Perception. Medical search

The process by which the nature and meaning of sensory stimuli are recognized and interpreted.

The selecting and organizing of visual stimuli based on the individual's past experience.

The real or apparent movement of objects through the visual field.

The perceiving of attributes, characteristics, and behaviors of one's associates or social groups.

The process whereby an utterance is decoded into a representation in terms of linguistic units (sequences of phonetic segments which combine to form lexical and grammatical morphemes).

Perception of three-dimensionality.

The process whereby auditory stimuli are selected, organized, and interpreted by the organism.

The sensory discrimination of a pattern shape or outline.

The process by which PAIN is recognized and interpreted by the brain.

The ability to estimate periods of time lapsed or duration of time.

A dimension of auditory sensation varying with cycles per second of the sound stimulus.

The process by which the nature and meaning of gustatory stimuli are recognized and interpreted by the brain. The four basic classes of taste perception are salty, sweet, bitter, and sour.

The awareness of the spatial properties of objects; includes physical space.

The process by which the nature and meaning of tactile stimuli are recognized and interpreted by the brain, such as realizing the characteristics or name of an object being touched.

The sensory interpretation of the dimensions of objects.

Mental processing of chromatic signals (COLOR VISION) from the eye by the VISUAL CORTEX where they are converted into symbolic representations. Color perception involves numerous neurons, and is influenced not only by the distribution of wavelengths from the viewed object, but also by its background color and brightness contrast at its boundary.

Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity.

The process by which the nature and meaning of olfactory stimuli, such as odors, are recognized and interpreted by the brain.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Knowledge, attitudes, and associated behaviors which pertain to health-related topics such as PATHOLOGIC PROCESSES or diseases, their prevention, and treatment. This term refers to non-health workers and health workers (HEALTH PERSONNEL).

Public attitudes toward health, disease, and the medical care system.

Attitudes of personnel toward their patients, other professionals, toward the medical care system, etc.

Recognition and discrimination of the heaviness of a lifted object.

The misinterpretation of a real external, sensory experience.

The minimum amount of stimulus energy necessary to elicit a sensory response.

Differential response to different stimuli.

An illusion of vision usually affecting spatial relations.

Sound that expresses emotion through rhythm, melody, and harmony.

An enduring, learned predisposition to behave in a consistent way toward a given class of objects, or a persistent mental and/or neural state of readiness to react to a certain class of objects, not as they are but as they are conceived to be.

A method of data collection and a QUALITATIVE RESEARCH tool in which a small group of individuals are brought together and allowed to interact in a discussion of their opinions about topics, issues, or questions.

Signals for an action; that specific portion of a perceptual field or pattern of stimuli to which a subject has learned to respond.

Awareness of oneself in relation to time, place and person.

Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system.

Any type of research that employs nonnumeric information to explore individual or group characteristics, producing findings not arrived at by statistical procedures or other quantitative means. (Qualitative Inquiry: A Dictionary of Terms Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1997)

The difference between two images on the retina when looking at a visual stimulus. This occurs since the two retinas do not have the same view of the stimulus because of the location of our eyes. Thus the left eye does not get exactly the same view as the right eye.

Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes, where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body.

A person's view of himself.

The science or study of speech sounds and their production, transmission, and reception, and their analysis, classification, and transcription. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The blending of separate images seen by each eye into one composite image.

Electronic hearing devices typically used for patients with normal outer and middle ear function, but defective inner ear function. In the COCHLEA, the hair cells (HAIR CELLS, VESTIBULAR) may be absent or damaged but there are residual nerve fibers. The device electrically stimulates the COCHLEAR NERVE to create sound sensation.

The attitude of a significant portion of a population toward any given proposition, based upon a measurable amount of factual evidence, and involving some degree of reflection, analysis, and reasoning.

The ability to detect sharp boundaries (stimuli) and to detect slight changes in luminance at regions without distinct contours. Psychophysical measurements of this visual function are used to evaluate visual acuity and to detect eye disease.

The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial.

Conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes school admission or job interviews.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Focusing on certain aspects of current experience to the exclusion of others. It is the act of heeding or taking notice or concentrating.

The act of "taking account" of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.

The process in which specialized SENSORY RECEPTOR CELLS transduce peripheral stimuli (physical or chemical) into NERVE IMPULSES which are then transmitted to the various sensory centers in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Sensation of making physical contact with objects, animate or inanimate. Tactile stimuli are detected by MECHANORECEPTORS in the skin and mucous membranes.

The process of discovering or asserting an objective or intrinsic relation between two objects or concepts; a faculty or power that enables a person to make judgments; the process of bringing to light and asserting the implicit meaning of a concept; a critical evaluation of a person or situation.

The interference of one perceptual stimulus with another causing a decrease or lessening in perceptual effectiveness.

The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed.

Those affective states which can be experienced and have arousing and motivational properties.

Area of the OCCIPITAL LOBE concerned with the processing of visual information relayed via VISUAL PATHWAYS.

Any sound which is unwanted or interferes with HEARING other sounds.

Lack of correspondence between the way a stimulus is commonly perceived and the way an individual perceives it under given conditions.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

The perceived attribute of a sound which corresponds to the physical attribute of intensity.

The interactions between physician and patient.

Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Observable changes of expression in the face in response to emotional stimuli.

The ability to differentiate tones.

A collective expression for all behavior patterns acquired and socially transmitted through symbols. Culture includes customs, traditions, and language.

The coordination of a sensory or ideational (cognitive) process and a motor activity.

The illumination of an environment and the arrangement of lights to achieve an effect or optimal visibility. Its application is in domestic or in public settings and in medical and non-medical environments.

Communication through a system of conventional vocal symbols.

The science pertaining to the interrelationship of psychologic phenomena and the individual's response to the physical properties of sound.

Individuals' concept of their own bodies.

Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data.

Persons functioning as natural, adoptive, or substitute parents. The heading includes the concept of parenthood as well as preparation for becoming a parent.

Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye.

The process of making a selective intellectual judgment when presented with several complex alternatives consisting of several variables, and usually defining a course of action or an idea.

The ability to detect chemicals through gustatory receptors in the mouth, including those on the TONGUE; the PALATE; the PHARYNX; and the EPIGLOTTIS.

The acoustic aspects of speech in terms of frequency, intensity, and time.

The graphic registration of the frequency and intensity of sounds, such as speech, infant crying, and animal vocalizations.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups.

Set of cell bodies and nerve fibers conducting impulses from the eyes to the cerebral cortex. It includes the RETINA; OPTIC NERVE; optic tract; and geniculocalcarine tract.

Individuals licensed to practice medicine.

The ability to detect scents or odors, such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS.

The volatile portions of substances perceptible by the sense of smell. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.

Individuals participating in the health care system for the purpose of receiving therapeutic, diagnostic, or preventive procedures.

The seeking and acceptance by patients of health service.

The knowledge or perception that someone or something present has been previously encountered.

Surgical insertion of an electronic hearing device (COCHLEAR IMPLANTS) with electrodes to the COCHLEAR NERVE in the inner ear to create sound sensation in patients with residual nerve fibers.

Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.

Tests of the ability to hear and understand speech as determined by scoring the number of words in a word list repeated correctly.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Motion of an object in which either one or more points on a line are fixed. It is also the motion of a particle about a fixed point. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Type of vision test used to determine COLOR VISION DEFECTS.

Behavioral manifestations of cerebral dominance in which there is preferential use and superior functioning of either the left or the right side, as in the preferred use of the right hand or right foot.

Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.

Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere responsible for auditory, olfactory, and semantic processing. It is located inferior to the lateral fissure and anterior to the OCCIPITAL LOBE.

Individuals enrolled in a school of medicine or a formal educational program in medicine.

Psychophysical technique that permits the estimation of the bias of the observer as well as detectability of the signal (i.e., stimulus) in any sensory modality. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)

The positioning and accommodation of eyes that allows the image to be brought into place on the FOVEA CENTRALIS of each eye.

Process whereby a cell, bodily structure, or organism (animal or plant) receives or detects a gravity stimulus. Gravity sensing plays an important role in the directional growth and development of an organism (GRAVITROPISM).

The audibility limit of discriminating sound intensity and pitch.

Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge.

The reciprocal interaction of two or more persons.

Amount of stimulation required before the sensation of pain is experienced.

A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears.

Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.

The analysis of a critical number of sensory stimuli or facts (the pattern) by physiological processes such as vision (PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL), touch, or hearing.

A verbal or nonverbal means of communicating ideas or feelings.

Perception of shape and form of objects by TOUCH, via tactile stimuli.

A continuing periodic change in displacement with respect to a fixed reference. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The capability to perform acceptably those duties directly related to patient care.

Images seen by one eye.

The process in which light signals are transformed by the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS into electrical signals which can then be transmitted to the brain.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.

Measurement of the ability to hear speech under various conditions of intensity and noise interference using sound-field as well as earphones and bone oscillators.

The educational process of instructing.

The sensation of cold, heat, coolness, and warmth as detected by THERMORECEPTORS.

Individuals enrolled a school of dentistry or a formal educational program in leading to a degree in dentistry.

An individual's objective and insightful awareness of the feelings and behavior of another person. It should be distinguished from sympathy, which is usually nonobjective and noncritical. It includes caring, which is the demonstration of an awareness of and a concern for the good of others. (From Bioethics Thesaurus, 1992)

The minimum concentration at which taste sensitivity to a particular substance or food can be perceived.

Confidence in or reliance on a person or thing.

Posterior portion of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES responsible for processing visual sensory information. It is located posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus and extends to the preoccipital notch.

The teaching staff and members of the administrative staff having academic rank in an educational institution.

The region of the cerebral cortex that receives the auditory radiation from the MEDIAL GENICULATE BODY.

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

Behaviors expressed by individuals to protect, maintain or promote their health status. For example, proper diet, and appropriate exercise are activities perceived to influence health status. Life style is closely associated with health behavior and factors influencing life style are socioeconomic, educational, and cultural.

The capability to perform the duties of one's profession generally, or to perform a particular professional task, with skill of an acceptable quality.

Intellectual or mental process whereby an organism obtains knowledge.

A type of non-ionizing radiation in which energy is transmitted through solid, liquid, or gas as compression waves. Sound (acoustic or sonic) radiation with frequencies above the audible range is classified as ultrasonic. Sound radiation below the audible range is classified as infrasonic.

A state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. (From APA Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

The levels of excellence which characterize the health service or health care provided based on accepted standards of quality.

A perceptual phenomenon used by Gestalt psychologists to demonstrate that events in one part of the perceptual field may affect perception in another part.

Female parents, human or animal.

Educational institutions providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.

Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the meaning of inflections of speech.

Individuals enrolled in a school of pharmacy or a formal educational program leading to a degree in pharmacy.

Sense of awareness of self and of the environment.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

The ability or act of sensing and transducing ACOUSTIC STIMULATION to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. It is also called audition.

The sounds produced by humans by the passage of air through the LARYNX and over the VOCAL CORDS, and then modified by the resonance organs, the NASOPHARYNX, and the MOUTH.

Customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a benefit or service received.

Personnel who provide nursing service to patients in a hospital.

Sense of movement of a part of the body, such as movement of fingers, elbows, knees, limbs, or weights.

Ability to make speech sounds that are recognizable.

The measurement of magnetic fields over the head generated by electric currents in the brain. As in any electrical conductor, electric fields in the brain are accompanied by orthogonal magnetic fields. The measurement of these fields provides information about the localization of brain activity which is complementary to that provided by ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY. Magnetoencephalography may be used alone or together with electroencephalography, for measurement of spontaneous or evoked activity, and for research or clinical purposes.

Freedom from exposure to danger and protection from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss. It suggests optimal precautions in the workplace, on the street, in the home, etc., and includes personal safety as well as the safety of property.

The study of the physiological basis of human and animal behavior.

The visually perceived property of objects created by absorption or reflection of specific wavelengths of light.

The act or fact of grasping the meaning, nature, or importance of; understanding. (American Heritage Dictionary, 4th ed) Includes understanding by a patient or research subject of information disclosed orally or in writing.

Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. It is located posterior to central sulcus, anterior to the OCCIPITAL LOBE, and superior to the TEMPORAL LOBES.

The human being as a non-anatomical and non-zoological entity. The emphasis is on the philosophical or artistic treatment of the human being, and includes lay and social attitudes toward the body in history. (From J. Cassedy, NLM History of Medicine Division)

Analysis of word concepts by the association of polar adjectives, e.g., good-bad, with the concept, father. The adjectives are usually scaled in 7 steps. The subject's placement of the concept on the adjectival scale indicates the connotative meaning of the concept.

Sensory functions that transduce stimuli received by proprioceptive receptors in joints, tendons, muscles, and the INNER EAR into neural impulses to be transmitted to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Proprioception provides sense of stationary positions and movements of one's body parts, and is important in maintaining KINESTHESIA and POSTURAL BALANCE.

The interactions between parent and child.

Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact.

Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc.

A test to determine the lowest sound intensity level at which fifty percent or more of the spondaic test words (words of two syllables having equal stress) are repeated correctly.

Use for articles concerning dental education in general.

An oversimplified perception or conception especially of persons, social groups, etc.

Persons living in the United States having origins in any of the black groups of Africa.

Those aspects or characteristics which identify a culture.

Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.

Physical motion, i.e., a change in position of a body or subject as a result of an external force. It is distinguished from MOVEMENT, a process resulting from biological activity.

A course of study offered by an educational institution.

Wearable sound-amplifying devices that are intended to compensate for impaired hearing. These generic devices include air-conduction hearing aids and bone-conduction hearing aids. (UMDNS, 1999)

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.

An oval, bony chamber of the inner ear, part of the bony labyrinth. It is continuous with bony COCHLEA anteriorly, and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS posteriorly. The vestibule contains two communicating sacs (utricle and saccule) of the balancing apparatus. The oval window on its lateral wall is occupied by the base of the STAPES of the MIDDLE EAR.

The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.

Individuals enrolled in a school of nursing or a formal educational program leading to a degree in nursing.

The electric response evoked in the cerebral cortex by visual stimulation or stimulation of the visual pathways.

The branch of physics that deals with sound and sound waves. In medicine it is often applied in procedures in speech and hearing studies. With regard to the environment, it refers to the characteristics of a room, auditorium, theatre, building, etc. that determines the audibility or fidelity of sounds in it. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Beliefs and values shared by all members of the organization. These shared values, which are subject to change, are reflected in the day to day management of the organization.

A preconceived judgment made without factual basis.

The distal part of the arm beyond the wrist in humans and primates, that includes the palm, fingers, and thumb.

Function of the human eye that is used in bright illumination or in daylight (at photopic intensities). Photopic vision is performed by the three types of RETINAL CONE PHOTORECEPTORS with varied peak absorption wavelengths in the color spectrum (from violet to red, 400 - 700 nm).

Interactions between health personnel and patients.

Men and women working in the provision of health services, whether as individual practitioners or employees of health institutions and programs, whether or not professionally trained, and whether or not subject to public regulation. (From A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, 1976)

Characteristics or attributes of persons or things which elicit pleasurable feelings.

Professionals qualified by graduation from an accredited school of nursing and by passage of a national licensing examination to practice nursing. They provide services to patients requiring assistance in recovering or maintaining their physical or mental health.

Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.

The psychological relations between the dentist and patient.

The feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation. It is the most direct psychic derivative of instinct and the psychic representative of the various bodily changes by means of which instincts manifest themselves.

The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.

Personal satisfaction relative to the work situation.

The observable response of a man or animal to a situation.

The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs.

Learning that is manifested in the ability to respond differentially to various stimuli.

Those physicians who have completed the education requirements specified by the American Academy of Family Physicians.

The smallest difference which can be discriminated between two stimuli or one which is barely above the threshold.

Care which provides integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community. (JAMA 1995;273(3):192)

Persons with any degree of loss of hearing that has an impact on their activities of daily living or that requires special assistance or intervention.

Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work.

The degree to which individuals are inhibited or facilitated in their ability to gain entry to and to receive care and services from the health care system. Factors influencing this ability include geographic, architectural, transportational, and financial considerations, among others.

Elements of residence that characterize a population. They are applicable in determining need for and utilization of health services.

Skills, techniques, standards, and principles used to improve the art and symmetry of the teeth and face to improve the appearance as well as the function of the teeth, mouth, and face. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p108)

The study of normal and abnormal behavior of children.

A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.

Effects of duodenal distension on antropyloroduodenal pressures and perception are modified by hyperglycemia. (1/2885)

Marked hyperglycemia (blood glucose approximately 15 mmol/l) affects gastrointestinal motor function and modulates the perception of gastrointestinal sensations. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of mild hyperglycemia on the perception of, and motor responses to, duodenal distension. Paired studies were done in nine healthy volunteers, during euglycemia ( approximately 4 mmol/l) and mild hyperglycemia ( approximately 10 mmol/l), in randomized order, using a crossover design. Antropyloroduodenal pressures were recorded with a manometric, sleeve-side hole assembly, and proximal duodenal distensions were performed with a flaccid bag. Intrabag volumes were increased at 4-ml increments from 12 to 48 ml, each distension lasting for 2.5 min and separated by 10 min. Perception of the distensions and sensations of fullness, nausea, and hunger were evaluated. Perceptions of distension (P < 0.001) and fullness (P < 0.05) were greater and hunger less (P < 0.001) during hyperglycemia compared with euglycemia. Proximal duodenal distension stimulated pyloric tone (P < 0.01), isolated pyloric pressure waves (P < 0.01), and duodenal pressure waves (P < 0.01). Compared with euglycemia, hyperglycemia was associated with increases in pyloric tone (P < 0.001), the frequency (P < 0.05) and amplitude (P < 0.01) of isolated pyloric pressure waves, and the frequency of duodenal pressure waves (P < 0.001) in response to duodenal distension. Duodenal compliance was less (P < 0.05) during hyperglycemia compared with euglycemia, but this did not account for the effects of hyperglycemia on perception. We conclude that both the perception of, and stimulation of pyloric and duodenal pressures by, duodenal distension are increased by mild hyperglycemia. These observations are consistent with the concept that the blood glucose concentration plays a role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and sensation. (+info)

Physiological changes in blood glucose do not affect gastric compliance and perception in normal subjects. (2/2885)

Marked hyperglycemia (blood glucose approximately 14 mmol/l) slows gastric emptying and affects the perception of sensations arising from the gut. Elevation of blood glucose within the physiological range also slows gastric emptying. This study aimed to determine whether physiological changes in blood glucose affect proximal gastric compliance and/or the perception of gastric distension in the fasting state. Paired studies were conducted in 10 fasting healthy volunteers. On a single day, isovolumetric and isobaric distensions of the proximal stomach were performed using an electronic barostat while the blood glucose concentration was maintained at 4 and 9 mmol/l in random order. Sensations were quantified using visual analog scales. The blood glucose concentration had no effect on the pressure-volume relationship during either isovolumetric or isobaric distensions or the perception of gastric distension. At both blood glucose concentrations, the perceptions of fullness, nausea, bloating, and abdominal discomfort, but not hunger or desire to eat, were related to intrabag volume (P +info)

The impact of genetic counselling on risk perception and mental health in women with a family history of breast cancer. (3/2885)

The present study investigated: (1) perception of genetic risk and, (2) the psychological effects of genetic counselling in women with a family history of breast cancer. Using a prospective design, with assessment pre- and post-genetic counselling at clinics and by postal follow-up at 1, 6 and 12 months, attenders at four South London genetic clinics were assessed. Participants included 282 women with a family history of breast cancer. Outcome was measured in terms of mental health, cancer-specific distress and risk perception. High levels of cancer-specific distress were found pre-genetic counselling, with 28% of participants reporting that they worried about breast cancer 'frequently or constantly' and 18% that worry about breast cancer was 'a severe or definite problem'. Following genetic counselling, levels of cancer-specific distress were unchanged. General mental health remained unchanged over time (33% psychiatric cases detected pre-genetic counselling, 27% at 12 months after genetic counselling). Prior to their genetics consultation, participants showed poor knowledge of their lifetime risk of breast cancer since there was no association between their perceived lifetime risk (when they were asked to express this as a 1 in x odds ratio) and their actual risk, when the latter was calculated by the geneticist at the clinic using the CASH model. In contrast, women were more accurate about their risk of breast cancer pre-genetic counselling when this was assessed in broad categorical terms (i.e. very much lower/very much higher than the average woman) with a significant association between this rating and the subsequently calculated CASH risk figure (P = 0.001). Genetic counselling produced a modest shift in the accuracy of perceived lifetime risk, expressed as an odds ratio, which was maintained at 12 months' follow-up. A significant minority failed to benefit from genetic counselling; 77 women continued to over-estimate their risk and maintain high levels of cancer-related worry. Most clinic attenders were inaccurate in their estimates of the population risk of breast cancer with only 24% able to give the correct figure prior to genetic counselling and 36% over-estimating this risk. There was some improvement following genetic counselling with 62% able to give the correct figure, but this information was poorly retained and this figure had dropped to 34% by the 1-year follow-up. The study showed that women attending for genetic counselling are worried about breast cancer, with 34% indicating that they had initiated the referral to the genetic clinic themselves. This anxiety is not alleviated by genetic counselling, although women reported that it was less of a problem at follow-up. Women who continue to over-estimate their risk and worry about breast cancer are likely to go on seeking unnecessary screening if they are not reassured. (+info)

Teenage mothers and their peers: a research challenge. (4/2885)

Recent reports have highlighted the adverse health experience of teenage mothers. The question of how these mothers' perceptions of their own health status and social networks differ from those of their nulliparous peers is explored in this pilot study, which highlights some practical problems associated with research in this important field. (+info)

Abbreviated measures of food sufficiency validly estimate the food security level of poor households: measuring household food security. (5/2885)

This study was designed to develop an abbreviated method that captures both the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of household food security (HFS). Women in poor and very poor households (n = 238) in a peri-urban barrio in Caracas, Venezuela, provided data on food availability and their perception of food resource constraints and hunger experiences within the home. Socioeconomic data and food-related behavior that may predict HFS levels were gathered. On average, the top 12 food contributors of energy provided 81% and predicted more than 90% of the variation in households' total energy availability using stepwise regression analysis. On the other hand, a 4-point 12-item scale was shown to have face, content and construct validity with reiterative testing, factor analysis and a Chronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92. Assessing predictors of energy availability together with a self-perceived HFS scale may provide a valid and reliable method for identifying and monitoring food security levels among poor urban households. (+info)

Subjective perception of body sway. (6/2885)

OBJECTIVES AND METHOD: The relation between body sway recorded through a stabilometric platform and the subjective report of steadiness was studied in 20 young and 20 elderly subjects and 20 neuropathic and 20 parkinsonian patients standing upright. The trials were performed under two stances (feet apart, feet together) and two visual conditions (eyes open, eyes closed). At the end of each trial, subjects scored their performance on a scale from 10 (complete steadiness) to 0 (fall). RESULTS: In all subjects, independently of the stance conditions, the larger the body sway the smaller the reported score. The function best fitting this relation was linear when sway was expressed on a logarithmic scale. The scoring reproducibility proved high both within and across subjects. Despite the different body sways and scores recorded under the different visual and postural conditions (eyes closed>eyes open, feet together>feet apart) in all groups of subjects and patients, the slopes of the relations between sway and score were broadly superimposable. In the normal subjects, the scores were slightly higher during eyes open than eyes closed trials for corresponding body sways. This was interpreted as a sign of perception of greater stability when vision was allowed. Parkinsonian patients swayed to a similar extent as normal subjects, and their scores were accordingly similar, both with eyes open and eyes closed. Neuropathic patients swayed to a larger extent than normal subjects, and their scores were matched appropriately. Although the slope of their relation with eyes closed was not different from that of normal subjects, with eyes open it was steeper and similar to that with eyes closed, suggesting that these patients did not feel more stable when they could take advantage of vision. CONCLUSIONS: The subjective evaluation of body sway, irrespective of stance condition, age, neuropathy, and basal ganglia disease, reflects the actual sway, and is inversely proportional to the logarithm of the sway value. The remarkable similarity of the relation between score and sway across the various groups of subjects with eyes closed indicates a common mode of sway evaluation, possibly based on integration of several sensory inputs. All groups except neuropathic patients seem to take advantage of the redundancy of the inputs. Basal ganglia integrity does not seem to have a role in the evaluation of sway. (+info)

Understanding lay perspectives: care options for STD treatment in Lusaka, Zambia. (7/2885)

Understanding lay persons' perceptions of STD care is critical in the design and implementation of appropriate health services. Using 20 unstructured group interviews, 10 focus group discussions and 4 STD case simulations in selected sub-populations in Lusaka, we investigated lay person perspectives of STD services. The study revealed a large diversity of care options for STD in the communities, including self-care, traditional healers, medicine sold in the markets and streets, injections administered in the compounds, private clinics, health centres and hospital. The factors identified as influencing care seeking behaviour are: lay referral mechanisms, social cost, availability of care options, economics, beliefs, stigma and quality of care as perceived by the users. (+info)

Planning with PRA: HIV and STD in a Nepalese mountain community. (8/2885)

The application of Participatory Rural Appraisal methods (PRA) to the topic of sexual health enabled us to explore key factors concerning local people's perceptions regarding HIV/AIDS and STDs and to plan collectively to address the emerging issues. Conducting the process in a gender sensitive way enabled people to feel safe enough to express their own opinions, and having gained confidence in their peer groups, to share ideas later with the whole community in a joint planning exercise. Nevertheless one group was identified as difficult to reach and whose needs could not be met in a group for reasons of confidentiality. While the methodology itself clearly has great potential in planning around specific health issues, there are, nevertheless, limitations. Although the approach and the tools used are simple and accessible, the skills needed to analyze the information are more complex and demanding. The training given did not manage to equip facilitators adequately with these analytical skills and in the future will be more experience based and geared towards developing analysis and the ability to formulate questions. In addition, since the project is not permanently resident in the area, intensive support within the District is necessary to increase the chances of sustainability. (+info)

Cultural differences in self-perception[edit]. Studies of the Dunning-Kruger effect usually have been of North Americans, but ... How perceptions of difficulty drive miscalibration in relative comparisons". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. ... How Perceptions of Difficulty Drive Miscalibration in Relative Comparisons (2006) investigated three studies that manipulated ... regardless of any objective improvement gained in said skills of perception.[1] The study Mind-Reading and Metacognition: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DunningKruger_effect

Communication and perception[edit]. African Pygmy Squirrels have keen hearing, vision, and smell. They use the vibrissae on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_pygmy_squirrel

"Corruption Perceptions Index 2017". www.transparency.org. Retrieved 2018-03-06.. *^ "Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014". ... Corruption Perceptions Index[edit]. Corruption is a problem. Malaysia had a corruption score of 52 out of 100 (high scores are ... Transparency International's 2017 Corruption Perception Index ranks the country 62nd place out of 180 countries.[2] ... was identified in a survey by Ernst and Young as one of the most corrupt countries in the region according to the perceptions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Malaysia

American perceptions of Fascism[edit]. According to D'Agostino, "historians have neglected to consider how Pacelli's visit ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio_Pacelli

Public perception[edit]. Limited studies have investigated public perceptions of BECCS. Of those studies, most originate from ... Measures of respondents perceptions suggest that the public associate BECCS with a balance of both positive and negative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-energy_with_carbon_capture_and_storage

perception[edit]. The most notable addition of Myers and Briggs ideas to Jung's original thought is their concept that a given ... Lifestyle preferences: judging/perception[edit]. Myers and Briggs added another dimension to Jung's typological model by ... Step III was advertised as addressing type development and the use of perception and judgment by respondents.[30] ... Those types who prefer perception show the world their preferred perceiving function (sensing or intuition). So, SP types tend ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myers-Briggs_Type_Indicator

Outside perception[edit]. Society at large viewed the East End with a mixture of suspicion and fascination, with the use of the ... the western urban expansion of London must have helped shape the different economic character of the two parts and perceptions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_End

Perception[edit]. Main article: Speech perception. Speech perception refers to the processes by which humans can interpret and ... Speech perception is categorical, in that people put the sounds they hear into categories rather than perceiving them as a ... Research into speech perception also has applications in building computer systems that can recognize speech, as well as ... Research in speech perception seeks to understand how listeners recognize speech sounds and use this information to understand ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_Communication

8.6.6 Perception-based. *8.6.7 History-based. *8.6.8 Science-based ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchy

Public perception and media coverage. Early portrayal of the furries in magazines such as Wired,[54] Loaded,[55] Vanity Fair,[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furry_fandom

Psychology and perception[edit]. Auditory pareidolia is a situation created when the brain incorrectly interprets random ... "If one expects to hear voices, constructive perception will produce voices. The voices, not surprisingly, are usually described ... "Auditory Pareidolia: Effects of Contextual Priming on Perceptions of Purportedly Paranormal and Ambiguous Auditory Stimuli" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_voice_phenomena

Music Perception, 185-213. *^ a b Matthews, M. (1999). Introduction to timbre. In P.R. Cook (Ed.), Music, cognition, and ... in sound perception it can often be used to identify the source of a sound and is an important component of timbre perception ( ... Perception of sound. A distinct use of the term sound from its use in physics is that in physiology and psychology, where the ... In human physiology and psychology, sound is the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain.[1] Only acoustic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_wave

Society and public perception[edit]. Wyeth controversy[edit]. See also: Medical ghostwriter ... This non-evidence-based perception may be the result of decades of carefully orchestrated corporate influence on medical ... The positive perceptions of many physicians of HRT in spite of large trials showing risks that potentially outweigh any ... "Knowledge, perceptions and information about hormone therapy (HT) among menopausal women: a systematic review and meta- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone_replacement_therapy

Cultural perception. In 1850, William Gladstone asked the scientist Michael Faraday why electricity was valuable. Faraday ... The threshold for perception varies with the supply frequency and with the path of the current, but is about 0.1 mA to 1 mA for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric

Modern perceptions. See also: Dark Ages (historiography), Medieval studies, and Middle Ages in popular culture ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_Europe

Perception[edit]. The most well-characterized auxin receptors are the TIR1/ AFB family of F-box proteins. F-box proteins target ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooting_hormone

Perception[edit]. A study at Loughborough University in the United Kingdom showed that strobe lighting conveyed a greater sense ... strobe only warning lighting did not allow for the same level of perception of distance from the source that traditional light ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_vehicle_lighting

Influence of perception of responsibility and guilt[edit]. Guilt has long been regarded as a motivator for prosocial behavior.[ ... fosters the perception that a behavior reflects identity, and increases helping, or prosocial, behaviors in children ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-social

Self-perception theory[edit]. In Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena (1967), the ... Align one's perceptions of a person with one's behavior toward that person: The Ben Franklin effect refers to that statesman's ... Self-perception theory proposes that people adopt attitudes without access to their states of mood and cognition.[56] ... Dissonant self-perception: A lawyer can experience cognitive dissonance if he must defend as innocent a client he thinks is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_dissonance

Artificial sensation and perception[edit]. Main article: Machine perception. Machine perception is the capability of a computer ... a b c d e f g h i j Privitera, A. J. (2020). Sensation and perception. In R. Biswas-Diener & E. Diener (Eds), Noba textbook ... Olfactory perception, Gustatory perception (taste or flavor)[19] Smell (olfaction) Chemical substance Mouth Chemoreceptor ... Tactile perception (mechanoreception, thermoception) Touch (tactition) Multimodal perception[edit]. Main article: Multimodal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense?rdfrom=http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php?title=Five_organs&redirect=no

Risk perception and risk reduction activities[edit]. The consumer's perceptions of risk are a major consideration in the pre- ... Perception[edit]. Part of marketing strategy is to ascertain how consumers gain knowledge and use information from external ... Of special interest is the threshold of perception (also known as the just noticeable difference) in a stimulus. For example, ... The process of perception is uniquely individual and may depend on a combination of internal and external factors such as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_psychology

... e actresses have contributed to this perception; some of them include Marilyn Monroe, Judy Holliday, Jayne Mansfield, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blonde

Perceptions and values in the two countries[edit]. The exploits of gunslingers on the American frontier played a major role in ... Rainer Schnoor, "The Good and the Bad America: Perceptions of the United States in the GDR," in Detlef Junker, et al. eds. The ... Transatlantic Images and Perceptions: Germany and America since 1776 (Cambridge UP, 1997). ... The Manichaean Trap: American Perceptions of the German Empire, 1871-1945 (German Historical Institute, 1995). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany–United_States_relations

Cultural perception[edit]. A British political cartoon showing a barrister and a solicitor throwing black paint at a woman ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawyers

Perception of electoral systems[edit]. Lorraine Minnite of Demos has criticized proponents of voter ID laws for shifting their ... Bowler, Shaun; Brunell, Thomas; Donovan, Todd; Gronke, Paul (June 2015). "Election administration and perceptions of fair ... a photo ID requirement will ensure election integrity and safeguard public perception of the nation's voting system at little ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voter_ID_laws_(United_States)

Public perceptions of crime[edit]. A Ministry of Justice study in 2003 found that 83% of New Zealanders held inaccurate and ... New Zealanders' perceptions of safety differ to the way the country is perceived internationally. In 2010 and 2011, New Zealand ... "Public perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system survey - 2014 results". Ministry of Justice. December 2014. ... In mid 2014, the Ministry of Justice and Colmar Brunton conducted a survey of 2,051 New Zealanders about their perceptions of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_in_New_Zealand

Perception of aging and cosmeceuticals[edit]. Beauty standards are constantly evolving over decades due to increased perception ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics

Sense perception[edit]. In discussing the propagation of light and sound, Oresme adopted the common medieval doctrine of the ... He practiced the technique of "inner senses" and studied the perception of the world. Oresme contributed to 19th and 20th ... Oresme discovered the psychology of unconscious and came up with the theory of unconscious conclusion of perception. He ... century psychology in the fields of cognitive psychology, perception psychology, psychology of consciousness, and psychophysics ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Oresme

Physiological effects and human perception[edit]. See also: Human tolerance of g-force and How human physiology processes and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerk_(physics)

Perception[edit]. The ability to use sensory cues to guide motor activity: This ranges from sensory stimulation, through cue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom's_Taxonomy

Edmond (2005). Narrative, Perception, Language, and Faith, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. *^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p ... Perception as direct perception[edit]. Cognitive theories of perception assume there is a poverty of stimulus. This (with ... Perception-in-action[edit]. An ecological understanding of perception derived from Gibsons early work is that of "perception- ... Main article: Social perception. Social perception is the part of perception that allows people to understand the individuals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception

Extrasensory perception, ESP or Esper, also called sixth sense or second sight, includes claimed reception of information not ... The scientific consensus does not view extrasensory perception as a real phenomenon.[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Skeptics have ... "ESP (extrasensory perception)". Skeptics Dictionary!. Retrieved 2007-06-23.. *^ Goldstein, Bruce E. (2010). Encyclopedia of ... ISBN 978-0-309-07309-7 "In 1940, Rhine coauthored a book, Extrasensory Perception After Sixty Years in which he suggested that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extra-sensory_perception

... Center Studies Military-Related Extrasensory Perception Staff photo by Stephanie Bruce Dr. Sally ... ESP: Extrasensory Perception. "ESP is most commonly called the "sixth sense." It is sensory information that an individual ... extrasensory perception. Feather is seeking accounts of possible extrasensory perception related to military service. December ... "Some claim that it is extrasensory perception. A man who has tracked African guerrillas for the better part of three decades ...

http://www.angelfire.com/zine/secondsight/ESP.html

T]he main philosophical problem with this notion of perception is that we should not accept our perceptions as being reliable, ... The Power of Perception. Burbank, California; January 11, 2002; Joan Marques, MBA, Doctoral Student. ... Perception seems to have everything to do with our own selfish way of looking at everything. It may be influenced by the ... Or being part of a team where there?s clear divergence in the perception of what is a ?good end product.? Some of us are ...

http://www.angelfire.com/id/joanmarques/Articles/The_Power_of_Perception.html

Perception. Photo Synthesis. Category archives for Perception. Holy Water?. Posted by Erin Johnson on November 3, 2009 ...

http://scienceblogs.com/photosynthesis/category/perception/

Perception, in humans, the process whereby sensory stimulation is translated into organized experience. That experience, or ... look" in the theory of perception, which emphasized that perception is an active rather than a reactive process. Peoples ... so much so that to study perception is to study the brain. Much contemporary research in perception is directed toward ... More About Perception. 47 references found in Britannica articles. Assorted References. *major reference* In human nervous ...

https://www.britannica.com/topic/perception

PERCEPTION INTERNATIONAL educates the public about cultural and environmental issues by providing new perspectives on these ... Perception Internatoinal is dedicated to the concept that, just as biodiversity is necessary for the survival of local and ... Perception International aims to create and communicate new perspectives that lead to new ways of being, creating, and living. ... PERCEPTION INTERNATIONAL educates the public about cultural and environmental issues by providing new perspectives on these ...

https://www.idealist.org/en/nonprofit/fa59fa948c864fb997d627c375764e67-perception-international-el-prado

Michael Garippa, CEO of Syncardia, maker of artificial hearts with portable power supplies My biggest mistake here (Ive only been the CEO since May 23, 2011) was in underestimating how hard it would be to dispel all the myths surrounding our Total Artificial Heart. It was first used 30 years ago, yet the company was so capacity-constrained that it never grew. Seven Common Small Business Mistakes And How To Deal With Them - pg.4

https://www.forbes.com/pictures/fgdi45lihm/underestimating-market-perception-3/

I am overwhelmed with the general perception among the lay public that "social science findings often reaffirm or echo what ...

https://scienceblogs.com/tag/sensation-and-perception

... * 1. SENSATION and PERCEPTION * 2. SENSATION the process of receiving stimulus energies ... 7. Why is it important to study sensation and perception? The purpose of perception is: 1) to represent information from the ... 4. PERCEPTION the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning. Prior experiences Expectations ... TRICHROMATIC THEORY (THOMAS YOUNG 1802) (ex: HERMANN von HELMONTZ 1852) Color perception is based on the existence of three of ...

https://www.slideshare.net/preciousconcha/sensation-and-perception-psychology

The MHP panel discuss how external factors such as food and music could serve as mood boosters and how people perceive states of happiness.

http://www.msnbc.com/melissa-harris-perry/watch/the-perception-of-happiness-77000771671

space perception: Process through which humans and other organisms become aware of the relative positions of their own bodies ... Such perception is called veridical perception-the direct perception of stimuli as they exist. Without some degree of ... Not all perception of space, however, is veridical; instead, perception may fail to correspond to reality-often in some ... Nonveridical perceptions do not generate chaos in ones perception of space. Instead, they clarify the perceived ...

https://www.britannica.com/topic/space-perception

Brand surveys help you accurately measure how your audiences perceive your brand, campaign, or product, right after theyve viewed your video.

http://www.adobe.com/lt/advertising-cloud/media-optimizer/digital-formats/brand-perception-surveys.html

** Dungeons & Dragons (New Line, 143 minutes, PG-13, priced for rental, DVD available): The cast and crew of Dungeons & Dragons have delivered a heaping helping of ham, mostly in the person of Oscar winner Jeremy Irons, who devours the digitally rendered scenery in this nutty rip-off of every sorcery tale since The Lord of the Rings. Lucky thing too. Without Irons' hamming, there wouldn't be much to chew on in this exasperatingly plotted mess.

https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2001-05-25-0105240503-story.html

... confirms that public opinion about the existence and importance of global warming depends strongly on their perceptions of ... Perception of climate change. James Hansen, Makiko Sato, and Reto Ruedy. PNAS September 11, 2012 109 (37) E2415-E2423; https:// ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/109/37/E2415.full

Premieres: Tuesday, June 25 on TNT Why were watching: Because there just arent enough shows on TV about talented but eccentric neuropsychiatrists. TNT likes this Eric McCormack-led series so much theyve ordered 14 episodes for Season 2. -- Geoff Berkshire, Zap2it (TNT ...

http://www.orlandosentinel.com/zap-summer-tv-2013-premieres-arrested-developm-034-photo.html

As part of the inaugural Paul Robeson Art Is a Weapon Festival Patrice Naiambana looks at the future of Africa. A slave on board a ship is inspired to mutiny by

https://www.timeout.com/london/theatre/perception-gap

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 77(4): 1105-1115.. *Dunne, S., Ellison, A. & Smith, D.T. (2015). Rewards modulate ... Perception, Action & Awareness. A research group of the Department of Psychology.. The Department of Psychology has a very ... Lewald, J., Peters, S., Corballis, M. C. & Hausmann, M. (2009). Perception of stationary and moving sound following unilateral ... Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance 38(6): 1438-1447. ...

https://www.dur.ac.uk/research/directory/view/?mode=centre&id=555

Perception is a fanfiction author that has written 34 stories for Buffy: The Vampire Slayer, Glee, Avengers, Mission: ...

https://www.fanfiction.net/u/63448/Ms-Perception

... given Turkeys perception that Germany had not taken the coup attempt seriously and Germanys concern about mass arrests and ... Re: given Turkeys perception Is there omitted words in the second part of the sentence? and what does the word perception in ... Given Turkeys perception, there was no basis for discussions.. Here are the opinions of four famous grammarians.. 1. Given ... Re: given Turkeys perception Given means considering. The bold part is a noun phrase. ...

https://www.usingenglish.com/forum/threads/241826-given-Turkey-s-perception

- A study by Carnegie Mellon University explores the dichotomy between how users perceived their online privacy practices and how they unknowingly divulged personal information.

https://www.psfk.com/2010/09/design-perception-privacy.html

These elements shape my perception as a man. This could mean: a) These elements shape the way I perceive as a man. But could it ... Your perception is the way you use your senses. Thus, my perception cannot be someone elses perception of me. ... 1) These elements shape my perception as a man.. This could mean:. a) These elements shape the way I perceive as a man.. Yes.. ... 1) These elements shape my perception as a man.. This could mean:. a) These elements shape the way I perceive as a man.. But ...

https://www.usingenglish.com/forum/threads/223150-my-perception-as

Naturejobs is the worlds leading dedicated science jobs board. The Naturejobs blog aims to be the leading online resource for scientists in academia and industry who seek guidance in developing their careers. The blog delivers a mix of expert advice and personal stories to help readers review, set and achieve their career goals. We like to interact with our readers - we want to know what you want to know. Please share your thoughts in the comments section and get in touch if you have content suggestions. Pitches for guest posts are encouraged and should be emailed to the editor Jack Leeming at naturejobseditor [at] nature. ...

https://blogs.nature.com/naturejobs/tag/perception/

The common theory of perception is based on the philosophy that there is an external world that is real to which we react - ... In reality, considering the state of perception it is perfectly possible to perceive virtually anything, and believe any ... construct or effect that arises from the actions which inevitably arise as consequences of those perceptions. In other words: ... Perception may be thought of as the orientation of your internal state of mind. ...

https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Perception

... A Qualitative Research. EDA YILMAZ ALARÇİN. A Papa Smurf or Superman...Spring or winter…Woman or man… ...

https://www.peterlang.com/abstract/title/75093?rskey=GCPznV&result=8

Although the term perception is difficult to define, we all have an intuitive notion of what is meant by it. For the sake of ... Like our perception of loudness, our perception of pitch is logarithmic. Why some chords and melodies are beautiful, sad, or ... In the act of external perception he distinguished two elements, to which he gave the names of perception and sensation. He ... Perception. The way we perceive the world around us. Since we were born, we have been told how to live in this world. We have ...

https://everything2.com/title/Perception

Perception, Action & Cognition (PAC) CONTACTS Name. Email. Phone. Room. Betty K. Tuller - Program Director [email protected] (703 ... non-human animals without a clear and direct impact on our understanding of human perception, action, or cognition. ...

https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5686&WT.mc_id=USNSF_39&WT.mc_ev=click

Feb 13, 2018, 06:14 ET Perception Point Announces $8 Million in Series A Funding Led By Pitango Venture Capital Perception ... Aug 08, 2018, 09:00 ET Perception Point Launches Anti-Malware Solution for Shared Drives Perception Point, a cybersecurity firm ... Nov 21, 2019, 09:00 ET Perception Point Announces SOC 2 Compliance Perception Point, a leading cybersecurity firm that protects ... May 13, 2019, 09:00 ET Perception Point Adds Business Email Compromise (BEC) Protection to Its Security Platform Perception ...

https://www.prnewswire.com/news/perception-point/

... The CNS continuously filters sensory information, and is capable of switching priority (i.e., paying attention). ... PERCEPTION is a CONSCIOUS process; SENSATION is not. For example, nociception is the sensation; pain is the perception. ... due to the large number of interactions within and across sensory modalities, perception is extremely complex and there are ... à descending pathways can change sensory processing at any level (including receptors), thereby altering perception ...

http://www.d.umn.edu/~jfitzake/Lectures/DMED/SensoryPhysiology/GeneralPrinciples/Perception.html

A traditional view of perception and action makes two assumptions: that the causal flow between perception and action is ... Ecological views reject the one-way aspect but not the instrumental aspect of the traditional view, so that perception and ... This is illustrated by reference to motor theories of perception and control theories of action. 1. THE CLASSICAL SANDWICH AND ... First, perception and action are seen as separate from each other and as ...

http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/citations?doi=10.1.1.588.9643

The Interpersonal Perception and Social Cognition (IPSC) laboratory is housed in the Behavioural Sciences Building at York University in Toronto, Ontario. (yorku.ca)
It provides essential reading for upper-level courses on social cognition or social perception and could also serve as an auxiliary text in courses on interpersonal perception/relations and courses on stereotyping/intergroup relations. (google.com)

Without denying that learning can play some role in perception, many theorists took the position that perceptual organization reflects innate properties of the brain itself. (britannica.com)
and 3) to help in designing devices to restore perception to those who have lost some (or all) and also to devise treatments for other perceptual problems. (slideshare.net)
Many psychologists who deal with perceptual function hold that the study of space perception is rapidly becoming a distinct branch of psychology in its own right. (britannica.com)
Space perception research also offers insight into ways that perceptual behaviour helps orient the individual to the environment. (britannica.com)
Categorical perception is a mechanism by which perceptual systems categorize continuously varying stimuli, making specific predictions about discrimination relative to category boundaries. (nature.com)
In contemporary philosophy, the phrase 'the contents of perception' means, roughly, what is conveyed to the subject by her perceptual experience. (stanford.edu)
An analogous use of "the contents of perception" would pick out what is 'in the mind' when one has a perceptual experience. (stanford.edu)

or 3) non-human animals without a clear and direct impact on our understanding of human perception, action, or cognition. (nsf.gov)
Bornstein, M. H. in Categorical Perception: the Groundwork of Cognition (ed. (nature.com)
Harnad, S. R. Categorical Perception: the Groundwork of Cognition (Cambridge Univ. (nature.com)
Social cognition strategies revolve around a person's perceptions of self, pointing to treatment modalities like cognitive-behavioral therapy as an effective model. (psychcentral.com)
A sample of research on the effect of smartphone use on academic performance, memory for stressful events, posture and Stroop effect, immunity and cognition, number perception, decisions in loss and gain domains, the protective effect of positivity on memory decline. (psychologicalscience.org)

But Netflix leadership made a fatal mistake while planning their response to these challenges-they failed to consider the power of public perception. (fastcompany.com)
PBS must guard against the public perception that editorial control might have been exercised by program funders. (pbs.org)
steps must also be taken to avoid the public perception that program funders have influenced professional judgments. (pbs.org)

Never forget the power of perception when it comes to building a strong company brand ! (fastcompany.com)

A July 2020 study found that experiencing lockdown during the coronavirus pandemic changed people's perception of how slowly - or quickly - time is passed. (yahoo.com)

That finding replicates previous research on social projection that shows perceptions of group characteristics depend, in part, on people's perceptions of themselves. (brown.edu)

Although the perception of time is subjective and usually depends on the relevant situation, the discovery that time appears to pass more slowly for depressed individuals is significant. (psychcentral.com)
Researchers believe future studies are needed to clearly differentiate between the subjective perception of the passage of time and the ability to estimate the length of precisely defined time intervals. (psychcentral.com)

He emphasizes the importance of nurturing their products and making sure their marketing is up-to-date, so that the positive perception will be maintained. (angelfire.com)

Space perception provides cues, such as depth and distance, that are important for movement and orientation to the environment . (britannica.com)
Effects of the distribution of cues on infants' perception of speech sounds. (purdue.edu)
The first stage doesn't give us enough information on which to base perceptions of the target, so we will actively seek out cues to resolve this ambiguity. (wikipedia.org)
We also actively ignore and even distort cues that violate our initial perceptions. (wikipedia.org)

T]he main philosophical problem with this notion of perception is that we should not accept our perceptions as being reliable, since (1) it is possible for us to misperceive objects in the world, (2) our senses are susceptible to illusions (e.g. hallucinations), and (3) it is unclear how much epistemological value perceptions have, or how much belief, if any, should be rooted in that which we perceive. (angelfire.com)
Veridical perception also causes a person to experience changing stimuli as if they were stable: even though the sensory image of an approaching tiger grows larger, for example, one tends to perceive that the animal's size remains unchanged. (britannica.com)
In reality, considering the state of perception it is perfectly possible to perceive virtually anything, and believe any construct or effect that arises from the actions which inevitably arise as consequences of those perceptions. (urbandictionary.com)
PROVIDENCE, R.I. - People say they are unique yet perceive themselves as largely similar to others, according to a new Brown University study that looks at individuals' perception of themselves and their social groups. (brown.edu)
Visual perception of displayed images is a key factor in human decision making," Vishwanath notes, "Properly describing how humans view and perceive images will provide a better understanding of why people respond positively to some images and negatively to others. (redorbit.com)

[4] Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception. (wikipedia.org)
Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 77 (4): 1105-1115. (dur.ac.uk)

Peak brightness is the moment when the observer, the dark object, and background star are most closely aligned.Humans naturally use parallax to determine distance -- this is commonly referred to as depth perception. (caltech.edu)

As clarified by Fieser & Dowden, perception doesn?t only influence the way we look at- and understand ourselves. (angelfire.com)

Bottom-up processing refers to the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input. (urbandictionary.com)

7. Why is it important to study sensation and perception? (slideshare.net)
The highly accessible Sensation and Perception presents a current and accurate account of modern sensation and perception from both a cognitive and neurocognitive perspective. (sagepub.com)

The brain is a part of the visual perception system, along with the eye and its movements and the moving body. (psu.edu)
A team of scientists has solved a key mystery of visual perception. (redorbit.com)

This new project will investigate how cognitive processes - in this case, visual search and attention and the perception of risk - influence hazard recognition. (cdc.gov)

Such perception is called veridical perception-the direct perception of stimuli as they exist. (britannica.com)
Both predictions of categorical perception 5 were supported: females (1) categorized colour stimuli that varied along a continuum and (2) showed increased discrimination between colours from opposite sides of a category boundary compared to equally different colours from within a category. (nature.com)

This volume focuses on social perception, the processing of information about people. (google.com)
The chapters in this book highlight research and theorizing about social perception, exploring the processes involved in social perception from persons to groups. (google.com)
Finally, other chapters focus on variables that affect perceptions and judgments of both individuals and groups, proving opportunities for greater recognition of the common set of factors that are central to all types of social perception. (google.com)

Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness. (wikipedia.org)
Everything in life, for each of us, depends on our perception. (angelfire.com)
A recent survey in the United States ( 1 ) confirms that public opinion about the existence and importance of global warming depends strongly on their perceptions of recent local climate variations. (pnas.org)

The process of perception begins with an object in the real world, termed the distal stimulus or distal object . (wikipedia.org)
Nelson, D. A. & Marler, P. Categorical perception of a natural stimulus continuum: birdsong. (nature.com)

Perception (from the Latin perceptio ) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment. (wikipedia.org)

In this paper we study the risk perception of traffic participants. (repec.org)
Risk Perception and Smoking Behavior: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan ," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty , Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 139-157, September. (repec.org)
To identify what situations sand, stone, and gravel mine workers find risky and how risk perception and risk tolerance influence the decisions they make in the face of risk or danger. (cdc.gov)
Because risk is inherent in the work that SSG mine workers perform and is also a critical factor in the decisionmaking process, the purpose of this pilot project was to identify what situations SSG mine workers find risky and how risk perception and risk tolerance influence the decisions they make in the face of risk or danger. (cdc.gov)
Using qualitative data collection methods, researchers focused on the organizational, environmental, situational, and human factors that influence risk perception and tolerance and their effect on decisionmaking. (cdc.gov)

All these events are intricately mixed, those that are given in self perception as well as those given in sense perception. (dictionary.com)

A major goal of Gestalt theory in the 20th century was to specify the brain processes that might account for the organization of perception. (britannica.com)
TalentNomics India: Perception Survey- How women friendly is your organization? (google.com)
Open Perception is an open organization. (willowgarage.com)

Behavior: The control of perception. (psu.edu)

The empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that fiscal perception affects voters' behaviour. (repec.org)
Since lack of sleep affects the way we see things and interact with others, it comes as no surprise that it can also impact our emotional perceptions, making them likely to be more negative than usual. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques. (wikipedia.org)
As a scientific enterprise, however, the investigation of perception has especially developed as part of the larger discipline of psychology . (britannica.com)
As a student of psychology, and as someone who studies and writes about the mind, I am overwhelmed with the general perception among the lay public that "social science findings often reaffirm or echo what common sense observations tell us. (scienceblogs.com)

The common theory of perception is based on the philosophy that there is an external world that is real to which we react - however that is an Aristotlean (look him up you stupid lazy kids) dictatorship which is imposed on the masses who reside inside the educational system and have come wired up to it like humans wired up to the matrix. (urbandictionary.com)

Sleep deprivation and pain perception. (nih.gov)
Sleep deprivation , studies have shown, can be just as bad as being drunk , as it alters your perception of space and your reaction time. (medicalnewstoday.com)

If you don't like the story your living, then change the perception. (lifehack.org)
Even if it's the memory of how good everything smelled or how relaxing everything felt for a moment, knowing that you were the one that created it will be even more rewarding when you know that you are the one having the power to change the perception of living! (bellaonline.com)

The philosophical definition of perception becomes even more interesting if we consider that there is a ?common-sense or direct realist theory [which] maintains that the world is as it is perceived, [thereby assuming] that there is a world with objects that exists independently of human perceptions. (angelfire.com)
Historically, research on person perception developed quite independently from research involving perceptions of groups. (google.com)

Results suggest that the best methods for combating loneliness are those that change a person's perceptions and incorrect assumptions about themselves and the people around them. (psychcentral.com)
Often times when one is struggling with loneliness their internal perception is that no one likes them, that they are set apart. (ipl.org)

For the 1934 book by Joseph Banks Rhine, see Extrasensory Perception (book) . (wikipedia.org)
Extrasensory perception , ESP or Esper , also called sixth sense or second sight , includes claimed reception of information not gained through the recognized physical senses but sensed with the mind. (wikipedia.org)
In the 1930s, at Duke University in North Carolina, J. B. Rhine and his wife Louisa E. Rhine conducted investigation into extrasensory perception. (wikipedia.org)
Cox concluded "There is no evidence of extrasensory perception either in the 'average man' or of the group investigated or in any particular individual of that group. (wikipedia.org)
The scientific consensus does not view extrasensory perception as a real phenomenon. (wikipedia.org)
There are many criticisms pertaining to experiments involving extrasensory perception, particularly surrounding methodological flaws. (wikipedia.org)
Feather is seeking accounts of possible extrasensory perception related to military service. (angelfire.com)
With inspiration from the Olives' story, Dr. Sally Rhine Feather, director of development for the Rhine Research Center in Durham, is seeking accounts of possible extrasensory perception related to military service. (angelfire.com)
The Oxford English Dictionary credits J.B. Rhine with coining the term extrasensory perception to describe the phenomenon. (angelfire.com)

Nevertheless, no matter how the phenomenon of perception is defined, we all have our own, and it's all we have. (angelfire.com)
Plant perception may refer to: Plant perception (physiology), the study of the physiologic mechanisms of plant perception and response to the environment Plant perception (paranormal), the study of emotion, polysomnography and paranormal phenomenon as applies to plants This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Plant perception. (wikipedia.org)

To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of categorical perception of signal-based colouration in a bird, with implications for understanding avian colour perception and signal evolution in general. (nature.com)

Philosophical interest in perception stems largely from questions about the sources and validity of what is called human knowledge (see epistemology ). (britannica.com)
Human beings have been interested in the perception of objects in space at least since antiquity. (britannica.com)
In fact, it's only the camera that can make an entire scene appear in focus…at one time, not human perception. (lynda.com)
Investigating human perception and identity by interpreting mythologies into music, film, dance, and immersive interactive media. (kickstarter.com)
Since it seems unlikely that the basic place theory for pitch perception can explain the extraordinary pitch resolution of the human ear, some sharpening mechanism must be operating. (gsu.edu)

Such fundamental philosophical assertions as the existence of a physical world, however, are taken for granted among most of those who study perception from a scientific perspective. (britannica.com)

Baugh, A. T., Akre, K. L. & Ryan, M. J. Categorical perception of a natural, multivariate signal: mating call recognition in túngara frogs. (nature.com)

[4] There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science , or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary. (wikipedia.org)

WASHINGTON (November 12, 2014)-A new survey by the Pew Research Center finds that Americans' perceptions of privacy are varied and reflect a wide array of concerns connected to government surveillance and commercial use of personal data. (pewinternet.org)
This report is the first in a series of studies that examine Americans' privacy perceptions and behaviors following the revelations about U.S. government surveillance programs by government contractor Edward Snowden that began in June of 2013. (pewinternet.org)

Perception may be thought of as the orientation of your internal state of mind. (urbandictionary.com)

Perception , in humans , the process whereby sensory stimulation is translated into organized experience. (britannica.com)
Space perception , process through which humans and other organisms become aware of the relative positions of their own bodies and objects around them. (britannica.com)

Perception™, also known as @ithinkthatway has a pretty strong presence on Twitter and is ranked by us in the 60% percentile for account strength. (twittercounter.com)
Active on Twitter since May 2010, Perception™ made it to having a whopping 3,784,826 Twitter followers and to being ranked 236 for number of followers among all Twitter users. (twittercounter.com)
It seems like Perception™ doesn't have a very wide-reaching attentiveness to their posts on Twitter, with an audience attentiveness score of 20%, which stems from being tracked on 5,413 Twitter lists and normalized to their 3,784,826 followers. (twittercounter.com)
You can see how many followers Perception™ lost or gained and what the prediction is for tomorrow or the next 15 days, together with all kinds of other stats like rank compared to all Twitter users, tweets etc. (twittercounter.com)
Or if you are Perception™ get even more feature rich & up-to-date stats with our premium Twitter Stats . (twittercounter.com)

2) processing which is connected with a person's concepts and expectations (or knowledge), restorative and selective mechanisms (such as attention ) that influence perception. (wikipedia.org)
[6] Sensory neuroscience studies the neural mechanisms underlying perception. (wikipedia.org)
The process that follows connects a person's concepts and expectations (or knowledge), restorative and selective mechanisms (such as attention) that influence perception. (wikipedia.org)

b]rands, like companies, evolve continuously both in perception and presentation. (angelfire.com)
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is a cognitive disorder in which individuals continuously re-experience visual and other hallucinations first experienced while intoxicated. (psychologytoday.com)

Perception Point, a 360-degree Prevention as a Service company offering fast interception of any content-based attack across email and all. (prnewswire.com)
Perception Point, a leading cybersecurity firm preventing file, URL, and social-engineering based attacks in any content-exchange channel, today. (prnewswire.com)
Perception Point, a leading cybersecurity firm that protects content-exchange channels from file and URL based attacks, today announced that it has. (prnewswire.com)
Perception Point, a cybersecurity firm that prevents attacks in any content-exchange channel, today announced the launch of an Advanced Shared Drive. (prnewswire.com)
Whereas the former research generally focused on the cognitive processes involved in forming impressions of individuals, research on group perception examined the content of stereotypes and the conditions under which they are used in social judgment. (google.com)

Much contemporary research in perception is directed toward inferring specific features of brain function from such behaviour as the reports ( introspections ) people give of their sensory experiences. (britannica.com)
Although modern research fails to verify Berkeley's emphasis on reason as central to perception, contemporary theories still include both nativistic (inborn) and empirical (learned through experience) considerations. (britannica.com)
Fire Protection Research Foundation looks at stakeholder perceptions of home fire sprinklers. (nfpa.org)
The report, "Stakeholder Perceptions of Home Fire Sprinklers," was commissioned by the Fire Protection Research Foundation and is based on market research, conducted by Newport Partners, that focuses on homeowners, local government officials, and water purveyors. (nfpa.org)
Chemosensory Perception publishes original research, original data reports (such as GC-O spectra, or gene deorphanization results), and review papers covering the connection between chemical, sensory, and neurological sciences. (springer.com)
Open Perception is founded by a global community of researchers and engineers for the benefit of the industrial and research 3D perception communities. (willowgarage.com)

The first problem is to analyze the physiological basis for this spatial perception or, as it is expressed, the projection of the retina into space. (britannica.com)

It's important to be conscious of your perception, because if you're not, someone else will create it for you. (lifehack.org)

That?s just a call for a transformation of perception from the negative way of looking at things, to a positive way of dealing with them. (angelfire.com)

People could not orient themselves to their environments , however, unless the environmental information reaching them through the various sense organs offered a perception of space that corresponds to their physical "reality. (britannica.com)
If you bring them all together, it's like bringing people with abnormal perceptions together, and they're not necessarily going to click. (psychcentral.com)
Psychologist Jerome Bruner developed a model of perception, in which people put "together the information contained in" a target and a situation to form "perceptions of ourselves and others based on social categories. (wikipedia.org)

The audio was helpful, too, because it showed his perceptions of what the airplane was doing in the moment matched the reality of what was taking place where the rubber met the runway. (aopa.org)
Focus your perception on creating a new reality, one where you are in charge of the story. (lifehack.org)
Everything begins with a decision - decide now to be in charge of your own perception of reality. (lifehack.org)
POLITICO, in partnership with Google and the Tory Burch Foundation, kicked off the 2014 Women Rule series with How Women Run: Power, Perception and Reality. (politico.com)

Perception is not only the passive receipt of these signals, but it's also shaped by the recipient's learning , memory , expectation , and attention . (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy10

Diseases8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Psychiatry and Psychology122

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena31

Humanities5

Information Science9

Named Groups18

Health Care56

Geographicals1

Effects of duodenal distension on antropyloroduodenal pressures and perception are modified by hyperglycemia. (1/2885)

Physiological changes in blood glucose do not affect gastric compliance and perception in normal subjects. (2/2885)

The impact of genetic counselling on risk perception and mental health in women with a family history of breast cancer. (3/2885)

Teenage mothers and their peers: a research challenge. (4/2885)

Abbreviated measures of food sufficiency validly estimate the food security level of poor households: measuring household food security. (5/2885)

Subjective perception of body sway. (6/2885)

Understanding lay perspectives: care options for STD treatment in Lusaka, Zambia. (7/2885)

Planning with PRA: HIV and STD in a Nepalese mountain community. (8/2885)

Perception

Visual Perception

Motion Perception

Social Perception

Speech Perception

Depth Perception

Auditory Perception

Form Perception

Pain Perception

Time Perception

Pitch Perception

Taste Perception

Space Perception

Touch Perception

Size Perception

Color Perception

Photic Stimulation

Olfactory Perception

Questionnaires

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice

Attitude to Health

Attitude of Health Personnel

Weight Perception

Illusions

Sensory Thresholds

Discrimination (Psychology)

Optical Illusions

Music

Attitude

Focus Groups

Cues

Orientation

Acoustic Stimulation

Qualitative Research

Vision Disparity

Perceptual Disorders

Self Concept

Phonetics

Vision, Binocular

Cochlear Implants

Public Opinion

Contrast Sensitivity

Patient Satisfaction

Interviews as Topic

Cross-Sectional Studies

Attention

Awareness

Sensation

Touch

Judgment

Perceptual Masking

Reaction Time

Emotions

Visual Cortex

Noise

Perceptual Distortion

Analysis of Variance

Loudness Perception

Physician-Patient Relations

Models, Psychological

Facial Expression

Pitch Discrimination

Culture

Psychomotor Performance

Lighting

Speech

Psychoacoustics

Body Image

Data Collection

Parents

Eye Movements

Decision Making

Taste

Speech Acoustics

Sound Spectrography

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Time Factors

Communication

Visual Pathways

Physicians