Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Peptide Fragments
Peptide Library
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
Small cationic peptides that are an important component, in most species, of early innate and induced defenses against invading microbes. In animals they are found on mucosal surfaces, within phagocytic granules, and on the surface of the body. They are also found in insects and plants. Among others, this group includes the DEFENSINS, protegrins, tachyplesins, and thionins. They displace DIVALENT CATIONS from phosphate groups of MEMBRANE LIPIDS leading to disruption of the membrane.
Peptides, Cyclic
Peptide Mapping
Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.
Amino Acid Sequence
Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
Calcitonin gene-related peptide. A 37-amino acid peptide derived from the calcitonin gene. It occurs as a result of alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene. The neuropeptide is widely distributed in neural tissue of the brain, gut, perivascular nerves, and other tissue. The peptide produces multiple biological effects and has both circulatory and neurotransmitter modes of action. In particular, it is a potent endogenous vasodilator.
Cell-Penetrating Peptides
Protein Binding
Peptide Biosynthesis
The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of proteins on RIBOSOMES following an RNA template is termed translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC). There are other, non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT) mechanisms carried out by PEPTIDE SYNTHASES and PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASES. Further modifications of peptide chains yield functional peptide and protein molecules.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Peptide YY
Peptide Nucleic Acids
DNA analogs containing neutral amide backbone linkages composed of aminoethyl glycine units instead of the usual phosphodiester linkage of deoxyribose groups. Peptide nucleic acids have high biological stability and higher affinity for complementary DNA or RNA sequences than analogous DNA oligomers.
Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type
A PEPTIDE of 22 amino acids, derived mainly from cells of VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM. It is also found in the BRAIN, major endocrine glands, and other tissues. It shares structural homology with ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR. It has vasorelaxant activity thus is important in the regulation of vascular tone and blood flow. Several high molecular weight forms containing the 22 amino acids have been identified.
Natriuretic Peptides
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Models, Molecular
Binding Sites
Gastrin-Releasing Peptide
Protein Structure, Secondary
Receptors, Formyl Peptide
A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that was originally identified by its ability to bind N-formyl peptides such as N-FORMYLMETHIONINE LEUCYL-PHENYLALANINE. Since N-formyl peptides are found in MITOCHONDRIA and BACTERIA, this class of receptors is believed to play a role in mediating cellular responses to cellular damage and bacterial invasion. However, non-formylated peptide ligands have also been found for this receptor class.
Peptide PHI
A 27-amino acid peptide with histidine at the N-terminal and isoleucine amide at the C-terminal. The exact amino acid composition of the peptide is species dependent. The peptide is secreted in the intestine, but is found in the nervous system, many organs, and in the majority of peripheral tissues. It has a wide range of biological actions, affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and central nervous systems.
Peptide Synthases
Peptide Hydrolases
Receptors, Peptide
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Atrial Natriuretic Factor
Base Sequence
Mass Spectrometry
Structure-Activity Relationship
Trypsin
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Amino Acids
Opioid Peptides
The endogenous peptides with opiate-like activity. The three major classes currently recognized are the ENKEPHALINS, the DYNORPHINS, and the ENDORPHINS. Each of these families derives from different precursors, proenkephalin, prodynorphin, and PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN, respectively. There are also at least three classes of OPIOID RECEPTORS, but the peptide families do not map to the receptors in a simple way.
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Proteins and peptides that are involved in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION within the cell. Included here are peptides and proteins that regulate the activity of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and cellular processes in response to signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. Intracellular signaling peptide and proteins may be part of an enzymatic signaling cascade or act through binding to and modifying the action of other signaling factors.
Peptide Hormones
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
Cloning, Molecular
Substrate Specificity
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.
Molecular Mimicry
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Aptamers, Peptide
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Cells, Cultured
Cattle
Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Binding, Competitive
Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor
Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
Salivary Proteins and Peptides
Amyloid beta-Peptides
Peptides generated from AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES PRECURSOR. An amyloid fibrillar form of these peptides is the major component of amyloid plaques found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and in aged individuals with trisomy 21 (DOWN SYNDROME). The peptide is found predominantly in the nervous system, but there have been reports of its presence in non-neural tissue.
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Antigen Presentation
The process by which antigen is presented to lymphocytes in a form they can recognize. This is performed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Some antigens require processing before they can be recognized. Antigen processing consists of ingestion and partial digestion of the antigen by the APC, followed by presentation of fragments on the cell surface. (From Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989)
Melitten
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.
Cell Membrane
Epitope Mapping
Glucagon-Like Peptides
Peptides derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of pancreatic GLUCAGON. Despite expression of proglucagon in multiple tissues, the major production site of glucagon-like peptides (GLPs) is the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLPs include glucagon-like peptide 1, glucagon-like peptide 2, and the various truncated forms.
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Defensins
Cyanogen Bromide
Magainins
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.
Amino Acid Motifs
HLA-A2 Antigen
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Lipid Bilayers
Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
Cell surface proteins that bind CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. CGRP receptors are present in both the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and the periphery. They are formed via the heterodimerization of the CALCITONIN RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN and RECEPTOR ACTIVITY-MODIFYING PROTEIN 1.
Rabbits
Cathelicidins
Antimicrobial cationic peptides with a highly conserved amino terminal cathelin-like domain and a more variable carboxy terminal domain. They are initially synthesized as preproproteins and then cleaved. They are expressed in many tissues of humans and localized to EPITHELIAL CELLS. They kill nonviral pathogens by forming pores in membranes.
Membrane Proteins
Endopeptidases
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
A mass spectrometry technique using two (MS/MS) or more mass analyzers. With two in tandem, the precursor ions are mass-selected by a first mass analyzer, and focused into a collision region where they are then fragmented into product ions which are then characterized by a second mass analyzer. A variety of techniques are used to separate the compounds, ionize them, and introduce them to the first mass analyzer. For example, for in GC-MS/MS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY is involved in separating relatively small compounds by GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY prior to injecting them into an ionization chamber for the mass selection.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Sequence Analysis, Protein
Mutation
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Carrier Proteins
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Drug Design
The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include pharmacokinetics, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.
Anti-Infective Agents
HLA-A Antigens
Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.
Immunodominant Epitopes
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Endorphins
One of the three major groups of endogenous opioid peptides. They are large peptides derived from the PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN precursor. The known members of this group are alpha-, beta-, and gamma-endorphin. The term endorphin is also sometimes used to refer to all opioid peptides, but the narrower sense is used here; OPIOID PEPTIDES is used for the broader group.
Phosphorylation
DNA, Complementary
Serine Endopeptidases
Bombesin
Molecular Structure
Vaccines, Subunit
Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
Receptors, Bombesin
Chromatography, Gel
Cross Reactions
Gastrointestinal Hormones
Models, Chemical
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.
Amino Acid Substitution
The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.
Antibodies
Liposomes
Transfection
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Cricetinae
Proline
Disulfides
Blotting, Western
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Thermodynamics
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
Crystallography, X-Ray
Peptide Biosynthesis, Nucleic Acid-Independent
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid
Peptide T
N-(N-(N(2)-(N-(N-(N-(N-D-Alanyl L-seryl)-L-threonyl)-L-threonyl) L-threonyl)-L-asparaginyl)-L-tyrosyl) L-threonine. Octapeptide sharing sequence homology with HIV envelope protein gp120. It is potentially useful as antiviral agent in AIDS therapy. The core pentapeptide sequence, TTNYT, consisting of amino acids 4-8 in peptide T, is the HIV envelope sequence required for attachment to the CD4 receptor.
Antibody Specificity
Invertebrate Hormones
Tumor Cells, Cultured
alpha-Defensins
Radioimmunoassay
Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.
Mice, Transgenic
Hemolysis
Bacteriocins
Temperature
Gene Expression
Chromatography, Affinity
Protein Engineering
Procedures by which protein structure and function are changed or created in vitro by altering existing or synthesizing new structural genes that direct the synthesis of proteins with sought-after properties. Such procedures may include the design of MOLECULAR MODELS of proteins using COMPUTER GRAPHICS or other molecular modeling techniques; site-specific mutagenesis (MUTAGENESIS, SITE-SPECIFIC) of existing genes; and DIRECTED MOLECULAR EVOLUTION techniques to create new genes.
Solubility
Antigens, Neoplasm
Amyloid
A fibrous protein complex that consists of proteins folded into a specific cross beta-pleated sheet structure. This fibrillar structure has been found as an alternative folding pattern for a variety of functional proteins. Deposits of amyloid in the form of AMYLOID PLAQUES are associated with a variety of degenerative diseases. The amyloid structure has also been found in a number of functional proteins that are unrelated to disease.
Swine
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
CHO Cells
Enkephalins
Adrenomedullin
A 52-amino acid peptide with multi-functions. It was originally isolated from PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and ADRENAL MEDULLA but is widely distributed throughout the body including lung and kidney tissues. Besides controlling fluid-electrolyte homeostasis, adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator and can inhibit pituitary ACTH secretion.
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Glycopeptides
Substance P
Isotope Labeling
Protease Inhibitors
Trifluoroethanol
Hydrogen Bonding
Autoantigens
Receptors, Cell Surface
Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.
Chromatography, Ion Exchange
Surface Plasmon Resonance
A biosensing technique in which biomolecules capable of binding to specific analytes or ligands are first immobilized on one side of a metallic film. Light is then focused on the opposite side of the film to excite the surface plasmons, that is, the oscillations of free electrons propagating along the film's surface. The refractive index of light reflecting off this surface is measured. When the immobilized biomolecules are bound by their ligands, an alteration in surface plasmons on the opposite side of the film is created which is directly proportional to the change in bound, or adsorbed, mass. Binding is measured by changes in the refractive index. The technique is used to study biomolecular interactions, such as antigen-antibody binding.
Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Alamethicin
Phosphatidylglycerols
DNA Primers
Neuropeptide Y
A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Glycoproteins
Enzyme Activation
FMRFamide
Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques
Solutions
Cross-Linking Reagents
Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.
Protein Transport
Dimerization
Biological Transport
Micelles
Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS.
Role of endothelin in the increased vascular tone of patients with essential hypertension. (1/3908)
We investigated the possible role of endothelin in the increased vasoconstrictor tone of hypertensive patients using antagonists of endothelin receptors. Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses (strain-gauge plethysmography) to intraarterial infusion of blockers of endothelin-A (ETA) (BQ-123) and endothelin-B (ETB) (BQ-788) receptors, separately and in combination, were measured in hypertensive patients and normotensive control subjects. In healthy subjects, BQ-123 alone or in combination with BQ-788 did not significantly modify FBF (P=0.78 and P=0.63, respectively). In hypertensive patients, in contrast, BQ-123 increased FBF by 33+/-7% (P<0.001 versus baseline), and the combination of BQ-123 and BQ-788 resulted in a greater vasodilator response (63+/-12%; P=0.006 versus BQ-123 alone in the same subjects). BQ-788 produced a divergent vasoactive effect in the two groups, with a decrease of FBF (17+/-5%; P=0.004 versus baseline) in control subjects and transient vasodilation (15+/-7% after 20 minutes) in hypertensive patients (P<0.001, hypertensives versus controls). The vasoconstrictor response to endothelin-1 was slightly higher (P=0.04) in hypertensive patients (46+/-4%) than in control subjects (32+/-4%). Our data indicate that patients with essential hypertension have increased vascular endothelin activity, which may be of pathophysiological relevance to their increased vascular tone. In these patients, nonselective ETA and ETB blockade seems to produce a greater vasodilator effect than selective ETA blockade. (+info)Evidence for conservation of the vasopressin/oxytocin superfamily in Annelida. (2/3908)
Annetocin is a structurally and functionally oxytocin-related peptide isolated from the earthworm Eisenia foetida. We present the characterization of the annetocin cDNA. Sequence analyses of the deduced precursor polypeptide revealed that the annetocin precursor is composed of three segments: a signal peptide, an annetocin sequence flanked by a Gly C-terminal amidation signal and a Lys-Arg dibasic processing site, and a neurophysin domain, similar to other oxytocin family precursors. The proannetocin showed 37.4-45.8% amino acid homology to other prohormones. In the neurophysin domain, 14 cysteines and amino acid residues essential for association of a neurophysin with a vasopressin/oxytocin superfamily peptide were conserved, suggesting that the Eisenia neurophysin can bind to annetocin. Furthermore, in situ hybridization experiments demonstrated that the annetocin gene is expressed exclusively in neurons of the central nervous system predicted to be involved in regulation of reproductive behavior. These findings confirm that annetocin is a member of the vasopressin/oxytocin superfamily. This is the first identification of the cDNA encoding the precursor of an invertebrate oxytocin-related peptide and also the first report of the identification of an annelid vasopressin/oxytocin-related precursor. (+info)Treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer with the long-acting somatostatin analogue lanreotide: in vitro and in vivo results. (3/3908)
Fourteen patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with the long-acting somatostatin (SST) analogue lanreotide. No objective response was obtained, and the median survival was 4 months (range 1.8-7 months). Pancreatic cancer could not be visualized by means of SST-receptor (R) scintigraphy in our patients. In vitro data also demonstrated absence of SSTR2 expression, suggesting pancreatic cancer not to be a potential target for treatment with SST analogues. (+info)Neuroprotection of the developing brain by systemic administration of vasoactive intestinal peptide derivatives. (4/3908)
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), a necrotic and often cystic lesion of the cerebral white matter occurring in very premature babies, is the leading cause of cerebral palsy in this population. Increased glutamate release and the excitotoxic cascade thus triggered may be critical factors in the development of PVL. The glutamatergic analog ibotenate injected intracerebrally into newborn mice produces white matter cysts that mimic human PVL. Concomitant injection of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a trophic factor, protects the white matter against excitotoxic lesions. The goal of the present study was to assess the protective properties of systemically injected VIP analogs against ibotenate-induced excitotoxic white matter lesions in newborn mice. VIP analogs were selected on the basis of their low susceptibility to endopeptidases and their potential ability to cross biological membranes. RO-25-1553, a long-lasting cyclic VIP analog, and stearyl-norleucine-VIP, a fatty derivative of VIP, reduced ibotenate-induced white matter cysts by up to 87% and 84%, respectively, when injected i.p. immediately after ibotenate. By comparison, i.p. coadministration of VIP and ibotenate was not protective against the excitotoxic insult. Furthermore, RO-25-1553 and stearyl-norleucine-VIP still induced significant neuroprotection of the developing white matter when injected systemically 8 and 12 h, respectively, after ibotenate, establishing these peptides as therapeutic agents in this murine model. VIP analogs may have therapeutic potential in human premature babies at high risk for PVL. (+info)Ultra-slow inactivation in mu1 Na+ channels is produced by a structural rearrangement of the outer vestibule. (5/3908)
While studying the adult rat skeletal muscle Na+ channel outer vestibule, we found that certain mutations of the lysine residue in the domain III P region at amino acid position 1237 of the alpha subunit, which is essential for the Na+ selectivity of the channel, produced substantial changes in the inactivation process. When skeletal muscle alpha subunits (micro1) with K1237 mutated to either serine (K1237S) or glutamic acid (K1237E) were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and depolarized for several minutes, the channels entered a state of inactivation from which recovery was very slow, i.e., the time constants of entry into and exit from this state were in the order of approximately 100 s. We refer to this process as "ultra-slow inactivation". By contrast, wild-type channels and channels with the charge-preserving mutation K1237R largely recovered within approximately 60 s, with only 20-30% of the current showing ultra-slow recovery. Coexpression of the rat brain beta1 subunit along with the K1237E alpha subunit tended to accelerate the faster components of recovery from inactivation, as has been reported previously of native channels, but had no effect on the mutation-induced ultra-slow inactivation. This implied that ultra-slow inactivation was a distinct process different from normal inactivation. Binding to the pore of a partially blocking peptide reduced the number of channels entering the ultra-slow inactivation state, possibly by interference with a structural rearrangement of the outer vestibule. Thus, ultra-slow inactivation, favored by charge-altering mutations at site 1237 in micro1 Na+ channels, may be analogous to C-type inactivation in Shaker K+ channels. (+info)Transcriptional down-regulation of the rabbit pulmonary artery endothelin B receptor during phenotypic modulation. (6/3908)
1. We confirmed that endothelium-independent contraction of the rabbit pulmonary artery (RPA) is mediated through both an endothelin A (ET(A)R) and endothelin B (ET(B2)R) receptor. 2. The response of endothelium-denuded RPA rings to endothelin-1 (ET-1, pD2 = 7.84 +/- 0.03) was only partially inhibited by BQ123 (10 microM), an ET(A)R antagonist. 3. Pretreatment with 1 nM sarafotoxin S6c (S6c), an ET(B)R agonist, desensitized the ET(B2)R and significantly attenuated the response to ET-3 (pD2 = 7.40 +/- 0.02 before, <6.50 after S6c). 4. Pretreatment with S6c had little effect on the response to ET-1, but BQ123 (10 microM) caused a parallel shift to the right of the residual ETAR-mediated response to ET-1 (pD2 = 7.84 +/- 0.03 before S6c, 7.93 +/- 0.03 after S6c, 6.81 +/- 0.05 after BQ123). 5. Binding of radiolabelled ET-1 to early passage cultures of RPA vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) displayed two patterns of competitive displacement characteristic of the ET(A)R (BQ123 pIC50 = 8.73 +/- 0.05) or ET(B2)R (S6c pIC50 = 10.15). 6. Competitive displacement experiments using membranes from late passage VSMC confirmed only the presence of the ET(A)R (ET-1 pIC50 = 9.3, BQ123 pIC50 = 8.0, S6c pIC50 < 6.0). 7. The ET(A)R was functionally active and coupled to rises in intracellular calcium which exhibited prolonged homologous desensitization. 8. Using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the rabbit ET(B2)R, we demonstrated the absence of mRNA expression in phenotypically modified VSMC. 9. We conclude that the ET(B2)R expressed by VSMC which mediates contraction of RPA is rapidly down-regulated at the transcriptional level during phenotypic modulation in vitro. (+info)Two affinities for a single antagonist at the neuronal NK1 tachykinin receptor: evidence from quantitation of receptor endocytosis. (7/3908)
1. In smooth muscle contractility assays, many NK1 receptor (NK1r) antagonists inhibit responses to the neurotransmitter, substance P (SP), and its analogue, septide, with markedly different potency, leading to the proposal that there is a septide-preferring receptor related to the NK1r. 2. We used fluorescence immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy to visualize agonist-induced NK1r endocytosis and analyse agonist/antagonist interactions at native NK1r in neurons of the myenteric plexus of guinea-pig ileum. 3. SP and septide gave sigmoid log concentration-response curves and were equipotent in inducing NK1r endocytosis. 4. The NK1r antagonists, CP-99994 (2S,3S)-3-(2-methoxybenzyl)amino-2-phenylpiperidine dihydrochloride and MEN-10581, cyclo(Leu,[CH2NH]Lys(benzyloxycarbonyl)-Gln-Trp-Phe-betaAla) were both more potent in inhibiting endocytosis (50 x and 8 x greater respectively) against septide than against SP. 5. The results suggest that SP and septide interact differently with the NK1r, and that a single antagonist can exhibit different affinities at a single NK1r population, depending on the agonist with which it competes. Thus it may not be necessary to posit a separate septide-preferring tachykinin receptor. (+info)The two-dimensional IR nonlinear spectroscopy of a cyclic penta-peptide in relation to its three-dimensional structure. (8/3908)
A form of two-dimensional (2D) vibrational spectroscopy, which uses two ultrafast IR laser pulses, is used to examine the structure of a cyclic penta-peptide in solution. Spectrally resolved cross peaks occur in the off-diagonal region of the 2D IR spectrum of the amide I region, analogous to those in 2D NMR spectroscopy. These cross peaks measure the coupling between the different amide groups in the structure. Their intensities and polarizations relate directly to the three-dimensional structure of the peptide. With the help of a model coupling Hamiltonian, supplemented by density functional calculations, the spectra of this penta-peptide can be regenerated from the known solution phase structure. This 2D-IR measurement, with an intrinsic time resolution of less than 1 ps, could be used in all time regimes of interest in biology. (+info)
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Cyclic Peptides Brochure
Cyanotoxin
Cyclic peptides[edit]. A peptide is a short polymer of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They have the same chemical ... Cyclic peptides Microcystins Liver Microcystis, Anabaena, Planktothrix (Oscillatoria), Nostoc, Hapalosiphon, Anabaenopsis ... In a cyclic peptide, the ends link to form a stable circular chain. In mammals this stability makes them resistant to the ... Of all the cyanotoxins, the cyclic peptides are of most concern to human health. The microcystins and nodularins poison the ...
2,5-Diketopiperazine
The 2,5-diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs) are the smallest possible cyclic peptides, which are peptidomimetic in nature and bear ... Prasad C (Dec 1995). "Bioactive cyclic dipeptides". Peptides. 16 (1): 151-164. doi:10.1016/0196-9781(94)00017-Z. PMID 7716068. ... It was first synthesized by Curtius and Gloebel in 1888 and was the first compound containing a peptide bond to be studied by X ... These cyclic dipeptides incorporate both donor and acceptor groups for hydrogen bonding and are small, conformationally ...
Amaninamide
... is a cyclic peptide. It is one of the amatoxins, all of which are found in several members of the mushroom genera ...
Vancomycin
Kohli RM, Walsh CT, Burkart MD (August 2002). "Biomimetic synthesis and optimization of cyclic peptide antibiotics". Nature. ... Nonribosomal peptide synthesis occurs through distinct modules that can load and extend the protein by one amino acid through ... The D-alanyl-D-serine variation causes a six-fold loss of affinity between vancomycin and the peptide, likely due to steric ... Crystal structure of a short peptide L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (bacterial cell wall precursor, in green) bound to vancomycin (blue) ...
Parvez Haris
I. Model studies using cyclic and linear peptides". University of Groningen. Retrieved 28 Jan 2021. "Largest study widens rice ... Some of Haris notable publications: The conformational analysis of peptides using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy FTIR ...
Jean Thomas (biochemist)
Her thesis was on Hydroxyl-carbonyl interaction in cyclic peptides and depsipeptides. After her Ph.D. in 1967, Thomas remained ... Hydroxyl-carbonyl interaction in cyclic peptides and depsipeptides. jisc.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University College of Swansea. ...
Amanin
... is a cyclic peptide. It is one of the amatoxins, all of which are found in several members of the mushroom genus Amanita ...
Amanullin
... is a cyclic peptide. It is an amatoxin, all of which are found in several members of the mushroom genus Amanita. The ...
Epsilon-Amanitin
... or ε-amanitin is a cyclic peptide. It is an amatoxin, all of which are found in several members of the ...
Virotoxins
Faulstich, H; Buku, A; Bodenmüller, H; Wieland, T (8 July 1980). "Virotoxins: actin-binding cyclic peptides of Amanita virosa ... Virotoxins are monocyclic peptides formed by at least five different compounds: alaviroidin, viroisin, deoxoviroisin, viroidin ... Wong, Jack Ho (2013). "Fungal Toxins". In Kastin, Abba J. (ed.). The handbook of biologically active peptides Chapter 25-Fungal ... doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-385095-9.00025-7. ISBN 978-012385095-9. LORANGER, A (December 1985). "Toxicity of peptides of Amanita ...
EGLN1
"Non-competitive cyclic peptides for targeting enzyme-substrate complexes". Chem Sci. 9 (20): 4569-4578. doi:10.1039/C8SC00286J ... A recent study found a second peptide binding site on PHD2 although peptide binding to this alternative site did not seem to ... X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy showed that both peptides bind to the same binding site on PHD2, in a cleft on the ... Substrate analog peptides have also been developed to exhibit inhibitory selectivity for PHD2 over factor inhibiting HIF (FIH ...
Patellamide A
In, Y.; Doi, M.; Inoue, M.; Ishida, T. (1994). "Patellamide A, a cytotoxic cyclic peptide from the ascidian Lissoclinum patella ... Degnan, B.; Hawkins, C.; Lavin, M.; Mccaffrey, E.; Parry, D.; Vandenbrenk, A.; Watters D. (1989). "New cyclic peptides with ... Patellamide A is one of many didemnid peptides. Other closely related peptides include patellamides B, C, and D and trunkamide ... forming the two cyclic peptides, patellamides A and C. Although all the amino acids used in the production of patellamide A are ...
Pristinamycin IA
... (Mikamycin B) is an antibiotic cyclic peptide. It is a member of the streptogramin B group of antibiotics and ...
Proamanullin
Promanullin is a cyclic nonribosomal peptide. It is an amatoxin, all of which are found in the mushroom genus Amanita. Like ...
Mycobacillin
... is an antifungal cyclic peptide. It was first isolated in 1958 from the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. Banerjee, A. B ...
Foldamer
... a quality unique to peptides containing cyclic β-amino acids. Nucleotidomimetics do not generally qualify as foldamers. Most ... The largest groups of peptidomimetic consist of β - peptides, γ - peptides and δ - peptides, and the possible monomeric ... β-peptides are composed of amino acids containing an additional CH 2 unit between the amine and carboxylic acid. They are more ... The amino acids of these peptides only differ by one (β), two (γ) or three (δ) methylene carbons, yet the structural changes ...
Xenortide
Lang, Gerhard; Kalvelage, Tim; Peters, Arne; Wiese, Jutta; Imhoff, Johannes F. (2008-06-01). "Linear and Cyclic Peptides from ... The biosynthesis of xenortides A-D consists of two non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPS) coded by genes XndA and XndB, as well ... The xenortides (A-D) are a class of linear peptides isolated from the bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila, a symbiont of the ... as well as the final condensation of the enzyme-bound peptide with either decarboxylated phenylalanine (xenortides A and C) or ...
Mixed-mode chromatography
"Hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography for separation of cyclic peptides". Journal of Chromatography A. 816 (1 ... D.R. Nau, in: M.T.W. Hearn (Ed.), HPLC of Proteins, Peptides and Polynucleotides: Contemporary Topics and Applications, VCH ... in the analysis of peptides, which became one of the most efficient technique in proteomics afterwards. In 2009, Geng's group ... stronger separation power and wider range of applications compared to RPLC for peptide separations. Hydrophobic interactions in ...
Supramolecular polymer
"Self-assembling organic nanotubes based on a cyclic peptide architecture". Nature. 366 (6453): 324-327. doi:10.1038/366324a0. ... In 1993, M. Reza Ghadiri reported a nanotubular supramolecular polymer where a b-sheet-forming macrocyclic peptide monomer ... Qian, Hai; Guo, Dong‐Sheng; Liu, Yu (2012-03-08). "Cucurbituril‐Modulated Supramolecular Assemblies: From Cyclic Oligomers to ... materials prepared from one-dimensional assemblies of molecular stacking motifs as in the case of peptide amphiphiles ...
Viscumamide
... is a cyclic peptide isolated from endophytic fungi of mangrove. Guo, ZY; Huang, ZJ; Wen, L; Wan, Q; Liu, F; She, ZG ... "The metabolites of cyclic peptides from three endophytic mangrove fungi". Zhong Yao Cai. 30 (12): 1526-9. PMID 18422185. v t e ...
Aciculitin
... s are antifungal cyclic peptides isolated from a marine sponge. There are 3 Aciculitins that are isolated from the ... Cytotoxic and Antifungal Cyclic Peptides from the Lithistid Sponge Aciculites orientalis". Journal of the American Chemical ... Antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrates as a new frontier for microbial infection control Bewley, Carole A; He, Haiyin ...
Cyclochlorotine
Chemically, it is a dichlorinated cyclic peptide. Structurally, the only thing that differentiates cyclochlorotine from the ... chlorinated cyclic peptides from Penicillium islandicum". J. Nat. Prod. 71 (7): 1297-1300. doi:10.1021/np800150m. PMID 18558744 ... "The cyclochlorotine mycotoxin is produced by the nonribosomal peptide synthetase CctN in Talaromyces islandicus ('Penicillium ... "The cyclochlorotine mycotoxin is produced by the nonribosomal peptide synthetase CctN in Taralomyces islandicus ( ' Penicillium ...
Amanullinic acid
... is a cyclic nonribosomal peptide. It is an amatoxin, all of which are found in several members of the mushroom ...
BQ-123
... , also known as cyclo(-D-Trp-D-Asp-Pro-D-Val-Leu-), is a cyclic pentapeptide that was first isolated from a fermentation ... International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research. 43 (5): 454-62. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.1994.tb00544.x. PMID 8070969. ... May 1992). "Cyclic pentapeptide endothelin antagonists with high ETA selectivity. Potency- and solubility-enhancing ... Bean JW, Peishoff CE, Kopple KD (September 1994). "Conformations of cyclic pentapeptide endothelin receptor antagonists". ...
Immunosuppressive drug
It is a cyclic fungal peptide, composed of 11 amino acids. Ciclosporin is thought to bind to the cytosolic protein cyclophilin ...
Neutron capture therapy of cancer
Boronated cyclic peptides. Dodecaborate cluster lipids and cholesterol derivatives Boronated DNAc intercalators. Dodecahydro- ...
Alpha-Amanitin
... or α-amanitin is a cyclic peptide of eight amino acids. It is possibly the most deadly of all the amatoxins, ... Unlike most cyclic peptides, amatoxins (and phallotoxins) are synthesized on ribosomes. The genes encoding the proprotein for α ... Walton J (9 May 2018). The cyclic peptide toxins of Amanita and other poisonous mushrooms. Cham, Switzerland. ISBN 978-3-319- ... The outer loop is formed by peptide bonds between a carboxyl terminus of an amino acid to the subsequent amino terminus of the ...
Phalloidin
"Ribosomal biosynthesis of the cyclic peptide toxins of Amanita mushrooms". Peptide Science. 94 (5): 659-664. doi:10.1002/bip. ... Phalloidin was one of the first cyclic peptides to be discovered. It was isolated from the death cap mushroom and crystallized ... After translation, the peptide must be proteolyticly excised, cyclized, hydroxylated, Trp-Cys cross-linked to form ... Essentially, it follows typical small peptide synthesis, using hydroxyl-proline. The major difficulty in synthesis is the ...
Vancomycin
Kohli RM, Walsh CT, Burkart MD (August 2002). "Biomimetic synthesis and optimization of cyclic peptide antibiotics". Nature. ... The three peptide syntheses are located at the start of the region of the bacterial genome linked with antibiotic biosynthesis ... Nonribosomal peptide synthesis occurs through distinct modules that can load and extend the protein by one amino acid per ... The D-alanyl-D-serine variation causes a six-fold loss of affinity between vancomycin and the peptide, likely due to steric ...
Tyrocidine
Kohli RM, Walsh CT, Burkart MD (August 2002). "Biomimetic synthesis and optimization of cyclic peptide antibiotics". Nature. ... providing a powerful route to new cyclic compounds. In order for this macrocyclization to occur, the peptide chain must be ... Use of solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) allowed the incorporation of a diverse array of monomers into the peptide chain. ... Elongation of the peptide chain is achieved through condensation of the upstream PCP onto an adjacent downstream PCP-bound ...
Acne
The use of antimicrobial peptides against C. acnes is under investigation as a treatment for acne to overcoming antibiotic ... and a cyclic worsening of the affected person's anxiety about their appearance.[61] Rare complications from acne or its ... sebaceous gland cells produce more antimicrobial peptides, such as HBD1 and HBD2, in response to the binding of TLR2 and TLR4.[ ...
Oxazoline
Kobayashi, Shiro; Uyama, Hiroshi (15 January 2002). "Polymerization of cyclic imino ethers: From its discovery to the present ... These are polyamides and can be regarded as analogues of peptides; they have numerous potential applications[28] and have ...
Receptor (biochemistry)
cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels. cGMP (vision), cAMP and cGTP (olfaction). Na+, K+ [11]. ... site for larger peptide ligands is usually located in the extracellular domain whereas the binding site for smaller non-peptide ... and can be a protein or peptide (short protein), or another small molecule such as a neurotransmitter, hormone, pharmaceutical ...
White blood cell
These cells have T-cell receptors and CD4 molecules that, in combination, bind antigenic peptides presented on major ... Intrinsic disorders - Fanconi's, Kostmann's, cyclic neutropenia, Chédiak-Higashi. *Immune dysfunction - disorders of collagen, ...
Protecting group
A common example for this application, the Fmoc-peptide synthesis, in which peptides are grown in solution and on solid phase ... Normally, the cleavage of acyclic acetals is easier than of cyclic acetals. ... Chan, Weng C.; White, Peter D. (2004). Fmoc Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-963724-5.. ... The technique was introduced in the field of peptide synthesis by Robert Bruce Merrifield in 1977.[7] As a proof of concept ...
RNA world
Peptide bond formation. The ability to catalyse the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to produce short peptides or ... The Sutherland group's 2009 paper also highlighted the possibility for the photo-sanitization of the pyrimidine-2',3'-cyclic ... A candidate nucleic acid is peptide nucleic acid (PNA), which uses simple peptide bonds to link nucleobases.[89] PNA is more ... from peptides) and a RNA (from nucleotides). In this Peptide-RNA World scenario, RNA would have contained the instructions for ...
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
cellular response to organic cyclic compound. • positive regulation of fever generation. • extracellular matrix organization. • ... Signaling peptide/protein receptor modulators. Cytokine receptor modulators. *. Biology portal. *. Medicine portal ...
Гольберг, Дмитрий Викторович - Википедия
K.E. Moore, O. Cretu, M. Mitome, D. Golberg : «In situ cyclic telescoping of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a transmission ... Z. Gao, C. Zhi, Y. Bando, D. Golberg and T. Serizawa : «Isolation of Individual Boron Nitride Nanotubes via Peptide Wrapping» J ...
AKR1B1
cellular response to peptide. • daunorubicin metabolic process. • doxorubicin metabolic process. • maternal process involved in ... "Decreased expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated aldose reductase (AKR1B1) is associated with malignancy in ...
Proteiinkinaasid - Vikipeedia
Bogoyevitch, MA, Barr, RK, Ketterman, AJ (2005). "Peptide inhibitors of protein kinases-discovery, characterisation and use". ... "Crystal structure of the catalytic subunit of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase". Science 253 (5018): 407 ...
Peptide
All peptides except cyclic peptides have an N-terminal and C-terminal residue at the end of the peptide (as shown for the ... fungal peptides, invertebrate peptides, amphibian/skin peptides, venom peptides, cancer/anticancer peptides, vaccine peptides ... cardiovascular peptides, renal peptides, respiratory peptides, opiate peptides, neurotrophic peptides, and blood-brain peptides ... immune/inflammatory peptides, brain peptides, endocrine peptides, ingestive peptides, gastrointestinal peptides, ...
GTP cyclohydrolase II
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically ... in cyclic amidines. The systematic name of this enzyme class is GTP 7,8-8,9-dihydrolase (diphosphate-forming). Other names in ...
Pinealocyte
AANAT is activated through a protein kinase A system in which cyclic AMP (cAMP) is involved. The activation of AANAT leads to ... a peptide which affects pCREB transcription, have a resulting increase in melatonin synthesis. ... "Molecular Cellular Mechanisms of Peptide Regulation of Melatonin Synthesis in Pinealocyte Culture". Bulletin of Experimental ...
Crustacean cardioactive peptide
... (CCAP) is a highly conserved, amidated cyclic nonapeptide with the primary structure PFCNAFTGC- ... R. Nichols; S. Kaminski; E. Walling; E. Zornik (1999). "Regulating the activity of a cardioacceleratory peptide". Peptides. 20 ... The peptide stimulates the contraction of the oviducts and spermatheca. There is no CCAP or CCAP-like immunoreactivity shown in ... It was assumed that this was the peptide's main function and its name reflects this. As well as C. maenas, CCAP has ...
GTP-binding protein regulators
3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase. *Protein kinase G. *G alpha subunit Gα *GNAO1 ...
Succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically ... 3.5.4: Cyclic amidines/. Aminohydrolases. *Guanine deaminase. *Adenosine deaminase. *AMP deaminase. *Inosine monophosphate ...
Meir Wilchek
Wilchek, M. (1972). "Purification of the heme peptide of cytochrome c by affinity chromatography". Anal. Biochem. 49 (2): 572- ... Wilchek, M., Salomon, Y., Lowe, M., and Selinger, Z. (1971). "Conversion of protein kinase to a cyclic AMP independent form by ... Zioudrou, C., Wilchek, M., and Patchornik, A. (1965). "Conversion of the L-serine residue to an L-cysteine residue in peptides ... Edelhoch, H., Brand, L., Wilchek, M. (1967). "Fluorescence studies with tryptophyl peptides". Biochemistry. 6 (2): 547-559. doi ...
CCK-4
Cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4, Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2) is a peptide fragment derived from the larger peptide hormone ... "Structure-based design of new constrained cyclic agonists of the cholecystokinin CCK-B receptor". Journal of Medicinal ... García-López MT, González-Muñiz R, Martín-Martínez M, Herranz R (2007). "Strategies for design of non peptide CCK1R agonist/ ... Kalindjian SB, McDonald IM (2007). "Strategies for the design of non-peptide CCK2 receptor agonist and antagonist ligand". ...
Amanita phalloides
"Expansion and diversification of the MSDIN family of cyclic peptide genes in the poisonous agarics Amanita phalloides and A. ... The species is now known to contain two main groups of toxins, both multicyclic (ring-shaped) peptides, spread throughout the ... The phallotoxins consist of at least seven compounds, all of which have seven similar peptide rings. Phalloidin was isolated in ... Another group of minor active peptides are the virotoxins, which consist of six similar monocyclic heptapeptides.[68] Like the ...
Lipopeptide
A lipopeptide is a molecule consisting of a lipid connected to a peptide.[1] Bacteria express these molecules. They are able to ... "Self-Assembly of the Cyclic Lipopeptide Daptomycin: Spherical Micelle Formation Does Not Depend on the Presence of Calcium ... Giuliani A, Pirri G, Nicoletto S (2007). "Antimicrobial peptides: an overview of a promising class of therapeutics". Cent. Eur ... Zhang S, Corin K (2018). "Peptide surfactants in membrane protein purification and stabilization". In Koutsopoulos S (ed.). ...
Secretion
Type I secretion is also involved in export of non-proteinaceous substrates like cyclic β-glucans and polysaccharides. ... The molecules secreted vary in size from the small Escherichia coli peptide colicin V, (10 kDa) to the Pseudomonas fluorescens ... allowing the rest of the peptide (the passenger domain) to reach the outside of the cell. Often, autotransporters are cleaved, ... which requires the presence of an N-terminal signal peptide on the secreted protein. Others are translocated across the ...
5-Methyluridine
The chemical compound 5-methyluridine, also called ribothymidine, is a pyrimidine nucleoside. It is the ribonucleoside counterpart to the deoxyribonucleoside thymidine, which lacks a hydroxyl group at the 2' position. 5-Methyluridine contains a thymine base joined to a ribose pentose sugar. It exists in solid form as small white crystals or white crystalline powder, has a molecular weight of 258.23 u, and has a melting point of 185 °C. The stability of 5-methyluridine under standard temperature and pressure (STP) is very high. ...
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins
The blue arrows represent the orientation of the N - H bond of selected peptide bonds. By determining the orientation of a ... which has no amide-hydrogen due to the cyclic nature of its backbone. Tryptophan and certain other residues with N-containing ... A challenging and special case of study regarding dynamics and flexibility of peptides and full-length proteins is represented ... that is build a list of resonances of the chemical shift of the peptide proton, the alpha protons and all the protons from each ...
Deoxyribozyme
... cyclic phosphate terminus and a 5'-hydroxyl terminus.[5][6] Ribonuclease deoxyribozymes typically undergo selection as long, ...
Organic chemistry
Peptide Synthesis. See also Peptide synthesis. Oligonucleotide Synthesis. See also Oligonucleotide synthesis. Carbohydrate ... For "conventional" cyclic compounds, aromaticity is conferred by the presence of 4n + 2 delocalized pi electrons, where n is an ... Some are long-chain biopolymers, and these include peptides, DNA, RNA and the polysaccharides such as starches in animals and ... The other main classes are amino acids (monomer building blocks of peptides and proteins), carbohydrates (which includes the ...
Gonadotropin
Signals triggered by binding to the receptor are relayed within the cells by the cyclic AMP second messenger system. ... LH and FSH are heterodimers consisting of two peptide chains, an alpha chain and a beta chain. LH and FSH share nearly ...
Aphthous stomatitis
Cyclic neutropenia. Nutritional deficiencies. IgA deficiency. Immunocompromised states, e.g. HIV/AIDS. Inflammatory bowel ... Persons with aphthous stomatitis also have circulating lymphocytes which react with peptides 91-105 of heat shock protein 65-60 ... In cyclic neutropenia, there is a reduction in the level of circulating neutrophils in the blood that occurs about every 21 ... In cyclic neutropenia, more severe oral ulceration occurs during periods of severe immuno-dysregulation, and resolution of the ...
Polyproline helix
The interconversion between the PPII and PPI helices involve the cis-trans peptide bond isomerization along the whole peptide ... Moreover, these atoms are both H-bond acceptors in proline; there is no H-bond donor due to the cyclic side chain. ... steric and electronic factors heavily favor the trans isomer in most other peptide bonds. However, peptide bonds that replace ... The poly-Pro I helix is much denser than the PPII helix due to the cis isomers of its peptide bonds. It is also rarer than the ...
GNB1
1xhm: The Crystal Structure of a Biologically Active Peptide (SIGK) Bound to a G Protein Beta:Gamma Heterodimer ... 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase. *Protein kinase G. *G alpha subunit Gα *GNAO1 ...
Nonproteinogenic deep mutational scanning of linear and cyclic peptides | PNAS
In the cyclic peptide CP2, R10 could be truncated to aliphatic side chains such as Nva without affecting affinity for KDM4A ( ... highly nonproteinogenic peptides; most notably, de novo macrocyclic peptides (22) from the random nonstandard peptide ... Nonproteinogenic deep mutational scanning of linear and cyclic peptides Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ... Nonproteinogenic deep mutational scanning of linear and cyclic peptides. Joseph M. Rogers, Toby Passioura, and Hiroaki Suga ...
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP) Antibody (IgG)
Phys.org - cyclic peptides
Insertion of the amino acid into bioactive peptides enhanced their binding affinity up to 40-fold. Peptides ... ... Small intestine permeable peptides facilitate digestive tract absorption. Because biopharmaceuticals are medium- and high- ... Swiss scientists have developed a new amino acid that can be used to modify the 3-D structure of therapeutic peptides. ...
Can small cyclic peptides have the activity and specificity of proteolytic enzymes? - PubMed - NCBI
Cyclic peptides for treating herpes infections - Bio-Mega/Boehringer Ingelheim Research Inc.
Disclosed herein are cyclic peptide derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is absent or the tripeptide radical ThrGly ... Cyclic peptide of example 1. 14.3. Cyclic peptide of example 2. 140. Cyclic peptide of example 3. 16. ... More specifically, the invention relates to cyclic peptide derivatives (hereinafter called "peptides" or "cyclic peptides") ... of the protected cyclic peptide to obtain the corresponding peptide of formula 1; and, if desired, transforming the peptide of ...
Cyclic peptide - Wikipedia
Cyclic peptides can be classified according to the types of bonds that comprise the ring. Homodetic cyclic peptides, such as ... Cyclic peptides in plants are synthesized via a two-step process; the translation of a linear peptide chain, and its subsequent ... Cyclic peptides tend to be extremely resistant to the process of digestion, making them of interest to scientist working on ... Cyclic peptides are polypeptide chains which contain a circular sequence of bonds. This can be through a connection between the ...
Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide, Plasma
Polar Hinges as Functionalized Conformational Constraints in (Bi)cyclic Peptides
Cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics as PPI inhibitors. *Polar hinges as scaffolds for the cyclization of peptides to yield ... cyclic Peptides, ChemBioChem, 2017, 18 (4), 387-395) as scaffolds for the cyclization of peptides, which in turn yielded ... In order to address this issue, we wish to devise larger biomolecular constructs, such as cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics ... His research interests include the application of peptides as pesticides, pharmaceuticals and tools for the development of ...
Oral activity of a nature-derived cyclic peptide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis | PNAS
Nbz-peptide was dissolved in the ligation buffer in 1 mM and the solution was stirred for 24 h. The cyclic peptide was purified ... Cyclic peptide for multiple sclerosis treatment. Kathrin Thell, Roland Hellinger, Emine Sahin, Paul Michenthaler, Markus Gold- ... Cyclic peptide for multiple sclerosis treatment. Kathrin Thell, Roland Hellinger, Emine Sahin, Paul Michenthaler, Markus Gold- ... Nbz-peptide). (4) Full deprotection and resin cleavage of the Nbz-peptide in one step (Ar, Aryl). Peptide cyclization (5a) via ...
Specifically designed cyclic peptide inhibitor shown to be active against SARS-CoV-2
... group from the University of California Irvine shows in vitro activity and non-toxicity of the first-in-class cyclic peptide ... The design and preliminary evaluation of UCI-1 demonstrate that cyclic peptides that mimic the conformation of linear peptide ... Specifically designed cyclic peptide inhibitor shown to be active against SARS-CoV-2. *Download PDF Copy ... Specifically designed cyclic peptide inhibitor shown to be active against SARS-CoV-2. News-Medical. 20 September 2020. ,https ...
738g) Computational Screening of Photoactive Cyclic Peptides for Self Assembly and Disassembly | AIChE
We computationally screened cyclic azobenzene-peptide sequences by computing dimer binding free energies for azobenzene-peptide ... 738g) Computational Screening of Photoactive Cyclic Peptides for Self Assembly and Disassembly. *Conference: AIChE Annual ... Cyclic peptides have been widely studied for applications such as targeted therapeutics [1] and biologically compatible ... We introduce the potential for photoactive assembly and disassembly to cyclic peptides by adding azobenzene linkers. Azobenzene ...
Fighting Parasitic Infections: Promise in Cyclic Peptides | Bioethics Research Library
Cyclic peptide (middle) binds to iPGM (blue).Credit: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH When you think ... Fighting Parasitic Infections: Promise in Cyclic Peptides. Caption: Cyclic peptide (middle) binds to iPGM (blue).. Credit: ... called cyclic peptides, to find one that could disable a vital enzyme in the disease-causing organisms, but leave similar ... it highlights the value of screening peptides in the search for ways to treat conditions that do not respond well-or have ...
Cyclic Peptides
Summary Report | CureHunter
Peptides whose amino and carboxy ends are linked together with a peptide bond forming a circular chain. Some of them are ANTI- ... Some of them are biosynthesized non-ribosomally (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NON-RIBOSOMAL). ... Cyclic Peptides. Subscribe to New Research on Cyclic Peptides Peptides whose amino and carboxy ends are linked together with a ... Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins*Peptides: 22950*Cyclic Peptides: 55*Octreotide: 4121 ...
Search Results for Biochemistry, "anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP)" | De Gruyter
Meta-analysis: diagnostic accuracy of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 antibody and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 3 ... anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody; second-generation assays of anti- ... CRP), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti- CCP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and TNFα, as posible factors implicated in ... depending on anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) status may be helpful in distinguishing different ...
International Conference on Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides in November 2020 in London
Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides scheduled on November 19-20, 2020 in November 2020 in London is for the researchers, ... Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides. ICPCCP 2020: 14. International Conference on Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides ... Solid phase peptide synthesis. Peptide coupling agents. Chemical ligation. Bioactive peptides. Cyclic peptides. Antimicrobial ... ICPCCP 2020 has teamed up with the Special Journal Issue on Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides. A number of selected high- ...
The prognostic value of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. -...
Self-assembling α,γ-cyclic peptides that generate cavities with tunable properties - Chemical Science (RSC Publishing)
The design and synthesis of β-sheet-based self-assembling cyclic peptides with tunable cavities is described. The incorporation ... Self-assembling α,γ-cyclic peptides that generate cavities with tunable properties N. Rodríguez-Vázquez, R. García-Fandiño, M. ... The design and synthesis of β-sheet-based self-assembling cyclic peptides with tunable cavities is described. The incorporation ... Self-assembling α,γ-cyclic peptides that generate cavities with tunable properties ...
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (CCP Antibodies) | Health Testing Centers
Automated Synthesis of Cyclic Disulfide-Bridged Peptides
... peptides can be prepared rapidly with good purity using microwave-enhanced SPPS on the Liberty Blue automated peptide ... Cyclic disulfide-bridged peptides can be prepared rapidly with good purity using microwave-enhanced SPPS on the Liberty Blue ... Synthesis of the peptide hormone oxytocin was achieved in under 3 h with 69% purity. Preparation of a peptide agonist of BMP ... CHEC-7, a neuroprotective peptide inhibitor of amyloidogenesis, was prepared in under 3 h with 80% purity. Finally, a peptide ...
Rosetta: protocols::cyclic peptide::PeptideInternalHbondsMetricCreator Class Reference
src/protocols/cyclic_peptide/PeptideInternalHbondsMetricCreator.hh. *src/protocols/cyclic_peptide/PeptideInternalHbondsMetric. ... void protocols::cyclic_peptide::PeptideInternalHbondsMetricCreator::provide_xml_schema (. utility::tag::XMLSchemaDefinition & ... core::simple_metrics::SimpleMetricOP protocols::cyclic_peptide::PeptideInternalHbondsMetricCreator::create_simple_metric (. ). ...
Biotage - How to Automate Cyclic Peptide Synthesis
This application note describes automated cyclic peptide synthesis using on-resin disulphide bridge formation and side-chain to ... How to Automate Cyclic Peptide Synthesis. 17 October 2014 A new application note illustrates the synthesis of two cyclic ... There is growing interest in naturally occurring and designed bioactive cyclic peptides. These peptides often show better ... Automated Synthesis of Cyclic Peptides on Biotage® Initiator+ Alstra™ Part No: AN093.v2 Published: 2014 0.67 MB Format: pdf ...
Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (anti-CCP) test for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Application of Synthetic Peptide Arrays To Uncover Cyclic Di-GMP Binding Motifs | Journal of Bacteriology
Application of Synthetic Peptide Arrays To Uncover Cyclic Di-GMP Binding Motifs. Juliane Düvel, Sarina Bense, Stefan Möller, ... we applied a peptide array approach (38) with a series of tiled overlapping peptides derived from the full amino acid sequence ... Bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a universal bacterial secondary messenger and a key player in the decision between the ... Here we show that the use of a synthetic peptide array allowed the identification of a c-di-GMP binding motif of a putative c- ...
Development of a Cyclic Peptide Inhibitor of the p6/UEV Protein-Protein Interaction.
A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in ... Cell surface cyclic AMP receptors are not included (CYCLIC AMP RECEPTORS), nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP ... Development of a Cyclic Peptide Inhibitor of the p6/UEV Protein-Protein Interaction.. 08:00 EDT 14th August 2019 , BioPortfolio ... Summary of "Development of a Cyclic Peptide Inhibitor of the p6/UEV Protein-. Protein Interaction.". The budding of HIV from ...
Simple Cyclic Peptide Prediction (simple cycpep predict) Application
... cyclic_peptide:MPI_batchsize_by_level 25 -nstruct 1000 -cyclic_peptide:MPI_sort_by energy -cyclic_peptide:MPI_output_fraction ... cyclic_peptide:MPI_batchsize_by_level 200 2 -nstruct 20000 -cyclic_peptide:MPI_sort_by energy -cyclic_peptide:MPI_output_ ... cyclic_peptide:MPI_batchsize_by_level 10 -cyclic_peptide:MPI_output_fraction 0.1 -nstruct 2500 -cyclic_peptide:sequence_file ... cyclic_peptide:genkic_closure_attempts 1000 -cyclic_peptide:min_genkic_hbonds 2 -mute all -unmute protocols.cyclic_peptide_ ...
Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat | Journal...
Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat. AL ... Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat ... Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat ... Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat ...
LINEAR OR CYCLIC PEPTIDE - Biology Forum | Biology-Online Dictionary, Blog & Forum
LINEAR OR CYCLIC PEPTIDE. Discussion of all aspects of biological molecules, biochemical processes and laboratory procedures in ... I have a data set of peptides containing their sequences. I need to define their configuration (being linear or cyclic) and I ... this will allow you to actually molecular model the peptide chains and see the exact shape of the protein structure generated ...
Radiosynthesis and biodistribution of a prosthetic group (¹⁸F-FENMA) conjugated to cyclic RGD peptides. | Sigma-Aldrich
A cyclic RGD peptide was functionalized with the Michael acceptors trans-β-nitrostyrene carboxylic acid and 3- ... Radiosynthesis and biodistribution of a prosthetic group (¹⁸F-FENMA) conjugated to cyclic RGD peptides.. [Dag Erlend Olberg, ... To further investigate the utility of this methodology, the radiosynthesis of two cyclic RGD peptides was carried out, and in ... Blocking studies with coinjected nonlabeled RGD peptide confirmed the in vivo specificity for the integrin α(v)β₃. On the other ...
Spectroscopic Identification of Cyclic Imide b2-Ions from Peptides Containing Gln and Asn Residues
... Journal. Journal of the ... Instead, cyclic imide structures are formed through nucleophilic attack by the amide nitrogen atom of the Gln and Asn side ... In mass-spectrometry based peptide sequencing, formation of b- and y-type fragments by cleavage of the amide C-N bond ... b(2)-Ions formed from peptides with Asn in the first position are spectroscopically shown to possess the classical oxazolone ...
Carnegie Mellon Scientists Create Mimic of Disease-Fighting Cyclic Peptide - Healthcanal.com : Healthcanal.com
Cyclic peptides are some of the most fascinating peptides found in nature - most venoms are cyclic peptides, and many plants ... "Nature gets around this by making peptides circular. In addition, if you inject a cyclic peptide into the blood stream it ... Peptides are short chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. They can be arranged in a linear chain or in a ring ... In the current study, the Carnegie Mellon researchers focused on RTD-1, a cyclic peptide held together by three disulfide bonds ...
Rheumatoid arthritisAnti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodiesProteinsInhibitorAntibodyAnalogsAntimicrobialProteinCyclo2016Study of cyclic peptidesClass of cyclic peptidesAutoantibodiesDifferent cyclic peptidesMoleculesBiologicalChemistryBiologically activeTherapeuticSequenceTumorLibrariesBicyclicMolecularSyntheticDisulfide bondNatriuretic PeptideSeries of cyclicDemonstrate that cyclicAmide bondCystine-knotTherapeuticsSequencesLinearLigandsProteolyticMass-spectrometry basedPeptidomimeticsDerivativesAntagonistsIntegrinAmino acidDevelopment of peptidesCyclization of peptidesMicrowave peptide synthesizerStabilityAnaloguesCompoundsDipeptideBiosynthesisConformationallyMimicCysteineCreative PeptidesMoleculeAqueousNanotubesAffinity
Rheumatoid arthritis14
- A positive result for cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies indicates a high likelihood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (uiowa.edu)
- 2. Schellekens GA, Visser H, De Jong BA, et al: The diagnostic properties of rheumatoid arthritis antibodies recognizing a cyclic citrullinated peptide. (uiowa.edu)
- The prognostic value of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
- To study the predictive value of anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (nih.gov)
- The objective of the present research was to evaluate the usefulness of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and the IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM RF) test for the differential diagnosis of leprosy with articular involvement and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (scielo.br)
- To compare the diagnostic utility of laboratory variables, including matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with erosive and non-erosive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (hindawi.com)
- Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) is an antibody present in most rheumatoid arthritis patients. (rheumatoidarthritis.org)
- We and others have previously shown that antibodies against cyclic citrullinated proteins (anti-CCP) precede the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in a more recent study we reported that individuals who subsequently developed RA had increased concentrations of several cytokines and chemokines years before the onset of symptoms of joint disease. (diva-portal.org)
- Objective Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)-positive and anti-CCP-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been suggested as 2 distinctive disease subsets with respect to disease activity and prognosis. (jrheum.org)
- Objective To investigate whether levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP2) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated with the co-occurrence of lung diseases. (jrheum.org)
- Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide are associated with HLA-DR4 in simplex and multiplex polyarticular-onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. (semanticscholar.org)
- Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factors (RFs) have been demonstrated to predate the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by years. (biomedcentral.com)
- Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies of IgG isotype are specific diagnostic markers of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (clinexprheumatol.org)
- For a better understanding on possible causes of rheumatoid arthritis, a differentiation of RA patient groups and also the identification of new prognostic ACPAs, we developed the PEPperCHIP® Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Microarray with 337 different cyclic citrullinated peptides including the corresponding arginine controls for a high throughput screening of ACPA responses in patient serum. (pepperprint.com)
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies1
- It has been proved, that anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) are highly specific marker for RA. (termedia.pl)
Proteins10
- The 20 proteinogenic amino acids have physicochemical properties that allow peptides and proteins to fold and bind. (pnas.org)
- Mutant proteins or peptides are each coupled to their encoding DNA, libraries of pooled mutants are sorted for activity, mutants are counted via deep sequencing, and each mutant is scored. (pnas.org)
- Herein we present a method for the combinatorial synthesis and screening of large one-bead-one-compound (OBOC) libraries of cyclic peptides against biological targets such as proteins. (osu.edu)
- Autoantibodies to citrullinated proteins (anti-perinuclear factor, anti-keratin antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), and anti-Sa (vimentin)) have been described in other studies. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Antibodies against carbamylated proteins and cyclic citrullinated peptides in systemic lupus erythematosus : results from two well-defined European cohorts. (diva-portal.org)
- Using the mouse corneas as a model of ocular infection, the therapeutic activity of the cyclic peptide was examined under primary and recurrent infection conditions (under UV-B exposure) by monitoring the spread of GFP tagged HSV-1 virus in the eye, determining viral shedding from the tears, examining the mice health and clinical symptoms of infection and performing immunohistochemistry for the presence of viral proteins in the eye. (arvojournals.org)
- Among the variety of post-translational modifications (PTMs), the disulfide bond has gained considerable momentum in biological chemistry as it occurs instantaneously through oxidative folding in peptides, proteins, hormones, enzymes, growth factors, toxins, and immunoglobulins. (creative-peptides.com)
- Cysteine is the prevailing site for covalent PTM in peptides and proteins. (creative-peptides.com)
- Pools of overlapping peptides from antigenic proteins for T-cell stimulation, T-cell expansion in T-cell assays such as ELISPOT, ICS or Flow Cytometry, e.g. for immune monitoring. (jpt.com)
- Disulfide bridges are an important structural element in many proteins and peptides. (iris-biotech.de)
Inhibitor8
- While the activity of UCI-1 is somewhat modest when compared to other known M pro inhibitors, its preliminary evaluation lays the foundation for the development of additional cyclic peptide inhibitor analogs of UCI-1 with enhanced activity against M pro . (news-medical.net)
- CHEC-7, a neuroprotective peptide inhibitor of amyloidogenesis, was prepared in under 3 h with 80% purity. (cem.com)
- Development of a Cyclic Peptide Inhibitor of the p6/UEV Protein-Protein Interaction. (bioportfolio.com)
- We report the development of a cyclic peptide inhibitor of the p6/UEV interaction, from a non cell-permeable parent that was identified in a SICLOPPS screen. (bioportfolio.com)
- Here we report the crystal structures of human CXCR4 in complex with a small-molecule antagonist at 2.5 Å resolution and with a cyclic peptide inhibitor at 2.9 Å resolution. (sciencemag.org)
- Here, we proposed to improve the affinity of a phage-selected bicyclic peptide inhibitor of coagulation factor XII (FXII) by screening variants with one or two carbon atoms inserted into different positions of the backbone, and thus tapping into a structural space that was not sampled by phage display. (epfl.ch)
- Here, we report an inhibitor of NADH-dependent dimerization of the C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) transcriptional repressor, identified by screening genetically encoded cyclic peptide libraries of up to 64 million members. (soton.ac.uk)
- We investigated the effect of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor methylene blue and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitor 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate, Rp isomer, on inhibition by SNP or CNP. (aspetjournals.org)
Antibody6
- His research interests include the application of peptides as pesticides, pharmaceuticals and tools for the development of antibody-drug conjugates. (healthtech.com)
- LS-F41219 is a 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the Quantitative detection of Porcine Anti-Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody. (lsbio.com)
- It is based upon a Custom assay principle and can be used to detect levels of Anti-Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody as low as 3.75 nanograms per millilter. (lsbio.com)
- The new PEPperCHIP® Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Microarray enables up to 5 tests per microarray and the analysis of up to two antibody isotypes (e.g. (pepperprint.com)
- Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP-2 Ab) is a marker of choice for diagnosing early and late RA. (biomedcentral.com)
- Peptide microarrays that display overlapping peptide scans through antigens from infectious organisms or tumor associated antigens for antibody or serum profiling. (jpt.com)
Analogs3
- Different cyclization strategies were explored for the synthesis of cyclic arodyn and Dyn A analogs, including cyclization through lactam bond formation or ring-closing metathesis (RCM). (ku.edu)
- Therefore, to improve the proteolytic resistance of Polybia-MPI, we have synthesized the MPI cyclic analogs C-MPI-1 (i-to-i+4) and C-MPI-2 (i-to-i+6) by copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. (readbyqxmd.com)
- Peptide cyclization to form cyclic peptides or cyclized peptides is a frequently used strategy for the development of peptides with enhanced conformational stability (compared to their linear analogs). (jpt.com)
Antimicrobial5
- Zaiou, M. Biology and clinical relevance of naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. (eurekaselect.com)
- Our research group has designed highly efficient methods for the construction of potential antimicrobial peptides. (deepdyve.com)
- In this study, we demonstrate that cyclic stretch of the human bronchial epithelial cell lines VA10 and BCi NS 1.1 leads to down-regulation of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide ( CAMP ) gene expression. (peerj.com)
- In conclusion, our in vitro results indicate that cyclic stretch may differentially modulate innate immunity by down-regulation of antimicrobial peptide expression and increase in pro-inflammatory responses. (peerj.com)
- Cationic antimicrobial peptides have attracted increasing attention as a novel class of antibiotics to treat infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. (readbyqxmd.com)
Protein25
- Examination of peptide and protein interactions with this resolution has been limited by the need to individually synthesize and test peptides containing nonproteinogenic amino acids. (pnas.org)
- We describe a method to scan entire peptide sequences with multiple nonproteinogenic amino acids and, in parallel, determine the thermodynamics of binding to a partner protein. (pnas.org)
- We validate this approach by scanning two model protein-binding peptides with 21 diverse nonproteinogenic amino acids. (pnas.org)
- Peptide and Protein Design for Biopharmaceutical Applications. (wikipedia.org)
- Research interests include (enzymatic) synthesis of biologically active modified peptides and peptidomimetics, dendrimers, peptide folding, protein mimics including synthetic antibodies and vaccines. (healthtech.com)
- The researchers identified the potential new therapeutic after testing more than a trillion small protein fragments, called cyclic peptides, to find one that could disable a vital enzyme in the disease-causing organisms, but leave similar enzymes in humans unscathed. (georgetown.edu)
- Since its development in the early 1990s, the synthetic peptide array technique has become a powerful tool for high-throughput approaches and was successfully applied to investigate the binding specificity of protein-ligand interactions. (asm.org)
- In this study, we used peptide arrays to uncover the c-di-GMP binding site of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa protein (PA3740) that was isolated in a chemical proteomics approach. (asm.org)
- Cytoplasmic R-peptide of murine leukemia virus envelope protein negatively regulates its interaction with the cell surface receptor. (bioportfolio.com)
- Assigning and reanalyzing protein and peptide identification to novel protein functions is one of the most important challenges in postgenomic e. (bioportfolio.com)
- Design of Cyclic Peptides as Protein Recognition Motifs. (bioportfolio.com)
- Cyclic AMP receptor protein was originally identified as a catabolite gene activator protein. (bioportfolio.com)
- Yes, Download YASARA then download the package for Amino Acids or the full package, this will allow you to actually molecular model the peptide chains and see the exact shape of the protein structure generated but warning you will need a computer with a Fast Processor, Powerful Graphics Card, and much R.A.M. this program is very resource intensive. (biology-online.org)
- With the advent of phage display, it has become possible to generate pH-sensitive cyclic peptide binders to diverse protein targets. (creative-biolabs.com)
- Two antagonists were selected for crystallization trials on the basis of ligand solubility, binding affinity, and induced protein thermostability (tables S2 and S3) and using a small, druglike, isothiourea derivative (IT1t) ( 25 ) and CVX15, a 16-residue cyclic peptide analog of the horseshoe crab peptide polyphemusin, which was previously characterized as an HIV-inhibiting and antimetastatic agent ( 26 - 28 ). (sciencemag.org)
- Citrullination of linear and cyclic altered peptide ligands from myelin basic protein (MBP(87-99)) epitope elicits a Th1 polarized response by T cells isolated from multiple sclerosis patients: implications in triggering disease. (edu.au)
- Developing "hot-loop"-inspired cyclic peptides to inhibit the oncogenic Skp2-Cks1 protein-protein interaction. (tufts.edu)
- This work involves using insight from a bioinformatics tool, LoopFinder, to design and test cyclic peptide inhibitors of a protein-protein interaction that is involved in cell cycle regulation and various types of cancer. (tufts.edu)
- Targeting a 'hot loop' in the oncogenic Skp2-Cks1 protein-protein interaction with cyclic peptide inhibitors. (tufts.edu)
- Effect of cyclic GMP-increasing agents nitric oxide and C-type natriuretic peptide on bovine chromaffin cell function: inhibitory role mediated by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase. (aspetjournals.org)
- Cyclic peptide synthesis and confirmation was performed at the Protein Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Chicago. (arvojournals.org)
- HSV-1 virus entry using a recombinant virus strain encoding the beta-galactosidase gene and viral protein synthesis and replication of HSV-1 were assayed in the presence of the control and treatment cyclic peptides. (arvojournals.org)
- We show that treatment of VA10 cells with vitamin D3 and/or 4-phenyl butyric acid counteracted cyclic stretch mediated down-regulation of CAMP mRNA and protein expression (LL-37). (peerj.com)
- Because of their size and complexity, cyclic peptides occupy a chemical "middle space" in drug discovery that may provide useful scaffolds for modulating more challenging biological targets such as protein-protein interactions and allosteric binding sites. (eurekaselect.com)
- The 2,5-diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs) are the smallest possible cyclic peptides, which are peptidomimetic in nature and bear resemblance with a constrained protein beta turn. (wikipedia.org)
Cyclo9
- A specific example of the synthesis of a cyclic peptide by the above method is the synthesis of Cyclo (Ala-Lys-Try-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu). (green-blog.org)
- The ADTC1 peptide (cyclo(1,8)Ac-CADTPPVC-NH2) was designed by adding two Cys residues at the N- and C-terminus of ADT6 peptide and a disulfide bond from thiol groups of the Cys residues. (ku.edu)
- The ADTC5 peptide (cyclo(1,7)Ac-CDTPPVC-NH2) was derived from ADTC1 by deleting the alanine residue from the N-terminal region of ADTC1 and ADTC6. (ku.edu)
- The conjugation of Aib-containing amphipathic helical peptide with cyclo(-Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-Cys-) (cRGDfC) at the C-terminus of the helix peptide (PI) has been reported to be useful for constructing a carrier for targeted siRNA delivery into cells. (readbyqxmd.com)
- In continuation of our search for new bioactive secondary metabolites from Bacillus cereus associated with entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), three cyclic dipeptides (CDPs), cyclo(L-Leu-D-Arg) (1), cyclo(2-hydroxy-Pro-L-Leu) (2), and cyclo(L-Val-L-Pro) (3) were purified from the ethyl acetate extract of B. cereus. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Out of three cyclic dipeptides tested only cyclo(2-hydroxy-Pro-L-Leu) recorded significant antioxidant activity. (unboundmedicine.com)
- These CG models were verified by performing CG MD and all-atom (AA) MD simulations for a cyclic peptide nanotube, 8 x cyclo[(-D- Ala-L-Glu-D-Ala-L-Gln-)2], in water and by comparing the results from the two simulations. (northwestern.edu)
- To study nanotube insertion, a CG cyclic peptide nanotube, 8 x cyclo[(-Trp-D-Leu-) 4], was prepared above the surface of a CG DPPC lipid bilayer, restrained with constraints, and equilibrated, and then a series of CG MD simulations were carried out by lifting the constraints imposed on the nanotube. (northwestern.edu)
- 2,5-Diketopiperazine, also known as piperazine-2,5-dione and as the cyclodipeptide cyclo(Gly-Gly), is an organic compound and the smallest cyclic dipeptide that consists of a six-membered ring containing two amide linkages where the two nitrogen atoms and the two carbonyls are at opposite positions in the ring. (wikipedia.org)
20161
- Alex then conducted post-Doctoral research (2016-2017) focused on the development of peptide metalloprotease inhibitors under the supervision of Dr. Andrew Jamieson. (healthtech.com)
Study of cyclic peptides1
- Furthermore, the manufacturing technique developed by Associate Professor of Chemistry Danith Ly could further the study of cyclic peptides by making the molecules easier and less expensive to produce. (healthcanal.com)
Class of cyclic peptides2
- Such analysis can guide the improvement of drug-candidate peptides, including the therapeutically promising class of cyclic peptides. (pnas.org)
- We have introduced a novel class of cyclic peptides, which can be utilized as a new pH-sensitive tool in investigation or targeting of acidic tissue. (uri.edu)
Autoantibodies2
- The cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies blood test measures the autoantibodies produced by the immune system that are directed against cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) in the blood. (healthtestingcenters.com)
- It is assumed that the bacterial strain Porphyromonas gingivalis mediates citrullination of host peptides and thereby the generation of RA-associated autoantibodies in genetically predisposed individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
Different cyclic peptides2
- Up to ten million different cyclic peptides are rapidly synthesized on TentaGel microbeads by the split-and-pool synthesis method and subjected to a multistage screening protocol which includes magnetic sorting, on-bead enzyme-linked and fluorescence-based assays, and in-solution binding analysis of cyclic peptides selectively released from single beads by fluorescence anisotropy. (osu.edu)
- The PEPperCHIP® Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Microarray is based on epitopes of the Immune Epitope Database and literature and covers 577 different cyclic peptides printed in duplicate including additional control peptides. (pepperprint.com)
Molecules7
- Cyclic peptides have been a rich source of biologically active molecules. (osu.edu)
- pH-sensitive bicyclic peptides are one of these small molecules. (creative-biolabs.com)
- Fig.1 The cyclic peptide molecules distribution between outer and inner leaflets of the lipid bilayer of plasma membrane (Weerakkody et al . (creative-biolabs.com)
- HAV- and ADT peptides) that enhance brain delivery of drug molecules to the central nervous system (CNS). (ku.edu)
- Furthermore, ADTC5 peptide does not enhance the BBB passage of large polyethylene glycol molecules (i.e. (ku.edu)
- A series of cyclic peptides containing a number of tryptophan (W) and glutamic acid (E) residues were synthesized and evaluated as pH-sensitive agents for targeting of acidic tissue and pH-dependent cytoplasmic delivery of molecules. (uri.edu)
- This review focuses on cyclic peptide natural products from a "structure-PK" perspective, outlining what we know and don't know about their properties in the hope of uncovering trends that might be useful in the design of novel "rule-breaking" molecules. (eurekaselect.com)
Biological8
- The subject peptides of the previous reports can be distinguished from the peptides of the present application by characteristic structural and biological differences. (freepatentsonline.com)
- The Liskamp group has developed 'Polar hinges' (see 'Polar Hinges as Functionalized Conformational Constraints in (Bi)cyclic Peptides, ChemBioChem, 2017, 18 (4), 387-395') as scaffolds for the cyclization of peptides, which in turn yielded bicyclic peptides and cyclized peptides with improved solubility and biological activity. (healthtech.com)
- Cyclic peptides have become a subject of major interest in biological sciences because of their enhanced enzymatic stability versus linear peptides. (creative-biolabs.com)
- The cyclic dipeptide (2,5-piperazinedione) is the smallest cyclic peptide, and many natural cyclic dipeptide compounds have clear biological activities, such as antibiotics, bittering agents, plant growth inhibitors, and hormone releasing inhibitors. (green-blog.org)
- In this study, the goal was to design cyclic peptides (ADTC1, ADTC5, and ADTC6) derived from linear ADT6 (Ac-ADTPPV-NH2) to improve their stability and biological activity in improving paracellular delivery of drugs into the brain. (ku.edu)
- In conclusion, formation of cyclic peptides can maintain cadherin peptide ability to modulate intercellular junctions of the BBB, and the primary sequence of ADT peptides is important for their biological activity. (ku.edu)
- Specifically, cyclic and stapled peptides have become an intriguing class of biomolecules in drug research afforded to them because of their biological stability and resistance to proteolytic digestions. (utexas.edu)
- Naturally occurring cyclic peptides, in particular, exhibit a wide variety of unusual and potent biological activities. (eurekaselect.com)
Chemistry7
- aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results on all aspects of Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides. (waset.org)
- Also, high quality research contributions describing original and unpublished results of conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, or theoretical work in all areas of Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides are cordially invited for presentation at the conference. (waset.org)
- ICPCCP 2020 has teamed up with the Special Journal Issue on Peptide Chemistry and Cyclic Peptides . (waset.org)
- The cyclic peptide libraries screened with these methods are generated by altering in a combinatorial fashion the amino acid sequence of the peptides, the number of amino acids in the macrocycle rings, and the cyclization chemistry. (epfl.ch)
- Fülöp, Ferenc 2017-05-30 00:00:00 Peptide-based drug research has received high attention in the field of medicinal chemistry over the past decade. (deepdyve.com)
- Andrew T. Bockus, Cayla M. McEwen and R. Scott Lokey, "Form and Function in Cyclic Peptide Natural Products: A Pharmacokinetic Perspective", Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry (2013) 13: 821. (eurekaselect.com)
- JPT can synthesize peptides with up to 4 disulfide bonds in one peptide, employing site-specific orthogonal chemistry or thermodynamic stability methods. (jpt.com)
Biologically active2
- Herein, we provide an overview of the naturally occurring biologically active cyclic peptide therapeutic landscape, including promising candidates, which are under trial in different stages for future and/or clinically used drugs against different diseases. (eurekaselect.com)
- This cyclic peptide production platform provides a stable, scalable, and cost-effective method of making of these biologically active compounds for pharmaceutical and agricultural active ingredient discovery. (technologypublisher.com)
Therapeutic5
- Swiss scientists have developed a new amino acid that can be used to modify the 3-D structure of therapeutic peptides. (phys.org)
- Scientists have explored the therapeutic potential of peptides for decades. (healthcanal.com)
- These peptides are thought to have great therapeutic potential, but due to their elaborate structure, they have been difficult to recreate in large quantities. (healthcanal.com)
- Compared to classical medicines, cyclic peptides with a novel mechanism of action are attractive for their potential therapeutic applications particularly for cancer therapy and several diseases caused by resistant and non-resistant bacteria, virus, and fungi. (eurekaselect.com)
- d)Joo, S.H. Cyclic peptides as therapeutic agents and biochemical tools. (eurekaselect.com)
Sequence8
- We describe how, in a single experiment, multiple nonproteinogenic amino acids can be trialed at all positions in a peptide sequence, with thousands of modifications tested in parallel. (pnas.org)
- Cyclic peptides are polypeptide chains which contain a circular sequence of bonds. (wikipedia.org)
- The user must prepare a ASCII (text) file specifying the peptide sequence. (rosettacommons.org)
- Therefore, finding a corresponding cyclic peptide synthesis method based on the sequence of the target cyclic peptide must be carefully explored and worked hard. (green-blog.org)
- For drug design, to improve proteolytic stability, it is desirable to include unnatural building blocks, such as conformationally restricted β-amino acid moieties, into the peptide sequence. (deepdyve.com)
- A random cyclic peptide sequence was also generated to serve as a control. (arvojournals.org)
- Since peaks determining the begin and the end of a branch may be missing in an experimental spectrum, the algorithm generates a set of peptide sequence candidates from a path in the graph instead of one sequence candidate. (cas.cz)
- Peptide sequence candidates generated from a path in a de novo graph (branch-cyclic peptides). (cas.cz)
Tumor3
- To further investigate the utility of this methodology, the radiosynthesis of two cyclic RGD peptides was carried out, and in vivo biodistribution and microPET studies were performed in tumor-bearing mice. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- The highest tumor to muscle ratio (5.6) was established for asymmetric cyclic peptide, c[E 4 W 5 C], at 24 hours after intravenous administration. (uri.edu)
- pH-insensitive cyclic peptide c[R 4 W 5 C], where glutamic acid residues (E) were replaced by positively charged arginine residues (R), did not exhibit tumor targeting. (uri.edu)
Libraries6
- This work further demonstrates the relative simplicity with which the potency and activity of cyclic peptides identified from SICLOPPS libraries can be optimized. (bioportfolio.com)
- Cyclic peptide libraries have successfully been employed for the identification of inhibitors of highly challenging targets. (bioportfolio.com)
- Synthesis and screening of one-bead-one-compound cyclic peptide libraries. (osu.edu)
- CX 6 CX 6 C or XCX 4 CX 4 CX, C=cysteine, X=any random amino acid) of large combinatorial peptide libraries (up to 10 11 ) can be constructed to meet every different demand. (creative-biolabs.com)
- POPB will cyclize pre-peptides containing non-standard amino acids, including D-amino acids and hydroxylated amino acids, greatly expanding the potential size of cyclic peptide chemical libraries synthesized by POPB. (technologypublisher.com)
- The cyclic peptides under investigation will be produced recombinantly in E. coli cells in the form of combinatorial libraries of random sequences. (gov.gr)
Bicyclic4
- Other bicyclic peptides include echinomycin, triostin A, and Celogentin C. There are a number of bi and monocyclic peptides which are cyclized through a disulfide bond between two cysteines, oxytocin being a notable example. (wikipedia.org)
- Bicyclic peptides have improved proteolytic stability and high affinity compared to macrocyclic peptides, and pH-sensitive bicyclic peptides have been developed as potential therapeutics against cancers. (creative-biolabs.com)
- Bicyclic peptides have been developed as potential therapeutics against a wide range of diseases, drug targeting agents, diagnostic probes, and research tools. (creative-biolabs.com)
- Phage display is a high-throughput and highly sensitive method which enables the identification of bicyclic peptides. (creative-biolabs.com)
Molecular5
- To achieve the aforementioned design, the researchers have utilized the molecular visualization software PyMOL (i.e., an open-source molecular visualization system) to construct an authentic model of the envisioned cyclic peptide. (news-medical.net)
- The externally triggered self-assembly of these peptides gave rise to viscoelastic hydrogels in which the one-dimensional molecular arrangement was perfectly preserved from the nano- to the micro-scale. (rsc.org)
- Biophysical studies revealed the molecular mechanism of peptides action and localization within the lipid bilayer of the membrane at high and low pHs. (uri.edu)
- Coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to study the insertion of cyclic peptide nanotubes into cell membranes and to examine whether cyclic peptide nanotubes can function as an ion channel and thereby as an antibacterial agent. (northwestern.edu)
- Many naturally occurring peptides have one or more intra-molecular disulphide bridges between cysteine side chains forming cyclic peptides. (crbdiscovery.com)
Synthetic6
- PITTSBURGH-Carnegie Mellon University chemists have created a synthetic form of a cyclic peptide known for its remarkable ability to combat a wide variety of pathogens, including HIV and SARS. (healthcanal.com)
- Synthetic peptides like the one developed at Carnegie Mellon could provide an exciting new class of pharmaceuticals aimed at combatting hard-to-treat diseases. (healthcanal.com)
- Ly and colleagues created a mimic of RTD-1 using the building blocks of natural and synthetic nucleic acids called peptide nucleic acids. (healthcanal.com)
- Moreover, a number of synthetic approaches have been developed for the synthesis of various pharmacologically interesting cyclic β-amino acid derivatives as monomers with multiple stereogenic centers. (deepdyve.com)
- But the use of disulfide-rich cyclic peptides is faced with some synthetic challenges, mainly associated with construction of the circular backbone and formation of the correct disulfides. (creative-peptides.com)
- The DPRA measures the reaction of a chemical with synthetic peptides containing Cysteine (Ac‑RFAACAA‑COOH) or Lysine (Ac‑RFAAKAA‑COOH) to assess its sensitization potency. (jpt.com)
Disulfide bond2
- and in Formula (I), the linkage between Cys and Cys is a peptide bond or a disulfide bond, and the other linkages are peptide bonds. (go.jp)
- 3. The cyclic peptide compound or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in Formula (I), Cys and Cys are linked through a disulfide bond. (go.jp)
Natriuretic Peptide1
- Both sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) generator, and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) have been found to raise cGMP levels in bovine chromaffin cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. (aspetjournals.org)
Series of cyclic1
- Recently, Wang Youchu reported that a series of cyclic dipeptides were synthesized with reference to Ueda and Cook. (green-blog.org)
Demonstrate that cyclic1
- The design and preliminary evaluation of UCI-1 demonstrate that cyclic peptides that mimic the conformation of linear peptide substrates of M pro can be developed as inhibitors against M pro ', claim study authors in their bioRxiv paper. (news-medical.net)
Amide bond4
- The "ornithine effect", which describes the conversion of an arginine residue to an ornithine residue via reaction with hydrazine and subsequent preferential cyclization via nucleophilic attack of the ornithine side-chain to the neighboring carbonyl group, inducing heterolytic cleavage of the adjacent amide bond under gentle activation, is used to preferentially open cyclic and stapled rings to linearize these challenging biomolecules. (utexas.edu)
- While head-to-tail cycles are usually formed by amide bond formation, side-chain-to-side-chain cycles are most often synthesized via Cys-Cys or amide bond formation within a cyclic peptide. (jpt.com)
- Cyclic peptides can also be formed by linking the amino (N) terminus of the peptide to the carboxy (C) terminus via an amide bond. (crbdiscovery.com)
- The amino side chains of Lys and Orn and the carboxy side chains of Asp and Glu can also be used to construct cyclic peptides via an amide bond. (crbdiscovery.com)
Cystine-knot1
- The cyclic cystine-knot peptide, kalata B1, was synthesized by employing a novel Fmoc-compatible thioethylalkylamido (TEA) thioester surrogate via an N-S acyl shift followed by a thiol-thioester exchange reaction. (ntu.edu.sg)
Therapeutics5
- This study highlights the use of circular peptides as orally active T-cell-specific immunosuppressive therapeutics against the MS model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, without inducing major adverse effects. (pnas.org)
- Our work provides a proof of principle that nature-derived cyclic peptides serve as oral active therapeutics, utilizing their intrinsic bioactivity and stable three-dimensional structure. (pnas.org)
- Cyclic peptides have been widely studied for applications such as targeted therapeutics [1] and biologically compatible nanostructures [2]. (aiche.org)
- Heinis, C. Cyclic peptide therapeutics: past, present and future. (eurekaselect.com)
- b) Fosgerau, K. Hoffmann, T. Peptide therapeutics: current status and future directions. (eurekaselect.com)
Sequences10
- We seek cyclic azobenzene-peptide sequences that assemble when the azobenzene linker is in the trans configuration and disassemble when azobenzene linker is in the cis configuration. (aiche.org)
- We computationally screened cyclic azobenzene-peptide sequences by computing dimer binding free energies for azobenzene-peptide sequences using well-tempered metadynamics [4]. (aiche.org)
- Peptide sequences of varying length, side chain size, and side chain hydrophobicity are screened to find dimers that are stable when the azobenzene linker is in the trans configuration, and unstable with the azobenzene linker in the cis configuration. (aiche.org)
- I have a data set of peptides containing their sequences. (biology-online.org)
- Cyclic and multiturn noncyclic sequences were synthesized, and their structures were characterized in solution and in the solid state. (readbyqxmd.com)
- In this study we present the design and construction of a new class of cyclic (S,S) non-RGD containing peptide sequences, using two Cys as a structural scaffold for the development of antiaggregatory agents. (openarchives.gr)
- The text window on the right at the bottom (data not shown in the image above) contains a list of all linearized sequences derived from all possible ring opening sites of a branch-cyclic peptide. (cas.cz)
- The nomenclature of linearized sequences of branch-cyclic peptides simply combines nomenclatures of linearized sequences derived from cyclic and branched peptide sequences. (cas.cz)
- The sequences are derived the same way like linearized sequences of a cyclic peptide with a difference that all building blocks between "(" and ")" are considered as one building block. (cas.cz)
- Linearized sequences of a branched fragment are derived similarly to linearized sequences of a branched peptide (see a general fragmentation scheme below). (cas.cz)
Linear20
- the translation of a linear peptide chain, and its subsequent formation into a cyclic structure through activities of a protease-like enzyme or other ways. (wikipedia.org)
- These peptides often show better stability against proteolysis than linear peptides, which can be useful in the design of peptide drugs. (biotage.com)
- I need to define their configuration (being linear or cyclic) and I don't know its terms. (biology-online.org)
- If you take a linear peptide and inject it into the bloodstream the half-life is less than two minutes," said Ly, who is a member of Carnegie Mellon's Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology . (healthcanal.com)
- Alkaloids are classified into cyclic peptides and linear peptides depending on whether they are cyclized or not. (green-blog.org)
- For the cyclization of a cysteine-free linear polypeptide, the N-terminal amino group of the linear polypeptide with a sulfophilic Ag+ ion-assisted coordination flexibility forms a cyclic intermediate with the C-terminal thioester, and promotes intramolecular activation by entropy activation. (green-blog.org)
- The particularity of the structure of the cyclic dipeptide allows the synthesis of such compounds to be self-contained, and the target substance can be easily obtained by refluxing a linear peptide ester which is free at the N-terminus in a polar solvent. (green-blog.org)
- Although Fischer obtained a cyclic dipeptide by aminolysis of linear dipeptide methyl ester in methanol ammonia, it was found that this method easily caused racemization. (green-blog.org)
- Nitecki proposes that the N-terminal free linear dipeptide methyl ester can be refluxed to synthesize a cyclic dipeptide in a mixed solvent of butanol and toluene without causing racemization. (green-blog.org)
- Since the number and type of amino acids contained in the precursor-linear peptide of the cyclic peptide vary widely, the method of synthesizing the cyclic peptide is diversified. (green-blog.org)
- Agents and methods that exhibit efficient, rapid condensation of certain linear peptides may become inefficient or ineffective for another peptide chain. (green-blog.org)
- We have developed linear cadherin peptides (i.e. (ku.edu)
- The results showed that ADTC1 has activity in inhibiting the resealing of the intercellular junctions of the MDCK cell monolayers similar to that of the linear ADT6, indicating that cyclization can maintain the peptide activity. (ku.edu)
- The critical interaction between GPIIb/IIIa and fibrinogen can be inhibited by either linear or cyclic RGDS-containing peptides, which have been proved as lead compounds in the design of platelet aggregation inhibitors. (openarchives.gr)
- See details in Linear Peptide Detail Window , Cyclic Peptide Detail Window and Branched Peptide Detail Window . (cas.cz)
- See Toolbar for Linear Peptides , Toolbar for Cyclic Peptides and Toolbar for Branched Peptides . (cas.cz)
- Theoretical fragment ion series generated due to ring opening of a branch-cyclic NRP - (a) a branched fragment, (b) a linear fragment. (cas.cz)
- Each branch-cyclic peptide may also produce up to 2 linear fragments (or 4 when reverted fragments are considered). (cas.cz)
- The resulting linear peptide is cyclised by air oxidation in dilute aqueous solution at pH8-9. (crbdiscovery.com)
- The reaction can be followed by HPLC and MALDI TOF mass spectrometry, the linear peptide losing two mass units (2H) on cyclisation. (crbdiscovery.com)
Ligands1
- Our research focuses on the development of potent and highly selective peptide ligands for kappa (κ) opioid receptors and examination of the structure-activity relationships (SAR) for activity at these receptors. (ku.edu)
Proteolytic2
- Can small cyclic peptides have the activity and specificity of proteolytic enzymes? (nih.gov)
- Cyclization is one approach to increase the proteolytic resistance of peptides. (readbyqxmd.com)
Mass-spectrometry based2
- In mass-spectrometry based peptide sequencing, formation of b- and y-type fragments by cleavage of the amide C-N bond constitutes the main dissociation pathway of protonated peptides under low-energy collision induced dissociation (CID). (uva.nl)
- Peptide sets and pools, as well as assay standardization kits are available with stable isotope labeled or unlabeled proteotypic peptides for mass-spectrometry based proteomics such as MRM assays. (jpt.com)
Peptidomimetics1
- In order to address this issue, we wish to devise larger biomolecular constructs, such as cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics as PPI inhibitors. (healthtech.com)
Derivatives5
- This invention relates to cyclic peptide derivatives having antiviral properties and to means for using the derivatives to treat viral infections. (freepatentsonline.com)
- More specifically, the invention relates to cyclic peptide derivatives (hereinafter called "peptides" or "cyclic peptides") exhibiting activity against herpes viruses, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the peptides, and to a method of using the peptides to treat herpes infections. (freepatentsonline.com)
- The present application discloses a group of cyclic peptide derivatives having activity against herpes viruses. (freepatentsonline.com)
- N-acyl-L-phenylalanine derivatives as potent VLA-4 antagonists that mimic a cyclic peptide conformation. (semanticscholar.org)
- 2,5-Diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs) which include mono- and disubstituted 2,5-diketopiperazines, their annulated, spiro-annulated and bridged derivatives are amongst the most ubiquitous peptide derivatives found in nature. (wikipedia.org)
Antagonists1
- Dyn A-based peptide antagonists could be useful pharmacological tools for studying κ opioid receptors. (ku.edu)
Integrin4
- Blocking studies with coinjected nonlabeled RGD peptide confirmed the in vivo specificity for the integrin α(v)β₃. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- We synthesized disulfide-based cyclic RGD pentapeptides bearing a near-infrared fluorescent dye (cypate), represented by cypate-c(CRGDC) (1) for integrin-targeted optical imaging. (nih.gov)
- Methods: The integrin αvβ3 binding RGD peptide was conjugated with a macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) for copper labeling and PET imaging and a near-infrared dye ZW-1 for optical imaging. (harvard.edu)
- We report the synthesis and properties of a photoactivatable caged RGD peptide and its application for phototriggering integrin- and cell-binding to surfaces. (uc3m.es)
Amino acid5
- Insertion of the amino acid into bioactive peptides enhanced their binding affinity up to 40-fold. (phys.org)
- The cytoplasmic 16-amino acid peptide of ecotropic murine leukemia virus (E-MLV) Env prot. (bioportfolio.com)
- These peptides may be composed of any mixture of L- or D-amino acid residues, achiral amino acid residues, peptoid residues, or L- or D-oligourea residues. (rosettacommons.org)
- Generally, a cyclic peptide referred to in biology refers to a compound formed by amino acid peptide bonds. (green-blog.org)
- Highly functionalized cyclic β-amino acid moieties as promising scaffolds in peptide research. (deepdyve.com)
Development of peptides1
- He subsequently worked in peptide production at Cambridge Research Biochemicals, prior to undertaking pharmaceutical research at Medimmune into the development of peptides for the treatment of neuropathic pain and diabetes. (healthtech.com)
Cyclization of peptides1
- On-resin cyclization of peptides is particularly useful, and Branches™ on the Biotage® Initiator+ Alstra™ microwave peptide synthesizer makes this fast, simple and fully automated. (biotage.com)
Microwave peptide synthesizer1
- Cyclic disulfide-bridged peptides can be prepared rapidly with good purity using microwave-enhanced SPPS on the Liberty Blue automated microwave peptide synthesizer. (cem.com)
Stability4
- Certain nonproteinogenic amino acids can also improve the otherwise poor in vivo stability of short peptides and/or reduce the excessive polarity that prevents peptides crossing cell membranes ( 12 , 13 ). (pnas.org)
- Natural cyclic peptides are conformationally constrained notable biomolecules and reveal several drug-like properties such as high binding affinity, metabolic stability, target selectivity, bioavailability, low toxicity and flexibility. (eurekaselect.com)
- Soto, C. Converting a peptide into a drug: strategies to improve stability and bioavailability. (eurekaselect.com)
- An additional enzyme, FMO1, may be used to introduce an unusual tryptothionine cross bridge into the cyclic peptide, further stabilizing the peptide and increasing conformational stability of the peptide ring. (technologypublisher.com)
Analogues2
- Amino acids critical for the activity of the parent cyclic peptide were uncovered using alanine-scanning, and a series of non-natural analogues synthesized and assessed. (bioportfolio.com)
- Cyclisation in this manner may be useful in the synthesis of bioactive peptide analogues. (crbdiscovery.com)
Compounds3
- Not only does this discovery raise hope for better treatments for many parasitic and bacterial diseases, it highlights the value of screening peptides in the search for ways to treat conditions that do not respond well-or have stopped responding-to more traditional chemical drug compounds. (georgetown.edu)
- These compounds were compared with the traditional lactam-based cyclic RGD counterpart, cypate-c(RGDfK) (2). (nih.gov)
- Cyclic compounds. (hku.hk)
Dipeptide1
- Ueda uses methanol as a solvent for reflux, and a good yield of cyclic dipeptide is also obtained. (green-blog.org)
Biosynthesis1
- Some of them are biosynthesized non-ribosomally (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NON-RIBOSOMAL). (curehunter.com)
Conformationally3
- This project involves the development of conformationally constrained mimetic peptides, informed by the Loop Finder program developed by the Kritzer Lab, to block the interaction between two subunits of a ubiquitin ligase. (tufts.edu)
- Accordingly, the synthesis and incorporation of such conformationally rigid systems into novel type of peptides has gained large interest. (deepdyve.com)
- These cyclic dipeptides incorporate both donor and acceptor groups for hydrogen bonding and are small, conformationally constrained heterocyclic scaffolds in which diversity can be introduced at up to six positions and stereochemistry controlled at up to four positions, and they are stable to proteolysis. (wikipedia.org)
Mimic3
- While the outside of the mimic peptide maintained the same amino acids as the original, the researchers replaced the complex disulfide bonds at its center with simpler bonds called noncovalent Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds. (healthcanal.com)
- They then tested the efficacy of the mimic RTD-1 by mixing the peptide with E. coli, listeria, staphylococcus and salmonella - bacteria that RTD-1 typically protects against. (healthcanal.com)
- Furthermore, the mimic peptide worked by binding to the bacteria's cell membrane, not its DNA or RNA, decreasing the probability that the bacteria could develop resistance to the peptide. (healthcanal.com)
Cysteine5
- Cosmetic Peptides such as Lysine and Cysteine Peptide are used for DPRA (Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay) for Skin Sensitization Testing. (jpt.com)
- Cys-Cys cyclization results from the formation of disulfide bridges between cysteine residues of the peptide. (jpt.com)
- When a peptide contains multiple cysteine residues, challenges arise due to the large number of possible regioisomers. (jpt.com)
- Peptides with a single disulphide bridge are readily synthesized using trityl (Trt) protecting groups on the cysteine side chains which are removed on cleavage from the resin. (crbdiscovery.com)
- Peptides with two or more disulphide bridges require selective protection of the cysteine side chains to ensure that the correct disulphide bridges are formed. (crbdiscovery.com)
Creative Peptides3
- Creative Peptides is specialized in the process development and the manufacturing of bioactive peptides. (green-blog.org)
- Creative Peptides is specialized in the custom synthesis of disulfide-rich cyclic peptides, providing a confidential and efficient service at competitive prices. (creative-peptides.com)
- Every step of peptide synthesis is subject to Creative Peptides' stringent quality control. (creative-peptides.com)
Molecule2
- Here we report five independent crystal structures of CXCR4 bound to an antagonist small molecule IT1t and a cyclic peptide CVX15 at 2.5 to 3.2 angstrom resolution. (sciencemag.org)
- The symmetric, c[(WE) 4 WC], and asymmetric, c[E 4 W 5 C], cyclic peptides translocated amanitin, a polar cargo molecule of similar size, across the lipid bilayer and induced cell death in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. (uri.edu)
Aqueous2
- We have recently reported a new N-methylaminooxy-based prosthetic group for the site-selective introduction of ¹⁸F-fluorine under mild acidic aqueous conditions into model peptides functionalized with a Michael acceptor moiety. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Herein we report the pH-controlled nanotube formation and fibrillation of supramolecular cyclic peptides in confined aqueous droplets. (rsc.org)
Nanotubes3
- Cyclic peptide nanotubes constitute an optimal scaffold for the fabrication of hierarchical one-dimensional self-assembled architectures. (rsc.org)
- a) Structure and pH-dependent self-assembly of the cyclic peptide ( CP1 ) b) Histidine hydrogen-bonded networks and pyrene p-stacking driven aggregation of single peptide nanotubes by hierarchical micro-fibrillation. (rsc.org)
- Tilt structures of the cyclic peptide nanotubes inside the lipid bilayer are found to be in agreement with experiment and earlier AA simulations. (northwestern.edu)
Affinity3
- PA3740 was shown to bind c-di-GMP with a high affinity, and peptide arrays uncovered LKKALKKQTNLR to be a putative c-di-GMP binding motif. (asm.org)
- The problem with peptides is that they're small and floppy and, when they bind, they don't bind with high affinity or selectivity. (healthcanal.com)
- The strategy of ring size variation by one or several atoms should be generally applicable for the affinity maturation of in-vitro-evolved cyclic peptides. (epfl.ch)