Patient selection. Medical search

Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patients with specific conditions in proposed treatment plans and the criteria used for the inclusion of subjects in various clinical trials and other research protocols.

Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Systematic discussions and teaching relating to patient care.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Prenatal interventions to correct fetal anomalies or treat FETAL DISEASES in utero. Fetal therapies include several major areas, such as open surgery; FETOSCOPY; pharmacological therapy; INTRAUTERINE TRANSFUSION; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and GENETIC THERAPY.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Works about clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

Works about studies performed to evaluate the safety of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques in healthy subjects and to determine the safe dosage range (if appropriate). These tests also are used to determine pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties (toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, and preferred route of administration). They involve a small number of persons and usually last about 1 year. This concept includes phase I studies conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The introduction of error due to systematic differences in the characteristics between those selected and those not selected for a given study. In sampling bias, error is the result of failure to ensure that all members of the reference population have a known chance of selection in the sample.

Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Surgical insertion of synthetic material to repair injured or diseased heart valves.

Surgery performed on an outpatient basis. It may be hospital-based or performed in an office or surgicenter.

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.

Procedures that avoid use of open, invasive surgery in favor of closed or local surgery. These generally involve use of laparoscopic devices and remote-control manipulation of instruments with indirect observation of the surgical field through an endoscope or similar device.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

The plan and delineation of prostheses in general or a specific prosthesis.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

The restoration of the sequential order of contraction and relaxation of the HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES by atrio-biventricular pacing.

A procedure in which a laparoscope (LAPAROSCOPES) is inserted through a small incision near the navel to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. If appropriate, biopsy or surgery can be performed during laparoscopy.

Complications that affect patients during surgery. They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

Procedures of applying ENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopy involves passing an optical instrument through a small incision in the skin i.e., percutaneous; or through a natural orifice and along natural body pathways such as the digestive tract; and/or through an incision in the wall of a tubular structure or organ, i.e. transluminal, to examine or perform surgery on the interior parts of the body.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Small pumps, often implantable, designed for temporarily assisting the heart, usually the LEFT VENTRICLE, to pump blood. They consist of a pumping chamber and a power source, which may be partially or totally external to the body and activated by electromagnetic motors.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.

The discipline studying genetic composition of populations and effects of factors such as GENETIC SELECTION, population size, MUTATION, migration, and GENETIC DRIFT on the frequencies of various GENOTYPES and PHENOTYPES using a variety of GENETIC TECHNIQUES.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

Reconstruction or repair of a blood vessel, which includes the widening of a pathological narrowing of an artery or vein by the removal of atheromatous plaque material and/or the endothelial lining as well, or by dilatation (BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY) to compress an ATHEROMA. Except for ENDARTERECTOMY, usually these procedures are performed via catheterization as minimally invasive ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURES.

The use of freezing as a special surgical technique to destroy or excise tissue.

A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Use of infusions of FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS to destroy or dissolve thrombi in blood vessels or bypass grafts.

The excision of the thickened, atheromatous tunica intima of a carotid artery.

Surgical insertion of a prosthesis.

Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.

A device that substitutes for a heart valve. It may be composed of biological material (BIOPROSTHESIS) and/or synthetic material.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

Excision of all or part of the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for assisting health care practitioners in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery.

The transference of a part of or an entire liver from one human or animal to another.

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

A therapeutic approach, involving chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery, after initial regimens have failed to lead to improvement in a patient's condition. Salvage therapy is most often used for neoplastic diseases.

Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Methods of creating machines and devices.

Treatments with drugs which interact with or block synthesis of specific cellular components characteristic of the individual's disease in order to stop or interrupt the specific biochemical dysfunction involved in progression of the disease.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

Any visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. It includes measuring physiologic and metabolic responses to physical and chemical stimuli, as well as ultramicroscopy.

Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.

The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Surgical reconstruction of a joint to relieve pain or restore motion.

A measure of the quality of health care by assessment of unsuccessful results of management and procedures used in combating disease, in individual cases or series.

An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly.

Works about controlled studies which are planned and carried out by several cooperating institutions to assess certain variables and outcomes in specific patient populations, for example, a multicenter study of congenital anomalies in children.

Minimally invasive procedures, diagnostic or therapeutic, performed within the BLOOD VESSELS. They may be perfomed via ANGIOSCOPY; INTERVENTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; INTERVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY; or INTERVENTIONAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

The excision of lung tissue including partial or total lung lobectomy.

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal defects is based on location of the communication and types of incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

Complete or partial surgical removal of the prostate. Three primary approaches are commonly employed: suprapubic - removal through an incision above the pubis and through the urinary bladder; retropubic - as for suprapubic but without entering the urinary bladder; and transurethral (TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF PROSTATE).

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

The selection or choice of sexual partner in animals. Often this reproductive preference is based on traits in the potential mate, such as coloration, size, or behavioral boldness. If the chosen ones are genetically different from the rejected ones, then NATURAL SELECTION is occurring.

Drug therapy given to augment or stimulate some other form of treatment such as surgery or radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.

A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

A CATHETER-delivered implant used for closing abnormal holes in the cardiovascular system, especially HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS; or passageways intentionally made during cardiovascular surgical procedures.

Resistance or diminished response of a neoplasm to an antineoplastic agent in humans, animals, or cell or tissue cultures.

Research aimed at assessing the quality and effectiveness of health care as measured by the attainment of a specified end result or outcome. Measures include parameters such as improved health, lowered morbidity or mortality, and improvement of abnormal states (such as elevated blood pressure).

Surgery performed on the heart.

A collective term for interstitial, intracavity, and surface radiotherapy. It uses small sealed or partly-sealed sources that may be placed on or near the body surface or within a natural body cavity or implanted directly into the tissues.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of neoplasms.

Fibrinolysin or agents that convert plasminogen to FIBRINOLYSIN.

Surgical insertion of BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESES to repair injured or diseased blood vessels.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

The prediction or projection of the nature of future problems or existing conditions based upon the extrapolation or interpretation of existing scientific data or by the application of scientific methodology.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Works about comparative studies to verify the effectiveness of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques determined in phase II studies. During these trials, patients are monitored closely by physicians to identify any adverse reactions from long-term use. These studies are performed on groups of patients large enough to identify clinically significant responses and usually last about three years. This concept includes phase III studies conducted in both the U.S. and in other countries.

Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)

Application of electric current in treatment without the generation of perceptible heat. It includes electric stimulation of nerves or muscles, passage of current into the body, or use of interrupted current of low intensity to raise the threshold of the skin to pain.

The fluctuation of the ALLELE FREQUENCY from one generation to the next.

The use of photothermal effects of LASERS to coagulate, incise, vaporize, resect, dissect, or resurface tissue.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2.

Changes in biological features that help an organism cope with its ENVIRONMENT. These changes include physiological (ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL), phenotypic and genetic changes.

Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.

Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.

Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc., and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking.

The period of confinement of a patient to a hospital or other health facility.

An approach of practicing medicine with the goal to improve and evaluate patient care. It requires the judicious integration of best research evidence with the patient's values to make decisions about medical care. This method is to help physicians make proper diagnosis, devise best testing plan, choose best treatment and methods of disease prevention, as well as develop guidelines for large groups of patients with the same disease. (from JAMA 296 (9), 2006)

A radiological stereotactic technique developed for cutting or destroying tissue by high doses of radiation in place of surgical incisions. It was originally developed for neurosurgery on structures in the brain and its use gradually spread to radiation surgery on extracranial structures as well. The usual rigid needles or probes of stereotactic surgery are replaced with beams of ionizing radiation directed toward a target so as to achieve local tissue destruction.

The mating of plants or non-human animals which are closely related genetically.

A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.

Antibodies from non-human species whose protein sequences have been modified to make them nearly identical with human antibodies. If the constant region and part of the variable region are replaced, they are called humanized. If only the constant region is modified they are called chimeric. INN names for humanized antibodies end in -zumab.

An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.

The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

Radiotherapy given to augment some other form of treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy. Adjuvant radiotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.

Pathological processes of the LIVER.

The valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta which prevents backflow into the left ventricle.

The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.

Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES.

Preliminary cancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone/endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, etc.) that precedes a necessary second modality of treatment.

Sexual activities of animals.

Functions constructed from a statistical model and a set of observed data which give the probability of that data for various values of the unknown model parameters. Those parameter values that maximize the probability are the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters.

A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.

A cell surface receptor involved in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It is specific for EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR and EGF-related peptides including TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; AMPHIREGULIN; and HEPARIN-BINDING EGF-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR. The binding of ligand to the receptor causes activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and rapid internalization of the receptor-ligand complex into the cell.

The process of making a selective intellectual judgment when presented with several complex alternatives consisting of several variables, and usually defining a course of action or an idea.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

The use of ultrasound to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures such as needle ASPIRATION BIOPSY; DRAINAGE; etc. Its widest application is intravascular ultrasound imaging but it is useful also in urology and intra-abdominal conditions.

The proportion of one particular in the total of all ALLELES for one genetic locus in a breeding POPULATION.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Methods for controlling genetic SEX of offspring.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

Transplantation of an individual's own tissue from one site to another site.

The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.

The capability of an organism to survive and reproduce. The phenotypic expression of the genotype in a particular environment determines how genetically fit an organism will be.

A set of three nucleotides in a protein coding sequence that specifies individual amino acids or a termination signal (CODON, TERMINATOR). Most codons are universal, but some organisms do not produce the transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER) complementary to all codons. These codons are referred to as unassigned codons (CODONS, NONSENSE).

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

A method of comparing the cost of a program with its expected benefits in dollars (or other currency). The benefit-to-cost ratio is a measure of total return expected per unit of money spent. This analysis generally excludes consideration of factors that are not measured ultimately in economic terms. Cost effectiveness compares alternative ways to achieve a specific set of results.

A collection of cloned peptides, or chemically synthesized peptides, frequently consisting of all possible combinations of amino acids making up an n-amino acid peptide.

The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.

A characteristic showing quantitative inheritance such as SKIN PIGMENTATION in humans. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.

Replacement of the knee joint.

Surgical excision of one or more lymph nodes. Its most common use is in cancer surgery. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p966)

The total amount of radiation absorbed by tissues as a result of radiotherapy.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.

A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.

Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.

A theorem in probability theory named for Thomas Bayes (1702-1761). In epidemiology, it is used to obtain the probability of disease in a group of people with some characteristic on the basis of the overall rate of that disease and of the likelihood of that characteristic in healthy and diseased individuals. The most familiar application is in clinical decision analysis where it is used for estimating the probability of a particular diagnosis given the appearance of some symptoms or test result.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

Geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic variations in the investigation and management of coronary heart disease in Scotland. (1/7350)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether age, sex, level of deprivation, and area of residence affect the likelihood of investigation and treatment of patients with coronary heart disease. DESIGN, PATIENTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: Routine discharge data were used to identify patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 1991 and 1993 inclusive. Record linkage provided the proportion undergoing angiography, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) over the following two years. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether age, sex, deprivation, and area of residence were independently associated with progression to investigation and revascularisation. SETTING: Mainland Scotland 1991 to 1995 inclusive. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Two year incidence of angiography, PTCA, and CABG. Results-36 838 patients were admitted with AMI. 4831 (13%) underwent angiography, 587 (2%) PTCA, and 1825 (5%) CABG. Women were significantly less likely to undergo angiography (p < 0.001) and CABG (p < 0.001) but more likely to undergo PTCA (p < 0.05). Older patients were less likely to undergo all three procedures (p < 0.001). Socioeconomic deprivation was associated with a reduced likelihood of both angiography and CABG (p < 0.001). There were significant geographic variations in all three modalities (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Variations in investigation and management were demonstrated by age, sex, geography, and socioeconomic deprivation. These are unlikely to be accounted for by differences in need; differences in clinical practice are, therefore, likely. (+info)

Early death during chemotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer: derivation of a prognostic index for toxic death and progression. (2/7350)

Based on an increased frequency of early death (death within the first treatment cycle) in our two latest randomized trials of combination chemotherapy in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), we wanted to identify patients at risk of early non-toxic death (ENTD) and early toxic death (ETD). Data were stored in a database and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictive factors for early death. During the first cycle, 118 out of 937 patients (12.6%) died. In 38 patients (4%), the cause of death was sepsis. Significant risk factors were age, performance status (PS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and treatment with epipodophyllotoxins and platinum in the first cycle (EP). Risk factors for ENTD were age, PS and LDH. Extensive stage had a hazard ratio of 1.9 (P = 0.07). Risk factors for ETD were EP, PS and LDH, whereas age and stage were not. For EP, the hazard ratio was as high as 6.7 (P = 0.0001). We introduced a simple prognostic algorithm including performance status, LDH and age. Using a prognostic algorithm to exclude poor-risk patients from trials, we could minimize early death, improve long-term survival and increase the survival differences between different regimens. We suggest that other groups evaluate our algorithm and exclude poor prognosis patients from trials of dose intensification. (+info)

Peritoneal cytology in the surgical evaluation of gastric carcinoma. (3/7350)

Many patients undergoing surgery for gastric carcinoma will develop peritoneal metastases. A method to identify those patients at risk of peritoneal recurrence would help in the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy. Peritoneal cytology has received little attention in the West, but may prove a useful additional means of evaluating patients with gastric cancer. The aims of this study were to evaluate sampling techniques for peritoneal cytology in patients with gastric cancer, to assess the prognostic significance of free peritoneal malignant cells and to discover the effect of the operative procedure on dissemination of malignant cells. The study is based on 85 consecutive patients undergoing surgical treatment of gastric cancer and followed up for 2 years or until death. Peritoneal cytology samples were collected at laparoscopy, and at operation prior to resection by intraperitoneal lavage and serosal brushings. After resection, samples were taken by peritoneal lavage, imprint cytology of the resected specimen and post-operatively by peritoneal irrigation via a percutaneous catheter. Malignant cells were diagnosed by two independent microscopists. Preoperative peritoneal lavage yielded malignant cells in 16 out of 85 cases (19%). The yield of free malignant cells was increased by using serosal brushings (by four cases) and imprint cytology (by two cases); all of the cases had evidence of serosal penetration. One serosa-negative case exhibited positive cytology in the post-resection peritoneal specimen in which the preresection cytology specimen was negative. Survival was worse in the cytology-positive group (chi2 = 25.1; P< 0.0001). Among serosa-positive patients, survival was significantly reduced if cytology was positive, if cases yielded by brushings and imprint cytology were included (log-rank test = 8.44; 1 df, P = 0.004). In conclusion, free peritoneal malignant cells can be identified in patients with gastric cancer who have a poor prognosis; the yield can be increased with brushings and imprint cytology in addition to conventional peritoneal lavage. Evaluation of peritoneal cytology by these methods may have a role in the selection of patients with the poorest prognosis who may benefit most from adjuvant therapy. (+info)

Profound variation in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in human blood cells: major implications for the detection of partly deficient patients. (4/7350)

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is responsible for the breakdown of the widely used antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5FU), thereby limiting the efficacy of the therapy. To identify patients suffering from a complete or partial DPD deficiency, the activity of DPD is usually determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM cells). In this study, we demonstrated that the highest activity of DPD was found in monocytes followed by that of lymphocytes, granulocytes and platelets, whereas no significant activity of DPD could be detected in erythrocytes. The activity of DPD in PBM cells proved to be intermediate compared with the DPD activity observed in monocytes and lymphocytes. The mean percentage of monocytes in the PBM cells obtained from cancer patients proved to be significantly higher than that observed in PBM cells obtained from healthy volunteers. Moreover, a profound positive correlation was observed between the DPD activity of PBM cells and the percentage of monocytes, thus introducing a large inter- and intrapatient variability in the activity of DPD and hindering the detection of patients with a partial DPD deficiency. (+info)

The effect of race and sex on physicians' recommendations for cardiac catheterization. (5/7350)

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have reported differences in the use of cardiovascular procedures according to the race and sex of the patient. Whether the differences stem from differences in the recommendations of physicians remains uncertain. METHODS: We developed a computerized survey instrument to assess physicians' recommendations for managing chest pain. Actors portrayed patients with particular characteristics in scripted interviews about their symptoms. A total of 720 physicians at two national meetings of organizations of primary care physicians participated in the survey. Each physician viewed a recorded interview and was given other data about a hypothetical patient. He or she then made recommendations about that patient's care. We used multivariate logistic-regression analysis to assess the effects of the race and sex of the patients on treatment recommendations, while controlling for the physicians' assessment of the probability of coronary artery disease as well as for the age of the patient, the level of coronary risk, the type of chest pain, and the results of an exercise stress test. RESULTS: The physicians' mean (+/-SD) estimates of the probability of coronary artery disease were lower for women (probability, 64.1+/-19.3 percent, vs. 69.2+/-18.2 percent for men; P<0.001), younger patients (63.8+/-19.5 percent for patients who were 55 years old, vs. 69.5+/-17.9 percent for patients who were 70 years old; P<0.001), and patients with nonanginal pain (58.3+/-19.0 percent, vs. 64.4+/-18.3 percent for patients with possible angina and 77.1+/-14.0 percent for those with definite angina; P=0.001). Logistic-regression analysis indicated that women (odds ratio, 0.60; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.4 to 0.9; P=0.02) and blacks (odds ratio, 0.60; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.4 to 0.9; P=0.02) were less likely to be referred for cardiac catheterization than men and whites, respectively. Analysis of race-sex interactions showed that black women were significantly less likely to be referred for catheterization than white men (odds ratio, 0.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.7; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the race and sex of a patient independently influence how physicians manage chest pain. (+info)

Studies on structural changes of the carotid arteries and the heart in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. (6/7350)

BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to characterize early structural changes of large arteries in renal transplant recipients with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease and normal blood pressure values, and to analyse the relationship between arterial alterations and those of the heart. METHODS: Intima media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid arteries as well as left ventricular geometry and function were examined in 35 asymtomatic renal transplant recipients and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by high resolution B-mode ultrasound and by echocardiography. RESULTS: Intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries was significantly higher in renal transplant recipients (1.21+/-0.08 mm) than in healthy controls (0.74+/-0.04 mm) (P<0.001). Atherosclerotic plaques were found in the majority of renal transplant recipients (71% vs 14% in healthy controls, P<0.001). Left ventricular mass index was significantly increased in the group of renal transplant recipients (264+/-13 g, 146+/-7 g/m2) when compared with healthy controls (155+/-8 g, 83+/-4 g/m2) (P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis in renal transplant recipients showed that intima media thickness of the carotid arteries was significantly related to left ventricular mass index (P<0.02), but not to age, blood pressure, body mass index, serum creatinine, cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels. In the group of healthy controls, intima-media thickness of the carotid artery was related to age (P<0.002), but not to left ventricular mass index or the other independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The present study documents pronounced intima-media thickening in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. Atherosclerotic lesions are present in most renal transplant recipients with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. We observed a parallelism between arterial wall thickening and left ventricular hypertrophy, although blood pressure levels were normal during haemodialysis therapy and after renal transplantation. (+info)

Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms: selecting patients for surgery. (7/7350)

OBJECTIVES: Mortality from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) remains high. Despite this, withholding surgery on poor-prognosis patients with RAAA may create a difficult dilemma for the surgeon. Hardman et al. identified five independent, preoperative risk factors associated with mortality and proposed a model for preoperative patient selection. The aim of this study was to test the validity of the same model in an independent series of RAAA patients. METHODS: A consecutive series of patients undergoing surgery for RAAA was analysed retrospectively by case-note review. Thirty-day operative mortality and the presence of the five risk factors: age (> 76 years), creatinine (Cr) (> 190 mumol/l), haemoglobin (Hb) (< 9 g/dl), loss of consciousness and electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of ischaemia were recorded for each patient. RESULTS: Complete data sets existed for 69 patients (mean age: 73 years, range: 38-86 years, male to female ratio: 6:1). Operative mortality was 43%. The cumulative effect of 0, 1 and 2 risk factors on mortality was 18%, 28% and 48%, respectively. All patients with three or more risk factors died (eight patients). CONCLUSIONS: These results lend support to the validity of the model. The potential to avoid surgery in patients with little or no chance of survival would spare unnecessary suffering, reduce operative mortality and enhance use of scarce resources. (+info)

Repair of ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is worthwhile in selected cases. (8/7350)

INTRODUCTION: The risks and benefits of operating on patients with ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) have not been defined. The aim of the present study is to report this unit's experience with operations performed for ruptured TAAA over a 10-year period. METHODS: Interrogation of a prospectively gathered computerised database. PATIENTS: Between 1 January 1983 and 30 June 1996, 188 consecutive patients with TAAA were operated on, of whom 23 (12%) were operated for rupture. RESULTS: There were nine survivors (40%). Patients whose preoperative systolic blood pressure remained above 100 mmHg were significantly more likely to survive (4/8 vs. 13/15, p = 0.03 by Fisher's exact test). Survival was also related to Crawford type: type I (two of three survived); II (none of six); III (two of six); and IV (five of eight). All non-type II, non-shocked patients survived operation. Survivors spent a median of 28 (range 10-66) postoperative days in hospital, of which a median of 6 (range 2-24) days were spent in the intensive care unit. Survivor morbidity comprised prolonged ventilation (> 5 days) (n = 3); tracheostomy (n = 1); and temporary haemofiltration (n = 2). No survivor developed paraplegia or required permanent dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients in shock with a Crawford type II aneurysm have such a poor prognosis that intervention has to be questioned except in the most favourable of circumstances. However, patients with types I, III and IV who are not shocked on presentation can be salvaged and, where possible, should be transferred to a unit where appropriate expertise and facilities are available. (+info)

When evaluating a patient with an inguinal hernia and considering a laparoscopic or endoscopic approach, several factors need ... but is as important in patient selection and choice of operation. Proper patient selection would require a panoramic view of ... Iskandar M., Ferzli G. (2018) Patient Selection for Laparoendoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair. In: Bittner R., Köckerling F., ... When evaluating a patient with an inguinal hernia and considering a laparoscopic or endoscopic approach, several factors need ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-662-55493-7_6

Patients with neurological disease origins. BOWEL CONTROL CANDIDATES. A broad range of chronic fecal incontinent patients are ... Sacral Neuromodulation is not appropriate for patients who:. *Have not demonstrated an appropriate response to the evaluation ( ... Sacral Neuromodulation, delivered by the Interstim™ system, is indicated for patients who have failed or could not tolerate ... A broad range of patients with overactive bladder and non-obstructive urinary retention are considered suitable for Sacral ...

https://www.medtronic.com/us-en/healthcare-professionals/therapies-procedures/urology/sacral-neuromodulation/education-training/patient-selection.html

Learn more about patient criteria for this therapy. ... Deep brain stimulation therapy may be an option for patients ... IS DBS THERAPY RIGHT FOR YOUR PATIENT? Download the patient candidacy tool and assess your patient now. ...

https://www.medtronic.com/us-en/healthcare-professionals/therapies-procedures/neurological/deep-brain-stimulation/indications/epilepsy/patient-selection.html

Artificial urinary sphincter Incontinence Management Surgical technique Patient selection This is a preview of subscription ... Pariser J.J., Cohen A.J., Rosen A.M., Bales G.T. (2016) Artificial Urinary Sphincter: Patient Selection and Surgical Technique ... and this chapter will focus on the essential aspects of patient selection and operative technique. ... Urethral buttressing in patients undergoing artificial urinary sphincter surgery. J Urol. 2013;189:1777-81.CrossRefPubMedGoogle ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-23817-3_5

... Guest Editors: Natan Zundel, Sayeed Ikramuddin, and ... Optimizing Outcomes in Bariatric Surgery: A Primer in Patient Selection, Natan Zundel, Sayeed Ikramuddin, and Raul Rosenthal ... Perioperative Optimization of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery, C. E. Owers, Y. Abbas, R. Ackroyd, N. Barron, and M. Khan ... Candidates for Bariatric Surgery: Morbidly Obese Patients with Pulmonary Dysfunction, Yu-Feng Wei and Huey-Dong Wu Volume 2012 ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jobe/si/283578/

... by the FDA to serve as an adjunct to the dentists professional judgment of how to best use diagnostic imaging for each patient ... A study of 490 patients found that basing selection criteria on clinical evaluations for asymptomatic patients, combined with ... Patient Selection Criteria. Radiographs and other imaging modalities are used to diagnose and monitor oral diseases, as well as ... The guidelines titled, "The Selection of Patients for X-Ray Examination" were first developed in 1987 by a panel of dental ...

https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/medical-x-ray-imaging/selection-patients-dental-radiographic-examinations

How to select patients for antireflux surgery? The ICARUS guidelines (international consensus regarding preoperative ... examinations and clinical characteristics assessment to select adult patients for antireflux surgery) Ans Pauwels, Veerle ...

https://gut.bmj.com/keyword/patient-selection

Clinical trial execution can be hindered by patient and investigator frustrations. Learn how Parexel can help to streamline ... and patients. Our Patient Recruitment and Strategy Group gives you solutions to identify volunteers, then keep them engaged ... Patient recruitment materials provided site investigators and Consent+, our award-winning electronic informed consent platform ... A new paradigm in development to reimburse investigators within 60 days of patient visit, rather than the typical 6 months ...

https://www.parexel.com/solutions/clinical-development-services/clinical-trial-methodology-foresite/clinical-trial-execution

This fact points to a stricter selection of patients with high medical risks and therefore to better discrimination of patients ... Patient Selection for Carotid Endarterectomy. How Far Is Risk Modeling Applicable to the Individual?. Alain Barth, Claudio ... The selection criteria of Rothwell et al were prospectively applied to all patients without influencing the decision to operate ... In the present study, the selection model of Rothwell et al10 was prospectively applied to a consecutive series of patients ...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/34/2/524

patient selection strategy linked to target expression on the tumor is thus critically important.... ... "The development of a patient selection strategy linked to target expression on the tumor is thus critically important for ... Article Highlights Importance of Careful Patient Selection in Mesothelioma Immunotherapy Treatment, According to Surviving ... Written for patients and their loved ones, Surviving Mesothelioma news helps families make more informed decisions. ...

http://www.prweb.com/releases/2017/04/prweb14209653.htm

Home › EAU News › All › Patient selection: crucial in RCC treatment. Patient selection: crucial in RCC treatment. 26 February ... With the entry of so-called targeted therapy (TT), patient selection and individualised treatment strategies will become more ... Bex, meanwhile, stressed in his lecture that patients selection will prove crucial. ... "Its all about selection," Bex said. In his concluding remarks he underscored the following:. - There is no evidence supporting ...

https://uroweb.org/patient-selection-crucial-in-rcc-treatment/

The male factor of infertility should not be an issue for the selection of patients for extended embryo culture programmes. ... Uterus transplantation for absolute uterine factor infertility: Ethics, patient selection, and consent. Authors. Mats ... This topic will discuss the ethics, indications, and patient selection for uterus transplantation, an experimental approach to ... The purpose of this topic is to provide information on this developing technology for clinicians and patients; the topic is not ...

https://www.uptodate.com/contents/uterus-transplantation-for-absolute-uterine-factor-infertility-ethics-patient-selection-and-consent

While "good patient selection" may sound like a simple objective, achieving good patient selection remains a constantly ... Patient selection in TEVAR requires better risk stratification to better select patients for this new procedure. ... By using these guidelines to improve patient selection, our risk models can help patients, physicians, and policymakers improve ... By using these guidelines to improve patient selection, our risk models can help patients, physicians, and policymakers improve ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/scientifica/2012/132370/

To the Editor We congratulate Grant et al1 on their multi-centre study on the impact of endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) on clinical outcomes. Their results echoed nicely with the studies by Dacey et al2 and Ouzounian et al3 who showed EVH is not an independent predictor of inhospital or mid-term adverse outcomes. However, it is interesting to note that only 12.4% of their studied population received EVH. The study also highlighted the … ...

https://heart.bmj.com/content/98/12/959.1

Use of lung transplantation survival models to refine patient selection in cystic fibrosis.. Liou TG1, Adler FR, Huang D. ... Identifying characteristics that affect post-transplantation survival may improve patient selection and survival benefit. Using ... Transplantation never improves survivorship for pediatric patients. Patients with arthropathy, B. cepacia infection, or younger ... Adult patients with low 5-year predicted survival without B. cepacia infection should receive priority for lung transplantation ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695493?dopt=Abstract

Patient Selection for Urodynamic Studies. The history and physical examination alone may not provide sufficient and accurate ... Selection of patients for complex urodynamic testing can be difficult. Universally agreed-upon criteria for complex testing do ... Patients with low flow rates may be at risk for prolonged catheterization. In one study, 38% of the patients with abnormal ... Patient position during testing varies, but most commonly, the patient is sitting, semi-erect, or standing. The catheters ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1988665-overview

The entire paper can be read here ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE FOR PROSTATE CANCER: PATIENT SELECTION AND MANAGEMENT. Diagnosed 96: Age ... Active surveillance for prostate cancer: patient selection and management L. Klotz, MD is a paper published in last months ... HealingWell.com Forum , Diseases & Conditions , Prostate Cancer , Active surveillance patient selection and management ... By the way, I dont really think your "Main Uro" would be so stupid as to say that 30% of AS patients die of PC. My guess is ...

https://www.healingwell.com/community/default.aspx?f=35&m=1935482

Change of Patient Selection Strategy and Improved Surgical Outcome in MRI-negative Neocortical Epilepsy.. Moon HJ1, Kim DW2, ... The new patient selection strategy led to a significant increase in the concordance between two or more modalities. The ... as a new patient selection strategy for MRI-negative neocortical epilepsy surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate ... The old group consisted of 89 patients and the new one consisted of 53 patients. Clinical characteristics, presurgical ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28101477

... to support patient selection and efficacy evaluation in its global clinical trials, Aprinoia said, through a deal whose value ... Home Neurological Disorders Alzheimers Celgene Licenses Aprinoia Tau PET Tracer APN-1607 to Support Patient Selection in... ... Celgene Licenses Aprinoia Tau PET Tracer APN-1607 to Support Patient Selection in Trials. January 2, 2019. 0 ... to support patient selection and efficacy evaluation in its global clinical trials, Aprinoia said today, through a deal whose ...

https://www.genengnews.com/news/celgene-licenses-aprinoia-tau-pet-tracer-apn-1607-to-support-patient-selection-in-trials/

Clinical indicators results for Memorial Hermann hospitals when compared to the current benchmarks for antibiotic selection for ...

http://www.memorialhermann.org/about-us/clinical-indicators-antibiotic-selection-icu-non-icu-patients/

... optimal patient selection remains challenging due to substantial treatment heterogeneity among patients who meet the clinical ... patient sample (test dataset). Among 990 patients receiving CRT the mean age was 71.6 (SD, 11.8), 78.1% were male, 87.2% non- ... Patients accrued on average 75 clinical notes (SD, 29) before the procedure including data not captured anywhere else in the ... A machine learning model was built using 80% of the patient sample (training and validation dataset), and tested on a held-out ...

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0222397

Careful selection of high-risk patients for immediate intervention with locoregional muscle flaps may reduce surgical ... Appropriate patient selection may yield reduced morbidity in spinal resection. Devulapalli C, et al. Plast Reconstruct Surg. ... Careful selection of high-risk patients for immediate intervention with locoregional muscle flaps may reduce surgical ... Careful selection of high-risk patients for immediate intervention with locoregional muscle flaps may reduce surgical ...

https://www.healio.com/aesthetics/body-aesthetics/news/online/%7B1ba58b51-2684-4bf8-a33d-6d1c8c50073c%7D/appropriate-patient-selection-may-yield-reduced-morbidity-in-spinal-resection

Corus CAD is intended for use in stable patients presenting with non-acute typical and atypical symptoms suggestive of ... Corus CAD Patient Selection The Corus CAD test is intended for use in patients who present with stable symptoms suggestive of ...

http://www.cardiodx.com/corus-cad/patient-selection/

... today announced the joint development of a decision support system that allows clinicians and patients to choose from available ... Pharmacotherapy selection system supports shared clinician-patient decision-making in diabetes treatment. ... Pharmacotherapy selection system supports shared clinician-patient decision-making in diabetes treatment ... Pharmacotherapy selection system supports shared clinician-patient decision-making in diabetes treatment ...

http://www.hitachi.com/rd/news/2018/0312.html

Check out content recommended for you by our medical editors (based on your scope of practice selections in your work profile) ... and patient safety MOC credit] in the American Board of Internal Medicines (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. ... allowing you to stay abreast of developments in your field and improve your standards of care for your patients. ... Improvement in Medical Practice and/or Patient Safety requirements for the American Board of Ophthalmologys Maintenance of ...

https://www.audio-digest.org/Courses/Patient-Selection-for-Premium-Intraocular-Lenses/11945

The aim of this review is to describe specific indications and patients who may benefit from robotic-assisted hysterectomy. ... and obese patients. In the future, additional evidence regarding the benefits of single-site robotic hysterectomy may further ... Minimally invasive hysterectomy via the laparoscopic or vaginal approach is beneficial to patients when compared with ... patient selection and perspectives Noam Smorgick Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assaf Harofe Medical Center, ...

https://www.dovepress.com/robotic-assisted-hysterectomy-patient-selection-and-perspectives-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJWH

... while consulting with physicians to support a multidisciplinary based patient selection. In addition, psychologists take part ... substantiating the need for standardized assessment techniques to incorporate psychosocial factors in patient selection. ... in preparing patients who were initially deemed unsuitable for SCS by providing recommendations and potential access to ... Patient Selection for Spinal Cord Stimulators: Mental Health Perspective Research has shown that psychosocial factors can ...

https://www.upress.umn.edu/test-division/bibliography/2010-2019/2014/c243e4ff965f49c0b63d689ac17f6a06

... when matching patients and physicians on the basis of value and quality rather than costs and outcomes can help a patient ... Patient-Centered Physician Selection: A Necessary First Step for Accountable Care. Brian Powers, BA and Sachin H. Jain MD, MBA ... There is a notable gap in our system wide efforts to promote accountable, patient-centered care: physician selection. The past ... Patients are sensitive to system characteristics such as wait times, the use of patient portals, physician use of electronic ...

https://www.ajmc.com/journals/ajac/2014/2014-1-vol2-n2/patient-centered-physician-selection-a-necessary-first-step-for-accountable-care

Bernabéu discusses several examples of patients for whom multifocal lenses are not suitable.

The product… ... speaks about the importance of patient selection when it comes to implanting trifocal intraocular lenses. Dr. ... The Importance of Patient Selection Gonzalo Bernabéu, MD. Channels: Cataract Surgery Gonzalo Bernabéu, MD, speaks about the ... Gonzalo Bernabéu, MD, speaks about the importance of patient selection when it comes to implanting trifocal intraocular lenses ...

https://eyetube.net/collections/rayner-surgery/the-importance-of-patient-selection/

Patient selection for.... *Patient selection for high sensitivity cardiac troponin testing and diagnosis of myocardial ... To ensure that every eligible patient was included and avoid selection bias, consent was not sought from patients. All results ... of all patients. Type 1 myocardial infarction adjudicated in 68 (4.2%) patients, with 102 (6.3%) and 245 (15.0%) patients ... 500 patients, medium dot 500-1500 patients, large dot ,1500 patients). Blue line represents central estimate of positive ...

https://www.bmj.com/content/359/bmj.j4788.full

Both sides now say they want jury selection to begin on August 31, but the judge still needs to sign off on that. (gossipnewskiosk.com)
Judge Emily Miskel live-streamed the jury selection process via her YouTube channel on Monday morning. (dlsserve.com)
During the jury selection process, Miskel coached potential jurors on how to use Zoom on their devices. (dlsserve.com)

Details: Browse Habands special selection of women's apparel and accessories by top brands, including Dr. Scholl's, Easy Street, American Sweetheart and Hush Puppies. (miningwatch.ru)
Men's and women's clothing and shoes available, lots of good selections, tailored to our dancing needs! (lindyshopper.com)

Whether you only need a simple colour selection appointment, or want our most comprehensive and detailed design service, we know you will leave with a clear vision for your home. (ethosinteriors.com.au)
Even our colour selection appointment includes a specification, as it's the most important detail to give to your team! (ethosinteriors.com.au)

Check out our bible verse decals for walls selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our wall decals & murals shops. (politicayeconomia.cl)

But do please be patient and know it may extend into the afternoon. (reduser.net)
Please be patient and respectful and do not expect an immediate response to your application. (fairytail-rp.com)
Please be patient and ride with our group rather than taking off early on your own if at all possible. (bentrideronline.com)
We receive information about your qualification from the site approximately twice a month, so please be patient. (naturerbebio.com)
Please be patient, it might take me a while to finish it. (bogdanszydlowski.pl)
Please be patient if your comment does not appear immediately. (unitboston.com)
Please be patient as each item is made individually, just for you! (laganjaestranja.com)
Please be patient. (replicamagic3.to)

Anyway, over the years he has collected hundreds of eyewitness reports from members of the public and hospital staff etc of strange occurrences when people are close to death, a selection of which have been documented in this book. (debunkingskeptics.com)
A young patient with carbon monoxide poisoning bats tennis balls down a long hospital corridor. (theseoultimes.com)
When sending flowers directly to the hospital, it's always best to check with the hospital to see if the mother is still a patient. (winghamflowerdelivery.com.au)
HOSPITAL patients have helped inspire new artwork aimed at reducing the impact of their immobility. (artforguernsey.com)

One is self-report - the patient actually tells us that she wants to achieve a particular goal. (behavior.net)

Or maybe I am just becoming less patient with those humans (the ones who do really stupid things. (online-literature.com)

Our wide selection is eligible for free shipping and free returns. (rentbikephuket.ru)

They also include a large selection of different cards to play with, and even a few that are not available for the game to play on. (sbo1112.com)
Once we have your lens prescription we have a large selection of frames for all ages. (hallandlauryopticians.com)

Online shopping for Industrial & Scientific from a great selection of End Mills, Arbor Type Milling Cutters, Shank Type Milling Cutters & more at everyday low prices. (bogdanszydlowski.pl)
Also have a great selection in jewelry. (donvictorjewelers.com)

Whether purchasing for a breast cancer patient. (selfiestar.lv)
HEADstrong offers a unique selection of fun, simple, and accessible fundraisers that allow both teams and individual athletes to give back and fundraise for cancer no matter where they are! (headstrong.org)
Game Hair Havoc encourages female lacrosse players to style their hair in honor of cancer patients. (headstrong.org)

To be as clinically relevant as possible, the book includes sections that specifically address the clinical choice and use of drugs in patients and the monitoring of their effects, and case studies that introduce clinical problems in many chapters. (uwi.edu)
Our selection of products includes stair lifts , platform lifts , patient lifts , ramps and home elevators . (mobilityworks.com)
Proper eye care from us includes a thorough eye examination and careful selection and fitting of your eye ware needs. (hallandlauryopticians.com)
Students may choose from the school's selection of online music teacher degree that includes Associate's Degree, Bachelor's Degree, Post-Baccalaureate Program, Master's Degree, and Doctoral Degree. (rockstardubai.com)

You will discover that this process is very easy to do, but you may need to be 인터넷 바카라 patient as you feel the process to generate a frequent stream of numbers. (mmmkorea-office.com)
She was so patient and even sweet with my young son during the process. (graficisme.com)

When patients complain that polarized lenses are not dark enough? (optiboard.com)
Hall & Laury Opticians offers an extensive selection of the latest fashion eye wear styles, lenses, contact lenses, and safety eye wear. (hallandlauryopticians.com)

In this instance, the hypnosis is conducted in between a clinical hypnotherapist and also patient. (hypnosiscdsdownloads.com)

The staff was patient, helpful, and seemed to be genuinely interested in helping us find the right pieces. (2danes.com)
Very friendly staff and a huge selection of modern furniture and decor. (2danes.com)
Retrieve, scan & file medical records as required ensuring accuracy Staff reception desk, updating computer on patients' arrival & dealing with a r. (ucas.com)
Hospitals and other facilities are struggling to fully protect patients, doctors, nurses, staff members, and visitors from a diverse range of threats. (atswi.com)

I do not make a good patient, and it's extremely frustrating and irritating to be limited in what I can do, and to be in as much pain as I am, from doing the simplest of tasks. (tramplingrose.com)
As it turns out, I won a giveaway over at Shannon's Kitchen Creations, and I will soon be receiving a selection of Food Should Taste Good chips! (tramplingrose.com)

They have a small selection of products available online, but it's definitely worth checking out. (dashofserendipity.com)

Our wide selection is elegible for free shipping and free returns, EASY INSTALLATION: Our indoor and outdoor sticker vinyl signs come ready to stick to most hard surfaces for an easy and stress-free installation, Genuine 925 Sterling Silver - Appx 0. (gacocharleville.fr)
Our wide selection is elegible for free shipping and free returns, 2 game modes: in the first game children will have to find the most insects with the Rainette tongue before Rainette jumps, Russian Imperial Faberge Style Jewelry. (gacocharleville.fr)
jewelry/ bracelet/ wristband making and more, makes it dissipate heat more faster and effective, 5-108MHZ Supports USB/SD card Specification: Size: 9, 20' FT 1/0 AWG WELDING/BATTERY CABLE 10' BLACK 10' BLUE 600V MADE IN USA COPPER , Our wide selection is elegible for free shipping and free returns. (selfiestar.lv)

There also is a selection of cards that you can buy individually. (sbo1112.com)

Than y'all so much for being so helpful and patient with me searching for the perfect floor! (woodswholesaleflooring.com)
Zorik was so patient and helpful and kindly answered all my questions and addressed my concerns. (myautolux.com)

Contact us today at 877-275-4903 or by clicking the link below regarding our selection of home stairlifts, ramp systems, and flexible financing options to suite your needs. (mobilityworks.com)

Slots casino titan online slots game selection. (glasscannonunplugged.com)

Long story short, we have some buggies lined up to throw dirt all over this bad boy so stay tuned, bear with us, and be as patient as possible until we have time to run this vBulletin 4 Buggy through the dirt! (minibuggy.net)
In addition to hair accessories, Forties Forward also had a nice selection of menswear accessories - ties, hats, and some silky boutonniere flowers just in time for that New Year's Eve lapel! (lindyshopper.com)
The entire time, he was fun, patient, made us feel comfortable and at ease in order to get the best pictures. (daphotostudio.com)

Use cases include kiosks in stores and use of iOS devices for single purposes such as for poll-takers or patient registration. (infoworld.com)

For example, pain level is not an easy thing for doctors to determine in terms of their patients. (thenakedscientists.com)
She's been indicted for allegedly defrauding investors out of hundreds of MILLIONS of dollars and deceiving hundreds of patients and doctors with the bogus tests. (gossipnewskiosk.com)
We provide retailers, brands, and doctors the ability drive traffic to their business through online ordering, patient scheduling, and a variety of effective marketing and advertising opportunities. (leafly.com)

Abdominal wounds, for example, need to be operated on within six hours in order for the patient to survive. (ramc-ww1.com)
Selection of the subject matter and order of its presentation are based on the authors' many years experience in teaching this material to thousands of medical, pharmacy, dental, podiatry, nursing, and other health science students. (uwi.edu)

The nuance of pain level requires the consciousness of the patient, telling the doctor what they feel, from the inside. (thenakedscientists.com)

I would like to say huge thanks for this dealer, he is very honest, patient and kind. (myautolux.com)
Students opting to get into this kind of field must be creative, buoyant, patient, and most of all, have the passion for music. (rockstardubai.com)
They were knowledgeable, kind and extremely patient while I worked through months of angst with my insurance company and asked countless questions about the details of the project. (t10construction.com)

Provided multiple selections of materials and vendors to choose from. (t10construction.com)

Sebastian at the location off of 99 was amazing and very patient. (exclusivefurniture.com)

Discussion forum for patients diagnosed with reduced ovarian reserve or those who responded poorly to ovarian stimulation. (ivf-infertility.com)
Forum for patients who are considering or have already undergone sex selection procedure. (ivf-infertility.com)

It was a smooth and collaborative experience from the shoot to the processing and to the final selection. (daphotostudio.com)

Once bike shops can actually get bikes back in stock your selection will be much broader. (bikeforums.net)
If you wish to change your selection, please set one of your currently selected items back to default. (winghamflowerdelivery.com.au)

In these situations Relay and/or Collecting Posts were set up where patients could be collected and transported by horse drawn ambulances. (ramc-ww1.com)

The story is told in a patient, observational style with methodical shots of the landscape, ranches, and of two white horses, whom Nando and his father tended to. (grasshopperfilm.com)

Pricing varies by geography, product selection, and level of service. (leafly.com)

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We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! (graficisme.com)

If you're current bike works for you, I would advise to be patient and wait for the supply chain problems caused by the pandemic to resolve. (bikeforums.net)

Anatomy5

Organisms2

Diseases39

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment130

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations6

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities1

Information Science11

Health Care53

Geographicals2

Geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic variations in the investigation and management of coronary heart disease in Scotland. (1/7350)

Early death during chemotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer: derivation of a prognostic index for toxic death and progression. (2/7350)

Peritoneal cytology in the surgical evaluation of gastric carcinoma. (3/7350)

Profound variation in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in human blood cells: major implications for the detection of partly deficient patients. (4/7350)

The effect of race and sex on physicians' recommendations for cardiac catheterization. (5/7350)

Studies on structural changes of the carotid arteries and the heart in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. (6/7350)

Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms: selecting patients for surgery. (7/7350)

Repair of ruptured thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is worthwhile in selected cases. (8/7350)

No images available that match "patient selection"

Patient Selection

Selection, Genetic

Treatment Outcome

Teaching Rounds

Retrospective Studies

Postoperative Complications

Clinical Trials as Topic

Follow-Up Studies

Time Factors

Prognosis

Fetal Therapies

Risk Assessment

Predictive Value of Tests

Models, Genetic

Risk Factors

Prospective Studies

Survival Rate

Evolution, Molecular

Reoperation

Antineoplastic Agents

Survival Analysis

Biological Evolution

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Genetic Variation

Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic

Mutation

Selection Bias

Preoperative Care

Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures

Stroke

Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive

Combined Modality Therapy

Prosthesis Design

Heart Failure

Cardiac Catheterization

Reproducibility of Results

Molecular Sequence Data

Liver Neoplasms

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Laparoscopy

Intraoperative Complications

Multivariate Analysis

Neoplasms

Endoscopy

Neoplasm Staging

Age Factors

Heart-Assist Devices

Algorithms

Prostheses and Implants

Genetics, Population

Recurrence

Angioplasty

Cryosurgery

Aortic Valve Stenosis

Phylogeny

Severity of Illness Index

Thrombolytic Therapy

Endarterectomy, Carotid

Prosthesis Implantation

Stents

Heart Valve Prosthesis

Kaplan-Meier Estimate

Hepatectomy

Practice Guidelines as Topic

Liver Transplantation

Disease-Free Survival

Feasibility Studies

Salvage Therapy

Catheterization

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Base Sequence

United States

Equipment Design

Molecular Targeted Therapy

Cohort Studies

Sensitivity and Specificity

Lung Neoplasms