Chondromalacia Patellae
Patellar Ligament
Patellofemoral Joint
Nail-Patella Syndrome
Cartilage, Articular
Dislocations
Prochloron
Osteoarthritis, Knee
Joint Instability
Tibia
Range of Motion, Articular
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Quadriceps Muscle
Bone Wires
Mollusca
Joint Diseases
Anatomic Landmarks
Biomechanical Phenomena
Lead
Tendons
Bone Malalignment
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
The clinical manifestations and pathomechanics of contracture of the extensor mechanism of the knee. (1/666)
Experience with thirty-eight Asian children and adolescents who presented with either stiffness of the knee, genu recurvatum, habitual dislocation of the patella or congenital lateral dislocation of the patella showed that all those disorders were manifestations of contracture of the extensor mechanism, which fell into two groups according to the components involved. In Group I the main components affected were in the midline of the limb, namely rectus femoris and vastus intermedius; these patients presented with varying degrees of stiffness of the knee, or worse, with genu recurvatum. In Group II the main components involved were lateral to the midline of the limb, namely vastus lateralis and the ilio-tibial band; these patients presented with habitual dislocation of the patella, or worse, congenital lateral dislocation of the patella. In both groups untreated patients developed secondary adaptive changes such as subluxation of the tibia or marked genu valgum which made operative procedures more formidable and less effective. Release of the contracture should therefore be performed as early as possible. (+info)An operation for chronic prepatellar bursitis. (2/666)
An operation for chronic prepatellar bursitis is described in which only the posterior wall of the bursa is excised, thus preserving, undamaged, healthy and normally sensitive skin. This procedure is easier and less traumatic than complete excision of the bursa and results in fewer complications. It is suggested that removal of tha anterior wall of the bursa results in unnecessary and harmful interference with the underlying skin. The operation described gives a good functional and structural result; leaving the anterior wall of the bursa does not predispose to recurrence. (+info)The locked patella. An unusual complication of haemophilia. (3/666)
Mechanical derangements of the knee are an uncommon complication of chronic haemophiliac arthropathy. Two patients with locking of the patella were treated by manipulation. The mechanism of the injury was forced flexion of the knee joint beyond the limit of its restricted range. The injury is a serious one and may take six months to recover. (+info)Histomorphometry of the aging human patella: histologic criteria and controls. (4/666)
OBJECTIVE: A histomorphometric analysis of patellae from necropsies on persons between the third and tenth decades of life was carried out to trace the natural history of osteoarthritis. DESIGN: Minutiae of the histological changes in the surface and basilar portions of the articular cartilage were developed as criteria for the quantitation. A total of 99 patellas were harvested in the stated age range. The present study reports the results of ten grossly and radiologically normal specimens from subjects 23-32 years old served as controls. RESULTS: None of the control patellae were entirely histologically normal. Abnormality of the cartilage surface did not consistently proceed remodeling at the attachment to the subchondral plate. CONCLUSIONS: This observation throws into question the concept that osteoarthritis has a single histogenesis or always arises in articular cartilage. (+info)Knee pain and the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve. (5/666)
Pain over the front of the knee is common after surgery or trauma but often a definite diagnosis is difficult to make. Over the past year we have seen five cases in which the pain could be ascribed to damage to a branch of the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve. Two were subsequent to trauma and three to surgical procedures. In all five cases surgical exploration gave symptomatic relief. Eight cadaveric knees were prosected to explore further the anatomy of this nerve in relation to the injuries. Injury to one of these branches should be considered in cases of persistent anterior, anteromedial or anterolateral knee pain or neurological symptoms following surgery or trauma. (+info)Bone scintigraphy in chronic knee pain: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging. (6/666)
OBJECTIVE: To compare increased bone uptake of 99Tcm-MDP and magnetic resonance (MR) detected subchondral lesions, osteophytes, and cartilage defects in the knee in middle aged people with long-standing knee pain. METHODS: Fifty eight people (aged 41-58 years, mean 50) with chronic knee pain, with or without radiographic knee osteoarthritis, were examined with bone scintigraphy. The pattern and the grade of increased bone uptake was assessed. On the same day, a MR examination on a 1.0 T imager was performed. The presence and the grade of subchondral lesions, osteophytes, and cartilage defects were registered. RESULTS: The kappa values describing the correlation between increased bone uptake and MR detected subchondral lesions varied between 0.79 and 0.49, and between increased bone uptake and MR detected osteophytes or cartilage defects the values were < 0.54. The kappa values describing the correlation between the grade of bone uptake and the grade of the different MR findings was < 0.57. CONCLUSIONS: Good agreement was found between increased bone uptake and MR detected subchondral lesion. The agreement between increased bone uptake and osteophytes or cartilage defects was in general poor as well as the agreement between the grade of bone uptake and the grade of the MR findings. (+info)Knee cartilage topography, thickness, and contact areas from MRI: in-vitro calibration and in-vivo measurements. (7/666)
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the three-dimensional accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring articular surface topographies and cartilage thicknesses of human cadaveric knee joints, by comparison with the calibrated stereophotogrammetric (SPG) method. METHODS: Six fresh frozen cadaveric knees and the knees of four volunteers were imaged with a three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled acquisition with fat suppression using a linear extremity coil in a 1.5 T superconducting magnet. The imaging voxel size was 0.47 x 0.47 x 1.0 mm. Both a manual and a semi-automated segmentation method were employed to extract topographic measurements from MRI. Following MRI, each of the six cadaveric knees was dissected and its articular surfaces quantified using stereophotogrammetry. The MRI surface measurements were compared numerically with the SPG measurements. RESULTS: For six cadaveric knees, the average accuracies of cartilage and subchondral bone surface measurements were found to be 0.22 mm and 0.14 mm respectively and the thickness measurements demonstrated an average accuracy of 0.31 mm. It was found that while most of the error may be attributed to random measurement error, the accuracy was somewhat affected by systematic errors. For each bone of the knee, accuracies were most favorable in the patella, followed by the femur and then the tibia. The more efficient semi-automated method provided equally good and sometimes better accuracies than manual segmentation. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that clinical MRI can provide accurate measurements of cartilage topography, thickness, contact areas and surface curvatures of the knee. (+info)Localization of a gene for familial patella aplasia-hypoplasia (PTLAH) to chromosome 17q21-22. (8/666)
Patella aplasia-hypoplasia (PTLAH) is a rare genetic defect characterized by congenital absence or marked reduction of the patella. PTLAH can occur either as an isolated defect or in association with other malformations, and it characteristically occurs in the nail-patella syndrome and in some chromosome imbalances. We report the first evidence of linkage for isolated PTLAH in an extended Venezuelan family. After exclusion of the candidate chromosome regions where disorders associated with PTLAH have been mapped, a genomewide scan was performed that supported mapping of the disease locus within a region of 12 cM on chromosome 17q22. Two marker loci (D17S787 and D17S1604) typed from this region gave maximum LOD scores >3. Accordingly, multipoint analysis gave a maximum LOD score of 3.39, with a most likely location for the disease gene between D17S787 and D17S1604. Sequencing of the noggin gene, a candidate mapping between these markers, failed to reveal any mutation in affected subjects. (+info)Chondromalacia patellae is a condition that affects the cartilage beneath the kneecap (patella). The cartilage is a smooth, slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones and helps them glide smoothly over each other. In chondromalacia patellae, the cartilage becomes damaged or worn down, which can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knee. The exact cause of chondromalacia patellae is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to repetitive stress on the knee, such as from running, jumping, or kneeling for long periods of time. Other risk factors for chondromalacia patellae include being overweight, having weak leg muscles, and having a high-arched foot. Treatment for chondromalacia patellae typically involves rest, ice, and physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve flexibility. In some cases, a knee brace or orthotic device may be recommended to help support the knee and reduce stress on the cartilage. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace the damaged cartilage.
Cartilage diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the cartilage tissue in the body. Cartilage is a flexible, rubbery connective tissue that covers the ends of bones, provides cushioning between joints, and helps to maintain the shape of certain structures in the body. There are several types of cartilage diseases, including: 1. Osteoarthritis: This is the most common type of cartilage disease, which occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints breaks down, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. 2. Rheumatoid arthritis: This is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and damage to the cartilage and other tissues in the joints. 3. Osteochondritis dissecans: This is a condition in which a piece of cartilage and underlying bone separates from the joint surface, causing pain and swelling. 4. Chondromalacia patellae: This is a condition that affects the cartilage under the kneecap, causing pain and swelling. 5. Ectopic ossification: This is a condition in which bone forms in soft tissues, such as the muscles or tendons, leading to pain and limited mobility. 6. Chondrosarcoma: This is a rare type of cancer that develops in the cartilage tissue, causing pain, swelling, and other symptoms. Treatment for cartilage diseases depends on the specific condition and severity of the symptoms. It may include medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.
Patellar dislocation is a medical condition in which the kneecap (patella) is forced out of its normal position and moves out of the groove (trochlear groove) in the femur bone. This can happen due to a direct blow to the knee, a fall onto the knee, or repetitive stress on the knee. The patella is a small, triangular bone that sits at the front of the knee joint. It helps to protect the knee joint and allows for smooth movement of the leg. When the patella is dislocated, it can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee. Treatment for patellar dislocation typically involves physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve flexibility. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the patella and stabilize the knee joint. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have a patellar dislocation, as leaving it untreated can lead to long-term complications.
Nail-Patella Syndrome (NPS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the development of the nails, patella (kneecap), and other parts of the body. It is caused by a mutation in the LMX1B gene, which is responsible for the development of the limbs and other parts of the body. The symptoms of NPS can vary widely among individuals, but some common features include: - Abnormalities of the nails, such as thinning, ridging, or discoloration - Abnormalities of the patella, such as a small or absent patella, or a patella that is not properly aligned - Other skeletal abnormalities, such as short stature, bowing of the legs, or abnormalities of the fingers and toes - Eye abnormalities, such as cataracts or glaucoma - Hearing loss - Kidney abnormalities, such as small kidneys or kidney stones NPS is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means that a person only needs to inherit one copy of the mutated gene from one parent to develop the condition. The severity of the symptoms can vary widely among individuals, and some people with NPS may have only mild symptoms, while others may have more severe symptoms that affect their quality of life. Treatment for NPS is usually focused on managing the symptoms and complications of the condition, such as pain, joint problems, and kidney problems.
In the medical field, a dislocation refers to a condition in which a bone is displaced from its normal position in the joint. This can occur when the ligaments or muscles that hold the bone in place are torn or stretched beyond their normal limits, causing the bone to move out of alignment. Dislocations can occur in any joint in the body, but they are most common in the shoulder, elbow, hip, and knee. Symptoms of a dislocation may include severe pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected joint. In some cases, a dislocation may also be accompanied by a "pop" or "click" sound, and the affected area may appear deformed or misshapen. Treatment for a dislocation typically involves reducing the joint back into its proper position and immobilizing it to allow the ligaments and muscles to heal. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair torn ligaments or stabilize the joint. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect that you or someone else may have a dislocation, as untreated dislocations can lead to long-term joint damage and disability.
Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is a common condition that affects the knee joint. It is a type of arthritis that occurs when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones in the joint breaks down, leading to inflammation, pain, and stiffness. Over time, the bones may rub against each other, causing damage to the joint and reducing its ability to move freely. Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common cause of knee pain and disability, particularly in older adults. It can affect one or both knees and can be caused by a variety of factors, including age, injury, and genetics. Treatment options for osteoarthritis of the knee may include medications, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.
Joint instability refers to a condition in which the bones of a joint are not able to maintain their normal position and alignment. This can occur due to injury, disease, or other factors that cause the ligaments, tendons, or muscles that support the joint to become weakened or damaged. Joint instability can result in pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected joint. In severe cases, it can lead to long-term disability and chronic pain. Treatment for joint instability may include physical therapy, bracing, or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is a common condition that affects the knee joint, specifically the area where the kneecap (patella) and the femur (thigh bone) meet. It is also known as "runners knee" or "chondromalacia patella." The symptoms of PFPS include pain around the front of the knee, especially when going up or down stairs, kneeling, or squatting. The pain may also be present during activities such as running, jumping, or cycling. The exact cause of PFPS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to overuse, poor biomechanics, and weak muscles around the knee joint. Treatment options for PFPS may include physical therapy, stretching and strengthening exercises, pain management techniques, and in some cases, surgery.
Arthralgia is a medical term used to describe pain or discomfort in one or more joints. It is a common symptom that can be caused by a variety of conditions, including injury, inflammation, infection, or underlying medical conditions such as arthritis or fibromyalgia. Arthralgia can be acute, meaning it lasts for a short period of time, or chronic, meaning it persists for more than three months. It can affect any joint in the body, but is most commonly experienced in the hands, feet, knees, and hips. In some cases, arthralgia may be a symptom of a more serious underlying condition, such as gout or lupus. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if arthralgia persists or is accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, swelling, or redness in the affected joint.
Osteochondritis is a medical condition that affects the cartilage and underlying bone in a joint. It is commonly referred to as "septic arthritis" or "infected arthritis" because it can be caused by an infection in the joint. Osteochondritis can occur in any joint in the body, but it is most commonly seen in the knee, ankle, and elbow. The condition is more common in children and adolescents, but it can also occur in adults. The symptoms of osteochondritis can include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and redness. In some cases, the joint may also become warm to the touch. The pain may be worse when the joint is moved or when weight is placed on it. Treatment for osteochondritis typically involves antibiotics to treat the infection, as well as rest and physical therapy to help the joint heal. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or repair the joint.
Knee injuries refer to any type of damage or trauma that affects the knee joint, which is located at the lower end of the leg. The knee is a complex joint that allows for movement in multiple directions, and it is subject to a wide range of injuries, including: 1. Sprains: A sprain occurs when the ligaments that connect the bones in the knee joint are stretched or torn. This can happen when the knee is twisted or turned beyond its normal range of motion. 2. Strains: A strain occurs when the muscles or tendons surrounding the knee joint are stretched or torn. This can happen when the knee is subjected to sudden or excessive force. 3. Fractures: A fracture occurs when one or more bones in the knee joint are broken. This can happen as a result of a direct blow to the knee or from a fall or other injury. 4. Dislocations: A dislocation occurs when the bones in the knee joint are forced out of their normal position. This can happen as a result of a severe impact or from a sudden twist or turn of the knee. 5. Meniscal tears: The menisci are two C-shaped pads of cartilage that sit between the bones in the knee joint. A tear in one of these menisci can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee. 6. ACL tears: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four major ligaments in the knee joint. A tear in the ACL can cause instability in the knee and may require surgery to repair. 7. Patellar dislocations: The patella, or kneecap, is a small bone that sits in front of the knee joint. A dislocation occurs when the patella is forced out of its normal position, usually as a result of a direct blow to the knee. Knee injuries can range from minor to severe and can affect people of all ages and activity levels. Treatment options depend on the type and severity of the injury, and may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), physical therapy, medications, or surgery.
Joint diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the joints, which are the connective tissues that connect bones to each other. These diseases can cause pain, inflammation, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the affected joints. Joint diseases can be classified into several categories, including: 1. Osteoarthritis: A degenerative joint disease that occurs when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones wears down over time. 2. Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and damage to the lining of the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness. 3. Psoriatic arthritis: A type of arthritis that occurs in people with psoriasis, a chronic skin condition. 4. Gout: A type of arthritis that occurs when uric acid crystals build up in the joints, causing inflammation and pain. 5. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related arthritis: A type of arthritis that occurs in people with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. 6. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA): A type of arthritis that affects children and adolescents, causing joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. 7. Septic arthritis: A type of arthritis that occurs when bacteria or other microorganisms enter the joint and cause an infection. 8. Reactive arthritis: A type of arthritis that occurs in response to an infection, such as a sexually transmitted infection or a urinary tract infection. Joint diseases can be treated with a variety of methods, including medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and surgery. The specific treatment approach depends on the type and severity of the joint disease, as well as the individual's overall health and preferences.
In the medical field, "lead" can refer to several different things, including: 1. Lead poisoning: A condition caused by exposure to high levels of lead, which can damage the brain, kidneys, and other organs. Lead poisoning can occur through ingestion of lead-contaminated food or water, inhalation of lead dust or fumes, or absorption through the skin. 2. Lead shield: A protective covering made of lead or lead alloy used to shield patients and medical personnel from ionizing radiation during medical imaging procedures such as X-rays or CT scans. 3. Lead apron: A protective garment worn by medical personnel during procedures involving ionizing radiation to shield the body from exposure to harmful levels of radiation. 4. Lead acetate: A medication used to treat lead poisoning by binding to lead ions in the body and preventing them from being absorbed into the bloodstream. 5. Lead poisoning test: A medical test used to diagnose lead poisoning by measuring the level of lead in the blood or urine.
In the medical field, a cadaver refers to a dead human body that has been donated for the purpose of medical education, research, or training. Cadavers are often used in anatomy classes, surgical training, and other medical education programs to help students and professionals learn about the human body and its structures. The process of donating a body for medical use is known as body donation or anatomical donation. It involves signing a consent form and making arrangements with a medical school or other organization that accepts body donations. The body is then prepared for use through a process called embalming, which involves preserving the body with chemicals to prevent decay and decomposition. Cadavers are an important resource in medical education and research, as they provide a way for students and professionals to study the human body in detail and gain hands-on experience with surgical procedures and other medical techniques.
Bone malalignment refers to a condition where the bones in the body are not aligned properly, resulting in an abnormal position or orientation of the bones. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including injury, genetic factors, or developmental abnormalities. In the medical field, bone malalignment can be a serious condition that can lead to pain, limited mobility, and other complications. It can affect any part of the body, including the spine, hips, knees, and feet. Treatment for bone malalignment depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. In some cases, conservative treatments such as physical therapy, braces, or orthotics may be sufficient to correct the alignment. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the bones and restore proper function.
"Bone Diseases, Developmental" refers to a group of medical conditions that affect the development and growth of bones in the body. These conditions can be caused by genetic mutations, hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, or other factors that disrupt the normal process of bone formation and remodeling. Examples of developmental bone diseases include: 1. Osteogenesis imperfecta: A genetic disorder that causes bones to be weak and brittle, making them prone to fractures. 2. Rickets: A vitamin D deficiency that leads to softening and weakening of bones, particularly in children. 3. Osteopetrosis: A rare genetic disorder that causes bones to become abnormally dense and brittle, leading to fractures and other complications. 4. Osteomalacia: A vitamin D deficiency that causes bones to become soft and weak, particularly in adults. 5. Fibrous dysplasia: A genetic disorder that causes abnormal bone growth, leading to deformities and fractures. Treatment for developmental bone diseases depends on the specific condition and its severity. In some cases, medications or supplements may be prescribed to address underlying hormonal or nutritional imbalances. In other cases, surgery may be necessary to correct bone deformities or repair fractures. Physical therapy and other supportive measures may also be recommended to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Patella
Patella pellucida
Patella vulgata
Patella Island
Patella lugubris
Patella (disambiguation)
Patella ulyssiponensis
Patella variabilis
Patella (gastropod)
Lissoclinum patella
Patella aspera
Bipartite patella
Patella depressa
Patella ferruginea
Patella piperata
Patella skelettensis
Patella caerulea
Patella candei
Patella swakopmundensis
Patella rustica
Bulbophyllum patella
Luxating patella
Michael Patella
Patella fracture
Nail-patella syndrome
Attenuated patella alta
Chondromalacia patellae
List of ships built by Harland & Wolff (1930-2002)
List of ship launches in 1945
Charles Evans (businessman)
Nail-patella syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics
Patella Fractures: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Etiology
Class 2 Device Recall Prelude Patella Femoral Resurfacing Knee System
Patella tendonitis
Actimove Knee Support Closed Patella & 2 Stays - Compression Sleeve
CEP Mid Support Patella Strap
- Compression Store
Open Patella Hinge-Free Knee Support | PhysioRoom
Nail-Patella Syndrome-A Novel Mutation in the LMX1B Gene - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
Buy Patella Brace Online in UK - VKS.com
Pad Patella Buttress M
Physicians and An Online Presence : Patella Tendon Case Study - Howard J. Luks, MD
Aniridia-absent patella syndrome - Getting a Diagnosis - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
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Nail-Patella Syndrome - Pediatrics - MSD Manual Professional Edition
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Patella luxations (Proceedings)
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WikiChecker - Article:Patella (os) - Wikipedia
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LPM 756 CLOSED PATELLA KNEE SUPPORT
Thermoskin Knee Patella, Beige - The Therapy Connection
Open patella7
- The PhysioRoom Open Patella Knee Support is great for knee ligament injuries and knee joint pain. (physioroom.com)
- Open patella to reduce friction and increase mobility. (physioroom.com)
- What does an open patella knee brace do? (physioroom.com)
- An open Patella Knee Brace helps to support and relieve pressure on the knee from a knee injury or joint pain. (physioroom.com)
- An extra-soft patella pad protects and stabilises the knee cap, helping to prevent displacement, while the open patella gives ventilation and relieves pressure on the knee cap itself. (physioroom.com)
- The McDavid Knee Sleeve with Open Patella promotes the healing benefits of lightweight, primary support with an open knee design for added comfort. (mcdavidusa.com)
- Open patella to insure proper positioning on the leg. (dme-direct.com)
Tendon11
- A couple weeks ago I noticed some soreness in my right patella tendon and then a few days later in my left also. (startingstrength.com)
- CEP's Mid Support Compression Patella Strap provides support to patellar tendon to improve stability and tracking, helping to reduce pain during activity. (compressionstore.com)
- Patella Brace applies pressure on the tendon below the kneecap. (vks.com)
- On Sunday November 29th, Jimmy Graham of the Seattle Seahawks suffered a patella tendon tear. (howardluksmd.com)
- Within 10 minutes, 2500 came to this site, for more information about patella tendon tears and the treatment that would end the season for Mr Graham. (howardluksmd.com)
- By the end of the evening … more than 4,000 people found the patella tendon page on my site. (howardluksmd.com)
- That traffic carried through to Monday, November 30th where another 3,500 people came to read more about patella tendon tears and the end of the season for Jimmy Graham. (howardluksmd.com)
- The patella lies within the tendon of insertion of the quadriceps muscle. (dvm360.com)
- The part of the tendon between the apex or distal aspect of the patella and its insertion on the tibial tuberosity is called the patellar ligament. (dvm360.com)
- If orthopedic surgery is planned, MRI prior to surgery is recommended because joint structures (ie, ligament, tendon and muscle insertions, vessel locations) are typically distorted in patients with nail-patella syndrome. (medscape.com)
- The tendon of the quadriceps femoris completely encompasses the patella. (medscape.com)
Aspect of the patella1
- Fig 3a-b Articular displacement at the central aspect of the patella (a) and rotation (b), both measured between the proximal and distal fragments after 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 cycles and featuring complex fractures fixed by either anterior variable angle locked plating or tension band wiring in terms of mean and standard deviation. (aofoundation.org)
Underside of the patella3
- Each time the patella luxates there is potential cartilage damage on both the underside of the patella and the trochlea. (dvm360.com)
- Articular cartilage covers the ends of the femur and tibia, the trochlea, and the underside of the patella, helping with shock absorption and allowing the bones to glide smoothly against one another. (understandortho.com)
- The damaged cartilage on the underside of the patella is removed. (understandortho.com)
Kneecap4
- The patella is the kneecap and luxation means dislocating. (dogloverstore.com)
- The patella or kneecap is the largest sesamoid bone in the body and one of 4 in the stifle, the other three being the 2 of the gastrocnemius and the popliteal muscle. (dvm360.com)
- The knee joint is formed by three bones: the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), and the patella (kneecap). (understandortho.com)
- The round shape in the center of each knee represents the patella, or kneecap. (cdc.gov)
Posterior patella1
- The posterior patella articulates with the femur, but the apex sits proximal to the line of the knee joint. (medscape.com)
Nail-patella25
- Nail-patella syndrome is characterized by abnormalities of the nails, knees, elbows, and pelvis. (medlineplus.gov)
- The features of nail-patella syndrome vary in severity between affected individuals, even among members of the same family. (medlineplus.gov)
- Nail abnormalities are seen in almost all individuals with nail-patella syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
- Individuals with nail-patella syndrome also commonly have skeletal abnormalities involving the knees, elbows, and hips. (medlineplus.gov)
- Many individuals with nail-patella syndrome have horn-like outgrowths of the iliac bones of the pelvis (iliac horns). (medlineplus.gov)
- Iliac horns are very common in people with nail-patella syndrome and are rarely, if ever, seen in people without this condition. (medlineplus.gov)
- Other areas of the body may also be affected in nail-patella syndrome, particularly the eyes and kidneys. (medlineplus.gov)
- The prevalence of nail-patella syndrome is estimated to be 1 in 50,000 individuals. (medlineplus.gov)
- Mutations in the LMX1B gene cause nail-patella syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
- It is unclear how mutations in the LMX1B gene lead to the signs and symptoms of nail-patella syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
- Nail-patella syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
- Genotype-phenotype studies in nail-patella syndrome show that LMX1B mutation location is involved in the risk of developing nephropathy. (medlineplus.gov)
- Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is an autosomal-dominant pleiotropic disorder characterized by dyplasia of finger nails, skeletal anomalies and frequently renal disease. (amrita.edu)
- Nail-patella syndrome is a rare inherited disorder of mesenchymal tissue characterized by abnormalities of bones, joints, fingernails and toenails, and kidneys. (msdmanuals.com)
- There is no specific treatment for nail-patella syndrome, but proteinuria and hypertension can be treated with ACE inhibitors. (msdmanuals.com)
- Nail of a patient the nail-patella syndrome. (medscape.com)
- Although rarely palpable, they are radiographically visible in most patients with nail-patella syndrome. (medscape.com)
- [ 2 ] The third documented chromosomal linkage identified in humans was between the nail-patella syndrome locus and the ABO blood group on chromosome 9. (medscape.com)
- Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in LMX1B cause nail-patella syndrome. (medscape.com)
- Although the joint anomalies in nail-patella syndrome may limit range of motion (ROM), the associated glaucoma and nephropathy may be the most serious complication. (medscape.com)
- However, further investigation of a larger population of patients with nail-patella syndrome (ideally sporadic) is needed to determine if this genotype-phenotype correlation is valid outside large pedigrees of nail-patella syndrome, which may be simultaneously segregating nephropathy-related genes. (medscape.com)
- Nail-patella syndrome has been recognized for more than 100 years. (medscape.com)
- Nail-patella syndrome has been described in multiple populations. (medscape.com)
- Hypertension and renal disease are treated as in the general population, with recognition that ACE inhibitors have been shown to slow progression of proteinuria in nail-patella syndrome. (medscape.com)
- Glaucoma should also be treated as in the general population, but with increased surveillance in all patients with nail-patella syndrome (eg, annual ophthalmologic examination with glaucoma screening). (medscape.com)
Sleeve4
- The RCAI Pediatric Neoprene Knee Sleeve with Patella Ring #530-NKS provides children with support and compression for a variety of soft tissue injuries. (dme-direct.com)
- The sleeve is made out of latex-free neoprene and features a stitched in tubular buttress for providing support around the patella. (dme-direct.com)
- The RCAI Neoprene Knee Sleeve provides compression and warmth for strains, sprains, cruciate & ligament instability, and patella tendonitis injuries. (dme-direct.com)
- The RCAi Pediatric Neoprene Knee Sleeve with Patella Ring provides the right balance of comfort and effective patella stabilization just for children. (dme-direct.com)
Fractures9
- Patella fractures account for approximately 1% of all skeletal injuries. (medscape.com)
- In the 1800s, treatment of patella fractures was controversial. (medscape.com)
- Treatment of both simple and complex patella fractures represents a challenging clinical problem. (aofoundation.org)
- Recently, anterior variable angle locking plates have been developed for treatment of both simple and comminuted patella fractures (Fig 1). (aofoundation.org)
- The aim of this project was to investigate the biomechanical performance of the recently developed anterior variable angle locking plates vs tension band wiring used for fixation of simple and complex patella fractures. (aofoundation.org)
- Fig 1a-c Core (a), three-hole (b), and six-hole (c) standard Variable Angle Locking Anterior Patella Plates 2.7 designed for treatment of simple and complex patella fractures. (aofoundation.org)
- Sixteen pairs of human anatomical knee specimens were used to simulate either two-part transverse simple AO/OTA 34-C1 or five-part complex AO/OTA 34-C3 patella fractures by means of osteotomies, with each fracture model being created in eight pairs. (aofoundation.org)
- From a biomechanical perspective, anterior locked plating of both simple and complex patella fractures provides superior construct stability vs tension band wiring. (aofoundation.org)
- Patella Fractures are traumatic knee injuries caused by direct trauma or rapid contracture of the quadriceps with a flexed knee that can lead to loss of the extensor mechanism. (orthobullets.com)
Dislocation3
- The kneecaps (patellae) are small, irregularly shaped, or absent, and dislocation of the patella is common. (medlineplus.gov)
- Dislocation in a superior and lateral direction is common if patellae are present. (medscape.com)
- Excessive valgus with lateral dislocation of the patella may occur. (medscape.com)
Femoral condyles2
- The energy of the blow is absorbed by the fracture and may cause damage to the articular cartilage of both the patella and the femoral condyles. (medscape.com)
- The patella articulates anteriorly to the femoral condyles in the region of the intercondylar fossa (trochlear groove). (medscape.com)
Femur4
- As the knee bends and straightens, the patella moves back and forth within a groove on the femur called the trochlea . (understandortho.com)
- The knee is composed of 4 bones: the femur, tibia, fibula and patella. (medscape.com)
- The fibula does not articulate with the femur or patella. (medscape.com)
- The retinacula also maintain alignment of the patella relative to the patellar surface of the femur. (medscape.com)
Lateral1
- The vastus medialis and lateralis contribute to the patellar ligament medially and laterally through the medial and lateral retinacula, which make up the joint capsule of the knee on either side of the patella. (medscape.com)
Luxation9
- What is Patella Luxation? (dogloverstore.com)
- Small dogs are prone to patella luxation as often as big dogs. (dogloverstore.com)
- It's not uncommon to think big dogs are more prone to patella luxation because of their size and weight. (dogloverstore.com)
- The problem with Pomeranian's, and other small dogs, is that they are so small they often don't show obvious or concerning symptoms of patella luxation. (dogloverstore.com)
- When he went to the doctor, after limping one day, they discovered he already had stage 4 patella luxation. (dogloverstore.com)
- Vets are able to diagnose patella luxation by taking x-rays. (dogloverstore.com)
- According to wagnwoofpets.com, There are 4 Stages of Patella Luxation. (dogloverstore.com)
- What Can You Do About Patella Luxation? (dogloverstore.com)
- True traumatic luxation occurs in light of normal bony anatomy and is the result of disruption of soft tissues and forceful luxation of the patella. (dvm360.com)
Sesamoid bone2
- The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. (medscape.com)
- The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. (medscape.com)
Quadriceps1
- Another mechanism of injury to the patella is a tensile force, as is sustained with hyperflexion of the knee with an eccentric contraction of the quadriceps. (medscape.com)
Trochlea2
- In animals with patella luxations, the patella displaces from the normal positioning within the trochlea. (dvm360.com)
- The goal of patella microfracture surgery is to address cartilage injuries to the patella and trochlea in order to alleviate pain and restore a smooth joint surface. (understandortho.com)
Injuries1
- Microfracture surgery is performed to repair these articular cartilage injuries within the knee joint (Knee Microfracture Surgery) or behind the patella . (understandortho.com)
Irregularly shaped1
- The patella may be absent, small, or irregularly shaped. (medscape.com)
Articular cartilage1
- Patella microfracture surgery is an arthroscopic surgical procedure performed to repair damaged articular cartilage of the patella by making small holes in the bone to promote healing. (understandortho.com)
Distal1
- The distal end is wider and forms a double condyle that articulates with the tibia and patella. (medscape.com)
Clinical1
- The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effectiveness of patella rim electrocautery " denervation " versus no denervation in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). (bvsalud.org)
Cartilage1
- The patella is covered at its proximal aspect by thick cartilage. (medscape.com)
Compressive1
- The compressive forces applied to the patella result in a comminuted pattern. (medscape.com)
Genu2
- Dogs with continuous medially luxated patellas, especially young growing dogs, may have a 'bow-legged' appearance or genu varum. (dvm360.com)
- Dogs with continuous laterally luxated patellas, especially young large breed dogs, may have a 'knock-kneed' appearance or genu valgum. (dvm360.com)
Skip1
- Most owners will report that the dog uses the leg normally but will periodically skip, hop, kick out the leg or stretch the leg when the patella luxates. (dvm360.com)
Prone1
- The subcutaneous location of the patella makes it prone to injury. (medscape.com)
Extensor mechanism1
- Since the patella plays an important role in the entire extensor mechanism, abnormalities along the system can influence the function and position of the patella and vice versa. (dvm360.com)
Elbows1
- There is bilateral hypoplasia or absence of the patella, subluxation of the radial head at the elbows, and bilateral accessory iliac horns. (msdmanuals.com)
Anatomical1
- CEP's Mid Support Compression Patella Strap features a patented anatomical shaped, soft and flexible pad to ensure you get the exact support you need with minimal strap tension. (compressionstore.com)
Clinically1
- No clinically relevant benefit was detected from patella rim electrocautery in patients undergoing TKA who did not have patella resurfacing (including no benefit in terms of anterior knee pain ). (bvsalud.org)
Abnormal1
- Abnormal patellae are often noted in early childhood. (medscape.com)
Fragments1
- Treatment then progressed to excision of fractured patellar fragments or of the entire patella. (medscape.com)
Occur1
- Congenital or developmental patella luxations in small animals occur in both the dog and cat. (dvm360.com)
Support2
- This support, combined with its ability to adapt to a wide range of athletic movements, makes this the perfect patella strap to keep you off the sidelines. (compressionstore.com)
- Provides support, warmth, and patella stabilization. (dme-direct.com)
Elbow1
- Patellae and elbow anomalies may be asymmetric. (medscape.com)
Surgery4
- Without surgery, a luxating patella cannot be fixed. (dogloverstore.com)
- What is Patella Microfracture Surgery? (understandortho.com)
- Why is Patella Microfracture Surgery performed? (understandortho.com)
- Who needs Patella Microfracture Surgery? (understandortho.com)
Primary1
- Patella Denervation With Circumferential Electrocautery in Primary Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (bvsalud.org)
Small1
- A drill is used to make small holes in the exposed bone of the patella. (understandortho.com)
