Parotid gland. Medical search

The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately below and in front of the EAR.

Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.

Glands that secrete SALIVA in the MOUTH. There are three pairs of salivary glands (PAROTID GLAND; SUBLINGUAL GLAND; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND).

A benign tumor characterized histologically by tall columnar epithelium within a lymphoid tissue stroma. It is usually found in the salivary glands, especially the parotid.

One of two salivary glands in the neck, located in the space bound by the two bellies of the digastric muscle and the angle of the mandible. It discharges through the submandibular duct. The secretory units are predominantly serous although a few mucous alveoli, some with serous demilunes, occur. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans. (Stedman, 25th ed) EC 3.2.1.-.

A salivary gland on each side of the mouth below the TONGUE.

Proteins and peptides found in SALIVA and the SALIVARY GLANDS. Some salivary proteins such as ALPHA-AMYLASES are enzymes, but their composition varies in different individuals.

A benign, slow-growing tumor, most commonly of the salivary gland, occurring as a small, painless, firm nodule, usually of the parotid gland, but also found in any major or accessory salivary gland anywhere in the oral cavity. It is most often seen in women in the fifth decade. Histologically, the tumor presents a variety of cells: cuboidal, columnar, and squamous cells, showing all forms of epithelial growth. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Any of the ducts which transport saliva. Salivary ducts include the parotid duct, the major and minor sublingual ducts, and the submandibular duct.

The discharge of saliva from the SALIVARY GLANDS that keeps the mouth tissues moist and aids in digestion.

INFLAMMATION of the PAROTID GLAND.

Glands of external secretion that release its secretions to the body's cavities, organs, or surface, through a duct.

Decreased salivary flow.

Radiography of the SALIVARY GLANDS or ducts following injection of contrast medium.

Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SALIVARY GLANDS and mucous glands of the mouth. It contains MUCINS, water, organic salts, and ptylin.

MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.

Protein domains that are enriched in PROLINE. The cyclical nature of proline causes the peptide bonds it forms to have a limited degree of conformational mobility. Therefore the presence of multiple prolines in close proximity to each other can convey a distinct conformational arrangement to a peptide chain.

Aquaporin 5 is a water-specific channel protein that is expressed primarily in alveolar, tracheal, and upper bronchial EPITHELIUM. It plays an important role in maintaining water HOMEOSTASIS in the LUNGS and may also regulate release of SALIVA and TEARS in the SALIVARY GLANDS and the LACRIMAL GLAND.

Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.

A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)

A malignant tumor arising from secreting cells of a racemose gland, particularly the salivary glands. Racemose (Latin racemosus, full of clusters) refers, as does acinar (Latin acinus, grape), to small saclike dilatations in various glands. Acinar cell carcinomas are usually well differentiated and account for about 13% of the cancers arising in the parotid gland. Lymph node metastasis occurs in about 16% of cases. Local recurrences and distant metastases many years after treatment are common. This tumor appears in all age groups and is most common in women. (Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)

Accessory salivary glands located in the lip, cheek, tongue, floor of mouth, palate and intramaxillary.

A fistula between a salivary duct or gland and the cutaneous surface of the oral cavity.

Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.

A usually benign tumor made up predominantly of myoepithelial cells.

Presence of small calculi in the terminal salivary ducts (salivary sand), or stones (larger calculi) found in the larger ducts.

Sweat-producing structures that are embedded in the DERMIS. Each gland consists of a single tube, a coiled body, and a superficial duct.

A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.

A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.

An autonomic disorder characterized by excessive sweating of the forehead, upper lip, perioral region, or sternum subsequent to gustatory stimuli. The auriculotemporal syndrome features facial flushing or sweating limited to the distribution of the auriculotemporal nerve and may develop after trauma to the parotid gland, in association with PAROTID NEOPLASMS, or following their surgical removal. (From Ann Neurol 1997 Dec;42(6):973-5)

The tear-forming and tear-conducting system which includes the lacrimal glands, eyelid margins, conjunctival sac, and the tear drainage system.

Small, sacculated organs found within the DERMIS. Each gland has a single duct that emerges from a cluster of oval alveoli. Each alveolus consists of a transparent BASEMENT MEMBRANE enclosing epithelial cells. The ducts from most sebaceous glands open into a HAIR FOLLICLE, but some open on the general surface of the SKIN. Sebaceous glands secrete SEBUM.

A sebaceous gland that, in some animals, acts as an accessory to the lacrimal gland. The harderian gland excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the third eyelid.

The craniosacral division of the autonomic nervous system. The cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are in brain stem nuclei and in the sacral spinal cord. They synapse in cranial autonomic ganglia or in terminal ganglia near target organs. The parasympathetic nervous system generally acts to conserve resources and restore homeostasis, often with effects reciprocal to the sympathetic nervous system.

The 7th cranial nerve. The facial nerve has two parts, the larger motor root which may be called the facial nerve proper, and the smaller intermediate or sensory root. Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and SALIVARY GLANDS, and convey afferent information for TASTE from the anterior two-thirds of the TONGUE and for TOUCH from the EXTERNAL EAR.

Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.

A pair of glands located at the cranial pole of each of the two KIDNEYS. Each adrenal gland is composed of two distinct endocrine tissues with separate embryonic origins, the ADRENAL CORTEX producing STEROIDS and the ADRENAL MEDULLA producing NEUROTRANSMITTERS.

Calculi occurring in a salivary gland. Most salivary gland calculi occur in the submandibular gland, but can also occur in the parotid gland and in the sublingual and minor salivary glands.

The removal or interruption of some part of the sympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

The region of the face on either side, around the PAROTID GLAND.

Diseases of the trigeminal nerve or its nuclei, which are located in the pons and medulla. The nerve is composed of three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular, which provide sensory innervation to structures of the face, sinuses, and portions of the cranial vault. The mandibular nerve also innervates muscles of mastication. Clinical features include loss of facial and intra-oral sensation and weakness of jaw closure. Common conditions affecting the nerve include brain stem ischemia, INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS, and TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA.

CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY that combines several intensity-modulated beams to provide improved dose homogeneity and highly conformal dose distributions.

The amount of a substance secreted by cells or by a specific organ or organism over a given period of time; usually applies to those substances which are formed by glandular tissues and are released by them into biological fluids, e.g., secretory rate of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex, secretory rate of gastric acid by the gastric mucosa.

Techniques, procedures, and therapies carried out on diseased organs in such a way to avoid complete removal of the organ and preserve the remaining organ function.

An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of PAIN, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses.

Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Vesicles derived from the GOLGI APPARATUS containing material to be released at the cell surface.

A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in women between the ages of 20 and 45.

Tuberculosis of the mouth, tongue, and salivary glands.

An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173)

Drugs that bind to and activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors (RECEPTORS, MUSCARINIC). Muscarinic agonists are most commonly used when it is desirable to increase smooth muscle tone, especially in the GI tract, urinary bladder and the eye. They may also be used to reduce heart rate.

Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.

An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

Fine structure and cytochemistry of the intralobular ducts of the human parotid gland. (1/1132)

An intralobular duct of a human parotid gland has two parts, an intercalated part and a striated part. Intercalated ducts are lined with low cuboidal cells endowed with scanty cytoplasmic organelles. Striated ducts are lined with columnar cells rich in mitochondria and glycogen particles, and are characterized by extensive infoldings of the basal plasma membrane. The apical cytoplasm of the cells of the striated ducts shows a number of membrane-bound granules having a diameter of about 0-15 mum. These granules contain material of varying electron density which does not react with silver or with the histochemical reagents employed in the present study. Thus, on the basis of their small size and histochemical characteristics, they are distinct from the large and dense secretory granules observed in the so-called granular striated ducts of some animals. In addition, cells of striated ducts contain lysosomes, peroxisomes, and large lipoid bodies which give histochemical reactions typical of lipofuscins. Bodies of myoepithelial cells have been observed only in intercalated ducts. Their processes, however, extend into the proximal parts of striated ducts. (+info)

Origin of acinar cell regeneration after atrophy of the rat parotid induced by duct obstruction. (2/1132)

Acinar cell regeneration in the rat parotid gland after atrophy induced by a one week period of duct obstruction was examined using histology, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For immunohistochemistry, antibodies to 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), injected one hour before tissue collection, and cytokeratin were employed. When clips were removed from the duct, only ductal epithelial cells remained; all acinar cells had been deleted. Some duct cells were BrdU positive. After three days, newly-formed acini comprising immature acinar cells had appeared; many of the cells were BrdU positive and mitotic figures were readily identified. Thereafter progressive acinar cell maturation and proliferation occurred, parotid gland weight returning to control levels by 7 days. Peak BrdU labelling indices for duct and acinar cells were on days 0 and 4, respectively. By TEM, cytoplasmic organelles in epithelial cells of transitional duct-acinar structures seen at 2 days were poorly developed. Immature acinar cells seen on day 3 contained zymogen granules and had increased endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. By day 5, maturing acinar cells had abundant endoplasmic reticulum and zymogen granules, resembling acinar cells in control glands. These observations indicated origin of acinar cell precursors from duct cells during regeneration of the acinar cell-free atrophic gland. Subsequent expansion of the acinar cell population was dependent on maturation and proliferation of these newly-formed cells. (+info)

Secretion of old versus new exportable protein in rat parotid slics. Control by neurotransmitters. (3/1132)

The possibility that old and new secretory granules do not mix and that older exportable protein can be secreted preferentially was tested on parotid gland in vitro. Slices from fasted animals were pulse labeled for 3 min with L-[3H]leucine. Subcellular fractionstion showed that after 1 90-min chase period, the formation of new labeled secretory granules was mostly completed. The ratio of label in secretory granules to label in microsomes increased 250-fold during the period 5--90 min postpulse. After the 90-min chase, a submaximal rate of secretion was initiated by adding a low concentration of isoproterenol to the slices. Preferential secretion of old unlabeled exportable protein was evident from the finding that the percent of total amylase secreted was 3.5-fold greater than the percent of labeled protein secreted. Preferential secretion of old unlabeled exportable amylase was undiminished even when the chase period before addition of isoproterenol was extended to 240 min. Such long chase incubations were still meaningful due to the fact that the spontaneous rat of amylase release and radioactive protein release from the slices was negligibly low. A high isoproterenol concentration added to the slices after a 90-min chase produced the following results. An initial phase of preferential secretion of old unlabeled protein was soon replaced by secretion of a random mixture of new and old exportable protein. Electron micrographs indicated that high rates of secretion involved sequential fusion of secretory granules so that the lumen extended deep into the cell where the new labeled granules were presumably located. At low rates of secretion, the lumen showed no such deep extensions. Experiments were also conducted on slices from glands which had been largely depleted of old granules by prior injection of isoproterenol into the animals. Secretion of labeled protein from such slices stopped with the export of 80% of the labeled protein. This finding indicates that about 20% of the radioactive protein is cellular nonexportable protein and that the slices are capable of exporting the entire amount of secretory protein which was symthesized in vitrol. In addition to the beta-adrenergic receptor which mediates protein secretion, the parotid acinar cell also possesses an alpha-adrenergic and a cholinergic receptor both of which cause K+ release, vacuole formation, and water secretion. Activation of either of the latter two receptors in conjunction with the beta-adrenergic receptor increased randomization of the protein secreted. It is concluded that in the rat parotid acinar cell there is little spontaneous mixing between old granules near the luminal cell membrane and new granules coming up behind from the Golgi complex. The neurotransmitters which induce secretion produce the observed randomization. (+info)

Ryanodine and inositol trisphosphate receptors are differentially distributed and expressed in rat parotid gland. (4/1132)

The present study examines the cellular distribution of the ryanodine receptor/channel (RyR) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) subtypes in parotid acini. Using fluorescently labelled 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-propionic acid glycyl-ryanodine (BODIPYtrade mark-ryanodine) and confocal microscopy, RyRs were localized primarily to the perinuclear region (basal pole) of the acinar cell. Ryanodine, Ruthenium Red, cAMP and cADP ribose (cADPR) competed with BODIPY-ryanodine, resulting in a reduction in the fluorescence signal. However, inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] did not alter the binding of BODIPY-ryanodine. Using receptor-subtype-specific antisera, InsP3Rs (types I, II and III) were located predominantly in the apical pole of the parotid cell. The presence of these three subtypes was confirmed using reverse transcriptase PCR with RNA-specific oligonucleotide probes. Binding studies using a parotid cell-membrane fraction identified and characterized RyRs and InsP3Rs in terms of binding affinity (Kd) and maximum binding capacity (Bmax) and confirmed that cADPR displaces ryanodine from its binding sites. Ruthenium Red and 8-Br-cADP-ribose blocked Ca2+ release in permeabilized acinar cells in response to cADPR and cAMP or forskolin, whereas Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced Ca2+ release was unaffected. The localization of the RyRs and InsP3Rs in discrete regions endow broad areas of the parotid cell with ligand-activated Ca2+ channels. The consequences of the dual activation of the RyRs and InsP3Rs by physiologically relevant stimuli such as noradrenaline (norepinephrine) are considered in relation to Ca2+ signalling in the parotid gland. (+info)

Quantitative description of the spatial arrangement of organelles in a polarised secretory epithelial cell: the salivary gland acinar cell. (5/1132)

Previous quantitative descriptions of cellular ultrastructure have focused on spatial content (volume, surface area and number of organelles and membrane domains). It is possible to complement such descriptions by also quantifying spatial arrangements. Hitherto, applications of stereological methods for achieving this (notably, estimation of covariance and pair correlation functions) have been confined to organ and tissue levels. This study explores 3-dimensional subcellular arrangements of key organelles within acinar cells of rabbit parotid salivary glands, highly polarised epithelial cells specialised for exocrine secretion of alpha-amylase. It focuses on spatial arrangements of secretion product stores (zymogen granules), rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and mitochondria. Systematic random samples of electron microscopical fields of view from 3 rabbits were analysed using test grids bearing linear dipole probes of different sizes. Unbiased estimates of organelle volume densities were obtained by point counting and estimates of covariance and pair correlation functions by dipole counting. Plots of pair correlation functions against dipole length identified spatial arrangement differences between organelle types. Volumes within RER and mitochondrial compartments were positively correlated with themselves at distances below 4 microm and 2 microm respectively but were essentially randomly arranged at longer distances. In sharp contrast, zymogen granules were not randomly arranged. They were clustered at distances below 6-7 microm and more widely scattered at greater distances. These findings provide quantitative confirmation of the polarised arrangement of zymogen granules within acinar cells and further support for the relative invariance of biological organisation between subjects. (+info)

Ultrastructure of the parotid gland in two species of naked-backed bats. (6/1132)

Naked-backed bats of the genus Pteronotus (family Mormoopidae) occur in the Neotropics from Mexico through northern South America. These are relatively small-sized insectivorous species that frequently roost in caves. Eight specimens of naked-backed bats (Pteronotus parnellii) were live-trapped in Suriname and one in Cuba (P. quadridens). Their parotid glands were fixed in an aldehyde mixture designed for field work and postfixed in the laboratory with osmium tetroxide. Tissues were further prepared for electron microscopy by conventional means. The parotid glands of the two species of Pteronotus closely resemble each other except for the substructure of their serous secretory granules. Serous granules in P. parnellii are bizonal, with a moderately dense inner matrix and an outer, denser corona or crescent. The matrix is occupied by laminae, flakes, and filaments in random array. In contrast, serous granules in P. quadridens consist of a uniform matrix that contains dense, usually stacked toroids or tubules either in random array or packed in bundles. A parotid gland from one specimen of P. parnellii contained an endpiece that consisted of cells that contained giant (up to 9 pm in diameter) serous granules. Serous cells in both species contain aggregates of small, uniformly dense, rod-like, membrane-delimited organelles as well as occasional bundles of cytofilaments. The endpieces are separated from intercalated ducts by a ring of granulated cells that contain secretory granules that often have a bull's-eye configuration. Intercalated and striated ducts are typical in appearance, except that many of the cells in the latter contain small, dense secretory granules in their apical cytoplasm. The parotid glands in the two species of naked-baked bats differ slightly in terms of acinar secretory granule ultrastructure, but otherwise are fairly conservative. It is thought that the glands in these particular bats might represent the "basal" condition of the salivary glands of insectivorous bats and thus can serve as a reference point for making comparisons to the highly diversified (in terms of diet) phyllostomid bats. (+info)

Developmental changes of sugar residues and secretory protein in mucous cells of the early postnatal rat parotid gland. (7/1132)

Mucous cells have been identified in the terminal portions of the early postnatal parotid gland in human and rat, although mature parotid gland acini are composed of serous cells or seromucous cells. Previously, Ikeda et al. demonstrated that mucous cells are present in the rat parotid gland on days 1 to 8 after birth and that the secretory granules within these mucous cells share some histochemical characteristics with mature serous cells. However, it is still not clear whether the mucous cells change into serous cells as the gland develops. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the mucous cells that appear in the early postnatal rat parotid gland change into serous cells. Parotid glands were obtained from male or female Wistar rats (aged 0-14 days and adults). Fixed tissue sections were reacted with soybean agglutinin (SBA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to detect glycoconjugates, or were stained using an anti-neonatal submandibular gland protein B1 (SMG-B1) antibody to identify serous acinar cells. The sections were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Electron microscopy revealed that cells with characteristics intermediate between those of mucous and serous cells (transitional cells) appeared around day 8 and that the nuclei of these cells did not show chromatin condensation, a characteristic of apoptotic cells. Lectin histochemistry showed that the mucous cells had the same sugar residues as the serous cells, which appeared after day 10. Immunohistochemistry with an anti-SMG-B1 antibody gave a positive reaction not only in the cells with highly electron-dense granules but also in the electron-dense cores of bipartite or tripartite granules in the transitional cells. Cells with morphological characteristics intermediate between those of mucous and serous cells (transitional cells) appearing in the early postnatal rat parotid gland begin to produce B1-immunoreactive protein common to serous acinar cells during development of the gland. (+info)

Isoproterenol potentiates alpha-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor-mediated Ca2+ response in rat parotid cells. (8/1132)

The effects of the cAMP pathway on the Ca2+ response elicited by phospholipase C-coupled receptor stimulations were studied in rat parotid cells. Although 1 microM isoproterenol (Iso) itself had no effect on the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, the pretreatment with Iso potentiated Ca2+ responses evoked by phenylephrine. The potentiating effect of Iso was attributed to a shifting of the concentration-response curves of phenylephrine to the left and an increase in the maximal response. Half-maximal potentiation occurred at 3 nM Iso. Iso also potentiated the Ca2+ response elicited by carbachol. The potentiating effect of Iso was mimicked by forskolin (10 microM) and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (2 mM) and was blocked by 10 microM H-89. Iso potentiated the phenylephrine-induced Ca2+ response in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, but Iso did not increase the inositol trisphosphate (IP3) production induced by phenylephrine. These results suggest that the potentiation of the Ca2+ response can be attributed to a sensitization of IP3 receptors by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. (+info)

The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. In humans, the two parotid glands are present on either side of ... Sometimes accessory parotid glands are found close to the main parotid glands. The word parotid literally means "beside the ear ... Capsule of parotid gland Capsule of the parotid gland is formed from the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia. It is ... The parotid gland receives both sensory and autonomic innervation. General sensory innervation to the parotid gland, its sheath ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parotid_gland

"Ultrastructure of the binary parotid glands in the Free-tailed bat, Tadarida thersites. II. Accessory parotid gland". The ... One of the unique features of the Molossolid bats such as the railer bat is that they have two sets of parotid glands. This is ... uncommon as most species of bats have two sets of submandibular glands. Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railer_bat

Enlargement of the parotid glands". Special Report Series. 275: 135-9. PMID 14866593. Barrett, AM; Gairdner, D; McFarlan, AM ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Barrett

... Parotid gland Parotitis Nanci A (2013). Ten Cate's Oral Histology: Development, ... It is the route that saliva takes from the major salivary gland, the parotid gland, into the mouth. The parotid duct is formed ... the largest ducts inside the parotid gland, join. It emerges from the parotid gland. It runs forward along the lateral side of ... Blockage, whether caused by salivary duct stones or external compression, may cause pain and swelling of the parotid gland ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parotid_duct

Kini, M. G. (September 1940). "Benign Cyst of the Parotid Gland". British Medical Journal. 2 (4160): 415, 422-4. doi:10.1136/ ... Kini, M. G. (1939). "A case of congenital ranula of the left submaxillary gland". British Journal of Surgery. 26 (104): 947-949 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._G._Kini

The facial nerve then passes through the parotid gland, which it does not innervate, to form the parotid plexus, which splits ... including the nasal glands, the palatine glands, the lacrimal gland, and the pharyngeal gland. It also provides parasympathetic ... Kochhar A, Larian B, Azizzadeh B (April 2016). "Facial Nerve and Parotid Gland Anatomy". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North ... The facial nerve also supplies parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular gland and sublingual glands via chorda tympani. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve

"Sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland". Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 54 (1): 131-2. doi:10.4103/0377-4929.77364. PMID ... Sebaceous lymphadenoma is a tissue diagnosis, e.g. salivary gland biopsy.[citation needed] It may be confused with a number of ... The treatment is simple excision and exclusion of a malignant neoplasm.[citation needed] Lymph node Lymphoma Salivary gland ... Sebaceous lymphadenoma is a benign tumour of the salivary gland. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebaceous_lymphadenoma

There are also two other types of salivary glands; they are submandibular and parotid glands. They lie anterior and superior to ... Sublingual gland Sublingual gland Sublingual gland Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy, Bath-Balogh and ... The paired sublingual glands are major salivary glands in the mouth. They are the smallest, most diffuse, and the only ... The gland receives its blood supply from the sublingual and submental arteries. Lymph from the sublingual salivary gland drains ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublingual_gland

"Salivary duct carcinoma of parotid gland". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 13 (2): 85-88. doi:10.4103/0973-029x. ... Salivary gland Kinnera VS, Mandyam KR, Chowhan AK, Nandyala R, Bobbidi VP, Vutukuru VR (July 2009). " ... Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare type of aggressive cancer that arises from the salivary glands. It is predominantly ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Salivary gland neoplasia). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_duct_carcinoma

... is a rare, low-grade benign salivary gland neoplasm. The most common involved site is the parotid gland, ... González-García, R; Nam-Cha, SH; Muñoz-Guerra, MF; Gamallo-Amat, C (1 March 2006). "Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland. ... however other possible sites include the submandibular gland, minor salivary glands of upper lip, buccal mucosa, palate and ... Witt RL (1 January 2011). Salivary Gland Diseases: Surgical and Medical Management. Thieme. pp. 126-128. ISBN 978-1-60406-537-4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_cell_adenoma

Minor salivary glands of von Ebner present on the tongue secrete the lipase. The parotid gland produces purely serous saliva. ... Serous fluid may also originate from mixed glands, which contain both mucous and serous cells. A common trait of serous fluids ... The other major salivary glands produce mixed (serous and mucus) saliva. Another type of serous fluid is secreted by the serous ... Serous fluid originates from serous glands, with secretions enriched with proteins and water. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serous_fluid

Swelling of the parotid glands (non-tender). "Tricresyl Phosphate Environmental Health Criteria A110". International Programme ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricresyl_phosphate

It is the most common type of salivary gland tumor and the most common tumor of the parotid gland. It derives its name from the ... Surgical treatment of parotid gland tumors is sometimes difficult, partly because of the anatomical relationship of the facial ... It is usually mobile unless found in the palate and can cause atrophy of the mandibular ramus when located in the parotid gland ... Thus, detection of early stages of a tumor of the parotid gland is extremely important in terms of prognosis after surgery. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleomorphic_adenoma

This division takes place within the parotid gland. Commonly, it divides into the following branches (several variations): The ... The parotid plexus or plexus parotideus is the branch point of the facial nerve (extratemporal) after it leaves the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parotid_plexus

Posteriorly, it is covered by the parotid gland. The coronoid head of the masseter's tendon and muscle fibers run ... This extraoral enlargement may be confused with parotid salivary gland disease, dental infections, and maxillofacial neoplasms ... Dissection, showing salivary glands of right side (Masseter visible at center) Left temporal bone, outer surface Left temporal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masseter_muscle

Loh TL, Tomlinson J, Chin R, Eslick GD (2014). "Cutaneous carcinosarcoma with metastasis to the parotid gland". Case Rep. ... salivary glands, lungs, the esophagus, pancreas, colon, uterus and ovaries. Four main hypotheses have been proposed for the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinosarcoma

The parotid and sublingual glands account for the remaining. The gland receives its blood supply from the facial and lingual ... Submandibular gland inflammation as seen on ultrasound Submandibular gland Submandibular gland Submandibular gland lateral view ... The submandibular salivary glands develop later than the parotid glands and appear late in the sixth week of prenatal ... The two other types of salivary glands are parotid and sublingual glands. Mandible. Inner surface. Side view. Distribution of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submandibular_gland

... the parotid gland is affected. Lacrimal glands are also affected.[citation needed] There is a marked lymphoplasmacytic ... Benign lymphoepithelial lesion or Mikulicz' disease is a type of benign enlargement of the parotid and/or lacrimal glands. This ... Delaney, William E.; Balogh, Károly (1966). "Carcinoma of the parotid gland associated with benign lymphoepithelial lesion ( ... bilateral parotid and lacrimal gland enlargement was characterized by the term Mikulicz's disease if the enlargement appeared ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benign_lymphoepithelial_lesion

The gland most likely affected is the parotid gland. In fact, it is the only tumor virtually restricted to the parotid gland. ... Histopathology of Warthin tumor in the parotid gland. H&E stain. Histopathology of Warthin tumor in the parotid gland. Another ... The tumor is slow growing, painless, and usually appears in the tail of the parotid gland near the angle of the mandible. In 5- ... Histopathology of Warthin tumor in the parotid gland. Higher magnification of a file "Warthin tumor (1).jpg". H&E stain. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warthin's_tumor

Behind the protruding eyes and above the tympanum, there is a short, small gland. It does not have parotid glands. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_parsley_frog

There are three paired major salivary glands in humans - the parotid glands, the submandibular glands, and the sublingual ... The parotid gland is located in front of each ear, and secretes mostly serous saliva via the parotid duct (Stenson duct) into ... Frey's syndrome Salivary gland neoplasm Relative incidence of parotid tumors. Relative incidence of submandibular tumors. A ... Congenital disorders of the salivary glands are rare, but may include: Aplasia Atresia Ectopic salivary gland tissue Stafne ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland_disease

The major salivary glands consist of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. The minor salivary glands consist of ... Within the parotid gland 75 - 80% of tumours are benign. Around 50% of the tumours found in the submandibular glands are benign ... also known as mucous gland adenomas or neoplasms, are tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands. The salivary glands ... Salivary gland tumours usually present as a lump or swelling in the affected gland which may or may not have been present for a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland_tumour

"Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of parotid gland: a rare occurrence". Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology. 52 (1 ... It forms glands, i.e. it is an adenocarcinoma. It affects the minor salivary glands in the area between the hard and the soft ... Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a rare, asymptomatic, slow-growing malignant salivary gland tumor. It is most ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Salivary gland neoplasia, All stub articles, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphous_low-grade_adenocarcinoma

90% of the time found in the parotid gland, 10% intraorally on buccal mucosa or palate. The disease presents as a slow growing ... Prognosis is good for acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland, with five-year survival rates approaching 90%, and 20-year ... Acinic cell carcinomas arise most frequently in the parotid gland. Other sites of primary tumors have included the ... 52 years) than most other salivary gland cancers. Occurrences in children are quite common. Relative incidence of parotid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinic_cell_carcinoma

... is distributed to the skin of the face over the parotid gland. It communicates with the facial nerve inside the parotid gland. ... It provides sensory nerve supply to the skin over the parotid gland and the mastoid process of the temporal bone, and surfaces ... The anterior branch of the great auricular nerve supplies the face over the parotid gland. The posterior branch of the great ... The great auricular nerve may be damaged during surgery on the parotid gland, reducing sensation to the face. Pain resulting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_auricular_nerve

... swelling of the parotid gland on one or both sides of the face). The parotid gland is usually swollen and tender. Parotid ... the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans. The parotid gland is the salivary gland most commonly ... can present as facial swelling in the parotid gland area and may be confused with 'true' parotid gland swelling. The specific ... From Greek παρωτῖτις (νόσος), parōtĩtis (nósos) : (disease of the) parotid gland < παρωτίς (stem παρωτιδ-) : (gland) behind the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parotitis

The two roots re-unite, and shortly after the branching of secretomotor fibers to the parotid gland (parotid branches), the ... the nerves from the Auriculotemporal Nerve that previously innervated the parotid gland can reattach to the sweat glands in the ... The parasympathetic root (inferior) carries postganglionic fibers to the parotid gland. These parasympathetic, preganglionic ... which serve as secretomotor fibers for the parotid gland. This nerve, as it courses posteriorly to the condylar head, is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auriculotemporal_nerve

The glossopharyngeal nerve also provides parasympathetic input to the parotid gland. Damage to the nerve may cause failure of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves

Lateral to the parapharyngeal space lies the parotid space, which contains the parotid gland, the external carotid artery and ... The lateral aspect is more involved, and is bordered by the ramus of the mandible, the deep lobe of the parotid gland, the ... ISBN 978-3-540-22027-5. Fakhry, Nicolas (25 July 2016). "A proposal for a level for parapharyngeal extension of parotid gland ... especially removal of the deep lobe of the parotid gland. It is characterized by facial pain after the first bite of each meal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapharyngeal_space

It is covered by the parotid gland, and by the integument. The temporomandibular ligament constrains the mandible as it opens, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporomandibular_ligament

While Broom initially argued that the fossae may have contained the parotid salivary glands, this proposal was rejected by ... Franz Nopcsa suggested that the maxillary fossae housed venom glands (which may have been derived from lacrimal glands), with ... Only the preorbital (scent) glands are found, supporting the "scent gland hypothesis," although CT scans are required for more ... who noted that the parotid glands tend to be placed behind the eye; they respectively suggested that the fossae held modified ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euchambersia

The symptoms include inflammation of the eye (uveitis), swelling of the parotid gland, chronic fever, and in some cases, palsy ... January 2002). "Diagnosis of Heerfordt's syndrome by state-of-the-art ultrasound in combination with parotid biopsy: a case ... ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1. Evanchan, Jason; Barreiro, Timothy J.; Gemmel, David (May 2010). "Uveitis, salivary gland swelling, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heerfordt_syndrome

The efferents of these glands pass to the superior deep cervical glands. This article incorporates text in the public domain ... The superficial parotid lymph nodes are a group of lymph nodes anterior to the ear. Their afferent vessels drain the root of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superficial_parotid_lymph_nodes

It is common in both the parotid glands and submandibular glands. The treatment is as for sialadenitis. It may appear on a CT ... Sialodochitis (also termed ductal sialadenitis), is inflammation of the duct system of a salivary gland. This is compared to ... in which there is sudden swelling of the salivary glands. It is associated with other allergic conditions such as asthma, ... sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the gland parenchyma. Sialodochitis may be associated with salivary duct strictures and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialodochitis

A significant source of histatins is found in the serous fluid secreted by Ebner's glands, salivary glands at the back of the ... a novel family of histidine-rich proteins in human parotid secretion. Isolation, characterization, primary structure, and ... "Salivary histatins in human deep posterior lingual glands (of von Ebner)". Archives of Oral Biology. 51 (11): 967-73. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histatin

These steroids can be swabbed from the salamander's parotid glands. Samandarine was often the dominant alkaloid present but the ... when the most conspicuous difference is a swollen gland around the male's vent. This gland produces the spermatophore, which ... The poison glands of the fire salamander are concentrated in certain areas of the body, especially around the head and the ... The coloured portions of the animal's skin usually coincide with these glands. Compounds in the skin secretions may be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_salamander

During the course of unkenreflex, the amphibian in question releases bufotoxins from its parotid glands, tenses its entire body ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unkenreflex

It descends in the substance of the parotid gland, superficial to the external carotid artery (but beneath the facial nerve), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retromandibular_vein

The parotid glands are prominent and the toes are only slightly webbed. Males call throughout the year but the main period for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guttural_toad

Ascending (suppurative) sialadenitis - an infection of the major salivary glands (usually the parotid gland) that may be ... A stimulated saliva flow rate less than 0.5 ml per gland in 5 minutes or less than 1 ml per gland in 10 minutes is decreased. ... Salivary gland hypofunction has been defined as any objectively demonstrable reduction in whole and/or individual gland flow ... Formation of salivary gland ducts depends on the secretion of a neuropeptide from the parasympathetic nerves, while development ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerostomia

... or the parotid salivary gland. These tumors are malignant and frequently spread to other organs. These are rare tumors, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_melanoma

... is a rare cause of parotid gland swelling which occurs when air is forced through the parotid (Stensen) duct resulting in ... Crepitus may be elicited on palpation of the parotid swelling, and massaging the gland may give rise to frothy saliva or air ... ultrasound and computed tomography may all show air in the parotid gland and duct. Management is simply by avoidance of the ... bubbles from the parotid papilla. Further investigations are not typically required, however sialography, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoparotitis

Its parotid glands cover 65% of the dorsal suprascapular muscle and more than a quarter of the trapezius. Its tympanic membrane ... and the presence of parotid glands on the trapezius and suprascapular muscles. It has an average length of 38 to 42 millimeters ... differentiated from any other species of the genus by the scarlet red coloration and by the presence of cutaneous macro-glands ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pristimantis_erythros

Common culprits are facial neuromas, congenital cholesteatomas, hemangiomas, acoustic neuromas, parotid gland neoplasms, or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve_paralysis

... and is in contact with the retromandibular part of the parotid gland. Its lateral border is free and rough, and gives ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone

Extra-orally eating disorders may present with swollen parotid glands. Other oral manifestations of GI disease is angular ... altered tooth eruption and hypertrophy of the parotid glands. Other oral health problems include chronic hyperglycaemia, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_manifestations_of_systemic_disease

... salivary gland fistula MeSH C07.465.815.718 - salivary gland neoplasms MeSH C07.465.815.718.589 - parotid neoplasms MeSH ... salivary gland neoplasms MeSH C07.465.565.824.695 - parotid neoplasms MeSH C07.465.565.824.882 - sublingual gland neoplasms ... parotid diseases MeSH C07.465.815.470.770 - parotid neoplasms MeSH C07.465.815.470.800 - parotitis MeSH C07.465.815.470.800.630 ... submandibular gland diseases MeSH C07.465.815.882.500 - submandibular gland neoplasms MeSH C07.465.815.929 - xerostomia MeSH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(C07)

It describes a chronic inflammation of the parotid gland (parotitis) and part of the eye called the uvea (uveitis). There is ... Parotitis leads to swelling and enlargement of the parotid glands, while uveitis causes eye redness, pain and blurred vision. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uveoparotitis

"Immunofluorescence localization of cystatins in human lacrimal gland and in the exorbital lacrimal gland of the rat". Acta ... 1996). "Protein composition of whole and parotid saliva in healthy and periodontitis subjects. Determination of cystatins, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CST4

Imaging studies are used to define the extent of the tumor and to exclude direct extension from the parotid gland or ... and CK5/6 It is important to exclude a tumor which is directly extending into the ear canal from the parotid salivary gland, ... Crain, N.; Nelson, B. L.; Barnes, E. L.; Thompson, L. D. R. (2008). "Ceruminous Gland Carcinomas: A Clinicopathologic and ... Ceruminous adenocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands of the external auditory canal. This tumor is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceruminous_adenocarcinoma

The boundaries of each pterygomandibular space are: the posterior border of the buccal space anteriorly the parotid gland ... run through the substance of the parotid gland and so this is manifest as a transient facial palsy. The pterygomandibular space ... passing through the pterygomandibular space and into the parotid gland behind. Branches of the facial nerve (which gives the ... to the parotid space posteriorly to the deep temporal/infratemporal space superiorly In health, the space contains: the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pterygomandibular_space

"Salivary Gland Neoplasms". Medscape.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Updated: Jan 13, 2021}} ... Relative incidence of parotid tumors, showing mucoepidermoid carcinoma at top right. Relative incidence of submandibular tumors ... H & E stain Histopathologic image of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the major salivary gland. The same lesion as shown in a ... Alcian blue-PAS stain Mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary and bronchial glands are characterized by a recurrent t(11;19)( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucoepidermoid_carcinoma

... it invests the parotid gland proceeding into the parotid fascia. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masseteric_fascia

Salivary gland stones are one of the major causes of salivary gland infections (sialadenitis). These types of stones can be ... Most strictures could be seen in the parotid duct and mostly in the disease process of chronic recurrent sialadenitis.[citation ... After a sialolith is removed from an affected gland, a sialastic stent is inserted into the duct for two to four weeks for the ... The endoscope is introduced into the gland through its natural orifice in the mouth or by making a small incision in the duct ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialoendoscopy

... around the mouth or in the skin over the parotid gland (near the base of the ear). Tumors will initially begin as single, small ... blood vessels and parotid salivary gland. The most common sites for melanotic tumors are on the under-side of the tail near the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_cancer_in_horses

It works by decreasing the amount of thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland and blocking the conversion of thyroxine (T4 ... Common side effects include itchiness, hair loss, parotid swelling, vomiting, muscle pains, numbness, and headache. Other ... Groot, Leslie J. De; Jameson, J. Larry (2010). Endocrinology Adult and Pediatric: The Thyroid Gland. Elsevier Health Sciences. ... and actively concentrated to the thyroid gland. Depending on several patient variables, however, euthyroid status may not be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylthiouracil

... parotid gland MeSH A03.556.500.760.640 - salivary ducts MeSH A03.556.500.760.650 - minor salivary glands MeSH A03.556.500.760. ... 687 - sublingual gland MeSH A03.556.500.760.812 - submandibular gland MeSH A03.556.500.760.906 - von Ebner glands MeSH A03.556. ... Brunner Glands MeSH A03.556.124.684.249 - ileum MeSH A03.556.124.684.249.400 - ileocecal valve MeSH A03.556.124.684.249.612 - ... Brunner Glands MeSH A03.556.875.500 - esophagus MeSH A03.556.875.500.180 - esophageal mucosa MeSH A03.556.875.500.360 - upper ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(A03)

This illustration of the parotid gland and instructions for collection of buccal fluid are useful for detection of mumps ... Preferred specimen: Parotid gland duct swab for viral culture collected within 5 days of onset of symptoms.Collection of a ... Illustration of Parotid Gland and Instructions for Collection of Buccal Fluid. ... mumps specimen for viral and PCR testing: Massage the parotid (salivary) glands for 30 seconds. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/lab/detection-mumps.html

... high grade malignant tumor that arises from the parotid gland. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant epithelial ... Parotid Gland Carcinosarcoma. An aggressive, high grade malignant tumor that arises from the parotid gland. It is characterized ... Parotid gland carcinosarcoma, a very rare malignant salivary gland tumor, has carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Invasion ... TRUE MALIGNANT MIXED TUMOR (CARCINOSARCOMA) OF THE PAROTID GLAND - CASE REPORT. *A. Mag, S. Cotulbea, +4 authors. R. Cristescu ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Parotid-Gland-Carcinosarcoma/4309084

... were malignant neoplasms of the parotid gland. The incidence of parotid gland tumors in Sweden decreased slightly during the ... Incidence trends of parotid gland tumors and salivary gland tumors in Sweden and Nordic countries combined from 1970 to 2009. ... We aimed to investigate incidence trends of malignant parotid gland tumors and all malignant salivary gland tumors in Sweden ... 1. Ho K, Lin H, Ann DK, Chu PG, Yen Y. An overview of the rare parotid gland cancer. Head Neck Oncol. 2011;3:40.. * Cited Here ...

https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2012/09000/Incidence_Trends_of_Malignant_Parotid_Gland_Tumors.21.aspx

A histochemical and biochemical study of the parotid gland in normal and hypophysectomized rats Based on a dissertation ... Dewey, Maynard M. (1958)."A histochemical and biochemical study of the parotid gland in normal and hypophysectomized rats Based ...

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/49618

Labeled structures include: superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and the parotid gland. ... This stock medical exhibit depicts the anatomy of the parotid gland. ... and the parotid gland.. X This stock medical exhibit depicts the anatomy of the parotid gland. Labeled structures include: ... Description: This stock medical exhibit depicts the anatomy of the parotid gland. Labeled structures include: superficial ...

https://catalog.nucleusmedicalmedia.com/anatomy-of-the-parotid-gland/view-item?ItemID=16575

Chakraborty PP, Bhattacharjee R, Chatterjee K. Parotid gland cysticercosis. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/86598

Pretherapeutic Predictive Factors for Histological High-Grade Parotid Gland Carcinoma」の研究トピックを掘り下げます。これらがまとまってユニークなフィンガープリントを構成 ... Pretherapeutic Predictive Factors for Histological High-Grade Parotid Gland Carcinoma. Takuya Mikoshiba, Hiroyuki Ozawa, ... Pretherapeutic Predictive Factors for Histological High-Grade Parotid Gland Carcinoma. / Mikoshiba, Takuya; Ozawa, Hiroyuki; ... Pretherapeutic Predictive Factors for Histological High-Grade Parotid Gland Carcinoma. Laryngoscope

https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/ja/publications/pretherapeutic-predictive-factors-for-histological-high-grade-par

Meet the parotid gland: Its the largest of your salivary glands, and theres one on each side of your mouth. Theyre on the ... Cellphones, Salivary Glands, & Cancer. by Office , Feb 22, 2017 , General Health & Wellness, Oral Health ...

https://toothbody.com/tag/parotid-gland/

This study aimed to understand the reasons for late presentation of cases of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. We administered a questionnaire to parents of 130 infants with severe jaundice admitted to Cairo University Childrens Hospital neonatal intensive care unit at age ,/= 6 days over an 18-month period. Although 125 infants [‏96.2%]‏ were delivered in a health care facility, no discharge physical examination was performed in 99/125 cases [‏79.2%]‏. No parent was given instructions about neonatal jaundice and no follow-up appointments were ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/browse?locale-attribute=ar&type=title&etal=-1&offset=161438&sort_by=1&rpp=20&order=ASC&starts_with_previous=S

C079 Parotid gland **Note 1:** This schema is based on the UICC chapter *Major Salivary Glands,* pages 54-57. **Note 2:** ... If directly assigning SS2000, use the *Parotid Gland, Other Major Salivary Glands* chapter on page 54 of the [SS2000 on-line ... SSF6: Parapharyngeal, Parotid, and Suboccipital/Retroauricular Lymph Nodes for Head and Neck. 999. No. NAACCR #2930 CCCR/Canada ...

https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/tnm/schema/1.2/parotid_gland/?breadcrumbs=

The earlobe, submandibular gland, and jugular vein are unremarkable. The 7.2 × 5.5 × 3.2 cm parotid mass shows gross extension ... Imaging studies performed to rule out the possibility of a stroke reveal a 2.4 cm right parotid gland mass with central ... Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma may involve the parotid gland by direct extension or due to extensive extranodal spread after ... The resection specimen includes the right parotid gland, levels Ib through IV neck dissection, and a partial auriculectomy. ...

https://uat.cap.org/member-resources/pathology-case-challenge/parotid-gland

... papilloma parotid gland Intraductal papilloma parotid papilloma of parotid gland de intraductal papilloma parotid gland pentru ... Afectarea papilloma of parotid gland autonom vegetativ secretor al facialului.. Se manifest pe axul petros vidian lacrimal i pe ... Paralizia de facial n cursul zonei zoster intraductal papilloma parotid gland Paralizia extrapietroas a nervului facial poate ... Lezarea intermediarului Wrisberg cuprinde: Afectarea facialului senzitiv ce este de intraductal papilloma parotid gland - ...

http://pentru-rares.ro/221-papilloma-of-parotid-gland.php

LEAL FILHO, Walter Borges et al. Effects of cigarette smoke on the morphology of the parotid gland of rats. Rev. Bras. Odontol. ... The aim of this study was to determine the morphological changes in the parotid glands of rats exposed to cigarette smoke by ...

http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0034-72722013000200023&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en

... parotid gland surgery and other salivary gland surgery in routine. Call for appointment. ... What are Parotid Glands?. Parotid Glands are the biggest salivary glands in our body that produce saliva. This saliva helps in ... Parotid/ Submandibular Gland surgery in Noida, Delhi NCR. Parotid Glands are the biggest salivary glands in our body that ... Parotid Gland Tumor Surgery in Noida, Delhi NCR. Removal of tumor from the parotid gland requires an expert general surgeon as ...

https://www.drsudhirkumar.in/parotid-submandibular-gland-surgery/

The present case has been reported in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cases. Myoepithelial carcinoma (MC), also known as malignant myoepithelioma, shows an infiltrative and destructive growth. Myo...

https://www.plexusmd.com/md/post/Myoepithelial-carcinoma-ex-PA-of-parotid-gland-Case-report/39993

Parotid tumors are abnormal growths of cells (tumors) that form in the parotid glands. ... Parotid Gland Tumor is more common in the distal portion of the gland presenting as a discrete. ... The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. In humans, the two parotid glands are present on either side of ... Parotid tumors are abnormal growths of cells (tumors) that form in the parotid glands. The parotid glands are two salivary ...

https://dannytreti.com/parotid-gland-tumor/p5xh71182d0-xkm

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?locale-attribute=ar&type=title&etal=-1&sort_by=1&rpp=20&offset=161498&order=ASC

Isolation and compositional analysis of secretion granules and their membrane subfraction from the rat parotid gland. ... Isolation and compositional analysis of secretion granules and their membrane subfraction from the rat parotid gland. Together ...

https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/isolation-and-compositional-analysis-of-secretion-granules-and-th/fingerprints/

3cm sized three masses in superficial lobe of both parotid gland and deep lobe of left parotid gland were observed on axial (A ... 3.5×3.3×2.3 cm sized mass in the right superficial lobe of the parotid gland, 3.6×3×2 cm sized mass in the left superficial ... lobe of the parotid gland and 5×3.5×2.5 cm sized mass in the left deep lobe of the parotid gland were dissected. ... A Case of Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma with Neck Metastasis in the Parotid Gland. Korean J Head Neck Oncol. 2015;31:39-42.. ...

https://www.kjhno.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.21593/kjhno/2020.36.1.15

The parotid primordium grows during the 6th week of. Processes of the parotid gland: 01. Facial process - Superficial to ... Parotid gland. The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. The parotid, a serous compound tubulo-alveolar gland, ... Salivary Glands Medical Specialties Human Anatom Parotid Gland Parotid glands are the largest salivary gland. Each gland is ... the sublingual salivary gland and two buccal salivary glands Parotid gland. The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland, ...

https://sorrypockat.com/embryology/index-kk2432tyva.php/Salivary_Gland_Development

The parotid glands are small exocrine glands that rarely call attention to themselves. Perfect function throughout life is ... In tympanic neurectomy, the parasympathetic supply to the parotid gland is sectioned within the middle ear so as to cause gland ... Xie LS, Pu YP, Zheng LY, Yu CQ, Wang ZJ, Shi H. Function of the parotid gland in juvenile recurrent parotitis: a case series. ... In ligation of the parotid duct, the duct can be ligated so as to cause atrophy of the gland and prevent ascending bacterial ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/882461-26255/what-is-the-role-of-methyl-violet-in-the-treatment-of-parotitis

... MASSARELLI, Giovannino;TANDA, ... Haemangiopericytoma of the parotid gland. Report of a case and review of the literature / Massarelli, Giovannino; Tanda, ... Haemangiopericytoma of the parotid gland. Report of a case and review of the literature / Massarelli, Giovannino; Tanda, ... The report stresses the great rarity of this neoplasm in the parotid gland and discusses the problem of the behaviour of ...

https://iris.uniss.it/handle/11388/47902

... the most affected anatomical site was the parotid gland (77/90), followed by minor salivary glands (6/90), the intraparotid ... the most affected anatomical site was the parotid gland (77/90), followed by minor salivary glands (6/90), the intraparotid ... Low-Grade Intraductal Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Literature Review. Russo D.;Di Crescenzo R. M.; ... The tumor mainly occurs in the parotid gland and presents a ductal phenotype and an intraductal/intracystic growth pattern. It ...

https://www.iris.unina.it/handle/11588/855673

The lacrimal gland is located in the supratemporal orbit. Two lobes exist, the orbital and the palpebral. ... The palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland is often involved and is easily seen by everting the upper lid. It is noted to be ... Can be bilateral, painless enlargement of the lacrimal gland present for more than a month ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1210342-clinical

Warthins tumor on parotid gland 3. My father is 60 yrs old. He observed a tumor under his ear. A FNAC is done on that in ... nawab khan please offer a remedy for Warthin tumor in the parotid 1. I suffer from Warthin tumor in my left parotid The parotid ... Tumor in pituitary gland 2. I have a tumor in my pituitary gland for more than 10 years. because of this my testosterone level ... Parotid Tumor 3. I had a benign parotid tumor about an inch and was removed by surgery in 2010, 7 years back. Recently Im ...

https://abchomeopathy.com/forumarchive.php/tumor

Salivary gland tumors are abnormal cells growing in the gland or in the tubes (ducts) that drain the salivary glands. ... The parotid glands are the largest. They are located in each cheek in front of the ears. Two submandibular glands are under the ... The most common type of salivary gland tumor is a slow-growing noncancerous (benign) tumor of the parotid gland. The tumor ... Salivary gland tumors are abnormal cells growing in the gland or in the tubes (ducts) that drain the salivary glands. ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001040.htm

Salivary glands produce saliva through a system of ducts, Saliva aids in digestion, It keeps your mouth moist, and supports ... parotid gland histologyparotid gland histology diagramparotid salivary glandparotidsSalivaSalivary glandssalivary glands ... organization of the main salivary glandsHistological structure of salivary glandshistology of parotid glandMain salivary glands ... definitionsalivary glands diagramSalivary glands functionSalivary glands importanceSalivary glands secreteSalivary glands types ...

https://www.online-sciences.com/medecine/histological-structure-of-salivary-glands-parotids-sublingual-and-submandibular-glands/

Pituitary gland: congestion and necrosis inanterior lobe. Lung: edema: (M) Virus grows in lung, kidney, liver,and parotid ... Kidney, parotid glands. (M) Lung, kidney and parotid glands (LV). ,,,Click on the PDF icon to the left to view a copy of this ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Arbocat/VirusDetails.aspx?ID=175&SID=10

The use of maxillary-mandibular planes to subdivide the deep lobe of the parotid gland in order to establish the tumour ... Ten patients with clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland were treated via the SPS ... Surgical resection of clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland via sternocleidomastoid ... of clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland via sternocleidomastoid muscle-parotid ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/odontologia/resource/pt/mdl-33468437

The earlobe, submandibular gland, and jugular vein are unremarkable. (cap.org)
You can also book an appointment with Dr. Sudhir Kumar here if you want to go for parotid and submandibular gland surgery in Delhi. (drsudhirkumar.in)
i.e. the parotid gland tends to have benign neoplasms, the submandibular gland 50:50, and the sublingual glands and accessory glands mostly malignant. (dannytreti.com)
This bifurcation is known as the Pes anserinus (Goose's foot) and divides to give rise to five other branches Salivary Gland Anatomy n Parotid Gland n Submandibular Gland n Sublingual Gland n Minor Glands It is not our intent to cover anatomy during this course. (sorrypockat.com)
the most affected anatomical site was the parotid gland (77/90), followed by minor salivary glands (6/90), the intraparotid lymph nodes (3/90) and the submandibular gland (4/90). (unina.it)
response relationship of submandibular gland sparing radiotherapy in head-neck cancers. (who.int)
Intervention1: Submandibular gland plus parotid sparing volumetric modulated arc therapy. (who.int)
Patients with head and neck cancer receiving submandibular gland plus parotid sparing volumetric modulated arc therapy. (who.int)
Although not widely practiced, surgical transfer of the submandibular gland prior to RT is the mainstay of surgical options in preventing xerostomia. (bvsalud.org)

These are called the minor salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
There are also hundreds of small (minor) salivary glands lining parts of the mouth, nose, and larynx that can be seen only with a microscope . (cancer.gov)
Based on the size, there are two groups of salivary glands present in the human body, i.e., major and minor salivary glands. (adejournal.com)
The minor salivary glands are those that are found in the oral cavity, examples are the Von Ebner gland, labial gland, palatine gland etc. (adejournal.com)

Two sublingual glands are under the floor of the mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
They are present in the submandibular and a few in the sublingual glands. (online-sciences.com)
Sublingual glands: These glands are found under the tongue in the floor of the mouth. (cancer.gov)
The three main pairs of salivary glands are the parotid glands, the sublingual glands, and the submandibular glands. (cancer.gov)
Saliva is produced primarily by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. (loinc.org)
There are three pairs of salivary glands in the oral cavity- the parotid glands, the sub-mandibular glands and the sublingual glands (Fábián, Hermann, Beck, Fejérdy, & Fábián, 2012). (myassignmenthelp.com)

There are many salivary glands in the lips, cheeks, mouth and throat The most common type of salivary gland tumor is a slow-growing noncancerous (benign) parotid gland tumor, which gradually increases the size of the gland. (dannytreti.com)
The most common benign tumor is pleomorophic adenoma, and the most common malignant tumor is the mucoepidermoid carcinoma What is parotid tumor Parotid tumors are the most common type of salivary gland tumors, accounting for 80 to 85 percent of all salivary gland tumors. (dannytreti.com)
The most common benign tumor of the parotid gland is the Pleomorphic Adenoma Pleomorphic Adenoma which is also called a Benign Mixed Tumor. (dannytreti.com)
Warthin tumor is a benign tumor of the salivary gland.The first symptom is usually a painless, slow-growing bump in front of the ear, on the bottom of the mouth, or under the chin. (dannytreti.com)
The swollen inflamed gland makes surgery more difficult, and the incidence of injury to the facial nerve may be slightly higher than for removal of benign tumors. (medscape.com)
The most common type of salivary gland tumor is a slow-growing noncancerous (benign) tumor of the parotid gland. (medlineplus.gov)
Benign neoplasms of the salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Surgical resection of clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland via sternocleidomastoid muscle-parotid space approach. (bvsalud.org)
Ten patients with clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland were treated via the SPS approach. (bvsalud.org)
The SPS approach to surgical resection is an ideal option for clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland and demonstrates good results. (bvsalud.org)
Most parotid gland tumors turn out to be benign (not cancerous). (mainlinehealth.org)
They are benign, or non-cancerous, tumors of the pituitary gland which secrete increased amounts of ACTH. (keywen.com)
Most of these tumors are benign (non-cancerous), but the parotid gland is still where most malignant (cancerous) salivary gland tumors start. (keywen.com)
The most common of tumors in the parotid gland are benign and only affect the superficial gland. (keywen.com)
More than half of all salivary gland tumors are benign (not cancerous ) and do not spread to other tissues . (cancer.gov)
Memorial Sloan Kettering is a leading center for the treatment of salivary gland cancer and benign salivary gland tumors. (mskcc.org)
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumor classified as benign epithelial tumors ( 1 ). (medsci.org)
Low-dose radiotherapy for multicystic benign lymphoepithelial lesions of the parotid gland in HIV-positive patients: long-term results. (medscape.com)
Because benign parotid gland tumours may be treated in a very large number of institutions, most centres found it logistically difficult to ensure complete ascertainment, and only Canada-Ottawa, Israel (all histological types) and Sweden included them. (who.int)

Imaging studies performed to rule out the possibility of a stroke reveal a 2.4 cm right parotid gland mass with central calcification and enlarged level II and III lymph nodes. (cap.org)
The resection specimen includes the right parotid gland, levels Ib through IV neck dissection, and a partial auriculectomy. (cap.org)
Here, we present a rare case of a 1-year-old male with isolated YST of the right parotid gland initially diagnosed as malignant epithelial neoplasm with possibilities of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. (jiaps.com)
He was diagnosed with cancer in his right parotid gland in 2013, receiving surgery and treatment in Egypt. (who.int)

A duct, called Stensen's duct, drains saliva from the parotid gland into the mouth, at the area of the upper cheeks The parotid gland is a bilateral salivary gland located in the face. (sorrypockat.com)

Within the left parotid gland there is a large 3.0 x 1.5 x 1.3 cm well- defined hypoechoic lesion. (dannytreti.com)

Parotid Glands are the biggest salivary glands in our body that produce saliva. (drsudhirkumar.in)
Salivary glands produce saliva to aid in chewing and digesting food. (dannytreti.com)
The salivary glands, that remain hidden in the oral cavity and produce saliva has function not only in digestion but also play a role in innate and acquired immunity (Fábián, Hermann, Beck, Fejérdy, & Fábián, 2012). (myassignmenthelp.com)

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma may involve the parotid gland by direct extension or due to extensive extranodal spread after initial metastasis to intraparotid lymph nodes. (cap.org)
Basal cell adenocarcinoma is 1 ~ 2 % of salivary gland carcinoma. (kjhno.org)
Despite its infrequency, discriminating low-grade intraductal carcinoma from other salivary gland tumors is crucial, especially because of its favorable prognosis. (unina.it)
10%). A diagnosis of Low-grade Intraductal Carcinoma (LGIC) of the parotid was made. (unina.it)
Adenoid cystic carcinoma usually starts in the salivary glands in the mouth and throat. (webmd.com)
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma happens in the salivary glands. (webmd.com)
2. Patients with carcinoma of the head and neck in whom the submandibular glands are enclosed completely in the clinical target volume. (who.int)

1-3 Surveillance reports tend to present data on cancers of the salivary gland, nasopharynx, and hypopharynx separately from those of the other sites listed previously because they are etiologically and biologically distinct and may present with different prognoses and treatment options. (health.mil)

Xie LS, Pu YP, Zheng LY, Yu CQ, Wang ZJ, Shi H. Function of the parotid gland in juvenile recurrent parotitis: a case series. (medscape.com)
It is sometimes referred to as parotitis when it infects the parotid salivary gland that is located in front and below the ear. (cdc.gov)

Salivary gland tumors are relatively rare, accounting for 2-5% of all head and neck tumors in various countries, with the most common subtype (75%) being parotid gland tumors. (lww.com)
After giving general anesthesia to the patient, the cut is made under the neck to expose the submandibular glands. (drsudhirkumar.in)
Gland Parotid Gland Is the largest of the major salivary glands, It is a mainly serous gland It is a large, irregular, lobulated gland which extends from the zygomatic arch to the upper part of the neck, where it overlaps the posterior belly of digastric and the anterior border of sternocleidomastoid. (sorrypockat.com)
Your parotid gland is a major salivary (saliva-producing) gland found high up the neck just between the ear and the cheek. (mainlinehealth.org)
Glands can also swell following an injury, such as a cut or bite, near the gland or when a tumor or infection occurs in the mouth, head, or neck. (keywen.com)
Is Sparing the Deep Lobes of Parotid Gland Necessary on Intensity Modulated Radion Therapy of Head and Neck Cancers? (hacettepe.edu.tr)
Tests that examine the head, neck, and the inside of the mouth are used to diagnose salivary gland cancer. (cancer.gov)
Salivary gland cancer is a type of head and neck cancer . (cancer.gov)
For many people with salivary gland tumors, surgery performed by an expert in head and neck operations is the main treatment. (mskcc.org)
Magnetic resonance imaging of the head and neck revealed a T1 intense and T2 hyperintense soft-tissue lesion in the right parotid space and right parapharyngeal space measuring 3.4 cm × 2.3 cm × 1.4 cm causing a mass effect over the tongue and oropharyngeal air column and displacing it toward the left side. (jiaps.com)
Among seven indications/injection sites, we found this protective effect of BoNT in cosmetic use/facial muscles, migraine/facial and head muscles, spasms and spasticity/upper and lower limbs, torticollis and neck pain/neck muscles, and sialorrhea/parotid and submandibular glands (reporting odds ratios 0.79-0.27). (nature.com)
the whole crown of the head painfully sensitive to the open air with it hard swellings of the glands in the neck. (abchomeopathy.com)
Evaluation of salivary gland function before and after salivary gland sparing radiotherapy in head-neck cancers. (who.int)

Description: Salivary Glands Major salivary glands: Lie at some distance from the mucosa and communicate with one or more ducts. (sorrypockat.com)
Salivary gland tumors are abnormal cells growing in the gland or in the tubes (ducts) that drain the salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Salivary glands empty saliva into the mouth through ducts that open at various places in the mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
They are large compound tubuloalveolar (tubuloacinar) glands, which pour their products via a branched system of ducts. (online-sciences.com)
Bronchial adenoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the mucous glands and ducts of the lung airways (bronchi) or windpipe ( trachea ), and in the salivary glands. (webmd.com)
Pyogenic infection of the parotid glands and ducts. (medscape.com)
Another inter-lobular duct consists of the excretory ducts of a gland 1 , 2 . (adejournal.com)
This flexible, soft-tipped catheter is inserted over a wire guide or through the Kolenda Introducer Sheath to irrigate the submandibular or parotid salivary ducts or flush stone fragments. (easmed.com)

The standard treatment is superficial parotidectomy, but if CT scanning or surgery reveals significant involvement of the deep lobe, that portion of the gland is dissected from beneath the nerve. (medscape.com)
The palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland is often involved and is easily seen by everting the upper lid. (medscape.com)
Pituitary gland: congestion and necrosis inanterior lobe. (cdc.gov)
The use of maxillary-mandibular planes to subdivide the deep lobe of the parotid gland in order to establish the tumour location and accessibility is introduced. (bvsalud.org)
Most of the recurrences are seen close to the spared deep lobe of parotid glands. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
As a dosimetric analysis, we compared the applied IMAT and the virtual IMRT without delineation of deep lobe of parotid glands. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
Superficial and/or deep lobe of parotid gland was constrained as 26 Gy. (hacettepe.edu.tr)

We present a patient with actinomycosis of the parotid, as confirmed by histology and discuss the challenges involved when clinical and radiological findings are highly indicative of metastatic malignancy. (uwi.edu)
The present article reviews the basic histology of salivary gland, its ductal system and also physiology of secretion of saliva and highlights the role of Aquaporins in saliva formation. (adejournal.com)

The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. (dannytreti.com)
Most major salivary gland tumors begin in this gland . (cancer.gov)

But sometimes your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine - a condition known as hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid disease). (keywen.com)
HYPOTHYROIDISM ALSO known as an underactive thyroid, this occurs when the gland fails to produce enough of the hormone thyroxine. (keywen.com)
Hyperthyroidism is caused by an overactive thyroid gland which leads to an overproduction of thyroid hormone. (keywen.com)
Decreased secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland may be due to inflammation (thyroiditis) or progressive failure (atrophy) of the thyroid glands. (keywen.com)
This hormone stimulates the production of TSH in the pituitary which then stimulates secretion of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. (keywen.com)
Example: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), released by the anterior pituitary, stimulates secretion and release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland. (keywen.com)
In many cases the waves are mostly too harmful for the cells which balance the secretion of hormones in the thyroid gland. (keywen.com)
Graves disease is associated with the thyroid gland and is a type of an autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism. (keywen.com)
Graves disease in adults is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland. (keywen.com)
The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes generalized overactivity of the thyroid gland. (keywen.com)
Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). (keywen.com)
Sometimes the thyroid gland can become enlarged from overactivity (as in Grave's disease) or from underactivity (as in hypothyroidism). (keywen.com)
Hyperthyroidism is overactivity of the thyroid gland that leads to high levels of thyroid hormones and speeding up of vital body functions. (keywen.com)
H.Thyroxin will be prescribed if the doctor determines through clinical and laboratory tests that you have an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). (keywen.com)
According to Goldberg, without sufficient vitamin A, your thyroid gland cannot produce thyroxin, a hormone that helps the thyroid absorb iodine. (keywen.com)
As a nutritional element, iodine is vital to the production of thyroxin by the thyroid gland. (keywen.com)
The thyroid gland, for example, releases thyroid hormones into the bloodstream, giving the hormones access to all other cells of the body. (keywen.com)
The radioactive iodine is taken orally and reaches your thyroid gland through your bloodstream, destroying thyroid cells. (keywen.com)
The thyroid gland secretes the hormone "thyroxin" directly into the bloodstream. (keywen.com)
However there are a small portion of lumps or tumors that grow in the thyroid gland that are malignant or cancerous that need to be treated immediately. (keywen.com)
The parotid gland (the mumps gland), thyroid gland, and other areas inside the mouth or throat can be aspirated as well. (keywen.com)

Tumors rarely involve more than one gland and are detected as a growth in the parotid, submandibular area, on the palate, floor of mouth, cheeks, or lips. (keywen.com)
Most small salivary gland tumors begin in the palate (roof of the mouth). (cancer.gov)
1-3 The oral cavity includes the lip, floor of the mouth, salivary glands, and other sites such as the palate, buccal mucosa, alveolar ridges, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and retromolar trigone (the area behind the last mandibular molars). (health.mil)

Parotid tumors are abnormal growths of cells (tumors) that form in the parotid glands. (dannytreti.com)

The aim of this study was to determine the morphological changes in the parotid glands of rats exposed to cigarette smoke by histomorphometric analysis of serous acini. (bvsalud.org)
Aquaporins in Salivary Gland - The Water Fa(u)cet of an Acini? (adejournal.com)
Aquaporins are water channels expressed in acini of salivary glands and play an important role in formation of saliva. (adejournal.com)

Interphone was therefore initiated as an international set of case-control studies1 focussing on four types of tumours in tissues that most absorb RF energy emitted by mobile phones: tumours of the brain (glioma and meningioma), acoustic nerve (schwannoma) and parotid gland. (who.int)
Interphone was the largest case-control study to date investigating risks related to mobile phone use and to other potential risk factors for the tumours of interest and included 2,765 glioma, 2,425 meningioma, 1,121 acoustic neuroma, 109 malignant parotid gland tumour cases and 7,658 controls. (who.int)
Separate studies have being carried out for acoustic neurinoma, glioma, meningioma and tumours of the parotid gland. (who.int)
The study includes approximately 2600 gliomas, 2300 meningiomas, 1100 acoustic neurinomas, 400 parotid gland tumours and their respective controls. (who.int)
For parotid gland tumours, no increased risk was observed overall for any measure of exposure investigated. (who.int)
In the Israeli study, where study subjects tended to report substantially heavier use of mobile phones, results suggest a possible relation between heavy mobile phone use and risk of parotid gland tumours. (who.int)

The abnormal growth typically presents as slow-growing, solitary, unfixed neoplasm in the parotid area, although some are multinodular and fixed. (dannytreti.com)
The report stresses the great rarity of this neoplasm in the parotid gland and discusses the problem of the behaviour of haemangiopericytomas. (uniss.it)

Recently, we have experienced a case of basal cell adenocarcinoma arising from the bilateral parotid gland in a 38-year old woman who was previously operated on superficial parotidectomy due to pleomorphic adenoma. (kjhno.org)
We report a 12 years female child who presented with 12 episodes of non-painful recurrent swellings of the bilateral parotid gland in the past 3 years. (jiaps.com)
A mumps case was defined as a case with acute onset of unilateral or bilateral swelling of the parotid gland or other salivary glands. (who.int)
Mumps, an acute viral illness characterized by unilateral or bilateral tenderness or swelling of the parotid or other salivary glands, is transmitted through person-to-person contact or by direct contact with respiratory droplets or saliva from an infected person. (who.int)
A mumps case was defined as a case of acute onset of unilateral or bilateral swelling of the parotid gland or other salivary gland in a student or staff member in the two schools from 6 February to 3 June 2012. (who.int)

The parotid glands are two salivary glands that sit just in front of the ears on each side of the face. (dannytreti.com)
Starting as tiny buds in the oral cavity, these glands eventually form two lobes that sit just in front of the ears on either side, stretching from the cheekbone down to the jawline. (sorrypockat.com)
Firm, usually painless swelling in one of the salivary glands (in front of the ears, under the chin, or on the floor of the mouth). (medlineplus.gov)
Most cancers of this type affect the parotid glands in front of the ears. (webmd.com)

There are 3 main pairs of salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS . (bvsalud.org)

Other substances such as tetracycline have been shown to cause necrosis of the gland when instilled into the ductal system. (medscape.com)
The tumor mainly occurs in the parotid gland and presents a ductal phenotype and an intraductal/intracystic growth pattern. (unina.it)
Salivary glands are composed of a parenchymal component, each consisting of the secretory units and the ductal system. (adejournal.com)

Labeled structures include: superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and the parotid gland. (nucleusmedicalmedia.com)
The parotid gland is a paired organ and has two portions: the deep portion that is located topographically in the retromandibular fossa, and the superficial portion of the parotid gland that is situated within superficial tissue on the lateral side of the face in front of and below the ear. (sorrypockat.com)

Signs and symptoms may be caused by salivary gland cancer or by other conditions . (cancer.gov)

The effects of the compounds on secretion of saliva from the parotid salivary gland were measured for up to 3 hours after injection. (cdc.gov)
PAM, TMB-4, and toxogonin at doses up to 125mg/kg suppressed secretion of parotid saliva induced by pilocarpine, dimetilan, and dichlorvos within 30 minutes when they were administered simultaneously with the agents. (cdc.gov)

For salivary gland cancer, an endoscope is inserted into the mouth to look at the mouth, throat, and larynx. (cancer.gov)

Each parotid is wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and secretes serous saliva through the parotid duct into the mouth, to facilitate mastication and swallowing and to begin the digestion. (dannytreti.com)

This is a result of swollen salivary glands. (cdc.gov)

The goal was to find out whether mobile phone radiation is able to increase the risk of four kinds of cancer - acoustic neuroma, glioma, meningioma, and tumors of the parotid gland. (gsmarena.com)

Most salivary gland tumors are noncancerous and slow growing. (medlineplus.gov)

Is Sparing the Deep Lobes of Parotid Gla. (hacettepe.edu.tr)

There are also hundreds of small salivary glands lining the rest of the mouth. (medlineplus.gov)

If directly assigning SS2000, use the *Parotid Gland, Other Major Salivary Glands* chapter on page 54 of the [SS2000 on-line manual](http://seer.cancer.gov/tools/ssm/SSSM2000-122012.pdf#page=54). (cancer.gov)
Salivary gland cancer treatment (adult) (PDQ) - health professional version. (medlineplus.gov)
Salivary gland cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the salivary glands. (cancer.gov)
Signs of salivary gland cancer include a lump or trouble swallowing. (cancer.gov)
Salivary gland cancer may not cause any symptoms . (cancer.gov)
The most common site of OCP cancer was the parotid gland (n=72). (health.mil)

Connective tissue septa divide the gland into lobes, by interlobar septa and smaller lobules, by interlobular septa. (online-sciences.com)

Parotid Gland Tumor is more common in the distal portion of the gland presenting as a discrete mass. (dannytreti.com)

Warthin tumors may increase in size over time, but few become cancerous Findings compatible with a left parotid Warthin's tumor. (dannytreti.com)

On the other hand, BN can cause short-term adverse effects like erosion of the teeth, enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, and acidic stomachs leading to heartburn. (ttu.edu)

Salivary glands are exocrine glands secreting saliva into the oral cavity. (adejournal.com)

Do explain all your medical conditions, your medications, and other health issues before the surgery as they will help us decide whether you are a candidate for the salivary gland surgery or not. (drsudhirkumar.in)
You will feel some facial weakness in the case of parotid gland tumor removal surgery. (drsudhirkumar.in)
Earlobe numbness is also common after parotid gland surgery. (drsudhirkumar.in)
Surgery is most often done to remove the affected salivary gland. (medlineplus.gov)
Parotidectomy is a complex surgery involving careful monitoring of your facial nerves, which run through the parotid gland and control things like your ability to smile, kiss, and close your eyes. (mainlinehealth.org)
Talk with your doctor about your particular condition, and the benefits and risks of parotid gland surgery. (mainlinehealth.org)

Paralizia de facial n cursul zonei zoster intraductal papilloma parotid gland Paralizia extrapietroas a nervului facial poate fi intracranian n cazul neurinomului de acustic sau facial, bolilor ale sistemului nervos tip intraductal papilloma parotid gland, encefalit, scleroz, meningit sau extracranian datorit unor tumori maligne de parotid, traumatisme de parotid, maladia Besnier Boeck Schaumann. (pentru-rares.ro)
Removal of tumor from the parotid gland requires an expert general surgeon as the main nerve of the face, the facial nerve passes through/below or above it. (drsudhirkumar.in)
Multiple minor glands Important structure that run through the parotid gland: 1.Branch of facial nerve. (sorrypockat.com)
The facial nerve after entering the parotid gland splits into two main branches, the temporofacial and cervicofacial branches. (sorrypockat.com)
A method of incising parotid abscess without injury to the facial nerve distribution. (medscape.com)

A histochemical and biochemical study of the parotid gland in normal and hypophysectomized rats Based on a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the School of Graduate Studies, University of Michigan. (umich.edu)
It was shown that long-lasting streptozotocin-induced diabetes increased the MDA level only in the submandibular glands of rats in comparison to the control [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
11 ] showed an increase in the MDA content in parotid glands of rats 30 days after STZ injection. (hindawi.com)
12 ] claimed that changes in MDA depend on the duration of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and the type of the salivary glands of rats. (hindawi.com)

A proportion of primary squamous cell carcinomas of the parotid gland harbour high-risk human papillomavirus. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy19

Organisms1

Diseases23

Chemicals and Drugs11

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes3

Information Science1

Fine structure and cytochemistry of the intralobular ducts of the human parotid gland. (1/1132)

Origin of acinar cell regeneration after atrophy of the rat parotid induced by duct obstruction. (2/1132)

Secretion of old versus new exportable protein in rat parotid slics. Control by neurotransmitters. (3/1132)

Ryanodine and inositol trisphosphate receptors are differentially distributed and expressed in rat parotid gland. (4/1132)

Quantitative description of the spatial arrangement of organelles in a polarised secretory epithelial cell: the salivary gland acinar cell. (5/1132)

Ultrastructure of the parotid gland in two species of naked-backed bats. (6/1132)

Developmental changes of sugar residues and secretory protein in mucous cells of the early postnatal rat parotid gland. (7/1132)

Isoproterenol potentiates alpha-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor-mediated Ca2+ response in rat parotid cells. (8/1132)

Parotid Gland

Parotid Neoplasms

Parotid Diseases

Salivary Glands

Adenolymphoma

Submandibular Gland

Amylases

Sublingual Gland

Salivary Proteins and Peptides

Adenoma, Pleomorphic

Salivary Ducts

Salivation

Parotitis

Exocrine Glands

Salivary Gland Diseases

Xerostomia

Sialography

Salivary Gland Neoplasms

Saliva

Mammary Glands, Animal

Proline-Rich Protein Domains

Aquaporin 5

Isoproterenol

Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid

Carcinoma, Acinar Cell

Salivary Glands, Minor

Salivary Gland Fistula

Sjogren's Syndrome

Myoepithelioma

Salivary Duct Calculi

Sweat Glands

Carbachol

Pilocarpine

Submandibular Gland Neoplasms

Sweating, Gustatory

Lacrimal Apparatus

Sebaceous Glands

Harderian Gland

Submandibular Gland Diseases

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Facial Nerve

Cytoplasmic Granules

Adrenal Glands

Salivary Gland Calculi

Sympathectomy

Rats, Inbred Strains

Parotid Region

Trigeminal Nerve Diseases

Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated

Secretory Rate

Organ Sparing Treatments

Substance P

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic

Secretory Vesicles

Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus

Tuberculosis, Oral

Methenamine

Muscarinic Agonists

Tannins

Atropine

Microscopy, Electron

Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms

Fine structure and cytochemistry of the intralobular ducts of the human parotid gland. (1/1132)

Origin of acinar cell regeneration after atrophy of the rat parotid induced by duct obstruction. (2/1132)

Secretion of old versus new exportable protein in rat parotid slics. Control by neurotransmitters. (3/1132)

Ryanodine and inositol trisphosphate receptors are differentially distributed and expressed in rat parotid gland. (4/1132)

Quantitative description of the spatial arrangement of organelles in a polarised secretory epithelial cell: the salivary gland acinar cell. (5/1132)

Ultrastructure of the parotid gland in two species of naked-backed bats. (6/1132)

Developmental changes of sugar residues and secretory protein in mucous cells of the early postnatal rat parotid gland. (7/1132)

Isoproterenol potentiates alpha-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor-mediated Ca2+ response in rat parotid cells. (8/1132)

Molecular and pharmacological characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes in a rat parotid gland cell line: Comparison...

Parotid gland - Wikipedia

Effects of extracellular ATP on ion transport systems and [Ca2+]i in rat parotid acinar cells. Comparison with the muscarinic...

Two modes of regulation of the phospholipase C-linked substance-P receptor in rat parotid acinar cells | Biochemical Journal

Plus it

Metabolism of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate in rat parotid glands | Biochemical Journal

Feasibility Study of MRI Imaging on Parotid Gland Stimulation - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov

PAROTID SALIVARY GLAND - Saving Faces

What Is The Parotid Gland?

Parotid Gland

$Gentaur Molecular :Biochai \ cDNA Human Adult Normal Tissue Parotid \ C1234190-10$ Gentaur Molecular :Biochai \ cDNA Human Adult Normal Tissue Parotid \ C1234190-10

$Gentaur Molecular :Zyagen \ Bovine Salivary, Parotid \ BF-316$ Gentaur Molecular :Zyagen \ Bovine Salivary, Parotid \ BF-316