Parasite load. Medical search

Measure of the number of the PARASITES present in a host organism.

Invertebrate organisms that live on or in another organism (the host), and benefit at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.

A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African.

The relationship between an invertebrate and another organism (the host), one of which lives at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). Human infections are confined almost entirely to children. This parasite is commonly seen in dogs, other Canidae, and porcupines with humans considered only an accidental host. Transmission is by Phlebotomus sandflies.

An endemic disease that is characterized by the development of single or multiple localized lesions on exposed areas of skin that typically ulcerate. The disease has been divided into Old and New World forms. Old World leishmaniasis is separated into three distinct types according to epidemiology and clinical manifestations and is caused by species of the L. tropica and L. aethiopica complexes as well as by species of the L. major genus. New World leishmaniasis, also called American leishmaniasis, occurs in South and Central America and is caused by species of the L. mexicana or L. braziliensis complexes.

Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. The infestation may be experimental or veterinary.

Substances that are destructive to protozoans.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS) of the Old World. Transmission is by Phlebotomus sandflies.

Determination of parasite eggs in feces.

A genus of flagellate protozoa comprising several species that are pathogenic for humans. Organisms of this genus have an amastigote and a promastigote stage in their life cycles. As a result of enzymatic studies this single genus has been divided into two subgenera: Leishmania leishmania and Leishmania viannia. Species within the Leishmania leishmania subgenus include: L. aethiopica, L. arabica, L. donovani, L. enrietti, L. gerbilli, L. hertigi, L. infantum, L. major, L. mexicana, and L. tropica. The following species are those that compose the Leishmania viannia subgenus: L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis, L. lainsoni, L. naiffi, and L. shawi.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with LEISHMANIA.

A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL).

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). The sandfly genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia are the vectors.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of protozoa.

A phylum of acoelomate, bilaterally symmetrical flatworms, without a definite anus. It includes three classes: Cestoda, Turbellaria, and Trematoda.

The agent of South American trypanosomiasis or CHAGAS DISEASE. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors.

The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.

Proteins found in any species of protozoan.

Common name for many members of the FALCONIFORMES order, family Accipitridae, generally smaller than EAGLES, and containing short, rounded wings and a long tail.

Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS.

A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.

A genus of protozoa parasitic to birds and mammals. T. gondii is one of the most common infectious pathogenic animal parasites of man.

A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is most prevalent in the tropics and subtropics.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to PROTOZOAN ANTIGENS.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania viannia that infects man and animals. It causes cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS) depending on the subspecies of this organism. The sandfly, Lutzomyia, is the vector. The Leishmania braziliensis complex includes the subspecies braziliensis and peruviana. Uta, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World, is caused by the subspecies peruviana.

A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.

A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals including rodents. The Leishmania mexicana complex causes both cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS) and includes the subspecies amazonensis, garnhami, mexicana, pifanoi, and venezuelensis. L. m. mexicana causes chiclero ulcer, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS) in the New World. The sandfly, Lutzomyia, appears to be the vector.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed protozoa administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious protozoan disease.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

The study of parasites and PARASITIC DISEASES.

DNA of kinetoplasts which are specialized MITOCHONDRIA of trypanosomes and related parasitic protozoa within the order KINETOPLASTIDA. Kinetoplast DNA consists of a complex network of numerous catenated rings of two classes; the first being a large number of small DNA duplex rings, called minicircles, approximately 2000 base pairs in length, and the second being several dozen much larger rings, called maxicircles, approximately 37 kb in length.

Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.

1-Deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol. A derivative of sorbitol in which the hydroxyl group in position 1 is replaced by a methylamino group. Often used in conjunction with iodinated organic compounds as contrast medium.

Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.

A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI. After infection, less than 10% develop acute illness such as MYOCARDITIS (mostly in children). The disease then enters a latent phase without clinical symptoms until about 20 years later. Myocardial symptoms of advanced CHAGAS DISEASE include conduction defects (HEART BLOCK) and CARDIOMEGALY.

A genus of livebearing cyprinodont fish comprising the guppy and molly. Some species are virtually all female and depend on sperm from other species to stimulate egg development. Poecilia is used in carcinogenicity studies as well as neurologic and physiologic research.

Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms of the genus TOXOPLASMA.

Intestinal infection with organisms of the genus CRYPTOSPORIDIUM. It occurs in both animals and humans. Symptoms include severe DIARRHEA.

Small, hairy, moth-like flies which are of considerable public health importance as vectors of certain pathogenic organisms. Important disease-related genera are PHLEBOTOMUS, Lutzomyia, and Sergentomyia.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).

The body fluid that circulates in the vascular system (BLOOD VESSELS). Whole blood includes PLASMA and BLOOD CELLS.

Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A phylum of unicellular parasitic EUKARYOTES characterized by the presence of complex apical organelles generally consisting of a conoid that aids in penetrating host cells, rhoptries that possibly secrete a proteolytic enzyme, and subpellicular microtubules that may be related to motility.

The continuous sequence of changes undergone by living organisms during the post-embryonic developmental process, such as metamorphosis in insects and amphibians. This includes the developmental stages of apicomplexans such as the malarial parasite, PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM.

Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES, commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms (NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also known as HELMINTHIASIS.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

A protozoan parasite of rodents transmitted by the mosquito Anopheles dureni.

Agents used in the treatment of malaria. They are usually classified on the basis of their action against plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1585)

Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. They are often contracted through contact with an intermediate vector, but may occur as the result of direct exposure.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Class of parasitic flukes consisting of three subclasses, Monogenea, Aspidogastrea, and Digenea. The digenetic trematodes are the only ones found in man. They are endoparasites and require two hosts to complete their life cycle.

A constitution or condition of the body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic stimuli and thus tends to make the individual more than usually susceptible to certain diseases.

Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.

The functional hereditary units of protozoa.

Methods used for detecting the amplified DNA products from the polymerase chain reaction as they accumulate instead of at the end of the reaction.

A genus of the family Muridae having three species. The present domesticated strains were developed from individuals brought from Syria. They are widely used in biomedical research.

A subclass of segmented worms comprising the tapeworms.

Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa.

A cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; DENDRITIC CELLS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and INFLAMMATION. Interleukin-10 combines with itself to form a homodimeric molecule that is the biologically active form of the protein.

Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections may be experimental or veterinary.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

An order of heteroxenous protozoa in which the macrogamete and microgamont develop independently. A conoid is usually absent.

The complete genetic complement contained in a set of CHROMOSOMES in a protozoan.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Commonly known as parasitic worms, this group includes the ACANTHOCEPHALA; NEMATODA; and PLATYHELMINTHS. Some authors consider certain species of LEECHES that can become temporarily parasitic as helminths.

Infestation of animals with parasitic worms of the helminth class. The infestation may be experimental or veterinary.

The relative amount by which the average fitness of a POPULATION is lowered, due to the presence of GENES that decrease survival, compared to the GENOTYPE with maximum or optimal fitness. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Tests that demonstrate the relative effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents against specific parasites.

A species of trematode blood flukes of the family Schistosomatidae. It is common in the Nile delta. The intermediate host is the planorbid snail. This parasite causes schistosomiasis mansoni and intestinal bilharziasis.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

The product of meiotic division of zygotes in parasitic protozoa comprising haploid cells. These infective cells invade the host and undergo asexual reproduction producing MEROZOITES (or other forms) and ultimately gametocytes.

Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration.

Infections by nematodes, general or unspecified.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete interleukin-2, gamma-interferon, and interleukin-12. Due to their ability to kill antigen-presenting cells and their lymphokine-mediated effector activity, Th1 cells are associated with vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.

A species of PLASMODIUM causing malaria in rodents.

Infections caused by infestation with worms of the class Trematoda.

A protozoan parasite that causes vivax malaria (MALARIA, VIVAX). This species is found almost everywhere malaria is endemic and is the only one that has a range extending into the temperate regions.

The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.

Cells or feeding stage in the life cycle of sporozoan protozoa. In the malarial parasite, the trophozoite develops from the MEROZOITE and then splits into the SCHIZONT. Trophozoites that are left over from cell division can go on to form gametocytes.

A hemoflagellate subspecies of parasitic protozoa that causes nagana in domestic and game animals in Africa. It apparently does not infect humans. It is transmitted by bites of tsetse flies (Glossina).

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) that are known vectors of MALARIA.

A phylum of parasitic worms, closely related to tapeworms and containing two genera: Moniliformis, which sometimes infects man, and Macracanthorhynchus, which infects swine.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

Zygote-containing cysts of sporozoan protozoa. Further development in an oocyst produces small individual infective organisms called SPOROZOITES. Then, depending on the genus, the entire oocyst is called a sporocyst or the oocyst contains multiple sporocysts encapsulating the sporozoites.

Multinucleate cells or a stage in the development of sporozoan protozoa. It is exemplified by the life cycle of PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM in the MALARIA infection cycle.

Uninuclear cells or a stage in the life cycle of sporozoan protozoa. Merozoites, released from ruptured multinucleate SCHIZONTS, enter the blood stream and infect the ERYTHROCYTES.

Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.

A genus of flagellate protozoans found in the blood and lymph of vertebrates and invertebrates, both hosts being required to complete the life cycle.

A phylum of fungi comprising minute intracellular PARASITES with FUNGAL SPORES of unicellular origin. It has two classes: Rudimicrosporea and MICROSPOREA.

A species of parasitic EUKARYOTES that attaches itself to the intestinal mucosa and feeds on mucous secretions. The organism is roughly pear-shaped and motility is somewhat erratic, with a slow oscillation about the long axis.

Ribonucleic acid in protozoa having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

Infections with true tapeworms of the helminth subclass CESTODA.

Protozoan infection found in animals and man. It is caused by several different genera of COCCIDIA.

One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.

A group of SESQUITERPENES and their analogs that contain a peroxide group (PEROXIDES) within an oxepin ring (OXEPINS).

A species of parasitic protozoa causing ENTAMOEBIASIS and amebic dysentery (DYSENTERY, AMEBIC). Characteristics include a single nucleus containing a small central karyosome and peripheral chromatin that is finely and regularly beaded.

The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man.

Vaccines made from antigens arising from any of the four strains of Plasmodium which cause malaria in humans, or from P. berghei which causes malaria in rodents.

Insects that transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

A class of unsegmented helminths with fundamental bilateral symmetry and secondary triradiate symmetry of the oral and esophageal structures. Many species are parasites.

A genus of protozoan parasites of the subclass COCCIDIA. Various species are parasitic in the epithelial cells of the liver and intestines of man and other animals.

1NM-PP1 treatment of mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii. (1/207)

Bumped kinase inhibitors (BKIs) target analog-sensitive kinases, which the genomes of mammals rarely encode. Previously, we demonstrated that a BKI effectively suppressed the in vitro replication of Toxoplasma gondii, the causative pathogen of toxoplasmosis, by targeting T. gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (TgCDPK1) (Eukaryotic Cell, 9: 667-670). Here, we examined whether the BKI 1NM-PP1 reduced parasite replication in vivo. A high dose of 1NM-PP1, by intraperitoneal injection, just before the parasite inoculation effectively reduced the parasite load in the brains, livers, and lungs of T. gondii-infected mice, however, a low dose of 1NM-PP1 with oral administration didn't change the survival rates of infected mice. (+info)

Comparative histological and immunohistochemical changes of dry type cutaneous leishmaniasis after administration of meglumine antimoniate, imiquimod or combination therapy. (2/207)

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Long-term cleaner fish presence affects growth of a coral reef fish. (3/207)

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In vitro and in vivo antileishmanial efficacy of a combination therapy of diminazene and artesunate against Leishmania donovani in BALB/c mice. (4/207)

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In vitro and in vivo studies of the utility of dimethyl and diethyl carbaporphyrin ketals in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. (5/207)

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Accelerated healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis in non-healing BALB/c mice using water soluble amphotericin B-polymethacrylic acid. (6/207)

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Analysis of the expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and cytokine production during experimental Leishmania chagasi infection. (7/207)

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Melarsoprol cyclodextrin inclusion complexes as promising oral candidates for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis. (8/207)

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This increased the parasite load within the population. Parasite load is a complex ecological phenomenon, often exhibiting a ... Bird species have also exhibited behavioural effects in relation to parasite load. In passerine songbirds, high parasite load ... the larger sex is thought to tolerate higher parasite loads. In insects, susceptibility to parasite load has been linked to ... Parasite load is a measure of the number and virulence of the parasites that a host organism harbours. Quantitative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasite_load

Retrieved 2021-10-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) Ray, Georgia (2017-11-22). "Parasite Load and Disease in Wild ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_disease

Ray, Georgia (2017-11-22). "Parasite Load and Disease in Wild Animals". Wild-Animal Suffering Research. Archived from the ... As a result, parasites may reduce the movement, reproduction and survival of their hosts. Parasites can alter the phenotype of ... Many wild animals, particularly larger ones, have been found to be infected with at least one parasite. Parasites can ... Some parasites have the capacity to manipulate the cognitive function of their hosts, such as worms which make crickets kill ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_animal_suffering

Ray, Georgia (2017-11-22). "Parasite Load and Disease in Wild Animals". Wild-Animal Suffering Research. Archived from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife

Parasite loads affect migration. Severely infected individuals are weak and have shortened lifespans. Infection creates an ... This results in populations with lower parasite loads. Migration is usually marked by well defined destinations which need ... Bartel, Rebecca; Oberhauser, Karen; De Roode, Jacob; Atizer, Sonya (February 2011). "Monarch butterfly migration and parasite ... to the Neogregarine Parasite, Ophryocystis elektroscirrha". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 69 (1): 79-83. CiteSeerX 10.1. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_migration

Numerous parasites are known for this species, and both juveniles and adults often carry heavy parasite loads. Known internal ... Velvet bellies often carry a heavy parasite load. It is ovoviviparous, giving birth to litters of six to 20 young every two to ... Some of these parasites use the velvet belly's prey as intermediate hosts and are acquired via ingestion, while others use the ... The barnacle Anelasma squalicola, an external parasite, attaches to the shark's dorsal spine socket and penetrates deeply into ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velvet_belly_lanternshark

Pester, F. R. N.; Laurence, B. R. (2009). "The parasite load of some African game animals". Journal of Zoology. 174 (3): 397- ... Several parasites have been isolated from the hartebeest. These parasites regularly alternate between hartebeest and gazelles ... However, parasites are not always harmful - 252 larvae were found in the head of one Zambian individual without any ... U. (2009). "Parasites gastro-intestinaux d'antilopes et de buffles (Syncerus caffer brachyceros) du ranch de gibier de Nazinga ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartebeest

Numerous studies have demonstrated an increase in contact-transmitted parasite load with group size increase, and thus research ... If a parasite has entered the nest and established itself, groups must now mount defences which inhibit the spread of parasites ... Once a parasite has entered the nest, colonies must now prevent the establishment of the parasite - this is particularly ... "Genetic variation within social insect colonies reduces parasite load". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_immunity

The parasite load of this species has been investigated. The nematode Rhabdochona cotti lives in its intestine. Another ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Ridge_sculpin

It is increased during malaria fever; its severity is correlated to the malaria parasite load in blood. Some evidence indicates ... digested by the parasite) and a heme unit (not used by the parasite). During this process, the parasite releases the toxic and ... Chloroquine-resistant parasites pump chloroquine out at 40 times the rate of chloroquine-sensitive parasites; the pump is coded ... Action of the toxic FP-chloroquine and FP results in cell lysis and ultimately parasite cell autodigestion. Parasites that do ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroquine

A male's response to a broadcast song appears to be indicative of his health and vigour; owls with higher blood parasite loads ... Redpath, Stephen M.; Appleby, Bridget M.; Petty, Steve J. (2000). "Do male hoots betray parasite loads in Tawny Owls?". Journal ... and fewer parasites than brown birds. Although this might suggest that eventually the brown morph could disappear, the owls ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawny_owl

Migrating reindeer can be negatively affected by parasite loads. Severely infected individuals are weak and probably have ... Bartel, Rebecca; Oberhauser, Karen; De Roode, Jacob; Atizer, Sonya (February 2011). "Monarch butterfly migration and parasite ... by a dog sled loaded with cargo and 150-180 km (93-112 mi) by a dog sled without cargo), it has the advantage that the reindeer ... a nematode parasite that causes reindeer, moose (Alces alces), elk (Cervus canadensis), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reindeer

Redpath, S. M.; Bridget M Appleby; Steve J Petty (2000). "Do male hoots betray parasite loads in Tawny Owls?". Journal of Avian ... Experiments also suggest that parasites and diseases may directly affect song characteristics such as song rate, which thereby ... help brood parasites, or protect against predation, but strong support is lacking for any function. Many birds, especially ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_vocalization

This results in overwintering populations with lower parasite loads. Owners of commercial butterfly-breeding operations claim ... This parasite can rapidly build up in captive monarchs, especially if they are housed together. The spores of the parasite also ... Additionally, females had lower wing loading than males, which would mean females require less energy to fly. Adults are ... Parasites include the tachinid flies Sturmia convergens and Lespesia archippivora. Lesperia-parasitized butterfly larvae ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_butterfly

As such, overpopulation is thus characterized by an increase in the diseases and parasite-load which live upon the species in ... Average body sizes have decreased and parasite loads are higher. Before the 1980s, Arctic geese populations had boom and bust ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpopulation

Males with larger home territory ranges were also subject to carrying even greater loads of parasites. Trematodes, ... effects of predatory pressure and parasite load". Acta Ethologica. 16: 173-179. doi:10.1007/s10211-013-0148-2. ISSN 0873-9749. ... Lewin, J. (1992). "Parasites of the sand lizard [Lacerta agilis L.] in Poland". Acta Parasitologica. 37 (1). ISSN 1230-2821. ... metacercariae, cestode larva, nematodes, nematode larvae and acarines are all examples of parasites that inhabit the alimentary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_lizard

Cotgreave, Peter & Clayton, Dale H. (1994). "Comparative analysis of time spent grooming by birds in relation to parasite load ... The ingestion of parasites during preening may result in infection; the tick-borne disease louping ill virus can be transmitted ... Preen oil may play a part in protecting at least some species from some internal parasites; a study of the incidence of avian ... have shown that removing or restricting access to the uropygial gland typically results in a higher bacterial parasite load on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preening

"Environmental drivers of parasite load and species richness in introduced parakeets in an urban landscape". Parasitology ... Her research involves systematics work on flies, and the hosts of flies that are parasites. She has carried out extensive field ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erica_McAlister

Testing the feces for parasite load may also help diagnose colic secondary to parasitic infection. Radiographs (x-rays) are ... It is usually the result of a change in diet, but can also occur due to low dietary roughage levels, parasites (22% of ... with current theories for such cases including neural dysfunction within the intestinal wall secondary to parasite migration, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_colic

Fish of this species are often found to carry heavy parasite loads. They play host to the metacercariae of flukes, including ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthogobius_flavimanus

"Vaccination with Recombinant Aspartic Hemoglobinase Reduces Parasite Load and Blood Loss after Hookworm Infection in Dogs". ... Parasites of cats, Cat diseases, Parasites of dogs, Dog diseases, Infectious diseases with eradication efforts, Wikipedia ... This is the filariform stage of the parasite, that is, the nonfeeding infective form of the larvae. The L3 larvae are extremely ... Hookworm infection is an infection by a type of intestinal parasite known as a hookworm. Initially, itching and a rash may ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookworm_infection

Worthen, CC (2001). "Parasite load, growth, fluctuating asymmetry, and stress hormone profiles among children in a rural ... Several hypotheses have attempted to explain how parasite load influences female mate choice, as certain traits are thought to ... It was found, however, that increased testosterone influenced parasite loads, indicating an indirect role of the hormone in ... With regards to parasite-stress theory, these findings would be interpreted as those men who have encountered more parasites - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasite-stress_theory

Still, diagnosis can be difficult because of the day-to-day variation in juvenile parasite load. Ideally, prevention, by ... If the parasite reaches the lungs, the chest may feel as if it is burning, and wheezing and coughing may result, along with ... This parasite depends on chemical cues to find a potential host. It uses sensor neurons of class AFD to identify cues excreted ... Dogs can act as a host for this parasite both in the wild and in the laboratory but transmission from dog to human has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strongyloides_stercoralis

... parasite load and natural antibodies". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 273 (1588): 797-804. doi: ... Worden, B. D.; Parker, P. G.; Pappas, P. W. (2000). "Parasites reduce attractiveness and reproductive success in male grain ... Santiago-Alarcon, D.; Whiteman, N. K.; Parker, P. G.; Ricklefs, R. E.; Valkiūnas, G. (2008). "Patterns of Parasite Abundance ... "Host selection and parasite infection in Aedes taeniorhynchus, endemic disease vector in the Galápagos Islands". Infection, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_G._Parker

The preference for unparasitized shoals increases with an increase in parasite load of a parasitized individual. Shoaling ... Black spots indicate the presence of a parasite, whereas the absence of these spots indicates an unparasitized individual. Both ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banded_killifish

With this specific method, one can still detect Leishmania even with a very low parasite load. When needing to diagnose a ... Aoun K, Bouratbine A (2014). "Cutaneous leishmaniasis in North Africa: a review". Parasite. 21: 14. doi:10.1051/parasite/ ... "parasite loads in infected sand flies observed in this study were considered low". Visceral disease is usually caused by ... But it was Ronald Ross who proposed that Leishman-Donovan bodies were the intracellular stages of a new parasite, which he ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leishmaniasis

An eel with an advanced parasite load shows symptoms such as bleeding lesions and swimbladder collapse. The eel becomes more ... Benthic fish also acquire greater parasite loads, due to their tendency to prey on epibenthic intermediate hosts or other ... High parasitic loads (>10 adult nematodes per eel) can reduce the proportion of oxygen in the swimbladder by about 60% in ... It is a natural parasite of the Japanese eel in its native range. The life cycle of Anguillicoloides crassus begins when the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguillicoloides_crassus

October 2005). "Vaccination with Recombinant Aspartic Hemoglobinase Reduces Parasite Load and Blood Loss after Hookworm ... However, these drugs only eliminate existing adult parasites and re-infection can occur soon after treatment. School-based de- ... Both the Th2 helper cells and IgE antibody are important players in recognition and immunoregulation against parasites. The ... but it is a cysteine-rich secretory protein that is released during parasite entry into the host. It may have some function in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookworm_vaccine

Mating success decreases with higher parasite loads and, though females that mate and lay eggs have a shorter lifespan, they ... Populations which migrate have lower parasite loads than those which are non-migratory. The prevalence (proportion of ... Parasites do not continue to replicate on adult butterflies and spores must be eaten by larvae before they can cause new ... Parasite levels vary between geographical populations ranging from 70% to 3%. This is not the case in laboratory rearing, where ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophryocystis_elektroscirrha

... s can strand on Atlantic coasts, often in warmer months, due to dehydration and parasite load. In March 2020, a harp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harp_seal

They grow as parasites or saprobes on the roots or bases of various species of hardwoods, especially oak, and conifers, and ... sparassis at dictionary.com "Loading..." www.mycobank.org. Retrieved 2022-04-07. Desjardin DE, Wang Z, Binder M, Hibbett DS ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparassis

It increases viral load seven to ten times, which increases the chances of transmission of HIV through sexual intercourse from ... Parasites can be eliminated with medication that is cost-effective and easy to administer. Twice-yearly treatments range from $ ... Intestinal parasites are extremely prevalent in tropical areas. These include helminths like hookworms, roundworms, and flukes ... After penetrating the skin and eventually traveling to the intestines or the urinary tract, the parasite lays eggs and infects ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseases_of_poverty

Tumble dryers can also be top loading, in which the drum is loaded from the top of the machine and the drum's ends are in the ... Drying at a minimum of 60 °C (140 °F) heat for thirty minutes kills many parasites including house dust mites, bedbugs, and ... Heat pump dryers use about 1 kW⋅h of energy to dry an average load instead of 2 kW⋅h for a condenser dryer, or from 3 to 9 kW⋅h ... As a consequence of the increased humidity of the air used to dry the load, this type of dryer requires somewhat more time than ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothes_dryer

The bottleneck exploits random processes in the cell to increase the cell-to-cell variability in mutant load as an organism ... The smallest mitochondrial genome sequenced to date is the 5,967 bp mtDNA of the parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Endosymbiotic ... In February 2020, a jellyfish-related parasite - Henneguya salminicola - was discovered that lacks mitochondrial genome but ... "A cnidarian parasite of salmon (Myxozoa: Henneguya) lacks a mitochondrial genome". Proceedings of the National Academy of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

When garbage must be off-loaded (for example, because glass and aluminium cannot be incinerated), cruise ships can put a strain ... intestinal parasites, and harmful nutrients. Discharges of untreated or inadequately treated sewage can cause bacterial and ... wherever more cargo is loaded. Ballast water discharge typically contains a variety of biological materials, including plants, ... as well as recorded measuring via opacity meter while some are also using clean burning gas turbines for electrical loads and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_effects_of_shipping

"Parasites fail to halt European bumblebee invasion of the UK Archived 10 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine", Bumblebee ... to achieve flight with the degree of wing loading necessary. 'Supposedly someone did a back of the envelope calculation, taking ... Victoria Gill (18 July 2013). "Imported bumblebees pose 'parasite threat' to native bees". BBC News. Goulson, 2013. pp. 169-172 ... Fisher, R. M.; Sampson, B. J. (1992). "Morphological specializations of the bumble bee social parasite Psithyrus ashtoni ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumblebee

When parasite and predator threats are high and territory and resources are limited, a greater number of individual workers may ... As a result of the heavy work load requirement of nest building and repeated food provisioning in eusocial colonies, nest ... Such parasites inhabit every continent with the exception of Australia. Some taxonomists regard it as part of the tribe ... Under situations of low parasite and predator threat as well as plentiful territory and resource availability, the risk of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halictinae

These "parasites" which have become ubiquitous in genomes can be very deleterious to organisms as discussed below. However, ... of the transcriptional complex by interacting or associating with RNA polymerases during the transcription or loading processes ... Much is still to be known about these genomic parasites but it is clear they play a significant role within eukaryotic ... In essence, short interspersed nuclear elements are genetic parasites which have evolved very early in the history of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_interspersed_nuclear_element

The old interface took a long time to load each sample and displayed a spinning star while loading. Hence the moniker "Loadstar ... "Hadouken! - Parasite (FREE DOWNLOAD) by hadouken on SoundCloud". SoundCloud. 11 April 2012. "iTunes - Music - Parasite (Remixes ... They produced "Parasite", the lead single from Hadouken!'s third studio album Every Weekend. It was released as a free download ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loadstar_(duo)

For an organism to counteract the procurement of a parasite, they may display avoidance towards certain areas where parasites ... Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen loads collected by workers, and Pln-2 and pln-3 were shown to influence the sugar ... "Use of trade-off theory to advance understanding of herbivore-parasite interactions". Mammal Review. 36 (1): 1-16. doi:10.1111/ ... "Can animals use foraging behaviour to combat parasites?". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 62 (2): 361-370. doi:10.1079/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foraging

Rudy Jones / Parasite (portrayed by William Mapother) - A scientist working on solving climate change who was fused with an ... and Oliver Queen as Flash to enable Barry Allen as Green Arrow to hit it with a computer virus-loaded arrow. Another A.M.A.Z.O ... After Alex removes the parasites, Caroline is killed by an unknown assailant that later turned out to be Acrata. Breathtaker ( ... In season six, Lex Luthor and Nyxlygsptlnz summon a manifestation of Parasite to fight the Super Friends. Phillip Karnowsky / ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Supergirl_characters

In northern Europe, the moose botfly is a parasite whose range seems to be spreading. Moose typically carry a heavy burden of ... The moose hoof splays under load, increasing surface area, which limits sinking of the moose foot into soft ground or snow, and ... Moose bot fly larvae are common parasites of moose (Alces alces) in north and central Sweden. Last year, however, C. ulrichii ... and parasites from white-tailed deer to which moose have not developed a natural defense, such as liver flukes, brain worms and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moose

In coastal and estuarine ecosystems, climate change, nutrient loading, and fishing have been shown to have direct effects on ... Zooplankton, for example, vertically transport items such as organic carbon, nutrients, parasites, and food resources ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benthic-pelagic_coupling

carrying heavy loads) labor that enslaved individuals were forced to perform. Fractures to bones during or after excavation ... such as nutrients lost to intestinal parasites. However, dietary deficiencies are the most probable cause. Anemia incidence may ... Pearson, Osbjorn M.; Lieberman, Daniel E. (2004). "The Aging of Wolff's "Law:" Ontogeny and Response to Mechanical Loading in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioarchaeology

Workers and larvae can be infected by parasites; examined workers were seen with late-stage pupae of an unidentified parasite ... Group retrieval only occurs if a worker encounters another nestmate that is heavily loaded with resources. As these ants are ... Marking behaviour increases when workers encounter large prey items, which suggests that foragers with heavy loads deliberately ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green-head_ant

The I-5 was involved in tests of the Zveno project where a Tupolev TB-3 heavy bomber carried three I-5s as parasite fighters. ... Wing loading: 63.3 kg/m2 (13.0 lb/sq ft) Horizontal turn time: 10 sec Armament Guns: 2 × 7.62-mm PV-1 machine guns Bombs: 2 × ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polikarpov_I-5

Wu AG, Shah AS, Haelle TS, Lunos SA, Pitt MB (2018). "Choosing the perfect shot - The loaded narrative of imagery in online ... Haelle, Tara (2017). Insects as parasites. North Mankota, Minnesota: Rourke Educational Media. ISBN 978-1-68191-797-9. OCLC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tara_Haelle

Psychiatrists E. Fuller Torrey and R.H. Yolken have hypothesized that the latter, a common parasite in humans, contributes to ... was greatly increased if the subjects had both a higher genetic load for schizophrenia and lower birthweight. The investigators ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_factors_of_schizophrenia

doi:10.1051/parasite/2017024. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 5479402. PMID 28617666. S2CID 13783061. Article Number 21. Muyldermans, Serge ... and taking off their loads, he mounted riders upon them accoutred as horsemen. These he commanded to advance in front of his ... Sazmand, Alireza; Joachim, Anja (2017). "Parasitic diseases of camels in Iran (1931-2017) - a literature review". Parasite. EDP ... Parasites & Vectors. BioMed Central. 12: 1-8. doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3484-x. ISSN 1756-3305. LCCN 2008243698. OCLC 212423889. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel

2000). "Role for cathepsin F in invariant chain processing and major histocompatibility complex class II peptide loading by ... "Immunodiagnosis of opisthorchiasis using parasite cathepsin F". Parasitology Research. 114 (12): 4571-4578. doi:10.1007/s00436- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathepsin_F

Browning loaded Mark of the Vampire with horror movie iconography…" Eaker, 2016: "...Mark of the Vampire is saturated with ... falls into the category of scavengers and parasites...his motives are corrupt and, in the end, he does not succeed." Brenez, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tod_Browning

The parasite worm is spread by the bites of a black fly of the Simulium type. Usually, many bites are required before infection ... This adjunct therapy has been shown to significantly lower microfilarial loads in the host, and may kill the adult worms, due ... The microfilaria migrate to the skin during the day, and the black flies only feed in the day, so the parasite is in a prime ... The microfilarial parasite that causes the disease was first identified in 1874 by an Irish naval surgeon, John O'Neill, who ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onchocerciasis

"Parasites - Ascariasis". C.D.C, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 20 October 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2021. Torok E. ... Pyrantel pamoate may induce intestinal obstruction in a heavy worm load. Albendazole is contraindicated during pregnancy and ... "Parasites - Ascariasis". CDC, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 19 July 2019. Retrieved 27 June 2021. Howes HL (June ... Appleton and Co, New York,11th edition "Clinical Aspects and Treatment of the More Common Intestinal Parasites of Man (TB-33 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascariasis

Parasite species include pinworms, Ophionyssus natricus, coccidia, and Dicrocoelidae. Some of the bacteria and parasites ... Tick load varies based on the type of environment that P. siculus inhabits. For example, females inhabiting traditionally- ... Parasites and bacteria are common among P. siculus and its various subspecies. Common bacterial species include Pantoea, ... managed olive plantations have significantly higher tick loads than those residing in intensively-managed olive plantations. P ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_wall_lizard

Like a parasite, it is utterly dependent on a host, a ghost trapped in purgatory. The leech feeds and lives by consuming the ... or load a previously saved game. The mobile phone also allows the player to illuminate dark areas using the phone's flashlight ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_Fall:_Lost_Souls

Giardina, Carolyn (February 1, 2019). "'Parasite,' 'Once Upon a Time in Hollywood' Win Art Directors Guild Awards". The ... The Umbrella Academy's exhilarating second season lightens its tonal load without losing its emotional core, giving the super ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Umbrella_Academy_(TV_series)

"Condition" can be assessed in multiple ways, including body size, parasite loads, or dominance, which has also been shown in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trivers–Willard_hypothesis

The parasite has a long history with the brown rat, and there are indications that the parasite has evolved to alter an ... and it is said to have been imported into this country in a ship-load of timber from Norway. Against this hypothesis stands the ... Trichinella pseudospiralis, a parasite previously not considered to be a potential pathogen in humans or domestic animals, has ... This species can also serve as a reservoir for Toxoplasma gondii, the parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, though the disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_rat

For each offspring, a females constructs a small underground chamber (a "brood cell"), into which she deposits several loads of ... it is assumed that there is a large dilution effect that proportionally decreases mortality rates by parasites. H. rubicundus's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halictus_rubicundus

... they finally bring their loads on horses to the mouth of the Rhône. The identity of these merchants is unknown. It has been ... and for The Mind Parasites (1967), lived in Gorran Haven, a small village on the southern Cornish coast. The writer D. M. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornwall

Associations between pharmaceutical contaminants, parasite load and health status in brown trout exposed to sewage effluent in ... Associations between pharmaceutical contaminants, parasite load and health status in brown trout exposed to sewage effluent in ... Pharmaceuticals and parasites can affect the immunity, physiology and behaviour of target organisms, both singly and through ... Aquatic pollution; Brown trout; Health indicators; Parasites; Sewage treatment plants; Pharmaceuticals Popis. Owing to their ...

https://www.muni.cz/vyzkum/publikace/1732817

Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde and Sarah C. Elsasser "Spleen mass, body condition, and parasite load in male American mink ( ... Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde, Sarah C. Elsasser "Spleen mass, body condition, and parasite load in male American mink (Neovison ... Spleen mass, body condition, and parasite load in male American mink (Neovison vison). ... Parasites also can influence spleen size. Parasites draw resources from their host, with consequences for host body condition. ...

https://complete.bioone.org/journals/journal-of-mammalogy/volume-92/issue-1/10-MAMM-A-020.1/Spleen-mass-body-condition-and-parasite-load-in-male-American/10.1644/10-MAMM-A-020.1.short

... in groups submitted to physical exercise did not appear to develop lesions and presented a significantly lower parasite load ... Infections by the parasite Leishmania major in mice (Balb/c) provide a prototype model for the polarization of CD4+ T cell ... Infections by the parasite Leishmania major in mice (Balb/c) provide a prototype model for the polarization of CD4+ T cell ... Parasite Load. We observed that the number of promastigotes grown from the parasites isolated in the infected control group (I ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00115/full

Every ecosystem has parasites, but any ecosystem in which parasites proliferated to the point of commandeering most of the ... They are parasites on us. They give us nothing useful in return, certainly not money. When you pay back some of what you owe, ... But they, the parasites, inflict their incompetence upon us, the hosts.. I have learned this through experience. I recently ... Bdelloid rotifers (is that what you were expecting?)! Fungal parasites kill them, but they simply dry up and blow away in the ...

https://honest-ab.blogspot.com/2011/01/parasite-load.html

Monitoring the health status of free-ranging tammar wallabies using hematology, serum biochemistry, and parasite loads ... and parasite loads. Journal of Wildlife Management, 77 (6). pp. 1232-1243. ... 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES , 0603 Evolutionary Biology , 060307 Host-Parasite Interactions @ 25%. SEO Codes:. 96 ENVIRONMENT , 9604 ... disease monitoring, human disturbance, macropod, Macropus eugenii, marsupial, nutritional status, parasite prevalence, Tammar ...

https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/32928/

Parasite load‡§. 3 (1-340). 5 (1-556). 1.002. 0.53. Agricultural occupation. 22 (57.9). 12 (66.7). 1.45. 0.53. ... Values are median (range). Load measured as the number of intracellular and extracellular amastigotes in 15 high-powered fields ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/9/20-3714-t2

In addition, Mansour had a high parasite load; one out of every 20 of his red blood cells was infected by malaria parasites. ... Malaria parasites in the blood of Mansour Adisa. Examined under the microscope, four red blood cells (marked "P") are infected ... and intravenous drugs to destroy the malaria parasites. ... with Plasmodium falciparum parasites, the type that can cause ...

https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/stories/malaria_traveling_family.html

Predicting Blood Parasite Load and Influence of Expression of iNOS on the Effect Size of Clinical Laboratory Parameters in ... Compared with that in wild-type animals, mice with an absence of iNOS expression demonstrated a greater parasite load, with ... Predicting Blood Parasite Load and Influence of Expression of iNOS on the Effect Size of C ... The clinical and laboratory manifestations of Chagas disease depend on the parasite-host relationship, i.e., the responsive ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-35371021

Protective immunity differs between routes of administration of attenuated malaria parasites independent of parasite liver load ... parasite load in the liver was similar to that in nonimmunized mice. Splenectomy alone did not affect inhibition of parasite ... Most of the antigen-loading processes suggested above require live parasites, and this might explain why CD8+ T-cell responses ... The anti-parasite activity of effector CS-TCR Tg CD8+ T cells was evaluated by quantifying parasite burden in the liver 40 h ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nm1628?error=cookies_not_supported&code=bb3360d4-b5ce-453b-93a8-7f586fd54889

Host starvation decreases parasite load and mean host size in experimental populations. * Pulkkinen, Katja Department of ... this change was stronger in the infected populations and went hand-in-hand with a reduction in parasite spore load (a measure ... Our results indicate that in this system food stress impairs parasite spread and that host mortality is an important factor in ... Using the microsporidian gut parasite Glugoides intestinalis, which is exclusively horizontally transmitted, we tracked changes ...

https://folia.unifr.ch/unifr/documents/299646

We will discuss best management practices for controlling parasites in our herds and flocks. Fecal Egg Count Wednesday, July 13 ... Join us for a two-part series to learn about parasite management in livestock. ... Grazing the Parasites Away: Management Tools to Lessen Pasture Parasite Loads. Stanly County Center ... Managing Internal Parasites in Sheep and Goats. Anson County Center • Internal Parasite Infestations and "Deworming". Avery ...

https://davidson.ces.ncsu.edu/2022/05/parasite-management-workshops/

Parasite load in blood. The number of sexual and asexual parasites in red blood cells (RBC) was counted by examining Giemsa- ... A new blood sample revealed that the parasite load had increased to 4680 pars/µL of blood. The increase in parasites and in ... at high parasite thresholds (, 2000 parasites/µL) but not significant at low parasite thresholds (p , 0.1), suggesting a regime ... The parasite load in blood had increased to 42,600/µL. Based on the new symptoms (fever and thrombocytopenia) and the ...

https://malariajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12936-022-04290-8

... and presence of parasites or viruses, such as Zika. For decades, wildlife researchers have poked through and analyzed […] ... Parasite load may tell another story. Hannah Frogge, also of UCSB, hopes that by identifying the parasites in the feces of a ... shell be able to determine whether the burden of parasites is affecting their survival.. "Whenever were looking at parasites ... More recently, scientists are testing whether fecal sampling can help identify parasites carrying diseases such as Zika virus ...

https://news.mongabay.com/2020/01/answers-in-excrement-fecal-analysis-yields-insight-about-wild-primates/

Dissecting HIV Virulence: Heritability of Setpoint Viral Load, CD4+ T Cell Decline and Per-Parasite Pathogenicity. F. Bertels; ... Phylogenetic estimation of the viral fitness landscape of HIV-1 set-point viral load. L. Zhao; C. Wymant; F. Blanquart; T. ... CD4 T Cells Is Significantly Restored 5 Months After Treatment Initiation Independently of Sputum Bacterial Load at the Time of ...

https://people.epfl.ch/jacques.fellay?lang=en

But about a month ago, we needed to know just how high their parasite load was. It would help us gauge the general health of ... Results came back the following week: Two does were a bit too parasite heavy. Omland and Olsen had planned to thin the herd ... When youre raising goats organically on pasture, a certain level of parasites is unavoidable. ...

https://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/getting-her-goat/Content?oid=2140733

Patients characteristically have high disseminated parasite loads. VL negatively affects responses to antiretroviral therapy ( ...

https://www.afro.who.int/pt/node/16286

Fire reduces parasite load in a Mediterranean lizard. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 288 (1954): 20211230. [doi , publisher ...

https://www.uv.es/jgpausas/

Indicated in severe cases (see criteria above), including Parasite load ,5%. *Start immediately at the time of diagnosis ... Load: 1000 mg salt (600 mg base) orally at start. *Maintenance: 500 mg salt (300 mg base) orally at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 ... Parasite Malaria. search Malaria, Plasmodium Falciparum, Plasmodium Malariae, Plasmodium Vivax, Plasmodium Ovale, Plasmodium ... Obtain blood smear Parasite stains for density every 12 hours. *May transition to a full course of oral therapy (see Coartem ...

https://fpnotebook.com/mobile/ID/Parasite/Mlr1.htm

However, the parasite-vector interaction is still underexplored. A deeper understanding of this relationship is an important ... The main vector of transmission of this parasite is triatomine bugs, which have a habit of defecating while feeding on blood ... Moreover, the effects of infection depend on the insect species, the parasite strain, and environmental conditions involved. ... and passing the parasite to their own hosts through their feces. Although it has been argued that T. cruzi is not pathogenic ...

https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/98/3/article-p653.xml

Lower parasite loads give the immune system a boost.. * Anonymous. March 15, 2022 at 1:27 am ... Youll at least die parasite-free of Covid while on ivermectin. Theres that. ...

https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2022/03/large-ivermectin-study-of-223128-brazilians-finds-protective-effect.html

Southern SARE reports on a Tennessee ranchers experiments with controlling sheep parasites by adding Bt to the feed ration. ... Through grazing management and limiting the use of de-wormers, we hope we can control parasite loads and decrease parasite ... The result: A reduction of gastrointestinal parasites of 40 percent.. "It was the first time in the study that I saw a ... The farm lost half of its Dorper lambs to gastrointestinal parasites. But it was that same year Harris learned about SARE while ...

https://kerrcenter.com/searching-for-new-strategies-to-control-gastrointestinal-parasites-in-small-ruminants/

The identification of gut probiotics is of foremost importance to explore its relationship and function with the parasite in ... We found six dominant probiotic strains and a decrease in LAB load from 1.7–2.3 × 107 CFU/mL in the uninfected ... Thus, this study suggests that the parasite inhibits probiotic colonization in the gut during its early establishment of ... Recent metagenomics studies have established a link between gut microbiota and parasite infection. ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/12/2328

... was different in ΔPRP1 parasites we probed a serial dilution series of total parasite lysate with MIC2 antibody and two loading ... Intracellular parasites grown for 18 hrs were harvested and resuspended in phenol red free ED1 medium to 107 parasites/ml. 100 ... RHΔku80 parasites expressing Myc2-PGM2 or untransfected control parasites were immunoprecipitated with α-Myc beads and western ... Figure S1. Generation and validation of ΔPRP1 parasite line. A. Schematic of the generation of PRP1 knockout parasites. Medium ...

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/157743v1.full

A monarch butterfly with deformed wings is probably infected with a parasite, but theres little you can do to help it. ... Monarch butterflies with low OE parasite loads might not show symptoms of infection. Individuals with high parasite loads may ... Scientists sample OE parasite loads by pressing clear Scotch™ tape on a butterflys abdomen to pick up the OE spores. OE spores ... Although monarchs with low parasite loads may appear healthy, be able to fly, and reproduce, they might still be affected by ...

https://www.thoughtco.com/why-monarch-butterfly-have-crumpled-wings-1968187

42], who showed that heterozygous genotype with two alleles had a lower parasite load and a higher resistance to the ... Parasite and animals. The Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi strain used in this study was collected from a naturally infested New ... In the present study, we focused on one of the most common parasites infesting rabbits, i.e. S. scabiei var. cuniculi, and ... Host resistance to parasites is an important reference indicator for selective breeding of domestic animals and it is essential ...

https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-019-3764-5

Parasite Loads When Grazing in Cover Crop Fields. Horticulture project ideas generated: ...

https://practicalfarmers.org/2016/12/2016-cooperators-meeting-recap/

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by an intracellular protozoa parasite transmitted by the bite of a female sandfly ( ... kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis has a variable histology that is determined by the degree of host immunity and the parasite load ... microscopy of the parasite in Giemsa stains or histologic section can reveal the parasite and should be attempted first. ... PCR can identify parasite DNA using sequences from the variable region of kinetoplast DNA. [23] However, a negative serologic ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/220298-117613/what-are-the-peripheral-blood-smear-findings-in-leishmaniasis

Parasite star Park So-dam has been diagnosed with thyroid cancer Park shot to fame for her performance in Parasite, which ... How Parasite director Bong Joon-ho recycles moments from movie to movie This years best picture winner, Parasite, can be ... Best-picture winner Parasite dominated the Oscars and is also a box-office hit South Koreas Parasite is the first ... The 10 best South Korean movies you can stream on Netflix and Amazon Prime after watching Parasite Before Parasite, Bong ...

https://www.insider.com/category/parasite

... and about one quarter of the worlds population is thought to carry the parasite. Principally a problem in tropical Asia and, ... Ascaris lumbricoides infection and parasite load are associated with asthma in children. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014 Jul 14. 8(7 ... Casapia M, Joseph SA, Nunez C. Parasite risk factors for stunting in grade 5 students in a community of extreme poverty in Peru ... Uga S, Nagnaen W, Chongsuvivatwong V. Contamination of soil with parasite eggs and oocysts in southern Thailand. Southeast ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/788570-workup

Overall parasite load increases authoritarianism and conservatism in populations. There are plenty of studies on diet and ... Individual parasites such as toxoplasma gondii alter the brain in ways that can be measured in personality traits and ... www.livescience.com/933-study-cat-parasite-affects-human-culture.html), and eating artificial chemicals that affect mental ...

https://neuroanthropology.net/2010/07/10/we-agree-its-weird-but-is-it-weird-enough/?replytocom=27529

In this study, we related pharmaceutical concentration, parasite infection and condition in brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) collected at localities upstream and downstream of a sewage treatment plant (STP). (muni.cz)
Predicting Blood Parasite Load and Influence of Expression of iNOS on the Effect Size of Clinical Laboratory Parameters in Acute Trypanosoma cruzi Infection With Different Inoculum Concentrations in C57BL/6 Mice. (bvsalud.org)
Compared with that in wild-type animals , mice with an absence of iNOS expression demonstrated a greater parasite load , with earlier infection and a delayed parasitemia peak. (bvsalud.org)
However, the precise site where DCs acquire and present parasite antigen following sporozoite infection through the skin has not been identified. (nature.com)
however, this change was stronger in the infected populations and went hand-in-hand with a reduction in parasite spore load (a measure of intensity of infection) and prevalence. (unifr.ch)
Recent metagenomics studies have established a link between gut microbiota and parasite infection. (mdpi.com)
Monarch butterflies with low OE parasite loads might not show symptoms of infection. (thoughtco.com)
Non-migratory monarchs in southern Florida have the highest OE parasite infection rates, with 70% of the population carrying OE. (thoughtco.com)
Acanthamoeba keratitis, a rare parasite infection, can make it feel like there is something constantly stuck in your eye. (insider.com)
Bragagnoli G, Silva MT. Ascaris lumbricoides infection and parasite load are associated with asthma in children. (medscape.com)
In order to save the remaining population from extinction, it has become increasingly important that the impact of parasite infection and infestation on the Kafue lechwe is investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we described the N. caninum presence, parasite load, local immune response, and histopathological lesions at the materno-foetal interface after infection of BALB/c mice at early and late stages of gestation. (degruyter.com)
In mice infected at early gestation, N. caninum DNA was detected in foetoplacentary units 7 days post-infection (PI) and in the placenta, but not in viable foetuses on day 14 PI, indicating that the parasite was multiplying primarily in the placental tissues without reaching the foetus. (degruyter.com)
Moreover, parasite DNA was detected in resorptions, suggesting that foetal death could be a consequence of infection. (degruyter.com)
At late gestation, transmission occurred rapidly following infection (day 3 PI), but parasite were rarely found. (degruyter.com)
necessarily indicates an active infection and While parasitology methods, which use broadly correlates with parasite load. (who.int)
If selection due to parasite load is greatest in the tropics, or varies relative to temperate areas, tropical and temperate hosts should differ with respect to measures such as host infection status, immune response, and parasite abundance. (biomedcentral.com)
Cryptosporidium infection was avail- pathogenic protozoan parasite with a fragment length polymorphism analy- able for one patient, the child infected worldwide distribution, causes diar- sis of the small subunit rRNA gene with C. felis , who had contact with rheal illness in humans and animals. (cdc.gov)
Although these changes are not explained to continuous feedings, suggesting that other situations, such as a drop in parasite load, could affect the rate of infection over time. (uchile.cl)
The past 2 years have witnessed remarkable advances in the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, as well as measurement of HIV plasma RNA (viral load) to guide the use of antiretroviral drugs. (cdc.gov)
Virus load in HIV-1 infection / Suzanne Jurriaans. (who.int)

If intestinal parasites are suspected but cant be found, I suggest consultation with a veterinary diagnostic laboratory. (catwatchnewsletter.com)
This study aimed at determining the prevalence of intestinal parasites infections and associated factors among children in a rural primary school, Northwest Ethiopia. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION: This study showed that intestinal parasites were prevalent among the school children in focus. (bvsalud.org)

Research from the University of Washington (UW) indicates the number of fish parasites fell from 1880 to 2019, a 140-year stretch when Puget Sound - their habitat and the second largest estuary in the mainland US - warmed significantly. (yahoo.com)

A 2011 study by the University of British Columbia showed that adding a teaspoon of DE per cup of food dramatically reduces fecal egg counts of several parasites, including roundworms, eimeria and cecal worms . (mom.com)

Spleen mass was related positively to both body condition and parasite richness, but spleen mass was not associated with prevalence or intensity of individual parasites. (bioone.org)
Body condition was related weakly to the intensity of parasitism by the giant kidney worm and sinus worm, but otherwise parasite prevalence, intensity, or richness were not associated with body condition. (bioone.org)
The evidence fails to demonstrate that the Roman culture of regular bathing in the public baths reduced the prevalence of these parasites. (cambridge.org)
C. parvum , 9 (41%) showed low remaining 9 patients had no HIV- have an 8% prevalence rate of cryp- oocyst loads (+), 3 (14%) showed exposure history information. (cdc.gov)
These manifestations have been associated with higher prevalence of O volvulus antibodies, higher skin snip positivity rates, higher microfilarial loads, and more onchocerciasis-associated skin itching and lesions. (medscape.com)

However, larvae develop and survive best under warm, wet conditions, so Fall weather is prime for parasite infestations. (ncsu.edu)

Though fish condition and overall parasite abundance did not differ between sites, there was a significant difference in parasite community composition. (muni.cz)
Our results indicate that in this system food stress impairs parasite spread and that host mortality is an important factor in regulating parasite abundance at the population level. (unifr.ch)
Researchers say the study is the world's largest and longest dataset of wildlife parasite abundance. (yahoo.com)
This could be due in part to year round conditions conducive to high host productivity which supports high parasite diversity and abundance [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In more than 70% of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, microscopy of the parasite in Giemsa stains or histologic section can reveal the parasite and should be attempted first. (medscape.com)
Microscopy is being used to screen for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in blood samples collected from malaria symptomatic patients. (who.int)
Conclusion: Agreement between malaria parasitaemia using microscopy and mRDT positivity increased with increase in the parasite density. (bvsalud.org)

Grazing pastures with multi-species animals, like horses, can reduce parasite loads as these animals are not impacted by the Barber's pole worm. (ncsu.edu)
7. Prevent diseases and reduce parasite loads that reduce the body's ability to absorb and retain nutrients consumed. (who.int)

This year's best picture winner, 'Parasite,' can be understood as a second, more perfect version of director Bong Joon-ho's 2013 film, 'Snowpiercer. (insider.com)
It was director Bong Joon Ho's first trip back to South Korea since he won four Oscars for his movie 'Parasite,' including the award for Best Picture. (insider.com)

However, an association between age and parasitic burden was observed as older animals above 15 years were more likely to get parasite infections than those aged between 1-5 years (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4). (biomedcentral.com)
They found that most of the flocks had parasites, including six species of chicken lice, one species of flea and three parasitic mite species. (smallfarmcanada.ca)

Uga S, Nagnaen W, Chongsuvivatwong V. Contamination of soil with parasite eggs and oocysts in southern Thailand. (medscape.com)
To conduct an FEC, fresh fecal samples are taken from each animal and viewed under a microscope to help identify and calculate how many of what parasite eggs are present in the animal's digestive tract. (ncsu.edu)
The standard fecal flotation method (accomplished by mixing some stool into a solution that makes parasite eggs rise to the surface, collecting a few drops of the liquid at the top, then looking for eggs or cysts with a microscope) is a quick, cheap and reliable way to detect roundworms, hookworms and some protozoal parasites. (catwatchnewsletter.com)
Other uses of blanching are enhancing drying rate and product quality, decreasing microbial load, removing pesticide and toxic residues, increasing extraction of bioactive compounds, surface cleaning, removing damaged seeds or foreign materials, killing parasites and their eggs, and reducing oil uptake. (bitgab.com)
If you're raising chickens for fresh, organic eggs, chemical wormers available commercially may not be the first choice for parasite control. (mom.com)
Keep grass mowed in areas the chickens frequent to allow UV rays from the sun to reach the soil and kill parasite eggs. (mom.com)

Malaria parasites in the blood of Mansour Adisa. (cdc.gov)
and intravenous drugs to destroy the malaria parasites. (cdc.gov)
one out of every 20 of his red blood cells was infected by malaria parasites. (cdc.gov)
For blood samples where malaria parasites are confirmed, the sample is collected in a dried blood spot Whatman filter paper. (who.int)

Examined under the microscope, four red blood cells (marked "P") are infected with Plasmodium falciparum parasites, the type that can cause severe, potentially fatal disease. (cdc.gov)
The study is screening for the presence of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum parasites among symptomatic malaria patients in low and high malaria transmission settings in Uganda. (who.int)
Earlier work on NMT from the sleeping sickness parasite, Trypanosoma brucei and the malarial protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum , also showed that the organisms died when the enzyme was inhibited or knocked-down. (iucr.org)

Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde and Sarah C. Elsasser "Spleen mass, body condition, and parasite load in male American mink ( Neovison vison )," Journal of Mammalogy 92(1), 221-226, (16 February 2011). (bioone.org)
Whiteman, N.K. Parker, P.G. (2004) Body condition and parasite load predict territory ownership in the Galápagos Hawk. (darwinfoundation.org)

Every ecosystem has parasites, but any ecosystem in which parasites proliferated to the point of commandeering most of the energy flow would quickly degenerate and collapse. (blogspot.com)
We can refuse to participate in the business ecosystem, burdened by its parasites, except where necessary. (blogspot.com)
And that could mean bad stuff for us - not just fewer worms, but less of the parasite-driven ecosystem services that we've come to depend on. (yahoo.com)
They do a lot of things within an ecosystem … parasites may determine the outcome of competitive interactions among hosts, they may determine predatory interactions-who eats who-and they may be very important mediators of the population cycle of the host. (phys.org)

We will discuss best management practices for controlling parasites in our herds and flocks. (ncsu.edu)
Scientists in California assessed the external parasite load of chickens in backyard flocks. (smallfarmcanada.ca)
The chickens had a much greater diversity of parasites than found in commercial flocks. (smallfarmcanada.ca)

Crushing a clove of garlic in a quart of water and serving to chickens is an old-time remedy for internal parasites. (mom.com)

The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has infected 1 in every 3 humans globally but most acute infections pass with mild or no symptoms ( Montoya & Liesenfeld, 2004 ). (biorxiv.org)
And although transmission from cats to humans has not been documented, the parasite can live in at least several species of animals, so its better to be safe than sorry: Wear gloves when changing the litter box and cleaning away feces, and make sure to wash your hands thoroughly after handling the kitty. (catwatchnewsletter.com)
In primates, a literature survey of pathogens and host ranges found evidence of the LDG for protozoan parasites but not for viruses [ 14 ], and within humans there is evidence of the LDG for several human parasites [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sixteen and C. hominis are the major causes (+) and one (25%) showed moderate patients were intravenous drug users, of cryptosporidiosis in humans, and (++) oocyst loads. (cdc.gov)
Ticks are second only to the mosquito as the most dangerous parasites to humans. (callprobest.com)

Hunting dogs and those that spend a lot of time outside can be exposed to higher parasite loads. (scoutknows.com)

What we found was that the better the quality of the habitat, the more fish were parasitised and the greater number of species of parasites you found. (phys.org)

Wildlife researchers can obtain information from fecal samples on animals' reproductive status, parentage, genetic relationships, and presence of parasites or viruses, such as Zika. (mongabay.com)
Ruffled feathers, closed eyes and a depressed appearance can be the first signal of the presence of parasites in a chicken flock. (mom.com)

Infections by the parasite Leishmania major in mice (Balb/c) provide a prototype model for the polarization of CD4+ T cell responses of both Th1 (resistance) or Th2 (susceptibility), which determines the progression of infections. (frontiersin.org)
Protozoan parasites belonging to the genera Leishmania and Trypanosoma of the Trypanosomatidae family cause a variety of life threatening and debilitating diseases including kala-azar (the visceral form of leishmaniasis), sleeping sickness (Human African Trypanosomiasis, or HAT) and Chagas disease (American Trypanosomiasis). (iucr.org)
About 1500 of the 9000 genes in Leishmania are classified as essential, suggesting that if the gene is disrupted or severely knocked down the parasite will die. (iucr.org)
Antigens del estádio tripomastigote sanguíneo de la cepa RA I de Trypanosoma cruzi y de la cepa Boitron de Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis : respuesta humoral anti-HSP70 en la enfermedad de Chagas y leishmaniasis / Patricia Levy Yeyati. (who.int)

These findings indicate that ecto- and endo-parasite infestation might not play a significant role in reducing the Kafue lechwe population on the Kafue basin. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we investigated the effect of the ecto and endo-parasites found in the Kafue basin on body condition of free ranging Kafue lechwe, as a way of examining the role of parasite infestation on reducing the Kafue lechwe population. (biomedcentral.com)
limit parasite infestation. (ncsu.edu)

A lot of wormers are designed to treat the most common parasites such as hookworms and roundworms. (scoutknows.com)
Lice are common parasites of mammals. (blogspot.com)

The winter months also provide dormancy among most of the internal and external parasites that really suffer summer kids. (arrowhillfarm.com)
Chickens taking dust baths in diatomaceous earth benefit from a reduced number of external parasites, but the substance can help internally as well. (mom.com)

We might potentially find evidence for spread of people with infections if we were to find parasites, endemic in one part of the empire, in a region where their life cycle would make an endemic focus of disease impossible. (cambridge.org)

The ultrastructural studies in parasite-vectors interactions. (ajtmh.org)

In both the localized cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms of leishmaniasis, cell-mediated immunity to the parasite is vigorous and organism density in the skin and/or mucosa is low, especially in long-standing disease (although very early in the disease large numbers of the parasites are frequently found). (medscape.com)
Approximately 20% to 50% of the global population has been exposed to Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite commonly found in raw meat and contaminated water. (insider.com)
Murdoch University Associate Professor Alan Lymbery, who presented the research at the WA Freshwater Fish Symposium, says two known introduced parasite species were found. (phys.org)
Dr Lymbery says 30-40 per cent of the parasites were only found in a single species of fish, which had serious implications for the parasite's conservation risk if the fish was endangered. (phys.org)
Parasites] are probably at more risk than the fish host species because although some of the parasites we found have a direct life cycle, which means that the fish is their only host, a large number of them also had an indirect life cycle, which means they rely on other hosts as well," he says. (phys.org)
A new study found that rat lungworm, a brain-infecting parasite, is spreading throughout the Sunshine State, according to the Huffington Post . (indianawaterfilters.org)
The parasite had already been found in southern Florida, so this new development has shown how it can and may continue to spread. (indianawaterfilters.org)
The DNA analyses showed that the seal heartworm ( Acanthocheilonema spirocauda ) was the most commonly found parasite, with it being detected in about one-third of the lice samples. (blogspot.com)
For those of you who don't know what a tape worm is: a tape worm is a parasite, and can be found in things like raw, uncooked meat and in animal feces. (bistromd.com)

Last week Square Enix announced Final Fantasy 7 Remake Intergrade , a PS5 port of last year's JRPG with improved visuals, significantly faster loading times, a Photo Mode, haptic feedback and a new episode featuring character Yuffie. (videogameschronicle.com)

Symptoms of onchocerciasis reflect the developmental stage of the parasite and the degree of immune response by the host. (medscape.com)

We have also shown that the parasite is associated with certain gut microbial communities and that it is more common in healthy individuals than in patients with IBD, IBS, etc. (blastocystis.net)

The parasite can be transmitted from The molecular analysis showed tinal pathogens were detected in the human to human through fecal-oral that 22 patients (55%) were infected feces of these patients at the time of contact (household contact and noso- with C. parvum , 11 (27.5%) were the cryptosporidiosis diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
Blood-sucking arthropods such as ticks, fleas, and lice are often responsible for transmitting a wide variety of parasites and pathogens. (blogspot.com)
Those researchers divided the lice into batches of 1-20 lice, based on the individual host that they came from (the lice from the heavily infected seal pups were divided into multiple batches of 15 lice), then grind them up, and examined the lice slurry by subjecting it to polymerase chain reactions that amplified the DNA of known seal parasites and pathogens. (blogspot.com)
Apple cider vinegar lowers the pH in a chicken's intestinal tract, making it less hospitable for parasites and pathogens. (mom.com)

Also, exposure to the parasite through the ingestion of foods or water contaminated by the feces of a definitive host must be determined. (medscape.com)

Parasites draw resources from their host, with consequences for host body condition. (bioone.org)
The clinical and laboratory manifestations of Chagas disease depend on the parasite -host relationship, i.e., the responsive capacity of the host immune system and the immunogenicity of the parasite . (bvsalud.org)
Experiments conducted on individual invertebrate hosts, however, suggest that starved hosts may be a poor resource for parasites and that heavily infected old hosts may be more susceptible to stress, causing parasite populations to decline when their host population faces food shortages. (unifr.ch)
Using the microsporidian gut parasite Glugoides intestinalis, which is exclusively horizontally transmitted, we tracked changes in parasite and host population size as well as host body length to elucidate how food shortages for the hosts influence host and parasite population dynamics. (unifr.ch)
More recently, scientists are testing whether fecal sampling can help identify parasites carrying diseases such as Zika virus or detect changes in the microbiome that could improve its contributions to host energy balances and nutrition and help them survive nutritionally stressful periods. (mongabay.com)
The identification of gut probiotics is of foremost importance to explore its relationship and function with the parasite in the host. (mdpi.com)
These single-celled organisms are obligate parasites, meaning they require a host organism in which to live and reproduce. (thoughtco.com)
Although some parasites have a single host species, many travel between host species. (yahoo.com)
Dr Wood said: "Our results show that parasites with one or two host species stayed pretty steady, but parasites with three or more hosts crashed. (yahoo.com)
Whiteman, N.K. Matson, K.D., Bollmer, J.L. & Parker, P.G. (2006) Disease ecology in the Galápagos Hawk (Buteo galapagoensis): host genetic diversity, parasite load and natural antibodies. (darwinfoundation.org)
Dr Lymbery says people think of parasites as harmful to their host but the relationship is actually more complex, both for individual fish and for the population as a whole. (phys.org)
Though [parasites] certainly may be harmful in some respects to the individual host, they also may have some protective properties, for example in stimulating immune responses and providing cross-immunity to other parasites," he says. (phys.org)
For example, host-parasite interactions may act as powerful selective agents in tropical locales where overall species diversity is high. (biomedcentral.com)
Measure of the number of the PARASITES present in a host organism. (bvsalud.org)
This observation reveals that the spleen plays a major role in malaria parasite clearance, and is associated with host defence mechanisms against malaria. (who.int)
This is the only known case of a parasite functionally replacing an organ of the host. (skullsinthestars.com)
Another desirable property for a drug target is uniqueness - particularly for infectious diseases where the host may lack a gene that is essential to the parasite. (iucr.org)
For example, parasites sometimes compete with one another to extract as many resources as possible from hosts, and in doing so kill the host more quickly - an obvious reduction in the host's fitness. (ambikamath.com)

Animals in groups submitted to physical exercise did not appear to develop lesions and presented a significantly lower parasite load independent of drug treatment. (frontiersin.org)
Our results show several hematology analytes (in particular, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), all the measured serum biochemistry analytes (urea, creatinine, triglycerides, and albumin), and total gastrointestinal parasite burden are significantly associated with body condition (body mass index), providing reliable indices of wallaby condition and habitat quality. (edu.au)

Haemonchus Contortus, or Barber's pole worm, is an internal parasite that lives in the stomach of the animal.The Barber's pole worm is a blood-sucking worm that can remove large quantities of blood, which results in anemia. (ncsu.edu)

According to a new study, more than a century of preserved fish specimens offer a rare glimpse into long-term trends in parasite populations. (yahoo.com)
The researchers used a new method for resurrecting information on parasite populations of the past. (yahoo.com)
Similarly, greater parasite load in tropical populations of the lizard Eulamprus quoyii has been reported [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Park shot to fame for her performance in 'Parasite,' which made history as the first foreign-language film to win Best Picture at the 2020 Oscars. (insider.com)

Asymptomatic microfilaremia - Patients with microfilaremia are generally asymptomatic, although those with heavy microfilarial loads may develop acute and chronic inflammatory granulomas secondary to splenic destruction. (medscape.com)

Load measured as the number of intracellular and extracellular amastigotes in 15 high-powered fields (×40) using immunohistochemical assays. (cdc.gov)
Patients characteristically have high disseminated parasite loads. (who.int)
In conclusion, the PRP1-PGM2 pair is required for a burst in microneme secretion upon high Ca 2+ fluxes, but this burst is not essential to complete the lytic cycle of the parasite. (biorxiv.org)
A white color indicates anemia from a high parasite load. (ncsu.edu)
Not to be confused with resistance, parasite resilience is a goat's capability of performance with a worm load instead of it's ability to resist gaining a high worm load . (arrowhillfarm.com)
If the load falls mainly on investors, cutting corporate taxes will mostly benefit high-income households, in which there is a greater proportion of stockholdings, through dividends and other disbursements. (mishtalk.com)

Bacteria, viruses, single- and multi-cellular parasites - and even types of fungi and algae - may be implicated, so a multitude of diagnostic tests might be necessary to find the culprit or culprits. (catwatchnewsletter.com)

The disease generally results from an oral ingestion of the parasite ova eliminated with feces of dogs leading to the emergence of hydatid cysts.Hydatidosis is a health problem that may remain asymptomatic for several years. (bvsalud.org)

Historically, the diagnosis of leishmaniasis has been confirmed by isolating, visualizing, and culturing the parasite from infected tissue. (medscape.com)
An important and still relatively untapped resource leading to the identification of specific drug targets against leishmaniasis and other trypanosomatid diseases is the available data from the sequenced parasite genomes. (iucr.org)

When administered intravenously, these drugs are useful for treatment of severe malaria because of their rapid parasite clearance, apparent absence of clinically relevant side effects, and simplicity of administration (e.g., by bolus injection). (cdc.gov)

If the partner with HIV takes HIV medicine as prescribed and gets and keeps an undetectable viral load , they will not transmit HIV through sex. (cdc.gov)
If the partner with HIV takes HIV medicine as prescribed, and gets and keeps an viral load ) is so low that a test can't detect it. (cdc.gov)
This site uses undetectable viral load to also refer to viral suppression. (cdc.gov)
Being virally suppressed means having a very low viral load (less than 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood). (cdc.gov)
The benefits of having an undetectable viral load also apply to people who stay virally suppressed. (cdc.gov)
undetectable viral load , you will not get HIV through sex with that partner. (cdc.gov)

Whenever I get the chance, I encourage veterinarians to evaluate the stool in additional ways - methods described quite adequately in veterinary textbooks and scientific publications - so that protozoal parasites (like Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Tritrichomonas foetus) and other infectious agents can be detected. (catwatchnewsletter.com)

The farm lost half of its Dorper lambs to gastrointestinal parasites. (kerrcenter.com)

Pharmaceuticals and parasites can affect the immunity, physiology and behaviour of target organisms, both singly and through interaction. (muni.cz)
Well, this elixir is loaded with garlic, an antibacterial powerhouse that is amazing for immunity and overall health. (holisticwellness.ca)

Mammals and birds are preserved with taxidermy, which retains parasites only on skin, feathers or fur. (yahoo.com)

2021. Fire reduces parasite load in a Mediterranean lizard. (uv.es)

For some parasite species that may be true, but parasites depend on hosts, and that makes them particularly vulnerable in a changing world where the fate of hosts is being reshuffled. (yahoo.com)
Parasites (and predators) are known to impose greater selective pressure on their hosts in tropical environments than in temperate environments [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

As a result, while whales have escaped the lice (and have picked up other parasites in the process), pinnipeds have kept their fur, and along with it, their lice and the worms that they carry. (blogspot.com)
The good news is the shelter is able to give them healthy food and treat them for parasites such as worms. (kellbot.com)

Parasites also can influence spleen size. (bioone.org)
The aims of the study were: to determine if there was any significant association between parasitized red blood cells (PRBC) sequestered in liver and spleen and particular pre-mortem clinical complications, and to compare the degree of parasite load between the liver and spleen within the same patients. (who.int)
The size of a palpable spleen was not correlated with parasite load in the spleen. (who.int)

She added: "Parasite ecology is really in its infancy, but what we do know is that these complex-lifecycle parasites probably play an important role in pushing energy through food webs and in supporting top apex predators. (yahoo.com)
Whiteman, N.K. Kimball, R.T. & Parker, P.G. (2007) Co-phylogeography and comparative population genetics of the threatened Galápagos hawk and three ectoparasite species: ecology shapes population histories within parasite communities. (darwinfoundation.org)

Scientists sample OE parasite loads by pressing clear Scotch ™ tape on a butterfly's abdomen to pick up the OE spores. (thoughtco.com)

Finally, necrosis in the placenta was limited to the maternal side, suggesting that the parasite is mainly multiplying in the placental tissue at this stage. (degruyter.com)

We own and operate our own farm microscope to check and measure fecal worm loads which is the only way to truly know a herd's parasite resistance. (arrowhillfarm.com)

This would suggest that the public sanitation measures were insufficient to protect the population from parasites spread by fecal contamination. (cambridge.org)

These may be manifested in genetic and phenotypic differences such as a diverse immunogenetic repertoire in species from tropical latitudes that have greater and/or different parasite burdens than more temperate species. (biomedcentral.com)
Next generation sequencing platform will be used to establish Pfkelch13 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genetic background mutations (fd, arps10, mdr2 and crt) in P. falciparum parasites. (who.int)

Frontiers | Immunomodulation From Moderate Exercise Promotes Control of Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (frontiersin.org)

CDC - Malaria - People With Malaria Speak - A Family's Ordeal with Malaria (cdc.gov)

Plasmodium pitheci malaria in Bornean orang-utans at a rehabilitation centre in West Kalimantan, Indonesia | Malaria Journal |... (malariajournal.biomedcentral.com)

Concurrent Dengue and Malaria in Cayenne Hospital, French Guiana - Volume 15, Number 4-April 2009 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)

Teen Newsletter: February 2021 - Refugee Health | David J. Sencer CDC Museum | CDC (cdc.gov)

Vaccines | Free Full-Text | Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Vaccines and Vaccine Adjuvants (mdpi.com)

Malaria Surveillance - United States, 2017 | MMWR (cdc.gov)

Leishmaniasis Workup: Approach Considerations, Routine Laboratory Studies, Biopsy and/or Aspiration (medscape.com)

Biology | Free Full-Text | The Role of Monk Parakeets as Nest-Site Facilitators in Their Native and Invaded Areas (mdpi.com)

Letters - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)

We agree it's WEIRD, but is it WEIRD enough? - Neuroanthropology (neuroanthropology.net)

Pablo Domizi, Ph.D.'s Profile | Stanford Profiles (profiles.stanford.edu)

Carter Center Press Releases, Including Carter Center News Releases Distributed to Media (cartercenter.org)

CDC - DPDx - Case #464 - March 2018 (cdc.gov)

Podcasts Volume 24 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)

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Anatomy13

Organisms46

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes14

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science1

Health Care2

Geographicals1

1NM-PP1 treatment of mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii. (1/207)

Comparative histological and immunohistochemical changes of dry type cutaneous leishmaniasis after administration of meglumine antimoniate, imiquimod or combination therapy. (2/207)

Long-term cleaner fish presence affects growth of a coral reef fish. (3/207)

In vitro and in vivo antileishmanial efficacy of a combination therapy of diminazene and artesunate against Leishmania donovani in BALB/c mice. (4/207)

In vitro and in vivo studies of the utility of dimethyl and diethyl carbaporphyrin ketals in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. (5/207)

Accelerated healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis in non-healing BALB/c mice using water soluble amphotericin B-polymethacrylic acid. (6/207)

Analysis of the expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and cytokine production during experimental Leishmania chagasi infection. (7/207)

Melarsoprol cyclodextrin inclusion complexes as promising oral candidates for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis. (8/207)

Parasite Load

Parasites

Leishmaniasis, Visceral

Host-Parasite Interactions

Leishmania infantum

Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous

Parasitic Diseases, Animal

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmania major

Parasite Egg Count

Leishmania

Leishmaniasis Vaccines

Leishmaniasis

Leishmania donovani

DNA, Protozoan

Platyhelminths

Trypanosoma cruzi

Parasitemia

Chagas Disease

Protozoan Proteins

Hawks

Ectoparasitic Infestations

Sulfadimethoxine

Toxoplasma

Plasmodium falciparum

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Antibodies, Protozoan

Leishmania braziliensis

Malaria

Leishmania mexicana

Protozoan Vaccines

Antigens, Protozoan

Parasitology

DNA, Kinetoplast

Dog Diseases

Meglumine

Malaria, Falciparum

Chagas Cardiomyopathy

Poecilia

Toxoplasmosis, Animal

Cryptosporidiosis

Psychodidae

Spleen

Lizards

Fish Diseases

Blood

Feces

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Apicomplexa

Life Cycle Stages

Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Skin

Plasmodium berghei

Antimalarials

Parasitic Diseases

Interferon-gamma

Dogs

Cytokines

Disease Models, Animal

Brazil

Trematoda

Disease Susceptibility

Erythrocytes

Genes, Protozoan

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Mesocricetus

Cestoda

Protozoan Infections

Interleukin-10

Protozoan Infections, Animal

Macrophages

Haemosporida

Genome, Protozoan

Sensitivity and Specificity

Helminths

Helminthiasis, Animal

Genetic Load

Immunoglobulin G

Parasitic Sensitivity Tests