Pancreas. Medical search

A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.

The transference of a pancreas from one human or animal to another.

The major component (about 80%) of the PANCREAS composed of acinar functional units of tubular and spherical cells. The acinar cells synthesize and secrete several digestive enzymes such as TRYPSINOGEN; LIPASE; AMYLASE; and RIBONUCLEASE. Secretion from the exocrine pancreas drains into the pancreatic ductal system and empties into the DUODENUM.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

Pathological processes of the PANCREAS.

Ducts that collect PANCREATIC JUICE from the PANCREAS and supply it to the DUODENUM.

Devices for simulating the activity of the pancreas. They can be either electromechanical, consisting of a glucose sensor, computer, and insulin pump or bioartificial, consisting of isolated islets of Langerhans in an artificial membrane.

INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.

Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN.

Surgical removal of the pancreas. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans. (Stedman, 25th ed) EC 3.2.1.-.

A mass of histologically normal tissue present in an abnormal location.

Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.

The fluid containing digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas in response to food in the duodenum.

A true cyst of the PANCREAS, distinguished from the much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by possessing a lining of mucous EPITHELIUM. Pancreatic cysts are categorized as congenital, retention, neoplastic, parasitic, enterogenous, or dermoid. Congenital cysts occur more frequently as solitary cysts but may be multiple. Retention cysts are gross enlargements of PANCREATIC DUCTS secondary to ductal obstruction. (From Bockus Gastroenterology, 4th ed, p4145)

A specific decapeptide obtained from the skin of Hila caerulea, an Australian amphibian. Caerulein is similar in action and composition to CHOLECYSTOKININ. It stimulates gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion; and certain smooth muscle. It is used in paralytic ileus and as diagnostic aid in pancreatic malfunction.

A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511)

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

A peptide hormone of about 27 amino acids from the duodenal mucosa that activates pancreatic secretion and lowers the blood sugar level. (USAN and the USP Dictionary of Drug Names, 1994, p597)

A type of pancreatic cell representing about 50-80% of the islet cells. Beta cells secrete INSULIN.

A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.

A 36-amino acid pancreatic hormone that is secreted mainly by endocrine cells found at the periphery of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS and adjacent to cells containing SOMATOSTATIN and GLUCAGON. Pancreatic polypeptide (PP), when administered peripherally, can suppress gastric secretion, gastric emptying, pancreatic enzyme secretion, and appetite. A lack of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) has been associated with OBESITY in rats and mice.

The excision of the head of the pancreas and the encircling loop of the duodenum to which it is connected.

INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS that is characterized by recurring or persistent ABDOMINAL PAIN with or without STEATORRHEA or DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the irregular destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma which may be focal, segmental, or diffuse.

A multilocular tumor with mucin secreting epithelium. They are most often found in the ovary, but are also found in the pancreas, appendix, and rarely, retroperitoneal and in the urinary bladder. They are considered to have low-grade malignant potential.

An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

A cystic tumor of the ovary, containing thin, clear, yellow serous fluid and varying amounts of solid tissue, with a malignant potential several times greater than that of mucinous cystadenoma (CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS). It can be unilocular, parvilocular, or multilocular. It is often bilateral and papillary. The cysts may vary greatly in size. (Dorland, 27th ed; from Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972)

Cells lining the saclike dilatations known as acini of various glands or the lungs.

A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.

A malignant tumor arising from secreting cells of a racemose gland, particularly the salivary glands. Racemose (Latin racemosus, full of clusters) refers, as does acinar (Latin acinus, grape), to small saclike dilatations in various glands. Acinar cell carcinomas are usually well differentiated and account for about 13% of the cancers arising in the parotid gland. Lymph node metastasis occurs in about 16% of cases. Local recurrences and distant metastases many years after treatment are common. This tumor appears in all age groups and is most common in women. (Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)

The shortest and widest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE adjacent to the PYLORUS of the STOMACH. It is named for having the length equal to about the width of 12 fingers.

A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS. Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS, as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.

A 14-amino acid peptide named for its ability to inhibit pituitary GROWTH HORMONE release, also called somatotropin release-inhibiting factor. It is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, the gut, and other organs. SRIF can also inhibit the release of THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE; PROLACTIN; INSULIN; and GLUCAGON besides acting as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. In a number of species including humans, there is an additional form of somatostatin, SRIF-28 with a 14-amino acid extension at the N-terminal.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The transference of pancreatic islets within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

The inactive proenzyme of trypsin secreted by the pancreas, activated in the duodenum via cleavage by enteropeptidase. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Peptide hormones secreted into the blood by cells in the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS of the pancreas. The alpha cells secrete glucagon; the beta cells secrete insulin; the delta cells secrete somatostatin; and the PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

Non-invasive diagnostic technique for visualizing the PANCREATIC DUCTS and BILE DUCTS without the use of injected CONTRAST MEDIA or x-ray. MRI scans provide excellent sensitivity for duct dilatation, biliary stricture, and intraductal abnormalities.

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL).

Fiberoptic endoscopy designed for duodenal observation and cannulation of VATER'S AMPULLA, in order to visualize the pancreatic and biliary duct system by retrograde injection of contrast media. Endoscopic (Vater) papillotomy (SPHINCTEROTOMY, ENDOSCOPIC) may be performed during this procedure.

A type of pancreatic cell representing about 5-20% of the islet cells. Alpha cells secrete GLUCAGON.

A severe form of acute INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS characterized by one or more areas of NECROSIS in the pancreas with varying degree of involvement of the surrounding tissues or organ systems. Massive pancreatic necrosis may lead to DIABETES MELLITUS, and malabsorption.

Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.

A malignant cystic or semisolid tumor most often occurring in the ovary. Rarely, one is solid. This tumor may develop from a mucinous cystadenoma, or it may be malignant at the onset. The cysts are lined with tall columnar epithelial cells; in others, the epithelium consists of many layers of cells that have lost normal structure entirely. In the more undifferentiated tumors, one may see sheets and nests of tumor cells that have very little resemblance to the parent structure. (Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p184)

A primary malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS. Usually it involves the non-INSULIN-producing cell types, the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and the pancreatic delta cells (SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS) in GLUCAGONOMA and SOMATOSTATINOMA, respectively.

Ultrasonography of internal organs using an ultrasound transducer sometimes mounted on a fiberoptic endoscope. In endosonography the transducer converts electronic signals into acoustic pulses or continuous waves and acts also as a receiver to detect reflected pulses from within the organ. An audiovisual-electronic interface converts the detected or processed echo signals, which pass through the electronics of the instrument, into a form that the technologist can evaluate. The procedure should not be confused with ENDOSCOPY which employs a special instrument called an endoscope. The "endo-" of endosonography refers to the examination of tissue within hollow organs, with reference to the usual ultrasonography procedure which is performed externally or transcutaneously.

A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Cyst-like space not lined by EPITHELIUM and contained within the PANCREAS. Pancreatic pseudocysts account for most of the cystic collections in the pancreas and are often associated with chronic PANCREATITIS.

Secretory cells of the ductless glands. They secrete HORMONES directly into the blood circulation (internal secretion) to be carried to the target cells. The secreted chemicals can be PEPTIDES; STEROIDS; NEUROPEPTIDES; or BIOGENIC AMINES.

A benign neoplasm of the ovary.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the reaction of triacylglycerol and water to yield diacylglycerol and a fatty acid anion. It is produced by glands on the tongue and by the pancreas and initiates the digestion of dietary fats. (From Dorland, 27th ed) EC 3.1.1.3.

The inner of the three germ layers of an embryo.

Formation of differentiated cells and complicated tissue organization to provide specialized functions.

A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Tumors or cancer of the DUODENUM.

Glucose in blood.

Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or producing mucin or serum.

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

A dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the COMMON BILE DUCT and the MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT, also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla.

A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.

Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.

Acute or chronic INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS due to excessive ALCOHOL DRINKING. Alcoholic pancreatitis usually presents as an acute episode but it is a chronic progressive disease in alcoholics.

Hindrance of the passage of luminal contents in the DUODENUM. Duodenal obstruction can be partial or complete, and caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Simple obstruction is associated with diminished or stopped flow of luminal contents. Strangulating obstruction is associated with impaired blood flow to the duodenum in addition to obstructed flow of luminal contents.

Cell surface proteins that bind cholecystokinin (CCK) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Cholecystokinin receptors are activated by GASTRIN as well as by CCK-4; CCK-8; and CCK-33. Activation of these receptors evokes secretion of AMYLASE by pancreatic acinar cells, acid and PEPSIN by stomach mucosal cells, and contraction of the PYLORUS and GALLBLADDER. The role of the widespread CCK receptors in the central nervous system is not well understood.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.

A serine proteinase inhibitor used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. The drug inhibits the hydrolytic effects of thrombin, plasmin, and kallikrein, but not of chymotrypsin and aprotinin.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The amount of a substance secreted by cells or by a specific organ or organism over a given period of time; usually applies to those substances which are formed by glandular tissues and are released by them into biological fluids, e.g., secretory rate of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex, secretory rate of gastric acid by the gastric mucosa.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A malignant neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases occur. Cystadenocarcinomas develop frequently in the ovaries, where pseudomucinous and serous types are recognized. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

A group of organs stretching from the MOUTH to the ANUS, serving to breakdown foods, assimilate nutrients, and eliminate waste. In humans, the digestive system includes the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and the accessory glands (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).

The process by which organs are kept viable outside of the organism from which they were removed (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

Star-shaped, myofibroblast-like cells located in the periacinar, perivascular, and periductal regions of the EXOCRINE PANCREAS. They play a key role in the pathobiology of FIBROSIS; PANCREATITIS; and PANCREATIC CANCER.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).

Pathological processes involving the STOMACH.

A family of DNA-binding transcription factors that contain a basic HELIX-LOOP-HELIX MOTIF.

The common precursor polypeptide of pancreatic GLUCAGON and intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Proglucagon is the 158-amino acid segment of preproglucagon without the N-terminal signal sequence. Proglucagon is expressed in the PANCREAS; INTESTINES; and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Posttranslational processing of proglucagon is tissue-specific yielding numerous bioactive peptides.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The proteinaceous component of the pancreatic stone in patients with PANCREATITIS.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

Tumors or cancer of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

An adenocarcinoma containing finger-like processes of vascular connective tissue covered by neoplastic epithelium, projecting into cysts or the cavity of glands or follicles. It occurs most frequently in the ovary and thyroid gland. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.

An almost always malignant GLUCAGON-secreting tumor derived from the PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It is characterized by a distinctive migratory ERYTHEMA; WEIGHT LOSS; STOMATITIS; GLOSSITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; hypoaminoacidemia; and normochromic normocytic ANEMIA.

Carboxypeptidases that are primarily found the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM that catalyze the release of C-terminal amino acids. Carboxypeptidases A have little or no activity for hydrolysis of C-terminal ASPARTIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; ARGININE; LYSINE; or PROLINE. This enzyme requires ZINC as a cofactor and was formerly listed as EC 3.4.2.1 and EC 3.4.12.2.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in experimental animals.

Conducting a fine needle biopsy with the aid of ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS.

An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient.

Tumors whose cells possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm, i.e., the cells of the ectoblast or epiblast that program the neuroendocrine system. Common properties across most neuroendocrine tumors include ectopic hormone production (often via APUD CELLS), the presence of tumor-associated antigens, and isozyme composition.

Vein formed by the union (at the hilus of the spleen) of several small veins from the stomach, pancreas, spleen and mesentery.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

Determination of human body burden baseline date of platinum through autopsy tissue analysis. (1/8132)

Results of analysis for platinum in 97 autopsy sets are presented. Analysis was performed by a specially developed emission spectrochemical method. Almost half of the individuals studied were found to have detectable platinum in one or more tissue samples. Platinum was found to be deposited in 13 of 21 tissue types investigated. Surprisingly high values were observed in subcutaneous fat, previously not considered to be a target site for platinum deposition. These data will serve as a human tissue platinum burden baseline in EPA's Catalyst Research Program. (+info)

Tissue-specific knockout of the insulin receptor in pancreatic beta cells creates an insulin secretory defect similar to that in type 2 diabetes. (2/8132)

Dysfunction of the pancreatic beta cell is an important defect in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, although its exact relationship to the insulin resistance is unclear. To determine whether insulin signaling has a functional role in the beta cell we have used the Cre-loxP system to specifically inactivate the insulin receptor gene in the beta cells. The resultant mice exhibit a selective loss of insulin secretion in response to glucose and a progressive impairment of glucose tolerance. These data indicate an important functional role for the insulin receptor in glucose sensing by the pancreatic beta cell and suggest that defects in insulin signaling at the level of the beta cell may contribute to the observed alterations in insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. (+info)

Freeze-fracture replication of organized tissue without cryoprotection. (3/8132)

Fresh pieces of rat liver and pancreas were rapidly frozen without prior chemical fixation or cryoprotection, and replicated folloing freeze-fracture. Replicas revealed small peripheral areas free of ice crystals or damage and, within such areas, general ultrastructural morphology was essentially similar to that seen in conventionally processed material. On fracture faces of plasma and nuclear membranes a population of less prominent particles in addition to conventional membrane-associated particles was seen, and smooth areas devoid of particles of any type were seen on some nuclear membranes. These smooth areas did not appear to be similar to smooth areas allegedly arising as artifacts of conventional processing. Tight junctions and gap junctions appeared as they do in cryoprotected specimens. The results provide a base-line for assessing the possible effects of processing steps or agents on the ultrastructure of organized tissues as revealed in freeze-fracture replicas. (+info)

Further studies on the mechanism of adrenaline-induced lipolysis in lipid micelles. (4/8132)

Lipase [EC 3.1.1.3] depleted lipid micelles, in which lipolysis was not elicited by adrenaline, were prepared from lipid micelles. When these lipase-depleted lipid micelles incubated with adipose tissue extract containing lipase activity, adrenaline-induced lipolysis was restored to almost the same level as that of native lipid micelles. Adrenaline-induced lipolysis was not restored when the lipase-depleted lipid micelles were homogenized or sonicated. Various tissue extracts from kidney, lung, liver, and pancreas, and post-heparin plasma, which contained lipase activity, restored adrenaline-induced lipolysis in lipase-depleted lipid micelles. (+info)

Efficient binding of regulated secretory protein aggregates to membrane phospholipids at acidic pH. (5/8132)

Some regulated secretory proteins are thought to be targeted to secretory granules through an acidic-dependent aggregation in the trans-Golgi network. In this report we use pancreatic zymogens, a paradigm of regulated proteins, to test this hypothesis, because they qualitatively aggregate upon acidification in vitro. Pig zymogens were found to start to aggregate significantly at pH approximately 6.0, a pH slightly lower than that at which rat zymogens aggregate, but still compatible with the pH of the cell-sorting compartments. When pig zymogen granule membranes were mixed with the zymogens in the aggregation assay, membranes that normally floated on 1 M sucrose were observed to be pelleted by the aggregating zymogens. Rat membranes were pelleted by pig zymogens and vice versa. Igs, typical constitutively secreted proteins, which needed chemical cross-linking to serve as an aggregated protein control, pelleted membranes almost independently of pH. Corresponding cross-linked zymogen-binding ability and pH dependence was unaffected by the chemical modification. Membranes treated with sodium carbonate, pH 11, or with protease K, were still pelleted by zymogens, suggesting that the aggregated zymogens bound to membrane lipids. This hypothesis was confirmed by the efficient pelleting of unilamellar vesicles composed of granule membrane lipids. Vesicles composed of single classes of phospholipids were also pelleted, but with various efficacies. We conclude that pancreatic zymogen aggregates, formed under the acidic conditions of the secretory pathway sorting compartments, have the capacity to bind firmly to membranes through their phospholipid constituents. (+info)

His ... Asp catalytic dyad of ribonuclease A: histidine pKa values in the wild-type, D121N, and D121A enzymes. (6/8132)

Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) has a conserved His ... Asp catalytic dyad in its active site. Structural analyses had indicated that Asp121 forms a hydrogen bond with His119, which serves as an acid during catalysis of RNA cleavage. The enzyme contains three other histidine residues including His12, which is also in the active site. Here, 1H-NMR spectra of wild-type RNase A and the D121N and D121A variants were analyzed thoroughly as a function of pH. The effect of replacing Asp121 on the microscopic pKa values of the histidine residues is modest: none change by more than 0.2 units. There is no evidence for the formation of a low-barrier hydrogen bond between His119 and either an aspartate or an asparagine residue at position 121. In the presence of the reaction product, uridine 3'-phosphate (3'-UMP), protonation of one active-site histidine residue favors protonation of the other. This finding is consistent with the phosphoryl group of 3'-UMP interacting more strongly with the two active-site histidine residues when both are protonated. Comparison of the titration curves of the unliganded enzyme with that obtained in the presence of different concentrations of 3'-UMP shows that a second molecule of 3'-UMP can bind to the enzyme. Together, the data indicate that the aspartate residue in the His ... Asp catalytic dyad of RNase A has a measurable but modest effect on the ionization of the adjacent histidine residue. (+info)

Characterization of functional residues in the interfacial recognition domain of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). (7/8132)

Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is an interfacial enzyme active on both high-density (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Threading alignments of LCAT with lipases suggest that residues 50-74 form an interfacial recognition site and this hypothesis was tested by site-directed mutagenesis. The (delta56-68) deletion mutant had no activity on any substrate. Substitution of W61 with F, Y, L or G suggested that an aromatic residue is required for full enzymatic activity. The activity of the W61F and W61Y mutants was retained on HDL but decreased on LDL, possibly owing to impaired accessibility to the LDL lipid substrate. The decreased activity of the single R52A and K53A mutants on HDL and LDL and the severer effect of the double mutation suggested that these conserved residues contribute to the folding of the LCAT lid. The membrane-destabilizing properties of the LCAT 56-68 helical segment were demonstrated using the corresponding synthetic peptide. An M65N-N66M substitution decreased both the fusogenic properties of the peptide and the activity of the mutant enzyme on all substrates. These results suggest that the putative interfacial recognition domain of LCAT plays an important role in regulating the interaction of the enzyme with its organized lipoprotein substrates. (+info)

Cloning and characterization of a secreted frizzled-related protein that is expressed by the retinal pigment epithelium. (8/8132)

The Wnt/frizzled cell signaling pathway has been implicated in the determination of polarity in a number of systems, including the Drosophila retina. The vertebrate retina develops from an undifferentiated neuroepithelium into an organized and laminated structure that demonstrates a high degree of polarity at both the tissue and cellular levels. In the process of searching for molecules that are preferentially expressed by the vertebrate retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), we identified secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), a member of the SFRP family that appears to act by modulating Wnt signal transduction. SFRP5 is highly expressed by RPE cells, and is also expressed in the pancreas. Within the retina, the related molecule SFRP2 is expressed specifically by cells of the inner nuclear layer. Thus, photoreceptors are likely to be bathed by two opposing gradients of SFRP molecules. Consistent with SFRP5 's postulated role in modulating Wnt signaling in the retina, it inhibits the ability of Xwnt-8 mRNA to induce axis duplication in Xenopus embryos. The human SFRP5 gene consists of three coding exons and it maps to chromosome 10q24.1; human SFRP2 maps to 4q31.3. Based on the biology and complementary expression patterns of SFRP2 and SFRP5, we suggest that they may be involved in determining the polarity of photoreceptor, and perhaps other, cells in the retina. (+info)

The pancreas is also the main source of enzymes for the digestion of fats and proteins. Some of these are released in response ... The organs known as the accessory digestive organs are the liver, gall bladder and pancreas. Other components include the mouth ... The pancreas is a major organ functioning as an accessory digestive gland in the digestive system. It is both an endocrine ... The pancreas produces and releases important digestive enzymes in the pancreatic juice that it delivers to the duodenum.[24] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestive_system

Pancreas transplantation[edit]. Main article: Pancreas transplantation. In some cases, a pancreas transplant can restore proper ... However, pancreas transplants alone may be beneficial in people with extremely labile type 1 diabetes mellitus.[64] ... As of 2016 an artificial pancreas looks promising with safety issues still being studied.[62] In 2018 they were deemed to be ... "Pancreas Transplantation: Indications and Consequences". Edrv.endojournals.org. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1

Diseases of the pancreas, gall bladder, bile duct[edit]. Primary biliary cirrhosis. CD is prevalent in primary biliary ... Antibodies to this protein correlated with levels of lymphocyte infiltration into Islet regions of the pancreas.[52] ... and is the result of autoimmune damage to the Islets of Langerhans cells in the pancreas. The level of adult onset T1D plus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluten-sensitive_enteropathy_associated_conditions

Pancreas[edit]. Ghrelin inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from beta cells in the pancreatic islets. Ghrelin does ... The ghrelin cell is also known as an A-like cell (pancreas), X-cell (for unknown function), X/A-like cell (rats), Epsilon cell ... Suckale J, Solimena M (2008). "Pancreas islets in metabolic signaling-focus on the beta-cell". Frontiers in Bioscience. 13 (13 ... It is located on the cell membrane of ghrelin cells in the stomach and pancreas.[15] The non-octanoylated form is desacyl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghrelin

Pancreas[edit]. Pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland, in that it functions to produce endocrinic hormones ... Bowen, R. [1] "Exocrine Secretion of the Pancreas" *^ Pandol SJ. The Exocrine Pancreas. San Rafael (CA): Morgan & Claypool Life ... somatostatin: This hormone is produced by duodenal mucosa and also by the delta cells of the pancreas. Its main function is to ... Pancreas's exocrine function owes part of its immaculate function to bio-feedback mechanisms controlling secretion of its juice ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestive_enzyme

Allogeneic HSCT involves two people: the (healthy) donor and the (patient) recipient. Allogeneic HSC donors must have a tissue (HLA) type that matches the recipient. Matching is performed on the basis of variability at three or more loci of the HLA gene, and a perfect match at these loci is preferred. Even if there is a good match at these critical alleles, the recipient will require immunosuppressive medications to mitigate graft-versus-host disease. Allogeneic transplant donors may be related (usually a closely HLA matched sibling), syngeneic (a monozygotic or 'identical' twin of the patient - necessarily extremely rare since few patients have an identical twin, but offering a source of perfectly HLA matched stem cells) or unrelated (donor who is not related and found to have very close degree of HLA matching). Unrelated donors may be found through a registry of bone marrow donors such as the National Marrow Donor Program. People who would like to be tested for a specific family member or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

A hand transplant was performed in Ecuador in 1964, but the patient suffered from transplant rejection after only two weeks due to the primitive nature of the immune-suppressing medications at that time. The first short-term success in human hand transplant occurred with New Zealander Clint Hallam who had lost his hand in an accident while in prison. The operation was performed on September 23, 1998 in Lyon, France by a team assembled from different countries around the world led by French Professor Jean-Michel Dubernard, including Prof Nadey Hakim, who represented the UK. A microsurgeon on the team, Earl Owen from Australia, was privy to the detailed basic research, much of it unpublished, that had been carefully gathered by the team[who?] in Louisville. After the operation, Hallam wasn't comfortable with the idea of his transplanted hand and failed to follow the prescribed post-operative drug and physiotherapy regime. His inaccurate expectations became a vivid example of the necessity of a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_transplantation

... pancreas. Research foci: drug resistance; cancer genomics; tumor microenvironment; growth control in mammalian cells; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory

Pancreas: Hypoglycemia that requires symptomatic treatment is frequently seen. On the other hand, pentamidine may cause or ... It accumulates in the kidney, liver, lungs, pancreas, spleen, and adrenal glands.[20] Additionally, pentamidine does not reach ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine

D. L. Curry (1989). "Effects of Mannose and Fructose on the Synthesis and Secretion of Insulin". Pancreas. 4 (1): 2-9. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atkins_Nutritional_Approach

... which would offer an alternative to a complete pancreas transplant or artificial pancreas.[14][15] Islet transplantation ... The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) ... Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Pancreas *^ Pour, Parviz M.; Standop, Jens; Batra, Surinder K. (January 2002). "Are islet ... There are about 3 million islets distributed in the form of density routes throughout the pancreas of a healthy adult human, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islets_of_Langerhans

Research has shown that beta cells can be differentiated from human pancreas progenitor cells.[31] These differentiated beta ... "A Single-Cell Transcriptome Atlas of the Human Pancreas". Cell Systems. 3 (4): 385-394.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cels.2016.09.002 ... Pancreas. 46 (1): 48-56. doi:10.1097/MPA.0000000000000718. ISSN 1536-4828. PMID 27984486. S2CID 3723691.. ... "Structural similarities and differences between the human and the mouse pancreas". Islets. 7 (1): e1024405. doi:10.1080/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_cell

Pancreas. 41 (4): 518-22. doi:10.1097/MPA.0b013e31823ca306. PMID 22504378.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13-oxoODE

"and Hiromitsu Nakauchi (2013). Blastocyst complementation generates exogenic pancreas in vivo in apancreatic cloned pigs" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenozoonosis

One of the first mentions of the possibility of heart transplantation was by American medical researcher Simon Flexner, who declared in a reading of his paper on "Tendencies in Pathology" in the University of Chicago in 1907 that it would be possible in the then-future for diseased human organs substitution for healthy ones by surgery - including arteries, stomach, kidneys and heart.[4] Not having a human donor heart available, James D. Hardy of the University of Mississippi Medical Center transplanted the heart of a chimpanzee into the chest of a dying Boyd Rush in the early morning of Jan. 24, 1964. Hardy used a defibrillator to shock the heart to restart beating. This heart did beat in Rush's chest for 60 to 90 minutes (sources differ), and then Rush died without regaining consciousness.[5][6][7] Although Hardy was a respected surgeon who had performed the world's first human-to-human lung transplant a year earlier,[8][9] author Donald McRae states that Hardy could feel the "icy disdain" from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_transplantation

Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation: Drugs, a brief history of immunosuppressive drugs. Accessed on 21 August 2005. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosuppressive_drug

Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) has been introduced by Melles et al. in 1998. Today there are three forms of EK. Deep Lamellar Endothelial Keratoplasty (DLEK) in which the posterior part of the recipient cornea is replaced by donor tissue. Descemet's Stripping (Automated) Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSEK/DSAEK) in which the diseased Descemet's membrane is removed and replaced by a healthy donor posterior transplant. The transplant tissue can be prepared by a surgeon's hand or ordered already prepared for surgery. Ocular Systems was the first organization to deliver prepared grafts for surgery in 2005.[20] DSEK/DSAEK uses only a small incision that is either self-sealing or may be closed with a few sutures. The small incision offers several benefits over traditional methods of corneal transplant such as Penetrating Keratoplasty. Because the procedure is less invasive, DSAEK leaves the eye much stronger and less prone to injury than full-thickness transplants. New medical devices such as the EndoSaver ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoplasty

Pancreas. *Islet cell transplantation *see also digestive system procedures. Pituitary. *Hypophysectomy. *Transsphenoidal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resection_

Pancreas. *Islet cell transplantation *see also digestive system procedures. Pituitary. *Hypophysectomy. *Transsphenoidal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_rapid_anterior_pituitary_evaluation_panel

In 2006, allegations that Falun Gong practitioners had been killed to supply China's organ transplant industry prompted an investigation by former Canadian Secretary of State David Kilgour and human rights lawyer David Matas. In July 2006, the Kilgour-Matas report[6] questioned "the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005" and thereby inferred that "the government of China and its agencies in numerous parts of the country, in particular hospitals but also detention centres and 'people's courts', since 1999 have put to death a large but unknown number of Falun Gong prisoners of conscience".[6] The authors of the Kilgour-Matas report reached their conclusion via circumstantial evidence and inference from this evidence.[6][52][53][54] It included observations of the extremely short wait times for organs in China compared with other countries, indicating that organs were being procured on demand; the rise in the number of annual organ transplants in China corresponded with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_harvesting_in_China

In the classical sense, acute graft-versus-host-disease is characterized by selective damage to the liver, skin (rash), mucosa, and the gastrointestinal tract. Newer research indicates that other graft-versus-host-disease target organs include the immune system (the hematopoietic system, e.g., the bone marrow and the thymus) itself, and the lungs in the form of immune-mediated pneumonitis[1]. Biomarkers can be used to identify specific causes of GvHD, such as elafin in the skin.[2] Chronic graft-versus-host-disease also attacks the above organs, but over its long-term course can also cause damage to the connective tissue and exocrine glands[3] . Acute GvHD of the GI tract can result in severe intestinal inflammation, sloughing of the mucosal membrane, severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting[4]. This is typically diagnosed via intestinal biopsy. Liver GvHD is measured by the bilirubin level in acute patients[5]. Skin GvHD results in a diffuse red maculopapular rash[6], sometimes in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graft-versus-host_disease

Surgery of the Pancreas (1st ed.). Philadelphia: WB Saunders. pp. 230-232. ISBN 0-7216-2082-5 Dugernier T, Laterre PF, Reynaert ... Fistulectomy is done in which the involved part of the pancreas is also removed. Smith EB (1953). "Hemorrhagic ascites and ... A pancreatic fistula is an abnormal communication between the pancreas and other organs due to leakage of pancreatic secretions ... An external pancreatic fistula is an abnormal communication between the pancreas (actually pancreatic duct) and the exterior of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_fistula

Grafting refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue from one site to another on the body, or from another creature, without bringing its own blood supply with it. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after it is placed. A similar technique where tissue is transferred with the blood supply intact is called a flap. In some instances a graft can be an artificially manufactured device. Examples of this are a tube to carry blood flow across a defect or from an artery to a vein for use in hemodialysis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_graft

Neurogenin 3 (NGN3) is expressed by 2-10% of acinar and duct cells in the histologically normal adult human pancreas. NGN3+ ... Neurogenin-3 is expressed in endocrine progenitor cells and is required for endocrine cell development in the pancreas and ... "Beta cells can be generated from endogenous progenitors in injured adult mouse pancreas". Cell. 132 (2): 197-207. doi:10.1016/j ... "neurogenin3 is required for the development of the four endocrine cell lineages of the pancreas". Proceedings of the National ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEUROG3

The lung allocation score (LAS) is a numerical value used by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) to assign relative priority for distributing donated lungs for transplantation within the United States. The lung allocation score takes into account various measures of a patient's health in order to direct donated organs towards the patients who would best benefit from a lung transplant. The LAS system replaces the older method within the United States of allocating donated lungs strictly on a first-come, first-served basis, according to blood type compatibility and distance from the donor hospital. The older method is still used for patients under the age of 12. The LAS system is still being evaluated and revised.[1] The reason for this continuing analysis is the need to balance on one hand the desire to help those patients in direct need, versus the statistical likelihood of the patient to survive the procedure, as well as the post-operative risks of infection and transplant rejection.[2] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_allocation_score

In the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, trends in xenotransplantation included the work of Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard.[10][11] In 1889, Brown-Séquard injected himself under the skin with extracts from ground-up dog and guinea pig testicles. These experiments failed to produce the desired results of increased hormonal effects to retard aging. Voronoff's experiments launched from this starting point. He believed glandular transplants would produce more sustained effects than mere injections. Voronoff's early experiments in this field included transplanting thyroid glands from chimpanzees to humans with thyroid deficiencies. He moved on to transplanting the testicles of executed criminals into millionaires, but, when demand outstripped supply, he turned to using monkey testicle tissue instead.[12] In 1917, Voronoff began being funded by Evelyn Bostwick, a wealthy American socialite and the daughter of Jabez Bostwick.[13] The money allowed him to begin transplantation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serge_Voronoff

Pancreas: 16. Accessory pancreatic duct, 17. Pancreatic duct.. 18. Small intestine: 19. Duodenum, 20. Jejunum. 21-22. Right and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatobiliary_system

Pancreas transplantation. *Islet cell transplantation. *Bone marrow transplants. *Bone allograft. *Ligament or tendon allograft ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allografts

Insulin is released into the blood by beta cells (β-cells), found in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, in response to ... Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the ... A pancreas transplant is occasionally considered for people with type 1 diabetes who have severe complications of their disease ... "Pancreas Transplantation". American Diabetes Association. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic

... 膵 pancreas; 腎 kidney; 胆 gall bladder; 肛 anus; 膣 vagina; 肢 limb; 腕 arm; 肩 shoulder; 脇 armpit; 肘 elbow; 手 hand; 拳 fist; 指 finger ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_kanji_by_concept

... An Interview with Christian Hobbis. Tell me a little bit about yourself? I am a 30 year old former ... How did you find out about the possibility of having a pancreas transplant, and how long did it take to find a donor? The way I ... Is the option of pancreas transplant available to all ages? Once again I want to state that this is a major surgey and It comes ... I can say that now since my recent pancreas alone transplant on 8/8/00. I had diabetes for 15 years and had been having ...

http://www.angelfire.com/id/emilyspage/transplant.html

... Radiographic views of the abdomen revealed 2 gas bubbles in the upper abdomen with an absence of bowel gas ... Annular pancreas, as first described by Tiedemann in 1818, is a rare congenital abnormality that accounts for 1% of all ... Annular pancreas is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction, and patients with this condition usually present in the first ... Both of the 2 main theories as to how annular pancreas develops involve the left and right ventral buds that normally form the ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/556156

A pancreas transplant is surgery to place a healthy pancreas from a donor into a person with a diseased pancreas. Learn more. ... A pancreas transplant is surgery to place a healthy pancreas from a donor into a person with a diseased pancreas. It is mostly ... Kidney-Pancreas Transplant (National Kidney Foundation) * Pancreas transplant - slideshow (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in ... Getting a New Pancreas: Facts about Pancreas Transplants (American Society of Transplantation) - PDF ...

https://medlineplus.gov/pancreastransplantation.html

Uc, Aliye; Perito, Emily R.; Pohl, John F.; Shah, Uzma; Abu-El-Haija, Maisam; Barth, Bradley; Bellin, Melena D.; Ellery, Kate M.; Fishman, Douglas S.; Gariepy, Cheryl E.; Giefer, Matthew J.; Gonska, Tanja; Heyman, Melvin B.; Himes, Ryan W.; Husain, Sohail Z.; Maqbool, Asim; Mascarenhas, Maria R.; McFerron, Brian A.; Morinville, Veronique D.; Lin, Tom K.; Liu, Quin Y.; Nathan, Jaimie D.; Rhee, Sue J.; Ooi, Chee Y.; Sellers, Zachary M.; Schwarzenberg, Sarah Jane; Serrano, Jose; Troendle, David M.; Werlin, Steven L.; Wilschanski, Michael; Zheng, Yuhua; Yuan, Ying; Lowe, Mark E.; on behalf of the Consortium for the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, and Pancreatic Cancer (CPDPC) Less ...

https://journals.lww.com/pancreasjournal/pages/default.aspx

In humans the pancreas weighs approximately 80 grams (about 3 ounces) and is shaped like a pear. It is located in ... Pancreas, compound gland that discharges digestive enzymes into the gut and secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon, vital ... human digestive system: Pancreas. The pancreas is a long, narrow gland that is situated transversely across the upper abdomen, ... human digestive system: Pancreas. The pancreas is a long, narrow gland that is situated transversely across the upper abdomen, ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/pancreas

Disorders with the pancreas include pancreatitis, diabetes, and even pancreatic cancer. This article looks at how the pancreas ... The pancreas is a gland organ located in the abdomen. It plays a crucial role in digestion by producing enzymes that help to ... Pancreatic juices will accumulate in the pancreas, causing damage to the pancreas. The pancreas may start to digest itself. ... Problems with the pancreas can affect the whole body.. If the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes, for example, ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/10011.php?iacp

In humans, the pancreas is a yellowish organ about 7 in. (17.8 cm) long and 1.5 in. (3.8 cm) wide. It lies beneath the stomach ... pancreas păn´krēəs [key], glandular organ that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones. In humans, the pancreas is a yellowish ... Scattered among the enzyme-producing cells of the pancreas are small groups of endocrine cells, called the islets of Langerhans ... and patients with a family history of the disease sometimes have the pancreas removed if precancerous cysts are present in the ...

https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/medicine/body/anatomy-physio/pancreas

Treatments and Tools for pancreas. Find pancreas information, treatments for pancreas and pancreas symptoms. ... pancreas - MedHelps pancreas Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, ... Posts on pancreas. Does Marijuana oil/edibles any affect on pancreas - Undiagnosed Symptoms Community ...

https://medhelp.org/tags/show/5360/pancreas?section=subjects

PART-OF-PANCREAS ANCESTORS. ALL ANIMAL-PART ANIMATE ANIMATE-PART BODY-PART INTERNAL-ANIMAL-PART OBJECT ORGAN-OF-DIGESTIVE- ... endocrine pancreas. term type: main entry term. part of speech: noun. number: singular. reliability code: 10. definition: inner ... ENDOCRINE-PANCREAS. origination date: 18/09/2000. originator: Carlos. subject field: medicine: body-part. check date: 25/08/ ... part of the pancreas, which secretes insuline and glucagon, hormones that contribute to the processing of starches in the body ...

http://www.ugr.es/~oncoterm/csdata/ENDOCRINE-PANCREAS.html

24 (HealthDay News) -- An international team of researchers has finally managed to locate stem cells in the pancreas -- in mice ... "If this kind of cell and their progenitors with a capacity to divide exist in the pancreas of man, and if we can identify the ... "This is the first conclusive evidence that there are stem cells in the pancreas, but any potential benefit is a very long way ... In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas has lost all or virtually all of its ability to produce insulin. In type 2 diabetes, the loss ...

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/24/AR2008012401435.html

The pancreas is located behind the liver and is where the hormone insulin is produced. Insulin is used by the body to store and ... The pancreas is located behind the liver and is where the hormone insulin is produced. Insulin is used by the body to store and ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/17194.htm

The pancreas is a long, flat gland in your belly. ... Pancreas. Say: pan-kree-us. The pancreas is a long, flat gland ... Insulin and glucagon, which help control the level of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood, are also made in the pancreas. ...

https://www.kidshealth.org/Nemours/en/kids/word-pancreas.html?WT.ac=p-ra

The pancreas is a long, flat gland that lies in the abdomen behind the stomach. ... Pancreas. The pancreas is a long, flat gland that lies in the abdomen behind the stomach. It produces enzymes that are released ...

https://kidshealth.org/Nemours/en/teens/pancreas.html

The outcomes of vascularized pancreas transplantation have steadily improved secondary to improvements in surgical techniques, ... However, pancreas allograft rejection remains a major clinical challenge and is the primary cause of death-censored pancreas ... Acute pancreas allograft rejection is associated with increased risk of graft failure in pancreas transplantation. Am J ... See Benefits and complications associated with kidney-pancreas transplantation in diabetes mellitus and Pancreas and islet ...

https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pancreas-allograft-rejection

First Artificial Pancreas System Wins FDA Approval. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves the first hybrid closed-loop ... JDRF Launches Artificial Pancreas Consortium. In 2008, JDRF formed a consortium of experts from different fields to get ... Artificial pancreas (AP) systems will automate blood-sugar management, dramatically reducing T1D-related risks and improving ... Artificial Pancreas. The burden is eased all day, and you sleep safely through the night ...

https://www.jdrf.org/research/artificial-pancreas/

MassGeneral Hospital for Children has been designated as a National Pancreas Foundation Center for the treatment and care of ... Pediatric Pancreas Center. MassGeneral Hospital for Children has been designated as a National Pancreas Foundation Center for ... Working closely with the Adult Pancreas and Biliary Program and the Pancreas/Islet Transplant Program, our center deals with ... Pediatric Pancreas Center Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care. 55 Fruit Street, Suite 6B Boston, MA 2114 ...

https://www.massgeneral.org/children/pancreas/

In the beginning it moves up and forward and then to the left to join the body of the pancreas. Its a bit flat on top. The ... The neck of the pancreas supports the pylorus of the stomach. It starts from the top right part of the front of the head of the ... pancreas. The neck is around 2.5 cm in length. ...

https://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/endocrine/neck-pancreas

... neck of the pancreas separately from the supply to the body and tail of the pancreas. ... The body and tail of the pancreas are predominantly served by the celiac trunk (via the splenic a.). These branches include:. * ... The duodenum and head & neck of the pancreas are served:. *Superiorly, by branches of the celiac trunk:*Gastroduodenal a. (& ... The blood supply to the pancreas and duodenum is sourced from both the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric a. When ...

https://sites.google.com/a/umich.edu/bluelink/curricula/first-year-medical-curriculum/sequence-5-gastrointestinal/duodenum-pancreas-and-abdominal-aorta/lo2-pancreas

Photo credit: Wikipedia) Let me be straight: I am not against the development of an artificial pancreas (AP) and I do believe ... Let me be straight: I am not against the development of an artificial pancreas (AP) and I do believe some good will come from ... JDRF partnered with FDA over the past four years to proactively address these issues and the FDA named the Artificial Pancreas ... Pancreas. 1. pancreatic head. 4. pancreatic body. 11. pancreatic tail. (Photo credit: Wikipedia) ...

https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2013/02/25/stretching-the-truth-about-an-artificial-pancreas/?utm_campaign=20130228&utm_medium=email&utm_source=alertsnewcomment

Focus on pancreas cancer.. Jaffee EM1, Hruban RH, Canto M, Kern SE. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12150822?dopt=Abstract

Building a Substitute Pancreas for Diabetics. A startup hopes implanted insulin-producing cells will free diabetics from ... An Artificial Pancreas. A device that reads glucose levels and delivers insulin may be close at hand. ...

https://www.technologyreview.com/g/pancreas/

What is pancreas divisum? Learn more here and find some of the best treatment options, in addition to management tips and diet ... Pancreas divisum happens in the womb when two parts of an embryos pancreas, the ventral and dorsal ducts, do not fuse together ... Pancreas: Functions and possible problems. The pancreas is a complicated and often misunderstood organ, with many important ... How is pancreas divisum diagnosed?. Pancreas divisum is usually diagnosed using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ( ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320515.php?sr

Picture of Pancreas. Front View of the Pancreas The pancreas is about 6 inches long and sits across the back of the abdomen, ... home/digestion center/ digestion a-z list/ image collection a-z list/ pancreas picture 2 article ... The head of the pancreas is on the right side of the abdomen and is connected to the duodenum (the first section of the small ... The narrow end of the pancreas, called the tail, extends to the left side of the body. ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/pancreas_picture_2/picture.htm

Early pancreas allograft thrombosis.. Ramessur Chandran S1, Kanellis J, Polkinghorne KR, Saunder AC, Mulley WR. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23495654?dopt=Abstract

The pancreas makes digestive enzymes and fluids, which are released in the duodenum to help break down proteins, carbohydrates ... This is the endocrine part of the pancreas. Most cancers of the pancreas start in the digestive enzyme (exocrine) part. Only ... This is called the exocrine part of the pancreas. The pancreas also makes insulin and glucagon, the hormones that control sugar ... The pancreas is made up of glandular tissue and a system of ducts. The main duct is the pancreatic duct which runs the length ...

https://www.bcm.edu/healthcare/specialties/oncology/cancer-types/gastrointestinal-cancers/pancreatic-cancer/pancreas-and-its-function

Kircher, Charles H. & Nielsen, Svend W. (‎1976)‎. Tumours of the pancreas*. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 53 (‎2-3 ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/260952

Cells need to find ways of surviving when times are hard. One way of dealing with nutrient scarcity is to digest intracellular constituents, providing a source of amino acids that can be used to synthesize proteins that are essential for survival (1). This process of autophagy (2), however, poses a problem for the bodys specialized fuel-sensing cells. β cells within the pancreatic islet respond to blood glucose concentration-when it rises after a meal, these cells release insulin; otherwise, under basal conditions (between meals), the cells are in a "starvation"-like state (3). So how do they maintain a normal turnover of intracellular components during this metabolic deprivation? Why dont they eat themselves as other cells would? At the very least, autophagy under basal conditions could compromise the ability to respond optimally to fluctuations in blood glucose, posing a health risk. On page 878 of this issue, Goginashvili et al. (4) show how β cells avoid inappropriate autophagy, and ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6224/826

The pancreas; 1 edition; First published in 2008; Subjects: Diseases, Pancreatic Diseases, Physiopathology, Therapy, ... The pancreas an integrated textbook of basic science, medicine, and surgery 2nd ed. Hans G. Beger ... [et al.]. Published 2008 ... Are you sure you want to remove The pancreas from your list? ... The pancreas ,url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL21422901M/ ...

https://openlibrary.org/works/OL16981813W/The_pancreas

Find out how a pancreas transplant can treat diabetes and sometimes cancer as well as what to expect before and after the ... Pancreas transplant. Pancreas transplant. In a pancreas transplant, the donor pancreas with a small segment of donors small ... A pancreas transplant is a surgical procedure to place a healthy pancreas from a deceased donor into a person whose pancreas no ... Pancreas and kidney transplants. Pancreas and kidney transplants. A donor pancreas and kidney are placed in your lower abdomen ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pancreas-transplant/about/pac-20384783

... artificial pancreas that monitors blood sugar and delivers both insulin and regulatory hormone called glucagon helped patients ... The finding is the latest in what has become a race to develop a fully functioning artificial pancreas that can give patients ... Adding small doses of glucagon, a hormone released by the pancreas to raise blood sugar levels, helped overcome this, according ... "This is the first artificial pancreas device that has used both insulin and glucagon," said Dr. Steven Russell of Massachusetts ...

https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63D47V20100414

It starts from the top right part of the front of the head of the pancreas. (innerbody.com)
The gastroduodenal a. branches from the common hepatic a. and descends toward the head of the pancreas posterior to the retroperitoneal portion of the superior (1st) part of the duodenum. (google.com)
The head of the pancreas is on the right side of the abdomen and is connected to the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine) through a small tube called the pancreatic duct. (medicinenet.com)
The head of the pancreas sits within the curvature of the duodenum, and wraps around the superior mesenteric artery and vein. (wikipedia.org)
The gastroduodenal artery and the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries travel in front of the gland and begin where the neck meets the head of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
The pancreas receives its blood supply from a few different sources: the head of the pancreas (the portion which is within the duodenum's concavity) is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery and the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, both of which are located in the groove between the duodenum and the pancreas. (innerbody.com)
The neck of the pancreas separates the head of the pancreas, located in the curvature of the duodenum, from the body. (wikipedia.org)
The superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries run along the back and front surfaces of the head of the pancreas adjacent to the duodenum. (wikipedia.org)
These supply the head of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)

I can say that now since my recent pancreas alone transplant on 8/8/00. (angelfire.com)
How did you find out about the possibility of having a pancreas transplant, and how long did it take to find a donor? (angelfire.com)
The way I found out about the possibility of having a pancreas alone transplant, it a wied story and I will try to keep it simple. (angelfire.com)
Is the option of pancreas transplant available to all ages? (angelfire.com)
Would you recommend having a pancreas transplant? (angelfire.com)
A pancreas transplant is surgery to place a healthy pancreas from a donor into a person with a diseased pancreas. (medlineplus.gov)
Progress in the field has mainly been based on large single center studies and the cumulative analyses of registry data from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and the International Pancreas Transplant Registry. (bmj.com)
How patients were involved in the creation of this article: Three pancreas transplant recipients were interviewed during the development and writing of this article. (bmj.com)
At present, approximately three-quarters of pancreas transplants in the United States are performed as simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplants, with the remainder performed as either sequential pancreas after kidney transplant (PAK, 16 percent) or pancreas transplants alone (PTA, 9 percent) [ 1 ]. (uptodate.com)
Working closely with the Adult Pancreas and Biliary Program and the Pancreas/Islet Transplant Program , our center deals with the diagnosis, medical management and surgical management of pancreatic disease. (massgeneral.org)
Massachusetts General Hospital is a leader in pancreas and islet cell transplant, a pioneering, minimally invasive technique that replaces the insulin producing cells of the pancreas with less surgical risk and a shorter recovery time than a whole-organ transplant. (massgeneral.org)
A pancreas transplant is a surgical procedure to place a healthy pancreas from a deceased donor into a person whose pancreas no longer functions properly. (mayoclinic.org)
A pancreas transplant offers a potential cure for this condition. (mayoclinic.org)
But it is typically reserved for those with serious diabetes complications, because the side effects of a pancreas transplant are significant. (mayoclinic.org)
A pancreas transplant is often done in conjunction with a kidney transplant in people whose kidneys have been damaged by diabetes. (mayoclinic.org)
A pancreas transplant can restore normal insulin production and improve blood sugar control in people with diabetes, but it's not a standard treatment. (mayoclinic.org)
The side effects of the anti-rejection medications required after a pancreas transplant can often be serious. (mayoclinic.org)
A pancreas transplant usually isn't a treatment option for people with type 2 diabetes, because type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or unable to use it properly rather than due to a problem with insulin production in the pancreas. (mayoclinic.org)
But for some people with type 2 diabetes who have both low insulin resistance and low insulin production, pancreas transplant is an emerging treatment option. (mayoclinic.org)
People with diabetes and early or no kidney disease may be candidates for a pancreas transplant alone (solitary pancreas transplant). (mayoclinic.org)
A pancreas transplant surgery involves only a pancreas transplant without other surgeries. (mayoclinic.org)
Combined kidney-pancreas transplant. (mayoclinic.org)
More than two-thirds of pancreas transplants are done simultaneously with a kidney transplant. (mayoclinic.org)
For those facing a long wait for both a donor kidney and pancreas to become available, a kidney transplant may be recommended first if a living- or deceased-donor kidney becomes available. (mayoclinic.org)
After you recover from kidney transplant surgery, you'll receive the pancreas transplant once a donor pancreas becomes available. (mayoclinic.org)
Although the hospitalization is relatively short following pancreas and pancreas-kidney transplantation, our physicians and staff will continue to monitor our recent transplant recipients very closely in the clinic during recovery. (memorialhermann.org)
The nephrologist or endocrinologist will address problems with hypertension , diabetes, and worsening pancreas-kidney function if the transplant is failing. (memorialhermann.org)
Long-term results of pancreas transplantation in patients older than 50 years," Transplant International , vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 136-142, 2010. (hindawi.com)
Should dx be complication of pancreas transplant 996.86 or complication due to vascular device, implant, graft 996.74 or vascular complication of mesentery artery 997.71? (aapc.com)
Another treatment to restore insulin production is a pancreas transplant. (ucsfhealth.org)
A kidney transplant without a pancreas transplant means you must take antirejection medication for the kidney and continue to take insulin. (ucsfhealth.org)
A pancreas transplant may follow the kidney transplant six months to a year later if a pancreas becomes available. (ucsfhealth.org)

Following mobilization of the duodenum, an annular pancreas, with complete duodenal obstruction, was found. (medscape.com)
2. Diagram the vascular supply to the duodenum and pancreas, and describe the collateral blood flow between the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries. (google.com)
The blood supply to the pancreas and duodenum is sourced from both the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric a. (google.com)
When considering the regions served, it may be easier to consider the blood supply of the duodenum and head & neck of the pancreas separately from the supply to the body and tail of the pancreas. (google.com)
The donor pancreas with a small segment of donor duodenum is connected to either a loop of your small bowel or your bladder. (mayoclinic.org)
The pancreas lies inferior to the stomach, in a bend of the duodenum. (berkeley.edu)
The pancreas is located below and behind the stomach, in the curve of the duodenum, which is a part of the small intestine. (healthline.com)
The human pancreas can be divided into five regions: (1) the head, which touches the duodenum, (2) the body, which lies at the level of second lumbar vertebrae of the spine, (3) the tail, which extends towards the spleen , (4) the uncinate process, and (5) the pancreatic notch, which is formed at the bend of the head and body. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The pancreatic duct or duct of Wirsung runs the length of the pancreas and empties into the duodenum at the ampulla of Vater. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The pancreas stretches from the inner curvature of the duodenum , where the head surrounds two blood vessels , the superior mesenteric artery , and vein . (wikipedia.org)
Below the body of the pancreas sits some of the small intestine , specifically the last part of the duodenum and the jejunum to which it connects, as well as the suspensory ligament of the duodenum which falls between these two. (wikipedia.org)
Lehman GA, Kopecky KK, Rogge JD (1987) Partial pancreatic agenesis combined with pancreas divisum and duodenum reflexum. (springer.com)
As stated by WebMD, the pancreas, located behind the stomach and next to the duodenum, is responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fat through the release of powerful digestive enzymes, as well as for the proper metabolism and use of blood sugars through the release of insulin and glucagon. (reference.com)
A section of the donor small intestine, called the duodenum, is removed along with the donor pancreas. (emoryhealthcare.org)

pancreas Human pancreas, with cross section showing duct emptying into small intestine. (britannica.com)
Enzymes, or digestive juices, are secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
At this point, the partially digested food passes from the stomach into the small intestine, and it mixes with the secretions from the pancreas. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The donor pancreas is connected to a segment of your small intestine. (mayoclinic.org)
The pancreas secretes fluids that help break down food in the small intestine, along with bile and other fluids that aid the metabolism of fats and proteins. (healthline.com)
The pancreas is a pinkish white glandular organ found in vertebrates near the stomach and small intestine. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The pancreas' exocrine function involves the secretion of bicarbonate and digestive enzymes into the small intestine. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
This section of donor intestine is sewn onto your small intestine so that the digestive enzymes secreted from the pancreas will empty into your intestine. (emoryhealthcare.org)
The pancreas is a glandular organ that secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine by way of the pancreatic duct. (microscopyu.com)

Pancreatitis is inflammation or swelling of your pancreas. (familydoctor.org)
Evaluating chronic pancreatitis and other masses or cysts of the pancreas. (medicinenet.com)
The Ertan Digestive Disease Center and Texas Liver Center integrate surgical expertise into the management of chronic liver disease, chronic pancreatitis, portal hypertension and benign and malignant tumors of the liver, pancreas and biliary tree. (memorialhermann.org)
Chronic pancreatitis can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption. (dailystrength.org)
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas caused by leakage of active digestive enzymes into the pancreatic tissue. (vetinfo.com)
It is critical to monitor insulin needs very closely if an attempt is made to correct high blood sugar using insulin in a dog with acute pancreatitis, in order to avoid the risk of shock due to an over dosage of insulin when the islet cell function returns and the pancreas begins to make insulin normally. (vetinfo.com)
Pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus are the most common pancreas problems in canines and it is a dangerous condition if left untreated. (vetinfo.com)
If the pancreas is inflamed, the dog has pancreatitis . (vetinfo.com)
Bretagne JF, Darnault P, Raoul JL, Gandon Y, Gosselin M, Cousin P et al (1987) Calcifying pancreatitis of a congenital short pancreas: a case report with successful endoscopic papillotomy. (springer.com)
As WebMD explains, inflammation and malfunction of the pancreas is known as pancreatitis. (reference.com)
Generally, it has been accepted that a relative obstruction to pancreatic exocrine secretory flow through the minor duct and minor papilla can result in pancreatitis in a small number of patients with pancreas divisum (with stenotic minor papilla). (medscape.com)
Pancreatitis or inflammation of the pancreas may show up as acute pancreatitis or chronic pain. (medindia.net)
Long-term inflammation of the pancreas, known medically as chronic pancreatitis, occurs in 15 to 20 out of every 100,000 people in the United States. (foxnews.com)
Cote's study, funded by the National Institutes of Health , the National Pancreas Foundation, and several private donors, included 539 people with chronic pancreatitis. (foxnews.com)
His study found that about one third of patients with alcohol-caused pancreatitis did not meet the criteria for drinking heavily enough to cause damage to the pancreas. (foxnews.com)
Inflammation of the pancreas is known as pancreatitis, with common causes including chronic alcohol use and gallstones. (wikipedia.org)

In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas has lost all or virtually all of its ability to produce insulin. (washingtonpost.com)
If your pancreas doesn't make enough insulin, blood sugar levels can rise to unhealthy levels, resulting in type 1 diabetes. (mayoclinic.org)
Most pancreas transplants are done to treat type 1 diabetes. (mayoclinic.org)
The finding is the latest in what has become a race to develop a fully functioning artificial pancreas that can give patients with type 1 diabetes an automated way to control their blood sugar. (reuters.com)
Hope of end to daily insulin injections for children with type 1 diabetes after the creation of an artificial' pancreas, a study conducted by Cambridge University has found. (telegraph.co.uk)
Karen Addington, Chief Executive of Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation said: "This study is proof of principle that type 1 diabetes in children can be safely managed overnight with an artificial pancreas system. (telegraph.co.uk)
We need to redouble our efforts to move the artificial pancreas from a concept in the clinic to a reality in the home of children and adults with type 1 diabetes. (telegraph.co.uk)
This is an important step forward in managing overnight blood glucose levels as well as in the eventual development of a full 'artificial pancreas' which could vastly improve the quality of life for people with type 1 diabetes and reduce the risk of the associated complications. (telegraph.co.uk)
This artificial pancreas could one day greatly improve the current methods of self treatment for Type 1 diabetes," Kovatchev says. (dailystrength.org)
Type 1 diabetes is at best a huge nuisance and at worst a constant threat of death for up to 3 million Americans whose pancreases don't produce insulin. (theweek.com)
Type 1 diabetes occurs when beta islet cells in the pancreas die off. (newscientist.com)
Damiano, who works at the University of Boston, says a bionic pancreas his team has developed with colleagues at the Massachusetts General Hospital offers hope of a normal life to people with type 1 diabetes. (newscientist.com)
Rebooting" ordinary pancreas cells so they produce insulin could potentially help people with type 1 diabetes manage their blood sugar levels without the need for daily injections. (newscientist.com)
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas doesn't produce any insulin, which moves glucose from the bloodstream to the body's cells to be used for energy. (newscientist.com)
In type 1 diabetes , the beta cells of the pancreas no longer make insulin because the body's immune system has attacked them. (fpnotebook.com)
The artificial pancreas -- an automated insulin pump and continuous glucose monitor -- is still fairly new and more commonly used in people with type 1 diabetes, who must receive insulin multiple times throughout the day to survive. (hon.ch)
On the heels of winning $12 million in supplemental funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to conduct a major, multi-center, national clinical trial of his iLet™ bionic pancreas, Edward Damiano, a Boston University College of Engineering (ENG) professor of biomedical engineering, has co-authored a study in The Lancet that affirms the technology's effectiveness in managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) better than current conventional methods. (bu.edu)
FDA approval follows results from a multicenter clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine that found the new artificial pancreas system was more effective than existing treatments at controlling blood glucose levels in people with type 1 diabetes . (news-medical.net)
During the study, 168 participants age 14 or older with type 1 diabetes were randomly assigned to use either the artificial pancreas system or sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy with a continuous glucose monitor and insulin pump that did not automatically adjust insulin throughout the day. (news-medical.net)
Artificial pancreas systems can help people with type 1 diabetes improve blood-sugar control while also making it easier for them to manage their blood-sugar levels. (news-medical.net)
In 1977 we purchased the UK's first artificial pancreas to help Professor Sir George Alberti stabilise blood sugar levels for people with Type 1 diabetes during surgery and childbirth. (diabetes.org.uk)
Although it may be a while until the artificial pancreas is available for everyone with Type 1 diabetes, ongoing research like this is taking us closer to breakthrough moments in treating this condition. (diabetes.org.uk)
Professor Helen Murphy investigated how the artificial pancreas could help women with Type 1 diabetes during pregnancy, where managing the condition is even more challenging. (diabetes.org.uk)
An artificial pancreas may offer people with type 1 diabetes a better way to their keep glucose levels in check than the conventional diabetes treatment, which involves an insulin pump, according to a new study. (livescience.com)
In the new study of 30 adults and teens with type 1 diabetes , researchers compared the conventional insulin-pump therapy to two types of artificial pancreas. (livescience.com)

An experimental procedure called islet cell transplantation transplants only the parts of the pancreas that make insulin. (medlineplus.gov)
Successful pancreas transplantation provides durable glycemic control and improves survival for patients with diabetes. (bmj.com)
This review focuses on the outcomes of pancreas transplantation for patients with and without end stage renal disease. (bmj.com)
It describes the current state of pancreas transplantation, gaps in knowledge, and future studies needed to enable more patients to benefit from this treatment. (bmj.com)
A common theme that emerges is the need for multicenter randomized trials in pancreas transplantation to define clearly the efficacy, risks, and long term benefits. (bmj.com)
They were asked about how they came to consider pancreas transplantation and their perceptions of insulin therapy compared with pancreas transplantation. (bmj.com)
As a result of their input, we clarified several areas of the article relating to the outcomes of pancreas transplantation and alternative therapies. (bmj.com)
The outcomes of vascularized pancreas transplantation have steadily improved secondary to improvements in surgical techniques, donor and recipient selection and management, and diagnostic imaging, all of which have resulted in a reduction in early technical graft losses. (uptodate.com)
This topic reviews the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of acute rejection of the pancreas allograft in the setting of SPK transplantation. (uptodate.com)
See 'Patient selection for and immunologic issues relating to kidney-pancreas transplantation in diabetes mellitus' . (uptodate.com)
See 'Benefits and complications associated with kidney-pancreas transplantation in diabetes mellitus' and 'Pancreas and islet transplantation in diabetes mellitus' . (uptodate.com)
The goal of pancreas or pancreas-kidney transplantation is to return patients to a full, satisfying quality of life since they are off insulin and no longer have strict dietary and travel restrictions. (memorialhermann.org)
Pancreas Transplantation: Does Age Increase Morbidity? (hindawi.com)
Outcome of pancreas transplantation in recipients older than 50 years: a single-centre experience," Transplantation , vol. 86, no. 11, pp. 1511-1514, 2008. (hindawi.com)
Patient and graft survival implications of simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation from old donors," American Journal of Transplantation , vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 1561-1571, 2007. (hindawi.com)
The impact of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation on long-term patient survival," Transplantation , vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 82-90, 2001. (hindawi.com)

Pancreas , compound gland that discharges digestive enzymes into the gut and secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon , vital in carbohydrate (sugar) metabolism, into the bloodstream. (britannica.com)
Approximately 80 to 90 percent of the pancreas can be surgically removed without producing an insufficiency of either endocrine hormones (insulin and glucagon) or exocrine substances (water, bicarbonate, and enzymes). (britannica.com)
Scattered among the enzyme-producing cells of the pancreas are small groups of endocrine cells, called the islets of Langerhans, that secrete two hormones, insulin and glucagon. (factmonster.com)
inner part of the pancreas, which secretes insuline and glucagon, hormones that contribute to the processing of starches in the body. (ugr.es)
Diabetes is the result of a defective pancreas-an organ gland that pumps the hormones insulin and glucagon to stabilize blood sugar levels. (asme.org)
Insulin and glucagon, which help control the level of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood, are also made in the pancreas. (kidshealth.org)
The pancreas also makes insulin and glucagon, the hormones that control sugar levels in the blood. (bcm.edu)
CHICAGO (Reuters) - A test run of an "artificial pancreas" that monitors blood sugar and delivers both insulin and regulatory hormone called glucagon helped patients achieve near-normal blood sugar levels for more than 24 hours, U.S. researchers said on Wednesday. (reuters.com)
Adding small doses of glucagon, a hormone released by the pancreas to raise blood sugar levels, helped overcome this, according to the study published in the journal Science Translational Medicine. (reuters.com)
This is the first artificial pancreas device that has used both insulin and glucagon," said Dr. Steven Russell of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, who helped lead the study. (reuters.com)
Four of them are secreted by the cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas: two, insulin and glucagon, with major actions on glucose metabolism and two, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide, with modulating actions on insulin and glucagon secretion. (berkeley.edu)
The pancreas is also critical to the production of insulin and glucagon, which regulate glucose levels in the blood. (healthline.com)
The so-called incretin hormones, GIP (short for glucose-dependent insulin-releasing polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1), are produced in the intestine after ingestion of a meal, and are transported via the circulation to the pancreas. (eurekalert.org)
It tracked adult T1D patients over two 11-day periods, one using the bihormonal bionic pancreas (which dispenses the hormones insulin and glucagon as needed) and the other using the conventional insulin pump therapy for diabetes management. (bu.edu)
The researchers are also seeking funding to conduct separate studies to test the safety and efficacy of the insulin-only and glucagon-only configurations of the iLet bionic pancreas in people with other glycemic control disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinism, insulinoma, and many others. (bu.edu)
Also containing specialized groups of cells called the islets of Langerhans , the pancreas produces the hormones -- insulin and glucagon. (microscopyu.com)

When these hormones reach the pancreas, the pancreatic cells are stimulated to produce and release large amounts of water, bicarbonate, and digestive enzymes, which then flow into the intestine. (britannica.com)
The principal function of the endocrine pancreas is the secretion of insulin and other polypeptide hormones necessary for the cellular storage or mobilization of glucose , amino acids , and triglycerides . (britannica.com)
pancreas păn´krēəs [ key ] , glandular organ that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones. (factmonster.com)
What hormones does the pancreas release? (answers.com)
Three hormones are released in the pancreas. (answers.com)
The pancreas is a glandular organ that produces a number of hormones essential to the body. (healthline.com)
The artificial pancreas is an automated system that helps people with diabetes control glucose levels through the automatic administration of one or two hormones. (livescience.com)

The pancreas is a gland behind your stomach and in front of your spine. (medlineplus.gov)
The pancreas is a long, narrow gland that is situated transversely across the upper abdomen, behind the stomach and the spleen. (britannica.com)
The pancreas is a long, flat gland that lies in the abdomen behind the stomach. (kidshealth.org)
The neck of the pancreas supports the pylorus of the stomach. (innerbody.com)
The pancreas is an organ that sits behind the stomach and secretes chemicals, called enzymes, which aid digestion. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The pancreas is about 6 inches long and sits across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach. (medicinenet.com)
The pancreas is an oblong flattened gland, about six inches long, located deep in the abdomen, sandwiched between the stomach and the spine. (bcm.edu)
Your pancreas is an organ that lies behind the lower part of your stomach. (mayoclinic.org)
Staging of cancers of the esophagus , stomach, pancreas and rectum. (medicinenet.com)
It was discovered I had digestive juices flowing back into my stomach and a small cyst on my pancreas. (druginfonet.com)
The longest part of the pancreas, the body, stretches across behind the stomach, and the tail of the pancreas ends adjacent to the spleen . (wikipedia.org)
The body is the largest part of the pancreas, and mostly lies behind the stomach. (wikipedia.org)
The pancreas is surrounded by the stomach, intestines, and other organs. (medindia.net)
The pancreas is an organ that in humans lies in the abdomen, stretching from behind the stomach to the left upper abdomen near the spleen. (wikipedia.org)
The body is the largest part of the pancreas, and mostly lies behind the stomach, tapering along its length. (wikipedia.org)
Accessory pancreas is a small cluster of pancreas cells detached from the pancreas and sometimes found in the wall of the stomach or intestines. (wikipedia.org)

The pancreas is a gland organ. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The pancreas is a gland organ with a key role in digestion and glucose control. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The pancreas is a long, flat gland in your belly. (kidshealth.org)
The pancreas is the second largest gland that is connected to the digestive tract , after the liver . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The pancreas is a heterocrine gland , [2] having both an endocrine and a digestive exocrine function. (wikipedia.org)
The pancreas gland has important chemical functions in the digestive system and produces the hormone insulin. (nytimes.com)

JDRF is continuing to push for faster-acting insulin, improved blood-glucose sensing technology and the ultimate goal of this project: completely automated AP systems that replicate, as closely as possible, the operations of a normal pancreas. (jdrf.org)
Since they have showed only normal pancreas, it is unlikely that your pain might be due to chronic issues of the pancreas. (medhelp.org)

About 10 percent of all pancreas transplants are performed in people with type 2 diabetes. (mayoclinic.org)
The artificial pancreas has "great potential to improve glucose control," while people with type 2 diabetes are in the hospital, said study senior author Roman Hovorka. (hon.ch)
He said it's not clear from this study if people with type 2 diabetes would be willing to wear the two mechanical components of an artificial pancreas (insulin pump and continuous glucose monitor) outside the hospital. (hon.ch)
Larger in-patient studies are the next step in artificial pancreas research for people with type 2 diabetes, and then possibly outpatient trials, he said. (hon.ch)
We funded Professor Hovorka to carry out one of the first trials of the artificial pancreas with people with Type 2 diabetes. (diabetes.org.uk)

Rich later became more involved in work on tuberculosis and on the collagen diseases but his interest in disease of the pancreas persisted and the work he allotted to me included an experimental study of chemically induced diabetes mellitus. (springer.com)
Diabetes mellitus can be considered a problem of the pancreas. (vetinfo.com)
The diabetes mellitus is not a disease that can be treated, but is manageable by administering periodical insulin to supplement what the pancreas fails to produce. (vetinfo.com)
Ashraf A, Abdullatif H, Hardin W, Moates JM (2005) Unusual case of neonatal diabetes mellitus due to congenital pancreas agenesis. (springer.com)
Ghon A, Roman B (1913) Ein Fall von Missbildung des Pancreas mit Diabetes mellitus. (springer.com)
Because of its role in the regulation of blood sugar, the pancreas is also a key organ in diabetes mellitus. (wikipedia.org)

A healthful diet can contribute to maintaining a healthy pancreas. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A healthy pancreas makes about 2.2 pints (1 liter) of these enzymes every day. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A healthy pancreas produces chemicals to digest the food we eat. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The bi-hormonal system mimics the glucose-regulating function of a healthy pancreas more closely than an insulin-only system. (fda.gov)
An artificial pancreas device system (APDS) is a small portable piece of equipment designed to carry out the function of a healthy pancreas. (bbc.co.uk)

In many older studies, long-standing inflammation of the pancreas was most often due to alcohol - but in the U.S. at least that pattern is changing, a new study shows. (foxnews.com)
Dr. Greg Cote, a professor at the Indiana University School of Medicine and the lead author on the study, told Reuters Health he wasn't surprised to find so many patients whose long-term pancreas inflammation couldn't be explained. (foxnews.com)
His is the largest study to look at the causes of chronic pancreas inflammation in the U.S., he said. (foxnews.com)

The pancreas is an organ 6 to 8 inches long. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Your pancreas is an organ. (familydoctor.org)
In humans, the pancreas is a yellowish organ about 7 in. (factmonster.com)
Pancreatic cancer has a particularly high mortality rate, and patients with a family history of the disease sometimes have the pancreas removed if precancerous cysts are present in the organ. (factmonster.com)
The pancreas is a complicated and often misunderstood organ, with many important functions in the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)
But waiting for a donor pancreas and kidney to become available at the same time may increase time spent on the organ donor waiting list. (mayoclinic.org)
The pancreas is an important organ for digestion and the control of circulating levels of glucose . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In human beings, the pancreas is a 6-10 inch elongated organ weighing 65 to 160 grams and lying in the abdominal cavity. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The pancreas is an essential organ in the dog's body. (vetinfo.com)
The pancreas [note 1] is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates . (wikipedia.org)
The pancreas is an organ that in humans lies in the upper left part of the abdomen . (wikipedia.org)
Because there's a shortage of donor pancreases, patients must wait for an available organ. (ucsfhealth.org)
Advances in the prevention of organ rejection also make it possible to perform solitary pancreas transplants in patients who have had successful kidney transplants. (ucsfhealth.org)

The pancreas also produces the hormone insulin and secretes it into the bloodstream, where it regulates the body's glucose or sugar level. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Following the launch of our Artificial Pancreas Project in 2006, our first steps were to support the development of continuous glucose monitors and increasingly sophisticated insulin pumps. (jdrf.org)
The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation has teamed up with Johnson & Johnson's unit Animas, which makes insulin pumps, and DexCom Inc, which makes continuous glucose monitoring devices, to develop and test an artificial pancreas system. (reuters.com)
The FDA helped develop two standards related to the Artificial Pancreas Device System - a Continuous Glucose Monitoring standard (CLSI POCT05-A) that discusses performance characteristics, and a standard that discusses characteristics of a feedback control system applied to closed-loop control algorithms such as the one used in the artificial pancreas (ISO 60601-1-10). (fda.gov)
UVA investigators have completed the first of several international artificial pancreas clinical trials to test an individually-"prescribed" control algorithm, which regulates blood glucose levels in Type 1 diabetics. (dailystrength.org)
Instead of a patient having to measure his or her blood sugar with a glucose meter several times a day and self-administer insulin injections, this system would continuously regulate the patient's blood glucose, much like the way a non-diabetic's pancreas functions. (dailystrength.org)
After a meal, the concentration of glucose in the blood rises, causing the beta-cells of the pancreas to secrete a correlated amount of insulin. (eurekalert.org)
Our results suggest that inability to respond to GIP leads not only to a fall in glucose utilization and insulin secretion, but is also associated with a reduction in the mass of beta cells in the pancreas. (eurekalert.org)
The replacement pancreas ties together an insulin pump, a glucose monitor, and a computer system that automatically adjusts insulin levels, creating a "closed-loop" system. (theweek.com)
The smartphone component of the bionic pancreas system displays in an upper panel the blood sugar levels (black circles) that are reported by the glucose monitor every 5 minutes, supplemented by any fingerstick readings (red asterisks) taken by the user. (newscientist.com)
For both groups, the results with the bionic pancreas were compared with five days of the participants using their usual method of controlling the disease - pricking their finger to monitor glucose levels and using an insulin pump, that requires them to manually calculate the dosage. (newscientist.com)
If the pancreas fails to produce sufficient amounts of insulin, the glucose levels will be elevated but may not be used by the body as a source of energy. (vetinfo.com)
Average glucose levels were 154 mg/dL for the artificial pancreas group and 188 mg/dL for the standard care group. (hon.ch)
On days when patients were on the bionic pancreas, their average blood glucose levels were significantly lower compared to their standard treatment, and they reported fewer episodes of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). (bu.edu)
Our study showed that the bionic pancreas reduced the risk of overnight hypoglycemia to almost nothing without raising the average glucose level. (bu.edu)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved an artificial pancreas system - based on technology from the University of Virginia Center for Diabetes Technology - that automatically monitors and regulates blood glucose levels. (news-medical.net)
The artificial pancreas system, called Control-IQ and manufactured by Tandem Diabetes Care, tracks blood glucose levels with a continuous glucose monitor (Dexcom G6 CGM) and automatically delivers the hormone insulin as needed. (news-medical.net)
The researchers found that users of the artificial pancreas system significantly increased the amount of time with their blood glucose levels in the target range, while the time in range in the SAP group remained unchanged over six months. (news-medical.net)
Artificial pancreas users also showed improvements in several diabetes control measures, including time with high and low blood glucose, compared with the SAP group. (news-medical.net)
This experimental artificial pancreas has been created by combining a continuous glucose monitor (CGM), with an insulin pump. (medindia.net)
Helen Murphy, lead of the study at Cambridge University said, "To discover an artificial pancreas can help maintain near-normal glucose level in pregnant women is very promising. (medindia.net)
The researchers found that the patients' glucose levels were within the desired range 62 percent of the time during visits when the single-hormone artificial pancreas was used and 63 percent of the time when the dual-hormone artificial pancreas was used. (livescience.com)
Our study confirms that both artificial pancreas systems improve glucose control and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia compared to conventional pump therapy," study author Ahmad Haidar, of Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, said in a statement. (livescience.com)
In this InFocus report, staff writer Kristina Fiore sits down with Chip Zimliki, PhD, director of the FDA's critical pathway initiative for the artificial pancreas, to talk about this first step, which focuses on low glucose suspend -- a technology that enables automatic shutoff of insulin infusion to prevent hypoglycemia. (medpagetoday.com)

In the beginning it moves up and forward and then to the left to join the body of the pancreas. (innerbody.com)
Two ducts, the main pancreatic duct and a smaller accessory pancreatic duct , run through the body of the pancreas, joining with the common bile duct near a small ballooning called the ampulla of Vater . (wikipedia.org)
The body of the pancreas travels from the head, separated by a short neck. (wikipedia.org)
The splenic vein, which also passes behind the body of the pancreas, passes behind the tail of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
The peritoneum sits on top of the body of the pancreas, and the transverse colon in front of the peritoneum. (wikipedia.org)

The cells in the pancreas that produce digestive enzymes are called acinar cells (from Latin acinus , meaning "grape"), so named because the cells aggregate to form bundles that resemble a cluster of grapes. (britannica.com)
THURSDAY, Jan. 24 (HealthDay News) -- An international team of researchers has finally managed to locate stem cells in the pancreas -- in mice, at least. (washingtonpost.com)
This is the first conclusive evidence that there are stem cells in the pancreas, but any potential benefit is a very long way away," said Juan Dominguez-Bendala, director of Stem Cell Development for Translational Research at the Diabetes Research Institute of the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. (washingtonpost.com)
The number of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas is also lower than normal, due to the fact that the cells divide less frequently. (eurekalert.org)
Special clusters of cells in the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans, produce insulin. (vetinfo.com)

These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Pancreas Anatomy. (fpnotebook.com)
Methods A PubMed search revealed 53 cases of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas. (springer.com)

The islets carry out the endocrine functions of the pancreas, though they account for only 1 to 2 percent of pancreatic tissue. (britannica.com)
The endocrine pancreas consists of the islets of Langerhans . (britannica.com)
There are approximately one million islets that weigh about 1 gram (about 0.04 ounce) in total and are scattered throughout the pancreas. (britannica.com)
Clusters of cells, called the islets of Langerhans, are spread throughout the pancreas. (ucsfhealth.org)

Pancreas divisum happens in the womb when two parts of an embryo's pancreas, the ventral and dorsal ducts, do not fuse together to form one main pancreatic duct. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pancreas divisum is a widespread disorder, affecting 5 to 10 percent of the general population. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The vast majority of people with the condition experience no symptoms, and most cases of pancreas divisum are only discovered after death, at autopsy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Undiagnosed pancreas divisum means that sometimes digestive juices do not drain into the intestine efficiently, which impacts digestion. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pancreas divisum without symptoms does not require treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In pancreas divisum, they remain seperate. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pain and bloating in the abdomen are potential symptoms of pancreas divisum. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pancreas divisum, the most common congenital variant of the pancreatic anatomy, occurs when the ductal systems of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic ducts fail to fuse. (medscape.com)
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) of a patient with pancreas divisum. (medscape.com)
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) of a patient with pancreas divisum. (medscape.com)
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used for therapeutic intervention in patents with pancreas divisum. (medscape.com)

A duct runs the length of the pancreas, and it is joined by several small branches from the glandular tissue. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The pancreas is made up of glandular tissue and a system of ducts. (bcm.edu)

Edward Damiano with a prototype bionic pancreas. (bu.edu)
This award provides us with significant resources to collect the final clinical data required by the US FDA for regulatory approval, which will pave the way for us to bring the bionic pancreas to market," says Damiano. (bu.edu)
The bionic pancreas performed even better overnight, which is a period of particular concern for people with T1D. (bu.edu)
The nine-month trial will test the safety and efficacy of the bihormonal bionic pancreas in adults with T1D, a crucial step in the medical device-approval process. (bu.edu)
Additional funding is being sought to extend this study to the pediatric population and to fund a separate final pivotal trial to test the safety and efficacy of the insulin-only configuration of the iLet bionic pancreas in adults and children with T1D. (bu.edu)
Soon after his son, David, developed T1D as an infant almost 17 years ago, Damiano began working with his team on the bionic pancreas. (bu.edu)
Over the past three years, they have been developing their iLet bionic pancreas platform, which integrates all of the components of their iPhone-based platform into a single, compact, handheld device, which is about the size of the original iPhone. (bu.edu)

Let me be straight: I am not against the development of an artificial pancreas (AP) and I do believe some good will come from this work, but I do believe that the JDRF, which used to be called the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, is playing very fast and very lose with the so-called facts of what an artificial pancreas can and cannot do. (forbes.com)
The FDA is helping advance the development of an artificial pancreas device system by prioritizing the review of research protocol studies, providing clear guidelines to industry, setting performance and safety standards, fostering discussions between government and private researchers, co-sponsoring public forums, and finding ways to shorten study and review time. (fda.gov)
Some of these efforts, such as our rapid response to preliminary study plans and interactive review of investigational study plans, are unique to the development of an Artificial Pancreas Device System. (fda.gov)
It also encourages greater communication between the FDA and manufacturers and researchers, which will support the rapid, safe and effective development of an Artificial Pancreas Device System. (fda.gov)
Many stakeholders play a role in the development of an Artificial Pancreas Delivery System including diabetes patient groups, diabetes care providers, medical device manufactures, researchers, and academic investigators . (fda.gov)
The "Workshop on Innovation towards an Artificial Pancreas" focused on new technologies that may advance development of an artificial pancreas device system. (fda.gov)
The FDA co-sponsored a public meeting in 2008 with NIH and JDRF and one in 2010 with NIH on the development of an artificial pancreas. (fda.gov)

Although not a cure for diabetes, the artificial pancreas would provide a life-saving bridge to diabetics while researchers pursue a cellular-level solution. (asme.org)
Instead of constant self-checks and regular insulin shots, diabetics could be able to rely on an artificial pancreas to automatically adjust insulin levels. (theweek.com)

The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that break down food into molecules that can be absorbed from the intestine. (vetinfo.com)
Digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas are capable of digesting the dog or cat's body just as well as they digest food. (vetinfo.com)
This is caused by the digestive enzymes that will start destroying the pancreas. (vetinfo.com)
If a person's pancreas fails to produce the necessary digestive enzymes, he will be unable to properly digest food. (reference.com)

The main duct is the pancreatic duct which runs the length of the pancreas. (bcm.edu)

A donor pancreas and kidney are placed in your lower abdomen. (mayoclinic.org)
In a minimally invasive procedure, insulin-producing beta cells are isolated from a donor pancreas, then injected through the skin into the portal vein of the liver, where they attach to new blood vessels and release insulin. (ucsfhealth.org)
During the same operation, the donor pancreas will be transplanted. (emoryhealthcare.org)

Rarely, pancreas transplants may be used in the treatment of pancreatic, bile duct or other cancers. (mayoclinic.org)
Seventeenth century, the main duct of the pancreas was described by Dr. Wirsung. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Diagnosis of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas is inconclusive without demonstration of the absence of the dorsal pancreatic duct. (springer.com)

Other problems that concern the pancreas include pancreatic cancer. (healthline.com)
We work together with colleagues in the Pancreatic Cancer Program and the Pancreas and Liver Institute to provide multidisciplinary, patient- and family-centered diagnostics and treatment. (bidmc.org)

Moreover, the almost unrelated exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas have led to the management of different pancreatic diseases by different groups of specialists, while the effects of primarily non-pancreatic diseases upon the pancreas have tended to escape recognition. (springer.com)

However, although certain lesions of the pancreas can now be recognised and localised without an operation, the pathology of the pancreas remains to be more thoroughly investigated. (springer.com)

The function of the pancreas in diabetes has been known since at least 1889, with its role in insulin production identified in 1921. (wikipedia.org)

My interest in the pathology of the pancreas was aroused while working with Prof. Arnold Rice Rich of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore. (springer.com)
Pathology of the Pancreas: A Practical Approach covers all the diagnostic entities in adult pancreatic pathology, providing extensive illustrations and tables to assist the pathologist at the time of diagnostic reporting of histological and cytological specimens. (springer.com)
Pathology of the Pancreas: A Practical Approach enables the pathologist to recognize the various pathological entities and provide the key information in their pathology reports, which is necessary for the individual patient's further management. (springer.com)
Pathology of the Pancreas: A Practical Approach is a bench book for everyday use beside the microscope and provides the diagnostic pathologist with a comprehensive, well-illustrated and extensively cross-referenced approach to pancreatic pathology. (springer.com)

Just by way of a quick review the quest to develop a fully automated closed loop insulin delivery system began many years ago but it wasn't until October of 2005 that the quest became official when the JDRF board approves the launch of the artificial pancreas project (APP). (forbes.com)
The "artificial pancreas" or closed-loop insulin delivery system automatically manages a person's diabetes. (deccanherald.com)
The artificial pancreas, or closed-loop insulin delivery system, continuously monitors blood sugar levels, calculates the amount of insulin required (through a device such as a tablet or mobile phone), and automatically delivers insulin through a pump. (diabetes.org.uk)
SAN DIEGO -- The FDA has issued the first part of a three-pronged strategy for bringing to market a closed-loop insulin delivery system, otherwise known as the artificial pancreas. (medpagetoday.com)

Pre-registration for Pancreas 2018 is now closed. (eiseverywhere.com)
For further details on Pancreas 2018 Meeting, please visit the congress website at www.pancreas2018.org. (eiseverywhere.com)
TUESDAY, June 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Using an artificial pancreas can help hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes maintain good blood sugar control, a new study suggests. (hon.ch)

The body and tail of the pancreas are predominantly served by the celiac trunk (via the splenic a. (google.com)
The narrow end of the pancreas, called the tail, extends to the left side of the body. (medicinenet.com)
The pancreas narrows towards the tail, which sits next to the spleen. (wikipedia.org)
The tail, body, and the neck of the pancreas receive their blood supply from the splenic artery's pancreatic branches. (innerbody.com)
The splenic artery runs along the top of the pancreas, and supplies the left part of the body and the tail of the pancreas through its pancreatic branches, the largest of which is called the greater pancreatic artery. (wikipedia.org)

Both of the 2 main theories as to how annular pancreas develops involve the left and right ventral buds that normally form the head and neck of the pancreas. (medscape.com)
The portal vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein posterior to the neck of the pancreas. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery travels in front of the neck of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
The body and neck of the pancreas drain into the splenic vein, which sits behind the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)

Around 95 percent of the pancreas is exocrine tissue. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The pancreas performs two major functions: It makes and excretes enzymes that break food down for absorption, and it produces the hormone insulin, which we need to control blood-sugar levels. (sun-sentinel.com)
In healthy people the pancreas produces insulin which regulates sugar levels in the blood. (telegraph.co.uk)

The splenic vein passes posterior to the pancreas but is said to not drain the pancreas itself. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Behind the pancreas are several blood vessels, including the aorta , the splenic vein , and the left renal vein , as well as some of the superior mesenteric artery. (wikipedia.org)

Surgeons often may perform combined (simultaneous) kidney-pancreas transplants for people with diabetes who have or are at risk of kidney damage. (mayoclinic.org)
Successful combined kidney-pancreas transplants prevent diabetic damage in newly transplanted kidneys as well as eliminate the need for insulin therapy. (ucsfhealth.org)
With these improvements, solitary pancreas transplants are achieving the same excellent results of simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplants. (ucsfhealth.org)

Enzymes active in the digestion of carbohydrates, fat, and protein continuously flow from the pancreas through these ducts. (britannica.com)
The pancreas has an endocrine function because it releases juices directly into the bloodstream, and it has an exocrine function because it releases juices into ducts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Stones dislodge from gall bladder and create blockages in bile ducts of liver and pancreas. (medhelp.org)

The pancreas may be the site of acute and chronic infections, tumours , and cysts. (britannica.com)

Endoscopy refers to the procedure of inserting a long flexible tube via the mouth or the rectum to visualize the digestive tract (for further information, please visit the Colonoscopy and Flexible Sigmoidoscopy articles), whereas ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of the organs and structures inside the body such as ovaries, uterus, liver , gallbladder, pancreas, or aorta . (medicinenet.com)
The pancreas is one of the few organs that has both an exocrine and an endocrine function. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

If a person's pancreas fails to produce insulin, he will develop diabetes. (reference.com)

Annular pancreas, as first described by Tiedemann in 1818, is a rare congenital abnormality that accounts for 1% of all intestinal obstructions in the pediatric population. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Annular pancreas more commonly affects males. (medscape.com)
Surgical repair of annular pancreas with duodenojejunostomy or duodenoduodenostomy can relieve the obstruction and is commonly successful without complication. (medscape.com)
Annular pancreas is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction, and patients with this condition usually present in the first year of life. (medscape.com)
As with duodenal atresia, annular pancreas is often associated with other congenital anomalies that necessitate thorough examination of these patients. (medscape.com)
Surgical correction of annular pancreas has a good prognosis. (medscape.com)

Tumors of the Pancreas Format: Hardback. (ebay.co.uk)
Pancreas cancer tumors spread quickly and are notoriously resistant to treatment, making them among the deadliest of malignancies. (redorbit.com)
When they infused the combination into specially engineered mice whose pancreas tumors mimic those of human pancreas cancer, the combination broke down the matrix barrier within the tumors and allowed the chemotherapy to permeate freely and spread throughout the cancerous tissue. (redorbit.com)
Unlike most solid tumors, pancreas tumors use a two-pronged defense to keep small molecules, such as those contained in chemotherapy, from entering: a vastly reduced blood supply and the creation of a strong fibroinflammatory response. (redorbit.com)

Pancreas/Gallbladder Issue? (medhelp.org)
Pancreas or gallbladder? (medhelp.org)

In previous tests of artificial pancreas systems that deliver only insulin, some patients have developed dangerously low blood sugar, known as hypoglycemia. (reuters.com)
The FDA has worked to encourage the collaboration among these groups, so that an Artificial Pancreas Delivery System can be brought to patients more quickly. (fda.gov)
Seventy patients were placed on an artificial pancreas system. (hon.ch)
Dr. Joel Zonszein, director of the Clinical Diabetes Center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, says he doesn't foresee using the artificial pancreas for his hospitalized type 2 patients in the near future because of the expense. (hon.ch)
For comparison, the scientists of the school's department of epidemiology asked the same questions of 644 patients comparable in age and sex who were hospitalized for a variety of reasons unrelated to the pancreas. (nytimes.com)
Improvements in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive medications make it possible to perform solitary pancreas transplants for diabetic patients who don't yet have serious kidney disease but who have problems maintaining normal blood sugar and insulin levels. (ucsfhealth.org)
Moreover, the investigators found that, when either type of artificial pancreas was used, the patients experienced fewer incidents of the dangerous condition of hypoglycemia , compared with when the insulin pump treatment was used. (livescience.com)
The researchers observed 13 cases of hypoglycemia, including five that were severe enough to cause symptoms, when patients were using the single-hormone artificial pancreas, and nine cases (none of which were symptomatic) that occurred when the double-hormone artificial pancreas was used. (livescience.com)
Using information on patients with a chronically inflamed pancreas from 20 major medical centers, the research team found that about three of every 10 cases were due to genetic diseases, disorders of the immune system, physical damage, and other factors. (foxnews.com)

A self-regulating system, the artificial pancreas would monitor blood sugar levels continuously and automatically release the right amount of insulin at the right times, effectively automating the daily management of diabetes. (asme.org)
Artificial pancreas (AP) systems will automate blood-sugar management, dramatically reducing T1D-related risks and improving lives of people who have the disease. (jdrf.org)
That's why JDRF is committed to advancing technology like artificial pancreas systems that can automate blood-sugar management, making life with T1D easier and safer overall. (jdrf.org)
It was found that the artificial pancreas system kept blood sugar in the normal range for 60 per cent of the time compared with 40 per cent with the ordinary pump. (telegraph.co.uk)
The artificial pancreas, which uses a computer formula to direct insulin delivery from a pump based on blood sugar readings obtained from a continuous monitor, can automate much of the care that would normally need to be done by hospital staff. (hon.ch)
The artificial pancreas group had blood sugar levels that were within the desired range -- 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) to 180 mg/dL -- 66 percent of the time. (hon.ch)
Diabetic ketoacidosis, in which the blood becomes too acidic, occurred in one participant in the artificial pancreas group due to a problem with equipment that delivers insulin from the pump. (news-medical.net)
Those using the artificial pancreas spent almost 25 per cent more time with blood sugar levels in the target range, compared to people using insulin injections, without an increased risk of hypos. (diabetes.org.uk)
Blood vessels are connected to supply blood flow to the pancreas. (emoryhealthcare.org)
The pancreas has a rich blood supply, with vessels originating as branches of both the coeliac artery and superior mesenteric artery. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy16

Organisms5

Diseases38

Chemicals and Drugs26

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Determination of human body burden baseline date of platinum through autopsy tissue analysis. (1/8132)

Tissue-specific knockout of the insulin receptor in pancreatic beta cells creates an insulin secretory defect similar to that in type 2 diabetes. (2/8132)

Freeze-fracture replication of organized tissue without cryoprotection. (3/8132)

Further studies on the mechanism of adrenaline-induced lipolysis in lipid micelles. (4/8132)

Efficient binding of regulated secretory protein aggregates to membrane phospholipids at acidic pH. (5/8132)

His ... Asp catalytic dyad of ribonuclease A: histidine pKa values in the wild-type, D121N, and D121A enzymes. (6/8132)

Characterization of functional residues in the interfacial recognition domain of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). (7/8132)

Cloning and characterization of a secreted frizzled-related protein that is expressed by the retinal pigment epithelium. (8/8132)

Pancreas

Pancreas Transplantation

Pancreas, Exocrine

Pancreatic Neoplasms

Pancreatic Diseases

Pancreatic Ducts

Pancreas, Artificial

Pancreatitis

Islets of Langerhans

Pancreatectomy

Amylases

Choristoma

Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal

Pancreatic Juice

Pancreatic Cyst

Ceruletide

Glucagon

Insulin

Secretin

Insulin-Secreting Cells

Cholecystokinin

Pancreatic Polypeptide

Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Pancreatitis, Chronic

Cystadenoma, Mucinous

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous

Cystadenoma, Serous

Acinar Cells

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Carcinoma, Acinar Cell

Duodenum

Adenoma, Islet Cell

Somatostatin

Immunohistochemistry

Islets of Langerhans Transplantation

Trypsinogen

Pancreatic Hormones

Chymotrypsinogen

Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance

Homeodomain Proteins

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde

Glucagon-Secreting Cells

Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing

Azaserine

Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous

Carcinoma, Islet Cell

Endosonography

Carcinoma, Papillary

Pancreatic Pseudocyst

Endocrine Cells

Cystadenoma, Papillary

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adenocarcinoma

Lipase

Endoderm

Organogenesis

Cystadenoma

Duodenal Neoplasms

Blood Glucose

Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous

Tissue Distribution

Ampulla of Vater

Insulinoma

Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental

Pancreatitis, Alcoholic

Duodenal Obstruction

Receptors, Cholecystokinin

Liver

RNA, Messenger

Sincalide

Glucose

Organ Specificity

Gabexate

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Time Factors

Secretory Rate

Mice, Transgenic

Cystadenocarcinoma

Kidney Transplantation

Molecular Sequence Data