Oxygen consumption. Medical search

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.

The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.

Behaviors associated with the ingesting of alcoholic beverages, including social drinking.

Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Inhalation of oxygen aimed at restoring toward normal any pathophysiologic alterations of gas exchange in the cardiopulmonary system, as by the use of a respirator, nasal catheter, tent, chamber, or mask. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)

An electrochemical technique for measuring the current that flows in solution as a function of an applied voltage. The observed polarographic wave, resulting from the electrochemical response, depends on the way voltage is applied (linear sweep or differential pulse) and the type of electrode used. Usually a mercury drop electrode is used.

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

The processes of heating and cooling that an organism uses to control its temperature.

Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.

An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.

The metabolic process of all living cells (animal and plant) in which oxygen is used to provide a source of energy for the cell.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an EXERCISE TEST.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

Electrodes which can be used to measure the concentration of particular ions in cells, tissues, or solutions.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

Stable oxygen atoms that have the same atomic number as the element oxygen, but differ in atomic weight. O-17 and 18 are stable oxygen isotopes.

Electron transfer through the cytochrome system liberating free energy which is transformed into high-energy phosphate bonds.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Heat production, or its measurement, of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, fasting state. It may be determined directly by means of a calorimeter or indirectly by calculating the heat production from an analysis of the end products of oxidation within the organism or from the amount of oxygen utilized.

The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Liquids that are suitable for drinking. (From Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

A metabolic process that converts GLUCOSE into two molecules of PYRUVIC ACID through a series of enzymatic reactions. Energy generated by this process is conserved in two molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is the universal catabolic pathway for glucose, free glucose, or glucose derived from complex CARBOHYDRATES, such as GLYCOGEN and STARCH.

A food group comprised of EDIBLE PLANTS or their parts.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

The oxygen consumption level above which aerobic energy production is supplemented by anaerobic mechanisms during exercise, resulting in a sustained increase in lactate concentration and metabolic acidosis. The anaerobic threshold is affected by factors that modify oxygen delivery to the tissues; it is low in patients with heart disease. Methods of measurement include direct measure of lactate concentration, direct measurement of bicarbonate concentration, and gas exchange measurements.

A beverage made from ground COFFEA beans (SEEDS) infused in hot water. It generally contains CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE unless it is decaffeinated.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

The consumption of edible substances.

The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds.

A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

The determination of oxygen-hemoglobin saturation of blood either by withdrawing a sample and passing it through a classical photoelectric oximeter or by electrodes attached to some translucent part of the body like finger, earlobe, or skin fold. It includes non-invasive oxygen monitoring by pulse oximetry.

Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

An activity in which the body is propelled by moving the legs rapidly. Running is performed at a moderate to rapid pace and should be differentiated from JOGGING, which is performed at a much slower pace.

The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.

Involuntary contraction or twitching of the muscles. It is a physiologic method of heat production in man and other mammals.

Calculation of the energy expenditure in the form of heat production of the whole body or individual organs based on respiratory gas exchange.

The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Drinkable liquids containing ETHANOL.

A compound formed by the combination of hemoglobin and oxygen. It is a complex in which the oxygen is bound directly to the iron without causing a change from the ferrous to the ferric state.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.

Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.

A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.

Chemical agents that uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation in the metabolic cycle so that ATP synthesis does not occur. Included here are those IONOPHORES that disrupt electron transfer by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes.

Acquired or learned food preferences.

An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.

The mitochondria of the myocardium.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated during the normal catalytic function of a number of enzymes and during the oxidation of hemoglobin to METHEMOGLOBIN. In living organisms, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE protects the cell from the deleterious effects of superoxides.

Mitochondria of skeletal and smooth muscle. It does not include myocardial mitochondria for which MITOCHONDRIA, HEART is available.

The chemical reactions that occur within the cells, tissues, or an organism. These processes include both the biosynthesis (ANABOLISM) and the breakdown (CATABOLISM) of organic materials utilized by the living organism.

The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270)

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Marine fish and shellfish used as food or suitable for food. (Webster, 3d ed) SHELLFISH and FISH PRODUCTS are more specific types of SEAFOOD.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

An activity in which the body is propelled through water by specific movement of the arms and/or the legs. Swimming as propulsion through water by the movement of limbs, tail, or fins of animals is often studied as a form of PHYSICAL EXERTION or endurance.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996)

An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Drinkable liquids combined with or impregnated with carbon dioxide.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

A multisubunit enzyme complex containing CYTOCHROME A GROUP; CYTOCHROME A3; two copper atoms; and 13 different protein subunits. It is the terminal oxidase complex of the RESPIRATORY CHAIN and collects electrons that are transferred from the reduced CYTOCHROME C GROUP and donates them to molecular OXYGEN, which is then reduced to water. The redox reaction is simultaneously coupled to the transport of PROTONS across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)

Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.

The use of a bicycle for transportation or recreation. It does not include the use of a bicycle in studying the body's response to physical exertion (BICYCLE ERGOMETRY TEST see EXERCISE TEST).

The therapeutic intermittent administration of oxygen in a chamber at greater than sea-level atmospheric pressures (three atmospheres). It is considered effective treatment for air and gas embolisms, smoke inhalation, acute carbon monoxide poisoning, caisson disease, clostridial gangrene, etc. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992). The list of treatment modalities includes stroke.

An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.

Proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome or proteins encoded by the nuclear genome that are imported to and resident in the MITOCHONDRIA.

The infusion of leaves of CAMELLIA SINENSIS (formerly Thea sinensis) as a beverage, the familiar Asian tea, which contains CATECHIN (especially epigallocatechin gallate) and CAFFEINE.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Freedom from activity.

The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Unstable isotopes of oxygen that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. O atoms with atomic weights 13, 14, 15, 19, and 20 are radioactive oxygen isotopes.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

A condition of decreased oxygen content at the cellular level.

Substances that influence the course of a chemical reaction by ready combination with free radicals. Among other effects, this combining activity protects pancreatic islets against damage by cytokines and prevents myocardial and pulmonary perfusion injuries.

A thermogenic form of adipose tissue composed of BROWN ADIPOCYTES. It is found in newborns of many species including humans, and in hibernating mammals. Brown fat is richly vascularized, innervated, and densely packed with MITOCHONDRIA which can generate heat directly from the stored lipids.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

The selection of one food over another.

The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The consumption of liquids.

An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxide anions and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme protects the cell against dangerous levels of superoxide. EC 1.15.1.1.

Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities.

Sucrose present in the diet. It is added to food and drinks as a sweetener.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Techniques used for determining the values of photometric parameters of light resulting from LUMINESCENCE.

Glucose in blood.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

Mitochondria in hepatocytes. As in all mitochondria, there are an outer membrane and an inner membrane, together creating two separate mitochondrial compartments: the internal matrix space and a much narrower intermembrane space. In the liver mitochondrion, an estimated 67% of the total mitochondrial proteins is located in the matrix. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p343-4)

Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.

Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.

A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes, but has been shown to be an especially potent inhibitor of heme enzymes and hemeproteins. It is used in many industrial processes.

The voltage difference, normally maintained at approximately -180mV, across the INNER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE, by a net movement of positive charge across the membrane. It is a major component of the PROTON MOTIVE FORCE in MITOCHONDRIA used to drive the synthesis of ATP.

A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.

A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851)

Behaviors associated with the ingesting of water and other liquids; includes rhythmic patterns of drinking (time intervals - onset and duration), frequency and satiety.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to water and oxygen. It is present in many animal cells. A deficiency of this enzyme results in ACATALASIA.

An activity in which the organism plunges into water. It includes scuba and bell diving. Diving as natural behavior of animals goes here, as well as diving in decompression experiments with humans or animals.

A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.

The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.

A series of oxidative reactions in the breakdown of acetyl units derived from GLUCOSE; FATTY ACIDS; or AMINO ACIDS by means of tricarboxylic acid intermediates. The end products are CARBON DIOXIDE, water, and energy in the form of phosphate bonds.

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

A conjugated protein which is the oxygen-transporting pigment of muscle. It is made up of one globin polypeptide chain and one heme group.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Fermented juice of fresh grapes or of other fruit or plant products used as a beverage.

An alcoholic beverage usually made from malted cereal grain (as barley), flavored with hops, and brewed by slow fermentation.

A flavoprotein and iron sulfur-containing oxidoreductase complex that catalyzes the conversion of UBIQUINONE to ubiquinol. In MITOCHONDRIA the complex also couples its reaction to the transport of PROTONS across the internal mitochondrial membrane. The NADH DEHYDROGENASE component of the complex can be isolated and is listed as EC 1.6.99.3.

Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

A flavoprotein enzyme that catalyzes the univalent reduction of OXYGEN using NADPH as an electron donor to create SUPEROXIDE ANION. The enzyme is dependent on a variety of CYTOCHROMES. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by enzymes such as NADPH oxidase result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Systematic collections of factual data pertaining to the diet of a human population within a given geographic area.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.

Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.

The movement of the BLOOD as it is pumped through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking.

Carbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other dietary fibers. The former are the major source of energy. The sugars are in beet and cane sugar, fruits, honey, sweet corn, corn syrup, milk and milk products, etc.; the starches are in cereal grains, legumes (FABACEAE), tubers, etc. (From Claudio & Lagua, Nutrition and Diet Therapy Dictionary, 3d ed, p32, p277)

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

The generation of heat in order to maintain body temperature. The uncoupled oxidation of fatty acids contained within brown adipose tissue and SHIVERING are examples of thermogenesis in MAMMALS.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

The TEMPERATURE at the outer surface of the body.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

FATTY ACIDS found in the plasma that are complexed with SERUM ALBUMIN for transport. These fatty acids are not in glycerol ester form.

A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565)

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

A CNS stimulant that is used to induce convulsions in experimental animals. It has also been used as a respiratory stimulant and in the treatment of barbiturate overdose.

Substances that sweeten food, beverages, medications, etc., such as sugar, saccharine or other low-calorie synthetic products. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.

Solutions which, upon administration, will temporarily arrest cardiac activity. They are used in the performance of heart surgery.

Raw and processed or manufactured milk and milk-derived products. These are usually from cows (bovine) but are also from goats, sheep, reindeer, and water buffalo.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (CITRIC ACID CYCLE). It catalyzes the reaction of oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA to form citrate and coenzyme A. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.1.3.7.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Botanically, a type of single-seeded fruit in which the pericarp enclosing the seed is a hard woody shell. In common usage the term is used loosely for any hard, oil-rich kernel. Of those commonly eaten, only hazel, filbert, and chestnut are strictly nuts. Walnuts, pecans, almonds, and coconuts are really drupes. Brazil nuts, pistachios, macadamias, and cashews are really seeds with a hard shell derived from the testa rather than the pericarp.

Volume of PLASMA in the circulation. It is usually measured by INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES.

Instructional programs in the care and development of the body, often in schools. The concept does not include prescribed exercises, which is EXERCISE THERAPY.

A complex of enzymes and PROTON PUMPS located on the inner membrane of the MITOCHONDRIA and in bacterial membranes. The protein complex provides energy in the form of an electrochemical gradient, which may be used by either MITOCHONDRIAL PROTON-TRANSLOCATING ATPASES or BACTERIAL PROTON-TRANSLOCATING ATPASES.

The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed)

Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.

A botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.

Fecal coliform elevated-temperature test: a physiological basis. (1/14332)

The physiological basis of the Eijkman elevated-temperature test for differentiating fecal from nonfecal coliforms was investigated. Manometric studies indicated that the inhibitory effect upon growth and metabolism in a nonfecal coliform at 44.5 degrees C involved cellular components common to both aerobic and fermentative metabolism of lactose. Radioactive substrate incorporation experiments implicated cell membrane function as a principal focus for temperature sensitivity at 44.5 degrees C. A temperature increase from 35 to 44.5 degrees C drastically reduced the rates of [14C]glucose uptake in nonfecal coliforms, whereas those of fecal coliforms were essentially unchanged. In addition, relatively low levels of nonfecal coliform beta-galactosidase activity coupled with thermal inactivation of this enzyme at a comparatively low temperature may also inhibit growth and metabolism of nonfecal coliforms at the elevated temperature. (+info)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (2/14332)

Norepinephrine (NE) reuptake function is impaired in heart failure and this may participate in myocyte hyperstimulation by the neurotransmitter. This alteration can be assessed by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy. METHODS: To determine whether the impairment of neuronal NE reuptake was reversible after metoprolol therapy, we studied 18 patients (43+/-7 y) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy who were stabilized at least for 3 mo with captopril and diuretics. Patients underwent, before and after 6 mo of therapy with metoprolol, measurements of radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), maximal oxygen consumption and plasma NE concentration. The cardiac adrenergic innervation function was scintigraphically assessed with MIBG uptake and release measurements on the planar images obtained 20 min and 4 h after tracer injection. To evaluate whether metoprolol had a direct interaction with cardiac MIBG uptake and release, six normal subjects were studied before and after a 1-mo metoprolol intake. RESULTS: In controls, neither cardiac MIBG uptake and release nor circulating NE concentration changed after the 1-mo metoprolol intake. Conversely, after a 6-mo therapy with metoprolol, patients showed increased cardiac MIBG uptake (129%+/-10% versus 138%+/-17%; P = 0.009), unchanged cardiac MIBG release and decreased plasma NE concentration (0.930+/-412 versus 0.721+/-0.370 ng/mL; P = 0.02). In parallel, patients showed improved New York Heart Association class (2.44+/-0.51 versus 2.05+/-0.23; P = 0.004) and increased LVEF (20%+/-8% versus 27%+/-8%; P = 0.0005), whereas maximal oxygen uptake remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Thus, a parallel improvement of myocardial NE reuptake and of hemodynamics was observed after a 6-mo metoprolol therapy, suggesting that such agents may be beneficial in heart failure by directly protecting the myocardium against excessive NE stimulation. (+info)

Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on vascular resistance, nitric oxide production, and glucose and oxygen consumption in perfused tissue-isolated human melanoma xenografts. (3/14332)

The effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on vascular resistance, nitric oxide production, and consumption of oxygen and glucose was examined in a perfused tissue-isolated tumor model in nude mice. One experimental group was perfused with heparinized Krebs-Henseleit buffer, a second one was perfused with TNF-alpha (500 microgram/kg) 5 h before perfusion. The vascular resistance increased significantly 5 h after TNF-alpha injection. The increase in vascular resistance did not seem to be mediated by a decrease in tumor nitric oxide production, as determined by perfusate nitrate/nitrite concentrations, but may be due to aggregation of leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes and/or endothelial consumption among the three experimental groups. The oxygen consumption was linearly dependent on the amount of available oxygen in the perfusate, whereas the glucose consumption was constant and independent of the glucose delivery rate. The present experiments provide new insights into physiological and metabolic mechanisms of action of TNF- alpha for optimization of future treatment schedules involving TNF-alpha. (+info)

Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy. (4/14332)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether increased plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and big endothelin (BET) play a role in the regulation of coronary circulation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM). SETTING: Tertiary referral centre for cardiac diseases. PATIENTS: Fourteen patients (eight male/six female; mean (SD) age 59 (9) years) with IDCM (ejection fraction 36 (9)%) and five normotensive subjects (two male/three female; age 52 (7) years) serving as controls were studied. METHODS: Functional status was classified according to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. Endogenous ET-1 and BET plasma concentrations from the aorta and the coronary sinus were determined by radioimmunoassay. Coronary blood flow, using the inert chromatographic argon method, myocardial oxygen consumption, and coronary sinus oxygen content under basal conditions were determined. RESULTS: In the aorta, mean (SD) concentrations of ET-1 (IDCM 0.76 (0.25) v controls 0.31 (0.06) fmol/ml; p = 0.002) and BET (IDCM 3.58 (1.06) v controls 2.11 (0.58) fmol/ml; p = 0.014) were increased in patients with IDCM. Aortic ET-1 concentrations correlated positively with NYHA class (r = 0. 731; p < 0.001), myocardial oxygen consumption (r = 0.749; p < 0. 001), and coronary blood flow (r = 0.645; p = 0.003), but inversely with coronary sinus oxygen content (r = -0.633; p = 0.004), which was significantly decreased in IDCM patients (IDCM 4.68 (1.05) v controls 6.70 (1.06) vol%; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The coronary circulation in patients with IDCM is exposed to an increased endothelin load. ET-1 concentrations correlate with functional deterioration. A decrease of the coronary sinus content of oxygen suggests a mismatch between coronary blood flow and metabolic demand. Thus, ET-1 might be a marker of a disequilibrium between myocardial oxygen demand and coronary blood flow in IDCM. (+info)

Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (5/14332)

OBJECTIVES: To assess oxygen uptake (VO2), blood lactate concentration ([La(b)]), and heart rate (HR) response during indoor and outdoor sport climbing. METHODS: Seven climbers aged 25 (SE 1) years, with a personal best ascent without preview or fall (on sight) ranging from 6b to 7a were assessed using an indoor vertical treadmill with artificial rock hand/foot holds and a discontinuous protocol with climbing velocity incremented until voluntary fatigue. On a separate occasion the subjects performed a 23.4 m outdoor rock climb graded 5c and taking 7 min 36 s (SE 33 s) to complete. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured using a telemetry system and [La(b)] collected at rest and after climbing. RESULTS: Indoor climbing elicited a peak oxygen uptake (VO2climb-peak) and peak HR (HRpeak) of 43.8 (SE 2.2) ml/kg/min and 190 (SE 4) bpm, respectively and increased blood lactate concentration [La(b)] from 1.4 (0.1) to 10.2 (0.6) mmol/l (p < 0.05). During outdoor climbing VO2 and HR increased to about 75% and 83% of VO2climb-peak and HRpeak, respectively. [La(b)] increased from 1.3 (0.1) at rest to 4.5 mmol/l (p < 0.05) at 2 min 32 s (8 s) after completion of the climb. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that for elite climbers outdoor sport rock climbs of five to 10 minutes' duration and moderate difficulty require a significant portion of the VO2climb-peak. The higher HR and VO2 for outdoor climbing and the increased [La(b)] could be the result of repeated isometric contractions, particularly from the arm and forearm muscles. (+info)

Myocardial oxygenation during high work states in hearts with postinfarction remodeling. (6/14332)

BACKGROUND: Postinfarction left ventricular remodeling (LVR) is associated with reductions in myocardial high-energy phosphate (HEP) levels, which are more severe in animals that develop overt congestive heart failure (CHF). During high work states, further HEP loss occurs, which suggests demand-induced ischemia. This study tested the hypothesis that inadequate myocyte oxygen availability is the basis for these HEP abnormalities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial infarction was produced by left circumflex coronary artery ligation in swine. Studies were performed in 20 normal animals, 14 animals with compensated LVR, and 9 animals with CHF. Phosphocreatine (PCr)/ATP was determined with 31P NMR and deoxymyoglobin (Mb-delta) with 1H NMR in myocardium remote from the infarct. Basal PCr/ATP tended to be decreased in postinfarct hearts, and this was significant in animals with CHF. Infusion of dobutamine (20 microg x kg-1 x min-1 IV) caused doubling of the rate-pressure product in both normal and LVR hearts and resulted in comparable significant decreases of PCr/ATP in both groups. This decrease in PCr/ATP was not associated with detectable Mb-delta. In CHF hearts, rate-pressure product increased only 40% in response to dobutamine; this attenuated response also was not associated with detectable Mb-delta. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the decrease of PCr/ATP during dobutamine infusion is not the result of insufficient myocardial oxygen availability. Furthermore, in CHF hearts, the low basal PCr/ATP and the attenuated response to dobutamine occurred in the absence of myocardial hypoxia, indicating that the HEP and contractile abnormalities were not the result of insufficient oxygen availability. (+info)

Energy cost of propulsion in standard and ultralight wheelchairs in people with spinal cord injuries. (7/14332)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Wheelchair- and subject-related factors influence the efficiency of wheelchair propulsion. The purpose of this study was to compare wheelchair propulsion in ultralight and standard wheelchairs in people with different levels of spinal cord injury. SUBJECTS: Seventy-four subjects (mean age=26.2 years, SD=7.14, range=17-50) with spinal cord injury resulting in motor loss (30 with tetraplegia and 44 with paraplegia) were studied. METHOD: Each subject propelled standard and ultralight wheelchairs around an outdoor track at self-selected speeds, while data were collected at 4 predetermined intervals. Speed, distance traveled, and oxygen cost (VO2 mL/kg/m) were compared by wheelchair, group, and over time, using a Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: In the ultralight wheelchair, speed and distance traveled were greater for both subjects with paraplegia and subjects with tetraplegia, whereas VO2 was less only for subjects with paraplegia. Subjects with paraplegia propelled faster and farther than did subjects with tetraplegia. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The ultralight wheelchair improved the efficiency of propulsion in the tested subjects. Subjects with tetraplegia, especially at the C6 level, are limited in their ability to propel a wheelchair. (+info)

The respiratory responses of Carcinus maenas to declining oxygen tension. (8/14332)

The degree of respiratory independence shown by Carcinus under conditions of declining oxygen tension is dependent on the animal's level of activity. Inactive Carcinus are capable of maintaining respiratory independence down to a Po2 of 60-80 mmHg. This is achieved primarily by an increase in ventilation volume such that the amount of oxygen made available at the respiratory surfaces remains constant over a wide range of oxygen tension. The Po2 at which this can no longer be maintained corresponds closely to the Po2 at which respiratory independence is lost. Under normoxic conditions the Po2 of the post- and prebranchial blood was 97 and 18 mmHg respectively. At the high oxygen tensions prevailing in the postbranchial blood the respiratory pigment is fully saturated. Under conditions of declining oxygen tension the heart rate remains more or less constant until the Po2 reaches 60-80 mmHg, the onset of bradycardia coinciding with the loss of saturation of the haemocyanin. Although cardiac output falls during hypoxia, the capacity rate ratio remains approximately constant, which enables the effectiveness of oxygen uptake by the blood to remain at a high level. (+info)

Eccentric contraction and oxygen consumption: Oxygen consumption is needed for muscles to work properly. Eccentric muscle ... Less oxygen was consumed during negative work then that of positive work with the oxygen consumption ratio being 3:7.[14] Due ... The amount of oxygen consumption was measured during the motion of pedaling forward as positive work and pedaling with ... Eccentric contractions and cardiac output: With lower cost of oxygen how would eccentric exercise affect the heart? A study was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccentric_training

This will stop your oxygen consumption. It's very unimportant , so that shouldn't be a big deal. O:-) Kim Bruning 20:31, 30 Sep ... Eukaryota: the more complex form of life, has (at least) a mitochondrion symbiont (per cell). Needs oxygen and uses it ... No matter what ones spiritual beliefs are, "no oxygen = physical death". While "not being right with God" might mean spiritual ... Summarising some of the key points: Humans walk upright, have bones, breath oxygen, are warmblooded, nurse their young, have 2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Human/Archive_3

The oxygen consumption and respiratory surface area of the gills of Coregonus lavaretus and of Coregonus peled. Zoologicke ... Oxygen consumption and nitrogen excretion. Aquaculture 41:333-344.. *Dabrowski, K.R. i S.J. Kaushik, 1985. Rearing of coregonid ... Food consumption of vendace Coregonus albula larvae in Lake Lentua, Finland. J. Fish Biol. 51:939-951.(anglès) ...

https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coregonus

Oxygen Consumption of whole organisms." Biological Bulletin 1959 Michael Castagna 1977-1979 "Culture of bay scallop, Argopecten ... "Comparison of continuous records of near-bottom dissolved oxygen from the hypoxia zone along the Louisiana Coast." Estuaries ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_and_Estuarine_Research_Federation

Another factor is oxygen consumption. Ambient oxygen was relatively low in the early Devonian, possibly about half of modern ... Per unit volume, there is much more oxygen in air than in water, and vertebrates are active animals with a high energy ... The Devonian saw increasing oxygen levels which opened up new ecological niches by allowing groups able to exploit the ... Particularly in tropical swampland habitats, atmospheric oxygen is much more stable, and may have prompted a reliance of lungs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_tetrapods

... oxygen consumption was used. By the end of incubation, the male consumed almost 33% more oxygen than before mating. The study ... The pouch provides oxygen, as well as a controlled environment incubator. Though the egg yolk contribute nourishment to the ... Despite a lack of scientific studies or clinical trials,[42][43] the consumption of seahorses is widespread in traditional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_horse

Changes in metabolic state and body temperature also affect oxygen consumption.[4][6] Oxygen consumption was found to be much ... Low oxygen consumption was also observed in inactive larvae. In contrast, it was found to be higher for caterpillars that were ... which aids in temperature regulation and digestion and affects both metabolism and oxygen consumption.[4][6] Females generally ... and energy obtained via food consumption is conserved.[25] ... may account for this decline in consumption.[19] It appears to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynaephora_groenlandica

The rate of oxygen consumption in some animals and in insects is proportionate to body weight. Oxygen consumption increases ... Differences in oxygen consumption occur between sexes of the same organism. Oxygen consumption in the mixed red and white ... Rates of oxygen consumption are significantly higher in P. americana when compared to B. giganteus, likely due to higher daily ... Oxygen diffuses across the thin cuticle and carbon dioxide diffuses out, which allows cockroaches to deliver oxygen to cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaberus_giganteus

"Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption". CNS Clinic. humanneurophysiology.com. Retrieved 25 January 2017. Brubakk, A. O.; ... Translated by: Hitchcock, Mary Alice; Hitchcock, Fred A. Acott, Chris (1999). "Oxygen toxicity: A brief history of oxygen in ... Lower carbon dioxide levels increase the oxygen-haemoglobin affinity, reducing availability of oxygen to brain tissue towards ... Central nervous system oxygen toxicity was also first described in this publication and is sometimes referred to as the "Paul ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_diving

Julian, D., Crampton, W.G.R., Wohlgemuth, S.E. and Albert, J.S. (Dec 2003). "Oxygen consumption in weakly electric Neotropical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthosternarchus_tamandua

Studies on oxygen consumption in digenetic trematodes. V. The influence of temperature on three species of adult trematodes ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynaecotyla_adunca

Verberg, Winona B.; Hunter, Wanda Sanborn (1961). "Studies on oxygen consumption in digenetic trematodes. V. The influence of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parasites_of_the_marsh_rice_rat

Morrison, Peter R. (1948). "Oxygen consumption in several small wild mammals". Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Reed_Morrison

"Oxygen Consumption Rate of Operational Underwater Swimmers". United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit Technical Report. NEDU ... An average diver with a fully closed-circuit rebreather needs 1.5 liters of oxygen per minute while swimming or 0.64 liter per ... Artificial gills are unproven conceptualised devices to allow a human to be able to take in oxygen from surrounding water. This ... Seawater in tropical regions with abundant plant life contains 5-8 mg of oxygen per liter of water. These calculations are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_gills_(human)

... oxygen consumption and nectar load". Functional Ecology. 3 (4): 417-424. doi:10.2307/2389615. JSTOR 2389615.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_wasp

The peak oxygen consumption (VO2 max) is used as an indicator of prognosis. As a general rule, a VO2 max less than 12-14 cc/kg/ ... The left side of the heart is responsible for receiving oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumping it forward to the systemic ... In acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), the immediate goal is to re-establish adequate perfusion and oxygen delivery to ... The resultant low blood oxygen caused by pulmonary edema causes vasoconstriction in the pulmonary circulation, which results in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

... involved oxygen consumption; oxygen consumption was linked to organic compound phosphorylation. His key experiment demonstrated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Kalckar

Oxygen consumption calorimetry has made the measurement of heat release rate of a fire a routine part of fire testing for both ... Hugget, C (1980). "Estimation of rate of heat release by means of oxygen consumption measurements". Fire and Materials. 4 (2): ... This was substantiated in 2016 by the $50,000 DiNenno Prize, which recognized oxygen consumption calorimetry as a significant ... Others who made contributions to the early development and application of oxygen consumption calorimetry include Peter Hinkley ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_calorimeter

Grimes, David Robert; Fletcher, Alexander G.; Partridge, Mike (2014). "Oxygen consumption dynamics in steady-state tumour ... including a 2015 research work on oxygen-radiation interactions (the "oxygen fixation hypothesis and oxygen enhancement ratio ... "A mechanistic investigation of the oxygen fixation hypothesis and oxygen enhancement ratio". Biomedical Physics & Engineering ... Grimes, D.R. "A Breath of Fresh Air-Shedding Light on Oxygen, Radiation and Cancer Treatment". Oxford, UK: self, University of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Robert_Grimes

ISBN 0-292-70673-1. Bucher, Theresa L.; Worthington, Andrea (May-June 1982). "Nocturnal Hypothermia and Oxygen Consumption in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-capped_manakin

"Role of Diaphragmatic Breathing and Aerobic Exercise in Improving Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Asthmatics". Science & Sports. ... "Diaphragmatic breathing allows one to take normal breaths while maximizing the amount of oxygen that goes into the bloodstream ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragmatic_breathing

For later stage larvae, oxygen consumption rate decreases with high level of microplastic fibers.[51] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_lobster

Hainsworth, F.R.; Wolf, L.L. (1970). "Regulation of oxygen consumption and body temperature during torpor in a hummingbird, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torpor

Oxygen consumption (VO2) during exercise is best described by the Fick Equation: VO2=Q x (a-vO2diff), which states that the ... multiplied by the difference between arterial and venous oxygen concentrations. More simply put, oxygen consumption is dictated ... Lassen, NA (1959). "Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in man". Physiological Reviews. 39 (2): 183-238. doi:10.1152/ ... OxygenEdit. Vigorous physical activity (such as exercise or hard labor) increases the body's demand for oxygen. The first-line ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_science

Oxygen consumption VO2 and maximum oxygen consumption VO2 max. Oxygen consumption in species that differ in body size and organ ... The rate of oxygen consumption per gram body size decreases consistently with increasing body size. (Knut Schmidt-Nielson 2004 ... Also respiration costs with respect to oxygen consumption is scaled in the order of Mb.75. This shows that mammals, regardless ... More simply, a larger whale can hold more oxygen and at the same time demand less metabolically than a smaller whale. Traveling ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allometry

This improves efficiency and helps to minimize oxygen consumption. Short, stiff-bladed fins are effective for short bursts of ... and designed to work with slow stiff-legged kicks that are claimed to conserve oxygen and energy. The vast majority are made in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimfin

Oxygen is detected in the Martian atmosphere for the first time in 40 years. 10 May NASA's Kepler mission verifies 1,284 new ... "Coffee consumption linked to decreased risk of colorectal cancer". Science Daily. 1 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016. Martin ... "NASA just detected oxygen in the Martian atmosphere". Science Alert. 9 May 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2016. "NASA's Kepler Mission ... 3 October A study published by the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee shows that caffeine consumption may reduce the risk of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_in_science

"Simplified Versions of the Shunt and Oxygen Consumption Equations". Anesthesiology. 30 (4): 468-470. doi:10.1097/00000542- ... Arterial oxygen content CVO2 = Mixed Venous Oxygen Content The blood entering the pulmonary system will have oxygen flux Q t ⋅ ... If we add the oxygen content of Qs to Qc we get the oxygen content of Qt: Q t ⋅ C a O 2 = Q s ⋅ C v O 2 + ( Q t − Q s ) ⋅ C c O ... Similarly, the blood emerging from the pulmonary system will have oxygen flux Q t ⋅ C a O 2 {\displaystyle Q_{t}\cdot Ca_{O_{2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunt_equation

This improves efficiency and helps to minimize oxygen consumption. Short, stiff-bladed fins are effective for short bursts of ... During the current 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic related shortages, full-face snorkel masks have been adapted to create oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snorkeling

The respiration activity is determined by measuring oxygen consumption. There is linear relationship between the current ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosensor

Exposure of colonic cells to high DCA concentrations increase formation of reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress, ... "Rarity of colon cancer in Africans is associated with low animal product consumption, not fiber". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 94 (5 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acids

The formation of an Arctic ice cap around 3 million years ago is signaled by an abrupt shift in oxygen isotope ratios and ice- ... A modern-day diet known as the Paleolithic diet exists, based on restricting consumption to the foods presumed to be available ... and women may have procured small game animals for consumption and assisted men in driving herds of large game animals (such as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic

Rosacea tends to occur more frequently in older adults.[20] Facial redness triggered by heat or the consumption of alcohol or ... this generates free radicals and reactive oxygen species in the skin, which purposefully damage the sebaceous glands and kill C ... acnes by oxidizing its proteins through the formation of oxygen free radicals and benzoic acid. These free radicals likely ... There is weak observational evidence suggesting that dairy milk consumption is positively associated with a higher frequency ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris

Similarly, they have no gills, absorbing oxygen from the water through their limbs and the inner membrane of their carapaces. ... These feathery appendages beat rhythmically to draw plankton and detritus into the shell for consumption.[16] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirripedia

"alcohol consumption". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 9, 2017.. *^ Robinson, Jancis (2006). The Oxford Companion to ... Maturation is caused by physical and chemical factors such as oxygen supply, the broad application of external heat, nitrogen ... However, new players on the scene-beer, wine, and spirits-became very popular in Japan, and in the 1960s beer consumption ... Sake consumption continued to go down while, in contrast, the quality of sake steadily improved. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake

... capable of oxidation by atmospheric oxygen and oxygen plasma[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] steam,[34][35][36] and also carbon ... He uses oxygen as an example, wherein the activated carbon would typically adsorb the atmospheric concentration (21%) under ... Gómez-Serrano, V.; Piriz-Almeida, F. N.; Durán-Valle, C. J.; Pastor-Villegas, J. (1999). "Formation of oxygen structures by air ... Activation/Oxidation: Raw material or carbonized material is exposed to oxidizing atmospheres (oxygen or steam) at temperatures ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_charcoal

In addition to their streamlined bodies, they can slow their heart rate to conserve oxygen; blood is rerouted from tissue ... should also apply to these cash-based exchanges as long as they take place within local production and consumption.[98][99][100 ... shallow dives while building their oxygen reserves, and then make a sounding dive.[11][45] ... tolerant of water pressure to the heart and brain among other organs; haemoglobin and myoglobin store oxygen in body tissue; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale

This gene seems to pleiotropically lead to other abnormalities like increased metabolism, higher food consumption, accelerated ... which is the protein red blood cells use to carry oxygen throughout the body. Sickle cell anemia occurs when the HBB gene ... increasing the risk of blood clots and possibly depriving vital organs of oxygen.[33] Some complications associated with sickle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiotropic

... ang mga mayroong ang baga ay hindi makakuha ng sapat na oxygen o ang dami ng oxygen ay mas mababa sa 90% ay dapat masopital.[59 ... to use the phrase applied by John Bunyan to consumption.. ... dami ng oxygen).[11] Ang bilis ng paghinga ay maaaring mas ... Zhang, Y; Fang, C; Dong, BR; Wu, T; Deng, JL (14 March 2012). Dong, Bi Rong (pat.). "Oxygen therapy for pneumonia in adults". ... Pinupuno ng pulmonya ang alveoli ng baga ng likido, na humahadlang sa paglalagay ng oxygen sa katawan (oxygenation). Ang ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonya

While most herbal teas are safe for regular consumption, some herbs have toxic or allergenic effects. Among the greatest causes ... Oxygen mask and Nasal cannula. *Oxygen concentrator. *Anaesthetic machine. *Relative analgesia machine ... but does treat them technically as food products and require that they be safe for consumption. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisane

However, its low energy content of 19.7 MJ/kg and stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio of 6.42:1 mean that fuel consumption (on ... The extra water produced also makes the charge rather wet (similar to hydrogen/oxygen combustion engines) and with the ... which is readily oxidized by dissolved oxygen. Also, the methanol can act as an oxidizer: 6 CH3OH + 2 Al → 2 Al(OCH3)3 + 3 H2. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanol_fuel

Critics argue that encouraging consumption might have the unintended effect of spreading harmful species even more widely.[88] ... Zebra mussels outcompete other native organisms for oxygen and food, such as algae. Although the zebra mussel invasion was ... point to the success that Jamaica has had in significantly decreasing the population of lionfish by encouraging the consumption ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_species

15N values increase with meat consumption, and decrease with legume consumption. The 14N/15N ratio could be used to gauge the ... Stable isotope analysis of strontium and oxygen can also be carried out. The amounts of these isotopes vary in different ... The increased consumption of legumes, or animals that eat them, causes 15N in the body to decrease. Nitrogen isotopes in bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioarchaeology

In 2010 Turkey had the highest per capita consumption in the world at 2.7 kg.[95] As of 2013, the per-capita consumption of ... Storage life for all teas can be extended by using desiccant or oxygen-absorbing packets, vacuum sealing, or refrigeration in ... See also: List of countries by tea consumption per capita. Tea is the most popular manufactured drink consumed in the world, ... India is the world's largest tea-drinking nation,[104] although the per capita consumption of tea remains a modest 750 grams ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea

In the United States, Europe, and Japan, consumption of calcium carbide is generally declining.[15] Production levels in the US ... "Abscission: The Role of Ethylene, Ethylene Analogues, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen". Plant Physiol. 43 (8): 1255-1258. doi ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbide

... combustion with an amount of oxygen that is not sufficient to convert the biomass completely to carbon dioxide and water.[26] ... if it is extracted in such a way that the meat and milk can still be used for human and/or animal consumption. ... low in aromatics and sulfur and does not contain oxygen. Hydrogenated oils can be blended with diesel in all proportions. They ... meaning it contains a reduced amount of carbon and higher hydrogen and oxygen content than fossil diesel. This improves the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuels

Oxygen catastrophe: banded iron formations forms. Sleaford Orogeny on Australian continent, Gawler Craton 2,440-2,420 Ma. 2500[ ... starting some time in the past and on the whole defined by anthropogenic carbon emissions and production and consumption of ... First known oxygen-producing bacteria. Oldest definitive microfossils. Oldest cratons on Earth (such as the Canadian Shield and ... Highest-ever atmospheric oxygen levels. Goniatites, brachiopods, bryozoa, bivalves, and corals plentiful in the seas and oceans ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eon_

Data also proposed a decrease in weight gain as a result of increased consumption lessens the risk of developing diabetes type ... Work cooperatively with each other to form haemoglobin for the transport of oxygen on red blood cells (Deen & Hark, 2007) ... and Gorely, T. (2009). Family correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review. ... Development of chronic disease has become closely related to the consumption of fruits and vegetables throughout childhood ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit_and_vegetables_for_kids

... can serve as the oxygen source, but some research has found that with the same flue gas, oxygen gasification is only slightly ... According to the fact sheets U.S. CONSUMPTION OF BIO-ENERGY WITH CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE released in March 2018, the ... The fuel first goes through a gasification process by reacting with oxygen to form a stream of CO and H2, which is syngas. The ... One of the major concerns using this technology to capture carbon dioxide is the parasitic energy consumption.[24] If the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-energy_with_carbon_capture_and_storage

"for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the دگرگشت of اسید لاکتیک in the muscle"[۴۱] ... "for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the ...

https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/فهرست_یهودیان_برنده_جایزه_نوبل

40] Its consumption has led to fluorosis (a form of fluoride poisoning that affects the bones and teeth) in areas of high brick ... Air flow: Regulates the oxygen content surrounding the tea and removes odors from the aging tea. Dank, stagnant air will lead ... All types of pu'er can be stored to mature before consumption, which is why it is commonly labeled with the year and region of ... Cao, J; Zhao, Y; Liu, J (September 1997). "Brick tea consumption as the cause of dental fluorosis among children from Mongol, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu

For lean mixtures a two-stage reaction process has been proposed, which consists of a silane consumption process and a hydrogen ... Low-cost solar photovoltaic module manufacturing has led to substantial consumption of silane for depositing (PECVD) ... Oxygen (molecular). *Phosphorus monoxide. *Phosphorus mononitride. *Potassium chloride. *Silicon carbide. *Silicon mononitride ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silane

Ozone generators are optimised to attract an extra oxygen ion to an O2 molecule, using either a corona discharge tube or UV ... Even the best ionisers will also produce a small amount of ozone-triatomic oxygen, O3-which is unwanted. ... Domestic energy consumption. *Enthalpy. *Fluid dynamics. *Gas compressor. *Heat pump and refrigeration cycle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_ioniser

The hypoxia (absence of oxygen supply) related to OSA may cause changes in the neurons of the hippocampus and the right frontal ... An individual may also experience or exacerbate OSA with the consumption of alcohol, sedatives, or any other medication that ... In the cases where airflow is reduced to a degree where blood oxygen levels fall, or the physical exertion to breathe is too ... As in central apnea, pauses are followed by a relative decrease in blood oxygen and an increase in the blood carbon dioxide. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstructive_sleep_apnea

The increase in antioxidant capacity of blood seen after the consumption of polyphenol-rich (ORAC-rich) foods is not caused ... Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) is a method of measuring antioxidant capacities in biological samples in vitro. A ... Kohri S, Fujii H, Oowada S, Endoh N, Sueishi Y, Kusakabe M, Shimmei M, Kotake Y (2009). "An oxygen radical absorbance capacity- ... "Withdrawn: Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) of Selected Foods, Release 2 (2010)". United States Department of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_radical_absorbance_capacity

The high temperatures inside the cylinder cause the diesel fuel to react with the oxygen in the mix (burn or oxidize), heating ... The U.S. annual consumption of diesel fuel in 2006 was about 190 billion litres (42 billion imperial gallons or 50 billion US ... Unsaturated fatty acids are the source for the lower oxidation stability; they react with oxygen and form peroxides and result ... Modern diesel engines (Euro 6 & US EPA standards) use exhaust gas recirculation into the intakes to reduce excess oxygen ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_fuel

... oxygen, but at 100% relative humidity the air is 20.4% oxygen), flue gas fans must intake air at a higher rate than would ... or a molecule of oxygen (M ≈ 32). About 78% of the molecules in dry air are nitrogen (N2). Another 21% of the molecules in dry ... because humidity reduces ambient oxygen concentrations (dry air is typically 20.9% ... Domestic energy consumption. *Enthalpy. *Fluid dynamics. *Gas compressor. *Heat pump and refrigeration cycle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_humidity

The simplest version of a carbohydrate is a monosaccharide which contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio under a ... Comprising 75% of the biological world and 80% of all food intake for human consumption, the most common known human ... oxygen, and some sulfur, they also may contain iron, copper, phosphorus, or zinc. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry_of_food

... low fluid consumption;[19] and, at least for men, a high intake of carbohydrate, a high glycemic load, and high glycemic index ... "Reactive Oxygen Species and the Hypomotility of the Gall Bladder as Targets for the Treatment of Gallstones with Melatonin: A ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallstones

Mitochondria OXPHOS Oxygen consumption Toxicity Respiration Polarimetry Oxygen-sensitive probes Toxicity Drug safety testing ... Hynes J., Swiss R.L., Will Y. (2018) High-Throughput Analysis of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption. In: Palmeira C., Moreno A. ( ... Here we describe a methodology to assist in such investigations whereby the oxygen consumption of isolated mitochondria is ... Hynes J, Hill R, Papkovsky DB (2006) The use of a fluorescence-based oxygen uptake assay in the analysis of cytotoxicity. ...

https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-4939-7831-1_4

This physiological effect is called excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, or EPOC. ACE Certified pro Pete McCall explains ... This physiological effect is called excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, or EPOC. Also known as oxygen debt, EPOC is the ... Once a steady-state of oxygen consumption is achieved, the aerobic energy pathways are able to provide most of the ATP needed ... Bersheim, E. and Bahr, R. (2003). Effect of exercise intensity, duration and mode on post-exercise oxygen consumption. Sports ...

https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/professional/expert-articles/5008/7-things-to-know-about-excess-post-exercise-oxygen-consumption-epoc?utm_source=Rakuten&utm_medium=10&ranMID=42334&ranEAID=TnL5HPStwNw&ranSiteID=TnL5HPStwNw-62s0vucpZFLntqsgHoU2OA

... M. V. Miniaev, M. B. Belyakova, N. V. Kostiuk, and D. V. Leshchenko ... A. A. Shpakov and L. F. Panchenko, "Nature of the effect "rapid oxygen consumption" during the introduction of tissue ... E. N. Kotova and I. S. Rotenberg, "Nature of rapid oxygen consumption by mitochondria following their placement in a ... E. Gnaiger, "Bioenergetics at low oxygen: dependence of respiration and phosphorylation on oxygen and adenosine diphosphate ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijelc/2011/376750/ref/

These two systems work together to allow metabolism to occur in all systems throughout the body by delivering oxygen and ... Oxygen Consumption Oxygen consumption, abbreviated VO2, is a measure of the volume of oxygen used by the body. VO2, as ... Decreasing Oxygen Consumption Diseases of the cardiovascular system tend to cause a decrease in oxygen consumption that limits ... According to Levine, oxygen consumption is limited to a greater extent by oxygen delivery rather than oxygen extraction. This ...

https://www.livestrong.com/article/139906-heart-rate-oxygen-consumption/

Zarir Udwadia discusses the struggle to provide enough oxygen to residents in rural India during the second, deadlier wave of ... Oxygen Consumption in Rural Areas June 21, 2021 - Dr. Zarir Udwadia discusses the struggle to provide enough oxygen to ...

https://asiasociety.org/video/hindi-covid-19-oxygen-consumption-rural-areas

2003) The Effects of Food Intake on Muscle Oxygen Consumption. In: Thorniley M., Harrison D.K., James P.E. (eds) Oxygen ... Bahr, R., and Sejersted, O. M., 1991, Effect of feeding and fasting on excess postexercise oxygen consumption, J App/ Physiol ... The Effects of Food Intake on Muscle Oxygen Consumption. Noninvasive Measurement Using NIRS ... Effects of epinephrine and lactate on the increase in oxygen consumption of nonexercising skeletal muscle after aerobic ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4757-6125-2_39

OXYGEN CONSUMPTION, OXYGEN DEBT AND LACTIC ACID IN CIRCULATORY FAILURE Jonathan Meakins and C. N. H. Long Department of ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/100123/version/1

Patients with septic shock require higher levels of oxygen deli ... attention to the concept of supply-dependent consumption and ... Oxygen Consumption*. Shock, Septic / metabolism*, physiopathology, therapy. From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. ... Previous Document: Oxygen transport in cardiogenic and septic shock.. Next Document: Oxygen transport measurements to evaluate ... When DO2 is inadequate, peripheral tissues switch to anaerobic metabolism and oxygen consumption decreases. The lactic acidosis ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Oxygen-consumption-in-sepsis-septic/2026029.html

Vo2, oxygen consumption, Vco2, carbon dioxide production, EE, energy expenditure, SNAP, score for neonatal acute physiology, IL ... Oxygen consumption and resting metabolic rate in sepsis, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock. Crit Care Med.1993;21 :1012- 1019. ... Effect of Sepsis Syndrome on Neonatal Oxygen Consumption and Energy Expenditure. Jacqueline Bauer, Roland Hentschel, Otwin ... Effect of Sepsis Syndrome on Neonatal Oxygen Consumption and Energy Expenditure Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a ...

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/110/6/e69

By utilizing a novel technique to measure oxygen consumption rate from whole living tissue, we demonstrate that treatment of ... induces a rapid and transient increase of oxygen consumption rate. In addition, our study indicates that the rate increase is ... Oxygen consumption assay in whole tissue. Oxygen consumption rate from whole tissue was measured as previously described28. In ... A) Representative oxygen level changes showing decreased oxygen levels due to oxygen head consumption in control and SB treated ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-22674-2/?error=cookies_not_supported&code=f0616909-c033-48dc-9f7d-f85aed81a1b5

A research review on the monster Laforgia paper on Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption in response to different types of ... Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption and Exercise. April 11, 2008. August 16, 2015. by lylemcd ... Effects of exercise intensity and duration on the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. J Sports Sci. 2006 Dec;24(12):1247- ... a bout of exercise is associated with an elevation in metabolism referred to as the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption ( ...

https://bodyrecomposition.com/research-review/research-review-effects-of-exercise-intensity-and-duration-on-the-excess-post-exercise-oxygen-consumption.html/

Left anterior descending coronary artery blood flow and oxygen extraction ... 1929625 - Inotropic stimulation and oxygen consumption in a canine model of dilated cardiomyopathy.. 7453225 - Extending the ... Coronary reactive hyperemia and vasodilator reserve, and regional myocardial oxygen consumption were determined. Three ... myocardial oxygen consumption and did not impair the normal relation between coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Oxygen-consumption-coronary-reactivity-in/2909305.html

The following keywords were used, resistance exercise and postexercise oxygen consumption or postexercise energy expenditure or ... G. A. Gaesser and G. A. Brooks, "Metabolic bases of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption: a review," Medicine and Science in ... D. L. Elliot, L. Goldberg, and K. S. Kuehl, "Effect of resistance training on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption," The ... T. S. Olds and P. J. Abernethy, "Postexercise oxygen consumption following heavy and light resistance exercise," The Journal of ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2013/825026/

The effects of altered arterial tensions of carbon dioxide and oxygen on cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption of ... 1999) Linear coupling between cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in activated human cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: ... Nonlinear coupling between cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, and ATP production in human visual cortex. Ai-Ling Lin, ... This agrees with the observation that oxygen consumption remains elevated during the postactivation period after CBF and CBV ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/107/18/8446.long

... is associated with the consumption of 260kg of molecular oxygen (O2) per year, which is equal to 29.659gr of oxygen per hour. ... If we multiply this figure by 750, we arrive at an oxygen consumption equal to that of 337,500,000,000 people, about 67.5 x the ... Energy, Oxygen Consumption and Production. From "Coats & Schauberger - Living Energies - Viktor Schaubergers Brilliant Work ... Extrapolated world-wide in relation to total world consumption of oxygen and the rapid eradication of the worlds forests, the ...

https://100777.com/node/1278

This persistent increase in metabolism is where excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) comes into play. ... Stage 3: Longer term energy needs oxygen. A small drop in blood oxygen levels triggers a complex set of responses that has you ... "excess post-exercise oxygen consumption" (EPOC) for boosting your metabolic rate and burning more calories for hours afterwards ... The new oxygen in your blood passes into the muscles within the first few minutes of exercise and allows you to start ...

https://www.lesmills.com/uk/fit-planet/fitness/feel-the-afterburn/

Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption boosts your metabolic rate, helping burn more calories for hours after your workout. ... This persistent increase in metabolism is where excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) comes into play. ... Stage 3: Longer term energy needs oxygen. A small drop in blood oxygen levels triggers a complex set of responses that has you ... "excess post-exercise oxygen consumption" (EPOC) for boosting your metabolic rate and burning more calories for hours afterwards ...

https://www.lesmills.com/nordic/fit-planet/fitness/hiit-epoc/

Mitochondrial oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen species production are independently modulated: implications for aging ... But this is based on the erroneous assumption that increasing O2 consumption must increase the rate of mitochondrial oxygen ... reactive oxygen species generation can also vary between tissues in a way not linked to their differences in oxygen consumption ... Mitochondrial oxygen radical generation is also lower in long-lived birds than in short-lived mammals of similar body size and ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17523876?dopt=Abstract

This calculator calculates oxygen consumption when C.O is given. ... Oxygen Consumption(VO2 Max) is the maximum capacity of an ... individuals body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise, which reflects the physical fitness of the ... Maximum oxygen consumption C.O = Cardiac Output HGB = Hemoglobin SaO2 = Oxygen saturation(arterial blood) SvO2 = Oxygen ... Oxygen Consumption(VO2 Max) is the maximum capacity of an individuals body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental ...

https://www.easycalculation.com/medical/oxygen-consumption.php

Excessive post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) 1. Oxygen reserves of myoglobin (oxygen storage molecule in muscle) 2. Lactic ... a) Excessive post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). 1. Oxygen reserves of myoglobin (oxygen storage molecule in muscle). 2. ...

https://www.majortests.com/essay/Notes-On-Oxygen-Consumption-607619.html

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE WATER CONTENT AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE ORGANISM ... THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE WATER CONTENT AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE ORGANISM ... THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE WATER CONTENT AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE ORGANISM ... THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE WATER CONTENT AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE ORGANISM ...

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/75/1950/520

The purpose of the study was to test the assumption that oxygen consumption stimulated by exposing alveolar macrophages to ... Cytochrome-c inhibited zymosan induced oxygen consumption by 40 percent. Cytochalasin-B stimulated zymosan induced oxygen ... The effects on oxygen consumption were monitored. Rat alveolar macrophages were treated with 0 or 0.1mg/ml zymosan and 0 or ... Oxygen consumption and release of hydrogen-peroxide and O2- by the suspensions was monitored. The time course and dose response ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00184745.html

Abstract 10900: Persistent Alterations in Energy Metabolism and Oxygen Consumption Following Cardiac Arrest. Koichiro Shinozaki ... Abstract 10900: Persistent Alterations in Energy Metabolism and Oxygen Consumption Following Cardiac Arrest ... Abstract 10900: Persistent Alterations in Energy Metabolism and Oxygen Consumption Following Cardiac Arrest ... Abstract 10900: Persistent Alterations in Energy Metabolism and Oxygen Consumption Following Cardiac Arrest ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/Suppl_3/A10900

Expanded studies looking into the mechanism of how heat tolerance and postmortem mitochondrial oxygen consumption may impact ... Interpretive Summary: Mitochondrial oxygen consumption in early postmortem permeabilized skeletal muscle fibers is influenced ... and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of the Longissimus lumborum muscle. Results found no differences based on temperature, ...

https://www.asas.org/taking-stock/blog-post/taking-stock/2020/03/23/interpretive-summary-mitochondrial-oxygen-consumption-is-influenced-by-cattle-breed

... oxygen consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in adult transgenic and ocean-ranched coho salmon". Journal of ... Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC, informally called afterburn) is a measurably increased rate of oxygen intake ... "The effect of exercise intensity and duration on the oxygen deficit and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption". European ... Post-exercise oxygen consumption replenishes the phosphagen system. New ATP is synthesized and some of this ATP donates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excess_post-exercise_oxygen_consumption

blood flow (BF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and oxygen consumption (. tMRO. 2. )33 (1). tMRO. 2. =. (. OEF. ). (. BF. ) ... Previous measurements of skin oxygen consumption using oxygen electrodes recorded an average dermal respiration rate of 1470. ... Tissue metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (. tMRO. 2. ) property maps. The images along the top are maps of tMRO. 2. in mM/s ... 48 In comparison cSFDI yields average baseline skin oxygen consumption rates of 3.0. ×. 10. −. 4. mM. /. s. (Table 1), which ...

https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-03/036013/Quantitative-real-time-optical-imaging-of-the-tissue-metabolic-rate/10.1117/1.JBO.23.3.036013.full

OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IS A GOOD GUIDE TO YOUR PHYSICAL FITNESS. MEASURING OXYGEN CONSUMPTION. By Matt Brzycki,. Assistant Director ... Oxygen consumption: Relative. Oxygen consumption can also be expressed in relative terms of liters per minute (L/min). ... oxygen consumption of 28.06 ml/kg/min minus the actual oxygen consumption of 22.45 ml/kg/min divided by the expected oxygen ... Comparing the expected oxygen consumption to the actual oxygen consumption is helpful in determining whether a person has any ...

https://www.collegesportsscholarships.com/measure-oxygen-consumption.htm

Effects of sevoflurane, propofol, and adjunct nitrous oxide on regional cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, and blood ... awake) in the oxygen extraction fraction was seen. Adding of N2O did not alter the rCBV effects of sevoflurane and propofol ... 15O-labeled water, oxygen, and carbon monoxide were used as positron emission tomography tracers to determine rCBF, rCMRO2 and ... S+N especially reduced the oxygen extraction fraction, suggesting disturbed flow-activity coupling in humans at a moderate ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12960544

Find Complete Details about Low Power Consumption Medical Oxygen Generator PSA Automated Operation,Medical Grade Oxygen ... Generator,Medical Oxygen Generating Systems & Accessories Supplier or Factory - Suzhou since gas system co.,ltd in China. ... Discover the best Low Power Consumption Medical Oxygen Generator PSA Automated Operation factory in China, ... Low Power Consumption Medical Oxygen Generator PSA Automated Operation Low Power Consumption Medical Oxygen Generator PSA ...

http://www.hfcletter.com/pz664eba1-cz58d2c81-low-power-consumption-medical-oxygen-generator-psa-automated-operation.html

Hynes J, Hill R, Papkovsky DB (2006) The use of a fluorescence-based oxygen uptake assay in the analysis of cytotoxicity. (springer.com)
Main Outcome Measures: Ventilatory oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate were measured by computerized breath-by-breath analysis and electrocardiography. (gu.se)
Although some studies have suggested that the contribution of RT to increase EE would be due to the exercise session alone [ 8 , 9 ], others indicated that a higher oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) after the end of exercise would also play an important role [ 5 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
citation needed] However, direct and indirect calorimeter experiments have definitively disproven any association of lactate metabolism as causal to an elevated oxygen uptake. (wikipedia.org)
When these larvae have access to air, aerial oxygen uptake averages 16.6% of total oxygen consumption in normoxic water, and increases to 100% of net oxygen consumption in hypoxic water. (biologists.org)
A plateau in oxygen consumption ( o 2 ) is the primary means of confirming that maximal oxygen uptake ( o 2 max ) is attained during incremental exercise to fatigue. (bmj.com)
The larval and pupal Douglas-fir beetles, collected in February 1970, had lower oxygen uptake levels at 10°, 20° and 30°C than did the adults, but the proportional changes in these uptake levels were not significantly different. (oregonstate.edu)
Dendroctonus pseudotsugae, D. ponderosae and D. valens, collected in November 1969, had different levels of oxygen uptake at the three experimental temperatures, but the proportional changes in the log oxygen uptakes with changing temperature were not significantly different. (oregonstate.edu)
The oxygen uptake levels of the larval D. ponderosae were not significantly different than those of the adults. (oregonstate.edu)
O 2 , as measured by analysis of expired gases, is usually limited by the rate of oxygen delivery, and not by the rate of uptake/utilization in the muscle ( Bassett and Howley, 2000 ). (frontiersin.org)
92 , 17-34], we analyse the effect of several factors on the oxygen-uptake kinetics, especially on the oxygen consumption rate ( V o 2 ) and half-transition time t 1/2 , at the onset of exercise in skeletal muscles. (portlandpress.com)
This model allowed for the further investigation of oxygen transport in the cornea, including a better mathematical description and a determination of the transport properties of the cornea and the specific oxygen uptake rate of the tissue. (arvojournals.org)
The combination of this model and tear oxygen tension measurements can be useful in determining the individual oxygen uptake rate and exploring the relationship between oxygen transport and corneal abnormalities. (arvojournals.org)
Hydrogen while remaining essentially ineffective insofar as oxygen uptake was concerned, depressed glycolysis in both liver and brain slices but did not significantly affect sarcoma slices. (rupress.org)
Peak oxygen uptake (PkVO 2 ) measured during exercise not only allows accurate evaluation of exercise capacity, but also has been shown to be a strong independent predictor of survival in chronic heart failure (1,2) . (onlinejacc.org)
Peak oxygen uptake is traditionally corrected for total body weight and is reported in milliliters per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min). (onlinejacc.org)
For the fist time the mitochondrial process of oxidative phosphorylation has been studied by determining the extent and initial rates of electron flow, H + translocation, O 2 uptake and ATP synthesis under close to in vivo concentrations of oxygen. (medsci.org)
6 Oxygen carrying capacity is reduced by anemia, which in turn, limits an individual's peak oxygen uptake, ability to perform exercise, and time to exhaustion, especially in ESRD. (asnjournals.org)
Oxygen uptake can be thought of as a cascade of oxygen from the lung to the blood pumped by the heart to the working tissues, where it is used to perform physical work. (asnjournals.org)
Anemia is typically treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), which partially normalize renal anemia, improve quality of life and cognitive function, 11 , 12 reduce left ventricular hypertrophy, 13 and modestly increase peak oxygen uptake relative to the increase in hematocrit. (asnjournals.org)
14 Likewise, intradialytic exercise training also increases peak oxygen uptake 15 , 16 and has additional cardioprotective benefits. (asnjournals.org)
Initial observations of the effects of gamma radiation on oxygen consumption, 32P uptake and phycobiont of Cladonia sylvatica (L.) Hoffm. (usda.gov)
Measurement of oxygen uptake by thoracic and abdominal segments of rat aorta showed significantly lower rates in the abdominal than in the thoracic aorta of adult animals. (rupress.org)

However, its impact on excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is yet to be defined. (hindawi.com)
In the recovery period after exercise there is an increase in VO 2 termed the "excess postexercise oxygen consumption" (EPOC). (hindawi.com)
J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3090-3097, 2016-Higher excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) and sprint interval exercise (SIE) may contribute to greater fat loss sometimes reported after interval training compared with continuous steady-state exercise (SSE) training. (ovid.com)
Excess postexercise oxygen consumption after SIE and HIE is unlikely to account for the greater fat loss per unit EE associated with SIE and HIE training reported in the literature. (ovid.com)

These two systems work together to allow metabolism to occur in all systems throughout the body by delivering oxygen and removing wastes. (livestrong.com)
Patients with septic shock require higher levels of oxygen delivery (DO2) to maintain aerobic metabolism. (biomedsearch.com)
When DO2 is inadequate, peripheral tissues switch to anaerobic metabolism and oxygen consumption decreases. (biomedsearch.com)
Recovery from a bout of exercise is associated with an elevation in metabolism referred to as the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). (bodyrecomposition.com)
These results indicate that ( i ) the energy demand of task-induced brain activation is small (approximately 15%) relative to the hyperemic response (approximately 60%), ( ii ) this energy demand is met through oxidative metabolism, and ( iii ) the CBF response is mediated by factors other than oxygen demand. (pnas.org)
Fox and colleagues suggested that ( i ) the energy demand associated with neuronal activation (as opposed to resting-state demand) is small (approximately 8% maximum possible increase in ATP consumption), ( ii ) the activation-induced increases in ATP consumption are from both oxidative and nonoxidative glycolysis, and ( iii ) CBF response must be regulated by factors other than oxidative metabolism and total energy demand. (pnas.org)
The new oxygen in your blood passes into the muscles within the first few minutes of exercise and allows you to start generating energy by a process known as aerobic metabolism. (lesmills.com)
The classical "oxygen debt" hypothesis formulated by Hill and associates in the 1920s was an attempt to link the metabolism of lactic acid with the O2 consumption in excess of resting that occurs after exercise. (nih.gov)
The measurement of oxygen extraction (VCO2), carbon dioxide excretion (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ), reflect the energy metabolism and may provide insight into the post-arrest metabolism. (ahajournals.org)
5. - 6 In cancer, for example, abnormal metabolism fuels rapid cellular growth while maintaining relative insensitivity to oxygen supply. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
Consequently, elevated kidney metabolism results in decreased tissue oxygen tension. (nih.gov)
O 2 including: pulmonary diffusion, cardiovascular function (predominantly capacity to increase cardiac output, but also capacity for transport and exchange via the peripheral macro- and micro-circulation), the capacity for oxygen carrying in the blood, and cellular energy metabolism and mitochondrial function ( Bassett and Howley, 2000 ). (frontiersin.org)
Altered cellular metabolism plays an important role in many diseases, not least in many forms of cancer, where cellular metabolic pathways requiring lower oxygen consumption are often favored (the so-called Warburg effect). (diva-portal.org)
Taken together, our imaging approach is widely applicable and capable of detecting subtle changes in oxygen consumption in live cells, stemming from the Warburg effect or reflecting other differences in the cellular metabolism. (diva-portal.org)
Oxygen consumption was tightly correlated to swimming effort during the first 12 h of swimming indicating that swimming is powered predominantly by aerobic metabolism. (biologists.org)
Oxygen measurements in immobilised honeybees, therefore, are neither suited to determine the basal rate of oxygen metabolism nor to estimate the energy turnover of highly active, freely moving individuals. (schweizerbart.de)
Consequently, it is not sufficient to evaluate the energy metabolism of the cell by only determining the H + /O ratio in oxygen-pulse experiments [ 2 ] or the amount of O 2 consumed under state-3 metabolic conditions [ 3 ]. (medsci.org)
This strategy of combining hypofractionated radiotherapy with metabolic reprogramming to inhibit anaerobic metabolism may increase the efficacy of HD-SFRT through increased oxygen consumption and complementary killing of radiosensitive and hypoxic, radioresistant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Background & Aims: It is unclear whether patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) have disturbed brain oxygen metabolism and blood flow. (elsevier.com)
Conclusions: The observations imply that reduced cerebral oxygen consumption and blood flow in cirrhotic patients with an acute episode of overt HE are associated with HE and not cirrhosis as such, and that the primary event in the pathogenesis of HE could be inhibition of cerebral energy metabolism by increased blood ammonia. (elsevier.com)

This physiological effect is called excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, or EPOC. (acefitness.org)
Also known as oxygen debt, EPOC is the amount of oxygen required to restore your body to its normal, resting level of metabolic function (called homeostasis). (acefitness.org)
Exercise that places a greater demand on the anaerobic energy pathways during the workout can increase the need for oxygen after the workout, thereby enhancing the EPOC effect. (acefitness.org)
However, even those studies incorporating exercise stimuli resulting in prolonged EPOC durations have identified that the EPOC comprises only 6-15% of the net total oxygen cost of the exercise. (bodyrecomposition.com)
You can thank "excess post-exercise oxygen consumption" (EPOC) for boosting your metabolic rate and burning more calories for hours afterwards. (lesmills.com)
Use of alternative terms, e.g., "excess post-exercise oxygen consumption" (EPOC) and "recovery O2," will avoid implication of causality in describing the elevation in metabolic rate above resting levels after exercise. (nih.gov)
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC, informally called afterburn) is a measurably increased rate of oxygen intake following strenuous activity. (wikipedia.org)
In recovery, oxygen (EPOC) is used in the processes that restore the body to a resting state and adapt it to the exercise just performed. (wikipedia.org)
EPOC is accompanied by an elevated consumption of fuel. (wikipedia.org)
This is referred to as excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, or EPOC . (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)

Thus, in the intact awake animal postischemic myocardial contractile dysfunction was not associated with decreased myocardial oxygen consumption and did not impair the normal relation between coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen utilization. (biomedsearch.com)
The finding of a lowered RQ has not be described previously, appears to be driven by increased VO2, and may be due to non-CO2 generating oxygen utilization. (ahajournals.org)
8 In this situation, tissue is known to downregulate oxygen utilization in response to chronically low oxygen tension. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that brain oxygen utilization may be adversely affected by hypoperfusion resulting from the use of vasopressor therapy to restore blood pressure after hemorrhage. (sages.org)
The novelty of this new approach is best illustrated by a case-comparison between two subjects, who performed nearly equivalent absolute (11 vs 10 kg) and relative work (20%), and yet achieved strikingly different levels of oxygen utilization during exercise (ΔrmO 2 = 307% vs. 214%, Case A vs. Case B respectively). (wku.edu)

Left anterior descending coronary artery blood flow and oxygen extraction, aortic and left ventricular pressures, and regional myocardial segment shortening were determined. (biomedsearch.com)
Coronary reactive hyperemia and vasodilator reserve, and regional myocardial oxygen consumption were determined. (biomedsearch.com)
Despite this decrease in contractile function, left anterior descending artery flow (19.6 +/- 2.6 vs. 18.4 +/- 3.0 ml/min), myocardial blood flow and the transmural distribution of flow measured with microspheres, and regional myocardial oxygen consumption were unchanged. (biomedsearch.com)
Relation between maximum time-varying elastance pressure-volume areas and myocardial oxygen consumption in dogs. (ahajournals.org)
We conclude that the Emax PVAs calculated using data acquisition techniques that are clinically applicable have relations with MVO2 that in general do not improve on other indexes of myocardial oxygen demand in this animal preparation. (ahajournals.org)
Myocardial oxygen consumption in aortic valve disease with and without left ventricular dysfunction. (bmj.com)
Whole-body O2 consumption and indirect measurements of myocardial O2 consumption [heart rate and rate pressure product (RPP)] were assessed. (prohealth.com)
Devices and methods for improving cardiac efficiency involve measuring, patient-internally, an oxygen saturation parameter indicative of oxygen usage of myocardial tissue of the heart. (google.com)
The relationship between myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and the total pressure-volume area (PVA), which represents the total mechanical work performed during a cardiac cycle, has been shown to be linear and independent of loading conditions: MVO2=aPVA+b. (semanticscholar.org)
Dynamic changes of myocardial oxygen consumption at pacing increased heart rate - the first observation by the continuous measurement of systemic oxygen consumption. (semanticscholar.org)
Myocardial contractile efficiency and oxygen cost of contractility are preserved during transition from compensated hypertrophy to failure in rats with salt-sensitive hypertension. (semanticscholar.org)
Comparison between the effects of 2-3 butanedione monoxime (BDM) and calcium chloride on myocardial oxygen consumption. (semanticscholar.org)

All this indicates that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is not a simple byproduct of mitochondrial respiration. (nih.gov)
If tadpoles are prevented from surfacing to breathe air, they can maintain normal oxygen consumption through aquatic respiration alone in normoxic water, but not in hypoxic water. (biologists.org)
The Rate of Oxygen Consumption of Germinating and Non-Germinating Seeds 2009-03-06 Oxygen consumption in Germinating and Non-germinating Pea Seeds Purpose: To find out and compare the cellular respiration rate at different temperature by using germinating and non-germinating pea seeds. (markedbyteachers.com)
Open-ﬂow respirometry is a useful, physiologically relevant approach that allows for the measurement of mitochondrial respiration rates at dynamic steady-state oxygen concentrations 1,2 . (bmglabtech.com)
Jinapang, 2010) The oxygen produced during respiration is used to convert stored nutrients in the seed into energy that the seed uses to sprout. (coursehero.com)

The observation that the stimulus-evoked increase in glucose consumption observed with PET is at least partially nonoxidative (i.e., lactate-producing) has been confirmed with 1 H NMR spectroscopic (MRS) measurements of tissue lactate concentration ([Lac]) ( 8 , 9 ). (pnas.org)
In rho zero cells, where the ETC is deleted (and there is no glycerophosphate shuttle) and glycolysis is the sole source of ATP production, cell surface oxygen consumption has to supply NAD+ in direct proportion to how much pyruvate is lost to anabolism rather than being used to supply NAD+ via lactate generation. (blogspot.com)
Energy turnover in the isolated rat portal vein was investigated by measurement of oxygen consumption (JO2) and lactate production (JLA) under simultaneous recording of mechanical activity. (lu.se)
Bioenergetic models are used in cycling to estimate the acute physiological response in terms of oxygen consumption ( ${\dot{\text{V}}}$ O 2 ) and lactate concentration ([La]). First, our aim is to review the bioenergetic modelling literature, presenting historical evolution of concepts, techniques and related limitations. (springer.com)
Recovery duration had no effect on mean work interval power output, heart rate, oxygen consumption, blood lactate, and rating of perceived exertion. (humankinetics.com)
Targeting HIF-1α reduced lactate content, and increased both oxygen consumption and hypoxic fraction in these tumors after exposure to short-term continuous hypoxia. (biomedcentral.com)

Here we describe a methodology to assist in such investigations whereby the oxygen consumption of isolated mitochondria is assessed in a high-throughput fashion using a phosphorescent oxygen-sensitive probe, standard microtiter plates, and plate reader detection. (springer.com)
The nature of these differences suggests that these concentrations of GTN do not release free NO but probably a different species that, although it interacts with soluble guanylyl cyclase in vascular smooth muscle, does not inhibit O 2 consumption by vascular mitochondria. (ahajournals.org)
The gold standard assessment of the maximal efficiency of these systems to integratively transport oxygen (O 2 ) from the atmosphere into metabolically active mitochondria (termed the O 2 cascade) is maximal (VO 2max ) or peak (VO 2peak ) oxygen consumption. (onlinejacc.org)

The tissue metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (tMRO2) is a clinically relevant marker for a number of pathologies including cancer and arterial occlusive disease. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
The authors quantified the effects of sevoflurane and propofol as sole anesthetics and in combination with N2O on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), metabolic rate of oxygen (rCMRO2), and blood volume (rCBV) in the living human brain using positron emission tomography. (nih.gov)
Tissue-level metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO 2 ) in BAT was determined and used to calculate the contribution of activated BAT to DEE. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Effects of exercise intensity and duration on the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. (bodyrecomposition.com)

Heart rate is a determining factor of oxygen consumption. (livestrong.com)
Without the increase in heart rate, oxygen delivery, and therefore oxygen consumption, is limited. (livestrong.com)
While heart rate plays an integral role in oxygen consumption, stroke volume, the second factor of oxygen delivery, has been shown to have a much greater effect on VO2. (livestrong.com)
By utilizing a novel technique to measure oxygen consumption rate from whole living tissue, we demonstrate that treatment of whole living fly heads by the HDAC/KDAC inhibitors sodium butyrate and Trichostatin A, induces a rapid and transient increase of oxygen consumption rate. (nature.com)
At a consumption rate of 0.26 tonnes O2 per annum per person, this is sufficient to keep 824,868,073 people alive for 1 year. (100777.com)
Based on Canadian figures for conifer forests, the number of hectares required to produce sufficient oxygen to satisfy the above combined demand at a production rate of 10.0619 tonnes of O2 per hectare = 21,740,990ha or 217,410km2. (100777.com)
But this is based on the erroneous assumption that increasing O2 consumption must increase the rate of mitochondrial oxygen radical generation. (nih.gov)
Mitochondrial oxygen radical generation is also lower in long-lived birds than in short-lived mammals of similar body size and metabolic rate. (nih.gov)
The parameters evaluated included expression of various mitochondrial proteins, citrate synthase (CS) activity, and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of the Longissimus lumborum muscle. (asas.org)
This allows for measurement of various physiological responses, including the amount of expired air, heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature - all of which can help determine the amount of oxygen being consumed. (collegesportsscholarships.com)
In healthy people, maximal oxygen consumption ( o 2 max ), the maximal rate of oxygen consumption by active muscle during exercise to fatigue, is an index of endurance performance as well as a measure of maximal cardiopulmonary function. (bmj.com)
This report provides a revised approach for calculating an individual's ventilation rate directly from their oxygen consumption rate. (epa.gov)
This report, Metabolically Derived Human Ventilation Rates: A Revised Approach Based Upon Oxygen Consumption Rates Report presents a revised approach which calculates ventilation rates directly from an individual's oxygen consumption rate, and applies this method to data provided from more recent sources including the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and EPA's Consolidated Human Activity Database (CHAD). (epa.gov)
This results in decreased oxygen consumption and heart rate of a user wearing the exoskeleton. (freepatentsonline.com)
Event-Associated Oxygen Consumption Rate Increases ca. (mdpi.com)
2. In the first group ( n = 7), vasopressin was infused at a rate of 18.5 pmol min −1 kg −1 while the animals were breathing 10% oxygen. (clinsci.org)
Intra-arterial infusions of vasopressin that increased venous concentrations as much as or more than systemic infusion of 0.92 pmol of vasopressin min −1 kg −1 had no effect on oxygen consumption, even though the higher intra-arterial rate reduced blood flow and oxygen delivery as much as the systemic infusion. (clinsci.org)
Streeter I, Cheema U. Oxygen consumption rate of cells in 3D culture: the use of experiment and simulation to measure kinetic parameters and optimise culture conditions. (harvard.edu)
P.4016 right column 2nd paragraph: 'For HDFs [Human dermal fibroblasts], the average value of Vm [oxygen consumption rate constant] over the time period shown in Fig. 2b is 1.19×10^−17 mol/cell/sec. (harvard.edu)
List 5 factors that might influence the rate of oxygen or carbon dioxide production or consumption in leaves. (enotes.com)
List five factors that might influence the rate of oxygen (or carbon dioxide) production or consumption in leaves. (enotes.com)
The ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VIO2, which equals VI divided by VO2) increased with age, and was similar to normal values for ventilation at 1.01/min VO2 obtained by workers who used multiple work rate tests on more complex equipment. (bmj.com)
In addition, the fish oil supplementation lowered steady-state submaximal exercise heart rate, whole-body O2 consumption, and RPP (P (prohealth.com)
Heart rate and oxygen consumption during one training session for one subject. (zanran.com)
Below outlines general heart rate-oxygen consumption-energy expenditure values for a typical adult male. (zanran.com)
The heart rate/oxygen consumption relationship during cold exposure of the king penguin: a comparison with that during exercise -- Froget et al. (zanran.com)
Effects of reduced salinity on the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the ammonia-N excretion rate (AER) of scallop Chlamys farreri (3.2-5.9 cm in shell height, 0.147-1.635 g in soft tissue dry weight) were studied in laboratory from March 21, 1997 to April 16, 1997. (springer.com)
The gas increased the rate of oxygen consumption in all three tissues and significantly depressed that of anaerobic glycolysis in brain and liver. (rupress.org)
The current technologies used to assess mitochondrial function via extracellular acidiﬁcation (ECA) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) are often designed in such a way that they ignore the impact of O 2 concentration on cellular bioenergetics. (bmglabtech.com)
In active bees the oxygen consumption rate was higher and related to the degree of activity and ambient temperature. (schweizerbart.de)
Fish oil reduces heart rate and oxygen consumption during exercise" by Gregory E. Peoples, Peter L. McLennan et al. (edu.au)
In addition, the FO supplementation lowered steady-state submaximal exercise heart rate, whole-body O2 consumption, and RPP (P (edu.au)
Maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2 max) represents the highest rate at which oxygen can be consumed and utilized to produce energy sustaining aerobic activity. (thesportjournal.org)
The rate of oxygen consumption was calculated using the unit mL of oxygen consumed per hour, divided by the weight of the organism. (coursehero.com)
95% of maximal oxygen consumption, maximal minute power output, and maximal heart rate, during the 6 × 4- and 3 × 8-minute HIIT sessions. (humankinetics.com)
A metric that is commonly used to determine the hypoxia tolerance of fishes is the determination of animal oxygen consumption rate (MO2), which is thought to reflect the ability of an organism to extract oxygen from the environment to maintain routine metabolic rate as dissolved oxygen (DO) decreases. (auburn.edu)
The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in each cell line in response to in vitro hypoxia was measured using an extracellular flux analyzer. (biomedcentral.com)
Maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max in nmol mm−3 s−1) of muscle preparations at physiological temperature from various species plotted against the cross-sectional area (in μm2) of the muscle cells in the preparation. (nih.gov)
Since your oxygen is being used up at a higher rate, it also means you're still burning a higher amount of energy. (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)
Your heart rate and breath rate are quickly returning to normal, and it needs energy to do this, as well, and more energy means more oxygen. (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)
The rate of oxygen consumption is a vital marker indicating cellular function during lifetime under normal or metabolically challenged conditions. (bio-protocol.org)

Various recent investigations relevant to the study of aging mechanisms have recently found that increases in longevity during dietary restriction can occur together with lack of decreases or even increases in O2 consumption. (nih.gov)
Strong decreases in absolute and relative (per unit of O2 consumed) mitochondrial oxygen radical production occur during aerobic exercise bouts, chronic exercise training, and hyperthyroidism, and notably, during dietary restriction. (nih.gov)
Systemic vasopressin infusions at 0.92, 4.6 and 18.5 pmol min −1 kg −1 reduced hindquarter blood flow, oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption, but the decreases in blood flow and oxygen delivery were dose-related whereas that in oxygen consumption was not. (clinsci.org)
Instead, DO decreases, when oxygen is consumed by bacterioplankton in the water through organic matter mineralization and by diffusion of dissolved oxygen. (iwaponline.com)
For example, notice that raising the aortic pressure with no change in venous pressure decreases stroke volume and may even decrease external work but always increases oxygen demand. (barnardhealth.us)

Regional blood oxygen saturation was determined by near-infrared spectroscopy. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Mitochondrial oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen species production are independently modulated: implications for aging studies. (nih.gov)
Total rates of reactive oxygen species generation can also vary between tissues in a way not linked to their differences in oxygen consumption. (nih.gov)
Cellular oxygen consumption is highly recognized as a fundamental indicator of mitochondrial function, reflecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and metabolic activity of the cell. (bio-protocol.org)

To address this need, 14 participants crawled a distance of 305 m each while their breath-by-breath oxygen consumption measurements were taken. (cdc.gov)
Oxygen transport measurements to evaluate tissue perfusion and titrate therapy: dobutamine and dopam. (biomedsearch.com)
A PreSens OXY-4 SMA 4-channel optode was used for oxygen concentration measurements. (darkenergybiosphere.org)
Our measurements can resolve differences in oxygen concentrations between different regions of individual cells, between different cell types, and also based on what metabolic pathways the cells use. (diva-portal.org)
A simple and portable paced step test for reproducible measurements of ventilation and oxygen consumption during exercise. (bmj.com)
The current oxygen diffusion model was extended to include the temporal domain and was used to simulate in vivo noninvasive measurements of tear oxygen tension in human corneas. (arvojournals.org)
3 published some novel measurements of tear film oxygen tension during contact lens wear on human eyes in vivo. (arvojournals.org)
Their measurements at the cornea-contact lens interface provide abundant and useful data to characterize oxygen diffusion in the cornea. (arvojournals.org)
As was expected from thermographical temperature measurements, oxygen consumption by bees which were free to move within 95 ml Warburg vessels varied in a wide range. (schweizerbart.de)

Physiology of Sport and Exercise' says everyone has the same oxygen consumption at rest per given body weight. (livestrong.com)

A. A. Shpakov and L. F. Panchenko, "Nature of the effect "rapid oxygen consumption" during the introduction of tissue homogenate or a mitochondrial suspension into the polarographic cell," Biofizika , vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 467-472, 1975. (hindawi.com)
Oxygen extraction considers the amount of oxygen in arterial blood that is sent to metabolically active tissue, and the amount of oxygen in venous blood being returned to the heart. (livestrong.com)
The difference in arterial oxygen content and venous oxygen content determines the amount of oxygen that was used by the tissue. (livestrong.com)
This cardiovascular response allows for faster oxygen delivery to the working tissue, such as skeletal muscle, which allows for an increase in oxygen consumption. (livestrong.com)
We validate the system using a series of yeast-hemoglobin tissue-simulating phantoms and conduct in vivo tests in humans using arterial occlusions that demonstrate sensitivity to tissue metabolic oxygen debt and its repayment. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
Blood flow and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) were calculated from dynamic PET scans at the location of BAT, muscle, and white adipose tissue. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
1 2 The cornea is an avascular tissue whose health depends on oxygen transport through its atmospheric boundary, but contact lenses provide additional resistance to this process. (arvojournals.org)
Hct normalization increased peak arterial oxygen and arteriovenous oxygen difference, whereas exercise training improved cardiac output, citrate synthase activity, and peak tissue diffusing capacity. (asnjournals.org)

B), and arterial-venous oxygen content diferences (C) during each delivey interval. (zanran.com)
The present invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for cardiac pacing and, more particularly, to devices and methods for improving cardiac efficiency based on coronary venous oxygen saturation. (google.com)

Hemorrhagic shock was induced in fifteen Yorkshire pigs to achieve a shed blood loss of 30 ml/kg, a 50% decrease in mean arterial pressure, and an oxygen debt over 60 ml/kg. (sages.org)
Brain oxygen delivery (DO2), oxygen consumption (VO2), and oxygen extraction in relation to systemic oxygen debt, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO) were assessed. (sages.org)
However, although the increase in arterial oxygen observed in the combination phase reached a value similar to that in healthy sedentary controls, the increase in peak arteriovenous oxygen difference did not. (asnjournals.org)

While exercise generally increases oxygen delivery, it is possible for the cardiovascular system to out-perform the respiratory system. (livestrong.com)
Thus, the apparently paradoxical increases in O2 consumption observed in some models of dietary restriction do not discredit the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging, and they can further strengthen it. (nih.gov)

One of the most popular field tests used to determine oxygen consumption is the 1.5-mile running test. (collegesportsscholarships.com)

VO2, as described by Dr. Benjamin Levine, is based on the Fick equation, which says oxygen consumption is dependent on the product of oxygen delivery and extraction. (livestrong.com)
According to Levine, oxygen consumption is limited to a greater extent by oxygen delivery rather than oxygen extraction. (livestrong.com)
The originator of the Weber Heart Failure Classification system, Dr. Karl Weber, has demonstrated that in severe heart failure, oxygen extraction is enhanced to compensate for the decrease in oxygen delivery. (livestrong.com)
These results suggest that profound alterations in oxygen extraction occur after CA and may be measured non-invasively in patients. (ahajournals.org)
0.05 for all cortex and cerebellum vs. awake) in the oxygen extraction fraction was seen. (nih.gov)
S+N especially reduced the oxygen extraction fraction, suggesting disturbed flow-activity coupling in humans at a moderate depth of anesthesia. (nih.gov)
Brain DO2 decreased with hemorrhage but brain VO2 was maintained with improved oxygen extraction. (sages.org)
This disparity appears to be attributable to muscle oxygen extraction as both brachial artery blood flow and microvascular perfusion (by DCS) were similar in both subjects. (wku.edu)

Diseases of the cardiovascular system tend to cause a decrease in oxygen consumption that limits an individual's ability to engage in physical activity. (livestrong.com)
Oxygen Consumption(VO2 Max) is the maximum capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise, which reflects the physical fitness of the individual. (easycalculation.com)

Using these data, linear regression models were developed to determine peak and average oxygen consumption rates as well as total oxygen consumption. (cdc.gov)
Subjects used an electronically braked cycle ergometer to complete peak O2 consumption tests (VO2peak) and sustained submaximal exercise tests at 55% of peak workload (from the VO2peak test) before and after supplementation. (prohealth.com)
We sought to assess whether the adjustment of peak oxygen consumption (PkVO 2 ) to lean body mass would yield a more accurate discriminator of outcomes in the chronic heart failure population. (onlinejacc.org)
Peak oxygen consumption is traditionally used to risk stratify patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and to time cardiac transplantation. (onlinejacc.org)
Peak oxygen consumption lean, both as a continuous variable and using a cutoff of ≤19 ml/kg/min, was a better predictor of outcome than unadjusted PkVO 2 (p = 0.003 vs. 0.027 for the continuous variables and p = 0.0006 vs. 0.055 for ≤19 ml/kg/min and ≤14 ml/kg/min unadjusted body weight, respectively). (onlinejacc.org)
As a test we measured the muscle oxygen consumption in the human vastus lateralis during exercise on a cycle ergometer by 11 trained male athletes (32 +/- 11 years old) at 40% and 110% peak aerobic power. (epfl.ch)

It was designed to allow the measurement of minute ventilation (VI) and oxygen consumption (VO2), under standardised conditions, during exercise in the clinic and lung function laboratory and in field work. (bmj.com)

Therefore, increasing the amount of oxygen consumed both during and after a workout, can increase the amount of net calories burned. (acefitness.org)
Once again, the amount of oxygen used per human being per year is 260kg. (100777.com)
In Australia, for example, the amount of oxygen consumed annually through fossil fuel combustion for the purposes of industry and power generation equals 214,465,670 tonnes of molecular oxygen (O2) [1977 figures]. (100777.com)
In contrast, the amount of oxygen consumed by the Australian population over the same period amounts to 4,290,000 tonnes O2, which is 1/50th of the first figure above. (100777.com)
A person that is more fit will be able to consume the same amount of oxygen with fewer heartbeats than a less fit person. (zanran.com)
You're still requiring the same amount of oxygen that you did while you were exercising! (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)
They hypothesized that the body can't bounce right back to just needing the same amount of oxygen as before, and that it takes a while for it to go back to its resting state. (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)

3. In a second group of seven dogs, hindquarter blood flow (electromagnetic flowmeter on lower abdominal aorta) and oxygen consumption (blood flow multiplied by arteriovenous oxygen difference) were measured as infusions of vasopressin were given either systemically or into the lower abdominal aorta. (clinsci.org)

The method combines high temporal and spatial resolution, which are required for the monitoring of fast kinetics of oxygen concentration in living cells. (epfl.ch)

This research underlines the important relationship between oxygen consumption and the factors of oxygen delivery. (livestrong.com)
1. Dobutamine has been used to study the relationship between oxygen consumption ( V O 2 ) and oxygen delivery ( D O 2 ) in critically ill patients, but this has led to concerns that it could consistently increase V O 2 in all patients. (portlandpress.com)
The new model reproduced experimental data successfully, provided values for corneal diffusivity and consumption, and described the relationship between oxygen consumption and oxygen tension in the cornea. (arvojournals.org)

ATP is produced either with oxygen using the aerobic pathways or without oxygen relying on the anaerobic pathways. (acefitness.org)
Once a steady-state of oxygen consumption is achieved, the aerobic energy pathways are able to provide most of the ATP needed for the workout. (acefitness.org)
Oxygen consumption is considered the best indicator of a person's level of aerobic fitness. (collegesportsscholarships.com)

In this study I measured both the swimming effort and the V̇ O 2 of newly emerged green turtle hatchlings simultaneously and continuously during their first 18 h of swimming in order to test the hypothesis that rates of oxygen consumption should correlate with swimming effort during this vital period. (biologists.org)
To test the hypothesis that omega-3 PUFAs alter O2 efficiency in humans, the effects of fish oil (FO) supplementation on O2 consumption during exercise were evaluated. (prohealth.com)

The Roy-Sherrington principle has been interpreted to mean that blood flow changes must be a function of a tight coupling between cellular energy requirements and the supplies of glucose and oxygen. (pnas.org)
Although I doubt that there is very much NADH or NAD+ in normal extra cellular fluid there has to be an NADH docking site on the outer redox enzyme as one of the hallmarks of cell surface oxygen consumption is that it can be halted completely by flooding the cell culture medium with NADH. (blogspot.com)
However, it remains challenging to understand the mechanisms by which contractile activity, mechanical loading, cellular energy status and cellular oxygen tension affect regulation of fiber size. (nih.gov)

HIF-1α wild-type and HIF-1α knockdown FaDu and ME180 xenograft tumors were grown in the hind leg of mice that were placed in an environmental chamber and exposed to different oxygen conditions (air-breathing and hypoxia). (biomedcentral.com)
Marine Ecology Progress Series 1986 Nancy N. Rabalais, 1997-1999 "Comparison of continuous records of near-bottom dissolved oxygen from the hypoxia zone along the Louisiana Coast. (wikipedia.org)

Effects of sevoflurane, propofol, and adjunct nitrous oxide on regional cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, and blood volume in humans. (nih.gov)
4. Small to moderate mechanically induced reductions in hindquarter blood flow resulted in a smaller decrease in oxygen consumption than equivalent blood flow reductions induced by vasopressin. (clinsci.org)
The physiological compensatory response to hemorrhage of maintaining intracranial blood flow and oxygen consumption was unaffected by the short term use of vasopressors during resuscitation. (sages.org)
Although a direct thermogenic effect of the catecholamine has been primarily implicated in this increase in V O 2 , an increase in blood flow may contribute significantly by increasing the oxygen requirements of the heart and other organs such as the kidney and the liver. (portlandpress.com)
However, it has proved more problematic to measure real-time changes in blood flow and oxygen consumption. (epfl.ch)
Hypocapnia does not alter hepatic blood flow or oxygen consumption in patients with head injury. (inserm.fr)

In rho zero anabolic cancer cells cell surface oxygen consumption can be as much as 90% of the total oxygen consumption of the parent cell line. (blogspot.com)

Case A exhibited a much faster muscle oxygen consumption recovery time (34 seconds) whereas Case B's recovery time was 93 seconds. (wku.edu)
Serotonin (5-HT) has been shown to reduce skeletal muscle oxygen consumption cY 02) during resting conditions in a variety of animal models. (edu.au)
The main aim of the study was to investigate whether individualizing the duration of the recovery interval based upon the resolution of muscle oxygen consumption would improve the performance during work intervals and the acute physiological response of the HIIT session, when compared with a standardized (2:1 work recovery ratio) approach. (humankinetics.com)
Individualizing HIIT recovery duration based upon the resolution of muscle oxygen consumption to baseline levels does not improve the performance of the work intervals or the acute physiological response of the HIIT session, when compared with standardized recovery duration. (humankinetics.com)
The calculated oxygen drop was then divided by the contraction time to generate a value for the muscle oxygen consumption in the optical region of interest. (epfl.ch)

Glycogen starts by liberating some energy without oxygen, producing lactic acid. (lesmills.com)
Lactic acid is produced from glycogen (and glucose) when there is not enough oxygen available. (lesmills.com)

To determine whether this decrease could result from limited oxygen delivery, studies were performed in two groups of chronically instrumented dogs. (clinsci.org)
On the contrary, large mechanically induced flow reductions resulted in a larger decrease in oxygen consumption than those induced by vasopressin. (clinsci.org)
5. These results suggest that the decrease in hindquarter oxygen consumption induced by systemic vasopressin administration cannot be primarily a consequence of oxygen delivery limitation. (clinsci.org)
Computer simulations demonstrate that an increase in the total creatine pool [PCr±Cr] (where Cr stands for creatine and PCr for phosphocreatine) and in glycolytic ATP supply lengthen the half-transition time, whereas increase in mitochondrial content, in parallel activation of ATP supply and ATP usage, in oxygen concentration, in proton leak, in resting energy demand, in resting cytosolic pH and in initial alkalization decrease this parameter. (portlandpress.com)
and after the age of 50 the decrease in oxygen consumption occurs rapidly. (zanran.com)
In lakes, which are ice covered during long winters, the dissolved oxygen concentration may decrease to very low values. (iwaponline.com)

Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy: Determinants of Oxygen Consumption" by Ryan Rosenberry, Chandan-Ganesh Bangalore-Yogananda et al. (wku.edu)
Taken together, these data establish strong proof-of-concept that dual wavelength DCS can provide valuable mechanistic insight into the determinants of oxygen consumption. (wku.edu)

Oxygen consumption, abbreviated VO2, is a measure of the volume of oxygen used by the body. (livestrong.com)
Oxygen delivery, on the other hand, is a measure of cardiac function, specifically of cardiac output. (livestrong.com)
How To Measure Your Oxygen Consumption. (collegesportsscholarships.com)
There are a number of ways to accurately measure oxygen consumption in a laboratory. (collegesportsscholarships.com)
These values are an absolute measure of how much oxygen is consumed in milliliters per kilogram of bodyweight per minute (or ml/kg/min). (collegesportsscholarships.com)
A Presens four channel system was used to measure changes in oxygen concentration in real-time in each bottle. (darkenergybiosphere.org)
Measure oxygen with fingeroximeter. (freediving.biz)
So you can measure cell surface oxygen usage by the fall in consumption which occurs when you add exogenous NADH just as you can measure mitochondrial oxygen usage by the fall in consumption which occurs when you add myxothiazol. (blogspot.com)
Here we describe the implementation of the CLARIOstar with ACU in conjunction with advanced phosphorescent dyes to measure O 2 consumption and glycolytic ﬂux in an open-ﬂow respirometry system. (bmglabtech.com)
AquaResp® is a free open-source software program developed to measure the oxygen consumption of aquatic animals using intermittent flow techniques. (dtu.dk)
Here we report the development of a novel method using NIRS to measure local oxygen consumption in human muscle. (epfl.ch)
Therefore, several methods have been developed to measure oxygen consumption rates in cells or entire organisms (Dranka et al . (bio-protocol.org)

One approach to providing atomic oxygen for the purpose of promoting more rapid and compact combustion is to disperse a low concentration of an atomic oxygen precursor, such as nitrous oxide (N2O), into the compressed air in the cylinder before or close to the time of ignition. (sumobrain.com)
The results indicate a consumption leading to an intracellular oxygen concentration that decays mono- exponentially with time. (epfl.ch)
An approach for computing dissolved oxygen concentration is suggested assuming horizontally mixed waters and negligable vertical dispersion. (iwaponline.com)
The morphology of a lake is very important for how fast the dissolved oxygen concentration is reduced during winter. (iwaponline.com)
The oxygen concentration is reduced faster in the deep parts of a lake than near the ice. (iwaponline.com)
the shallower lake, the more oxygen consumption and the lower DO concentration. (iwaponline.com)

This is in good agreement with previously reported mea- surements of oxygen consumption in skeletal muscle fibers. (epfl.ch)

To evaluate oxygen consumption (V o 2 ), carbon dioxide production, and energy expenditure (EE) in full-term neonates with early-onset neonatal septicemia daily for 7 days beginning at the day of clinical diagnosis of sepsis. (aappublications.org)
The sepsis syndrome in adults is associated with hypermetabolism characterized by increased oxygen consumption (V o 2 ), increased carbon dioxide production (V co 2 ), and increased resting energy expenditure (EE). (aappublications.org)

The adaptability of stroke volume makes it a more prominent variable in the determination of maximal oxygen consumption. (livestrong.com)
A recent study investigated Nordic skiers' anaerobic capacities by calculating the accumulated oxygen (VO 2 ) deficit from a maximal roller ski test. (wku.edu)

There were no differences in rectal temperature (37.3 ± 0.4 °C vs 37.4 ± 0.2 °C), skin temperature (36.5 ± 0.4 °C vs 36.6 ± 0.3 °C), and oxygen saturation (96 ± 3% vs 96 ± 3%) between the 2 groups. (aappublications.org)
A cardiac electrical therapy is adjusted to cause a change of the measured oxygen saturation parameter, and the adjusted cardiac electrical therapy is selected for delivery based on a changed oxygen saturation parameter indicative of an increase in cardiac efficiency. (google.com)

The oxygen uptakes of adult beetles increased at each experimental temperature as the seasons progressed from winter to spring. (oregonstate.edu)
Under the controlled conditions of reduced salinity from 31.5 to 15.0 and ambient temperature 17°C and 23°C, the concentrations of dissolved oxygen and ammonia-N were determined by the Winkle method and the hypobromite method, respectively. (springer.com)
Effects of temperature on oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of Chlamys farreri . (springer.com)
We used respirometry to quantify the influence of two abiotic factors as potential stressors on stream fishes: temperature and dissolved oxygen. (auburn.edu)

The newly released, Metabolically Derived Human Ventilation Rates: A Revised Approach Based Upon Oxygen Consumption Rates Report is a companion book to the EPA Exposure Factors Handbook. (epa.gov)
Example exposure factors include: age specific rates for drinking water consumption, food consumption, soil and dust ingestion, body weight, activity patterns, and information to estimate dermal absorption. (epa.gov)
Here, rates of benthic oxygen consumption and nutrient exchange across the water-sludge interface were measured in situ using a benthic chamber. (environmental-expert.com)
In this work, we have applied fluorescence-based transient state imaging and have exploited the environment sensitivity of long-lived dark states of fluorophores, in particular triplet state decay rates, to image the oxygen consumption of living cells. (diva-portal.org)
Sediment microcosms were established from three sites within oligotrophic Lake angstrom nnsjon, Sweden, to use microsensors for measuring oxygen profiles and estimate spatially resolved oxygen consumption rates at the water-sediment interfaces. (diva-portal.org)
There was no linear correlation between oxygen consumption rates and microbial cell abundances. (diva-portal.org)
Illumina sequencing of spatially resolved 16SrRNA genes was used to test for possible influence of bacterial diversity on spatially resolved oxygen consumption rates. (diva-portal.org)
In situ swimming behaviors and oxygen consumption rates of juvenile lemon sharks (Negaprion brevirostris). (coralcoe.org.au)
Moderately active individuals consumed 48.4 μl O2min-1 at 25°C and 18.3 μl O2min-1 35°C. By contrast, fast walking bees had significantly higher oxygen consumption rates: 91.4 and 30.5 μl O2min-1 at 25° and 35°C, respectively. (schweizerbart.de)
We determined standard oxygen consumption rates and the critical oxygen level (DOcrit) of 5 fish species, one from the Tennessee River Basin (Cottus carolinae) and 4 from the Mobile River Basin (Percina nigrofasciata, P. palmaris, Etheostoma jordani, and Cyprinella venusta). (auburn.edu)
The maximum rates of oxygen consumption (VO2max) per volume unit and the cross-sectional areas of striated myocytes from different vertebrates vary over a 100-fold range. (nih.gov)
2009). In this protocol, we describe a method for the determination of oxygen consumption rates in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . (bio-protocol.org)
2015). In this protocol, we describe a method for the determination of oxygen consumption rates in the nematode C. elegans by using a Clark-type polarographic oxygen sensor electrode (Hansatech, King's Lynn, England). (bio-protocol.org)

The high renal oxygen (O(2) ) demand is associated primarily with tubular O(2) consumption (Qo(2) ) necessary for solute reabsorption. (nih.gov)

4 Other terms derived from mathematical models, such as the equivalent oxygen pressure (EOP) and biological apparent oxygen transmissibility (BOAT), have been introduced to better assess the performance of contact lenses with regard to the physiological changes in oxygen supply they induce. (arvojournals.org)

This illustrates the delicate balance that must be kept between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems for oxygen consumption to be maximized. (livestrong.com)
The majority of patients on hemodialysis develop a progressive anemia, because their kidneys become unable to produce sufficient erythropoietin to maintain normal hemoglobin mass. 9 This anemia combined with impaired cardiovascular function limit the delivery of oxygen to the tissues. (asnjournals.org)
Direct and indirect treatment effects can lead to significant reductions in VO 2peak via impairments in 1 or more of the steps within the oxygen cascade (i.e., the pulmonary, cardiovascular, hematologic, and musculoskeletal systems). (onlinejacc.org)

Will Y, Hynes J, Ogurtsov VI, Papkovsky DB (2007) Analysis of mitochondrial function using phosphorescent oxygen-sensitive probes. (springer.com)
P.4014 right column 4th paragraph: 'Fibre-optic oxygen probes (Oxford Optronix, UK) were inserted into the centre of the 3D constructs to place the measuring tip halfway along their long axis (Fig. 1). (harvard.edu)
When the phosphorescent oxygen and pH probes are used with the CLARIOstar with ACU, real-time changes in ECA and OCR can be observed (Figure 2). (bmglabtech.com)

3 Further, the oxygen transmissibility ( Dk/t ) of the lens is insufficient to evaluate the changes in oxygen supply to the cornea under contact lens wear because the relationship between these two variables is not linear. (arvojournals.org)

Anatomy16

Organisms12

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs78

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment52

Psychiatry and Psychology9

Phenomena and Processes79

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena10

Technology, Industry, Agriculture20

Information Science1

Health Care23

Fecal coliform elevated-temperature test: a physiological basis. (1/14332)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (2/14332)

Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on vascular resistance, nitric oxide production, and glucose and oxygen consumption in perfused tissue-isolated human melanoma xenografts. (3/14332)

Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy. (4/14332)

Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (5/14332)

Myocardial oxygenation during high work states in hearts with postinfarction remodeling. (6/14332)

Energy cost of propulsion in standard and ultralight wheelchairs in people with spinal cord injuries. (7/14332)

The respiratory responses of Carcinus maenas to declining oxygen tension. (8/14332)

Oxygen Consumption

Oxygen

Reactive Oxygen Species

Energy Metabolism

Alcohol Drinking

Physical Exertion

Exercise Test

Partial Pressure

Carbon Dioxide

Heart Rate

Exercise

Mitochondria

Lactic Acid

Oxygen Inhalation Therapy

Polarography

Oxidation-Reduction

Myocardium

Body Temperature Regulation

Lactates

Singlet Oxygen

Cell Respiration

Hemodynamics

Diet

Cardiac Output

Time Factors

Exercise Tolerance

Coronary Circulation

Ion-Selective Electrodes

Respiration

Glucose

Anoxia

Body Temperature

Dogs

Pulmonary Gas Exchange

Adenosine Triphosphate

Oxygen Isotopes

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Body Weight

Basal Metabolism

Physical Endurance

Blood Pressure

Ethanol

Blood Gas Analysis

Beverages

Muscle, Skeletal

Heart

Glycolysis

Vegetables

Regional Blood Flow

Anaerobic Threshold

Coffee

Perfusion

Eating

Fruit

Hydrogen Peroxide

Oximetry

Aerobiosis

Oxidative Stress

Running

Physical Fitness

Shivering

Calorimetry, Indirect

Hemoglobins

Kinetics

Alcoholic Beverages

Oxyhemoglobins

Rats, Wistar

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Analysis of Variance

Myocardial Contraction

Antioxidants

Energy Intake

Fishes

Uncoupling Agents

Food Habits

Cold Temperature

Mitochondria, Heart

Models, Biological

Nitric Oxide

Superoxides