Oxygen consumption. Medical search

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.

The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.

Behaviors associated with the ingesting of alcoholic beverages, including social drinking.

Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Inhalation of oxygen aimed at restoring toward normal any pathophysiologic alterations of gas exchange in the cardiopulmonary system, as by the use of a respirator, nasal catheter, tent, chamber, or mask. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)

An electrochemical technique for measuring the current that flows in solution as a function of an applied voltage. The observed polarographic wave, resulting from the electrochemical response, depends on the way voltage is applied (linear sweep or differential pulse) and the type of electrode used. Usually a mercury drop electrode is used.

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

The processes of heating and cooling that an organism uses to control its temperature.

Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.

An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.

The metabolic process of all living cells (animal and plant) in which oxygen is used to provide a source of energy for the cell.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an EXERCISE TEST.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

Electrodes which can be used to measure the concentration of particular ions in cells, tissues, or solutions.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

Stable oxygen atoms that have the same atomic number as the element oxygen, but differ in atomic weight. O-17 and 18 are stable oxygen isotopes.

Electron transfer through the cytochrome system liberating free energy which is transformed into high-energy phosphate bonds.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Heat production, or its measurement, of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, fasting state. It may be determined directly by means of a calorimeter or indirectly by calculating the heat production from an analysis of the end products of oxidation within the organism or from the amount of oxygen utilized.

The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Liquids that are suitable for drinking. (From Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

A metabolic process that converts GLUCOSE into two molecules of PYRUVIC ACID through a series of enzymatic reactions. Energy generated by this process is conserved in two molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is the universal catabolic pathway for glucose, free glucose, or glucose derived from complex CARBOHYDRATES, such as GLYCOGEN and STARCH.

A food group comprised of EDIBLE PLANTS or their parts.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

The oxygen consumption level above which aerobic energy production is supplemented by anaerobic mechanisms during exercise, resulting in a sustained increase in lactate concentration and metabolic acidosis. The anaerobic threshold is affected by factors that modify oxygen delivery to the tissues; it is low in patients with heart disease. Methods of measurement include direct measure of lactate concentration, direct measurement of bicarbonate concentration, and gas exchange measurements.

A beverage made from ground COFFEA beans (SEEDS) infused in hot water. It generally contains CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE unless it is decaffeinated.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

The consumption of edible substances.

The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds.

A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

The determination of oxygen-hemoglobin saturation of blood either by withdrawing a sample and passing it through a classical photoelectric oximeter or by electrodes attached to some translucent part of the body like finger, earlobe, or skin fold. It includes non-invasive oxygen monitoring by pulse oximetry.

Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

An activity in which the body is propelled by moving the legs rapidly. Running is performed at a moderate to rapid pace and should be differentiated from JOGGING, which is performed at a much slower pace.

The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.

Involuntary contraction or twitching of the muscles. It is a physiologic method of heat production in man and other mammals.

Calculation of the energy expenditure in the form of heat production of the whole body or individual organs based on respiratory gas exchange.

The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Drinkable liquids containing ETHANOL.

A compound formed by the combination of hemoglobin and oxygen. It is a complex in which the oxygen is bound directly to the iron without causing a change from the ferrous to the ferric state.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.

Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.

A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.

Chemical agents that uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation in the metabolic cycle so that ATP synthesis does not occur. Included here are those IONOPHORES that disrupt electron transfer by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes.

Acquired or learned food preferences.

An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.

The mitochondria of the myocardium.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated during the normal catalytic function of a number of enzymes and during the oxidation of hemoglobin to METHEMOGLOBIN. In living organisms, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE protects the cell from the deleterious effects of superoxides.

Mitochondria of skeletal and smooth muscle. It does not include myocardial mitochondria for which MITOCHONDRIA, HEART is available.

The chemical reactions that occur within the cells, tissues, or an organism. These processes include both the biosynthesis (ANABOLISM) and the breakdown (CATABOLISM) of organic materials utilized by the living organism.

The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270)

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Marine fish and shellfish used as food or suitable for food. (Webster, 3d ed) SHELLFISH and FISH PRODUCTS are more specific types of SEAFOOD.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

An activity in which the body is propelled through water by specific movement of the arms and/or the legs. Swimming as propulsion through water by the movement of limbs, tail, or fins of animals is often studied as a form of PHYSICAL EXERTION or endurance.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996)

An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Drinkable liquids combined with or impregnated with carbon dioxide.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

A multisubunit enzyme complex containing CYTOCHROME A GROUP; CYTOCHROME A3; two copper atoms; and 13 different protein subunits. It is the terminal oxidase complex of the RESPIRATORY CHAIN and collects electrons that are transferred from the reduced CYTOCHROME C GROUP and donates them to molecular OXYGEN, which is then reduced to water. The redox reaction is simultaneously coupled to the transport of PROTONS across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)

Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.

The use of a bicycle for transportation or recreation. It does not include the use of a bicycle in studying the body's response to physical exertion (BICYCLE ERGOMETRY TEST see EXERCISE TEST).

The therapeutic intermittent administration of oxygen in a chamber at greater than sea-level atmospheric pressures (three atmospheres). It is considered effective treatment for air and gas embolisms, smoke inhalation, acute carbon monoxide poisoning, caisson disease, clostridial gangrene, etc. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992). The list of treatment modalities includes stroke.

An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.

Proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome or proteins encoded by the nuclear genome that are imported to and resident in the MITOCHONDRIA.

The infusion of leaves of CAMELLIA SINENSIS (formerly Thea sinensis) as a beverage, the familiar Asian tea, which contains CATECHIN (especially epigallocatechin gallate) and CAFFEINE.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Freedom from activity.

The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Unstable isotopes of oxygen that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. O atoms with atomic weights 13, 14, 15, 19, and 20 are radioactive oxygen isotopes.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

A condition of decreased oxygen content at the cellular level.

Substances that influence the course of a chemical reaction by ready combination with free radicals. Among other effects, this combining activity protects pancreatic islets against damage by cytokines and prevents myocardial and pulmonary perfusion injuries.

A thermogenic form of adipose tissue composed of BROWN ADIPOCYTES. It is found in newborns of many species including humans, and in hibernating mammals. Brown fat is richly vascularized, innervated, and densely packed with MITOCHONDRIA which can generate heat directly from the stored lipids.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

The selection of one food over another.

The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The consumption of liquids.

An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxide anions and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme protects the cell against dangerous levels of superoxide. EC 1.15.1.1.

Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities.

Sucrose present in the diet. It is added to food and drinks as a sweetener.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Techniques used for determining the values of photometric parameters of light resulting from LUMINESCENCE.

Glucose in blood.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

Mitochondria in hepatocytes. As in all mitochondria, there are an outer membrane and an inner membrane, together creating two separate mitochondrial compartments: the internal matrix space and a much narrower intermembrane space. In the liver mitochondrion, an estimated 67% of the total mitochondrial proteins is located in the matrix. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p343-4)

Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.

Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.

A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes, but has been shown to be an especially potent inhibitor of heme enzymes and hemeproteins. It is used in many industrial processes.

The voltage difference, normally maintained at approximately -180mV, across the INNER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE, by a net movement of positive charge across the membrane. It is a major component of the PROTON MOTIVE FORCE in MITOCHONDRIA used to drive the synthesis of ATP.

A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.

A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851)

Behaviors associated with the ingesting of water and other liquids; includes rhythmic patterns of drinking (time intervals - onset and duration), frequency and satiety.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to water and oxygen. It is present in many animal cells. A deficiency of this enzyme results in ACATALASIA.

An activity in which the organism plunges into water. It includes scuba and bell diving. Diving as natural behavior of animals goes here, as well as diving in decompression experiments with humans or animals.

A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.

The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.

A series of oxidative reactions in the breakdown of acetyl units derived from GLUCOSE; FATTY ACIDS; or AMINO ACIDS by means of tricarboxylic acid intermediates. The end products are CARBON DIOXIDE, water, and energy in the form of phosphate bonds.

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

A conjugated protein which is the oxygen-transporting pigment of muscle. It is made up of one globin polypeptide chain and one heme group.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Fermented juice of fresh grapes or of other fruit or plant products used as a beverage.

An alcoholic beverage usually made from malted cereal grain (as barley), flavored with hops, and brewed by slow fermentation.

A flavoprotein and iron sulfur-containing oxidoreductase complex that catalyzes the conversion of UBIQUINONE to ubiquinol. In MITOCHONDRIA the complex also couples its reaction to the transport of PROTONS across the internal mitochondrial membrane. The NADH DEHYDROGENASE component of the complex can be isolated and is listed as EC 1.6.99.3.

Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

A flavoprotein enzyme that catalyzes the univalent reduction of OXYGEN using NADPH as an electron donor to create SUPEROXIDE ANION. The enzyme is dependent on a variety of CYTOCHROMES. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by enzymes such as NADPH oxidase result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Systematic collections of factual data pertaining to the diet of a human population within a given geographic area.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.

Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.

The movement of the BLOOD as it is pumped through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking.

Carbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other dietary fibers. The former are the major source of energy. The sugars are in beet and cane sugar, fruits, honey, sweet corn, corn syrup, milk and milk products, etc.; the starches are in cereal grains, legumes (FABACEAE), tubers, etc. (From Claudio & Lagua, Nutrition and Diet Therapy Dictionary, 3d ed, p32, p277)

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

The generation of heat in order to maintain body temperature. The uncoupled oxidation of fatty acids contained within brown adipose tissue and SHIVERING are examples of thermogenesis in MAMMALS.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

The TEMPERATURE at the outer surface of the body.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

FATTY ACIDS found in the plasma that are complexed with SERUM ALBUMIN for transport. These fatty acids are not in glycerol ester form.

A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565)

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

A CNS stimulant that is used to induce convulsions in experimental animals. It has also been used as a respiratory stimulant and in the treatment of barbiturate overdose.

Substances that sweeten food, beverages, medications, etc., such as sugar, saccharine or other low-calorie synthetic products. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.

Solutions which, upon administration, will temporarily arrest cardiac activity. They are used in the performance of heart surgery.

Raw and processed or manufactured milk and milk-derived products. These are usually from cows (bovine) but are also from goats, sheep, reindeer, and water buffalo.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (CITRIC ACID CYCLE). It catalyzes the reaction of oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA to form citrate and coenzyme A. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.1.3.7.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Botanically, a type of single-seeded fruit in which the pericarp enclosing the seed is a hard woody shell. In common usage the term is used loosely for any hard, oil-rich kernel. Of those commonly eaten, only hazel, filbert, and chestnut are strictly nuts. Walnuts, pecans, almonds, and coconuts are really drupes. Brazil nuts, pistachios, macadamias, and cashews are really seeds with a hard shell derived from the testa rather than the pericarp.

Volume of PLASMA in the circulation. It is usually measured by INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES.

Instructional programs in the care and development of the body, often in schools. The concept does not include prescribed exercises, which is EXERCISE THERAPY.

A complex of enzymes and PROTON PUMPS located on the inner membrane of the MITOCHONDRIA and in bacterial membranes. The protein complex provides energy in the form of an electrochemical gradient, which may be used by either MITOCHONDRIAL PROTON-TRANSLOCATING ATPASES or BACTERIAL PROTON-TRANSLOCATING ATPASES.

The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed)

Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.

A botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.

Fecal coliform elevated-temperature test: a physiological basis. (1/14332)

The physiological basis of the Eijkman elevated-temperature test for differentiating fecal from nonfecal coliforms was investigated. Manometric studies indicated that the inhibitory effect upon growth and metabolism in a nonfecal coliform at 44.5 degrees C involved cellular components common to both aerobic and fermentative metabolism of lactose. Radioactive substrate incorporation experiments implicated cell membrane function as a principal focus for temperature sensitivity at 44.5 degrees C. A temperature increase from 35 to 44.5 degrees C drastically reduced the rates of [14C]glucose uptake in nonfecal coliforms, whereas those of fecal coliforms were essentially unchanged. In addition, relatively low levels of nonfecal coliform beta-galactosidase activity coupled with thermal inactivation of this enzyme at a comparatively low temperature may also inhibit growth and metabolism of nonfecal coliforms at the elevated temperature. (+info)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (2/14332)

Norepinephrine (NE) reuptake function is impaired in heart failure and this may participate in myocyte hyperstimulation by the neurotransmitter. This alteration can be assessed by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy. METHODS: To determine whether the impairment of neuronal NE reuptake was reversible after metoprolol therapy, we studied 18 patients (43+/-7 y) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy who were stabilized at least for 3 mo with captopril and diuretics. Patients underwent, before and after 6 mo of therapy with metoprolol, measurements of radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), maximal oxygen consumption and plasma NE concentration. The cardiac adrenergic innervation function was scintigraphically assessed with MIBG uptake and release measurements on the planar images obtained 20 min and 4 h after tracer injection. To evaluate whether metoprolol had a direct interaction with cardiac MIBG uptake and release, six normal subjects were studied before and after a 1-mo metoprolol intake. RESULTS: In controls, neither cardiac MIBG uptake and release nor circulating NE concentration changed after the 1-mo metoprolol intake. Conversely, after a 6-mo therapy with metoprolol, patients showed increased cardiac MIBG uptake (129%+/-10% versus 138%+/-17%; P = 0.009), unchanged cardiac MIBG release and decreased plasma NE concentration (0.930+/-412 versus 0.721+/-0.370 ng/mL; P = 0.02). In parallel, patients showed improved New York Heart Association class (2.44+/-0.51 versus 2.05+/-0.23; P = 0.004) and increased LVEF (20%+/-8% versus 27%+/-8%; P = 0.0005), whereas maximal oxygen uptake remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Thus, a parallel improvement of myocardial NE reuptake and of hemodynamics was observed after a 6-mo metoprolol therapy, suggesting that such agents may be beneficial in heart failure by directly protecting the myocardium against excessive NE stimulation. (+info)

Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on vascular resistance, nitric oxide production, and glucose and oxygen consumption in perfused tissue-isolated human melanoma xenografts. (3/14332)

The effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on vascular resistance, nitric oxide production, and consumption of oxygen and glucose was examined in a perfused tissue-isolated tumor model in nude mice. One experimental group was perfused with heparinized Krebs-Henseleit buffer, a second one was perfused with TNF-alpha (500 microgram/kg) 5 h before perfusion. The vascular resistance increased significantly 5 h after TNF-alpha injection. The increase in vascular resistance did not seem to be mediated by a decrease in tumor nitric oxide production, as determined by perfusate nitrate/nitrite concentrations, but may be due to aggregation of leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes and/or endothelial consumption among the three experimental groups. The oxygen consumption was linearly dependent on the amount of available oxygen in the perfusate, whereas the glucose consumption was constant and independent of the glucose delivery rate. The present experiments provide new insights into physiological and metabolic mechanisms of action of TNF- alpha for optimization of future treatment schedules involving TNF-alpha. (+info)

Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy. (4/14332)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether increased plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and big endothelin (BET) play a role in the regulation of coronary circulation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM). SETTING: Tertiary referral centre for cardiac diseases. PATIENTS: Fourteen patients (eight male/six female; mean (SD) age 59 (9) years) with IDCM (ejection fraction 36 (9)%) and five normotensive subjects (two male/three female; age 52 (7) years) serving as controls were studied. METHODS: Functional status was classified according to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. Endogenous ET-1 and BET plasma concentrations from the aorta and the coronary sinus were determined by radioimmunoassay. Coronary blood flow, using the inert chromatographic argon method, myocardial oxygen consumption, and coronary sinus oxygen content under basal conditions were determined. RESULTS: In the aorta, mean (SD) concentrations of ET-1 (IDCM 0.76 (0.25) v controls 0.31 (0.06) fmol/ml; p = 0.002) and BET (IDCM 3.58 (1.06) v controls 2.11 (0.58) fmol/ml; p = 0.014) were increased in patients with IDCM. Aortic ET-1 concentrations correlated positively with NYHA class (r = 0. 731; p < 0.001), myocardial oxygen consumption (r = 0.749; p < 0. 001), and coronary blood flow (r = 0.645; p = 0.003), but inversely with coronary sinus oxygen content (r = -0.633; p = 0.004), which was significantly decreased in IDCM patients (IDCM 4.68 (1.05) v controls 6.70 (1.06) vol%; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The coronary circulation in patients with IDCM is exposed to an increased endothelin load. ET-1 concentrations correlate with functional deterioration. A decrease of the coronary sinus content of oxygen suggests a mismatch between coronary blood flow and metabolic demand. Thus, ET-1 might be a marker of a disequilibrium between myocardial oxygen demand and coronary blood flow in IDCM. (+info)

Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (5/14332)

OBJECTIVES: To assess oxygen uptake (VO2), blood lactate concentration ([La(b)]), and heart rate (HR) response during indoor and outdoor sport climbing. METHODS: Seven climbers aged 25 (SE 1) years, with a personal best ascent without preview or fall (on sight) ranging from 6b to 7a were assessed using an indoor vertical treadmill with artificial rock hand/foot holds and a discontinuous protocol with climbing velocity incremented until voluntary fatigue. On a separate occasion the subjects performed a 23.4 m outdoor rock climb graded 5c and taking 7 min 36 s (SE 33 s) to complete. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured using a telemetry system and [La(b)] collected at rest and after climbing. RESULTS: Indoor climbing elicited a peak oxygen uptake (VO2climb-peak) and peak HR (HRpeak) of 43.8 (SE 2.2) ml/kg/min and 190 (SE 4) bpm, respectively and increased blood lactate concentration [La(b)] from 1.4 (0.1) to 10.2 (0.6) mmol/l (p < 0.05). During outdoor climbing VO2 and HR increased to about 75% and 83% of VO2climb-peak and HRpeak, respectively. [La(b)] increased from 1.3 (0.1) at rest to 4.5 mmol/l (p < 0.05) at 2 min 32 s (8 s) after completion of the climb. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that for elite climbers outdoor sport rock climbs of five to 10 minutes' duration and moderate difficulty require a significant portion of the VO2climb-peak. The higher HR and VO2 for outdoor climbing and the increased [La(b)] could be the result of repeated isometric contractions, particularly from the arm and forearm muscles. (+info)

Myocardial oxygenation during high work states in hearts with postinfarction remodeling. (6/14332)

BACKGROUND: Postinfarction left ventricular remodeling (LVR) is associated with reductions in myocardial high-energy phosphate (HEP) levels, which are more severe in animals that develop overt congestive heart failure (CHF). During high work states, further HEP loss occurs, which suggests demand-induced ischemia. This study tested the hypothesis that inadequate myocyte oxygen availability is the basis for these HEP abnormalities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial infarction was produced by left circumflex coronary artery ligation in swine. Studies were performed in 20 normal animals, 14 animals with compensated LVR, and 9 animals with CHF. Phosphocreatine (PCr)/ATP was determined with 31P NMR and deoxymyoglobin (Mb-delta) with 1H NMR in myocardium remote from the infarct. Basal PCr/ATP tended to be decreased in postinfarct hearts, and this was significant in animals with CHF. Infusion of dobutamine (20 microg x kg-1 x min-1 IV) caused doubling of the rate-pressure product in both normal and LVR hearts and resulted in comparable significant decreases of PCr/ATP in both groups. This decrease in PCr/ATP was not associated with detectable Mb-delta. In CHF hearts, rate-pressure product increased only 40% in response to dobutamine; this attenuated response also was not associated with detectable Mb-delta. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the decrease of PCr/ATP during dobutamine infusion is not the result of insufficient myocardial oxygen availability. Furthermore, in CHF hearts, the low basal PCr/ATP and the attenuated response to dobutamine occurred in the absence of myocardial hypoxia, indicating that the HEP and contractile abnormalities were not the result of insufficient oxygen availability. (+info)

Energy cost of propulsion in standard and ultralight wheelchairs in people with spinal cord injuries. (7/14332)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Wheelchair- and subject-related factors influence the efficiency of wheelchair propulsion. The purpose of this study was to compare wheelchair propulsion in ultralight and standard wheelchairs in people with different levels of spinal cord injury. SUBJECTS: Seventy-four subjects (mean age=26.2 years, SD=7.14, range=17-50) with spinal cord injury resulting in motor loss (30 with tetraplegia and 44 with paraplegia) were studied. METHOD: Each subject propelled standard and ultralight wheelchairs around an outdoor track at self-selected speeds, while data were collected at 4 predetermined intervals. Speed, distance traveled, and oxygen cost (VO2 mL/kg/m) were compared by wheelchair, group, and over time, using a Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: In the ultralight wheelchair, speed and distance traveled were greater for both subjects with paraplegia and subjects with tetraplegia, whereas VO2 was less only for subjects with paraplegia. Subjects with paraplegia propelled faster and farther than did subjects with tetraplegia. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The ultralight wheelchair improved the efficiency of propulsion in the tested subjects. Subjects with tetraplegia, especially at the C6 level, are limited in their ability to propel a wheelchair. (+info)

The respiratory responses of Carcinus maenas to declining oxygen tension. (8/14332)

The degree of respiratory independence shown by Carcinus under conditions of declining oxygen tension is dependent on the animal's level of activity. Inactive Carcinus are capable of maintaining respiratory independence down to a Po2 of 60-80 mmHg. This is achieved primarily by an increase in ventilation volume such that the amount of oxygen made available at the respiratory surfaces remains constant over a wide range of oxygen tension. The Po2 at which this can no longer be maintained corresponds closely to the Po2 at which respiratory independence is lost. Under normoxic conditions the Po2 of the post- and prebranchial blood was 97 and 18 mmHg respectively. At the high oxygen tensions prevailing in the postbranchial blood the respiratory pigment is fully saturated. Under conditions of declining oxygen tension the heart rate remains more or less constant until the Po2 reaches 60-80 mmHg, the onset of bradycardia coinciding with the loss of saturation of the haemocyanin. Although cardiac output falls during hypoxia, the capacity rate ratio remains approximately constant, which enables the effectiveness of oxygen uptake by the blood to remain at a high level. (+info)

... oxygen consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in adult transgenic and ocean-ranched coho salmon". Journal of ... Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC, informally called afterburn) is a measurably increased rate of oxygen intake ... "The effect of exercise intensity and duration on the oxygen deficit and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption". European ... Post-exercise oxygen consumption replenishes the phosphagen system. New ATP is synthesized and some of this ATP donates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excess_post-exercise_oxygen_consumption

High power consumption. "Membrane oxygen plants - Technical Characteristics". Retrieved 2013-09-18. 2 oxygen plant (Articles ... based oxygen plants is the low cost of oxygen produced in the cases where there are no rigid requirements to the product oxygen ... Where gaseous oxygen purity is required at the level of 90-95% with the capacity of up to 5,000 Nm3 per hour, adsorption oxygen ... The adsorption oxygen plants produce 5 to 5,000 normal cubic meters per hour of oxygen with a purity of 93-95%. These systems, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_plant

Oxygen Consumption of whole organisms." Biological Bulletin 1959 Michael Castagna 1977-1979 "Culture of bay scallop, Argopecten ... "Comparison of continuous records of near-bottom dissolved oxygen from the hypoxia zone along the Louisiana Coast." Estuaries ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_and_Estuarine_Research_Federation

Thereby reducing myocardial oxygen consumption. Preventive therapy with verapamil is believed to work because it has an effect ... The pain of angina is caused by a deficit in oxygen supply to the heart. Calcium channel blockers like verapamil dilate the ... coronary blood vessels, which increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. They also cause dilatation of systemic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verapamil

Another factor is oxygen consumption. Ambient oxygen was relatively low in the early Devonian, possibly about half of modern ... Per unit volume, there is much more oxygen in air than in water, and vertebrates are active animals with a high energy ... The Devonian saw increasing oxygen levels which opened up new ecological niches by allowing groups able to exploit the ... Particularly in tropical swampland habitats, atmospheric oxygen is much more stable, and may have prompted a reliance of lungs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_tetrapods

"Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption". CNS Clinic. humanneurophysiology.com. Retrieved 25 January 2017. Brubakk, A. O.; ... Translated by: Hitchcock, Mary Alice; Hitchcock, Fred A. Acott, Chris (1999). "Oxygen toxicity: A brief history of oxygen in ... Lower carbon dioxide levels increase the oxygen-haemoglobin affinity, reducing availability of oxygen to brain tissue towards ... Central nervous system oxygen toxicity was also first described in this publication and is sometimes referred to as the "Paul ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_diving

Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption is a physiological concept that occurs after an elevation in oxygen consumption as the ... EPOC) Exploring Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption". blog.nasm.org. Retrieved 2021-09-03. "How Do I Book A Class". ... These hour-long sessions are designed to generate excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orangetheory_Fitness

Julian, D., Crampton, W.G.R., Wohlgemuth, S.E. and Albert, J.S. (Dec 2003). "Oxygen consumption in weakly electric Neotropical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthosternarchus_tamandua

Studies on oxygen consumption in digenetic trematodes. V. The influence of temperature on three species of adult trematodes ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynaecotyla_adunca

Verberg, Winona B.; Hunter, Wanda Sanborn (1961). "Studies on oxygen consumption in digenetic trematodes. V. The influence of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parasites_of_the_marsh_rice_rat

Morrison, Peter R. (1948). "Oxygen consumption in several small wild mammals". Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Reed_Morrison

"Oxygen Consumption Rate of Operational Underwater Swimmers". United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit Technical Report. NEDU ... As a practical matter, it is unclear that a usable artificial gill could be created because of the large amount of oxygen a ... An average diver with a fully closed-circuit rebreather needs 1.5 liters of oxygen per minute while swimming or 0.64 liter per ... Seawater in tropical regions with abundant plant life contains 5-8 mg (0.077-0.123 gr) of oxygen per liter of water. These ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_gills_(human)

It is caused by metabolic consumption of oxygen. The term "oxygen window" was first used by Albert R. Behnke in 1967. Behnke ... Use of 100% oxygen is limited by oxygen toxicity at deeper depths. Convulsions are more likely when the PO2 exceeds 1.6 bar ( ... In other words, the larger oxygen window due to a higher oxygen partial pressure can allow the diver to decompress faster at a ... In diving and decompression, the oxygen window is the difference between the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in arterial blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_window

... involved oxygen consumption; oxygen consumption was linked to organic compound phosphorylation. His key experiment demonstrated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Kalckar

Snyder, Gregory K. (1979-01-01). "Water loss and oxygen consumption in tropical Sphaerodactylus". Oecologia. 38 (1): 107-110. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphaerodactylus_macrolepis

Oxygen consumption calorimetry has made the measurement of heat release rate of a fire a routine part of fire testing for both ... Hugget, C (1980). "Estimation of rate of heat release by means of oxygen consumption measurements". Fire and Materials. 4 (2): ... This was substantiated in 2016 by the $50,000 DiNenno Prize, which recognized oxygen consumption calorimetry as a significant ... Others who made contributions to the early development and application of oxygen consumption calorimetry include Peter Hinkley ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_calorimeter

Grimes, David Robert; Fletcher, Alexander G.; Partridge, Mike (2014). "Oxygen consumption dynamics in steady-state tumour ... including a 2015 research work on oxygen-radiation interactions (the "oxygen fixation hypothesis and oxygen enhancement ratio ... "A mechanistic investigation of the oxygen fixation hypothesis and oxygen enhancement ratio". Biomedical Physics & Engineering ... Grimes, D.R. "A Breath of Fresh Air-Shedding Light on Oxygen, Radiation and Cancer Treatment". Oxford, UK: self, University of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Robert_Grimes

ISBN 0-292-70673-1. Bucher, Theresa L.; Worthington, Andrea (May-June 1982). "Nocturnal Hypothermia and Oxygen Consumption in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-capped_manakin

Oxygen consumption VO2 and maximum oxygen consumption VO2 max. Oxygen consumption in species that differ in body size and organ ... The rate of oxygen consumption per gram body size decreases consistently with increasing body size. (Knut Schmidt-Nielson 2004 ... In addition, respiration costs with respect to oxygen consumption is scaled in the order of M 0.75 {\displaystyle M^{0.75}} . ... That the heart rate is lower means that larger animals can carry more blood, which carries more oxygen. In conjuncture with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allometry

This improves efficiency and helps to minimize oxygen consumption. Short, stiff-bladed fins are effective for short bursts of ... and designed to work with slow stiff-legged kicks that are claimed to conserve oxygen and energy. The vast majority are made in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimfin

Boetius, Antje; Wenzhöfer, Frank (September 2013). "Seafloor oxygen consumption fuelled by methane from cold seeps". Nature ... Furthermore, in these soft reduced sediments below the oxygen minimum zone off the Chilean margin, a diverse microbial ... "Large multicellular filamentous bacteria under the oxygen minimum zone of the eastern South Pacific: a forgotten biosphere". ... a continental slope encompassing oxygen gradients and methane seep benthic habitats". Marine Ecology. 31 (1): 111-124. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_seep

Oxygen is detected in the Martian atmosphere for the first time in 40 years. 10 May NASA's Kepler mission verifies 1,284 new ... "Coffee consumption linked to decreased risk of colorectal cancer". Science Daily. 1 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016. Martin ... "NASA just detected oxygen in the Martian atmosphere". Science Alert. 9 May 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2016. "NASA's Kepler Mission ... 3 October A study published by the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee shows that caffeine consumption may reduce the risk of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_in_science

"Simplified Versions of the Shunt and Oxygen Consumption Equations". Anesthesiology. 30 (4): 468-470. doi:10.1097/00000542- ... Arterial oxygen content CVO2 = Mixed Venous Oxygen Content The blood entering the pulmonary system will have oxygen flux Q t ⋅ ... If we add the oxygen content of Qs to Qc we get the oxygen content of Qt: Q t ⋅ C a O 2 = Q s ⋅ C v O 2 + ( Q t − Q s ) ⋅ C c O ... Similarly, the blood emerging from the pulmonary system will have oxygen flux Q t ⋅ C a O 2 {\displaystyle Q_{t}\cdot Ca_{O_{2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunt_equation

Oxygen consumption is high for a developing gentoo embryo. As the embryo grows and requires more oxygen, consumption increases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentoo_penguin

Bishop, C.; Butler, P. (1995). "Physiological modelling of oxygen consumption in birds during flight". Journal of Experimental ... Convection of oxygen to lungs via ventilation 2. The diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood stream 3. Oxygen-rich ... To compensate for less ambient oxygen, common ravens undergo increased respiratory rates, enhanced oxygen loading of hemoglobin ... At higher altitudes and in warmer climates the oxygen concentration in the air is lower compared to low altitude or colder ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_raven_physiology

This improves efficiency and helps to minimize oxygen consumption. Short, stiff-bladed fins are effective for short bursts of ... During the current 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic related shortages, full-face snorkel masks have been adapted to create oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snorkeling

The respiration activity is determined by measuring oxygen consumption. There is linear relationship between the current ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosensor

The pulmonary physician in critical care 2: oxygen delivery and consumption in the critically ill. Thorax 2002;57:170-7. RM ... Leach, R. M.; Treacher, D. F. (1 February 2002). "The pulmonary physician in critical care • 2: Oxygen delivery and consumption ... Acute Oxygen Therapy. ABC of Oxygen. BMJ 1998;317:798-801. "Professor Richard Leach". King Edward VII's Hospital. Retrieved 12 ... doi:10.1152/ajplung.2000.278.2.L294 - via DOI.org (Crossref). Bateman, N. T.; Leach, R. M. (19 September 1998). "Acute oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Leach_(physician)

Gelfan, Samuel (1935). "The Effect of Viosterol Upon Oxygen Consumption of Frog's Muscle". American Journal of Physiology. ... Gelfan, Samuel (1935). "The Effect of Viosterol Upon Oxygen Consumption of Frog's Muscle". American Journal of Physiology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Gelfan

Crawford, E. C., and Lasiewski, R. C. (1968). "Oxygen consumption and respiratory evaporation of the emu and rhea." Condor 333- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_chat

The exposure of the tea leaves to humidity and oxygen during the process also causes endo-oxidation (derived from the tea-leaf ... Many fermented teas do not arrive on the market ready for consumption. Instead, they may start as green teas or partially ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermented_tea

In addition to basic digital navigation skills and critical consumption of information, definitions of digital literacy have ... "Internet is the oxygen for start-ups. The Centre pulled that plug on August 5. The virtual world was our space for growth. Now ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_self-determination

Watts PD, Oritsland NA, Jonkel C, Ronald K (1981). "Mammalian hibernation and the oxygen consumption of a denning black bear ( ... where water and oxygen levels vary with the tide. Other animals able to survive long periods with very little or no oxygen ... Epaulette sharks have been documented to be able to survive for three hours without oxygen and at temperatures of up to 26 °C ( ... They can experience decreased metabolic rates associated with colder environments or low oxygen availability (hypoxia) and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibernation

What is not sold for human consumption is used as bait for rock lobster (Palinuridae) traps and other commercial and ... Upon dissection, the extremely large, dense gills (for maximum oxygen extraction) and large proportion of red aerobic muscle in ... fish catch in Western Australia and Australia in general is beyond the scope necessary for human and animal consumption, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arripis

Oxygen rebreathers are severely depth limited due to oxygen toxicity risk, which increases with depth, and the available ... This reduces the stress on divers who are already in a stressful situation, and this in turn reduces air consumption during the ... These gas mixes allow longer dives, better management of the risks of decompression sickness, oxygen toxicity or lack of oxygen ... An oxygen rebreather diver or a fully closed circuit rebreather diver consumes about 1 litre of oxygen corrected to atmospheric ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scuba_set

The turbofan Spey also had significantly lower fuel consumption than the pure-jet Gyron, which provided improved range. The ... and the crew's liquid oxygen life support system; the whole compartment was actively cooled by ram air drawn from the tailfin. ... Its operational profile included cruising at altitude (for reduced fuel consumption) before descending, just outside the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackburn_Buccaneer

Low-flow water fixtures in the building will reduce water consumption by 20%. In early 2015 Republic Services invested $19 ... Environmental Protection Agency Region 7 Administrator Mark Hague said this should help control the reaction by blocking oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_Services

Methanogens do not use oxygen to respire; in fact, oxygen inhibits the growth of methanogens. The terminal electron acceptor in ... Le Mer, J.; Roger, P. (2001). "Production, oxidation, Emission and Consumption of Methane by Soils: A Review". European Journal ... During the decay process, electron acceptors (such as oxygen, ferric iron, sulfate, and nitrate) become depleted, while ... methanogenesis is not oxygen, but carbon. The two best described pathways involve the use of acetic acid or inorganic carbon ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanogenesis

Increasing the substrate concentration may increase the viscosity of the media, lowers the rate of oxygen diffusivity, and ... the specific rate of substrate consumption, and specific growth rate. The following equations demonstrate the relationship ... Higher substrate concentrations are usually caused by osmotic issues, viscosity, or inefficient oxygen transport. By slowly ... Reasons for substrate inhibition in bioreactor cell growth includes osmotic issues, viscosity, or inefficient oxygen transport ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate_inhibition_in_bioreactors

It is well known that hypoxia and blackout due to lack of oxygen is common during this test. The first 16 hours are completed ... they have to minimize water consumption up to 1 litre water for 3 days and be able to go without sleep for 7 days. A 10 kg ... During the 11th hour, trial by water is conducted - simulated drowning, allowing only the bare minimum oxygen over a long ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para_(Special_Forces)

Hydrometallurgy entails the consumption of large volumes of lixiviants such as H2SO4, HCl, KCN, NaCN which have poor ... capability of the protons to act as oxygen acceptors, and on the temperature. It has been reported that eutectic ionic fluids ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extractive_metallurgy

... to allow extended diving times and cope with oxygen deprivation. If oxygen is depleted (hypoxia), marine mammals can access ... There have been human health concerns associated with the consumption of dolphin meat in Japan after tests showed that dolphin ... Other important reservoirs include muscles and the spleen which all have the capacity to hold a high concentration of oxygen. ... They are also capable of bradycardia (reduced heart rate), and vasoconstriction (shunting most of the oxygen to vital organs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_mammal

In many types of tissue, ATP consumption by the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPases have been related to glycolysis. This was first discovered in ... It also functions as a signal transducer/integrator to regulate the MAPK pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as ... mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and inositol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium–potassium_pump

Anaerobic processes occur in the absence of oxygen and produce less cell mass than aerobic processes. An additional benefit of ... a bacterium that kills strain-specific varieties of insect upon consumption. However, insects are able to adapt to Bacillus ... Aerobic processes occur in the presence of oxygen, take organic matter as input, and produce water, carbon dioxide, nitrate, ... oxygen concentration, and the waste products involved. Understanding of all aspects of the system and how they interact with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_biological_process_engineering

As air contains over 70% nitrogen by volume, some of it will react with oxygen during combustion. Given that those reactions ... engine power and fuel consumption. Higher rated ships can deliver significantly lower CO2 emissions across the voyage length, ... Other than replacing ambient air with pure oxygen or some other oxidizing agent, the only ways to significantly reduce the ... Nutrients in sewage, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, promote excessive algal blooms, which consumes oxygen in the water and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_effects_of_shipping

While hemlock toxicity primarily results from consumption, poisoning can also result from inhalation, and from skin contact.[ ... causing death from oxygen deprivation. It has been observed that poisoned animals return to feed on the plant after initial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conium_maculatum

The formation of an Arctic ice cap around 3 million years ago is signaled by an abrupt shift in oxygen isotope ratios and ice- ... A modern-day diet known as the Paleolithic diet exists, based on restricting consumption to the foods presumed to be available ... and women may have procured small game animals for consumption and assisted men in driving herds of large game animals (such as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic

These enzymes use both molecular oxygen and two NADPH's to dehydrate one of the hydroxyl groups on the anthraquinone and open ... reduction in feed consumption and decreased weight gain. Subchronic toxicity Subchronic toxicity studies of aflatoxin B1 in ... the quinine with the molecular oxygen. Upon forming the aldehyde in the ring opening step, it is oxidized to form the ... died of acute aflatoxin poisoning in several hospitals in the Machakos district of Kenya in 1981 following the consumption of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aflatoxin_B1

Oxygen rebreathers are severely depth limited due to oxygen toxicity risk, which increases with depth, and the available ... Hollows, Joanne; Bell, David (2012-12-28). Historicizing Lifestyle: Mediating Taste, Consumption and Identity from the 1900s to ... This early rebreather design worked with an oxygen reservoir, the oxygen being delivered progressively by the diver himself and ... while constantly replenishing it from an oxygen-rich supply so that the oxygen level is not depleted. The apparatus also has to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_scuba_diving

Additionally, if grown in liquid, cultures of this fungus can be externally stimulated to increase oxygen consumption by adding ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunninghamella_echinulata

Since thyroid hormone increases the heart's oxygen demand by increasing heart rate and contractility, starting at higher doses ... Biscaldi, Lauren (2 April 2017). "Oral Levothyroxine Absorption Reduced By Cow's Milk Consumption". endocrinologyadvisor. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levothyroxine

The average oxygen concentration was found to be about 1.59 mL/L at the depths they were found and the average temperature was ... and confers advantages in avoidance of predators and consumption of prey. A species from Chaunacidae, Chaunacops melanostomus, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_toad

... consumption continued to decrease while the quality of sake steadily improved. Today, sake has become a world beverage ... Maturation is caused by physical and chemical factors such as oxygen supply, the broad application of external heat, nitrogen ... New players on the scene-beer, wine, and spirits-became popular in Japan, and in the 1960s beer consumption surpassed sake for ... ISBN 0-19-860236-7. "alcohol consumption". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 9, 2017. Robinson, Jancis (2006). The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake

... typically between 60 and 80 percent oxygen to retain its appetizing color, with red meat such as beef needing a higher oxygen ... Beef aging (American English) or ageing is a process of preparing beef for consumption by aging it, in order to break down the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beef_aging

1.Table 1 The oxygen for this in low oxygen conditions comes from gulping air at the water surface. Unlike mammals, the part of ... The actual energy consumption per unit mass of its brain is not in fact particularly high and indeed lower (2.02 mg g1 h1) than ... The unusual high brain energy consumption percentage of mormyrinae fish is thus due to them having the unusual combination of a ... of their body O2 consumption. This is due to the combination of large brain size (3.1% of body mass compared to 2% in humans) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormyrinae

The annual industry consumption is very low, around 300 pounds, whereas vanillin is over 2.6 million pounds annually. Castoreum ... There are also oxygen-containing monoterpenes such as 6-methyl-l-heptanol, 4,6-dimethyl-l-heptanol, isopinocamphone, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castoreum

Consumption of herbs may cause adverse effects. Furthermore, "adulteration, inappropriate formulation, or lack of understanding ... reactive oxygen species and microbial attack to survive, providing defensive phytochemicals of use in herbalism. Indigenous ... On occasion serious untoward outcomes have been linked to herb consumption. A case of major potassium depletion has been ... just as a customer should inform a herbalist of their consumption of actual prescription and other medication. For example, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicine

Production had outpaced consumption leading to substantial inventory in freezers or as concentrate.[citation needed] Cranberry ... Zheng W, Wang SY (January 2003). "Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of phenolics in blueberries, cranberries, chokeberries, and ... Kessler T, Jansen B, Hesse A (October 2002). "Effect of blackcurrant-, cranberry- and plum juice consumption on risk factors ... March 2006). "The effects of cranberry juice consumption on antioxidant status and biomarkers relating to heart disease and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranberry

"The Man Who Discovered Oxygen and Gave the World Soda Water". New York Times. Retrieved 10 January 2015 "The Great Soda-Water ... A 2017 study by the American Dental Association showed that it would take over 100 years of daily sparkling water consumption ... In the 1970s marketing-driven terms such as sparkling water gained favor, with an explosion of consumption of the naturally ... "Joseph Priestley - Discovery of Oxygen - Invention of Soda Water by Joseph Priestley". Inventors.about.com. 2009-09-16. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonated_water

The atomic weights of carbon and oxygen are similar, while hydrogen is much lighter. Figures are presented in this way for ... will generate less kinetic energy due to inefficiencies and thermodynamic considerations-hence the specific fuel consumption of ... Generally the density values for chemical fuels do not include the weight of the oxygen required for combustion. ... 1 kg of diesel fuel burns with the oxygen contained in ≈15 kg of air). Electrochemical reactions are used by most mobile ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density

... regression models were developed to determine peak and average oxygen consumption rates as well as total oxygen consumption. ... However, no contemporary oxygen consumption data is available for the purposes of designing breathing air supply equipment ... Mining Publication: Development of a Model to Determine Oxygen Consumption When Crawling. Keywords: Closed circuit breathing ... To address this need, 14 participants crawled a distance of 305 m each while their breath-by-breath oxygen consumption ...

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/works/coversheet1932.html

In this study the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), and related metabolic measures, following a 50 minute run ... Effect of split exercise sessions on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption Br J Sports Med. 1990 Jun;24(2):95-8. doi: 10.1136 ... In this study the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), and related metabolic measures, following a 50 minute run ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2265322/

THE BLOOD FLOW, VASCULAR RESISTANCE, AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE BRAIN IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION ... THE BLOOD FLOW, VASCULAR RESISTANCE, AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE BRAIN IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/101998/scanned-page/514

... the CLARIOstar with Atmospheric Control Unit assesses mitochondrial function via extracellular acidification and rate of oxygen ... 305_Measuring changes in cellular metabolism by monitoring extracellular acidification and oxygen consumption in real-time. ... The current technologies used to assess mitochondrial function via extracellular acidiﬁcation (ECA) and oxygen consumption rate ... Hoffman, D.L. et al (2007) Respsonse of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation to steady-state oxygen tension: ...

https://www.bmglabtech.com/en/application-notes/measuring-changes-in-cellular-metabolism-by-monitoring-extracellular-acidification-and-oxygen-consumption-in-real-time/

Determination of local oxygen consumption rates in tumors. ... is influenced by the local oxygen consumption rate. Consumption ... Determination of local oxygen consumption rates in tumors. Journal Article (Journal Article) ... Using oxygen electrodes, we measured PO2 profiles across microregions (87 microns to 286 microns wide) of tumors (R3230AC ... By comparing measured PO2 values with theoretical simulations, we deduced local consumption rates. Results for six profiles ...

https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub647643

Incremental exercise test for the evaluation of peak oxygen consumption in paralympic swimmers - The Journal of Sports Medicine ... BACKGROUND: Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) is a fundamental parameter used to evaluate physical capacity. The objective of ... Incremental exercise test for the evaluation of peak oxygen consumption in paralympic swimmers. Helton de SÁ SOUZA 1, 2, ... Incremental exercise test for the evaluation of peak oxygen consumption in paralympic swimmers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2016 ...

https://www.minervamedica.it/it/riviste/sports-med-physical-fitness/articolo.php?cod=R40Y2016N04A0368

After a slow rise in oxygen consumption during the initial stages of metamorphosis, the rates reached 50.5 and 60.4 μl g−1 h−1 ... Standard oxygen consumption and ventilatory frequency were influenced greatly by temperature, e.g. values for stage 6 of L. ... Standard oxygen consumption has been measured during the six stages of metamorphosis in both the anadromous parasitic lamprey, ... Standard oxygen consumption has been measured during the six stages of metamorphosis in both the anadromous parasitic lamprey, ...

https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/69/1/187/22408/Oxygen-Consumption-During-the-Metamorphosis-of-the

Renal oxygen consumption (V̇O2,ren) is an important parameter that has been shown to be influenced by various ... Mik, E.G, Johannes, T, & Ince, C. (2008). Monitoring of renal venous PO2 and kidney oxygen consumption in rats by a near- ... Monitoring of renal venous PO2 and kidney oxygen consumption in rats by a near-infrared phosphorescence lifetime technique. ... Oxygen-dependent quenching, Oxyphor G2, Pd-porphyrin, Time-resolved spectroscopy Persistent URL doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal. ...

https://repub.eur.nl/pub/29607

Oxygen delivery but not consumption was increased in all GIK groups (p less than or equal to 0.005). ... improve cardiovascular performance post coronary artery bypass graft surgery without increasing systemic oxygen consumption. AM ... improve cardiovascular performance post coronary artery bypass graft surgery without increasing systemic oxygen consumption (. ...

https://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0009/ea0009p166

... oxygen extraction fraction and oxygen consumption in neonates",. abstract = "Background and purpose: Brain oxygen consumption ... Non-invasive MRI measurements of venous oxygenation, oxygen extraction fraction and oxygen consumption in neonates. / De Vis, J ... Non-invasive MRI measurements of venous oxygenation, oxygen extraction fraction and oxygen consumption in neonates. NeuroImage ... Non-invasive MRI measurements of venous oxygenation, oxygen extraction fraction and oxygen consumption in neonates. In: ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/non-invasive-mri-measurements-of-venous-oxygenation-oxygen-extrac

The oxygen consumption of the whole blastoderm remained constant (6 nmol O2 X hr-1) throughout the period studied, although the ... The regional oxygen fluxes varied from 0.41 to 1.13 nmol O2 X hr-1 X mm-2 at stage VI and from 0.42 to 0.70 nmol O2 X hr-1 X mm ... At stage X, there was a tendency for the oxygen fluxes to decrease from the posterior to the anterior regions of the area ... Oxygen fluxes in minute regions of the intact blastoderms were measured in vitro by scanning microspectrophotometry in the ...

https://serval.unil.ch/en/notice/serval:BIB_027DDC13C4A1

... ... Title : Estimated versus achieved maximal oxygen consumption in severely burned children Maximal oxygen consumption in burned ... In burned children, exercise training increases maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and can be combined with the nonspecific ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/61312

A cell-free system capable of using oxygen with oxalacetate as substrate has been prepared from both unfertilized and ... 2. The oxygen consumption of this cell-free oxidative system can be stimulated by addition of suitable concentrations of 4,6- ... Robert K. Crane, Anna K. Keltch; DINITROCRESOL AND PHOSPHATE STIMULATION OF THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF A CELL-FREE OXIDATIVE ... DINITROCRESOL AND PHOSPHATE STIMULATION OF THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF A CELL-FREE OXIDATIVE SYSTEM OBTAINED FROM SEA URCHIN EGGS ...

https://rupress.org/jgp/article/32/4/503/12224/DINITROCRESOL-AND-PHOSPHATE-STIMULATION-OF-THE

SOUZA, Bárbara Capitanio de. Influence of the use of mouth guards on oxygen consumption: review article. Rev. Bras. Odontol. [ ... "maximum volume of oxygen," "aerobic performance capacity," and "oxygen consumption." The articles found were presented in a ... Palavras-chave : Mouth protectors; Athletic performance; Oxygen consumption.. · resumo em Português · texto em Português · pdf ...

http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0034-72722017000200012&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en

Oxygen consumption and ventilation were related to body weight and the maximum figures for ventilation and oxygen consumption ... Oxygen consumption and ventilation were related to body weight and the maximum figures for ventilation and oxygen consumption ... Oxygen consumption and ventilation were related to body weight and the maximum figures for ventilation and oxygen consumption ... Oxygen consumption and ventilation were related to body weight and the maximum figures for ventilation and oxygen consumption ...

https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/oxygen-consumption-and-ventilation-during-simulated-escape-from-a

The Relation Between the Dosage of Desiccated Thyroid and its Effect on the Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Individuals. - ... The Relation Between the Dosage of Desiccated Thyroid and its Effect on the Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Individuals.. ...

https://scite.ai/reports/the-relation-between-the-dosage-bdprlZ

Net photosynthetic production; Net bacterial production/consumption; Oxygen; Estuarine waters. Subjects:. Aquaculture. ... An approach to differentiate net photosynthetic and other biochemical production and consumption of oxygen in estuarine water ... An approach to differentiate net photosynthetic and other biochemical production and consumption of oxygen in estuarine water ... This paper proposes an Improvement in the formula to assessment of oxygen which has been tested using a series of data ...

http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/6080/

Stress has resulted in fall in rectal temperature and increase or decrease in oxygen consumption even when one animal of the ... In this work, influence of stress on oxygen consumption and rectal temperature was studied in parabiotic albino rats, to show ... Influence of stress on oxygen consumption and rectal temperature in parabiotic albino rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and ... Influence of stress on oxygen consumption and rectal temperature in parabiotic albino rats. ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/108815?locale=ar

Increased oxygen consumption * Increased carbon dioxide production * Accelerated activity of the glycolytic and lipolytic ... necessitating treatment with high concentrations of oxygen. It also makes adequate hydration and sufficient administration of ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1009987-177734/what-is-the-pathophysiology-of-salicylate-toxicity

The average oxygen consumption rate was 13.8 ± 2.5 picomoles per minute per worm. The average across 57 wells (on 6 Seahorse ... This is a protocol for the determination of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in living C. elegans using the Seahorse apparatus ...

http://wbg.wormbook.org/tag/oxygen-consumption/

The effect of high-intensity interval training on post-exercise oxygen consumption: a meta-analysis / Efecto del entrenamiento ... The effect of high-intensity interval training on post-exercise oxygen consumption: a meta ... exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) for two training intervention models in healthy individuals, and the secondary objective was ... to understand whether oxygen consumption after exercise could really promote a meaningful help. Design:. To design a meta- ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/biblio-1387930

7 Things to Know About Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC). Exercises for Obese Clients: Training Progressions to ...

https://www.acefitness.org/resources/pros/expert-articles/5715/motivation-techniques-for-your-hard-to-motivate-clients/

What is Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)?. Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is the measure of ... "Metabolic Bases of Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption: A Review." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, vol. 16, no ... "Effect of Exercise Intensity, Duration and Mode on Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption." Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), vol. 33 ... "The Effect of Exercise Duration on the Exercise and Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption." Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences = ...

https://experiencelife.lifetime.life/article/excess-post-exercise-oxygen-consumption/

The history of measuring oxygen consumption dates back to the 1920s with the pioneered work of A.V. Hill, Hartley Lupton and ... Leading to the speculation that specific value for maximal oxygen consumption may not exist. Indeed, maximal oxygen consumption ... Astrand and Saltin later confirmed that rises in oxygen consumption were a function of work rate and would not increase after ... There is an existence of a finite rate of oxygen consumption that exists during intense exercise, of which no further effort ...

https://vo2master.com/2019/12/13/the-historical-context-of-measuring-oxygen-consumption/

... regression models that can be used to determine peak and average oxygen consumption rates as well as total oxygen consumption. ... An interagency agreement to investigate efficiency improvements for pure oxygen breathing apparatuses used by miners in ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/niosh-mining/?facetGroups=Equipment,+tools,+and+parts=Escape+and+rescue+equipment;Escape+lifelines;^^Document+types=&p=2&ResultsPerPage=Ten&Sort=Relevance

Rishikesh Patel and others published The Effects of Dark Chocolate Consumption on Exercise Tolerance and Performance in Cycling ... Patel, R, Brouner, J.B & Spendiff, O. (2017). Dark Chocolate Supplementation Reduces the Oxygen Cost.... March 2017 ... Oil consumption, lubrication oil ash content and injector timing were found to be the major contributors to ... [Show full ... To minimise the water consumption in arid areas the re-use of water has been common practice for many years. The Zero Liquid ...

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318844644_The_Effects_of_Dark_Chocolate_Consumption_on_Exercise_Tolerance_and_Performance_in_Cycling_2717_Board_3_May_30_2

Extremely high metabolism also increases oxygen and energy consumption. Cardiac findings of mild-to-moderate sinus tachycardia ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/925147-overview

Spurr GB, Barac-Nieto M, Maksud MG (1977). Productivity and maximal oxygen consumption in sugar cane cutters. American Journal ... intake and/or the consumption of non-nutritious food, and thus to malnutrition. On the other hand, malnutrition itself can have ...

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/9241591870.pdf

Oxygen-consumption ... and heart rates on work rate were also applied to oxygen uptake ... For climbing a ladder at inclination of 30 degrees from vertical the whole body oxygen uptake was linearly related to both work ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=heart+or+cardiac+or+cardiovascular+or+cardiopulmonary+or+cerebrovascular+or+fatality&f1=TI&Startyear=&t1=1&s2=heart+or+cardiac+or+cardiovascular+or+cardiopulmonary+or+cerebrovascular+&terms=3&Adv=1&ct=&B1=Search&f2=KW&Limit=500&Sort=DP+DESC&whichdate=DP&D1=10&EndYear=&PageNo=231&RecNo=2307&View=f&

In vitro Determination of Oxygen Consumption Rates. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) ... Neonatal rat cardiomyoctyes (NRCMs) challenged with RELMα exhibit a decreased oxygen consumption rate (OCR). (A) Schematic ... Keywords: fatty acid oxidation, mitochondria, RELMα, heart failiure, oxygen consumption rate ... Metabolic profile of the stimulatory effect of RELMα on oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and glycolysis in primary cultured ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.574708/full

In this study the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), and related metabolic measures, following a 50 minute run compared to two 25 minute runs all at 70 per cent of peak VO2 in six women were investigated. (nih.gov)
The objective of this study was to present a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare total excess post- exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) for two training intervention models in healthy individuals, and the secondary objective was to understand whether oxygen consumption after exercise could really promote a meaningful help. (bvsalud.org)
What is Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)? (lifetime.life)
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is the measure of calories you burn above your resting metabolic rate following exercise. (lifetime.life)
Our findings suggest that dynamic exertion is not required to augment post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), and that the amount of exercising skeletal mass is an additional variable to consider when relating exercise to EPOC. (lww.com)
The number one benefit of metabolic circuit training is that it raises your Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) which means that you will continue to burn more calories after the workout is over. (muscleandstrength.com)

Leading to the speculation that specific value for maximal oxygen consumption may not exist. (vo2master.com)
Indeed, maximal oxygen consumption values vary depending on how quickly a protocol is completed as well as the modality of exercise. (vo2master.com)
And while a true maximal oxygen consumption value may be hard to measure, the utility of this measurement cannot be ignored. (vo2master.com)
Identified almost 100 years ago, maximal oxygen consumption is currently thought to be a great predictor of endurance performance when examining a wide variety of participants (untrained to highly trained individuals). (vo2master.com)
But as endurance events are not completed at maximal intensity, it is thought that endurance performance is augmented by the ability to maintain adequate oxygen delivery to maintain cellular energy homeostasis at high intensities of exercise coupled to an economical transfer of chemical energy to mechanical energy. (vo2master.com)
For example, a deconditioned individual might have a maximal oxygen consumption of 35 milliliters (ml) of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min), whereas an elite athlete may have a maximal oxygen consumption up to 92 ml/kg/min! (emedicinehealth.com)
Research shows that strength training helps weight loss by increasing the resting metabolic rate, total energy expenditure, and maximal oxygen consumption. (healthdailyreport.com)

VV̇O2,renhas to be repeatedly measured during an experiment to gain insight in the dynamics of (dys)regulation of oxygen metabolism. (eur.nl)
Extremely high metabolism also increases oxygen and energy consumption. (medscape.com)
Effect of Cd, Zn on Oxygen and Phosphate metabolism of blue gill live mitochondria. (ansfoundation.org)
That involves photographing the eggs through a microscope to track development, taking underwater videos of how the mothers care for the babies, monitoring their oxygen consumption to track their metabolism and freezing some eggs to later investigate chemical aspects and changes in enzyme activity, said Abbey Sisti, a doctoral student looking at lobster behavior. (pilotonline.com)
the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (bvsalud.org)

The oxygen uptake by this system is about twice that of an equivalent quantity of intact unfertilized eggs and half that of an equivalent quantity of intact fertilized eggs. (rupress.org)
Our study focused on the analysis of high- and moderate-intensity oxygen uptake results following exercise . (bvsalud.org)
The pioneering work of A.V. Hill, Hartley Lupton, and Colleagues in the early 1920s was the first to identify this concept, that there was a limited amount of oxygen that the body could uptake and consume. (vo2master.com)
For climbing a ladder at inclination of 30 degrees from vertical the whole body oxygen uptake was linearly related to both work rate in kilogram-meters and body weight in kilograms with the regression coefficients for work rate higher and for body weight lower for males than for females. (cdc.gov)
The linearity of ventilation and heart rates on work rate were also applied to oxygen uptake and revealed somewhat steeper regression for females than for males. (cdc.gov)

Scan-based delay testing increases power consumption, particularly peak power, due to excessive simultaneous signal switching. (researchgate.net)
Breathing increases during aerobic exercise to bring oxygen into your body. (emedicinehealth.com)
Given the body would consume more oxygen as intensity increases, that'd also meant that, in general, the higher your client's heart rate, the more they're challenging themselves. (afpafitness.com)
Even more, the breathing rate also increases and oxygen level in your blood, therefore. (jokespinoy.com)
It also increases optimum oxygen consumption and as a result, it effectively reduces body fat leading to weight loss. (healthdailyreport.com)
It enhances excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and increases lipoprotein lipase activity as well. (healthdailyreport.com)

The hemoglobin saturation curve and its pH dependency were determined for calculation of renal venous oxygen content. (eur.nl)
Peripheral Venous Dynamics, Venous Oxygen Saturation and Local Oxygen Consumption Measured with. (rwth-aachen.de)

In exercise physiology, oxygen consumption is the golden standard for measuring exercise intensity during aerobic (i.e., "needs oxygen") exercise. (afpafitness.com)
Nitric oxide regulation of mitochondrial oxygen consumption I: cellular physiology. (org.ua)

Background and purpose: Brain oxygen consumption reflects neuronal activity and can therefore be used to investigate brain development or neuronal injury in neonates. (elsevier.com)
Measurement of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRo2) in response to increased neuronal activity is critical to our understanding of energetics associated with brain function. (elsevier.com)
At the heart of this controversy is the effect of elevated neuronal activity on regional cerebral oxygen consumption rate. (elsevier.com)

The search strategy employed the term "mouth guard" with the following words and possible combinations: "ventilatory thresholds," "athletic performance," "maximum volume of oxygen," "aerobic performance capacity," and "oxygen consumption. (bvsalud.org)
Aerobic' means 'in the presence of, or with, oxygen. (emedicinehealth.com)
During aerobic exercise, more oxygen is delivered to the muscles than during anaerobic exercise, and so it follows that a higher percentage of fat is burned during aerobic exercise when more oxygen is available. (emedicinehealth.com)
In aerobic respiration, does inhale molecular oxygen (O2) combine chemically with carbon to produce CO2? (mynursingessay.com)

Known as excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, this reaction raises a lot of questions: Does it help you lose weight? (lifetime.life)
Effect of Resistance Training on Excess Post-exercise Oxygen. (lww.com)
Then potassium iodide is added in excess which in the dark immediately reacts with the active oxygen (peroxide) to iodine. (mibellebiochemistry.com)
These prevention strategies reduce excess calorie consumption by curbing food cravings leading to weight loss. (healthdailyreport.com)

Dissolved oxygen is a term describing the amount of oxygen molecules (O 2 ) which are dissolved in a liquid phase under certain conditions. (azocleantech.com)
TPO 5000 selectively measures the total amount of oxygen in beverages, made up of headspace oxygen and dissolved oxygen, directly out of cans, glass bottles, and PET bottles. (anton-paar.com)
Smoking decreases the amount of oxygen delivered to tissues. (kimmel.life)

SVRI was estimated at rest and at anaerobic threshold (AT) by VO 2 (oxygen consumption)/pulse and previously validated estimates of C[a-v]O 2 (arteriovenous difference in oxygen content). (medrxiv.org)

Oxygen consumption and respiration following two yoga relaxation techniques. (bvsalud.org)

The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2 ) was the resultant of the venous oxygenation and arterial spin labeling whole brain cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements. (elsevier.com)

The current technologies used to assess mitochondrial function via extracellular acidiﬁcation (ECA) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) are often designed in such a way that they ignore the impact of O 2 concentration on cellular bioenergetics. (bmglabtech.com)
At any location in a respiring tissue, partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) is influenced by the local oxygen consumption rate. (duke.edu)
Although no circadian rhythm was detectable in the oxygen consumption of larvae, an elevation in the metabolic rate was present during darkness in L. fluviatilis at the end of metamorphosis. (biologists.com)
This is a protocol for the determination of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in living C. elegans using the Seahorse apparatus with 24-well plates. (wormbook.org)
The average oxygen consumption rate was 13.8 ± 2.5 picomoles per minute per worm. (wormbook.org)
There is an existence of a finite rate of oxygen consumption that exists during intense exercise, of which no further effort will increase. (vo2master.com)
Astrand and Saltin later confirmed that rises in oxygen consumption were a function of work rate and would not increase after certain outputs were reached. (vo2master.com)
The relaxation rate constants of the 19F nuclides on the perfluorocarbon are linearly dependent on the dissolved paramagnetic oxygen concentration and, thus, allow a straightforward measurement of oxygen tension. (elsevier.com)
SUMMARY ANSWER The system enabled the oxygen consumption rate of spheroids, bovine embryos and frozen-thawed human embryos to be measured, and this rate corresponded to the developmental potential of embryos. (elsevier.com)
Existing systems such as the scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique, which enables the measurement of oxygen consumption rate in embryos, need improvement in usability before they can be applied to a clinical setting. (elsevier.com)
The feasibility of measuring the oxygen consumption rate was assessed using CERMs for 9 spheroids, 9 bovine embryos and 30 redundant frozen-thawed human embryos. (elsevier.com)
The endpoints for the study were whether CERMs could detect a dissolved oxygen gradient with high sensitivity, had comparable accuracy to the SECM measuring system with improved usability, and could predict the development of an embryo to a blastocyst by measuring the oxygen consumption rate. (elsevier.com)
The relationship between the oxygen consumption rate and standard morphological evaluation was also examined. (elsevier.com)
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We developed a new CERMs, which enables the oxygen consumption rate to be measured automatically using an electrochemical method. (elsevier.com)
The device was initially used for measuring a dissolved oxygen concentration gradient in order to calculate oxygen consumption rate using nine spheroids. (elsevier.com)
Furthermore, the developed blastocysts were scored using the blastocyst quality score (BQS), and the correlation with oxygen consumption rate was also assessed. (elsevier.com)
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The device enabled the oxygen consumption rate of an embryo to be measured automatically within a minute. (elsevier.com)
Although a positive linear relationship between BQS and the oxygen consumption rate was observed [the determination coefficient was R 2 = 0.6537 (P = 0.008)], two blastocysts exhibited low oxygen consumption rates considering their relatively high BQS. (elsevier.com)
Metabolic, heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO 2 ) responses were recorded during both trials. (montclair.edu)
Fresh water prawns, Macrobrachium lamarrei were subjected to acute concentration, 0.304 mg/l (96h LC50) of Copper sulphate to evaluate its effects on scaphognathite oscillations and oxygen consumption rate. (ansfoundation.org)
Changes in oxygen consumption and heart rate of the blue swimming crab, Protunus pelagicus ( Linnaeus 1766) following sublethal concentration of copper. (ansfoundation.org)
Effect of cadmium on oxygen consumption and filteration rate at different salinities in an estuarine clam Meretrix costa (Chemnitz). (ansfoundation.org)
This is because of the physiologic changes that take place during pregnancy, including increased heart rate and oxygen consumption, decreased lung capacity, and a shift away from cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)
begin with a known or a realistic guess for an oxygen metabolic rate for the diver. (tdisdi.com)
At a consumption rate of two litres per minute, that means we have enough oxygen for a maximum of 300 minutes! (tdisdi.com)
Respiratory gas analysis was performed to check oxygen consumption rate. (e-arm.org)
The hip flexor volume to hip extensor volume ratio in the involved limb and oxygen consumption rate during comfortable gait were negatively correlated (r=-0.96, p=0.04). (e-arm.org)
In individuals who underwent unilateral TFA, hip girdle muscle imbalance in the involved limbs may be associated with oxygen consumption rate while using a prosthesis. (e-arm.org)
Also, laughing can boost your heart rate and oxygen consumption immediately and effortlessly. (jokespinoy.com)

Recent clinical and animal studies have suggested that ventricular- vascular coupling normally operates at either optimal ventricular efficiency (EFF = stroke work/myocardial oxygen consumption) or stroke work (SW) and that efficiency in particular is compromised by cardiac dysfunction. (elsevier.com)
For a given inotropic state [indexed by the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (E(es))], myocardial oxygen consumption and SW were measured over a broad range of afterload resistances. (elsevier.com)
Effect of free fatty acids on myocardial function and oxygen consumption in intact dogs. (revistasad.com)

To minimise the water consumption in arid areas the re-use of water has been common practice for many years. (researchgate.net)
Non-invoiced water includes losses of water in the pipe network, own water consumption or possible free water supplies, e. g. for fire protection purposes. (statistics.sk)

Studies have shown that individuals who undergo TFA have increased energy consumption during walking compared with those who undergo trans-tibial amputation [ 6 - 8 ]. (e-arm.org)

Determination of local oxygen consumption rates in tumors. (duke.edu)
A close correlation in the oxygen consumption rates of bovine embryos was observed between the SECM measuring system and CERMs, with a determination coefficient of 0.8203 (P = 0.0008). (elsevier.com)
In the determination, the peroxide-bound active oxygen atoms, which can react with potassium iodide, are measured per kilogram of fat. (mibellebiochemistry.com)

Using these data, linear regression models were developed to determine peak and average oxygen consumption rates as well as total oxygen consumption. (cdc.gov)
A report on the development of linear regression models that can be used to determine peak and average oxygen consumption rates as well as total oxygen consumption. (cdc.gov)

Dark Chocolate Supplementation Reduces the Oxygen Cost. (researchgate.net)
This simple act reduces consumption by half. (naturemoms.com)

The Effects of Dark Chocolate Consumption on Exercise Tolerance and Performance in Cycling. (researchgate.net)
5 Exercise tolerance, typically represented as oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) less than 12-14 ml/kg/min, is a commonly recommended indicator for advanced therapies. (medrxiv.org)

Consumption rates in vascular tumor tissues have previously been estimated for macroscopic regions. (duke.edu)
It arises in tissues when oxygen consumption by the cells outpaces supply, due to elevated oxygen demand in metabolically active cells and decreased oxygen transport to the center of the tumor because of inefficient vascularization. (frontiersin.org)

Trees help reduce carbon dioxide and increase oxygen, which we breathe in. (naturemoms.com)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether resting energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, and oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production (measured by indirect calorimetry) differ between critically ill patients with vs without sepsis. (bvsalud.org)
Demographic and clinical data were collected, including age, body mass index, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory quotient, and resting energy expenditure, with the clinical data measured or estimated via indirect calorimetry. (bvsalud.org)

In conjunction with perfusion measurement using arterial 1H spin-labeling technique, regional cerebral oxygen consumption can be derived. (elsevier.com)

It will likely use a curved organic light-emitting diode (OLED) touchscreen and collect health-related data, such as calorie consumption, sleep activity, blood glucose and blood oxygen levels. (osxdaily.com)

Because oxygen use efficacy is already proven in the treatment of patients with respiratory conditions caused by COVID-19, there is a great opportunity to improve its effectiveness if its use is promoted in a rational, sustainable and safe way. (campusvirtualsp.org)
patients that have brachycephalic syndrome or any other disease process that inhibits proper function of the upper part of the respiratory system should be considered an increased risk and delivery of oxygen via face mask should take place in recovery. (dvm360.com)
He soon discovered that one of the ingredients in Preparation H™ was called skin respiratory factor (SRF), which was used to increase oxygen intake and soothe inflamed tissue (Subramanyam 1984). (prep-h.com)

BACKGROUND: Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) is a fundamental parameter used to evaluate physical capacity. (minervamedica.it)

Research shows that SRF influences oxygen consumption on the part of fibroblasts, the connective tissue cells that manufacture collagen (Goodson 1976). (prep-h.com)

This paper proposes an Improvement in the formula to assessment of oxygen which has been tested using a series of data collected from the shallow estuarine waters of the 'Mangalvanam' (mangrove biotope) at Cochin. (org.in)

Between 80% and 60% saturation the desaturation curves were linear in all groups and the oxygen consumption was calculated from this part of the curves. (annalsoftransplantation.com)

Standard oxygen consumption and ventilatory frequency were influenced greatly by temperature, e.g. values for stage 6 of L. fluviatilis rose from 24.3 μl g −1 h −1 and 33.0 beats min −1 at 5 °C to 103.8 μl g −1 h −1 and 98.2 beats min −1 at 15 °C. (biologists.com)

Renal oxygen consumption (V̇O2,ren) is an important parameter that has been shown to be influenced by various pathophysiological circumstances. (eur.nl)
In a free White Paper, Dr. Sabrina Gschwind, product manager sensors and electrodes at Metrohm AG takes a comprehensive look at dissolved oxygen and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the methods commonly used to determine this parameter. (azocleantech.com)

Minimise your consumption of added sugar and refined carbs. (kimmel.life)

There were significant decreases in oxygen consumption for more flexible soles. (cdc.gov)

We have 2 liter flow oxygen concentrators with the latest features and from brands like AirSep and Respironics. (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)
Shop the wide variety of 2 liter flow concentrators available to you at Oxygen Concentrator Store that will help you to take care of your oxygen therapy needs. (oxygenconcentratorstore.com)

We tested the hypothesis that inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO) inhibits oxygen consumption (Vo 2 ) in human intestine resected for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). (nature.com)

Your VO2 max is the max volume of oxygen you can consume at your highest intensity of exercise. (lifetime.life)

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the volume of oxygen consumed in aerobe biochemical decomposition process of organic compounds present in the water for a period of 5 days at standard conditions. (statistics.sk)

Stress has resulted in fall in rectal temperature and increase or decrease in oxygen consumption even when one animal of the pair was subjected to stress, suggesting involvement of humoral factor(s). (who.int)
He enumerated the various steps being taken to increase the supply of oxygen. (indiatimes.com)
Do the rates of oxygen consumption and ATP formation increase, decrease, or remain constant? (mynursingessay.com)

In this paper we present the first results of a non-invasive MRI method to evaluate whole brain oxygen consumption in neonates. (elsevier.com)
Conclusion: We presented an MRI technique to evaluate whole-brain oxygen consumption in neonates non-invasively. (elsevier.com)

From the T 1 and the T 2 of blood, the venous oxygenation and the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) were calculated. (elsevier.com)
Once inside your body the oxygen is (1) processed by the lungs , (2) transferred to the bloodstream where it is carried by red blood cells to the heart, and then (3) pumped by the heart to the exercising muscles via the circulatory system, where it is used by the muscle to produce energy. (emedicinehealth.com)
Oxygen consumption' describes the process of muscles extracting, or consuming, oxygen from the blood. (emedicinehealth.com)
Many aspects of the hemodynamic and metabolic responses underlying the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI contrast remain poorly understood and controversial. (elsevier.com)
Working posture also affects blood supply and oxygen delivery to the brain, which influences cognitive skills. (flexispot.com)

VO2max is identified as the plateau in oxygen consumption even though the intensity is still increasing. (vo2master.com)
The higher the oxygen demand during a particular session, the higher the intensity. (afpafitness.com)

The phosphorescent oxygen and pH probe (Cayman Chemical) combined with the CLARIOstar and ACU provides a 'push button' multiplexed system with the potential for monitoring additional cell health outcomes. (bmglabtech.com)
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a consumption of oxygen (O2) by the dichromate method. (statistics.sk)
Leachate from municipal waste due to high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dark color is a potential pollutant of the environment, which causes a lot of problems in the absence of treatment and direct discharge to the environment. (advbiores.net)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Influence of stress on oxygen consumption and rectal temperature in parabiotic albino rats. (who.int)
In this work, influence of stress on oxygen consumption and rectal temperature was studied in parabiotic albino rats, to show the possibility of involvement of humoral factors. (who.int)

in the same breath fuel consumption and pollutant emissions are reduced. (wagner-tuningshop.de)

An interagency agreement to investigate efficiency improvements for pure oxygen breathing apparatuses used by miners in emergencies, namely SCSRs, and to develop an improved ergonomically designed SCSR. (cdc.gov)
In the Oxyfuel process, the combustion processes are carried out by means of an oxygen burner (Oxyfuel burner) which is operated with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air as an oxidising agent. (messer.mk)

Oxygen consumption and ventilation were related to body weight and the maximum figures for ventilation and oxygen consumption were seen in individuals of over the 95th centile for weight who completed the exercise more quickly than other subjects. (elsevier.com)
The Relation Between the Dosage of Desiccated Thyroid and its Effect on the Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Individuals. (scite.ai)
Conditioned individuals have higher levels of oxygen consumption than deconditioned individuals ('couch potatoes') due to biological changes in the muscles from chronic exercise training. (emedicinehealth.com)

In this reaction, a peroxide radical (a particle of two oxygen atoms) attacks the fat next to a double bond. (mibellebiochemistry.com)

Values like this are expressed as VO2 (volume of oxygen consumed) and can be measured with special equipment in a laboratory. (emedicinehealth.com)
calculate your starting volume of available oxygen. (tdisdi.com)
Ultimately, this cooling enables an optimised combustion process , because the cold air - assuming the same volume - contains significantly more oxygen than hot air. (wagner-tuningshop.de)

This course seeks to convey basic informative and educational content on medical oxygen. (campusvirtualsp.org)
The content includes all the stages in oxygen management: from manufacturing, storage, distribution and controls to dispensing to patients. (campusvirtualsp.org)

To address this need, 14 participants crawled a distance of 305 m each while their breath-by-breath oxygen consumption measurements were taken. (cdc.gov)
The participants were instructed to run at increasing speeds around an 85m track and then oxygen consumption values were plotted. (vo2master.com)
However, during intense exercise, not all participants reach a plateau in oxygen consumption. (vo2master.com)
That participants acquire theoretical knowledge on how to plan and manage oxygen, promoting its use in a rational, sustainable and safe way in health care establishments (hospitals, clinics, home use, etc. (campusvirtualsp.org)

The oxygen concentration gradient profile showed excellent linearity in a distance-dependent change. (elsevier.com)

This will make it possible to rationalize its consumption and prevent the efficiency loss of this gas during its storage, distribution and administration. (campusvirtualsp.org)

Anatomy16

Organisms12

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs78

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment52

Psychiatry and Psychology9

Phenomena and Processes79

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena10

Technology, Industry, Agriculture20

Information Science1

Health Care23

Fecal coliform elevated-temperature test: a physiological basis. (1/14332)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (2/14332)

Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on vascular resistance, nitric oxide production, and glucose and oxygen consumption in perfused tissue-isolated human melanoma xenografts. (3/14332)

Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy. (4/14332)

Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (5/14332)

Myocardial oxygenation during high work states in hearts with postinfarction remodeling. (6/14332)

Energy cost of propulsion in standard and ultralight wheelchairs in people with spinal cord injuries. (7/14332)

The respiratory responses of Carcinus maenas to declining oxygen tension. (8/14332)

Oxygen Consumption

Oxygen

Reactive Oxygen Species

Energy Metabolism

Alcohol Drinking

Physical Exertion

Exercise Test

Partial Pressure

Carbon Dioxide

Heart Rate

Exercise

Mitochondria

Lactic Acid

Oxygen Inhalation Therapy

Polarography

Oxidation-Reduction

Myocardium

Body Temperature Regulation

Lactates

Singlet Oxygen

Cell Respiration

Hemodynamics

Diet

Cardiac Output

Time Factors

Exercise Tolerance

Coronary Circulation

Ion-Selective Electrodes

Respiration

Glucose

Anoxia

Body Temperature

Dogs

Pulmonary Gas Exchange

Adenosine Triphosphate

Oxygen Isotopes

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Body Weight

Basal Metabolism

Physical Endurance

Blood Pressure

Ethanol

Blood Gas Analysis

Beverages

Muscle, Skeletal

Heart

Glycolysis

Vegetables

Regional Blood Flow

Anaerobic Threshold

Coffee

Perfusion

Eating

Fruit

Hydrogen Peroxide

Oximetry

Aerobiosis

Oxidative Stress

Running

Physical Fitness

Shivering

Calorimetry, Indirect

Hemoglobins

Kinetics

Alcoholic Beverages

Oxyhemoglobins

Rats, Wistar

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Analysis of Variance

Myocardial Contraction

Antioxidants

Energy Intake

Fishes

Uncoupling Agents

Food Habits

Cold Temperature

Mitochondria, Heart

Models, Biological

Nitric Oxide

Superoxides