Oral Hygiene
Oral Hygiene Index
Hygiene
Toothbrushing
Dental Devices, Home Care
Periodontal Index
Dental Plaque
Oral Health
Dental Calculus
Health Education, Dental
Dental Caries
Periodontal Diseases
Mouthwashes
Gingival Hemorrhage
Toothpastes
Halitosis
Hand Disinfection
Dental Hygienists
Dental Health Surveys
Dentifrices
Dental Care
Neisseria mucosa
Chlorhexidine
Orthognathic Surgical Procedures
Dental Scaling
Periodontal Pocket
Anti-Infective Agents, Local
Tooth, Deciduous
Dental Prophylaxis
Root Planing
Mouth
Cariostatic Agents
Mentally Disabled Persons
Fluorosis, Dental
Dental Care for Aged
Dental Care for Children
Burning Mouth Syndrome
Oral Ulcer
Dental Care for Disabled
Dental Deposits
Periodontitis
Sanitation
Fluorides
Stevia
Gingival Recession
Dentition
Soaps
Dental Prosthesis
Gingival Overgrowth
Fluorides, Topical
Orthodontics
Orthodontic Appliances
Dental Enamel Hypoplasia
Tin Fluorides
Periodontal Attachment Loss
Dental Caries Activity Tests
Areca
Gingival Hyperplasia
Candy
Veillonella
Fluoridation
Evidence-Based Dentistry
Gemella
Viridans Streptococci
Carnobacteriaceae
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Tooth Erosion
Dental Anxiety
Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported
Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient
Saliva
Questionnaires
Disabled Children
Infection Control
Triclosan
Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated
Chronic Periodontitis
Prevalence
Streptococcus mutans
Orthodontics, Corrective
Mouth Mucosa
Prevotella intermedia
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Dental Enamel
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dental Restoration, Permanent
Statistics, Nonparametric
Toilet Facilities
Biofilms
Gloves, Protective
Chi-Square Distribution
Age Factors
Risk Factors
Strategies to improve the quality of oral health care for frail and dependent older people. (1/445)
The dental profile of the population of most industrialised countries is changing. For the first time in at least a century most elderly people in the United Kingdom will soon have some of their own natural teeth. This could be beneficial for the frail and dependent elderly, as natural teeth are associated with greater dietary freedom of choice and good nutrition. There may also be problems including high levels of dental disease associated with poor hygiene and diet. New data from a national oral health survey in Great Britain is presented. The few dentate elderly people in institutions at the moment have poor hygiene and high levels of dental decay. If these problems persist as dentate younger generations get older, the burden of care will be substantial. Many dental problems in elderly people are preventable or would benefit from early intervention. Strategies to approach these problems are presented. (+info)Mapping the literature of dental hygiene. (2/445)
Despite the long history of the dental hygiene profession, little research has been conducted on the characteristics of its literature. In this study, the bibliometric method was used to identify the core journals in the discipline and the extent of indexing of these journals. The study was a part of the Medical Library Association (MLA) Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section's project to map the allied health literature. Five journals were found to provide one-third of all references studied. Forty-two journals yielded an additional one-third of the references. MEDLINE had the best indexing coverage with 87% of the journals receiving indexing for at least one-half of the articles included. Limited coverage was provided by EMBASE/Excerpta Medica (11%) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (9%). The findings identified titles that should be added by indexing services as well as those that should have more complete coverage. (+info)Anticipatory guidance in infant oral health: rationale and recommendations. (3/445)
If appropriate measures are applied early enough, it may be possible to totally prevent oral disease. The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that infants be scheduled for an initial oral evaluation within six months of the eruption of the first primary tooth but by no later than 12 months of age. The rationale for this recommendation is provided, although the recommendation itself is not universally accepted. Specific recommendations include elimination of bottles in bed, early use of soft-bristled toothbrushes (with parental supervision) and limitation of high-carbohydrate food intake after teeth have been brushed. (+info)Oral care of elderly patients: nurses' knowledge and views. (4/445)
It is important that healthcare professionals caring for the elderly in hospitals have a core knowledge of the orodental care requirements of their patients. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and views of nurses working on acute and rehabilitation care of the elderly wards about orodental care. One hundred nurses and healthcare assistants took part in this questionnaire study of which 58 were qualified nurses and 70 had been employed on care of the elderly wards for two or more years. Although the majority of the respondents were registered with a dentist and attended regularly, 40 did have 'some anxiety' about visiting their dentist. Approximately half of the study population regularly gave advice to their patients about dental care but their knowledge of and reasons for providing oral care and advice was often incorrect. The group's understanding of the availability of dental treatment provided by the National Health Service was also often inaccurate. It was concluded that a better core knowledge of the orodental care of older patients is required by all healthcare professionals who care for this group. It is also important that individuals in whom anxiety is associated with their own dental experience do not neglect to give orodental health advice to their patients. (+info)Possibilities of preventing osteoradionecrosis during complex therapy of tumors of the oral cavity. (5/445)
In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of tumors of the head and neck. Their successful treatment is one of the greatest challenges for physicians dealing with oncotherapy. An organic part of the complex therapy is preoperative or postoperative irradiation. Application of this is accompanied by a lower risk of recurrences, and by a higher proportion of cured patients. Unfortunately, irradiation also has a disadvantage: the development of osteoradionecrosis, a special form of osteomyelitis, in some patients (mainly in those cases where irradiation occurs after bone resection or after partial removal of the periosteum). Once the clinical picture of this irradiation complication has developed, its treatment is very difficult. A significant result or complete freedom from complaints can be attained only rarely. Attention must therefore be focussed primarily on prevention, and the oral surgeon, the oncoradiologist and the patient too can all do much to help prevent the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis. Through coupling of an up-to-date, functional surgical attitude with knowledge relating to modern radiology and radiation physics, the way may be opened to forestall this complication that is so difficult to cure. (+info)Chewing gum--facts and fiction: a review of gum-chewing and oral health. (6/445)
The world market for chewing gum is estimated to be 560,000 tons per year, representing approximately US $5 billion. Some 374 billion pieces of chewing gum are sold worldwide every year, representing 187 billion hours of gum-chewing if each piece of gum is chewed for 30 minutes. Chewing gum can thus be expected to have an influence on oral health. The labeling of sugar-substituted chewing gum as "safe for teeth" or "tooth-friendly" has been proven beneficial to the informed consumer. Such claims are allowed for products having been shown in vivo not to depress plaque pH below 5.7, neither during nor for 30 minutes after the consumption. However, various chewing gum manufacturers have recently begun to make distinct health promotion claims, suggesting, e.g., reparative action or substitution for mechanical hygiene. The aim of this critical review--covering the effects of the physical properties of chewing gum and those of different ingredients both of conventional and of functional chewing gum--is to provide a set of guidelines for the interpretation of such claims and to assist oral health care professionals in counseling patients. (+info)Examination, classification, and treatment of halitosis; clinical perspectives. (7/445)
Patients with halitosis may seek treatment from dental clinicians for their perceived oral malodour. In this article, an examination protocol, classification system and treatment needs for such patients are outlined. Physiologic halitosis, oral pathologic halitosis and pseudo-halitosis would be in the treatment realm of dental practitioners. Management may include periodontal or restorative treatment or both, as well as simple treatment measures such as instruction in oral hygiene, tongue cleaning and mouth rinsing. Psychosomatic halitosis is more difficult to diagnose and manage, and patients with this condition are often mismanaged in that they receive only treatments for genuine halitosis, even though they do not have oral malodour. A classification system can be used to identify patients with halitophobia. Additionally, a questionnaire can be used to assess the psychological condition of patients claiming to have halitosis, which enables the clinician to identify patients with psychosomatic halitosis. In understanding the different types of halitosis and the corresponding treatment needs, the dental clinician can better manage patients with this condition. (+info)Rationale and treatment approach in minimally invasive dentistry. (8/445)
BACKGROUND: Current methods of detecting caries, especially fissure caries, are inaccurate, causing some caries to go undetected until it has reached more advanced stages. Minimally invasive dentistry is a philosophy in which the goal of intervention to conserve healthy tooth structure. The authors review the rationale and role of air abrasion in successful practice in the 21st century that includes the philosophy of minimal intervention. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This objective encompasses a range of clinical procedures that includes assessment of caries risk to reinforce patient self-help, early detection of the disease before lesion cavitation to fortify the oral environment, restoration of fissure caries with maximum retention of sound tooth structure and sealant placement in unaffected areas. This conservative approach minimizes the restoration/re-restoration cycle, thus benefiting the patient over a lifetime. (+info)Gingivitis can be treated with good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing regularly, and by visiting a dentist for regular check-ups and professional cleanings. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can lead to permanent damage and tooth loss.
Some common symptoms of gingivitis include:
* Red and swollen gums
* Bleeding during brushing or flossing
* Bad breath
* Tenderness or pain in the gums
* A decrease in the amount of saliva
Treatment for gingivitis typically involves a combination of good oral hygiene practices and professional dental care. This may include:
* Regular brushing and flossing to remove plaque and bacteria from the teeth
* Professional cleanings ( scaling and root planing) to remove plaque and tartar from the teeth
* Antibiotics to treat any underlying infections
* Changes to diet and lifestyle to reduce the risk of further irritation to the gums.
It's important to note that while gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease, it can still have serious consequences if left untreated. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices are essential for preventing and treating gingivitis.
Plaque is a key risk factor for dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. In addition, research suggests that there may be a link between oral bacteria and certain systemic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, is essential to prevent the accumulation of plaque and promote overall health.
There are different types of dental calculus, including:
1. Supragingival calculus - found above the gum line and is more common.
2. Subgingival calculus - found below the gum line and is less common but more difficult to remove.
3. Interdental calculus - found between teeth and is common in people with tightly spaced teeth.
4. Cemental calculus - found on the root surface of teeth and is less common.
Dental calculus can cause a range of problems, including:
1. Gingivitis - inflammation of the gums that can lead to redness, swelling, and bleeding.
2. Periodontitis - more advanced stage of gingivitis that can cause bone loss, receding gums, and eventual tooth loss.
3. Halitosis - bad breath.
4. Tooth sensitivity - sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks.
5. Difficulty chewing or biting.
Removing dental calculus is an important part of maintaining good oral health, and can be done through a variety of methods, including:
1. Professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist.
2. Brushing with fluoride toothpaste and flossing regularly to remove plaque before it hardens into calculus.
3. Using an antibacterial mouthwash to kill bacteria that can contribute to calculus formation.
4. Avoiding sugary or acidic foods and drinks, which can contribute to the formation of plaque and calculus.
In conclusion, dental calculus is a common problem that can cause a range of oral health issues, but it can be prevented and treated through regular maintenance and good oral hygiene practices. It is important to visit a dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings to ensure the best possible oral health.
Symptoms may include sensitivity, discomfort, visible holes or stains on teeth, bad breath, and difficulty chewing or biting. If left untreated, dental caries can progress and lead to more serious complications such as abscesses, infections, and even tooth loss.
To prevent dental caries, it is essential to maintain good oral hygiene habits, including brushing your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and using mouthwash regularly. Limiting sugary foods and drinks and visiting a dentist for regular check-ups can also help prevent the disease.
Dental caries is treatable through various methods such as fillings, crowns, root canals, extractions, and preventive measures like fissure sealants and fluoride applications. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial to prevent further damage and restore oral health.
There are several types of periodontal diseases, including:
1. Gingivitis: This is the mildest form of periodontal disease, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums. It is reversible with proper treatment and good oral hygiene.
2. Periodontitis: This is a more severe form of periodontal disease, characterized by the destruction of the periodontal ligament and the jawbone. It can cause teeth to become loose or fall out.
3. Advanced periodontitis: This is the most severe form of periodontal disease, characterized by extensive bone loss and severe gum damage.
4. Periodontal abscess: This is a pocket of pus that forms in the gum tissue as a result of the infection.
5. Peri-implantitis: This is a condition that affects the tissues surrounding dental implants, similar to periodontal disease.
The causes and risk factors for periodontal diseases include:
1. Poor oral hygiene
2. Smoking
3. Diabetes
4. Genetic predisposition
5. Hormonal changes during pregnancy or menopause
6. Poor diet
7. Stress
8. Certain medications
The symptoms of periodontal diseases can include:
1. Redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums
2. Bad breath
3. Loose teeth or teeth that feel like they are shifting in their sockets
4. Pus between the teeth and gums
5. Changes in the way teeth fit together when biting down
Treatment for periodontal diseases typically involves a combination of professional cleaning, antibiotics, and changes to oral hygiene habits at home. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue and restore the health of the teeth and gums.
Preventing periodontal diseases includes:
1. Brushing teeth at least twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste
2. Flossing once a day to remove plaque from between the teeth
3. Using an antibacterial mouthwash
4. Eating a balanced diet and avoiding sugary or acidic foods
5. Quitting smoking
6. Maintaining regular dental check-ups and cleanings.
Here are some common causes of gingival hemorrhage:
1. Poor oral hygiene: When you don't brush and floss regularly, plaque and tartar can build up along the gum line, leading to inflammation and bleeding.
2. Gingivitis: This is an early stage of gum disease that can cause swollen, red gums that bleed easily.
3. Periodontitis: This is a more advanced stage of gum disease that can cause the gums to pull away from the teeth and create pockets where bacteria can grow, leading to bleeding.
4. Injury to the gums: If you accidentally bite your lip or tongue, or if you have a sharp object pierce your gum, it can cause bleeding.
5. Medications: Certain medications such as aspirin, warfarin, and prednisone can thin the blood and increase the risk of gingival hemorrhage.
6. Hormonal changes: Changes in hormone levels during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can increase the risk of gingival hemorrhage.
7. Vitamin deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins such as vitamin C and K can impair the body's ability to clot blood and increase the risk of bleeding gums.
8. Systemic diseases: Certain systemic diseases such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and liver disease can increase the risk of gingival hemorrhage.
If you experience gingival hemorrhage, your dentist may perform a thorough examination to determine the underlying cause. Treatment options will depend on the severity of the condition, but may include professional cleaning, antibiotics, or surgery. It is important to maintain good oral hygiene practices and visit your dentist regularly to prevent and manage gingival hemorrhage.
1. Gingivitis: An inflammation of the gums that can be caused by poor oral hygiene, smoking, or other factors. Gingivitis is often reversible with proper treatment.
2. Periodontitis: A more severe form of gingival disease that affects the bone and tissues supporting the teeth. Periodontitis can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
3. Pyorrhea: An inflammatory condition characterized by the presence of pus in the gums and pockets between the teeth and gums. Pyorrhea is often a symptom of periodontitis.
4. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG): A severe and painful form of gingival disease that can lead to tissue death and tooth loss if left untreated.
5. Desquamative gingivitis: A condition characterized by the thinning and shedding of the gums, often due to smoking or other systemic factors.
6. Necrotizing periodontal disease: A rare but severe form of periodontitis that can lead to tissue death and tooth loss.
7. Peri-implant diseases: Conditions that affect the tissues surrounding dental implants, including peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis.
Treatment for gingival diseases may include antibiotics, scaling and root planing, surgical intervention, and lifestyle changes such as improved oral hygiene and smoking cessation. It is important to seek professional dental care if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
1. Poor oral hygiene: When individuals fail to brush and floss regularly, bacteria can accumulate on the teeth, tongue, and gums, leading to bad breath.
2. Gum disease and other oral infections: Gingivitis, periodontitis, and other oral infections can cause bad breath due to the buildup of bacteria and tartar.
3. Dry mouth (xerostomia): A lack of saliva can lead to an increase in bacteria growth and bad breath.
4. Food particles: Eating certain foods, such as garlic or onions, can cause bad breath due to the lingering presence of particles in the mouth.
5. Smoking and tobacco use: Smoking and using other forms of tobacco can lead to bad breath due to the chemicals present in tobacco products.
6. Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as sinus infections, bronchitis, and pneumonia, can cause bad breath.
7. Diet: Consuming certain foods or drinks, such as coffee, tea, or alcohol, can cause bad breath due to their acidic properties.
8. Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can lead to changes in the mouth's ecosystem and contribute to bad breath.
9. Dental appliances: Poorly fitting dentures, braces, or other dental appliances can contribute to bad breath.
10. Medications: Certain medications, such as antidepressants and antihistamines, can cause dry mouth and lead to bad breath.
Treatment for halitosis depends on the underlying cause and may include improved oral hygiene, antibiotics, mouthwashes, or other therapies. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
1. Tooth decay (cavities): A bacterial infection that causes tooth enamel to break down, leading to holes in the teeth.
2. Periodontal disease: An infection of the gums and bone that support the teeth, caused by bacteria.
3. Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums, usually caused by poor oral hygiene or smoking.
4. Oral thrush: A fungal infection of the mouth, typically affecting people with weakened immune systems.
5. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections: Viral infections that cause sores on the lips, tongue, or gums.
6. Cold sores: Caused by the herpes simplex virus, these are small, painful blisters that appear on the lips, nose, or mouth.
7. Canker sores: Small, shallow ulcers that develop on the inside of the mouth, tongue, lips, or gums.
8. Leukoplakia: A condition where thick, white patches form on the insides of the mouth, usually due to excessive tobacco use or other irritants.
9. Oral cancer: Cancer that develops in any part of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, or throat.
10. Dry mouth (xerostomia): A condition where the mouth does not produce enough saliva, which can increase the risk of tooth decay and other problems.
These are just a few examples of mouth diseases. It's important to maintain good oral hygiene and visit a dentist regularly to help prevent these conditions and ensure early detection and treatment if they do occur.
There are several types of tooth loss, including:
1. Anterior tooth loss: This occurs when one or more front teeth are missing.
2. Posterior tooth loss: This occurs when one or more back teeth are missing.
3. Bilateral tooth loss: This occurs when there is a loss of teeth on both sides of the dental arch.
4. Unilateral tooth loss: This occurs when there is a loss of teeth on one side of the dental arch.
5. Complete tooth loss: This occurs when all teeth are missing from the dental arch.
6. Partial tooth loss: This occurs when only some teeth are missing from the dental arch.
Tooth loss can cause various problems such as difficulty chewing and biting food, speech difficulties, and changes in the appearance of the face and smile. It can also lead to other oral health issues such as shifting of the remaining teeth, bone loss, and gum recession.
Treatment options for tooth loss vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. Some possible treatments include dentures, implants, bridges, and crowns. It is important to seek professional dental care if you experience any type of tooth loss to prevent further complications and restore oral health.
There are two types of fluorosis:
1. Mild fluorosis: This type is characterized by white or brown spots or streaks on the surface of the teeth.
2. Severe fluorosis: This type is characterized by pitting or roughening of the tooth enamel, which can lead to cavities or structural weakness in the teeth.
Fluorosis is typically diagnosed through a visual examination of the teeth. In some cases, X-rays may be used to assess the severity of the condition. There is no specific treatment for fluorosis, but there are ways to manage its symptoms. For mild cases, regular cleaning and polishing of the teeth can help remove any stains or discoloration. In severe cases, dental fillings or crowns may be necessary to restore the damaged teeth.
Preventing fluorosis is much easier than treating it, so it's important to take steps to limit your child's exposure to excessive amounts of fluoride. This includes:
* Using fluoride toothpaste in appropriate amounts (a pea-sized amount for children under 3 years old and a portion the size of a grain of rice for children 3-6 years old)
* Limiting the consumption of fluoridated drinks, such as bottled water or formula, especially for infants
* Using a fluoride-free toothpaste for children under 3 years old
* Monitoring your child's fluoride intake and consulting with your dentist or healthcare provider if you have concerns.
The exact etiology of BMS is still unknown, but it is believed to be related to several factors such as hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, allergies, psychological stress, and certain medications. The condition can affect anyone, regardless of age or gender, but it is more common among postmenopausal women.
The diagnosis of BMS is based on a thorough medical history and physical examination, as well as the exclusion of other potential causes of the symptoms. There is no specific laboratory test for BMS, but tests such as salivary flow rate, pH levels, and nutrient deficiencies may be performed to rule out other conditions.
Treatment options for BMS include:
1. Medications: antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, and pain relievers may be prescribed to manage symptoms.
2. Lifestyle modifications: avoiding spicy or acidic foods, drinking plenty of water, and practicing stress-reducing techniques such as meditation or yoga.
3. Nutritional supplements: vitamin B complex, folic acid, and iron may be recommended to address any underlying deficiencies.
4. Topical treatments: aloe vera gel, benzocaine gels, and capsaicin patches may provide relief from burning and pain.
5. Alternative therapies: acupuncture, hypnosis, and cognitive-behavioral therapy may be beneficial in managing symptoms and improving quality of life.
It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as BMS can have a significant impact on daily activities and overall well-being. A healthcare professional can help determine the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
The symptoms of an oral ulcer may include:
* Pain or discomfort when eating, speaking, or drinking
* Difficulty swallowing or eating
* Redness and swelling around the ulcer
* A burning sensation in the mouth
* Discharge of fluid from the ulcer
Oral ulcers can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
* Trauma to the mouth (e.g., biting the inside of the cheek)
* Infection with viruses or bacteria (e.g., herpes simplex virus, candida)
* Autoimmune disorders (e.g., lichen planus, lupus)
* Allergies to certain medications or foods
* Deficiencies in vitamins and minerals (e.g., vitamin B12 deficiency)
Treatment for an oral ulcer depends on the underlying cause, but may include:
* Pain relief medication (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen)
* Antimicrobial medication to treat infection (e.g., antibiotics)
* Topical medications (e.g., anesthetics, anti-inflammatory agents)
* Dietary changes to avoid irritating foods or substances
* Good oral hygiene practices
It is important to seek medical attention if an oral ulcer does not heal within 2 weeks, bleeds frequently, or is accompanied by high fever, swollen lymph nodes, or difficulty swallowing.
Dental deposits refer to the accumulation of plaque, tartar, and other substances on the teeth and dental restorations. These deposits can lead to various oral health problems, such as tooth decay, gum disease, and bad breath. Dental deposits can be removed through regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings.
Types of Dental Deposits:
There are several types of dental deposits that can accumulate on the teeth and dental restorations, including:
1. Plaque: A sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth and can lead to tooth decay and gum disease.
2. Tartar (calculus): A hard, yellowish deposit that forms on the teeth and dental restorations, made up of mineralized plaque.
3. Stains: Discoloration of the teeth due to various factors such as smoking, coffee, tea, or certain medications.
4. Biofilm: A complex community of microorganisms that adhere to the surfaces of the teeth and dental restorations, which can contribute to the development of periodontal disease.
Effects of Dental Deposits:
Dental deposits can have a significant impact on oral health if left untreated. Some of the effects of dental deposits include:
1. Tooth Decay: The accumulation of plaque and tartar on the teeth can lead to tooth decay, which can cause pain, sensitivity, and potentially lead to tooth loss.
2. Gum Disease: Plaque and tartar can also contribute to the development of gum disease, which can cause inflammation, bleeding, and receding gums.
3. Bad Breath: Dental deposits can cause bad breath (halitosis), which can be embarrassing and affect an individual's self-confidence.
4. Tooth Discoloration: Stains on the teeth can cause discoloration, which can make the teeth appear yellow or brown.
5. Increased Risk of Dental Caries: Dental deposits can provide a conducive environment for the growth of cariogenic bacteria, which can increase the risk of dental caries.
6. Difficulty Chewing and Speaking: Advanced periodontal disease can cause teeth to become loose or fall out, making it difficult to chew and speak properly.
7. Self-Esteem Issues: Poor oral health can affect an individual's self-esteem and confidence, which can impact their overall quality of life.
8. Systemic Diseases: There is evidence that suggests a link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory disease.
Prevention of Dental Deposits:
Preventing dental deposits is essential for maintaining good oral health. Some ways to prevent dental deposits include:
1. Brushing and Flossing: Regular brushing and flossing can help remove plaque and tartar from the teeth, reducing the risk of dental deposits.
2. Dietary Changes: Avoiding sugary and starchy foods, drinking plenty of water, and consuming a balanced diet can help prevent the formation of dental deposits.
3. Professional Cleaning: Regular professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist can remove tartar and plaque that is difficult to remove with brushing and flossing alone.
4. Fluoride Treatment: Fluoride treatment can help strengthen teeth and prevent the formation of dental deposits.
5. Salivary Substitutes: For individuals with dry mouth, salivary substitutes can help stimulate saliva production and reduce the risk of dental deposits.
6. Oral Rinses: Using an oral rinse can help remove plaque and bacteria from the teeth and gums.
7. Tobacco Cessation: Quitting tobacco use can help improve oral health and reduce the risk of dental deposits.
8. Regular Dental Check-Ups: Regular dental check-ups can help identify early signs of dental deposits and prevent more serious problems from developing.
The main causes of periodontitis are poor oral hygiene, smoking, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. The symptoms of periodontitis include:
* Redness and swelling of the gums
* Bad breath
* Bleeding while brushing or flossing
* Pocket formation between the teeth and gums
* Loose teeth or changes in the bite
* Changes in the color or shape of the gums
If left untreated, periodontitis can lead to serious complications such as:
* Tooth loss
* Bone loss around the teeth
* Infection of the dental implant or prosthetic tooth
* Spread of bacteria to other parts of the body, leading to systemic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.
Periodontitis can be treated by a dentist or periodontist with a combination of non-surgical and surgical procedures, including:
* Scaling and root planing (deep cleaning of the teeth and roots)
* Antibiotics to treat infection
* Bone grafting to restore lost bone tissue
* Gum grafting to cover exposed roots
* Dental implants or prosthetic teeth to replace missing teeth.
It is important to practice good oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing regularly, to prevent periodontitis. Early detection and treatment can help prevent the progression of the disease and save teeth from being lost.
Gingival recession is a condition where the gums (gingiva) pull back or recede from the teeth, exposing the roots and increasing the risk of decay and sensitivity. It can be caused by various factors such as poor oral hygiene, smoking, grinding or clenching teeth, gum disease, or a misaligned bite.
Gingival recession can lead to tooth sensitivity and pain, and if left untreated, it can progress to more severe conditions such as periodontitis (gum infection) and tooth loss. Treatment options for gingival recession include deep cleaning, gum grafting, and changes to oral hygiene practices.
Gingival Recession Causes and Risk Factors:
Poor oral hygiene
Smoking
Grinding or clenching teeth
Gum disease
Misaligned bite
Hormonal changes (pregnancy, menopause)
Crooked teeth or teeth with large fillings
Teeth whitening products
Diabetes
Stress
Gingival Recession Symptoms:
Tooth sensitivity
Pain when eating or drinking hot or cold foods and beverages
Redness, swelling, or bleeding of the gums
Exposure of the roots of the teeth
Darkening of the teeth due to root exposure
Bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
Gum recession can also lead to:
Periodontitis (gum infection)
Tooth loss
Bone loss around the teeth
Increased risk of heart disease and stroke
Prevention and Treatment of Gingival Recession:
Good oral hygiene practices such as brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing once a day, and regular dental cleanings can help prevent gingival recession. Quitting smoking, reducing stress, and maintaining a healthy diet can also help prevent or slow the progression of the condition.
If you have gingival recession, your dentist may recommend:
Deep cleaning (scaling and root planing) to remove plaque and tartar from the teeth and beneath the gum line
Gum grafting to cover exposed roots and protect the teeth
Medications such as antibiotics or pain relievers to treat any infections or discomfort
Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, reducing stress, and improving your diet to help manage the condition.
If you suspect you have gingival recession, it is important to see a dentist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. With proper care and management, it is possible to prevent or slow the progression of the condition and maintain good oral health.
Gingival Overgrowth can cause a range of symptoms, including redness, swelling, bleeding, and sensitivity in the gums. It can also lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Treatment for Gingival Overgrowth typically involves a combination of professional dental cleaning, antibiotics, and changes to the patient's oral hygiene routine. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the excess tissue.
Gingival Overgrowth can be prevented by maintaining good oral hygiene habits, such as brushing and flossing regularly, and visiting a dentist for regular check-ups and cleanings. Early detection and treatment of Gingival Overgrowth can help to prevent more severe complications and improve the overall health of the teeth and gums.
The most common symptoms of dental enamel hypoplasia are yellow or brown discoloration of the teeth, sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks, and an increased risk of cavities.
Treatment for dental enamel hypoplasia typically involves restorative procedures such as fillings, crowns, or veneers to repair and protect the affected teeth. In severe cases, extraction of the damaged teeth may be necessary. Preventive measures such as good oral hygiene practices, a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful substances like tobacco and excessive sugars can also help manage the condition.
Early detection and treatment of dental enamel hypoplasia are crucial to prevent further damage and improve the appearance and function of the teeth. Dentists may use specialized techniques such as radiographs and clinical examinations to diagnose this condition and recommend appropriate treatments.
Etymology: [O.E. mund, mouth + L. dentatus, toothed.]
Synonyms: Toothless mouth.
Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913
In layman's terms, this definition is saying that a mouth, edentulous refers to a mouth without teeth. This can be due to various reasons such as tooth loss due to decay, injury, or other factors. The term is used in the medical field, specifically in dentistry, to describe a patient who requires dentures or other prosthetic devices to replace missing teeth.
In conclusion, mouth, edentulous is a medical term used to describe a toothless mouth, and it is commonly used in dentistry to identify patients who require dentures or other prosthetic devices to restore their dental health.
It is common for people with poor oral hygiene habits, smokers or those with systemic diseases such as diabetes or heart disease to experience periodontal attachment loss. It can also be a consequence of aging, as the supporting bone and gum tissue around the teeth can degenerate over time.
There are several risk factors for periodontal attachment loss, including:
* Poor oral hygiene habits
* Smoking
* Systemic diseases such as diabetes or heart disease
* Genetic predisposition
* Poor diet
* Inadequate salivary flow
* Malocclusion (bad bite)
There are several treatment options available for periodontal attachment loss, including:
* Scaling and root planing (a deep cleaning of the teeth and beneath the gum line)
* Guided tissue regeneration (a surgical procedure to promote new bone growth)
* Bone grafting (a surgical procedure to repair or replace damaged bone)
* Dental implants (artificial tooth roots that are placed in the jawbone to support a dental crown or bridge)
It is important to note that periodontal attachment loss can be prevented with proper oral hygiene habits, regular dental check-ups and prompt treatment of any oral health issues.
The condition is characterized by the excessive growth of gum tissue, which can lead to:
1. Redness and swelling of the gums
2. Bleeding while brushing or flossing
3. Bad breath (halitosis)
4. Pocket formation between the teeth and gums
5. Gum recession
6. Tooth loss
Gingival hyperplasia can be treated by addressing the underlying cause, improving oral hygiene, and undergoing scaling and root planing procedures to remove plaque and tartar. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove excess gum tissue and restore the natural contours of the mouth.
It is important for individuals to practice good oral hygiene, including brushing at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and receiving regular dental cleanings to prevent gingival hyperplasia and other gum diseases. Early detection and treatment can help prevent the progression of the condition and restore the health of the teeth and gums.
Tooth erosion can lead to sensitive teeth, pain, and discomfort when eating or drinking hot or cold foods and beverages. In severe cases, it can cause teeth to appear yellow or brown, become brittle and prone to breaking, or even result in tooth loss.
To prevent tooth erosion, good oral hygiene practices such as regular brushing and flossing, avoiding acidic foods and drinks, and using a fluoride-based toothpaste can help protect teeth from acid wear. Dental sealants or varnishes may also be applied to the teeth to provide extra protection against erosion.
If tooth erosion has already occurred, dental treatments such as fillings, crowns, or veneers may be necessary to repair damaged teeth. In severe cases, teeth may need to be extracted and replaced with dental implants or bridges.
Note: The word "toothache" refers to pain in one or more teeth, and not to general gum pain or discomfort.
Also known as:
* Denture stomatitis
* Mucositis
* Gingivostomatitis
Causes and risk factors:
* Ill-fitting dentures
* Poor dental hygiene
* Smoking
* Diabetes
* AIDS
* Old age
Symptoms:
* Pain or discomfort in the mouth
* Ulcers on the gums and inner cheeks
* Difficulty eating or speaking
* Redness and swelling of the gums
Diagnosis:
* Physical examination of the mouth and dentures
* Medical history review
* Blood tests to rule out underlying conditions
Treatment:
* Fitting a new denture or relining the existing one to improve fit
* Improving dental hygiene habits
* Antibiotics for bacterial infections
* Pain relief medication
Prevention:
* Regular dental check-ups and cleaning of dentures
* Proper fit and maintenance of dentures
* Good oral hygiene practices
Note that this is a general overview of the topic, and it's always best to consult with a medical professional for specific advice.
VAP is a serious complication of mechanical ventilation and can lead to severe illness, organ failure, and death. The risk of developing VAP is increased in patients who are ventilated for longer periods of time, have underlying medical conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or sepsis, or have invasive medical devices such as central lines or urinary catheters.
The diagnosis of VAP is based on a combination of clinical and laboratory findings, including fever, purulent respiratory secretions, and evidence of lung infection on chest radiographs or computed tomography (CT) scans. Treatment typically involves administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care, such as mechanical ventilation and fluid management.
Prevention of VAP is an important goal in critical care medicine, and strategies to reduce the risk of developing VAP include:
1. Early recognition and treatment of respiratory tract infections
2. Proper hand hygiene and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by healthcare workers
3. Regular cleaning and disinfection of medical devices and equipment
4. Use of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) with antibiotics and probiotics to reduce the risk of colonization of the respiratory tract by pathogenic bacteria
5. Avoiding invasive medical procedures whenever possible, and using alternative methods when feasible.
The incidence of VAP has been declining in recent years due to improved infection control practices and the use of evidence-based guidelines for prevention and treatment. However, VAP remains a significant challenge in critical care medicine, and ongoing research is needed to develop more effective strategies for prevention and treatment.
Causes and risk factors:
* Poor oral hygiene
* Smoking
* Genetics
* Hormonal changes
* Malnutrition
* Diabetes
* Obesity
Symptoms:
* Gum redness, swelling, and bleeding
* Pockets between the teeth and gums
* Bad breath
* Loose teeth or teeth that have moved out of their sockets
* Changes in the shape of the gum line
Diagnosis:
* Physical examination of the teeth and gums
* X-rays or other imaging tests to assess bone loss and other changes
* Blood tests to check for underlying conditions such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease
Treatment:
* Professional scaling and root planing (a deep cleaning of the teeth)
* Antibiotics to control infection
* Surgery to remove infected tissue or repair damaged bone
* Changes to oral hygiene habits, such as brushing and flossing more frequently
Prevention:
* Good oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing regularly
* Regular dental check-ups and cleanings
* Avoiding smoking and other harmful habits
* Maintaining a healthy diet and getting enough exercise
Prognosis:
* With proper treatment and good oral hygiene, the condition can be managed and teeth can be saved.
* Without treatment, the condition can progress and lead to tooth loss.
Complications:
* Tooth loss
* Bone loss
* Infection of other parts of the body (sepsis)
* Heart disease
* Stroke
Note: This definition is a general overview of chronic periodontitis and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. If you suspect you have chronic periodontitis, it is important to consult with a dentist or other qualified healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
1. Congenital abnormalities: These are present at birth and may be caused by genetic factors or environmental influences during fetal development. Examples include hypodontia (absence of one or more teeth), hyperdontia (extra teeth), or anodontia (absence of all teeth).
2. Acquired abnormalities: These can occur at any time during life, often as a result of trauma, infection, or other conditions. Examples include tooth decay, gum disease, or tooth wear and tear.
3. Developmental abnormalities: These occur during the development of teeth and may be caused by genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies, or exposure to certain medications or chemicals. Examples include enamel hypoplasia (thinning of tooth enamel) or peg-shaped teeth.
4. Structural abnormalities: These are irregularities in the shape or structure of teeth, such as anomalies in the size, shape, or position of teeth. Examples include crowded or misaligned teeth, or teeth that do not erupt properly.
5. Dental caries (tooth decay): This is a bacterial infection that causes the breakdown of tooth structure, often leading to cavities and tooth loss if left untreated.
6. Periodontal disease: This is an inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, including the gums and bone, and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
7. Tooth wear: This refers to the wear and tear of teeth over time, often due to habits such as bruxism (teeth grinding) or acid reflux.
8. Dental anomalies: These are rare, genetic conditions that affect the development and structure of teeth, such as peg-shaped teeth or geminated teeth (two teeth fused together).
These are just a few examples of tooth abnormalities, and there are many more conditions that can affect the health and appearance of teeth. Regular dental check-ups can help detect and address any issues early on to ensure good oral health.
It is also known as mouth inflammation.