Optical Rotatory Dispersion
Stereoisomerism
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Molecular Structure
Chemistry
Infrared dichroism of the DNA-caffeine complex. A new method for determination of the ligand orientation. (1/218)
Infrared linear dichroism (LD) measurements on films of the DNA-caffeine complex in terms of the relative humidity (r.h.) show two main effects. Firstly, there is an insertion of caffeine molecules into the DNA double helix (B form), as evidenced by a very strong parallel LD behaviour of the 745 cm-1 band due to the C-H out-of-plane deformation vibration of caffeine. Furthermore, a high r.h. values a modified B form occurs in the complex similar to the B form recently reported by BRAHMS and coworkers for DNA-polypeptide complexes. The reversible B-A transition of the DNA in dependence of the r.h. is not affected in general in the presence of caffeine. (+info)Lactonamycin, a new antimicrobial antibiotic produced by Streptomyces rishiriensis MJ773-88K4. II. Structure determination. (2/218)
The absolute structure of a new antibiotic lactonamycin is described. The NMR studies deduced one of four possible structures for the aglycon attached by a rhodinose through glycosidic bond. The stereochemistry of the sugar obtained by an acid hydrolysis was determined to be L-form by measuring optical rotation. The stereochemistry of the aglycon was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. (+info)Structure elucidation of Sch 20562, a glucosidic cyclic dehydropeptide lactone--the major component of W-10 antifungal antibiotic. (3/218)
A novel bacterium designated as Aeromonas sp. W-10 produces the antibiotic W-10 complex which comprises of two major and several minor components. The two major components from this complex, Sch 20562 (1) and Sch 20561 (1a), are of biological interest in view of their potent antifungal activity. The chemical degradation studies utilized for the assignment of structure 1 for Sch 20562 are described here. Some of the noteworthy diversity of structural features in this glucosidic cyclic dehydrononapeptide lactone 1 are: an N-terminal (D)-beta-hydroxymyristyl unit, three D-amino acid units, two (E)-alpha-aminocrotonyl units, and an O-alpha-D-glucosyl-N-methyl-L-allo-threonine unit. The structure determination of 1 utilized the selective cleavage of the dehydropeptide units by ozonolysis to form fragments that were sequenced by mass spectrometry. The stereochemistry of the amino acid units were assigned by isolation of the free amino acids from the hydrolysates of the fragments. The stereochemistry of the alpha-aminocrotonyl units and the glucosidic linkage were assigned by nmr spectroscopy and molecular rotation data. (+info)Structure elucidation of Sch 20561, a cyclic dehydropeptide lactone--a major component of W-10 antifungal antibiotic. (4/218)
Antibiotic W-10 is a fermentation complex produced by the bacterium Aeromonas sp. W-10. The cyclic dehydropeptide lactones Sch 20562 (1) and Sch 20561 (2) are the major components of this fermentation complex and are of biological interest in view of their unique structural features and potent antifungal activity. The chemical degradation studies that were utilized in the assignment of structure 2 for Sch 20561 are described here. The structure determination of 2 made use of the ozonolytic cleavage of the dehydropeptide units to form fragments that were sequenced by mass spectrometry. The cyclic dehydropeptide lactone Sch 20561 (2) was found to be the aglycone of Sch 20562 (1) and these two natural products were correlated by a chemical transformation involving the deglucosidation of 1 to form 2. (+info)Attraction of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis, to methyl eugenol and related olfactory stimulants. (5/218)
The attraction of male oriental fruit flies to methyl eugenol and 34 analogues was investigated quantitatively using the characteristic feeding response. Methyl eugenol was the most active compound studied, with a feeding response to 0.01 mug, but saturation of the allyl side chain or replacement of allyl by allyloxy produced compounds almost as effective. Replacement of the methoxy groups by methylenedioxy, methyl, or chloro groups abolished all response. The ring geometry of the methoxy groups was critical, with orthodimethoxy most active and meta-dimethoxy inactive. Replacement of methoxy with hydroxy, methylthio, or amino groups did not abolish the response. The failure of the oriental fruit fly to respond to the methyl and chloro isosteres of methyl eugenol was contrasted with the response of a human odor panel which perceived these compounds as having weak floral odors. (+info)Optimal integration of texture and motion cues to depth. (6/218)
We report the results of a depth-matching experiment in which subjects were asked to adjust the height of an ellipse until it matched the depth of a simulated cylinder defined by texture and motion cues. In one-third of the trials the shape of the cylinder was primarily given by motion information, in another one-third of the trials it was given by texture information, and on the remaining trials it was given by both sources of information. Two optimal cue combination models are described where optimality is defined in terms of Bayesian statistics. The parameter values of the models are set based on subjects' responses on trials when either the motion cue or the texture cue was informative. These models provide predictions of subjects' responses on trials when both cues were informative. The results indicate that one of the optimal models provides a good fit to the subjects' data, and the second model provides an exceptional fit. Because the predictions of the optimal models closely match the experimental data, we conclude that observers' cue-combination strategies are indeed optimal, at least under the conditions studied here. (+info)Stereochemical course of the adenosine triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase reaction in histidine biosynthesis. (7/218)
The product of the first reaction in histidine biosynthesis is shown by optical rotation measurements on three derivatives to have inverted, beta stereochemistry at the newly formed bond. This is in contrast to alpha linkage expected on the basis of previously observed exchange, specificity, and covalent intermediate phenomena. The postulate double displacement mechanism for adenosine triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase must be modified to account for the product stereochemistry. (+info)Complex formation between mycobacterial polysaccharides or cyclodextrins and palmitoyl coenzyme A. (8/218)
The mycobacterial polysaccharides MMP (3-O-methyl-mannose-containing polysaccharide), MGLP (lipolysaccharide containing 6-O-methylglucose and glucose), and the cyclodextrins (cyclohexaamylose and cycloheptaamylose) form stoichiometric complexes with palmitoyl-CoA (Machida, Y., Bergeron, R., Flick, P., and Bloch, K. (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248, 6246-6247). Complex formation is presumed to result from hydrophobic interactions. In order to enhance the hydrophobic character of the cyclodextrins the following derivatives have been synthesized: heptakis (2,di-O-propyl)-, heptakis (2,6-di-O-methyl)-, pentakis (6-O-methyl)-, heptakis (3-O-methyl)-, and permethylated beta-cyclo-dextrin. These compounds stimulate fatty acid synthesis catalyzed by the Mycobacterium smegmatis fatty acid synthetase, the magnitude of the effect decreasing in the order in which the alkylated cyclodextrins are listed above. MMP or MGLP are qualitatively indistinguishable from alkylated cyclodextrins both with respect to palmitoyl-CoA binding and with respect to effects on enzyme systems, suggesting that they form inclusion complexes of the same type. On the basis of model building it is postulated that MMP in solution assumes a helical conformation with a hydrophobic channel about 6 A in diameter and approximately 29 A long, dimensions appropriate for accommodating the paraffinic chain of palmitoyl-CoA in the form of an inclusion complex. Since palmitoyl-CoA binds to polysaccharide much more tightly than free palmitate it is further postulated that ionized groups of the CoA moiety of acyl CoA participate in the binding and do so by hydrogen bonding to the hydrophilic exterior of helical MMP. Palmitoyl-CoA, and to a lesser extent palmitate, affect the optical rotation of MMP and also of the alkylated cyclodextrins indicating that complex formation induces conformational changes in the polysaccharides. (+info)Optical rotation, also known as optical activity, is the phenomenon in which linearly polarized light rotates its plane of polarization as it passes through certain materials, such as sugars and some proteins, due to their chiral molecular structure.
Optical rotation, also known as optical activity, is a property of certain substances to rotate the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light as it passes through the substance. This ability arises from the presence of optically active molecules, most commonly chiral molecules, which have a non-superimposable mirror image.
The angle and direction of rotation (either clockwise or counterclockwise) are specific to each optically active substance and can be used as a characteristic identification property. The measurement of optical rotation is an important tool in the determination of the enantiomeric purity of chiral compounds, such as drugs and natural products, in chemistry and pharmacology.
The optical rotation of a substance can be influenced by factors such as temperature, concentration, wavelength of light, and solvent used. The magnitude of the optical rotation is often reported as the specific rotation, which is the optical rotation per unit length (usually expressed in degrees) and per unit concentration (often given in grams per deciliter or g/dL).
Optical Rotatory Dispersion (ORD) is a phenomenon in which the rotation of the plane of polarized light changes with wavelength, as it passes through an optically active substance, such as a chiral molecule or a crystal.
Optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) is a phenomenon in which plane-polarized light is rotated as it passes through an optically active substance. It is a measure of the difference in refractive index between left and right circularly polarized light, and is dependent on the wavelength of the light. ORD is used to determine the optical purity and absolute configuration of chiral molecules, particularly in the field of stereochemistry. The magnitude and sign of the rotation can provide information about the concentration and type of optically active compound present in a sample.
'Stereoisomerism' in medical terms refers to the phenomenon where molecules have the same chemical formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution) but differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms in three dimensions, resulting in different physical and biological properties.
Stereoisomerism is a type of isomerism (structural arrangement of atoms) in which molecules have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms, but differ in the three-dimensional orientation of their atoms in space. This occurs when the molecule contains asymmetric carbon atoms or other rigid structures that prevent free rotation, leading to distinct spatial arrangements of groups of atoms around a central point. Stereoisomers can have different chemical and physical properties, such as optical activity, boiling points, and reactivities, due to differences in their shape and the way they interact with other molecules.
There are two main types of stereoisomerism: enantiomers (mirror-image isomers) and diastereomers (non-mirror-image isomers). Enantiomers are pairs of stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other, but cannot be superimposed on one another. Diastereomers, on the other hand, are non-mirror-image stereoisomers that have different physical and chemical properties.
Stereoisomerism is an important concept in chemistry and biology, as it can affect the biological activity of molecules, such as drugs and natural products. For example, some enantiomers of a drug may be active, while others are inactive or even toxic. Therefore, understanding stereoisomerism is crucial for designing and synthesizing effective and safe drugs.
'Molecular conformation' refers to the specific three-dimensional shape and arrangement of atoms within a molecule, determined by the rotation around single bonds and the spatial orientation of its constituent groups, which can influence its chemical properties and interactions.
Molecular conformation, also known as spatial arrangement or configuration, refers to the specific three-dimensional shape and orientation of atoms that make up a molecule. It describes the precise manner in which bonds between atoms are arranged around a molecular framework, taking into account factors such as bond lengths, bond angles, and torsional angles.
Conformational isomers, or conformers, are different spatial arrangements of the same molecule that can interconvert without breaking chemical bonds. These isomers may have varying energies, stability, and reactivity, which can significantly impact a molecule's biological activity and function. Understanding molecular conformation is crucial in fields such as drug design, where small changes in conformation can lead to substantial differences in how a drug interacts with its target.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is an analytical technique that uses magnetic resonance to identify and quantify the presence of different chemical compounds based on their unique molecular structure, providing a metabolic profile of biological tissues or fluids.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that provides information about the biochemical composition of tissues, including their metabolic state. It is often used in conjunction with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to analyze various metabolites within body tissues, such as the brain, heart, liver, and muscles.
During MRS, a strong magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer are used to produce detailed images and data about the concentration of specific metabolites in the targeted tissue or organ. This technique can help detect abnormalities related to energy metabolism, neurotransmitter levels, pH balance, and other biochemical processes, which can be useful for diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions, including cancer, neurological disorders, and metabolic diseases.
There are different types of MRS, such as Proton (^1^H) MRS, Phosphorus-31 (^31^P) MRS, and Carbon-13 (^13^C) MRS, each focusing on specific elements or metabolites within the body. The choice of MRS technique depends on the clinical question being addressed and the type of information needed for diagnosis or monitoring purposes.
"Molecular Structure refers to the arrangement and composition of atoms, ions or molecules in a molecule, which defines its shape, size, and properties, determined by the nature and strength of chemical bonds between them."
Molecular structure, in the context of biochemistry and molecular biology, refers to the arrangement and organization of atoms and chemical bonds within a molecule. It describes the three-dimensional layout of the constituent elements, including their spatial relationships, bond lengths, and angles. Understanding molecular structure is crucial for elucidating the functions and reactivities of biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Various experimental techniques, like X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), are employed to determine molecular structures at atomic resolution, providing valuable insights into their biological roles and potential therapeutic targets.
'Chemistry' in a medical context often refers to the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of substances composing living tissues, which is crucial for understanding biological processes at molecular levels, including drug action and metabolism.
In the context of medicine, "chemistry" often refers to the field of study concerned with the properties, composition, and structure of elements and compounds, as well as their reactions with one another. It is a fundamental science that underlies much of modern medicine, including pharmacology (the study of drugs), toxicology (the study of poisons), and biochemistry (the study of the chemical processes that occur within living organisms).
In addition to its role as a basic science, chemistry is also used in medical testing and diagnosis. For example, clinical chemistry involves the analysis of bodily fluids such as blood and urine to detect and measure various substances, such as glucose, cholesterol, and electrolytes, that can provide important information about a person's health status.
Overall, chemistry plays a critical role in understanding the mechanisms of diseases, developing new treatments, and improving diagnostic tests and techniques.
"Chemical phenomena refer to the interactions and transformations of matter that occur at the molecular or atomic level as a result of chemical reactions, leading to the formation or breaking of bonds and the production of new substances with different properties."
Chemical phenomena refer to the changes and interactions that occur at the molecular or atomic level when chemicals are involved. These phenomena can include chemical reactions, in which one or more substances (reactants) are converted into different substances (products), as well as physical properties that change as a result of chemical interactions, such as color, state of matter, and solubility. Chemical phenomena can be studied through various scientific disciplines, including chemistry, biochemistry, and physics.
Optical rotation
... , also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the ... All optical phenomena have some nonlocality/wavevector influence but it is usually negligible; natural optical rotation, rather ... LibreTexts Chemistry - Polarimetry "Determination of optical rotation and specific rotation" (PDF). The International ... Natural optical rotation requires a special material, but it also relies on the fact that the wavevector of light is nonzero, ...
John Anthony Schellman
Optical rotation and protein configuration. C. R.trav. lab. Carlsberg Ser. Chim. 30:463-500. Shellman, John A. (2002). " ... Schellman, John A. (June 1, 1975). "Circular dichroism and optical rotation". Chemical Reviews. 75 (3): 323-331. doi:10.1021/ ... Schellman also developed "optical rotatory dispersion (ORD)" to measure α-helix and β-sheet secondary structures of proteins. ...
Igor Dzyaloshinskii
doi:10.1016/0038-1098(92)90236-3. Dzyaloshinskii, Igor; Papamichail, E. V. (1995). "Nonreciprocal Optical Rotation in ...
Cannabidiol
Petrzilka T, Haefliger W, Sikemeier C, Ohloff G, Eschenmoser A (March 1967). "[Synthesis and optical rotation of the (-)- ...
Polarimeter
... parallelism of the faces and optical axis errors. After that, the actual measurement value - the optical rotation - is measured ... Hence, a specific rotation S is determined as S = θ/LC, where L is the optical path length and C is concentration of the ... Moreover, the optical rotation of a substance is very sensitive to temperature. A more reliable and stable standard was found: ... The specific rotation [ α ] λ T {\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{\lambda }^{T}} is a physical property and defined as the optical ...
Francis G. Slack
Lageman, R. T.; Slack, F. G. (1936-06-01). "Magneto-Optical Rotation and Natural Dispersion in Gases". Physical Review. ... Slack, Francis G.; Breazeale, William M. (1932-10-15). "Magneto-Optic Rotation by Condenser Discharge". Physical Review. ...
H. Stanley Allen
doi:10.1088/1478-7814/31/1/303.. H. Stanley Allen (October 1920). "Optical Rotation, Optical Isomerism, and the Ring Electron ... H. Stanley Allen (May 1925). "Quantum Magnetic Tubes in Rotation". Philosophical Magazine. 49 (293): 981-992. doi:10.1080/ ...
Samuel Francis Boys
he started his Ph.D. work on the quantum theory of optical rotation under Professor T. M. Lowry Samuel Francis Boys at the ... His thesis was "The Quantum Theory of Optical Rotation". In 1938, Boys was appointed an Assistant Lecturer in Mathematical ...
Arborane
Another common method is measuring the optical rotation values. Arborinol is quite recalcitrant in sediment and has been ...
Magnetometer
Faraday rotation magnetometry utilizes nonlinear magneto-optical rotation to measure a sample's magnetization. In this method a ... Another method of optical magnetometry is Faraday rotation magnetometry. ... Optical magnetometry makes use of various optical techniques to measure magnetization. One such technique, Kerr magnetometry ... Caesium and potassium magnetometers are insensitive to rotation of the sensor while the measurement is being made. The lower ...
Specific rotation
... is an intensive property, distinguishing it from the more general phenomenon of optical rotation. As such, ... Moreover, the optical rotation of a compound may be non-linearly dependent on its enantiomeric excess because of aggregation in ... Optical rotation is measured with an instrument called a polarimeter. There is a linear relationship between the observed ... The variance of specific rotation with wavelength-a phenomenon known as optical rotatory dispersion-can be used to find the ...
Crystal optics
Birefringence Index ellipsoid Optical rotation Prism Amnon Yariv, Pochi Yeh. (2006). Photonics optical electronics in modern ... This causes a rotation of the principal axes of the medium and alters the behaviour of light travelling through it; the effect ... Certain nonlinear optical phenomena such as the electro-optic effect cause a variation of a medium's permittivity tensor when ... This can be used to design optical isolators, for example. A dielectric tensor that is not Hermitian gives rise to complex ...
Joseph Achille Le Bel
OCLC 1133741 Hexamethylbenzene Optical rotation Le Bel, J.-A. (1874). "Sur les relations qui existent entre les formules ... In 1874 he announced his theory outlining the relationship between molecular structure and optical activity. This discovery ...
Aerobeacon
An electric motor and gearbox drives the optical unit's rotation. They can optionally be fitted with a CG-2P automatic bulb ...
Shortolide A
Comparisons of calculated and experimental optical rotation was also used. A proposed synthesis is shown below. Anthonsen, ...
Pressure jump
Gruenewald B, Knoche W (1978). "Pressure jump method with detection of optical-rotation and circular-dichroism". Review of ...
Faraday rotator
Faraday rotation is a rare example of non-reciprocal optical propagation. Although reciprocity is a basic tenet of ... this is the basis of optical isolators used to prevent undesired reflections from disrupting an upstream optical system ( ... particularly a laser). The difference between Faraday rotation and other polarization rotation mechanisms is as follows. In an ... Unlike the rotation in an optically active medium such as a sugar solution, reflecting a polarized beam back through the same ...
Anomer
As the ratio changes, the optical rotation of the mixture changes; this phenomenon is called mutarotation. Though the cyclic ... One of the most important physical properties that is used to study anomers is the specific rotation, which can be monitored by ... melting points and specific rotations. Two anomers are designated alpha (α) or beta (β), according to the configurational ...
Lighthouse of Ponta de Sagres
The rotation of the optical beacon is produced from clock mechanism. The building consists of a rectangular tower of white ... On 28 November 1906, the 5th order diopter lamp was substituted by an optical device of greater range. This lantern was lit on ... 23 June 1923, following the construction of a new building with the installation of a 4th order catadioptric optical lamp, that ...
Chromatography detector
Chiral detector continuously measures the optical angle of rotation of the effluent. It is used only when chiral compounds are ...
Eligio Perucca
Perucca reported that the dyed crystal did exhibit the desired optical rotation. However, because his report was not widely ... In a paper published in 1919, Perucca reported an experiment which produced optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) as a result of ... Perucca was attempting to replicate a nineteenth-century experiment (1860) in which amethyst exhibited optical activity in the ... His goal was to see if addition of the organic dye on the crystalline structure would induce enhanced optical activity ( ...
Two-photon circular dichroism
Cameron, R.; Tabisz, G.C. (2007). "Characterization of intensity-dependent optical rotation phenomena in chiral molecules in ... intensity dependent multiphoton optical rotation, resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization, and polarization modulation single ... Polarization rotator Hyper Rayleigh Scattering Optical Activity Raman optical activity (ROA) Hernández, F.E.; Rizzo, A. (2011 ... Cryptochirality Specific rotation Circular dichroism Birefringence Geometric phase Polarization Levorotation and dextrorotation ...
Augustin-Jean Fresnel
... now called optical rotation or optical activity or sometimes rotary polarization) was a gradual rotation of the polarization ... The connection between optical rotation and birefringence was further explained in 1822, in the memoir on elliptical and ... He then explained how optical rotation could be understood as a species of birefringence. Linearly-polarized light could be ... In the same supplement, Fresnel reported his discovery that optical rotation could be emulated by passing the polarized light ...
Henri Bénard
The second part of his thesis dealt with optical rotation in sugars.) This work laid the foundation for the study of Rayleigh- ... Bénard's initial scientific efforts related to the optical rotation of sugars, resulting in papers co-authored with Mascart and ... Applications included optical devices for military use, such as for detecting submarine and ship wakes. In 1916, Bénard met the ... Bénard specialized in experimental fluid dynamics, and the use of optical methods to study it. He was a faculty member at the ...
PVLAS
2008). "New PVLAS results and limits on magnetically induced optical rotation and ellipticity in vacuum". Physical Review D. 77 ... 2006). "Experimental Observation of Optical Rotation Generated in Vacuum by a Magnetic Field". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11 ... An observation of the rotation of light polarization by the vacuum in a magnetic field was published in 2006. Data taken with ... PVLAS uses a high-finesse Fabry-Perot optical cavity. The first setup, used until 2005, sent a linearly polarized laser beam ...
Enantiomeric excess
A non-racemic mixture of two enantiomers will have a net optical rotation. It is possible to determine the specific rotation of ... The use of enantiomeric excess has established itself because of its historic ties with optical rotation. It has been suggested ... The ideal equivalence between enantiomeric excess and optical purity does not always hold. For example, the specific rotation ... optical purity (%) = [α]obs/[α]max · 100 Ideally, the contribution of each component of the mixture to the total optical ...
Hernandaline
Its optical rotation is [ α ] D 20 = + 36.5 {\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{D}^{20}=+36.5} °. Aporphine Lakshmi; et al. (2009). "An ...
Axion
PVLAS Collaboration) (2006). "Experimental Observation of Optical Rotation Generated in Vacuum by a Magnetic Field" (PDF). ... A rotation claim in 2006 was excluded by an upgraded setup. An optimized search began in 2014. Another technique is so called " ... Wu, Liang; Salehi, M.; Koirala, N.; Moon, J.; Oh, S.; Armitage, N.P. (2 December 2016). "Quantized Faraday and Kerr rotation ... The gravitational effects of these rings on galactic structure and rotation might then be observable. Other cold dark matter ...
Optical rotatory dispersion
... is the variation in the optical rotation of a substance with a change in the wavelength of light. ... Magnetic optical rotation is known as the Faraday effect, and its wavelength dependence is known as magnetic optical rotatory ... This dependence of specific rotation on wavelength is called optical rotatory dispersion. In all materials the rotation varies ... If the entire optical rotatory dispersion spectrum is known, the circular dichroism spectrum can be calculated, and vice versa ...
Eskimo yo-yo
Gill, S. J. (1961), "A demonstration of optical rotation with an "Eskimo yo-yo"". Journal of Chemical Education 38 (5): 263. ( ... the yo-yo may also be used to demonstrate visual properties such as optical rotation and circular dichroism. Though the early ... "The use of an Eskimo yo-yo to demonstrate circular dichroism and optical rotation". Journal of Chemical Education 54 (9): 577 ... Rotation, Traditional toys, Yo-yos, Yupik culture). ...
Optical rotation - Wikipedia
Optical rotation, also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the ... All optical phenomena have some nonlocality/wavevector influence but it is usually negligible; natural optical rotation, rather ... LibreTexts Chemistry - Polarimetry "Determination of optical rotation and specific rotation" (PDF). The International ... Natural optical rotation requires a special material, but it also relies on the fact that the wavevector of light is nonzero, ...
Self-Oscillating Rubidium Magnetometer using Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation | NIST
The detection of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) of polarized light through alkali atomic vapor is a highly sensitive ... The detection of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) of polarized light through alkali atomic vapor is a highly sensitive ... Self-Oscillating Rubidium Magnetometer using Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation, Review of Scientific Instruments, [online], ... www.nist.gov/publications/self-oscillating-rubidium-magnetometer-using-nonlinear-magneto-optical-rotation ...
A scientific note on the specific optical rotation of three honey
types from Bulgaria
| Apidologie
3D Optical Profilometer with Built-in Motorized Rotation Unit
Shape Model and Rotation Acceleration of (1685) Toro and (85989) 1999 JD6 from Optical Observations----Research in Astronomy...
Rotation Trainers | Optometrist in McHenry, IL | McHenry Optical
ISO 592:1998 - Essential oils - Determination of optical rotation
Refresh Your Sunglass Rotation with Paradigm Eyewear - Optical Prism Magazine
What do you mean by optical rotation? - Our Planet Today
... also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization ... What is optical and specific rotation?. Optical rotation is the rotation of plane-polarized light when a light beam is directed ... Tartaric acid has a specific rotation of +12.0 degrees.. How do you measure optical rotation?. To measure optical rotation, a ... What is optical rotation in polarimeter?. The angle by which the polarization plane is rotated is called optical rotation. It ...
3-Carboxy-2,3-dideoxy-L-threo-pentaric acid | C6H8O7 | ChemSpider
Estimating rotations and translations from optical targets | Rotations
Estimating rotations and translations from optical targets. There are two main problems in tracking and navigation. The first ... Lastly, when the rotation has the representation , it can be shown from using (34) that the angle and axis of rotation are, ... method is that determining the rotation axis and the corresponding rotation angle for the screw axis representation of the ... In terms of Eulers representation, the rotation is equivalent to a counterclockwise rotation of about an axis ...
Sitosterol | C29H50O | ChemSpider
ROTATION TYPE OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER<...
ROTATION TYPE OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER. / Fang, Wai-Chi (Inventor). Patent No.: US 9,622,663 B2. Apr 18, 2017.. Research ... ROTATION TYPE OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER. Patent No.: US 9,622,663 B2. Apr 18, 2017. ... Fang, W-C. (2017). ROTATION TYPE OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER. (Patent No. US 9,622,663 B2). ... 18 2017, ROTATION TYPE OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER, Patent No. US 9,622,663 B2. ...
PDF) The Constituents of Rubus rosifolius. The Structure of Rosifoliol, a Biogenetically Significant Sesquiterpenoid
55] For the optical rotation of 2 low negative values between [α] D = À 2 and À 9.7 are given in the literature, [24,26,27,30, ... 55] For the optical rotation of 2 low negative values between [α] D = À 2 and À 9.7 are given in the literature, [24,26,27,30, ... Optical Rotation and Structure in the Labdane Series of Diterpenoids. January 1966 · Australian Journal of Chemistry ... The correlation between optical rotation and structure in the labdane series of bicyclic diterpenoids is discussed with ...
Analysis of faraday rotation and magneto-optical transmission in monolayer graphene<...
Analysis of faraday rotation and magneto-optical transmission in monolayer graphene. / Shovkovy, Igor; Wang, Xinyang. In: ... The Faraday rotation angle and the magneto-optical transmission of light through the monolayer graphene with a magnetic field ... N2 - The Faraday rotation angle and the magneto-optical transmission of light through the monolayer graphene with a magnetic ... AB - The Faraday rotation angle and the magneto-optical transmission of light through the monolayer graphene with a magnetic ...
How much is the degree of movement per handle rotation? - MIRUC OPTICAL CO.,LTD.
It is a page ofHow much is the degree of movement per handle rotation?We are a manufacturer that started from the development ... and manufacture of measuring tool microscopes and has developed various optical and precision instruments such as XY stages and ... MIRUC OPTICAL CO.,LTD.. 34-24 Matsuki, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo Japan, 192-0362. TEL：Phone:+81-42-679-3825 FAX：+81-42-679-3827. ... How much is the degree of movement per handle rotation?. 公開日:2013/06/04. Rack and pinion type has 18ｍｍ.. Feed screw type has ...
Beam rotation actuator based on dove prism in the optical storage media - Fingerprint - Korea University
Piezoelectric Effect Crystals - Rotation Electro Optical Pockels Crystals Q Switched Crystal 10mm / 40mm Length from China...
Rotation Electro Optical Pockels Crystals Q Switched Crystal 10mm / 40mm Length * MOQ: 1pc ... Manufacturer of a wide range of products which include Rotation Electro Optical Pockels Crystals Q Switched Crystal 10mm / 40mm ... "Rotation Electro Optical Pockels Crystals Q Switched Crystal 10mm 40mm Length","imgUrl":"https:\/\/www.ecerimg.com\/nimg\/c7\/ ... e2\/d143adf19c9e1d99e0ff248c9a1c-600x600-1\/rotation_electro_optical_pockels_crystals_q_switched_crystal_10mm_2f_40mm_length. ...
Binary Code, Optical Illusion, Rotation | Wallpapers.com
Rotation Multiple sizes available for all screen sizes and devices. 100% Free and No Sign-Up Required. ... Binary Code, Optical Illusion, Rotation Wallpaper. Binary Code, Optical Illusion, Rotation Wallpaper. Preview Wallpaper Binary ... Related Binary Code, Optical Illusion, Rotation Wallpapers. * A colorful view into the world of programming Wallpaper. ...
Fundamentals of cavity-enhanced polarimetry for parity-nonconserving optical rotation measurements: Application to Xe, Hg, and...
... optical rotation. We discuss the possibility of detecting PNC optical rotation in accessible transitions in metastable Xe and ... the physics of the PNC optical rotation is presented, and we explore the lineshape effects on the expected PNC optical rotation ... Using recent atomic structure theoretical calculations, we present simulations of the PNC optical rotation signals for all ... Fundamentals of cavity-enhanced polarimetry for parity-nonconserving optical rotation measurements: Application to Xe, Hg, and ...
Rare earth-iron magnetostrictive materials and devices using these materials (Patent) | DOE Patents
Semiconductor sensor for optically measuring polarization rotation of optical wavefronts using rare earth iron garnets Patent ... and an optical and electrical processing system for monitoring the polarization rotation of a linearly polarized wavefront ... The sensor element may be coated with a thin-film mirror to effectively doublemore » the optical path length, providing twice ... Described are the design of a rare earth iron garnet sensor element, optical methods of interrogating the sensor element, ...
Etd | The Synthesis And Resolution Of Asymmetric Amines: Effect Of Negative Substituents On Their Stability And Optical...
Physico-Chemical Property Testing for REACH or Other Regulatory Submissions
Diabetes Management Technologies 2022-2032: Markets, Players, and Forecasts: IDTechEx
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2. Stereo- descriptors Comments (+)- / d- Optical rotation signs; does not reflect the configuration; Spatial arrangements of ... 5. Objectionable / Abuse Preferred usage Optical antipode Enantiomer Optical resolution Stereochemical lexicon --- select 2021 ... Dissymmetric Optical isomers Structural isomers d- Stereochemical lexicon Stereochemical lexicon --- select D E S C R I P T O R ... Chiral substance Chiral/Asymmetric synthesis Enantioselective synthesis Optical purity Enantiomeric purity / excess Homochiral ...
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ISO 3054:1987 - Oil of lavandin abrialis (Lavandula angustifolia P. Miller x Lavandula latifolia (Linnaeus f.) Medikus), France
Gaussian 16 Capabilities | Gaussian.comMagneto-opticalFaradayMeasurementsConcentrationAngleNonlinearClockwiseCrystalsPolarimetryBeamIllusionMoleculePhysicsChiralPolarizationMagneticPolarizersPolarimeterDegreesConsistEquationsOpticallyCoherentAtomicContentPrincipleSpecificApplicationsPolarized lightDataComponentsUnitActivityPropertiesMeasureApplicationPhysicalLeft
Magneto-optical2
- The detection of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) of polarized light through alkali atomic vapor is a highly sensitive technique for measuring magnetic fields. (nist.gov)
- Theory of colliding-probe atomic magnetometry: breaking the symmetry-enforced magneto-optical rotation blockade. (bvsalud.org)
Faraday4
- The Faraday rotation angle and the magneto-optical transmission of light through the monolayer graphene with a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of graphene are calculated within the framework of the low-energy effective quantum field theory of Dirac quasiparticles. (elsevierpure.com)
- Shovkovy, I & Wang, X 2014, ' Analysis of faraday rotation and magneto-optical transmission in monolayer graphene ', International Journal of Modern Physics B , vol. 28, no. 8, 1450061. (elsevierpure.com)
- Another venue to spin-photon interfacing is to make use of the rotation of optical polarization (so-called Faraday or Kerr rotation) induced by a single spin placed at the centre of a cavity-quantum electrodynamics (QED) device. (nature.com)
- Coherent and incoherent effects in ultrafast optical excitation, nonlinear Faraday rotation in magnetic semiconductors. (ufl.edu)
Measurements2
- Illustration of the reference and current position measurements of a set of optical targets (or landmarks) attached to a rigid body. (berkeley.edu)
- The Total Absolute Measurement System (TAMS) unit allows you to choose the right detector for angular-dependent measurements of optical properties of thin and thick samples. (azooptics.com)
Concentration4
- The specific rotation is a measure of the rotation of the said plane of polarization of incident light by a tube of material 1 decimeter long and of concentration 1 g/cc . (geoscience.blog)
- An optical particle counter (OPC), a condensation nucleus counter (CNC), and an electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI) were used to measure the number concentration of particles and microorganisms aerosolized from MWF. (cdc.gov)
- As was anticipated, the results showed that the concentration of particles aerosolized from pure MWF increased with the increase in the tool rotation speed and the fluid application rate. (cdc.gov)
- For example, at the tool rotation speed of 8000 rpm, the fine particle concentration (0.02-1.0 um) aerosolized from the P. fluorescens suspension in was 50-fold higher than that from pure MWF and 5-fold higher than that from pure P. fluorescens suspension in water. (cdc.gov)
Angle6
- Optical rotation of a substance is the angle through which the change or rotation in plane of polarisation occurs when polarised light passes through optically active substances . (geoscience.blog)
- Specific rotation gives the angle of rotation of plane-polarized light by a certain compound at a certain temperature. (geoscience.blog)
- The angle by which the polarization plane is rotated is called optical rotation. (geoscience.blog)
- The measurement results are availale in only 1 second, independently of the angle of rotation. (azooptics.com)
- Also a high angle of rotation is measured within 1 second. (azooptics.com)
- On the importance of vibrational contributions to small-angle optical rotation: Fluoro-oxirane in gas phase and solution. (lu.se)
Nonlinear1
- Phonon Staircase, Nonlinear Farday Rotation in magnetic semiconductors, Differential Reflection and Transmission Spectroscopy. (ufl.edu)
Clockwise3
- When looking at the source of light, the rotation of the plane of polarization may be either to the right (dextrorotatory or dextrorotary - d-rotary, represented by (+), clockwise), or to the left (levorotatory or levorotary - l-rotary, represented by (−), counter-clockwise) depending on which stereoisomer is dominant. (wikipedia.org)
- From the point of view of the observer, dextrorotation refers to clockwise or right-handed rotation, and laevorotation refers to counterclockwise or left-handed rotation. (wikipedia.org)
- Optical activity: Optical activity is the property of certain organic substances to rotate the plane of plane polarised light towards the right (clockwise) or towards the left (anticlockwise) . (geoscience.blog)
Crystals1
- It can also be observed in chiral solids such as certain crystals with a rotation between adjacent crystal planes (such as quartz) or metamaterials. (wikipedia.org)
Polarimetry1
- By polarimetry the optical activity of a substance is determined. (azooptics.com)
Beam2
- Optical rotation is the rotation of plane-polarized light when a light beam is directed through certain materials. (geoscience.blog)
- To measure optical rotation, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) produces a beam of ordinary light. (geoscience.blog)
Illusion2
- Under the principle of minimally invasive dentistry, cosmetic contouring appeared as a technique for dental remodeling by an optical illusion, by reduction of dental angles, or by the addition of resin. (bvsalud.org)
- This study aimed to discuss the advantages and limitations of using the technique of cosmetic contouring and to describe the case of a patient with tooth rotation, inverted smile, and changes in color and in the mesiodistal distance of the upper incisor battery who underwent cosmetic remodeling of the smile based on principles of optical illusion, with minimal tooth abrasion and the addition of composite resin. (bvsalud.org)
Molecule3
- The prefix used to indicate absolute configuration is not directly related to the (+) or (−) prefix used to indicate optical rotation in the same molecule. (wikipedia.org)
- The D- and L- prefixes describe the molecule as a whole, as do the (+) and (−) prefixes for optical rotation. (wikipedia.org)
- The cause of optical activity for a molecule is when the molecule is chiral . (geoscience.blog)
Physics2
- Dextrorotation and laevorotation (also spelled levorotation) are terms used in chemistry and physics to describe the optical rotation of plane-polarized light. (wikipedia.org)
- We discuss the possibility of detecting PNC optical rotation in accessible transitions in metastable Xe and Hg, and ground state I. In particular, the physics of the PNC optical rotation is presented, and we explore the lineshape effects on the expected PNC optical rotation signals. (bec.gr)
Chiral3
- Optical activity occurs only in chiral materials, those lacking microscopic mirror symmetry. (wikipedia.org)
- Compounds with these properties consist of chiral molecules and are said to have optical activity. (wikipedia.org)
- Molecules or ions that are present in optical isomers are called chiral. (geoscience.blog)
Polarization8
- Optical rotation, also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization about the optical axis of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials. (wikipedia.org)
- Unlike other sources of birefringence which alter a beam's state of polarization, optical activity can be observed in fluids. (wikipedia.org)
- Optical activity is defined as the property shown by the compounds in which the plane of polarization is rotated for a plane-polarized light. (geoscience.blog)
- These perspectives rely on the possibility that a single spin induces a macroscopic rotation of a photon polarization. (nature.com)
- Such polarization rotations induced by single spins were recently observed, yet limited to a few 10 −3 degrees due to poor spin-photon coupling. (nature.com)
- The cavity-enhanced coupling between the incoming photons and the solid-state spin results in a polarization rotation by ±6° when the spin is optically initialized in the up or down state. (nature.com)
- In this work, we technologically implement a cavity-QED device coupled to a stationary spin qubit, allowing the enhancement by three orders of magnitude of the polarization rotation. (nature.com)
- The fabricated device presents an optimal QD-cavity coupling strength, nearly polarization-degenerate optical modes and an efficient coupling with external beams 25 , 26 . (nature.com)
Magnetic1
- Electronic and optical properties of quantum confined Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors. (ufl.edu)
Polarizers1
- Modulation of a liquid crystal's optical activity, viewed between two sheet polarizers, is the principle of operation of liquid-crystal displays (used in most modern televisions and computer monitors). (wikipedia.org)
Polarimeter4
- Optical activity is measured using a polarized source and polarimeter. (wikipedia.org)
- What is optical rotation in polarimeter? (geoscience.blog)
- What is optical rotation in optics and how it is measured through polarimeter? (geoscience.blog)
- [α] λ T ) of an optically active compound is defined as follows: α = observed rotation measured using a polarimeter. (geoscience.blog)
Degrees3
- Values for specific rotation are reported in units of deg·mL·g − 1 ·dm − 1 , which are typically shortened to just degrees, wherein the other components of the unit are tacitly assumed. (geoscience.blog)
- Tartaric acid has a specific rotation of +12.0 degrees . (geoscience.blog)
- A resident hole spin, in a semiconductor QD-pillar cavity device, is initialized 23 and measured using resonant pump and probe beams: a Kerr rotation of several degrees is obtained. (nature.com)
Consist1
- Rotation trainers consist of a disk - with various designs - that is attached to a rod-like base. (mchenryoptical.com)
Equations1
- Matrix Methods for Solution of Boltzmann Transport Equations in Ultrafast Optical Excitation. (ufl.edu)
Optically2
- Optical activity of an organic compound refers to the property of an organic compound by the virtue of which, it rotates the plane polarized light (produced by passing ordinary light through Nicol prism) when it is passed through their solutions and the compounds are known as optically active compounds. (geoscience.blog)
- Therefore, those compounds are called optically active and their property is referred to as optical rotation. (geoscience.blog)
Coherent1
- Coherent Optical Phonons in Thin Films. (ufl.edu)
Atomic1
- Using recent atomic structure theoretical calculations, we present simulations of the PNC optical rotation signals for all proposed transitions, assuming a range of experimentally feasible parameters. (bec.gr)
Content1
- Each compound was characterized for carbon and hydrogen content, optical rotation, UV-visible light absorption, and melting point. (usda.gov)
Principle1
- The present invention relates to chemical experiment teaching technical field, and in particular to a kind of university chemistry based on counter-rotation principle Test tube cleaning equipment is used in teaching. (google.com)
Specific7
- What is optical and specific rotation? (geoscience.blog)
- This is the key difference between optical rotation and specific rotation. (geoscience.blog)
- In the circumstance of 20 °C, the specific optical rotation of sucrose is known to be 66.6° , whereas that of glucose and fructose is 52.2° and −92.4°, respectively. (geoscience.blog)
- What is specific rotation sugar? (geoscience.blog)
- What do you understand from the specific rotation of sugar solution? (geoscience.blog)
- What is the formula of specific rotation? (geoscience.blog)
- What is the specific rotation of tartaric acid? (geoscience.blog)
Applications1
- In many applications, the targets are optical and the data are recorded with a computer vision system. (berkeley.edu)
Polarized light1
- The rotation of the orientation of linearly polarized light was first observed in 1811 in quartz by French physicist François Arago. (wikipedia.org)
Data1
- Unlike traditional optical profiling systems that are hard to use and have material restrictions due to low dynamic range, the VR-6000 offers a simple place-and-press interface partnered with HDR scanning to capture highly-accurate data, even on glossy or matte surfaces,' said a company spokesperson. (mfgnewsweb.com)
Components1
- The directional sensitivity of the existing real space imaging methods is limited to a few directions on the imaging plane and requires scanning of the optical components, or the rotation of either the sample or the imaging setup, in order to cover the full range of possible scattering directions. (lu.se)
Unit1
- What is the unit of optical rotation? (geoscience.blog)
Activity3
- Circular birefringence and circular dichroism are the manifestations of optical activity. (wikipedia.org)
- What is optical activity Class 12? (geoscience.blog)
- What is optical activity Class 11? (geoscience.blog)
Properties1
- 3 In this regard, one should mention nanoparticle-reinforced resins, which have excellent physical, mechanical, and optical properties and, therefore, conclude that the evolution of available materials and the improvement of surgical techniques have given highly significant and favorable results in the quest for self-image. (bvsalud.org)
Measure1
- How do you measure optical rotation? (geoscience.blog)
Application1
- The tool rotation speed varied from 800 to 8000 rpm and the fluid application rate varied from 0.4 to 1.6 l min-1. (cdc.gov)
Physical1
- What is optical rotation in physical pharmaceutics? (geoscience.blog)
Left2
- Case Report: Cosmetic contouring was applied to a female patient who presented with rotation of maxillary left lateral incisor, and concave and fractured edges of the upper central incisors, creating an impression of an "inverted smile. (bvsalud.org)
- On clinical examination, rotation of tooth left lateral superior incisor was observed, as well as a concave edge of the central incisors in relation to the lower lip, creating an impression of an "inverted smile. (bvsalud.org)
