DiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
Observer VariationReproducibility of ResultsGenetic VariationTraumatologyDiscitisOrthopedicsManuscripts, MedicalMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalaysiaEpidural Abscess
Observer Variation
The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).
Reproducibility of Results
The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.
Genetic Variation
Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.
Traumatology
The medical specialty which deals with WOUNDS and INJURIES as well as resulting disability and disorders from physical traumas.
Discitis
Inflammation of an INTERVERTEBRAL DISC or disk space which may lead to disk erosion. Until recently, discitis has been defined as a nonbacterial inflammation and has been attributed to aseptic processes (e.g., chemical reaction to an injected substance). However, recent studies provide evidence that infection may be the initial cause, but perhaps not the promoter, of most cases of discitis. Discitis has been diagnosed in patients following discography, myelography, lumbar puncture, paravertebral injection, and obstetrical epidural anesthesia. Discitis following chemonucleolysis (especially with chymopapain) is attributed to chemical reaction by some and to introduction of microorganisms by others.
Orthopedics
A surgical specialty which utilizes medical, surgical, and physical methods to treat and correct deformities, diseases, and injuries to the skeletal system, its articulations, and associated structures.
Manuscripts, Medical
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.
Malaysia
A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)
Epidural Abscess
Circumscribed collections of suppurative material occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone, SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)

Integrated visualization of functional and anatomic brain data: a validation study. (1/5805)

Two-dimensional SPECT display and three methods for integrated visualization of SPECT and MRI patient data are evaluated in a multiobserver study to determine whether localization of functional data can be improved by adding anatomical information to the display. METHODS: SPECT and MRI data of 30 patients were gathered and presented using four types of display: one of SPECT in isolation, two integrated two-dimensional displays and one integrated three-dimensional display. Cold and hot spots in the peripheral cortex were preselected and indicated on black-and-white hard copies of the image data. Nuclear medicine physicians were asked to assign the corresponding spots in the image data on the computer screen to a lobe and a gyrus and give a confidence rating for both localizations. Interobserver agreement using kappa statistics and average confidence ratings were assessed to interpret the reported observations. RESULTS: Both the interobserver agreement and the confidence of the observers were greater for the integrated two-dimensional displays than for the two-dimensional SPECT display. An additional increase in agreement and confidence was seen with the integrated three-dimensional display. CONCLUSION: Integrated display of SPECT and MR brain images provides better localization of cerebral blood perfusion abnormalities in the peripheral cortex in relation to the anatomy of the brain than single-modality display and increases the confidence of the observer.  (+info)

The Sock Test for evaluating activity limitation in patients with musculoskeletal pain. (2/5805)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Assessment within rehabilitation often must reflect patients' perceived functional problems and provide information on whether these problems are caused by impairments of the musculoskeletal system. Such capabilities were examined in a new functional test, the Sock Test, simulating the activity of putting on a sock. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Intertester reliability was examined in 21 patients. Concurrent validity, responsiveness, and predictive validity were examined in a sample of 337 patients and in subgroups of this sample. RESULTS: Intertester reliability was acceptable. Sock Test scores were related to concurrent reports of activity limitation in dressing activities. Scores also reflected questionnaire-derived reports of problems in a broad range of activities of daily living and pain and were responsive to change over time. Increases in age and body mass index increased the likelihood of Sock Test scores indicating activity limitation. Pretest scores were predictive of perceived difficulties in dressing activities after 1 year. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Sock Test scores reflect perceived activity limitations and restrictions of the musculoskeletal system.  (+info)

Identifying homologous anatomical landmarks on reconstructed magnetic resonance images of the human cerebral cortical surface. (3/5805)

Guided by a review of the anatomical literature, 36 sulci on the human cerebral cortical surface were designated as homologous. These sulci were assessed for visibility on 3-dimensional images reconstructed from magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brains of 20 normal volunteers by 2 independent observers. Those sulci that were found to be reproducibly identifiable were used to define 24 landmarks around the cortical surface. The interobserver and intraobserver variabilities of measurement of the 24 landmarks were calculated. These reliably reproducible landmarks can be used for detailed morphometric analysis, and may prove helpful in the analysis of suspected cerebral cortical structured abnormalities in patients with such conditions as epilepsy.  (+info)

Venous duplex scanning of the leg: range, variability and reproducibility. (4/5805)

Despite the many studies on venous haemodynamics using duplex, only a few evaluated the normal values, variability and reproducibility. Therefore, the range and variability of venous diameter, compressibility, flow and reflux were measured. To obtain normal values, 42 healthy individuals (42 limbs, 714 vein segments) with no history of venous disease were scanned by duplex. To determine the reproducibility the intra-observer variability was measured in 11 healthy individuals (187 vein segments) and the inter-observer variability in 15 healthy individuals (255 vein segments) and 13 patients (169 vein segments) previously diagnosed with deep venous thrombosis. Of the 714 normal vein segments, 708 (99%) were traceable, including the crural veins. Of the traceable vein segments, 675 (95%) were compressible and in 696 (98%) flow was present. Of the 42 common femoral vein segments, in 25 (60%) the reflux duration exceeded 1.0 s, but in the other proximal vein segments the reflux duration was less than 1.0 s (95% confidence interval 3.0-10.0). With the exception of the distal long saphenous vein, in the distal vein segments the reflux duration was less than 0.5 s (95% confidence interval 3.5-8.2). The coefficient of variation of the diameter measurements ranged from 14 to 50% and that of the reflux measurements from 28 to 60%. The kappa-coefficient of the inter-observer variability in the classification of compressibility measurements in the patients was 0. 77 and that of the reflux measurements was 0.86. This study shows that almost all veins were compressible in healthy individuals, except the distal femoral veins. In healthy individuals the duration of reflux of the proximal veins was less than 1.0 s and in the distal veins it was less than 0.5 s. The inter-observer variability of the reflux and compressibility measurements in the patients was good.  (+info)

Computed radiography dual energy subtraction: performance evaluation when detecting low-contrast lung nodules in an anthropomorphic phantom. (5/5805)

A dedicated chest computed radiography (CR) system has an option of energy subtraction (ES) acquisition. Two imaging plates, rather than one, are separated by a copper filter to give a high-energy and low-energy image. This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of conventional computed radiography to that of ES obtained with two radiographic techniques. One soft tissue only image was obtained at the conventional CR technique (s = 254) and the second was obtained at twice the radiation exposure (s = 131) to reduce noise. An anthropomorphic phantom with superimposed low-contrast lung nodules was imaged 53 times for each radiographic technique. Fifteen images had no nodules; 38 images had a total of 90 nodules placed on the phantom. Three chest radiologists read the three sets of images in a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) study. Significant differences in Az were only found between (1) the higher exposure energy subtracted images and the conventional dose energy subtracted images (P = .095, 90% confidence), and (2) the conventional CR and the energy subtracted image obtained at the same technique (P = .024, 98% confidence). As a result of this study, energy subtracted images cannot be substituted for conventional CR images when detecting low-contrast nodules, even when twice the exposure is used to obtain them.  (+info)

Tomatoes, tomato-based products, lycopene, and cancer: review of the epidemiologic literature. (6/5805)

The epidemiologic literature in the English language regarding intake of tomatoes and tomato-based products and blood lycopene (a compound derived predominantly from tomatoes) level in relation to the risk of various cancers was reviewed. Among 72 studies identified, 57 reported inverse associations between tomato intake or blood lycopene level and the risk of cancer at a defined anatomic site; 35 of these inverse associations were statistically significant. No study indicated that higher tomato consumption or blood lycopene level statistically significantly increased the risk of cancer at any of the investigated sites. About half of the relative risks for comparisons of high with low intakes or levels for tomatoes or lycopene were approximately 0.6 or lower. The evidence for a benefit was strongest for cancers of the prostate, lung, and stomach. Data were also suggestive of a benefit for cancers of the pancreas, colon and rectum, esophagus, oral cavity, breast, and cervix. Because the data are from observational studies, a cause-effect relationship cannot be established definitively. However, the consistency of the results across numerous studies in diverse populations, for case-control and prospective studies, and for dietary-based and blood-based investigations argues against bias or confounding as the explanation for these findings. Lycopene may account for or contribute to these benefits, but this possibility is not yet proven and requires further study. Numerous other potentially beneficial compounds are present in tomatoes, and, conceivably, complex interactions among multiple components may contribute to the anticancer properties of tomatoes. The consistently lower risk of cancer for a variety of anatomic sites that is associated with higher consumption of tomatoes and tomato-based products adds further support for current dietary recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable consumption.  (+info)

The psychometric properties of clinical rating scales used in multiple sclerosis. (7/5805)

OullII;l y Many clinical rating scales have been proposed to assess the impact of multiple sclerosis on patients, but only few have been evaluated formally for reliability, validity and responsiveness. We assessed the psychometric properties of five commonly used scales in multiple sclerosis, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Scripps Neurological Rating Scale (SNRS), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the Ambulation Index (AI) and the Cambridge Multiple Sclerosis Basic Score (CAMBS). The score frequency distributions of all five scales were either bimodal (EDSS and AI) or severely skewed (SNRS, FIM and CAMBS). The reliability of each scale depended on the definition of 'agreement'. Inter-and intra-rater reliabilities were high when 'agreement' was considered to exist despite a difference of up to 1.0 EDSS point (two 0.5 steps), 13 SNRS points, 9 FIM points, 1 AI point and 1 point on the various CAMBS domains. The FIM, AI, and the relapse and progression domains of the CAMBS were sensitive to clinical change, but the EDSS and the SNRS were unresponsive. The validity of these scales as impairment (SNRS and EDSS) and disability (EDSS, FIM, AI and the disability domain of the CAMBS) measures was established. All scales correlated closely with other measures of handicap and quality of life. None of these scales satisfied the psychometric requirements of outcome measures completely, but each had some desirable properties. The SNRS and the EDSS were reliable and valid measures of impairment and disability, but they were unresponsive. The FIM was a reliable, valid and responsive measure of disability, but it is cumbersome to administer and has a limited content validity. The AI was a reliable and valid ambulation-related disability scale, but it was weakly responsive. The CAMBS was a reliable (all four domains) and responsive (relapse and progression domains) outcome measure, but had a limited validity (handicap domain). These psychometric properties should be considered when designing further clinical trials in multiple sclerosis.  (+info)

Cephalometric abnormalities in non-obese and obese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. (8/5805)

The aim of this work was to comprehensively evaluate the cephalometric features in Japanese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and to elucidate the relationship between cephalometric variables and severity of apnoea. Forty-eight cephalometric variables were measured in 37 healthy males and 114 male OSA patients, who were classed into 54 non-obese (body mass index (BMI) <27 kg x m(-2), apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI)=25.3+/-16.1 events x h(-1)) and 60 obese (BMI > or = 27 kg x m(-2), AHI=45.6+/-28.0 events h(-1)) groups. Diagnostic polysomnography was carried out in all of the OSA patients and in 19 of the normal controls. The non-obese OSA patients showed several cephalometric defects compared with their BMI-matched normal controls: 1) decreased facial A-P distance at cranial base, maxilla and mandible levels and decreased bony pharynx width; 2) enlarged tongue and inferior shift of the tongue volume; 3) enlarged soft palate; 4) inferiorly positioned hyoid bone; and 5) decreased upper airway width at four different levels. More extensive and severe soft tissue abnormalities with a few defects in craniofacial bony structures were found in the obese OSA group. For the non-obese OSA group, the stepwise regression model on AHI was significant with two bony structure variables as determinants: anterior cranial base length (S-N) and mandibular length (Me-Go). Although the regression model retained only linear distance between anterior vertebra and hyoid bone (H-VL) as an explainable determinant for AHI in the obese OSA group, H-VL was significantly correlated with soft tissue measurements such as overall tongue area (Ton), inferior tongue area (Ton2) and pharyngeal airway length (PNS-V). In conclusion, Japanese obstructive sleep apnoea patients have a series of cephalometric abnormalities similar to those described in Caucasian patients, and that the aetiology of obstructive sleep apnoea in obese patients may be different from that in non-obese patients. In obese patients, upper airway soft tissue enlargement may play a more important role in the development of obstructive sleep apnoea, whereas in non-obese patients, bony structure discrepancies may be the dominant contributing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea.  (+info)

Observer variation. Causes, symptoms, treatment Observer variationObserver variation. Causes, symptoms, treatment Observer variation
Description of disease Observer variation. Treatment Observer variation. Symptoms and causes Observer variation Prophylaxis Observer variation
http://drugster.info/medic/term/observer-variation/
Intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement of ultrasonic flowmetry using the velocity profile color doppler...Intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement of ultrasonic flowmetry using the velocity profile color doppler...
Application of the velocity profile method is recommended for reliable measurement of flow volume in larger vessels, and ultrasonic flowmetry is a useful clinical tool for this purpose. We used the velocity profile in conjunction with a minor modification in the conventional velocity profile method and examined the reproducibility of flowmetry from color Doppler data. Data of three examiners were allowed to analyze intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement in the common carotid artery, and we measured flow volume in the peripheral vessels of healthy individuals. Estimated flow volumes in five healthy examinees were 350 to 550 ml/min and did not vary significantly between examiners. Interobserver correlation was good (r 1=0.63), but intraobserver correlations in two sonographers were excellent (r 1=0.85) in by one who was experienced in this method and poor (r 1=0.32) in the other. Good interobserver agreement and intraobserver reproducibility of experienced examiners suggests that this
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Intraobserver-reproducibility-and-interobserver-ag-SJSUM-Takano/f8659693b1bf0a5e3280daf2c0ccff31eb7bef48
Incidental pulmonary embolism in cancer patients: Interobserver agreement on the diagnosis and extent with a focus on distal...
BACKGROUND: The incidence of incidental pulmonary embolism (IPE) in cancer patients is increasing. There is scant information on the interobserver agreement among radiologists about the diagnosis of distal incidental clots and the actual radiologic extension of IPE. METHODS: A total of 88 contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of cancer patients with IPE were reassessed blindly by two expert thoracic radiologists. First, 62 scans were reassessed and the interobserver agreement on most proximal extent of IPE was calculated between the two expert radiologists as well as between the initial and expert reading, using the kappa statistic. The sample was enriched with 26 additional scans for a total of 30 segmental and 29 subsegmental IPE to determine the interobserver agreement on distal clots. RESULTS: The level of agreement regarding the most proximal extent of IPE between the expert radiologists was very good (kappa 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.95) and poor between the original radiologist and ...
https://ricerca.unich.it/handle/11564/668545
Classification of trochanteric fracture of the proximal femur: a study of the reliability of current systems. - Semantic ScholarClassification of trochanteric fracture of the proximal femur: a study of the reliability of current systems. - Semantic Scholar
Five observers using the Jensen modification of the Evans classification and the AO classification (with and without subgroups) classified the radiographs of 88 trochanteric hip fractures. Each observer classified the radiographs independently on two occasions 3 months apart. Kappa statistical analysis was used for determination of intra- and inter-observer variation. For the Jensen classification, the mean kappa value was 0.52 (range: 0.44-0.60) for intra-observer variation and 0.34 (range: 0.17-0.38) for inter-observer variation. For the AO system with subgroups, the mean kappa value was 0.42 (range: 0.20-0.65) for intra-observer variation and 0.33 (range: 0.14-0.48) for inter-observer variation. For the AO classification system without subgroups, the mean kappa value was 0.71 (range: 0.60-0.81) for intra-observer variation and 0.62 (range: 0.50-0.71) for inter-observer variation. We recommend classifying trochanteric fractures into three groups as that of the AO system without the subgroups. For ease
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Classification-of-trochanteric-fracture-of-the-pro-Pervez-Parker/6bd1db8d2226bc6f2f27cdce49eeb5a2f39bd4a1
Interobserver variation in target volume for salvage radiotherapy in recurrent prostate cancer patients after radical...Interobserver variation in target volume for salvage radiotherapy in recurrent prostate cancer patients after radical...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Interobserver variation in target volume for salvage radiotherapy in recurrent prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy using CT versus combined CT and MRI. T2 - A multicenter study (KROG 13-11). AU - Lee, Eonju. AU - Park, Won. AU - Ahn, Sung Hwan. AU - Cho, Jae Ho. AU - Kim, Jin Hee. AU - Cho, Kwan Ho. AU - Choi, Young Min. AU - Kim, Jae Sung. AU - Kim, Jin Ho. AU - Jang, Hong Seok. AU - Kim, Young Seok. AU - Nam, Taek Keun. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018. The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology.. PY - 2018/3. Y1 - 2018/3. N2 - Purpose: To investigate interobserver variation in target volume delineations for prostate cancer salvage radiotherapy using planning computed tomography (CT) versus combined planning CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: Ten radiation oncologists independently delineated a target volume on the planning CT scans of five cases with different pathological status after radical prostatectomy. Two weeks later, this ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/interobserver-variation-in-target-volume-for-salvage-radiotherapy
Intra- and inter-observer variability in contouring prostate and seminal vesicles: Implications for conformal treatment...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Intra- and inter-observer variability in contouring prostate and seminal vesicles. T2 - Implications for conformal treatment planning. AU - Fiorino, Claudio. AU - Reni, Michele. AU - Bolognesi, Angelo. AU - Cattaneo, Giovanni Mauro. AU - Calandrino, Riccardo. PY - 1998/6. Y1 - 1998/6. N2 - Background and purpose: Accurate contouring of the clinical target volume (CTV) is a fundamental prerequisite for successful conformal radiotherapy of prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate intra- and inter-observer variability in contouring prostate (P) and seminal vesicles (SV) and its impact on conformal treatment planning in our working conditions. Materials and methods: Inter-observer variability was investigated by asking five well-trained radiotherapists of contouring on CT images the P and the SV of six supine-positioned patients previously treated with conformal techniques. Short-term intra-observer variability was assessed by asking the radiotherapists to ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/intra-and-inter-observer-variability-in-contouring-prostate-and-s
Microscopic measurement of inflammation in synovial tissue: inter-observer agreement for manual quantitative, semiquantitative...Microscopic measurement of inflammation in synovial tissue: inter-observer agreement for manual quantitative, semiquantitative...
Objectives: To evaluate inter-observer agreement for microscopic measurement of inflammation in synovial tissue using manual quantitative, semiquantitative and computerised digital image analysis.. Methods: Paired serial sections of synovial tissue, obtained at arthroscopic biopsy of the knee from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), were stained immunohistochemically for T lymphocyte (CD3) and macrophage (CD68) markers. Manual quantitative and semiquantitative scores for sub-lining layer CD3+ and CD68+ cell infiltration were independently derived in 6 international centres. Three centres derived scores using computerised digital image analysis. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated using Spearmans Rho and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).. Results: Paired tissue sections from 12 patients were selected for evaluation. Satisfactory inter-observer agreement was demonstrated for all 3 methods of analysis. Using manual methods, ICCs for measurement of CD3+ and CD68+ cell infiltration ...
http://ard.bmj.com/content/66/12/1656
STORRE: Observer Variation in the Assessment of Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury: Experience From A Multicenter, International...
OBJECTIVE: Accurate and consistent outcome assessment is essential to randomized clinical trials. We aimed to explore observer variation in the assessment of outcome in a recently completed trial of dexanabinol in head injury and to consider steps to reduce such variation. METHODS: Eight hundred sixty-one patients with severe traumatic brain injury who were admitted to 86 centers were included in a multicenter, placebo-controlled, Phase III trial. Outcome was assessed at 3 and 6 months postinjury using the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale; standardized assessment was facilitated by the use of a structured interview. Before initiation of trial centers, outcome ratings were obtained for sample cases to establish initial levels of agreement. Training sessions in outcome assessment were held, and problems in assigning outcome were investigated. During the trial, a process of central review was established to monitor performance. Interobserver variation was analyzed using the κ statistic. RESULTS: ...
https://dspace.stir.ac.uk/handle/1893/2386?mode=full
Observer variation in grading sacroiliac radiographs might be a cause of sacroiliitis reported in certain disease states. |...Observer variation in grading sacroiliac radiographs might be a cause of sacroiliitis reported in certain disease states. |...
Radiological sacroiliitis in Behçets syndrome (BS) has been a subject of controversy. We have examined pelvic radiographs of 38 patients with BS and 28 age and sex matched controls which we reported previously, and also 17 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 27 with non-renal familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), and 33 with primary osteoarthrosis (OA). Initially, five observers assessed radiographs on two different occasions according to the New York criteria for sacroiliitis in a blind protocol. Later, three of them examined the various possible abnormalities of the sacroiliac (SI) joints after training sessions. Although the inter- and intraobserver variation was quite high, all observers found the expected changes in patients with AS. The abnormalities detected in the other diseases were either mild, inconsistent, or both. Erosions were confined to patients with AS, and osteophytes and glenoid sulci to patients with OA. We conclude that high observer variation in interpreting a film of the ...
http://ard.bmj.com/content/46/2/139
Quantitative assessment of inter-observer variability in target volume delineation on stereotactic radiotherapy treatment for...
Inter-observer variation is a well-known problem in medical practice. Gardenia et al. first reported on this issue in the 1950 s [3], and it became a subject for discussion in the radiotherapeutic community in the 1970 s. In the 1990 s, many articles were published about inter-observer variation for a variety of cancers: prostate cancer [4], brain tumors [5], breast cancer [6] head and neck cancer [12, 13], and lung cancer [14, 15]. However, we were unable to find any papers that examined inter-observer variation for pituitary adenoma and meningioma; to the best of our knowledge, this is the first such report.. DVHs analysis by superimposing different contours from multiple clinicians onto the default treatment plan showed higher maximal dose for optic tract (Figure 3). It was increased to 23.64 Gy (268% higher dose than default plan) for the pituitary adenoma and 19.39 Gy (131%) for the meningioma. These results imply that contour deviations across plans could easily cause unexpectedly higher ...
https://ro-journal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-717X-6-10
Observer variation in the histological grading of rectal carcinoma. | Journal of Clinical PathologyObserver variation in the histological grading of rectal carcinoma. | Journal of Clinical Pathology
The variation between two observers in grading 100 biopsies and the corresponding main specimens of rectal carcinomas has been examined. Using kappa statistics, which take account of chance agreement, we found a highly significant level of agreement. As expected, higher levels were obtained for intraobserver agreement. However, disagreements between observers were in many instances haphazard and there were differences in bias between them. Fifty paired biopsies and main tumours were graded by five observers and the results analysed for bias and by kappa statistics for overall and conditional agreement. These methods revealed significant overall agreement but the levels for some observer pairs did not differ significantly from chance. Examination for observer bias indicated differing standards of grading, and haphazard disagreements reached high levels for some observer pairs. The intraobserver agreement between the grade of the biopsy and the corresponding main tumour varied from 56-69% but ...
http://jcp.bmj.com/content/36/4/385
A dose based approach for evaluation of inter-observer variations in target delineationA dose based approach for evaluation of inter-observer variations in target delineation
article{4b17a0d1-2cce-4173-9bdc-8643ca9215c4, abstract = {,p,Background and purpose: Substantial inter-observer variations in target delineation have been presented previously. Target delineation for paediatric cases is difficult due to the small number of children, the variation in paediatric targets, the number of study protocols, and the individual patients specific needs and demands. Uncertainties in target delineation might lead to under-dosage or over-dosage. The aim of this work is to apply the concept of a consensus volume and good quality treatment plans to visualise and quantify inter-observer target delineation variations in dosimetric terms in addition to conventional geometrically based volume concordance indices.,/p,,p,Material and methods: Two paediatric cases were used to demonstrate the potential of adding dose metrics when evaluating target delineation diversity; Hodgkins disease (case 1) and rhabdomyosarcoma of the parotid gland (case 2). The variability in target ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/4b17a0d1-2cce-4173-9bdc-8643ca9215c4
Inter-observer variation in delineation of the heart and left anterior descending coronary artery in radiotherapy for breast...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine the extent of inter-observer variation in delineation of the heart and left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA) and its impact on estimated doses. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Nine observers from five centres delineated the heart and LADCA on fifteen patients receiving left breast radiotherapy. The delineations were carried out twice, first without guidelines and then with a set of common guidelines. RESULTS: For the heart, most spatial variation in delineation was near the base of the heart whereas for the LADCA most variation was in its length at the apex of the heart. Common guidelines reduced the spatial variation for the heart and the length of the LAD, but increased the variation in the anterior-posterior/right-left plane. The coefficients of variation (CV) in the estimated doses to the heart were: mean dose 7.5% without and 3.6% with guidelines, maximum dose 8.7% without and 4.0% with guidelines. The CVs in the estimated doses to the LADCA were: mean dose 27
https://www.cardioscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/415380
Observer variation in MRI evaluation of patients with suspected lumbar by Imaad-ur Rehman, Rana Shoaib Hamid et al.Observer variation in MRI evaluation of patients with suspected lumbar by Imaad-ur Rehman, Rana Shoaib Hamid et al.
Objective: To analyse inter-observer variation between a neuroradiologist and neurosurgeon in the MRI diagnosis of lumbar nerve root compression. Although lumbar MFI is primarily analyzed and reported by a radiologist, neurosurgeons often analyse it independently as they have sufficient clinical background as well as radiological expertise to diagnose most spinal pathologies on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).Methods: Retrospective analysis was carried out for images of 54 patients who underwent MRI between March and July 2010 of lumbar spine with suspected lumbar disc herniation and nerve root compression, at Aga Khan Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. One fellowship trained neuroradiologist and one neurosurgeon evaluated the images on PACS system separately. Both observers were unaware of the patients clinical history and each others findings. Lumbar discs at L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels were evaluated by both observers for disc disease and nerve compression. Findings were recorded on a proforma and
https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_radiol/383/
Observer variation in MRI evaluation of patients with suspected lumbar by Imaad Ur Rehman, Rana Shoaib Hamid et al.Observer variation in MRI evaluation of patients with suspected lumbar by Imaad Ur Rehman, Rana Shoaib Hamid et al.
Objective: To analyse inter-observer variation between a neuroradiologist and neurosurgeon in the MRI diagnosis of lumbar nerve root compression. Although lumbar MFI is primarily analyzed and reported by a radiologist, neurosurgeons often analyse it independently as they have sufficient clinical background as well as radiological expertise to diagnose most spinal pathologies on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).Methods: Retrospective analysis was carried out for images of 54 patients who underwent MRI between March and July 2010 of lumbar spine with suspected lumbar disc herniation and nerve root compression, at Aga Khan Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. One fellowship trained neuroradiologist and one neurosurgeon evaluated the images on PACS system separately. Both observers were unaware of the patient\s clinical history and each other\s findings. Lumbar discs at L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels were evaluated by both observers for disc disease and nerve compression. Findings were recorded on a proforma and
https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_surg_neurosurg/39/
diabetic foot ulcer | The Foot and Ankle Online Journaldiabetic foot ulcer | The Foot and Ankle Online Journal
The most important issue in the current study is the presentation of a novel eHealth tool, the D-Foot aimed to be used by CPOs. The results of the current study show a high level of agreement for the risk classification (inter-agreement 0.83, pooled kappa 0.31, varying from 0.16 to 1.00 at single departments), (Table 2). The corresponding intra-rater agreement was 0.88 (pooled kappa 0.63, varying from 0.42 to 1.00) at single departments. A high degree of inter- and intra-rater reliability was found for the presence of Charcot foot deformity and amputation (agreement of , 0.90, kappa , 0.73) [30]. These risk factors are easy to detect by visual inspection. The agreement between the observers was adequate when it came to the Ipswich Touch Test and hallux valgus/varus, all of which showed an agreement between 0.79-0.86 and a kappa of , 0.56. As expected, the intra-rater agreement was generally higher than the inter-rater agreement. Measurements of foot length and width (Table 3) using a foot ...
http://faoj.org/tag/diabetic-foot-ulcer/
Frontiers | Chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging Decreases Inter-observer Variability of Gross Target Volume for Lung Tumors |...Frontiers | Chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging Decreases Inter-observer Variability of Gross Target Volume for Lung Tumors |...
Purpose: PET/CT is a standard medical imaging used in the delineation of gross tumor volume (GTV) in case of radiation therapy for lung tumors. However, PET/CT could present some limitations such as resolution and standardized uptake value threshold. Moreover, chest MRI has shown good potential in diagnosis for thoracic oncology. Therefore, we investigated the influence of chest MRI on inter-observer variability of GTV delineation.Methods and Materials: Five observers contoured the GTV on CT for 14 poorly defined lung tumors during three contouring phases based on true daily clinical routine and acquisition: CT phase, with only CT images; PET phase, with PET/CT; and MRI phase, with both PET/CT and MRI. Observers waited at least 1 week between each phases to decrease memory bias. Contours were compared using descriptive statistics of volume, coefficient of variation (COV), and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC).Results: MRI phase volumes (median 4.8 cm3) were significantly smaller than PET phase volumes
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00690/full
Standardized assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer: an evaluation of inter-observer agreement between...
In breast cancer, there is a growing body of evidence that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may have clinical utility and may be able to direct clinical decisions for subgroups of patients. Clinical utility is, however, not sufficient for warranting the implementation of a new biomarker in the routine practice, and evaluation of the analytical validity is needed, including testing the reproducibility of decentralized assessment of TILs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter-observer agreement of TILs assessment using a standardized method, as proposed by the International TILs Working Group 2014, applied to a cohort of breast cancers reflecting an average breast cancer population ...
https://pesquisa.bvs.br/brasil/resource/pt/mdl-29168428
Adaptation and Evaluation of the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores to Assess Mediterranean Food Environments ...Adaptation and Evaluation of the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores to Assess Mediterranean Food Environments ...
The Nutrition Environment Measures Surveys are valid and reliable measures of community and consumer food environments. This article describes the adaptation and evaluation of the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S) for Mediterranean urban contexts (NEMS-S-MED). Trained raters used the adapted NEMS-S-MED tool to observe and rate food outlets in 21 census tracts and 43 food stores across the city of Madrid, Spain. We evaluated inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities, construct validity, and the tools ability to discriminate between store types and between stores by area-level Socio-Economic Status (SES). Overall, the mean NEMS-S-MED score was 20.7 (SD = 9.8), which ranged from 7 to 43. Most food items displayed substantial or almost perfect inter-rater and intra-rater agreements; the percentage agreement across availability items was almost perfect and kappa statistics were also very high (median κ = 1.00 for inter-rater; κ = 0.92 for intra-rater). Furthermore, the ...
https://repisalud.isciii.es/handle/20.500.12105/11746
VLS intraobserver and interobserver reliability - Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study GroupVLS intraobserver and interobserver reliability - Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study Group
The observer reliability of VLS is fair to good with intraobserver reliability being better than interobserver reliability. This supports the use of VLS for detection of gastrointestinal ischemia. ...
https://dmisg.nl/publicaties/overige/vls-intraobserver-and-interobserver-reliability/
How reliable is Ki-67 immunohistochemistry in grade 2 breast carcinomas? A QA study of the Swiss Working Group of breast- and...How reliable is Ki-67 immunohistochemistry in grade 2 breast carcinomas? A QA study of the Swiss Working Group of breast- and...
The Kappa values for the first series of ten carcinomas of various degrees of differentiation showed good to very good agreement for MIB-1-LI (Kappa 0.56-0.72). However, we found very high inter-observer variabilities (Kappa 0.04-0.14) in the read-outs of the G2 carcinomas. It was not possible to explain the inconsistencies exclusively by any of the following factors: (i) pathologists divergent definitions of what counts as a positive nucleus (ii) the mode of assessment (counting vs. eyeballing), (iii) immunostaining technique, and (iv) the selection of the tumor area in which to count. Despite intensive confrontation of all participating pathologists with the problem, inter-observer agreement did not improve when the same slides were re-examined 4 months later (Kappa 0.01-0.04) and intra-observer agreement was likewise poor (Kappa 0.00-0.35 ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/62598/
Intraobserver and interobserver variations in liver biopsy interpretation in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The French...Intraobserver and interobserver variations in liver biopsy interpretation in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The French...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8020885?dopt=Abstract
Observer bias in randomized clinical trials with measurement scale outcomes: a systematic review of trials with both blinded...Observer bias in randomized clinical trials with measurement scale outcomes: a systematic review of trials with both blinded...
Nonblinded assessors of subjective measurement scale outcomes in randomized clinical trials tended to generate substantially biased effect sizes. Standardized mean differences were exaggerated by a pooled standard deviation of 0.23 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.06) or, in relative terms, by 68% (95% CI 14% to 230%).. Observer bias can be perceived as the result of the interaction between observers predispositions and the subjectivity of the outcome. Predispositions are likely to differ substantially from observer to observer and from trial to trial. In some trials, conscientious nonblinded assessors may overcompensate for an expected bias in favour of the experimental intervention and paradoxically induce a bias favouring the control, whereas other trials will have fairly neutral assessors with no important bias. Thus, the degree of observer bias in trials with clearly predisposed outcome assessors is likely to be considerably higher than the mean we see here, which is based on all of the included trials. ...
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/185/4/E201?ijkey=56cfe0da93bc292782c6c5443f16337b55ce8955&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Interobserver Variation in the Histopathological Scoring of Helicobacter Pylori Related Gastritis - PubMedInterobserver Variation in the Histopathological Scoring of Helicobacter Pylori Related Gastritis - PubMed
Reproducibility of grading H pylori related gastritis is high using the updated Sydney system. Despite the novel criteria for scoring atrophy, there was imperfect agreement on this feature between two independent histopathologists.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10645232/
Reproducibility and variability of very low dose hepatic perfusion CT in metastatic liver diseaseReproducibility and variability of very low dose hepatic perfusion CT in metastatic liver disease
PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the intra- and interobserver agreement on the software analysis of very low dose hepatic perfusion CT (pCT).. METHODS: A total of 53 pCT examinations were obtained from 21 patients (16 men, 5 women; mean age, 60.4 years) with proven liver metastasis from various primary cancers. The pCT examinations were analyzed by two readers independently and perfusion parameters were noted for whole liver, whole metastasis, metastasis wall, and normal-looking liver (liver tissue without metastasis) in regions of interest (ROIs). Readers repeated the analysis after an interval of one month. Intra- and interobserver agreements were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman statistics.. RESULTS: The mean ICCs of all ROIs between readers were 0.91, 0.93, 0.86, 0.45, 0.53, and 0.66 for blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), permeability, arterial liver perfusion (ALP), portal venous perfusion (PVP) and hepatic perfusion index (HPI), respectively. The mean ...
https://dirjournal.org/en/reproducibility-and-variability-of-very-low-dose-hepatic-perfusion-ct-in-metastatic-liver-disease-131606
Measuring interobserver variation in a pathology EQA scheme using weighted κ for multiple readers | Journal of Clinical...Measuring interobserver variation in a pathology EQA scheme using weighted κ for multiple readers | Journal of Clinical...
Results Analysis of diagnosis for all circulations and all readers gave a composite κ value of 0.86 and pairwise-weighted κ (κp-w) value of 0.91, both regarded as almost perfect agreement. This was due to the high proportion of responses that showed partial agreement. Analysis of Gleason Sum Score gave κ=0.38 and κp-w=0.58 over all circulations and all readers, indicating that discrepancies occur at the boundary between adjacent grades and may not be as clinically significant as suggested by composite κ. ...
http://jcp.bmj.com/content/64/12/1128
RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Agreement and reproducibility of gray-scale intravascular ultrasound and optical...RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Agreement and reproducibility of gray-scale intravascular ultrasound and optical...
Objective: To report the agreement between gray-scale intravascular ultrasound (GS-IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in assessing the bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) structures and their respective reproducibility. Background: BVS are composed of an erodible polymer. Ultrasound and light signals backscattered from polymeric material differs from metallic stents using GS-IVUS and OCT. Methods: Forty-five patients included in the ABSORB trial were treated with a 3.0 × 18 mm BVS and imaged with GS-IVUS 20 MHz and OCT post-implantation. Qualitative (ISA, side-branch struts, protrusion, and dissections) and quantitative (number of struts, lumen, and scaffold area) measurements were assessed by two investigators. The agreement and the inter- and intraobserver reproducibility were investigated using the kappa (κ) and the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: GS-IVUS and OCT agreement was predominantly poor at a lesion, frame, and strut level analysis (κ and ICC ,0.4) ...
https://repub.eur.nl/pub/69415
The Influence of Using Digital Diagnostic Information on Orthodontic Treatment Planning: A Pilot Study. AC Dunbar, D Bearn, G...The Influence of Using Digital Diagnostic Information on Orthodontic Treatment Planning: A Pilot Study. AC Dunbar, D Bearn, G...
Abstract. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess whether orthodontic treatment planning is reproducible when carried out using digital records compared with clinical examinations or using standard records. The study also assessed patients opinion of face-to-face consultations and potential use of teleorthodontics. The study was designed as a prospective observational cross-sectional pilot study and carried out in a UK dental teaching hospital involving 27 subjects. Four consultant Orthodontists carried out treatment planning, firstly following a clinical examination, then using standard records, and then using digital records. Each subject completed a questionnaire. Cohens kappa coefficient and Fleiss kappa coefficient were used to assess intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer reproducibility of treatment planning decisions, respectively. A change in the diagnostic information format affected treatment planning reproducibility for half of the observers. Inter-observer ...
https://3dmd.com/2014/12/21/the-influence-of-using-digital-diagnostic-information-on-orthodontic-treatment-planning-a-pilot-study-ac-dunbar-d-bearn-g-mcintyre/
A novel technique for the semi-automated measurement of embryo volume: an intraobserver reliability study.
The aim was to assess intraobserver reliability of a new semi-automated technique of embryo volumetry. Power calculations suggested 46 subjects with viable, singleton pregnancies were required for reliability analysis. Crown rump length (CRL) of each
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Novel-Technique-Semi-Automated-Measurement/20381945.html
Clinical measurement of the thoracic kyphosis. A study of the intra-rater reliability in subjects with and without shoulder pain
PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.
http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC2845095/?lang=en-ca
Most recent papers with the keyword malignant lymphoma | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword malignant lymphoma | Read by QxMD
Background Interim PET/CT is widely performed in lymphoma patients in clinical practice and clinical trials. Visual assessment using a 5-point scale is proposed for PET/CT interpretation, but intra- and inter-observer variation is not fully investigated. Purpose To investigate intra- and inter-observer variations in the reporting of interim positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in lymphoma patients, and the influence of clinical information on the interpretation. Material and Methods Three expert readers from different institutions interpreted interim PET/CT images of 42 consecutive patients with malignant lymphoma twice, with and without clinical information ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/29007
Diagnosing dementia: interrater reliability assessment and accuracy of the NINCDS/ADRDA criteria versus CERAD histopathological...Diagnosing dementia: interrater reliability assessment and accuracy of the NINCDS/ADRDA criteria versus CERAD histopathological...
We investigated the interrater reliability and accuracy of two independent medical doctors in using NINCDS/ADRDA criteria to classify 82 elderly subjects enrolled in OPTIMA, a longitudinal study investigating dementia. Kappa statistics revealed moderate agreement (0.5) in overall classification of dementia type, and almost perfect agreement (0.9) on the absence or presence of dementia. Combining NINCDS/ADRDA possible and probable Alzheimers disease (AD) categories produced substantial agreement (0.7). Comparison with CERAD histopathological criteria for AD showed that combining possible and probable AD resulted in a high sensitivity and accuracy, but a low specificity. To increase specificity, the NINCDS/ADRDA probable AD category should be used alone. An important finding was that the accuracy of diagnoses of AD made from the case notes alone was not different from the diagnoses obtained following active involvement with participants.
https://www.pharm.ox.ac.uk/publications/195469
Observer variability for Lung-RADS categorisation of lung cancer screening CTs - Research - The Capital Region of Denmark
OBJECTIVES: Lung-RADS represents a categorical system published by the American College of Radiology to standardise management in lung cancer screening. The purpose of the study was to quantify how well readers agree in assigning Lung-RADS categories to screening CTs; secondary goals were to assess causes of disagreement and evaluate its impact on patient management.. METHODS: For the observer study, 80 baseline and 80 follow-up scans were randomly selected from the NLST trial covering all Lung-RADS categories in an equal distribution. Agreement of seven observers was analysed using Cohens kappa statistics. Discrepancies were correlated with patient management, test performance and diagnosis of malignancy within the scan year.. RESULTS: Pairwise interobserver agreement was substantial (mean kappa 0.67, 95% CI 0.58-0.77). Lung-RADS category disagreement was seen in approximately one-third (29%, 971) of 3360 reading pairs, resulting in different patient management in 8% (278/3360). Out of the 91 ...
https://research.regionh.dk/en/publications/observer-variability-for-lungrads-categorisation-of-lung-cancer-screening-cts
Detection of the Mandibular Canal and the Mental Foramen in Panoramic Radiographs: Intraexaminer Agreement | Journal of Oral...Detection of the Mandibular Canal and the Mental Foramen in Panoramic Radiographs: Intraexaminer Agreement | Journal of Oral...
The results of this study showed a good to fair intraexaminer agreement of the 2 types of landmarks analyzed. The 2 examiners proved to be in good, moderate, and fair agreement when they classified the roof of the mandibular canal and the mental foramen. Because the intraexaminer agreement was classified as fair and moderate in some instances, it was not possible to have an interexaminer agreement. To achieve interexaminer agreement, it is necessary to have at least a good intraexaminer agreement, which was not achieved in this study. The interpretations of both examiners were similar in relation to the detection of MCR and MF with good agreement of the left side. This may be explained by the preradiographic interpretation calibration that was advised by an experienced radiologist and supported by the confidence intervals results. On the other hand, the agreement for both examiners and for both landmarks of the right sides was not similar. The results showed similar tendencies; ...
https://meridian.allenpress.com/joi/article/38/1/27/2403/Detection-of-the-Mandibular-Canal-and-the-Mental
Plus itPlus it
Several studies2,7,15,16 have analyzed the intra-rater reliability of the 6MWT; therefore, this test has been considered reliable for assessing functional capacity in patients with COPD after a practice test. However, there is a lack of studies verifying the inter-rater reliability for this population.. The intra-rater 6MWT reliability in our study presented ICC values for walked distance ,0.75, indicating excellent reliability. This analysis has been already studied in subjects with chronic respiratory disease by many authors, who found ICC values ranging from 0.82 to 0.99,7,12,14,15,33-35 confirming the findings of our study. The studies mentioned above were conducted with COPD,7,15,34 with obstructive disease and restrictive lung diseases,12 and with lung disease in the final stage.35 The last 2 studies not performed the second 6MWT, with an interval of 30 min after the first 6MWT, according to the standards of the ATS/ERS.7,14 Furthermore, we found low coefficient of variation values (0.06), ...
http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/61/10/1323
Psychometric properties of the German version of Observer OPTION 5 | BMC Health Services Research | Full TextPsychometric properties of the German version of Observer OPTION 5 | BMC Health Services Research | Full Text
In order to conduct studies on shared decision-making (SDM) and to implement SDM in routine practice, psychometrically tested measures are needed. The development of the short 5-item version of the OPTION scale (Observer OPTION5) allows to assess SDM from an observer perspective. Observer OPTION5 is so far only available in English and Dutch. The aim of this study was to translate the Observer OPTION5 rating scale into German and to test its psychometric properties. The German Observer OPTION5 was tested in a secondary data analysis of audio-recordings of patient-physician-consultations (N = 79) in German primary care practices. Demographic data were analysed using descriptive statistics. To assess inter- and intra-rater reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated. For assessing concurrent validity, a correlation (Spearmans Rho) of the sum score of Observer OPTION5 and Observer OPTION12 was calculated. The consultations dealt with decisions regarding type 2 diabetes (N = 31)
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-018-2891-6/tables/5
Linked color imaging improves visibility of reflux esophagitis | BMC Gastroenterology | Full TextLinked color imaging improves visibility of reflux esophagitis | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text
With more prevalent gastroesophageal reflux disease comes increased cases of Barretts esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Image-enhanced endoscopy using linked-color imaging (LCI) differentiates between mucosal colors. We compared LCI, white light imaging (WLI), and blue LASER imaging (BLI) in diagnosing reflux esophagitis (RE). Consecutive RE patients (modified Los Angeles [LA] classification system) who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy using WLI, LCI, and BLI between April 2017 and March 2019 were selected retrospectively. Ten endoscopists compared WLI with LCI or BLI using 142 images from 142 patients. Visibility changes were scored by endoscopists as follows: 5, improved; 4, somewhat improved; 3, equivalent; 2, somewhat decreased; and 1, decreased. For total scores, 40 points was considered improved visibility, 21-39 points was comparable to white light, and | 20 points equaled decreased visibility. Inter- and intra-rater reliabilities (Intra-class Correlation Coefficient [ICC]) were also
https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12876-020-01511-9
Interrater Reliability of the New Sport-Specific Evidence-Based Classification System for Para Vaa in: Adapted Physical...Interrater Reliability of the New Sport-Specific Evidence-Based Classification System for Para Vaa in: Adapted Physical...
The purpose of this study was to examine the interrater reliability of a new evidence-based classification system for Para Vaa. Twelve Para Vaa athletes were classified by three classifier teams each consisting of a medical and a technical classifier. Interrater reliability was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation for the overall class allocation and total scores of trunk, leg, and on-water test batteries and by calculating Fleisss kappa and percentage of total agreement in the individual tests of each test battery. All classifier teams agreed with the overall class allocation of all athletes, and all three test batteries exhibited excellent interrater reliability. At a test level, agreement between classifiers was almost perfect in 14 tests, substantial in four tests, moderate in four tests, and fair in one test. The results suggest that a Para Vaa athlete can expect to be allocated to the same class regardless of which classifier team conducts the classification. ...
https://journals.humankinetics.com/abstract/journals/apaq/37/3/article-p241.xml?rskey=LIWmyy&result=51
RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Disappointing interobserver agreement among radiologists for a classifying diagnosis of...RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Disappointing interobserver agreement among radiologists for a classifying diagnosis of...
OBJECTIVES: To assess the degree of interobserver agreement of MRI in the diagnostic assessment of pancreatic cysts (PCs). METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging sets of images of 62 patients with PCs (32 with histological confirmation and 30 with clinical diagnosis) were reviewed by 4 experienced radiologists. Features scored included septations, nodules, solid components, pancreatic duct communication, and wall thickening (,2 mm). Radiologists were asked whether they considered the PC mucinous and if the PC was suspicious for malignancy. Furthermore, they had to choose a classifying diagnosis. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to measure agreement within the group. RESULTS: Interobserver agreement for septations and nodules was fair (ICC, 0.36 and 0.23, respectively). Agreement for the presence of solid components was fair (ICC, 0.23), agreement for communication with the pancreatic duct was moderate (ICC, 0.53), and agreement for wall thickening was moderate (ICC, 0.44). There ...
https://repub.eur.nl/pub/60634
Venous duplex scanning of the leg: range, variability and reproducibility | Clinical ScienceVenous duplex scanning of the leg: range, variability and reproducibility | Clinical Science
Despite the many studies on venous haemodynamics using duplex, only a few evaluated the normal values, variability and reproducibility. Therefore, the range and variability of venous diameter, compressibility, flow and reflux were measured. To obtain normal values, 42 healthy individuals (42 limbs, 714 vein segments) with no history of venous disease were scanned by duplex. To determine the reproducibility the intra-observer variability was measured in 11 healthy individuals (187 vein segments) and the inter-observer variability in 15 healthy individuals (255 vein segments) and 13 patients (169 vein segments) previously diagnosed with deep venous thrombosis. Of the 714 normal vein segments, 708 (99%) were traceable, including the crural veins. Of the traceable vein segments, 675 (95%) were compressible and in 696 (98%) flow was present. Of the 42 common femoral vein segments, in 25 (60%) the reflux duration exceeded 1.0 s, but in the other proximal vein segments the reflux duration was less than ...
http://www.clinsci.org/content/96/3/271
Man versus machine: comparison of naked-eye estimation and quantified capillary refill | Emergency Medicine JournalMan versus machine: comparison of naked-eye estimation and quantified capillary refill | Emergency Medicine Journal
In this study, we found a poor correlation between naked-eye assessment of the CR time and qCR time measures in both laymen and clinical staff. Further, we observed poor naked-eye intra-observer repeatability and interobserver agreement by clinical staff in their assessment of CR time. The use of a categorical evaluation of time measurement did not improve agreement between naked-eye estimations and machine-derived classifications.. It is self-evident to most clinicians that different observers, not only in regard to the CR test, often disagree in clinical assessments based on naked-eye observation.24 Previous studies on the reliability of the CR test have partially addressed this by showing a lack of interobserver agreement, but neither performance on the task to actually determine return to normal skin colour, nor the intra-observer repeatability for a group of observers on a standardised set of cases has been assessed previously.11 28 29. We have added the use of an objective technique to ...
https://emj.bmj.com/content/early/2019/07/14/emermed-2018-207948?versioned=true
Stigmata of hemorrhage in bleeding peptic ulcers : an interobserver agreement study among international experts. | Base...
Background : Stigmata of hemorrhage predict rebleeding and outcome of patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. There are variabilities in reported incidences of stigmata and their respective rebleeding risks. We sought to study the interobserver agreement among experts. Methods : Between June 1994 and July 1994,100 consecutive patients with...
http://www.bdsp.ehesp.fr/Base/149700/
Reliability of pain measurements using computerized cuff algometry: a DoloCuff reliability and agreement study | The Parker...
JK Olsen et al. have tested the reliability of pain assessment with this new tool. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities were all above the defined cutt off 0.75 for excellent results. The DoloCuff is now in production and has a great potential for systematic follow-up on sensitivity to pain, on both an individual basis and group wise. The article is accepted in Pain Pratice.. For more information on the study of the equipment, please contact [email protected] ...
http://u131tp3.nixweb06.dandomain.dk/news/reliability-pain-measurements-using-computerized-cuff-algometry-dolocuff-reliability-and
Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients | Meta
Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients was investigated in a group of 10 senior neurologists and 24 residents from two centers. One hundred patients were separately interviewed by two physicians in different combinations. The degree of handicap was recorded by each observer on the modified Rankin scale, which has six grades (0-5). The agreement rates were corrected for chance (kappa statistics). Both physicians agreed on the degree of handicap in 65 patients; they differed by one grade in 32 patients and by two grades in 3 patients. Kappa for all pairwise observations was 0.56; the value for weighted kappa (with quadratic disagreement weights) was 0.91. Our results confirm the value of the modified Rankin scale in the assessment of handicap in stroke patients; nevertheless, further improvements are possible. ...
https://www.meta.org/papers/interobserver-agreement-for-the-assessment-of/3363593
The reliability and validity of physiotherapist visual rating of dynam by C. Whatman, Patricia A. Hume et al.The reliability and validity of physiotherapist visual rating of dynam by C. Whatman, Patricia A. Hume et al.
Purpose: To investigate visual rating of pelvis and knee position in young athletes during lower extremity functional tests. Methods: Pelvis and knee alignment, in 23 athletes, was visually rated by 66 physiotherapists. Peak two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) kinematics were also quantified. Ratings were compared to consensus visual ratings of an expert panel. The consensus ratings were also compared to peak kinematics. Reliability was determined using percentage agreement (PA) and the first order agreement coefficient (AC1). Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and differences in kinematics between groups based on the expert visual ratings were calculated to assess rating validity. Results: Mean intra-rater agreement was substantial (PA: 79-88%, AC1: 0.60-0.78). Inter-rater agreement ranged from fair to substantial (PA: 67-80%; AC1: 0.37-0.61). Sensitivity (≥80%) and specificity (≥50%) were acceptable for all tests except the Drop Jump. Experience (DOR 1.6-2.8 times
http://epublications.bond.edu.au/hsm_pubs/839/
Examiner dependence on physical diagnostic tests for the detection of splenomegaly: a prospective study with multiple observersExaminer dependence on physical diagnostic tests for the detection of splenomegaly: a prospective study with multiple observers
Physical diagnostic techniques for the detection of splenomegaly are relatively insensitive but specific. In this study there was high interobserver variability, which did not appear to be associated to the level of experience. Combining tests increases diagnostic accuracy.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8441078/?dopt=Abstract
Reliability among central readers in the evaluation of endoscopic findings from patients with Crohns disease | GutReliability among central readers in the evaluation of endoscopic findings from patients with Crohns disease | Gut
Results Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intra-rater reliability for CDEIS, SES-CD and GELS (95% CIs) were 0.89 (0.86 to 0.93), 0.91 (0.89 to 0.95) and 0.81 (0.77 to 0.89), respectively, with standard error of measurement (SEM) of 2.10, 2.42 and 1.15. The corresponding ICCs for inter-rater reliability were 0.71 (0.63 to 0.76), 0.83 (0.75 to 0.88) and 0.62 (0.52 to 0.70), with SEM of 3.42, 3.07 and 1.63, respectively. Correlation between CDEIS and GELS was 0.75, between SES-CD and GELS was 0.74 and between CDEIS and SES-CD was 0.92. The most common sources of disagreement were interpretation of superficial ulceration, definition of disease site at the ileocolonic anastomosis, assessment of anorectal lesions and grading severity of stenosis. ...
http://gut.bmj.com/content/65/7/1119
Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging (IJRI): Table of ContentsIndian Journal of Radiology and Imaging (IJRI): Table of Contents
Purpose: To determine external, middle, and inner ear abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of temporal bone in patients with microtia and to predict anatomic external and middle ear anomalies as well as the degree of functional hearing impairment based on clinical grades of microtia. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted on Indian population. Fifty-two patients with microtia were evaluated for external, middle, and inner ear anomalies on HRCT of temporal bone. Clinical grading of microtia was done based on criteria proposed by Weerda et al. in 37 patients and degree of hearing loss was assessed using pure tone audiometry or brainstem-evoked response in 32 patients. Independent statistical correlations of clinical grades of micotia with both external and middle ear anomalies detected on HRCT and the degree of hearing loss were finally obtained. Results: The external, middle, and inner ear anomalies were present in 93.1%, 74.5%, and 2.7% patients, ...
http://www.ijri.org/showBackIssue.asp?issn=0971-3026
Head-Eye movement control tests in patients with chronic neck pain; Inter-observer reliability and discriminative validity |...Head-Eye movement control tests in patients with chronic neck pain; Inter-observer reliability and discriminative validity |...
Head-eye movement control deficit is an identified problem in patients with chronic neck pain, particularly in cases of whiplash associated disorders (WAD). To date, there is no evidence concerning the reliability and validity of visually assessed active head-eye movement control tests. Therefore, the objectives of the present cross-sectional study were, a) to develop a test battery; and b) to investigate inter-observer reliability and discriminative validity in patients with chronic neck pain compared to healthy controls. The study was conducted at two physiotherapy clinics in Switzerland. Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Ten active head-eye coordination tests, on 23 patients with chronic neck pain and associated symptoms and 19 healthy controls, were videotaped. The tests included eye movements in the neutral head position and 45° relative neck rotation, gaze stability and sequential head-eye movements. All tests were performed in the sitting and standing positions. Two blinded
https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-15-16/figures/1
Head-Eye movement control tests in patients with chronic neck pain; Inter-observer reliability and discriminative validity |...Head-Eye movement control tests in patients with chronic neck pain; Inter-observer reliability and discriminative validity |...
Head-eye movement control deficit is an identified problem in patients with chronic neck pain, particularly in cases of whiplash associated disorders (WAD). To date, there is no evidence concerning the reliability and validity of visually assessed active head-eye movement control tests. Therefore, the objectives of the present cross-sectional study were, a) to develop a test battery; and b) to investigate inter-observer reliability and discriminative validity in patients with chronic neck pain compared to healthy controls. The study was conducted at two physiotherapy clinics in Switzerland. Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Ten active head-eye coordination tests, on 23 patients with chronic neck pain and associated symptoms and 19 healthy controls, were videotaped. The tests included eye movements in the neutral head position and 45° relative neck rotation, gaze stability and sequential head-eye movements. All tests were performed in the sitting and standing positions. Two blinded
https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-15-16/tables/5
Assessment of the Intra- and Inter-Observer Reliabilities of Ultrasonographically Measured Optic Nerve Sheath Diameters in...Assessment of the Intra- and Inter-Observer Reliabilities of Ultrasonographically Measured Optic Nerve Sheath Diameters in...
Assessment of the Intra- and Inter-Observer Reliabilities of Ultrasonographically Measured Optic Nerve Sheath Diameters in Normal Adults, Li-juan Wang, Li-min Chen, Ying Chen, Yang
http://www.jneuropsychiatry.org/peer-review/assessment-of-the-intra-and-interobserver-reliabilities-of-ultrasonographically-measured-optic-nerve-sheath-diameters-in-normal-ad-12284.html
Observer variation in chest radiography of acute lower respiratory infections in children: a systematic review | BMC Medical...Observer variation in chest radiography of acute lower respiratory infections in children: a systematic review | BMC Medical...
Knowledge of the accuracy of chest radiograph findings in acute lower respiratory infection in children is important when making clinical decisions. I conducted a systematic review of agreement between and within observers in the detection of radiographic features of acute lower respiratory infections in children, and described the quality of the design and reporting of studies, whether included or excluded from the review. Included studies were those of observer variation in the interpretation of radiographic features of lower respiratory infection in children (neonatal nurseries excluded) in which radiographs were read independently and a clinical population was studied. I searched MEDLINE, HealthSTAR and HSRPROJ databases (1966 to 1999), handsearched the reference lists of identified papers and contacted authors of identified studies. I performed the data extraction alone. Ten studies of observer interpretation of radiographic features of lower respiratory infection in children were identified. Seven
https://bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2342-1-1
HKU Scholars Hub: Inter-observer variations on interpretation of capsule endoscopiesHKU Scholars Hub: Inter-observer variations on interpretation of capsule endoscopies
Objective: Capsule endoscopy is a novel investigation for diagnosing small bowel diseases. However, its interpretation is highly subjective and the potential variability may compromise its accuracy and reliability. Here we studied the potential inter-observer variations on the interpretation of capsule endoscopy. Method: Two residents and one specialist in gastroenterology independently reviewed 58 capsule endoscopy studies in the same sequential order. The gastric transit time, small bowel transit time, and the most significant small bowel lesion were independently recorded. The consensus transit time was determined by the joint review of the three gastroenterologists. The gold standard for small bowel diagnoses was based on final surgical, endoscopic findings or consensus diagnosis. Results: Clinically significant and relevant small bowel lesions were found in 32 (55%) cases by consensus review. The overall mean accuracy in determining gastric emptying time, small bowel transit time and ...
http://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/162943
Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility in the evaluation of ultrasonic pachymetry measurements of central corneal...Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility in the evaluation of ultrasonic pachymetry measurements of central corneal...
Purpose: To assess reproducibility of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement by means of ultrasonic pachymetry.. Methods: Fifty one volunteers underwent three sessions of CCT measurements, each consisting of three CCT measurements, performed by each of three different observers. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility was calculated by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The expected range of variability between two independent evaluations was calculated using scatter plots of each test-retest difference against their mean. The standard deviation of the mean differences in the test-retest scores was used to describe the differences in the score spread.. Results: The ICC ranges of the intra- and interobserver evaluations were 0.95-0.97 and 0.89-0.95 respectively; the expected variability was ⩽±1% and ⩽± 2% respectively (95% confidence interval).. Conclusions: The measurement of CCT by means of ultrasonic pachymetry is highly reproducible.. ...
https://bjo.bmj.com/content/88/2/174.abstract
Repeatability and interobserver reproducibility of Artemis-2 high-freq | OPTHRepeatability and interobserver reproducibility of Artemis-2 high-freq | OPTH
Repeatability and interobserver reproducibility of Artemis-2 high-frequency ultrasound in determination of human corneal thickness Kelechi C Ogbuehi, Uchechukwu L OsuagwuOutpatient Clinic, Department of Optometry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaBackground: The purpose of this study was to assess the repeatability and limits of agreement of corneal thickness values measured by a high-frequency ultrasound (Artemis-2), hand-held ultrasound pachymeter (DGH-500) and a specular microscope (SP-3000P).Methods: Central corneal thickness (CCT) was analyzed in this prospective randomized study that included 32 patients (18 men and 14 women) aged 21–24 years. Measurements were obtained in two sessions, one week apart, by two examiners with three devices in a randomized order. Nine measurements were taken (three with each device) on one randomly selected eye of each patient in each measurement session. The coefficient of repeatability and interobserver reproducibility for the values of
https://www.dovepress.com/repeatability-and-interobserver-reproducibility-of-artemis-2-high-freq-a9936
Inter-observer variability of clinical target volume delineation in definitive radiotherapy of neck lymph node metastases from...
Background: This study, promoted by Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) Head and Neck Group, aimed to assess the current national practice of target volume delineation on a case of neck lymph node metastases from unknown primary evaluating inter-observer variability, in a setting of primary radiotherapy. Materials and methods: A case of metastatic neck lymph node from occult primary was proposed to 17 radiation oncologists. A national reference RT center was identified and considered as benchmark. Participants were requested to delineate target volumes. A structured questionnaire was administered. A comparison between following parameters of the CTVs was performed: centroids distances, Dice similarity index (DSI), Jaccard index and mean distance to agreement (MDA). Volume expressed in cubic centimeters and CTVs cranio-caudal extension were evaluated. Results: Sixteen of 17 radiation oncologists recommended three CTVs dose levels. (CTV HD, CTV ID and CTV LD); CTV ID ...
https://ricerca.unich.it/handle/11564/719814
The Method of Goalkeepers Evaluation in Futsal - Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity - Tom 6, Numer 2 (2014) -...The Method of Goalkeepers Evaluation in Futsal - Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity - Tom 6, Numer 2 (2014) -...
Background: The aim of this study was to develop a research tool used to assess the efficiency a goalkeeper's actions in a game of futsal. Material/Methods: Author's own proposal of an observation sheet was created and subject to a validation procedure. To assess intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability, the ICC test was used. Results: There was a strong compatibility of ratings of the intra-rater reliability - 1.00 (95% Cl 1.00-1.00) and the inter-rater reliability − 0.99 (95% CI 0.99-1.00), which proves the reliability of the proposed research tool. Conclusions: The developed sheet allows the registration and evaluation of individual performance and cooperation in terms of goalkeeper's game objectives pursued both in offence and defence ...
http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_2478_bjha-2014-0010
Evaluation of interobserver agreement for assessing lymph node staging in pancreatic cancer using current Endoscopic Ultrasound...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Evaluation of interobserver agreement for assessing lymph node staging in pancreatic cancer using current Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) criteria. AU - Gress, F.. AU - Schmitt, C.. AU - Catalane, M.. AU - Affronti, John Paul. AU - Binmoeller, K.. AU - Stevens, P.. AU - Savides, T.. AU - Bhutani, M.. AU - Ciaccia, D.. AU - Nicki, N.. AU - Faigel, D.. AU - Birk, J.. AU - Roubein, L.. AU - Lightdale, C.. PY - 1998/12/1. Y1 - 1998/12/1. N2 - Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) has been reported to be an accurate modality for T staging of pancreatic cancer (CA). However, lymph node staging has been less accurate. Recent data suggests that current EUS criteria used to determine benign or malignant status of a lymph node might be inadequate. Aim of Study: To determine the effects of interobserver variation on the overall accuracy of lymph node staging in pancreatic CA. Methods: Twelve patients with previously diagnosed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma underwent staging with EUS. Surgical ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/evaluation-of-interobserver-agreement-for-assessing-lymph-node-st
INTRA- AND INTEROBSERVER VARIABILITY OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS IN HEALTHY BEAGLES<...INTRA- AND INTEROBSERVER VARIABILITY OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS IN HEALTHY BEAGLES<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - INTRA- AND INTEROBSERVER VARIABILITY OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS IN HEALTHY BEAGLES. AU - Barberet, Virginie. AU - Pey, Pascaline. AU - Duchateau, Luc. AU - Combes, Anais. AU - Daminet, Sylvie. AU - Saunders, Jimmy H.. PY - 2010. Y1 - 2010. N2 - The aim of the present study was to establish which adrenal gland measurement was characterized by the least variations. To do this, we quantified the variability of seven different size measurements of the canine adrenal gland (maximal length, maximal height at the cranial and caudal poles on longitudinal and transverse images, and maximal width of the cranial and caudal poles) within observer, between observer, and between dogs based on three different measurements made by each of the three observers in six healthy Beagle dogs. The height of the caudal pole of both adrenal glands measured on longitudinal images had the lowest intra-and interobserver variability, while measurements of the length had the highest ...
https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/intra-and-interobserver-variability-of-ultrasonographic-measureme
Interexaminer Reliability of the Mckenzie Algorithm for the Evaluation by Eric Rikio SakamotoInterexaminer Reliability of the Mckenzie Algorithm for the Evaluation by Eric Rikio Sakamoto
The purpose of this study was to investigate the interexaminer reliability of the McKenzie algorithm. Thirty-one subjects (25 females and 6 males), ages 20 to 77, with reported neck pain participated in this study. Each subject was examined twice by two McKenzie trained physical therapists. The subjects were evaluated separately utilizing standard McKenzie Cervical Assessment formats and procedures. Upon completion of the assessment, each therapist used an adapted McKenzie cervical algorithm to classify each patient into one of the possible syndromes (Postural, Dysfunction, or Derangements 1-7). Only five diagnostic categories contained enough data to accurately examine reliability and, therefore, coefficient alpha was selected to analyze internal consistency between scores. The results of this study demonstrated fair to excellent interexaminer reliability (.736 to 1.00) for dysfunction and derangements 1, 3, and 7. The poor reliability found with derangement 4 may be attributed to difficulty in
https://commons.und.edu/pt-grad/393/
Pre- and post-training session evaluation for interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy of probe-based confocal laser...Pre- and post-training session evaluation for interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy of probe-based confocal laser...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Pre- and post-training session evaluation for interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy for biliary strictures. AU - Talreja, Jayant P.. AU - Turner, Brian G.. AU - Gress, Frank G.. AU - Ho, Sammy. AU - Sarkaria, Savreet. AU - Paddu, Naveen. AU - Natov, Nikola. AU - Bharmal, Sheila. AU - Gaidhane, Monica. AU - Sethi, Amrita. AU - Kahaleh, Michel. PY - 2014/7. Y1 - 2014/7. N2 - Background and Aim Current diagnostic modalities for indeterminate biliary strictures offer low accuracy. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) permits microscopic assessment of mucosal structures by obtaining real-time high-resolution images of the mucosal layers of the gastrointestinal tract. Previously, an interobserver study demonstrated poor to fair agreement even among experienced confocal endomicroscopy operators. Our objective was to assess interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy upon completion of a pCLE training session. Methods ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/pre-and-post-training-session-evaluation-for-interobserver-agreem-2
Interrater Reliability of the 6-Minute Walk Test in Women With Hip Fracture - Forskning - Region Hovedstaden
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is widely used as a clinical outcome measure. However, the reliability of the 6MWT is unknown in individuals who have recently experienced a hip fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative and absolute interrater reliability of the 6MWT in individuals with hip fracture.. METHODS: Two senior physical therapy students independently examined a convenience sample of 20 participants in a randomized order. Their assessments were separated by 2 days and followed the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society. Hip fracture-related pain was assessed with the Verbal Ranking Scale.. RESULTS: Participants (all women) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 78.1 (5.9) years performed the test at a mean of 31.5 (5.8) days postsurgery. Of the participants, 10 had a cervical fracture and 10 had a trochanteric fracture. Excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC2.1] = 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.81-0.97) ...
https://research.regionh.dk/da/publications/interrater-reliability-of-the-6minute-walk-test-in-women-with-hip-fracture
Eight orthopedic surgeons achieved moderate to excellent reliability measuring the preoperative posterior tilt angle in 50...Eight orthopedic surgeons achieved moderate to excellent reliability measuring the preoperative posterior tilt angle in 50...
Studies of elderly patients with Garden-I and Garden-II femoral neck fractures (FNFs) suggest that a preoperative posterior tilt of the femoral head of at least 20° increases the risk of fixation failure. A recently published treatment algorithm recommended hemiarthroplasty over internal fixation for elderly patients with Garden-I and Garden-II FNFs and a preoperative posterior tilt of at least 20°. However, the reliability of the method used to measure the posterior tilt has not been assessed according to recommended standards for reliability trials. Four orthopedic registrars and four consultants measured the posterior tilt angle in 50 preoperative lateral radiographs at two occasions six weeks apart. We estimated inter- and intrarater reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). We also assessed repeatability by the repeatability coefficient (RC) and agreement by the minimal detectable change (MDC). Based on the suggested cutoff value of 20°, we reported the overall percentage and
https://josr-online.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13018-017-0632-x
The reproducibility of psychiatric evaluations of work disability: two reliability and agreement studies | BMC Psychiatry |...The reproducibility of psychiatric evaluations of work disability: two reliability and agreement studies | BMC Psychiatry |...
Expert psychiatrists conducting work disability evaluations often disagree on work capacity (WC) when assessing the same patient. More structured and standardised evaluations focusing on function could improve agreement. The RELY studies aimed to establish the inter-rater reproducibility (reliability and agreement) of functional evaluations in patients with mental disorders applying for disability benefits and to compare the effect of limited versus intensive expert training on reproducibility. We performed two multi-centre reproducibility studies on standardised functional WC evaluation (RELY 1 and 2). Trained psychiatrists interviewed 30 and 40 patients respectively and determined WC using the Instrument for Functional Assessment in Psychiatry (IFAP). Three psychiatrists per patient estimated WC from videotaped evaluations. We analysed reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC]) and agreement (standard error of measurement [SEM] and proportions of comparisons within prespecified limits
https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-019-2171-y
Browse In Paddle Turn, Sport and Exercise Science/Kinesiology | Human KineticsBrowse In Paddle Turn, Sport and Exercise Science/Kinesiology | Human Kinetics
Purpose: Develop a direct observation (DO) system to serve as a criterion measure for the calibration of models applied to free-living (FL) accelerometer data. Methods: Ten participants (19.4 ± 0.8 years) were video-recorded during four, one-hour FL sessions in different settings: 1) school, 2) home, 3) community, and 4) physical activity. For each setting, 10-minute clips from three randomly selected sessions were extracted and coded by one expert coder and up to 20 trained coders using the Observer XT software (Noldus, Wageningen, the Netherlands). The coder defines each whole-body movement which was further described with three modifiers: 1) locomotion, 2) activity type, and 3) MET value (used to categorize intensity level). Percent agreement was calculated for intra- and inter-rater reliability. For intra-rater reliability, the criterion coder coded all 12 clips twice, separated by at least one week between coding sessions. For inter-rater reliability, coded clips by trained coders were ...
https://journals.humankinetics.com/browse?access=user&page=9&pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t_0=S559&t_1=SportExSciKin
PLOS ONE: Liver fibrosis staging with a new 2D-shear wave elastography using comb-push technique: Applicability,...PLOS ONE: Liver fibrosis staging with a new 2D-shear wave elastography using comb-push technique: Applicability,...
Objective To evaluate the applicability, reproducibility, and diagnostic performance of a new 2D-shear wave elastography (SWE) using the comb-push technique (2D CP-SWE) for detection of hepatic fibrosis, using histopathology as the reference standard. Materials and methods This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. The liver stiffness (LS) measurements were obtained from 140 patients, using the new 2D-SWE, which uses comb-push excitation to produce shear waves and a time-aligned sequential tracking method to detect shear wave signals. The applicability rate of 2D CP-SWE was estimated, and factors associated with its applicability were identified. Intraobserver reproducibility was evaluated in the 105 patients with histopathologic diagnosis, and interobserver reproducibility was assessed in 20 patients. Diagnostic performance of the 2D CP-SWE for hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/figure?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0177264.t004
Plus itPlus it
Purpose: To estimate inter-observer agreement with regard to describing adnexal masses using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) terminology and the risk of malignancy calculated using IOTA logistic regression models LR1 and LR2, and to elucidate what explained the largest inter-observer differences in calculated risk of malignancy. Experimental Design: 117 women with adnexal masses were examined with transvaginal gray scale and power Doppler ultrasound by two independent experienced sonologists who described the masses using IOTA terminology. The risk of malignancy was calculated using LR1 and LR2. A predetermined risk of malignancy cutoff of 10% indicated malignancy. Results: There were 94 benign, four borderline and 19 invasively malignant tumors. There was substantial variability between the two sonologists in measurement results and some variability in assessment of categorical variables (agreement 40-98%, Kappa 0.30-0.91). Inter-observer agreement when classifying tumors as ...
http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2014/11/25/1078-0432.CCR-14-0906
The reliability of the clinical examination for detecting Bakers cyst in asymptomatic fossa - Akgul - 2013 - International...The reliability of the clinical examination for detecting Bakers cyst in asymptomatic fossa - Akgul - 2013 - International...
Examiner A found 25 BC, examiner B found 30 BC in 220 knees examined (κ = 0.35; 95% CI; 0.14-0.56) and inter-observer reliability was moderate. When US examination taken as the reference, receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.58 (95% CI; 0.51-0.65) for examiner A and 0.57 (95% CI; 0.50-0.64) for examiner B, showing a weak agreement between physical examination and US assessment. ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1756-185X.12095/abstract
Interrater reliability of an etiologic classification of ischemic stroke<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Interrater reliability of an etiologic classification of ischemic stroke. AU - Johnson, C. J.. AU - Kittner, C. J.. AU - McCarter, R. J.. AU - Sloan, R. J.. AU - Stern, Barney. AU - Buchholz, David. AU - Price, T. R.. PY - 1995. Y1 - 1995. N2 - Precise identification of the cause of stroke is critical to research and clinical practice. Published series of ischemic stroke show considerable variation in the proportion of cases classified as atherosclerotic large-vessel disease, lacunar infarct, cardioembolic stroke, stroke of other known cause, and stroke of undetermined etiology. We describe the development and use of an etiology-specific classification of ischemic stroke. The interrater reliability of the classification is then evaluated. Methods A total of 160 cases of ischemic strokes in young adults were reviewed by paired neurologists who assigned cases to prioritized categories. The results of paired ratings were evaluated for each of the potential causes. Interrater ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/interrater-reliability-of-an-etiologic-classification-of-ischemic
The joint council on thoracic surgery education coronary artery assessment tool has high interrater reliability<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The joint council on thoracic surgery education coronary artery assessment tool has high interrater reliability. AU - Lee, Richard. AU - Enter, Daniel. AU - Lou, Xiaoying. AU - Feins, Richard H.. AU - Hicks, George L.. AU - Gasparri, Mario. AU - Takayama, Hiroo. AU - Young, J Nilas. AU - Calhoon, John H.. AU - Crawford, Fred A.. AU - Mokadam, Nahush A.. AU - Fann, James I.. PY - 2013/6. Y1 - 2013/6. N2 - Background: Barriers to incorporation of simulation in cardiothoracic surgery training include lack of standardized, validated objective assessment tools. Our aim was to measure interrater reliability and internal consistency reliability of a coronary anastomosis assessment tool created by the Joint Council on Thoracic Surgery Education. Methods: Ten attending surgeons from different cardiothoracic residency programs evaluated nine video recordings of 5 individuals (1 medical student, 1 resident, 1 fellow, 2 attendings) performing coronary anastomoses on two simulation models, ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-joint-council-on-thoracic-surgery-education-coronary-artery-a
Measuring Limb Volume: Accuracy and Reliability of Tape Measurement Versus Perometer Measurement. - Nuffield Department of...
BACKGROUND: Accurate limb volume measurement is key in the assessment of outcomes in lymphedema microsurgery. There are two commonly used methods as follows: manual circumferential measurement (tape) or Perometer measurement. There are no data on the intra- and interclass correlation of either method, making it difficult to establish a gold standard of limb volume measurement. We aim to assess the intra- and interclass correlation of each method to establish the most appropriate method for clinical practice and future research studies, aiming to compare the accuracy and reliability of tape measurement as assessed against Perometer measurement. METHODS AND RESULTS: Student volunteers and experts (lymphedema practitioners) were each asked to perform repeat tape and Perometer measurements on the upper or lower limb of one healthy volunteer. Perometer measurements were globally more accurate than tape (average SE [Perometer]: 23.23 vs. 77.21 [tape]). For intraobserver reliability, experts outperformed
https://www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk/publications/732971
Intensive Care Medicine: AbstractIntensive Care Medicine: Abstract
The Berlin Definition of ARDS maintains a link to prior definitions with diagnostic criteria of timing, chest imaging, origin of edema, and hypoxemia. Patients may have ARDS if the onset is within 1 week of a known clinical insult or new/worsening respiratory symptoms. For the bilateral opacities on chest radiograph criterion, a reference set of chest radiographs has been developed to enhance inter-observer reliability. The pulmonary artery wedge pressure criterion for hydrostatic edema was removed, and illustrative vignettes were created to guide judgments about the primary cause of respiratory failure. If no risk factor for ARDS is apparent, however, objective evaluation (e.g., echocardiography) is required to help rule out hydrostatic edema. A minimum level of positive end-expiratory pressure and mutually exclusive PaO2/FiO2 thresholds were chosen for the different levels of ARDS severity (mild, moderate, severe) to better categorize patients with different outcomes and potential responses to ...
http://icmjournal.esicm.org/Journals/abstract.html?doi=10.1007/s00134-012-2682-1
Accuracy and inter-observer variability of 3D versus 4D cone-beam CT based image-guidance in SBRT for lung tumors | Radiation...
Differences between IG using 4D-CBCT as gold standard and the two IG techniques using 3D-CBCT were 3.6 mm (IG-3D) and 1.9 mm (IG-ITV) on average. These uncertainties of 3D CBCT IG appear especially large when compared to the average base-line shift of 4.9 mm in our study, the reason for performing soft-tissue IG. Korreman et al. estimated the residual uncertainty of the IG procedure to 20 % of the initial motion [5], which is optimistic based on our results. Differences in the tumor position between 4D-CBCT and 3D-CBCT based IG increased with increasing motion magnitude of the pulmonary targets and increased with worse image quality scores of 3D-CBCT. These results clearly indicate that 3D-CBCT is not fully sufficient for full motion integration into IG.. This finding of improved accuracy using 4D-CBCT compared to 3D-CBCT is in contrast to the study by Hugo et al. [7], which could be explained by two reasons. First, our study is based on a larger number of patients and poor image quality of the ...
https://ro-journal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-717X-7-81
A comparative analysis of pediatric uroflowmetry curves<...A comparative analysis of pediatric uroflowmetry curves<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A comparative analysis of pediatric uroflowmetry curves. AU - Vijverberg, Marianne A W. AU - Klijn, Aart J. AU - Rabenort, Ad. AU - Bransen, Jeroen. AU - Kok, Esther T. AU - Wingens, Johanna P M. AU - de Jong, Tom P V M. N1 - Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.. PY - 2011/11. Y1 - 2011/11. N2 - AIMS: This study was conducted to try to objectify assessment of pediatric uroflowmetry curves.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine professionals in pediatric incontinence care judged 480 pediatric uroflows. On a 1-5 scale, where 1 = anomalous and 5 = normal, uroflows were assessed on four items: staccato, interrupted, flow time and obstruction. Eighty uroflows were re-evaluated for intra-observer agreement. After staccato and interrupted flow had been defined more sharply, another 100 uroflows were analyzed. Cohens Kappa test for nominally classified data was applied to assess agreement. Kappa value of ,0.20 denoted poor agreement, 0.21-0.40 fair, 0.41-0.60 moderate, 0.61-0.80 substantial ...
https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/a-comparative-analysis-of-pediatric-uroflowmetry-curves
Inter-observer agreement in interpreting chest X-rays on children with acute lower respiratory tract infections and concurrent...Inter-observer agreement in interpreting chest X-rays on children with acute lower respiratory tract infections and concurrent...
INTRODUCTION. Acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) in children are a leading cause of death and constitute a substantial burden of disease in developed and developing countries.1,2 A significant proportion of children with ALRI presenting to emergency wards may have also concurrent wheezing of varying severity.3-6. The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes a case-detection and antibiotic management policy for ALRI, particularly pneumonia.7* Tachypnea and chest retraction are the key findings for making a diagnosis of pneumonia and putting patients on antibiotic therapy. There is strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of this policy in reducing childhood mortality due to pneumonia.8,9 However, in children with ALRI and wheezing, it is difficult to determine whether the difficulty in breathing is due to pneumonia or to bronchial obstruction underlying the wheezing. Physicians faced with these patients usually prescribe inhaled or nebulized beta-adrenergics and systemic ...
https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-31802007000300005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
sciatica | HealthPlexus.netsciatica | HealthPlexus.net
This article highlights the myths and misunderstandings surrounding the straight leg raise (SLR) test for sciatica. Unfortunately, neither intra- nor inter-observer reliability of the passive SLR test has ever been agreed upon. In addition, there is poor consensus about what constitutes a positive SLR test in terms of pain location, leg elevation limitation or clinical significance. Until there are stricter performance standards and uniform agreement, researchers and clinicians should interpret the test with caution. We believe a true positive SLR should be the reproduction or exacerbation of the typical leg dominant pain in the affected limb at any degree of passive elevation. Those with only increased back pain or any leg pain other than that presenting as the chief complaint should be regarded as false positives ...
https://www.healthplexus.net/keyword/sciatica
Developing a tool for obtaining maternal skinfold thickness measurements and assessing inter-observer variability among...Developing a tool for obtaining maternal skinfold thickness measurements and assessing inter-observer variability among...
Background It is estimated that between 34% and 50% of Australian women entering pregnancy are overweight and obese, which is associated with an increased risk in complications for both the woman and...
https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1186/1471-2393-13-42
Imaging for Target Volume Delineation in Rectal Cancer Radiotherapy - A Systematic Review -ORCAImaging for Target Volume Delineation in Rectal Cancer Radiotherapy - A Systematic Review -ORCA
The global move towards more conformal radiotherapy for rectal cancer requires better imaging modalities that both visualise the disease accurately and are reproducible; to reduce interobserver variation. This review explores the advances in imaging modalities used in target volume delineation, with a view to make recommendations for current clinical practice and to propose future directions for research. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE. Articles considered relevant by the authors were included. Planning with orthogonal films is being replaced by computed tomography (CT) simulation. This is now considered the gold standard and allows conformal three-dimensional planning. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to overcome some of the limitations of CT and can be used either as a diagnostic image to visually aid planning, or as a planning MRI carried out in the treatment position and co-registered with the planning CT. The latter approach has been shown to ...
http://orca-mwe.cf.ac.uk/24314/
An international comparison of retinopathy of prematurity grading performance within the Benefits of Oxygen Saturation...
PurposeTo investigate whether the observed international differences in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment rates within the Benefits of Oxygen Saturation Targeting (BOOST) II trials might have been caused by international variation in ROP disease grading.MethodsGroups of BOOST II trial ophthalmologists in UK, Australia, and New Zealand (ANZ), and an international reference group (INT) used a web based system to grade a selection of RetCam images of ROP acquired during the BOOST II UK trial. Rates of decisions to treat, plus disease grading, ROP stage grading, ROP zone grading, inter-observer variation within groups and intra-observer variation within groups were measured.ResultsForty-two eye examinations were graded. UK ophthalmologists diagnosed treat-requiring ROP more frequently than ANZ ophthalmologists, 13.9 (3.49) compared to 9.4 (4.46) eye examinations, P=0.038. UK ophthalmologists diagnosed plus disease more frequently than ANZ ophthalmologists, 14.1 (6.23) compared to 8.5 (3.24) eye
https://www.ndph.ox.ac.uk/publications/710305
Scoring inflammatory activity of the spine by magnetic resonance imaging in ankylosing spondylitis: a multireader experiment. |...Scoring inflammatory activity of the spine by magnetic resonance imaging in ankylosing spondylitis: a multireader experiment. |...
OBJECTIVE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine is increasingly important in the assessment of inflammatory activity in clinical trials with patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We investigated feasibility, inter-reader reliability, sensitivity to change, and discriminatory ability of 3 different scoring methods for MRI activity and change in activity of the spine in patients with AS. METHODS: Thirty sets of spinal MRI at baseline and after 24 weeks of followup, derived from a randomized clinical trial comparing a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking drug (n = 20) with placebo (n = 10) and selected to cover a wide range of activity at baseline and change in activity, were presented electronically in a partial latin-square design to 9 experienced readers from different countries (Europe, Canada). Readers scored each set of MRI 3 times, using 3 different methods including the Ankylosing Spondylitis spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging-activity [ASspiMRI-a, grading activity (0-6) per ...
https://www.jrheum.org/content/34/4/862?ijkey=8300754282e912e1bd97fb1a3a8d51f8df1de3e6&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Comparison Between Laser-Scanning-in-vivo-Confocal-Microscopy and Noncontact Specular Microscopy in Assessing Corneal...Comparison Between Laser-Scanning-in-vivo-Confocal-Microscopy and Noncontact Specular Microscopy in Assessing Corneal...
Purpose: : To compare endothelial cell density (ECD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements assessed with the laser-scanning-in-vivo-confocal-microscope HRT II corneal module and noncontact specular microscopy. Intrasession intra-observer and inter-observer agreement of the two instruments in a cohort of normal subjects were also determined. Methods: : This prospective observational cross-sectional study included 48 healthy subjects (mean age of 50.9±13.7 years, range 28-82). All subjects underwent ECD and CCT measurement with the laser-scanning-in-vivo-confocal-microscope HRT II corneal module (HRT-CM) and a noncontact-specular-microscope (NCSM) (Tomey EM-3000). The measurements were repeated 3 times with each device by two independent observers during the same session. The differences between the CCT and ECD values recorded by the two instruments were calculated using the paired t-test. The agreement between devices was evaluated using the Bland-Altman method. Intra- and ...
http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2367269
Ultrasound Assessment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. External Validation and Inter-Rater Reliability of a 4-Joint...Ultrasound Assessment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. External Validation and Inter-Rater Reliability of a 4-Joint...
Background/Purpose: Although Ultrasound (US) has demonstrated to be a sensitive and specific tool, its feasibility in daily clinical practice is still under debate. We have developed and validated a fast 4-joints ultrasonographic (US) score to assess disease activity in RA patients. This score named REUMA (Rapid Evaluation by US to Monitor Arthritis) showed an excellent correlation with 28-joint US assessment and good responsiveness. In order to generalize the utilization of this new and simple US score, we evaluated the performance of this score using an external sample of RA patients and assessed the intra and inter-reader reliability. Material and Methods: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study, including ambulatory patients with RA diagnosed according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria. Clinical data, demographic and disease characteristics were recorded. The 4-joints US score was calculated for each patient including bilateral radio and intracarpal joint and second metacarpophalangeal. ...
https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/ultrasound-assessment-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-patients-external-validation-and-inter-rater-reliability-of-a-4-joint-ultrasonographic-scoring-system/
Reliability and minimal detectable change of spinal length and width measurements using the Flexicurve for usual standing...Reliability and minimal detectable change of spinal length and width measurements using the Flexicurve for usual standing...
Purpose: The purposes of this study were to: 1) investigate the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of use of the Flexicurve for measurement of spinal length (L), thoracic (TL) and lumbar length (LL), thoracic (TW) and lumbar width (LW), and 2) q
https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-back-and-musculoskeletal-rehabilitation/bmr00269
Classification and measurement of pain in the spinal cord-injured population - COSMIN databaseClassification and measurement of pain in the spinal cord-injured population - COSMIN database
RESULTS: Five different pain classification schemas, six self-report measures of pain, and two measures of pain impact on functioning were selected based on our inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies identified in these areas reported inter- and intra-rater reliability information. Of the little validity data found for pain screening measures, it was difficult to compare due to the variability of the descriptors used. No data on sensitivity was identified ...
https://database.cosmin.nl/catalog/376
Reliability of Histologic Scoring for Lupus Nephritis: A Community-based Evaluation | Annals of Internal Medicine | American...Reliability of Histologic Scoring for Lupus Nephritis: A Community-based Evaluation | Annals of Internal Medicine | American...
Results:. As scored by the readers, the mean chronicity index score varied from 2.3 to 4.8 on a 12-point scale (P = 0.001) and the mean activity index score varied from 5.8 to 11.4 on a 24-point scale (P = 0.0001). Pairs of readers gave scores within 1 point for the chronicity index and within 2 points for the activity index in 50% of cases, and risk group assignments based on chronicity index (three strata) and activity index (two strata) were concordant in 59% and 76% of cases, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients for inter-reader agreement were 0.58 for the chronicity index (P , 0.01) and 0.52 for the activity index (P , 0.01). Intrareader agreement was uniformly higher than inter-reader agreement, but mean intraclass correlation coefficients exceeded 0.70 for only 1 of the 10 index components. Repeated readings yielded chronicity index scores that were more than 1 point discordant in 45% of cases and activity index scores that were more than 2 points discordant in 43% of cases. ...
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/706779/reliability-histologic-scoring-lupus-nephritis-community-based-evaluation
Reading Worksheets: Worksheet Free Math For 1st Graders 2nd Grade Worksheets Go Second Reading Fun. Worksheet First Grade 4th...
Worksheet First Grade 4th Graders Math Worksheets Decimal To Fraction Worksheet Grade 5 Reading Timetables Worksheets Year 6. Worksheet Free Math For 1st Graders 2nd Grade Worksheets Go Second Reading Fun
https://sauerkrautwiki.com/7rnp6y121/rH12180cK/
Search Results | Anesthesiology | American Society of AnesthesiologistsSearch Results | Anesthesiology | American Society of Anesthesiologists
Background The collapsibility index of inferior vena cava (cIVC) is widely used to decide fluid infusion in spontaneously breathing intensive care unit patients. The authors hypothesized that high inspiratory efforts may induce false-positive high cIVC values. This study aims at determining a value of diaphragmatic motion recorded by echography that could predict a high cIVC (more than or equal to 40%) in healthy volunteers. Methods The cIVC and diaphragmatic motions were recorded for three levels of inspiratory efforts. Right and left diaphragmatic motions were defined as the maximal diaphragmatic excursions. Receiver operating characteristic curves evaluated the performance of right diaphragmatic motion to predict a cIVC more than or equal to 40% defining the best cutoff value. Results Among 52 included volunteers, interobserver reproducibility showed a generalized concordance correlation coefficient (ρ c ) above 0.9 for all echographic parameters. Right diaphragmatic motion correlated with ...
https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/search-results?f_AllAuthors=Lana+Zoric%2C+M.D.
Eminent Domain passes on first reading, second reading November 13th - hobokenhorse.comEminent Domain passes on first reading, second reading November 13th - hobokenhorse.com
The first reading for eminent domain against the Union Dry Dock in uptown Hoboken passed easily 8-1 Wednesday night. The next and critical second reading will not be held as typically anticipated in two weeks but on November 13th - after Hobokens heavily contested mayoral election.. The vote as it turns out was anti-climatic. All of the candidates running this election cycle voted on first reading for approval: City Council President Jen Giattino and council members Ravi Bhalla, Mike DeFusco, Dave Mello and Jim Doyle. The vote however was preceded with less than the usual official reading of the ordinance with no discussion.. City Council President Jen Giattino announced if the ordinance passed it would be scheduled for November 13th after the election. She said it was to remove the politics from the matter with the upcoming Hoboken mayoral election.. Councilman Ravi Bhalla immediately took issue strenuously seeking to keep the issue alive before the November 7th mayoral election. Were Bhalla ...
https://hobokenhorse.com/eminent-domain-passes-on-first-reading/
CVPR 2021 Open Access RepositoryCVPR 2021 Open Access Repository
Microscopy image-based measurement variability in high-throughput imaging experiments for biological drug discoveries, such as COVID-19 therapies was addressed in this study. Variability of measurements came from (1) computational approaches (methods), (2) implementations of methods, (3) parameter settings, (4) chaining methods into workflows, and (5) stabilities of floating-point arithmetic on diverse hardware. Measurement variability was addressed by (a) introducing interoperability between algorithms, (b) enforcing automated capture of computational provenance and parameter settings, and (c) quantifying multiple sources of variabilities for 10 nucleus measurements, from 8 workflow streams, executed in 2 workflow graph configurations, on 2 computational hardware platforms at 2 locations. Using modified Mean Absolute Error (mMAE [%]) to compare measurements, We concluded that for the task of image-based nucleus measurements the variability sources were (1) implementations (0.10 % - 5.72 % per ...
https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/CVPR2021W/CVMI/html/Simon_Quantifying_Variability_in_Microscopy_Image_Analyses_for_COVID-19_Drug_Discovery_CVPRW_2021_paper.html
Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Diagnostic Ability of a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scan to...Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Diagnostic Ability of a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scan to...
Introduction: This study evaluated the influence of cast-gold posts on the diagnostic ability of a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) system in assessing longitudinal root fractures. In addition, the influence of gutta-percha and variations in voxel resolution were assessed. Methods: One hundred eighty endodontically prepared teeth were divided into 3 experimental and 3 control groups and placed in a dry human skull. The teeth in the experimental groups were artificially fractured. Certain experimental and control groups were filled with gutta-percha cones. Other experimental and control groups were filled with cast-gold posts. All the teeth were viewed by using a tomography scan with 2 voxel resolution protocols (0.3-mm and 0.2-mm). A calibrated examiner, blinded to the protocol, assessed the images by using the nominated scan software. Results: The kappa values obtained for intraobserver reproducibility were 0.84 and 0.93 for 0.3-mm and 0.2-mm voxel resolution, respectively. The presence of ...
http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/61677
Understand Measurement VariabilityUnderstand Measurement Variability
We take measurements every day to control processes and to accept or reject products. Often, there is little thought that goes into understanding the measurement system. We take it for granted that the numbers are good. The quality of a measurement system is determined by the statistical properties of the data that are generated. We know, for example, that when the same person measures the same part with the same instrument that there can be different results. This is termed repeatability - re
https://www.belfield.ca/post/2018/03/11/understand-measurement-variability
Substantial Observer Variability in the Differentiation Between Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Hemorrhagic Transformation...
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.ndcn.ox.ac.uk/publications/119011/
Correlation between model observer and human observer performance in CT imaging when lesion location is uncertain (Journal...Correlation between model observer and human observer performance in CT imaging when lesion location is uncertain (Journal...
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between model observer and human observer performance in CT imaging for the task of lesion detection and localization when the lesion location is uncertain.Methods: Two cylindrical rods (3-mm and 5-mm diameters) were placed in a 35 × 26 cm torso-shaped water phantom to simulate lesions with −15 HU contrast at 120 kV. The phantom was scanned 100 times on a 128-slice CT scanner at each of four dose levels (CTDIvol = 5.7, 11.4, 17.1, and 22.8 mGy). Regions of interest (ROIs) around each lesion were extracted to generate images with signal-present, with each ROI containing 128 × 128 pixels. Corresponding ROIs of signal-absent images were generated from images without lesion mimicking rods. The location of the lesion (rod) in each ROI was randomly distributed by moving the ROIs around each lesion. Human observer studies were performed by having three trained observers identify the presence or absence of lesions, indicating the ...
https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/22220517-correlation-between-model-observer-human-observer-performance-ct-imaging-when-lesion-location-uncertain
Novel image analysis approach for quantifying expression of nuclear pr by Elton Rexhepaj, Donal J. Brennan et al.Novel image analysis approach for quantifying expression of nuclear pr by Elton Rexhepaj, Donal J. Brennan et al.
INTRODUCTION: Manual interpretation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a subjective, time-consuming and variable process, with an inherent intra-observer and inter-observer variability. Automated image analysis approaches offer the possibility of developing rapid, uniform indicators of IHC staining. In the present article we describe the development of a novel approach for automatically quantifying oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) protein expression assessed by IHC in primary breast cancer. METHODS: Two cohorts of breast cancer patients (n = 743) were used in the study. Digital images of breast cancer tissue microarrays were captured using the Aperio ScanScope XT slide scanner (Aperio Technologies, Vista, CA, USA). Image analysis algorithms were developed using MatLab 7 (MathWorks, Apple Hill Drive, MA, USA). A fully automated nuclear algorithm was developed to discriminate tumour from normal tissue and to quantify ER and PR expression in both cohorts. Random forest clustering was
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/pathart/4/
Reproducibility of the ABILOCO questionnaire and comparison between self-reported and observed locomotion ability in adult...Reproducibility of the ABILOCO questionnaire and comparison between self-reported and observed locomotion ability in adult...
OBJECTIVES: To test the reproducibility of the ABILOCO questionnaire. To validate the patient self-reporting method and the third-party assessment of the stroke patients locomotion ability by a treating physical therapist. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Adult stroke patients (N=28; 59+/-13y). The time since stroke ranged from 3 to 253 weeks. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The ABILOCO questionnaire. RESULTS: The results of patient self-assessment and the results of the third-party assessments by the physiotherapists at a 2-week interval were highly correlated (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=.77 and ICC=.89, respectively). The results of the patient self-assessment and the third-party assessment by the physical therapist were both well correlated to assessment by an independent medical examiner who observed the patient during the 13 ABILOCO activities (ICC=.69 and ICC=.87, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The use of ABILOCO as a ...
https://dial.uclouvain.be/pr/boreal/object/boreal:22497
The Dream (ballet)The Dream (ballet)
p. 8. Bland, Alexander (5 April 1964). "Shakespearean Variations: Ballet". The Observer. p. 25. Cargill, Mary (Autumn 2002). "A ... Both The Times and The Observer noted that the men's roles were particularly strong. In the latter, Alexander Bland called the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dream_(ballet)
Trudy MackayTrudy Mackay
Observer. Retrieved 16 February 2016. Mackay, Trudy Frances Charlene (1979). Genetic variation in varying environments (PhD ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trudy_Mackay
Nick van BlossNick van Bloss
Fiona Maddocks (30 January 2011). "Bach: Goldberg Variations, Nick Van Bloss - review , Music , The Observer". The Guardian. UK ... Bach Goldberg Variations. "Bach Goldberg Variations". Wyastone.co.uk. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 19 ... In January 2010, van Bloss released a recording of the Goldberg Variations by Bach by Nimbus Records which received widespread ... Matt Savage Tony Cicoria Goldberg Variations discography Nick van Bloss (2006). Busy Body - My Life With Tourette's Syndrome. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_van_Bloss
TiaveaTi'avea
Samoa Observer. Retrieved 13 August 2022. Joyetter Feagaimaali'i (16 April 2020). "$3 million variation for Ti'avea Airport not ... Soli Wilson (17 April 2020). "Ti'avea makes way for airport". Samoa Observer. Retrieved 13 August 2022. "Homes and graves to be ... Matai'a Lanuola Tusani T - Ah Tong (15 June 2019). "Flooding concerns at Ti'avea Airport". Samoa Observer. Retrieved 13 August ... Matai'a Lanuola Tusani T - Ah Tong (22 April 2022). "$17 million Ti'avea Airport in limbo". Samoa Observer. Retrieved 13 August ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti'avea
Stellar ConquestStellar Conquest
ISBN 978-1-4822-0389-9. Berg, Richard (October-November 1975). Forward Observer. p. 26.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format ( ... Moorman, Kelly (June-July 1976). "Variation on a Theme: More Realism?". The Space Gamer. Metagaming (6): 26-27. Ritchie, David ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_Conquest
2015 in classical music2015 in classical music
Stephen Pritchard (July 5, 2015). "Coke: Preludes and Variations review - fevered chromaticism". The Observer. Retrieved July 7 ... Fiona Maddocks (August 30, 2015). "Lang, Berio, Olivero: Song of Songs CD review - full of surprises". The Observer. Retrieved ... Stephen Pritchard (February 8, 2015). "Capuano, Rubino: Requiem CD review - a tale of two Sicilian requiems". The Observer. ... Stephen Pritchard (July 12, 2015). "Bob Chilcott: The Angry Planet review - touching innocence of young choirs". The Observer. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_in_classical_music
Theta TucanaeTheta Tucanae
Observations over the decades have shown that its colour slightly changes and it exhibits variation in light that indicate the ... American Association of Variable Star Observers. Retrieved 2 February 2014. Sterken, C. (1997). "The δ Scuti star θ Tucanae. II ... UVBY colour variations and pulsational/orbital properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 325: 563-68. Bibcode:1997A&A...325.. ... AAVSO (American Association of Variable Star Observers). Retrieved 2 February 2014. Wagman, Morton (2003). Lost Stars: Lost, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theta_Tucanae
Chad LawsonChad Lawson
"The Chopin Variations". iTunes. September 23, 2014. Retrieved August 18, 2020. "Bach Interpreted: Piano Variations on Bach ... "Charlotte composer shapes classical music into something new". The Charlotte Observer. Retrieved 12 December 2019. Martin, Ryan ... In 2014, Lawson released the album The Chopin Variations, a double album reinterpreting the works of Chopin (one side solo ... Lawson followed The Chopin Variations with a second classical re-imagining in 2016, this time of Bach's chorale works. From ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Lawson
Bowls England National Championships (womens singles four wood)Bowls England National Championships (women's singles four wood)
The four-wood singles is the traditional variation of the game; see Glossary of bowls terms. "Past Records". Bowls England. " ... "Richards captures prestigious national singles crown". Stratford Observer. "Results Portal" (PDF). Bowls England. "2019 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowls_England_National_Championships_(women's_singles_four_wood)
Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017
Ozturk, Serkan (21 October 2013). "ACT marriage bill "excludes" intersex people'". Star Observer. Retrieved 23 May 2014. Busby ... Morgan (9 January 2017). "Marriage and people with intersex variations, a submission". Organisation Intersex International ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriage_Amendment_(Definition_and_Religious_Freedoms)_Act_2017
Lucianne GoldbergLucianne Goldberg
Phillip Weiss (June 29, 1998). "The Goldberg Variations: Philip Weiss Tapes Lucianne Goldberg". Observer. Retrieved May 8, 2018 ... The Observer. London. p. 17. ProQuest 250437403. Retrieved October 27, 2022 - via ProQuest. Lloyd Grove, with Beth Berselli, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucianne_Goldberg
Cephalopod sizeCephalopod size
doi:10.1111/j.2151-6952.1998.tb00828.x Landman, N.H., S.M. Klofak & K.B. Sarg (2003). Variation in adult size of scaphitid ... doi:10.7717/peerj.715 McDowall, C.A. (1998). Giant squid? The Marine Observer: A Quarterly Journal of Maritime Meteorology 68( ... Laptikhovsky, V. (2006). Latitudinal and bathymetric trends in egg size variation: a new look at Thorson's and Rass's rules. ... evidence from adult-size variations. Geobios 34(4): 423-435. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(01)80006-1 Rees, W.J. (1950). On a giant ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopod_size
Hodgkin lymphomaHodgkin lymphoma
Hofman MS, Smeeton NC, Rankin SC, Nunan T, O'Doherty MJ (October 2009). "Observer variation in interpreting 18F-FDG PET/CT ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodgkin_lymphoma
Confronted animalsConfronted animals
... variation of Tree of life confronted-animals; Article - One figure is facing toward the observer. Nomadic Art of the Eastern ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confronted_animals
USC&GS Yukon (1873)USC&GS Yukon (1873)
The 1880 cruise carried Tarleton Bean as biological observer. Bean's focus was to document the fish and other marine resources ... and to document compass variation. These activities depended on astronomical observation to determine location and direction, ... Marcus Baker was the astronomical observer for all three trips. Another focus was the collection of biological specimens. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USC&GS_Yukon_(1873)
Wendy Ellis SomesWendy Ellis Somes
Anna Dearing (20 November 2012). "Dance Review: Symphonic Variations, There Where She Loves and Company B". Observer Group. ... Symphonic Variations, The Dream, Enigma Variations, A Month in the Country, Jazz Calendar, Les Patineurs, A Wedding Bouquet, ... She produced Symphonic Variations again with the Dutch National Ballet after the passing of Somes, followed by the National ... "Symphonic Variations". Ballet Theater Foundation, Inc. Retrieved 25 January 2013. Anna Kisselgoff (26 November 1994). "Michael ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendy_Ellis_Somes
1061 Paeonia1061 Paeonia
The observer noted that the brightness variation occurred within 2 hours or less. In 2014, Pilcher revisited Paeonia at his ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1061_Paeonia
Sri Lankan MoorsSri Lankan Moors
One phonological variation between these two sub-dialects is that SMT replaces the Tamil sound /sa/ with /sha/. Another ... Palakidnar, Ananth (15 February 2009). "Mass resettlement of Muslims in Jaffna". Sunday Observer. Archived from the original on ... This can be seen from the large number of prominent Sri Lankan Moors who hold the surname of Marikkar (and its variations) and ... Interestingly, one can also notice ethno-regional variations in SLMT and categorise them into two major sub-dialects such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Moors
Lars VogtLars Vogt
Fiona Maddocks (23 August 2015). "Bach: Goldberg Variations CD review - simplicity and wit from Lars Vogt". The Observer. ... 2 ; Handel variations (in no linguistic content), Helsinki: Ondine, OCLC 1222203694 Janáček, Leoš (2021), On an overgrown path ... Fiona Maddocks (14 August 2016). "Brahms: The Violin Sonatas CD review - exhilarating freedom". The Observer. Retrieved 30 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lars_Vogt
GeistervariationenGeistervariationen
Variation III - Etwas belebter (Somewhat more animated) Variation IV Variation V Brahms: Variations on a Theme of Robert ... Fiona Maddocks (3 September 2011). "Schumann: Geistervariationen - review". The Observer. Retrieved 6 July 2012. Michael ... The Geistervariationen (Ghost Variations), or Theme and Variations in E-flat major for piano, WoO 24, composed in 1854, is the ... Theme - Leise, innig (Quiet, earnest) Variation I Variation II - Canonisch (Like a canon) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geistervariationen
Environmental issues in PakistanEnvironmental issues in Pakistan
"Satellite Based Monitoring of Groundwater Storage Variations Over Indus Basin" (PDF). www.pcrwr.gov.pk. Pakistan Council of ... Sabir, Ismat (28 November 2012). "Water is Becoming Scarce". Pakistan Observer. " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Pakistan
Christopher Warren-GreenChristopher Warren-Green
Steven Brown, "Symphony's new director is booster, too". Charlotte Observer, 31 May 2009. HarrisonParrott agency biography of ... Variations on a Theme by Nielsen". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 June 2009. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Warren-Green
Brad Mehldau discographyBrad Mehldau discography
"Variations on a Melancholy Theme by Brad Mehldau + Orpheus Chamber Orchestra". Nonesuch Records. Retrieved June 3, 2021. "Brad ... In Brad Mehldau's Hands, It's Sheer Genius". The Observer. p. D8. Conrad, Thomas (June 2007) "Marian McPartland/Brad Mehldau: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brad_Mehldau_discography
Frederick AshtonFrederick Ashton
Cinderella and Symphonic Variations), Alexander Grant (La fille mal gardée and Façade), Antony Dyson (Enigma Variations and ... "Golden Rain", The Observer, 15 February 1948, p. 2 Jordan, p. 200 Craine, Debra. "Victory salute to a master of the dance", The ... The Observer commented on "an engaging little ballet called A Tragedy of Fashion: or The Scarlet Scissors, which Mr. Eugene ... The Times commented that it "had the one merit of brevity"; Richard Buckle in The Observer wrote, "The only fault … is that it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Ashton
Jane FondaJane Fonda
Frey, Hillary (March 3, 2009). "Broadway Bows Down to Power Dames Fonda, Sarandon, Lansbury". The New York Observer. Archived ... ISBN 978-0-7914-0116-3. Galtney, Smith (February 26, 2009). "33 Preludes to 33 Variations: The Early Broadway Years of Jane ... "Ted Turner, Jane Fonda Tie Knot". Observer-Reporter. December 22, 1991. "Judge Approves Fonda Divorce". ABC News. May 22, 2001 ... "Jane Fonda returns to Broadway in '33 Variations'". USA Today. Associated Press. November 3, 2008; retrieved July 19, 2011. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Fonda
Andrew ManzeAndrew Manze
Nicholas Kenyon (5 May 2012). "Brahms: Symphonies 1-4, Overtures, Variations on a theme of Haydn - review". The Observer. ... Fiona Maddocks (2 April 2017). "Vaughan Williams: A Pastoral Symphony, Symphony No 4 CD review - raw splendour". The Observer. ... Fiona Maddocks (24 April 2016). "Vaughan Williams: Symphonies Vol 1 review - warm and lustrous". The Observer. Retrieved 19 ... Stephen Pritchard (17 August 2013). "Dubois: Piano Concertos - review". The Observer. Retrieved 19 July 2017. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Manze
Anthony MarwoodAnthony Marwood
Fiona Maddocks (9 July 2017). "Walton: Violin Concerto, Partita and Hindemith Variations CD review - an exhilarating disc". The ... Anthony Holden (13 January 2008). "Classical CD releases". The Observer. Retrieved 30 March 2019. Andrew Clements (3 March 2005 ... Observer. Retrieved 30 March 2019. Official website of Anthony Marwood Colbert Artists Management Inc. agency page on Anthony ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Marwood
RS TelescopiiRS Telescopii
The star undergoes large, random variations in brightness on a time scale of thousands of days with no apparent periodicity. ... American Association of Variable Star Observers. Retrieved 26 June 2014. Feast, M. W.; et al. (February 1997). "The R Coronae ... Borealis stars - I. Infrared photometry and long-term variations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 285 (2): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS_Telescopii
ER VulpeculaeER Vulpeculae
However, other observers have observed that the primary is the more active. This changeover may be the result of magnetic ... March 2003), "Hα variations of the RS CVn type binary ER Vulpeculae", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 400: 257-264, Bibcode:2003A&A ... Keskin, Varol (July 1990), "Lightcurve Variations of the RS-Canum Type Eclipsing Binary ER-Vulpeculae", Astrophysics and Space ... Evren, S. (January 1988), "Light curve variations of ER Vulpeculae in 1984 and 1985 observing seasons", Astrophysics and Space ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ER_Vulpeculae
List of Star Trek composers and musicList of Star Trek composers and music
Joel used variations of his father's Borg music and the Klingon theme as Worf fights hand-to-hand: 156 (Joel said that he and ... While observers are watching the Ba'ku unseen, Goldsmith employed a "spying theme". Composed of a piano, timpani percussion, ... The Ba'ku's ability to slow time uses a variation of this music.: 164 Goldsmith approached starship sequences with quick bursts ... consisting of a six note theme and variations set against a repetitious four note brass motif; the theme's bridge is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_composers_and_music
Girl groupGirl group
"The Observer. p. 7. ProQuest 250362717. Retrieved 30 March 2021 - via ProQuest.. ... There were songs of support, songs that were gossipy, etc.; like any other musical movement, there was much variation in what ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_group
ShortsShorts
... wearers and observers have expressed discomfort with their increasing skimpiness.[27][28] A study made by the Women's Sports ... are a popular variation on running shorts.[45]. Trail running shorts are typically made longer and in harder-wearing fabric ... are an underwear-specific variation on boxer shorts, but made from elastic knit fabric for a snug fit.[24] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shorts
SpeciesSpecies
When observers in the Early Modern period began to develop systems of organization for living things, they placed each kind of ... Thus, no matter what variations occur in the individuals or the species, if they spring from the seed of one and the same plant ... In the 1970s, Robert R. Sokal, Theodore J. Crovello and Peter Sneath proposed a variation on the morphological species concept ... A form was distinguished by being shared by all its members, the young inheriting any variations they might have from their ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species
History of cartographyHistory of cartography
He placed his observer at ~12,750 km distance. This is the type of projection used today by Google Earth.[76] ... 1530: Alonzo de Santa Cruz, Spanish cartographer, produced the first map of magnetic variations from true north. He believed it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cartography
BerbersBerbers
There is some variation in the order of the presentation, but the astara is always at the beginning, and the tabbayt always at ... "Kabylia Observer. June 28, 2004. Archived from the original on February 20, 2009. Retrieved September 26, 2021.. ... In modern times, these types of jewellery are produced also in contemporary variations and sold as a commercial product of ... "A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in North Africa". American Journal of Human Genetics. 75 (2 ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_people
দি আন্ডারটেকার - উইকিপিডিয়াদি আন্ডারটেকার - উইকিপিডিয়া
Wrestling Observer Newsletter *5 Star Match (1997) (vs. Shawn Michaels in a Hell in a Cell at Badd Blood) ... Meltzer, Dave (জানুয়ারি ২৬, ২০১১)। "Biggest issue of the year: The 2011 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards Issue"। Wrestling ... Multiple clothesline variations *Corner. *Leaping flying. *Rebound. *Short-arm. *Old School (Arm twist ropewalk chop) - adopted ...
https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/দ্য_আন্ডারটেকার
Specialty drugs in the United StatesSpecialty drugs in the United States
Defining biologics has been described as a matter of perspective, with variation between chemists, physicians, payers, ... Industry observers look to pioneering efforts by Genentech and Genzyme under the tenure of Henri Termeer, "when some of their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialty_drugs
Fault (geology)Fault (geology)
"A geometric model of fault zone and fault rock thickness variations". Journal of Structural Geology. 31 (2): 117-127. Bibcode: ... Each is defined by the direction of movement of the ground as would be seen by an observer on the opposite side of the fault. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_fault
KissKiss
There are many such games, including Truth or Dare?, Seven Minutes in Heaven (or the variation "Two Minutes in the Closet"), ... This is sometimes interpreted by observers as a type of kissing. Kissing in humans is postulated to have evolved from the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiss
Supermarine Spitfire, den frie encyklopædiSupermarine Spitfire, den frie encyklopædi
Spitfire Mk.IIa, P7666, EB-Z, "Observer Corps", bygget i Castle Bromwich og leveret til 41 Squadron den 23. November 1940.[nb 5 ... Efterhånden som krigen skred frem blev "C" vingen mere almindelig.[139] En anden variation i bevæbningen var "E" vingen der bar ... 2 in.).[80] Den anden variation af vingetipperne, som blev benyttet i adskillige Spitfire-varianter, var den "klippede" vinge; ...
https://da.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermarine_Spitfire
NASA Deep Space NetworkNASA Deep Space Network
measure variations in radio waves for radio science experiments.. *gather science data. ... Mars Observer. *Mars Pathfinder. *Mars Polar Lander. *Mars Global Surveyor. *Mars Exploration Rovers *Spirit rover ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_Deep_Space_Network
Lindy HopLindy Hop
A popular variation of Hollywood-Style Lindy Hop called LA-style Lindy Hop has a few technical changes in the footwork and ... In describing Savoy style Lindy Hop, observers note that the follower is led out of the basic Swingout sideways as a default. ... particular 'variations' or jazz steps associated with Savoy-style date back to the African communities from which African ... The most useful point to be made about this variation within a single community of dancers in one historical moment, is that ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_Hop
Polarization (waves)Polarization (waves)
But a vertical "whip antenna" or AM broadcast tower used as an antenna element (again, for observers horizontally displaced ... In so-called partially polarized radiation the fields are stochastic, and the variations and correlations between components of ... it can be shown from considerations of symmetry that an antenna that lies entirely in a plane which also includes the observer ... Physicists and Engineers is that Astronomical Observations are always done with the incoming wave traveling toward the observer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)
認知偏誤列表 - 维基百科，自由的百科認知偏誤列表 - 维基百科，自由的百科
行為者-觀察者偏誤（英语：Actor-observer bias） Actor-observer bias 解释他人行为歸因於內在个性，解释自己行为則歸因於环境影响（​​参见基本歸因錯誤）。 ... Psychology: Themes and Variations: Themes and Variations. Cengage Learning. 2010: 338 [2014-01-31]. ISBN 978-0-495-60197-5. （原始 ... Psychology: Themes and Variations: Themes And Variations. Cengage Learning. 2007: 260 [2014-01-31
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/单位偏误
Third-party punishmentThird-party punishment
In a variation of the TP-DG, the third party observer could choose to spend part of the endowment to punish the dictator or ... In a variation of the TP-DG, 8-year-olds based their punishment on the outcome of the unfair result and did not consider the ... Cross-culture variations[edit]. It has been shown that altruistic punishment exists across many examined populations, but that ... The third person observer was also given an endowment of 50, of which he could choose to spend in order to punish the dictator ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-party_punishment
Letter caseLetter case
There is more variation in the height of the minuscules, as some of them have parts higher (ascenders) or lower (descenders) ... "The Guardian and Observer Style Guide". TheGuardian.com. Retrieved 10 June 2014.. ... In contrast, case is often ignored in keyword searches in order to ignore insignificant variations in keyword capitalisation ... variation occurs in the wild and among house styles (e.g., "The Letter-Case Rule in My Book"; "Short-term Follow-up Care for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_case
La Dolce VitaLa Dolce Vita
"The Observer. London. Archived from the original on 20 February 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2008.. ... Writing for L'Espresso, the Italian novelist Alberto Moravia highlighted the film's variations in tone, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_dolce_vita
Sun-synchronous orbitSun-synchronous orbit
Rosengren, M. (November 1992). "ERS-1 - An Earth Observer that exactly follows its Chosen Path". ESA Bulletin. European Space ... Variation. *T Orbital period. *n Mean motion. *v Orbital speed. *t0 Epoch ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun-synchronous_orbit
United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758
Broadly, each of these draft resolutions was a variation on the third draft resolution described above, backed by the U.S. ... and observers. *Full members. *Founding members. *Security Council Permanent members. *Permanent representatives to the UN * ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Assembly_Resolution_2758
FlowerFlower
Variation. Although this arrangement is considered "typical", plant species show a wide variation in floral structure.[13] The ... Flowers that reflect the full range of visible light are generally perceived as white by a human observer. An important feature ... Humans observers will perceive this as degrees of saturation (the amount of white in the color). ... Cross-pollination is preferred because it allows for genetic variation, which contributes to the survival of the species.[41] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower
Dawkins vs. GouldDawkins vs. Gould
Evolutionary biology needs a theory of variation, explaining the effect of variation supply on change potentiality. While ... Conversely, genealogical reconstructions-who is related to whom-are objective facts independent of the observer's perception. ... "So he thinks both that selection has a larger range of variation with which to work, and that when patterns do exist over long ... "Rather, Gould argues that this trend is really a change in the spread of variation within the horse lineage", which used to be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawkins_vs._Gould
ইথিওপিয়া - উইকিপিডিয়াইথিওপিয়া - উইকিপিডিয়া
"Ethiopia says UN observers not needed as protests rage"। www.aljazeera.com। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২ মে ২০১৭।. ... "Worldwide Human Relationships Inferred from Genome-Wide Patterns of Variation"। Science। 319 (5866): 1100-04। ডিওআই:10.1126/ ... "President of the Amhara region killed"। Ethiopia Observer। ২৩ জুন ২০১৯। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২৪ জুন ২০১৯।. ...
https://bn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ইথিওপিয়া
JupiterJupiter
Price, Fred W. (Oktober 26, 2000). The Planet Observer's Handbook. Cambridge University Press. p. 140. ISBN 9780521789813. .. ... "A possibly universal red chromophore for modeling colour variations on Jupiter". Icarus. 291: 232-244. arXiv:1706.02779. ... "Jupiter's Synchrotron Radiation: Observed Variations Before, During and After the Impacts of Comet SL9". Conference at ...
https://af.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter_
Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of SouthamptonHenry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton
There are also variations applied in other areas of the English colonies which were not part of the Virginia Company of ... "That's no lady, that's..." The Observer. Retrieved 10 March 2009.. *^ X-rays uncover 'hidden portrait'. BBC News. 29 April ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Wriothesley,_3rd_Earl_of_Southampton
WeekWeek
... would be subject to slight variations depending upon the time of year and the observer's geographical latitude. ... due to variations in the moon's orbit, the weeks in the Hermetic calendar range 6-9 days.[63] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Week
Deep learningDeep learning
... is a modern variation which is concerned with an unbounded number of layers of bounded size, which permits ... attackers can modify inputs to ANNs in such a way that the ANN finds a match that human observers would not recognize. For ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning
RS PuppisRS Puppis
AAVSO 0809-34 (American Association of Variable Star Observers). CD-34 4488 (Córdoba Durchmusterung (es) ). CPC 17 3819 (Cape ... Azimuthal and Radial Variation in Abundances from Cepheids». The Astronomical Journal 142 (2). 51. http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/ ...
https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS_Puppis
右翼民粹主義 - 维基百科，自由的百科右翼民粹主義 - 维基百科，自由的百科
New York Observer. 2017-07-14 [2019-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-12）.. ... Golder, M. Explaining Variation in the Success of Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe. Comparative Political Studies. 2003 ...
https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/右翼民粹主義
V-2 rocketV-2 rocket
The painting of the operational V-2s was mostly a ragged-edged pattern with several variations, but at the end of the war a ... Major-General Rossmann, the Army Weapons Office department chief, recommended stationing observers in the target area - c. May/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V2_rocket
Auriga (constellation)Auriga (constellation)
However, it appears to be elongated in an amateur telescope.[109] Some observers may note a green hue in the nebula; a large ... variations include efang alul, evang-el-ul, and iefangel uul), meaning "north of Aldebaran".[33] Different names were noted for ... Because of its northern declination, Auriga is only visible in its entirety as far south as -34°; for observers farther south ... Though there were only a few visual observers for part of the outburst, the 1994 Aurigids peak, which lasted less than two ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auriga_
Browsing by Subject Observer VariationBrowsing by Subject "Observer Variation"
Interobserver variations in reporting of prostatic adenocarcinoma using core biopsy specimens: a retrospective study from a ...
https://apps.who.int/iris/browse?authority=Observer+Variation&type=mesh
Browsing by Subject Observer VariationBrowsing by Subject "Observer Variation"
Interobserver variations in reporting of prostatic adenocarcinoma using core biopsy specimens: a retrospective study from a ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Observer+Variation&type=mesh
Iterative observer-based state and parameter estimation for linear systems | ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of...Iterative observer-based state and parameter estimation for linear systems | ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of...
Optimisation and Calculus of Variations (ESAIM: COCV) publishes rapidly and efficiently papers and surveys in the areas of ... ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations (ESAIM: COCV). Editor-in-Chief: Emmanuel TRÉLAT - Editorial board. ISSN ... Iterative observer-based state and parameter estimation for linear systems★ Atte Aalto1,2a,** ...
https://www.esaim-cocv.org/articles/cocv/abs/2018/01/cocv160131/cocv160131.html
Which activity index for ulcerative colitis? evaluation of the size and effect of inter observer variation in clinical,...
Which activity index for ulcerative colitis? evaluation of the size and effect of inter_observer variation in clinical, ... Which activity index for ulcerative colitis? evaluation of the size and effect of inter_observer variation in clinical, ...
https://www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk/publications/66789
Observer variation in assessment of results of surgery for peptic ulceration. - [scite report]Observer variation in assessment of results of surgery for peptic ulceration. - [scite report]
Visick.1 As little has been done to assess the reproducibility of these methods of assessment we carried out observer variation ... To reduce observer variation [43]. all members of the group had been trained in systematic follow-up [91] and endoscopy during ... Observer variability in the assessment of clinical probability in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Leclercq1, ... help to reduce observer error in grading (De Dombal and Horrocks, 1975). There was no significant difference between the two ...
https://scite.ai/reports/observer-variation-in-assessment-of-RlP50D
Observer-Online-April2019-MentorAwards-Mark - Association for Psychological Science - APSObserver-Online-April2019-MentorAwards-Mark - Association for Psychological Science - APS
New Report Finds "Gaps and Variation" in Behavioral Science at NIH A new NIH report emphasizes the importance of behavioral ... Observer-Online-April2019-MentorAwards-Mark. APS regularly opens certain online articles for discussion on our website. ...
https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/2019-aps-mentor-awards/attachment/observer-online-april2019-mentorawards-mark
IMSEAR at SEARO: Observer variation in quantitative assessment of retinal shortening with ultrasound in patients of total...
Observer variation in quantitative assessment of retinal shortening with ultrasound in patients of total rhegmatogenous retinal ... Takkar B, Gaur N, Obedulla H, Chauhan RC, Temkar S, Venkatesh P, Chawla R, Kumar A. Observer variation in quantitative ... Ultrasound was used to calculate RCR in 50 eyes with total RRD by two observers. Both observers were trained after the first ... Purpose: To evaluate the interobserver variation in the assessment of retinal length to choroidal length ratio (RCR) as a ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/196816?mode=full
Bringing Science to Society - Association for Psychological Science - APSBringing Science to Society - Association for Psychological Science - APS
Observer. , 2007. , September. , Bringing Science to Society. Member Article. Bringing Science to Society. Katherine K. Byrd ... New Report Finds "Gaps and Variation" in Behavioral Science at NIH A new NIH report emphasizes the importance of behavioral ... Observer. , 2007. , September. , Bringing Science to Society. APS regularly opens certain online articles for discussion on our ...
https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/bringing-science-to-society
Predicting Geographic Variation in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Colombia - Volume 10, Number 4-April 2004 - Emerging Infectious...
The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33:159-74. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... The Andean region encompasses wide variations in elevation, which is the principal determinant of variation in temperature, and ... Predicting Geographic Variation in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Colombia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2004;10(4):598-607. doi: ... Predictions of Variation in Incidence Rates. Regression of log-transformed incidence data in positive municipalities against ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/4/03-0241_article
Interstitial (Nonidiopathic) Pulmonary Fibrosis: Background, Pathophysiology, EtiologyInterstitial (Nonidiopathic) Pulmonary Fibrosis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Inter-observer variation between pathologists in diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Thorax. 2004 Jun. 59(6):500-5. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/301337-99815/what-are-diffuse-parenchymal-lung-diseases-dplds
Value of spontaneous hyperdensity of cerebral venous thrombosis on helical CTValue of spontaneous hyperdensity of cerebral venous thrombosis on helical CT
Observer Variation * ROC Curve * Retrospective Studies * Sensitivity and Specificity * Tomography, Spiral Computed / methods* ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24277885/?dopt=Abstract
DeCS 2006 - Deleted termsDeCS 2006 - Deleted terms
Methods and Procedures Variations. Observer Variation. Nonparametric Methods. Statistical Analysis. Observation Variations. ...
https://decs.bvs.br/I/del_i2006.htm
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
Observer Variation; Pneumoconiosis; Radiographic Assessment; Standard Chest Radiographs; X-ray Categories ...
http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=pneumoconiosis&f1=%2A&Startyear=&Adv=0&terms=1&EndYear=&Limit=10000&sort=&D1=10&PageNo=45&RecNo=441&View=f&
Interstitial (Nonidiopathic) Pulmonary Fibrosis Medication: Corticosteroids, Immunosuppressants, Anti-inflammatories, Pulmonary...Interstitial (Nonidiopathic) Pulmonary Fibrosis Medication: Corticosteroids, Immunosuppressants, Anti-inflammatories, Pulmonary...
Inter-observer variation between pathologists in diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Thorax. 2004 Jun. 59(6):500-5. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/301337-medication
RealClimate: Unforced Variations: May 2022RealClimate: Unforced Variations: May 2022
Observer says 12 May 2022 at 1:02 AM. Volcano Tonga ejected huge amounts of water into the upper stratosphere. Some scientists ... Back in the day, one of the goals of setting up the Forced Variations threads was to segregate the more contentious arguments ... https://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2022/02/unforced-variations-feb-2022/#comment-801955 ...
https://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2022/05/unforced-variations-may-2022/
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Categories: Observer Variation Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted ...
https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Observer+Variation&parentid=8243&catid=28497
Inter- and intra-observer variation of schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures and morphological characteristics...Inter- and intra-observer variation of schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures and morphological characteristics...
... and intra-observer variation. The inter-observer variation is greater than the intra-observer variation. The observers show a ... and intra-observer variations. The variations are more in inter-observer analysis than in intra-observer analysis. [Table 3] ... The intra-observer variation (kappa 0.71) was found to be greater than the inter-observer variation (kappa 0.41). The ... Thus, incorrect responses show less intra-observer variation than inter-observer variation. The level of expertise was not an ...
https://www.jotr.in/article.asp?issn=0975-7341
Observer bias in randomized clinical trials with measurement scale outcomes: a systematic review of trials with both blinded...Observer bias in randomized clinical trials with measurement scale outcomes: a systematic review of trials with both blinded...
... as surrogate markers for risk of observer bias. Similarly, training non-blinded observers to reduce interobserver variation39 ... In addition, for each trial, we evaluated 3 characteristics of the outcomes that could possibly explain variations in observer ... Observer bias can be perceived as the result of the interaction between observers predispositions and the subjectivity of the ... Our secondary objective was to examine reasons for variation in observer bias. ...
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/185/4/e201
WikiLeaks Julian Assange Faces Possible Criminal Trial | ObserverWikiLeaks' Julian Assange Faces Possible Criminal Trial | Observer
Something healthy while he prepares for variations of the worst. He hasnt slept well a its hard not to know what will happen ... How Do I Whitelist Observer? How Do I Whitelist Observer?. Below are steps you can take in order to whitelist Observer.com on ... Emily Lembo for Observer. He could be pardoned even without having committed a crime, simply to ensure his safety, just as ... Click the AdBlock Plus button on your browser and select Disable on Observer.com. ...
https://observer.com/2016/11/julian-assange-whose-wikileaks-played-a-pivotal-role-in-us-election-faces-possible-criminal-trial/
The Hate Crime Strategic Partnership Group: terms of reference - gov.scotThe Hate Crime Strategic Partnership Group: terms of reference - gov.scot
variations in sex characteristics. Attending meetings of the SPG in observer status: ...
https://www.gov.scot/publications/the-hate-crime-strategic-partnership-group-terms-of-reference/
Campagne dobservation de b Per, étoile triple à éclipses - Spectroscopy and photometry - AstrosurfCampagne d'observation de b Per, étoile triple à éclipses - Spectroscopy and photometry - Astrosurf
New observers are welcome - especially Asian and Pacific observers to help fill the gaps in the transit light curves. ... The close-orbiting binary pair shows ellipsoidal variation of about 0.06 magnitude peak-to-peak. The AAVSO has discovered that ... Nous avons pu observer une éclipse principale fin décembre 2021, et cette fois, il sagit de se consacrer à lobservation de ... "Observers are asked to obtain high-resolution time-series observations of long duration (several hours) in V (or the green ...
http://www.astrosurf.com/topic/157174-campagne-dobservation-de-b-per-%C3%A9toile-triple-%C3%A0-%C3%A9clipses/?tab=comments#comment-2223907
WHO EMRO | Prevalence of child abuse and its association with depression among first year students of Kuwait University: a...
Kappa statistics were used to measure intra-observer variation. For physical abuse items, apart from Question 22 (hit or ... However, variations in rates are expected when using different methods and instruments so comparisons may be misleading. ...
http://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-26-2020/volume-26-issue-8/prevalence-of-child-abuse-and-its-association-with-depression-among-first-year-students-of-kuwait-university-a-cross-sectional-study.html
More on Racial Cuckoldry and Racial Mimicry - The Occidental ObserverMore on Racial Cuckoldry and Racial Mimicry - The Occidental Observer
There is variation within groups as well. This means that even in mono-ethnic extended families, you can have different NRY or ... But it is reasonable to believe that readers of The Occidental Observer care about adaptive behavior, even if they may not ...
https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2009/10/27/more-on-racial-cuckoldry-and-racial-mimicry/
Regional Coupon Insert Variations 10/02Regional Coupon Insert Variations 10/02
Charlotte Observer (thanks, Tracy!). Raleigh News & Observer (thanks, Cathy!). South Carolina. The Post and Courier (thanks, ... In turn you can then have shopping lists that only show the coupons in your area! Take a look at the coupon insert variations ... Each week volunteers send in insert variation lists to show exactly what coupons were in their papers. I take these and put ... Regional Coupon Insert Variations 10/02. on 10.5.2022 at 4:39pm ... Home , Weekly Inserts , Regional Coupon Insert Variations 10/02 ...
https://www.southernsavers.com/regional-coupon-insert-variations-2022-10-02/
Lene Theil Skovgaard - ResultatLene Theil Skovgaard - Resultat
Observer variation.. ID: 7915. Flest downloads. * 2408 downloads Effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone and vitamin D ...
https://forskning.ku.dk/soeg/result/?pure=da%2Fpersons%2Flene-theil-skovgaard
All The Apple Stores in China Are Open - The Mac ObserverAll The Apple Stores in China Are Open - The Mac Observer
Many are allowing customers from 10 am, although there are some variations. They will close at 8 pm. However, At the time of ...
https://www.macobserver.com/news/all-the-apple-stores-in-china-are-open/
QUINCY REYES Archives - The ObserverQUINCY REYES Archives - The Observer
New York Rock Exchange: Understanding the Geological Variations of Central Park October 28, 2022 ... Quincy Reyes (he/him), FCLC 24, is an assistant copy editor at The Observer. He is currently double-majoring in journalism and ... Take a minute to play The Observers Daily Mini Crossword, posted everyday at 12:00 A.M. ...
https://fordhamobserver.com/staff_name/quincy-reyes/
Robin Sellar - Research output - University of Edinburgh Research Explorer
Outcome, observer reliability, and patient preferences if CTA, MRA, or Doppler ultrasound were used, individually or together, ... Interobserver variability of magnetic resonance angiography in the diagnosis of carotid stenosis--effect of observer experience ...
https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/persons/robin-sellar/publications/?type=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fresearchoutput%2Fresearchoutputtypes%2Fcontributiontojournal%2Farticle&ordering=publicationYearThenTitle&descending=false
KappaInterobserver variationQuantitativeHumansMeasurementsBehaviorEclipsesVariabilityIdeal observerAssessmentQuantifyRelyMethodsDifferencesResultsClassificationTemperatureObservationsEstimatesApparentAnalysisGreaterStudiesHumanShowsFindingsStateModelPerformanceUniqueSubjectShowHugeTestImageEffectEvaluationPeopleWeekHighVideoGroup
Kappa5
  • The intra- and inter-observer variations were calculated using the kappa test of Cohen. (jotr.in)
  • The mean kappa values for five observers (A to E) for inter-observer agreement on Schatzker classification were 0.41 (moderate). (jotr.in)
  • The mean kappa value for intra-observer agreement was 0.71 (substantial). (jotr.in)
  • The intra-observer variation (kappa 0.71) was found to be greater than the inter-observer variation (kappa 0.41). (jotr.in)
  • RESULTS Initially, kappa values between the observers were 0.20, 0.42, and 0.26, which are too low to be of value. (bmj.com)
Interobserver variation1
  • Purpose: To evaluate the interobserver variation in the assessment of retinal length to choroidal length ratio (RCR) as a marker for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). (who.int)
Quantitative2
  • Takkar B, Gaur N, Obedulla H, Chauhan RC, Temkar S, Venkatesh P, Chawla R, Kumar A. Observer variation in quantitative assessment of retinal shortening with ultrasound in patients of total rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. (who.int)
  • In several interlocking discrimination experiments with three male observers, we confirm this link and determine the quantitative impact of each candidate performance-limiting factor. (jneurosci.org)
Humans4
  • Here, however, we show that when the complexity of image variations is high, even this approach results in poor performance compared to humans. (frontiersin.org)
  • Comparing the performance of several object recognition models with human observers shows that only in low-level image variations the models perform similar to humans in categorization tasks. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, the results of our behavioral experiments demonstrate that, even under difficult experimental conditions (i.e., briefly presented masked stimuli with complex image variations), human observers performed outstandingly well, suggesting that the models are still far from resembling humans in invariant object recognition. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we develop a model of humans based on an image-computable (images in, estimates out) Bayesian ideal observer. (jneurosci.org)
Measurements1
  • More automated tools for analysis can help reduce the variation due to observers and make measurements more objective and repeatable. (nr.no)
Behavior2
  • The wide geographic variation in the ecology and behavior of vectors, pathogens, reservoirs, and persons is likely to cause corresponding variation in cost-effectiveness of control measures ( 16 ). (cdc.gov)
  • But it is reasonable to believe that readers of The Occidental Observer care about adaptive behavior, even if they may not specifically use that "scientific" term to describe their interests in familial and racial continuity. (theoccidentalobserver.net)
Eclipses2
  • The light curves show out-of-eclipse ellipsoidal variations as well as relatively deep eclipses during the transits. (astrosurf.com)
  • Battling cobras, tigers, cholera, and sunstroke-"less fortunate parties" even faced "epidemics" and "small wars," perhaps suggesting Indiana Jones and the City of Eclipses -these expeditionary eclipse observers soon established a "standard form" for the camps. (bldgblog.com)
Variability2
  • 6 Observer variability in the assessment of clinical probability in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism Assessment of the clinical pretest probability in patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism (PE), based on clinical judgement alone (further referred to as Ôclinical probability estimateÕ) or a structured prediction model, in order to guide further diagnostic testing has aroused new interest. (scite.ai)
  • This study demonstrates that the metal artefact reduction software reduces the error in CT numbers, can improve delineation accuracy, and can reduce inter-observer variability. (phiro.science)
Ideal observer1
  • Modern applications rely heavily on threshold measurement, ideal observer analysis, and signal detection theory. (kattrahill.com)
Assessment1
  • Observer variation in assessment of results of surgery for peptic ulceration. (scite.ai)
Quantify2
  • The authors' remedies include a "noise audit" to measure the degree of disagreement on the same cases, to quantify the variation that is usually invisible. (economist.com)
  • Better understanding of dental variations between groups: The aim is to identify and quantify differences in tooth development between genders and ethnic groups, and the impact of this on estimated age from teeth. (nr.no)
Rely1
  • I think we have enough tests that rely on observers. (mozilla.org)
Methods2
  • Methods: a trained observer analyzed 212 temporomandibular joint images (134 at 0.5T and 78 at 1.5T) and diagnosed the presence or absence of nine conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is important to find approaches that can help reduce the uncertainty that will always be related to the age estimate, i.e., variations due to reference data, observers and methods. (nr.no)
Differences2
  • We pooled the differences in effect size using inverse variance random-effects meta-analysis and used metaregression to identify potential reasons for variation. (cmaj.ca)
  • We examined the effects of seasonal differences and variations in weather and temperature on adults' trail use. (cdc.gov)
Results4
  • Observer variation, while demonstrably present, is unlikely to have materially biased the main study results. (urotoday.com)
  • Regional results also showed variations in regional ranking. (rappler.com)
  • This paper is focused on preliminary cognitive and consciousness test results from using an Independent Core Observer Model Cognitive Architecture (ICOM) in a Mediated Artificial Super Intelligence (mASI) System. (transhumanity.net)
  • For full details of the experimental framework used in this study see: "Preliminary Mediated Artificial Superintelligence Study, Experimental Framework, and Definitions for an Independent Core Observer Model Cognitive Architecture-based System" (Kelley) used in this study and the results articulated here. (transhumanity.net)
Classification3
  • There is little information regarding inter- and intra-observer variation when classifying tibial plateau fractures using Schatzker classification system. (jotr.in)
  • There is inter- and intra-observer variation in Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fracture. (jotr.in)
  • The practicability of the classification was tested, and a study made of observer variations during extensive reading trials carried out in 1967 and 1968. (cdc.gov)
Temperature4
  • We used the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities to examine the association between variations in natural elements (ie, season, weather, and temperature) and adults' use of a rail-trail in South Carolina (2006-2009). (cdc.gov)
  • to assess trail user demographics and behaviors (determined by trained observers) and to record variations in season, weather, and temperature. (cdc.gov)
  • The observers also coded the season, weather, and temperature during each observation period. (cdc.gov)
  • The architecture itself was hyper-specialized, designed to assist in recording the Apollonian withdrawal of the total eclipse: "The sensitivity and precision of astrophysical instruments created a demand for spaces that protected them from temperature variations, damp, vibration, and other distractions," Pang writes. (bldgblog.com)
Observations3
  • En haut, les observations, en bas : la prévision. (astrosurf.com)
  • for observations between observers were greater than 0.90 for each variable for all observers. (cdc.gov)
  • Observers visited the trail alone and made observations for 10 minutes at 6 access points on the trail in the morning (7:30 am), at noon (12:30 pm), and during the afternoon (3:30 pm) and evening (6:00 pm). (cdc.gov)
Estimates1
  • The aim is to understand variations and agreement between these estimates. (nr.no)
Apparent3
  • The variations can range from gross deviations apparent to the untrained observer to very subtle minutiae. (wikipedia.org)
  • The apparent magnitude then includes the actual meteor-observer distance ratio as a correction term. (spaceacademy.net.au)
  • M v = 6.8 - 2.5 log 10 ( I h o 2 / h 2 ) where h o is a reference height of 100 km The squared altitude ratio takes into account the apparent magnitude change due to the distance from the observer, but is only correct for an observer directly below the meteor. (spaceacademy.net.au)
Analysis1
  • The preliminary study analysis of the "mediated" artificial intelligence system based on the Independent Core Observer Model (ICOM) cognitive architecture for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is designed to determine if this modified ICOM version is, in fact, a form of AGI and Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) and to what extent, at least sufficient to indicate if additional research is warranted. (transhumanity.net)
Greater2
  • Perhaps because Ōtsuka did not provide specific notes for the performance of these other kata in his text, there is greater variation in these other kata across organizations and schools. (wikipedia.org)
  • When Discovery purchased out CNN's earlier corporate owner, AT&T, many observers considered CNN+ would at some point be absorbed into a greater application that also had entertainment choices. (birdflumanual.com)
Studies1
  • However, few studies have focused on variations in SOII underreporting across states . (cdc.gov)
Human1
  • It's worth the ride just to see the infinite variations of the human spirit. (marysarthritis.com)
Shows1
  • The close-orbiting binary pair shows ellipsoidal variation of about 0.06 magnitude peak-to-peak. (astrosurf.com)
Findings1
  • To make sense of these findings, it is important to remember that most observers think that the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) provides a good count of traumatic occupational deaths, while there are many concerns about underreporting in the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII). (cdc.gov)
State1
  • The problem is the huge variation in the state laws about exactly what is reported and to whom. (medscape.com)
Model2
  • Please refer to the following for details on the mASI architecture: "Architectural Overview of a "Mediated" Artificial Super Intelligent Systems based on the Independent Core Observer Model Cognitive Architecture" (Kelley). (transhumanity.net)
  • This model traces the variation of the meteoroid velocity, decleration, mass and visual radiation with time. (spaceacademy.net.au)
Performance1
  • A major report into hospital performance uncovers huge variations across the NHS. (blogs.com)
Unique1
  • The observer of the unique musical anhedonia decided that man or woman variations concerning musical rewards were associated with the purposeful connectivity (individual patterns of neuronal activation in entire mind regions) within the auditory cortex, mainly the supratemporal auditory cortex, and a critical part in a profitable manner, the ventral striatum. (dawrimiz.com)
Subject1
  • Price may be subject to variation dependent on strap fastening (pin buckle or folding clasp). (glashuette-original.com)
Show2
  • Each week volunteers send in insert variation lists to show exactly what coupons were in their papers. (southernsavers.com)
  • We show that this approach is not of significant help in solving the computational crux of object recognition (i.e., invariant object recognition) when the identity-preserving image variations become more complex. (frontiersin.org)
Huge1
  • CNN+ has a handful of its own news systems, documentaries and communicate displays and huge names like Chris Wallace, Anderson Cooper and Jemele Hill but, since of cable and satellite contracts, could not supply a streamed variation of what most folks know CNN for, the television network's steady information coverage. (birdflumanual.com)
Test1
  • The geographical variation in the prevalence of asthma 4 may to some extent be explained by variation in the incidence of adult asthma or in the prognosis of childhood asthma, but a standardised methodology is required to test these hypotheses. (ersjournals.com)
Image2
  • Although recent computational models have shown outstanding performances on challenging image databases, they fail to perform well in image categorization under more complex image variations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Each observer indicated which image of the pair appeared at a higher resolution. (researchgate.net)
Effect1
  • In varying degrees of sun elevation, this form of scattering can create the inverse effect of backscatter by creating an abnormal distribution of light across an object's surface, causing light to refract in a different direction that does not reach the observer and concealing the object completely. (kattrahill.com)
Evaluation1
  • Observer variation in MRI evaluation of patients suspected of lumbar disk herniation. (medigraphic.com)
People1
  • But it turns out there is plenty of variation in how people see the world-both between individuals and between different cultural groups. (scientificamerican.com)
Week1
  • A more recent point of comparison is with the collections of random imagery presented every week on Design Observer, first by Eric Baker ( Today ) and now by John Foster ( Accidental Mysteries ). (designobserver.com)
High1
  • High-tech vote watching: Going beyond 60-30-10 ) It was this process, these minute variations, that were not observed this year because of the system malfunction. (rappler.com)
Video2
  • In an interview with Youth Observer, happy bubbly, Shehara Jayatilaka speaks about her recent artistic milestone Loved for Eternity, her debut music video which happens to be the first ever heavy metal music video released by a female soloist in Sri Lanka now available on YouTube.com/Shehara. (sundayobserver.lk)
  • The reader/player perception is founded on an often sequential reading, but follows an overall sequence with a micro-level variation, within comic pages or video game sequences, where the spatial areas must be re-covered or re-read. (imagetextjournal.com)
Group1