Breast: In humans, one of the paired regions in the anterior portion of the THORAX. The breasts consist of the MAMMARY GLANDS, the SKIN, the MUSCLES, the ADIPOSE TISSUE, and the CONNECTIVE TISSUES.Breast Diseases: Pathological processes of the BREAST.Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast: An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.Sucking Behavior: Any suction exerted by the mouth; response of the mammalian infant to draw milk from the breast. Includes sucking on inanimate objects. Not to be used for thumb sucking, which is indexed under fingersucking.Lanolin: A yellow fat obtained from sheep's wool. It is used as an emollient, cosmetic, and pharmaceutic aid.Papilloma, Intraductal: A small, often impalpable benign papilloma arising in a lactiferous duct and frequently causing bleeding from the nipple. (Stedman, 25th ed)Body Fluids: Liquid components of living organisms.Exudates and Transudates: Exudates are fluids, CELLS, or other cellular substances that are slowly discharged from BLOOD VESSELS usually from inflamed tissues. Transudates are fluids that pass through a membrane or squeeze through tissue or into the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE of TISSUES. Transudates are thin and watery and contain few cells or PROTEINS.Mammography: Radiographic examination of the breast.Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating: A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma.Mammaplasty: Surgical reconstruction of the breast including both augmentation and reduction.Linuron: A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)Mammary Glands, Human: Glandular tissue in the BREAST of human that is under the influence of hormones such as ESTROGENS; PROGESTINS; and PROLACTIN. In WOMEN, after PARTURITION, the mammary glands secrete milk (MILK, HUMAN) for the nourishment of the young.Breast Implants: Implants used to reconstruct and/or cosmetically enhance the female breast. They have an outer shell or envelope of silicone elastomer and are filled with either saline or silicone gel. The outer shell may be either smooth or textured.Breast Neoplasms, Male: Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being about 1% of that in females.Therapeutic Irrigation: The washing of a body cavity or surface by flowing water or solution for therapy or diagnosis.Maternal-Child Nursing: The nursing specialty that deals with the care of women throughout their pregnancy and childbirth and the care of their newborn children.Breast Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.Mastectomy: Surgical procedure to remove one or both breasts.Lingual Frenum: MUCOUS MEMBRANE extending from floor of mouth to the under-surface of the tongue.Breast Feeding: The nursing of an infant at the breast.Diaper Rash: A type of irritant dermatitis localized to the area in contact with a diaper and occurring most often as a reaction to prolonged contact with urine, feces, or retained soap or detergent.Fibrocystic Breast Disease: A common and benign breast disease characterized by varying degree of fibrocystic changes in the breast tissue. There are three major patterns of morphological changes, including FIBROSIS, formation of CYSTS, and proliferation of glandular tissue (adenosis). The fibrocystic breast has a dense irregular, lumpy, bumpy consistency.Bodily Secretions: Endogenous substances produced through the activity of intact cells of glands, tissues, or organs.Mastectomy, Subcutaneous: Excision of breast tissue with preservation of overlying skin, nipple, and areola so that breast form may be reconstructed.Genitalia, Male: The male reproductive organs. They are divided into the external organs (PENIS; SCROTUM;and URETHRA) and the internal organs (TESTIS; EPIDIDYMIS; VAS DEFERENS; SEMINAL VESICLES; EJACULATORY DUCTS; PROSTATE; and BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS).Biopsy, Needle: Removal and examination of tissue obtained through a transdermal needle inserted into the specific region, organ, or tissue being analyzed.Cytodiagnosis: Diagnosis of the type and, when feasible, the cause of a pathologic process by means of microscopic study of cells in an exudate or other form of body fluid. (Stedman, 26th ed)Mastectomy, Segmental: Removal of only enough breast tissue to ensure that the margins of the resected surgical specimen are free of tumor.Lactation: The processes of milk secretion by the maternal MAMMARY GLANDS after PARTURITION. The proliferation of the mammary glandular tissue, milk synthesis, and milk expulsion or let down are regulated by the interactions of several hormones including ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; PROLACTIN; and OXYTOCIN.Tumor Markers, Biological: Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.Receptors, Estrogen: Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.Drinking Behavior: Behaviors associated with the ingesting of water and other liquids; includes rhythmic patterns of drinking (time intervals - onset and duration), frequency and satiety.Nipple Aspirate Fluid: Fluid collected from nipple by gentle aspiration. The fluid contains cells and extracellular fluid from the breast ductal epithelium.Carcinoma in Situ: A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.Nipples: The conic organs which usually give outlet to milk from the mammary glands.Carcinoma, Lobular: A infiltrating (invasive) breast cancer, relatively uncommon, accounting for only 5%-10% of breast tumors in most series. It is often an area of ill-defined thickening in the breast, in contrast to the dominant lump characteristic of ductal carcinoma. It is typically composed of small cells in a linear arrangement with a tendency to grow around ducts and lobules. There is likelihood of axillary nodal involvement with metastasis to meningeal and serosal surfaces. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1205)Mastitis: INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.Tissue Expansion Devices: Devices used to generate extra soft tissue in vivo to be used in surgical reconstructions. They exert stretching forces on the tissue and thus stimulate new growth and result in TISSUE EXPANSION. They are commonly inflatable reservoirs, usually made of silicone, which are implanted under the tissue and gradually inflated. Other tissue expanders exert stretching forces by attaching to outside of the body, for example, vacuum tissue expanders. Once the tissue has grown, the expander is removed and the expanded tissue is used to cover the area being reconstructed.Mastectomy, Simple: Removal of only the breast tissue and nipple and a small portion of the overlying skin.Suction: The removal of secretions, gas or fluid from hollow or tubular organs or cavities by means of a tube and a device that acts on negative pressure.Apocrine Glands: Large, branched, specialized sweat glands that empty into the upper portion of a HAIR FOLLICLE instead of directly onto the SKIN.Gynecomastia: Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally observed in NEWBORNS; ADOLESCENT; and AGING males.Vacuum: A space in which the pressure is far below atmospheric pressure so that the remaining gases do not affect processes being carried on in the space.Cell Line, Tumor: A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.Hypertrichosis: Excessive hair growth at inappropriate locations, such as on the extremities, the head, and the back. It is caused by genetic or acquired factors, and is an androgen-independent process. This concept does not include HIRSUTISM which is an androgen-dependent excess hair growth in WOMEN and CHILDREN.Premenopause: The period before MENOPAUSE. In premenopausal women, the climacteric transition from full sexual maturity to cessation of ovarian cycle takes place between the age of late thirty and early fifty.Milk, HumanReceptor, erbB-2: A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. It has extensive homology to and heterodimerizes with the EGF RECEPTOR, the ERBB-3 RECEPTOR, and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member.Apolipoproteins D: A glycoprotein component of HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS that transports small hydrophobic ligands including CHOLESTEROL and STEROLS. It occurs in the macromolecular complex with LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE. Apo D is expressed in and secreted from a variety of tissues such as liver, placenta, brain tissue and others.Body Piercing: The perforation of an anatomical region for the wearing of jewelry.Bottle Feeding: Use of nursing bottles for feeding. Applies to humans and animals.Breast Self-Examination: The inspection of one's breasts, usually for signs of disease, especially neoplastic disease.Radiographic Image Enhancement: Improvement in the quality of an x-ray image by use of an intensifying screen, tube, or filter and by optimum exposure techniques. Digital processing methods are often employed.Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted: Computer systems or networks designed to provide radiographic interpretive information.Receptors, Progesterone: Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.Neoplasm Invasiveness: Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Mammary Glands, Animal: MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.Endoscopy: Procedures of applying ENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopy involves passing an optical instrument through a small incision in the skin i.e., percutaneous; or through a natural orifice and along natural body pathways such as the digestive tract; and/or through an incision in the wall of a tubular structure or organ, i.e. transluminal, to examine or perform surgery on the interior parts of the body.Tamoxifen: One of the SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS with tissue-specific activities. Tamoxifen acts as an anti-estrogen (inhibiting agent) in the mammary tissue, but as an estrogen (stimulating agent) in cholesterol metabolism, bone density, and cell proliferation in the ENDOMETRIUM.Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Surgical Flaps: Tongues of skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle, cut away from the underlying parts but often still attached at one end. They retain their own microvasculature which is also transferred to the new site. They are often used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region.Prognosis: A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.Carcinoma: A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Abnormalities, Drug-Induced: Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Lymphatic Metastasis: Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.Mastodynia: Pain in the breast generally classified as cyclical (associated with menstrual periods), or noncyclical, i.e. originating from the breast or nearby muscles or joints, ranging from minor discomfort to severely incapacitating.Anal Canal: The terminal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, beginning from the ampulla of the RECTUM and ending at the anus.Case-Control Studies: Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.Silicones: A broad family of synthetic organosiloxane polymers containing a repeating silicon-oxygen backbone with organic side groups attached via carbon-silicon bonds. Depending on their structure, they are classified as liquids, gels, and elastomers. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)Seroma: Tumor-like sterile accumulation of serum in a tissue, organ, or cavity. It results from a tissue insult and is the product of tissue inflammation. It most commonly occurs following MASTECTOMY.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.Ultrasonography, Mammary: Use of ultrasound for imaging the breast. The most frequent application is the diagnosis of neoplasms of the female breast.Cystadenoma: A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)Biopsy: Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.Neoplasm Metastasis: The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Genes, BRCA1: A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human CHROMOSOME 17 at locus 17q21. Mutations of this gene are associated with the formation of HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER SYNDROME. It encodes a large nuclear protein that is a component of DNA repair pathways.Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal: Antineoplastic agents that are used to treat hormone-sensitive tumors. Hormone-sensitive tumors may be hormone-dependent, hormone-responsive, or both. A hormone-dependent tumor regresses on removal of the hormonal stimulus, by surgery or pharmacological block. Hormone-responsive tumors may regress when pharmacologic amounts of hormones are administered regardless of whether previous signs of hormone sensitivity were observed. The major hormone-responsive cancers include carcinomas of the breast, prostate, and endometrium; lymphomas; and certain leukemias. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1994, p2079)Mass Screening: Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Reproducibility of Results: The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.Neoplasm Staging: Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.Animal Husbandry: The science of breeding, feeding and care of domestic animals; includes housing and nutrition.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Parity: The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.Postmenopause: The physiological period following the MENOPAUSE, the permanent cessation of the menstrual life.Fiber Optic Technology: The technology of transmitting light over long distances through strands of glass or other transparent material.Maternal Exposure: Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein: A ubiquitously expressed, secreted protein with bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption activities that are similar to PARATHYROID HORMONE. It does not circulate in appreciable amounts in normal subjects, but rather exerts its biological actions locally. Overexpression of parathyroid hormone-related protein by tumor cells results in humoral calcemia of malignancy.Papilloma: A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)Manure: Accumulations of solid or liquid animal excreta usually from stables and barnyards with or without litter material. Its chief application is as a fertilizer. (From Webster's 3d ed)Postnatal Care: The care provided to women and their NEWBORNS for the first few months following CHILDBIRTH.Tumor Cells, Cultured: Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.Breast Cyst: A fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined by an EPITHELIUM and found in the BREAST. It may appear as a single large cyst in one breast, multifocal, or bilateral in FIBROCYSTIC BREAST DISEASE.Inhalation: The act of BREATHING in.Teratogens: An agent that causes the production of physical defects in the developing embryo.Androgen Antagonists: Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of androgens.Neoplasm Proteins: Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.Chemotherapy, Adjuvant: Drug therapy given to augment or stimulate some other form of treatment such as surgery or radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.MCF-7 Cells: An estrogen responsive cell line derived from a patient with metastatic human breast ADENOCARCINOMA (at the Michigan Cancer Foundation.)Fibroadenoma: An adenoma containing fibrous tissue. It should be differentiated from ADENOFIBROMA which is a tumor composed of connective tissue (fibroma) containing glandular (adeno-) structures. (From Dorland, 27th ed)Estrogen Receptor alpha: One of the ESTROGEN RECEPTORS that has marked affinity for ESTRADIOL. Its expression and function differs from, and in some ways opposes, ESTROGEN RECEPTOR BETA.Hyperplasia: An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.Estrogens: Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.Antineoplastic Agents: Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.Cohort Studies: Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.Epithelial Cells: Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.Age Factors: Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.Drinking: The consumption of liquids.Genitalia, Female: The female reproductive organs. The external organs include the VULVA; BARTHOLIN'S GLANDS; and CLITORIS. The internal organs include the VAGINA; UTERUS; OVARY; and FALLOPIAN TUBES.Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental: Experimentally induced mammary neoplasms in animals to provide a model for studying human BREAST NEOPLASMS.Postpartum Period: In females, the period that is shortly after giving birth (PARTURITION).Dilatation, Pathologic: The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.Relaxin: A water-soluble polypeptide (molecular weight approximately 8,000) extractable from the corpus luteum of pregnancy. It produces relaxation of the pubic symphysis and dilation of the uterine cervix in certain animal species. Its role in the human pregnant female is uncertain. (Dorland, 28th ed)Videotape Recording: Recording of visual and sometimes sound signals on magnetic tape.Risk Assessment: The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)Breast Implantation: Surgical insertion of an inert sac filled with silicone or other material to augment the female form cosmetically.BRCA2 Protein: A large, nuclear protein, encoded by the BRCA2 gene (GENE, BRCA2). Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. The BRCA2 protein is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev. 2000;14(11):1400-6)Menopause: The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.BRCA1 Protein: The phosphoprotein encoded by the BRCA1 gene (GENE, BRCA1). In normal cells the BRCA1 protein is localized in the nucleus, whereas in the majority of breast cancer cell lines and in malignant pleural effusions from breast cancer patients, it is localized mainly in the cytoplasm. (Science 1995;270(5237):713,789-91)Axilla: Area of the human body underneath the SHOULDER JOINT, also known as the armpit or underarm.Carcinoembryonic Antigen: A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.Genes, BRCA2: A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human chromosome 13 at locus 13q12.3. Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. It encodes a large, nuclear protein that is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev 2000;14(11):1400-6)Predictive Value of Tests: In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.Cell Proliferation: All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent: Certain tumors that 1, arise in organs that are normally dependent on specific hormones and 2, are stimulated or caused to regress by manipulation of the endocrine environment.Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted: Computer-assisted processing of electric, ultrasonic, or electronic signals to interpret function and activity.Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms: Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms: Metastatic breast cancer characterized by EDEMA and ERYTHEMA of the affected breast due to LYMPHATIC METASTASIS and eventual obstruction of LYMPHATIC VESSELS by the cancer cells.Genes, erbB-2: The erbB-2 gene is a proto-oncogene that codes for the erbB-2 receptor (RECEPTOR, ERBB-2), a protein with structural features similar to the epidermal growth factor receptor. Its name originates from the viral oncogene homolog (v-erbB) which is a truncated form of the chicken erbB gene found in the avian erythroblastosis virus. Overexpression and amplification of the gene is associated with a significant number of adenocarcinomas. The human c-erbB-2 gene is located at 17q21.2.Pattern Recognition, Automated: In INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, machine-sensing or identification of visible patterns (shapes, forms, and configurations). (Harrod's Librarians' Glossary, 7th ed)Carcinoma, Ductal: Malignant neoplasms involving the ductal systems of any of a number of organs, such as the MAMMARY GLANDS, the PANCREAS, the PROSTATE, or the LACRIMAL GLAND.Butterflies: Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.Weaning: Permanent deprivation of breast milk and commencement of nourishment with other food. (From Stedman, 25th ed)Aromatase Inhibitors: Compounds that inhibit AROMATASE in order to reduce production of estrogenic steroid hormones.Estrogen Antagonists: Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the action or biosynthesis of estrogenic compounds.Genetic Predisposition to Disease: A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.Carcinoma, Papillary: A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)Logistic Models: Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.Disease-Free Survival: Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Gene Expression Profiling: The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.Survival Analysis: A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.Adenoma: A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.Epidermis: The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).Mice, Nude: Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.Sexual Maturation: Achievement of full sexual capacity in animals and in humans.Algorithms: A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.Incidental Findings: Unanticipated information discovered in the course of testing or medical care. Used in discussions of information that may have social or psychological consequences, such as when it is learned that a child's biological father is someone other than the putative father, or that a person tested for one disease or disorder has, or is at risk for, something else.Receptors, Parathyroid Hormone: Cell surface proteins that bind PARATHYROID HORMONE with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Parathyroid hormone receptors on BONE; KIDNEY; and gastrointestinal cells mediate the hormone's role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis.Prostheses and Implants: Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.Drug Resistance, Neoplasm: Resistance or diminished response of a neoplasm to an antineoplastic agent in humans, animals, or cell or tissue cultures.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols: The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.Incidence: The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Estradiol: The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Feasibility Studies: Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.Risk: The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.Litter Size: The number of offspring produced at one birth by a viviparous animal.Hypertrophy: General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).Staphylococcal Skin Infections: Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.Phenotype: The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction: A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.Questionnaires: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.Artificial Intelligence: Theory and development of COMPUTER SYSTEMS which perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. Such tasks may include speech recognition, LEARNING; VISUAL PERCEPTION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; reasoning, PROBLEM SOLVING, DECISION-MAKING, and translation of language.Androgens: Compounds that interact with ANDROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of TESTOSTERONE. Depending on the target tissues, androgenic effects can be on SEX DIFFERENTIATION; male reproductive organs, SPERMATOGENESIS; secondary male SEX CHARACTERISTICS; LIBIDO; development of muscle mass, strength, and power.Mastectomy, Modified Radical: Total mastectomy with axillary node dissection, but with preservation of the pectoral muscles.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.DNA, Neoplasm: DNA present in neoplastic tissue.Reproduction: The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)Survival Rate: The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: A structurally diverse group of compounds distinguished from ESTROGENS by their ability to bind and activate ESTROGEN RECEPTORS but act as either an agonist or antagonist depending on the tissue type and hormonal milieu. They are classified as either first generation because they demonstrate estrogen agonist properties in the ENDOMETRIUM or second generation based on their patterns of tissue specificity. (Horm Res 1997;48:155-63)Pain: An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.Animals, Newborn: Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.Neoadjuvant Therapy: Preliminary cancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone/endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, etc.) that precedes a necessary second modality of treatment.Odds Ratio: The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Cyclophosphamide: Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.Information Storage and Retrieval: Organized activities related to the storage, location, search, and retrieval of information.Weight Gain: Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.Random Allocation: A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.Ovarian Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.Disease Progression: The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.Survivors: Persons who have experienced a prolonged survival after serious disease or who continue to live with a usually life-threatening condition as well as family members, significant others, or individuals surviving traumatic life events.Progesterone: The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.Bone Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.Adenofibroma: A benign neoplasm composed of glandular and fibrous tissues, with a relatively large proportion of glands. (Stedman, 25th ed)Multivariate Analysis: A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.Proportional Hazards Models: Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.Lymph Nodes: They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.
BreastfeedingBabies feed differently with artificial nipples than from a breast. With the breast, the infant's tongue massages the milk out ... thought that massage of the nipples before the birth of the baby would help to toughen them up and thus avoid possible nipple ... Breast-Feeding Content Resources WHO reports on Breast Feeding. *Breastfeeding and Breast Milk US National Institute of Health ... called the breast crawl[31] and begins to feed. After feeding, it is normal for a baby to remain latched to the breast while ...
Breast Feeding Q and A | VegWeb.com, The World's Largest Collection of Vegetarian RecipesBreastfeeding can be really difficult, especially without the support of other moms!Id love to open this thread as a place to ... My nipples were cracked, bleeding, sore, and horribly in pain...but then they toughen up and you cant feel anything. We are ... Most pediatricians push formula feeding over breastfeeding, even if they dont realized they are doing it. Its sad, but the ... Their mouths should cover most of the nipple, and their lips should be totally visable, (not tucked in.) Ask, ask, and ask for ...
Sore nipples? Pumping? - Breastfeeding - MedHelpMy little girl was only born on Aug 1st and I am having to resort to pumping to give her breast milk because the pain is so ... I have had my latch checked but am still getting sore cracked nipples. ... Im not really bothered by that except that I would like to be able to breast feed instead of feeding breast milk thru a bottle ... You need your nipples to toughen up and that going to happen by nursing through the pain. It will get better. Mine always take ...
Breast Changes | LHSCYour nipple and the dark area around the nipple, the areola, may increase in size and the colour becomes darker. Small glands ... These glands release an oily fluid that lubricates and protects the nipples. ... Your body prepares for breastfeeding while you are pregnant. Most breasts grow in size during the first few months of pregnancy ... Before you give birth, preparing your nipples for breastfeeding is not necessary. Rubbing or toughening your nipples removes ...
Breast changes from pregnancy to weaning | Medela... we explain how your breast structure changes and offer self-care tips. ... to after you stop breastfeeding your little one, ... Nipple formers If you have inverted or flat nipples, Medela ... And if anyone suggests toughening your nipples for breastfeeding by pinching or rubbing, ignore them! ... During the first three months or so of breastfeeding, your breasts will probably still feel quite full before a feed. As your ...
SORE Nipples -HELP!! - Mamapedia™I have been breastfeeding for 4 weeks and feels like... Find the best answer on Mamapedia - mom trusted since 2006. ... or did) when my youngest was breast feeding, my nipple literally tore. i cant tell you the amount of pain that i went thru each ... So, perhaps, they are just still tender and will toughen up soon. I did use a breast shield on one of my nipples when it was ... When I was breast feeding my son suck my nipples so hard i got sores and my doctor told me use A & D ointment which healed my ...
How to Survive the First Month of Breastfeeding | HubPagesKnowing how to ease the pain and initial problems of breastfeeding can turn it into a rewarding experience for Mother and Baby. ... Breastfeeding can be tough even on veteran Moms. ... Breastfeeding. Cant Breast Feed? How to Pump Exclusively. by ... The hospital gave me a good tip for sore nipples (from feeding), which was to put a bottle teat over the nipple and let the ... What I remember helping heal/toughen best was actual b. milk (express a little and rub on nipple). Learned that in a BF class ...
Your nipples will toughen up over time. (One day your baby will do a full 360 on your nipple and youll barely notice.) PurLan ... Breastfeeding is by far the best way to feed your baby. Even many manufacturers of baby formula are saying this! Breast milk is ... Washing nipples before each feeding makes breastfeeding unnecessarily complicated and washes away protective oils from the ... Breastfeeding has the word FEEDING in it for a reason. Ive yet to have a bad experience while breastfeeding in public, even ...
Expecting? 8 Breastfeeding Myths You Can Ignore - LansinohTime to separate fact from fiction! Here, we debunk the most common myths about breastfeeding. Myth 1: Theres nothing you can ... "Toughening" your nipples wont make breastfeeding any more of a breeze - in fact, it will only make that tender, already- ... Stretched skin and frequent feeding can be a tough combo for your delicate, sensitive skin. Turn to a nipple cream like ... FREE Breast Pump * Products Products * New Arrivals * Breast Pumps & Parts * Breast Care & Nursing Pads ...
How Breast-feeding Works | HowStuffWorksUnderstanding how breastfeeding works is information every nursing mother should know. Learn about breastfeeding and breast ... Many breastfeeding mothers experience sore nipples, fatigue, and doubts about milk supply. Your encouragement and nurturing ... To minimize the amount a bottle-fed baby swallows, try to always keep the nipple full of formula as you feed. Regardless of the ... This is natural; they arent accustomed to this type of work and need some time to toughen up. ...
MilkWorks : Education & Support : Breastfeeding Information Articles : Articles for THE BASICS OF BREASTFEEDING : Stages of...Offer your breast whenever your baby shows any feeding cues (smacking lips, licking, sucking, or looking for the breast), or at ... Your nipples do not require any special preparation to nurse. You do not need to rub them with a towel or "toughen them up." ... Some mothers may introduce a bottle with a slow flow nipple and use it when they must be away from baby. It is a good idea to ... Take a breastfeeding class, watch a breastfeeding video, read a breastfeeding book, attend a breastfeeding mothers group and ...
Having suffered with cracks and bleeding from week 1 of BF and having forced myself to drop the nipple shields, we now appear ... and the pain is all around the areola and nipple, but inside the breast rather than at skin level. The tip of the nipple is ... Please join us at the new LLLI Breastfeeding Support Community on Inspire.com, or in the LLLI Breastfeeding Support Facebook ... This feels very counterintuitive, but it really helps! Lean back a bit while you feed so that the baby is more on top and is ...
Breastmilk vs 'formula' foodHumans have been breastfeeding for nearly half a million years. Its only in the last 60 years that we have begun to give ... breastfeeding. Instead, many modern mothers practice mixed feeding - combining breastfeeding with artificial baby milks and ... In some hospitals, women are still advised to limit the amount of time, at first, that a baby sucks on each breast, to toughen ... which help it find the nipple) and muscle coordination (necessary to latch properly onto the breast) were severely impaired. ...
Babies feed differently with artificial nipples than from a breast. With the breast, the infants tongue massages the milk out ... thought that massage of the nipples before the birth of the baby would help to toughen them up and thus avoid possible nipple ... Breast-Feeding Content Resources WHO reports on Breast Feeding. *Breastfeeding and Breast Milk US National Institute of Health ... called the breast crawl[31] and begins to feed. After feeding, it is normal for a baby to remain latched to the breast while ...
I tried breastfeeding a few times while he was in the NICU, always with a nipple shield. Since he got home, Ive been ... I was encouraged to pump to get my milk supply started from the start, which I did and my baby was fed my milk in a bottle. ... It was quite uncomfortable from the start and caused pain on my right nipple. ... I had planned to breastfeed, but was not very educated about it. He was in the NICU for two weeks. ...
getting milk flow going...help! - Welcome to the Preeclampsia FoundationI still want to keep the option of bottle feeding her breast milk open. Problem is, I have never breastfed her successfuly. I ... As far as pain goes, I think that it just takes time for your nipples to toughen up. I used Lansinoh, which seemed to help. You ... As long as she is opening wide and her lips are flanged around the areola and not sucking on the nipple only, that should do it ... Sorry I should have added that putting her to the breast is the best way to get her the milk she needs but if that is not an ...
8. Care for your nipple skin. 9. Express some milk after each feed, rub it on your nipples and let it dry. This is a successful ... You may get sore nipples sooner than a schedule-feeding woman, but your soreness will disappear before hers, your breastfeeding ... and the good news is that their skin toughens as the days go by. Or your baby may have been feeding with the breast poorly ... 12. If your nipples dont stand out well, try using breast shells for half an hour before a feed. This lets your baby take a ...
Breastfeeding adviceCombining breast and bottle feeding is known as mixed feeding and allows other people, such as your partner, to feed the baby ... Although some pain is to be expected when you start breastfeeding, and nipples do eventually toughen up, pain can also indicate ... Uncomfortable, heavy and engorged breasts, sore or cracked nipples, block nipple ducts and thrush are just some of the things ... Keep persevering one feed at a time and try to find local breastfeeding clinics. Your breastfeeding journey is unique and you ...
Life with a Baby: Week 12 - Oh She GlowsThe cracked, bleeding nipples will go away soon! Just keep using nipple cream, and they will "toughen" up. Will Adriana move to ... Our baby did not or has not taken to bottle at all, I feel more comfortable breast feeding her. I tried to pump in the earlier ... My son was a lazy latched right from birth so I had to use a nipple shield to breastfeed him… Oh the stories. Hands waving, ... So I put on the nipple shields and I had instant relief - no more nipples rubbing against my bra or t-shirt! It was progress. ...
Helping mothers with breastfeeding - Selfsufficientish.comIt is painful in the first few weeks but your nipples toughen up, you get used to it and it becomes a wonderful painless ... I had cracked bleeding nipples and was in tears at feeding times from the pain. But the midwifes in the hospital and the ... and it says in most cases breastfeeding actually corrects this problem as the baby is sucking on the nipple and streching and ... breastfeeding counciler and of course from my wonderful mum who made a mad dash to the 24h supermarket to buy a breast pump at ...
Breastfeeding Support: Improving Quality And Quantity Of Breast Milk « Dr. Tori Hudson, N.D.Complications include breast pain, breast infection, cracked nipples and nipple pain. Each of these can be addressed by ... For many women, breast feeding proceeds with no difficulty and a plentiful supply of milk, along with comfort and ease for ... Soaps and other toughening techniques actually damage tissue and remove this necessary oil. During later pregnancy, hormonal ... One of the most common complaints in the first days of breastfeeding is nipple soreness. There is usually a transient nipple ...
Breastfeeding - BirthWays... "toughen up their nipples" but now research has shown, (thank heavens) that "nipple toughening" makes no difference. Here are ... No doubt, Giving-Breast-to-Baby offers the best, most nourishing noshings. So why then has feeding a nurseling in public become ... Breastfeeding is so much more than nutrition-its brain wiring!. 6. SCHEDULED OR FEED ON DEMAND. Baby led feeding is lovely! ... If you are breastfeeding, eating a nourishing diet not only helps you feel better, it can increase the quality of your breast ...
Pregnancy and breastfeeding breast myths. *Myth: Use a toothbrush or rough cloth to toughen up nipples for breastfeeding.There ... Support for breast changes in the third trimester. As the body prepares to feed the growing baby, the breasts again enter a ... Breast changes common in pregnancy- third trimester. *Some discharge or dried flakes of colostrum may be noticed on the nipple. ... breast changes, breast size and breastfeeding, Breastfeeding, breastfeeding and body changes, breastfeeding and pregnancy, Cake ...
Breast Care While Breastfeeding - BreastfeedingMothers often wonder if any special care or preparation of the breast is required for breastfeeding. Heres what you need to ... the nipples of the breast invert inward or do not protrude at all outward. Contrary to popular belief, nipples do not need to ... Before birth, there is not really anything a mother should be doing to prepare or toughen breasts for breastfeeding. Mothers ... This is an example of nipple shield, mentioned above. Use of shields is best managed in consultation with a breastfeeding ...
Expert Support Blog"Your nipples will toughen up. Hang in there." "Use a nipple shield, that helped my sore nipples heal. I couldnt have breastfed ... "Feeding the Baby Enough is Always the #1 Rule in Breastfeeding.". Helping the baby feed effectively is also the next step. A ... If her baby is not gaining weight, she wants to give her baby enough to eat, preferably breast milk. In a culture where we can ... Posted in breastfeeding support , Tagged breastfeeding forums, mother-to-mother support, sore nipples, tongue tie , Leave a ...
Helpful Hints For Breastfeeding - The Peaceful ParentsIt is now known that sore nipples are the result of improper positioning of the baby on the breast, not of inadequate nipple ... "Toughening" the nipples with a towel is no longer recommended.. Read about breastfeeding. Buy a book and take it to the ... Alternate the breast that you offer your baby first at each feeding because his initial sucking will be the strongest. By ... Nipple Preparation. The use of nipple preparation to prevent sore nipples has varied over the years. ...
LatchBabiesSorenessSoreBreastsShieldsFlat nipplesPainfulPumpExclusivelyLearn to breastfeedMilk supplyLanolinPregnancyAreolaNewbornLansinohNewbornsPainSupportMastitisNaturallySuccessfullyWoman'sBreastmilkAnalytical ArmadilloInfant FeedingEngorgementWomenWashingTimePracticeInfantsMakeBoobsTenderNotice your nipplesPumpingAvoidCompressesMother's breastLactation consultant for assistanceOxytocinFormulaPregnantShieldTowelSuppleYeast infectionFrequentCounselorColostrumExposeAreolasPostpartumTendernessHormonalMothers findNatural oilsMotherMomsPoorlyMythsGiveSoonerSyringeDemandPreterm
- I have had my latch checked but am still getting sore cracked nipples. (medhelp.org)
- Try to latch your baby on each breast. (lhsc.on.ca)
- If your baby will not latch after 5-10 minutes, try the other breast. (lhsc.on.ca)
- If your baby will not latch, feed your expressed breastmilk to your baby. (lhsc.on.ca)
- I would dread feeding time and would almost cry out in pain when he'd latch on. (hubpages.com)
- The hard part of breastfeeding is if baby starts with a poor latch it can negatively affect your experience for weeks and even months to come, even after the problem is fixed. (hubpages.com)
- These can help to gently draw out your nipples, making it easier for your newborn to latch on. (medela.com)
- But true pain while feeding is actually a sign of an incorrect latch or other issue - and you don't need to grin and bear it. (lansinoh.com)
- I'll just say this from experience as I'm breastfeeding my 9 week old ex-TT'd baby right now - it can be very hard to get a perfect latch with a TT'd baby, even after the clipping. (llli.org)
- To answer your question, I don't know that nipples really toughen up all that much, but I do know that babies get bigger, their mouths get bigger, and they tend to naturally latch better as they get older. (llli.org)
- Mothers are learning to watch for their baby's feeding cues and how to position baby at the breast and get a deep latch. (milkworks.org)
- You may let baby nurse longer if the latch does not hurt and your nipples are comfortable. (milkworks.org)
- If your baby will not latch by eight hours of age, continue to offer the breast, but start pumping or hand expressing every two to three hours and spoon feed your colostrum to your baby. (milkworks.org)
- Some babies find it more difficult to latch as the breast becomes firmer and "feels different. (milkworks.org)
- It is very normal for your nipples to be sensitive and/or hurt for just the first few weeks as long as you have a proper latch. (preeclampsia.org)
- The fact that you said breastfeeding was extremely painful leads me to believe that you probably had an incorrect latch, where Emily was probably latched on to your nipple only. (preeclampsia.org)
- Whether your baby is struggling to latch on, you've bought a breast pump and don't know how to use it (or are just downright terrified by the noise it makes), or could simply use some friendly advice, you're in the right place. (mumsnet.com)
- Our tips for a successful latch , including signs of a good latch, tell you how to ensure your baby is getting enough milk when she feeds and recommend breastfeeding positions for helping your baby to latch on. (mumsnet.com)
- However, mothers with flat or inverted nipples can have challenges establishing a deep latch, and might want to visit with a lactation educator or consultant to be sure to know good latching techniques, as well as to have as a resource after birth if latch is a challenge. (bellaonline.com)
- In certain cases, lactation professionals may recommend nipple shields to help train babies to latch, but this is best managed in consultation as shields may occasionally reduce milk stimulation. (bellaonline.com)
- If nipples are damaged due to latch concerns in the early days of breastfeeding, consider using hydrogel pads to soothe breasts in between feedings. (bellaonline.com)
- I did breastfeed my son and he was a little slow on the uptake for those first couple weeks so I had to use one until he could latch on. (mamapedia.com)
- I had been hand expressing and syringe feeding for the first couple of days as she couldn't latch properly. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- Work hard to get the latch right and don't settle for a poor one if you can help it - you might regret it if it makes all subsequent feeds more painful. (babykerf.com)
- If nipples are raw, cracked or bleeding there is a latch problem that needs to be assessed and fixed. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- By adjusting position and using latch techniques to encourage a deeper latch, the baby should be able to get on the breast without causing pain. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Have an IBCLC (Lactation Consultant) assess the damage, or preventatively, have a prenatal consult to have nipples assessed, discuss latch techniques and different positions for breastfeeding and to prepare you for what to expect in the first 72 hours of breastfeeding. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Nipple shields should never be used for the baby who refuses to latch on before the mother's milk 'comes in' on day three or four (or sometimes later). (happymom.in)
- Once the milk 'comes in', many babies will latch on easily without a nipple shield. (happymom.in)
- Other features of a poor latch may be a clicking of the tongue, or chewing of the nipple, resulting in painful breasts, often leading to nipple cracks, poor breast emptying, and not infrequently to mastitis, thereby impeding further attempts to breast feed. (drnevillewilson.com)
- 9) Holding Noah after pumping myself dry and watching him turn towards my breast and try to latch on through my shirt and then scream in frustration. (amalah.com)
- If engorgement makes it difficult for her to grasp the areola, express a little milk manually or with a breast pump before nursing to reduce it a little and make it easier for her to get a good latch. (whattoexpect.com)
- It also sounds worthwhile for someone to check your latch as you're in pain, but there is not necessarily a problem with it as it can take your nipples a while to toughen up. (babycentre.co.uk)
- You paint it in the babies mouth and then on your nipple and let them feed. (mamapedia.com)
- 6. Breastfeeding babies need extra vitamin D. (maternitycorner.com)
- More and more mothers are deciding to breastfeed their new babies. (howstuffworks.com)
- The more we learn about breast milk and its composition, the more we realize it is the perfect food for babies. (howstuffworks.com)
- Besides the nutritional benefits, a special closeness often develops between mothers and their breast-fed babies. (howstuffworks.com)
- As colostrum changes to milk, many babies seem to wake up, become fussy and want to nurse frequently (known as cluster feeding). (milkworks.org)
- All mammals produce milk for their young, and the human species has been nurturing its babies at the breast for at least 400,000 years. (theecologist.org)
- Breastfeeding , also known as nursing , is the feeding of babies and young children with milk from a woman's breast . (wikipedia.org)
- During the first few weeks of life babies may nurse roughly every two to three hours, and the duration of a feeding is usually ten to fifteen minutes on each breast. (wikipedia.org)
- If you're about to be the mother of twins, you may be wondering how you can breastfeed two babies. (mumsnet.com)
- Babies who are breastfed within the first hour postpartum generally have more successful breastfeeding experiences than those who aren't. (birthways.org)
- Schedule-fed babies may damage nipple skin more as they tend to get more hungry and therefore suck more strongly. (thebabywebsite.com)
- I had my babies in Scotland where there is support and advice avalible for new mothers to help with breastfeeding. (selfsufficientish.com)
- The World health Organisation (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommend feeding babies only breastmilk (exclusive breastfeeding) up until 6 months of age and to continue breastfeeding for up to two years with complementary food and fluids. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- Being around other women breastfeeding their babies is a very natural way to learn. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- I believe NHS staff should focus more on supporting mothers determined to breastfeed than blindly following procedures (or inventing their own) as the health risks are far higher for babies not breastfed (and mothers not breastfeeding) than those who are supported to receive their biologically normal source of food. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- Young babies need to feed frequently. (blogspot.co.uk)
- Using new muscles is tiring so sometimes our babies need to feed a little and then rest, feed and rest. (blogspot.co.uk)
- Human milk is digested easily and quickly (a good thing for the digestive system and for growth of baby) and it is common for many breastfeed babies to feed every 90mins. (blogspot.co.uk)
- It must be remembered that non-human mammas will not be motivated to breast-feed through an "intellectual appreciation" of its health beefits totheir babies. (wikiquote.org)
- There are usually better ways of supplementing or feeding babies than using a bottle. (happymom.in)
- Tongue-tie is unlikely to be detected in bottle fed babies, since the complex movements of the tongue required for latching, extraction and swallowing, are not required when artificial feeding from a bottle is presented to the infant mouth. (drnevillewilson.com)
- Current research supports the view that breast-fed babies are likely to have lower risks for obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular problems, compared with their formula-fed counterparts, and are less likely to be overfed by having a slower rate of weight gain. (drnevillewilson.com)
- Controversies about the safety and efficacy of tongue-tie division in new born babies with feeding problems prompted the National Institute for Health & Clinical Excellence (NICE) to review justification for tongue-tie division, and to provide guidance in this regard to clinicians in the UK in 2005. (drnevillewilson.com)
- Finally realized that millions upon millions of babies have grown up just fine on formula, and I was not a bad mom because I couldn't breastfeed. (amalah.com)
- Babies always have to eat on both sides each feeding. (second9months.com)
- Babies should always have just one breast per feeding. (second9months.com)
- When I called up IBCLCs to interview them, when I asked about personal experiences with breastfeeding one of them said she couldn't get any of her four babies to nurse much past a year and it was a mystery to her. (second9months.com)
- Breastfeeding rates are the highest they've been in two decades: by the most recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates, a whopping 75 percent of new mothers in the United States are nursing their babies when they leave the maternity ward. (ucpress.edu)
- Biochemists still search for differences in human milk at varying gestational ages, behavioral scientists still discuss patterns distinct to breast and bottle fed babies, while immunologists and bacteriologists grapple with "protective mechanisms" afforded by breast milk. (neonatology.org)
- feeding an infant on breast milk alone, is the gold standard for babies below six months old as it not only contains all the nutritional needs of babies that age but also protects them from several types of diseases. (theinformedmum.org)
- Research also suggests increases in a child's long-term heart capacity and shape in exclusively breastfed babies than those fed with infant formula. (theinformedmum.org)
- Babies on EBF should simply be offered breast milk when it is suspected that they are thirsty. (theinformedmum.org)
- These wonderfully named 'Montgomery's tubercles' produce a moisturising oil that helps protect against soreness and infection once you start breastfeeding. (medela.com)
- Limiting feeding time does not prevent soreness. (maternitycorner.com)
- Two good supportive nursing bras, (your breast size at two weeks postpartum is your new "real" size during your nursing career) nursing pads, nipple cream, (LOVE Earth Mama Angel Baby) frozen peas/gel packs and cabbage (sparingly) to ease breast soreness/engorgement. (birthways.org)
- If you are breastfeeding on demand, soreness is usually worst on the third day and starts decreasing on the fourth day. (thebabywebsite.com)
- Some experts believe nearly all nipple soreness results from poor positioning! (thebabywebsite.com)
- You may get sore nipples sooner than a schedule-feeding woman, but your soreness will disappear before hers, your breastfeeding will almost certainly be more successful, and you'll be less likely to have a blocked duct or breast infection. (thebabywebsite.com)
- One of the most common complaints in the first days of breastfeeding is nipple soreness. (drtorihudson.com)
- Sore nipples? (medhelp.org)
- It took just a couple days of latching incorrectly (which I wasn't even aware of at the time) to create such sore nipples that turned my next several months into hell. (hubpages.com)
- The reason is that your nipples become so sore and beat up that even a feeding done the proper way continues to agitate and inflame them. (hubpages.com)
- Turn to a nipple cream like Lansinoh Lanolin to help soothe and protect those sore nipples. (lansinoh.com)
- Toughening" your nipples won't make breastfeeding any more of a breeze - in fact, it will only make that tender, already-stretched skin more sore. (lansinoh.com)
- Up to nine in ten breastfeeding women have sore nipples at some time, especially early on, and particularly in the first week. (thebabywebsite.com)
- A sore nipple hurts most when the baby starts feeding, but this pain generally lasts only a minute or two, provided the skin isn't too damaged, because the baby no longer needs to suck so strongly when the milk lets down. (thebabywebsite.com)
- The pain from a sore nipple is usually described as feeling as if the baby were biting. (thebabywebsite.com)
- If your nipples look sore, with stripes across them, your baby is highly likely to be sucking very strongly simply to hold on to the breast. (thebabywebsite.com)
- This draws the nipple in and out of his mouth, which soon makes it sore. (thebabywebsite.com)
- The use of nipple preparation to prevent sore nipples has varied over the years. (peacefulparents.org)
- It is now known that sore nipples are the result of improper positioning of the baby on the breast , not of inadequate nipple preparation. (peacefulparents.org)
- In case you're wondering the midwife commented they looked sore, suggested lanolin and to hold the baby more firmly on to the breast. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- My nipples are cracked and sore. (babycenter.com)
- Your nipples may be cracked and sore but I can assure you she is still getting milk from them. (babycenter.com)
- My nipples became really sore with my first as well. (babycenter.com)
- Here's what causes pain in the nipples after pregnancy and during breastfeeding and what you can do about sore breasts. (whattoexpect.com)
- And one common hitch among new nursing moms: sore, tender or cracked nipples. (whattoexpect.com)
- What causes sore nipples after pregnancy and during breastfeeding? (whattoexpect.com)
- A baby with a very strong suck can also cause sore and/or cracked nipples. (whattoexpect.com)
- Not only will her sucking on the nipple alone leave you sore and sensitive, but it will also leave her frustrated since she won't get much milk. (whattoexpect.com)
- If one breast is more sore than the other, nurse from the less sore one first. (whattoexpect.com)
- If both nipples are equally sore (or not at all), start off the feeding with the breast you used last and didn't drain thoroughly. (whattoexpect.com)
- Avoid nursing pads with a plastic liner, which can trap moisture close to the skin and irritate already sore nipples. (whattoexpect.com)
- Use only warm, not hot, water on your nipples in the shower whether they're sore or not. (whattoexpect.com)
- You'll probably only need to do this when you're feeling sore, since nipples are naturally protected and lubricated by sweat glands and skin oils. (whattoexpect.com)
- At the moment I'm still very positive, but I am tiring and my nipples are starting to become very sore - we are also not having any opportunity to settle him to sleep for any period of time. (babycentre.co.uk)
- I am finding my nipples can get sore and cracked but the cream quickly clears that up. (babycentre.co.uk)
- Milk will be made in your breasts whether or not you breastfeed. (lhsc.on.ca)
- Between feeds put icy compresses and/or clean, refrigerated cabbage leaves on your breasts for 15 to 20 minutes. (lhsc.on.ca)
- Pump breasts with a hospital grade electric breast pump. (lhsc.on.ca)
- Surging hormones and a shift in breast structure mean your nipples and breasts may feel sensitive and tender from as early as three or four weeks. (medela.com)
- If you experience a sudden increase in breast size during pregnancy, your breasts may feel itchy and you might develop stretch marks. (medela.com)
- Frequent breastfeeding or milk removal by hand or a pump will help prevent engorgement (when breasts get very full and firm because milk is not being removed) as your milk comes in. (milkworks.org)
- Before pregnancy the breast is largely composed of adipose (fat) tissue but under the influence of the hormones estrogen , progesterone , prolactin , and other hormones, the breasts prepare for production of milk for the baby. (wikipedia.org)
- Or your baby may have been feeding with the breast poorly positioned perhaps because you've been holding him awkwardly, or you have poorly protractile nipples or engorged breasts, or he's been snoozing at the breast and letting it half slip out) - in which case he has to suck particularly hard to try to get milk and/or keep the breast in his mouth. (thebabywebsite.com)
- If not, it could be because your milk ducts are constricted and not allowing milk through because you're cold, in which case have a warm shower or bath before feeding, put on some more clothes, heat the room, or bathe your breasts with warm water. (thebabywebsite.com)
- Also, and most important, a poorly positioned baby doesn't stimulate the breasts well, so milk production and flow are poor, and milk doesn't flow into his mouth quickly enough to fill the vacuum and reduce the high suction pressure on the nipple. (thebabywebsite.com)
- She wasn't latching on properly, i was painfully engorged, she wasn't gaining weight and i had to pump before feeds to relese some milk and make my breasts softer so she could get a proper hold and a proper feed. (selfsufficientish.com)
- A woman's breasts naturally change in preparation for breastfeeding. (drtorihudson.com)
- You may not recognize your breasts with all the changes you may experience in pregnancy and breastfeeding but you still can have support, comfort, and know what you need to know to enjoy your marvelous changing bust. (theleakyboob.com)
- Pregnancy triggers the breasts to prepare for lactation to feed the developing baby after birth. (theleakyboob.com)
- Some breasts change 5-6 cup sizes, it may be necessary to shop for new bras that accommodate the new breast growth. (theleakyboob.com)
- Breastfeeding mothers often wonder if any special procedures are needed to prepare breasts for breastfeeding while pregnant or to care for them while nursing. (bellaonline.com)
- Before birth, there is not really anything a mother should be doing to prepare or toughen breasts for breastfeeding. (bellaonline.com)
- Otherwise, you can massage your breasts, or apply a lubricant or skin cream to your nipples, but it is not necessary. (peacefulparents.org)
- Wearing maternity bras during your pregnancy will get them softened and comfortable for the early days of breastfeeding when breasts and nipples can be tender. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- This gets you used to handling your breasts and nipples and stimulates colostrum production. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- However you plan on feeding your baby, increased milk production will begin within a few days of birth and your breasts will fill with milk for your baby. (blogspot.co.uk)
- More specifically, it is the projection on the breasts or udder of a mammal by which breast milk is delivered to a mother's young. (wikiquote.org)
- Nabectin Puder Spray(neomycin and bacitracin) applied to nipples, plus hand disinfection for nurses and mothers before handling breasts. (biomedcentral.com)
- Your breasts/nipples are too__________ to breastfeed. (second9months.com)
- Always try to use both breasts at every feeding , even if it's not for very long. (whattoexpect.com)
- Instead you become a fuller blossomed woman and with proper care of the breasts light massage etc. during breast feeding, you may yourself be surprised to see how shapely your breast look after a year of delivery. (healthlibrary.com)
- Breast feeding is convenient for the nursing mother, no bottle have breasts with are not limited by the size of the breasts. (healthlibrary.com)
- Motherhood and all it entails can be really stressful but when it comes to ranking stressful activities, putting a baby to one's breasts for feeding can hardly be compared to preparing formula (or in fact any other baby food) as the latter is much more stressful. (theinformedmum.org)
- A friend of mine got me these plastic nipple shields from Avent. (mamapedia.com)
- Having suffered with cracks and bleeding from week 1 of BF and having forced myself to drop the nipple shields, we now appear to be turning a corner. (llli.org)
- If you don't know what nipple shields are, they are dome shaped things that you place over your nipple to protect it. (ohsheglows.com)
- So I put on the nipple shields and I had instant relief - no more nipples rubbing against my bra or t-shirt! (ohsheglows.com)
- Use of shields is best managed in consultation with a breastfeeding professional, as they should be sized and may sometimes affect milk production. (bellaonline.com)
- Nipple shields and breast shells need to be used with caution. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Nipple shields and bottles are being used much too often to try to fix breastfeeding problems, even though they can, very occasionally, be useful. (happymom.in)
- Protect your nipples from clothing and other irritants with breast shells (not shields). (whattoexpect.com)
- Ask a healthcare professional or read our article about inverted or flat nipples for more advice. (medela.com)
- If your nipples are flat or inverted, refer to our information on Flat Nipples . (milkworks.org)
- She says she has been told she can't breastfeed because she has flat nipples and there's nothing that can be done about it. (selfsufficientish.com)
- She then pointed out something that may just have saved my whole breastfeeding experience…low and behold I had flat nipples. (afterthealter.com)
- Initially breastfeeding is hard, tiring and yes painful. (hubpages.com)
- I had several friends attending breastfeeding supports groups at the hospital because of their ongoing issues and how painful it was for them. (hubpages.com)
- I can completely relate and I have found the answer to my prayers for relief of very painful nipples. (mamapedia.com)
- breastfeeding is tough, painful (sometimes excruciatingly so), and often discouraging. (thesoccermomblog.com)
- Breastfeeding was painful for the first 6 days. (immaeatthat.com)
- I was confused because so much of what I heard said, "if breastfeeding is painful you're doing it wrong. (immaeatthat.com)
- When Jojo first latches I take 3 deep breaths because right when she starts feeding can be a bit painful…then it subsides. (immaeatthat.com)
- Netflix shows/deep breathing during the first 6 days when feeding was painful and I needed a bit of a distraction. (immaeatthat.com)
- I'm pretty sure my LO (little one) gave me a blister on one nipple and she's 2 1/2 weeks and it is still painful but she is still filling up on that side. (babycenter.com)
- Burning nipples, which are no less painful. (whattoexpect.com)
- Could it be that they need support because breastfeeding is often difficult, painful, and inconvenient? (skepticalob.com)
- Sorry, I was lurking, but I am also a breast feeding mom who works full time, so the pump became my best friend. (vegweb.com)
- For more information on breastfeeding including electric breast pump rentals and supportive web sites, please visit Baby's Feeding . (lhsc.on.ca)
- Anyone who suggests you pump your milk to know how much colostrum there is, does not understand breastfeeding, and should be politely ignored. (maternitycorner.com)
- Mothers may pump milk so that it can be used later when breastfeeding is not possible. (wikipedia.org)
- Some moms also like having a glider/rocker, nursing pillow, breast pump (free thru your Insurance) and milk storage bags. (birthways.org)
- Contrary to popular belief, nipples do not need to be pulled out before birth with a pump or device. (bellaonline.com)
- I bought a breast pump with my first child (noe 3 1/2 years old) and barely used it. (mamapedia.com)
- I did pump to go out with my spouse and have free time away from the baby however, I think you should try feeding from the breast. (mamapedia.com)
- You really can't just pump your milk supply will not build up the way it would if you nursed from the breast and there is a chance your milk supply will dry up. (mamapedia.com)
- Lots of mums need basic help like being told what is normal or tips for using a breast pump, but what if you face more complex problems? (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- Finally I gave up and called for a lactation nurse, who told me that I needed to give my nipples some time to heal, and to keep my supply up, I should pump. (wordpress.com)
- It is important that mom feed or pump frequently to stimulate the prolactin and oxytocin frequently. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- 5) Also: 'poor milk supply,' 'hospital-grade breast pump,' '20 minutes every two hours' and 'dad will feed baby formula while mom pumps. (amalah.com)
- 6) A lactation consultant who, while I was still sobbing over items 4 and 5, proceeded to berate me about all of the following: the pacifier she spotted in my diaper bag, our technique for caring for Noah's circ site, my use of Lasinoh, my choice of breast pump and nursing pillow, our plan to buy a baby swing and my nursing bra from Target. (amalah.com)
- 7) Strapping myself to an electric breast pump in the living room while Jason feeds Noah formula in the nursery and feeling like a goddamn malfunctioning milk cow. (amalah.com)
- If you have a pump you can pump I would put it on the lowest setting and move up from there depending on your pain level it usually just takes a few days for your nipples to toughen up. (babycenter.com)
- But she had made it clear that she wasn't planning to nurse, that she might pump for a few months, but no more than three, and certainly no actual "breast"-feeding. (ucpress.edu)
- But recent studies show that exclusively breastfeeding moms actually get more sleep than formula-feeding moms. (lansinoh.com)
- Health organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), recommend breastfeeding exclusively for six months. (wikipedia.org)
- In the United States in 2015, 83% of women begin breastfeeding, but at 6 months only 58% were still breastfeeding with 25% exclusively breastfeeding. (wikipedia.org)
- I told them I was exclusively breastfeeding, and therefore they brought me the baby on demand when he was hungry. (afterthealter.com)
- Just because you supplement with formula doesn't mean you won't go on to breastfeed exclusively successfully. (wordpress.com)
- I did, and I had no problem exclusively breastfeeding for many months after that. (wordpress.com)
- This blog is about the mother who wants to breastfeed exclusively, yet has top-ups suggested when there is no clinical need. (blogspot.co.uk)
- You can exclusively breastfeed, no matter what. (second9months.com)
- Your baby is too old to learn to breastfeed. (second9months.com)
- Frequent breastfeeding helps to build up a good milk supply. (lhsc.on.ca)
- There can be many reasons to introduce pumping earlier, but generally, feeding on demand is the best way to establish a strong milk supply in the early days of breastfeeding. (lansinoh.com)
- Expressing can also boost your milk supply, relieve breast engorgement and help a premature baby who is yet to develop their suckling reflux. (mumsnet.com)
- After your two week pediatrician appointment if baby's weights have stabilized and your milk supply has regulated you can feel relaxed about following your baby's cues for feeding. (birthways.org)
- Your baby is making your body build a bigger milk supply by constantly feeding. (babycentre.co.uk)
- After feedings let them air dry and apply lanolin (or coconut oil, heard good things but havent tried) You can also express some milk and rub it into your nipples and let it air dry. (medhelp.org)
- Try coconut oil or lanolin and ice pack got pack for your nipples. (babycenter.com)
- Use lanolin and make sure that you are letting your nipples air dry after your LO (little one) gets finished. (babycenter.com)
- Liberally use natural lanolin cream (like Lansinoh) on your nipples after each feeding as needed. (whattoexpect.com)
- Many women experience breast changes in early pregnancy - in fact, it's often the first sign you're pregnant. (medela.com)
- Breast growth in pregnancy may be rapid during the early weeks, or the size may increase gradually," explains Dr Jacqueline Kent, a leading lactation researcher at the University of Western Australia. (medela.com)
- If you have flat or inverted nipples, and you're beyond week 32 of a healthy pregnancy, you could wear nipple formers inside your bra. (medela.com)
- It can even be applied during pregnancy to ease dryness and help keep nipples soft and supple. (lansinoh.com)
- Changes early in pregnancy prepare the breast for lactation. (wikipedia.org)
- Breastfeeding is like an extention of pregnancy, somthing which is a natural function, not a choice, its what is supposed to happen so i didn't even concider giving up. (selfsufficientish.com)
- During later pregnancy, hormonal changes cause the nipple tissue to become more elastic. (drtorihudson.com)
- For many, after puberty, the most noticeable change comes with pregnancy and breastfeeding. (theleakyboob.com)
- So many breast changes in pregnancy, milk making tissue expands, you grow more milk making tissue, blood flow increases, the tissue becomes more dense, the nipples and areola darken and often grow, and more. (theleakyboob.com)
- What you can do during pregnancy is to check to make sure that your nipples are not inverted. (peacefulparents.org)
- Your glandular (milk making) breast tissue grows in pregnancy. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- I have awhile to go with my pregnancy, but I thought that I would start researching my options regarding breastfeeding now. (mamapedia.com)
- Your nipple and the dark area around the nipple, the areola, may increase in size and the colour becomes darker. (lhsc.on.ca)
- When the baby suckles its mother's breast, a hormone called oxytocin compels the milk to flow from the alveoli (lobules), through the ducts (milk canals), into the sacs (milk pools) behind the areola , and then into the baby's mouth. (wikipedia.org)
- Pigmentation of the nipples and areola also increases. (wikipedia.org)
- The size of your breast shouldn't be an issue (I was a EE with my DS) although it usually changes the normal advice of fitting the majority of your areola in her mouth. (preeclampsia.org)
- As long as she is opening wide and her lips are flanged around the areola and not sucking on the nipple only, that should do it. (preeclampsia.org)
- Your eager feeder may not be taking both your nipple and areola into her mouth, nursing instead on just your nipple. (whattoexpect.com)
- Be sure your baby is properly positioned , facing your breast, and has latched onto your areola (not just your nipple) with her mouth while nursing. (whattoexpect.com)
- In fact, scientists believe the smell of this oil is similar to amniotic fluid and may help guide your newborn to your nipples after she's born. (medela.com)
- Put it all together and your newborn will need to feed very frequently - what feels like 24/7. (lansinoh.com)
- There's no reason why a father has to miss out on the closeness that can develop while feeding a newborn baby. (howstuffworks.com)
- Ask him what percentage of his newborn patients are breastfed, how he treats jaundice, and if he refers women with breastfeeding problems to a certified lactation consultant. (peacefulparents.org)
- My daughter (and therefore myself as well of course) was forcibly admitted to hospital for a week at the newborn health check due to feeding problems after a homebirth. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- In fact Nils Bergman believes from his research that feeding every 90 minutes is normal and optimal for a newborn. (blogspot.co.uk)
- If a newborn is very sleepy and not demanding frequent feeds, supplementation may be needed, and if a baby at any age is not gaining weight appropriately supplementation may be needed. (blogspot.co.uk)
- Your baby will need feeding every 1-3 hours when newborn and may feed for an hour, break for 15 minutes before starting again. (babycentre.co.uk)
- The Benefits of Breastfeeding The reason that breastfeeding has been such an entrenched method for feeding newborns is that there are some empirical benefits to the process. (howstuffworks.com)
- The purpose of the blog is to promote the beauty and naturalness of breastfeeding by showing women breastfeeding their children, from newborns to toddlers, in various public and private settings. (thetruthaboutbreastfeeding.com)
- My little girl was only born on Aug 1st and I am having to resort to pumping to give her breast milk because the pain is so intense it reduces me to tears. (medhelp.org)
- You need your nipples to toughen up and that going to happen by nursing through the pain. (medhelp.org)
- These breastfeeding tips and tricks can make pain. (hubpages.com)
- They key is managing and reducing breastfeeding pain to make it through the first month and usually from that all the difference in your breastfeeding survival by teaching you how to reduce and eventually eliminate breastfeeding point forward it's easy sailing. (hubpages.com)
- Wearing a sleep bra in bed might make you more comfortable, and it's a good idea to wear a supportive sports bra when you exercise to avoid breast pain and ligament damage. (medela.com)
- After 4 weeks of horrible nipple pain I went to see a lactation consultant last Friday. (mamapedia.com)
- Hopefully this nipple pain will go away now. (mamapedia.com)
- I still get clogged ducts every now and then but at least my nipples are pain free. (mamapedia.com)
- I had lots and lots of pain and wanted to cry every time I breastfed. (mamapedia.com)
- Any nipple pain that is not getting better by day 3 or 4 or lasts beyond 5 or 6 days should not be ignored. (maternitycorner.com)
- A new onset of pain when things have been going well for a while may be due to a yeast infection of the nipples. (maternitycorner.com)
- With him fussing, unlatching and relatching frequently during hours of seemingly endless feeds, I am experiencing some pain but I try not to unlatch him unless I think he's breaking the skin, because he gets quite upset at being taken off and I want him to settle and enjoy it. (llli.org)
- Fairly often the nipple comes out creased/with a white line or lipstick-shaped but the pain subsides pretty quickly. (llli.org)
- Anyway, this was around the time when my nipples were so raw I couldn't even put on a t-shirt without crying out in pain, so I figured it was worth a shot. (ohsheglows.com)
- Although some pain is to be expected when you start breastfeeding, and nipples do eventually toughen up, pain can also indicate that something is wrong. (mumsnet.com)
- I had cracked bleeding nipples and was in tears at feeding times from the pain. (selfsufficientish.com)
- I remember it stinging for a few seconds at the begining of the feed and the pain quickly subsibing as i relaxed and enjoyed the time together cooing over my new born. (selfsufficientish.com)
- See a lactation professional is breastfeeding pain continues or if nipples are visibly damaged for customized support. (bellaonline.com)
- She deserves to have pain free breastfeeding. (birthandbreastfeedingsolutions.com)
- We can't afford it… or in other words, I can't get my husband to agree that my nipple pain or breastfeeding struggles are out of my control. (birthandbreastfeedingsolutions.com)
- On day 7 of her life I fed Joanna and realized there was pretty much no pain and all blisters/bleeding had gone away. (immaeatthat.com)
- I kept trying to deal with the pain, hoping it would go away and my nipples would "toughen up" or something. (wordpress.com)
- Breastfeeding is a natural process and not one that is supposed to invoke pain! (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Even for a new mom who is breastfeeding with minimal difficulty (although a lot of PAIN)and whose other baby didn't need surgery, it was a time of violent hormonal surges that made me cry the entire week. (amalah.com)
- It's normal to have nipple pain. (second9months.com)
- Breastfeeding can be really difficult, especially without the support of other moms! (vegweb.com)
- Research has shown that prenatal education and having a support network are both key factors in starting and continuing to breastfeed. (lansinoh.com)
- Please join us at the new LLLI Breastfeeding Support Community on Inspire.com , or in the LLLI Breastfeeding Support Facebook Group . (llli.org)
- You may need to provide some support as your baby searches for your breast. (milkworks.org)
- Health professionals, health agencies and governments fail to educate and support women who want to breastfeed. (theecologist.org)
- Luckily i was there to help and support her and advised her to feed the baby all day and night, as much as possible which maybe as often as every 30min. (selfsufficientish.com)
- Breastfeeding Support: Improving Quality And Quantity Of Breast Milk « Dr. Tori Hudson, N.D. (drtorihudson.com)
- As your breast size and shape may begin to change rapidly with growth being common, a transitional bra that offers flexible support with a size range in cup sizes my minimize discomfort and sensitivity. (theleakyboob.com)
- She deserves to have the on-going support to make sure her experiences in breastfeeding and her value on successful breastfeeding go as smoothly as possible. (birthandbreastfeedingsolutions.com)
- In order to receive the help, support, resources, education, assessment and an action plan for hope and healing in breastfeeding, a mom needs to have the desire and means to pay to see a professional. (birthandbreastfeedingsolutions.com)
- If you establish this support system of breastfeeding experts before you deliver, it will be much easier to get help if breastfeeding problems or questions come up later. (peacefulparents.org)
- Talk to you partner and family about your goals and the importance of their support around breastfeeding. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- They're great for stuffing behind baby to support her during feeds. (immaeatthat.com)
- Analytical Armadillo: If you faced challenging breastfeeding problems did you receive effective, timely NHS support? (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- I did receive a lot of visits from the breastfeeding support team but unfortunately it wasn't very helpful. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- We have a top-up culture within a lot of breastfeeding "support" in Northern Ireland. (blogspot.co.uk)
- There may be many reasons why it happens, but I want to suggest that a big factor is our Cultural lack of Confidence in breastfeeding and that it creates a vicious cycle within breastfeeding support. (blogspot.co.uk)
- We provide hands-on clinical support and are trained to work with all breastfeeding-related problems. (happymom.in)
- Breastfeeding Promoting Network of India BPNI works towards training of health professionals and community workers to protect promote and support breastfeeding. (happymom.in)
- No LC or breastfeeding-support person should ever bring formula with her to your home. (happymom.in)
- This may be an indication of her true support for breastfeeding. (happymom.in)
- While some Mums express frustration with lack of support for breast- feeding while in hospital, others will report satisfaction with encouragement by nursing staff. (drnevillewilson.com)
- An investigative report by the Economic Social and Research Institute (ESRI) concluded that Irish mothers need greater support than currently being provided if they are to succeed with breastfeeding efforts after discharge from maternity wards. (drnevillewilson.com)
- You're constantly claiming that women give up breastfeeding because they don't have enough support. (skepticalob.com)
- A small, non-blinded, RCT (randomised controlled trial) had reported that oral antibiotics reduced the incidence of mastitis in lactating women with Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus )- colonized cracked nipples. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our intention was to conduct a double-blind placebo-controlled trial to determine if an antibiotic (flucloxacillin) could prevent mastitis in lactating women with S. aureus -colonized cracked nipples. (biomedcentral.com)
- Does topical penicillin ointment on mother's nipples prevent mastitis? (biomedcentral.com)
- Does an antibiotic spray to mother's nipples prevent mastitis? (biomedcentral.com)
- Does nipple ointment prevent mastitis? (biomedcentral.com)
- Does treating cracked nipples with laser therapy prevent mastitis? (biomedcentral.com)
- How to Breastfeed Breastfeeding might not come as naturally to some young mothers as they would have hoped. (howstuffworks.com)
- Infant Feeding and Fathers An article on breast feeding would naturally focus on the mother, but fathers can play a vital role in feeding their baby. (howstuffworks.com)
- Breastfeeding is a naturally occurring process for both mothers and infants, but some new mothers feel some instruction is helpful. (drtorihudson.com)
- The nipples develop Montgomery s Glands which naturally lubricate the breast. (bellaonline.com)
- Mom often times feel embarrassed that she needs to come back to see her Lactation Consultant as breastfeeding should come naturally, right? (birthandbreastfeedingsolutions.com)
- Women have been breastfeeding successfully for centuries. (peacefulparents.org)
- The good news is that for the one month with our little man in our lives I have been breastfeeding successfully (or so I think), and although it hasn't always been a roses and lollipops….both me and Christian are getting along well. (afterthealter.com)
- Not infrequently these difficulties may be compounded by heightened maternal anxiety, which may be transferred to her struggling infant, aggravating further attempts to breast feed successfully. (drnevillewilson.com)
- No wonder this poor woman's nipples hurt! (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Expressing breastmilk can give you flexibility and some respite from breastfeeding. (mumsnet.com)
- Analytical Armadillo: Is breastfeeding always bonding? (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- Infant Feeding & Early Parenting, Food For Thought. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- I was told the Infant Feeding Co-Ordinator would come to see us, but she never turned up in the 7 days we were there. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- The Infant Feeding Survey tells us that in 2010 64% of mothers in NI began breastfeeding. (blogspot.co.uk)
- Lactation Consultants (LC) are registered nurses who have gained additional training and experience in infant feeding difficulties, and are more likely to recognize and correctly diagnose tongue-tie than other clinicians. (drnevillewilson.com)
- Infant feeding, a subject that upon superficial thought seems so simple that the majority of medical students are apt to pass it by as pertaining to the nurse and not the doctor. (neonatology.org)
- The politics and safety of infant feeding is even the center of international concern and multi-national industrial enterprise. (neonatology.org)
- In studying the history of infant feeding, one must assume that the human breast was the sole source of nutrition in man's primitive beginnings. (neonatology.org)
- Tracing this inquisitiveness of man, and the evolution of "artificial" or alternative methods of infant feeding shall be the prime purpose of this chapter. (neonatology.org)
- Many mothers choose to practice this form of infant feeding but get discouraged at some point either by the opinions of family members or the advice of poorly trained health workers,or even by several myths surrounding exclusive breastfeeding . (theinformedmum.org)
- Let us therefore join hands to promote this great infant feeding practice which has the potential to save countless lives. (theinformedmum.org)
- Breast engorgement should be treated early so you will continue to have enough milk to feed your baby. (lhsc.on.ca)
- Horrible engorgement, blocked milk ducts (which I have overcome) and now a yeast infection on my nipples. (mamapedia.com)
- In fact, some women have a tremendous amount of trouble learning how to breastfeed. (howstuffworks.com)
- Women do not fail to breastfeed. (theecologist.org)
- Sorry I should have added that putting her to the breast is the best way to get her the milk she needs but if that is not an option for you, many women have pumped from day one (or later) and had very good results. (preeclampsia.org)
- My best advice other than this is to go visit misc.kids.breastfeeing on your news server or you can get to the group through http://www.google.ca/grphp?hl=en&tab=wg&q= they are an amazing bunch of women ,and some men, that can answer just about any breastfeeding question. (preeclampsia.org)
- For many women, breast feeding proceeds with no difficulty and a plentiful supply of milk, along with comfort and ease for infant and mother. (drtorihudson.com)
- Ask the women in your family/whanau about breastfeeding. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- Second (and obviously more important) was that she said, "breastfeeding is difficult and a lot of women have a hard time with it. (wordpress.com)
- Some women notice drying in the third trimester, whereas some notice the nipples are suppler than they every have been. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Some women have flat, inverted or dimpled nipples that may need assessment and altered breastfeeding positions may be required. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Women are often told they must stop or interrupt breastfeeding due to illness or a medication they are taking or a test they must undergo-this is only very rarely true. (happymom.in)
- We planned to recruit two groups of 133 women with S. aureus- colonized cracked nipples. (biomedcentral.com)
- In retrospect we should have conducted a feasibility study, which would have revealed the low number of women in these Melbourne hospitals (maternity wards and breastfeeding clinics) with damaged nipples. (biomedcentral.com)
- The appropriate use of antibiotics for breastfeeding women with cracked nipples still needs to be tested. (biomedcentral.com)
- If breastfeeding is so easy and convenient as you often claim, why do so many women try breastfeeding and then give it up? (skepticalob.com)
- In fact, it's generally difficult to give up something easy and convenient, yet women give up breastfeeding in droves. (skepticalob.com)
- If breastfeeding is easy and convenient, aren't formula feeders doing more, and enduring more hardship than women who fall back on breastfeeding because it's easy and convenient? (skepticalob.com)
- Why should women need so much chivvying about breastfeeding? (skepticalob.com)
- I have been on Diflucan for a week, washing my nipples with vinegar, applying antifungal ointment and my baby is on med too so we can stop passing the bacteria back and forth. (mamapedia.com)
- Washing nipples before each feeding makes breastfeeding unnecessarily complicated and washes away protective oils from the nipple. (maternitycorner.com)
- Washing nipples with soaps or other cleansers can disrupt the effects of these glands and/or dry the skin of the nipples. (bellaonline.com)
- Avoid washing nipples with soap. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- 7. A mother should wash her nipples each time before feeding the baby. (maternitycorner.com)
- Finally, we will look at when it is time to stop breastfeeding. (howstuffworks.com)
- You know how I had a really hard time with breastfeeding for the first 6 weeks. (ohsheglows.com)
- It can take a bit of time for you and your baby to get used to breastfeeding - and that's ok. (mumsnet.com)
- Keep persevering one feed at a time and try to find local breastfeeding clinics. (mumsnet.com)
- If you end up having an epidural or other interventions and your baby needs a little bit more time before they can breastfeed just keep offering and provide lot's of skin to skin cuddling. (birthways.org)
- 1. Change your feeding position several times a day so no one part of the nipple takes the full force of the baby's suction every time. (thebabywebsite.com)
- They can be very expensive and you may find pumping and feeding, pumping and feeding all the time may be very time consuming and decide not to do it for long. (mamapedia.com)
- I'm not trying to upset you but if you want your baby to breastfeed, you will have a much easier and more pleasant time nursing the baby from your breast. (mamapedia.com)
- However, my nipples have always ended up looking like those above whenever I tried for any amount of time (like, more than a day or so) to breastfeed my son. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- All of that time, I have been working on feeding him my milk, as much as I could get, and getting him well (there was a lot more going on than 'just' a TT, and cranial osteopathy has been the key to it all). (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- I mean, makes sense…I've never had someone sucking on my nipples for hours at a time before. (immaeatthat.com)
- We were referred to have it cut at a different hospital, but they wouldn't do it till she'd had vitamin K (even though she had none of the risk factors for bleeding disorders) so it wasn't done till she was 10 weeks as it took time to source an oral vegan vitamin K. This caused me weeks of agony and hours spent on inefficient feeds. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- Over time I would try to pull the shield off mid feed, and sometimes he would take it. (afterthealter.com)
- The best time to introduce the breast is within the first hour after delivery. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- I've had a really hard time breastfeeding. (babycenter.com)
- To be part of the breastfeeding infantry, it doesn't matter if you're planning to work full-time or be a stay-at-home-mom, if you're gay or straight, if you're a card-carrying left-wing feminist or a Mormon with a penchant for traditional values. (ucpress.edu)
- Experts recommend it should start from the first hour of a baby's life as this not only gives the baby good supply of the nutrient-rich colostrum which safeguards infants from dying during the most vulnerable time of their life, but also helps establish and increase the supply of the more mature breast milk. (theinformedmum.org)
- It takes a lot of work and practice to get them to open their mouths wide enough and take enough breast into their mouths. (llli.org)
- The reality for many mothers, though, is that breastfeeding takes practice from both of you. (mumsnet.com)
- It helps your baby because while sucking is an inherent reflex, breastfeeding is a learned behavior and practice makes perfect. (birthways.org)
- In a few weeks his jaw and tongue muscles will become stronger and it is the practice and strengthening of the muscles used during breastfeeding that promotes normal facial development and means that he will be less likely to need orthodontics later. (blogspot.co.uk)
- Globally, about 38% of infants are only breastfed during their first six months of life. (wikipedia.org)
- Most pediatric health advisory organizations and practitioners recommend exclusive breast-feeding for all infants during the first four to six months after birth, with breastfeeding continuing for a minimum of 12 months. (drtorihudson.com)
- Infants who are premature or low birth weight receive additional benefits from the nutritional content and immune properties of breast milk. (drtorihudson.com)
- The mother's breast may be stroked by the infants hand as he moves. (wikiquote.org)
- Ankyloglossia , or tongue-tie, is a congenital oral cavity anomaly, affecting between 4% to 10 % of infants, and is characterized by an abnormally short, thick or tight, sublingual frenulum, often causing restricted latching to the maternal breast, with adverse feeding outcomes for both infant and feeding Mum. (drnevillewilson.com)
- It has repeatedly been described as the safest and healthiest option for feeding infants. (theinformedmum.org)
- Breast milk is said to be a potent medicine for disease prevention that is tailored to fit the needs of a baby, it has been described as the perfect elixir of immunity for infants. (theinformedmum.org)
- Feeding infants the recommended way gives the infant the recommended dosage of this highly personalized medicine. (theinformedmum.org)
- As infants breastfeed, the immune composition of breast milk adjusts to the properties of their saliva. (theinformedmum.org)
- Exclusive breastfeeding guarantees infants a food source that is uniquely adapted to their needs while being safe, clean, healthy and accessible. (theinformedmum.org)
- A poor start can indeed make breastfeeding difficult. (maternitycorner.com)
- Also, start sessions with your nipple at your baby's nose level and make baby reach for it. (llli.org)
- However, breastfeeding does get better once you make it past those brutal first few weeks. (thesoccermomblog.com)
- If you have any worries (like inverted nipples), make sure your midwife knows and you have the opportunity to talk this through. (birthcentre.co.nz)
- The more milk your baby drinks, the more milk you will produce and as long as you feed your baby on cue you will make as much as your baby needs. (blogspot.co.uk)
- That can make feeding a little and often process. (blogspot.co.uk)
- If you've had any breast surgery, you will not make enough milk for your baby. (second9months.com)
- The credit goes partly to the researchers whose studies have shown a myriad of benefits to human milk, and partly to activists who have fought admirably for better pumping rights and hospital policies, doggedly working to make breastfeeding the norm. (ucpress.edu)
- Both can make breastfeeding hurt more than you expected. (whattoexpect.com)
- The notion that boobs plus baby equals breastfeeding bliss is a nice one. (mumsnet.com)
- I will still have leaking boobs and chapped nipples, I will have tired, saggy eyes and a tired, saggy body. (blogspot.com)
- Is it worth getting some formula to do one feed a day just to give my boobs a break and for me and my husband to get some rest? (babycentre.co.uk)
- Nipples may become more tender and sensitive. (theleakyboob.com)
- During the second trimester, you may notice your nipples and areolae (the circles of skin surrounding them) becoming larger and darker," says breastfeeding research associate at Medela Dr Danielle Prime. (medela.com)
- It's common for nipples and areolas to become darker, and you might even notice your nipples growing in size too. (lansinoh.com)
- Give breastfeeding 4 weeks before you introduce pumping and do it first thing in the AM after baby's first feeding when you're likely to have more milk left. (babykerf.com)
- Currently, I have just started pumping which I will save for another next breastfeeding post. (afterthealter.com)
- 8) Pumping while Jason feeds Noah formula next to me because after all the various indignities to my body this man has witnessed over the past week, this has GOT to be the one that will guarantee that he will never look at me as a sexual being ever again. (amalah.com)
- Likewise, you may want to avoid soap on your nipples. (milkworks.org)
- Smoking tobacco and consuming limited amounts of alcohol and/or coffee are not reasons to avoid breastfeeding. (wikipedia.org)
- Avoid nipple stimulation if you have a history of preterm labor. (peacefulparents.org)
- International Board Certified Lactation Consultant) If you're having trouble breastfeeding, or if you just want to avoid trouble down the road, hiring a lactation consultant can be very helpful. (second9months.com)
- He can also be helped to breastfeed longer if the mother compresses the breast to keep the flow of milk going, once he no longer swallows on his own. (maternitycorner.com)
- Vary your breastfeeding position so that your baby's mouth compresses different parts of your nipple at each feeding. (whattoexpect.com)
- If they are inverted, contact a breastfeeding counselor or certified lactation consultant for assistance. (peacefulparents.org)
- Oxytocin contracts the smooth muscle of the uterus during birth and following delivery, called the postpartum period, while breastfeeding. (wikipedia.org)
- Formula feeding requires careful attention to cleanliness because formula not only does not protect the baby against infection, but also is actually a good breeding ground for bacteria and can also be easily contaminated. (maternitycorner.com)
- With UK formula manufacturers spending around £20 per baby promoting this 'baby junk food', compared to the paltry 14 pence per baby the government spends promoting breastfeeding, can we ever hope to reverse the trend? (theecologist.org)
- Breastfeeding has a number of benefits to both mother and baby, which infant formula lacks. (wikipedia.org)
- Breastfeeding is also less expensive than infant formula. (wikipedia.org)
- Specify on your birth plan that no artificial nipples, pacifiers or formula be given to your baby unless medically necessary (if supplemental feedings are required you can use a syringe or SNS). (birthways.org)
- Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as an infant receiving only breast milk without addition of water, foods or supplemental formula. (drtorihudson.com)
- I told her what they'd told me in the breastfeeding class, and told her that I really didn't want to use formula. (wordpress.com)
- We might be using formula, but I wasn't going to expose Charlie to the dreaded NIPPLE CONFUSION. (wordpress.com)
- I still am not entirely clear on what NIPPLE CONFUSION is, but I know that it is something Big and Scary, much like formula, and it has the potential to ruin breastfeeding forever (oy vey, right? (wordpress.com)
- Finger feeding took ages: we had to prepare the formula, get the tube and syringe set up, and spend a half hour feeding her. (wordpress.com)
- Too often I hear top-ups of formula suggested for virtually any issue that a mother cares to mention in the early days of breastfeeding, and unfortunately many times the suggestion comes from a health care provider (HCP). (blogspot.co.uk)
- It isn't helpful to suggest top ups with formula to a mother who wants to breastfeed. (blogspot.co.uk)
- If you can't breastfeed offer formula until your milk comes in feeding her something is better than not feeding her at all. (babycenter.com)
- And what's up with calling formula feeding mothers lazy? (skepticalob.com)
- Finally, why does the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative bear so much resemblance to the policies of a small totalitarian states If breastfeeding is truly as easy and convenient as you say, why would any new mother need to be lectured about its benefits, be prohibited from using formula, forced to room in 24-7 with her baby, and never be given free formula gifts. (skepticalob.com)
- Your body prepares for breastfeeding while you are pregnant. (lhsc.on.ca)
- Breastfeeding and Diet You might be surprised to learn that you will require more calories when you are breast feeding than you did while you were pregnant. (howstuffworks.com)
- If you are pregnant now have you considered that your baby will need to be held and fed so frequently? (blogspot.co.uk)
- You can breast-feed even if you have started mensurating and even if unluckily you have become pregnant again, in which case quantity of breastfeeding will have to be reduced. (healthlibrary.com)
- Well around the 1 month mark out of sheer desperation I bought some Avent nipple shield protectors . (ohsheglows.com)
- This is an example of nipple shield, mentioned above. (bellaonline.com)
- Then she gave me my lifesaver…a nipple shield! (afterthealter.com)
- Although Christian is happier with out the shield, my nipples sadly to say are not. (afterthealter.com)
- Be sceptical if you LC is quick to use a nipple shield. (happymom.in)
- Don't strip these natural oils from your nipples by using harsh soap or rubbing them dry with a towel. (medela.com)
- You do not need to rub them with a towel or "toughen them up. (milkworks.org)
- Toughening " the nipples with a towel is no longer recommended. (peacefulparents.org)
- Her mother told her breastfeeding will hurt and she should be "toughening" up her nipples by rubbing them between feeds, preferably with a rough towel. (preciousmomentsbabeez.com)
- Glands surrounding the nipple produce a sebaceous oil that keeps the skin of the nipple area supple. (drtorihudson.com)
- I also had multiple issues including yeast infection in my nipples (it's a fungus). (mamapedia.com)
- Stretched skin and frequent feeding can be a tough combo for your delicate, sensitive skin. (lansinoh.com)
- One of the most frequent questions expectant moms ask me is: "How do I prepare to breastfeed? (birthways.org)
- Another may call herself a "lactation educator" or "breastfeeding counselor. (second9months.com)
- Feed your baby any colostrum that you express. (milkworks.org)
- Expose your nipples to air briefly after each feeding. (whattoexpect.com)
- The nipples and areolas may begin to darken. (theleakyboob.com)
- Your only job in the early postpartum weeks is to let your body gently heal from childbirth and to keep breastfeeding. (birthways.org)
- There is usually a transient nipple tenderness that passes after an infant has spent roughly 24 hours at the breast. (drtorihudson.com)
- The infant has reflexes that enhance the breastfeeding process and mothers receive hormonal priming to breastfeed at delivery and throughout lactation. (drtorihudson.com)
- Many mothers find the first two to three weeks of breastfeeding to be the most challenging. (milkworks.org)
- Many mothers find breastfeeding to be a relaxing bonding experience. (mumsnet.com)
- Rubbing or toughening your nipples removes the natural oils that protect your nipples. (lhsc.on.ca)
- While in the hospital or at your Mother/Baby Wellness appointment, you will be given a brochure entitled "Breast-feeding: A Good Beginning", with information on feeding and breast care. (lhsc.on.ca)
- The right tools combined with a little (okay a lot of) dedication transforms breastfeeding into a rewarding experience that has so many benefits for both mother and baby. (hubpages.com)
- Finally, there is a benefit to the mother from breastfeeding. (howstuffworks.com)
- Also, whatever the mother takes into her body can be passed on to the baby through the breast milk. (howstuffworks.com)
- Breastfeeding is a process that unfolds and changes as a mother and her baby master the skill. (milkworks.org)
- Long-term benefits for the mother include decreased risk of breast cancer , cardiovascular disease , and rheumatoid arthritis . (wikipedia.org)
- Size increases as well, but breast size is not related to the amount of milk that the mother will be able to produce after the baby is born. (wikipedia.org)
- When choosing a health care provider for the infant, a new mother might want to ask what specific resources they have for breastfeeding mothers. (drtorihudson.com)
- The only other thing that should be noted before birth is if the mother has flat or inverted nipples. (bellaonline.com)
- Whether using an underwire bra or not, consider getting a professional fitting at a new mother or breastfeeding boutique if one is available. (bellaonline.com)
- Some I'm sure will be wondering how this is in anyway comparable to breastfeeding, so let me show you what one mother showed me during my last visit. (analyticalarmadillo.co.uk)
- Cow - the infant is capable of following the mother shortly after birth and feeds approximately 2hrly. (blogspot.co.uk)
- Dr. Niles Newton Breastfeeding Is Lovemaking Between Mother & Child By Rasa Von Werder p. 33. (wikiquote.org)
- Breast feeding benefits the nursing mother in many ways. (healthlibrary.com)
- I had never known that you could get yeast in the breast and some moms on her told me what it was. (mamapedia.com)
- We used to tell moms they had to "toughen up their nipples" but now research has shown, (thank heavens) that "nipple toughening" makes no difference. (birthways.org)
- The usual reason that the baby does not get the milk that is available is that he is poorly latched onto the breast. (maternitycorner.com)
- Here, we debunk the most common myths about breastfeeding. (lansinoh.com)
- Before you give birth, preparing your nipples for breastfeeding is not necessary. (lhsc.on.ca)
- For example, if you have a night out planned, you can give your baby milk expressed beforehand to eliminate any chances of alcohol entering her system through your breast milk. (mumsnet.com)
- However, there's lots you can do to ensure your baby gets the great start breastfeeding offers if you decide you want to give it a go. (mumsnet.com)
- I am wanting to breastfeed when I give birth to this baby but I am kinda lost on the whole thing. (mamapedia.com)
- Well, I breastfeed, my daughter who will be 14 months Nov. 3rd shes just not ready to give it up yet which is fine with me it's good for her. (mamapedia.com)
- This is the last blog in our series about why mums in Northern Ireland give up breastfeeding within the first week of birth. (blogspot.co.uk)
- I tend to feed him on a schedule of every three hours, but I feed him sooner if he is showing clear signs of hunger. (llli.org)
- during the daytime wake your baby to feed at least every 3 hours (and sooner if they like) and every 4-5 hours during the night. (birthways.org)
- If the baby is born after an unmedicated labor, he will probably be eager to breastfeed, and the sooner he begins, the better he will nurse. (peacefulparents.org)
- Then you can use a medicine cup or syringe and feed it that way. (babycenter.com)
- Breastfeeding consultant came to my house, helped me express with a breastpump and said I could slowly squirt milk into my LO (little one) mouth with a syringe. (babycenter.com)
- We will show you the two main strategies in feeding methods -- demand and schedule feedings. (howstuffworks.com)
- Remember, breastfeeding is supply and demand. (peacefulparents.org)
- You'll feel like you never stop feeding for the first 6 weeks as they put in supply and demand. (babycentre.co.uk)
- No special tricks, he was just fed on demand like you're doing. (babycentre.co.uk)
- Following delivery of a preterm infant, the breast produces 'premie milk' for 6 weeks. (drtorihudson.com)