Neurofilament proteins. Medical search

Type III intermediate filament proteins that assemble into neurofilaments, the major cytoskeletal element in nerve axons and dendrites. They consist of three distinct polypeptides, the neurofilament triplet. Types I, II, and IV intermediate filament proteins form other cytoskeletal elements such as keratins and lamins. It appears that the metabolism of neurofilaments is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease, as indicated by the presence of neurofilament epitopes in the neurofibrillary tangles, as well as by the severe reduction of the expression of the gene for the light neurofilament subunit of the neurofilament triplet in brains of Alzheimer's patients. (Can J Neurol Sci 1990 Aug;17(3):302)

Filaments 7-11 nm in diameter found in the cytoplasm of all cells. Many specific proteins belong to this group, e.g., desmin, vimentin, prekeratin, decamin, skeletin, neurofilin, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acid protein.

Cytoplasmic filaments intermediate in diameter (about 10 nanometers) between the microfilaments and the microtubules. They may be composed of any of a number of different proteins and form a ring around the cell nucleus.

The directed transport of ORGANELLES and molecules along nerve cell AXONS. Transport can be anterograde (from the cell body) or retrograde (toward the cell body). (Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3d ed, pG3)

Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.

A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore linguistic group natives of the highlands of NEW GUINEA. The illness is primarily restricted to adult females and children of both sexes. It is marked by the subacute onset of tremor and ataxia followed by motor weakness and incontinence. Death occurs within 3-6 months of disease onset. The condition is associated with ritual cannibalism, and has become rare since this practice has been discontinued. Pathologic features include a noninflammatory loss of neurons that is most prominent in the cerebellum, glial proliferation, and amyloid plaques. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p773)

Subcellular structures found in nerve cell bodies and DENDRITES. They consist of granular endoplasmic reticulum (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH) and RIBOSOMES.

The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.

The delicate interlacing threads, formed by aggregations of neurofilaments and neurotubules, coursing through the CYTOPLASM of the body of a NEURON and extending from one DENDRITE into another or into the AXON.

A superorder of CEPHALOPODS comprised of squid, cuttlefish, and their relatives. Their distinguishing feature is the modification of their fourth pair of arms into tentacles, resulting in 10 limbs.

A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

An intermediate filament protein found in most differentiating cells, in cells grown in tissue culture, and in certain fully differentiated cells. Its insolubility suggests that it serves a structural function in the cytoplasm. MW 52,000.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000.

Type III intermediate filament proteins expressed mainly in neurons of the peripheral and CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS. Peripherins are implicated in neurite elongation during development and axonal regeneration after injury.

A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE.

A serine-threonine kinase that plays important roles in CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MIGRATION; and CELL DEATH of NERVE CELLS. It is closely related to other CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES but does not seem to participate in CELL CYCLE regulation.

The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolated from SPERM FLAGELLUM; CILIA; and other sources. Structurally, the protein is a dimer with a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 5.8S. It binds to COLCHICINE; VINCRISTINE; and VINBLASTINE.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.

Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.

Techniques for removal by adsorption and subsequent elution of a specific antibody or antigen using an immunosorbent containing the homologous antigen or antibody.

Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.

A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)

The resection or removal of the nerve to an organ or part. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.

Neurons of the innermost layer of the retina, the internal plexiform layer. They are of variable sizes and shapes, and their axons project via the OPTIC NERVE to the brain. A small subset of these cells act as photoreceptors with projections to the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS, the center for regulating CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.

Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

Factors which enhance the growth potentialities of sensory and sympathetic nerve cells.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Slender, cylindrical filaments found in the cytoskeleton of plant and animal cells. They are composed of the protein TUBULIN and are influenced by TUBULIN MODULATORS.

A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu, participate in the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER, form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Nerve terminal damage by beta-bungarotoxin: its clinical significance. (1/1047)

We report here original data on the biological basis of prolonged neuromuscular paralysis caused by the toxic phospholipase A2 beta-bungarotoxin. Electron microscopy and immunocytochemical labeling with anti-synaptophysin and anti-neurofilament have been used to show that the early onset of paralysis is associated with the depletion of synaptic vesicles from the motor nerve terminals of skeletal muscle and that this is followed by the destruction of the motor nerve terminal and the degeneration of the cytoskeleton of the intramuscular axons. The postjunctional architecture of the junctions were unaffected and the binding of fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin to acetylcholine receptor was not apparently affected by exposure to beta-bungarotoxin. The re-innervation of the muscle fiber was associated by extensive pre- and post-terminal sprouting at 3 to 5 days but was stable by 7 days. Extensive collateral innervation of adjacent muscle fibers was a significant feature of the re-innervated neuromuscular junctions. These findings suggest that the prolonged and severe paralysis seen in victims of envenoming bites by kraits (elapid snakes of the genus Bungarus) and other related snakes of the family Elapidae is caused by the depletion of synaptic vesicles from motor nerve terminals and the degeneration of the motor nerve terminal and intramuscular axons. (+info)

ELAV tumor antigen, Hel-N1, increases translation of neurofilament M mRNA and induces formation of neurites in human teratocarcinoma cells. (2/1047)

Human ELAV proteins are implicated in cell growth and differentiation via regulation of mRNA expression in the cytoplasm. In human embryonic teratocarcinoma (hNT2) cells transfected with the human neuronal ELAV-like protein, Hel-N1, neurites formed, yet cells were not terminally differentiated. Cells in which neurite formation was associated with Hel-N1 overexpression, also expressed increased levels of endogenous neurofilament M (NF-M) protein, which distributed along the neurites. However, steady-state levels of NF-M mRNA remained similar whether or not hNT2 cells were transfected with Hel-N1. These findings suggest that turnover of NF-M mRNA was not affected by Hel-N1 expression, despite the fact that Hel-N1 can bind to the 3' UTR of NF-M mRNA and was found directly associated with NF-M mRNA in transfected cells. Analysis of the association of NF-M mRNA with the translational apparatus in Hel-N1 transfectants showed nearly complete recruitment to heavy polysomes, indicating that Hel-N1 caused an increase in translational initiation. Our results suggest that the stability and/or translation of ARE-containing mRNAs can be regulated independently by the ELAV protein, Hel-N1, depending upon sequence elements in the 3' UTRs and upon the inherent turnover rates of the mRNAs that are bound to Hel-N1 in vivo. (+info)

Deamidation and isoaspartate formation in smeared tau in paired helical filaments. Unusual properties of the microtubule-binding domain of tau. (3/1047)

An extensive loss of a selected population of neurons in Alzheimer's disease is closely related to the formation of paired helical filaments (PHFs). The most striking characteristic of PHFs upon Western blotting is their smearing. According to a previously described protocol (Morishima-Kawashima, M., Hasegawa, M., Takio, K., Suzuki, M., Titani, K., and Ihara, Y. (1993) Neuron 10, 1151-1160), smeared tau was purified, and its peptide map was compared with that of soluble (normal) tau. A CNBr fragment from soluble tau (CN5; residues 251-419 according to the 441-residue isoform) containing the microtubule-binding domain migrated at 15 and 18 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, whereas that from smeared tau exhibited two larger, unusually broad bands at approximately 30 and approximately 45 kDa, presumably representing dimers and trimers of CN5. In the peptide map of smeared tau-derived CN5, distinct peaks eluting at unusual locations were noted. Amino acid sequence and mass spectrometric analyses revealed that these distinct peptides bear isoaspartate at Asn-381 and Asp-387. Because no unusual peptides other than aspartyl or isoaspartyl peptide were found in the digests of smeared tau-derived CN5, it is likely that site-specific deamidation and isoaspartate formation are involved in its dimerization and trimerization and thus in PHF formation in vivo. (+info)

Aberrant neurofilament phosphorylation in sensory neurons of rats with diabetic neuropathy. (4/1047)

Aberrant neurofilament phosphorylation occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases, and in this study, two animal models of type 1 diabetes--the spontaneously diabetic BB rat and the streptozocin-induced diabetic rat--have been used to determine whether such a phenomenon is involved in the etiology of the symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy commonly associated with diabetes. There was a two- to threefold (P < 0.05) elevation of neurofilament phosphorylation in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of diabetic rats that was localized to perikarya of medium to large neurons using immunocytochemistry. Additionally, diabetes enhanced neurofilament M phosphorylation by 2.5-fold (P < 0.001) in sural nerve of BB rats. Neurofilaments are substrates of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, which includes c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) or stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) 1 and 2. Diabetes induced a significant three- to fourfold (P < 0.05) increase in phosphorylation of a 54-kDa isoform of JNK in DRG and sural nerve, and this correlated with elevated c-Jun and neurofilament phosphorylation. In diabetes, ERK phosphorylation was also increased in the DRG, but not in sural nerve. Immunocytochemistry showed that JNK was present in sensory neuron perikarya and axons. Motoneuron perikarya and peroneal nerve of diabetic rats showed no evidence of increased neurofilament phosphorylation and failed to exhibit phosphorylation of JNK. It is hypothesized that in sensory neurons of diabetic rats, aberrant phosphorylation of neurofilament may contribute to the distal sensory axonopathy observed in diabetes. (+info)

Overexpression of alpha-internexin causes abnormal neurofilamentous accumulations and motor coordination deficits in transgenic mice. (5/1047)

alpha-Internexin is the first neuronal intermediate filament (IF) protein expressed in postmitotic neurons of the developing nervous system. In the adult, its expression is restricted to mature neurons in the CNS. To study the potential role of alpha-internexin in neurodegeneration, we have generated transgenic mice that overexpress rat alpha-internexin. The total levels of alpha-internexin expressed in the hemizygous and homozygous transgenic mice were approximately 2 and approximately 3 times the normal level, respectively. Overexpression of alpha-internexin resulted in the formation of cerebellar torpedoes as early as 1 month of age. These torpedoes are abnormal swellings of Purkinje cell axons that are usually seen in neurodegenerative diseases involving the cerebellum. EM studies showed accumulations of high levels of IFs and abnormal organelles in the torpedoes and soma of Purkinje cells, as well as in the large pyramidal neurons of the neocortex and in the ventral anterior and posteromedial nuclei of the thalamus. Behavioral tests demonstrate that these mice have a deficit in motor coordination as early as 3 months of age, consistent with the morphological neuronal changes. Our data further demonstrate that the neurofilamentous inclusions also lead to progressive loss of neurons in the aged transgenic mice. The motor coordination deficit and the loss of neurons are transgene dosage-dependent. These data yield direct evidence that high levels of misaccumulated neuronal IFs lead to neuronal dysfunction, progressive neurodegeneration, and ultimate loss of neurons. Moreover, the degrees of neuronal dysfunction and degeneration are proportional to the levels of misaccumulated neuronal IFs. (+info)

Development of the chick olfactory nerve. (6/1047)

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced and secreted by neurons dispersed throughout the septal-preoptic and anterior hypothalamic areas in adult birds and mammals. These neurons, essential for a functional brain-pituitary-gonadal axis, differentiate in the olfactory placode, the superior aspect of which forms the olfactory epithelium. To reach their final placement within the brain, GnRH neurons migrate out of the epithelium and along the olfactory nerve to the CNS. This nerve is essential for the entrance of GnRH neurons into the CNS. Due to the importance of the nerve for the proper migration of these neurons, we have used immunocytochemistry, DiI labeling and 1 microm serial plastic-embedded sections to characterize the nerve's earliest development in the embryonic chick (stages 17-21). Initially (stage 17) the zone between the placode and prosencephalon is a cellular mass contiguous with the placode. This cluster, known as epithelioid cells, is positive for some but not all neuronal markers studied. The epithelium itself is negative for all neuronal and glial markers at this early stage. By stage 18, the first neurites emerge from the epithelium; this was confirmed at stage 19 by examination of serial 1 microm plastic sections. There is sequential acquisition of immunoreactivity to neuronal markers from stage 18 to 21. The glial component of the nerve appears at stage 21. Axons originating from epithelium, extend to the border of the CNS as confirmed by DiI labeling at stage 21. Small fascicles have entered the CNS at this stage. As previously reported, GnRH neurons begin their migration between stages 20-21 and have also arrived at the border of the brain at stage 21. Despite the penetration of neurites from the olfactory nerve into the CNS, GnRH neurons pause at the nerve-brain junction until stage 29 (2 1/2 days later) before entering the brain. Subsequent studies will examine the nature of the impediment to continued GnRH neuronal migration. (+info)

Claudin-11/OSP-based tight junctions of myelin sheaths in brain and Sertoli cells in testis. (7/1047)

Members of the newly identified claudin gene family constitute tight junction (TJ) strands, which play a pivotal role in compartmentalization in multicellular organisms. We identified oligodendrocyte-specific protein (OSP) as claudin-11, a new claudin family member, due to its sequence similarity to claudins as well as its ability to form TJ strands in transfected fibroblasts. Claudin-11/OSP mRNA was expressed in the brain and testis. Immunofluorescence microscopy with anti-claudin-11/OSP polyclonal antibody (pAb) and anti-neurofilament mAb revealed that in the brain claudin-11/OSP-positive linear structures run in a gentle spiral around neurofilament-positive axons. At the electron microscopic level, these linear structures were identified as the so-called interlamellar strands in myelin sheaths of oligodendrocytes. In testis, well-developed TJ strands of Sertoli cells were specifically labeled with anti-claudin-11/OSP pAb both at immunofluorescence and electron microscopic levels. These findings indicated that the interlamellar strands of oligodendrocyte myelin sheaths can be regarded as a variant of TJ strands found in many other epithelial cells, and that these strands share a specific claudin species, claudin-11/OSP, with those in Sertoli cells to create and maintain the repeated compartments around axons by oligodendrocytes. (+info)

Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (Erk1 and Erk2) cascade results in phosphorylation of NF-M tail domains in transfected NIH 3T3 cells. (8/1047)

Neurofilaments (NFs) are neuron-specific intermediate filaments, and are the major cytoskeletal component in large myelinated axons. Lysine-serine-proline (KSP) repeats in the tail domains of high molecular weight NF proteins (NF-M and NF-H) are extensively phosphorylated in vivo in the axon. This phosphorylation in the tail domain has been postulated to play an important role in mediating neuron-specific properties, including axonal caliber and conduction velocity. Recent studies have shown that the mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Erk1 and Erk2) phosphorylate KSP motifs in peptide substrates derived from the NF-M and NF-H tail domains in vitro. However, it is not clear whether activation of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is able to phosphorylate these domains in vivo. To answer this question, a constitutively active form of mitogen-activated Erk activating kinase (MEK1) was cotransfected with an NF-M expression construct into NIH 3T3 cells. The activated mutant, but not the dominant negative mutant, induced phosphorylation of NF-M. In addition, it was shown that epidermal growth factor, which induces the MAP kinase cascade in NIH 3T3 cells, also activated endogenous Erk1 and Erk2 and NF-M tail domain phosphorylation in the transfected cells. These results present direct evidence that in-vivo activation of Erk1 and Erk 2 is sufficient for NF-M tail domain phosphorylation in transfected cells. (+info)

The protein was originally purified from rat optic nerve and spinal cord. The protein copurifies with other neurofilament ... As development continues into neurons the neurofilament triplet proteins (NF-L: neurofilament low molecular mass, NF-M: ... along with the neurofilament triplet proteins. They are expressed in a relatively fixed stoichiometric ratio to neurofilaments ... α-internexin is functionally interdependent with the neurofilament triplet proteins. If one genetically deletes NF-M and/or NF- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internexin

Neurofilament medium polypeptide (NF-M) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEFM gene. Neurofilaments are type IV ... This gene encodes the medium neurofilament protein. This protein is commonly used as a biomarker of neuronal damage. GRCh38: ... "Cytoplasmic O-GlcNAc modification of the head domain and the KSP repeat motif of the neurofilament protein neurofilament-H". J ... 1987). "The human mid-size neurofilament subunit: a repeated protein sequence and the relationship of its gene to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEFM

"PKN associates and phosphorylates the head-rod domain of neurofilament protein". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (16): 9816-22. doi:10.1074/ ... Serine/threonine-protein kinase N1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PKN1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... "PKN associates and phosphorylates the head-rod domain of neurofilament protein". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (16): 9816-22. doi:10.1074/ ... "Analysis of RhoA-binding proteins reveals an interaction domain conserved in heterotrimeric G protein beta subunits and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_kinase_N1

... , also known as neurofilament light chain, is a neurofilament protein that in humans is encoded ... notably the tau and neurofilament light chain proteins. Xu Z, Henderson RD, David M, McCombe PA (2016). "Neurofilaments as ... Neurofilament light polypeptide has been shown to interact with: MAP2, Protein kinase N1, and TSC1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89 ... Chin SS, Liem RK (December 1989). "Expression of rat neurofilament proteins NF-L and NF-M in transfected non-neuronal cells". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurofilament_light_polypeptide

"TDP43 is a human low molecular weight neurofilament (hNFL) mRNA-binding protein". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 35 (2 ... TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43, transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa) is a protein that in humans is encoded by ... The entire protein devoid of large solubilising tags has been purified. The full-length protein is a dimer. The dimer is formed ... March 2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAR_DNA-binding_protein_43

For example, there is an increase in phosphorylated neurofilament proteins and cytoskeletal components, tubulin and actin, in ... Goldstein, ME; Cooper, HS; Bruce, J; Carden, MJ; Lee, VM; Schlaepfer, WW (1987). "Phosphorylation of neurofilament proteins and ... The increase in protein can be explained by the increase in cytoskeleton size. Changes in the cell body cytoskeleton seem to be ... Also both seem to be mechanically related to a disruption of the delivery of neurofilament to the axon due to a decreased ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatolysis

... negative for neurofilament proteins). There is also considerable clinical interest in the use of neurofilament proteins as ... neurofilament proteins are released into the blood or cerebrospinal fluid. Immunoassays of neurofilament proteins in ... mammalian neurofilaments were originally thought to be composed of just three proteins called neurofilament protein L (low ... The proteins that form neurofilaments are members of the intermediate filament protein family, which is divided into six types ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurofilament

Wild's research since 2017 has focused on the potential of neurofilament light and mutant huntingtin protein as biomarkers for ... "Evaluation of mutant huntingtin and neurofilament proteins as potential markers in Huntington's disease". Science Translational ... In 2015 he published the first successful detection and quantification of mutant huntingtin protein (the known cause of ... for the finding that neurofilament light in blood can predict onset and progression of HD). 2018 Elected Fellow of the Royal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Wild_(neuroscientist)

"Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase 1 Regulates Protein Phosphatase 2A-Mediated Topographic Phosphorylation of Neurofilament Proteins". ... The enzyme binds to a subset of proteins and thus plays a role as a post phosphorylation control in regulating protein function ... Pin is a small protein at 18 kDa and does not have a nuclear localization or export signal. However, 2009, Lufei et al. ... "Entrez Gene: PIN1 Protein (peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase) NIMA-interacting 1". da Costa, Kauê Santana; Galúcio, João ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIN1

"Effect of Guilingji on expression of neurofilament protein in cerebral cortex and corpus striatum". Chinese Journal of Anatomy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangyuyuan

Frappier T, Regnouf F, Pradel LA (1988). "Binding of brain spectrin to the 70-kDa neurofilament subunit protein". Eur. J. ... Secondly, another insert of 20 amino acids in the 10th spectrin repeat, termed SH3i+, contains protein kinase A and protein ... Herrmann H, Wiche G (1987). "Plectin and IFAP-300K are homologous proteins binding to microtubule-associated proteins 1 and 2 ... Ankyrin repeats of the multidomain Shank protein family interact with the cytoskeletal protein alpha-fodrin". J. Biol. Chem. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPTAN1

This includes synaptophysin, neurofilament protein, and CRX, a specific pineal or retinal marker, positive staining. Initial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineoblastoma

In contrast, structural proteins such as tubulin and neurofilament subunits are transported at lower rates. Proteins that are ... Microtubule Neurofilament Tubulin Microtubule associated protein Neuronal migration "Medical Definition of NEUROTUBULE". www. ... Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are proteins that interact with microtubules by binding to their tubulin subunits and ... soluble protein. The speed of transport depends on the types of cargo to be transported. Neurotrophins, a family of proteins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotubule

"Analysis of epitopes shared by Hirano bodies and neurofilament proteins in normal and Alzheimer's disease hippocampus". Lab. ... It was observed that Hirano bodies are a specific site of a C-terminal fragment of β-amyloid precursor proteins. University of ... More specifically the actin and actin binding proteins seen in Hirano bodies are a significant feature of an Alzheimer's ... Hirano bodies are intracellular aggregates of actin and actin-associated proteins first observed in neurons (nerve cells) by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirano_body

Neurofilament, heavy polypeptide (NEFH) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEFH gene. It is the gene for a heavy ... protein subunit that is combined with medium and light subunits to make neurofilaments, which form the framework for nerve ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEFH

"Characterization of the human superior olivary complex by calcium binding proteins and neurofilament H (SMI-32)". The Journal ... "Characterization of the rhesus monkey superior olivary complex by calcium binding proteins and synaptophysin". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_olivary_complex

A preliminary study about neurofilament light chain and tau protein levels in psoriasis: Correlation with disease severity. ... "A preliminary study about neurofilament light chain and tau protein levels in psoriasis: Correlation with disease severity." ... Okan and his team reported their findings that psoriasis patients had unusually high levels of neurofilament and Tau protein, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gökhan_Okan

... proteins co-aggregate with spheroid neurofilaments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis". Journal of Neuropathology and ... Microtubule-associated protein 6 (MAP6) or stable tubule-only polypeptide (STOP or STOP protein) is a protein that in humans is ... A MAP6-related protein, TbSAXO, has been discovered in Trypanosoma brucei. The domains of the protein responsible for ... This gene encodes a microtubule-associated protein (MAP). The encoded protein is a calmodulin-binding and calmodulin-regulated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAP6

... and these cells form interconnected axon networks and express tetanus toxin receptors and neurofilament proteins. By 10-14 days ... of NTERA-2 clonal human embryonal carcinoma cells into neurons involves the induction of all three neurofilament proteins". J ... as well as microtubule-associated proteins expressed in human neuroepithelium. NTERA-2 cells also accumulate cytoplasmic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTERA-2

Other molecules that can be degraded by calpains are microtubule subunits, microtubule-associated proteins, and neurofilaments ... as well as tau protein and amyloid precursor protein (APP) deposition. Lesions typically are found in the white matter of ... One of the proteins activated by the presence of calcium in the cell is calpain, a Ca2+-dependent non-lysosomal protease. About ... "Topography of axonal injury as defined by amyloid precursor protein and the sector scoring method in mild and severe closed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_axonal_injury

... microtubule-associated proteins, and neurofilaments. It may also damage ion channels, other enzymes, cell adhesion molecules, ... to recognize its common properties with two well-known proteins at the time, the calcium-regulated signalling protein, ... A calpain (/ˈkælpeɪn/; EC 3.4.22.52, EC 3.4.22.53) is a protein belonging to the family of calcium-dependent, non-lysosomal ... Amongst protein substrates, tertiary structure elements rather than primary amino acid sequences are likely responsible for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calpain

"Myotubularin-related 2 protein phosphatase and neurofilament light chain protein, both mutated in CMT neuropathies, interact in ... The protein also contains a GRAM domain. Mutations in this gene are a cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B, an ... The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 6 (3): 197-205. doi: ... Myotubularin-related protein 2 also known as phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate 3-phosphatase or phosphatidylinositol-3- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTMR2

A Lewy body is composed of the protein alpha-synuclein associated with other proteins, such as ubiquitin, neurofilament protein ... Tau proteins may also be present, and Lewy bodies may occasionally be surrounded by neurofibrillary tangles. Lewy bodies and ... When misfolded proteins aggregate, or clump together, many diseases are more likely to develop, including those that are ... He was the first doctor to notice some unusual proteins in the brain, comparing them to earlier findings by Gonzalo Rodríguez ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewy_body

Several neuronal markers such as neurofilament proteins, HNK-1 antigen and tetanus toxin binding sites are expressed at highest ... "Bone morphogenetic proteins induce cardiomyocyte differentiation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase ... After 10 days of exposure, astroglial cells can be detected using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), which is a specific ... The main affected signaling pathway, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) pathway is the most strongly studied signaling in P19 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P19_cell

Studies of extracted proteins suggest that this anemone's neurons contain neurofilament-like proteins that are molecularly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condylactis_gigantea

Finally, a loss of vesicular monoamine transporters, neurofilament proteins, and other morphological changes appear to indicate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocaine_intoxication

... but it can also heteropolymerize with neurofilaments in several neuronal types. This protein in humans is encoded by the PRPH ... Its size, structure, and sequence/location of protein motifs is similar to other type III intermediate filament proteins such ... with other type III proteins or the light neurofilament subunit (NF-L) to form intermediate filament networks. Type III ... glial fibrillary acidic protein, and desmin. All intermediate filament proteins share a common secondary structure consisting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripherin

Neurofilament light chain is a protein that is important in the growth and branching of neurons-cells found in the brain. In ... Atrophy of any tissue means a decrement in the size of the cell, which can be due to progressive loss of cytoplasmic proteins. ... Other biomarkers like Ng - a protein important in long-term potentiation and memory - have been tracked for their associations ... One study took advantage of biomarkers, namely one called neurofilament light chain (NFL), in patients with Alzheimer's Disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_atrophy

Seven genes encode for the heavy (NF-H), medium (NF-M) and light neurofilament (NF-L) proteins, nestin and α-internexin in ... Nestin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NES gene. Nestin (acronym for neuroepithelial stem cell protein) is a type ... neurofilaments and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Nestin expression is reinduced in the adult during pathological ... These intermediate filament proteins are expressed mostly in nerve cells where they are implicated in the radial growth of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestin_(protein)

... and neurofilament protein. Some medulloblastomas may also display other forms of differentiation as demonstrated by the ... presence of the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. Skeletal muscle and melanocytic differentiation are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palisade_(pathology)

... neurofilament protein) → - CD56/N-CAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) → ++ S100 → ++ Transthyretin → - Vimentin → +++ Desmin ... These cells have proteins that make up the characteristics of the tumor. These proteins arise from blood vessels, nerve cells ... The cytoplasmic and often nuclear expression of S100 protein is present in nearly all tumor cells, and vimentin typically ... glial fibrillary acidic protein) → + Synaptophysin → - Chromogranin → - NSE (neuron-specific enolase) → ++ NFP ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillary_tumors_of_the_pineal_region

... s express chemosensory proteins, like TRPM5 and α-gustducin. These proteins indicate that neighbouring neurons can ... Tuft cells can be identified by staining for cytokeratin 18, neurofilaments, actin filaments, acetylated tubulin, and DCLK1 to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuft_cell

... nerve tissue protein - nerve tissue protein S 100 - nervous system - neurobiology - neurofilament protein - neurokinin A - ... protein - protein biosynthesis - Protein Data Bank - protein design - protein expression - protein folding - protein isoform - ... protein P16 - protein P34cdc2 - protein precursor - protein structure prediction - protein subunit - protein synthesis - ... proto-oncogene protein C-kit - proto-oncogene proteins c-abl - proto-oncogene proteins c-bcl-2 - Proto-oncogene proteins c-fos ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_biochemistry_articles

In the CNS the major myelin protein is proteolipid protein, and in the PNS it is myelin basic protein. Nodes of Ranvier (also ... and neurofilaments, in both directions between the axon and its terminals and the cell body. Outgoing anterograde transport ... The Nissl bodies that produce the neuronal proteins are absent in the axonal region. Proteins needed for the growth of the axon ... There are many forms of kinesin and dynein motor proteins, and each is thought to carry a different cargo. The studies on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon

Immunofluorescent antibody staining against neurofilament (green) and Ki-67 (red) in a mouse embryo 12.5 days after ... Protein Ki-67 in human MCF-7 cells Ki-67 protein (red), tubulin (green) and DNA (blue) in HeLa cells. Dividing cells show ... whereas in mitosis most of the protein is relocated to the surface of the chromosomes. Ki-67 protein is present during all ... The Ki-67 protein (also known as MKI67) is a cellular marker for proliferation, and can be used in immunohistochemistry. It is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki-67_(protein)

... a protein (enzyme) that catalyzes (increases the rates of) chemical reactions Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy, a ... a rare neurological disorder that causes disorganization of neurofilaments Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropathy_(disambiguation)

The presence of an aromatic residue, usually a tryptophan, in the CaM-binding region of Ca2+-CaM-regulated proteins may also be ... PDE1A2 has a potential role in neurodegenerative diseases, including: Parkinson's disease Axonal neurofilament degradation ... Thevelein JM, de Winde JH (September 1999). "Novel sensing mechanisms and targets for the cAMP-protein kinase A pathway in the ... Phosphorylation of PDE1A1 and PDE1A2 by protein kinase A and of PDE1B1 by CaM Kinase II decreases their sensitivity to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDE1

The abnormal distribution of gap junction proteins such as GJA1 (also known as Connexin 43), and GJA5 (Connexin 40) causes non- ... "Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation". Journal of the American Heart Association. 11 (14): ... and Alzheimer disease and with elevated levels of neurofilament light chain in blood, a biomarker indicating neuroaxonal injury ... "Rare truncating variants in the sarcomeric protein titin associate with familial and early-onset atrial fibrillation". Nature ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

... monosomy 7 Mouse orthologue of ARX MRP4 Msi-1 Musashi Musashi-1 Mutant BCRP nestin neurofilament microtubule-associated protein ... Below is a list of genes/protein products that can be used to identify various types of stem cells, or functional assays that ... Stahl J, Wobus AM, Ihrig S, Lutsch G, Bielka H (September 1992). "The small heat shock protein hsp25 is accumulated in P19 ... Stem cell markers are genes and their protein products used by scientists to isolate and identify stem cells. Stem cells can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_marker

Although the protein created localizes within the nucleus and is barely detectable in axons, studies suggest that its ... The depolymerization of microtubules occurs and is soon followed by degradation of the neurofilaments and other cytoskeleton ... The SARM1 protein has four domains, a mitochondrial localization signal, an auto-inhibitory N-terminus region consisting of ... The protective effect of the WldS protein has been shown to be due to the NMNAT1 region's NAD+ synthesizing active site. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallerian_degeneration

She had heard that Down syndrome was a disease of the neurofilaments; this turned out not to be the cause, but it was noted ... This was the first time a researcher demonstrated that a single amino acid exchange in a protein can cause a disease or ... At Rockefeller, he worked with Moses Kunitz on crystallising proteins. While at Yale, he studied peptide chemistry with Joseph ... studying protein chemistry. In 1956, Ingram, John A. Hunt, and Antony O. W. Stretton determined that the change in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_Ingram

Some cases of CIDP are reported to be produced by auto-antibodies against several neurofascin proteins. These proteins are ... February 2019). "Prognostic value of serum neurofilaments in patients with clinically isolated syndromes". Neurology. 92 (7): ... contactin associated protein 1 (CASPR1) and gliomedin. All of them nodal and paranodal proteins. Several anti-TNF drugs like ... in MS-like and ADEM-like Proteomic analysis have shown that two proteins, Secretogranin II and Protein 7B2, in CSF can be used ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_demyelinating_diseases_of_the_central_nervous_system

... the roles of proteins showing loss of nerve tissue such as neurofilaments, tau, and N-acetylaspartate are under investigation. ... October 2018). "Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders" (PDF). Nature Reviews. Neurology. 14 (10): 577-589. doi ... Petzold A (June 2005). "Neurofilament phosphoforms: surrogate markers for axonal injury, degeneration and loss" (PDF). Journal ... and more activation of cytokines and other destructive proteins. Inflammation can potentially reduce transmission of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis

One of these is the phosphorylated, axonal form of the major neurofilament protein heavy chain protein which has the HGNC name ... Another class of antibody to neurofilament NF-L was shown to bind only neurofilaments in healthy neurons and their processes ... Two further studies describe novel EnCor assays for UCHL1 and alpha-synuclein, two major brain proteins implicated in the ... Some have become useful for diagnostic histopathology and for monitoring the levels of protein biomarkers, of research and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EnCor_Biotechnology

The GABAA beta-2 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GABRB2 gene. It combines with other subunits to form the ... "Genome-wide association study identifies two loci influencing plasma neurofilament light levels". BMC Medical Genomics. 11 (1 ... GABRB2+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Overview of all the structural ... GABRB2 includes a consensus sequence for a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II within exon 10 which is only expressed by β2L ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABRB2

Tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), also known as hamartin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TSC1 gene. TSC1 functions as ... "The TSC1 tumor suppressor hamartin interacts with neurofilament-L and possibly functions as a novel integrator of the neuronal ... Two proteins involved in tuberous sclerosis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (24): 21017-21. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... TSC1, TSC2 and TBC1D7 is a multi-protein complex also known as the TSC complex. This complex negatively regulates mTORC1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSC1

Several extracellular matrix proteins are enriched at nodes of Ranvier, including tenascin-R, Bral-1, and proteoglycan NG2, as ... The decreased axon size reflects a higher packing density of neurofilaments in this region, which are less heavily ... All of these proteins, including ankyrin, are enriched in the initial segment of axons which suggests a functional relationship ... The proteins in these excitable domains of neuron when injured may result in cognitive disorders and various neuropathic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node_of_Ranvier

Syncoilin is an atypical type III IF protein. Alpha-internexin Neurofilaments - the type IV family of intermediate filaments ... There are four proteins classed as type III intermediate filament proteins, which may form homo- or heteropolymeric proteins. ... Animal IFs are subcategorized into six types based on similarities in amino acid sequence and protein structure: These proteins ... Quinlan R, Hutchison C, Lane B (1995). "Intermediate filament proteins". Protein Profile. 2 (8): 795-952. PMID 8771189. Helfand ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_filament

... enzymes regulating protein expression, and proteins related to neuronal/synaptic function, such as neurofilament light protein ... Therefore, there is a focus on expanding the number of measurable biomarkers by including proteins related to the neuronal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Brain_Ageing_Study

Cite this: Serum Neurofilament Light Protein Highly Anticipated Tool for MS - Medscape - Mar 05, 2019. ... UPDATED March 11, 2019 // DALLAS - Mounting evidence on the reliability of blood-derived neurofilament light protein (NfL) in ... "The Neurologists C-Reactive Protein" In a separate talk at the meeting, Gavin Giovannoni, PhD, professor of neurology at the ... "I think our C-reactive protein is coming and its going to be in the form of peripheral blood NfL," he said, in reference to an ...

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/909932

Here, we describe neurofilament light chain (NFL), a marker for neuroaxonal damage, as a translational surrogate marker for ...

https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/154395/figure/3

Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology Bridel C., van Wieringen WN., Zetterberg H., ...

https://www.ndcn.ox.ac.uk/publications/1017220

https://www.staging.medscape.com/viewarticle/909932

These findings support the neurofilament protein as a biomarker for disease activity ... ... A protein called neurofilament light chain (NFL), which supports nerve fibers, is elevated in adults with neurosarcoidosis - ... Neurofilaments are proteins that provide structural support for nerve fibers, called axons. One component of neurofilaments is ... A protein called neurofilament light chain (NFL), which supports nerve fibers, is elevated in adults with neurosarcoidosis - ...

https://www.wijhebbensarcoidose.nl/topic/2278-neurofilament-protein-is-promising-neurosarcoidosis-biomarker/

Neurofilament protein subunits are potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for disease progression in MS. We argue that ... Neurofilament protein subunits are potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for disease progression in MS. We argue that ... The neurofilament intermediate subunit has not yet been studied. Recent studies showing higher neurofilament light or heavy ... Neurofilaments as biomarkers in multiple sclerosis Mult Scler. 2012 May;18(5):552-6. doi: 10.1177/1352458512443092. Epub 2012 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22492131/

keywords = "Amino acid composition, Neurofilament triplet proteins, Neurofilaments",. author = "Hogue‐Angeletti, {R. A.} and Wu ... Preparative Separation and Amino Acid Composition of Neurofilament Triplet Proteins. R. A. Hogue‐Angeletti, H. ‐L Wu, W. W. ... Solubilized neurofilament triplet proteins of molecular weights approximately 68,000 (P68), 150,000 (P150), and 200,000 (P200) ... Solubilized neurofilament triplet proteins of molecular weights approximately 68,000 (P68), 150,000 (P150), and 200,000 (P200) ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/preparative-separation-and-amino-acid-composition-of-neurofilamen-2

Plasma neurofilament light chain protein as a predictor of days in delirium and deep sedation, mortality and length of stay in ... Plasma neurofilament light protein (NfL) is a sensitive indicator of neuronal damage. We undertook an exploratory observational ... Plasma neurofilament light chain protein as a predictor of days in delirium and deep sedat ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/brasil/resource/pt/mdl-35533500

Mutations in the small heat-shock protein HSPB1 (HSP27) are responsible for one form of dHMN. In this study, we have analysed ... including neurofilament middle chain subunit (NF-M) and p150 dynactin. These findings suggest a possible pathogenic mechanism ... Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Mitochondria, Motor Neuron Disease, Mutation, Neoplasm Proteins, Neurofilament Proteins, ... A mutation in the small heat-shock protein HSPB1 leading to distal hereditary motor neuronopathy disrupts neurofilament ...

https://www.scni.ox.ac.uk/publications/106328

https://www.stemcells.ox.ac.uk/publications/106328

However, MCC expresses neurofilament proteins not observed in normal Merkel cells. MCC seldom expresses vasoactive intestinal ... 38] Other proteins are the target of experimental vaccines. [39] Further exploration of virus-specific therapy will provide ... Houben R, Adam C, Baeurle A, Hesbacher S, Grimm J, Angermeyer S. An intact retinoblastoma protein-binding site in Merkel cell ... 8] Research into the genome of MCV is expanding and specific proteins are being explored for their clinical utility. For ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/853565-overview

NF-220 protein, Loligo pealei. Known as: neurofilament protein NF 220, Loligo pealei ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/NF-220-protein%2C-Loligo-pealei/10741429

1998) Aggregation of neurofilament and α-synuclein proteins in Lewy bodies. Arch Neurol 55:151-152. ... The ordered aggregation of fibrillogenic proteins into amyloid is most efficient above a critical protein concentration (Harper ... Similarities in the biophysical properties of amyloidogenic proteins suggest that diseases characterized by abnormal protein ... but the universal tendency of the offending proteins to self-aggregate suggests that ordered protein polymerization is ...

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/20/10/3606.long

CSF neurofilament and glial fibrillary acidic protein in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Mats Tullberg, L Rosengren, E ... Ventricular cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament protein levels decrease in parallel with white matter pathology after shunt ... Dynamics of extracellular matrix proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and serum and their relation to clinical outcome in human ... Lumbar and ventricular CSF concentrations of extracellular matrix proteins before and after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal ...

https://www.gu.se/en/about/find-staff/matstullberg

Background Neurofilaments (Nf) are major structural proteins that occur exclusively in neurons. In spinal cord injury (SCI), ... Serum neurofilament light chain is a biomarker of human spinal cord injury severity and outcome ... Serum neurofilament light chain is a biomarker of human spinal cord injury severity and outcome ...

https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/86/3/273.full

Neurofilaments (NF) are type IV intermediate filament heteropolymers composed of light, medium, and heavy chains. Detection of ... Neurofilament light is a 68 kD protein. Distribution Cytoskeleton and the cytoplasm. ... Neurofilament Light Polypeptide 68kD, Neurofilament Light Polypeptide, Neurofilament Subunit NF-L, CMT1F, NFL, NEFL, NF-L ... View All Neurofilament L (NF-L) Reagents Request Custom Conjugation Description. Clone. Applications. ...

https://www.biolegend.com/en-gb/products/hrp-anti-neurofilament-l-nf-l-antibody-16573

... and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) were measured at 48h, 14d and 30d post-injury. Fatty acid composition of food, plasma and ... and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) were measured at 48 h, 14 days, and 30 days post-injury. Fatty acid composition of food, ... Plasma levels of Total tau (T-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) ... Plasma levels of Total tau (T-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.685220/full

The discovery of specific genes and proteins associated with AD, and the development of new technologies for the production of ... composed by neurofilaments and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, a microtubule associated polypeptide. These two markers are ... Daigle I, Li C: apl-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans gene encoding a protein related to the human beta-amyloid protein precursor. ... When zebrafish PSEN1 protein expression was driven at high levels in cultured human HEK293 cells, the zebrafish protein ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1742-4933-9-3

... and these proteins can be measured in blood," he says. "One of these proteins is neurofilament light chain (NfL), the focus in ... Korley is the author of a new study that measured levels of a blood protein in patients with diabetes, who had not previously ... "However, these small strokes may result in the release of proteins that are associated with brain cell death, ...

https://dlife.com/u-mich-a-blood-test-may-predict-risk-of-stroke-in-patients-with-diabetes/

Exposure to CS2 resulted in increased phosphorylation of endogenous MAP-2 and exogenously added neurofilament triplet proteins ... Animal studies; Animals; Proteins; Central nervous system; Inhalation studies; Author Keywords: Carbon disulfide; CaM kinase II ... There also was an observed increase in the autophosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM kinase II). ... Carbon disulfide inhalation increases Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins in the rat ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=carbon+disulfide&f1=%2A&Startyear=&Adv=0&terms=1&EndYear=&Limit=10000&sort=&D1=10&PageNo=3&RecNo=27&View=f&

... macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) in CSF alone; and neurofilament-Lightchain (NfL) and IL-10, among others, in serum ...

https://wfneurology.org/activities/spotlight-on-current-global-neuro-infections/neuro-covid-updates/covid-19-april-update

Neurofilament light protein in blood as a potential biomarker of neurodegeneration in Huntingtons disease: a retrospective ... SSSNFL - Serum neurofilament light chain (pg/ml). Variable Name: SSSNFL. SAS Label: Serum neurofilament light chain (pg/ml). ... SSNFLH - Serum neurofilament above detect limit. Variable Name: SSNFLH. SAS Label: Serum neurofilament above detect limit. ... SSNFLL - Serum neurofilament below detect limit. Variable Name: SSNFLL. SAS Label: Serum neurofilament below detect limit. ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2013-2014/SSSNFL_H.htm

NeuN and neurofilament H (NF-H) staining were performed, and additionally a pS6 antibody was used to demonstrate mTOR pathway ... The Nissl body cannot be seen due to the accumulation of neurofilament proteins (Fig. 3).13 ... NeuN and neurofilament H (NF-H) staining were performed, and additionally a pS6 antibody was used to demonstrate mTOR pathway ... NeuN and neurofilament H (NF-H) staining were performed, and additionally a pS6 antibody was used to demonstrate mTOR pathway ...

https://thejns.org/focus/view/journals/neurosurg-focus/53/4/article-pE6.xml

Furthermore, the protein level of Bax was decreased whereas the protein levels of Bcl-2 and NF200 were increased after the GTP ... We also studied the cytoskeletal integrity of neurons, by observing the expression of neurofilament protein (NF200) in the ... Furthermore, the protein level of Bax was decreased whereas the protein levels of Bcl-2 and NF200 were increased after the GTP ... Protein concentration was determined with the assay kit (Biotime Biotechnology, China). Proteins were separated ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2017/9152960/

... imaging of fluorescently tagged neurofilament proteins has shown that these proteins move in the form of neurofilament polymers ... neurofilaments containing a photoactivatable neurofilament protein are marked by photoactivation of a short segment of axon, ... Koehnle TJ, Brown A (1999) Slow axonal transport of neurofilament protein in cultured neurons. J Cell Biol 144:447-458. doi: ... 1C]. The amount of neurofilament in the central window declines by the sum of the neurofilament fluxes j. a. and j. r. due to ...

https://www.eneuro.org/content/9/4/ENEURO.0138-22.2022

Plasma Neurofilament Light and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels over 30 Days in a Porcine Model of Traumatic Brain Injury ...

https://www.med.upenn.edu/apps/faculty/index.php/g20000340/p8525042

Background: Neurofilament proteins as biomarkers of axonal degeneration have the potential to improve our capacity to predict ... Results and Conclusions: Neurofilament light protein may be more useful as a measure of ongoing neurodegenerative activity in ... Neurofilament Protein as a Potential Biomarker of Axonal Degeneration in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. p. 364. ... Aims: To highlight the possible roles of neurofilament proteins in physiological and pathophysiological processes in the MS. ...

https://www.neurologyindia.com/showbackIssue.asp?issn=0028-3886

A growing body of evidence suggests that the plasma concentration of the neurofilament light chain (NfL) might be considered a ... Neurofilaments (Nf) consist of three types of protein chains, differing in molecular mass: a light chain (NfL) of 68 kD, an ... Serum neurofilament light chain protein is a measure of disease intensity in frontotemporal dementia. Neurology. 2016;87:1329- ... Neurofilament light chain protein as a marker of neuronal injury: review of its use in HIV-1 infection and reference values for ...

https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0404-9

Neurofilament Proteins/blood , tau Proteins/blood , Biomarkers , COVID-19/mortality , Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/blood , ... Astrocytes/metabolism , Coronavirus Infections/blood , Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/blood , Neurofilament Proteins/blood , ... neurofilament light chain protein (NfL; a marker of intra-axonal neuronal injury) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAp; a ... COVID-19/blood , Neurofilament Proteins/blood , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/physiopathology , COVID-19/therapy ...

https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/?lang=en&q=mh:%22Neurofilament%20Proteins/blood%22

Solubilized neurofilament triplet proteins of molecular weights approximately 68,000 (P68), 150,000 (P150), and 200,000 (P200) were purified by preparative electrophoresis, using an LKB 7900 Uniphor apparatus. (elsevier.com)
Amino acid compositions of the purified neurofilament triplet proteins are reported and compared. (elsevier.com)
Exposure to CS2 resulted in increased phosphorylation of endogenous MAP-2 and exogenously added neurofilament triplet proteins. (cdc.gov)
These cells express many properties of motor neurons, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholine synthesis, storage and release and neurofilament triplet proteins. (cedarlanelabs.com)
They consist of three distinct polypeptides, the neurofilament triplet. (bvsalud.org)
It appears that the metabolism of neurofilaments is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease, as indicated by the presence of neurofilament epitopes in the neurofibrillary tangles, as well as by the severe reduction of the expression of the gene for the light neurofilament subunit of the neurofilament triplet in brains of Alzheimer's patients. (bvsalud.org)

Plasma levels of Total tau (T-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) were measured at 48 h, 14 days, and 30 days post-injury. (frontiersin.org)
Plasma Neurofilament Light and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels over 30 Days in a Porcine Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Journal of Neurotrauma 2022. (upenn.edu)
METHODS: We collected blood from 104 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 the day of admission to the emergency room and measured blood neurofilament light chair (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and total tau protein levels. (bvsalud.org)
Heterogeneity of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in gliosed human brains. (wikidata.org)
Glial fibrillary acidic protein from normal and gliosed human brain. (wikidata.org)
Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemical studies, including synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament, and Ki-67 to characterize the immunophenotypical patterns of medulloblastoma correlated with morphological variants. (who.int)

Neurofilament protein subunits are potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for disease progression in MS. We argue that the neurofilament light subunit can reflect acute axonal damage mediated by inflammatory mechanisms and can imply prognostic value for conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to definite MS. The neurofilament heavy subunit may rather reflect chronic irreversible damage and has prognostic value for disease progression or disability. (nih.gov)
The neurofilament intermediate subunit has not yet been studied. (nih.gov)
Recent studies showing higher neurofilament light or heavy subunit levels to be altered upon treatment regimes indicate their potential clinical value in monitoring treatment or side effects. (nih.gov)
Mutant (P182L) but not wild-type HSPB1 led to the formation of insoluble intracellular aggregates and to the sequestration in the cytoplasm of selective cellular components, including neurofilament middle chain subunit (NF-M) and p150 dynactin. (ox.ac.uk)
Myers MW, Lazzarini RA, Lee VM, Schlaepfer WW, Nelson DL: The human mid-size neurofilament subunit: a repeated protein sequence and the relationship of its gene to the intermediate filament gene family. (t3db.ca)
The protein subunit of calf brain neurofilament. (wikidata.org)

The study, " Elevated Neurofilament Light Chain in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Reflect Inflammatory MRI Activity in Neurosarcoidosis ," was published in the journal Brain Sciences . (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Diagnostic methods for neurosarcoidosis, such as MRI or CT scans, detect inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, and lab tests can measure elevated immune cells and proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Cerebrospinal fluid growth-associated protein 43 levels in patients with progressive and stable mild cognitive impairment. (wjgnet.com)
This review describes current published findings within the past 3 years in biomarker research in MS, specifically highlighting recent advances in the validation of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers such as neurofilaments (light and heavy chains), chitinases and chitinase 3-like proteins, soluble surface markers of innate immunity, and oligoclonal immunoglobulin M antibodies. (dovepress.com)

We analysed serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in all cases including a subgroup (n = 29) of patients with available onset samples. (bvsalud.org)
Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a specific biomarker of neuronal injury. (bvsalud.org)

Biomarkers, for the purposes of this review, are molecular markers detectable in bodily fluids either by immunoassays (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays [ELISAs]) to detect soluble protein biomarkers or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect circulating miRNAs. (dovepress.com)

UPDATED March 11, 2019 // DALLAS - Mounting evidence on the reliability of blood-derived neurofilament light protein (NfL) in predicting disease activity and treatment response in multiple sclerosis (MS) is raising hopes among experts about its utility as an invaluable, easily accessible prognostic tool in the near future. (medscape.com)
A general marker of damage to neurons, the NfL protein has been used to measure or monitor the severity of several neurologic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. (clpmag.com)

A protein called neurofilament light chain (NFL), which supports nerve fibers, is elevated in adults with neurosarcoidosis - and appears to increase with more extensive brain inflammation - a study demonstrated. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Analyzing blood samples from patients before, during, and after CAR-T cell therapy, the researchers found that levels of a protein called neurofilament light chain (NfL) are higher in patients who go on to develop neurotoxic complications. (clpmag.com)

Neurofilaments are proteins that provide structural support for nerve fibers, called axons. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Neurofilaments are abundant space-filling cytoskeletal polymers that are transported into and along axons. (eneuro.org)
Neurofilaments were photoactivated in short segments of myelinated axons in tibial nerves at 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks of age. (eneuro.org)
Neurofilaments are important structural components of axons that are transported from the cell body to the axon tip in a "stop-and-go" manner. (eneuro.org)
Here we show that neurofilament transport is bidirectional in mature myelinated axons in vivo , with a significant fraction of the filaments moving backward toward the cell body. (eneuro.org)
The fact that axons invest metabolic energy to move neurofilaments backwards as well as forwards in axons is puzzling, and it suggests that neurofilament transport is not simply a mechanism to deliver neurofilaments to axons. (eneuro.org)
We speculate that the bidirectional movement of neurofilaments functions to also distribute and organize these polymers in axons, which is a different way of thinking about axonal transport. (eneuro.org)
This axonal expansion is driven in part by an accumulation of neurofilaments, which are space-filling cytoskeletal polymers that move into and along axons by the mechanisms of axonal transport ( Hoffman, 1995 ). (eneuro.org)
Thus, neurofilaments are an important determinant of one of the basic cable properties of axons. (eneuro.org)
Fibrillar proteins from squid axons. (wikidata.org)
Type III intermediate filament proteins that assemble into neurofilaments, the major cytoskeletal element in nerve axons and dendrites. (bvsalud.org)
A recently described new technique for investigating axon damage depends for its ability on the immunoreactivity of amiloid precursor protein (APP), which has been shown to be more sensitive than silver stains for detecting damaged axons. (ox.ac.uk)
In nerve cells, this protein helps to organize a network of molecular threads called neurofilaments that maintain the diameter of specialized extensions called axons. (medlineplus.gov)
Studies suggest that the altered protein may be more likely to form clusters (aggregates) and block the transport of substances that are essential for the proper function of nerve axons, leading to the signs and symptoms of distal hereditary motor neuropathy, type II. (medlineplus.gov)

A mutation in the small heat-shock protein HSPB1 leading to distal hereditary motor neuronopathy disrupts neurofilament assembly and the axonal transport of specific cellular cargoes. (ox.ac.uk)
Studies on cultured nerve cells have shown that axonal neurofilaments move rapidly and intermittently along microtubule tracks in both anterograde and retrograde directions. (eneuro.org)
The axonal transport of neurofilament proteins was discovered using radioisotopic pulse-labeling ( Hoffman and Lasek, 1975 ). (eneuro.org)
Neurofilaments (Nf) consist of three types of protein chains, differing in molecular mass: a light chain (NfL) of 68 kD, an intermediate chain of 150 kD, and a heavy chain of 190 to 210 kD, and are major components of axonal cytoskeleton [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ackerley S, James PA, Kalli A, French S, Davies KE, Talbot K. A mutation in the small heat-shock protein HSPB1 leading to distal hereditary motor neuronopathy disrupts neurofilament assembly and the axonal transport of specific cellular cargoes. (medlineplus.gov)
Individually, neurodegeneration in ALS might result from a complex interaction of glutamate excitotoxicity, the genesis of free radicals, SOD1 enzymes, disruption of axonal transport processes through aggregation of neurofilament intracellular accumulates, cytoplasmic protein accumulates, combined with mitochondrial dysfunction. (medacess.com)

In addition, they appear to be involved in activities such as cell movement (motility), stabilizing the cell's structural framework (the cytoskeleton), folding and stabilizing newly produced proteins, and repairing damaged proteins. (medlineplus.gov)

Here, we describe neurofilament light chain (NFL), a marker for neuroaxonal damage, as a translational surrogate marker for CIPN.METHODS NFL concentrations were measured in an in vitro model of CIPN, exposing induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons (iPSC-DSNs) to paclitaxel. (jci.org)
Background Neurofilaments (Nf) are major structural proteins that occur exclusively in neurons. (bmj.com)
Human stem cell-derived sensory neurons, fluorescently labeled to reveal neurofilament proteins (red and green) and cell nuclei (blue). (nih.gov)
2 Previously, attempts have been made to control the structural polarization of cultured neurons by using several key strategies such as molecular cues of diffusible gradient or substrate-bound chemical/extracellular matrix (ECM) protein patterns, and topographical cues. (cdc.gov)

Researchers based at the University of Southern Denmark now wondered if neurofilament light chain could be used as a biomarker in neurosarcoidosis. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Whether neurofilament light chain levels correlated with more extensive inflammation on MRI scans of neurosarcoidosis patients also was investigated. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Plasma neurofilament light chain protein as a predictor of days in delirium and deep sedation, mortality and length of stay in critically ill patients. (bvsalud.org)
One of these proteins is neurofilament light chain (NfL), the focus in our study. (dlife.com)
A growing body of evidence suggests that the plasma concentration of the neurofilament light chain (NfL) might be considered a plasma biomarker for the screening of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). (biomedcentral.com)
METHODS: In this single centre prospective study, serum levels of neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillar acidic protein (sGFAp) were assessed using SimoaTM assay Neurology 2-Plex B Assay Kit, in 148 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 without clinical neurological manifestations and compared them to 53 patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 108 healthy controls (HCs). (bvsalud.org)
Blood will be collected for measurement of other markers of neurodegeneration and oxidative stress, including neurofilament light chain, isoprostanes, and acute phase proteins. (who.int)

Cytoskeletal proteins as targets for organophosphorous compound and aliphatic hexacarbo n- induced neurotoxicity. (cdc.gov)
Carbon disulfide inhalation increases Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins in the rat central nervous system. (cdc.gov)
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins was studied in brain supernatants prepared from rats exposed via inhalation to 600 or 800 ppm carbon disulfide (CS2) for 14 days. (cdc.gov)
Types I, II, and IV intermediate filament proteins form other cytoskeletal elements such as keratins and lamins. (bvsalud.org)

Another AD hallmark are the NFT, composed by neurofilaments and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, a microtubule associated polypeptide. (springer.com)

HSPB1 gene mutations that cause distal hereditary motor neuropathy, type II change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in heat shock protein beta-1. (medlineplus.gov)

Abstract: Intact neurofilaments were isolated from bovine spinal cord white matter, washed by sedimentation in 0.1 m‐NaCl, and extracted with 8 m‐urea. (elsevier.com)

Plasma neurofilament light protein (NfL) is a sensitive indicator of neuronal damage. (bvsalud.org)
Neurofilaments comprise the axoskeleton and they functionally maintain the neuronal caliber. (biolegend.com)
Over the years, such experiments have demonstrated that a pulse of radiolabeled, newly synthesized neurofilament proteins forms a spreading Gaussian wave that propagates slowly in an anterograde direction with a modal velocity ranging from 0.1 to 1 mm/d, depending on neuronal cell type and age ( Brown, 2014 ). (eneuro.org)
Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: L, M, and H which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. (t3db.ca)

Heat shock proteins block signals that lead to programmed cell death. (medlineplus.gov)
Heat shock proteins also appear to play a role in the tensing of muscle fibers (muscle contraction). (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations of small heat shock proteins and human congenital diseases. (medlineplus.gov)
Dierick I, Irobi J, De Jonghe P, Timmerman V. Small heat shock proteins in inherited peripheral neuropathies. (medlineplus.gov)

There is no statistical difference in immunophenotypes of synaptophysin, GFAP, or neurofilament between each subtype. (who.int)

Neurofilaments (NF) are type IV intermediate filament heteropolymers composed of light, medium, and heavy chains. (biolegend.com)

The main constituent of the amyloid deposits is an amphiphilic peptide, derived by proteolysis from a large membrane spanning precursor protein, the amyloid precursor protein (APP). (springer.com)
For example, a diffusible gradient is not suitable for the membrane/matrix proteins due to the difficulty of maintaining it over time. (cdc.gov)

Filamentous neurofibrillary tangles (NTF) are formed from paired helical filaments composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, a microtubule-associated protein. (springer.com)

To determine whether the deposition of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), a key pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), can be induced in vivo , we infused dilute supernatants of autopsy-derived neocortical homogenates from Alzheimer's patients unilaterally into the hippocampus and neocortex of 3-month-old β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP)-transgenic mice. (jneurosci.org)
The results show that cerebral β-amyloid can be seeded in vivo by a single inoculation of dilute AD brain extract, demonstrating a key pathogenic commonality between β-amyloidosis and other neurodegenerative diseases involving abnormal protein polymerization. (jneurosci.org)
The ordered aggregation of fibrillogenic proteins into amyloid is most efficient above a critical protein concentration ( Harper and Lansbury, 1997 ). (jneurosci.org)
Plaques are formed mostly from the deposition of amyloid beta (Ab) a peptide derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP). (springer.com)

Lee VM, Otvos L Jr, Carden MJ, Hollosi M, Dietzschold B, Lazzarini RA: Identification of the major multiphosphorylation site in mammalian neurofilaments. (t3db.ca)
The colchicine-binding protein of mammalian brain and its relation to microtubules. (wikidata.org)
Actomyosin-like protein isolated from mammalian brain. (wikidata.org)

Microtubule protein. (wikidata.org)

Here, we describe a pulse-spread fluorescence photoactivation method to address this in peripheral nerves dissected from hThy1-paGFP-NFM transgenic mice, which express a photoactivatable fluorescent neurofilament protein. (eneuro.org)

Neurofilament light (NF-L) levels are elevated in Alzheimer's Disease. (biolegend.com)

Nf are highly phosphorylated proteins, and the degree of this phosphorylation determines the axon diameter [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, the protein level of Bax was decreased whereas the protein levels of Bcl-2 and NF200 were increased after the GTP treatment. (hindawi.com)

Many neurodegenerative diseases are associated with the abnormal sequestration of disease-specific proteins in the brain, but the events that initiate this process remain unclear. (jneurosci.org)
IHC staining of HRP anti-Neurofilament L (NF-L) antibody (clone NFL3) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human brain tissue. (biolegend.com)
However, these small strokes may result in the release of proteins that are associated with brain cell death, and these proteins can be measured in blood," he says. (dlife.com)

The discovery of specific genes and proteins associated with AD, and the development of new technologies for the production of transgenic animals, has helped researchers to overcome the lack of natural models. (springer.com)

C1q and C3 mRNA and protein levels were found elevated in spinal cord and engine cortex of individuals with sporadic ALS [15]. (healthcarecoremeasures.com)

The proximal and distal spread of the fluorescence due to the movement of the fluorescent neurofilaments was measured over time. (eneuro.org)

The method provides for an enhanced yield of purified protein and has markedly reduced admixture of electrophoresed protein with acrylamide and associated protein contaminants. (elsevier.com)
Peptide mapping of proteins from acrylamide gels. (wikidata.org)

The HSPB1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called heat shock protein beta-1 (also called heat shock protein 27). (medlineplus.gov)

The significance of the protein deposits per se for the pathogenesis of the diseases is debatable, but the universal tendency of the offending proteins to self-aggregate suggests that ordered protein polymerization is important in the pathogenesis of these disorders. (jneurosci.org)
The finding of large increases in the autophosphorylation and calmodulin-binding to CaM kinase II with only slight increases in the amount of antibody-binding suggests that CS2 exposure results in increased Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of proteins by inducing an increase in kinase activity. (cdc.gov)

Mutations in the small heat-shock protein HSPB1 (HSP27) are responsible for one form of dHMN. (ox.ac.uk)

These findings support the neurofilament protein as a biomarker for disease activity in neurosarcoidosis, a form of sarcoidosis that affects the nervous system. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)

Abnormal CSF was found in 19 (95%) of those with neurosarcoidosis, including 16 with elevated immune cells and 17 with high protein levels. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)
Korley is the author of a new study that measured levels of a blood protein in patients with diabetes, who had not previously had a stroke, to predict their risk of experiencing a stroke in the future. (dlife.com)
High levels of the protein are present even before therapy begins, and those levels remain elevated throughout treatment and up to a month afterward. (clpmag.com)
Elevated or rising protein levels on serial lumbar punctures and 10 or fewer mononuclear cells/mm 3 strongly support the diagnosis. (medscape.com)

However, it is unclear whether neurofilament transport is also bidirectional in vivo . (eneuro.org)
Although it is thought to play a role in muscle contraction, the specific function of heat shock protein beta-1 in muscle cells is unclear. (medlineplus.gov)

Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20? (joplink.net)

One component of neurofilaments is the NFL protein, exclusively found in nerve cells. (wijhebbensarcoidose.nl)

This protein is a member of the heat shock protein family, which helps protect cells under adverse conditions such as infection, inflammation, exposure to toxins, elevated temperature, injury, and disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Kampinga HH, Garrido C. HSPBs: small proteins with big implications in human disease. (medlineplus.gov)
The relationship between lifestyle and serum neurofilament light protein in Huntington's disease. (cdc.gov)
Some terms (e.g.: blood) may appear in names of tissue, protein or disease or be included in an article title. (expasy.org)

Anatomy16

Organisms2

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs14

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes7

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science2

Nerve terminal damage by beta-bungarotoxin: its clinical significance. (1/1047)

ELAV tumor antigen, Hel-N1, increases translation of neurofilament M mRNA and induces formation of neurites in human teratocarcinoma cells. (2/1047)

Deamidation and isoaspartate formation in smeared tau in paired helical filaments. Unusual properties of the microtubule-binding domain of tau. (3/1047)

Aberrant neurofilament phosphorylation in sensory neurons of rats with diabetic neuropathy. (4/1047)

Overexpression of alpha-internexin causes abnormal neurofilamentous accumulations and motor coordination deficits in transgenic mice. (5/1047)

Development of the chick olfactory nerve. (6/1047)

Claudin-11/OSP-based tight junctions of myelin sheaths in brain and Sertoli cells in testis. (7/1047)

Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (Erk1 and Erk2) cascade results in phosphorylation of NF-M tail domains in transfected NIH 3T3 cells. (8/1047)

Neurofilament Proteins

Intermediate Filament Proteins

Intermediate Filaments

Axonal Transport

Axons

Kuru

Nissl Bodies

Cytoskeleton

Neurofibrils

Decapodiformes

Spinal Cord

Neurons

Vimentin

Molecular Weight

Nerve Tissue Proteins

Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

Peripherins

Sciatic Nerve

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5

Optic Nerve

Microscopy, Electron

Phosphorylation

Ganglia, Spinal

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Tubulin

Immunohistochemistry

Calpain

Brain Chemistry

Brain

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Cytoskeletal Proteins

Immunosorbent Techniques

Histocytochemistry

Neuroblastoma

Denervation

Nerve Degeneration

Retinal Ganglion Cells

Motor Neurons

Cattle

Epitopes

Nerve Growth Factors

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Amino Acid Sequence

Alzheimer Disease

Antibody Specificity

Microtubules

Keratins

Molecular Sequence Data

Neuroglia

Cells, Cultured

Time Factors

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Nerve terminal damage by beta-bungarotoxin: its clinical significance. (1/1047)

ELAV tumor antigen, Hel-N1, increases translation of neurofilament M mRNA and induces formation of neurites in human teratocarcinoma cells. (2/1047)

Deamidation and isoaspartate formation in smeared tau in paired helical filaments. Unusual properties of the microtubule-binding domain of tau. (3/1047)

Aberrant neurofilament phosphorylation in sensory neurons of rats with diabetic neuropathy. (4/1047)

Overexpression of alpha-internexin causes abnormal neurofilamentous accumulations and motor coordination deficits in transgenic mice. (5/1047)

Development of the chick olfactory nerve. (6/1047)

Claudin-11/OSP-based tight junctions of myelin sheaths in brain and Sertoli cells in testis. (7/1047)

Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (Erk1 and Erk2) cascade results in phosphorylation of NF-M tail domains in transfected NIH 3T3 cells. (8/1047)

084 - Neopterin and Neurofilament Light Chain as markers of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment in plasma and...

Isolation and characterization of the highly phosphorylated repeat domain of distinct heavy neurofilament subunit (NF-H)...

Anti-Neurofilament M/H Antibody | Anti-Neurofilament Antibody | NF-M Antibody | NF-H Antibody

Neurofilament light polypeptide - Wikipedia

NfL (Neurofilament Light Chain) Levels as a Predictive Marker for Long-Term Outcome After Ischemic Stroke. | Quanterix

Increased frequency of proinflammatory CD4 T cells and pathological levels of serum neurofilament light chain in adult drug...

Dimethyl fumarate decreases neurofilament light chain in CSF and blood of treatment naïve relapsing MS patients | Journal of...

Neurofilament light chain levels correlate with clinical measures in CLN3 disease - Quanterix

Changes in TDP-43 expression in development, aging, and in the neurofilament light protein knockout mouse

Requirement of Heavy Neurofilament Subunit in the Development of Axons with Large Calibers | JCB

Neurofilament-L, NF-L or70 kDa Neurofilament Light Antibody

Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit (pNF-H) in peripheral blood and CSF as a potential prognostic biomarker in...

Cationic lipid-mediated NGF gene transfection increases neurofilament phosphorylation<...

Serum neurofilament light levels correlate with severity measures and neurodegeneration markers in autosomal dominant Alzheimer...

Serial changes in serum phosphorylated neurofilament and value for prediction of clinical outcome after traumatic brain injury ...

Time-Dependent Effects of Elevated Intraocular Pressure on Optic Nerve Head Axonal Transport and Cytoskeleton Proteins | IOVS |...

Serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit as a predictive marker of chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment: a...

Neurofilament Antibody Staining Protocol for Immunohistochemistry

Plasma neurofilament ligh… - Göteborgs universitet

Blood test can predict onset and track progression of Huntingtons disease