Integumentary System Physiological Phenomena
Nervous System Physiological Phenomena
Digestive System Physiological Phenomena
Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena
Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena
Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena
Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
Physiological Phenomena
Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena
Central Nervous System
Nervous System
Central Nervous System Diseases
Peripheral Nervous System
The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has autonomic and somatic divisions. The autonomic nervous system includes the enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic subdivisions. The somatic nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors.
A genetic approach to visualization of multisynaptic neural pathways using plant lectin transgene. (1/794)
The wiring patterns among various types of neurons via specific synaptic connections are the basis of functional logic employed by the brain for information processing. This study introduces a powerful method of analyzing the neuronal connectivity patterns by delivering a tracer selectively to specific types of neurons while simultaneously transsynaptically labeling their target neurons. We developed a novel genetic approach introducing cDNA for a plant lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), as a transgene under the control of specific promoter elements. Using this method, we demonstrate three examples of visualization of specific transsynaptic neural pathways: the mouse cerebellar efferent pathways, the mouse olfactory pathways, and the Drosophila visual pathways. This strategy should greatly facilitate studies on the anatomical and functional organization of the developing and mature nervous system. (+info)Interstitial Ca2+ undergoes dynamic changes sufficient to stimulate nerve-dependent Ca2+-induced relaxation. (2/794)
We recently described a perivascular sensory nerve-linked dilator system that can be activated by interstitial Ca2+ (Ca2+isf). The present study tested the hypothesis that Ca2+isf in the rat duodenal submucosa varies through a range that is sufficient to activate this pathway. An in situ microdialysis method was used to estimate Ca2+isf. When the duodenal lumen was perfused with Ca2+-free buffer, Ca2+isf was 1.0 +/- 0.13 mmol/l. Ca2+isf increased to 1.52 +/- 0.04, 1.78 +/- 0.10, and 1.89 +/- 0.1 when the lumen was perfused with buffer containing 3, 6, and 10 mmol/l Ca2+, respectively (P < 0.05). Ca2+isf was 1.1 +/- 0.06 mmol/l in fasted animals and increased to 1. 4 +/- 0.06 mmol/l in free-feeding rats (P < 0.05). Wire myography was used to study isometric tension responses of isolated mesenteric resistance arteries. Cumulative addition of extracellular Ca2+-relaxed serotonin- and methoxamine-precontracted arteries with half-maximal effective doses of 1.54 +/- 0.05 and 1.67 +/- 0.08 mmol/l, respectively (n = 5). These data show that duodenal Ca2+isf undergoes dynamic changes over a range that activates the sensory nerve-linked dilator system and indicate that this system can link changes in local Ca2+ transport with alterations in regional resistance and organ blood flow. (+info)Increasing confidence in vergence as a cue to distance. (3/794)
Multiple cues contribute to the visual perception of an object's distance from the observer. The manner in which the nervous system combines these various cues is of considerable interest. Although it is accepted that image cues play a significant role in distance perception, controversy exists regarding the use of kinaesthetic information about the eyes' state of convergence. We used a perturbation technique to explore the contribution of vergence to visually based distance estimates as a function of both fixation distance and the availability of retinal information. Our results show that the nervous system increases the weighting given to vergence as (i) fixation distance becomes closer; and (ii) the available retinal image cues decrease. We also identified the presence of a strong contraction bias when distance cues were studied in isolation, but we argue that such biases do not suggest that vergence provides an ineffectual signal for near-space perception. (+info)In vivo microdialysis assessment of nerve-stimulated contractions associated with increased acetylcholine release in the dog intestine. (4/794)
Intestinal contractility and release of endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) were measured simultaneously in vivo in the small intestine of the anesthetized dog. Electrical stimulation of nerves in the intestinal seromuscular layers caused contractions and increased concentrations of ACh in the dialysate, which were abolished by infusion of tetrodotoxin into the intestinal marginal artery at 75 nmol/ml. Intraarterial administration of atropine at 150 nmol/ml abolished the stimulated contractions, without significant effects on increases in concentrations of dialysate ACh. Thus, the nerve-stimulated contractions were found in vivo to be associated with a local increase in ACh release from the intestinal cholinergic neurons. (+info)Depletion of cutaneous peptidergic innervation in HIV-associated xerosis. (5/794)
Severe xerosis occurs in approximately 20% of human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patients. Changes in cutaneous innervation have been found in various inflammatory skin diseases and in xerotic skin in familial amyloid. We have therefore carried out a quantitative examination of the cutaneous peptidergic innervation in human immunodeficiency virus-associated xerosis. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis quantitation were used to compare total cutaneous innervation (protein gene product 9.5), calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide peptidergic fibers, at two sites in the skin of human immunodeficiency virus-associated xerosis patients (upper arm, n = 12; upper leg, n = 11) and site-matched seronegative controls (upper arm, n = 10; upper leg, n = 10). Measurement of lengths of fibers of each type was carried out for each subject in the epidermis and papillary dermis, and around the sweat glands. Immunostained mast cells in these areas were counted. Epidermal integrity and maturation were assessed by immunostaining for involucrin. There were significant (Mann-Whitney U test; p < 0.02) decreases in total lengths of protein gene product 9.5 fibers in both epidermis/papillary dermis and sweat gland fields; of calcitonin gene-related peptide innervation in the epidermis/papillary dermis; and of substance P innervation of the sweat glands. There were no differences in the distribution of mast cells, or in the epidermal expression of involucrin. Depletion of the calcitonin gene-related peptide innervation may affect the nutrient blood supply of the upper dermis, and the integrity and function of basal epidermis and Langerhans cells. Diminished substance P innervation of the sweat glands may affect their secretory activity. Both of these changes may be implicated in the development of xerosis. (+info)Choroid plexus epithelial expression of MDR1 P glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein contribute to the blood-cerebrospinal-fluid drug-permeability barrier. (6/794)
The blood-brain barrier and a blood-cerebrospinal-fluid (CSF) barrier function together to isolate the brain from circulating drugs, toxins, and xenobiotics. The blood-CSF drug-permeability barrier is localized to the epithelium of the choroid plexus (CP). However, the molecular mechanisms regulating drug permeability across the CP epithelium are defined poorly. Herein, we describe a drug-permeability barrier in human and rodent CP mediated by epithelial-specific expression of the MDR1 (multidrug resistance) P glycoprotein (Pgp) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP). Noninvasive single-photon-emission computed tomography with 99mTc-sestamibi, a membrane-permeant radiopharmaceutical whose transport is mediated by both Pgp and MRP, shows a large blood-to-CSF concentration gradient across intact CP epithelium in humans in vivo. In rats, pharmacokinetic analysis with 99mTc-sestamibi determined the concentration gradient to be greater than 100-fold. In membrane fractions of isolated native CP from rat, mouse, and human, the 170-kDa Pgp and 190-kDa MRP are identified readily. Furthermore, the murine proteins are absent in CP isolated from their respective mdr1a/1b(-/-) and mrp(-/-) gene knockout littermates. As determined by immunohistochemical and drug-transport analysis of native CP and polarized epithelial cell cultures derived from neonatal rat CP, Pgp localizes subapically, conferring an apical-to-basal transepithelial permeation barrier to radiolabeled drugs. Conversely, MRP localizes basolaterally, conferring an opposing basal-to-apical drug-permeation barrier. Together, these transporters may coordinate secretion and reabsorption of natural product substrates and therapeutic drugs, including chemotherapeutic agents, antipsychotics, and HIV protease inhibitors, into and out of the central nervous system. (+info)Rhythmic swimming activity in neurones of the isolated nerve cord of the leech. (7/794)
1. Repeating bursts of motor neurone impulses have been recorded from the nerves of completely isolated nerve cords of the medicinal leech. The salient features of this burst rhythm are similar to those obtained in the semi-intact preparation during swimming. Hence the basic swimming rhythm is generated by a central oscillator. 2. Quantitative comparisons between the impulse patterns obtained from the isolated nerve cord and those obtained from a semi-intact preparation show that the variation in both dorsal to ventral motor neurone phasing and burst duration with swim cycle period differ in these two preparations. 3. The increase of intersegmental delay with period, which is a prominent feature of swimming behaviour of the intact animal, is not seen in either the semi-intact or isolated cord preparations. 4. In the semi-intact preparation, stretching the body wall or depolarizing an inhibitory motor neurone changes the burst duration of excitatory motor neurones in the same segment. In the isolated nerve cord, these manipulations also change the period of the swim cycle in the entire cord. 5. These comparisons suggest that sensory input stabilizes the centrally generated swimming rhythm, determines the phasing of the bursts of impulses from dorsal and ventral motor neurones, and matches the intersegmental delay to the cycle period so as to maintain a constant body shape at all rates of swimming. (+info)Time course of myosin heavy chain transitions in neonatal rats: importance of innervation and thyroid state. (8/794)
During the postnatal period, rat limb muscles adapt to weight bearing via the replacement of embryonic (Emb) and neonatal (Neo) myosin heavy chains (MHCs) by the adult isoforms. Our aim was to characterize this transition in terms of the six MHC isoforms expressed in skeletal muscle and to determine the importance of innervation and thyroid hormone status on the attainment of the adult MHC phenotype. Neonatal rats were made hypothyroid via propylthiouracil (PTU) injection. In normal and PTU subgroups, leg muscles were unilaterally denervated at 15 days of age. The MHC profiles of plantaris (PLN) and soleus (Sol) muscles were determined at 7, 14, 23, and 30 days postpartum. At day 7, the Sol MHC profile was 55% type I, 30% Emb, and 10% Neo; in the PLN, the pattern was 60% Neo and 25% Emb. By day 30 the Sol and PLN had essentially attained an adult MHC profile in the controls. PTU augmented slow MHC expression in the Sol, whereas in the PLN it markedly repressed IIb MHC by retaining neonatal MHC expression. Denervation blunted the upregulation of IIb in the PLN and of Type I in the Sol and shifted the pattern to greater expression of IIa and IIx MHCs in both muscles. In contrast to previous observations, these findings collectively suggest that both an intact thyroid and innervation state are obligatory for the attainment of the adult MHC phenotype, particularly in fast-twitch muscles. (+info) Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are disorders that affect the brain and spinal cord. These diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, such as genetics, infections, injuries, and autoimmune disorders. Some common types of CNS diseases include:
1. Neurodegenerative diseases: These are diseases that cause progressive loss of brain cells, leading to cognitive decline and motor dysfunction. Examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
2. Stroke: A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, leading to cell death and potential long-term disability.
3. Traumatic brain injury: This type of injury occurs when the brain is subjected to a sudden and forceful impact, such as in a car accident or fall.
4. Infections: Bacterial, viral, and fungal infections can all cause CNS diseases, such as meningitis and encephalitis.
5. Autoimmune disorders: These are conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the brain, leading to inflammation and damage. Examples include multiple sclerosis and lupus.
6. Brain tumors: Tumors can occur in any part of the brain and can be benign or malignant.
7. Cerebrovascular diseases: These are conditions that affect the blood vessels in the brain, such as aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).
8. Neurodevelopmental disorders: These are conditions that affect the development of the brain and nervous system, such as autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
CNS diseases can have a significant impact on quality of life, and some can be fatal. Treatment options vary depending on the specific diagnosis and severity of the disease. Some CNS diseases can be managed with medication, while others may require surgery or other interventions.
Heart rate variability
The vagus nerve activity reflects the physiological modulation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system. The ... Variation in the beat-to-beat interval is a physiological phenomenon. The SA node receives several different inputs and the ... HRV is reported to be an index of the influence of both the parasympathetic nervous system and the sympathetic nervous systems ... The parasympathetic nervous system works to decrease heart rate, while the SNS works to increase heart rate, and this is ...
Physiological psychology
Most scientists in this field believe that the mind is a phenomenon that stems from the nervous system. By studying and gaining ... There are two major subdivisions in the nervous system known as the central and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous ... The nervous system can be described as a control system that interconnects the other body systems. It consists of the brain, ... This system can be further divided into the autonomic and somatic nervous system. The autonomic system can be referred to as ...
Nervous system network models
It is not certain as to which is really the actual physiological phenomenon in each case. However, both cases can be modeled ... Computational models of a well simulated nervous system enable learning the nervous system and apply it to real life problem ... understanding the brain and the nervous system better or to apply the knowledge gained from the total or partial nervous system ... system) levels. Computational modeling refers to models that are developed using computing tools. The nervous system consists ...
QT interval variability
... (QTV) refers to the physiological phenomenon of beat-to-beat fluctuations in QT interval of ... it may also play a role for noninvasive assessment of sympathetic nervous system activity. Other terms used include: "QT ... physiological basis, and clinical value: position statement and consensus guidance endorsed by the European Heart Rhythm ... Physiological Measurement. 38 (7): 1472-1489. doi:10.1088/1361-6579/aa6e95. PMID 28430108. (Cardiac electrophysiology). ...
Reflex syncope
This phenomenon occurs due to dilation of the blood vessels, probably as a result of withdrawal of sympathetic nervous system ... The autonomic nervous system's physiological state (see below) leading to loss of consciousness may persist for several minutes ... resulting in simultaneous enhancement of parasympathetic nervous system (vagal) tone and withdrawal of sympathetic nervous ... The underlying mechanism involves the nervous system slowing the heart rate and dilating blood vessels, resulting in low blood ...
Paul Ekman
A number of researchers continue to search for emotion-specific autonomic and central nervous system activations. With the ... Highlights include: Consideration of both nature and nurture: Emotion is now viewed as a physiological phenomenon influenced by ... Ekman and Friesen had finalized and developed the Facial Action Coding System. FACS is an anatomically based system for ... A Century of Research in Review ISBN 0-12-236750-2 Facial Action Coding System/Investigator's ISBN 99936-26-61-9 Why Kids Lie: ...
Sense
The emergence of mental phenomena from the activity of systems functionally or computationally analogous to that of nervous ... Such physiological and cognitive functions are generally not believed to give rise to mental phenomena or qualia, however, as ... somatosensory system (sense of touch), olfactory system (sense of smell), and gustatory system (sense of taste). Those systems ... The nervous system calculates a criterion, or an internal threshold, for the detection of a signal in the presence of noise. If ...
Emotional choice theory
They generate or stifle energy, which makes decision-making a continuously dynamic phenomenon. To capture this physiological ... that emotions are not only social but also corporeal experiences that are tied to an organism's autonomic nervous system. ... They give meaning to our relationships with others, and they generate physiological impulses to act.": 4 Emotional choice ... It is suggested that these physiological processes can exert a profound influence on human cognition and behavior. ...
Christopher L.-H. Huang
... under both normal and osteoporotic conditions and cortical spreading depression phenomena in the central nervous system often ... physiological and molecular biological methods and their implications for the management of atrial fibrillation and sudden ...
Society for Psychophysiological Research
... both sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system measures, blood pressure, plethysmography) Oculomotor and ... In other words, psychophysiological research can consist of the study of social, psychological, and/or behavioral phenomena as ... A great deal of psychophysiological research has focused on the physiological instantiation of emotion, but with increased ... access to measures of the central nervous system, psychophysiological research has also examined cognitive processes. Skin ...
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Clear Sky
... but it is noted he has suffered damage to his central nervous system and seems to exhibit other, subtle physiological changes. ... faction dedicated to researching and learning about the Zone in their attempt to better understand it and its related phenomena ... If not adequately concealed, the player's nervous system shuts down, resulting in the player's death. While guiding a group of ... However, the game will maintain the same minimum system requirements as Shadow of Chernobyl, and is scalable enough to run on ...
Cushing reflex
... since its physiological change has to do with the balance of the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system ... Cushing reflex (also referred to as the vasopressor response, the Cushing effect, the Cushing reaction, the Cushing phenomenon ... During the increase in ICP, both the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system are activated. In the ... is a physiological nervous system response to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that results in Cushing's triad of ...
Emotion
... the autonomic nervous system creates physiological events such as muscular tension, a rise in heart rate, perspiration, and ... In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, ... On the one hand, the physiology of emotion is closely linked to arousal of the nervous system. Emotion is also linked to ... Our emotional feelings reflect our ability to subjectively experience certain states of the nervous system. Although conscious ...
Cutamesine
... 's activation of the σ1 receptor is tied to a variety of physiological phenomena in the CNS, including activation of ... a chaperone protein mainly found in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells in the central nervous system. These σ1 receptors play a ... The function of dopaminergic systems has been linked to the effectiveness of ADs, and many experiments involving cutamesine ...
Adult development
HD affects personality, leads to involuntary muscle movements, cognitive impairment, and deterioration of the nervous system. ... Physiological abnormalities associated with AD include neurofibrillary plaques and tangles. Neuritic plaques, that target the ... These same external factors also influence genetic expression throughout adult life - a phenomenon known as genetic plasticity ... construct multivariate systems and matrices 12 Metasystematic- combine or compare systems to make multi-systems 13 Paradigmatic ...
Electrodermal activity
EDA is a common measure of autonomic nervous system activity, with a long history of being used in psychological research. Hugo ... He therefore attributed his EDA observations to muscular phenomena. Thirty years later, in 1878 in Switzerland, Hermann and ... and skin conductance is an indication of psychological or physiological arousal. If the sympathetic branch of the autonomic ... Sweating is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, ... "Assessing Autonomic Nervous System Activity" (PDF). In Harmon- ...
Nitenpyram
... present on the muscle cells where the cells from the nervous systems and the muscle cells form synapses. Variations in ... However, studies have been done on binding phenomena between neonicotinoids and proteins, serving as an indicator to its likely ... behavior in human physiological conditions. Nitenpyram, a synthetic, nicotine-related chemical (neonicotinoid), has an effect ... Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are involved in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, ...
Igor Kufayev
... stressing the importance of the physical transformation of the nervous system. He states that the physiology acts as a support ... Igor states that these phenomena are both a result of release of stress, as well as the "Song of the Goddess" - literally a ... Igor emphasizes the psycho-physiological aspects of the awakening process, ...
Ludwig Julius Budge
He is known for his anatomical and physiological investigations of the autonomic nervous system, discovering that sympathetic ... With Leonard Landois, he demonstrated the phenomena of cardiac arrest during electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve,. Also, ... Neue Untersuchungen über das Nervensystem (with Augustus Volney Waller), 1851 - New studies of the nervous system. Über die ...
Referred itch
Itch can also originate as a result of damage to the nervous system (central or peripheral) or in response to the presence of ... Much is still unknown about the physiological mechanisms of the phenomenon, and no single theory is accepted. Research and ... Thus, in an individual with a fully developed nervous system, the stimulus at the end of one branch may be interpreted as ... Acquired or pathological mitempfindung is the effect of damage to the central nervous system and only lasts for a short period ...
Animal magnetism
I mean a peculiar condition of the nervous system, into which it can be thrown by artificial contrivance … [a theoretical ... Magnetism is as intense, and as speedily felt, at a distance of six feet as of six inches; and the phenomena developed are the ... position that is entirely] consistent with generally admitted principles in physiological and psychological science [would] ... All the New Experiments and Phenomena are explained by Monsieur le Docteur Bell, Professor of that Science, And Member of the ...
Caffeine
... is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is used as a cognitive enhancer, ... and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use and that typically include a strong desire to take the ... Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant that may reduce fatigue and drowsiness. At normal doses, caffeine has variable ... Caffeine overdose can result in a state of central nervous system overstimulation known as caffeine intoxication, a clinically ...
Goetheanism
... the effects of the sensory nervous system, which is permeated by processes of death, and of the system of metabolism and limbs ... This system, however, was rather programmatic in character and is not generally accepted among Goetheanists. "A phenomenon, an ... in such a way that they become the physiological basis of thinking, willing and feeling; through these soul-activities, human ... is an original phenomenon. From such, all relations between further phenomena can be derived and the latter thus understood ( ...
Broken escalator phenomenon
The central nervous system enables us to adapt to the movement of the escalator, however this locomotor adaptation is ... Balance disorder - Physiological disturbance of perception Ideomotor phenomenon - Concept in hypnosis and psychological ... When facing an external threat to our balance, our central nervous system will trigger neural processes in order to stabilise ... phenomenon is the result of the dissociation between the declarative and procedural functions of the central nervous system. ...
Vincent Hayward
... he discovered a series of phenomena that can be related to various invariants of physical or physiological origin. These ... a theoretical point of view because it demonstrates that touch takes into account internal data generated by the nervous system ... He is a professor at Sorbonne University, Institute of Intelligent Systems and Robotics (ISIR), where since 2008 he leads a ... The system he conceived transformed graphical representations into haptic representations, that is, representations accessible ...
Association of ideas
... "most natural way of accounting for it is to conceive it as a result of the laws of habit in the nervous system; in other words ... So far from being content, like Hobbes, to make a rough generalization to all mind from the phenomena of developed memory, as ... By the end of the nineteenth century physiological psychology was so altering the approach to this subject that much of the ... Although he took a narrow view of the phenomena of mental succession, he (after dealing with trains of imagination or "mental ...
Hypnosis
31 Systems theory considers the nervous system's organisation into interacting subsystems. Hypnotic phenomena thus involve not ... "psycho-physiological" (mind-body) phenomena. Braid coined the term "mono-ideodynamic" to refer to the theory that hypnotism ... As he later wrote: In as much as patients can throw themselves into the nervous sleep, and manifest all the usual phenomena of ... A central phenomenon in this regard is that of feedback loops, which suggest a mechanism for creating hypnotic phenomena. There ...
Erection
... is initiated by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system with minimal input from the central nervous system ... An erection (clinically: penile erection or penile tumescence) is a physiological phenomenon in which the penis becomes firm, ... As an autonomic nervous system response, an erection may result from a variety of stimuli, including sexual stimulation and ... baseline stimulation from the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system causes constriction of the penile arteries ...
Amorphosynthesis
Diffused brain lesion and lesions on other parts of the central nervous system (CNS). The amorphosynthesis of sensory stimuli ... This phenomenon is supported by studies showing that if two stimuli are simultaneously applied to both sides of the body, the ... In research by Denny-Brown and Banker, a disturbance in the physiological process of perceiving somatic sensations was termed ... This phenomenon is not observed in patients with complete extinction in which there is extensive damage to the parietal lobe, ...
Postpartum chills
It is thought to be a result of a nervous system response. It may also be related to fluid shifts and the actual strenuous work ... Ravid, Dorit; Gidoni, Yariv; Bruchim, Ilan; Shapira, Hava; Fejgin, Moshe (2001). "Postpartum chills phenomenon: Is it a feto- ... Postpartum chills is a physiological response that occurs within two hours of childbirth. It appears as uncontrollable ... "Observations on the postpartum shivering phenomenon". The Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 36 (11): 803-7. PMID 1765959. Henry ...
Genomic imprinting
... genes they play an important role in embryogenesis particularly in the formation of visceral structures and the nervous system ... A similar imprinting phenomenon has also been described in flowering plants (angiosperms). During fertilization of the egg cell ... Tucci V, Isles AR, Kelsey G, Ferguson-Smith AC, Erice Imprinting Group (2019). "Genomic Imprinting and Physiological Processes ... A hypothesis for the origin of this genetic variation states that the host-defense system responsible for silencing foreign DNA ...
Ivan Tarkhanov (physiologist)
Tarkhanov engaged in experimental studies on the phenomena of summation in the nervous system (1869). He also studied the ... Petersburg Military Medical Academy after 1881) and pursued varied physiological experiments with his pupils and disciples at ... Here he gave five public lectures, which he went on to publish in Russian as "The Role of the Nervous System in Animal Movement ... Tarkhnishvili's most significant contribution was the discovery of the influence of X-rays on the central nervous system, ...
Psychological stress and sleep
... the body hyperactivates the sympathetic nervous system which leads to changes in heart rate variability. Due to these changes ... To better understand this phenomenon, a study was conducted in Canada after a two-month state of emergency was declared (2020 ... These all cause stressful times to have many physiological and behavioral impacts on one's diet. Furthermore, sleep deprivation ... The neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a system of hormones that culminates in the release of cortisol from ...
Sigma-1 receptor
It is particularly concentrated in certain regions of the central nervous system. It has been implicated in several phenomena, ... A variety of specific physiological functions have been attributed to the σ1 receptor. Chief among these are modulation of Ca2+ ... from discovery to highlights of their implications in the cardiovascular system". Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology. 16 (1): ...
Synaptic fatigue
... has not been shown to directly cause or result in a central nervous system pathology, although the degrees at ... The difference between this and long-term potentiation is the fact that this phenomenon only occurs for the duration of time it ... There have been several studies that suggest the reserve vesicles are seldom ever released in response to physiological stimuli ... It is thought to be a form of negative feedback in order to physiologically control particular forms of nervous system activity ...
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency controversy
A chronic state of impaired venous drainage from the central nervous system, termed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency ... CCSVI), is claimed to be a pathologic phenomenon exclusively seen in multiple sclerosis (MS). Lee AB, Laredo J, Neville R ( ... of absence of flow and the criterion regarding stenosis are considered not valid since they are related to normal physiological ... Italian researcher Paolo Zamboni in 2008 to describe compromised flow of blood in the veins draining the central nervous system ...
Motion perception
Reichardt W (1961). "Autocorrelation, a principle for the evaluation of sensory information by the central nervous system". In ... The phi phenomenon has been referred to as "first-order" motion perception. Werner E. Reichardt and Bernard Hassenstein have ... Although the details of the Hassenstein-Reichardt model have not been confirmed at an anatomical and physiological level, the ... Both subunits have a receptor that can be stimulated by an input (light in the case of visual system). In each subunit, when an ...
Free will
... the human brain and nervous system). Philosophical models of mind are divided into physical and non-physical expositions. ... 23: But the fact is overlooked that the individual, the person, is not will as thing-in-itself, but is phenomenon of the will, ... "Solving the hard problem of consciousness involves determining how physiological processes such as ions flowing across the ... On that basis "…free will cannot be squeezed into time frames of 150-350 ms; free will is a longer term phenomenon" and free ...
Efference copy
They also underlie the phenomenon of tickling. A motor signal from the central nervous system (CNS) to the periphery is called ... ISBN 978-0-470-26912-1. Miall, R.C.; Wolpert D. M. (1996). "Forward Models for Physiological Motor Control". Neural Networks. 9 ... Sensory information coming from sensory receptors in the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system is called ... On a similar basis, nerves into the nervous system are afferent nerves and ones out are termed efferent nerves. When an ...
James Braid (surgeon)
... and mobility of the nervous system, which render the patient liable to be directed so as to manifest the mesmeric phenomena. I ... Braid, J., "Physiological Explanation of Some Mesmeric Phenomena", The Medical Times, Vol. 10, No. 258, (31 August 1844), pp. ... Fourth, those who have adopted my views, that the phenomena are solely attributable to a peculiar physiological state of the ... Carpenter's Lectures on the Physiology of the Nervous System", Supplement to The Manchester Examiner and Times, Vol. 5, No. 471 ...
Theodore Holmes Bullock
... and offer insights into which nervous system properties (anatomical, physiological, and chemical) were relevant to observed ... continually seeking undiscovered phenomena and new unifying principles". Until the very end of his life, at the age of 90, ... This marked the beginning of his studies on simple nervous systems, which he used to explore the neural mechanisms that work ... He believed that to fully understand how the brain and nervous system work, one must search for commonalities, and also for ...
Effects of hormones on sexual motivation
... with special reference to the nervous system". Endocr. Rev. 28 (4): 387-439. doi:10.1210/er.2006-0050. PMID 17431228. Brinton ... Low dosages of testosterone that result in physiological levels of testosterone (< 50 ng/dL) do not increase sexual desire in ... Ziegler T. E. (2007). "Female sexual motivation during non-fertile periods: a primate phenomenon". Hormones and Behavior. 51 (1 ... There is little support for the notion that physiological levels of testosterone are important for sexual desire in women, ...
Risk factors of schizophrenia
Lee JA, Lupski JR (2006). "Genomic rearrangements and gene copy-number alterations as a cause of nervous system disorders". ... While the reason for this phenomenon is unknown, there may be a genetic resistance to the cancers, a side effect of medications ... it has been suggested that the physiological hypoxia that prevails in normal embryonic and fetal development, or pathological ... Social support systems are very important for those with schizophrenia and the people with whom they have relationships. ...
Synaptic noise
The central nervous system (CNS) deals with noise in two ways - averaging and prior knowledge. Averaging occurs whenever ... This phenomenon has led to the question of how sensory receptors can lower synaptic noise effectively while amplifying the ... 2012). "Reduction of physiological noise with independent component analysis improves the detection of nociceptive responses ... Faisal, A. Aldo; Selen, Luc P. J.; Wolpert, Daniel M. (2008). "Noise in the Nervous System". Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 9 (4 ...
Auditory masking
This can be in the absence of, or in addition to, another effect and is due to interactions within the central nervous system ... This phenomenon is called on-frequency masking and occurs because the masker and signal are within the same auditory filter ( ... An Introduction to Psychological and Physiological Acoustics 4th Ed. New York, Marcel Dekker Moore, B.C.J. (2004) An ... If a signal is masked by a masker with a different frequency to the signal, then the auditory system was unable to distinguish ...
Temporal envelope and fine structure
A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior. 49 (10): 2822-33. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2013.04.003. PMID ... Pressnitzer D, Meddis R, Delahaye R, Winter IM (August 2001). "Physiological correlates of comodulation masking release in the ... The underlying causes of this phenomenon have been attributed to several possible origins, including nonlinear synaptic ... for the auditory system. This cutoff frequency corresponds to a time constant of about 1 - 3 ms for the auditory system of ...
John Hughlings Jackson
Thus, an important part of his work concerned the evolutionary organization of the nervous system for which he proposed three ... By 1870, and within 5 or 6 years of his beginning to analyse the clinical phenomena of epilepsy and to correlate them with ... when all that is obsolete or irrelevant is discarded there remains a rich treasure of physiological insight we cannot afford to ... déjà-vu and jamais vu phenomena. York, George K; Steinberg, David A (2011). "Hughlings Jackson's neurological ideas". Brain: A ...
List of MeSH codes
... urogenital system (87 articles) A06 - endocrine system A07 - cardiovascular system A08 - nervous system A09 - sense organs A10 ... cell phenomena, and immunity G05 - genetic processes G06 - biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition G07 - physiological ... A - Anatomy A01 - body regions (74 articles) A02 - musculoskeletal system (213 articles) A03 - digestive system (98 articles) ... nervous system diseases C11 - eye diseases C12 - urologic and male genital diseases C13 - female genital diseases and pregnancy ...
Hippocampus
Disorders, Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System (2011). Overview of the Glutamatergic System. ... "Synchrony between limbic system theta activity and rhythmical behavior in rats". Journal of Comparative and Physiological ... This phenomenon was soon referred to as long-term potentiation (LTP). As a candidate mechanism for long-term memory, LTP has ... Cooke SF, Bliss TV (Jul 2006). "Plasticity in the human central nervous system". Brain. 129 (Pt 7): 1659-1673. doi:10.1093/ ...
Edward Aveling
Mind as a function of the nervous system, National Reformer, xxxix (1882), pp. 469-470; xl (1882), pp. 3-4, 21-2. The Religious ... On "Waller and Sacharissa" see Edmund Gosse, From Shakespeare to Pope; an inquiry into the causes and phenomena of the rise of ... In 1877(thus three years after his Botanical Tables), he published his "Physiological Tables, for the use of students" The work ... Equally, as an evolutionist, I have come to the conclusion that the present system of production - the capitalistic system of ...
Skin temperature
Raynaud's phenomenon (also known as Raynaud's disease or syndrome) is an important condition affecting skin temperature of many ... Sympathetic control of blood flow to the skin involves the system of noradrenergic vasoconstriction as well as an active ... Some experts[who?] believe the physiological significance of skin temperature has been overlooked, because clinical analysis ... effectively reducing metabolic enzyme activity and velocity of nervous conduction to clinically stable levels. Beyond injury ...
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
By utilizing model systems, such as mice, studies have shown that stimulated paternal obesity at the time of conception can ... The phenomenon is sometimes referred to as Dutch Hunger Winter Syndrome. Furthermore, the increased rates of metabolic diseases ... In modern terms, a nervous fluid transmitted to offspring would be a form of epigenetic inheritance. Lamarckism, as this body ... In all 19 informative cases, the epimutations that, together with physiological imprinting and therefore silencing of the other ...
Pharmacology of bicalutamide
Bicalutamide was notably not found to do this, but this was likely simply due to the limited central nervous system penetration ... All these data emphasize that physiological levels of androgens have no action on the regulation of gonadotropins in normal ... This is the mechanism of the phenomenon of antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome, where antiandrogen discontinuation paradoxically ... It crosses the blood-brain barrier and exerts effects in the central nervous system. Bicalutamide is metabolized in the liver ...
Experimental psychology
... a British physiologist whose main contribution to the medical and scientific community was his research on the nervous system. ... In other words, behavioral or mental phenomena are typically stated in terms of cause and effect. If a phenomenon is ... In 1887, Ladd published Elements of Physiological Psychology, the first American textbook that extensively discussed ... This led to some neglect of mental phenomena within experimental psychology. In Europe, this was less the case, as European ...
Short-term effects of alcohol consumption
... and central nervous system depression at higher doses. Cell membranes are highly permeable to alcohol, so once alcohol is in ... The Mellanby effect is the phenomenon that the behavioral impairment due to alcohol is less, at the same BAC, when the BAC is ... Kovář J, Zemánková K (2015). "Moderate alcohol consumption and triglyceridemia". Physiological Research. 64 (Suppl 3): S371- ... Contributing to this effect is the activity that alcohol induces in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system. The GABA system ...
Sensory processing sensitivity
Discussion re nervous system is, inter alia, in "Prelude to Research" at p. 14. Acevedo, B; Aron, E; Pospos, S; Jessen, D ( ... physiological homeostasis, self-other processing, empathy and awareness. We suggest that this serves species survival via deep ... who argued in the 1970s that the phenomenon of sensitive and highly sensitive humans is "biologically anchored" and that the " ... weak nervous system (Pavlov), low screening (Mehrabian), augmenting (of stimulation; Petrie), reducing (of evoked potential; ...
Electrochemical skin conductance
The autonomic nervous system (ANS), of which sudomotor nerves are an integral part, is the primary extrinsic control mechanism ... The electrochemical phenomena are measured by the two active electrodes (the anode and the cathode) successively in the two ... From a physiological standpoint, the pattern of innervation of the sweat gland-namely, the postganglionic sympathetic nerve ... See also sweat gland, eccrine sweat gland and Autonomic nervous system. The ESC measurement relies on the particularities of ...
Substance abuse
Chronic use of certain substances leads to a change in the central nervous system known as a 'tolerance' to the medicine such ... It was the first definition to give equal weight to behavioural and physiological factors in diagnosis. By 1988, the DSM-IV ... Abuse of hallucinogens, although extremely unlikely, may in some individuals trigger delusional and other psychotic phenomena ... For instance, GHB, a naturally occurring substance in the central nervous system is considered a drug, and is illegal in many ...
Romantic medicine
... this being based on the central nervous system and involving physical forces such as electricity and magnetism. However, the ... Hahnemann also had a Goethean understanding of the sequential nature or unfolding of a disease phenomenon. In Hahnemann's ... the true physiological selfhood, the fully liberated (at liberty to follow his higher purpose or aspiration) and conscious (a ... "every living system lives in that which it procreates…that the system of nature remains and maintains an eternal vigour"). When ...
Subjects: Nervous System Physiological Phenomena - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine Search Results
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NIH VideoCast - Treatment Resistant Depression & the Neurobiology of Suicide
Brain & spine. - NLM Catalog - NCBI
Nervous system effects of a chemical herbicide - PubMed
Physiological Phenomena* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Nervous system effects of a chemical herbicide I DESI, J SOS, J OLASZ, F SULE, V MARKUS ... Nervous system effects of a chemical herbicide I DESI et al. Arch Environ Health. 1962 Jan. ... Nervous system effects of a chemical herbicide ... Central Nervous System / pharmacology* Actions. * Search in ...
Publication Detail
MeSH Terms: Air Pollution/adverse effects*; Autonomic Nervous System/physiology*; Cardiovascular System/physiopathology*; ... Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology* ... Any homeostatic process that utilizes the autonomic nervous system to regulate organ function might be affected. Thus, air ... While each of these reflex pathways causes distinct responses, the systems are heavily integrated and communicate through ...
The placebo effect and the autonomic nervous system: evidence for an intimate relationship - PubMed
... is increasing evidence that placebo interventions also affect end-organ functions regulated by the autonomic nervous system ( ... Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... The placebo effect and the autonomic nervous system: evidence for an intimate relationship Karin Meissner. Philos Trans R Soc ... The placebo effect and the autonomic nervous system: evidence for an intimate relationship Karin Meissner 1 ...
Reports of the Surgeon General - Profiles in Science
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
MeSH Browser
Nervous System Physiological Concepts Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon Nervous System Physiological Process Nervous ... 2009; see NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY 1998-2008; for NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES see NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGICAL ... Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena [G11] * Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena [G11.427] * Nervous System ... Nervous System Physiology Physiology, Nervous System NLM Classification #. WL 102. Previous Indexing. Nervous System/physiology ...
Portal Regional da BVS
PA-09-137: Basic and Translational Research in Emotion (R01)
... the central and peripheral nervous systems, the neuroendocrine system, and the immune system in emotional experience and ... The study of emotion encompasses a wide range of physiological, psychological, social, cognitive, and developmental phenomena. ... Important objects of study include, but are not limited to: 1) Central and peripheral nervous system activity in the origins, ... How do differences within the nervous system give rise to individual differences in emotional reactivity and regulation? ...
BVS Brasil
BVS Brasil
MeSH Browser
Theories of pain.pptx
Central nervous system (the spinal cord and the brain) Peripheral nervous system (nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord ... The benefit of this theory is that it provides a physiological basis for the complex phenomenon of pain. It does this by ... He claimed that in in earlier stages of evolution sensations were merely modifications of the nervous system and it was only ... Sensory Interaction Theory It describes two systems involving transmission of pain: fast and slow system. The later presumed ...
DeCS
Nervous System Physiological Concepts. Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon. Nervous System Physiological Process. Nervous ... Nervous System Physiological Phenomena Entry term(s). Nervous System Physiological Concepts Nervous System Physiological ... Phenomenon Nervous System Physiology Physiology, Nervous System System Physiology, Nervous Nervous System Physiological ... Nervous System Physiological Processes Entry term(s). Nervous System Physiologic Processes Nervous System Physiological Process ...
MeSH Browser
Nervous System Physiological Concepts Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon Nervous System Physiological Process Nervous ... 2009; see NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY 1998-2008; for NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES see NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGICAL ... Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena [G11] * Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena [G11.427] * Nervous System ... Nervous System Physiology Physiology, Nervous System NLM Classification #. WL 102. Previous Indexing. Nervous System/physiology ...
DailyMed - TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE tablet, film coated
The most frequently reported events were in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal system. Although the reactions ... Drug addiction is a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that may include a strong desire to take the ... Be nzodiazepines and Other Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants Clinical Impact: Due to additive pharmacologic effect, the ... Effects on the Central Nervous System Tramadol produces respiratory depression by direct action on brain stem respiratory ...
"Quantified Self" ...
That our physiological functions are regulated by the autonomic nervous system ("homeostasis"). That our sense-organs evolved, ... But lately, Ive noticed an especially odd cultural phenomenon: many articles and talks promoting a supposedly burgeoning " ... So now, the unemployed college graduate, having sunk into huge debt to pay for tuition, computer-system, etc., finds himself ... nervous) "breakdowns"-are simply replaced by the real machines theyd been all along forced to emulate. ...
The Splintered Mind: Do Some People Literally See Red When They're Angry?
... of emotions cause the sympathetic nervous system to act up and pump blood and so on and yet only anger triggers this phenomenon ... With this in mind, I think it is a physiological phenomenon, because I am reminded of how staring at the sun or a bright light ... Is it possible that theres a (more) physiological rather than psychological explanation for this phenomenon? Ive just ... Ive experienced the phenomenon once. No doubt in my mind that its an existing phenomenon because of that experience. Before ...
MeSH Browser
Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena [G11] * Nervous System Physiological Phenomena [G11.561] * Cerebrospinal ... It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.. Terms. Intracranial Pressure ... It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.. Entry Term(s). Intracerebral ...
Classification-Index
Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows - Volume 10, Number 12-December 2004 - Emerging Infectious...
... indicating that the ability to enter the nervous system and not neurovirulence, is instrumental for virulence of WNV strains ( ... Crow deaths were observed after West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into North America, and this phenomenon has subsequently ... or by altering the physiological host responses such as fever. ... virus is capable of accessing the nervous system through a ... Eidson M, Komar N, Sorhage F, Nelson R, Talbot T, Mostashari F, Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile ...
Nervous system. Medical search. Definitions
Nervous SystemNervous System Physiological PhenomenaBrainCentral Nervous System InfectionsNervous System DiseasesNervous System ... Central Nervous SystemNervous SystemPeripheral Nervous SystemEnteric Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous SystemSympathetic Nervous ... Central Nervous SystemNervous SystemCentral Nervous System DiseasesPeripheral Nervous SystemEnteric Nervous SystemCentral ... Central Nervous System DiseasesCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsCentral Nervous System InfectionsNervous System DiseasesNervous ...
Contingent Negative Variation | Profiles RNS
Call For PapersAutonomic nervou6
- Any homeostatic process that utilizes the autonomic nervous system to regulate organ function might be affected. (nih.gov)
- However, there is increasing evidence that placebo interventions also affect end-organ functions regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). (nih.gov)
- The autonomic nervous system includes the enteric, parasympathetic, and sympathetic subdivisions. (lookformedical.com)
- Two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system . (lookformedical.com)
- Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. (lookformedical.com)
- The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system . (lookformedical.com)
Parasympathetic system1
- It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system. (lookformedical.com)
Neoplasms1
- Included in this category are primary and metastatic nervous system neoplasms. (lookformedical.com)
Humans2
- Of course, when it becomes feasible (cost/benefit-wise), such recalcitrant humans-with their moments of fatigue or occasional (nervous) "breakdowns"-are simply replaced by the real machines they'd been all along forced to emulate. (dissidentvoice.org)
- Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are degenerative diseases of the central nervous system in humans and animals, and include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans, scrapie in sheep and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle. (uni-muenchen.de)
Diseases4
- and PRION DISEASES may involve the central nervous system as a primary or secondary process. (lookformedical.com)
- Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system . (lookformedical.com)
- Specific applications for systems and methods of the present invention include non-invasive assessment and monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP), arterial blood pressure (ABP), CNS autoregulation status, vasospasm, stroke, local edema, infection and vasculitus, as well as diagnosis and monitoring of diseases and conditions that are characterized by physical changes in tissue properties. (uw.edu)
- autoimmune diseases (where the body is "attacked" by its own immune system). (treasurenatural.com)
Sympathetic nervo2
- The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. (lookformedical.com)
- To address this issue, the present project aims to investigate whether self-reported stress and sympathetic nervous system activity increase prior to dissociative episodes, as well as whether self-reported stress decreases and parasympathetic nervous system activity increases during and after dissociative episodes in a transdiagnostic sample of patients with DD, BPD, and/or PTSD. (johannesheekerens.de)
Processes2
- Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the peripheral or the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM . (nih.gov)
- Benign and malignant neoplastic processes arising from or involving components of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems, cranial nerves , and meninges . (lookformedical.com)
Behavioral2
- Mechanistic Insight into Associations Between Health and Behavioral or Social Phenomena. (nih.gov)
- Sickness behavior is a physiological behavioral response principally induced and regulated by proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, which act centrally to induce sickness behaviors, including pyrexia. (biomedcentral.com)
Amino Acids1
- All these vitamins, microelements, amino acids are the basis for calming, relaxing the nervous system, a cheerful state, vitality and the formation of a healthy sleep and well-being. (your-antidepressant.com)
Exposure5
- Numerous studies have shown that exposure to various gases and airborne particles can alter the functional outcome of these reflexes, particularly with respect to the cardiovascular system. (nih.gov)
- Modulation of autonomic neural input to the heart and vasculature following direct activation of sensory nerves in the respiratory system, elicitation of oxidative stress and inflammation, or through other mechanisms is one of the primary ways that exposure to air pollution affects normal cardiovascular function. (nih.gov)
- This short review summarizes the function of major pulmonary sensory receptors, baroreceptors, and carotid body chemoreceptors and discusses the impacts of air pollution exposure on these systems. (nih.gov)
- Identify literature reporting on adverse pregnancy outcomes (prematurity-related outcomes, congenital malformations), neurological effects, cancer, and other health outcomes (e.g., reproductive system effects) related to prenatal exposure to progestogens reported in epidemiological, experimental animal, and in vitro model systems studies. (nih.gov)
- In addition, I analyze experimental data to investigate changes in affective, dissociative, and physiological states following exposure to stressors. (johannesheekerens.de)
Sensory3
- Von Frey (1895) argued that the body has a separate sensory system for perceiving pain-just as it does for hearing and vision. (slideshare.net)
- This theory considers pain as an independent sensation with specialised peripheral sensory receptors [nociceptors], which respond to damage and send signals through pathways (along nerve fibres) in the nervous system to target centres in the brain. (slideshare.net)
- The somatic nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors. (lookformedical.com)
Inflammation1
- Inflammation of blood vessels within the central nervous system . (lookformedical.com)
Biological7
- Biological actions and events that constitute the functions of the NERVOUS SYSTEM . (nih.gov)
- Systems and methods for assessment of tissue properties, noninvasively, by acquiring data relating to at least one aspect of intrinsic and/or induced tissue displacement, or associated biological responses, are provided. (uw.edu)
- Methods and systems for localizing physiological condition(s) and/or biological response(s), such as pain, by targeting and selectively probing tissues using the application of focused ultrasound are also provided. (uw.edu)
- Another objective is to spatially localize tissues having certain physiological properties or producing certain biological responses to the application of focused ultrasound (acoustic probing or palpation). (uw.edu)
- The present invention thus relates to systems and methods for noninvasive localization, assessment and monitoring of tissue properties and physiological conditions by detecting at least one parameter relating to intrinsic and/or induced tissue displacement and/or associated biological responses. (uw.edu)
- In one embodiment, acoustic properties of tissues are related to intrinsic and/or induced tissue displacement or associated biological responses, and are thereby related to tissue properties and physiological conditions. (uw.edu)
- In another embodiment, methods and systems for localizing physiological condition(s) and/or biological response(s) are provided. (uw.edu)
Peripheral2
- The peripheral nervous system has autonomic and somatic divisions. (lookformedical.com)
- Detection of intrinsic and/or induced displacements of other tissue types, including peripheral nerve tissue, heart tissue, and other non-bony tissues, may also be used to assess and monitor non-CNS physiological conditions. (uw.edu)
Anatomical2
- After discussing three psychological models for autonomic placebo effects, this article provides an anatomical framework of the autonomic system and then critically reviews the relevant placebo studies in the field, thereby focusing on gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and pulmonary functions. (nih.gov)
- He worked chiefly under John Newport Langley and Walter Gaskell, who imparted t him their dominant interest in how anatomical structure reflects, or is expressed in, physiological function. (encyclopedia.com)
Central5
- Concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, including alcohol, may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. (nih.gov)
- The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation. (lookformedical.com)
- Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM , especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS. (lookformedical.com)
- The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). (lookformedical.com)
- These systems and methods are especially effective for assessing central nervous system (CNS) tissue. (uw.edu)
Factors1
- Of particular interest to our group are the mechanisms by which Bcl-2 family proteins and other factors regulate programmed cell death , particularly in the nervous system, in cancer and in virus infections. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Tissue2
- The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. (lookformedical.com)
- An objective of this invention is to assess medically relevant physiological properties of target tissues by detecting exogenous (induced) and/or endogenous (intrinsic) displacement and/or compression of tissue. (uw.edu)
Work4
- Sherrington's scientific work may be broadly divided into two phases: from the 1880's to the publication of The Integrative Action of the Nervous System in 1906, and from 1906 to his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1932. (encyclopedia.com)
- When he began his work, in the 1880's the data and theories about the structure and function of the nervous system that had developed over the centuries were at best piecemeal. (encyclopedia.com)
- Controversy was rampant in almost every area and apart from some textbook presentations, few attempts had been made to correlate structural and functional data within a given field of study, much less to interrelate the various separate channels of work on the nervous system. (encyclopedia.com)
- In the present work, the physiological function of the N-terminal part of PrPc in subcellular trafficking was analysed. (uni-muenchen.de)
Immune system2
- That's why you see resistance develop in infectious disease - as the pathogens mutate around the challenges of the human immune system or of some antimicrobial drug - and in cancer, where mutated cells are under pressure to escape the killing effects of chemotherapies. (chemistryworld.com)
- The combination of drug therapy and the immune system is (usually! (chemistryworld.com)
Pathways1
- While each of these reflex pathways causes distinct responses, the systems are heavily integrated and communicate through overlapping regions of the brainstem to cause global effects. (nih.gov)
Skull1
- It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity. (nih.gov)
Studies1
- In neuroscience, physiological studies of long timescale phenomena, including memory formation and neurodegeneration, have often relied upon comparing data pooled across animals sampled at multiple time points. (nature.com)
Cancer1
- Sadly, this leads to the well-known phenomenon of a given cancer treatment working for a while - weeks, months, perhaps even years - only to fail in the end. (chemistryworld.com)
Present1
- Here we present the developmental validation of the ParaDNA® Screening System developed by LGC Forensics, an instrument for use outside the laboratory designed for the detection of human DNA on forensic evidence items. (mirnamimic.com)
Basic1
- One thing that occurred to me was that if some people literally see red when they're angry, there may be some basic physiological reason for that. (blogspot.com)
Basis1
- Several theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain the physiological basis of pain, although none yet completely accounts for all aspects of pain perception. (slideshare.net)
Normal1
- In addition, Bcl-2 family proteins have normal physiological roles in regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion and mitochondrial energetics to facilitate neuronal activity in healthy brains. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Monitor1
- Crow deaths were observed after West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into North America, and this phenomenon has subsequently been used to monitor the spread of the virus. (cdc.gov)
Main1
- The main information-processing organs of the nervous system , consisting of the brain , spinal cord , and meninges . (lookformedical.com)
Human1
- We are dominated and oppressed by the monetary system intended to enhance human security. (cadmusjournal.org)
