Integumentary System Physiological Phenomena
Nervous System Physiological Phenomena
Digestive System Physiological Phenomena
Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena
Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena
Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena
Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
Physiological Phenomena
Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena
Central Nervous System
Nervous System
Central Nervous System Diseases
Peripheral Nervous System
A genetic approach to visualization of multisynaptic neural pathways using plant lectin transgene. (1/794)
The wiring patterns among various types of neurons via specific synaptic connections are the basis of functional logic employed by the brain for information processing. This study introduces a powerful method of analyzing the neuronal connectivity patterns by delivering a tracer selectively to specific types of neurons while simultaneously transsynaptically labeling their target neurons. We developed a novel genetic approach introducing cDNA for a plant lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), as a transgene under the control of specific promoter elements. Using this method, we demonstrate three examples of visualization of specific transsynaptic neural pathways: the mouse cerebellar efferent pathways, the mouse olfactory pathways, and the Drosophila visual pathways. This strategy should greatly facilitate studies on the anatomical and functional organization of the developing and mature nervous system. (+info)Interstitial Ca2+ undergoes dynamic changes sufficient to stimulate nerve-dependent Ca2+-induced relaxation. (2/794)
We recently described a perivascular sensory nerve-linked dilator system that can be activated by interstitial Ca2+ (Ca2+isf). The present study tested the hypothesis that Ca2+isf in the rat duodenal submucosa varies through a range that is sufficient to activate this pathway. An in situ microdialysis method was used to estimate Ca2+isf. When the duodenal lumen was perfused with Ca2+-free buffer, Ca2+isf was 1.0 +/- 0.13 mmol/l. Ca2+isf increased to 1.52 +/- 0.04, 1.78 +/- 0.10, and 1.89 +/- 0.1 when the lumen was perfused with buffer containing 3, 6, and 10 mmol/l Ca2+, respectively (P < 0.05). Ca2+isf was 1.1 +/- 0.06 mmol/l in fasted animals and increased to 1. 4 +/- 0.06 mmol/l in free-feeding rats (P < 0.05). Wire myography was used to study isometric tension responses of isolated mesenteric resistance arteries. Cumulative addition of extracellular Ca2+-relaxed serotonin- and methoxamine-precontracted arteries with half-maximal effective doses of 1.54 +/- 0.05 and 1.67 +/- 0.08 mmol/l, respectively (n = 5). These data show that duodenal Ca2+isf undergoes dynamic changes over a range that activates the sensory nerve-linked dilator system and indicate that this system can link changes in local Ca2+ transport with alterations in regional resistance and organ blood flow. (+info)Increasing confidence in vergence as a cue to distance. (3/794)
Multiple cues contribute to the visual perception of an object's distance from the observer. The manner in which the nervous system combines these various cues is of considerable interest. Although it is accepted that image cues play a significant role in distance perception, controversy exists regarding the use of kinaesthetic information about the eyes' state of convergence. We used a perturbation technique to explore the contribution of vergence to visually based distance estimates as a function of both fixation distance and the availability of retinal information. Our results show that the nervous system increases the weighting given to vergence as (i) fixation distance becomes closer; and (ii) the available retinal image cues decrease. We also identified the presence of a strong contraction bias when distance cues were studied in isolation, but we argue that such biases do not suggest that vergence provides an ineffectual signal for near-space perception. (+info)In vivo microdialysis assessment of nerve-stimulated contractions associated with increased acetylcholine release in the dog intestine. (4/794)
Intestinal contractility and release of endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) were measured simultaneously in vivo in the small intestine of the anesthetized dog. Electrical stimulation of nerves in the intestinal seromuscular layers caused contractions and increased concentrations of ACh in the dialysate, which were abolished by infusion of tetrodotoxin into the intestinal marginal artery at 75 nmol/ml. Intraarterial administration of atropine at 150 nmol/ml abolished the stimulated contractions, without significant effects on increases in concentrations of dialysate ACh. Thus, the nerve-stimulated contractions were found in vivo to be associated with a local increase in ACh release from the intestinal cholinergic neurons. (+info)Depletion of cutaneous peptidergic innervation in HIV-associated xerosis. (5/794)
Severe xerosis occurs in approximately 20% of human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patients. Changes in cutaneous innervation have been found in various inflammatory skin diseases and in xerotic skin in familial amyloid. We have therefore carried out a quantitative examination of the cutaneous peptidergic innervation in human immunodeficiency virus-associated xerosis. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis quantitation were used to compare total cutaneous innervation (protein gene product 9.5), calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide peptidergic fibers, at two sites in the skin of human immunodeficiency virus-associated xerosis patients (upper arm, n = 12; upper leg, n = 11) and site-matched seronegative controls (upper arm, n = 10; upper leg, n = 10). Measurement of lengths of fibers of each type was carried out for each subject in the epidermis and papillary dermis, and around the sweat glands. Immunostained mast cells in these areas were counted. Epidermal integrity and maturation were assessed by immunostaining for involucrin. There were significant (Mann-Whitney U test; p < 0.02) decreases in total lengths of protein gene product 9.5 fibers in both epidermis/papillary dermis and sweat gland fields; of calcitonin gene-related peptide innervation in the epidermis/papillary dermis; and of substance P innervation of the sweat glands. There were no differences in the distribution of mast cells, or in the epidermal expression of involucrin. Depletion of the calcitonin gene-related peptide innervation may affect the nutrient blood supply of the upper dermis, and the integrity and function of basal epidermis and Langerhans cells. Diminished substance P innervation of the sweat glands may affect their secretory activity. Both of these changes may be implicated in the development of xerosis. (+info)Choroid plexus epithelial expression of MDR1 P glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein contribute to the blood-cerebrospinal-fluid drug-permeability barrier. (6/794)
The blood-brain barrier and a blood-cerebrospinal-fluid (CSF) barrier function together to isolate the brain from circulating drugs, toxins, and xenobiotics. The blood-CSF drug-permeability barrier is localized to the epithelium of the choroid plexus (CP). However, the molecular mechanisms regulating drug permeability across the CP epithelium are defined poorly. Herein, we describe a drug-permeability barrier in human and rodent CP mediated by epithelial-specific expression of the MDR1 (multidrug resistance) P glycoprotein (Pgp) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP). Noninvasive single-photon-emission computed tomography with 99mTc-sestamibi, a membrane-permeant radiopharmaceutical whose transport is mediated by both Pgp and MRP, shows a large blood-to-CSF concentration gradient across intact CP epithelium in humans in vivo. In rats, pharmacokinetic analysis with 99mTc-sestamibi determined the concentration gradient to be greater than 100-fold. In membrane fractions of isolated native CP from rat, mouse, and human, the 170-kDa Pgp and 190-kDa MRP are identified readily. Furthermore, the murine proteins are absent in CP isolated from their respective mdr1a/1b(-/-) and mrp(-/-) gene knockout littermates. As determined by immunohistochemical and drug-transport analysis of native CP and polarized epithelial cell cultures derived from neonatal rat CP, Pgp localizes subapically, conferring an apical-to-basal transepithelial permeation barrier to radiolabeled drugs. Conversely, MRP localizes basolaterally, conferring an opposing basal-to-apical drug-permeation barrier. Together, these transporters may coordinate secretion and reabsorption of natural product substrates and therapeutic drugs, including chemotherapeutic agents, antipsychotics, and HIV protease inhibitors, into and out of the central nervous system. (+info)Rhythmic swimming activity in neurones of the isolated nerve cord of the leech. (7/794)
1. Repeating bursts of motor neurone impulses have been recorded from the nerves of completely isolated nerve cords of the medicinal leech. The salient features of this burst rhythm are similar to those obtained in the semi-intact preparation during swimming. Hence the basic swimming rhythm is generated by a central oscillator. 2. Quantitative comparisons between the impulse patterns obtained from the isolated nerve cord and those obtained from a semi-intact preparation show that the variation in both dorsal to ventral motor neurone phasing and burst duration with swim cycle period differ in these two preparations. 3. The increase of intersegmental delay with period, which is a prominent feature of swimming behaviour of the intact animal, is not seen in either the semi-intact or isolated cord preparations. 4. In the semi-intact preparation, stretching the body wall or depolarizing an inhibitory motor neurone changes the burst duration of excitatory motor neurones in the same segment. In the isolated nerve cord, these manipulations also change the period of the swim cycle in the entire cord. 5. These comparisons suggest that sensory input stabilizes the centrally generated swimming rhythm, determines the phasing of the bursts of impulses from dorsal and ventral motor neurones, and matches the intersegmental delay to the cycle period so as to maintain a constant body shape at all rates of swimming. (+info)Time course of myosin heavy chain transitions in neonatal rats: importance of innervation and thyroid state. (8/794)
During the postnatal period, rat limb muscles adapt to weight bearing via the replacement of embryonic (Emb) and neonatal (Neo) myosin heavy chains (MHCs) by the adult isoforms. Our aim was to characterize this transition in terms of the six MHC isoforms expressed in skeletal muscle and to determine the importance of innervation and thyroid hormone status on the attainment of the adult MHC phenotype. Neonatal rats were made hypothyroid via propylthiouracil (PTU) injection. In normal and PTU subgroups, leg muscles were unilaterally denervated at 15 days of age. The MHC profiles of plantaris (PLN) and soleus (Sol) muscles were determined at 7, 14, 23, and 30 days postpartum. At day 7, the Sol MHC profile was 55% type I, 30% Emb, and 10% Neo; in the PLN, the pattern was 60% Neo and 25% Emb. By day 30 the Sol and PLN had essentially attained an adult MHC profile in the controls. PTU augmented slow MHC expression in the Sol, whereas in the PLN it markedly repressed IIb MHC by retaining neonatal MHC expression. Denervation blunted the upregulation of IIb in the PLN and of Type I in the Sol and shifted the pattern to greater expression of IIa and IIx MHCs in both muscles. In contrast to previous observations, these findings collectively suggest that both an intact thyroid and innervation state are obligatory for the attainment of the adult MHC phenotype, particularly in fast-twitch muscles. (+info)The integumentary system is the largest organ system in the human body, responsible for providing a protective barrier against the external environment. The physiological phenomena associated with the integumentary system encompass a range of functions and processes that occur within the skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands. These phenomena include:
1. Barrier Function: The skin forms a physical barrier that protects the body from external threats such as pathogens, chemicals, and radiation. It also helps prevent water loss and regulates electrolyte balance.
2. Temperature Regulation: The integumentary system plays a crucial role in maintaining core body temperature through vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the skin, as well as through sweat production by eccrine glands.
3. Sensory Perception: The skin contains various sensory receptors that detect touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold. These receptors transmit information to the central nervous system for processing and response.
4. Vitamin D Synthesis: The skin is capable of synthesizing vitamin D when exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight. This process involves the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin into previtamin D3, which then undergoes further transformation into vitamin D3.
5. Excretion: Sweat glands within the integumentary system help eliminate waste products and excess heat through the production and secretion of sweat. The two types of sweat glands are eccrine glands, which produce a watery, odorless sweat, and apocrine glands, which produce a milky, odorous sweat primarily in response to emotional stimuli.
6. Immunological Function: The skin serves as an essential component of the immune system by providing a physical barrier against pathogens and housing various immune cells such as Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and T-cells. These cells help recognize and respond to potential threats, contributing to the body's overall defense mechanisms.
7. Wound Healing: The integumentary system has the remarkable ability to repair itself following injury through a complex process involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This process involves the coordinated efforts of various cell types, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, as well as the production and deposition of extracellular matrix components such as collagen and elastin.
8. Growth and Development: The integumentary system plays a crucial role in growth and development by producing hormones such as vitamin D and melatonin, which contribute to various physiological processes throughout the body. Additionally, the skin serves as an essential sensory organ, providing information about temperature, touch, pain, and pressure through specialized nerve endings called mechanoreceptors.
9. Social Communication: The integumentary system can convey important social signals through changes in coloration, texture, and odor. For example, blushing or sweating may indicate embarrassment or anxiety, while certain skin conditions such as psoriasis or eczema may signal underlying health issues. Additionally, the release of pheromones through sweat glands can influence social behavior and attraction.
10. Aesthetic Appeal: The integumentary system contributes significantly to an individual's appearance and self-esteem. Healthy skin, hair, and nails are often associated with youthfulness, attractiveness, and vitality, while skin conditions such as acne, wrinkles, or discoloration can negatively impact one's self-image and confidence. As a result, maintaining the health and appearance of the integumentary system is an essential aspect of overall well-being and quality of life.
'Nervous system physiological phenomena' refer to the functions, activities, and processes that occur within the nervous system in a healthy or normal state. This includes:
1. Neuronal Activity: The transmission of electrical signals (action potentials) along neurons, which allows for communication between different cells and parts of the nervous system.
2. Neurotransmission: The release and binding of neurotransmitters to receptors on neighboring cells, enabling the transfer of information across the synapse or junction between two neurons.
3. Sensory Processing: The conversion of external stimuli into electrical signals by sensory receptors, followed by the transmission and interpretation of these signals within the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
4. Motor Function: The generation and execution of motor commands, allowing for voluntary movement and control of muscles and glands.
5. Autonomic Function: The regulation of internal organs and glands through the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, maintaining homeostasis within the body.
6. Cognitive Processes: Higher brain functions such as perception, attention, memory, language, learning, and emotion, which are supported by complex neural networks and interactions.
7. Sleep-Wake Cycle: The regulation of sleep and wakefulness through interactions between the brainstem, thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain, ensuring proper rest and recovery.
8. Development and Plasticity: The growth, maturation, and adaptation of the nervous system throughout life, including processes such as neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, and neural plasticity.
9. Endocrine Regulation: The interaction between the nervous system and endocrine system, with the hypothalamus playing a key role in controlling hormone release and maintaining homeostasis.
10. Immune Function: The communication between the nervous system and immune system, allowing for the coordination of responses to infection, injury, or stress.
The digestive system is a complex network of organs and glands that work together to break down food into nutrients, which are then absorbed and utilized by the body for energy, growth, and cell repair. The physiological phenomena associated with the digestive system include:
1. Ingestion: This is the process of taking in food through the mouth.
2. Mechanical digestion: This involves the physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces through processes such as chewing, churning, and segmentation.
3. Chemical digestion: This involves the chemical breakdown of food molecules into simpler forms that can be absorbed by the body. This is achieved through the action of enzymes produced by the mouth, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine.
4. Motility: This refers to the movement of food through the digestive tract, which is achieved through a series of coordinated muscle contractions called peristalsis.
5. Secretion: This involves the production and release of various digestive juices and enzymes by glands such as the salivary glands, gastric glands, pancreas, and liver.
6. Absorption: This is the process of absorbing nutrients from the digested food into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine.
7. Defecation: This is the final process of eliminating undigested food and waste products from the body through the rectum and anus.
Overall, the coordinated functioning of these physiological phenomena ensures the proper digestion and absorption of nutrients, maintaining the health and well-being of the individual.
Dental physiological phenomena refer to the various natural and normal functions, processes, and responses that occur in the oral cavity, particularly in the teeth and their supporting structures. These phenomena are essential for maintaining good oral health and overall well-being. Some of the key dental physiological phenomena include:
1. Tooth formation (odontogenesis): The process by which teeth develop from embryonic cells into fully formed adult teeth, including the growth and mineralization of tooth enamel, dentin, and cementum.
2. Eruption: The natural movement of a tooth from its developmental position within the jawbone to its final functional position in the oral cavity, allowing it to come into contact with the opposing tooth for biting and chewing.
3. Tooth mobility: The normal slight movement or displacement of teeth within their sockets due to the action of masticatory forces and the elasticity of the periodontal ligament that connects the tooth root to the alveolar bone.
4. Salivary flow: The continuous production and secretion of saliva by the major and minor salivary glands, which helps maintain a moist oral environment, neutralize acids, and aid in food digestion, speech, and swallowing.
5. pH balance: The regulation of acidity and alkalinity within the oral cavity, primarily through the buffering capacity of saliva and the action of dental plaque bacteria that metabolize sugars and produce acids as a byproduct.
6. Tooth sensitivity: The normal response of teeth to various stimuli such as temperature changes, touch, or pressure, which is mediated by the activation of nerve fibers within the dentin layer of the tooth.
7. Oral mucosal immune response: The natural defense mechanisms of the oral mucosa, including the production of antimicrobial proteins and peptides, the recruitment of immune cells, and the formation of a physical barrier against pathogens.
8. Tooth wear and attrition: The normal gradual loss of tooth structure due to natural processes such as chewing, grinding, and erosion by acidic substances, which can be influenced by factors such as diet, occlusion, and bruxism.
9. Tooth development and eruption: The growth and emergence of teeth from the dental follicle through the alveolar bone and gingival tissues, which is regulated by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
The digestive system is a series of organs and glands that work together to break down food into nutrients, which the body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair. The process begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin breaking down carbohydrates.
The oral physiological phenomena refer to the functions and processes that occur in the mouth during eating and digestion. These include:
1. Ingestion: The process of taking food into the mouth.
2. Mechanical digestion: The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces by chewing, which increases the surface area for enzymes to act on.
3. Chemical digestion: The chemical breakdown of food molecules into simpler substances that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. In the mouth, this is initiated by salivary amylase, an enzyme found in saliva that breaks down starches into simple sugars.
4. Taste perception: The ability to detect different flavors through specialized taste buds located on the tongue and other areas of the oral cavity.
5. Olfaction: The sense of smell, which contributes to the overall flavor experience by interacting with taste perception in the brain.
6. Salivation: The production of saliva, which helps moisten food, making it easier to swallow, and contains enzymes that begin the digestion process.
7. Protective mechanisms: The mouth has several defense mechanisms to protect against harmful bacteria and other pathogens, such as the flow of saliva, which helps wash away food particles, and the presence of antibacterial compounds in saliva.
Reproductive physiological phenomena refer to the functions and processes related to human reproduction, which include:
1. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis: The regulation of reproductive hormones through a feedback mechanism between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads (ovaries in females and testes in males).
2. Oogenesis/Spermatogenesis: The process of producing mature ova (eggs) or spermatozoa (sperm) capable of fertilization.
3. Menstrual Cycle: A series of events that occur in the female reproductive system over approximately 28 days, including follicular development, ovulation, and endometrial changes.
4. Pregnancy and Parturition: The process of carrying a developing fetus to term and giving birth.
5. Lactation: The production and secretion of milk by the mammary glands for nourishment of the newborn.
Urinary physiological phenomena refer to the functions and processes related to the urinary system, which include:
1. Renal Filtration: The process of filtering blood in the kidneys to form urine.
2. Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion: The active transport of solutes and water between the tubular lumen and peritubular capillaries, resulting in the formation of urine with a different composition than plasma.
3. Urine Concentration and Dilution: The ability to regulate the concentration of urine by adjusting the amount of water reabsorbed or excreted.
4. Micturition: The process of storing and intermittently releasing urine from the bladder through a coordinated contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the urethral sphincter.
Musculoskeletal physiological phenomena refer to the mechanical, physical, and biochemical processes and functions that occur within the musculoskeletal system. This system includes the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilages, and other tissues that provide support, shape, and movement to the body. Examples of musculoskeletal physiological phenomena include muscle contraction and relaxation, bone growth and remodeling, joint range of motion, and the maintenance and repair of connective tissues.
Neural physiological phenomena, on the other hand, refer to the electrical and chemical processes and functions that occur within the nervous system. This system includes the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia that are responsible for processing information, controlling body movements, and maintaining homeostasis. Examples of neural physiological phenomena include action potential generation and propagation, neurotransmitter release and reception, sensory perception, and cognitive processes such as learning and memory.
Musculoskeletal and neural physiological phenomena are closely interrelated, as the nervous system controls the musculoskeletal system through motor neurons that innervate muscles, and sensory neurons that provide feedback to the brain about body position, movement, and pain. Understanding these physiological phenomena is essential for diagnosing and treating various medical conditions that affect the musculoskeletal and nervous systems.
Circulatory and respiratory physiological phenomena refer to the functions, processes, and mechanisms that occur in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to maintain homeostasis and support life.
The circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. The respiratory system, which consists of the nose, throat, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm, enables the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
Physiological phenomena in the circulatory system include heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, blood flow, and vascular resistance. These phenomena are regulated by various factors such as the autonomic nervous system, hormones, and metabolic demands.
Physiological phenomena in the respiratory system include ventilation, gas exchange, lung compliance, airway resistance, and respiratory muscle function. These phenomena are influenced by factors such as lung volume, airway diameter, surface area, and diffusion capacity.
Understanding circulatory and respiratory physiological phenomena is essential for diagnosing and managing various medical conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders, and metabolic disorders. It also provides a foundation for developing interventions to improve health outcomes and prevent disease.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena" is not a widely recognized or established medical term. It seems to be a broad concept that combines elements from sports nutrition, physiology, and potentially some biochemical phenomena.
1. Sports Nutrition: This involves the study of how diet can impact physical performance during sporting activities. It includes understanding the role of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) in athletic performance and recovery.
2. Physiological Phenomena: This refers to the functions and activities of living organisms and their parts, including all physical and chemical processes. In the context of sports, this could include how the body responds to exercise, such as increased heart rate, respiratory rate, and metabolism.
If you're looking for a definition that encompasses these areas, it might be something like: "The study of how nutritional intake and physiological responses interact during sporting activities, including the impact on performance, recovery, and overall health." However, this is not a standard medical definition. If you could provide more context or clarify what specific aspects you're interested in, I might be able to give a more precise answer.
Reproductive physiological phenomena refer to the various functional processes and changes that occur in the reproductive system, enabling the production, development, and reproduction of offspring in living organisms. These phenomena encompass a wide range of events, including:
1. Hormonal regulation: The release and circulation of hormones that control and coordinate reproductive functions, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and inhibin.
2. Ovarian and testicular function: The development and maturation of ova (eggs) in females and sperm in males, including folliculogenesis, ovulation, spermatogenesis, and the maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics.
3. Menstrual cycle: The series of events that occur in the female reproductive system over a 28-day period, consisting of the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase, resulting in the shedding of the uterine lining if fertilization does not occur.
4. Fertilization: The process by which a sperm penetrates and fuses with an egg to form a zygote, initiating embryonic development.
5. Implantation: The attachment and embedding of the developing blastocyst (early-stage embryo) into the uterine lining, leading to pregnancy.
6. Pregnancy: The physiological state of carrying a developing offspring within the female reproductive system, characterized by hormonal changes, growth and development of the fetus, and preparation for childbirth.
7. Lactation: The production and secretion of milk from the mammary glands to provide nutrition for newborn offspring.
8. Menopause: The permanent cessation of menstrual cycles and reproductive function in females, typically occurring in the fourth or fifth decade of life, characterized by a decline in hormone production and various physical and emotional symptoms.
These reproductive physiological phenomena are complex and highly regulated processes that ensure the continuation of species and the maintenance of genetic diversity.
Physiological phenomena refer to the functional and mechanical activities that occur within a living organism or in any of its parts. These phenomena are associated with the normal functioning of the body and its organs, including biological processes such as digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, metabolism, and nerve impulse transmission. They can be studied at different levels, from molecular and cellular to organ system and whole-body levels, and are essential for maintaining homeostasis and promoting the survival and health of the organism.
I cannot provide a medical definition for the term "Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena" as it is not a widely recognized or established term in the field of medicine or nutrition. It seems to be a very specific and narrow term that may refer to certain age-related changes in nutritional status and physiological functions among older adults. However, I would recommend consulting with a healthcare professional or geriatric specialist for a more accurate and detailed explanation based on the context and specific phenomena being referred to.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena" is not a widely recognized or established medical term. However, I can provide information about the physiology of the urinary tract, which may be what you are looking for.
The urinary tract is a system responsible for producing, storing, and eliminating urine from the body. It includes two kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. The physiological phenomena associated with the urinary tract include:
1. Glomerular filtration: In the kidneys, blood is filtered through structures called glomeruli, which remove waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream to form urine.
2. Tubular reabsorption: As urine moves through the tubules of the nephron in the kidney, essential substances like water, glucose, amino acids, and electrolytes are actively reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
3. Hormonal regulation: The urinary system plays a role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance through hormonal mechanisms, such as the release of erythropoietin (regulates red blood cell production), renin (activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to regulate blood pressure and fluid balance), and calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D that helps regulate calcium homeostasis).
4. Urine storage: The bladder serves as a reservoir for urine, expanding as it fills and contracting during urination.
5. Micturition (urination): Once the bladder reaches a certain volume or pressure, nerve signals are sent to the brain, leading to the conscious decision to urinate. The sphincters of the urethra relax, allowing urine to flow out of the body through the urethral opening.
If you could provide more context about what specific information you're looking for, I would be happy to help further!
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is the part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is called the "central" system because it receives information from, and sends information to, the rest of the body through peripheral nerves, which make up the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The CNS is responsible for processing sensory information, controlling motor functions, and regulating various autonomic processes like heart rate, respiration, and digestion. The brain, as the command center of the CNS, interprets sensory stimuli, formulates thoughts, and initiates actions. The spinal cord serves as a conduit for nerve impulses traveling to and from the brain and the rest of the body.
The CNS is protected by several structures, including the skull (which houses the brain) and the vertebral column (which surrounds and protects the spinal cord). Despite these protective measures, the CNS remains vulnerable to injury and disease, which can have severe consequences due to its crucial role in controlling essential bodily functions.
Musculoskeletal physiological phenomena refer to the various functions, processes, and responses that occur in the musculoskeletal system. This system includes the muscles, bones, joints, cartilages, tendons, ligaments, and other connective tissues that work together to support the body's structure, enable movement, and protect vital organs.
Musculoskeletal physiological phenomena can be categorized into several areas:
1. Muscle contraction and relaxation: This involves the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy through the sliding of actin and myosin filaments in muscle fibers, leading to muscle shortening or lengthening.
2. Bone homeostasis: This includes the maintenance of bone mass, density, and strength through a balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts.
3. Joint movement and stability: The movement of joints is enabled by the interaction between muscles, tendons, ligaments, and articular cartilage, while stability is maintained through the passive tension provided by ligaments and the active contraction of muscles.
4. Connective tissue repair and regeneration: This involves the response of tissues such as tendons, ligaments, and muscles to injury or damage, including inflammation, cell proliferation, and matrix remodeling.
5. Neuromuscular control: The coordination of muscle activity through the integration of sensory information from proprioceptors (e.g., muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs) and motor commands from the central nervous system.
6. Skeletal development and growth: This includes the processes of bone formation, mineralization, and modeling during fetal development and childhood, as well as the maintenance of bone mass and strength throughout adulthood.
7. Aging and degeneration: The progressive decline in musculoskeletal function and structure with age, including sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass), osteoporosis (brittle bones), and joint degeneration (osteoarthritis).
Understanding these physiological phenomena is essential for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries.
The nervous system is a complex, highly organized network of specialized cells called neurons and glial cells that communicate with each other via electrical and chemical signals to coordinate various functions and activities in the body. It consists of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all the nerves and ganglia outside the CNS.
The primary function of the nervous system is to receive, process, and integrate information from both internal and external environments and then respond by generating appropriate motor outputs or behaviors. This involves sensing various stimuli through specialized receptors, transmitting this information through afferent neurons to the CNS for processing, integrating this information with other inputs and memories, making decisions based on this processed information, and finally executing responses through efferent neurons that control effector organs such as muscles and glands.
The nervous system can be further divided into subsystems based on their functions, including the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements and reflexes; the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary physiological processes like heart rate, digestion, and respiration; and the enteric nervous system, which is a specialized subset of the autonomic nervous system that controls gut functions. Overall, the nervous system plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis, regulating behavior, and enabling cognition and consciousness.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Virus Physiological Phenomena" is not a widely recognized or established medical term or concept. It seems to be a combination of two concepts: "virus" and "physiological phenomena."
1. A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses can cause many different types of illnesses, from the common cold to more serious diseases like HIV/AIDS or hepatitis.
2. Physiological phenomena refer to the functions and activities of living organisms and their parts, including cells, tissues, and organs.
If you're looking for information about how viruses affect physiological processes in the body, I would be happy to help provide some general information on that topic! However, it would be best to consult a specific medical text or expert for more detailed or specialized knowledge.
"Blood physiological phenomena" is a broad term that refers to various functions, processes, and characteristics related to the blood in the body. Here are some definitions of specific blood-related physiological phenomena:
1. Hematopoiesis: The process of producing blood cells in the bone marrow. This includes the production of red blood cells (erythropoiesis), white blood cells (leukopoiesis), and platelets (thrombopoiesis).
2. Hemostasis: The body's response to stop bleeding or prevent excessive blood loss after injury. It involves a complex interplay between blood vessels, platelets, and clotting factors that work together to form a clot.
3. Osmoregulation: The regulation of water and electrolyte balance in the blood. This is achieved through various mechanisms such as thirst, urine concentration, and hormonal control.
4. Acid-base balance: The maintenance of a stable pH level in the blood. This involves the balance between acidic and basic components in the blood, which can be affected by factors such as respiration, metabolism, and kidney function.
5. Hemoglobin function: The ability of hemoglobin molecules in red blood cells to bind and transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body.
6. Blood viscosity: The thickness or flowability of blood, which can affect its ability to circulate through the body. Factors that can influence blood viscosity include hematocrit (the percentage of red blood cells in the blood), plasma proteins, and temperature.
7. Immunological function: The role of white blood cells and other components of the immune system in protecting the body against infection and disease. This includes the production of antibodies, phagocytosis (the engulfing and destruction of foreign particles), and inflammation.
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases refer to medical conditions that primarily affect the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is responsible for controlling various functions in the body, including movement, sensation, cognition, and behavior. Therefore, diseases of the CNS can have significant impacts on a person's quality of life and overall health.
There are many different types of CNS diseases, including:
1. Infectious diseases: These are caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites that infect the brain or spinal cord. Examples include meningitis, encephalitis, and polio.
2. Neurodegenerative diseases: These are characterized by progressive loss of nerve cells in the brain or spinal cord. Examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
3. Structural diseases: These involve damage to the physical structure of the brain or spinal cord, such as from trauma, tumors, or stroke.
4. Functional diseases: These affect the function of the nervous system without obvious structural damage, such as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy.
5. Genetic disorders: Some CNS diseases are caused by genetic mutations, such as spinal muscular atrophy and Friedreich's ataxia.
Symptoms of CNS diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and the area of the brain or spinal cord that is affected. They may include muscle weakness, paralysis, seizures, loss of sensation, difficulty with coordination and balance, confusion, memory loss, changes in behavior or mood, and pain. Treatment for CNS diseases depends on the specific condition and may involve medications, surgery, rehabilitation therapy, or a combination of these approaches.
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is that part of the nervous system which lies outside of the brain and spinal cord. It includes all the nerves and ganglia ( clusters of neurons) outside of the central nervous system (CNS). The PNS is divided into two components: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
The somatic nervous system is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the skin, muscles, and joints to the CNS, and for controlling voluntary movements of the skeletal muscles.
The autonomic nervous system, on the other hand, controls involuntary actions, such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, salivation, perspiration, pupillary dilation, and sexual arousal. It is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, which generally have opposing effects and maintain homeostasis in the body.
Damage to the peripheral nervous system can result in various medical conditions such as neuropathies, neuritis, plexopathies, and radiculopathies, leading to symptoms like numbness, tingling, pain, weakness, or loss of reflexes in the affected area.
Heart rate variability
Nervous system network models
Physiological psychology
Psychophysiological economics
QT interval variability
Reflex syncope
Paul Ekman
Sense
Emotional choice theory
Society for Psychophysiological Research
Cushing reflex
Christopher L.-H. Huang
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Clear Sky
Emotion
Cutamesine
Adult development
Electrodermal activity
Nitenpyram
Referred itch
Ludwig Julius Budge
Animal magnetism
Goetheanism
Broken escalator phenomenon
Association of ideas
Vincent Hayward
Erection
Hypnosis
Caffeine
Amorphosynthesis
Postpartum chills
Nervous system physiological phenomena Archives - Inside Precision Medicine
Nervous System Physiological Phenomena - Neural Conduction | CU Experts | CU Boulder
Journal of Nervous System and Physiological Phenomena | JNPP | Open Access Pub
Journal of Nervous System and Physiological Phenomena | JNPP | Open Access Pub
Inducible and constitutive transcription factors in the mammalian nervous system: control of gene expression by Jun, Fos and...
Emerging roles of Wnts in the adult nervous system
Heart rate variability - Wikipedia
Touch | Profiles RNS
Pain Threshold | Profiles RNS
Mathematics | Free Full-Text | Transport Phenomena in Excitable Systems: Existence of Bounded Solutions and Absorbing Sets
Art & Architecture Thesaurus Full Record Display (Getty Research)
BVS Brasil
psychology
Organisational Neuroscience Conference
Book - Frontiers in Anti-infective Agents
| Bentham Science
To Colonize Different Environments, Bacteria Precisely Tune Their Nanomotors - ScienceBlog.com
Portal Regional da BVS
Authors: Seguin, E. C. (Edward Constant), 1843-1898 / Languages: English / Copyright: Public domain - Digital Collections -...
Musculoskeletal Pain | Colorado PROFILES
Non-Cholinergic Signaling Pathways at Vertebrate Neuromuscular Junctions | IntechOpen
The Splintered Mind: Do Some People Literally See Red When They're Angry?
Healing as a Subversive Act
DeCS 2015 - March 31st, 2015 version
DeCS 2015 - March 31st, 2015 version
DeCS 2015 - March 31st, 2015 version
DeCS 2015 - March 31st, 2015 version
DeCS
DeCS 2015 - March 31st, 2015 version
Musculotendon translational stiffness and muscle activity are modified by shear forces - McMaster Experts
Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena3
- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (sdsu.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena" by people in this website by year, and whether "Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (sdsu.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena" by people in Profiles. (sdsu.edu)
Physiology1
- As cohesion is at the heart of epithelial physiology, our model may be relevant to many other epithelial systems, even if manifested at different time/length scales. (biorxiv.org)
Autonomic14
- The neurovisceral integration is a model of HRV that views the central autonomic network as the decision maker of cognitive, behavioral and physiological regulation as they pertain to a continuum of emotion. (wikipedia.org)
- Variation in the output of these two branches of the autonomic system produces HRV and activity in the prefrontal cortex can hence modulate HRV. (wikipedia.org)
- Modulation of autonomic neural input to the heart and vasculature following direct activation of sensory nerves in the respiratory system, elicitation of oxidative stress and inflammation, or through other mechanisms is one of the primary ways that exposure to air pollution affects normal cardiovascular function. (nih.gov)
- Any homeostatic process that utilizes the autonomic nervous system to regulate organ function might be affected. (nih.gov)
- Acute autonomic dysfunction has a direct impact on the mortality risk, given its repercussions on the respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. (frontiersin.org)
- A better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of Post-COVID manifestations that affect the autonomic nervous system, and targeted therapeutic management could help reduce the sequelae of COVID-19, especially if we act in the earliest phases of the disease. (frontiersin.org)
- With this special massage technique, the use of heated or cooled stones penetrates the heat or cold into deeper body zones and thus influences the autonomic nervous system. (sanlas.at)
- [ 16 , 33 ] Due to a resulting dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, SIDS victims have a diminished capacity to respond to physiological challenges during a vulnerable developmental period between 2 to 4 months after birth, when the majority of SIDS occurs. (medscape.com)
- The research on heart-rate variability (HRV) signals as a tool for the quantitative evaluation of the autonomic control of the cardiovascular system began in the 1980s and soon extended from HRV to other signals obtained from the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, including arterial blood pressure (AP), blood flow, and respiration. (embs.org)
- In particular, it is possible to observe the correspondence between rhythms present in the HRV signal and the activation of the sympathetic or the vagal branches of the autonomic nervous system. (embs.org)
- The CVE says that emotions are precipitated by events and then produce a stereotypical set of outputs in the face, voice, autonomic/peripheral nervous system, behavior, and, or brain. (emotionnews.org)
- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a central role in producing the sensation of butterflies in the stomach. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- The feeling of butterflies in the stomach is a complex interplay between the autonomic nervous system, the gut-brain axis, and our emotions. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- Brainspotting works with the deep brain and the body through its direct access to the autonomic and limbic systems within the body's central nervous system. (tabularasapsychology.com)
Processes13
- Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the peripheral or the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM . (bvsalud.org)
- Physiological processes and properties of the DENTITION. (lookformedical.com)
- Properties and processes of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM and DENTITION as a whole or of any of its parts. (lookformedical.com)
- Properties, and processes of the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM and the NERVOUS SYSTEM or their parts. (lookformedical.com)
- Physiological processes, factors, properties and characteristics pertaining to REPRODUCTION. (lookformedical.com)
- Processes and properties of the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. (lookformedical.com)
- The physiological processes, properties, and states characteristic of plants. (lookformedical.com)
- In physiological psychology the attempt is made to parallel so-called psychical phenomena with physiological processes. (brocku.ca)
- Here also belong the theories of the emotion which connect them on the one side with physical attitudes that are the expression of ideas and on the other with physiological processes by which the idea passes into overt action. (brocku.ca)
- Within the physiological system the expression of this energy can be nothing but the various movements of the body and the inner nutritive circulatory excretory and reproductive processes which make these motions of the body possible and preserve the form and the species. (brocku.ca)
- Cytokines, such as the tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), are proteins that express a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation, cancer, autoimmunity, and infection [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Significance Our work demonstrates that many observed dynamical phenomena in epithelial tissues can be explained merely by mechanical cell-cell interactions, and do not require chemical diffusion or transport between cells (though chemical activity may participate in relevant intracellular processes). (biorxiv.org)
- 1. Reflexion of Motor Processes upon the Phenomena of Vegetative Life. (routledge.com)
Cell Physiological Phenomena1
- Cell Physiological Phenomena. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
Behavioral3
- Their studies in fact were based on behavioral phenomena induced by drugs injected peripherally. (erowid.org)
- Further, each emotion is thought to have some sort of specific pattern of physiological and behavioral outputs. (emotionnews.org)
- Approaches range from the molecular over the anatomical and physiological to the behavioral. (jbjclub.org)
Range of physiological1
- These hormones cause a range of physiological changes, including increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and heightened senses. (medicalchannelasia.com)
Brain12
- This therapy is particularly appealing to the central nervous system and especially the brain and spinal cord skins. (sanlas.at)
- Neuroanatomy content in the Central Nervous System tree [A08.186] was updated to reflect the current progress in neurobiomedical science and to accommodate search and retrieval of literature in brain connectome and related disciplines. (bvsalud.org)
- It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity. (nih.gov)
- The hypothesis of a unique physiological role of dopamine as a neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain was first put forth by Carlsson and associates in 1958 (6). (erowid.org)
- In Italy, this has led to several different avenues of research, mainly related to signal and image processing of the cardiovascular system and brain function. (embs.org)
- It proposes that the subconscious brain regulates power output (pacing strategy) by modulating motor unit recruitment to preserve whole body homoeostasis and prevent catastrophic physiological failure such as rigor. (bmj.com)
- The stomach and the brain share a close relationship through the gut-brain axis, a complex communication system involving hormones, neurotransmitters, and nerves. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- The vagus nerve, the longest nerve in the ANS, connects the brain to the digestive system, allowing for two-way communication. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- Understanding the medical reasons behind this phenomenon can help us better manage our emotional well-being and maintain a healthy connection between our brain and stomach. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- Brain, Behavior and Evolution is a journal with a loyal following, high standards, and a unique profile as the main outlet for the continuing scientific discourse on nervous system evolution. (jbjclub.org)
- Despite this diversity, most papers published in Brain, Behavior and Evolution include an evolutionary angle, at least in the discussion, and focus on neural mechanisms or phenomena. (jbjclub.org)
- Nevertheless, the role of senescent cells in COVID-19 pathology, particularly related to human tissue brain aging and in the central nervous system (CNS), remains unclear. (news-medical.net)
Subjects1
- We performed physiological measurements, such as EEG, ECG, blood flow around the carotid artery and between both eyebrows of the subjects' faces using Doppler method, PPG, SpO2, CO2, GSR, and measuring respiration from the nose and abdominal respiration, etc. simultaneously recording the phenomena from the subjects during the non-visual recognition. (qigonginstitute.org)
Parasympathetic nervou4
- The neurovisceral integration model describes how the prefrontal cortex regulates activity in limbic structures which act to suppress parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) activity and activate sympathetic nervous system (SNS) circuits. (wikipedia.org)
- HRV is reported to be an index of the influence of both the parasympathetic nervous system and the sympathetic nervous systems. (wikipedia.org)
- The parasympathetic nervous system works to decrease heart rate, while the SNS works to increase heart rate, and this is important because it applies to the different psychological states mentioned above. (wikipedia.org)
- The ANS, responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions, has two primary branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). (medicalchannelasia.com)
Digestive System3
- One of these changes is the redirection of blood flow away from the digestive system and towards the muscles, which triggers the feeling of butterflies in the stomach. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- The sensation of butterflies in the stomach is just one example of how our emotional state can affect our digestive system. (medicalchannelasia.com)
- IBS is a digestive system disorder that can inconvenience those with it. (medicalchannelasia.com)
Neurological3
- Identify literature reporting on adverse pregnancy outcomes (prematurity-related outcomes, congenital malformations), neurological effects, cancer, and other health outcomes (e.g., reproductive system effects) related to prenatal exposure to progestogens reported in epidemiological, experimental animal, and in vitro model systems studies. (nih.gov)
- To understand neurological space, Dr. Leary assumes that the nervous system consists of eight potential circuits, or "gears," or mini-brains. (deoxy.org)
- It involves a cascade of neurological and physiological events that restrict muscular activity around the injured area. (fourleg.com)
Diseases2
- Nervous System Diseases. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
- Central Nervous System Diseases -- diagnosis -- Electronic Books. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
Cardiovascular4
- Cardiovascular System -- innervation. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
- Numerous studies have shown that exposure to various gases and airborne particles can alter the functional outcome of these reflexes, particularly with respect to the cardiovascular system. (nih.gov)
- FIGURE 1 - (a) Physiological signals recorded from the cardiovascular system: ECG (top), AP (middle), and respiration (bottom). (embs.org)
- By including a priori physiological information, it is possible to determine a model of the cardiovascular interactions, as shown in Figure 2(a). (embs.org)
Mechanisms2
- Information that pertains to neural, physiological and micro-behavioural mechanisms associated with work-related behaviour and other organisational phenomena. (rsm.nl)
- This reflex is mediated by the nervous system's protective mechanisms to prevent exacerbation of the injury. (fourleg.com)
Organism1
- Without discussing then the value and import of psychical phenomena independent of the physical organism, this conception of the nervous system, plus a parallelistic doctrine, carries with it the conception of a complete statement of all so-called psychical phenomena in terms of overt movements either carried out or inhibited within the system. (brocku.ca)
Functional3
- The craniosacral system is a functional physiological phenomenon characterized by a constant rhythmic movement throughout life. (sanlas.at)
- As the statement of the latter is largely functional and the physiological psychologist assumes a complete parallelism of all psychical phenomena with physical correspondents, there is a strong tendency to give a functional statement to psychical life. (brocku.ca)
- 5. Functional Disturbances of the Phenomena of Memory. (routledge.com)
Biological2
- Biological actions and events that constitute the functions of the NERVOUS SYSTEM. (bvsalud.org)
- Different sensors and transducers, advances in technologies, and the availability of innovative medical equipment and instrumentation all contribute to the ability to make biological measurements at different scales, ranging from systems, to organs, to tissues, to cells, right down to proteins and genes. (embs.org)
Psychology2
Sympathetic nervous systems1
- During the period of non-visual recognition, their sympathetic nervous systems worked strongly and their heart rate increased, R point voltages decreased and LF/HF values which came out from R-R time fluctuation results of ECG data. (qigonginstitute.org)
Anatomy1
- Nervous System -- anatomy & histology. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
Inflammation1
- It is fundamental to study inflammation as a multilevel phenomenon. (mdpi.com)
Organ3
- The first part of this review ended with a discussion of new niches for known viruses as illustrated by viral central nervous system (CNS) disease associated with organ transplant and the syndrome of human herpesvirus 6-associated posttransplant acute limbic encephalitis. (nih.gov)
- Foot connects all organ systems, joints and muscles in the reflex zones. (sanlas.at)
- Biomedical signals and data carry important information about the system or the organ that generated them. (embs.org)
Vagus2
- The vagus nerve activity reflects the physiological modulation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
- Interleukin-1 beta in immune cells of the abdominal vagus nerve: a link between the immune and nervous systems? (colorado.edu)
Reflex4
- While each of these reflex pathways causes distinct responses, the systems are heavily integrated and communicate through overlapping regions of the brainstem to cause global effects. (nih.gov)
- Cushing's triad is the manifestation of Cushing reflex (also referred to as the Cushing effect, the Cushing reaction, the Cushing's phenomenon, or Cushing's Law) - physiological nervous system response to increased intracranial pressure. (healthkura.com)
- The most typical response to humor is laughter, which is a Physiological reflex. (redlandsfortnightly.org)
- The Encyclopedia Britannica expands the definition by stating, 'Humor is the only form of communication in which a stimulus on a high level of complexity produces a stereotyped, predictable response on the physiological reflex level. (redlandsfortnightly.org)
Cellular1
- During ischemia, inflammatory responses lead to molecular and cellular events in the central nervous system. (hindawi.com)
Reflexes1
- It differs from other physiological reflexes in that it does not have a stimulus that is physical in nature. (redlandsfortnightly.org)
Tissues2
- Our results may shed light on how epithelial tissues function under challenging physiological conditions, e.g. in lung, gut, vasculature and other biomedical contexts. (biorxiv.org)
- Rather than attempting to fix or control any problem, including nerve tension, pressure, stress, pain, fixation or subluxation, or to return a patient to a previous state, an NSA practitioner will seek to promote new properties within the nervous system and spinal tissues. (marytraversedc.com)
Central5
- [ 15 ] Studies have shown that infants who died of SIDS had a higher incidence of subcortical leukomalacia, brainstem gliosis, and other changes in central nervous system, when compared with infants not affected by SIDS. (medscape.com)
- Concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, including alcohol, may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. (nih.gov)
- Spano PF, Govoni S, Trabucchi M. "Studies on the Pharmacological Properties of Dopamine Receptors in Various Areas of the Central Nervous System" Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology . (erowid.org)
- The central governor model has recently been proposed as a general model to explain the phenomenon of fatigue. (bmj.com)
- Injuries often disrupt the communication between muscles and the central nervous system, leading to a breakdown in the firing patterns of motor neurons. (fourleg.com)
Sensory2
- This short review summarizes the function of major pulmonary sensory receptors, baroreceptors, and carotid body chemoreceptors and discusses the impacts of air pollution exposure on these systems. (nih.gov)
- An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. (wakehealth.edu)
Sensation1
- As the body responds to stress or excitement, physiological changes occur, resulting in the familiar fluttering sensation. (medicalchannelasia.com)
Emotional3
- HRV has provided a window to the physiological components associated with emotional regulation. (wikipedia.org)
- Network care is delivered to enhance improvement in the patient's passive, active, neural, and emotional sub-systems, advancing their spinal and neural integrity. (marytraversedc.com)
- Brainspotting is accordingly a physiological tool/treatment, which has profound psychological, emotional, and physical consequences. (tabularasapsychology.com)
Spine2
- Each Level of Care appears to be accompanied by an increase in self- awareness and self-responsibility by the patient for his spine, and nervous system, in relationship to his healing and life. (marytraversedc.com)
- These waves are believed to dissipate tension and reorganize the functioning of the spine and nervous system. (marytraversedc.com)
Inflammatory1
- This aspect highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the inflammatory phenomenon. (mdpi.com)
Respiration1
- Figure 1 clearly shows that the beat-to-beat series extracted from AP and respiration have -common rhythms with heart rate (HR), -suggesting the presence of complex physiological interactions. (embs.org)
Experiments1
- Recent experiments in Drosophila suggest that enhancer detection is a powerful method to identify genes that are expressed in the nervous system. (ox.ac.uk)
Clinical1
- This rich production of research, including human and animal studies and physiological and clinical research, has led Italian bioengineering to assume a leading position. (embs.org)
Effects3
- It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight. (lookformedical.com)
- The Pharmacologic Actions tree was also expanded to include 48 new headings and a new major category Metabolic Side Effects of Drugs and Substances' was created to accommodate a broad variety of side effects that drugs have on the cytochrome P-450 system. (bvsalud.org)
- These findings have led to the suggestion that in these areas the dopamine-stimulated adenylate cyelase and the dopamine receptor may be related, and that the physiological effects of dopamine could be mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). (erowid.org)
Evolution2
- Our results may also be relevant in the study of early evolution of multicellularity and the nervous-muscular systems. (biorxiv.org)
- 2. Evolution of the Process of Sensibility through the Mechanism of the Nervous System - Unconcious Sensibility - Conscious Sensibility. (routledge.com)
Muscles2
- These paths connect sense-organs, contractile muscles and secretive glands with the nerve centers which are the store-houses of nervous energy. (brocku.ca)
- Specific exercises that focus on re-establishing proper communication between the muscles and the nervous system are essential. (fourleg.com)
