The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the NASAL SEPTUM. Nasal cavities, extending from the nares to the NASOPHARYNX, are lined with ciliated NASAL MUCOSA.
Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.
The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.
The partition separating the two NASAL CAVITIES in the midplane. It is formed by the SEPTAL NASAL CARTILAGE, parts of skull bones (ETHMOID BONE; VOMER), and membranous parts.
Diagnostic measurement of the nose and its cavity through acoustic reflections. Used to measure nasal anatomical landmarks, nasal septal deviation, and nasal airway changes in response to allergen provocation tests (NASAL PROVOCATION TESTS).
Disorders of the nose, general or unspecified.
The scroll-like bony plates with curved margins on the lateral wall of the NASAL CAVITY. Turbinates, also called nasal concha, increase the surface area of nasal cavity thus providing a mechanism for rapid warming and humidification of air as it passes to the lung.
Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Air-filled spaces located within the bones around the NASAL CAVITY. They are extensions of the nasal cavity and lined by the ciliated NASAL MUCOSA. Each sinus is named for the cranial bone in which it is located, such as the ETHMOID SINUS; the FRONTAL SINUS; the MAXILLARY SINUS; and the SPHENOID SINUS.
A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.
Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.
That portion of the nasal mucosa containing the sensory nerve endings for SMELL, located at the dome of each NASAL CAVITY. The yellow-brownish olfactory epithelium consists of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS; brush cells; STEM CELLS; and the associated olfactory glands.
Fluid obtained by THERAPEUTIC IRRIGATION or washout of the nasal cavity and NASAL MUCOSA. The resulting fluid is used in cytologic and immunologic assays of the nasal mucosa such as with the NASAL PROVOCATION TEST in the diagnosis of nasal hypersensitivity.
Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.
Drugs designed to treat inflammation of the nasal passages, generally the result of an infection (more often than not the common cold) or an allergy related condition, e.g., hay fever. The inflammation involves swelling of the mucous membrane that lines the nasal passages and results in inordinate mucus production. The primary class of nasal decongestants are vasoconstrictor agents. (From PharmAssist, The Family Guide to Health and Medicine, 1993)
Pharmacologic agents delivered into the nostrils in the form of a mist or spray.
The numerous (6-12) small thin-walled spaces or air cells in the ETHMOID BONE located between the eyes. These air cells form an ethmoidal labyrinth.
Bleeding from the nose.
A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH, Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)
The air space located in the body of the MAXILLARY BONE near each cheek. Each maxillary sinus communicates with the middle passage (meatus) of the NASAL CAVITY on the same side.
A disorder of the skin, the oral mucosa, and the gingiva, that usually presents as a solitary polypoid capillary hemangioma often resulting from trauma. It is manifested as an inflammatory response with similar characteristics to those of a granuloma.
Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.
A chronic inflammation in which the NASAL MUCOSA gradually changes from a functional to a non-functional lining without mucociliary clearance. It is often accompanied by degradation of the bony TURBINATES, and the foul-smelling mucus which forms a greenish crust (ozena).
A light and spongy (pneumatized) bone that lies between the orbital part of FRONTAL BONE and the anterior of SPHENOID BONE. Ethmoid bone separates the ORBIT from the ETHMOID SINUS. It consists of a horizontal plate, a perpendicular plate, and two lateral labyrinths.
Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses, cysts, or tumors.
The 1st cranial nerve. The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell. It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB.
Either one of the two small elongated rectangular bones that together form the bridge of the nose.
Technique for measuring air pressure and the rate of airflow in the nasal cavity during respiration.
Procedures of applying ENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopy involves passing an optical instrument through a small incision in the skin i.e., percutaneous; or through a natural orifice and along natural body pathways such as the digestive tract; and/or through an incision in the wall of a tubular structure or organ, i.e. transluminal, to examine or perform surgery on the interior parts of the body.
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. Models may be used in place of intact animals or organisms for teaching, practice, and study.
The space enclosed by the peritoneum. It is divided into two portions, the greater sac and the lesser sac or omental bursa, which lies behind the STOMACH. The two sacs are connected by the foramen of Winslow, or epiploic foramen.
Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA.
The oval-shaped oral cavity located at the apex of the digestive tract and consisting of two parts: the vestibule and the oral cavity proper.
A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and the skin.
A mucosal tumor of the urinary bladder or nasal cavity in which proliferating epithelium is invaginated beneath the surface and is more smoothly rounded than in other papillomas. (Stedman, 25th ed)
A class of compounds that contain a -NH2 and a -NO radical. Many members of this group have carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.
An accessory chemoreceptor organ that is separated from the main OLFACTORY MUCOSA. It is situated at the base of nasal septum close to the VOMER and NASAL BONES. It forwards chemical signals (such as PHEROMONES) to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, thus influencing reproductive and social behavior. In humans, most of its structures except the vomeronasal duct undergo regression after birth.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
The study of the similarities and differences in the structures of homologous tissues across various species.
A benign tumor consisting of vascular and smooth muscle elements.
A species of BORDETELLA that is parasitic and pathogenic. It is found in the respiratory tract of domestic and wild mammalian animals and can be transmitted from animals to man. It is a common cause of bronchopneumonia in lower animals.
Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.
A benign neoplasm of fibrous tissue in which there are numerous small and large, frequently dilated, vascular channels. (Stedman, 25th ed)
The ability to detect scents or odors, such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS.
Plugs or cylinders made of cotton, sponge, or other absorbent material. They are used in surgery to absorb fluids such as blood or drainage.
Infections with bacteria of the genus BORDETELLA.
The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about.
Abnormalities of the nose acquired after birth from injury or disease.
Hyaline cartilages in the nose. There are five major nasal cartilages including two lateral, two alar, and one septal.
The comparative study of animal structure with regard to homologous organs or parts. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose DENDRITES the olfactory nerve synapses, forming the olfactory glomeruli. The accessory olfactory bulb, which receives the projection from the VOMERONASAL ORGAN via the vomeronasal nerve, is also included here.
Removal of minerals from bones during bone examination.
Surgery performed on the ear and its parts, the nose and nasal cavity, or the throat, including surgery of the adenoids, tonsils, pharynx, and trachea.
The top portion of the pharynx situated posterior to the nose and superior to the SOFT PALATE. The nasopharynx is the posterior extension of the nasal cavities and has a respiratory function.
A tumor composed of spindle cells with a rich vascular network, which apparently arises from pericytes, cells of smooth muscle origin that lie around small vessels. Benign and malignant hemangiopericytomas exist, and the rarity of these lesions has led to considerable confusion in distinguishing between benign and malignant variants. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1364)
A ubiquitous, cytoplasmic protein found in mature OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS of all VERTEBRATES. It is a modulator of the olfactory SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY.
Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow.
One of the paired, but seldom symmetrical, air spaces located between the inner and outer compact layers of the FRONTAL BONE in the forehead.
An orthodontic method used for correcting narrow or collapsed maxillary arches and functional cross-bite. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry),
Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.
The motion of air currents.
The invasion of living tissues of man and other mammals by dipterous larvae.
Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. It may result in various olfactory dysfunction including a complete loss of smell.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally found in the flora of the mouth and respiratory tract of animals and birds. It causes shipping fever (see PASTEURELLOSIS, PNEUMONIC); HEMORRHAGIC BACTEREMIA; and intestinal disease in animals. In humans, disease usually arises from a wound infection following a bite or scratch from domesticated animals.
An operation in which carious material is removed from teeth and biomechanically correct forms are established in the teeth to receive and retain restorations. A constant requirement is provision for prevention of failure of the restoration through recurrence of decay or inadequate resistance to applied stresses. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p239-40)
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing pneumonia in newborn rats but a clinically inapparent infection in adults. It is separate but antigenically related to MURINE HEPATITIS VIRUS.
The methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It polymerizes easily to form POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE. It is used as a bone cement.
Surgical fistulization of the LACRIMAL SAC for external drainage of an obstructed nasolacrimal duct.
The volatile portions of substances perceptible by the sense of smell. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Neurons in the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM with proteins (RECEPTORS, ODORANT) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. These neurons send their DENDRITES to the surface of the epithelium with the odorant receptors residing in the apical non-motile cilia. Their unmyelinated AXONS synapse in the OLFACTORY BULB of the BRAIN.
Paired but separate cavity within the THORACIC CAVITY. It consists of the space between the parietal and visceral PLEURA and normally contains a capillary layer of serous fluid that lubricates the pleural surfaces.
The oldest recognized genus of the family PASTEURELLACEAE. It consists of several species. Its organisms occur most frequently as coccobacillus or rod-shaped and are gram-negative, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Species of this genus are found in both animals and humans.
The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.
Surgical operations on the nose and nasal cavity.
Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. It includes the OLFACTORY NERVE; OLFACTORY BULB; OLFACTORY TRACT; OLFACTORY TUBERCLE; ANTERIOR PERFORATED SUBSTANCE; and OLFACTORY CORTEX.
Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.
A branch of the external carotid artery which distributes to the deep structures of the face (internal maxillary) and to the side of the face and nose (external maxillary).
Irrigation of the nose with saline or irrigation solutions for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It is used to remove irritants, allergens, or microorganisms from the nose.
Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).
The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.
A product of hard secondary xylem composed of CELLULOSE, hemicellulose, and LIGNANS, that is under the bark of trees and shrubs. It is used in construction and as a source of CHARCOAL and many other products.
Application of allergens to the nasal mucosa. Interpretation includes observation of nasal symptoms, rhinoscopy, and rhinomanometry. Nasal provocation tests are used in the diagnosis of nasal hypersensitivity, including RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.
A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)
A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in the affected area.
An extranodal neoplasm, usually possessing an NK-cell phenotype and associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS. These lymphomas exhibit a broad morphologic spectrum, frequent necrosis, angioinvasion, and most commonly present in the midfacial region, but also in other extranodal sites.
The act of BREATHING in.
One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.
Interference with the secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands. Obstruction of the LACRIMAL SAC or NASOLACRIMAL DUCT causing acute or chronic inflammation of the lacrimal sac (DACRYOCYSTITIS). It is caused also in infants by failure of the nasolacrimal duct to open into the inferior meatus and occurs about the third week of life. In adults occlusion may occur spontaneously or after injury or nasal disease. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p250)
Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.
Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.
The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.
Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.
The inferior region of the skull consisting of an internal (cerebral), and an external (basilar) surface.
Drugs that act locally on cutaneous or mucosal surfaces to produce inflammation; those that cause redness due to hyperemia are rubefacients; those that raise blisters are vesicants and those that penetrate sebaceous glands and cause abscesses are pustulants; tear gases and mustard gases are also irritants.
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.
An infraclass of MAMMALS, also called Metatheria, where the young are born at an early stage of development and continue to develop in a pouch (marsupium). In contrast to Eutheria (placentals), marsupials have an incomplete PLACENTA.
A benign, slow-growing tumor, most commonly of the salivary gland, occurring as a small, painless, firm nodule, usually of the parotid gland, but also found in any major or accessory salivary gland anywhere in the oral cavity. It is most often seen in women in the fifth decade. Histologically, the tumor presents a variety of cells: cuboidal, columnar, and squamous cells, showing all forms of epithelial growth. (Dorland, 27th ed)
A plastic surgical operation on the nose, either reconstructive, restorative, or cosmetic. (Dorland, 28th ed)
The 5th and largest cranial nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve. The larger sensory part forms the ophthalmic, mandibular, and maxillary nerves which carry afferents sensitive to external or internal stimuli from the skin, muscles, and joints of the face and mouth and from the teeth. Most of these fibers originate from cells of the TRIGEMINAL GANGLION and project to the TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS of the brain stem. The smaller motor part arises from the brain stem trigeminal motor nucleus and innervates the muscles of mastication.
A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717)
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.
Glands of external secretion that release its secretions to the body's cavities, organs, or surface, through a duct.
A condition characterized by the formation of CALCULI and concretions in the hollow organs or ducts of the body. They occur most often in the gallbladder, kidney, and lower urinary tract.
The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi.

The posterior nasal nerve plays an important role on cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin, distilled water and l-menthol in anesthetized dogs. (1/983)

The sensory innervation of the cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin (CAPS), distilled water (DW) and l-menthol (LM) was studied in anesthetized dogs breathing through tracheostomy. A marked cardiopulmonary reflex was observed by CAPS and DW into the nasal cavity, while a prolongation of expiration was induced by LM. All these reflexes were significantly decreased by bilateral section of the posterior nasal nerve (PNN) and completely abolished by topical nasal anesthesia with lidocaine. Responses of the whole nerve activity of the PNN to these substances corresponded to the magnitude of the reflexes. These results indicate that PNN afferents play an important role on the reflex elicitation of the noxious, water and cold stimuli from the nasal cavity.  (+info)

Nasal nitric oxide concentration in paranasal sinus inflammatory diseases. (2/983)

In normal upper airways, nitric oxide is generated by the paranasal sinus epithelium and then diffuses into the nasal cavities. This study examined whether or not nasal NO concentration is affected by paranasal sinus inflammatory diseases. The influence of obstruction (nasal polyposis) and/or inflammation (allergy or chronic sinusitis) of the paranasal sinuses on nasal NO concentration was evaluated in nasal allergic (n=7 patients) or nonallergic (n=20) polyposis, nonallergic chronic sinusitis (n=10) and Kartagener's syndrome (n=6) and compared with control subjects (n=42). A score of alteration of the paranasal sinus (number of altered and occluded sinuses) was determined by a computed tomography scan. The nasal NO concentration in nasal nonallergic polyposis (150+/-20 parts per billion (ppb)) was significantly decreased compared with both controls (223+/-6 ppb, p=0.01) and polyposis with allergy (272+/-28 ppb, p<0.0001). In each group, the nasal NO concentration was inversely correlated with the extent of tomodensitometric alteration of the paranasal sinuses. In Kartagener's syndrome, the nasal NO concentration (14+/-2 ppb) was drastically decreased compared with all other groups, despite the presence of open paranasal sinuses. Thus, the nasal NO concentration in patients with nasal polyposis appeared to be dependent on both the allergic status and the degree of obstruction of the paranasal sinuses.  (+info)

Salivary contribution to exhaled nitric oxide. (3/983)

Dietary and metabolic nitrate is distributed from the blood to the saliva by active uptake in the salivary glands, and is reduced to nitrite in the oral cavity by the action of certain bacteria. Since it has been reported that nitric oxide may be formed nonenzymatically from nitrite this study aimed to determine whether salivary nitrite could influence measurements of exhaled NO. Ten healthy subjects fasted overnight and ingested 400 mg potassium nitrate, equivalent to approximately 200 g spinach. Exhaled NO and nasal NO were regularly measured with a chemiluminescence technique up to 3 h after the ingestion. Measurements of exhaled NO were performed with a single-breath procedure, standardized to a 20-s exhalation, at a flow of 0.15 L x s(-1), and oral pressure of 8-10 cmH2O. Values of NO were registered as NO release rate (pmol x s(-1)) during the plateau of exhalation. Exhaled NO increased steadily over time after nitrate load and a maximum was seen at 120 min (77.0+/-15.2 versus 31.2+/-3.0 pmol x s(-1), p<0.01), whereas no increase was detected in nasal NO levels. Salivary nitrite concentrations increased in parallel; at 120 min there was a four-fold increase compared with baseline (1.56+/-0.44 versus 0.37+/-0.09 mM, p<0.05). The nitrite-reducing conditions in the oral cavity were also manipulated by the use of different mouthwash procedures. The antibacterial agent chlorhexidine acetate (0.2%) decreased NO release by almost 50% (p<0.01) 90 min after nitrate loading and reduced the preload control levels by close to 30% (p<0.05). Sodium bicarbonate (10%) also reduced exhaled NO levels, but to a somewhat lesser extent than chlorhexidine acetate. In conclusion, salivary nitric oxide formation contributes to nitric oxide in exhaled air and a large intake of nitrate-rich foods before the investigation might be misinterpreted as an elevated inflammatory activity in the airways. This potential source of error and the means for avoiding it should be considered in the development of a future standardized method for measurements of exhaled nitric oxide.  (+info)

Protection against influenza virus infection of mice fed Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064. (4/983)

Mice fed Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064 and immunized orally with influenza virus were more strongly protected against influenza virus infection of the lower respiratory tract than ones immunized with influenza virus only. The number of mice with enhanced anti-influenza virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum upon oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 and oral immunization with influenza virus was significantly greater than that upon oral immunization with influenza virus only. These findings demonstrated that the oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 increased anti-influenza virus IgG antibodies in serum and protected against influenza virus infection. The oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 may enhance antigen-specific IgG against various pathogenic antigens taken orally and induce protection against various virus infections.  (+info)

Capsaicin-sensitive C-fiber-mediated protective responses in ozone inhalation in rats. (5/983)

To assess the role of lung sensory C fibers during and after inhalation of 1 part/million ozone for 8 h, we compared breathing pattern responses and epithelial injury-inflammation-repair in rats depleted of C fibers by systemic administration of capsaicin as neonates and in vehicle-treated control animals. Capsaicin-treated rats did not develop ozone-induced rapid, shallow breathing. Capsaicin-treated rats showed more severe necrosis in the nasal cavity and greater inflammation throughout the respiratory tract than did control rats exposed to ozone. Incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (a marker of DNA synthesis associated with proliferation) into terminal bronchiolar epithelial cells was not significantly affected by capsaicin treatment in rats exposed to ozone. However, when normalized to the degree of epithelial necrosis present in each rat studied, there was less 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling in the terminal bronchioles of capsaicin-treated rats. These observations suggest that the ozone-induced release of neuropeptides does not measurably contribute to airway inflammation but may play a role in modulating basal and reparative airway epithelial cell proliferation.  (+info)

LMR spectroscopy: a new sensitive method for on-line recording of nitric oxide in breath. (6/983)

Laser magnetic resonance spectroscopy (LMRS) is a sensitive and isotope-selective technique for determining low concentrations of gaseous free radicals with high time resolution. We used this technique to analyze the nitric oxide (NO) concentration profile while simultaneously measuring the flow and expired volume during several single breathing cycles. Eight healthy, nonallergic volunteers were investigated. An initial NO peak was found in all breathing cycles before the NO concentration dropped to a relatively stable plateau in the late phase of expiration. The nasal NO peak was significantly higher than the oral NO peak. The nasal NO plateau was always higher than the oral NO plateau. The height of the initial nasal and oral NO peak rose with increasing duration of breath hold, whereas the late expiratory NO plateau changed only little for either the nasal or the oral breathing cycles. Our findings demonstrate, in line with other reports using other techniques, that the nose is the primary source for NO within the airways.  (+info)

Anatomical structure and surface epithelial distribution in the nasal cavity of the common cotton-eared marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). (7/983)

To validate use of the common cotton-eared marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) in inhalation toxicity studies, its nasal morphology was examined. The nasal turbinates each consisted of one maxilloturbinate and one ethmoturbinate: these were more planar in structure than the comparable structures of rodents or dogs. The nasal cavity epithelia comprised squamous epithelium (SE), nasal transitional epithelium (NTE), respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory epithelium (OE), listed in order of occurrence from anterior to posterior positions. NTE was distributed as a narrow band lying between SE and RE. OE was limited to the dorsal part of the cavity, which was structurally similar to that of the macaque or man. Overall, this study revealed structural the similarity of the whole nasal cavity in the marmoset to that of macaques or humans. Prediction of nasal cavity changes in man based on extrapolation from experimentally induced changes in the common marmoset therefore seems likely to be feasible, making it a useful animal model for inhalation studies.  (+info)

Evidence for nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococci colonizing intravascular devices. (8/983)

Nasal surveillance cultures were performed for 54 patients exhibiting >/=10(3) CFU of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci per ml in central venous catheter (CVC) rinse cultures over a 6-month period. Forty-two of the nasal cultures yielded growth of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 33 of the 42 cultures contained organisms that belonged to the same species as the CVC isolates. Of the 33 same-species isolates, 20 appeared to be identical strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. These data suggest that measures should be taken to reduce cross-contamination between the respiratory tract and intravascular devices. However, the potential interest in detecting methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus carriage in high-risk patients is hampered by the lack of sensitivity of nasal surveillance cultures.  (+info)

Nose neoplasms refer to any type of abnormal growth or tumor that develops in the nose or nasal passages. These tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and they can affect people of all ages.

Types of Nose Neoplasms[2]

There are several types of nose neoplasms, including:

1. Nasal polyps: These are benign growths that can occur in the nasal passages and are usually associated with allergies or chronic sinus infections.
2. Nasal carcinoma: This is a type of cancer that affects the nasal passages and can be either benign or malignant.
3. Esthesioneuroblastoma: This is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the nasal passages and is usually found in children.
4. Adenocarcinoma: This is a type of cancer that affects the glandular tissue in the nose and can be either benign or malignant.
5. Squamous cell carcinoma: This is a type of cancer that affects the squamous cells in the skin and mucous membranes of the nose.

Symptoms of Nose Neoplasms[3]

The symptoms of nose neoplasms can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. Some common symptoms include:

1. Nasal congestion or blockage
2. Nasal discharge or bleeding
3. Loss of sense of smell or taste
4. Headaches
5. Sinus infections or other respiratory problems
6. Swelling or lumps in the nose or face
7. Difficulty breathing through the nose

Diagnosis and Treatment of Nose Neoplasms[4]

The diagnosis of nose neoplasms typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests (such as CT scans or MRI), and biopsies. Treatment depends on the type and location of the tumor, and may involve surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. Some common treatment options include:

1. Surgical excision: This involves removing the tumor and any affected tissue through a surgical procedure.
2. Radiation therapy: This involves using high-energy beams to kill cancer cells.
3. Chemotherapy: This involves using drugs to kill cancer cells.
4. Laser therapy: This involves using a laser to remove or destroy the tumor.
5. Cryotherapy: This involves using extreme cold to destroy the tumor.

Prognosis and Follow-Up Care[5]

The prognosis for nose neoplasms depends on the type and location of the tumor, as well as the stage of the cancer. In general, early detection and treatment improve the chances of a successful outcome. Follow-up care is important to monitor the patient's condition and detect any recurrences or complications. Some common follow-up procedures include:

1. Regular check-ups with an otolaryngologist (ENT specialist)
2. Imaging tests (such as CT scans or MRI) to monitor the tumor and detect any recurrences
3. Biopsies to evaluate any changes in the tumor
4. Treatment of any complications that may arise, such as bleeding or infection.

Lifestyle Changes and Home Remedies[6]

There are several lifestyle changes and home remedies that can help improve the symptoms and quality of life for patients with nose neoplasms. These include:

1. Maintaining good hygiene, such as regularly washing the hands and avoiding close contact with others.
2. Avoiding smoking and other tobacco products, which can exacerbate the symptoms of nose cancer.
3. Using saline nasal sprays or drops to keep the nasal passages moist and reduce congestion.
4. Applying warm compresses to the affected area to help reduce swelling and ease pain.
5. Using over-the-counter pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to manage symptoms.
6. Avoiding blowing the nose, which can dislodge the tumor and cause bleeding.
7. Avoiding exposure to pollutants and allergens that can irritate the nasal passages.
8. Using a humidifier to add moisture to the air and relieve dryness and congestion in the nasal passages.
9. Practicing good sleep hygiene, such as avoiding caffeine and electronic screens before bedtime and creating a relaxing sleep environment.
10. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing exercises.

Nose neoplasms can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life, but with proper diagnosis and treatment, many patients can experience improved symptoms and outcomes. It is important for patients to work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses their specific needs and goals. Additionally, lifestyle changes and home remedies can help improve symptoms and quality of life for patients with nose neoplasms.

Some common examples of nose diseases include:

1. Nasal congestion: This is a condition where the nasal passages become blocked or constricted, leading to difficulty breathing through the nose. It can be caused by a variety of factors, such as allergies, colds, or sinus infections.
2. Sinusitis: This is an inflammation of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities within the skull. Sinusitis can cause headaches, facial pain, and difficulty breathing through the nose.
3. Nasal polyps: These are growths that occur in the nasal passages and can block the flow of air through the nose. They can be caused by allergies or other conditions.
4. Rhinitis: This is an inflammation of the nasal passages, which can cause symptoms such as congestion, runny nose, and sneezing. There are several different types of rhinitis, including allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis.
5. Nasal tumors: These are abnormal growths that occur in the nasal passages and can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, bleeding, and facial pain. They can be benign or malignant.
6. Deviated septum: This is a condition where the thin wall of cartilage and bone that separates the two sides of the nasal passages is displaced, causing difficulty breathing through the nose.
7. Nasal dryness: This can be caused by a variety of factors, such as dry air, allergies, or certain medications. It can lead to symptoms such as nasal congestion and difficulty breathing through the nose.
8. Nasal fractures: These are breaks in the bones of the nose, which can be caused by trauma such as a blow to the face. They can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and difficulty breathing through the nose.
9. Sinusitis: This is an inflammation of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull. It can cause symptoms such as facial pain, headaches, and congestion.
10. Nasal polyps: These are growths that occur in the nasal passages and can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of sense of smell, and facial pain. They can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergies and chronic sinusitis.

These are just a few examples of the many different conditions that can affect the nose. If you are experiencing symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of sense of smell, or facial pain, it is important to see a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Paranasal sinus neoplasms refer to tumors or abnormal growths that occur within the paranasal sinuses, which are air-filled cavities within the skull that drain into the nasal passages. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant and can affect various structures in the head and neck, including the sinuses, nasal passages, eyes, and brain.

Types of Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms:

There are several types of paranasal sinus neoplasms, including:

1. Nasal cavity squamous cell carcinoma: This is the most common type of paranasal sinus cancer and arises from the lining of the nasal cavity.
2. Maxillary sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma: This type of tumor is slow-growing and usually affects the maxillary sinus.
3. Esthesioneuroepithelioma: This rare type of tumor arises from the lining of the nasal cavity and is more common in women than men.
4. Sphenoid sinus mucocele: This type of tumor is usually benign and occurs in the sphenoid sinus.
5. Osteochondroma: This is a rare type of benign tumor that arises from the bone and cartilage of the paranasal sinuses.

Symptoms of Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms:

The symptoms of paranasal sinus neoplasms can vary depending on the size, location, and type of tumor. Common symptoms include:

1. Nasal congestion or blockage
2. Headaches
3. Pain or pressure in the face, especially in the cheeks, eyes, or forehead
4. Double vision or other vision problems
5. Numbness or weakness in the face
6. Discharge of fluid from the nose or eyes
7. Swelling of the eyelids or face
8. Coughing up blood

Diagnosis of Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms:

The diagnosis of paranasal sinus neoplasms is based on a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, and biopsy. The following tests may be used to help diagnose a paranasal sinus tumor:

1. Computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): These imaging tests can provide detailed pictures of the paranasal sinuses and any tumors that may be present.
2. Endoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera on the end can be inserted through the nostrils to examine the inside of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
3. Biopsy: A sample of tissue from the suspected tumor site can be removed and examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis.
4. Nasal endoscopy: A flexible tube with a camera on the end can be inserted through the nostrils to examine the inside of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Treatment of Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms:

The treatment of paranasal sinus neoplasms depends on the type, location, size, and aggressiveness of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. The following are some of the treatment options for paranasal sinus neoplasms:

1. Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor is often the first line of treatment for paranasal sinus neoplasms. The type of surgery used depends on the location and extent of the tumor.
2. Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used alone or in combination with surgery to treat paranasal sinus neoplasms that are difficult to remove with surgery or have spread to other parts of the skull base.
3. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy may be used in combination with radiation therapy to treat paranasal sinus neoplasms that are aggressive and have spread to other parts of the body.
4. Endoscopic surgery: This is a minimally invasive procedure that uses an endoscope (a thin, lighted tube with a camera on the end) to remove the tumor through the nostrils or mouth.
5. Skull base surgery: This is a more invasive procedure that involves removing the tumor and any affected bone or tissue in the skull base.
6. Reconstruction: After removal of the tumor, reconstructive surgery may be necessary to restore the natural anatomy of the skull base and nasal cavity.
7. Observation: In some cases, small, benign tumors may not require immediate treatment and can be monitored with regular imaging studies to see if they grow or change over time.

It is important to note that the most appropriate treatment plan for a patient with a paranasal sinus neoplasm will depend on the specific characteristics of the tumor and the individual patient's needs and medical history. Patients should work closely with their healthcare team to determine the best course of treatment for their specific condition.

Nasal polyps are typically treated with medications such as nasal sprays or oral steroids, which can help reduce inflammation and shrink the size of the polyps. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the polyps or repair any structural damage they have caused.

Here are some key points to note about nasal polyps:

1. They are usually benign: Nasal polyps are not cancerous, and they do not spread to other parts of the body.
2. They can be caused by allergies: Allergic reactions can lead to inflammation in the nasal passages, which can cause polyps to grow.
3. They can be treated with medications: Nasal sprays and oral steroids are commonly used to treat nasal polyps.
4. They can obstruct breathing: Large polyps can block the flow of air through the nasal passages, leading to breathing difficulties.
5. They can cause loss of sense of smell: Polyps can damage the olfactory nerve, which is responsible for our sense of smell.
6. They can be associated with other conditions: Nasal polyps can be a symptom of other conditions such as cystic fibrosis or primary immunodeficiency disorders.

* Nasal polyps: Growths in the nasal passages that can block airflow.
* Deviated septum: A crooked partition between the two sides of the nasal passages that can narrow or block one side.
* Enlarged adenoids or turbinate bones: These structures can grow and obstruct the airway.
* Trauma to the nose: A broken nose or other injury can cause obstruction of the nasal passages.
* Infections such as rhinitis, sinusitis, or allergies: Swelling and congestion in the nasal passages can cause obstruction.
* Nasal tumors: Growths in the nasal passages that can block airflow.
* Anatomical abnormalities: Some people may be born with abnormalities such as a narrow nasal passage or a deviated septum, which can cause nasal obstruction.

Symptoms of Nasal Obstruction include:

* Difficulty breathing through the nose
* Congestion or stuffiness in the nose
* Noise or snoring while breathing
* Sleep disturbances due to difficulty breathing
* Headaches or facial pain due to straining to breathe
* Postnasal drip (a sensation of mucus running down the back of the throat)
* Coughing or sneezing

Treatment for Nasal Obstruction depends on the underlying cause and can include:

* Medications such as nasal decongestants, antihistamines, and steroids to reduce swelling and congestion.
* Nasal strips or dilators to open up the nasal passages.
* Saline nasal irrigation to flush out mucus and debris.
* Surgery to remove nasal polyps, correct a deviated septum, or other structural abnormalities.
* Allergy treatment to reduce inflammation and congestion.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent or severe symptoms of nasal obstruction as it can lead to complications such as sinus infections, sleep disorders, and other health problems. A healthcare professional can diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment options.

Definition: A nosebleed, also known as a bloody nose, is a common condition that occurs when the nasal passages bleed. It can be caused by a variety of factors, such as dry air, allergies, colds, sinus infections, and injuries to the nose.

Synonyms: Nosebleed, bloody nose, anterior epistaxis, posterior epistaxis.

Antonyms: None.

Epistaxis is a common condition that can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Dry air: Dry air can cause the nasal passages to become dry and cracked, leading to bleeding.
2. Allergies: Seasonal allergies or allergies to dust, pollen, or other substances can cause inflammation and irritation in the nasal passages, leading to bleeding.
3. Colds: A common cold can cause inflammation and congestion in the nasal passages, leading to bleeding.
4. Sinus infections: An infection in the sinuses can cause inflammation and bleeding in the nasal passages.
5. Injuries: Trauma to the nose, such as a blow to the face or a fall, can cause bleeding.
6. Medications: Certain medications, such as aspirin or warfarin, can thin the blood and increase the risk of bleeding.
7. High blood pressure: High blood pressure can cause damage to the blood vessels in the nose, leading to bleeding.
8. Nose picking: Picking or blowing the nose too forcefully can cause trauma to the nasal passages and lead to bleeding.
9. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT): A rare genetic disorder that affects the blood vessels and can cause recurring nosebleeds.

Symptoms of epistaxis may include:

1. Blood flowing from one or both nostrils
2. Nasal congestion or stuffiness
3. Pain or discomfort in the nose or face
4. Difficulty breathing through the nose
5. Postnasal drip (mucus running down the back of the throat)
6. Swelling around the eyes or face
7. Fever or chills
8. Headache
9. Weakness or fatigue

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention. A healthcare professional can diagnose the cause of the nosebleed and recommend appropriate treatment. Treatment for epistaxis may include:

1. Nasal decongestants or antihistamines to reduce nasal congestion
2. Topical or oral antibiotics to treat any underlying infections
3. Applications of a topical ointment or cream to help protect the nasal passages and promote healing
4. Injectable medications to help constrict blood vessels and stop bleeding
5. Surgery to repair damaged blood vessels or remove any foreign objects that may be causing the bleeding.

The exact cause of OEB is not known, but it is believed to be linked to genetic mutations and exposure to certain environmental factors. The symptoms of OEB can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor, but may include nasal congestion, headaches, seizures, and vision problems.

OEB is diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans and tissue biopsy. Treatment options for OEB typically involve surgery to remove the tumor, followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. The prognosis for OEB is generally poor, as it is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that is difficult to treat effectively.

In summary, Olfactory esthesioneuroblastoma (OEB) is a rare type of cancer that originates in the olfactory bulb and/or the nasal cavity, characterized by symptoms such as nasal congestion, headaches, seizures, and vision problems. It is diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests and tissue biopsy, and treated with surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy.

Benign maxillary sinus tumors may include:

* Papilloma: A benign growth that resembles a finger-like protrusion and is usually slow-growing and non-aggressive.
* Pyogenic granuloma: A type of benign bacterial infection that can cause localized tissue growth and inflammation.
* Osteoid osteoma: A rare, benign tumor that forms in the bone and can cause pain and swelling.

Malignant maxillary sinus tumors are more aggressive and can include:

* Squamous cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that can occur in the maxillary sinus and can be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.
* Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A rare, malignant tumor that can grow slowly over time and can be difficult to treat.
* Esthesioneuroblastoma: A rare, malignant tumor that originates in the nasal cavity and can extend into the maxillary sinus.

The symptoms of maxillary sinus neoplasms can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor, but may include:

* Pain or swelling in the face or neck
* Difficulty breathing through the nose
* Nasal congestion or discharge
* Eye problems such as double vision or protrusion
* Headaches or facial pain

The diagnosis of maxillary sinus neoplasms is typically made using a combination of imaging studies, such as CT scans or MRI, and tissue biopsy. Treatment options can range from observation to surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, depending on the type and stage of the tumor.

There are several types of rhinitis, including:

1. Allergic rhinitis: This type of rhinitis is caused by an allergic reaction to substances such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. Symptoms include sneezing, congestion, runny nose, and itchy eyes.
2. Viral rhinitis: This type of rhinitis is caused by a viral infection and can be accompanied by symptoms such as fever, headache, and fatigue.
3. Bacterial rhinitis: This type of rhinitis is caused by a bacterial infection and can be treated with antibiotics. Symptoms include thick yellow or green discharge from the nose and facial pain.
4. Non-allergic rhinitis: This type of rhinitis is not caused by an allergic reaction and can be triggered by factors such as hormonal changes, medications, or environmental irritants. Symptoms include postnasal drip and nasal congestion.

Rhinitis can be diagnosed through a physical examination of the nose and sinuses, as well as through tests such as a nasal endoscopy or imaging studies. Treatment for rhinitis depends on the underlying cause and may include medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, or antibiotics, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding allergens or using saline nasal sprays. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to correct physical abnormalities in the nose and sinuses.

The term "atrophic" refers to the wasting away or degeneration of tissue, which is a hallmark feature of this condition. The atrophy of the nasal mucosa can lead to a decrease in the production of mucus, which can impair the body's ability to fight off infections and allergens.

Rhinitis, atrophic can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergies, viral infections, and exposure to environmental irritants such as smoke or pollution. The condition is more common in older adults and can be associated with other medical conditions such as asthma, sinusitis, and chronic bronchitis.

There are several risk factors for developing rhinitis, atrophic, including:

1. Allergies: People with allergies are more likely to develop rhinitis, atrophic.
2. Age: The condition is more common in older adults.
3. Family history: A family history of allergies or respiratory conditions can increase the risk of developing rhinitis, atrophic.
4. Exposure to environmental irritants: Smoke, pollution, and other environmental irritants can increase the risk of developing the condition.
5. Previous respiratory infections: People who have had previous respiratory infections, such as the common cold or flu, may be more likely to develop rhinitis, atrophic.

There are several symptoms of rhinitis, atrophic, including:

1. Nasal congestion: The nasal passages can become inflamed and congested, making it difficult to breathe through the nose.
2. Rhinorrhea: Thick, yellowish discharge from the nose is a common symptom of rhinitis, atrophic.
3. Postnasal drip: This can cause a sore throat and coughing.
4. Loss of smell: The inflammation in the nasal passages can damage the olfactory nerve, leading to a loss of sense of smell.
5. Sinus pressure: The condition can lead to sinus pressure and pain.

There are several complications of rhinitis, atrophic, including:

1. Chronic sinusitis: The condition can lead to chronic sinusitis, which can cause pain, facial swelling, and difficulty breathing through the nose.
2. Asthma: Some people with rhinitis, atrophic may develop asthma.
3. Middle ear infections: The infection in the nasal passages can spread to the middle ear, leading to ear infections.
4. Meningitis: In rare cases, the infection can spread to the meninges, leading to meningitis.

There are several treatments for rhinitis, atrophic, including:

1. Nasal decongestants: These medications can help reduce swelling in the nasal passages and relieve congestion.
2. Antihistamines: These medications can help reduce nasal discharge and relieve itching.
3. Corticosteroids: These medications can help reduce inflammation in the nasal passages.
4. Antibiotics: If there is a bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed.
5. Saline nasal sprays: These can help moisturize the nasal passages and thin mucus.
6. Humidifiers: Using a humidifier can help keep the nasal passages moist and relieve congestion.
7. Nasal strips: These can help open up the nasal passages and improve breathing.
8. Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove polyps or correct anatomical abnormalities.

It is important to note that these treatments may not completely cure the condition, but they can help manage the symptoms and prevent complications. It is also important to work with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment for your specific case.

The most common paranasal sinus diseases include:

1. Acute Sinusitis: This is an infection of the paranasal sinuses that can be caused by a virus or bacteria. Symptoms include fever, headache, and facial pain or pressure.
2. Chronic Sinusitis: This is a persistent infection of the paranasal sinuses that can last for more than 12 weeks. Symptoms are similar to acute sinusitis, but may be less severe.
3. Rhinosinusitis: This is an inflammation of the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses that can be caused by infection or allergies. Symptoms include nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, and headache.
4. Nasal Polyps: These are growths that occur in the lining of the nasal passages or paranasal sinuses. They can cause blockage of the nasal passages and sinuses, leading to breathing difficulties and other symptoms.
5. Cerebral Abscess: This is a collection of pus in the brain that can be caused by an infection that spreads from the paranasal sinuses. Symptoms include fever, headache, and neurological problems such as confusion or seizures.
6. Meningitis: This is an infection of the protective membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by bacteria or viruses and can lead to serious complications if left untreated.
7. Osteomyelitis: This is an infection of the bones of the face, which can be caused by spread of infection from the paranasal sinuses. Symptoms include facial pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected area.
8. Orbital Cellulitis: This is an infection of the tissues surrounding the eye that can be caused by spread of infection from the paranasal sinuses. Symptoms include protrusion of the eye, swelling of the eyelid, and difficulty moving the affected eye.
9. Endophthalmitis: This is an infection of the interior of the eye that can be caused by spread of infection from the paranasal sinuses. Symptoms include sudden severe pain, redness, and vision loss.
10. Cranial Nerve Palsy: This is a condition where one or more of the cranial nerves are affected by an infection, leading to symptoms such as double vision, drooping eyelid, or weakness of the facial muscles.

It's important to note that these complications can be serious and potentially life-threatening, so it's important to seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of these symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent or reduce the risk of these complications.

* Nasal congestion and discharge
* Headaches
* Pain and pressure in the face, particularly in the cheeks and forehead
* Fatigue and fever
* Loss of smell or taste

There are several types of sinusitis, including:

* Acute sinusitis: This type of sinusitis is caused by a sudden infection and typically lasts for less than four weeks.
* Chronic sinusitis: This type of sinusitis is caused by a long-term infection or inflammation that persists for more than 12 weeks.
* Recurrent sinusitis: This type of sinusitis occurs when acute sinusitis keeps coming back, often due to repeat infections or allergies.
* Allergic fungal sinusitis: This type of sinusitis is caused by an allergic reaction to fungus that grows in the sinuses.
* Chronic rhinosinusitis: This type of sinusitis is characterized by chronic inflammation and nasal congestion, often due to an allergic response.

Treatment for sinusitis depends on the underlying cause and may include antibiotics, antihistamines, decongestants, nasal saline irrigations, or surgery. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as untreated sinusitis can lead to complications such as meningitis or brain abscess.

Pasteurella infections are more common in people who work closely with animals, such as veterinarians, farm workers, and pet owners. The bacteria can enter the body through open wounds, cuts, or abrasions, and it can cause a variety of illnesses, including:

1. Pasteurellosis: A respiratory infection caused by Pasteurella multocida, which is common in dogs and cats. It can be transmitted to humans through close contact with infected animals.
2. Pneumonia: A type of lung infection that can be caused by Pasteurella multocida, especially in people with weakened immune systems or pre-existing respiratory conditions.
3. Sinusitis: An infection of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull, can be caused by Pasteurella multocida.
4. Cellulitis: A bacterial infection of the skin and underlying tissue that can be caused by Pasteurella multocida.
5. Endocarditis: An infection of the inner lining of the heart, which is rare but can be caused by Pasteurella multocida.

The symptoms of Pasteurella infections can vary depending on the type of infection and the severity of the illness. Common symptoms include fever, cough, difficulty breathing, chills, headache, and fatigue. In severe cases, Pasteurella infections can lead to life-threatening complications such as sepsis or meningitis.

Diagnosis of Pasteurella infections typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests, including blood cultures, chest X-rays, and CT scans. Treatment usually involves antibiotics to eradicate the bacteria, as well as supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Prevention of Pasteurella infections primarily involves avoiding contact with animals that may carry the bacteria, as well as good hygiene practices such as handwashing and covering wounds. In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent infection in high-risk individuals, such as those with weakened immune systems or pre-existing respiratory conditions.

Overall, while Pasteurella infections are rare, they can be serious and potentially life-threatening. It is important to seek medical attention promptly if symptoms persist or worsen over time, especially in high-risk individuals.

The exact cause of rhinoscleroma is not well understood, but it is believed to be associated with chronic infection, allergies, and exposure to environmental irritants such as dust, smoke, and pollution. The condition typically affects adults between the ages of 30-60 years old and may have a slight predilection for males.

Symptoms of rhinoscleroma can include nasal congestion, thick yellow or greenish discharge, postnasal drip, loss of sense of smell, facial pain and pressure, headaches, and coughing. The condition can also lead to complications such as meningitis, sepsis, and bone infections if left untreated.

Rhinoscleroma is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, nasal endoscopy, imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and cultures of nasal secretions. Treatment options for rhinoscleroma include antibiotics, nasal decongestants, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and surgery to remove affected tissue and improve nasal breathing.

It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as rhinoscleroma can have a significant impact on quality of life and may lead to serious complications if left untreated.

Inverted Papillomas are usually small, ranging in size from a few millimeters to about 1 centimeter in diameter. They can be either solitary (singular) or multiple and are most commonly found in the ethmoid sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull located between the eyes and nasal passages.

Symptoms of Inverted Papilloma may include:

* Nasal congestion or blockage
* Nasal discharge (rhinorrhea)
* Postnasal drip
* Loss of sense of smell
* Headaches
* Sinus pressure or pain
* Coughing
* Sneezing

Inverted Papillomas are usually diagnosed through a procedure called nasal endoscopy, which involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera into the nostrils to visualize the inside of the nasal passages and sinuses. A biopsy may also be taken to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for Inverted Papilloma usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, either through traditional open surgery or endoscopic surgery, which is less invasive. In some cases, radiation therapy may be recommended to ensure that all of the tumor cells are removed.

Overall, Inverted Papilloma is a rare but treatable condition that can cause significant symptoms and discomfort. If you experience any of the symptoms listed above or have concerns about your nasal health, it's important to consult with an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist for proper evaluation and treatment.

Angiomyomas can be classified into several types based on their location and the type of blood vessel from which they originate. The most common types are:

1. Capillary angiomyoma: These are the most common type of angiomyoma and occur in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. They are usually small, round or oval-shaped, and may be pink, red, or purple in color.
2. Cavernous angiomyoma: These are larger than capillary angiomyomas and occur in the deeper layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. They may be more tender to the touch and can cause swelling or bruising if they become injured.
3. Venous angiomyoma: These occur in the veins and can cause symptoms such as swelling, pain, and bruising.
4. Lymphatic angiomyoma: These occur in the lymphatic vessels and are rare.

The exact cause of angiomyomas is not known, but they tend to run in families and may be associated with certain genetic conditions, such as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Angiomyomas can also occur spontaneously without any known cause.

Treatment for angiomyomas usually involves monitoring the tumor for changes and only intervening if it becomes symptomatic or if it is causing cosmetic concerns. In some cases, treatment may involve surgery to remove the tumor or laser therapy to shrink the size of the tumor.

Perennial allergic rhinitis can be caused by a variety of allergens, including:

1. Dust mites: These tiny organisms live in bedding, carpets, and upholstered furniture and feed on human skin cells. Their waste products are the primary allergen that triggers an allergic reaction.
2. Mold: This type of fungus grows in damp environments and can be found in basements, bathrooms, and outdoors.
3. Pet dander: The dead skin flakes from animals such as cats, dogs, and birds can trigger an allergic reaction in some people.
4. Insect bites: Some people may experience an allergic reaction to the saliva or venom of certain insects such as bees, wasps, or hornets.
5. Food: Certain foods such as milk, eggs, wheat, and nuts can cause an allergic reaction in some people.

The symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis are similar to those of seasonal allergic rhinitis, but they occur throughout the year rather than just during a specific season. Treatment options for perennial allergic rhinitis include over-the-counter or prescription medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids, as well as immunotherapy, which involves exposing the body to small amounts of the allergen over time to build up tolerance.

Angiofibromas are usually slow-growing and may not cause any symptoms unless they become large enough to compress nearby structures or invade the surrounding tissues. They can be diagnosed by a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and histopathological analysis of a biopsy sample.

Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for angiofibromas, and the prognosis is generally good if the tumor is completely removed. However, recurrences can occur in some cases, and long-term follow-up is necessary to monitor for any signs of regrowth or malignant transformation.

Angiofibroma is a rare condition, and there is limited research available on its causes and pathophysiology. It is thought to be caused by genetic mutations that affect the development and growth of blood vessels and connective tissue in the head and neck region.

Symptoms of Bordetella Infections typically include a severe cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, the infection can lead to pneumonia or other complications that may require hospitalization.

Diagnosis of Bordetella Infections is usually made through laboratory tests, such as a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test or a culture. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, which can help reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. Prevention is key, as there is no specific treatment for Bordetella Infections once they have developed. Vaccination against Bordetella pertussis is recommended for children and adults to protect against infection.

Some common types of acquired nose deformities include:

1. Nasal septal perforation: a hole or tear in the thin wall of cartilage and bone that separates the two sides of the nasal passages. This can be caused by injury, infection, or certain medical conditions.
2. Nasal polyps: growths on the lining of the nose that can block the nasal passages and affect breathing. They are often associated with allergies or asthma.
3. Enlarged turbinate bones: the turbinate bones inside the nose can become enlarged due to allergies, infection, or other factors, leading to blockage of the nasal passages and difficulty breathing.
4. Nasal trauma: injury to the nose, such as a blow to the face or a fall, can cause deformities such as a deviated septum or broken noses.
5. Skin cancer: can occur on the nose and cause deformities if left untreated.
6. Cysts and tumors: benign or malignant growths that can develop in the nose and cause deformities.
7. Nasal fractures: breaks in the bones of the nose, which can cause deformities if not properly treated.
8. Rhinophyma: a condition characterized by enlarged oil glands in the nose, leading to redness, swelling, and deformity. It is often associated with rosacea.
9. Nasal septal pterygium: a growth of tissue on the nasal septum that can cause blockage of the nasal passages and affect breathing.
10. Nasal dermoids: benign growths that occur in the skin and mucous membranes of the nose, which can cause deformities if left untreated.

The tumor typically grows slowly and may not cause any symptoms until it reaches a significant size. When symptoms do occur, they can include pain, swelling, or limited mobility in the affected area.

Hemangiopericytoma is usually diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests such as ultrasound, MRI or CT scans, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of the tumor. Treatment options for hemangiopericytoma include surgery to remove the tumor, embolization (blocking the blood supply to the tumor), or radiation therapy.

While hemangiopericytoma is generally not cancerous, it can have a high recurrence rate and may require ongoing monitoring and treatment to manage any regrowth or complications.

Most nasopharyngeal neoplasms are rare and tend to affect children and young adults more frequently than older adults. The most common types of nasopharyngeal neoplasms include:

1. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): This is the most common type of malignant nasopharyngeal neoplasm and tends to affect young adults in Southeast Asia more frequently than other populations.
2. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: This is a rare, slow-growing tumor that usually affects the nasopharynx and salivary glands.
3. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma: This is a type of cancer that originates in another part of the body (usually the head and neck) and spreads to the nasopharynx.
4. Lymphoma: This is a type of cancer that affects the immune system and can occur in the nasopharynx.
5. Benign tumors: These include benign growths such as papillomas, fibromas, and meningiomas.

Symptoms of nasopharyngeal neoplasms can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor but may include:

* Difficulty swallowing
* Nosebleeds
* Headaches
* Facial pain or numbness
* Trouble breathing through the nose
* Hoarseness or voice changes
* Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck

Diagnosis of nasopharyngeal neoplasms usually involves a combination of imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans, endoscopy (insertion of a flexible tube with a camera into the nose and throat), and biopsy (removal of a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope).

Treatment of nasopharyngeal neoplasms depends on the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor but may include:

* Surgery to remove the tumor
* Radiation therapy to kill cancer cells
* Chemotherapy to kill cancer cells
* Targeted therapy to attack specific molecules on cancer cells

Prognosis for nasopharyngeal neoplasms varies depending on the type and stage of the tumor but in general, early detection and treatment improve the chances of a successful outcome.

Myiasis is usually found in tropical and subtropical regions, where fly populations are more prevalent. The condition is often seen in individuals who engage in activities that expose them to potential fly infestation, such as farming, gardening, or outdoor work.

The symptoms of myiasis can vary depending on the location and severity of the infestation, but may include:

* Pain or discomfort in the affected area
* Redness, swelling, or inflammation around the site of the infestation
* Discharge or pus-like fluid from the affected area
* Fever or chills
* Itching or burning sensations

If left untreated, myiasis can lead to serious complications, such as infection, tissue damage, and even death. Treatment typically involves removing the maggots and cleansing the affected area with antiseptic solutions. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat any underlying infections or other complications.

Preventive measures for myiasis include avoiding activities that expose individuals to potential fly infestation, wearing protective clothing and insect repellents, and keeping wounds or open sores clean and covered. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential to prevent the condition from becoming severe or life-threatening.

Note: The olfactory nerve is located within the skull and extends from the nasal cavity to the brain stem. It is responsible for detecting odors and transmitting this information to the brain for processing. Damage to the olfactory nerve can result in a loss of smell, as well as taste, since the two senses are interconnected.

Synonyms: Olfactory nerve damage, olfactory neuropraxia, anosmia (loss of smell), ageusia (loss of taste).

Causes of Olfactory Nerve Injuries:

1. Trauma to the head or face: A blow to the head or face can cause damage to the olfactory nerve, leading to a loss of smell and taste.
2. Sinus surgery: During sinus surgery, the olfactory nerve may be injured, resulting in a loss of smell and taste.
3. Skull base fractures: A fracture of the skull base can cause damage to the olfactory nerve, leading to a loss of smell and taste.
4. Certain medications: Some medications, such as antidepressants, antihistamines, and decongestants, can cause damage to the olfactory nerve and lead to a loss of smell and taste.
5. Infections: Certain infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis, can damage the olfactory nerve and result in a loss of smell and taste.
6. Stroke or other cerebrovascular accidents: A stroke or other cerebrovascular accident can cause damage to the olfactory nerve and result in a loss of smell and taste.
7. Neurodegenerative diseases: Certain neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, can damage the olfactory nerve and result in a loss of smell and taste.

Symptoms of a loss of smell and taste can vary depending on the underlying cause. Some common symptoms include:

1. Difficulty smelling or recognizing odors
2. Loss of sense of taste
3. Dryness or numbness in the nose and mouth
4. Decreased sense of flavor
5. Difficulty detecting certain tastes, such as sweet, salty, or sour
6. Increased sensitivity to light or sound
7. Nasal congestion or blockage
8. Headaches or facial pain
9. Fatigue or weakness in the face or head
10. Difficulty swallowing or speaking

If you are experiencing a loss of smell and taste, it is important to seek medical attention to determine the underlying cause and receive proper treatment. A healthcare professional can perform a physical examination and order imaging tests, such as a CT scan or MRI, to rule out any underlying structural problems in the head and neck. They may also perform a smell test, known as a olfactory function testing, to assess your sense of smell. Treatment for a loss of smell and taste will depend on the underlying cause, but may include antibiotics for infections, nasal decongestants for nasal congestion, or hormone replacement therapy for hypogonadism.

1. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS): This is a severe respiratory disease caused by the hantavirus, which is found in the urine and saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms of HPS can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing.
2. Leptospirosis: This is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Leptospira, which is found in the urine of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).
3. Rat-bite fever: This is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Streptobacillus moniliformis, which is found in the saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and swollen lymph nodes.
4. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM): This is a viral infection caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), which is found in the urine and saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord).
5. Tularemia: This is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, which is found in the urine and saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and swollen lymph nodes.

These are just a few examples of the many diseases that can be transmitted to humans through contact with rodents. It is important to take precautions when handling or removing rodents, as they can pose a serious health risk. If you suspect that you have been exposed to a rodent-borne disease, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

Papillomas can occur anywhere on the body, but they are most commonly found on the face, neck, and scalp. They may appear as small bumps or growths that look like a wart. In some cases, papillomas may be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Papillomas are typically diagnosed through a physical examination of the affected area. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other potential causes. Treatment for papillomas usually involves removal of the growth through a minor surgical procedure or cryotherapy (freezing).

Papillomas are not cancerous and do not typically pose any long-term health risks. However, they may be unsightly and can cause psychological distress for some people. In these cases, treatment may be sought for cosmetic reasons. It is important to note that papillomas should not be confused with squamous cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer that can resemble a papilloma in appearance but has the potential to be more aggressive and harmful.

Example sentences:

1. The patient was diagnosed with a hamartoma on his skin, which was causing a painful lump on his arm.
2. The doctor recommended removing the hamartoma from the patient's pancreas to alleviate her symptoms of abdominal pain and nausea.
3. After undergoing surgery to remove the hamartoma, the patient experienced significant improvement in their quality of life.

This type of lymphoma typically affects the skin, lung, and other organs outside of the lymphatic system. It can cause a variety of symptoms, such as fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and weight loss.

The diagnosis of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma is based on a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment options may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or bone marrow transplantation, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer.

In summary, extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects the immune system and can cause a range of symptoms. Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are essential for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.

Symptoms of LDO may include:

* Redness and swelling of the eyelid
* Discharge from the eye
* Pain in the eye or eyelid
* Blurred vision
* Eye movements that are abnormal

If left untreated, LDO can lead to complications such as:

* Infection of the lacrimal duct
* Abscess formation
* Inflammation of the eyelid
* Dry eye

Treatment for LDO usually involves antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medications to clear the blockage and reduce swelling. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the obstruction.

Prevention is key in avoiding LDO, and this can be done by:

* Keeping the eyes and eyelids clean
* Avoiding rubbing or touching the eyes
* Using protective eyewear when needed
* Getting regular eye exams to detect any issues early on.

The most common types of palatal neoplasms include:

1. Ossifying fibroma: A benign tumor that is made up of immature bone cells and usually affects the maxilla (the bone that forms the upper jaw).
2. Malignant ossifying fibroma: A rare and aggressive type of ossifying fibroma that can be cancerous.
3. Benign migratory glossitis: A benign condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the tongue, which can sometimes lead to the formation of a tumor on the hard palate.
4. Squamous cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that can occur on the hard palate, usually in older adults.
5. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A rare and slow-growing type of cancer that typically affects the salivary glands but can also occur on the hard palate.

The symptoms of palatal neoplasms can include:

1. Pain or tenderness in the mouth or jaw
2. Difficulty swallowing or speaking
3. Nasal congestion or obstruction
4. Facial pain or swelling
5. Unusual bleeding or discharge from the mouth

Palatal neoplasms are usually diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as X-rays or CT scans), and biopsy (the removal of a small sample of tissue for microscopic examination). Treatment options can vary depending on the type and stage of the tumor, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

Prognosis for patients with palatal neoplasms depends on the specific diagnosis and stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. In general, early detection and treatment improve outcomes for these types of tumors.

Some common types of maxillary neoplasms include:

1. Osteosarcoma: a type of bone cancer that affects the maxilla.
2. Chondrosarcoma: a type of cancer that arises in the cartilage cells of the maxilla.
3. Squamous cell carcinoma: a type of cancer that originates in the epithelial cells lining the maxilla.
4. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a rare type of cancer that affects the salivary glands in the maxilla.
5. Pleomorphic adenoma: a benign tumor that arises in the salivary glands of the maxilla.
6. Pyogenic granuloma: a type of benign tumor that occurs in the blood vessels of the maxilla.
7. Hemangiopericytic fibroma: a rare type of benign tumor that affects the blood vessels of the maxilla.

Maxillary neoplasms can cause a variety of symptoms, including pain, swelling, and difficulty opening the mouth or eye. They are typically diagnosed through a combination of imaging studies such as CT scans, MRI scans, and biopsies. Treatment options for maxillary neoplasms depend on the type and location of the tumor, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

A disease that affects pigs, including viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections, as well as genetic disorders and nutritional deficiencies. Some common swine diseases include:

1. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS): A highly contagious viral disease that can cause reproductive failure, respiratory problems, and death.
2. Swine Influenza: A viral infection similar to human influenza, which can cause fever, coughing, and pneumonia in pigs.
3. Erysipelas: A bacterial infection that causes high fever, loss of appetite, and skin lesions in pigs.
4. Actinobacillosis: A bacterial infection that can cause pneumonia, arthritis, and abscesses in pigs.
5. Parasitic infections: Such as gastrointestinal parasites like roundworms and tapeworms, which can cause diarrhea, anemia, and weight loss in pigs.
6. Scrapie: A degenerative neurological disorder that affects pigs and other animals, causing confusion, aggression, and eventually death.
7. Nutritional deficiencies: Such as a lack of vitamin E or selenium, which can cause a range of health problems in pigs, including muscular dystrophy and anemia.
8. Genetic disorders: Such as achondroplasia, a condition that causes dwarfism and deformities in pigs.
9. Environmental diseases: Such as heat stress, which can cause a range of health problems in pigs, including respiratory distress and death.

It's important to note that many swine diseases have similar symptoms, making accurate diagnosis by a veterinarian essential for effective treatment and control.

Symptoms of lithiasis may include pain in the affected area, nausea and vomiting, fever, and changes in urination patterns. Treatment for lithiasis depends on the location and size of the stone, and may involve medications to help break down the stone or surgery to remove it.

Prevention strategies for lithiasis include staying hydrated to maintain adequate fluid intake, limiting dietary oxalate intake in cases of calcium oxalate stones, and avoiding foods high in animal protein and salt in cases of uric acid stones. In some cases, medications such as allopurinol or potassium citrate may be prescribed to help prevent stone formation.

In summary, lithiasis is the formation of stones or calculi within the body, typically in the urinary tract or biliary system, and can be caused by a variety of factors. Treatment and prevention strategies vary depending on the location and type of stone, but may include medications to break down the stone or surgery to remove it.

The nasal cavity is divided in two by the vertical nasal septum. On the side of each nasal cavity are three horizontal ... The paranasal sinuses surround and drain into the nasal cavity. The term "nasal cavity" can refer to each of the two cavities ... The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, also known as fossae. Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two ... Diseases of the nasal cavity include viral, bacterial and fungal infections, nasal cavity tumors, both benign and much more ...
Head and neck cancer Paranasal sinus Nasal cavity National Cancer Institute (2019). Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer ... Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is a cancer that is caused by the appearance and invasion of malignant cells into the ... Sometimes, people with nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer do not show any of these symptoms. In fact, these types of cancer ... Nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer is often discovered when a person is being treated for seemingly benign, inflammatory ...
It lies below the inferior concha and above the nasal cavity. It extends most of the length of the nasal cavity's lateral wall ... In anatomy, the term nasal meatus can refer to any of the three meatuses (passages) through the skull's nasal cavity: the ... The nasal meatuses are located beneath each of the corresponding nasal conchae. In the case where a fourth, supreme nasal ... The superior meatus occupies the middle third of the nasal cavity's lateral wall. The middle meatus is the middle-sized and ...
Right nasal airway passage Nasal conchae Nasal concha Maynard, Robert Lewis; Downes, Noel (2019). "Nasal Cavity". Anatomy and ... Generally, in animals, nasal conchae are convoluted structures of thin bone or cartilage located in the nasal cavity. These are ... The conchae are located laterally in the nasal cavities, curling medially and downward into the nasal airway. Each pair is ... Nasal conchae: Blocked/free Normal Nose CT Front cross section Coronal section of nasal cavities. ...
the nasopalatine nerves from the floor of the nasal cavity. the sopalatine branches of the infratrochlear nerve, a branch of ... Nasal Cavity". Anatomy and Histology of the Laboratory Rat in Toxicology and Biomedical Research. Academic Press. pp. 109-121. ... Disorders and Normal Variations of the Oral Cavity of Kittens and Senior Cats". August's Consultations in Feline Internal ...
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... tear-shaped nasal cavity; a "silled" nasal aperture; tower-shaped nasal bones; a triangular-shaped palate; and an angular and ... People with considerable African ancestry typically have a broad and round nasal cavity; no dam or nasal sill; Quonset hut- ... an oval-shaped nasal cavity; tent-shaped nasal bones; a horseshoe-shaped palate; and a rounded and non-sloping eye orbit shape ... A relatively small prognathism often characterizes people with considerable East Asian ancestry; no nasal sill or dam; ...
LAIVs are sprayed into the nasal cavity. Vaccination recommendations vary by country. Some recommend vaccination for all people ... Common ways of collecting samples for testing include nasal and throat swabs. Samples may be taken from the lower respiratory ... nasal discharge, coughing, sneezing, incoordination, and diarrhea. Birds infected with an HPAI virus may also die suddenly ... and nasal discharge. In sows, pregnancy may be aborted. Complications include secondary infections and potentially fatal ...
The nasal mucosa lines the nasal cavity. It is part of the respiratory mucosa, the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract ... the nasal cavities are much narrower, and the middle and inferior nasal conchæ appear larger and more prominent than in the ... It is very thin in the meatuses on the floor of the nasal cavities, and in the various sinuses. It is one of the most commonly ... From the nasal cavity its continuity with the conjunctiva may be traced, through the nasolacrimal and lacrimal ducts; and with ...
Infection is usually in the nasal cavity. Typical signs in dogs include sneezing, nasal discharge, bleeding from the nose, and ...
Knotek, Z; Fichtel, T.; Kohout, P.; Benák, J. (2001). "Diseases of Nasal Cavity in the Dog. Aetiology, Symptomatology, ... The bacteria are normally isolated from the oral cavities and respiratory tracts of these animals. P. canis biotype 1 was shown ... Sarkozi, R; Makrai, L.; Fodor, L. (2011). "Characterization of Pasteurella species isolated from oral cavity of cats". Magyar ... "Occurrence of Pasteurellaceae bacteria in the oral cavity of selected marine mammal species". Journal of Zoo and Wildlife ...
Rajagopal, Shyama (21 January 2015). "Endoscopic sinus surgery goes beyond nasal cavity". The Hindu. "Professor Shahed Quraishi ...
Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma of the Nasal Cavity. Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma of the Nasal Cavity with Abundant ... Ringertz, Nils (January 9, 1938). Pathology of malignant tumors arising in the nasal and paranasal cavities and maxilla. ... such as nasal congestion. When it occurs in the urinary tract, it may cause blood in the urine. Inverted papillomas are ... study published in the American Journal of Neuroradiology concluded that identification of CCP by MRI in a patient with a nasal ...
These odorants enter the nasal cavity during exhalation. The smell of food has the sensation of being in the mouth because of ... In humans, it occurs when an odor binds to a receptor within the nasal cavity, transmitting a signal through the olfactory ... through the superior nasal concha of the nasal passages dissolve in the mucus that lines the superior portion of the cavity and ... These are, therefore, based on perceptions by these animals, rather than mere nasal function. That is, the brain's smell- ...
It is suggested that the multi-ciliated cells around the rim of their nasal cavities generate a water flow to increase chemical ... Fish have mechanoreceptors lined in their nasal cavity. ... as most of these animals close their nasal opening underwater ...
"Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses" CHAPTER 32. Gray's Anatomy Batla, Amit; Nehru, Ravi; Vijay, Tarun (2010-11-15). " ... The procerus muscle arises by tendinous fibers from the fascia covering the lower part of the nasal bone and upper part of the ... lateral nasal cartilage. It is inserted into the skin over the lower part of the forehead between the two eyebrows on either ...
Horizontal section of nasal and orbital cavities. Roof, floor, and lateral wall of left nasal cavity. Coronal section of nasal ... Superior to the superior nasal concha is the sphenoethmoidal recess where the sphenoid sinus communicates with the nasal cavity ... The superior nasal concha forms the roof of the superior nasal meatus.: 692 The superior nasal concha is situated ... The superior nasal concha is a small, curved plate of bone representing a medial bony process of the labyrinth of the ethmoid ...
Its nasal cavities are large. The fur is thick with hairs between 5 and 12 cm (2.0 and 4.7 in) long. Its body is stocky, short- ... In relation to the length of its skull and width of its palate, it has large nasal openings, which allow for increasing the ... doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00819.x. Torregrosa, V.; Petrucci, M.; Pérez-Claros, J. A. & Palmqvist, P. (2010). "Nasal aperture ...
Nose and nasal cavities Ethmoid bone from the right side. Roof, floor, and lateral wall of left nasal cavity. The ... Coronal section of nasal cavities. Sagittal section of nose, mouth, pharynx, and larynx. Nasal conchae Nasal concha This ... the middle nasal concha (middle nasal turbinate). It is rough, and marked above by numerous grooves, directed nearly vertically ... which are distributed to the mucous membrane covering the superior nasal concha. ...
... is a rare cancer of the nasal cavity. Arising from the upper nasal tract, esthesioneuroblastoma is ... Esthesioneuroblastoma occurs in the upper nasal cavity, near the optic nerves and optic chiasm. Thus, tumor growth can impinge ... As the tumor metastasizes to the oral cavity, there can be tooth pain and tooth mobility. There is limited research on the ... Due to the location of the tumor and its proximity to the cranial cavity, esthesioneuroblastoma can be highly invasive and ...
Chronic rhinitis associated with polyps in the nasal cavity. Most prominent pathological changes observed are nasal airway ... Nasal secretion are not adequately cleared with clinical manifestation of nasal congestion, sinus pressure, post-nasal dripping ... Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and post-nasal drip. The inflammation is caused by viruses, bacteria, ... The role of transient receptor potential ion channels on the non-neuronal nasal epithelial cells has also been suggested. ...
Its medial surface forms part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity; at its upper part is a rough, uneven area, which ... Roof, floor, and lateral wall of left nasal cavity. Frontal process of maxilla Frontal process of maxilla Wikimedia Commons has ... The upper border articulates with the frontal bone and the anterior with the nasal; the posterior border is thick, and hollowed ... the posterior end of which articulates with the middle nasal concha, while the anterior part is termed the agger nasi; the ...
Nasal surface. Base of skull. Inferior surface. Roof, floor, and lateral wall of left nasal cavity. Sagittal section of skull ... and forms the greater part of the floor of the nasal cavity. It presents, close to its medial margin, the upper orifice of the ... The medial border is thicker in front than behind, and is raised above into a ridge, the nasal crest, which, with the ... the anterior nasal spine. The posterior border is serrated for articulation with the horizontal part of the palatine bone. ...
Packing of nasal cavity and sinus is sometime required. Suturing of buccal incision is recommended with absorbable suture ... Chronic damage of cavity of maxilla bone. Removal of foreign bodies. Malignancy of sinus. Fracture of maxilla and/or orbital ... Dong, J; Lu, M; Zhou, H; Zhang, W; Li, Y; Dong, W (January 2015). "[Clinical analysis of primary nasal sinus osteoma]". ...
... the oral cavity, the nasal cavity, and the sinuses. The chest is not an effective resonator, despite numerous voice books and ... The oral cavity is the second most effective resonator. The nasal cavity is the third most effective resonator. In spite of ... It is the first cavity of any size through which the product of the laryngeal vibrator passes; the other supraglottal cavities ... Nasal (mask resonance) is present at all times in a well-produced tone, except perhaps in pure head tone or at very soft volume ...
The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, also known as fossae. Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two ... The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system and provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from the ... It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, ... The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum which separates the ...
... each incisive canal opens into the nasal cavity on either side of the nasal septum as the nasal foramina; below, the two ... Nasal surface. Base of skull. Inferior surface. Roof, floor, and lateral wall of left nasal cavity. The sphenopalatine ganglion ... are two bony canals of the anterior hard palate connecting the nasal cavity and the oral cavity. An incisive canal courses ... incisive canals converge medially to open into the oral cavity at midline at the incisive fossa as several incisive foramina. ...
The nerve fibres end in the upper nasal cavity. The optic nerve (II) passes through the optic foramen in the sphenoid bone as ... located in the nasal cavity and this can confound olfactory testing. Nerves may be compressed because of increased intracranial ...
It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, ... the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separated. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior, bony hard palate and ...
"The Auditory Region and Nasal Cavity of Oligocene Nimravidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22 (4): 131-135. doi:10.1671 ...
... or placing it in the nasal cavity behind the uvula), that divine life-current draws the prana from the senses into the spine ... out by curling the tip of the tongue back into the mouth until it reaches above the soft palate and into the nasal cavity. In ... touching the tip of the tongue to nerves in the nasal passage, or to the uvula at the back of the mouth." "While practicing ...
The pacarana has several small cavities (sinuses) in the ectotympanic, so it may be that in many eumegamyines, these cavities ... There is nearly complete fusion of several cranial bones, namely the nasal and frontal bones; they are poorly differentiated ... Josephoartigasia lacks an ectotympanic cavity, and the ear canal is quite long, extending well into the backend of the skull. ... Eumegamyines typically feature an unusual large cavity in the ectotympanic, which holds the eardrum in place. ...
... sleep apnea is often caused by multiple co-existing obstructions at various locations of the airway such as the nasal cavity, ... infection and bleeding A sore throat and/or difficulty swallowing Drainage of secretions into the nose and a nasal quality to ... Nasal-level surgeries turbinoplasty, septoplasty, septorhinoplasty Soft palate-level surgeries uvulectomy, ...
The smaller specimen has a displaced incisor preserved within its nasal cavity; it is more strongly recurved and has wear marks ... The top branch, the external nasal ramus, splits into four branches in the type skull, but it does not split in the second ... In other therapsids like Thrinaxodon, Bauria, and Olivierosuchus, the external nasal ramus generally splits into three or more ...
Digestion begins in the mouth, which is also called the "oral cavity." It is made up of the teeth, the hard palate, the soft ... Additionally, the nasolacrimal duct and sinuses are connected to the nasal passage. The horse's respiratory system not only ... The soft palate blocks off the pharynx from the mouth (oral cavity) of the horse, except when swallowing. This helps prevent ... also called obligate nasal breathing. For this same reason, horses also cannot pant as a method of thermoregulation. The genus ...
... a Gram-positive and facultatively anaerobic bacteria from the family of Facklamia which has been isolated from the nasal cavity ...
Crossing the under surface of the sphenoid, the sphenopalatine artery ends on the nasal septum as the posterior septal branches ... The sphenopalatine artery is a branch of the maxillary artery which passes through the sphenopalatine foramen into the cavity ... Here it gives off its posterior lateral nasal branches. ...
If the cause is determined to be due to a blocked tear duct, gentle palpation between the eye and the nasal cavity may be used ...
The ORNs are located in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity. The cell bodies of the ORNs are distributed among all ...
organisation of exudates in alveolar cavities and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis plasmocytosis in BAL Blood and vessels: ... a nasal swab or sputum sample may also be used. Results are generally available within hours. The WHO has published several ... nasal congestion and runny nose, muscle pain, sore throat, diarrhea, eye irritation, and toes swelling or turning purple, and ...
... possibly also the posterior parts of the palate and the floor of the nasal cavity. The efferents of these glands pass to the ... the external acoustic meatus and the tympanic cavity, ...
Its nasal cavity ran back through this crest, making it mostly hollow. Many suggestions have been made for the function or ... It also can be differentiated from Corythosaurus by its lack of forking nasal processes making up part of the sides of the ... Compared to Corythosaurus, the crest of Lambeosaurus was shifted forward, and the hollow nasal passages within were at the ... based on the distinctive form of the contact of the nasal bone with the premaxilla. Dodson's model would become widely accepted ...
The oral and nasal cavities are swabbed clean, checked for any purge material, then the throat area is packed with cotton. A ... Body cavities The anal and vaginal cavities are sprayed with disinfectant, then packed with cotton that has been saturated with ... If the eye has collapsed due to decomposition, the eye cavity can be packed with cotton prior insertion of the eye cap. If the ... Body cavities affected are punctured and drained of gas, often with a trocar. Mayer, Robert G. (2011). Embalming: History, ...
During endoscopic sinus surgery, it can be used to identify the frontal sinus opening inside the nasal cavity. Endoscopically, ... it is detected by visualizing flushed fluorescein dye into the nasal cavity. This process is a reliable method to detect the ...
Additional minor GVA input from the nasal cavity, soft palate and sinus cavities enters via the facial nerve. Neurons that ... The signals projected from the SN to the parabrachial area originate in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. The ...
This condition commonly results in a lung-lobe torsion (in which the dog's lung twists within the chest cavity, requiring ... nasal depigmentation (also known as Dudley nose), and skin tumours. Afghans are also prone to Central diabetes insipidus (CDI ... allowing large quantities of chyle fluid to enter the dog's chest cavity. ...
Each nasal bone has a small, flattened horn overhanging the nares. Three horns are present on the upper edge of each orbit, ... Once the infill is prepared away, the cavities are used as molds for casts made of gutta-percha latex, which can then be ... The snout is short, with small nasal bones above the nares and a deep maxilla behind them. The teeth are closely-packed, ... revealing fine sand and metal oxides filling the cavities left by the original bones. ...
Infraorbital foramen Horizontal section of nasal and orbital cavities. (Note distinction between infraorbital groove and ...
The nasal bone was shortened compared to the skull of Megatherium, giving it an overall truncated cone appearance. Further ... The parietal bones had a far outward curved shape, which was partly caused by the large cranial cavity with a volume of 1600 ...
They use cavities in trees formed by natural causes such as limb loss or rot rather than those created by other cavity nesting ... "a distinctive nasal honking, unnhh?". Young make "soft chicken-like peeps". The IUCN has assessed the Orinoco goose as Near ... Orinoco geese nest in both natural and artificial cavities. ... species, and may compete with owls and parrots for cavities. ...
The repositioning of the larynx resulted in a longer cavity called the pharynx, which is responsible for increasing the range ... At any given moment the soft palate or velum either allows or does not allow sound to resonate in the nasal chamber. In the ... The lips also became thicker, and the oral cavity hidden behind became smaller. Hence, according to Ann MacLarnon, "the ... "the sucking activities of the child are accompanied by a slight nasal murmur, the only phonation to be produced when the lips ...
More recently the strain has also been isolated from the nasal and oral cavities of pigs. The species has not been identified ... Yamaguchi, Yasutaka (2008). "Cariogenicity of Three Kinds of Mutans Streptococci from Pig Oral Cavity". Int J Oral-Med Sci. 7 ( ... Streptococcus ferus was originally isolated from the oral cavity wild rats who were living in sugar cane fields and eating a ...
It had a longer, narrower snout and a less-developed nasal cavity, more resembling that of a modern deer, lacking any sign of ... "The Nasal Complex of a Semiaquatic Artiodactyl, the Moose (Alces alces): Is it a Good Evolutionary Model for the Ancestors of ...
Evans, D. C. (2006-01-01). "Nasal cavity homologies and cranial crest function in lambeosaurine dinosaurs". Paleobiology. 32 (1 ... and the Evolution of Ceratopsid Nasal Ornamentation". PLOS ONE. 10 (7): e0130007. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1030007E. doi:10.1371/ ...
... and into the nasal cavities. As more tears are shed, more liquid flows into the nasal cavities, both stimulating mucus ... Air caught in nasal cavities, namely the sinus cavities, cannot be released and the resulting pressure may cause a headache or ... The membranes create mucus faster than it can be processed, causing a backup of mucus in the nasal cavities. As the cavity ... During these infections, the nasal mucous membranes produce excess mucus, filling the nasal cavities. This is to prevent ...
One of her front teeth was slightly chipped, while three of her other teeth had visible cavities, and six molars were missing. ... Other findings were a "prominent sternal fissure, healed nasal fracture, lumbar scoliosis, and arthritis". No cause of death ...
Professional drying of concealed wall cavities and enclosed spaces such as cabinet toekick spaces may be required. Post- ... nasal blockage and frequent sneezing. Molds can also pose a hazard to human and animal health when they are consumed following ...
The nasal openings were also retracted back on the jaws, similar to spinosaurids, which have even more retracted nasal openings ... cavities on the inside). The arches of the cervical vertebrae also had pneumatic fossae (or chonoses), conical recesses so ... Based on the tiny nasal crests on a juvenile specimen, Yates had tentatively assigned to the related genus Dracovenator, he ... and were continuous with the sinus cavities in the front of the skull. The antorbital fenestra was continuous with the side of ...
... which sometimes enters the nasal cavities of livestock. Haemopis sanguisuga does not behave in this way. Another synonym for ...
Living as a nasal cavity (nose) or sinus cancer survivor can include keeping up with follow-up visits, preventing new cancers, ... Key Statistics About Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancers. *Whats New in Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer Research? ... People whove had nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer can still get other cancers. In fact, nasal cavity or paranasal sinus ... Chemotherapy for Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancers. *Targeted Drug Therapy for Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancers ...
The mission of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences is to discover how the environment affects people in order to promote healthier lives.
Understanding the anatomy of the nasal cavity and its anomalies is important because it leads to an understanding of imaging ... Because most nasal cavity imaging for chronic sinusitis is currently performed with computed tomography, this article ... Nasal Cavity Anatomy, Physiology, and Anomalies on CT Scan * Sections Nasal Cavity Anatomy, Physiology, and Anomalies on CT ... Nasal Cavity Anomalies and Sinusitis. Many anatomic variations of the nasal cavity exist. These variants may impair airflow by ...
... is a nasal cavity carcinogen according to a 2-yr cancer study of male and female F344/N rats, with the nasal tumors arising ... to explore the early changes in the nasal cavity after short-term exposure. Lesions occurred in the nasal cavity including ... Molecular Changes in the Nasal Cavity after N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine Exposure June K Dunnick 1 , B Alex Merrick 2 , Amy Brix 3 ... is a nasal cavity carcinogen according to a 2-yr cancer study of male and female F344/N rats, with the nasal tumors arising ...
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Data on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, usual diet, and other factors from 147 white men who died from nasal cancer and ... A case-control analysis of cancer of the nasal cavity and sinuses was performed using data from the 1986 National Mortality ... Risk factors for cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses among white men in the United States W Zheng 1 , J K ... Risk factors for cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses among white men in the United States W Zheng et al. Am J ...
The nasal cavity __________ the air we breathe. warms humidifies (moistens) filters All of the above. (Select the best answer ... The nasal cavity warms and moistens the air and filters it of impurities. Tiny hairs and sticky mucous membranes trap foreign ... Structures in the nasal cavity called concha increase the surface area allowing maximum efficiency. The sinuses are hollow ... The pharynx refers to the part of the respiratory tract behind the nasal cavity and mouth, in other words, the throat. ...
... View/. Open Aono_MS_Beta-defensin expression in canine nasal cavity.pdf ( ... but little is currently known about defensin expression in the nasal cavity. Herein expression of canine β-defensin (cBD)1, ... in the nares may provide indirect protection to the OE by eliminating pathogens in the rostral portion of the nasal cavity, ...
If cancer is in the nasal cavity, treatment may be one of the following: * Surgery. ... Treatment Stage IV Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer. Treatment depends on the type of cancer and where the cancer is ... Sinus Related Articles > Treatment Option Overview > Treatment Stage IV Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer. ... If the cancer is in the nose (nasal vestibule), treatment may be one of the following: * External beam and/or internal ...
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research aims to publish findings of doctors at grass root level and post graduate students, so that all unique medical experiences are recorded in literature.
... and the early molecular changes in the nasal cavity after DMPT exposure are candidate markers for nasal cavity environmental ... The DMPT nasal transcript pattern was similar to that found in the nasal cavity of the rat after 13-weeks of formaldehyde ... harvested nasal cavity transitional cell epithelium, and analyzed nasal gene transcript expression patterns to profile early ... Profiling molecular changes in N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine-induced nasal cavity toxicity. Thursday, September 17, 2015. - Poster ...
... inside the nasal cavity of a newborn mouse. The olfactory epithelium drapes over the interior walls of the nasal cavity and its ... nasal cavity. A Nose for Science Posted on May 23rd, 2019. by Dr. Francis Collins ... Tags: 2018 BioArt Scientific Image & Video Competition, cochlea, FASEB, FEP cell, FGF20, hearing, nasal cavity, nose, odor, ... Tags: brain, development, nasal cavity, navigator neurons, neurons, nose, odor, olfactory bulb, olfactory sensory neurons, ...
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Nasal cavity: on the lateral nasal wall show the superior, middle and inferior nasal chonchae project medially into the nasal ... This model shows the external and internal structures of the nasal cavity. 1. External nose: shows the section of the nasal ... Be the first to review "XC-309 Nasal Cavity" Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked ... Product Name: Nasal Cavity. Product No: XC-309. Material: PVC. Description:. ...
Nasal Cavity. Pharyngeal Diseases 2. Illumination and examination of the anterior and posterior nasal cavities ... Start Over You searched for: Subjects Nasal Cavity ✖Remove constraint Subjects: Nasal Cavity ... Nasal Cavity. Surgical Instruments 4. The nasal douche: what it accomplishes and what it does not ... Nasal Cavity. Physical Examination -- instrumentation. Light 3. An improved self-retaining nasal speculum ...
His symptoms continued waxing and waning for 3 years until he developed overt lymphoma (ENKL) in the nasal cavity. The ileum ... Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal cavity developed in a patient with intestinal Epstein-Barr virus-positive T/NK-cell ... Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal cavity developed in a patient with intestinal E ... Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) developed in a patient with intestinal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive T/NK- ...
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Inhaled air is moistened, warmed, and cleansed by the tissue that lines the nasal cavity.It is lined with a mucous membrane ... Tiny hairs called cilia sweep mucus from your nasal cavity into the back of your throat where it can be swallowed and ... Tiny hairs called cilia sweep mucus from your nasal cavity into the back of your throat where it can be swallowed and ... Inhaled air is moistened, warmed, and cleansed by the tissue that lines the nasal cavity. ...
Malignant neoplasms of the nose; nasal cavity; middle ear; and accessory sinuses. ...
Keywords: nasal cavity, foreign body Abstract. Several cases of foreign bodies in adults nasal cavities have been analyzed. ... Foreign Bodies of the Nasal Cavity in Adults * Diana Orishchak Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine ...
Volume 4: The Head and Neck , The Nasal Cavity and its Surroundings ...
Nasal polyps are common nasal cavity lesions which are usually inflammatory polyps. Schwannoma of the nasal cavity usually ... Here, we report the case of a 47-year-old female who presented with a mass in the left nasal cavity causing the nasal blockage. ... Schwannoma in the nasal cavity: A benign nerve sheath tumor at an odd location. Indian Journal of Case Reports. 2023 Apr; 9(4 ... unilateral nasal obstruction due to mass obliterating the nasal cavity, and epistaxis. ...
Anatomical review of the nasal cavities and the sinuses. In: AVEF - Conférence Annuelle - Versailles, 2006 by Association des ...
Background: Lobular capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity is an uncommon benign vascular tumor of unknown etiology. There ... Conclusion: Lobular capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity was usually found to occur in anterior septum with epistaxis. ... Lobular Capillary Hemangioma of the Nasal Cavity: A Retrospective Study of 15 Cases in Taiwan ... All patients presented a unilateral nasal lobular capillary hemangioma. The most commonly affected site was the anterior nasal ...
Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx. Infectious lesions. Rhinosclerosis. Author: Nat Pernick, M.D. ... Rare; chronic granulomatous disease of nasal cavity (95 - 100%), nasopharynx (18 - 43%), larynx (15 - 40%), trachea (12%) or ...
Polyps are an end result of varying disease processes in the nasal cavities. ... nasal polyps are abnormal lesions that originate from any portion of the nasal mucosa or paranasal sinuses. ... Interior view of the nose and nasal cavities. To the right of the patients left nostril, the right nasal cavity has no ... Rigid endoscopic view of the left nasal cavity. The septum is on the left, and the lateral nasal wall is on the right. The ...
Nose, Nasal Cavities & Paranasal Sinuses (National Cancer Institute) * Pharynx (National Cancer Institute) ...
The trials did not establish the efficacy of IMITREX nasal spray compared with placebo in the treatment of migraine in ... Two controlled clinical trials evaluated IMITREX nasal spray (5 to 20 mg) in 1,248 pediatric migraineurs aged 12 to 17 years ... The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of IMITREX tablets, IMITREX nasal spray, and ... Discomfort: nasal cavity/sinuses. 2. ,1. Injection site reactiona 59. 24 ...
  • People with cancer of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses are at risk for the cancer coming back (a recurrence ) and developing new cancers in other parts of the body, so they must be watched closely after treatment. (cancer.org)
  • The nasal cavity also provides drainage for secretions from the paranasal sinuses and traps odor-bearing particles for olfaction to the olfactory recesses. (medscape.com)
  • The nasal cavity is surrounded by air-containing mucosal-lined cavities called the paranasal sinuses, which include the paired maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses. (medscape.com)
  • The sinuses communicate directly with the nasal cavity and their secretions drain into it via the ostia. (medscape.com)
  • A case-control analysis of cancer of the nasal cavity and sinuses was performed using data from the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey. (nih.gov)
  • A population-based case-control study of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in Shanghai. (nih.gov)
  • The sinuses are hollow areas, or cavities, in the bones of the skull that are lined with mucous membranes and that open into the nasal cavity. (naturalhealthschool.com)
  • When the sinuses are inflammed and filled with mucus the voice has a different quality, often referred to as "nasal" in character. (naturalhealthschool.com)
  • The criterion standard for evaluating nasal lesions, especially nasal polyposis or sinusitis, is a thin-cut (1-3 mm) computed tomography (CT) scan of the maxillofacial area, the sinuses axially, and the coronal plane. (medscape.com)
  • It indicates the infection by the thick mucus in the maxillary and ethmoid cavities by the heterogeneity of the opacification in the sinuses. (medscape.com)
  • Axial CT scan section through the maxillary sinuses showing opacification of the left maxillary sinus with antral-choanal polyp in the posterior nasal cavity and choana exiting from beneath the middle turbinate in the area of the ostiomeatal complex unit. (medscape.com)
  • Coronal CT scan through the anterior sinuses showing opacification of the left maxillary sinus with opacification of the inferior half of the nasal cavity on the left, filled by the antral-choanal polyp. (medscape.com)
  • The sinuses are a network of small, hollow cavities inside the skull. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The nasal passageway contains four pairs of sinuses, which get their names from the facial bones that contain them. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The maxillary sinuses are pyramid shaped cavities that sit behind the cheeks on either side of the nose. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Nasal polyps are common nasal cavity lesions which are usually inflammatory polyps. (who.int)
  • Laboratory studies should be directed at the pathologic process believed to be responsible for the nasal polyps. (medscape.com)
  • Perform a sweat chloride test or genetic testing for cystic fibrosis (CF) in any child with multiple benign nasal polyps. (medscape.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also warranted in patients with possible intracranial involvement or extension of benign nasal polyps. (medscape.com)
  • CRS may manifest as one of three major clinical syndromes: CRS without nasal polyps, CRS with nasal polyps, or allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. (medscape.com)
  • 1. External nose: shows the section of the nasal bones and cartilages. (labasiabd.com)
  • It grows from tissue in the upper part of the nose cavity, related to the sense of smell and can affect a person s sense of smell. (nih.gov)
  • The most commonly affected site was the anterior nasal septum, followed by the inferior turbinate, vestibule, middle turbinate, and posterior nasal septum. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
  • The olfactory recesses are located at the superiormost portion of the nasal cavity, medial to the paired superior turbinates. (medscape.com)
  • High expression of cBD103 in the nares may provide indirect protection to the OE by eliminating pathogens in the rostral portion of the nasal cavity, whereas cBD1 and 108 may provide direct protection to the RE and OE. (auburn.edu)
  • For some people with nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer, the end of treatment can be both stressful and exciting. (cancer.org)
  • Because most nasal cavity imaging for chronic sinusitis is currently performed with computed tomography (CT) scanning, this article concentrates on CT anatomy. (medscape.com)
  • The medical term for chronic nasal congestion is sinusitis . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Because nasal airway inflammation usually accompanies chronic sinusitis and rhinitis symptoms precede it, the term chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a more accurate term. (medscape.com)
  • The nasal cavity is separated into halves by the partially bony and partially cartilaginous nasal septum. (medscape.com)
  • Lobular capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity was usually found to occur in anterior septum with epistaxis. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
  • Background and objective: Causes for nasal airway obstruction (NAO) are many but septum deviation is the most prevalent etiology. (manipal.edu)
  • A deviated septum affects the airflow dynamics in the human nasal cavity, which in turn affects the physiological functions of the nasal cavity like heating, humidification, and filtration capabilities. (manipal.edu)
  • Schwannoma of the nasal cavity usually presented with headache, unilateral nasal obstruction due to mass obliterating the nasal cavity, and epistaxis. (who.int)
  • A nasal smear for eosinophils may differentiate allergic from nonallergic sinus diseases and indicate whether the child may be responsive to glucocorticoids. (medscape.com)
  • 2. Nasal cavity: on the lateral nasal wall show the superior, middle and inferior nasal chonchae project medially into the nasal cavity forming the superior, middle and inferior nasal meatuses. (labasiabd.com)
  • CF is associated with a characteristic symmetrical bulging of the lateral nasal walls medially (see the images below). (medscape.com)
  • Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed and the tumor was resected en bloc. (go.jp)
  • Lobular capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity is an uncommon benign vascular tumor of unknown etiology. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
  • Conclusion: In our experience, the treatment policy for NK/T cell lymphoma of nasal cavity using 3D-CRT with greater than 50 Gy to gross tumor/tumor bed plus adequate margin was feasible. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Here, we report the case of a 47-year-old female who presented with a mass in the left nasal cavity causing the nasal blockage. (who.int)
  • Tiny hairs called cilia sweep mucus from your nasal cavity into the back of your throat where it can be swallowed and neutralized in your stomach. (github.io)
  • Axial CT scan section through the orbit, showing the dilated nasal lacrimal ducts in the medial anterior area compared to the orbits. (medscape.com)
  • The pharynx refers to the part of the respiratory tract behind the nasal cavity and mouth, in other words, the throat. (naturalhealthschool.com)
  • Nasal endoscopy usually is recommended before obtaining imaging, because is shows the condition of the nasal mucosa and evaluates for purulent drainage. (medscape.com)
  • The nasal cavity warms and humidifies inspired air and filters out small airborne particles before air reaches the lung. (medscape.com)
  • The nasal cavity warms and moistens the air and filters it of impurities. (naturalhealthschool.com)
  • Methods: Two nasal airway models are considered and compared in this study. (manipal.edu)
  • This colorful, almost psychedelic image shows the entire olfactory epithelium, or "smell center," (green) inside the nasal cavity of a newborn mouse. (nih.gov)
  • The olfactory epithelium drapes over the interior walls of the nasal cavity and its curvy bony parts (red). (nih.gov)
  • We have assessed the accuracy of RT-QuIC analysis of nasal brushings from olfactory epithelium in diagnosing sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in living patients. (nejm.org)
  • In this preliminary study, RT-QuIC testing of olfactory epithelium samples obtained from nasal brushings was accurate in diagnosing Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and indicated substantial prion seeding activity lining the nasal vault. (nejm.org)
  • These are obtained directly from the sinus cavity (by maxillary sinus tap or during surgery) or endoscopically from the ostia. (medscape.com)
  • In this study we exposed rats for five days to DMPT (0 and 120 mg/kg), harvested nasal cavity transitional cell epithelium, and analyzed nasal gene transcript expression patterns to profile early molecular changes. (nih.gov)
  • Cancer is a multistep process, and the early molecular changes in the nasal cavity after DMPT exposure are candidate markers for nasal cavity environmental toxins. (nih.gov)
  • Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal cavity developed in a patient with intestinal Epstein-Barr virus-positive T/NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. (bvsalud.org)
  • His symptoms continued waxing and waning for 3 years until he developed overt lymphoma (ENKL) in the nasal cavity . (bvsalud.org)
  • Treatment Outcome following Three-dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) for NK/T-cell Lymphoma of Nasal Cavity: A Single Institute Survey in Taiwan. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • 鼻腔NK/T細胞淋巴瘤三度空間立體順形放射治療成果:臺灣單一機構研究: Treatment Outcome following Three-dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcome following three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for NK/T-cell lymphoma of nasal cavity. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Axial CT scan through the inferior nasal cavities, showing the dilated nasal lacrimal duct cysts at the inferior location. (medscape.com)
  • Sinus inflammation that causes nasal congestion can occur as a result of a viral respiratory infection or exposure to allergens or irritants. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In a CT-scan study of the nasal cavity in children aged 0-3 years, with subjects divided into five age groups, Likus et al found that children in adjacent age groups showed no statistically significant differences in distances between either skeletal or mucosal structures of the cavity. (medscape.com)
  • Structures in the nasal cavity called concha increase the surface area allowing maximum efficiency. (naturalhealthschool.com)
  • This model shows the external and internal structures of the nasal cavity. (labasiabd.com)
  • Yang and Ornitz also discovered that the FEP cells crank out a molecule, called FGF20, that controls the growth of the bony parts in the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • Although congestion is not a serious medical condition, it can lead to nasal discharge, facial pain, and headaches. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Data on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, usual diet, and other factors from 147 white men who died from nasal cancer and from 449 controls who died from other causes were compared. (nih.gov)
  • Cigarette smoking was related to an increased risk of nasal cancer, with a doubling of risk among heavy or long-term smokers and a reduction in risk among long-term quitters. (nih.gov)
  • Among nonsmokers, having a spouse who smoked was associated with a significantly elevated risk of nasal cancer. (nih.gov)
  • After adjustment for smoking, a significant dose-response relation was also noted between alcohol drinking and risk of nasal cancer. (nih.gov)
  • The study confirms that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for nasal cancer, and provides further evidence that dietary factors may play a role in the etiology of this malignancy. (nih.gov)
  • N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT) (Cas No. 99-97-8), an accelerator for methyl methacrylate monomers in medical devices, is a nasal cavity carcinogen in 2-year cancer studies in male and female F344/N rats, and is thought to cause its toxic effects in part due to oxidative damage. (nih.gov)
  • Inhaled air is moistened, warmed, and cleansed by the tissue that lines the nasal cavity. (github.io)
  • The bottom of the nasal cavity should hit right where the round upper half of the skull meets the lower portion. (adobe.com)
  • The DMPT nasal transcript pattern was similar to that found in the nasal cavity of the rat after 13-weeks of formaldehyde exposure with over 1000 transcripts in common. (nih.gov)
  • The results were intended to help provide reference values for the diagnosis of nasal cavity stenosis in young children. (medscape.com)
  • The present study investigates and compares the airflow patterns in a healthy nasal cavity to a septal deviated nasal cavity. (manipal.edu)
  • Add horizontal lines to indicate the centre of the eyeline, the bottom of the nasal cavity and the centre of the mouth. (adobe.com)
  • [1] Taste is the perception stimulated when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity , mostly on the tongue . (wikipedia.org)
  • Retrospective chart reviews were performed on patients who were diagnosed with lobular capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity at Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, from January 2003 to December 2012. (balkanmedicaljournal.org)
  • Several cases of foreign bodies in adults' nasal cavities have been analyzed. (ifnmujournal.com)