Myosin heavy chains. Medical search

The larger subunits of MYOSINS. The heavy chains have a molecular weight of about 230 kDa and each heavy chain is usually associated with a dissimilar pair of MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS. The heavy chains possess actin-binding and ATPase activity.

A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common characteristics of being able to bind ACTINS and hydrolyze MgATP. Myosins generally consist of heavy chains which are involved in locomotion, and light chains which are involved in regulation. Within the structure of myosin heavy chain are three domains: the head, the neck and the tail. The head region of the heavy chain contains the actin binding domain and MgATPase domain which provides energy for locomotion. The neck region is involved in binding the light-chains. The tail region provides the anchoring point that maintains the position of the heavy chain. The superfamily of myosins is organized into structural classes based upon the type and arrangement of the subunits they contain.

Parts of the myosin molecule resulting from cleavage by proteolytic enzymes (PAPAIN; TRYPSIN; or CHYMOTRYPSIN) at well-localized regions. Study of these isolated fragments helps to delineate the functional roles of different parts of myosin. Two of the most common subfragments are myosin S-1 and myosin S-2. S-1 contains the heads of the heavy chains plus the light chains and S-2 contains part of the double-stranded, alpha-helical, heavy chain tail (myosin rod).

The subfamily of myosin proteins that are commonly found in muscle fibers. Myosin II is also involved a diverse array of cellular functions including cell division, transport within the GOLGI APPARATUS, and maintaining MICROVILLI structure.

The smaller subunits of MYOSINS that bind near the head groups of MYOSIN HEAVY CHAINS. The myosin light chains have a molecular weight of about 20 KDa and there are usually one essential and one regulatory pair of light chains associated with each heavy chain. Many myosin light chains that bind calcium are considered "calmodulin-like" proteins.

The largest of polypeptide chains comprising immunoglobulins. They contain 450 to 600 amino acid residues per chain, and have molecular weights of 51-72 kDa.

A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in neuronal tissue.

A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils and brush border enterocytes.

A subclass of myosin involved in organelle transport and membrane targeting. It is abundantly found in nervous tissue and neurosecretory cells. The heavy chains of myosin V contain unusually long neck domains that are believed to aid in translocating molecules over large distances.

Isoforms of MYOSIN TYPE II, specifically found in the ventricular muscle of the HEART. Defects in the genes encoding ventricular myosins result in FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY.

Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle.

Skeletal muscle fibers characterized by their expression of the Type I MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN isoforms which have low ATPase activity and effect several other functional properties - shortening velocity, power output, rate of tension redevelopment.

Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.

Skeletal muscle fibers characterized by their expression of the Type II MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN isoforms which have high ATPase activity and effect several other functional properties - shortening velocity, power output, rate of tension redevelopment. Several fast types have been identified.

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.

Myosin type II isoforms found in smooth muscle.

A subclass of myosins found generally associated with actin-rich membrane structures such as filopodia. Members of the myosin type I family are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes. The heavy chains of myosin type I lack coiled-coil forming sequences in their tails and therefore do not dimerize.

Large, multinucleate single cells, either cylindrical or prismatic in shape, that form the basic unit of SKELETAL MUSCLE. They consist of MYOFIBRILS enclosed within and attached to the SARCOLEMMA. They are derived from the fusion of skeletal myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SKELETAL) into a syncytium, followed by differentiation.

Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Developmental events leading to the formation of adult muscular system, which includes differentiation of the various types of muscle cell precursors, migration of myoblasts, activation of myogenesis and development of muscle anchorage.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Myosin type II isoforms found in skeletal muscle.

The long cylindrical contractile organelles of STRIATED MUSCLE cells composed of ACTIN FILAMENTS; MYOSIN filaments; and other proteins organized in arrays of repeating units called SARCOMERES .

The heavy chain subunits of clathrin.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A protein complex of actin and MYOSINS occurring in muscle. It is the essential contractile substance of muscle.

An enzyme that phosphorylates myosin light chains in the presence of ATP to yield myosin-light chain phosphate and ADP, and requires calcium and CALMODULIN. The 20-kDa light chain is phosphorylated more rapidly than any other acceptor, but light chains from other myosins and myosin itself can act as acceptors. The enzyme plays a central role in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.

A disorder of immunoglobulin synthesis in which large quantities of abnormal heavy chains are excreted in the urine. The amino acid sequences of the N-(amino-) terminal regions of these chains are normal, but they have a deletion extending from part of the variable domain through the first domain of the constant region, so that they cannot form cross-links to the light chains. The defect arises through faulty coupling of the variable (V) and constant (C) region genes.

The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Proteins that are involved in or cause CELL MOVEMENT such as the rotary structures (flagellar motor) or the structures whose movement is directed along cytoskeletal filaments (MYOSIN; KINESIN; and DYNEIN motor families).

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.

A group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. The hydrolysis reaction is usually coupled with another function such as transporting Ca(2+) across a membrane. These enzymes may be dependent on Ca(2+), Mg(2+), anions, H+, or DNA.

A genus of protozoa, formerly also considered a fungus. Its natural habitat is decaying forest leaves, where it feeds on bacteria. D. discoideum is the best-known species and is widely used in biomedical research.

The repeating contractile units of the MYOFIBRIL, delimited by Z bands along its length.

Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Ordered rearrangement of B-lymphocyte variable gene regions of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS, thereby contributing to antibody diversity. It occurs during the first stage of differentiation of the IMMATURE B-LYMPHOCYTES.

Myosin type II isoforms specifically found in the atrial muscle of the heart.

Polypeptide chains, consisting of 211 to 217 amino acid residues and having a molecular weight of approximately 22 kDa. There are two major types of light chains, kappa and lambda. Two Ig light chains and two Ig heavy chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) make one immunoglobulin molecule.

A protein found in the thin filaments of muscle fibers. It inhibits contraction of the muscle unless its position is modified by TROPONIN.

A class of organic compounds containing four or more ring structures, one of which is made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The heterocycle may be either aromatic or nonaromatic.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

Fibers composed of MICROFILAMENT PROTEINS, which are predominately ACTIN. They are the smallest of the cytoskeletal filaments.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws.

The musculofibrous partition that separates the THORACIC CAVITY from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. Contraction of the diaphragm increases the volume of the thoracic cavity aiding INHALATION.

The phenomenon whereby certain chemical compounds have structures that are different although the compounds possess the same elemental composition. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.

That region of the immunoglobulin molecule that varies in its amino acid sequence and composition, and comprises the binding site for a specific antigen. It is located at the N-terminus of the Fab fragment of the immunoglobulin. It includes hypervariable regions (COMPLEMENTARITY DETERMINING REGIONS) and framework regions.

Heavy chains of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G having a molecular weight of approximately 51 kDa. They contain about 450 amino acid residues arranged in four domains and an oligosaccharide component covalently bound to the Fc fragment constant region. The gamma heavy chain subclasses (for example, gamma 1, gamma 2a, and gamma 2b) of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN G isotype subclasses (IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B) resemble each other more closely than the heavy chains of the other IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOTYPES.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A subclass of myosins originally found in the photoreceptor of DROSOPHILA. The heavy chains can occur as two alternatively spliced isoforms of 132 and 174 KDa. The amino terminal of myosin type III is highly unusual in that it contains a protein kinase domain which may be an important component of the visual process.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

A myogenic regulatory factor that controls myogenesis. Though it is not clear how its function differs from the other myogenic regulatory factors, MyoD appears to be related to fusion and terminal differentiation of the muscle cell.

Genes and gene segments encoding the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS. Gene segments of the heavy chain genes are symbolized V (variable), D (diversity), J (joining), and C (constant).

The muscles that move the eye. Included in this group are the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, musculus orbitalis, and levator palpebrae superioris.

A genus of ameboid protozoa. Characteristics include a vesicular nucleus and the formation of several lodopodia, one of which is dominant at a given time. Reproduction occurs asexually by binary fission.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Technique for limiting use, activity, or movement by immobilizing or restraining animal by suspending from hindlimbs or tails. This immobilization is used to simulate some effects of reduced gravity and study weightlessness physiology.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A family of multisubunit cytoskeletal motor proteins that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to power a variety of cellular functions. Dyneins fall into two major classes based upon structural and functional criteria.

The class of heavy chains found in IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. They have a molecular weight of approximately 72 kDa and they contain about 57 amino acid residues arranged in five domains and have more oligosaccharide branches and a higher carbohydrate content than the heavy chains of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

The striated muscle groups which move the LARYNX as a whole or its parts, such as altering tension of the VOCAL CORDS, or size of the slit (RIMA GLOTTIDIS).

Genes encoding the different subunits of the IMMUNOGLOBULINS, for example the IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN GENES and the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN GENES. The heavy and light immunoglobulin genes are present as gene segments in the germline cells. The completed genes are created when the segments are shuffled and assembled (B-LYMPHOCYTE GENE REARRANGEMENT) during B-LYMPHOCYTE maturation. The gene segments of the human light and heavy chain germline genes are symbolized V (variable), J (joining) and C (constant). The heavy chain germline genes have an additional segment D (diversity).

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

A myogenic regulatory factor that controls myogenesis. Myogenin is induced during differentiation of every skeletal muscle cell line that has been investigated, in contrast to the other myogenic regulatory factors that only appear in certain cell types.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

A phosphoprotein phosphatase that is specific for MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS. It is composed of three subunits, which include a catalytic subunit, a myosin binding subunit, and a third subunit of unknown function.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

A family of muscle-specific transcription factors which bind to DNA in control regions and thus regulate myogenesis. All members of this family contain a conserved helix-loop-helix motif which is homologous to the myc family proteins. These factors are only found in skeletal muscle. Members include the myoD protein (MYOD PROTEIN); MYOGENIN; myf-5, and myf-6 (also called MRF4 or herculin).

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA.

Large woodland game BIRDS in the subfamily Meleagridinae, family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. Formerly they were considered a distinct family, Melegrididae.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Catalyzes the reduction of tetrazolium compounds in the presence of NADH.

An intermediate filament protein found predominantly in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. Localized at the Z line. MW 50,000 to 55,000 is species dependent.

The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).

Muscular contractions characterized by increase in tension without change in length.

Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.

The domains of the immunoglobulin molecules that are invariable in their amino acid sequence within any class or subclass of immunoglobulin. They confer biological as well as structural functions to immunoglobulins. One each on both the light chains and the heavy chains comprises the C-terminus half of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN FAB FRAGMENT and two or three of them make up the rest of the heavy chains (all of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN FC FRAGMENT)

The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.

Embryonic (precursor) cells of the myogenic lineage that develop from the MESODERM. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes (MYOCYTES, SKELETAL; MYOCYTES, CARDIAC; MYOCYTES, SMOOTH MUSCLE).

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A giant elastic protein of molecular mass ranging from 2,993 kDa (cardiac), 3,300 kDa (psoas), to 3,700 kDa (soleus) having a kinase domain. The amino- terminal is involved in a Z line binding, and the carboxy-terminal region is bound to the myosin filament with an overlap between the counter-connectin filaments at the M line.

A transmembrane glycoprotein subunit that can dimerize with a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS). This protein subunit serves a diverse array of functions including amino acid transport and cell fusion. Its function is altered depending which of the light chain subunits it interacts with.

A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534)

The resection or removal of the innervation of a muscle or muscle tissue.

The class of heavy chains found in IMMUNOGLOBULIN A. They have a molecular weight of approximately 58 kDa and contain about 470 amino acid residues arranged in four domains and an oligosaccharide component bound covalently to their Fc fragment constant region.

A genus of small free-living nematodes. Two species, CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS and C. briggsae are much used in studies of genetics, development, aging, muscle chemistry, and neuroanatomy.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

An autosomal dominant inherited form of HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. It results from any of more than 50 mutations involving genes encoding contractile proteins such as VENTRICULAR MYOSINS; cardiac TROPONIN T; ALPHA-TROPOMYOSIN.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Monomeric subunits of primarily globular ACTIN and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells. They are often associated with microtubules and may play a role in cytoskeletal function and/or mediate movement of the cell or the organelles within the cell.

One of the minor protein components of skeletal muscle. Its function is to serve as the calcium-binding component in the troponin-tropomyosin B-actin-myosin complex by conferring calcium sensitivity to the cross-linked actin and myosin filaments.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A genus of free-living soil amoebae that produces no flagellate stage. Its organisms are pathogens for several infections in humans and have been found in the eye, bone, brain, and respiratory tract.

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

Proteins which bind calmodulin. They are found in many tissues and have a variety of functions including F-actin cross-linking properties, inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and calcium and magnesium ATPases.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.

Proteins which participate in contractile processes. They include MUSCLE PROTEINS as well as those found in other cells and tissues. In the latter, these proteins participate in localized contractile events in the cytoplasm, in motile activity, and in cell aggregation phenomena.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Proteins found in any species of protozoan.

A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.

A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.

Common name for a number of different species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. This includes, among others, the common carp, crucian carp, grass carp, and silver carp.

Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)

Activating transcription factors of the MADS family which bind a specific sequence element (MEF2 element) in many muscle-specific genes and are involved in skeletal and cardiac myogenesis, neuronal differentiation and survival/apoptosis.

A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws; its posterior portion retracts the mandible.

Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

The pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles that make up the upper and fore part of the chest in front of the AXILLA.

General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

One of two types of muscle in the body, characterized by the array of bands observed under microscope. Striated muscles can be divided into two subtypes: the CARDIAC MUSCLE and the SKELETAL MUSCLE.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

Enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (CITRIC ACID CYCLE). It catalyzes the reaction of oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA to form citrate and coenzyme A. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.1.3.7.

A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.

One of the types of light chains of the immunoglobulins with a molecular weight of approximately 22 kDa.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.

A phylum of the kingdom Metazoa. Mollusca have soft, unsegmented bodies with an anterior head, a dorsal visceral mass, and a ventral foot. Most are encased in a protective calcareous shell. It includes the classes GASTROPODA; BIVALVIA; CEPHALOPODA; Aplacophora; Scaphopoda; Polyplacophora; and Monoplacophora.

Serum proteins that have the most rapid migration during ELECTROPHORESIS. This subgroup of globulins is divided into faster and slower alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-globulins.

The quadriceps femoris. A collective name of the four-headed skeletal muscle of the thigh, comprised of the rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

A protein factor that regulates the length of R-actin. It is chemically similar, but immunochemically distinguishable from actin.

Proteins to which calcium ions are bound. They can act as transport proteins, regulator proteins, or activator proteins. They typically contain EF HAND MOTIFS.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. It is the small subunit of the MHC class I molecule. Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. Beta 2-microglobulin is present in small amounts in serum, csf, and urine of normal people, and to a much greater degree in the urine and plasma of patients with tubular proteinemia, renal failure, or kidney transplants.

Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE).

Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.

Precursor cells destined to differentiate into skeletal myocytes (MYOCYTES, SKELETAL).

A group of intracellular-signaling serine threonine kinases that bind to RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEINS. They were originally found to mediate the effects of rhoA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN on the formation of STRESS FIBERS and FOCAL ADHESIONS. Rho-associated kinases have specificity for a variety of substrates including MYOSIN-LIGHT-CHAIN PHOSPHATASE and LIM KINASES.

A proteolytic enzyme obtained from Carica papaya. It is also the name used for a purified mixture of papain and CHYMOPAPAIN that is used as a topical enzymatic debriding agent. EC 3.4.22.2.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.

Abnormal immunoglobulins characteristic of MULTIPLE MYELOMA.

Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Heterodimeric transcription factors containing a DNA-binding alpha subunits, (CORE BINDING FACTOR ALPHA SUBUNITS), along with a non-DNA-binding beta subunits, CORE BINDING FACTOR BETA SUBUNIT. Core Binding Factor regulates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of a variety of GENES involved primarily in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and CELL CYCLE progression.

Cation-transporting proteins that utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis for the transport of CALCIUM. They differ from CALCIUM CHANNELS which allow calcium to pass through a membrane without the use of energy.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.

A non-DNA binding transcription factor that is a subunit of core binding factor. It forms heterodimeric complexes with CORE BINDING FACTOR ALPHA SUBUNITS, and regulates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of a variety of GENES involved primarily in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and CELL CYCLE progression.

One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin interactions.

Evidence for F-actin-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in assembly and stability of the medial actomyosin ring in fission yeast. (1/2643)

Cell division in a number of eukaryotes, including the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, is achieved through a medially placed actomyosin-based contractile ring. Although several components of the actomyosin ring have been identified, the mechanisms regulating ring assembly are still not understood. Here, we show by biochemical and mutational studies that the S.pombe actomyosin ring component Cdc4p is a light chain associated with Myo2p, a myosin II heavy chain. Localization of Myo2p to the medial ring depended on Cdc4p function, whereas localization of Cdc4p at the division site was independent of Myo2p. Interestingly, the actin-binding and motor domains of Myo2p are not required for its accumulation at the division site although the motor activity of Myo2p is essential for assembly of a normal actomyosin ring. The initial assembly of Myo2p and Cdc4p at the division site requires a functional F-actin cytoskeleton. Once established, however, F-actin is not required for the maintenance of Cdc4p and Myo2p medial rings, suggesting that the attachment of Cdc4p and Myo2p to the division site involves proteins other than actin itself. (+info)

Regulation of chamber-specific gene expression in the developing heart by Irx4. (2/2643)

The vertebrate heart consists of two types of chambers, the atria and the ventricles, which differ in their contractile and electrophysiological properties. Little is known of the molecular mechanisms by which these chambers are specified during embryogenesis. Here a chicken iroquois-related homeobox gene, Irx4, was identified that has a ventricle-restricted expression pattern at all stages of heart development. Irx4 protein was shown to regulate the chamber-specific expression of myosin isoforms by activating the expression of the ventricle myosin heavy chain-1 (VMHC1) and suppressing the expression of the atrial myosin heavy chain-1 (AMHC1) in the ventricles. Thus, Irx4 may play a critical role in establishing chamber-specific gene expression in the developing heart. (+info)

Chlamydia infections and heart disease linked through antigenic mimicry. (3/2643)

Chlamydia infections are epidemiologically linked to human heart disease. A peptide from the murine heart muscle-specific alpha myosin heavy chain that has sequence homology to the 60-kilodalton cysteine-rich outer membrane proteins of Chlamydia pneumoniae, C. psittaci, and C. trachomatis was shown to induce autoimmune inflammatory heart disease in mice. Injection of the homologous Chlamydia peptides into mice also induced perivascular inflammation, fibrotic changes, and blood vessel occlusion in the heart, as well as triggering T and B cell reactivity to the homologous endogenous heart muscle-specific peptide. Chlamydia DNA functioned as an adjuvant in the triggering of peptide-induced inflammatory heart disease. Infection with C. trachomatis led to the production of autoantibodies to heart muscle-specific epitopes. Thus, Chlamydia-mediated heart disease is induced by antigenic mimicry of a heart muscle-specific protein. (+info)

Processing of endogenous pre-mRNAs in association with SC-35 domains is gene specific. (4/2643)

Analysis of six endogenous pre-mRNAs demonstrates that localization at the periphery or within splicing factor-rich (SC-35) domains is not restricted to a few unusually abundant pre-mRNAs, but is apparently a more common paradigm of many protein-coding genes. Different genes are preferentially transcribed and their RNAs processed in different compartments relative to SC-35 domains. These differences do not simply correlate with the complexity, nuclear abundance, or position within overall nuclear space. The distribution of spliceosome assembly factor SC-35 did not simply mirror the distribution of individual pre-mRNAs, but rather suggested that individual domains contain both specific pre-mRNA(s) as well as excess splicing factors. This is consistent with a multifunctional compartment, to which some gene loci and their RNAs have access and others do not. Despite similar molar abundance in muscle fiber nuclei, nascent transcript "trees" of highly complex dystrophin RNA are cotranscriptionally spliced outside of SC-35 domains, whereas posttranscriptional "tracks" of more mature myosin heavy chain transcripts overlap domains. Further analyses supported that endogenous pre-mRNAs exhibit distinct structural organization that may reflect not only the expression and complexity of the gene, but also constraints of its chromosomal context and kinetics of its RNA metabolism. (+info)

Myogenic signaling of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase requires the serine-threonine kinase Akt/protein kinase B. (5/2643)

The oncogene p3k, coding for a constitutively active form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), strongly activates myogenic differentiation. Inhibition of endogenous PI 3-kinase activity with the specific inhibitor LY294002, or with dominant-negative mutants of PI 3-kinase, interferes with myotube formation and with the expression of muscle-specific proteins. Here we demonstrate that a downstream target of PI 3-kinase, serine-threonine kinase Akt, plays an important role in myogenic differentiation. Expression of constitutively active forms of Akt dramatically enhances myotube formation and expression of the muscle-specific proteins MyoD, creatine kinase, myosin heavy chain, and desmin. Transdominant negative forms of Akt inhibit myotube formation and the expression of muscle-specific proteins. The inhibition of myotube formation and the reduced expression of muscle-specific proteins caused by the PI 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 are completely reversed by constitutively active forms of Akt. Wild-type cellular Akt effects a partial reversal of LY294002-induced inhibition of myogenic differentiation. This result suggests that Akt can substitute for PI 3-kinase in the stimulation of myogenesis; Akt may be an essential downstream component of PI 3-kinase-induced muscle differentiation. (+info)

Coexistence of mitochondrial DNA and beta myosin heavy chain mutations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with late congestive heart failure. (6/2643)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible coexistence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in patients with beta myosin heavy chain (beta MHC) linked hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) who develop congestive heart failure. DESIGN: Molecular analysis of beta MHC and mtDNA gene defects in patients with HCM. SETTING: Cardiovascular molecular diagnostic and heart transplantation reference centre in north Italy. PATIENTS: Four patients with HCM who underwent heart transplantation for end stage heart failure, and after pedigree analysis of 60 relatives, eight additional affected patients and 27 unaffected relatives. A total of 111 unrelated healthy adult volunteers served as controls. Disease controls included an additional 27 patients with HCM and 102 with dilated cardiomyopathy. INTERVENTION: Molecular analysis of DNA from myocardial and skeletal muscle tissue and from peripheral blood specimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Screening for mutations in beta MHC (exons 3-23) and mtDNA tRNA (n = 22) genes with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis or single strand conformational polymorphism followed by automated DNA sequencing. RESULTS: One proband (kindred A) (plus seven affected relatives) had arginine 249 glutamine (Arg249Gln) beta MHC and heteroplasmic mtDNA tRNAIle A4300G mutations. Another unrelated patient (kindred B) with sporadic HCM had identical mutations. The remaining two patients (kindred C), a mother and son, had a novel beta MHC mutation (lysine 450 glutamic acid) (Lys450Glu) and a heteroplasmic missense (T9957C, phenylalanine (Phe)-->leucine (Leu)) mtDNA mutation in subunit III of the cytochrome C oxidase gene. The amount of mutant mtDNA was higher in the myocardium than in skeletal muscle or peripheral blood and in affected patients than in asymptomatic relatives. Mutations were absent in the controls. Pathological and biochemical characteristics of patients with mutations Arg249Gln plus A4300G (kindreds A and B) were identical, but different from those of the two patients with Lys450Glu plus T9957C(Phe-->Leu) mutations (kindred C). Cytochrome C oxidase activity and histoenzymatic staining were severely decreased in the two patients in kindreds A and B, but were unaffected in the two in kindred C. CONCLUSIONS: beta MHC gene and mtDNA mutations may coexist in patients with HCM and end stage congestive heart failure. Although beta MHC gene mutations seem to be the true determinants of HCM, both mtDNA mutations in these patients have known prerequisites for pathogenicity. Coexistence of other genetic abnormalities in beta MHC linked HCM, such as mtDNA mutations, may contribute to variable phenotypic expression and explain the heterogeneous behaviour of HCM. (+info)

Altered crossbridge kinetics in the alphaMHC403/+ mouse model of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (7/2643)

A mutation in the cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain, Arg403Gln (R403Q), causes a severe form of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) in humans. We used small-amplitude (0.25%) length-perturbation analysis to examine the mechanical properties of skinned left ventricular papillary muscle strips from mouse hearts bearing the R403Q mutation in the alpha-myosin heavy chain (alphaMHC403/+). Myofibrillar disarray with variable penetrance occurred in the left ventricular free wall of the alphaMHC403/+ hearts. In resting strips (pCa 8), dynamic stiffness was approximately 40% greater than in wild-type strips, consistent with elevated diastolic stiffness reported for murine hearts with FHC. At pCa 6 (submaximal activation), strip isometric tension was approximately 3 times higher than for wild-type strips, whereas at pCa 5 (maximal activation), tension was marginally lower. At submaximal calcium activation the characteristic frequencies of the work-producing (b) and work-absorbing (c) steps of the crossbridge were less in alphaMHC403/+ strips than in wild-type strips (b=11+/-1 versus 15+/-1 Hz; c= 58+/-3 versus 66+/-3 Hz; 27 degrees C). At maximal calcium activation, strip oscillatory power was reduced (0. 53+/-0.25 versus 1.03+/-0.18 mW/mm3; 27 degrees C), which is partly attributable to the reduced frequency b, at which crossbridge work is maximum. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the R403Q mutation reduces the strong binding affinity of myosin for actin. Myosin heads may accumulate in a preforce state that promotes cooperative activation of the thin filament at submaximal calcium but blunts maximal tension and oscillatory power output at maximal calcium. The calcium-dependent effect of the mutation (whether facilitating or debilitating), together with a variable degree of fibrosis and myofibrillar disorder, may contribute to the diversity of clinical symptoms observed in murine FHC. (+info)

Age-related changes in contractile properties of single skeletal fibers from the soleus muscle. (8/2643)

Peak absolute force, specific tension (peak absolute force per cross-sectional area), cross-sectional area, maximal unloaded shortening velocity (Vo; determined by the slack test), and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform compositions were determined in 124 single skeletal fibers from the soleus muscle of 12-, 24-, 30-, 36-, and 37-mo-old Fischer 344 Brown Norway F1 Hybrid rats. All fibers expressed the type I MHC isoform. The mean Vo remained unchanged from 12 to 24 mo but did decrease significantly from the 24- to 30-mo time period (from 1.71 +/- 0.13 to 0.85 +/- 0.09 fiber lengths/s). Fiber cross-sectional area remained constant until 36 mo of age, at which time there was a 20% decrease from the values at 12 mo of age (from 5,558 +/- 232 to 4,339 +/- 280 micrometer2). A significant decrease in peak absolute force of single fibers occurred between 12 and 24 mo of age (from 51 +/- 2 x 10(-5) to 35 +/- 2 x 10(-5) N) and then remained constant until 36 mo, when another 43% decrease occurred. Like peak absolute force, the specific tension decreased significantly between 12 and 24 mo by 20%, and another 32% decline was observed at 37 mo. Thus, by 24 mo, there was a dissociation between the loss of fiber cross-sectional area and force. The results suggest time-specific changes of the contractile properties with aging that are independent of each other. Underlying mechanisms responsible for the time-dependent and contractile property-specific changes are unknown. Age-related changes in the molecular dynamics of myosin may be the underlying mechanism for altered force production. The presence of more than one beta/slow MHC isoform may be the mechanism for the altered Vo with age. (+info)

Myosin heavy chain protein. Cardiomyopathy. Diabetes mellitus type 1[1]. Pancreatic beta cell proteins (possibly insulin, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_IV_delayed_hypersensitivity_reaction

Its major substrate is Myosin Heavy Chain. MuRF1 is upregulated during skeletal muscle atrophy - and thus the degradation of ... myosin heavy chain, which is a major component of the sarcomere, is an important mechanism in the breakdown of skeletal muscle ... 2003). "Transient association of titin and myosin with microtubules in nascent myofibrils directed by the MURF2 RING-finger ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIM63

"Entrez Gene: MYH14 myosin, heavy chain 14". Chen AH, Ni L, Fukushima K, et al. (1995). "Linkage of a gene for dominant non- ... 2002). "Evolutionary implications of three novel members of the human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain gene family". Mol. Biol. ... "Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy-Chain Gene MYH14 Is Expressed in Cochlea and Mutated in Patients Affected by Autosomal Dominant Hearing ... "A novel myosin heavy chain gene in human chromosome 19q13.3". Gene. 312: 165-71. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(03)00613-9. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH14

smooth muscle myosin IIA heavy-chain actin activated ATPase 3 μM[24] ... Myosin specificity[edit]. Blebbistatin is a potent inhibitor of nonmuscle myosin IIA and IIB, cardiac myosin, skeletal myosin ... smooth muscle myosin IIB heavy-chain actin activated ATPase 3 μM[24] ... nonmuscle myosin-2 oocyte cytokinesis effective at 300 μM[33] C. elegans nonmuscle myosin-2 acto-myosin colocalization ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blebbistatin

Myosin heavy chains are encoded by a multigene family. In mammals, at least ten different myosin heavy chain (MYH) isoforms ... Myosin-1, also known as 'striated muscle myosin heavy chain 1', is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH1 gene. This ... Class II Myosins are hexameric proteins composed of a pair of myosin heavy chains (MYH) and two pairs of nonidentical light ... "Entrez Gene: MYH1 myosin, heavy chain 1, skeletal muscle, adult". Yoon SJ, Seiler SH, Kucherlapati R, Leinwand L (December 1992 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH1

"Myosin heavy chain pattern in the Akhal-Teke horses." animal 5.5 (2010): 658. VIDEO: Amazing equine trek from Ashkhabad to ... The main reason for this are allegations of a heavy infusion of Thoroughbred blood into the breed to create faster horses for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhal-Teke

This recruitment leads to the repression of the MLC2v (Myosin Light Chain 2 v) and βMHC ( β-myosin heavy chain ) promoter. ... Rindt H, Gulick J, Knotts S, Neumann J, Robbins J (March 1993). "In vivo analysis of the murine beta-myosin heavy chain gene ... Once this complex is formed, these two proteins can regulate the alpha-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) gene expression. The four ... Gupta MP, Gupta M, Dizon E, Zak R (1996). "Sympathetic control of cardiac myosin heavy chain gene expression". Molecular and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TEAD1

Myosin-11 is a smooth muscle myosin belonging to the myosin heavy chain family. Myosin-11 is a subunit of a hexameric protein ... Chicken Myosin-11) at the PDBe-KB. Babu GJ, Warshaw DM, Periasamy M (2000). "Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms and ... 1994). "Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain locus (MYH11) maps to 16p13.13-p13.12 and establishes a new region of conserved ... 2006). "Mutations in myosin heavy chain 11 cause a syndrome associating thoracic aortic aneurysm/aortic dissection and patent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH11

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDK4

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ... myosin light chain,[15] and anillin.[16] KIF14[edit]. The N- terminal of the coiled- coil domain of Citron-K directly interacts ... induces di-phosphorylation of regulatory light chain of myosin II". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 14 (5): 1745-1756. doi: ... myosin regulatory light chain) at the cleavage site in late cytokinesis. Sti is believed to maintain correct RhoA localization ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIT_

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCθ

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-specific_serine/threonine_protein_kinase

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ... Everolimus has O-2 hydroxyethyl chain substitution and deforolimus has a phosphine oxide substitution at position C-43 in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTOR_inhibitor

Myosin-7B also known as myosin, heavy chain 7B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH7B gene. MYH7B is a slow-twitch ... McGuigan K, Phillips PC, Postlethwait JH (2004). "Evolution of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes: evidence from fish". Mol. ... "Evolutionary implications of three novel members of the human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain gene family". Mol. Biol. Evol. 19 ( ... 2010). "Two novel/ancient myosins in mammalian skeletal muscles: MYH14/7b and MYH15 are expressed in extraocular muscles and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH7B

Myosin-15 also known as myosin, heavy chain 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH15 gene. MYH15 is a slow-twitch ... McGuigan K, Phillips PC, Postlethwait JH (2004). "Evolution of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes: evidence from fish". Mol. ... "Evolutionary implications of three novel members of the human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain gene family". Mol. Biol. Evol. 19 ( ... 2004). "Myosin gene mutation correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage". Nature. 428 (6981): 415-8. doi:10.1038/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH15

Giger, JM; Haddad, F; Qin, AX; Zeng, M; Baldwin, KM (April 2005). "Effect of unloading on type I myosin heavy chain gene ... Also, transformations in the myosin heavy chain profile indicated that there was a greater level of hybrid slow/fast fibers in ... Zhou, MY; Klitgaard, H; Saltin, B; Roy, RR; Edgerton, VR; Gollnick, PD (May 1995). "Myosin heavy chain isoforms of human muscle ... Pandorf, CE; Haddad, F; Roy, RR; Qin, AX; Edgerton, VR; Baldwin, KM (15 December 2006). "Dynamics of myosin heavy chain gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiological_effects_in_space

Toydemir RM, Rutherford A, Whitby FG, Jorde LB, Carey JC, Bamshad MJ (2006). "Mutations in embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) ... 2006) showed that mutations in embryonic myosin heavy chain 3 (MYH3; MIM *160270), at 17p-13.1-pter, caused classic FSS ... Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): MYOSIN, HEAVY CHAIN 3, SKELETAL MUSCLE, EMBRYONIC; MYH3 - 160720 b .0001 c .0002 d ... an embryonic myosin residue retained post-embryonically. Of the remaining 6 patients in whom they found mutations, 3 had ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeman–Sheldon_syndrome

Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7). *Aurora kinase *Aurora A kinase ... "Altered phosphorylation state of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase in a branched-chain acyltransferase deficient human ... The second major step in the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, isoleucine, leucine, and valine, is catalyzed by the ... Zhang B, Zhao Y, Harris RA, Crabb DW (1991). "Molecular defects in the E1 alpha subunit of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCKDHA

"Entrez Gene: MYH8 myosin, heavy chain 8, skeletal muscle, perinatal". Bober E, Buchberger-Seidl A, Braun T, et al. (1990). " ... Karsch-Mizrachi I, Feghali R, Shows TB, Leinwand LA (Aug 1990). "Generation of a full-length human perinatal myosin heavy-chain ... Soussi-Yanicostas N, Whalen RG, Petit C (1993). "Five skeletal myosin heavy chain genes are organized as a multigene complex in ... 2004). "Mutation of perinatal myosin heavy chain associated with a Carney complex variant". N. Engl. J. Med. 351 (5): 460-9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH8

Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (45): 44935-48. doi: ... DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELK3

Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) Myosin Light Chain - alkali (MLC1) Myosin Light Chain - regulatory (MLC2) The Immunohistochemical ... Caiozzo VJ, Baker MJ, Huang K, Chou H, Wu YZ, Baldwin KM (September 2003). "Single-fiber myosin heavy chain polymorphism: how ... Baldwin KM, Haddad F (January 2001). "Effects of different activity and inactivity paradigms on myosin heavy chain gene ... Low(er) myosin ATPase, sensitive to alkali. IIa (Fast oxidative/glycolytic, FOG) - High glycolytic, oxidative and myosin ATPase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_unit

... is directly involved in smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMHC) gene regulation. Overexpression of MEF2B will activate ... a component of a smooth muscle-specific complex that binds an A/T-rich element important for smooth muscle myosin heavy chain ... a component of a smooth muscle-specific complex that binds an A/T-rich element important for smooth muscle myosin heavy chain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MEF2B

Myosin heavy chain This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title MYH. If an internal link led you here, you ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH

Myosin is a hexameric protein composed of a pair of myosin heavy chains (MYH) and two pairs of nonidentical light chains. This ... "Human embryonic myosin heavy chain cDNA. Interspecies sequence conservation of the myosin rod, chromosomal locus and isoform ... "Entrez Gene: MYH3 myosin, heavy chain 3, skeletal muscle, embryonic". Alvarado DM, Buchan JG, Gurnett CA, Dobbs MB (Jun 2011 ... Hundley AF, Yuan L, Visco AG (May 2006). "Skeletal muscle heavy-chain polypeptide 3 and myosin binding protein H in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH3

"Entrez Gene: MYH2 myosin, heavy chain 2, skeletal muscle, adult". Schwartz CE, McNally E, Leinwand L, Skolnick MH (1987). "A ... 2002). "Myosin heavy chain IIa gene mutation E706K is pathogenic and its expression increases with age". Neurology. 58 (5): 780 ... Chung MC, Kawamoto S (2005). "IRF-2 is involved in up-regulation of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A gene expression during ... 1998). "Control of AMP deaminase 1 binding to myosin heavy chain". Am. J. Physiol. 275 (3 Pt 1): C870-81. doi:10.1152/ajpcell. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH2

Myosin-9 also known as myosin, heavy chain 9, non-muscle or non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa (NMMHC-IIA) is a protein which in ... Class II myosins include muscle and non-muscle myosins that are organized as hexameric molecules consisting of two heavy chains ... April 2010). "Heavy chain myosin 9-related disease (MYH9 -RD): neutrophil inclusions of myosin-9 as a pathognomonic sign of the ... controlling the myosin activity, and two essential light chains (17 kDa), which stabilize the heavy chain structure. MYH9 is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH9

Myosin II contains two heavy chains (MHC) which constitute the head and tail domains. Each of these heavy chains contains the N ... The myosin light chain phosphatase is inhibited to increase the gain or sensitivity of myosin light chain kinase to calcium. ... myosin II has two heads. In smooth muscle, there is a single gene (MYH11) that codes for the heavy chains myosin II, but there ... Different combinations of heavy and light chains allow for up to hundreds of different types of myosin structures, but it is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_muscle

Approximately 40% of these mutations occur in the β-myosin heavy chain gene on chromosome 14 q11.2-3, and approximately 40% ... Some mutations could have more harmful potential compared to others (β-myosin heavy chain). For example, troponin T mutations ... the most common cause of the disease is a de novo mutation of the gene that produces the β-myosin heavy chain.[citation needed ... The cardiac myosin binding protein C mutation identified in Maine Coon cats has not been found in any other breed of cat with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy

This is achieved by using a type of Cre whose expression is driven by the α {\displaystyle \alpha } -myosin heavy chain ... "Prolonged Cre expression driven by the α-myosin heavy chain promoter can be cardiotoxic". Journal of Molecular and Cellular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floxing

They connected two stationary cycle ergometers back-to-back with a single chain, such that one cyclist pedaled forward and the ... When in a concentric exercise, shortening of a muscle occurs as the myosin and actin cross bridges repeatedly attach and detach ... involving eccentric muscle contraction include walking down a hill or resisting the force of gravity while lowering a heavy ... myosin) and thin (actin) myofilament (muscle filaments or proteins) that overlaps to format a cross-bridge bond (attachment)".[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccentric_training

V Smerdu (Rhagfyr 1994). Type IIx myosin heavy chain transcripts are expressed in type IIb fibers of human skeletal muscle. URL ...

https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyhyr

... typically due to sarcoidosis but may also be due to autoimmune disorders that create autoantibodies against myosin heavy chains ... Once dilation of the atria has occurred, this begins a chain of events that leads to the activation of the renin-angiotensin- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

NF heavy and light chain levels have potential use as a marker of neural degeneration in ALS, but are not specific for the ... Neurofilament light polypeptide (NFL), also known as neurofilament light chain, is a neurofilament protein that in humans is ... NFL chain has significantly increased in MS patients, which substantially strengthens the clinical evidence of the NFL in MS. ... "Multiple neuron-specific enhancers in the gene coding for the human neurofilament light chain". The Journal of Biological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_

... myosin heavy-chain. This study concludes that there is no clear relationship between fiber-type composition and in vivo muscle ... A myosin molecule is shaped like a golf club, with a tail formed of two intertwined chains and a double globular head ... The filaments of actin and myosin then form linkages. After binding, myosin pulls actin filaments toward each other, or inward ... Half of the myosin heads angle to the left and half of them angle to the right, creating an area in the middle of the filament ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myofilament

"Adult human upper esophageal sphincter contains specialized muscle fibers expressing unusual myosin heavy chain isoforms". J. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_esophageal_sphincter

Chung MC, Kim HK, Kawamoto S (2001). "TFEC can function as a transcriptional activator of the nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain-A ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/TFEC

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/PURB

Myosin heavy chains[6]. Studies also show that people are able to tell the strength of men based on photos of their bodies and ... Contrast loading is the alternation of heavy and light loads i.e. a heavy bench press set at about 85-95% 1RM followed by a ... The heavy set should be performed fast with the light set being performed as fast as possible. The joints should not be locked ... The first exercise uses a heavy weight (~85% of 1 rep max) for around five reps, the second a medium weight (~70% of 1 rep max ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_training

Smerdu, V; Karsch-Mizrachi, I; Campione, M; Leinwand, L; Schiaffino, S (Dec 1994). "Type IIx myosin heavy chain transcripts are ... confused methods are histochemical staining for myosin ATPase activity and immunohistochemical staining for Myosin heavy chain ... Myosin heavy chain staining is most accurately referred to as "MHC fiber type", e.g. "MHC IIa fibers", and results from ... A = A-band, region of myosin. I = I-band, region of just actin. H = H-zone, region of just myosin. Z = Z-line, sarcomere ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_fiber

Mutations of a heart muscle protein, α-myosin heavy chain (MYH6) are associated with atrial septal defects. Several proteins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defects

... two or three non-identical heavy chains (depending upon the organism and location in the cilium). Each heavy chain has a ... and several light chains. The force-generating ATPase activity of each dynein heavy chain is located in its large doughnut- ... heavy chain: DNAH1, DNAH2, DNAH3, DNAH5, DNAH6, DNAH7, DNAH8, DNAH9, DNAH10, DNAH11, DNAH12, DNAH13, DNAH14, DNAH17 ... The heavy chains of inner and outer arms of axonemal dynein are phosphorylated/dephosphorylated to control the rate of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynein

Muscle fibers have myofibrils, which are able to contract due to actin and myosin. A muscle together with its tendon and bony ... Pepsin allows for the further breakdown of proteins into amino acid chains.[14] Other enzymes include resin and lipase. ... Secondary characteristics of a stallion include heavier muscling for a given breed than is seen in mares or geldings, often ... area where the curb chain of certain bits is fastened ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy

"Expression profiles of myostatin, myogenin, and Myosin heavy chain in skeletal muscles of two rabbit breeds differing in growth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zika_rabbit

Part of the myosin II structure. Atoms in the heavy chain are colored pink (on the left-hand side); atoms in the light chains ... Myosin XIIEdit. Myosin XIIIEdit. Myosin XIVEdit. This myosin group has been found in the Apicomplexa phylum.[37] The myosins ... Myosin XEdit. Myosin X is an unconventional myosin motor, which is functional as a dimer. The dimerization of myosin X is ... Myosin II contains two heavy chains, each about 2000 amino acids in length, which constitute the head and tail domains. Each of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin

Yang JT, Laymon RA, Goldstein LS (March 1989). "A three-domain structure of kinesin heavy chain revealed by DNA sequence and ... "Crystal structure of the kinesin motor domain reveals a structural similarity to myosin". Nature 380 (6574): 550-5. Bibcode ...

https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinezin

... a 100kDa heavy or B-chain and a 50kDa light or A-chain. The chains are connected by a disulfide bond. ... AU Lalli G, Gschmeissner S, Schiavo G (November 15, 2003). "Myosin Va and microtubule-based motors are required for fast axonal ... The B-chain binds to dissialogangliosides (GD2 and GD1b) on the neuronal membrane and contains a translocation domain which ... The action of the A-chain stops the affected neurons from releasing the inhibitory neurotransmitters GABA and glycine, but also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanospasmin

Smerdu, V; Karsch-Mizrachi, I; Campione, M; Leinwand, L; Schiaffino, S (December 1994). "Type IIx myosin heavy chain ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tissue

"In recognition of his distinguished contributions to the science and technology of heavy water reactors for power generation." ... of the splendid chain of Discoveries in Chemical Electricity, which has been continued for so many years of his valuable life." ... pollen/stigma interactions and acto/myosin transport systems within the pollen tube.". ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/قلادة_ملكية

Myosin heavy chain, human genes MYH7. MYH2. MYH1. MYH4 അസ്ഥിപേശികളുടെ നാമകരണംതിരുത്തുക. അസ്ഥിപേശികളുടെ നാമകരണത്തിന് വിവിധമാർ ... ഓരോ മയോഫൈബ്രിലും ആക്ടിൻ (Actin) എന്നും മയോസിൻ (Myosin) എന്നും രണ്ടിനം തന്തുക്കളാൽ നിർമ്മിതമാണ്. ഈ തന്തുക്കൾ ആവർത്തിച്ചുവരുന്ന ...

https://ml.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/അസ്ഥിപേശി

scope="row",Myosin heavy chain, ,br/,human genes. , [[MYH7]] ,, [[MYH2]] ,,[[MYH1]] ,,[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez ... ഓരോ മയോഫൈബ്രിലും ആക്ടിൻ (Actin) എന്നും മയോസിൻ (Myosin) എന്നും രണ്ടിനം തന്തുക്കളാൽ നിർമ്മിതമാണ്. ഈ തന്തുക്കൾ ആവർത്തിച്ചുവരുന്ന ...

https://ml.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/പ്രത്യേകം:മൊബൈൽവ്യത്യാസം/1703050

... particularly myosin heavy chain protein, in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells has been shown.[7] C2C12 cells were used to elucidate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2C12

The MYH11 gene is responsible for the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and ACTA2 at TAAD4 loci encodes for smooth muscle alpha- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBN1

... myosin heavy chain kinase MHCK MIHC kinase myosin heavy chain kinase myosin I heavy-chain kinase myosin II heavy-chain kinase [ ... myosin heavy-chain] phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and myosin heavy-chain, whereas its two products ... a myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + [myosin heavy-chain] ⇌ {\ ... kinase myosin heavy chain kinase A STK6. Cote GP, Bukiejko U (1987). "Purification and characterization of a myosin heavy chain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin-heavy-chain_kinase

Dictyostelium amebae have been engineered by homologous recombination of a truncated copy of the myosin heavy chain gene (heavy ... so that they lack native myosin heavy chain protein. In the former case, cells synthesize only the heavy meromyosin portion of ... Cell motility and chemotaxis in Dictyostelium amebae lacking myosin heavy chain.. Wessels D1, Soll DR, Knecht D, Loomis WF, De ... These results suggest that myosin heavy chain is involved in the "fine tuning" and efficiency of pseudopod formation, but is ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2838348?dopt=Abstract

... Rev Esp Cardiol. 2006 Oct;59(10):1008-18. ... Introduction and objectives: To determine the frequency of mutations in the beta-myosin heavy-chain gene (MYH7) in a cohort of ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17125710/

Buy our Recombinant Human heavy chain Myosin protein. Ab114308 is a protein fragment produced in Wheat germ and has been ... Each myosin heavy chain can be split into 1 light meromyosin (LMM) and 1 heavy meromyosin (HMM). It can later be split further ... Myosin heavy chain fast skeletal muscle embryonic. *Myosin Heavy Polypeptide 3. *Myosin heavy polypeptide 3 skeletal muscle ... Myosin heavy chain. *Myosin heavy chain 3. *Myosin heavy chain 3 skeletal muscle embryonic ...

http://www.abcam.com/recombinant-human-heavy-chain-myosin-protein-ab114308.html

Myosin-2 heavy chain is two-headed. It self-assembles into filaments. Hexamer of 2 heavy chain subunits (MHC), 2 alkali light ... Myosin is a protein that binds to actin and has ATPase activity that is activated by actin. UniProt ... chain subunits (MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2). Associates with elmoA. UniProt ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/P08799

Rabbit polyclonal heavy chain Myosin/MYH3 antibody. Validated in WB, IHC and tested in Mouse, Rat, Human. Cited in 10 ... Anti-heavy chain Myosin/MYH3 antibody. See all heavy chain Myosin/MYH3 primary antibodies. ... Each myosin heavy chain can be split into 1 light meromyosin (LMM) and 1 heavy meromyosin (HMM). It can later be split further ... All lanes : Anti-heavy chain Myosin/MYH3 antibody (ab124205) at 1 µg/ml. Lane 1 : Human skeletal muscle tissue lysate - total ...

https://www.abcam.com/heavy-chain-myosinmyh3-antibody-ab124205.html

MHCI stands for Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform (cell physiology). MHCI is defined as Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform (cell physiology) ... How is Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform (cell physiology) abbreviated? ... Myosin Heavy Chain Gene II. *Member of the Hotel Catering and ... Myosin heavy chain isoform expression following reduced neuromuscular activity: Potential regulatory mechanisms. ... 1998) Correlation between contractile strength and myosin heavy chain isoform composition in human skeletal muscle. ...

https://www.acronymfinder.com/Myosin-Heavy-Chain-Isoform-

IPR001609 Myosin_head_motor_dom. IPR027401 Myosin_IQ_contain_sf. IPR004009 Myosin_N. IPR008989 Myosin_S1_N. IPR002928 Myosin_ ... IPR001609 Myosin_head_motor_dom. IPR027401 Myosin_IQ_contain_sf. IPR004009 Myosin_N. IPR008989 Myosin_S1_N. IPR002928 Myosin_ ... Myosin heavy chain 13Imported. ,p>Information which has been imported from another database using automatic procedures.,/p> ,p ... tr,F7DEL2,F7DEL2_HORSE Myosin heavy chain 13 OS=Equus caballus OX=9796 GN=MYH13 PE=3 SV=2 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/F7DEL2

... myosin-7B , slow myosin 2 , myHC-2b , myosin heavy chain 2b , myosin heavy chain 4 , myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle, ... anti-Myosin Heavy Chain (Heavy Chain) antibody Primary Antibody Synonym: myosin heavy chain 1 Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat IHC ... anti-Myosin Heavy Chain antibody (HRP) Primary Antibody Synonym: myosin heavy chain 1 Reactivity: Rabbit ELISA, WB Host: Mouse ... anti-Myosin Heavy Chain (N-Term) antibody Primary Antibody Synonym: myosin heavy chain 1 Reactivity: Human IF Host: Mouse ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/abstract/Myosin+Heavy+Chain+Antibody/

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans produces four distinct myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms, A, B, C, and D. The MHC A and MHC ... Immunological identification of the genes encoding the four myosin heavy chain isoforms of Caenorhabditis elegans. D M Miller, ... Immunological identification of the genes encoding the four myosin heavy chain isoforms of Caenorhabditis elegans ... Immunological identification of the genes encoding the four myosin heavy chain isoforms of Caenorhabditis elegans ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/83/8/2305?ijkey=c0fccd737b9b1244b4f1846670ac3070779cb9c0&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Browse our Myosin heavy chain 15 Protein catalog backed by our Guarantee+. ... Myosin heavy chain 15 Proteins available through Novus Biologicals. ... Myosin heavy chain 15 Proteins. We offer Myosin heavy chain 15 Peptides and Myosin heavy chain 15 Proteins for use in common ... Alternate Names for Myosin heavy chain 15 Proteins. Myosin heavy chain 15 protein, MYH15 protein, MYH15 myosin, heavy chain 15 ...

https://www.novusbio.com/proteins/myosin-heavy-chain-15?species=Human

Heavy chain, Unconventional MyosinImported. ,p>Information which has been imported from another database using automatic ... tr,Q19901,Q19901_CAEEL Heavy chain, Unconventional Myosin OS=Caenorhabditis elegans GN=hum-1 PE=1 SV=1 ... IPR001609. Myosin_head_motor_dom. IPR010926. Myosin_TH1. IPR036072. MYSc_Myo1. IPR027417. P-loop_NTPase. IPR025660. Pept_his_AS ... IPR001609. Myosin_head_motor_dom. IPR010926. Myosin_TH1. IPR036072. MYSc_Myo1. IPR027417. P-loop_NTPase. IPR025660. Pept_his_AS ...

http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q19901

Differences in molecular structure among the porcine myosin heavy chain-2a, -2x, and -2b isoforms.. Chikuni K1, Tanabe R, ... Full coding regions for fast type myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms were sequenced from a porcine skeletal muscle to analyze ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22061506?dopt=Abstract

THE GENE STRUCTURES OF SPONTANEOUS MUTATIONS AFFECTING A CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN GENE. David Eide and Philip ... THE GENE STRUCTURES OF SPONTANEOUS MUTATIONS AFFECTING A CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN GENE. David Eide and Philip ... THE GENE STRUCTURES OF SPONTANEOUS MUTATIONS AFFECTING A CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN GENE. David Eide and Philip ... We have isolated spontaneous mutations affecting the unc-54 major myosin heavy chain gene of Caenorhabditis elegans (variety ...

https://www.genetics.org/content/109/1/67?ijkey=b77a303d315f6e27b1e00c2fce75379e409304a6&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Myosin is the major contractile protein in muscle. The myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms are the best molecular markers of ... Myosin heavy chain isoforms in human extraocular muscle. Kjellgren, Daniel Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, ... PURPOSE: To investigate the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition of human extraocular (EOM) and levator palpebrae (LP) muscle ... The extrasynaptical BM of the EOM muscle fibers contained Lna2, b1, b2, g1, a4 and a5 chains. The capillary density in the EOMs ...

http://umu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A142849&c=203&searchType=SIMPLE&language=no&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22organisationId%22%3A%22735%22%7D%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all

SMMHC , myosin heavy chain 11 , myosin heavy chain 21 , myosin heavy chain, smooth muscle isoform , myosin, heavy polypeptide ... anti-Myosin Heavy Chain 2, Skeletal Muscle, Adult Antibodies * anti-Myosin Heavy Chain 3, Skeletal Muscle, Embryonic Antibodies ... anti-Myosin Heavy Chain 11 Antibodies transcription decreases following transformation with mutant p53 [RGD, Feb 2006].. ... anti-Myosin Heavy Chain 11 (MYH11) antibody Rabbit, Monoclonal (MYH11-2303R), IgG, kappa. ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/abstract/Myosin+Heavy+Chain+11+

Browse our non-muscle heavy chain 10 Myosin product catalog backed by our Guarantee+. ... non-muscle heavy chain 10 Myosin products available through Novus Biologicals. ... Non-muscle myosin heavy chain II-B is encoded by the myosin heavy chain 10 gene (MYH10) and non-muscle myosin heavy chain II-A ... Alternate names for Myosin-10 is Myosin heavy chain II-B, cellular myosin heavy chain type B, and NMMHCB.. Bioinformatics. ...

https://www.novusbio.com/common-name/non-muscle-heavy-chain-10-myosin

... less myosin heavy chain Type IIA, and more (p , 0.05) myosin heavy chain Type IIX in the soleus muscles of hindlimb suspended ... Myogenin, MyoD, and myosin heavy chain isoform expression following hindlimb suspension Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 May;70(5 ... Although there was a shift to a faster myosin heavy chain phenotype in soleus muscles from hindlimb suspended rats, there was ... Methods: Myofiber phenotype was evaluated by electrophoretically separating the myosin heavy chain isoforms. Myogenin ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10332949/?dopt=Abstract

Our results showed that simvastatin treatment leads to a reduced amount of rat ventricle ubiquinone and to β myosin heavy chain ... Since we previously demonstrated that chronic statin treatment modifies myosin heavy chain isoform pattern in skeletal muscle ... by the decrease of ventricle ubiquinone content and/or by putative changes in proportion of the different myosin heavy chain ... was aimed at investigating the effects of statin chronic treatment on both ventricle ubiquinone content and myosin heavy chain ...

https://www.scirp.org/Journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=27851

... myosin heavy chain, and desmin [28].. *Twenty-four are clustered around four specific locations in the myosin head that are (i ... Identification of a mutation near a functional site of the beta cardiac myosin heavy chain gene in a family with hypertrophic ... Mutations in embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) cause Freeman-Sheldon syndrome and Sheldon-Hall syndrome. Toydemir, R.M., ... Core binding factor beta-smooth muscle myosin heavy chain chimeric protein involved in acute myeloid leukemia forms unusual ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/4619.html

... myosin heavy chain (AA 1-96) , myosin heavy chain 7 , myosin heavy chain slow isoform , myosin heavy chain, cardiac muscle beta ... beta cardiac myosin heavy chain , myosin 7 , myosin heavy chain slow type 1 (beta cardiac) , beta-myosin-heavy-chain , myosin ... chick atrial myosin heavy chain , heavy polypeptide 7 , myosin heavy chain , MYH-beta/slow , cardiac myosin heavy chain beta , ... beta myosin heavy chain , myHC-slow , myosin heavy chain polypeptide 7 cardiac muscle fetal , myosin heavy chain, cardiac ...

https://www.antikoerper-online.de/abstract/Myosin+Heavy+Chain+7%2C+Cardiac+Muscle%2C+beta+

What is myosin heavy chain IIa? Meaning of myosin heavy chain IIa medical term. What does myosin heavy chain IIa mean? ... Looking for online definition of myosin heavy chain IIa in the Medical Dictionary? myosin heavy chain IIa explanation free. ... redirected from myosin heavy chain IIa) MYH2. A gene on chromosome 17p13.1 that encodes a heavy chain of myosin and is thus ... Myosin heavy chain IIa , definition of myosin heavy chain IIa by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary. ...

http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myosin+heavy+chain+IIa

Myosin Heavy Chain Antibodies Muscle Disease Antibodies Myosin Heavy Chain Antibodies *产品 ... Myosin is a contractile muscle specific protein composed of two heavy and four light chains. The myosin heavy chain has many ... The range of myosin heavy chain antibodies may prove useful for investigating development of intrafusal and extrafusal muscle ... Human skeletal muscle: immunohistochemical staining for myosin heavy chain using NCL-MHCn. Note intense staining of muscle ...

https://www.leicabiosystems.com/cn/ihc-ish-fish/immunohistochemistry-ihc-antibodies-novocastra-reagents/primary-antibodies/products/myosin-heavy-chain-antibodies/

Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIB Mediates Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Entry. Jun Arii, Yoshitaka Hirohata, Akihisa Kato, Yasushi ... Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIB Mediates Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Entry. Jun Arii, Yoshitaka Hirohata, Akihisa Kato, Yasushi ... Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIB Mediates Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Entry. Jun Arii, Yoshitaka Hirohata, Akihisa Kato, Yasushi ... Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIB Mediates Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Entry Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/89/3/1879

What is extraocular muscle myosin heavy chain? Meaning of extraocular muscle myosin heavy chain medical term. What does ... Looking for online definition of extraocular muscle myosin heavy chain in the Medical Dictionary? extraocular muscle myosin ... redirected from extraocular muscle myosin heavy chain) MYH13. A gene on chromosome 17p13 that encodes a heavy chain of myosin ... Extraocular muscle myosin heavy chain , definition of extraocular muscle myosin heavy chain by Medical dictionary https:// ...

http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/extraocular+muscle+myosin+heavy+chain

A sensitive electrophoretic method for the quantification of myosin heavy chain isoforms in horse skeletal muscle: ... Myosin isoforms and muscle fiber characteristics in equine gluteus medius muscle.. *Myosin heavy chain isoforms in adult equine ... Identification of myosin heavy chain I, IIa and IIx in canine skeletal muscles by an electrophoretic and immunoblotting study. ... Identification of myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscle of four Southern African wild ruminants. ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/9420154/A_sensitive_electrophoretic_method_for_the_quantification_of_myosin_heavy_chain_isoforms_in_horse_skeletal_muscle:_histochemical_and_immunocytochemical_verifications_

Levels of circulating smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein.. Results:. Patients with acute aortic dissection who presented ... Levels of smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein can be used to diagnose aortic dissection soon after symptom onset. The ... A rapid 30-minute assay of circulating smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein has been developed as a biochemical diagnostic ... Diagnostic Implications of Elevated Levels of Smooth-Muscle Myosin Heavy-Chain Protein in Acute Aortic Dissection: The Smooth ...

http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/713901/diagnostic-implications-elevated-levels-smooth-muscle-myosin-heavy-chain-protein

Decreased expression of myogenic transcription factors and myosin heavy chains in Caenorhabditis elegans muscles developed ... Decreased expression of myogenic transcription factors and myosin heavy chains in Caenorhabditis elegans muscles developed ... Decreased expression of myogenic transcription factors and myosin heavy chains in Caenorhabditis elegans muscles developed ... Decreased expression of myogenic transcription factors and myosin heavy chains in Caenorhabditis elegans muscles developed ...

https://jeb.biologists.org/content/209/16/3209.short

Evidence for three fast myosin heavy chain isoforms in type II skeletal muscle fibers in the adult llama (Lama glama). Download ... and developmental myosin heavy-chain isoforms.. *Identification of myosin heavy chain I, IIa and IIx in canine skeletal muscles ... Evidence for three fast myosin heavy chain isoforms in type II skeletal muscle fibers in the adult llama (Lama glama).. J ... "Evidence for Three Fast Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms in Type II Skeletal Muscle Fibers in the Adult Llama (Lama Glama)." The ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/11457931/Evidence_for_three_fast_myosin_heavy_chain_isoforms_in_type_II_skeletal_muscle_fibers_in_the_adult_llama__Lama_glama__

Skeletal Myosin Heavy Chain Function in Cultured Lung Myofibroblasts. Journal of Cell Biology, 163, 119-129. ... Myosin Heavy Chain Expression and Oxidative Modifications in Diabetic Rat Hearts. Mai Kuratani, Keita Kanzaki, Noriyuki Yanaka ... Rice, N.A. and Leinwand, L.A. (2003) Skeletal Myosin Heavy Chain Function in Cultured Lung Myofibroblasts. Journal of Cell ... The Cytomegalovirus Enhancer Induces an Immediate Response to the Myosin Light Chain 2v Promoter during P19CL6 Cell ...

https://scirp.org/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=1155709

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans produces four distinct myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms, A, B, C, and D. The MHC A and MHC B proteins are coordinately expressed in the body wall muscle and are incorporated into different regions of a single kind of thick filament. (pnas.org)
Expression of cardiac alpha- and beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms can be altered in response to thyroid hormone as well as by hemodynamic changes imposed on the heart. (nih.gov)
Differences in molecular structure among the porcine myosin heavy chain-2a, -2x, and -2b isoforms. (nih.gov)
Full coding regions for fast type myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms were sequenced from a porcine skeletal muscle to analyze sequence diversity relating to the contractile properties of muscle fibers. (nih.gov)
The myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms are the best molecular markers of functional heterogeneity of muscle fibers. (diva-portal.org)
Methods: Adult human EOMs were studied with SDS-PAGE, immunoblots and immunocytochemistry, the latter with antibodies against six MyHC, 2 SERCA, 2 MyBP-C and 8 laminin chain isoforms. (diva-portal.org)
The modulation of heart contractile properties could be explained by the decrease of ventricle ubiquinone content and/or by putative changes in proportion of the different myosin heavy chain isoforms. (scirp.org)
Since we previously demonstrated that chronic statin treatment modifies myosin heavy chain isoform pattern in skeletal muscle impairing its functional properties, this work was aimed at investigating the effects of statin chronic treatment on both ventricle ubiquinone content and myosin heavy chain isoforms. (scirp.org)
The myosin heavy chain has many isoforms which are specific for different muscles or fiber types, some of which are developmentally regulated. (leicabiosystems.com)
In adult horses, three myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms can be identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunohistochemistry using specific anti-MyHC monoclonal antibodies. (unboundmedicine.com)
Skeletal muscle fiber types classified on the basis of their content of different myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms were analyzed in samples from hindlimb muscles of adult sedentary llamas (Lama glama) by correlating immunohistochemistry with specific anti-MHC monoclonal antibodies, myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) histochemistry, and quantitative histochemistry of fiber metabolic and size properties. (unboundmedicine.com)
Abstract 20476: Cardiac Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms Are Acetylated at Lysine Residues, Resulting in Enhanced Enzymatic and Contractile Activities of the Myosin Motor. (ahajournals.org)
Temperature and the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) and myosin heavy chain isoforms during embryogenesis in the common carp Cyprinus carpio L. (biologists.org)
Embryos of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., were reared from fertilization of the eggs to inflation of the swim bladder in the larval stage at 18 and 25°C. cRNA probes were used to detect transcripts of the myogenic regulatory factors MyoD, Myf-5 and myogenin, and five myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms during development. (biologists.org)
1. We investigated the glomerular expression of three types of myosin heavy-chain isoforms, including S-myosin heavy-chain 40 (SM1), S-myosin heavy-chain 29 (SM2) and FS-myosin heavy-chain 34 (SMemb) in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis. (clinsci.org)
Distribution of fast myosin heavy chain isoforms in thick filaments of developing chicken pectoral muscle. (rupress.org)
Colloidal gold-conjugated monoclonal antibodies were prepared to stage-specific fast myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms of developing chicken pectoralis major (PM). Native thick filaments from different stages of development were reacted with these antibodies and examined in the electron microscope to determine their myosin isoform composition. (rupress.org)
These observations demonstrate that two myosin isoforms can exist in an individual thick filament in vivo. (rupress.org)
1996), Xenopus nonmuscle myosin heavy chain isoforms h. (xenbase.org)
Xenopus nonmuscle myosin heavy chain isoforms have different subcellular localizations and enzymatic activities. (xenbase.org)
There are two isoforms of the vertebrate nonmuscle myosin heavy chain, MHC -A and MHC -B, that are encoded by two separate genes. (xenbase.org)
The two myosin heavy chain isoforms also had distinct localizations throughout mitosis. (xenbase.org)
Baines, Quantification and localization of phosphorylated myosin I isoforms in Acanthamoeba castellanii. (xenbase.org)
In aggreement with previously reported results using avian tissues, we show that the mRNAs encoding the two myosin heavy chain isoforms are differentially expressed in rat nonmuscle and muscle tissues as well as in a number of human cell lines. (ahajournals.org)
Two isoforms of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain have been identified, designated MHC-1 and MHC-2. (biotium.com)
Isoforms of each myosin subunit are expressed in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle, and many are associated with distinct contractile properties in the muscles or single muscle fibers in which they are expressed. (miltenyibiotec.com)
Clenbuterol treatment affects myosin heavy chain isoforms and MyoD content similarly in intact and regenerated soleus muscles. (semanticscholar.org)
We used targeted gene disruption in mice to ablate nonmuscle myosin heavy chain B (NMHC-B), one of the two isoforms of nonmuscle myosin II present in all vertebrate cells. (pnas.org)
In vertebrates, most tissues contain two different isoforms of nonmuscle myosin II, II-A and II-B, which are composed of a pair of heavy chains (200 kDa) and two pairs of light chains (20 and 17 kDa) (reviewed in refs. (pnas.org)
The two nonmuscle myosin II isoforms present in vertebrates differ in the rate at which they hydrolyze ATP and propel actin filaments in the in vitro motility assay ( 17 ). (pnas.org)

To determine the frequency of mutations in the beta-myosin heavy-chain gene (MYH7) in a cohort of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and their families, and to investigate correlations between genotype and phenotype. (nih.gov)
In this case report a family with proven beta-myosin heavy chain mutation (MYH7) with 3 affected family members with huge phenotypic variability is described. (uzh.ch)
Background Previous genotype-phenotype studies have implicated four mutations (R403Q, R453C, G716R and R719W) as highly malignant defects in the beta-myosin heavy chain ( MYH7 ). (onlinejacc.org)
Intriguingly, action potentials of the eMYH knockdown hearts were abnormal in comparison with the alpha and beta myosin heavy chain knockdowns and controls. (worktribe.com)

Dictyostelium amebae have been engineered by homologous recombination of a truncated copy of the myosin heavy chain gene (heavy meromyosin (HMM) cells) and by transformation with a vector encoding an antisense RNA to myosin heavy chain mRNA (mhcA cells) so that they lack native myosin heavy chain protein. (nih.gov)
In the former case, cells synthesize only the heavy meromyosin portion of the protein and in the latter case they synthesize negligible amounts of the protein. (nih.gov)
Myosin is a protein that binds to actin and has ATPase activity that is activated by actin. (rcsb.org)
Each Myosin heavy chain 15 Peptide and Myosin heavy chain 15 Protein is fully covered by our Guarantee+, to give you complete peace of mind and the support when you need it. (novusbio.com)
Myosin is the major contractile protein in muscle. (diva-portal.org)
Myosin binding protein C (MyBP-C), plays a physiological role in regulating contraction. (diva-portal.org)
Myosin II is a hexameric protein that consist of a pair of heavy chain subunits (MHC), a pair of essential light chain subunits (MLC), and a pair of regulatory light chain subunits (RLCs). (novusbio.com)
Muscle myosin is a hexameric protein containing 2 heavy chain subunits, 2 alkali light chain subunits, and 2 regulatory light chain subunits. (antikoerper-online.de)
Zusätzlich bieten wir Ihnen Myosin Heavy Chain 7, Cardiac Muscle, beta Antikörper (70) und Myosin Heavy Chain 7, Cardiac Muscle, beta Proteine (8) und viele weitere Produktgruppen zu diesem Protein an. (antikoerper-online.de)
Myosin is a contractile muscle specific protein composed of two heavy and four light chains. (leicabiosystems.com)
A rapid 30-minute assay of circulating smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein has been developed as a biochemical diagnostic tool for aortic dissection. (annals.org)
Levels of circulating smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein. (annals.org)
Patients with acute aortic dissection who presented within 3 hours after onset had elevated levels of circulating smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein. (annals.org)
Levels of smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain protein can be used to diagnose aortic dissection soon after symptom onset. (annals.org)
We therefore examined the reversible acetylation of the A-band protein, myosin heavy chains (MHCs). (ahajournals.org)
We have reported previously that α-myosin heavy chain (α-MyHC) expressing myocytes (MCs), the predominant MC in adult mouse hearts, hypertrophy under pressure-overload without a proportionate increase in total MyHC protein (T-MyHC) content (Lopez et al, Circ. (ahajournals.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a smooth muscle myosin belonging to the myosin heavy chain family. (genetex.com)
The gene product is a subunit of a hexameric protein that consists of two heavy chain subunits and two pairs of non-identical light chain subunits. (genetex.com)
The pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 [inv(16)(p13q22)] produces a chimeric transcript that encodes a protein consisting of the first 165 residues from the N terminus of core-binding factor beta in a fusion with the C-terminal portion of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. (genetex.com)
Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC) is a cytoplasmic structural protein, which is a major component of the contractile apparatus in smooth muscle cells. (biotium.com)
Most mutations have been identified in the β myosin heavy chain (βMHC) gene, 2-11 and, less frequently, in the genes for cardiac myosin binding protein C, 12 α tropomyosin, 13 14 cardiac troponin T, 13 15 and myosin light chain. (bmj.com)
Mutations in the βMHC (β-myosin heavy chain), a sarcomeric protein are responsible for hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. (portlandpress.com)
To examine the distribution of myosin-binding protein C (MyBP-C) in human extraocular muscles (EOMs) and to correlate the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and the MyBP-C composition of the fibers. (diva-portal.org)
Background- Cardiac myosin heavy chain-α (Myhc), an intracellular protein expressed in the cardiomyocytes, has been identified as a major autoantigen in cardiac autoimmunity. (unl.edu)
Immunoprecipitation assays following mass spectrometry analysis showed that Gn binds to nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC-IIA), a cellular protein with surface expression in multiple cell types. (asm.org)
Phosphopeptide mapping suggested that the same peptide was phosphorylated under both PMA and glyceraldehyde stimulation, which further extends our previous study of the Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation of this protein (Wilson JR, Ludowyke RI, Biden TJ: Nutrient stimulation results in a rapid Ca2+-dependent threonine phosphorylation of myosin heavy chain in rat pancreatic islets and RINm5F cells. (garvan.org.au)
We therefore propose that in beta-cells, in contrast to other secretory cells, phosphorylation of the MHC is more important than that of the RLC for regulation of the myosin II protein complex during insulin secretion. (garvan.org.au)
Nonmuscle myosin H chain IIA is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) on Ser(1917). (garvan.org.au)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of compensatory hypertrophy (CH), heavy-resistance exercise training (HRET), and simultaneous CH and HRET on fast-twitch skeletal-muscle myofibrillar-protein synthesis, myosin heavy-chain (MHC) turnover rate, and MHC-isoform composition in young and old rats. (humankinetics.com)
Heterozygous mutations in the MYH11 gene affecting the C-terminal coiled-coil region of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, a contractile protein of smooth muscle cells (SMC), have been described to cause thoracic aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection (TAAD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). (neurology.org)
The interaction between the calcium-binding protein S100A4 and the C-terminal fragments of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA has been studied by equilibrium and kinetic methods. (le.ac.uk)
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of A431/SIP1 cells expressing green fluorescent protein-myosin IIA, immobilised on fibronectin micropatterns to control stress fibre location, yielded a recovery time constant of around 20 s, consistent with in vitro data. (le.ac.uk)
The position of this residue within the LMM region of myosin suggests that it may be important for thick filament assembly or for accessory protein binding. (sun.ac.za)
Muscle myosin is a hexameric protein that consists of two heavy chain subunits (MHC), two alkali light chain subunits (MLC) and two regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Nonmuscle myosin II is an actin-based motor protein essential to cell motility, cell division, migration, adhesion and polarity. (ecmbio.com)
Nevertheless, the association of MLCs with the neck region of MHCs is necessary for the assembly of the macromolecular complexes that result in the functional motor protein, myosin. (wikipedia.org)

IHC-P analysis of human breast carcinoma section using GTX02683 Myosin Heavy Chain 11 antibody [MYH11/2303R]. (genetex.com)
There are currently no references for Myosin Heavy Chain 11 antibody [MYH11/2303R] (GTX02683) . (genetex.com)
Fujiwara, Fluorescent antibody localization of myosin in the cytoplasm, cleavage furrow, and mitotic spindle of human cells. (xenbase.org)
Mouse monoclonal antibody raised against native myosin heavy chain (slow). (abnova.com)
Immunohistochemical staining for paraffin-embedded human prostate using Myosin heavy chain (slow) monoclonal antibody, clone WB-MHCs (Cat # MAB9513). (abnova.com)
Catalog number key for antibody number 1136, Anti-Myosin, Smooth-Muscle Heavy Chain (MYH11/923 SMMS-1) The prefix indicates conjugation, followed by the antibody number and size suffix. (biotium.com)
Such interaction was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation assay with anti-Fak and anti-heavy chain cardiac myosin antibodies, confocal microscopy of double-labeled isolated cardiac myocytes and immunoelectron microscopy with anti-Fak antibody. (ahajournals.org)
Although an atypical myosin band similar to type IIL (superfast) MHC in rat was identified, it did not react with anti-extraocular MHC antibody. (elsevier.com)
Mouse anti Rabbit myosin heavy chain antibody, clone BGN/04/4471 recognizes rabbit myosin heavy chain. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
The peptide is specifically recognized by Myosin IIA Heavy Chain (a.a. 1936-1950) antibody (MP3791) in ELISA, and has been shown to block the reactivity of MP3791 in Western blot. (ecmbio.com)

We have isolated spontaneous mutations affecting the unc-54 major myosin heavy chain gene of Caenorhabditis elegans (variety Bristol). (genetics.org)
Non-muscle myosin heavy chain II-B is encoded by the myosin heavy chain 10 gene (MYH10) and non-muscle myosin heavy chain II-A is encoded by the Myosin heavy chain 9 gene (MYH9). (novusbio.com)
Morkin, E. (2000) Control of cardiac myosin heavy chain gene expression. (scirp.org)
A gene on chromosome 17p13.1 that encodes a heavy chain of myosin and is thus involved in cytokinesis, cell shape and specialised functions-e.g., secretion and capping. (thefreedictionary.com)
Mutations in the MYH9 gene encoding for the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA result in a spectrum of macrothrombocytopenia disorders with neutrophil inclusions referred to as MYH9 disorders. (thefreedictionary.com)
We cloned the myo2 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe , which encodes a type II myosin heavy chain, by virtue of its ability to promote diploidization in fission yeast cells. (rupress.org)
Mutations in the MYH9 gene, which encodes the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA, have been recently reported in three syndromes that share the association of macrothrombocytopenia (MTCP) and leukocyte inclusions: the May-Hegglin anomaly and Sebastian and Fechtner syndromes. (asnjournals.org)
Indeed, mutations in the MYH9 gene, which encodes the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA, were subsequently identified in patients affected with these diseases ( 9 - 11 ). (asnjournals.org)
Despite their physiological similarities, differential expression of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIB gene (MYH4) exists in the skeletal muscles of these species, which is associated with a different muscle phenotype. (nottingham.ac.uk)
This gene encodes the alpha heavy chain subunit of cardiac myosin. (mybiosource.com)
The gene is located ~4kb downstream of the gene encoding the beta heavy chain subunit of cardiac myosin. (mybiosource.com)
This gene encodes a member of the myosin superfamily. (beds.ac.uk)
An expression profile of human skeletal myosin heavy chain genes suggests that human myosin heavy chain 3 is the functional homologue of the chick eMYH gene. (worktribe.com)

4. We examined whether levels of α-smooth-muscle actin or proliferating cell nuclear antigen correlated with myosin heavy-chain levels in the glomeruli of rats with puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis. (clinsci.org)
Conrad, Relative distribution of actin, myosin I, and myosin II during the wound healing response of fibroblasts. (xenbase.org)
Myo2p shows homology to the head domains and the coiledcoil tail of the conventional type II myosin heavy chain and carries putative binding sites for ATP and actin. (rupress.org)
The involvement of actin and type II myosin in the contractile ring, as well as some additional proteins, has been inferred in various organisms ( 37 ). (rupress.org)
The pancreatic myosin bound to actin and could be dissociated by the addition of MgATP. (biochemj.org)
Under various cellular conditions, MHCK A is recruited to actin-rich cortical sites and is preferentially enriched at sites of pseudopod formation, and thus MHCK A is proposed to play a role in regulating localized disassembly of myosin II filaments in the cell. (uncg.edu)
Collectively, these results indicate that MHCK A recruitment to actin-rich sites could lead to localized activation of the kinase via direct interaction with actin filaments, and thus this mode of kinase regulation may represent an important mechanism by which the cell achieves localized disassembly of myosin II filaments required for specific changes in cell shape. (uncg.edu)
Myosin forms cross-bridges with actin in cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle, and cyclic cross-bridge activity is the basis for muscular contraction. (miltenyibiotec.com)
It is a hexamer composed of two heavy chains, each of which contains an actin-binding site and an ATP hydrolysis site, and four light chains. (miltenyibiotec.com)
Myosin II is a molecular motor that plays a central role in facilitating a broad range of cellular activities in nonmuscle cells by driving contraction of actin filaments. (biomedcentral.com)
In nonmuscle cells, myosin II exists in a dynamic equilibrium between bipolar filaments that can contract apposing actin filaments and monomers that are contraction incompetent. (biomedcentral.com)
Non-muscle myosin contains an N-terminal motor domain responsible for actin binding and ATP hydrolysis, a light chain binding domain and a long C-terminal domain responsible for cargo binding and dimerization of heavy chains. (p2x7.co.uk)
Myosins are actin-dependent motor proteins with diverse functions including regulation of cytokinesis, cell motility, and cell polarity. (beds.ac.uk)
This is despite the knowledge that other structural proteins, such as alpha and beta myosin heavy chains and cardiac alpha actin, play crucial roles in atrial septal development and cardiac function. (worktribe.com)
By contrast, PKC phosphorylation of Ser-1/Ser-2 and Thr-9 in RLC may decrease activated myosin II interaction with actin. (ecmbio.com)

PURPOSE: To investigate the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition of human extraocular (EOM) and levator palpebrae (LP) muscle fibers. (diva-portal.org)
We investigated heat-stress effects on the adult myosin heavy chain (MyHC) profile of soleus muscle fibers at an early stage of regeneration. (ovid.com)

This study functionally characterized the motor domains of five Dilated cardiomyopathy - causing mutations in human beta-cardiac myosin, MYH7. (antikoerper-online.de)
Objective To investigate the possible coexistence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in patients with β myosin heavy chain (βMHC) linked hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) who develop congestive heart failure. (bmj.com)
The most commonly affected is β-myosin heavy chain (MYH7), where missense mutations cluster in the head and neck regions and directly affect motor function. (sun.ac.za)
Comparable mutations have not been described in the light meromyosin (LMM) region of the myosin rod, nor would these be expected to directly affect motor function. (sun.ac.za)
We studied 82 probands with HCM in whom no mutations had been found in MYH7 exons encoding the head and neck regions of myosin nor in the other frequently implicated disease genes. (sun.ac.za)
We conclude that mutation of the LMM can cause HCM and that such mutations may act through novel mechanisms of disease pathogenesis involving myosin filament assembly or interaction with thick filament binding proteins. (sun.ac.za)
Mutations in MYL3, encoding the essential light chain of myosin, are rare and have been associated with sudden death. (sun.ac.za)
Among them are, for example, MYL6B, MYLIP, MYLK, and MYLK2, Several diseases have been associated with mutations in the genes encoding for myosin light chain proteins. (wikipedia.org)

In enzymology, a myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + [myosin heavy-chain] ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + [myosin heavy-chain] phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and myosin heavy-chain, whereas its two products are ADP and myosin heavy-chain phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
Other names in common use include ATP:myosin-heavy-chain O-phosphotransferase calmodulin-dependent myosin heavy chain kinase MHCK MIHC kinase myosin heavy chain kinase myosin I heavy-chain kinase myosin II heavy-chain kinase [myosin-heavy-chain] kinase myosin heavy chain kinase A STK6. (wikipedia.org)
Structural analysis of myosin heavy chain kinase A from Dictyostelium. (wikipedia.org)
Measures: Plasma con-cen-tra-tions of crea-tine -kinase, myo-sin -heavy -chain frag-ments and car-diac tro-po-nins -were meas-ured to diag-nose skel-e-tal and car-diac mus-cle dam-age, respec-tive-ly. (minervamedica.it)
Myosin heavy chain kinase A (MHCK A) is a key enzyme regulating myosin II filament disassembly through myosin heavy chain phosphorylation in Dictyostelium. (uncg.edu)
In both the insulin-secreting cell line RINm5F and rat pancreatic islets, the RLC was basally phosphorylated on the myosin light chain kinase sites (Ser19/Thr18). (garvan.org.au)
Myosin heavy chain kinase (MHCK) A phosphorylates mapped sites at the C-terminal tail of Dictyostelium myosin II heavy chain, driving disassembly of myosin filaments both in vitro and in vivo. (uncg.edu)
Our previous work has demonstrated that the WD-repeat domain of Dictyostelium myosin II heavy chain kinase B (MHCK-B), unlike its counterpart in MHCK-A, is not absolutely required for targeting of the kinase to phosphorylate MHC. (biomedcentral.com)
The results presented here demonstrate that an intrinsically unstructured, and asparagine-rich, region of a MHCK-B can mediate specific targeting of the kinase to phosphorylate myosin II heavy chain. (biomedcentral.com)
Even so, a truncation of MHCK-B lacking its WD-repeat domain, unlike the analogous truncation of MHCK-A, still phosphorylates myosin II up to 20% of the level observed with the full-length kinase [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND: Previously it has been shown that insulin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of myosin heavy chain is concomitant with enhanced association of C-terminal SRC kinase during skeletal muscle differentiation. (rcsi.ie)
Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitors are one of the few peptides that can cross the plasma membrane relatively quickly. (wikipedia.org)
Myosin light-chain kinase Myosin-light-chain phosphatase Myosin+Light+Chains at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Zhang Y (June 2010). (wikipedia.org)

abstract = "An antiserum specific to dog myocardial myosin has been developed against highly purified myosin heavy chains. (elsevier.com)

Discover related pathways, diseases and genes to non-muscle heavy chain 10 Myosin. (novusbio.com)
Characterization of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes. (semanticscholar.org)
article{Wydro1983CharacterizationOS, title={Characterization of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes. (semanticscholar.org)
We report the cloning of cDNAs encoding two different human nonmuscle myosin heavy chains designated NMMHC-A and NMMHC-B. The mRNAs encoding NMMHC-A and NMMHC-B are both 7.5 kb in size but are shown to be the products of different genes, which are localized to chromosome 22q11.2 and chromosome 17q13, respectively. (ahajournals.org)
One of the genes causing this phenotype is cdc4 , which encodes a putative myosin light chain ( 27 ). (rupress.org)
Human cardiac myosin heavy chain genes. (nature.com)
In humans, the two genes encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chains (NMHCs) are located on different chromosomes ( NMHC-A on 22q11.2 and NMHC-B on 17p13) ( 3 , 4 ) and, in a variety of species, these genes are expressed in a tissue-specific ( 5 - 7 ) and differentiation-dependent ( 8 - 10 ) manner. (pnas.org)

Genetic variants in the β-myosin heavy chain encoded by MYH7 involving the so-called "converter region" have been associated with early disease and higher rates of transplant and malignant arrhythmias. (revespcardiol.org)
amplification of MYH7 exons 13 (R403Q), 14 (R453C) and 19 (G716R and R719W), and TNNT2 exon 9 (R92W) was performed by polymerase chain reaction. (onlinejacc.org)
heart failure Myosin heavy chain 7 cardiac muscle-b (MYH7) Mouse studies suggest a cluster of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) encoded by Myh7 loci. (biocentury.com)
Indication Target/marker/pathway Summary Licensing status Publication and contact information Cardiovascular disease Cardiomyopathy Myosin heavy chain 7 cardiac muscle-b (MYH7) Mouse studies suggest RNAi that targets a disease-causing mutation in MYH7 could help prevent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (biocentury.com)

The range of myosin heavy chain antibodies may prove useful for investigating development of intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers and the course of muscle fiber regeneration. (leicabiosystems.com)
At the ultrastructural level, antibodies can reveal architectural details of the myofilament as well as the cytoplasmic and membrane sites of new myosin integration. (leicabiosystems.com)
3. Histological myosin heavy-chain expression was examined using three antibodies against SM1, SM2 and SMemb. (clinsci.org)
A myosin heavy chain polypeptide has been identified and localized in Nicotiana pollen tubes using monoclonal anti-myosin antibodies. (biologists.org)
The epitopes of these antibodies were found to reside on the myosin heavy chain head and rod portion and were, therefore, designated anti-S-1 (myosin S-1) and anti-LMM (light meromyosin). (biologists.org)
The myosin heavy-chain (MHC) composition of developing and adult human aortic smooth muscle (SM) was studied by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence using a panel of anti-MHC antibodies. (scienceopen.com)
Western blotting and immunofluorescence tests performed on bovine brain and other human NM tissues using NM-F6 and NM-G2 indicated that antigenic targets of the two antibodies resembled that of so-called IIB and IIA NM myosin found in the bovine system, respectively. (scienceopen.com)

Cell motility and chemotaxis in Dictyostelium amebae lacking myosin heavy chain. (nih.gov)
Fukui, Myosin I is located at the leading edges of locomoting Dictyostelium amoebae. (xenbase.org)
Fukui, Structure and function of the cytoskeleton of a Dictyostelium myosin-defective mutant. (xenbase.org)
Dictyostelium is currently the only system where mutant forms of myosin can be engineered in vitro, then expressed in their native context in cells that are devoid of the wild-type isoform. (biologists.org)
Studies in Dictyostelium discoideum have established that the cycle of myosin II bipolar filament assembly and disassembly controls the temporal and spatial localization of myosin II during critical cellular processes, such as cytokinesis and cell locomotion. (uncg.edu)
Heavy chain phosphorylation plays a central role in regulating myosin II bipolar filament assembly in Dictyostelium , as well as in higher eukaryotic nonmuscle cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In terms of regulating myosin bipolar filament assembly, our results suggest that factors affecting the activity of this unique region of MHCK-B could allow for regulation of MHCK-B in a manner that is distinct from the other MHCKs in Dictyostelium . (biomedcentral.com)
Studies in Dictyostelium discoideum [ 1 ], and more recently in mammalian nonmuscle cells [ 2 ], have demonstrated that phosphorylation of regulatory sites in the "tail" region of the myosin II heavy chain (MHC) drive bipolar filament disassembly. (biomedcentral.com)
Nonmuscle myosin II has been shown to play a role in cytokinesis in Dictyostelium ( 14 ), in cell shape changes during Drosophila development ( 15 ), and in determining cell polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans ( 16 ). (pnas.org)

However, a number of cells, including rat basophil leukemic cells ( 19 ) and human platelets ( 13 , 18 ), contain only myosin II-A, whereas a monkey kidney epithelial cell line (COS-7 cells) contains only myosin II-B. Furthermore, cardiac myocytes from newborn mice ( 8 ) and primary cultures of embryonic chicken cardiac myocytes were found to contain only NMHC-B and not NMHC-A ( 20 , 21 ). (pnas.org)
The expression and function of embryonic myosin heavy chain (eMYH) has not been investigated within the early developing heart. (worktribe.com)

1998) Correlation between contractile strength and myosin heavy chain isoform composition in human skeletal muscle. (acronymfinder.com)
The myosin isoform composition was more complex in thick filaments from stages of pectoral muscle where more than one isoform was simultaneously expressed. (rupress.org)
Conclusions: These results provide further evidence of the importance of fast myosin isoform composition in the maintenance of dynamic muscle function in later life and particularly for maximal cycling performance. (salford.ac.uk)

Examination of negative-stained preparations showed that this sedimentable myosin consisted of short, bipolar, thick filaments which had a strong tendency to aggregate in a head-to-head manner. (biochemj.org)
Although the roles of myosin in a variety of cell functions are becoming clear, the mechanisms that regulate myosin assembly into functional bipolar filaments within cells are poorly understood. (biologists.org)
We demonstrate that substrate targeting is a conserved function of the WD repeat domains of both MHCK A and MHCK B and that this targeting is specific forDictyostelium myosin II filaments. (uncg.edu)
The latter assay demonstrated that S100A4 binds to the filaments and actively promotes disassembly rather than just binding to the myosin monomer and displacing the equilibrium. (le.ac.uk)
This targeting involves a direct binding interaction with myosin II filaments. (biomedcentral.com)

Myosin heavy chain isoform expression following reduced neuromuscular activity: Potential regulatory mechanisms. (acronymfinder.com)
Ductus Arteriosus: Advanced differentiation of smooth muscle cells demonstrated by myosin heavy chain isoform expression in rabbits. (nii.ac.jp)
Atrial and ventricular myosin heavy-chain expression in the developing chicken heart: strengths and limitations of non-radioactive in situ hybridization. (semanticscholar.org)
Expression of smooth muscle myosin is developmentally regulated, appearing early in smooth muscle development, and is specific for smooth muscle development. (biotium.com)
Stiff matrix induces switch to pure β-cardiac myosin heavy chain expression in human ESC-derived cardiomyocytes. (stembook.org)
This targeting is physiologically relevant since cellular over-expression of the B-Δ-WD truncation, but not the B-Δ-N-WD truncation, leads to dramatically reduced levels of myosin II filament assembly and associated defects in cytokinesis and multicellular development. (biomedcentral.com)
Proctor, DN , Joyner, MJ & Sieck, GC 1996, ' Correlation between myosin heavy chain expression and actomyosin atpase activity in human muscle fibers ', FASEB Journal , vol. 10, no. 3. (elsevier.com)

A myosin light chain is a light chain (small polypeptide subunit) of myosin. (wikipedia.org)

We offer Myosin heavy chain 15 Peptides and Myosin heavy chain 15 Proteins for use in common research applications: Blocking/Neutralizing, Control. (novusbio.com)
Our Myosin heavy chain 15 Peptides and Myosin heavy chain 15 Proteins can be used in a variety of model species: Human. (novusbio.com)
Choose from our Myosin heavy chain 15 Peptides and Proteins. (novusbio.com)
Effects of prolonged strenuous endurance exercise on plasma myosin heavy chain fragments and other muscular proteins. (minervamedica.it)
Although cytoskeletal proteins such as myosin II are implicated in the control of insulin secretion, their precise role is poorly understood. (garvan.org.au)
The antiserum is specific for the heavy chains of myosin, giving a single precipitin line in an immunodiffusion assay for either the heavy chains of myosin or native myosin, and does not react with any other myocardial proteins. (elsevier.com)
Structurally, myosin light chains belong to the EF-hand family, a large family of Ca2+- binding proteins. (wikipedia.org)

Clone REA399 recognizes the human, mouse, and rat cardiac isoform of the myosin heavy chain (MHC) antigen. (miltenyibiotec.com)
In such assays myosin acts as a single, uniform antigen. (elsevier.com)

We have utilized this technology in combination with nested truncation and deletion analysis to map domains of the myosin tail necessary for in vivo and in vitro filament assembly, and for normal myosin heavy chain (MHC) phosphorylation. (biologists.org)

3. Type I fibres contain slow myosin light chains LC1s and LC2 and the slow myosin heavy chain HCI, and types IIA and IIB contain the fast myosin light chains LC1f, LC2f and LC3f and the fast heavy chains HCIIa and HCIIb respectively. (biochemj.org)

Native myosin heavy chain (slow) from rabbit soleus muscle. (abnova.com)
Native Myosin Heavy Chain (fast) from rabbit psoas muscle. (abnova.com)

Rice, N.A. and Leinwand, L.A. (2003) Skeletal Myosin Heavy Chain Function in Cultured Lung Myofibroblasts. (scirp.org)
Changes in the distribution of slow skeletal myosin heavy chain SM1 in developing avian muscle fibres. (ximbio.com)

Hexamer of 2 heavy chain subunits (MHC), 2 alkali light chain subunits (MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2). (rcsb.org)
It also carries the IQ motif, which is a presumed binding site for the myosin light chain. (rupress.org)
Mammalian type II myosin is a hexamer, composed of two copies each of the heavy chain, the essential light chain, and the regulatory light chain (for review see reference 21 ). (rupress.org)
Cardiac muscle myosin is a hexamer consisting of two heavy chain subunits, two light chain subunits, and two regulatory subunits. (mybiosource.com)
We demonstrate that stimulation of fibroblasts with lysophosphatidic acid, which activates rho, induces myosin light chain phosphorylation. (psu.edu)

Feghali, Molecular genetic characterization of a developmentally regulated human perinatal myosin heavy chain. (xenbase.org)

RLCs are phosphorylated at Thr-18 and Ser-19, leading to activation of myosin II motor activity and increased myosin filament stability. (ecmbio.com)

The goal of this project involves the isolation and characterization of a human nonmuscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform and the analysis of the interaction between sarcomeric myosin heavy chain and nonmuscle myosins when co-expressed in the same cell. (yu.edu)

Phosphorylation analysis of these mutants in intact cytoskeletons demonstrates that the carboxy-terminal tip of the myosin heavy chain is required for complete phosphorylation of the myosin tail. (biologists.org)
Like the other insulin secretagogues, however, PMA did promote serine phosphorylation of the myosin heavy chain (MHC) in RINm5F cells. (garvan.org.au)

Here, we show that nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (MyH9) is recruited to LFA-1 at the uropod of migrating T lymphocytes, and inhibition of the association of MyH9 with LFA-1 results in extreme uropod elongation, defective tail detachment, and decreased lymphocyte migration on ICAM-1, without affecting LFA-1 activation by chemokine CXCL-12. (rupress.org)

Synthetic peptide corresponding to Human heavy chain Myosin/MYH3 aa 100-200 conjugated to keyhole limpet haemocyanin. (abcam.com)
Human skeletal muscle: immunohistochemical staining for myosin heavy chain using NCL-MHCn. (leicabiosystems.com)
The cDNA sequence encoding the 5' portion of the NMMHC-A isoform completes the previously published 3' cDNA sequence encoding a human myosin heavy chain, thus providing the cDNA sequence encoding the entire NMMHC-A amino acid sequence. (ahajournals.org)
Objectives: Myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition of human thyroarytenoid (TA), lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA), interarytenoid (LA), vocalis, posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA), and cricothyroid muscles were examined using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western bolt techniques. (elsevier.com)
Synthetic peptide conjugated to KLH derived from within residues 1 - 100 of Human Fast Myosin Skeletal Heavy chain. (abcam.co.jp)
These studies suggest that nonmuscle myosin II-B is required for normal cardiac myocyte development and that its absence results in structural defects resembling, in part, two common human congenital heart diseases, tetralogy of Fallot and double outlet right ventricle. (pnas.org)
NMHC-IIA (a.a. 1936-1950) synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues in the C-terminal region of human myosin IIA heavy chain. (ecmbio.com)

Thus pancreatic acinar cells contain a typical non-muscle myosin, and the subunits of this molecule are subject to post-translational modification by phosphorylation. (biochemj.org)

Conventional myosin ('myosin II') is a major component of the cytoskeleton in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells, ranging from lower amoebae to mammalian fibroblasts and neutrophils. (biologists.org)
Mammalian nonmuscle myosin II comes in three flavors. (beds.ac.uk)

Yeast two-hybrid screening of an adult rat cDNA library revealed an interaction between Fak and C-terminal coiled-coil region of α-myosin heavy chain. (ahajournals.org)
Thus, our present data identify Fak interaction with C-terminal region of myosin heavy chain adding comprehensive data on Fak activation by mechanical stress and mechanotransduction in cardiac myocytes. (ahajournals.org)
Leicester Research Archive: Mechanism of the Ca²+-dependent interaction between S100A4 and tail fragments of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA. (le.ac.uk)

It is thought that MLCK phosphorylates endothelial myosin, leading to cell contraction. (wikipedia.org)

Cheng, Localization of myosin IIB at the leading edge of growth cones from rat dorsal root ganglionic cells. (xenbase.org)

The distinct roles of myosin IIA and IIB under compression stress in nucleus pulposus cells. (beds.ac.uk)

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between lower-limb power output characteristics, muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition, and lean limb volume. (salford.ac.uk)

Heterogeneity and distribution of fast myosin heavy chains in some adult vertebrate skeletal muscles. (ximbio.com)

A smooth-muscle myosin heavy-chain assay is performed in the first 24 hours. (medscape.com)
The smooth muscle myosin heavy-chain assay has greater sensitivity and specificity than transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), CT, and aortography, but it has less sensitivity and specificity than transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), MRI, and helical CT. (medscape.com)
This was confirmed by pulldown assay with GST-C-terminal myosin fragment and native Fak from rat left ventricle. (ahajournals.org)

Anatomy38

Organisms18

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs109

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care1

Evidence for F-actin-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in assembly and stability of the medial actomyosin ring in fission yeast. (1/2643)

Regulation of chamber-specific gene expression in the developing heart by Irx4. (2/2643)

Chlamydia infections and heart disease linked through antigenic mimicry. (3/2643)

Processing of endogenous pre-mRNAs in association with SC-35 domains is gene specific. (4/2643)

Myogenic signaling of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase requires the serine-threonine kinase Akt/protein kinase B. (5/2643)

Coexistence of mitochondrial DNA and beta myosin heavy chain mutations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with late congestive heart failure. (6/2643)

Altered crossbridge kinetics in the alphaMHC403/+ mouse model of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (7/2643)

Age-related changes in contractile properties of single skeletal fibers from the soleus muscle. (8/2643)

Myosin Heavy Chains

Myosins

Myosin Subfragments

Myosin Type II

Myosin Light Chains

Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains

Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB

Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA

Myosin Type V

Ventricular Myosins

Cardiac Myosins

Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch

Muscles

Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

Muscle, Skeletal

Actins

Smooth Muscle Myosins

Myosin Type I

Muscle Fibers, Skeletal

Protein Isoforms

Molecular Sequence Data

Muscle Development

Amino Acid Sequence

Skeletal Muscle Myosins

Myofibrils

Clathrin Heavy Chains

Base Sequence

Rabbits

Actomyosin

Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase

Heavy Chain Disease

Muscle Proteins

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Myocardium

Muscle Contraction

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Molecular Motor Proteins

RNA, Messenger

Chickens

Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase

Adenosine Triphosphatases

Dictyostelium

Gizzard

Sarcomeres

Muscle, Smooth

Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain

Atrial Myosins

Immunoglobulin Light Chains

Tropomyosin

Heterocyclic Compounds with 4 or More Rings

Peptide Fragments

Actin Cytoskeleton

Kinetics

Masseter Muscle

Diaphragm

Isomerism

Cells, Cultured

Cloning, Molecular

Gene Expression Regulation

Phosphorylation

Chick Embryo

Immunoglobulin Variable Region

Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains

Mutation

Myosin Type III

Protein Binding

Cell Differentiation

MyoD Protein

Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain

Oculomotor Muscles

Amoeba

Molecular Weight

Hindlimb Suspension

Phenotype

Dyneins

Immunoglobulin mu-Chains

Heart

Cell Line

Laryngeal Muscles

Genes, Immunoglobulin