Myocardial ischemia. Medical search

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemic areas of the HEART.) Reperfusion takes place when there is spontaneous thrombolysis, THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY, collateral flow from other coronary vascular beds, or reversal of vasospasm.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION), including swelling; HEMORRHAGE; NECROSIS; and damage from FREE RADICALS. The most common instance is MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

Generally, restoration of blood supply to heart tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. Reperfusion can be induced to treat ischemia. Methods include chemical dissolution of an occluding thrombus, administration of vasodilator drugs, angioplasty, catheterization, and artery bypass graft surgery. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.

Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).

Exposure of myocardial tissue to brief, repeated periods of vascular occlusion in order to render the myocardium resistant to the deleterious effects of ISCHEMIA or REPERFUSION. The period of pre-exposure and the number of times the tissue is exposed to ischemia and reperfusion vary, the average being 3 to 5 minutes.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Method in which prolonged electrocardiographic recordings are made on a portable tape recorder (Holter-type system) or solid-state device ("real-time" system), while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It is useful in the diagnosis and management of intermittent cardiac arrhythmias and transient myocardial ischemia.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

Restoration of blood supply to tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. It is primarily a procedure for treating infarction or other ischemia, by enabling viable ischemic tissue to recover, thus limiting further necrosis. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing REPERFUSION INJURY.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood is flowing into the MYOCARDIUM by following over time the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.

A technique in which tissue is rendered resistant to the deleterious effects of prolonged ISCHEMIA and REPERFUSION by prior exposure to brief, repeated periods of vascular occlusion. (Am J Physiol 1995 May;268(5 Pt 2):H2063-7, Abstract)

Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A tissue or organ remaining at physiological temperature during decreased BLOOD perfusion or in the absence of blood supply. During ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION it begins when the organ reaches physiological temperature before the completion of SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS and ends with reestablishment of the BLOOD CIRCULATION through the tissue.

A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752)

Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual return of contractile activity.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Unstable isotopes of thallium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Tl atoms with atomic weights 198-202, 204, and 206-210 are thallium radioisotopes.

A nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

Maintenance of blood flow to an organ despite obstruction of a principal vessel. Blood flow is maintained through small vessels.

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Complications that affect patients during surgery. They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

The chilling of a tissue or organ during decreased BLOOD perfusion or in the absence of blood supply. Cold ischemia time during ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION begins when the organ is cooled with a cold perfusion solution after ORGAN PROCUREMENT surgery, and ends after the tissue reaches physiological temperature during implantation procedures.

A method of recording heart motion and internal structures by combining ultrasonic imaging with exercise testing (EXERCISE TEST) or pharmacologic stress.

One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin interactions.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

The application of repeated, brief periods of vascular occlusion at the onset of REPERFUSION to reduce REPERFUSION INJURY that follows a prolonged ischemic event. The techniques are similar to ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING but the time of application is after the ischemic event instead of before.

A subfamily of the Muridae consisting of several genera including Gerbillus, Rhombomys, Tatera, Meriones, and Psammomys.

Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries. This condition may be associated with ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, trauma, emboli, diseases of the aorta, and other disorders. Prolonged ischemia may lead to INFARCTION of spinal cord tissue.

A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.

One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific protein that binds to TROPOMYOSIN. It is released from damaged or injured heart muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Defects in the gene encoding troponin T result in FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

The mitochondria of the myocardium.

A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.

Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Genetically developed small pigs for use in biomedical research. There are several strains - Yucatan miniature, Sinclair miniature, and Minnesota miniature.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

The pathological process occurring in cells that are dying from irreparable injuries. It is caused by the progressive, uncontrolled action of degradative ENZYMES, leading to MITOCHONDRIAL SWELLING, nuclear flocculation, and cell lysis. It is distinct it from APOPTOSIS, which is a normal, regulated cellular process.

The act of constricting.

A clinical syndrome characterized by the development of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transient ST segment elevation in the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, but with preserved exercise capacity.

Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING; and others.

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.

A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.

A hemeprotein from leukocytes. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to a hereditary disorder coupled with disseminated moniliasis. It catalyzes the conversion of a donor and peroxide to an oxidized donor and water. EC 1.11.1.7.

Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.

Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

ANGINA PECTORIS or angina-like chest pain with a normal coronary arteriogram and positive EXERCISE TEST. The cause of the syndrome is unknown. While its recognition is of clinical importance, its prognosis is excellent. (Braunwald, Heart Disease, 4th ed, p1346; Jablonski Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed). It is different from METABOLIC SYNDROME X, a syndrome characterized by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA, that has increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE contractile properties.

A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996)

A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.

Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.

A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.

A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.

The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)

Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.

Organic compounds containing both the hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals.

The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.

The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.

Diseases that do not exhibit symptoms.

An isoenzyme of creatine kinase found in the CARDIAC MUSCLE.

Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.

10-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.

An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).

Compounds based on N-phenylacetamide, that are similar in structure to 2-PHENYLACETAMIDES. They are precursors of many other compounds. They were formerly used as ANALGESICS and ANTIPYRETICS, but often caused lethal METHEMOGLOBINEMIA.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.

The span of viability of a tissue or an organ.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The dialdehyde of malonic acid.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.

Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.

Tomography using single-photon emitting RADIONUCLIDES to create images that are captured in times corresponding to various points in the cardiac cycle.

The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the heart on a plane of the body surface delineated as a vector function of time.

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.

The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.

Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.

Solutions which, upon administration, will temporarily arrest cardiac activity. They are used in the performance of heart surgery.

Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part.

Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

A class of histamine receptors discriminated by their pharmacology and mode of action. Histamine H3 receptors were first recognized as inhibitory autoreceptors on histamine-containing nerve terminals and have since been shown to regulate the release of several neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous systems. (From Biochem Soc Trans 1992 Feb;20(1):122-5)

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Interventions to provide care prior to, during, and immediately after surgery.

Cell membrane glycoproteins that are selectively permeable to potassium ions. At least eight major groups of K channels exist and they are made up of dozens of different subunits.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

Obstruction of the flow in the SPLANCHNIC CIRCULATION by ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; THROMBOSIS; STENOSIS; TRAUMA; and compression or intrinsic pressure from adjacent tumors. Rare causes are drugs, intestinal parasites, and vascular immunoinflammatory diseases such as PERIARTERITIS NODOSA and THROMBOANGIITIS OBLITERANS. (From Juergens et al., Peripheral Vascular Diseases, 5th ed, pp295-6)

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A species of SWINE, in the family Suidae, comprising a number of subspecies including the domestic pig Sus scrofa domestica.

A malformation that is characterized by a muscle bridge over a segment of the CORONARY ARTERIES. Systolic contractions of the muscle bridge can lead to narrowing of coronary artery; coronary compression; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH.

An in situ method for detecting areas of DNA which are nicked during APOPTOSIS. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is used to add labeled dUTP, in a template-independent manner, to the 3 prime OH ends of either single- or double-stranded DNA. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling, or TUNEL, assay labels apoptosis on a single-cell level, making it more sensitive than agarose gel electrophoresis for analysis of DNA FRAGMENTATION.

The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).

Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.

The period during a surgical operation.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Delivery of drugs into an artery.

An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity, protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the extremities.

A condition of decreased oxygen content at the cellular level.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.

The process by which chemical compounds provide protection to cells against harmful agents.

A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability. Bradykinin is also released from MAST CELLS during asthma attacks, from gut walls as a gastrointestinal vasodilator, from damaged tissues as a pain signal, and may be a neurotransmitter.

A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.

Preliminary administration of a drug preceding a diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical procedure. The commonest types of premedication are antibiotics (ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS) and anti-anxiety agents. It does not include PREANESTHETIC MEDICATION.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The ratio of maximum blood flow to the MYOCARDIUM with CORONARY STENOSIS present, to the maximum equivalent blood flow without stenosis. The measurement is commonly used to verify borderline stenosis of CORONARY ARTERIES.

Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)

VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

One of the minor protein components of skeletal muscle. Its function is to serve as the calcium-binding component in the troponin-tropomyosin B-actin-myosin complex by conferring calcium sensitivity to the cross-linked actin and myosin filaments.

Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.

Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.

An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.

The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.

The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.

AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase. (1/6685)

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in rat skeletal and cardiac muscle is activated by vigorous exercise and ischaemic stress. Under these conditions AMPK phosphorylates and inhibits acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase causing increased oxidation of fatty acids. Here we show that AMPK co-immunoprecipitates with cardiac endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and phosphorylates Ser-1177 in the presence of Ca2+-calmodulin (CaM) to activate eNOS both in vitro and during ischaemia in rat hearts. In the absence of Ca2+-calmodulin, AMPK also phosphorylates eNOS at Thr-495 in the CaM-binding sequence, resulting in inhibition of eNOS activity but Thr-495 phosphorylation is unchanged during ischaemia. Phosphorylation of eNOS by the AMPK in endothelial cells and myocytes provides a further regulatory link between metabolic stress and cardiovascular function. (+info)

Differential regulation of Bcl-2, AP-1 and NF-kappaB on cardiomyocyte apoptosis during myocardial ischemic stress adaptation. (2/6685)

Acute ischemia followed by prolonged reperfusion has been shown to induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In this report, we demonstrate that myocardial adaptation to ischemia induced by repeated cyclic episodes of short-term ischemia each followed by another short duration of reperfusion reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and DNA fragmentation. This was associated with the induction of the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and translocation and activation of NF-kappaB. Another transcription factor, AP-1, remained unaffected by repeated ischemia and reperfusion, but exhibited significant upregulation by a single episode of 30 min ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. This activation of AP-1 was inhibited by a scavenger of oxygen free radicals, DMTU. Thirty minutes ischemia and 120 min reperfusion downregulated the induction of the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA, but moderately activated NF-kappaB binding activity. This was associated with an increased number of apoptotic cells and DNA fragmentation in cardiomyocytes which were attenuated by DMTU. The results of this study indicate that Bcl-2, AP-1 and NF-kappaB differentially regulate cardiomyocyte apoptosis mediated by acute ischemia and prolonged reperfusion. (+info)

Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies are associated with an atherogenic lipid profile. (3/6685)

OBJECTIVE: To determine, within a representative population group of men and women, whether alteration of the lipid profile might underlie the reported association between Chlamydia pneumoniae and ischaemic heart disease. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross sectional survey in an area with a high incidence of ischaemic heart disease. SUBJECTS: 400 randomly selected participants in the World Health Organisation MONICA project's third population survey in Northern Ireland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Stored sera were examined by microimmunofluorescence for IgG antibodies to C pneumoniae at a dilution of 1 in 64. Mean total and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were compared between seropositive and seronegative individuals with adjustment for age, measures of socioeconomic status, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and the season during which blood had been taken. RESULTS: In seropositive men, adjusted mean serum total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were 0.5 mmol/l (9.2%) higher and 0.11 mmol/l (9.3%) lower, respectively, than in seronegative men. Differences in women did not achieve statistical significance, but both total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were higher (3.6% and 5.8%, respectively) in seropositive than in seronegative individuals. CONCLUSIONS: There is serological evidence that C pneumoniae infection is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile in men. Altered lipid levels may underlie the association between C pneumoniae and ischaemic heart disease. (+info)

Cytomegalovirus seropositivity and incident ischaemic heart disease in the Caerphilly prospective heart disease study. (4/6685)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in primary ischaemic heart disease. METHODS: Plasma specimens collected during 1979-83 from men in Caerphilly, south Wales, were analysed for IgG antibodies to CMV by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and latex tests. Incident ischaemic heart disease events were ascertained after five and 10 years from death certificates, hospital records, and ECG changes; 195 incident ischaemic heart disease cases were compared with 216 controls of a similar age drawn from the rest of the cohort. RESULTS: 164 cases (84%) and 180 controls (83%) were seropositive for CMV. Optical density, an indicator of CMV antibody titre, was similar for cases and controls. Among controls, seropositivity was not associated with age, socioeconomic status currently or in childhood, smoking, height, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, or leucocyte count. The unadjusted odds ratio relating CMV seropositivity to incident ischaemic heart disease was 1.06 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 1.79) and was little changed (1.11, 0.63 to 1.97) after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and socioeconomic status currently and in childhood. CONCLUSIONS: CMV infection is unlikely to be a strong risk factor for development of myocardial infarction in middle aged men. (+info)

Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the activation of heat shock factor 1 in ischemic-reperfused heart. (5/6685)

BACKGROUND: The myocardial protective role of heat shock protein (HSP) has been demonstrated. Recently, we reported that ischemia/reperfusion induced a significant activation of heat shock factor (HSF) 1 and an accumulation of mRNA for HSP70 and HSP90. We examined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the induction of stress response in the ischemic-reperfused heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: Rat hearts were isolated and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer by the Langendorff method. Whole-cell extracts were prepared for gel mobility shift assay using oligonucleotides containing the heat shock element. Induction of mRNA for HSP70 and HSP90 was examined by Northern blot analysis. Repetitive ischemia/reperfusion, which causes recurrent bursts of free radical generation, resulted in burst activation of HSF1, and this burst activation was significantly reduced with either allopurinol 1 mmol/L (an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase) or catalase 2x10(5) U/L (a scavenger of H2O2). Significant activation of HSF1 was observed on perfusion with buffer containing H2O2 150 micromol/L or xanthine 1 mmol/L plus xanthine oxidase 5 U/L. The accumulation of mRNA for HSP70 or HSP90 after repetitive ischemia/reperfusion was reduced with either allopurinol or catalase. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that ROSs play an important role in the activation of HSF1 and the accumulation of mRNA for HSP70 and HSP90 in the ischemic-reperfused heart. (+info)

Bradykinin promotes ischemic norepinephrine release in guinea pig and human hearts. (6/6685)

We previously reported that bradykinin (BK; 1-1000 nM) facilitates norepinephrine (NE) release from cardiac sympathetic nerves. Because BK production increases in myocardial ischemia, endogenous BK could foster NE release and associated arrhythmias. We tested this hypothesis in guinea pig and human myocardial ischemia models. BK administration (100 nM) markedly enhanced exocytotic and carrier-mediated NE overflow from guinea pig hearts subjected to 10- and 20-min ischemia/reperfusion, respectively. Ventricular fibrillation invariably occurred after 20-min global ischemia; BK prolonged its duration 3-fold. The BK B2 receptor antagonist HOE140 (30 nM) blocked the effects of BK, whereas the B1 receptor antagonist des-Arg9-Leu8-BK (1 microM; i.e., 2.5 x pA2) did not. When serine proteinase inhibitors (500 KIU/ml aprotinin and 100 microg/ml soybean trypsin inhibitor) were used to prevent the formation of endogenous BK, NE overflow and reperfusion arrhythmias were diminished. In contrast, when kininase I and II inhibitors (DL-2-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethylthiopropanoic acid and enalaprilat, each 1 microM) were used to prevent the degradation of endogenous BK, NE overflow and reperfusion arrhythmias were enhanced. B2 receptor blockade abolished these effects but was ineffective if kininases were not inhibited. B2 receptor stimulation, by either exogenous or endogenous BK, also markedly enhanced carrier-mediated NE release in the human myocardial ischemia model; conversely, inhibition of BK biosynthesis diminished ischemic NE release. Because atherosclerotic heart disease impairs endothelial BK production, in myocardial ischemia BK could accumulate at sympathetic nerve endings, thus augmenting exocytotic and carrier-mediated NE release and favoring coronary vasoconstriction and arrhythmias. (+info)

Labeling of the internal pool of GP IIb-IIIa in platelets by c7E3 Fab fragments (abciximab): flow and endocytic mechanisms contribute to the transport. (7/6685)

Abciximab is a new antiplatelet therapeutic in ischemic cardiovascular disease. The drug, chimeric Fab fragments of a murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) (c7E3), blocks GP IIb-IIIa function. However, its capacity to reach all receptor pools in platelets is unknown. Electron microscopy and immunogold labeling were used to localize abciximab in platelets of patients receiving the drug for up to 24 hours. Studies on frozen-thin sections showed that c7E3 Fab, in addition to the surface pool, also labeled the surface-connected canalicular system (SCCS) and alpha-granules. Analysis of gold particle distribution showed that intraplatelet labeling was not accumulative and in equilibrium with the surface pool. After short-term incubations of platelets with c7E3 Fab in vitro, gold particles were often seen in lines within thin elements of the SCCS, some of which appeared in contact with alpha-granules. Little labeling was associated with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia platelets, confirming that the channels contained bound and not free c7E3 Fab. Endocytosis of abciximab in clathrin-containing vesicles was visualized by double staining and constitutes an alternative mechanism of transport. The remaining free pool of GP IIb-IIIa was evaluated with the MoAb AP-2; flow cytometry showed it to be about 9% on the surface of nonstimulated platelets but 33% on thrombin-activated platelets. The ability of drugs to block all pools of GP IIb-IIIa and then to be associated with secretion-dependent residual aggregation must be considered when evaluating their efficiency in a clinical context. (+info)

An inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase protects neonatal cardiac myocytes from ischemia. (8/6685)

Cellular ischemia results in activation of a number of kinases, including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); however, it is not yet clear whether p38 MAPK activation plays a role in cellular damage or is part of a protective response against ischemia. We have developed a model to study ischemia in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. In this model, two distinct phases of p38 MAPK activation were observed during ischemia. The first phase began within 10 min and lasted less than 1 h, and the second began after 2 h and lasted throughout the ischemic period. Similar to previous studies using in vivo models, the nonspecific activator of p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, anisomycin, protected cardiac myocytes from ischemic injury, decreasing the release of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase by approximately 25%. We demonstrated, however, that a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, SB 203580, also protected cardiac myocytes against extended ischemia in a dose-dependent manner. The protective effect was seen even when the inhibitor was present during only the second, sustained phase of p38 MAPK activation. We found that ischemia induced apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and that SB 203580 reduced activation of caspase-3, a key event in apoptosis. These results suggest that p38 MAPK induces apoptosis during ischemia in cardiac myocytes and that selective inhibition of p38 MAPK could be developed as a potential therapy for ischemic heart disease. (+info)

Myocardial ischemia. Mayo Clinic (25 July 2015). Retrieved on 28 May 2016. Zvejniece, L; Svalbe, B; Makrecka, M; Liepinsh, E; ... specifically in myocardial mitochondria) to survive ischemic stress conditions. This is done by adapting myocardial cells to ... These heart problems may sometimes lead to ischemia, a condition where too little blood flows to the organs in the body, ... "Meldonium cannot improve athletic performance, but it can stop tissue damage in the case of ischemia", the lack of blood flow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meldonium

Silent Myocardial Ischemia. Berlin: SpringerVerlag; 1984; 29-36 The SoS Investigators: Coronary artery bypass surgery versus ... N Engl J Med 1987;316:701-706 Sigwart U: Non-surgical myocardial reduction for hypertrophic obstructive myocardial infarction. ... he created the basis for the automated analysis of hemodynamic data and studied the repercussions of myocardial ischemia and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich_Sigwart

Murphy BP, Stanton T, Dunn FG (May 2009). "Hypertension and myocardial ischemia". The Medical Clinics of North America. 93 (3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry

Murphy BP, Stanton T, Dunn FG (May 2009). "Hypertension and myocardial ischemia". The Medical Clinics of North America. 93 (3 ... and retinal ischemia. These changes are manifested in the retina as microaneurysms, hemorrhages, hard exudates, and cotton-wool ... cerebral ischemia, hemorrhagic or thrombotic stroke, seizure disorder, mass lesions, pseudotumor cerebri, delirium tremens, ... larger vessel or multiple lacunar infarcts due to occlusive small vessel disease resulting in subcortical white matter ischemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_hypertension

Murphy BP, Stanton T, Dunn FG (May 2009). "Hypertension and myocardial ischemia". The Medical Clinics of North America. 93 (3 ... Cardiac disorders such as coronary heart disease, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and ... myocardial infarction, and is one of the causes of sudden cardiac death. It is within the group of cardiovascular diseases of ... interventional cardiology procedure of primary angioplasty is now the gold standard of care for an acute Myocardial infarction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiology

... worsening myocardial ischemia, acute myocardial infarction, and worsening congestive heart failure. Amrinone has good ... May increase myocardial ischemia. Blood pressure, pulse, and ECG should be constantly monitored. Amrinone should only be ... There is a net decrease in myocardial wall tension, and O2 consumption when using amrinone. Amrinone also has beneficial ... Carabello B.A. (1980). "Effects of Amrinone on Myocardial Energy Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Patients with Severe Congestive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrinone

Michel, Thomas (2006) [1941]. "Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia". In Laurence L. Brunton; John S. Lazo; Keith L. Parker (eds ... primary percutaneous intervention early after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the WEST (Which Early ST-elevation myocardial ... Ischemia, a large trial of 5,179 participants followed for a median of three and a half years that was funded by the US federal ... Ischemia did find that stents seemed to help some patients with angina, however. Several other clinical trials have been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_stent

Hollander, Judd (December 28, 2011). "Update on Cocaine Myocardial Ischemia". Casartelli, Alessandro; Dacome, Lisa; Tessari, ... and myocardial contractility, which are major determinants of myocardial oxygen demand. Cocaine and its metabolites may cause ... This can lead to death from acute myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, or heart failure. ... Freeman, Kalev; Feldman, James A. (2008-02-01). "Cocaine, myocardial infarction, and beta-blockers: time to rethink the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocaine_intoxication

Noninvasive Imaging of Myocardial Ischemia. New York: Springer-Verlag. p. 93. doi:10.1007/1-84628-156-3_6. ISBN 978-1-84628-027 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_beam_computed_tomography

Calise J, Powell SR (Feb 2013). "The ubiquitin proteasome system and myocardial ischemia". American Journal of Physiology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSMB3

Calise J, Powell SR (February 2013). "The ubiquitin proteasome system and myocardial ischemia". American Journal of Physiology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSMA3

Yasumasa Kanada, 70, Japanese mathematician, myocardial ischemia. Jack Kramer, 80, Norwegian footballer (Vålerenga, national ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_February_2020

Calise J, Powell SR (February 2013). "The ubiquitin proteasome system and myocardial ischemia". American Journal of Physiology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome_(prosome,_macropain)_subunit,_alpha_1

Calise, J; Powell, S. R. (2013). "The ubiquitin proteasome system and myocardial ischemia". AJP: Heart and Circulatory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSMB5

... rare cases of myocardial ischemia have occurred.[5] They are thus not recommended for people with cardiovascular disease,[10] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraine

Interferon-alpha can cause arrhythmia and myocardial infarction/ischemia. Mortality in HIV-infected patients with ... Myocardial toxoplasmosis causes an increase in the myocardial fraction of creatine kinase (CK-MB). In situ hybridization or ... Circ Res 1994;74:344-8. Barbaro et.al., Incidence of Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Detection of HIV in Myocardial Cells of HIV- ... Furthermore, impaired myocardial growth and left ventricular dysfunction may be immunologically mediated as monthly intravenous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV_associated_cardiomyopathy

Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) Study Investigators (2001). "Effects of ... it was routine for physicians to prescribe hormone replacement therapy for post-menopausal women to prevent myocardial ... effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. ... "Intracoronary autologous bone-marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: the BOOST randomised controlled clinical trial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomized_controlled_trial

Ischemia and infarction[edit]. Main article: Electrocardiography in myocardial infarction. Ischemia or non-ST elevation ... It is usually isoelectric, but may be depressed or elevated with myocardial infarction or ischemia. ST depression can also be ... Inverted T waves can be a sign of myocardial ischemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, high intracranial pressure, or metabolic ... Suspected myocardial infarction (heart attack) or chest pain *ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI)[9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EKG

"The ubiquitin proteasome system and myocardial ischemia". American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 304 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome

... this constitutes a relative contraindication to its use in patients with myocardial ischaemia. Because of the shortcomings of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubocurarine_chloride

If frequent arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia and shock arrhythmias occur, practitioners should change delivery to endotracheal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_arrest

... but can occur as a result of myocardial ischemia. Class III anti-arrhythmic drugs such as sotalol and amiodarone prolong the QT ... The most common cause of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is scarring of the heart muscle from a previous myocardial ... if the individual has a past history of a myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, or recent angina, the wide complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_tach

Usually due to acute myocardial infarction or ischemia, which causes mild mitral regurgitation. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systolic_murmur

... a new frontier in myocardial ischemia" (ABSTRACT). J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 292 (3): 825-30. PMID 10688593. ... of histamine H3 receptors inhibits carrier-mediated norepinephrine release in a human model of protracted myocardial ischemia" ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histaminski_H3_receptor

The most common mechanism of damage is ischemia causing infarction and scar formation. After myocardial infarction, dead ... Echocardiography can also help determine if acute myocardial ischemia is the precipitating cause, and may manifest as regional ... If myocardial infarction is suspected, various cardiac markers may be used.. According to a meta-analysis comparing BNP and N- ... Myocardial infarction ("Heart attack") refers to heart muscle damage due to insufficient blood supply, usually as a result of a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

Meta-analysis of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia and subsequent cardiac events in patients with coronary artery ...

https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaltia_cardiovascular

"Percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes in patients with stable obstructive coronary artery disease and myocardial ischemia ... The heart's muscle cells may die from lack of oxygen and this is called a myocardial infarction (commonly referred to as a ... Limitation of blood flow to the heart causes ischemia (cell starvation secondary to a lack of oxygen) of the heart's muscle ... A region on chromosome 17 was confined to families with multiple cases of myocardial infarction.[117] Other genome-wide studies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ischemic_heart_disease

Cardiovascular system damage can include myocardial ischemia/infarction, acute left ventricular dysfunction, acute pulmonary ... organ system ischemia and dysfunction, and myocardial infarction.[10] Single-organ involvement is found in approximately 83% of ... left ventricular failure and pulmonary edema or myocardial ischemia may occur. [9] ... The resulting ischemia prompts further release of vasoactive substances including prostaglandins, free radicals, and thrombotic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_emergency

Main article: Myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack, is caused by ischemia, (restriction in the ... Limb ischemia[edit]. An arterial thrombus or embolus can also form in the limbs, which can lead to acute limb ischemia.[6] ... in a feline model of intestinal ischemia, four hours of ischemia resulted in less injury than three hours of ischemia followed ... Targeting ischemia/reperfusion injury[edit]. Main article: Reperfusion injury. With reperfusion comes ischemia/reperfusion (IR ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis

A heart attack is also called a myocardial infarction. Myocardial means relating to the heart muscle. Infarction means death of ... If this is not done fast enough, the tissue or organ with ischemia may be too badly hurt, and it might not be able to be saved ... So a myocardial infarction or heart attack is when blood flow to part of the heart stops. Then that part of the heart dies. ... For all of these types of ischemia or infarction, doctors can try to reopen the blocked artery. This may be done by surgery or ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercholesterolemia

... focal cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, and global cerebral ischemia. Prolonged hypoxia induces neuronal cell death via ... Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is being evaluated with the reduction in total and myocardial creatine phosphokinase levels showing a ... a b Richmond, T. S. (May 1997). "Cerebral Resuscitation after Global Brain Ischemia", AACN Clinical Issues 8 (2). Retrieved on ... Focal cerebral ischemia - A stroke occurring in a localized area that can either be acute or transient. This may be due to a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_hypoxia

A 2013 meta-analysis found no evidence that vitamin C supplementation reduces the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, ... "Liposomal-encapsulated Ascorbic Acid: Influence on Vitamin C Bioavailability and Capacity to Protect Against Ischemia- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-ascorbic_acid

Active ischemia. *Angina pectoris *Prinzmetal's angina. *Stable angina. *Acute coronary syndrome *Myocardial infarction ... The increased heart rate also leads to increased work and oxygen demand by the heart, which can lead to rate related ischemia.[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_tachycardia

Ischemia in the heart due to prolonged coronary vasospasm can lead to angina, myocardial infarction and even death. ... This can lead to tissue ischemia and tissue death (necrosis). Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid ... Along with physical resistance, vasospasm is a main cause of ischemia. Like physical resistance, vasospasms can occur due to ... Other medications used to reduce the occurrence and severity of vasospasm and ultimately ischemia include L-type calcium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasospasm

HGF also promotes angiogenesis in ischemia injury.[12] HGF may further play a role as an indicator for prognosis of chronicity ... a potential treatment for coronary artery disease as well as treatment for the damage that occurs to the heart after myocardial ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocyte_growth_factor

As with the A1, the A2A receptors are believed to play a role in regulating myocardial oxygen consumption and coronary blood ... cardioprotective in cardiac ischemia. *inhibition of neutrophil degranulation. *2-(1-Hexynyl)-N-methyladenosine ... The A1, together with A2A receptors of endogenous adenosine play a role in regulating myocardial oxygen consumption and ... The A2A receptor is responsible for regulating myocardial blood flow by vasodilating the coronary arteries, which increases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_receptor

Active ischemia. *Angina pectoris *Prinzmetal's angina. *Stable angina. *Acute coronary syndrome *Myocardial infarction ...

https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/හෘද_රෝග

Active ischemia. *Angina pectoris *Prinzmetal's angina. *Stable angina. *Acute coronary syndrome *Myocardial infarction ... Secondary AF - occurs in the setting of a primary condition that may be the cause of the AF, such as acute myocardial ... ischemia)). Other possible symptoms include congestive heart failure symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, or swelling ... or other underlying conditions such as chronic lung disease or coronary ischemia. An exercise stress test will evaluate the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

Gainer, J (2008). "Trans-sodium crocetinate for treating hypoxia/ischemia". Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. 17 (6): ... myocardial infarction (heart attack), and stroke.[8][9][12][13][14] ... transcrocetinate sodium might prove beneficial in the treatment of a variety of conditions associated with hypoxia and ischemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocetin

Campaign recommended packed red blood cells transfusion for hemoglobin levels below 70 g/L if there is no myocardial ischemia, ... Brain: encephalopathy symptoms including agitation, confusion, coma; causes may include ischemia, bleeding, formation of blood ... can cause myocardial depression, reducing cardiac contractility and causing heart failure. In the gastrointestinal tract, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis

... myocardial infarction resulting from coronary artery disease, etc.) ... Ischemia. *Inflammation. *Cell damage. *Wound healing. Cellular adaptation. Atrophy. Hypertrophy. Hyperplasia. Dysplasia. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_pathology

In patients having myocardial disease or marked hypertension, emetine can be used for amoebic liver abscess, as the benefits ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoebic_liver_abscesses

... such as myocardial infarction secondary to coronary artery disease. In yet other syndromes, the cause is unknown. A familiar ... Ischemia. *Inflammation. *Cell damage. *Wound healing. Cellular adaptation. Atrophy. Hypertrophy. Hyperplasia. Dysplasia. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease

... on cardioprotective and cardiodepressant properties in ischemic preconditioning and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced ...

https://fa.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ویژه:تفاوت_گوشی_همراه/19853288

Rapid rates, though they may be compensating for ischemia elsewhere, increase myocardial oxygen demand and reduce coronary ... Acute myocardial infarction. Sinus tachycardia can present in more than a third of the patients with AMI but this usually ... Tachycardia in the presence of AMI can reduce coronary blood flow and increase myocardial oxygen demand, aggravating the ... Mercury poisoning Kawasaki disease Pheochromocytoma Sepsis Pulmonary embolism Acute coronary ischemia and myocardial infarction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinus_tachycardia

1986). "Silent myocardial ischemia and infarction: insights from the Framingham Study". Cardiol Clin. 4 (4): 583-91. PMID ... ೧೯೮೭). "Diagnostic implications for myocardial ischemia of the circadian variation of the onset of chest pain". Am. J. Cardiol. ... "Apoptosis in myocardial ischaemia and infarction". J Clin Pathol. 55 (11): 801-11. doi:10.1136/jcp.55.11.801. PMC 1769793. PMID ... ೧೯೮೫). "Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial infarction". N. Engl. J. Med. ೩೧೩ (೨೧): ೧೩೧೫-೨೨. doi: ...

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ಹೃದಯಾಘಾತ

Stem cells have successfully been used to ameliorate healing in the heart after myocardial infarction in dogs. Adipose and bone ... "Therapeutic benefit of intravenous administration of bone marrow stromal cells after cerebral ischemia in rats". Stroke. 32 (4 ... Stem-cell therapy for treatment of myocardial infarction usually makes use of autologous bone marrow stem cells, but other ... Kuswardhani R. A.; Soejitno A. (2011). "Bone marrow-derived stem cells as an adjunctive treatment for acute myocardial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_therapy

In 85% of cases it is due to asthma, pneumonia, cardiac ischemia, interstitial lung disease, congestive heart failure, chronic ... myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, or pneumothorax. Patients with COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have a ... cardiac ischemia, abnormal heart rhythms, kidney failure, pulmonary emboli, hypertension, and infections.[14] Treatment efforts ... The most common cardiovascular causes are acute myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure while common pulmonary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyspnea

... oxymatrine has been shown to decrease cardiac ischemia[4] (decreased blood perfusion), myocardial injury,[5] arrhythmias[6] ( ... a b c Shen, X, Yang, Y, Xiao, T, Peng, J, Liu, X. (2011) Protective effect of oxymatrine on myocardial fibrosis induced by ... Oxymatrine protects against myocardial injury via inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in rat septic shock. Mol Mod Rep 7(4): ... Cardioprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of oxymatrine against Ischemic myocardial injuries of rats. Phytotherapy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxymatrine

... causing it to die by ischemia, similar to what happens in an ischemic stroke.[34] Because it is an indirect effect of the ... myocardial fibrosis, valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, heart arrhythmia and peripheral artery disease. Radiation ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiotherapy

Active ischemia. *Angina pectoris *Prinzmetal's angina. *Stable angina. *Acute coronary syndrome *Myocardial infarction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lown–Ganong–Levine_syndrome

... elevated myoglobin has low specificity for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and thus CK-MB, cardiac Troponin, ECG, and ... Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the appendicular musculoskeletal system. ReferencesEdit. *^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myoglobin

Bai, Xiaowen; Alt, Eckhard (22 October 2010). "Myocardial regeneration potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells". ... such as following tissue damage in ischemia, neurogenesis can be induced in other brain regions, including the neocortex. ... "Application of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in six patients with advanced chronic critical limb ischemia as a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_stem_cell

Mesenteric vein thrombosis, which may cause mesenteric ischemia (insufficient blood flow to the intestine) ... "Heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients (excluding stroke and myocardial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venous_thrombosis

Active ischemia. *Angina pectoris *Prinzmetal's angina. *Stable angina. *Acute coronary syndrome *Myocardial infarction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premature_junctional_contractions

Myocardial ischemia reduces blood flow to the heart and may cause chest pain - but not always. Learn all the signs and symptoms ... Causes of myocardial ischemia. Causes of myocardial ischemia. Myocardial ischemia occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle ( ... Coronary artery spasm is an uncommon cause of myocardial ischemia.. Chest pain associated with myocardial ischemia can be ... Myocardial ischemia, also called cardiac ischemia, reduces the heart muscles ability to pump blood. A sudden, severe blockage ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/myocardial-ischemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20375417

Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL ... Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL ...

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/efo/terms?short_form=EFO_1001375

Ischemia is a serious problem where some part of your body, like your heart or brain, isnt getting enough blood. Learn what ... Mayo Clinic: "Myocardial Ischemia," "Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)," "Intestinal Ischemia," "Stroke," "Stress Management." ... You may hear it called ischemic heart disease, myocardial ischemia, or cardiac ischemia. ... Some people have silent ischemia in the heart or brain. This is when you have ischemia, but no pain or any other signs or ...

https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/what-is-ischemia

In order to recognize abnormalities that suggest ischemia or infarction, it is imp ... is an important test used in the clinical evaluation of patients with suspected or known myocardial ischemia or myocardial ... is an important test used in the clinical evaluation of patients with suspected or known myocardial ischemia or myocardial ... ECG tutorial: Myocardial ischemia and infarction. Author. Jordan M Prutkin, MD, MHS, FHRS. Jordan M Prutkin, MD, MHS, FHRS ...

https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ecg-tutorial-myocardial-ischemia-and-infarction

... we present some considerations on the myocardial damage due to a deficit of oxygen supply. In fact, this damage properly ... Ischemia-reperfusion myocardial injury] Arch Cardiol Mex. Oct-Dec 2003;73(4):284-90. ... in a following phase of evolution of the myocardial infarction due to myocardial reperfusion. Its severity is related to the ... During the initial ischemia phase, as well as during reperfusion, metabolic therapy can be very useful as, for example, glucose ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14959454/

Myocardial ischemia reduces blood flow to the heart and may cause chest pain - but not always. Learn all the signs and symptoms ... Medications to treat myocardial ischemia include:. *Aspirin. A daily aspirin or other blood thinner can reduce your risk of ... The goal of myocardial ischemia treatment is to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. Depending on the severity of your ... If you dont have chest pain but are having other symptoms, or are concerned about your risk of myocardial ischemia, you might ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/myocardial-ischemia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20375422

We appear to be no nearer attenuating a potentially adverse core mechanism in the natural history of myocardial infarction. ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/860569

... are that their ability to distinguish the physiologic effects of coronary artery stenosis and to detect myocardial ischemia is ... Kang JW., Ko S.M. (2015) Evaluation of Myocardial Ischemia Using Perfusion Study. In: Lim TH. (eds) Practical Textbook of ... With the advance of CT and MRI, myocardial perfusion is easily and reliably assessed. Myocardial blood flow and volume can be ... CT stress myocardial perfusion imaging using multidetector CT-a review. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2011;5:345-56.CrossRef ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-36397-9_10

Heart Lung and Blood Institutes emphasis on promoting research on rapid detection of the symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia ... Thats a load of bollocks! His-Purkinje system is made of myocardial cells specialized for electrical conduction, hence no ... especially under ongoing ischemia/infarct. Weve contacted the university, who released the attached pictures and the following ...

https://www.medgadget.com/2009/04/scientists_develop_myocardial_ischemia_sensor.html

... Sara Gargiulo,1,2 Adelaide Greco,1,2 Matteo Gramanzini,1,2 Maria Piera ... Sara Gargiulo, Adelaide Greco, Matteo Gramanzini, et al., "PET/CT Imaging in Mouse Models of Myocardial Ischemia," Journal of ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2012/541872/cta/

Pathophysiology of myocardial reperfusion injury. After the onset of acute myocardial ischemia in patients with STEMI, timely ... This form of myocardial injury is characterized in STEMI patients who present with acute myocardial ischemia, in whom treatment ... Myocardial infarction and apoptosis after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion: role of the terminal complement components and ... Schematic illustrating the main proponents of acute myocardial IRI. During acute myocardial ischemia, the absence of oxygen ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/62874

... recurrent myocardial ischemia. Possible mechanisms leading to this complication were evaluated in the light of current ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Steroid-induced-recurrent-myocardial-ischemia/25155001.html

Myocardial ischemia means your heart muscle is not getting enough blood (which contains oxygen and nutrients) to work as it ... Coronary artery blockage causes ischemia. What is myocardial ischemia?. Myocardial ischemia means your heart muscle is not ... What are symptoms of myocardial ischemia?. The most common symptom of myocardial ischemia is angina (also called angina ... What causes myocardial ischemia?. Ischemia is most likely to happen when your heart needs more oxygen and nutrients than it is ...

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17848-myocardial-ischemia

Myocardial Ischemia.. Myocardial ischemia was induced as described in ref. 31. Mice were given gentamicin (0.7 mg/kg i.m.), ... Neuroglobin-overexpressing transgenic mice are resistant to cerebral and myocardial ischemia. Adil A. Khan, Yaoming Wang, ... Neuroglobin-overexpressing transgenic mice are resistant to cerebral and myocardial ischemia. Adil A. Khan, Yaoming Wang, ... Myocardial Ischemia.. Occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADA) produced a transmural infarct affecting ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/103/47/17944

The procedure for nuclear myocardial scanning almost always involves a stress test, a resting scan, and a poststress scan. ... How is nuclear myocardial scanning performed in the workup of myocardial ischemia?. Updated: Aug 07, 2019 ... Direct imaging of myocardial ischemia: a potential new paradigm in nuclear cardiovascular imaging. J Nucl Cardiol. 2008 Sep-Oct ... Drugs & Diseases , Radiology , Myocardial Ischemia - Nuclear Medicine and Risk Stratification Q&A ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/352401-192904/how-is-nuclear-myocardial-scanning-performed-in-the-workup-of-myocardial-ischemia

The aim was to further validate the electrocardiographic imaging method we introduced previously - involving inverse calculation of heart-surface potential

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6164644/?tp=&arnumber=6164644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D6164644

The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP).. Herrett E1, Smeeth L, Walker L, Weston C; MINAP Academic Group. ... Any acute coronary syndrome, including non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20659944?dopt=Abstract

Also known as: Myocardial Ischaemia / Ischemia, Myocardial / Cardiac ischaemia / IHD / Ischemic heart diseases (I20-I25) / ... Ischaemia myocardial / Ischemic heart disease / Ischemia myocardial ... Ischaemic heart disease / Ischemic heart disease NOS / Cardiac ischemia / ...

https://www.drugbank.ca/indications/DBCOND0027897

Myocardial ischemia reduces blood flow to the heart and may cause chest pain - but not always. Learn all the signs and symptoms ... Myocardial ischemia might also cause serious abnormal heart rhythms.. Treatment for myocardial ischemia involves improving ... Coronary artery spasm is an uncommon cause of myocardial ischemia.. Chest pain associated with myocardial ischemia can be ... Myocardial ischemia, also called cardiac ischemia, reduces the heart muscles ability to pump blood. A sudden, severe blockage ...

https://www.sparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/myocardial-ischemia

Punicalagin pre-treatment could protect against ischemia/reperfusion induced oxidative stress and myocardial injury via ... Diseases : Myocardial Ischemia : CK(528) : AC(256). Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic : CK(2905) : AC(1672), ... Punicalagin pre-treatment could protect against ischemia/reperfusion induced oxidative stress and myocardial injury via ... This study aims to investigate whether PUN provides cardioprotection against myocardial I/R (MI/R) injury and the underlying ...

https://greenmedinfo.com/article/punicalagin-pre-treatment-could-protect-against-ischemiareperfusion-induced-ox

experimental myocardial infarction glycogenolysis Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction, All-Union Cardiologic ... Changes in glycogenolysis in the zone of ischemia in experimental myocardial infarction. ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00834234

The effect of myocardial ischemia on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was investigated using isolated, buffer-perfused ... Myocardial ischemia decreases oxidative phosphorylation through cytochrome oxidase in subsarcolemmal mitochondria.. Lesnefsky ... The cytochrome c content was decreased in subsarcolemmal mitochondria after ischemia (ischemia: 0.111 +/- 0.013 vs. ... 0.156 +/- 0.007 nmol/mg protein, P , 0.05). Thus ischemia decreased the rate of oxidative phosphorylation through cytochrome ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9321848

More importantly, impaired UPS performance plays a major role in cardiac pathogenesis, including myocardial ischemia- ... When subject to regional myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, young Ubqln1-CKO mice showed substantially exacerbated cardiac ... Ubqln1-CKO impairs myocardial UPS performance without affecting proteasome peptidase activities at 3 weeks of age. ... Myocardial proteasomal peptidase activity assays. Crude protein extracts from the ventricular myocardium of homozygous Ubqln1- ...

https://jci.org/articles/view/98287/figure/4

... ischemia in a subject monitors the systemic vascular resistance of the subject and detects the presence of myocardial ischemia ... myocardial infarction). Myocardial ischemia is usually accompanied by chest pain (angina). In some cases, however, it is not ... are employed to detect myocardial ischemia. These other methods include:. a. Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Ischemia-- ... increase in the systemic vascular resistance is strongly indicative of myocardial ischemia, in most cases where myocardial ...

http://www.google.es/patents/US4821735?dq=flatulence

Ischemia. Myocardial Ischemia. Coronary Artery Disease. Ventricular Dysfunction. Ventricular Dysfunction, Left. Pathologic ... Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Myocardial Ischemia (MESAMI). The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility ... Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Left Ventricular Dysfunction Genetic: Mesenchymal stem cells Phase 1 Phase 2 ... mesenchymal stem cell therapy in patients with severe chronic myocardial ischemia.10 patients with reversible ischemia on a ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01076920?term=NCT01076920&rank=1

Responses of Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment (REMIT). The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ... Percentage of Participants With Overall Mental Stress-induced Myocardial Ischemia (MSIMI) Description MSIMI is defined by the ... Impaired resting myocardial annular velocities are independently associated with mental stress-induced ischemia in coronary ... Percentage of Participants With an Absence of Mental Stress-induced Myocardial Ischemia (MSIMI) During the 3 Mental Stressors ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT00574847?term=ESCITALOPRAM+AND+Antagonists&rank=61

More importantly, impaired UPS performance plays a major role in cardiac pathogenesis, including myocardial ischemia- ... When subject to regional myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, young Ubqln1-CKO mice showed substantially exacerbated cardiac ... and increased myocardial ubiquitinated proteins without altering proteasome activities, resulting in late-onset cardiomyopathy ... ubiquitination-proteasome coupling and that an inadequacy in the coupling represents a major pathogenic factor for myocardial ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/98287/figure/10

Detection of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Subjects. Frans J.Th. Wackers, Lawrence H. Young, Silvio E. ... Detection of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Subjects. Frans J.Th. Wackers, Lawrence H. Young, Silvio E. ... had evidence of silent myocardial ischemia, including 33 with moderate-to-large myocardial perfusion abnormalities and 30 with ... Detection of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Subjects Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to ...

https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/27/8/1954?ijkey=9f087f6e7754e30b58dc7f56ce52d42762deecb2&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Figure 3: [18F] FDG cardiac PET/CT in a normal mouse (top) and in a mouse with myocardial infarction (lower). FDG cardiac ... while there is an area of absent uptake in the anteroapical region of the mouse with myocardial infarction. ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2012/541872/fig3/

Apoptosis was induced after ischemia-reperfusion in all groups (pre L-IV 0.002±0.004 % vs. post L-IV 0.020±0.017 % p=0.02, pre ... Apoptosis was induced after ischemia-reperfusion in all groups (pre L-IV 0.002±0.004 % vs. post L-IV 0.020±0.017 % p=0.02, pre ... L-IV group received intravenous infusion of levosimendan (65 μg/kg) 40 minutes before ischemia and L-IC group received ... L-IV group received intravenous infusion of levosimendan (65 μg/kg) 40 minutes before ischemia and L-IC group received ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2012.00017/full

Cardiac ischemia Perfusion Infarct Apoptosis Left ventricular Rats Regional myocardial Abstract Cause of myocardial ischemia Presence of myocardial ischemia Ischemic heart Myocardium Causes Myocardial Ischemia Silent myocardial ischaemia Arrhythmias Diagnosis Mental Stress-induced Myocardial Ischemia Pathophysiology Development of myocardial Prevalence of silent myocardial Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Risk of myocardial ischemia Models of Myocardial Ischemia Incidence of myocardial ischemia Dysfunction Conduction block durin Oxidative Stress Severe myocardial ischemia Exercise-induced myocardial Transient myocardial ischemia Preventing myocardial reperf Mitochondrial Oxygen Detection of myocardial Protective effects on myocardial Angina pectoris Echocardiography Viability Recurrent Mechanisms Detect Severity Ventricular Protects Interventions Decreases Acute coronary Vivo Hypoxia Management of myocardial Coronary arteries Patients with coronary artery Injury Atherosclerosis Asymptomatic patients METHODS Blood flow

Myocardial ischemia, also called cardiac ischemia, reduces the heart muscle's ability to pump blood. (mayoclinic.org)
You may hear it called ischemic heart disease , myocardial ischemia, or cardiac ischemia. (webmd.com)
Lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle lead to cardiac ischemia, also called myocardial ischemia. (marketresearch.com)
Myocardial ischemia or cardiac ischemia is a medical condition characterized by a partial or complete blockage of the heart's arteries thus, reducing the flow of blood to the heart. (medgadget.com)
Coronary ischemia, myocardial ischemia, or cardiac ischemia, is a medical term for a reduced blood flow in the coronary circulation through the coronary arteries. (wikipedia.org)

With the advance of CT and MRI, myocardial perfusion is easily and reliably assessed. (springer.com)
Coelho-Filho OR, Rickers C, Kwong RY, Jerosch-Herold M. MR myocardial perfusion imaging. (springer.com)
CT stress myocardial perfusion imaging using multidetector CT-a review. (springer.com)
A stepwise approach to the visual interpretation of CT-based myocardial perfusion. (springer.com)
Ko S.M. (2015) Evaluation of Myocardial Ischemia Using Perfusion Study. (springer.com)
The prevalence of ischemia in 522 patients randomized to stress testing was assessed by adenosine technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission-computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging. (diabetesjournals.org)
RESULTS -A total of 113 patients (22%) had silent ischemia, including 83 with regional myocardial perfusion abnormalities and 30 with normal perfusion but other abnormalities (i.e., adenosine-induced ST-segment depression, ventricular dilation, or rest ventricular dysfunction). (diabetesjournals.org)
The Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) study was designed to determine the prevalence and severity of inducible myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes, using adenosine-stress single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging as well as clinical and laboratory predictors of abnormal test results. (diabetesjournals.org)
Our results suggested that pigs received levosimendan displayed a markedly improved cell survival post I-R. The effect on cardiac contractility was only significant in our perfusion heart model when levosimendan was delivered intravenously before ischemia. (frontiersin.org)
Silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is common in this population ( 1 ), and a large body of evidence attests to the high diagnostic yield of stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for the prediction of major coronary events ( 2 , 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Rest and stress myocardial perfusion images were acquired at the appropriate time intervals after intravenous radiopharmaceutical administration (10 mCi at rest and 30 mCi at peak stress). (appliedradiology.com)
Myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and stress is a mainstay of noninvasive diagnosis to detect coronary artery stenosis requiring intervention. (appliedradiology.com)
The study above demonstrates the improved accuracy of 128×128 myocardial perfusion SPECT-CT utilizing half the usual data. (appliedradiology.com)
Improved outcome prediction by SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging after CT attenuation correction. (appliedradiology.com)
Normal stress-only versus standard stress/rest myocardial perfusion imaging: similar patient mortality with reduced radiation exposure. (appliedradiology.com)
The researchers used myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and during the stress tests to examine differences by sex and age. (healio.com)
In isolated rat hearts with ischemia-reperfusion injuries, perfusion with bradykinin (BK) reduces the duration and incidence of ventricular fibrillation, improves cardiodynamics, reduces release of cytosolic enzymes, and preserves energy-rich phosphates and glycogen stores. (diabetesjournals.org)
Among the techniques of nuclear cardiology, myocardial perfusion imaging is the most widely used. (medscape.com)
The assessment of myocardial perfusion and function using PET and hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging is becoming more available as the cost of the technology decreases and as positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals become more available. (medscape.com)
One potentially important physiologic parameter obtained by these newer technologies is the myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR). (medscape.com)
In patients with ischemic heart disease who undergo revascularization based on PET viability assessment with fludeoxyglucose F-18 (F-18 FDG), those with a low myocardial perfusion reserve were at an increased risk of adverse cardiac events. (medscape.com)
Currently, nuclear myocardial scans include both perfusion and gated wall motion images. (medscape.com)
Myocardial ischemia can be identified by metabolic alterations detected with PET imaging, perfusion defect reversibility detected by CMR with adenosine/Lexisan, dipyridamole or dobutamine, regional wall motion abnormalities seen by echocardiography and CMR, or ECG changes detected by standard stress test treadmill. (appliedradiology.com)
Coronary vasodilators- Adenosine, regadenosine, and dipyrimadole are coronary vasodilators used for assessment of myocardial perfusion with CMR. (appliedradiology.com)
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the lesion in which the blood perfusion is restored after the myocardial blood supply is interrupted for a certain period, leading to the injury or dysfunction in ischemic area 1 . (scielo.br)
Area of ischemia assessed by physicians and software packages from myocardial perfusion scintigrams. (lu.se)
Animals were divided into three groups: normal controls (Group I - n = 6), total ischemia (Group II - n = 8), and stunning (Group III - n = 6) induced by coronary occlusion with distal coronary perfusion maintained via a perfusion catheter coupled to a roller pump (Group III). (diva-portal.org)

The investigators believe that their sensor might open new possibilities to study the myocardium under a variety of conditions, especially under ongoing ischemia/infarct. (medgadget.com)
Although the process of myocardial reperfusion continues to improve with more timely and effective reperfusion and with advances in PCI technology and antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents for maintaining the patency of the infarct-related coronary artery, there is still no effective therapy for preventing myocardial reperfusion injury. (jci.org)
In studies on rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion ( 16 ), intraventricular administration of a Ngb antisense oligonucleotide increased infarct volume and associated neurological deficits, whereas a Ngb-expressing adeno-associated vector, delivered intracerebrally, reduced infarct size and neurological impairment. (pnas.org)
When subject to regional myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, young Ubqln1-CKO mice showed substantially exacerbated cardiac malfunction and enlarged infarct size, and conversely, mice with transgenic Ubqln1 overexpression displayed attenuated IRI. (jci.org)
Also, no differences were observed in histological myocardial fibrosis, infarct size and myocyte hypertrophy between the groups.Blockade of the IL-6R receptor by the monoclonal MR16-1 antibody for four weeks started directly after I/R injury did not prevent the process of cardiac remodeling in mice, but rather associated with a deterioration in the process of adverse cardiac remodeling. (doaj.org)
It is well known that the inhibition of ACE has cardioprotective effects, such as improvement in cardiac function under the condition of heart failure, attenuation of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy, reduction in myocardial infarct size, and prevention of reperfusion injury. (ahajournals.org)
Compared with sham-operated mice, cardiac function was significantly depressed, and myocardial infarct size and apoptosis increased in SN mice following MI/R. The aggravated MI/R injury was further intensified in APN-knockout mice and markedly ameliorated by treatment with gAd but not fAd. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Myocradial blood flow and heart function were monitored over the period of I/R. Myocardial infarct size, structure and apoptosis, energy metabolism, and change in RhoA signaling pathway were evaluated 90 min after reperfusion. (frontiersin.org)
At the end of reperfusion, myocardial infarct size and biochemical changes were compared. (scielo.br)
In a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induced by I/R, administration of C1INH protected against cardiomyocytic apoptosis via normalization of ratio of the Bcl-2/Bax expression in the myocardial infarct area. (diva-portal.org)
C1INH improved parameters of cardiac function and hemodynamics and reduced myocardial infarct size (MIS). (diva-portal.org)
In conclusion, EMPA can trigger AMPK signaling pathways and modulate myocardial contractility and reduce myocardial infarct size caused by ischemia and reperfusion independent of hypoglycemic effect. (medworm.com)
Curculigoside pre‑treatment significantly improved cell viability, decreased cell apoptosis and LDH activity, and reduced the infarct size and myocardial apoptosis in vitro and ex vivo, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)

In this report, we characterized the myocardial protective of levosimendan in preventing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and post-operative stunning in an experimental ischemia-reperfusion model. (frontiersin.org)
Levels of apoptosis were significantly increased in Control pigs that did not receive any levosimendan (0.062 ± 0.044%) relative to those received levosimendan either before (0.02 ± 0.017%, p = 0.03) or during (0.02 ± 0.017%, p = 0.03) the ischemia phase. (frontiersin.org)
Conclusion Calpain inhibitor PD150606 decreases myocardial apoptosis induced by I/R. Our data suggest that calpain activation may play a critical role in the development of myocardial I/R. (bmj.com)
These results indicate that kallikrein gene delivery protects against myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmias, and apoptosis in ischemia/reperfusion injury via kinin-cGMP signal pathway. (ahajournals.org)
Although reperfusion salvages the myocardium, it also initiates a series of events that result in ventricular arrhythmia and accelerate myocardial apoptosis and necrosis. (ahajournals.org)
8 Ischemic occlusion/reperfusion can induce apoptosis in the myocardium, whereas inhibition of caspase activity has been shown to attenuate both ischemia/reperfusion injury and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. (ahajournals.org)
17 18 In this study, we examined the potential roles of the tissue kallikrein-kinin system in ischemia/reperfusion injury through the delivery of the human tissue kallikrein gene and show that adenovirus-mediated kallikrein gene delivery significantly attenuated myocardial infarction and apoptosis after ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. (ahajournals.org)
Protection against in vivo focal myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced arrhythmias and apoptosis by hesperidin. (life-enhancement.com)
Rg1 prevented I/R-elicited insults in myocardium, including myocardial infarction and apoptosis, decreased myocardial blood flow (MBF) and heart function, and alteration in myocardium structure. (frontiersin.org)
These results indicated that Rg1 had protective potential against I/R-induced myocardial injury, which may be related to inhibiting myocardial apoptosis and modulating energy metabolism through binding to RhoA. (frontiersin.org)
Complement activation augments myocardial cell injury and apoptosis during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), whereas complement system inhibition with C1 inhibitor (C1INH), a serine protease inhibitor, exerts markedly cardioprotective effects. (diva-portal.org)
It was noted that in the in vitro model, cell death was predominantly necrotic with only a minority of cells undergoing apoptosis, and as the degree of ischaemia increased cell death was 100% necrotic. (bl.uk)

Longitudinal left ventricular contraction in pigs that received levosimendan before ischemia (0.75 ± 0.12 mm) was significantly higher than those received levosimendan during ischemia (0.53 ± 0.11 mm, p = 0.003) or Control pigs (0.54 ± 0.11 mm, p = 0.01). (frontiersin.org)
Myocardial structure of left ventricular segments with recurrent myocardial ischemia was evaluated by morphometry and compared with that of segments with normal blood supply in 15 patients with exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. (ahajournals.org)
The relationship of electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia and left ventricular hypertrophy to the presence of carotid atherosclerosis was prospectively studied in 349 asymptomatic subjects who underwent echocardiography and carotid ultrasonography. (ahajournals.org)
Logistic regression analysis, including standard risk factors, revealed that both ischemia and hypertrophy on the electrocardiogram remained significant independent predictors of the presence of carotid atherosclerosis, along with age and echocardiographic left ventricular mass. (ahajournals.org)
These findings suggest that the associations of ischemia and left ventricular hypertrophy with carotid atherosclerosis may contribute to the increased incidence of coronary events in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. (ahajournals.org)
We evaluated if IL-6R blockade by a monoclonal antibody (MR16-1) prevents the heart from adverse left ventricular remodeling in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).CJ57/BL6 mice underwent I/R injury (left coronary artery ligation for 45 minutes) or sham surgery, and thereafter received MR16-1 (2mg/mouse) 5 minutes before reperfusion and 0.5mg/mouse weekly during four weeks, or control IgG treatment. (doaj.org)
However, the study investigators did note that association between escitalopram and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia improvement disappeared after adjustment for sex and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). (acc.org)
5. An integrated clinical classification for ischemic heart disease: A combined assessment of severity of coronary disease, left ventricular function and myocardial ischemia. (booktopia.com.au)
To quantify motion and deformation asynchrony using Doppler myocardial imaging (DMI) during acute total ischemia, and stunning of the posterior left ventricular wall (PW) in comparison with the interventricular septum (IVS). (diva-portal.org)

Shiao Ding, Yang Yang, and Ju Mei, "Protective Effects of L-Malate against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats," Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine , vol. 2016, Article ID 3803657, 9 pages, 2016. (hindawi.com)
Adult male SD rats ( n = 8/each group) were randomized: group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IR, 30-min ischemia/72 h reperfusion), group 3 (IR-SS31 (2 mg intra-peritoneal injection at 30 min/24 h/48 h after IR)), group 4 (IR-mitochondria (2 mg/derived from donor liver/intra-venous administration/30 min after IR procedure)), and group 5 (IR-SS31-mitochondria). (mdpi.com)
They had the same surgical procedures as the experimental rats, but did not have their coronary artery ligated (no ischemia). (life-enhancement.com)
Bosentan significantly improved myocardial function during reperfusion in rats and in wild-type mice, but not in eNOS-deficient mice. (unboundmedicine.com)
In anesthetized rats and dogs with coronary artery ligation and in human patients with myocardial infarction, kinin plasma levels are increased. (diabetesjournals.org)
To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of the Heart Meridian on electrical activities of neck sympathetic and vagal nerves in acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) rats. (unboundmedicine.com)
The left anterior descending branch (LADB) of the coronary artery was occluded to make an acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) model.For rats of the sham group, a surgical suture was simply threaded beneath the LADB without ligation. (unboundmedicine.com)
Cardiac sympathetic denervation was produced in Wistar rats by a solution of 10% phenol 1 week before ischemia. (nii.ac.jp)
The phlogistic role of C3 leukotactic fragment in myocardial infarcts of rats. (springer.com)
To identify the potential target proteins of XST, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)-based proteomics was utilized to analyze the protein profile of myocardium in rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. (rsc.org)
To investigate the effect of astragaloside IV (As-IV) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and reltaed mechanisms. (scielo.br)
As-IV can alleviate the myocardial I/R injury in rats through regulating PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathways. (scielo.br)
Therefore, the study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of As-IV on myocardial I/R injury in rats and the relations with PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathways. (scielo.br)

Proof of concept had been achieved in animal models of both peripheral ischemia and regional myocardial ischemia in the early 1990's. (escardio.org)
6. Regional Myocardial Flow-Function Relationship in Ischemia. (indigo.ca)
The purpose of this study was to monitor the presence and time course of regional myocardial GLP-1R expression after MI/R with noninvasive PET. (snmjournals.org)
Visual assessment of echocardiographic images for asynchrony in regional myocardial motion during systolic contraction is an example of the need for better definition of limitations. (diva-portal.org)

Abstract STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence of myocardial ischemia and related hemodynamic alterations in sedated patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB). (omicsonline.org)

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of myocardial ischemia. (mayoclinic.org)
Coronary artery spasm is an uncommon cause of myocardial ischemia. (mayoclinic.org)
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest cause of myocardial ischemia because it is produced due to a reduced blood supply and these arteries are responsible for regulating the blood supply to the heart. (differencebetween.net)

An apparatus and method for detecting myocardial ischemia in a subject monitors the systemic vascular resistance of the subject and detects the presence of myocardial ischemia when the systemic vascular resistance increases by at least sixty percent over a base line value. (google.es)
detecting the presence of myocardial ischemia in a subject when the monitored systemic vascular resistance of the subject increases by at least 60%, thereby indicating the presence of myocardial ischemia. (google.es)
The aim of the study is to assess presence of myocardial ischemia by contrast stress echocardiography in patients with symptomatic non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) by CT-coronary angiography, and the clinical, vascular, biochemical and genetic markers of myocardial ischemia in such patients. (clinicaltrials.gov)

On the other hand, the recent advances in experimental cardiology emphasize the extremely complex and dynamie scenario of ischemic heart disease, involving endothelial damage, coagulation processes, metabolie and morphologie derangements, coronary constrictor mechanisms, blood flow redistribution, arrhythmogenesis, contraetile dysfunction during ischemia and reperfusion, and finally lack or presence of pain perception. (indigo.ca)

Myocardial ischemia occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle (myocardium) is obstructed by a partial or complete blockage of a coronary artery by a buildup of plaques (atherosclerosis). (mayoclinic.org)
Acute occlusion of the coronary artery in the STEMI patient subjects the myocardium supplied by that vessel to acute myocardial ischemia, thereby demarcating the area at risk (AAR) of potential MI, should the acute coronary occlusion be sustained or permanent. (jci.org)
Several studies indicated that Que, when given before ischemia (preconditioning), protects the myocardium from I/R injury through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities ( 12 , 13 ). (scielo.br)

What Causes Myocardial Ischemia? (webmd.com)

OBJECTIVE--To compare the prevalence of silent myocardial ischaemia associated with coronary artery disease in diabetic subjects with that in controls of similar age and sex. (bmj.com)

7. Electrophysiologic and Biochemical Mechanisms Underlying Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias during Early Myocardial Ischemia. (indigo.ca)
However, a new study 1 also reports very powerful protection against ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced cardiac arrhythmias by the flavonone hesperidin. (life-enhancement.com)
Acute myocardial ischemia is implicated in many cases of fatal arrhythmias. (ahajournals.org)
Indeed, NE overflow in myocardial ischemia directly correlates with the severity of arrhythmias. (aspetjournals.org)
Because excess NE release can trigger severe arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, negative modulation of NE release by H 3 R agonists may offer a novel therapeutic approach to myocardial ischemia. (aspetjournals.org)
These results suggest that exercise training in healthy individuals may decrease their likelihood of developing lethal arrhythmias during acute myocardial ischemia. (ovid.com)

The project will recruit patients with angina pectoris and non-obstructive CAD by CT- coronary angiography for further imaging with contrast stress echocardiography for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The global Myocardial Ischemia Market is segmented on the basis of type, diagnosis, treatment, and end-user. (medgadget.com)
Diagnosis of coronary ischemia is achieved by a attaining a medical history and physical examination in addition to other tests such as electrocardiography (EKG), stress testing, and coronary angiography. (wikipedia.org)

The trial, which looked at 112 adults with documented coronary heart disease who also exhibited mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia during baseline screening, found that after six weeks, 34.2 percent of escitalopram patients had no mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia during the three mental stressors versus 17.5 percent in the placebo group. (acc.org)
The odds ratio for mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia was 2.62 in the placebo group (p=0.04) compared to the drug group. (acc.org)
According to the study investigators, their findings could have clinical implications in reducing cardiac events in patients with mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia. (acc.org)

In this article, the pathophysiology of myocardial lRI and the emerging therapeutic strategies for protecting the heart from its detrimental effects are reviewed. (jci.org)
Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction, All-Union Cardiologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (springer.com)
I am now very grateful that expert cliniealand experimental colleagues from around the world have joined me in the effort to provide a comprehensive textbook on the pathophysiology of myocar- dial ischemia and its rational pharmacotherapy. (indigo.ca)
2. Pathophysiology of ischemia: Why are some episodes silent? (booktopia.com.au)
Because oxygen plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of myocardial injury during subsequent reperfusion, as well as ischemia, the accurate measurement of myocardial oxygen tension is crucial for the assessment of myocardial viability by ischemia-reperfusion ( IR ) injury. (rsc.org)

In addition to the above causes, there are plenty of other risk factors which have a major impact in the development of myocardial ischemia like smoking, chewing tobacco, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, increased cholesterol levels, obesity, lack of physical exercise and a strong family history. (differencebetween.net)

1. Epidemiology and prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia, and prognosis in asymptomatic patients. (booktopia.com.au)

Punicalagin Pretreatment Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Activation of AMPK. (greenmedinfo.com)

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are linked to an increased risk of myocardial ischemia, heart attack and other heart problems. (mayoclinic.org)

PET/CT Imaging in Mouse Models of Myocardial Ischemia," Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , vol. 2012, Article ID 541872, 12 pages, 2012. (hindawi.com)

Given that nearly 800,000 Americans experience myocardial infarction each year and that myocardial ischemia is often a precursor to such events, reducing the incidence of myocardial ischemia is of paramount concern. (worldwide.com)

Traditional and emerging cardiac risk factors were not associated with abnormal stress tests, although cardiac autonomic dysfunction was a strong predictor of ischemia. (diabetesjournals.org)
Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathogenesis process consisting of a spectrum of episodes, among which mitochondria dysfunction plays a central role. (frontiersin.org)

We investigated these cause-and-effect relationships to determine the ionic mechanisms of depressed conduction and development of conduction block during acute ischemia. (ahajournals.org)
Adenosine and related compounds have been shown to produce atrioventricular (AV) conduction block during acute myocardial ischemia. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Punicalagin pre-treatment could protect against ischemia/reperfusion induced oxidative stress and myocardial injury via activation of AMPK. (greenmedinfo.com)
Moreover, PUN pretreatment inhibited I/R-induced myocardial oxidative stress as evidenced by decreased generation of superoxide content and malonaldialdehyde formation and increased antioxidant capability. (greenmedinfo.com)
These results indicate for the first time that PUN pretreatment protect against I/R-induced oxidative stress and myocardial injury via activation of AMPK. (greenmedinfo.com)
Melatonin confers cardioprotective effect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury by reducing oxidative stress. (ovid.com)

The clot might block an artery and lead to sudden, severe myocardial ischemia, resulting in a heart attack. (mayoclinic.org)

BASEL, SWITZERLAND - Levels of high-sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin I may help clinicians detect exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients suspected of having the condition, according to new research. (snmmi.org)

Non-linear dynamic analysis of the cardiac rhythm during transient myocardial ischemia" , vol. 51, no. 4, 2006, pp. 178-181. (degruyter.com)
We hypothesized that transient myocardial ischemia affects the complex dynamics of the HR and QT. (upc.edu)

A number of new therapeutic strategies currently under investigation for preventing myocardial reperfusion injury have the potential to improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute MI treated with PPCI. (jci.org)

All the mentioned phenomena are due to a defect of the myocardial energetic mechanisms, owing to the mitochondrial alterations in myocytes: early reduction of the nicotinamide adenine nucleotides, accumulation of calcium ("calcium overload") into mitochondria, and a drop in oxidative phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
The absence of oxygen halts oxidative phosphorylation, leading to mitochondrial membrane depolarization, ATP depletion, and inhibition of myocardial contractile function. (jci.org)
The effect of myocardial ischemia on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was investigated using isolated, buffer-perfused rabbit hearts. (nih.gov)
Thioredoxin-interacting protein and myocardial mitochondrial function in ischemia-reperfusion injury. (harvard.edu)

Myocardial ischemia occurs when blood flow to your heart is reduced, preventing the heart muscle from receiving enough oxygen. (mayoclinic.org)
In this article, we present some considerations on the myocardial damage due to a deficit of oxygen supply. (nih.gov)
During the initial ischemia phase, as well as during reperfusion, metabolic therapy can be very useful as, for example, glucose-insulin-potassium solutions (G-I-K). These could act as scavengers of the free radicals derived from oxygen and avoid or reduce the myocardial damage due to reperfused myocytes. (nih.gov)
Myocardial ischemia means your heart muscle is not getting enough blood (which contains oxygen and nutrients) to work as it should. (clevelandclinic.org)
Ischemia is most likely to happen when your heart needs more oxygen and nutrients than it is getting. (clevelandclinic.org)
Myocardial ischemia can be defined as a decreased supply of blood to the heart, and more precisely as an imbalance between the myocardial oxygen supply and demand. (google.es)
Compared to baseline values, a significant rise in heart rate, a fall in oxygen saturation, and no significant change in BP were observed during FOB in patients, both with or without ischemia. (omicsonline.org)
Reperfusion relieves ischemia by providing cells with metabolites and oxygen, thereby preventing extensive tissue damage. (ahajournals.org)
Ischemia/reperfusion causes damage to tissues whenever blood flow (and oxygen supply) is temporarily interrupted and then resumes. (life-enhancement.com)
1. Patients with recurrent ischemic-type chest discomfort after initial reperfusion therapy for STEMI should undergo escalation of medical therapy with nitrates and beta-blockers to decrease myocardial oxygen demand and reduce ischemia . (wikidoc.org)
Therefore, we utilized a sol-gel derived electrochemical oxygen microsensor to monitor changes in oxygen tension during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. (rsc.org)
As soon as the ischemia was initiated, oxygen tension rapidly declined to near zero levels. (rsc.org)
In the absence of epicardial coronary stenosis, an increased oxygen myocardial demand can be achieved by an increase in coronary flow due to arterial vasodilatation, commonly referred to as "coronary reserve," which can increase up to four times the basal blood flow. (appliedradiology.com)
2 The resulting oxygen demand and supply mismatch leads to myocardial ischemia at rest if blood flow is insufficient at basal conditions and ischemia on stress if an increased oxygen demand exceeds oxygen supply. (appliedradiology.com)
In this study, we determined the effect of asiatic acid on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and investigated the underlying mechanisms, using an in vitro rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury. (mdpi.com)
Reduced blood flow to the heart associated with coronary ischemia can result in inadequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle. (wikipedia.org)
When oxygen supply to the heart is unable to keep up with oxygen demand from the muscle, the result is the characteristic symptoms of coronary ischemia, the most common of which is chest pain. (wikipedia.org)
Lack of oxygen may also result in a myocardial infarction (heart attack). (wikipedia.org)

In this study, we propose a new technique which detects the anomalies in skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) recorded from the chest wall by using the state-of-the-art signal processing and machine learning methods for the robust detection of myocardial ischaemia (AMI). (easychair.org)

The current study investigated whether Que postconditioning has any protective effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo and its potential cardioprotective mechanisms. (scielo.br)
In addition, the previous studies have shown that As-IV has the protective effects on myocardial I/R injury, and the mechanisms are various 12 - 16 . (scielo.br)

The most common symptom of myocardial ischemia is angina (also called angina pectoris). (clevelandclinic.org)
While myocardial ischemia is characterized by a decrease in blood supply to the heart tissue which leads to chest pain or angina pectoris, myocardial infarction is the end point of this ischemia that results in death of heart tissue due to absence of blood supply. (differencebetween.net)
A key symptom of coronary ischemia is chest pain or pressure, known as angina pectoris. (wikipedia.org)

CONCLUSIONS: Lower BMD is associated with myocardial ischemia and decreased exercise capacity during exercise echocardiography. (ebscohost.com)

During the past 20 years, cardiac MRI (CMR) has earned growing acceptance as a modality for assessing myocardial ischemia, viability, and function. (appliedradiology.com)

Steroid-induced recurrent myocardial ischemia. (biomedsearch.com)
Unfortunately, short-term treatment with prednisolone caused an unusual complication in the patient, i.e., recurrent myocardial ischemia. (biomedsearch.com)

This study aims to investigate whether PUN provides cardioprotection against myocardial I/R (MI/R) injury and the underlying mechanisms. (greenmedinfo.com)
The present study was designed to determine the role of APN in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury in mice with renal failure and delineate the underlying mechanisms. (sigmaaldrich.com)
A multicellular ventricular fiber model was used to determine mechanisms of slowed conduction and conduction failure during acute ischemia. (ahajournals.org)
The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the potential mechanisms by which neutrophil-mediated inflammatory injury may complicate myocardial infarction. (springer.com)
Rather, our goal is to describe mechanisms of reaction to injury and to present evidence suggesting that this secondary reaction might extend and complicate cardiac injury associated with ischemia. (springer.com)
The aim of the present study was to determine whether curculigoside protects against myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury (MIRI) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. (spandidos-publications.com)

Limitations of CT angiography and invasive coronary angiography are that their ability to distinguish the physiologic effects of coronary artery stenosis and to detect myocardial ischemia is quite low. (springer.com)
Due in part to the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's emphasis on promoting research on rapid detection of the symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia, various types of biosensor designs, including ion-selective optical fibers, wave-guides, nanoparticle fluorescence sensors and ion-selective electrodes, have been used to detect potassium and hydrogen in the blood stream. (medgadget.com)
6. Methods to detect ischemia using ambulatory (Holter) electrocardiography. (booktopia.com.au)
In case of ischemia, a coronary angiography can be done to detect any defect in coronary arteries that supply blood to heart that may be the cause of ischemia. (differencebetween.net)

Its severity is related to the duration of the initial ischemia period. (nih.gov)
The 128×128 series more accurately depicted the extent and severity of ischemia as well as the presence of previous anterior infarction (not seen in 64×64). (appliedradiology.com)
We suggest that these recovery parameters could be utilized as an index of tissue injury and severity of ischemia. (rsc.org)

A and B ) Representative image ( A ) and pooled densitometry data ( B ) of Western blot analyses for the indicated proteins in ventricular myocardial samples. (jci.org)
Seven conscious dogs documented to be at high risk by the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) during acute myocardial ischemia were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of either daily exercise training or cage rest followed by exercise training. (ovid.com)
After exercise training, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial ischemia decreased by 100%, as all animals survived. (ovid.com)
Myocardial ischemia may lead to significant changes in autonomic control of heart rate (HR) affecting its variability and alter beat-to-beat ventricular repolarization periods. (upc.edu)

Neuroglobin (Ngb), a protein related to myoglobin and hemoglobin but expressed predominantly in the brain, is induced by neuronal hypoxia and cerebral ischemia and protects against hypoxic or ischemic neuronal injury. (pnas.org)
CONCLUSIONS: In this study we demonstrated that ATP-MgCl2 usage after one hour of arterial occlusion protects the heart from the adverse effects of ischemia/reperfusion. (biomedsearch.com)
Endothelin (ET) receptor antagonism protects from ischemia-reperfusion injury. (unboundmedicine.com)
VL - 286 IS - 5 N2 - Endothelin (ET) receptor antagonism protects from ischemia-reperfusion injury. (unboundmedicine.com)
The aim of this study was to determine whether C1INH protects against myocardial cell injury via an anti-apoptotic activity or anti-inflammatory effect. (diva-portal.org)

INTERVENTIONS--Any subject showing signs of myocardial ischaemia was referred for cardiac catheterization. (bmj.com)
INTERVENTIONS: Myocardial ischemia was assessed by continuous ECG monitoring beginning 30 min before, and until 2 h after FOB. (omicsonline.org)
If you're investigating interventions for myocardial ischemia and seek an uncommon team of experts with global reach and unparalleled experience, look no further than Worldwide Clinical Trials. (worldwide.com)

Myocardial ischemia decreases oxidative phosphorylation through cytochrome oxidase in subsarcolemmal mitochondria. (nih.gov)
When the blood flow is restored in case of ischemia, the pain decreases within a few minutes and there is no permanent injury to heart. (differencebetween.net)

Any acute coronary syndrome, including non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina. (nih.gov)
In this context, except for patients with acute coronary syndrome, myocardial ischemia testing has to be considered the single-most-if not the only-relevant tool for deciding whether or not to revascularize ( 2 ). (onlinejacc.org)

However, it is unclear whether Que postconditioning has a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in vivo . (scielo.br)
In the present study, Que postconditioning was used as an adjuvant to attenuate myocardial I/R injury in an in vivo rat model. (scielo.br)
In vivo PET was performed to determine myocardial uptake of 18 F-FBEM-Cys 40 -exendin-4 at different time points after reperfusion. (snmjournals.org)
In vitro and in vivo models were used to replicate conditions of ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. (bl.uk)

This observation encourages the routine use of ECG and oximetry during FOB, allowing for early intervention to prevent the dangerous combination of hypoxia, tachycardia, and myocardial ischemia. (omicsonline.org)
There are many conditions besides cardiovascular disease in which tissues can be exposed to ischemia/reperfusion, such as sleep apnea (intermittent hypoxia), emphysema and COPD, and clogged carotid arteries (TIA or stroke), where hesperidin (and omega-3 fatty acids) supplementation would appear to be a very good idea. (life-enhancement.com)
In protracted myocardial ischemia, sympathetic nerve endings undergo ATP depletion, hypoxia and pH i reduction. (aspetjournals.org)

This allowed clinicians to examine the management of myocardial infarction within their hospitals against targets specified by the National Service Framework (NSF) for coronary heart disease. (wikipedia.org)

Myocardial ischemia occurs when the blood flow through one or more of your coronary arteries is decreased. (mayoclinic.org)
For many people suffering with myocardial ischemia - the reduction of blood flow to the heart - the underlying cause is a buildup of plaque within the coronary arteries. (worldwide.com)
If blood flow through the coronary arteries is stopped completely, cardiac muscle cells may die, known as a myocardial infarction, or heart attack. (wikipedia.org)
Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs when fatty substances, known as plaques, adhere to the walls of coronary arteries supplying the heart, narrowing them and constricting blood flow, a process known as atherosclerosis, the most common cause of coronary ischemia. (wikipedia.org)

3. Myocardial ischemia as a useful functional indicator of risk in patients with coronary artery disease. (booktopia.com.au)

In patients with MI, the treatment of choice for reducing acute myocardial ischemic injury and limiting MI size is timely and effective myocardial reperfusion using either thombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). (jci.org)
However, the process of reperfusion can itself induce cardiomyocyte death, known as myocardial reperfusion injury, for which there is still no effective therapy. (jci.org)
The effects of CHD are usually attributable to the detrimental effects of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). (jci.org)
IRI typically arises in patients presenting with an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), in whom the most effective therapeutic intervention for reducing acute myocardial ischemic injury and limiting the size of myocardial infarction (MI) is timely and effective myocardial reperfusion using either thrombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). (jci.org)
In this respect, myocardial reperfusion injury remains a neglected therapeutic target for cardioprotection in PPCI patients. (jci.org)
More importantly, impaired UPS performance plays a major role in cardiac pathogenesis, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but the molecular basis of UPS impairment remains poorly understood. (jci.org)
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury to the heart is accompanied by the upregulation and posttranslational modification of a number of proteins normally involved in regulating cell cycle progression. (nih.gov)
Apoptotic mechanism has been implicated in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. (bmj.com)
In this study, we investigated the potential role of tissue kallikrein in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through adenovirus-mediated human kallikrein gene delivery. (ahajournals.org)
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury contributes to adverse cardiac outcomes after myocardial ischemia, cardiac surgery, or circulatory arrest. (mdpi.com)
In this study, we evaluated the ability of combined SS31-mitochondria (Mito) therapy to protect heart cells from myocardial IR injury. (mdpi.com)
Increased myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in renal failure involves cardiac adiponectin signal deficiency. (sigmaaldrich.com)
We thus speculated that the protective effect of Rg1 on heart ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury implicates energy metabolism regulation. (frontiersin.org)
Although early reperfusion is essential for myocardial salvage, it induces reperfusion injury, which reduces the benefits of myocardial reperfusion ( 1 , 2 ). (scielo.br)
Ischemic postconditioning, defined as brief periods of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) at the onset of reperfusion, has been shown to protect against lethal reperfusion injury in many species including humans ( 3 ). (scielo.br)
Anti-apoptotic role for C1 inhibitor in ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial cell injury. (diva-portal.org)
Therefore, these studies support the hypothesis that C1INH, in addition to inhibition of activation of the complement and contact systems, improves outcome in I/R-mediated myocardial cell injury via an anti-apoptotic activity independent of serine protease inhibitory activity. (diva-portal.org)
Norepinephrine (NE)-derived free radicals may contribute to myocyte injury after ischemia -reperfusion, so the influence of sympathetic denervation on myocardial ischemia - reperfusion injury was investigated in the present study. (nii.ac.jp)
Cardiac denervation protected myocyte against ischemia - reperfusion injury through decreasing direct NE toxicity, but not through decreasing NE-derived free radicals. (nii.ac.jp)
Treatment of STCelevation MI (STEMI) has improved enormously with the advent of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), but ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains an important complication. (bl.uk)
Evidence from animal studies points to a role for lymphocytes, and in particular T cells, in myocardial I/R injury, but this has not yet been studied in humans. (bl.uk)
Myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury results from severe impairment of coronary blood supply and leads to irreversible cell death, with limited therapeutic possibilities. (mdpi.com)
It should be emphasized that no one seriously proposes that the primary injury associated with myocardial infarction is inflammatory in nature. (springer.com)
Implications for pathogenesis of myocardial reperfusion injury. (springer.com)
Reduction of the extent of ischemic myocardial injury by neutrophil depletion in the dog. (springer.com)
Canine myocardial reperfusion injury: Its reduction by the combined administration of superoxide dismutase and catalase. (springer.com)
Leukocytes and ischemia induced myocardial injury. (springer.com)
Rossen RD, Swain JL, Michael LH, Weakley S, Giannini E, Entman ML. Selective accumulation of the first component of complement and leukocytes in ischemic canine heart muscle: A possible initiator of an extra myocardial mechanism of ischemic injury. (springer.com)
The myocardial I/R injury model was constructed in later four groups. (scielo.br)
Myocardial I/R injury can lead to the impairment of cardiac function and damage of myocardial cells, which increases the risk of cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and arrhythmia, and seriously affects the prognosis of underlying diseases 2 , 3 . (scielo.br)
In addition, the myocardial I/R injury can limit the application of coronary thrombolysis treatment, interventional therapy and bypass surgery 4 . (scielo.br)
Therefore, reducing myocardial I/R injury is of great significance to improve the curative effect of cardiovascular diseases. (scielo.br)
Study has shown that, the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathways are involved in the occurrence of myocardial I/R injury 18 . (scielo.br)
The object was to provide a basis for further clarifying the mechanism for the protective effect of As-IV on myocardial I/R injury. (scielo.br)

One of the main causes of ischemia is atherosclerosis . (webmd.com)
Myocardial ischemia can be caused by conditions such as coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis), blood clot, coronary spasm and severe illnesses. (marketresearch.com)

OBJECTIVE -To assess the prevalence and clinical predictors of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes and to test the effectiveness of current American Diabetes Association screening guidelines. (diabetesjournals.org)
CONCLUSIONS -Silent myocardial ischemia occurs in greater than one in five asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -In the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) study, 1,123 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 50-75 years, with no known or suspected coronary artery disease, were randomly assigned to either stress testing and 5-year clinical follow-up or to follow-up only. (diabetesjournals.org)

Treatment for myocardial ischemia involves improving blood flow to the heart muscle. (mayoclinic.org)
The goal of myocardial ischemia treatment is to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. (mayoclinic.org)
Myocardial blood flow and volume can be calculated using dynamic scan. (springer.com)
Blood clots obstructing the blood flow through heart's arteries can also lead to myocardial ischemia. (differencebetween.net)
Nuclear cardiology studies are used to assess myocardial blood flow, evaluate the heart's pumping function, and visualize the size and location of a myocardial infarction. (medscape.com)
Restoring blood flow is the key to reducing myocardial ischemia, but there are serious challenges with this solution. (worldwide.com)
In the coronary vessels, NO plays a role in the regulation of myocardial blood flow. (ahajournals.org)

Anatomy21

Organisms13

Diseases46

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Health Care17

AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase. (1/6685)

Differential regulation of Bcl-2, AP-1 and NF-kappaB on cardiomyocyte apoptosis during myocardial ischemic stress adaptation. (2/6685)

Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies are associated with an atherogenic lipid profile. (3/6685)

Cytomegalovirus seropositivity and incident ischaemic heart disease in the Caerphilly prospective heart disease study. (4/6685)

Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the activation of heat shock factor 1 in ischemic-reperfused heart. (5/6685)

Bradykinin promotes ischemic norepinephrine release in guinea pig and human hearts. (6/6685)

Labeling of the internal pool of GP IIb-IIIa in platelets by c7E3 Fab fragments (abciximab): flow and endocytic mechanisms contribute to the transport. (7/6685)

An inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase protects neonatal cardiac myocytes from ischemia. (8/6685)

Myocardial Ischemia

Ischemia

Brain Ischemia

Myocardial Reperfusion Injury

Myocardium

Coronary Circulation

Coronary Disease

Electrocardiography

Reperfusion Injury

Exercise Test

Myocardial Infarction

Myocardial Reperfusion

Heart

Angina Pectoris

Cardiotonic Agents

Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial

Hemodynamics

Dogs

Electrocardiography, Ambulatory

Coronary Vessels

Time Factors

Disease Models, Animal

Heart Rate

Coronary Angiography

Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Myocardial Contraction

Arrhythmias, Cardiac

Reperfusion

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging

Ventricular Function, Left

Creatine Kinase

Ischemic Preconditioning

Ischemic Attack, Transient

Rats, Wistar

Warm Ischemia

Dipyridamole

Myocardial Stunning

Perfusion

Blood Pressure

Thallium Radioisotopes

Adenosine

Coronary Artery Disease

Collateral Circulation

Dobutamine

Myocytes, Cardiac

Swine

Intraoperative Complications

Vasodilator Agents

Chest Pain

Echocardiography

Cold Ischemia

Echocardiography, Stress

Troponin I

Rabbits

Heart Ventricles

Ischemic Postconditioning

Gerbillinae

Spinal Cord Ischemia

Ventricular Fibrillation

Troponin T

Acute Disease

Mitochondria, Heart

Nitroglycerin

Anesthesia

Lactic Acid

Coronary Stenosis

Angina, Unstable

Cardiovascular Agents

Prospective Studies

Swine, Miniature

Predictive Value of Tests

Heart Function Tests

Random Allocation

Necrosis

Constriction

Angina Pectoris, Variant

Coronary Vessel Anomalies

Neuroprotective Agents

Lactates