AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Mycobacterium smegmatisMycobacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium bovisMycobacterium aviumMycobacterium InfectionsNontuberculous MycobacteriaMycobacteriophagesMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousMycobacterium lepraeBacterial ProteinsMycobacterium fortuitumMycolic AcidsMycobacterium avium ComplexMycobacterium chelonaeAntitubercular AgentsEthambutolMycobacterium phleiMycobacterium marinumTuberculosisMycobacterium kansasiiMolecular Sequence DataMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisIsoniazidDNA, BacterialGenes, BacterialGalactansGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMycobacterium avium-intracellulare InfectionViomycinMycobacterium ulceransCell WallGlycopeptidesRifampinAntigens, BacterialAmino Acid SequenceErgothioneineMicrobial Sensitivity TestsEthionamideTuberculosis, PulmonaryGlycolipidsBase SequenceAlanine RacemaseInositolCord FactorsDrug Resistance, BacterialCycloserineMutationCulture MediaPolysorbatesMicrobial ViabilityGenetic Complementation TestDNA Transposable ElementsCapreomycinRhamnoseDrug Resistance, MicrobialMethylmannosidesCloning, MolecularGene DeletionRNA, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsStreptomycinSequence Analysis, DNATuberculosis VaccinesMycobacterium lepraemuriumMycobacterium scrofulaceumAntibiotics, AntitubercularBCG VaccineChromatography, Thin LayerMacrophagesMutagenesis, InsertionalDisaccharidesSpecies SpecificityMycobacteriaceaeBacteriological TechniquesMycobacterium xenopiAlanine-tRNA LigaseLeprosyPorinsSequence Homology, Amino AcidMannosidesArabinosePolymerase Chain ReactionOxazolesSequence AlignmentDihydrostreptomycin SulfateGenome, BacterialEscherichia coliGenes, EssentialTransformation, BacterialTuberculosis, BovineLeprostatic AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsPlasmidsAmidohydrolasesMannosyltransferasesAlanine DehydrogenaseNicotinamidaseMycobacterium haemophilumTrehaloseColony Count, MicrobialOpen Reading FramesAcyltransferasesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SOperonPyrazinamideDNA GyraseSubstrate SpecificityKanamycin ResistanceSputumPromoter Regions, GeneticGlycine DehydrogenaseDianisidinePhagosomesMannoseGene Knockout TechniquesArmadillosSiderophoresBacterial Typing TechniquesRecombinant ProteinsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationFatty Acid SynthasesTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantKineticsVirulenceNitroreductases
Mycobacterium smegmatis: A rapid-growing, nonphotochromogenic species of MYCOBACTERIUM originally isolated from human smegma and found also in soil and water. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Mycobacterium: A genus of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. Most species are free-living in soil and water, but the major habitat for some is the diseased tissue of warm-blooded hosts.Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.Mycobacterium bovis: The bovine variety of the tubercle bacillus. It is called also Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis.Mycobacterium avium: A bacterium causing tuberculosis in domestic fowl and other birds. In pigs, it may cause localized and sometimes disseminated disease. The organism occurs occasionally in sheep and cattle. It should be distinguished from the M. avium complex, which infects primarily humans.Mycobacterium Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM.Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: So-called atypical species of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM that do not cause tuberculosis. They are also called tuberculoid bacilli, i.e.: M. buruli, M. chelonae, M. duvalii, M. flavescens, M. fortuitum, M. gilvum, M. gordonae, M. intracellulare (see MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX;), M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. obuense, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. terrae, M. ulcerans, M. xenopi.Mycobacteriophages: Viruses whose host is one or more Mycobacterium species. They include both temperate and virulent types.Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous: Infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (atypical mycobacteria): M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. flavescens, M. gordonae, M. obuense, M. gilvum, M. duvali, M. szulgai, M. intracellulare (see MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX;), M. xenopi (littorale), M. ulcerans, M. buruli, M. terrae, M. fortuitum (minetti, giae), M. chelonae.Mycobacterium leprae: A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that causes LEPROSY in man. Its organisms are generally arranged in clumps, rounded masses, or in groups of bacilli side by side.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Mycobacterium fortuitum: A rapid-growing, nonphotochromogenic species that is potentially pathogenic, producing lesions of lung, bone, or soft tissue following trauma. It has been found in soil and in injection sites of humans, cattle, and cold-blooded animals. (Dorland, 28th ed)Mycolic AcidsMycobacterium avium Complex: A complex that includes several strains of M. avium. M. intracellulare is not easily distinguished from M. avium and therefore is included in the complex. These organisms are most frequently found in pulmonary secretions from persons with a tuberculous-like mycobacteriosis. Strains of this complex have also been associated with childhood lymphadenitis and AIDS; M. avium alone causes tuberculosis in a variety of birds and other animals, including pigs.Mycobacterium chelonae: A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria commonly found in soil and occasionally isolated from sputum. It causes postoperative wound infections as well as gluteal abscesses.Antitubercular Agents: Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)Mycobacterium phlei: A saprophytic bacterium widely distributed in soil and dust and on plants.Mycobacterium marinum: A moderate-growing, photochromogenic species found in aquariums, diseased fish, and swimming pools. It is the cause of cutaneous lesions and granulomas (swimming pool granuloma) in humans. (Dorland, 28th ed)Tuberculosis: Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM.Mycobacterium kansasii: A slow-growing, photochromogenic species that is the etiologic agent of a tuberculosis-like disease in humans and is frequently isolated from human pulmonary secretions or tubercles. The incidence of infection is sharply increased among immunocompromised individuals. (Dorland, 28th ed)Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: A subspecies of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. It is the etiologic agent of Johne's disease (PARATUBERCULOSIS), a chronic GASTROENTERITIS in RUMINANTS.Isoniazid: Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Genes, Bacterial: The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.Galactans: Polysaccharides composed of repeating galactose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chains in any linkages.Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial: Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection: A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis.Viomycin: A strongly basic peptide, antibiotic complex from several strains of Streptomyces. It is allergenic and toxic to kidneys and the labyrinth. Viomycin is used in tuberculosis as several different salts and in combination with other agents.Mycobacterium ulcerans: A slow-growing mycobacterium that infects the skin and subcutaneous tissues, giving rise to indolent BURULI ULCER.Cell Wall: The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.Glycopeptides: Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)Antigens, Bacterial: Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Ergothioneine: A naturally occurring metabolite of HISTIDINE that has antioxidant properties.Microbial Sensitivity Tests: Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.Tuberculosis, Pulmonary: MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.Glycolipids: Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Alanine Racemase: A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that reversibly catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine to D-alanine. EC 5.1.1.1.Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.Cord Factors: Toxic glycolipids composed of trehalose dimycolate derivatives. They are produced by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and other species of MYCOBACTERIUM. They induce cellular dysfunction in animals.Drug Resistance, Bacterial: The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Culture Media: Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.Polysorbates: Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals.Microbial Viability: Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.Genetic Complementation Test: A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.DNA Transposable Elements: Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.Capreomycin: Cyclic peptide antibiotic similar to VIOMYCIN. It is produced by Streptomyces capreolus.Rhamnose: A methylpentose whose L- isomer is found naturally in many plant glycosides and some gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides.Drug Resistance, Microbial: The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Methylmannosides: Mannosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with methyl alcohol. They include both alpha- and beta-methylmannosides.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Gene Deletion: A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.RNA, Bacterial: Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.Anti-Bacterial Agents: Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.Streptomycin: An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.Sequence Analysis, DNA: A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.Tuberculosis Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat TUBERCULOSIS.Mycobacterium lepraemurium: The etiologic agent of rat leprosy, also known as murine leprosy.Mycobacterium scrofulaceum: A non-tuberculous mycobacterium causing cervical lymphadenitis in children. It very rarely causes pulmonary disease, and is believed to be non-pathogenic in animals.Antibiotics, Antitubercular: Substances obtained from various species of microorganisms that are, alone or in combination with other agents, of use in treating various forms of tuberculosis; most of these agents are merely bacteriostatic, induce resistance in the organisms, and may be toxic.BCG Vaccine: An active immunizing agent and a viable avirulent attenuated strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis, which confers immunity to mycobacterial infections. It is used also in immunotherapy of neoplasms due to its stimulation of antibodies and non-specific immunity.Chromatography, Thin Layer: Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Macrophages: The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)Mutagenesis, Insertional: Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.Disaccharides: Oligosaccharides containing two monosaccharide units linked by a glycosidic bond.Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Mycobacteriaceae: A family of gram-positive bacteria found in soil and dairy products and as parasites on animals and man. Several are important pathogens.Bacteriological Techniques: Techniques used in studying bacteria.Mycobacterium xenopi: A slow-growing, scotochromogenic species occurring usually harmlessly in human secretions but occasionally associated with chronic pulmonary disease. (Dorland, 28th ed)Alanine-tRNA Ligase: An enzyme that activates alanine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.7.Leprosy: A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid.Porins: Porins are protein molecules that were originally found in the outer membrane of GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA and that form multi-meric channels for the passive DIFFUSION of WATER; IONS; or other small molecules. Porins are present in bacterial CELL WALLS, as well as in plant, fungal, mammalian and other vertebrate CELL MEMBRANES and MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANES.Sequence Homology, Amino Acid: The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.Mannosides: Glycosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with an alcohol to form an acetal. They include both alpha- and beta-mannosides.ArabinosePolymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.Sequence Alignment: The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate: A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of TUBERCULOSIS.Genome, Bacterial: The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Genes, Essential: Those genes found in an organism which are necessary for its viability and normal function.Transformation, Bacterial: The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuring phenomenon in some bacteria. It is often used as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.Tuberculosis, Bovine: An infection of cattle caused by MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. It is transmissible to man and other animals.Leprostatic Agents: Substances that suppress Mycobacterium leprae, ameliorate the clinical manifestations of leprosy, and/or reduce the incidence and severity of leprous reactions.Anti-Infective Agents: Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.AmidohydrolasesMannosyltransferases: Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of mannose from a nucleoside diphosphate mannose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. The group includes EC 2.4.1.32, EC 2.4.1.48, EC 2.4.1.54, and EC 2.4.1.57.Alanine Dehydrogenase: An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible DEAMINATION of L-ALANINE to PYRUVATE and AMMONIA. The enzyme is needed for growth when ALANINE is the sole CARBON or NITROGEN source. It may also play a role in CELL WALL synthesis because L-ALANINE is an important constituent of the PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer.Nicotinamidase: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nicotinamide to nicotinate and ammonia. EC 3.5.1.19.Mycobacterium haemophilum: A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that causes granulomatous or ulcerating skin lesions in immunosuppressed persons. This organism owes its name to its requirement for growth of high levels of iron, conveniently supplied as blood, heme, or ferric ammonium citrate.TrehaloseColony Count, Microbial: Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.Open Reading Frames: A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).Acyltransferases: Enzymes from the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of acyl groups from donor to acceptor, forming either esters or amides. (From Enzyme Nomenclature 1992) EC 2.3.RNA, Ribosomal, 16S: Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.Operon: In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.Pyrazinamide: A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent.DNA Gyrase: A bacterial DNA topoisomerase II that catalyzes ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands. Gyrase binds to DNA as a heterotetramer consisting of two A and two B subunits. In the presence of ATP, gyrase is able to convert the relaxed circular DNA duplex into a superhelix. In the absence of ATP, supercoiled DNA is relaxed by DNA gyrase.Substrate Specificity: A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.Kanamycin Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the antibiotic KANAMYCIN, which can bind to their 70S ribosomes and cause misreading of messenger RNA.Sputum: Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.Promoter Regions, Genetic: DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.Glycine Dehydrogenase: An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the oxidative DEAMINATION of GLYCINE to glyoxylate and AMMONIA in the presence of NAD. In BACTERIA lacking transaminating pathways the enzyme can act in the reverse direction to synthesize glycine from glyoxylate and ammonia and NADH.Dianisidine: Highly toxic compound which can cause skin irritation and sensitization. It is used in manufacture of azo dyes.Phagosomes: Membrane-bound cytoplasmic vesicles formed by invagination of phagocytized material. They fuse with lysosomes to form phagolysosomes in which the hydrolytic enzymes of the lysosome digest the phagocytized material.Mannose: A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Gene Knockout Techniques: Techniques to alter a gene sequence that result in an inactivated gene, or one in which the expression can be inactivated at a chosen time during development to study the loss of function of a gene.Armadillos: Burrowing, chiefly nocturnal mammals of the family Dasypodidae having bodies and heads encased in small bony plates. They are widely distributed in the warmer parts of the Americas.Siderophores: Low-molecular-weight compounds produced by microorganisms that aid in the transport and sequestration of ferric iron. (The Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994)Bacterial Typing Techniques: Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization: A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.Fatty Acid Synthases: Enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA derivatives.Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant: Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.Nitroreductases: Enzymes which reduce nitro groups (NITRO COMPOUNDS) and other nitrogenous compounds.

RecA-Mediated gene conversion and aminoglycoside resistance in strains heterozygous for rRNA. (1/838)

Clinical resistance to aminoglycosides in general is due to enzymatic drug modification. Mutational alterations of the small ribosomal subunit rRNA have recently been found to mediate acquired resistance in bacterial pathogens in vivo. In this study we investigated the effect of 16S rRNA heterozygosity (wild-type [wt] and mutant [mut] operons at position 1408 [1408wt/1408mut]) on aminoglycoside resistance. Using an integrative vector, we introduced a single copy of a mutated rRNA operon (1408 A-->G) into Mycobacterium smegmatis, which carries two chromosomal wild-type rRNA operons; the resultant transformants exhibited an aminoglycoside-sensitive phenotype. In contrast, introduction of the mutated rRNA operon into an M. smegmatis rrnB knockout strain carrying a single functional chromosomal wild-type rRNA operon resulted in aminoglycoside-resistant transformants. Subsequent analysis by DNA sequencing and RNase protection assays unexpectedly demonstrated a homozygous mutant genotype, rRNAmut/rRNAmut, in the resistant transformants. To investigate whether RecA-mediated gene conversion was responsible for the aminoglycoside-resistant phenotype in the rRNAwt/rRNAmut strains, recA mutant strains were generated by allelic exchange techniques. Transformation of the recA rrnB M. smegmatis mutant strains with an integrative vector expressing a mutated rRNA operon (Escherichia coli position 1408 A-->G) resulted in transformants with an aminoglycoside-sensitive phenotype. Subsequent analysis showed stable heterozygosity at 16S rRNA position 1408 with a single wild-type allele and a single resistant allele. These results demonstrate that rRNA-mediated mutational resistance to aminoglycosides is recessive.  (+info)

Genetic evidence that InhA of Mycobacterium smegmatis is a target for triclosan. (2/838)

Three Mycobacterium smegmatis mutants selected for resistance to triclosan each had a different mutation in InhA, an enoyl reductase involved in fatty acid synthesis. Two expressed some isoniazid resistance. A mutation originally selected on isoniazid also mediated triclosan resistance, as did the wild-type inhA gene on a multicopy plasmid. Replacement of the mutant chromosomal inhA genes with wild-type inhA eliminated resistance. These results suggest that M. smegmatis InhA, like its Escherichia coli homolog FabI, is a target for triclosan.  (+info)

Role of acid pH and deficient efflux of pyrazinoic acid in unique susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to pyrazinamide. (3/838)

Pyrazinamide (PZA) is an important antituberculosis drug. Unlike most antibacterial agents, PZA, despite its remarkable in vivo activity, has no activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro except at an acidic pH. M. tuberculosis is uniquely susceptible to PZA, but other mycobacteria as well as nonmycobacteria are intrinsically resistant. The role of acidic pH in PZA action and the basis for the unique PZA susceptibility of M. tuberculosis are unknown. We found that in M. tuberculosis, acidic pH enhanced the intracellular accumulation of pyrazinoic acid (POA), the active derivative of PZA, after conversion of PZA by pyrazinamidase. In contrast, at neutral or alkaline pH, POA was mainly found outside M. tuberculosis cells. PZA-resistant M. tuberculosis complex organisms did not convert PZA into POA. Unlike M. tuberculosis, intrinsically PZA-resistant M. smegmatis converted PZA into POA, but it did not accumulate POA even at an acidic pH, due to a very active POA efflux mechanism. We propose that a deficient POA efflux mechanism underlies the unique susceptibility of M. tuberculosis to PZA and that the natural PZA resistance of M. smegmatis is due to a highly active efflux pump. These findings may have implications with regard to the design of new antimycobacterial drugs.  (+info)

A mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis defective in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids accumulates meromycolates. (4/838)

Mycolic acids are a major constituent of the mycobacterial cell wall, and they form an effective permeability barrier to protect mycobacteria from antimicrobial agents. Although the chemical structures of mycolic acids are well established, little is known on their biosynthesis. We have isolated a mycolate-deficient mutant strain of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2-155 by chemical mutagenesis followed by screening for increased sensitivity to novobiocin. This mutant also was hypersensitive to other hydrophobic compounds such as crystal violet, rifampicin, and erythromycin. Entry of hydrophobic probes into mutant cells occurred much more rapidly than that into the wild-type cells. HPLC and TLC analysis of fatty acid composition after saponification showed that the mutant failed to synthesize full-length mycolic acids. Instead, it accumulated a series of long-chain fatty acids, which were not detected in the wild-type strain. Analysis by 1H NMR, electrospray and electron impact mass spectroscopy, and permanganate cleavage of double bonds showed that these compounds corresponded to the incomplete meromycolate chain of mycolic acids, except for the presence of a beta-hydroxyl group. This direct identification of meromycolates as precursors of mycolic acids provides a strong support for the previously proposed pathway for mycolic acid biosynthesis involving the separate synthesis of meromycolate chain and the alpha-branch of mycolic acids, followed by the joining of these two branches.  (+info)

Integron-mediated rifampin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (5/838)

A new rifampin resistance gene, arr-2, has been found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ARR-2 protein shows 54% amino acid identity to the rifampin ADP-ribosylating transferase encoded by the arr gene from Mycobacterium smegmatis. This arr-2 gene is located on a gene cassette within a class I integron.  (+info)

Apoptosis of Mycobacterium avium-infected macrophages is mediated by both tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and Fas, and involves the activation of caspases. (6/838)

Mycobacterium avium causes disseminated infection in AIDS patients and several forms of infection in immunocompetent hosts. Recent studies have shown that M. avium infection of macrophages in vitro leads to apoptosis of significant numbers of infected cells. Several strains of M. avium used to infect human macrophages for 5 days (multiplicity of infection of 10) triggered 28-46% higher levels of apoptosis than observed with uninfected macrophages at the same time points. Mycobacterium avium strains unable to replicate intracellularly (rep-) resulted in a 15% rate of apoptosis, while M. smegmatis-infected monolayers showed the same percentage of apoptotic cells as the uninfected macrophage control. The presence of anti-TNF-alpha antibody reduced apoptosis to 17% and the presence of anti-Fas antibody reduced apoptosis to 10%. When both antibodies were used together, the apoptosis level was 5% above the control. Treatment with TGF-beta also reduced the number of apoptotic cells in infected monolayers. If intracellular growth was inhibited, apoptosis of macrophages decreased significantly. It was also shown that apoptosis was associated with IL-1 beta-converting enzyme (ICE) activation and was significantly reduced by a caspase inhibitor. Gaining understanding of the mechanisms of M. avium-associated apoptosis of macrophages will provide important insight into M. avium pathogenesis.  (+info)

Enhanced gene replacement in mycobacteria. (7/838)

Allelic replacement will be a vital tool for understanding gene function in mycobacteria. Disruption of the chromosomal hisD gene of Mycobacterium smegmatis by standard gene replacement methods was surprisingly difficult, with most products being caused by illegitimate recombination (IR) events. A recombination assay was therefore developed and used to optimize conditions for homologous recombination (HR) in M. smegmatis. Treatment of competent cells with UV, hydrogen peroxide or mitomycin C did not improve the frequency of HR; however, treatment of the DNA with alkali or UV enhanced recombination frequency, while boiling did not. Applying these observations to allele replacement, UV and alkali treatment of transforming DNA increased HR events with pyrF and hisD, while the level of IR was unchanged. The introduction of ss phagemid DNA improved the level of HR and abolished IR. In Mycobacterium intracellulare the use of alkali-denatured DNA increased the numbers of recombinants obtained with an inactivated 19Ag gene, while in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, inactivation of a putative haemolysin gene, tlyA, was achieved using both UV-irradiated DNA and ss phagemid DNA. Significantly, IR, which has been reported to be a problem in this species, was not observed. Thus, four genes in three species were successfully knocked-out using non-replicating DNA pretreated with alkali, UV or in an ss form. The use of these methods to enhance HR will greatly facilitate experiments to inactivate other genes in these important species.  (+info)

Enhancing the immunotherapeutic potential of mycobacteria by transfection with tumour necrosis factor-alpha. (8/838)

In an attempt to enhance the anti-tumour properties of mycobacteria we have developed recombinant forms of Mycobacterium smegmatis which express and secrete biologically active human tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). This was achieved by transfecting M. smegmatis using shuttle plasmids incorporating the cDNA sequence for the human TNF-alpha mature peptide. In vitro experiments on a panel of human bladder tumour cell lines (EJ18, MGH-U1, RT4, RT112) indicate that our genetically modified mycobacteria are more effective than wild-type at inducing or up-regulating the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and the secretion of an array of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor]. We have also demonstrated increased adhesion molecule and cytokine expression in response to mycobacteria transfected with vector containing no gene insert. However, this was not as pronounced as that observed following tumour cell stimulation by the TNF-alpha-transfected strain. In contrast, in three out of four tumour cell lines all M. smegmatis strains were found to down-regulate the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1. Our studies have also confirmed that M. smegmatis is a powerful inhibitor of bladder tumour cell growth and revealed that its antiproliferative potency is enhanced by transfecting with human TNF-alpha and, to a lesser extent, with vector alone. All M. smegmatis strains were effective in the activation of peripheral blood leucocyte cultures. However, no differences were observed in the ability of the TNF-alpha-transfected, mock-transfected and wild-type mycobacteria to induce tumour cell killing activity. These results suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of M. smegmatis can be enhanced by transfection with vectors which allow the secretion of human TNF-alpha, thus increasing mycobacterial immunotherapeutic potential.  (+info)

ASMscience | Developing and Mature Biofilms Produced by Mycobacterium smegmatisASMscience | Developing and Mature Biofilms Produced by Mycobacterium smegmatis
FIG. 1. Developing Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilm (5 days old) in 12-well cell culture cluster plates using modified M63 liquid media. FIG. 2. Mature Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilm (7 days old) in 12-well cell culture cluster plates using modified M63 liquid media. Introduction Microorganisms have many ways to ensure their survival, such as sporulation and biofilm formation. In nature, most microbes live as communities in biofilms, a conglomeration of bacteria and other microbes embedded in a self-produced and secreted matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) (1). The EPS can be composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. The biofilm functions as a protective hydrated barrier between the bacterial cells and their environment. It facilitates survival under harsh conditions and environmental insults such as ultraviolet radiation, physicochemical stresses, desiccation, and insufficient supply of nutritive resources (3). Mycobacterium smegmatis are aerobic
Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1899 articles - Encyclopedia of LifeMycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1899 articles - Encyclopedia of Life
Wissenschaftlicher Name Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1899 Mycobacterium smegmatis ist ein Bakterium aus der Gruppe der Mykobakterien. Es handelt sich um stäbchenförmige Bakterien mit einer Länge von 3 bis 5 µm.[1] Es zählt zur Normalflora des Smegmas im menschlichen Genitalbereich, also sowohl im Bereich der weiblichen Vulva und der Klitorisvorhaut, Präputium clitoridis, als auch beim Mann unter dem Praeputium penis. Auch in Bodenproben wurde es häufig gefunden.[2] Es ist nur in seltenen Fällen pathogen[3] und zählt zu den sogenannten nichttuberkulösen Mykobakterien (MOTT). Mycobacterium smegmatis zählt hier zu den schnellwachsenden Mykobakterien, die auf agarhaltigen Nährmedien schon innerhalb einer Woche gut sichtbare Kolonien bilden. Deshalb gilt es auch als Modellorganismus für Mykobakterien und wird oft in Labors für Stoffwechseluntersuchungen verwendet.[4] Die elektronenmikroskopische Charakterisierung erfolgte unter Einsatz der ...
Mycobacterium smegmatis - RedorbitMycobacterium smegmatis - Redorbit
Mycobacterium smegmatis is 3.0 to 5.0 µm long with a bacillus shape, an acid-fast bacterial species in the phylum Actinobacteria. It can be stained by Ziehl-Neelsen method and the auramine-rhodamine fluorescent method. It was first reported in 1884. Alvarez and Tavel found organisms similar to Lustgarten, who first discovered Mycobacterium. This organism was later named M. smegmatis. It is considered a non-pathogenic microorganism although, in rare cases, it can cause disease. M. smegmatis is useful for the research analysis of other Mycobacteria species in laboratory experiments. Since it is a fast grower and non-pathogenic it makes a simple model that is easy to work with. It shares more than 2000 homologs with M. tuberculosis and shares the same unusual cell wall structure of M. tuberculosis and other mycobacterial species. The discovery of plasmids, phages, and mobile elements has enabled the construction of dedicated gene-inactivation and gene reporter systems. The M. smegmatis strain is ...
Mycobacterium smegmatis LfrA protein Summary Report | CureHunterMycobacterium smegmatis LfrA protein Summary Report | CureHunter
Mycobacterium smegmatis LfrA protein: proton antiporter isolated from Mycobacterium smegmatis; amino acid sequence in first source; GenBank U40487
Characterisation of VapC in Mycobacterium smegmatisCharacterisation of VapC in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Members of the VapC family of proteins cleave RNA at specific sites in order to regulate biological processes with a cell. Characterization of the sites targeted by a specific protein using conventional biochemical techniques is resource intensive. This study explores the potential use of computational models to characterize the sites targeted by VapC in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Previous work has reported the impact of VapC upon each gene in the M. smegmatis genome and produced a hypothesis model for the specific motif targeted by the enzyme. However, this model has been shown to be insufficient for the differentiation of sites cleaved by VapC from those not cleaved. This study aims to extend this model to accurately describe the features which influence VapC activity at a site. A model capable of accurately predicting the VapC target sites could supplement the existing biochemical techniques. Furthermore, a process developed to train such a model could potentially be generalized and applied to ...
Interaction of Erp Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Rv2212 Enhances Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis...Interaction of Erp Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Rv2212 Enhances Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis...
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis exported repetitive protein (RvErp) is a crucial virulence-associated factor as determined by its role in the survival and multiplication of mycobacteria in cultured macrophages and in vivo Although attempts have been made to understand the function of Erp protein, its exact role in Mycobacterium pathogenesis is still elusive. One way to determine this is by searching for novel interactions of RvErp. Using a yeast two-hybrid assay, an adenylyl cyclase (AC), Rv2212, was found to interact with RvErp. The interaction between RvErp and Rv2212 is direct and occurs at the endogenous level. The Erp protein of Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSMEG_6405, or MsErp) interacts neither with Rv2212 nor with Ms_4279, the M. smegmatis homologue of Rv2212. Deletion mutants of Rv2212 revealed its adenylyl cyclase domain to be responsible for the interaction. RvErp enhances Rv2212-mediated cyclic AMP (cAMP) production. Also, the biological significance of the interaction between RvErp and ...
Pii: s0966-842x(99)01589-9Pii: s0966-842x(99)01589-9
bacteriaceae36 and is well conserved at the DNA se- In contrast to the plasmid-mediated antiseptic/ quence level in S. typhimurium21. Expression of disinfectant resistance of Gram-positive and Gram- E. coli MarA in Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155 negative organisms6, E. coli mutants resistant to pine produces a mar phenotype37, suggesting that MarA oil or formulations containing this natural product are can activate cognate promoters in a heterologous mar mutants6. Inactivation of AcrAB in these mutants host, and that a mar-like system(s) exists in M. smeg- increases susceptibility to compounds containing matis. Exposure of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas)cepacia38 and Staphylococcus aureus39 to salicylate,as well as serial exposure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa40to fluoroquinolones, confers resistance to multiple antibiotics. Whether there is a chromosomal region in • Is MarR activity or expression controlled by other genes in these organisms that is homologous to the E. coli mar locus and has a similar ...
Lipoarabinomannan binding to lactosylceramide in lipid rafts is essential for the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by human...Lipoarabinomannan binding to lactosylceramide in lipid rafts is essential for the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by human...
Pathogenic mycobacteria use virulence factors, including mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM), to survive in host phagocytic cells, such as neutrophils. We assessed the roles of lactosylceramide (LacCer, CDw17)-enriched lipid rafts in the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by human neutrophils and in the intracellular fate of phagocytosed mycobacteria. We showed that the association of the Src family kinase (SFK) Lyn with C24 fatty acid chain-containing LacCer was essential for the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by neutrophils. Assays with LacCer-containing liposomes, LacCer-coated plastic plates, and LAM-coated beads demonstrated that the phagocytosis of mycobacteria was mediated through the binding of LacCer to LAM. Both ManLAM from pathogenic species and phosphoinositol-capped LAM (PILAM) from nonpathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis bound equivalently to LacCer to stimulate phagocytosis. However, PILAM from an M. smegmatis α1,2-mannosyltransferase deletion mutant (ΔMSMEG_4247), lacking the ...
The Non-Pathogenic Mycobacteria M. Smegmatis and M. Fortuitum Induce Rapid Host Cell Apoptosis Via a Caspase-3 and TNF...The Non-Pathogenic Mycobacteria M. Smegmatis and M. Fortuitum Induce Rapid Host Cell Apoptosis Via a Caspase-3 and TNF...
The HIV pandemic raised the potential for facultative-pathogenic mycobacterial species like, Mycobacterium kansasii, to cause disseminating disease in humans with immune deficiencies. In contrast, non-pathogenic mycobacterial species, like M. smegmatis, are not known to cause disseminating disease even in immunocompromised individuals. We hypothesized that this difference in phenotype could be explained by the strong induction of an innate immune response by the non-pathogenic mycobacterial species.. A comparison of two rapid-growing, non-pathogenic species (M. smegmatis and M. fortuitum) with two facultative-pathogenic species (M. kansasii and M. bovis BCG) demonstrated that only the non-pathogenic bacteria induced strong apoptosis in human THP-1 cells and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and dendritic cells (BMDD). The phospho-myo-inositol modification of lipoarabinomannan (PI-LAM) isolated from non-pathogenic species may be one of the cell wall components responsible for the ...
Ion homeostasis in Mycobacterium smegmatisIon homeostasis in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Microorganisms must maintain equilibrium and intracellular availability of ions for growth and persistence in a range of environments, either in the face of scarce resources or excesses, whereby they must buffer, exclude or export these ions preventing accumulation to harmful levels. Ion homeostasis is essential for energy generation, metabolism, regulation of internal pH and osmotic homeostasis. Mycobacteria are part of the native microflora found in soils and aquatic environments and harbour an extensive repertoire of uptake and efflux and secretion pathways to modulate ions and metabolites including, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, nickel, manganese, zinc, copper and cobalt. There remains a paucity of information regarding ion homeostasis networks and pathways in mycobacteria. The overarching aim of this thesis was to characterise ion homeostasis and energetics in the saprophyte Mycobacterium smegmatis, under normoxia and hypoxia, under ion chelation and deficiency, with ...
MSMEG 6441 (Mycobacterium smegmatis str. MC2 155) | Gene Target - PubChemMSMEG 6441 (Mycobacterium smegmatis str. MC2 155) | Gene Target - PubChem
Gene target information for MSMEG_6441 - TetR family transcriptional regulator (Mycobacterium smegmatis str. MC2 155). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments.
NAVER Academic | Effect of isoniazid on glutathione biosynthesis and degradation inMycobacterium smegmatisNAVER Academic | Effect of isoniazid on glutathione biosynthesis and degradation inMycobacterium smegmatis
The mechanism of glutathione (GSH) depletion by isoniazid (INH) was studied inM. smegmatis. INH increased the activity of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) whether added before medium inoculation or to actively growing cells. The activity of GGT in cells grown from the beginning in INH-containing medium increased significantly on growth days 2-6. Three-day oldM. smegmatis cells treated with INH exhibited a 30-65 % increase in the activity of GGT. The activities of γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthase (GGCS) and GSH synthase (GS) were lowered by 50 and 56 % respectively on the second day of growth whenM. smegmatis was grown in a medium supplemented with 1.5 mg INH per L. In 3-day oldM. smegmatis, INH significantly inhibited the activities of GSH biosynthetic enzymes. The results demonstrate that the increased activity of GGT and decreased activities of GSH biosynthetic enzymes are responsible for GSH depletion by INH inM. smegmatis.
Maturing Mycobacterium smegmatis peptidoglycan requires non-canonical crosslinks to maintain shape | eLifeMaturing Mycobacterium smegmatis peptidoglycan requires non-canonical crosslinks to maintain shape | eLife
Polar elongating mycobacteria (Mycobacterium smegmatis) require specific cell wall chemistries, those catalyzed by targets of critical antibiotics, to maintain rod shape at aging sites of the bacillus.
AID 562238 - Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis assessed as growth inhibition in mid-logarithmic phase...AID 562238 - Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis assessed as growth inhibition in mid-logarithmic phase...
BioAssay record AID 562238 submitted by ChEMBL: Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis assessed as growth inhibition in mid-logarithmic phase by spectrophotometry.
British Library EThOS: Comparing the metabolism and metabolic capabilities of Mycobacterium smegmatis vs Mycobacterium bovis...British Library EThOS: Comparing the metabolism and metabolic capabilities of Mycobacterium smegmatis vs Mycobacterium bovis...
The recent resurgence of drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causal agent of tuberculosis (TB) has strengthened the need for new anti-TB drugs. However, the accompanying experiments are lengthy due to the slow growth rate and pathogenic nature of the tubercle bacillus. Consequently a faster growing, nonpathogenic Mycobacterium would be ideal as a first screen in drug discovery. This project investigated metabolic features of M smegmatis to establish its utility as a first screen in the discovery of metabolic drug targets ...
Browse by Author - ePrints@IIScBrowse by Author - [email protected]
Sikder, Devanjan and Unniraman, Shyam and Bhaduri, Tisha and Nagaraja, Valakunja (2001) Functional Cooperation Between Topoisomerase I and Single Strand DNA-binding Protein. In: Journal of Molecular Biology, 306 . pp. 669-679. Bhaduri, Tisha and Basak, Shashwati and Sikder, Devanjan and Nagaraja, Valakunja (2000) Inhibition of Mycobacterium smegmatis topoisomerase I by specific oligonucleotides. In: FEBS Letters, 486 (2). pp. 126-130. Bhaduri, Tisha and Baguis, Tapan Kumar and Sikder, Devanjan and Nagaraja, Valakunja (1998) DNA Topoisomerase I from Mycobacterium smegmatis - An Enzyme with Distinct Features. In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273 (22). pp. 13925-13935. Bhaduri, Tisha and Nagaraja, V (1994) DNA topoisomerase I from Mycobacterium smegmatis. In: Indian Journal of Biochemistry & Biophysics, 31 . pp. 339-343. ...
A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...
Background - The bacterial GlgE pathway is the third known route to glycogen and is the only one present in mycobacteria. It contributes to the virulence of…
A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...
Background - The bacterial GlgE pathway is the third known route to glycogen and is the only one present in mycobacteria. It contributes to the virulence of…
Structural biology of mycobacterial proteins: The Bangalore effort - ePrints@IIScStructural biology of mycobacterial proteins: The Bangalore effort - [email protected]
As part of an international effort and a national programme, structural analysis of mycobacterial proteins involved in recombination and repair, stringent response and protein synthesis has been undertaken, and work on proteins in a couple of metabolic pathways has been initiated. Already X-ray analysed are Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis RecA and their nucleotide complexes, and different crystal forms of M. tuberculosis single-stranded DNA binding protein, M. smegmatis DNA binding protein from stationary phase cells and M. tuberculosis ribosome recycling factor. A comparative study involving these structures and those of similar proteins from other sources brings out the special features of the mycobacterial proteins, which are likely to be useful in selective inhibitor design. The structures provide insights into the plasticity of the molecules and its biological implications, and yield valuable information on their assembly and quaternary structure. They also provide ...
katG2 - Catalase-peroxidase 2 - Mycolicibacterium smegmatis (strain ATCC 700084 / mc(2)155) - katG2 gene & proteinkatG2 - Catalase-peroxidase 2 - Mycolicibacterium smegmatis (strain ATCC 700084 / mc(2)155) - katG2 gene & protein
Bifunctional enzyme with both catalase and broad-spectrum peroxidase activity. May play a role in the intracellular survival of mycobacteria.
Spatially distinct and metabolically active membrane domain in mycobac by Jennifer M. Hayashi, John D. Leszyk et al."Spatially distinct and metabolically active membrane domain in mycobac" by Jennifer M. Hayashi, John D. Leszyk et al.
Protected from host immune attack and antibiotic penetration by their unique cell envelope, mycobacterial pathogens cause devastating human diseases such as tuberculosis. Seamless coordination of cell growth with cell envelope elongation at the pole maintains this barrier. Unraveling this spatiotemporal regulation is a potential strategy for controlling mycobacterial infections. Our biochemical analysis previously revealed two functionally distinct membrane fractions in Mycobacterium smegmatis cell lysates: plasma membrane tightly associated with the cell wall (PM-CW) and a distinct fraction of pure membrane free of cell wall components (PMf). To provide further insight into the functions of these membrane fractions, we took the approach of comparative proteomics and identified more than 300 proteins specifically associated with the PMf, including essential enzymes involved in cell envelope synthesis such as a mannosyltransferase, Ppm1, and a galactosyltransferase, GlfT2. Furthermore, comparative
The Transport of Iron from Ferriexochelin by Mycobacterium smegmatis | Biochemical Society TransactionsThe Transport of Iron from Ferriexochelin by Mycobacterium smegmatis | Biochemical Society Transactions
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Paralogous cAMP receptor proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis show biochemical and functional divergence. | Sigma-AldrichParalogous cAMP receptor proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis show biochemical and functional divergence. | Sigma-Aldrich
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Ritu Sharma, Anisha Zaveri, Jayashree Gopalakrishnapai, Thiruneelakantan Srinath, Srinath Thiruneelakantan, Umesh Varshney, Sandhya S Visweswariah].
2012 August | microrna inhibitor2012 August | microrna inhibitor
expression of MsParA DsRed2 fusion proteins. A linker was placed among MsParA and DsRed2 to stop achievable difficulties with protein folding. The recombinant plasmid pMV261MsTAG GFP/MsParA DsRed2 was electroporated into M. smegmatis. The resulting recombinant M. smegmatis stains were grown in 7H9 Kan Tw media at 37uC for two d, then cultured at 42uC for 2 h to improve the level of protein expression. Next, cells were collected and visualized by vibrant area and fluorescence microscopy using a Zeiss Axio Scope A1 microscope by using a CoolSnap ES CCD camera and a substantial strain mercury lamp. The MsTAG GFP fusion proteins have been imaged employing a GFP filter and MsParA DsRed2 fusion pro teins had been imaged working with a TRITC filter .. Digital photos were acquired and analyzed together with the Image Pro Plus computer software . M. smegmatis cells Ms/pMV261, Ms/pMV261MsTAG and Ms/ pMV261 MsTAG E46A have been cultured at 37uC in 7H9 media with 0. 012% MMS, and MsParA deleted mutant ...
SMART: Secondary literature for UTRA domainSMART: Secondary literature for UTRA domain
BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium smegmatis is fast growing non-pathogenicmycobacteria. This organism has been widely used as a model organism tostudy the biology of other virulent and extremely slow growing specieslike Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Based on the homology of the N-terminalDNA binding domain, the recently sequenced genome of M. smegmatis has beenshown to possess several putative GntR regulators. A strikingcharacteristic feature of this family of regulators is that they possess aconserved N-terminal DNA binding domain and a diverse C-terminal domaininvolved in the effector binding and/or oligomerization. Since thephysiological role of these regulators is critically dependent uponeffector binding and operator sites, we have analysed and classified theseregulators into their specific subfamilies and identified their potentialbinding sites. RESULTS: The sequence analysis of M. smegmatis putativeGntRs has revealed that FadR, HutC, MocR and the YtrA-like regulators areencoded by 45, 8, 8 and 1 ...
Most recent papers with the keyword Cell cycle tuberculosis | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Cell cycle tuberculosis | Read by QxMD
Peptidoglycan (PG), a polymer cross-linked by d-amino acid-containing peptides, is an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. We found that a fluorescent d-alanine analog (FDAA) incorporates chiefly at one of the two poles in Mycobacterium smegmatis but that polar dominance varies as a function of the cell cycle in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: immediately after cytokinesis, FDAAs are incorporated chiefly at one of the two poles, but just before cytokinesis, FDAAs are incorporated comparably at both. These observations suggest that mycobacterial PG-synthesizing enzymes are localized in functional compartments at the poles and septum and that the capacity for PG synthesis matures at the new pole in M ...
Ghosh, Pallavi - University at Albany-SUNYGhosh, Pallavi - University at Albany-SUNY
Our laboratory studies regulatory networks in Mycobacteria that control intrinsic resistance to a variety of stresses imposed by its environment, including oxidative and genotoxic stress, hypoxia, nutrient starvation, and exposure to multiple antibiotics which are common to both pathogenic and saprophytic species. Although a number of pathways have been described to account for the observed resistances, the mechanisms that control the expression of genes required in these processes remain poorly defined.. The ability of M. tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, to persist for many years in its human host, and the requirement for lengthy antibiotic regimens to eliminate drug sensitive strains reflects the effectiveness of the responses to stressful environments, many of which are likely to be adapted from stress responses common to mycobacteria, including saprophytes such as Mycobacterium smegmatis, our model organism. The detailed pathways, signals, regulatory responses and molecular ...
Fine-tuning of Substrate Affinity Leads to Alternative Roles of Mycoba by , Brianne E. Lewis et al."Fine-tuning of Substrate Affinity Leads to Alternative Roles of Mycoba" by , Brianne E. Lewis et al.
Little is known about iron efflux transporters within bacterial systems. Recently, the participation of Bacillus subtilis PfeT, a P1B4-ATPase, in cytoplasmic Fe(2+) efflux has been proposed. We report here the distinct roles of mycobacterial P1B4-ATPases in the homeostasis of Co(2+) and Fe(2+) Mutation of Mycobacterium smegmatis ctpJ affects the homeostasis of both ions. Alternatively, an M. tuberculosis ctpJ mutant is more sensitive to Co(2+) than Fe(2+), whereas mutation of the homologous M. tuberculosis ctpD leads to Fe(2+) sensitivity but no alterations in Co(2+) homeostasis. In vitro, the three enzymes are activated by both Fe(2+) and Co(2+) and bind 1 eq of either ion at their transport site. However, equilibrium binding affinities and activity kinetics show that M. tuberculosis CtpD has higher affinity for Fe(2+) and twice the Fe(2+)-stimulated activity than the CtpJs. These parameters are paralleled by a lower activation and affinity for Co(2+) Analysis of Fe(2+) and Co(2+) binding to CtpD by x
archive-edu.com: ferrum.edu - Franklin County Ninth-graders learn teamworkarchive-edu.com: ferrum.edu - Franklin County Ninth-graders learn teamwork
years ago Their partnership last year resulted in projects that allowed two Ferrum College students Terry Hall and Kevin Reynolds to present their research at a recent national meeting of the American Chemical Society It is wonderful to be able to involve students in meaningful research to benefit a local corporation and also to allow the students to present their work at technical conferences said Powell Dr Gazdik will be joining the collaboration this year bringing her expertise in microbiology to promote and monitor bacterial biofilm growth I am excited to join Dr Powell and International Scientific Technologies as they begin Phase 2 of this project It is a new line of research for me and I am looking forward to the diverse engaging and innovative research opportunities this will provide for our students said Gazdik who recently completed a project funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases studying Mycobacterium smegmatis as a model organism for tuberculosis Her ...
4rs3 - Summary - PDBj Mine PDB Explorer4rs3 - Summary - PDBj Mine PDB Explorer
4rs3: crystal structure of carbohydrate transporter a0qyb3 from mycobacterium smegmatis str. mc2 155, target efi-510969, in complex with xylitol
Koenzim F420 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедијаKoenzim F420 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
Koenzim F420 (8-hidroksi-5-deazaflavin) je koenzim koji učestvuje u redoks reakcijama u metanogenima,[1] u mnogim aktinobakterijama, i sporadično u drugim bakterijskim rodovima. On je flavinski derivat. Koenzim je supstrat za koenzim F420 hidrogenazu,[2] 5,10-metilentetrahidrometanopterin reduktazu i metilentetrahidrometanopterin dehidrogenazu.[3][4] Posebno bogat prirodni izvor F420 je Mycobacterium smegmatis, u kojoj nekoliko desetina enzima koristi F420 umesto srodnog kofaktora FMN koji koriste homologni enzimi većine drugih vrsta.[5] ...
The Actinobacteriophage Database | Phage PhrodoBagginsThe Actinobacteriophage Database | Phage PhrodoBaggins
Throughout this experiment, the phages were incubated in the M. smegmatis culture for at least 24 hours but up to 48 hours. Plaques formed by this phage in M. smegmatis culture are consistently round and clear and approximately 3-4 mm in diameter ...
Identification of three cytotoxic early proteins of mycobacteriophage L5 leading to growth inhibition in Mycobacterium...Identification of three cytotoxic early proteins of mycobacteriophage L5 leading to growth inhibition in Mycobacterium...
Mycobacteriophage L5 is a temperate phage with a broad host range among the fast- and slow-growing mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium ulcerans. L5 switches off host protein synthesis during the early stage of lytic growth, as was previously shown by protein expression profiling. Also, lethal genetic elements have been identified in L5 based on the fact that transformants could not be obtained with these genes. Using an inducible mycobacterial shuttle vector, we have identified three ORFs within an early operon of mycobacteriophage L5 which encode gene products (gp) toxic to the host M. smegmatis when expressed. These ORFs, coding for gp77, gp78 and gp79, presumably function as shut-off genes during early stages of phage replication. There is evidence that cell division is affected by one of the proteins (gp79). The transcription of the cytotoxic polypeptides is directed by a promoter situated in ORF83 and transcription control
Frontiers | Separation of Mycobacterium smegmatis From a Mixed Culture Using the Cell Wall Binding Domain of D29...Frontiers | Separation of Mycobacterium smegmatis From a Mixed Culture Using the Cell Wall Binding Domain of D29...
Pathological infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still a major global health concern. Traditional diagnostic methods are time-consuming, less sensitive, and lack high specificity. Due to an increase in the pathogenic graph of mycobacterial infections especially in developing countries, there is an urgent requirement for a rapid, low cost, and highly sensitive diagnostic method. D29 mycobacteriophage, which is capable of infecting and killing M. tuberculosis, projects itself as a potential candidate for the development of novel diagnostic methods and phage therapy of mycobacterial infections. In our previous study, we showed that the cell wall binding domain [C-terminal domain (CTD)] located at the C-terminal end of the D29 mycobacteriophage LysA endolysin very selectively binds to the peptidoglycan (PG) of Mycobacterium smegmatis and M. tuberculosis. Here, by using M. smegmatis as model organism and by exploiting the PG binding ability of CTD, we have developed a method to isolate M.
A Bioinformatics Approach to Revealing the Genetic Basis for Host Range Specificity by Hayley A. Norian"A Bioinformatics Approach to Revealing the Genetic Basis for Host Range Specificity" by Hayley A. Norian
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that infect bacteria. Mycobacteriophages are bacteriophages that specifically infect the genus Mycobacterium. This genus of bacteria includes human pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium ulcerans, which cause tuberculosis, leprosy and Buruli ulcer, respectively. The full genome sequences of 654 mycobacteriophages are currently available. Collectively, these 654 phages encode 69,581 genes. Only 20.25% of these genes have at least one known homologue in NCBI, the National Center for Biotechnology Information, leaving roughly 80% of all known mycobacteriophage genes without even a predicted function. Bacteriophages are highly host-specific and typically only infect a small number of bacterial hosts. The host range of 204 mycobacteriophages, initially isolated on Mycobacterium smegmatis strain mc2 155, was recently determined on three other bacterial hosts: M. tuberculosis and two M. smegmatis strains, Jucho and MKD8. The
TB vaccine candidate shows early promiseTB vaccine candidate shows early promise
Aeras, a Rockville, MD-based non-profit development partnership dedicated to preventing TB, has licensed the technology described in this study and is using it to develop a new TB vaccine. The technology could also provide the basis for vaccines that eliminate leprosy and other virulent mycobacteria from infected tissues.. The groups paper is titled "A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against M. tuberculosis." Other Einstein researchers involved in the study were lead author Kari Sweeney, Ph.D.; Dee Dao, Ph.D.; Michael Goldberg, M.S.; Tsungda Hsu, Ph.D.; Manjunatha Venkataswamy, Ph.D.; Rani Sellers, Ph.D., DVM; Paras Jain, Ph.D.; Bing Chen, M.D.; Mei Chen; John Kim, Regy Lukose, John Chan, M.D.; and Steven Porcelli, M.D.. Diane Ordway, Ph.D., and Ian Orme, Ph.D., of Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO were also co-authors of the study. The research was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National ...
Positional isotope exchange analysis of the Mycobacterium smegmatis cysteine ligase (MshC)<...Positional isotope exchange analysis of the Mycobacterium smegmatis cysteine ligase (MshC)<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Positional isotope exchange analysis of the Mycobacterium smegmatis cysteine ligase (MshC). AU - Williams, La Kenya. AU - Fan, Fan. AU - Blanchard, John S.. AU - Raushel, Frank M.. PY - 2008/4/22. Y1 - 2008/4/22. N2 - MshC catalyzes the ATP-dependent condensation of GlcN-Ins and cysteine to form Cys-GlcN-Ins, which is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of mycothiol, i.e., 1-D-myo-inosityl-2-(N-acetyl-L-cysteinyl)amido-2-deoxy-α- D-glucopyranoside (MSH or AcCys-GlcN-Ins). MSH is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, members of the Actinomycetes family, to maintain an intracellular reducing environment and protect against oxidative and antibiotic induced stress. The biosynthesis of MSH is essential for cell growth, and therefore, the MSH biosynthetic enzymes present potential targets for inhibitor design. The formation of kinetically competent adenylated intermediates was suggested by the observation of positional isotope exchange (PIX) reaction using [βγ-18O6]-ATP in ...
Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase from Mycobacterium smegmatis - Publications of the IAS FellowsRegulation of ornithine decarboxylase from Mycobacterium smegmatis - Publications of the IAS Fellows
The activity of ornithine decarboxylase in Mycobacterium smegmatis is regulated by a novel macromolecular inhibitor-a ribonucleic acid. Addition of polyamines to the growth medium enhances the level of this inhibitor, suggesting that the level of this negative modulator changes in response to the intracellular concentration of polyamines. Thus, while other modes of regulation may be operational, the control by polyamines at the transcriptional level leading to the generation of a specific RNA inhibitor seems to be a key element in the regulation of ornithine decarboxylase in mycobacteria. ...
Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan) Lehmann and Neumann ATCC ® 607&Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan) Lehmann and Neumann ATCC ® 607&
Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC ® 607™ Designation: TypeStrain=False Application: Assay of bleomycin Bacteriophage host Pharmaceutical and Personal Care
Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan) Lehmann and Neumann ATCC ® 607&Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan) Lehmann and Neumann ATCC ® 607&
Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC ® 607™ Designation: TypeStrain=False Application: Assay of bleomycin Bacteriophage host Pharmaceutical and Personal Care
Mycobacteriophage L5 gp71 protein Summary Report | CureHunterMycobacteriophage L5 gp71 protein Summary Report | CureHunter
Mycobacteriophage L5 gp71 protein: confers immunity to L5 superinfection; 183 amino acid residues; amino acid sequence given in first source
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoprotein MPT83 Induces Apoptosis of Infected Macrophages by Activating the TLR2/p38/COX-2...Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoprotein MPT83 Induces Apoptosis of Infected Macrophages by Activating the TLR2/p38/COX-2...
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to pose a serious global health threat. The attenuated Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin, as the only licensed vaccine, has limited protective efficacy against TB. The development of more effective antituberculosis vaccines is urgent and demands for further identification and understanding of M. tuberculosis Ags. MPT83 (Rv2873), a secreted mycobacterial lipoprotein, has been applied into subunit vaccine development and shown protective effects against M. tuberculosis infection in animals; however, the understanding of the underlying mechanism is limited. In present study, we systematically studied the effect of MPT83 on macrophage apoptosis by constructing Mycobacterium smegmatis strain overexpressing MPT83 (MS_MPT83) and purifying rMPT83 protein. We found that MPT83 induced apoptosis in both human and mouse macrophages. MPT83 induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression at both the transcriptional and protein levels in ...
PLOS ONE: Expanding the Diversity of Mycobacteriophages: Insights into Genome Architecture and EvolutionPLOS ONE: Expanding the Diversity of Mycobacteriophages: Insights into Genome Architecture and Evolution
Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacterial hosts such as Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All mycobacteriophages characterized to date are dsDNA tailed phages, and have either siphoviral or myoviral morphotypes. However, their genetic diversity is considerable, and although sixty-two genomes have been sequenced and comparatively analyzed, these likely represent only a small portion of the diversity of the mycobacteriophage population at large. Here we report the isolation, sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of 18 new mycobacteriophages isolated from geographically distinct locations within the United States. Although no clear correlation between location and genome type can be discerned, these genomes expand our knowledge of mycobacteriophage diversity and enhance our understanding of the roles of mobile elements in viral evolution. Expansion of the number of mycobacteriophages grouped within Cluster A provides insights into the basis of immune specificity
The role of pknG in mycobacterial physiology, including M. tuberculosis :: University of Southern California Dissertations and...The role of pknG in mycobacterial physiology, including M. tuberculosis :: University of Southern California Dissertations and...
134 23. Geier H, et al. (2008) Autoinducer-2 triggers the oxidative stress response in Mycobacterium avium, leading to biofilm formation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 1798-1804. 24. Gopalaswamy R, et al. (2008) Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilm formation and sliding motility are affected by the serine/threonine protein kinase PknF. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 278, 121-127. 25. Hanlon WA, et al. (1997) Pkn9, a Ser/Thr protein kinase involved in the development of Myxococcus xanthus. Mol. Microbiol. 23, 459-471. 26. Harper C, et al. (2008) Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a comparison with mechanisms in Corynebacterium glutamicum and Streptomyces coelicolor. IUBMB life 60, 643-650. 27. Houben EN, et al. (2009) Differential expression of a virulence factor in pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria. Mol. Microbiol. 72, 41-52. 28. Hunter T (1995) Protein kinases and phosphatases: the yin and yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling. Cell 80, 225-236. 29. Jefferson KK ...
Overexpression of inhA, but not kasA, confers resistance to isoniazid and ethionamide in Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. bovis BCG...Overexpression of inhA, but not kasA, confers resistance to isoniazid and ethionamide in Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. bovis BCG...
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OPUS 4 | Thiol-redox proteomics of Mycobacterium smegmatis in response to ROS, RNS and antibioticsOPUS 4 | Thiol-redox proteomics of Mycobacterium smegmatis in response to ROS, RNS and antibiotics
Bacteria are exposed to oxidative stress as an unavoidable consequence of their aerobic lifestyle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in the stepwise one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen during the respiration. Pathogens encounter ROS during the oxidative burst of macrophages as part of the host immune defense. Besides ROS, bacteria also have to cope with reactive chlorine, electrophilic and nitrogen species (RCS, RES, RNS). To cope with these reactive species, bacteria have evolved different defense and repair mechanisms. To maintain the reduced state of the cytoplasm, they utilize low molecular weight (LMW) thiols. LMW thiols are small thiol-containing compounds that can undergo post-translational thiolmodifications with protein thiols, termed as S-thiolations. S-thiolations function as major redox regulatory and thiol-protection mechanism under oxidative stress conditions. In eukaryotes and Gram-negative bacteria, the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) functions as major LMW thiol, which is
par genes in Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium smegmatisare arranged in an operon transcribed from SigGC promoters | BMC...par genes in Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium smegmatisare arranged in an operon transcribed from "SigGC" promoters | BMC...
We found evidence that the chromosomal parA and parB genes of M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis are expressed from multiple promoters. To identify the promoter sequences that regulate the expression of the par genes, we mapped the transcription start sites of the par-mRNAs by primer extension and confirmed the activity of the identified promoters by transcriptional fusions to a fluorescent reporter. We also demonstrated that in M. bovis BCG the parA and parB genes are differentially expressed during the exponential and stationary growth phases.. In all microorganisms studied thus far, plasmid and chromosome-encoded partitioning genes are arranged in an operon. Transcription of the par genes is driven by one (in F and R1 plasmids, P1 prophage and C. crescentus) or two (in S. coelicolor) promoters located upstream of the gene encoding the ATPase (parA or sopA) [5, 7, 13, 15, 32]. The jag, gidB, parA and parB genes of M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis shared orientation and close spacing, suggesting that ...
ESCRT factors restrict mycobacterial growth.ESCRT factors restrict mycobacterial growth.
Nearly 1.7 billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its ability to survive intracellularly is thought to be central to its success as a pathogen, but how it does this is poorly understood. Using a Drosophila model of infection, we identify three host cell activities, Rab7, CG8743, and the ESCRT machinery, that modulate the mycobacterial phagosome. In the absence of these factors the cell no longer restricts growth of the non-pathogen Mycobacterium smegmatis. Hence, we identify factors that represent unique vulnerabilities of the host cell, because manipulation of any one of them alone is sufficient to allow a nonpathogenic mycobacterial species to proliferate. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, in mammalian cells, the ESCRT machinery plays a conserved role in restricting bacterial growth. ...
Aminoglycoside 2-N-acetyltransferase genes are universally present in mycobacteria: characterization of the aac(2)-Ic gene...Aminoglycoside 2'-N-acetyltransferase genes are universally present in mycobacteria: characterization of the aac(2')-Ic gene...
The genus Mycobacterium comprises clinically important pathogens such as M. tuberculosis, which has reemerged as a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide especially with the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. The use of fast-growing species such as Mycobacterium smegmatis has allow …
The Times Microbial: RecQs Role in Illegitimate RecombinationThe Times Microbial: RecQ's Role in Illegitimate Recombination
Although DNA is surprisingly fluid, there are enzymes that mediate recombination--by initiating DNA binding, strand invasion, and stabilizing ssDNA intermediates. Also, of important note, is that organisms have varying degrees of recombination levels. A classical example occurs within the Mycobacteria. Mycobacterium smegmatis has relatively low levels of illegitimate recombination (IR), while M. tuberculosis is notorious for high levels of IR compared to homologous recombination. This raises a question that can be phrased in a few ways. "What enzymes are responsible for IR?" or perhaps, "What enzymes for homologous recombination are lacking ...
HHMI at William & Mary - Travel Awards 2007-2010HHMI at William & Mary - Travel Awards 2007-2010
Isolation and Characterization of 16 Novel Bacteriophages Infecting Mycobacterium smegmatis; Complete Genome Sequences of Three Isolates, Doom, Fascinus, and Nemo.. 110th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology; 05/23 - 05/27/2010 (Mark, Forsyth, Biology). Kaeser, Gwen ...
Giles (bacteriophage)Giles (bacteriophage)
Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolasePalmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
N-acetyl-1-D-myo-inositol-2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside deacetylaseN-acetyl-1-D-myo-inositol-2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside deacetylase
TrehalaseTrehalase
Methylisocitrate lyaseMethylisocitrate lyase
HypothiocyaniteHypothiocyanite
Mycobacterium goodiiMycobacterium goodii
Handkea utriformisHandkea utriformis
Daisy Roulland-DussoixDaisy Roulland-Dussoix
Starch synthase (maltosyl-transferring)Starch synthase (maltosyl-transferring)
DesiccationDesiccation
Ashish AroraAshish Arora
Penicillin binding proteinsPenicillin binding proteins
M2 hol familyM2 hol family
MycobacteriumMycobacterium
Ms1 small RNAMs1 small RNA
MycofactocinMycofactocin
SmegmaSmegma
Mycobacterium smegmatisMycobacterium smegmatis
Joseph J. KatzJoseph J. Katz
Trehalose O-mycolyltransferaseTrehalose O-mycolyltransferase
Syzygium samarangenseSyzygium samarangense
Undecaprenyl-phosphate mannosyltransferaseUndecaprenyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase
Mycobacterium phage patienceMycobacterium phage patience
Mycobacterium tuberculosis sRNAMycobacterium tuberculosis sRNA
L-cysteine:1D-myo-inositol 2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside ligaseL-cysteine:1D-myo-inositol 2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside ligase
Lycoperdon perlatumLycoperdon perlatum
ErgothioneineErgothioneine
Diploicia canescensDiploicia canescens
Phage r1t holin familyPhage r1t holin family
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Mycobacterium smegmatisMycobacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium bovisMycobacterium aviumMycobacterium InfectionsNontuberculous MycobacteriaMycobacteriophagesMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousMycobacterium lepraeBacterial ProteinsMycobacterium fortuitumMycolic AcidsMycobacterium avium ComplexMycobacterium chelonaeAntitubercular AgentsEthambutolMycobacterium phleiMycobacterium marinumTuberculosisMycobacterium kansasiiMolecular Sequence DataMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisIsoniazidDNA, BacterialGenes, BacterialGalactansGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMycobacterium avium-intracellulare InfectionViomycinMycobacterium ulceransCell WallGlycopeptidesRifampinAntigens, BacterialAmino Acid SequenceErgothioneineMicrobial Sensitivity TestsEthionamideTuberculosis, PulmonaryGlycolipidsBase SequenceAlanine RacemaseInositolCord FactorsDrug Resistance, BacterialCycloserineMutationCulture MediaPolysorbatesMicrobial ViabilityGenetic Complementation TestDNA Transposable ElementsCapreomycinRhamnoseDrug Resistance, MicrobialMethylmannosidesCloning, MolecularGene DeletionRNA, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsStreptomycinSequence Analysis, DNATuberculosis VaccinesMycobacterium lepraemuriumMycobacterium scrofulaceumAntibiotics, AntitubercularBCG VaccineChromatography, Thin LayerMacrophagesMutagenesis, InsertionalDisaccharidesSpecies SpecificityMycobacteriaceaeBacteriological TechniquesMycobacterium xenopiAlanine-tRNA LigaseLeprosyPorinsSequence Homology, Amino AcidMannosidesArabinosePolymerase Chain ReactionOxazolesSequence AlignmentDihydrostreptomycin SulfateGenome, BacterialEscherichia coliGenes, EssentialTransformation, BacterialTuberculosis, BovineLeprostatic AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsPlasmidsAmidohydrolasesMannosyltransferasesAlanine DehydrogenaseNicotinamidaseMycobacterium haemophilumTrehaloseColony Count, MicrobialOpen Reading FramesAcyltransferasesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SOperonPyrazinamideDNA GyraseSubstrate SpecificityKanamycin ResistanceSputumPromoter Regions, GeneticGlycine DehydrogenaseDianisidinePhagosomesMannoseGene Knockout TechniquesArmadillosSiderophoresBacterial Typing TechniquesRecombinant ProteinsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationFatty Acid SynthasesTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantKineticsVirulenceNitroreductases
Mycobacterium smegmatis - RedorbitMycobacterium smegmatis - Redorbit
Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1899 articles - Encyclopedia of LifeMycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan 1889) Lehmann & Neumann 1899 articles - Encyclopedia of Life
Paralogous cAMP receptor proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis show biochemical and functional divergence. | Sigma-AldrichParalogous cAMP receptor proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis show biochemical and functional divergence. | Sigma-Aldrich
Mycobacterium smegmatis LfrA protein Summary Report | CureHunterMycobacterium smegmatis LfrA protein Summary Report | CureHunter
MSMEG 6441 (Mycobacterium smegmatis str. MC2 155) | Gene Target - PubChemMSMEG 6441 (Mycobacterium smegmatis str. MC2 155) | Gene Target - PubChem
The Transport of Iron from Ferriexochelin by Mycobacterium smegmatis | Biochemical Society TransactionsThe Transport of Iron from Ferriexochelin by Mycobacterium smegmatis | Biochemical Society Transactions
Maturing Mycobacterium smegmatis peptidoglycan requires non-canonical crosslinks to maintain shape | eLifeMaturing Mycobacterium smegmatis peptidoglycan requires non-canonical crosslinks to maintain shape | eLife
British Library EThOS: Comparing the metabolism and metabolic capabilities of Mycobacterium smegmatis vs Mycobacterium bovis...British Library EThOS: Comparing the metabolism and metabolic capabilities of Mycobacterium smegmatis vs Mycobacterium bovis...
A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...
AID 562238 - Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis assessed as growth inhibition in mid-logarithmic phase...AID 562238 - Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis assessed as growth inhibition in mid-logarithmic phase...
The Non-Pathogenic Mycobacteria M. Smegmatis and M. Fortuitum Induce Rapid Host Cell Apoptosis Via a Caspase-3 and TNF...The Non-Pathogenic Mycobacteria M. Smegmatis and M. Fortuitum Induce Rapid Host Cell Apoptosis Via a Caspase-3 and TNF...
Ion homeostasis in Mycobacterium smegmatisIon homeostasis in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Characterisation of VapC in Mycobacterium smegmatisCharacterisation of VapC in Mycobacterium smegmatis
ASMscience | Developing and Mature Biofilms Produced by Mycobacterium smegmatisASMscience | Developing and Mature Biofilms Produced by Mycobacterium smegmatis
Interaction of Erp Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Rv2212 Enhances Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis...Interaction of Erp Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Rv2212 Enhances Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis...
4rs3 - Summary - PDBj Mine PDB Explorer4rs3 - Summary - PDBj Mine PDB Explorer
SMART: Secondary literature for UTRA domainSMART: Secondary literature for UTRA domain
Mycobacterium smegmatis - WikipediaMycobacterium smegmatis - Wikipedia
Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan) Lehmann and Neumann ATCC ® 607&Mycobacterium smegmatis (Trevisan) Lehmann and Neumann ATCC ® 607&
Cytokine-modified Mycobacterium smegmatis as a novel anticancer immunotherapy. - PubMed - NCBICytokine-modified Mycobacterium smegmatis as a novel anticancer immunotherapy. - PubMed - NCBI
pckG - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP] - Mycobacterium smegmatis - pckG gene & proteinpckG - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP] - Mycobacterium smegmatis - pckG gene & protein
New tRNA contacts facilitate ligand binding in a Mycobacterium smegmatis T box riboswitch | PNASNew tRNA contacts facilitate ligand binding in a Mycobacterium smegmatis T box riboswitch | PNAS
RCSB PDB - 3NDO: Crystal structure of deoxyribose phosphate aldolase from mycobacterium smegmatisRCSB PDB - 3NDO: Crystal structure of deoxyribose phosphate aldolase from mycobacterium smegmatis
gyrB - DNA gyrase subunit B - Mycobacterium smegmatis - gyrB gene & proteingyrB - DNA gyrase subunit B - Mycobacterium smegmatis - gyrB gene & protein
The dUTPase Enzyme Is Essential in Mycobacterium smegmatisThe dUTPase Enzyme Is Essential in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Isolation problems and structural organization of membrane units in Mycobacterium sp. smegmatis | SpringerLinkIsolation problems and structural organization of membrane units in Mycobacterium sp. smegmatis | SpringerLink
KEGG PATHWAY: Nucleotide excision repair - Mycobacterium smegmatis MC2 155KEGG PATHWAY: Nucleotide excision repair - Mycobacterium smegmatis MC2 155
Efflux pump of the proton antiporter family confers low-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis | PNASEfflux pump of the proton antiporter family confers low-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis | PNAS
IS1549 from Mycobacterium smegmatis Forms Long Direct Repeats upon Insertion | Journal of BacteriologyIS1549 from Mycobacterium smegmatis Forms Long Direct Repeats upon Insertion | Journal of Bacteriology
RCSB PDB - 3ZOA: The structure of Trehalose Synthase (TreS) of Mycobacterium smegmatis in complex with acarboseRCSB PDB - 3ZOA: The structure of Trehalose Synthase (TreS) of Mycobacterium smegmatis in complex with acarbose
The specialized secretory apparatus ESX-1 is essential for DNA transfer in Mycobacterium smegmatis. - PubMed - NCBIThe specialized secretory apparatus ESX-1 is essential for DNA transfer in Mycobacterium smegmatis. - PubMed - NCBI
Frontiers | Mycobacterium smegmatis PhoU Proteins Have Overlapping Functions in Phosphate Signaling and Are Essential |...Frontiers | Mycobacterium smegmatis PhoU Proteins Have Overlapping Functions in Phosphate Signaling and Are Essential |...
NADH Dehydrogenase Defects Confer Isoniazid Resistance and Conditional Lethality in Mycobacterium smegmatis | Journal of...NADH Dehydrogenase Defects Confer Isoniazid Resistance and Conditional Lethality in Mycobacterium smegmatis | Journal of...
Search results for: Mycobacterium smegmatisSearch results for: 'Mycobacterium smegmatis'
The growth rate of Mycobacterium smegmatis depends on sufficient porin-mediated influx of nutrients. | Sigma-AldrichThe growth rate of Mycobacterium smegmatis depends on sufficient porin-mediated influx of nutrients. | Sigma-Aldrich
Frontiers | Dissecting the Mechanism of Intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis Growth Inhibition by Platelet Activating Factor C...Frontiers | Dissecting the Mechanism of Intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis Growth Inhibition by Platelet Activating Factor C...
Crystal Structure of PhnF, a GntR-family Transcriptional Regulator of Phosphate Transport in Mycobacterium SmegmatisCrystal Structure of PhnF, a GntR-family Transcriptional Regulator of Phosphate Transport in Mycobacterium Smegmatis
Biochemical characterization of the 49 kDa penicillin-binding protein of Mycobacterium smegmatis | Biochemical Journal |...Biochemical characterization of the 49 kDa penicillin-binding protein of Mycobacterium smegmatis | Biochemical Journal |...
Intracellular accumulation of norfloxacin in Mycobacterium smegmatis. | Antimicrobial Agents and ChemotherapyIntracellular accumulation of norfloxacin in Mycobacterium smegmatis. | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
CiNii 論文 - Structures of ADP-Ribosylated Rifampicin and Its Metabolite : Intermediates of...CiNii 論文 - Structures of ADP-Ribosylated Rifampicin and Its Metabolite : Intermediates of...
Ergothioneine Is a Secreted Antioxidant in Mycobacterium smegmatis | Antimicrobial Agents and ChemotherapyErgothioneine Is a Secreted Antioxidant in Mycobacterium smegmatis | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Mycobacterium smegmatisMycobacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium bovisMycobacterium aviumMycobacterium InfectionsNontuberculous MycobacteriaMycobacteriophagesMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousMycobacterium lepraeBacterial ProteinsMycobacterium fortuitumMycolic AcidsMycobacterium avium ComplexMycobacterium chelonaeAntitubercular AgentsEthambutolMycobacterium phleiMycobacterium marinumTuberculosisMycobacterium kansasiiMolecular Sequence DataMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisIsoniazidDNA, BacterialGenes, BacterialGalactansGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMycobacterium avium-intracellulare InfectionViomycinMycobacterium ulceransCell WallGlycopeptidesRifampinAntigens, BacterialAmino Acid SequenceErgothioneineMicrobial Sensitivity TestsEthionamideTuberculosis, PulmonaryGlycolipidsBase SequenceAlanine RacemaseInositolCord FactorsDrug Resistance, BacterialCycloserineMutationCulture MediaPolysorbatesMicrobial ViabilityGenetic Complementation TestDNA Transposable ElementsCapreomycinRhamnoseDrug Resistance, MicrobialMethylmannosidesCloning, MolecularGene DeletionRNA, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsStreptomycinSequence Analysis, DNATuberculosis VaccinesMycobacterium lepraemuriumMycobacterium scrofulaceumAntibiotics, AntitubercularBCG VaccineChromatography, Thin LayerMacrophagesMutagenesis, InsertionalDisaccharidesSpecies SpecificityMycobacteriaceaeBacteriological TechniquesMycobacterium xenopiAlanine-tRNA LigaseLeprosyPorinsSequence Homology, Amino AcidMannosidesArabinosePolymerase Chain ReactionOxazolesSequence AlignmentDihydrostreptomycin SulfateGenome, BacterialEscherichia coliGenes, EssentialTransformation, BacterialTuberculosis, BovineLeprostatic AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsPlasmidsAmidohydrolasesMannosyltransferasesAlanine DehydrogenaseNicotinamidaseMycobacterium haemophilumTrehaloseColony Count, MicrobialOpen Reading FramesAcyltransferasesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SOperonPyrazinamideDNA GyraseSubstrate SpecificityKanamycin ResistanceSputumPromoter Regions, GeneticGlycine DehydrogenaseDianisidinePhagosomesMannoseGene Knockout TechniquesArmadillosSiderophoresBacterial Typing TechniquesRecombinant ProteinsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationFatty Acid SynthasesTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantKineticsVirulenceNitroreductases
TuberculosisGenomeBacteriaGeneMycobacterialMSMEGActinobacteriaProteinsThesisFortuitumPathogenicUtilizationHomeostasisPathwaysHypoxiaIntracellularBacterialCharacterizeMethodsGrowthCellsCellFastMsmegResponse of Mycobacterium smegmatis to nitrogenLepraeStrains of Mycobacterium tuberculosisBiosynthesisProteinGenome of Mycobacterium smegmatisPathogensPathwayMutationRecombinantMutantMacrophagesSaprophyteProduced by Mycobacterium tuberculosisVirulenceImmunogenicityGeneticMycolicEncodeVitro growthInhibitionAgent of tuberculosisMutationsHigh-affinityResistanceFtsZExpressionStrainBiochemicalPhosphate TransportEssentialSaprophyticEnzymePathogenic mycobacteriaIsoniazidDrug resistantPhenotypeMechanismWidelyGenus
Tuberculosis8
Genome2
Bacteria1
Gene1
Mycobacterial3
MSMEG1
Actinobacteria1
Proteins1
Thesis2
Fortuitum1
Pathogenic5
Utilization1
Homeostasis3
  • There remains a paucity of information regarding ion homeostasis networks and pathways in mycobacteria. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Disruption of potassium homeostasis in the ΔtrkA mutant of M. smegmatis resulted in the reduction of (~10-50%) intracellular potassium concentrations and elevated (~10-30%) intracellular sodium concentrations, coupled with reductions in viability and persistence under hypoxia. (otago.ac.nz)
  • This study has demonstrated the molecular inventory of intracellular ions in M. smegmatis under several key laboratory conditions and has characterised essential components of ion homeostasis and more specifically, potassium homeostasis and energetics in mycobacteria. (otago.ac.nz)
Pathways1
  • Mycobacteria are part of the native microflora found in soils and aquatic environments and harbour an extensive repertoire of uptake and efflux and secretion pathways to modulate ions and metabolites including, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, nickel, manganese, zinc, copper and cobalt. (otago.ac.nz)
Hypoxia1
  • Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analysis of wild-type M. smegmatis and energy-driven ion transport mutants revealed the molecular inventory of cations in M. smegmatis under normoxia and hypoxia. (otago.ac.nz)
Intracellular1
  • The intracellular cation profile of M. smegmatis was comprised primarily of sodium (40-85%), potassium (10-55%) and magnesium (5-7%), while trace elements consisting of calcium, iron, nickel, manganese, zinc, copper and cobalt were less than 1.5% of the profile. (otago.ac.nz)
Bacterial1
Characterize1
  • This study explores the potential use of computational models to characterize the sites targeted by VapC in Mycobacterium smegmatis. (waikato.ac.nz)
Methods1
  • Comparison of different methods for thin section EM analysis of Mycobacterium smegmatis. (eol.org)
Growth1
  • General Significance - This study highlights how the lowering of flux through the GlgE pathway can slow the growth mycobacteria. (jic.ac.uk)
Cells1
Cell3
Fast1
  • These observations lend support to the hypothesis that the strong induction of the innate immune response is a major reason for the lack of pathogenicity in fast-growing mycobacteria. (www.gov.uk)
Msmeg5
Response of Mycobacterium smegmatis to nitrogen1
Leprae3
  • Convit, J.: Electron microscope study of Mycobacterium leprae and its environment in a vesicular leprous lesion. (springer.com)
  • The chromosomal regions surrounding the origins of DNA replication from M. smegmatis, M. tuberculosis, and M. leprae have been sequenced, and show very few differences. (epfl.ch)
  • By means of subcloning experiments, the putative chromosomal origin of replication of M. smegmatis, containing the dnaA-dnaN region, was shown to promote autonomous replication in M. smegmatis, unlike the corresponding regions from M. tuberculosis or M. leprae. (epfl.ch)
Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis2
Biosynthesis2
Protein11
Genome of Mycobacterium smegmatis2
Pathogens2
Pathway9
Mutation3
  • Mutation accumulation experiments of M. smegmatis yielded a base-substitution mutation rate of 5.27 × 10 −10 per site per generation, or 0.0036 per genome per generation, which is surprisingly similar to the mutation rate in MMR-functional unicellular organisms. (g3journal.org)
  • We also found that the transition-mutation rate of M. smegmatis is significantly lower than that of other naturally MMR-devoid or MMR-knockout organisms. (g3journal.org)
  • The mutation features of M. smegmatis provide further evidence that genomes harbor alternative routes for improving replication fidelity, even in the absence of major repair pathways. (g3journal.org)
Recombinant7
Mutant13
  • However, a complex plasmid swapping strategy was required to generate the Δ phoU1 Δ phoU2 mutant, suggesting that either phoU1 or phoU2 is essential for in vitro growth of M. smegmatis . (frontiersin.org)
  • Deletion of egtD from wild-type M. smegmatis and an MSH-deficient mutant did not affect their susceptibility to antibiotics tested in this study. (asm.org)
  • An unmarked deletion mutant in pitA of M. smegmatis was created. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • However, increased expression of the remaining phosphate transporters in the mutant indicates a compensatory mechanism and implies that PitA is indeed used for the uptake of phosphate in M. smegmatis. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • We investigated the role of GlnR in the nitrogen limitation response and determined the entire GlnR regulon , by combining expression profiling of M. smegmatis wild type and glnR deletion mutant, with GlnR-specific chromatin immunoprecipitation and high throughput sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we demonstrate that the M. smegmatis alr insertion mutant TAM23 can synthesize d-alanine at lower levels than the parental strain. (unl.edu)
  • My data suggest that a ∆cadC mutant is defective in the generation or replenishment of intracellular lysine and DAP levels that are essential for growth and survival in mycobacteria. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Here we show that Mycobacterium smegmatis MmpL3 mutant strains had an altered cell wall hydrophobicity, disrupted membrane potential and growth defects in liquid media. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • M. smegmatis MmpL3 mutant strains were resistant to two anti-tubercular agents, SQ109 and AU1235, but were more sensitive to rifampicin, erythromycin and ampicillin. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In this study, transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) of an M. smegmatis Δ prrAB mutant was used to define the PrrAB regulon and provide insights into the essential nature of PrrAB in M. tuberculosis . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Disruption of potassium homeostasis in the ΔtrkA mutant of M. smegmatis resulted in the reduction of (~10-50%) intracellular potassium concentrations and elevated (~10-30%) intracellular sodium concentrations, coupled with reductions in viability and persistence under hypoxia. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The M. smegmatis alr insertion mutant TAM23 exhibited essentially identical growth to wild-type mc 2 155 in the absence of d-alanine. (nebraska.edu)
  • In addition, we have demonstrated that a double deletion mutant M. smegmatis MS6039-5941 [DMSMEG_6039 (DkshB1) and DMSMEG_5941 (DkstD1)] transforms natural sterols into 4-androstene-3,17-dione with high yields. (cyberleninka.org)
Macrophages9
Saprophyte3
Produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis1
Virulence4
Immunogenicity1
Genetic4
Mycolic2
Encode1
Vitro growth1
Inhibition2
  • Use of a number of PAF C-16 structural analogs, including Lyso-PAF, 2-O-methyl PAF, PAF C-18 and Hexanolamino PAF, revealed that the presence of acetyl group (CH 3 CO) at sn -2 position of the glycerol backbone of PAF is important for the intracellular growth inhibition activity against M. smegmatis . (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of this, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is more rapidly killed using a combination of drugs capable of PBP- and LDT- inhibition. (elifesciences.org)
Agent of tuberculosis2
Mutations1
High-affinity3
  • Addgene: The Phn system of Mycobacterium smegmatis: a second high-affinity ABC-transporter for phosphate. (addgene.org)
  • Furthermore, I showed that M. smegmatis has a high-affinity lysine uptake system that exhibited high rates of lysine transport during growth in minimal medium, which was significantly reduced during growth in rich medium. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The present study was directed at investigating the role of the low-affinity phosphate transporter in a bacterium containing at least two high-affinity systems, using the model of M. smegmatis . (biomedcentral.com)
Resistance5
FtsZ2
Expression4
Strain2
  • Conjugal DNA transfer in M. smegmatis requires stable and extended contact between a donor and a recipient strain, is DNase resistant, and the transferred DNA is incorporated into the recipient's chromosome by homologous recombination. (wikipedia.org)
  • These findings suggest that the catabolism of cholesterol in M. smegmatis mc2155 is easy to handle and equally efficient for sterol transformation than other industrial strains, paving the way for valuating this strain as a suitable industrial cell factory to develop a la carte metabolic engineering strategies for the industrial production of pharmaceutical steroids. (cyberleninka.org)
Biochemical1
  • A detailed biochemical analysis of PhnF binding to its identified binding sites in the phnD-phnF intergenic region of M. smegmatis has allowed us to propose a quantitative model for repressor binding, which shows that a PhnF dimer binds independently to each site. (nih.gov)
Phosphate Transport2
Essential3
  • The specialized secretory apparatus ESX-1 is essential for DNA transfer in Mycobacterium smegmatis. (nih.gov)
  • This study has demonstrated the molecular inventory of intracellular ions in M. smegmatis under several key laboratory conditions and has characterised essential components of ion homeostasis and more specifically, potassium homeostasis and energetics in mycobacteria. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Our results provide further support for the hypothesis that Alr is not an essential function of M. smegmatis and that specific Alr inhibitors will have no bactericidal action. (nebraska.edu)
Saprophytic1
  • Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous and saprophytic organisms that have been implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases due to an increasing number of immunocompromised patients . (bvsalud.org)
Enzyme1
  • The kinetic properties of the M. smegmatis enzyme were also similar to known prokaryotic methionine adenosyltransferases. (beds.ac.uk)
Pathogenic mycobacteria3
Isoniazid2
Drug resistant1
Phenotype1
  • We show that abrogation of Ung activity in P. aeruginosa and M. smegmatis confers upon them an increased mutator phenotype and sensitivity to reactive nitrogen intermediates generated by acidified nitrite. (iisc.ac.in)
Mechanism1
  • Conjugal DNA transfer in Mycobacterium smegmatis occurs by a mechanism distinct from plasmid-mediated DNA transfer. (nih.gov)
Widely1
  • To date, the acetamide-inducible system of Mycobacterium smegmatis has been the most widely used controllable promoter in mycobacteria ( 7 , 20 ). (asm.org)
Genus1
A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and...
A temperature-sensitive Mycobacterium smegmatis glgE mutation leads to a loss of GlgE enzyme activity and thermostability and... (jic.ac.uk)
PDB 5xyu structure summary ‹ Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) ‹ EMBL-EBI
PDB 5xyu structure summary ‹ Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) ‹ EMBL-EBI (ebi.ac.uk)
RCSB PDB - 3NDO: Crystal structure of deoxyribose phosphate aldolase from mycobacterium smegmatis
RCSB PDB - 3NDO: Crystal structure of deoxyribose phosphate aldolase from mycobacterium smegmatis (rcsb.org)
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section F Volume 70, Part 9, September 2014
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section F Volume 70, Part 9, September 2014 (journals.iucr.org)
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section F Volume 73, Part 7, July 2017
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section F Volume 73, Part 7, July 2017 (journals.iucr.org)
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section D Volume 76, Part 10, October 2020
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section D Volume 76, Part 10, October 2020 (journals.iucr.org)
Two dynamin-like proteins stabilize FtsZ rings during Streptomyces sporulation | PNAS
Two dynamin-like proteins stabilize FtsZ rings during Streptomyces sporulation | PNAS (pnas.org)
Efflux pump of the proton antiporter family confers low-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis | PNAS
Efflux pump of the proton antiporter family confers low-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis | PNAS (pnas.org)
People - School of Medicine - University of St Andrews
People - School of Medicine - University of St Andrews (st-andrews.ac.uk)
Phantom, a New Subclass of Mutator DNA Transposons Found in Insect Viruses and Widely Distributed in Animals | Genetics
Phantom, a New Subclass of Mutator DNA Transposons Found in Insect Viruses and Widely Distributed in Animals | Genetics (genetics.org)
The dUTPase Enzyme Is Essential in Mycobacterium smegmatis
The dUTPase Enzyme Is Essential in Mycobacterium smegmatis (journals.plos.org)
Frontiers | Mycobacterium smegmatis PhoU Proteins Have Overlapping Functions in Phosphate Signaling and Are Essential |...
Frontiers | Mycobacterium smegmatis PhoU Proteins Have Overlapping Functions in Phosphate Signaling and Are Essential |... (frontiersin.org)
Mutations in pimE Restore Lipoarabinomannan Synthesis and Growth in a Mycobacterium smegmatis lpqW Mutant | Journal of...
Mutations in pimE Restore Lipoarabinomannan Synthesis and Growth in a Mycobacterium smegmatis lpqW Mutant | Journal of... (jb.asm.org)
The growth rate of Mycobacterium smegmatis depends on sufficient porin-mediated influx of nutrients. | Sigma-Aldrich
The growth rate of Mycobacterium smegmatis depends on sufficient porin-mediated influx of nutrients. | Sigma-Aldrich (sigmaaldrich.com)
Intracellular accumulation of norfloxacin in Mycobacterium smegmatis. | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Intracellular accumulation of norfloxacin in Mycobacterium smegmatis. | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (aac.asm.org)
Domains within RbpA Serve Specific Functional Roles That Regulate the Expression of Distinct Mycobacterial Gene Subsets |...
Domains within RbpA Serve Specific Functional Roles That Regulate the Expression of Distinct Mycobacterial Gene Subsets |... (jb.asm.org)
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section F Volume 64, Part 4, April 2008
IUCr) Acta Crystallographica Section F Volume 64, Part 4, April 2008 (journals.iucr.org)
Frontiers | Dissecting the Mechanism of Intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis Growth Inhibition by Platelet Activating Factor C...
Frontiers | Dissecting the Mechanism of Intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis Growth Inhibition by Platelet Activating Factor C... (frontiersin.org)
A new discovery in the fight against tuberculosis | News | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
A new discovery in the fight against tuberculosis | News | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (hsph.harvard.edu)
Purification and Properties of the Adenosine Diphosphate-Glucose and Uridine Diphosphate-Glucose Pyrophosphorylases of...
Purification and Properties of the Adenosine Diphosphate-Glucose and Uridine Diphosphate-Glucose Pyrophosphorylases of... (jb.asm.org)
Chemosynthetic symbiont with a drastically reduced genome serves as primary energy storage in the marine flatworm Paracatenula ...
Chemosynthetic symbiont with a drastically reduced genome serves as primary energy storage in the marine flatworm Paracatenula ... (pnas.org)
SWISS-MODEL Repository | A0R102
SWISS-MODEL Repository | A0R102 (swissmodel.expasy.org)
The protonmotive force is required for maintaining ATP homeostasis and viability of hypoxic, nonreplicating Mycobacterium...
The protonmotive force is required for maintaining ATP homeostasis and viability of hypoxic, nonreplicating Mycobacterium... (pnas.org)
Biochemical and structural characterization of CYP124: A methyl-branched lipid ω-hydroxylase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis |...
Biochemical and structural characterization of CYP124: A methyl-branched lipid ω-hydroxylase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis |... (pnas.org)
Aerobic bacterial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its kinetic aspects | SpringerLink
Aerobic bacterial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its kinetic aspects | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)