AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
MutagensMutagenicity TestsAntimutagenic AgentsCarcinogensEthylnitrosoureaEthyl MethanesulfonateFurylfuramideSalmonella typhimuriumCooking4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxideMethylnitronitrosoguanidineBiotransformation7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxideMutationAminacrineHeterocyclic CompoundsAminesCarcinogens, EnvironmentalMicronucleus TestsMutagenesisQuinolinesBenzo(a)pyreneCarbolinesDNA AdductsNitro CompoundsMeatAlkylating AgentsFood ContaminationChrysenesFluorenesHycanthonePolycyclic CompoundsDNA DamageSister Chromatid ExchangeMethyl MethanesulfonateDNA RepairNitrogen Mustard CompoundsFood AnalysisAcridinesNitrosoguanidinesChromosome AberrationsLymphocytesAflatoxin B1Comet AssayUltraviolet RaysChromatidsNitrous AcidPyrenesBiological AssayBenz(a)AnthracenesWater PollutantsRadiation GeneticsChlorophyllidesMicronuclei, Chromosome-DefectiveQuinoxalinesCytochrome P-450 CYP1A2Epoxy CompoundsDimethylnitrosamineEnvironmental PollutantsArylamine N-AcetyltransferaseDNAGamma RaysMesylatesCricetinaeHot TemperatureHypoxanthine PhosphoribosyltransferaseThioxanthenesFoodNitroso CompoundsPolycyclic Hydrocarbons, AromaticNiridazoleN-Nitrosopyrrolidine
Mutagens
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.
Mutagenicity Tests
Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.
Antimutagenic Agents
Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved.
Carcinogens
Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.
Ethylnitrosourea
A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.
Ethyl Methanesulfonate
An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.
Furylfuramide
Used formerly as antimicrobial food additive. It causes mutations in many cell cultures and may be carcinogenic.
Salmonella typhimurium
A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.
Cooking
The art or practice of preparing food. It includes the preparation of special foods for diets in various diseases.
4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide
A potent mutagen and carcinogen. This compound and its metabolite 4-HYDROXYAMINOQUINOLINE-1-OXIDE bind to nucleic acids. It inactivates bacteria but not bacteriophage.
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine
A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide
7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Aminacrine
A highly fluorescent anti-infective dye used clinically as a topical antiseptic and experimentally as a mutagen, due to its interaction with DNA. It is also used as an intracellular pH indicator.
Heterocyclic Compounds
Ring compounds having atoms other than carbon in their nuclei. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Amines
A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Carcinogens, Environmental
Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.
Micronucleus Tests
Induction and quantitative measurement of chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronuclei (MICRONUCLEI, CHROMOSOME-DEFECTIVE) in cells which have been exposed to genotoxic agents or IONIZING RADIATION.
Mutagenesis
Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.
Quinolines
Benzo(a)pyrene
A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.
Carbolines
A group of pyrido-indole compounds. Included are any points of fusion of pyridine with the five-membered ring of indole and any derivatives of these compounds. These are similar to CARBAZOLES which are benzo-indoles.
DNA Adducts
The products of chemical reactions that result in the addition of extraneous chemical groups to DNA.
Nitro Compounds
Compounds having the nitro group, -NO2, attached to carbon. When attached to nitrogen they are nitramines and attached to oxygen they are NITRATES.
Meat
The edible portions of any animal used for food including domestic mammals (the major ones being cattle, swine, and sheep) along with poultry, fish, shellfish, and game.
Alkylating Agents
Highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning. Many are used as antineoplastic agents, but most are very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. They have also been used as components in poison gases.
Food Contamination
The presence in food of harmful, unpalatable, or otherwise objectionable foreign substances, e.g. chemicals, microorganisms or diluents, before, during, or after processing or storage.
Chrysenes
1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.
Fluorenes
A family of diphenylenemethane derivatives.
Hycanthone
Potentially toxic, but effective antischistosomal agent, it is a metabolite of LUCANTHONE.
Polycyclic Compounds
Compounds consisting of two or more fused ring structures.
DNA Damage
Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.
Sister Chromatid Exchange
An exchange of segments between the sister chromatids of a chromosome, either between the sister chromatids of a meiotic tetrad or between the sister chromatids of a duplicated somatic chromosome. Its frequency is increased by ultraviolet and ionizing radiation and other mutagenic agents and is particularly high in BLOOM SYNDROME.
Methyl Methanesulfonate
An alkylating agent in cancer therapy that may also act as a mutagen by interfering with and causing damage to DNA.
DNA Repair
The reconstruction of a continuous two-stranded DNA molecule without mismatch from a molecule which contained damaged regions. The major repair mechanisms are excision repair, in which defective regions in one strand are excised and resynthesized using the complementary base pairing information in the intact strand; photoreactivation repair, in which the lethal and mutagenic effects of ultraviolet light are eliminated; and post-replication repair, in which the primary lesions are not repaired, but the gaps in one daughter duplex are filled in by incorporation of portions of the other (undamaged) daughter duplex. Excision repair and post-replication repair are sometimes referred to as "dark repair" because they do not require light.
Nitrogen Mustard Compounds
A group of alkylating agents derived from mustard gas, with the sulfur replaced by nitrogen. They were formerly used as toxicants and vesicants, but now function as antineoplastic agents. These compounds are also powerful mutagens, teratogens, immunosuppressants, and carcinogens.
Food Analysis
Measurement and evaluation of the components of substances to be taken as FOOD.
Acridines
Nitrosoguanidines
Chromosome Aberrations
Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Aflatoxin B1
A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.
Comet Assay
A genotoxicological technique for measuring DNA damage in an individual cell using single-cell gel electrophoresis. Cell DNA fragments assume a "comet with tail" formation on electrophoresis and are detected with an image analysis system. Alkaline assay conditions facilitate sensitive detection of single-strand damage.
Ultraviolet Rays
That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum immediately below the visible range and extending into the x-ray frequencies. The longer wavelengths (near-UV or biotic or vital rays) are necessary for the endogenous synthesis of vitamin D and are also called antirachitic rays; the shorter, ionizing wavelengths (far-UV or abiotic or extravital rays) are viricidal, bactericidal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic and are used as disinfectants.
Chromatids
Either of the two longitudinally adjacent threads formed when a eukaryotic chromosome replicates prior to mitosis. The chromatids are held together at the centromere. Sister chromatids are derived from the same chromosome. (Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Nitrous Acid
Nitrous acid (HNO2). A weak acid that exists only in solution. It can form water-soluble nitrites and stable esters. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Pyrenes
A group of condensed ring hydrocarbons.
Biological Assay
A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc.
Benz(a)Anthracenes
Four fused benzyl rings with three linear and one angular, that can be viewed as a benzyl-phenanthrenes. Compare with NAPHTHACENES which are four linear rings.
Water Pollutants
Substances or organisms which pollute the water or bodies of water. Use for water pollutants in general or those for which there is no specific heading.
Radiation Genetics
A subdiscipline of genetics that studies RADIATION EFFECTS on the components and processes of biological inheritance.
Chlorophyllides
Products of the hydrolysis of chlorophylls in which the phytic acid side chain has been removed and the carboxylic acids saponified.
Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective
Defective nuclei produced during the TELOPHASE of MITOSIS or MEIOSIS by lagging CHROMOSOMES or chromosome fragments derived from spontaneous or experimentally induced chromosomal structural changes.
Quinoxalines
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2
A cytochrome P450 enzyme subtype that has specificity for relatively planar heteroaromatic small molecules, such as CAFFEINE and ACETAMINOPHEN.
Epoxy Compounds
Organic compounds that include a cyclic ether with three ring atoms in their structure. They are commonly used as precursors for POLYMERS such as EPOXY RESINS.
Dimethylnitrosamine
A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.
Environmental Pollutants
Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS.
Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase
An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from ACETYL-COA to arylamines. It can also catalyze acetyl transfer between arylamines without COENZYME A and has a wide specificity for aromatic amines, including SEROTONIN. However, arylamine N-acetyltransferase should not be confused with the enzyme ARYLALKYLAMINE N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE which is also referred to as SEROTONIN ACETYLTRANSFERASE.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Gamma Rays
Penetrating, high-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted from atomic nuclei during NUCLEAR DECAY. The range of wavelengths of emitted radiation is between 0.1 - 100 pm which overlaps the shorter, more energetic hard X-RAYS wavelengths. The distinction between gamma rays and X-rays is based on their radiation source.
Mesylates
Organic salts or esters of methanesulfonic acid.
Cricetinae
A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.
Hot Temperature
Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.
Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate and hypoxanthine, guanine, or 6-mercaptopurine to the corresponding 5'-mononucleotides and pyrophosphate. The enzyme is important in purine biosynthesis as well as central nervous system functions. Complete lack of enzyme activity is associated with the LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME, while partial deficiency results in overproduction of uric acid. EC 2.4.2.8.
Thioxanthenes
Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with a SULFUR in the center ring.
Food
Any substances taken in by the body that provide nourishment.
Nitroso Compounds
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
Niridazole
An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine
Carcinogenic nitrosamine that may be formed from preservatives in meats during their preparation or in the liver during metabolism.

Assaying potential carcinogens with Drosophila. (1/3817)

Drosophila offers many advantages for the detection of mutagenic activity of carcinogenic agents. It provides the quickest assay system for detecting mutations in animals today. Its generation time is short, and Drosophila is cheap and easy to breed in large numbers. The simple genetic testing methods give unequivocal answers about the whole spectrum of relevant genetic damage. A comparison of the detection capacity of assays sampling different kinds of genetic damage revealed that various substances are highly effective in inducing mutations but do not produce chromosome breakage effects at all, or only at much higher concentrations than those required for mutation induction. Of the different assay systems available, the classical sex-linked recessive lethal test deserves priority, in view of its superior capacity to detect mutagens. Of practical importance is also its high sensitivity, because a large number of loci in one fifth of the genome is tested for newly induced forward mutations, including small deletions. The recent findings that Drosophila is capable of carrying out the same metabolic activation reactions as the mammalian liver makes the organism eminently suitable for verifying results obtained in prescreening with fast microbial assay systems. An additional advantage in this respect is the capacity of Drosophila for detecting short-lived activation products, because intracellular metabolic activation appears to occur within the spermatids and spermatocytes.  (+info)

Carcinogenicity of triethanolamine in mice and its mutagenicity after reaction with sodium nitrite in bacteria. (2/3817)

Mice fed a diet containing 0.3 or 0.03% triethanolamine developed malignant tumors. Females showed a high incidence of tumors in lymphoid tissues, while this type was absent in males. Tumors in other tissues were produced at a considerable rate in both sexes, but no hepatoma was found. Triethanolamine was not mutagenic to Bacillus subtilis by itself, but it became mutagenic after reacting with sodium nitrite under acidic conditions or when the mixture was heated. Although N-nitrosodiethanolamine, a known carcinogen and mutagen, was detected in the reaction mixture by thin-layer chromatography, it may not be the main mutagenic product, because the product was a stable and direct mutagen and its mutagenic activity was destroyed by liver enzymes, unlike N-nitrosodiethanolamine. The lethal and mutagenic DNA damages produced by this unidentified product were susceptible to some extent to the repair functions of the bacteria.  (+info)

Phosphorylation of the DNA repair protein APE/REF-1 by CKII affects redox regulation of AP-1. (3/3817)

The DNA repair protein apurinic endonuclease (APE/Ref-1) exerts several physiological functions such as cleavage of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites and redox regulation of the transcription factor AP-1, whose activation is part of the cellular response to DNA damaging treatments. Here we demonstrate that APE/Ref-1 is phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). This was shown for both the recombinant APE/Ref-1 protein (Km=0.55 mM) and for APE/Ref-1 expressed in COS cells. Phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 did not alter the repair activity of the enzyme, whereas it stimulated its redox capability towards AP-1, thus promoting DNA binding activity of AP-1. Inhibition of CKII mediated phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 blocked mutagen-stimulated increase in AP-1 binding. It also abrogated the induction of c-Jun protein and rendered cells more sensitive to induced DNA damage. Thus, phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 appears to be involved in regulating the different physiological activities of the enzyme. CKII mediated phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 and concomitant increase in AP-1 binding activity appears to be a novel mechanism of cellular stress response, forcing transcription of AP-1 target gene(s) the product(s) of which may exert protective function.  (+info)

Telomeric repeats on small polydisperse circular DNA (spcDNA) and genomic instability. (4/3817)

Small polydisperse circular DNA (spcDNA) is a heterogeneous population of extrachromosomal circular molecules present in a large variety of eukaryotic cells. Elevated amounts of total spcDNA are related to endogenous and induced genomic instability in rodent and human cells. We suggested spcDNA as a novel marker for genomic instability, and speculated that spcDNA might serve as a mutator. In this study, we examine the presence of telomeric sequences on spcDNA. We report for the first time the appearance of telomeric repeats in spcDNA molecules (tel-spcDNA) in rodent and human cells. Restriction enzyme analysis indicates that tel-spcDNA molecules harbor mostly, if not exclusively, telomeric repeats. In rodent cells, tel-spcDNA levels are higher in transformed than in normal cells and are enhanced by treatment with carcinogen. Tel-spcDNA is also detected in some human tumors and cell lines, but not in others. We suggest, that its levels in human cells may be primarily related to the amount of the chromosomal telomeric sequences. Tel-spcDNA may serve as a unique mutator, through specific mechanisms related to the telomeric repeats, which distinguish it from the total heterogeneous spcDNA population. It may affect telomere dynamics and genomic instability by clastogenic events, alterations of telomere size and sequestration of telomeric proteins.  (+info)

The effect of cotinine or cigarette smoke co-administration on the formation of O6-methylguanine adducts in the lung and liver of A/J mice treated with 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) (5/3817)

4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a tobacco-specific nitrosamine, induces lung adenomas in A/J mice, following a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. However, inhalation of tobacco smoke has not induced or promoted tumors in these mice. NNK-induced lung tumorigenesis is thought to involve O6-methylguanine (O6MeG) formation, leading to GC-->AT transitional mispairing and an activation of the K-ras proto-oncogene in the A/J mouse. NNK can be metabolized by several different cytochromes P450, resulting in a number of metabolites. Formation of the promutagenic DNA adduct O6MeG is believed to require metabolic activation of NNK by cytochrome P450-mediated alpha-hydroxylation of the methylene group adjacent to the N-nitroso nitrogen to yield the unstable intermediate, methanediazohydroxide. Nicotine, cotinine (the major metabolite of nicotine), and aqueous cigarette tar extract (ACTE) have all been shown to effectively inhibit metabolic activation of NNK to its mutagenic form, most likely due to competitive inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in alpha-hydroxylation of NNK. The objective of the current study was to monitor the effects of cotinine and cigarette smoke (CS) on the formation of O6MeG in target tissues of mice during the acute phase of NNK treatment. To test the effect of cotinine, mature female A/J mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of NNK (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, or 10 mumole/mouse) with cotinine administered at a total dose of 50 mumole/mouse in 3 separate i.p. injections, administered 30 min before, immediately after, and 30 min after NNK treatment. To test the effect of whole smoke exposure on NNK-related O6MeG formation, mice were exposed to smoke generated from Kentucky 1R4F reference cigarettes at 0, 0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 mg wet total particulate matter/liter (WTPM/L) for 2 h, with a single i.p. injection of NNK (0, 3.75, or 7.5 mumole/mouse) midway through the exposure. Cigarette smoke alone failed to yield detectable levels of O6MeG. The number of O6MeG adducts following i.p. injection of NNK was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in both lung and liver by cotinine and by cigarette smoke exposure. Our results demonstrate that NNK-induced O6MeG DNA adducts in A/J mice are significantly reduced when NNK is administered together with either cotinine, the major metabolite of nicotine, or the parental complex mixture, cigarette smoke.  (+info)

Direct selection for mutators in Escherichia coli. (6/3817)

We have constructed strains that allow a direct selection for mutators of Escherichia coli on a single plate medium. The plate selection is based on using two different markers whose reversion is enhanced by a given mutator. Plates containing limiting amounts of each respective nutrient allow the growth of ghost colonies or microcolonies that give rise to full-size colonies only if a reversion event occurs. Because two successive mutational events are required, mutator cells are favored to generate full-size colonies. Reversion of a third marker allows direct visualization of the mutator phenotype by the large number of blue papillae in the full-size colonies. We also describe plate selections involving three successive nutrient markers followed by a fourth papillation step. Different frameshift or base substitution mutations are used to select for mismatch-repair-defective strains (mutHLS and uvrD). We can detect and monitor mutator cells arising spontaneously, at frequencies lower than 10(-5) in the population. Also, we can measure a mutator cascade, in which one type of mutator (mutT) generates a second mutator (mutHLS) that then allows stepwise frameshift mutations. We discuss the relevance of mutators arising on a single medium as a result of cells overcoming successive growth barriers to the development and progression of cancerous tumors, some of which are mutator cell lines.  (+info)

Reverse genetic analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans presenilins reveals redundant but unequal roles for sel-12 and hop-1 in Notch-pathway signaling. (7/3817)

Mutations in the human presenilin genes PS1 and PS2 cause early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Studies in Caenorhabditis elegans and in mice indicate that one function of presenilin genes is to facilitate Notch-pathway signaling. Notably, mutations in the C. elegans presenilin gene sel-12 reduce signaling through an activated version of the Notch receptor LIN-12. To investigate the function of a second C. elegans presenilin gene hop-1 and to examine possible genetic interactions between hop-1 and sel-12, we used a reverse genetic strategy to isolate deletion alleles of both loci. Animals bearing both hop-1 and sel-12 deletions displayed new phenotypes not observed in animals bearing either single deletion. These new phenotypes-germ-line proliferation defects, maternal-effect embryonic lethality, and somatic gonad defects-resemble those resulting from a reduction in signaling through the C. elegans Notch receptors GLP-1 and LIN-12. Thus SEL-12 and HOP-1 appear to function redundantly in promoting Notch-pathway signaling. Phenotypic analyses of hop-1 and sel-12 single and double mutant animals suggest that sel-12 provides more presenilin function than does hop-1.  (+info)

Functional analysis of the promoter of the yeast SNQ2 gene encoding a multidrug resistance transporter that confers the resistance to 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide. (8/3817)

The yeast gene SNQ2, which encodes a multidrug resistance ABC superfamily protein, is required for resistance to the mutagen 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO). The expression of the SNQ2 gene is under the control of a regulatory network that involves the transcription factor Yrr1p, as well as Pdr1p/Pdr3p (Cui et al., Mol. Microbiol., 29, 1307-1315 (1998)). By 5'-deletion analysis of the promoter by using SNQ2-lacZ fusion constructs, four regions: -745 to -639 (region I), -639 to -578 (region II), -548 to -533 (region III) and -533 to -485 (region IV) were found to be important for SNQ2 expression. Genetic analysis suggested that the site in region IV was responsible for the Yrr1p-mediated SNQ2 expression. A consensus motif known for the binding of Pdr1p/Pdr3p (PDRE) was not found in region IV.  (+info)

The role of adduct site-specific mutagenesis in understanding how carcinogen-DNA adducts cause mutations: perspective,...
Usually, a particular mutagen/carcinogen forms adducts at many sites in DNA, making it impossible to determine which type of adduct causes which mutation and why. Adduct site-specific mutagenesis studies, in which a single adduct is built into a vector, can be used to overcome this problem. The adduct can be situated in double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA or in a single-stranded gap, and the benefit and concerns associated with each are addressed. An adduct site-specific study is most useful when it is compared to a mutagenesis study with its corresponding mutagen/carcinogen. Mutations induced by a particular mutagen/carcinogen can be influenced by DNA sequence context, mutagen/carcinogen dose (and other changes in conditions), level of SOS induction, cell type and other factors. Thus, it is important to match the conditions of the adduct study versus the mutagen/ carcinogen study as closely as possible. DNA sequence context can profoundly affect the quantitative and qualitative pattern of ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/carcin/17.5.895
Mutagenic specificity of the food mutagen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline in Escherichia coli using the yeast URA3 gene...
2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), a strong mutagen/carcinogen, belongs to a group of heterocyclic amines that are formed (ng/g amounts) during the cooking of protein containing food. The mutational specificity of IQ in Escherichia coli was determined in a forward mutation assay using the yeast URA3 gene as a target. The plasmid pTU-AC, containing the target URA3, was randomly modified in vitro using N-hydroxy-IQ, and subsequently transformed into an E. coli pyrF strain (DB6656). Mutant clones were directly selected by their ability to grow on medium containing 5-fluoro-orotic acid which is toxic to URA3+ clones and thereby selects for URA3- mutants. Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) was used to map the mutation-containing regions of URA3, so that it was necessary to sequence only the relevant, mutation-containing fragment and not the entire gene. At a modification level of 7 IQ-lesions/URA3 gene, the predominant mutations were base substitutions (approximately 70%), ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/carcin/19.2.305
Chemical MutagensChemical Mutagens
www.MOLUNA.de Chemical Mutagens [4200674] - The best protection against environmental mutagens is to identify them before they ever come into general use. But it is always possible that some substance will escape detection and affect a large number of persons without this being realized until later generations. This article considers ways in which such a
https://www.moluna.de/buch/4200674-chemical+mutagens/
Rapid and Sensitive RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Potential Genotoxic Impurity in Dasatinib Drug SubstanceRapid and Sensitive RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Potential Genotoxic Impurity in Dasatinib Drug Substance
Rapid and Sensitive RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Potential Genotoxic Impurity in Dasatinib Drug Substance, Sunil V Lanke, Sajid Syed Shahnawaz, Dhramveer Singh Shekhawat, Ni
http://www.tsijournals.com/articles/rapid-and-sensitive-rphplc-method-for-determination-of-potential-genotoxic-impurity-in-dasatinib-drug-substance-13412.html
Genetic and epigenetic effects of environmental mutagens and carcinogens<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetic and epigenetic effects of environmental mutagens and carcinogens. AU - Pulliero, Alessandra. AU - Cao, Jia. AU - Vasques, Luciana Dos Reis. AU - Pacchierotti, Francesca. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84939522891&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84939522891&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1155/2015/608054. DO - 10.1155/2015/608054. M3 - Review article. C2 - 26345645. VL - 2015. SP - -. JO - BioMed Research International. JF - BioMed Research International. SN - 2314-6133. M1 - 608054. ER - ...
https://rdm.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/genetic-and-epigenetic-effects-of-environmental-mutagens-and-carc
Plus itPlus it
The S-12 fractions of lung peripheral parenchyma obtained from 80 male individuals, aged 17-71 years, were assayed as blind samples for the ability either to convert promutagens into bacterial mutagens or to decrease the potency of direct-acting mutagens in the Ames reversion test. In this system, lung preparations were completely ineffective in activating an N-nitroso compound (i.e., N-nitrosoniorpholine) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [i.e., 3-methylcholanthrene and benzo(a)pyrene] or their metabolites [i.e., 3-hydroxy-benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene-trans-7,8-diol]. They yielded a borderline and sporadic activation of a cigarette smoke condensate, and a weak but frequent activation of an aromatic amine (i.e., 2-aminofluorene), of a heterocyclic amine (i.e., 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) and of a diamide (i.e., cyclophosphamide). The pulmonary metabolism was more oriented in the sense of detoxification, as shown by the consistent decrease of potency of direct-acting ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/47/17/4740
Accepted mutagen 1.4-1 (source all)Accepted mutagen 1.4-1 (source all)
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https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-changes/2006/06/msg00347.html
Using Drosophila melanogaster as a Model for Genotoxic Chemical Mutational Studies with a New Program, SnpSiftUsing Drosophila melanogaster as a Model for Genotoxic Chemical Mutational Studies with a New Program, SnpSift
This paper describes a new program SnpSift for filtering differential DNA sequence variants between two or more experimental genomes after genotoxic chemical exposure. Here, we illustrate how SnpSift can be used to identify candidate phenotype-relevant variants including single nucleotide polymorphi …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22435069/?dopt=Abstract
Molecular image of genotoxin reveals how bacteria damage...( The three-dimensional structure of a DN...)
The three-dimensional structure of a DNA-damaging bacterial toxin has...The toxin called cytolethal distending toxin or CDT is used by bact...Principal investigator C. Erec Stebbins Ph.D. who conducted the rese... CDT may be a carcinogen because it damages DNA says Stebbins assi...While normal cells regularly replicate or make exact copies of themse...,Molecular,image,of,genotoxin,reveals,how,bacteria,damage,human,DNA,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current biology news,biology newsletters
http://news.bio-medicine.org/biology-news-2/Molecular-image-of-genotoxin-reveals-how-bacteria-damage-human-DNA-1368-1/
What changes can a mutagen cause? | Reference.comWhat changes can a mutagen cause? | Reference.com
Mutagens change DNA by punching holes in it or forcing parts of DNA to stay bound together even when they should separate, according to the Irish Cancer Society. Some mutagens also affect the way DNA...
https://www.reference.com/health/changes-can-mutagen-cause-88cdd6ba04651f5f
ETIS - A panel of bacterial assays for the rapid mechanistic toxicity screening of engineered nanoparticles: EU FP7 project...
Eesti Teadusinfosüsteem koondab informatsiooni teadus- ja arendusasutuste, teadlaste, teadusprojektide ning erinevate teadustegevuste tulemuste kohta.
https://www.etis.ee/Portal/Publications/Display/2ec6d0fe-28d6-4abd-a69b-d56a3d79cf4f
Safe Method of Use 13 - PDFSafe Method of Use 13 - PDF
Safe Method of Use 13 Compounds that have Chronic Toxicity HSNO Categories 6.5 to 6.8 (Sensitisers, Carcinogenic Compounds, Mutagenic Compounds/ and Reproductive Toxins) HSNO Categories 6.5 to 6.8 (compounds
http://docplayer.net/58251804-Safe-method-of-use-13.html
Genotoxic ChemicalsGenotoxic Chemicals
Human biological monitoring uses samples of body fluids or other easily obtainable biological material for the measurement of exposure to specific or...
https://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/part-iv-66769/biological-monitoring-65407/item/406-genotoxic-chemicals
Laboratory procedure for bacterial test agar
2. Adjust to pH 7.0. 3. Autoclave for 30 minutes at 1.2 bar and 120 C. 4. Pour into petri dishes (60 - 90 mm in diameter with ventilation) under sterile conditions and allow to solidify.. 5. Wrap into a plastic bag and store at 4 C. ...
http://www.cabri.org/guidelines/plant/403ap1.html
Hearing on Protection of workers from exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work | Høringer | Begivenheder | EMPL | 8th...Hearing on Protection of workers from exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work | Høringer | Begivenheder | EMPL | 8th...
This public hearing was linked to the ongoing discussions on the legislative proposal amending Directive 2004/37/EC on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work (rapporteur Claude Rolin (EPP, FR). The presentation of the proposal by Commissioner Marianne Thyssen was followed by presentations of representatives from OSHA, social partners, and an academic expert, as well as an exchange of views with Members. ...
https://europarl.europa.eu/committees/da/product-details/20170704CHE02201
MEK Kinase 1, a Substrate for DEVD-Directed Caspases, Is Involved in Genotoxin-Induced Apoptosis | Molecular and Cellular...MEK Kinase 1, a Substrate for DEVD-Directed Caspases, Is Involved in Genotoxin-Induced Apoptosis | Molecular and Cellular...
The observation that MEKK1 can be proteolyzed to very specific fragments prompted us to determine whether p35 or CrmA could inhibit the generation of fragments A, B, C, and D. Figure 6A shows that p35 almost totally and CrmA partially inhibited the appearance of fragments B and C. Quantitation of the fragments in six independent experiments revealed that CrmA and p35, while leaving the relative proportion of fragment A unchanged, diminished the relative proportion of fragment B by 50 and 90%, respectively. This result indicates that these protease inhibitors prevented the formation of fragments B and C but had no effect on the proteolytic activity that cleaves MEKK1 into fragment A. Since the cleavage of MEKK1 into fragment A was unaffected by CrmA and p35, it was surprising to find that the amount of fragment D, the corresponding moiety of fragment A, was reduced in the presence of the inhibitors (Fig. 6A, right panel). However, since fragment D could be derived from fragment C, blocking the ...
https://mcb.asm.org/content/18/4/2416?ijkey=00876d97f6138371d1b71432c5ecab3914c4686e&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Honeywell TP972A2002/U Pneumatic Thermostat Direct Acting Heating, Reverse Acting CoolingHoneywell TP972A2002/U Pneumatic Thermostat Direct Acting Heating, Reverse Acting Cooling
Save and buy the Honeywell TP972A2002/U Pneumatic Thermostat Direct Acting Heating, Reverse Acting Cooling online - Honeywell is great for DIY projects.
https://www.plumbersstock.com/honeywell-tp972a2002-standard.html
What is a Mutagen? (with pictures)What is a Mutagen? (with pictures)
A mutagen is a substance that increases the frequency of mutation in a plant or animal population. The consequences of mutation...
https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-mutagen.htm
Mutagens found in US waterways - RT US NewsMutagens found in US waterways - RT US News
Millions of pounds of pharmaceuticals that can act as mutagens have been released into American waterways, including those that provide drinking water. The drugs range from antibiotics and opiates to tranquilizers.
https://www.rt.com/usa/mutagens-found-in-us-waterways/
Mutagens and managersMutagens and managers
Mutagens and managers, a chapter by Brian Martin in Intellectual Suppression: Australian Case Histories, Analysis and Responses, 1986
https://www.uow.edu.au/~bmartin/pubs/86is/mutagens.html
Direct Acting Antiviral-Post Authorization Safety StudyDirect Acting Antiviral-Post Authorization Safety Study
This is an independent optional sub-study parallel to TARGET-HCC (NCT02954094). The purpose of Direct-Acting Antiviral-Post Authorization Safety Study (DA
https://www.clinicaltrialsgps.com/search-clinical-trials/trial-92508/?Location=1839
Emel Atay, Author at TransitionsEmel Atay, Author at Transitions
This site, like many others, uses small files called cookies to help us improve and customize your experience. Learn more about how we use cookies in our cookie policy.. ...
https://tol.org/client/article/author/emel-atay
mutagens | Vegan GMOmutagens | Vegan GMO
Humans have been breeding plants for thousands of years, and agriculture was a watershed in our evolution. Plants are bred to exhibit desirable traits, a process that was sometimes helped along by spontaneous mutations - such as the mutation that brought us sticky rice about 1,000 years ago (Ronald, 88). New techniques have developed over […]. ...
http://www.vegangmo.com/tag/mutagens
BioTek: GenotoxicityBioTek: Genotoxicity
Genotoxicity refers to the destructive effects of mutagens such as high energy radiation and chemicals on cellular nucleic acids, particularly nuclear DNA.
https://www.biotek.com/applications/genotoxicity.html
Atea Pharmaceuticals Announces IND Clearance of AT-527 for COVID-19 and $215 Million Financing - GlobeNewswire - RocketNewsAtea Pharmaceuticals Announces IND Clearance of AT-527 for COVID-19 and $215 Million Financing - GlobeNewswire - RocketNews
Proceeds to support the clinical development of Ateas oral, direct acting antiviral medicine for COVID-19, in addition to advancing its diverse
https://www.rocketnews.com/2020/05/atea-pharmaceuticals-announces-ind-clearance-of-at-527-for-covid-19-and-215-million-financing-globenewswire/
DeCS Ingl s+escopo
An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect. . ...
https://trigramas.bireme.br/cgi-bin/mx/[email protected]?collection=DeCSxi&lang=i&minsim=0.30&maxrel=10&text=Mesilate,%20Ethyl
AID 399992 - Mutagenic activity in Salmonella TA 98 by microsome assay in presence of rat liver S9 fraction - PubChemAID 399992 - Mutagenic activity in Salmonella TA 98 by microsome assay in presence of rat liver S9 fraction - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 399992 submitted by ChEMBL: Mutagenic activity in Salmonella TA 98 by microsome assay in presence of rat liver S9 fraction.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/399992
Occurrence and control of genotoxins in drinking water: a monitoring proposal | Journal of Public Health ResearchOccurrence and control of genotoxins in drinking water: a monitoring proposal | Journal of Public Health Research
Many studies have shown the presence of numerous organic genotoxins and carcinogens in drinking water. These toxic substances derive not only from pollution, but also from the disinfection treatments, particularly when water is obtained from surface sources and then chlorinated. Most of the chlorinated compounds in drinking water are nonvolatile and are difficult to characterize. Thus, it has been proposed to study such complex mixtures using short-term genotoxicity tests predictive of carcinogenic activity. Mutagenicity of water before and after disinfection has mainly been studied by the Salmonella/microsome (Ames test); in vitro genotoxicity tests have also been performed in yeasts and mammalian cells; in situ monitoring of genotoxins has also been performed using complete organisms such as aquatic animals or plants (in vivo). The combination of bioassay data together with results of chemical analyses would give us a more firm basis for the assessment of human health risks related to the ...
https://www.jphres.org/index.php/jphres/article/view/769
Genetic Toxicology Association - 2014 GTA Meeting Poster AbstractsGenetic Toxicology Association - 2014 GTA Meeting Poster Abstracts
Large-scale initiatives, such as ToxCast, promote a shift in the paradigm for regulatory evaluations of new and existing substances; specifically, away from time-consuming in vivo assays towards predictive, short-term in vitro assays. Unfortunately, the assays included in such initiatives are ill-equipped to assess chemically-induced genetic damage and mutation. Moreover, many currently used mammalian cell genotoxicity assays generate an unacceptably high frequency of false or irrelevant positive results with respect to in vivo mutagenicity and/or carcinogenicity. A novel in vitro gene mutation assay utilizing primary hepatocytes from the transgenic Muta™Mouse was been developed to address the shortfalls of existing in vitro mutagenicity assays. In order to assess the utility of the Muta™Mouse primary hepatocyte assay, the cells were extensively characterized. Freshly isolated cells were found to have a hepatocyte-like morphology, with a large proportion of binucleated cells. After 24 hours ...
http://www.gta-us.org/scimtgs/2017Meeting/posters2017.html
Mutagenic assessment of three synthetic pyridine-diaryl ketone derivativesMutagenic assessment of three synthetic pyridine-diaryl ketone derivatives
Nowadays, there are increasing numbers of studies about synthetic chemicals according to the supply demands of bioactive chemicals. The current study aims to investigate genotoxic potential of bioactive synthetic pyridine compounds, phenyl-3-pyridinylmethanone (1), p-tolyl-3-pyridinylmethanone (2), and 4-methoxyphenyl-3-pyridinylmethanone (3), using Ames/Salmonella and Escherichia coli WP2 bacterial reversion mutagenicity test systems. The mutant bacterial tester strains sodium azide-sensitive Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, 9-aminoacridine-sensitive S. typhimurium TA1537, and N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-sensitive E. coli WP2uvrA were used to detect the mutagenic potential of the test compounds. The results indicated that none of the test substances showed significant mutagenic activity on S. typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, and E. coli WP2uvrA bacterial strains up to 1 mu g/plate concentrations ...
http://openaccess.artvin.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/11494/2464
Chemical mutagenesis and Tilling - Symbiotic Bacteria
Prior to the implementation of more sophisticated genetic techniques, mutagenesis was often performed using simple chemical mutagens including N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine (MMNG) and ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) . The basic approach involves exposing a population of cells to a controlled dose of mutagen, to generate progeny that carry random genetic mutations The application of this technique has traditionally been limited by two important considerations First, it often proves difficult to strike a balance between efficiency and selectivity; exposure to the mutagen must be carefully controlled in order to maximize the frequency of single mutations Second, it should be noted that chemical mutagenesis is random; the experimenter needs to select or identify mutants of interest from a large pool of random mutants. For more detailed information on the background and procedures involved in chemical mutagenesis, we refer the reader to Miller (1992) The basic protocols that have been described ...
https://www.phrygane.tk/symbiotic-bacteria/chemical-mutagenesis-and-tilling.html
Salmonella mutagenicity tests: V. Results from the testing of 311 chemicals. - Semantic ScholarSalmonella mutagenicity tests: V. Results from the testing of 311 chemicals. - Semantic Scholar
311 chemicals were tested under code, for mutagenicity, in Salmonella typhimurium; 35 of the chemicals were tested more than once in the same or different laboratories. The tests were conducted using a preincubation protocol in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation, and in the presence of liver S-9 from Aroclor-induced male Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters. Some of the volatile chemicals were also tested in desiccators. A total of 120 chemicals were mutagenic or weakly mutagenic, 3 were judged questionable, and 172 were non-mutagenic. The remaining 16 chemicals produced different responses in the two or three laboratories in which they were tested. The results and data from these tests are presented.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Salmonella-mutagenicity-tests-V-Results-from-the-t-Zeiger-Anderson/cc639edc78a9f208c5d77d260bf6489239856721
Mutagenic activity of surface waters adjacent to a nuclear fuel processing facility<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Mutagenic activity of surface waters adjacent to a nuclear fuel processing facility. AU - Pancorbo, O. C.. AU - Lein, Pamela J. AU - Blevins, R. D.. PY - 1987/9. Y1 - 1987/9. N2 - Surface waters adjacent to a nuclear fuel processing facility were extracted, using XAD-resin adsorption followed by solvent elution, and the extracts were assayed for mutagenic potential by the Ames Salmonella-mammalian microsome test. Dose-related mutagenic responses with TA102 (+ S9) were produced with the extracts of water samples obtained from a creek receiving waste-water from the processing facility (specific mutagenic activities of 7,250 to 8,250 net revertants per L equivalent of water). The creek water extracts were not mutagenic with TA102 in the absence of S9, or with any other tester strain (i.e., TA97, TA98, TA100, and TA1535) in the presence or absence of S9. Surface water samples downstream and upstream of this creek were not mutagenic; apparently indicating the lack of persistence of ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/mutagenic-activity-of-surface-waters-adjacent-to-a-nuclear-fuel-p
Trimethoxypropylsilane - Registration Dossier - ECHATrimethoxypropylsilane - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Studies were chosen as key when the available study was of relevance and of sufficient quality for classification, labelling and for risk assessment. A key bacterial mutagenicity study according to OECD TG 471 and GLP is available for the registered substance. No evidence for a test-substance related increase in the number of revertants was observed when tested up to cytotoxic concentration in any of the Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA 1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) in two independent experiments without and with metabolic activation. Appropriate positive and solvent controls were included and gave expected results. Under the conditions of this study, the registered substance was concluded to be non-mutagenic in the strains tested (Hüls AG, 1996). No data are available for mutagenicity to a bacterial strain capable of detecting cross-linking or oxidising mutagens. In view of the lack of genetic toxicity demonstrated in studies on mammalian cells, and the absence of structural features that ...
https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/5553/7/7/1
Chemical Mutagens Environmental Effects on Biological Systems - 1st EditionChemical Mutagens Environmental Effects on Biological Systems - 1st Edition
Purchase Chemical Mutagens Environmental Effects on Biological Systems - 1st Edition. Print Book & E-Book. ISBN 9780122571503, 9780323153256
https://www.elsevier.com/books/chemical-mutagens-environmental-effects-on-biological-systems/fishbein/978-0-12-257150-3
Esterase, aryl - Registration Dossier - ECHAEsterase, aryl - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Enzyme proteins are not regarded as either genotoxic and/or carcinogenic substances. Genotoxicity testing is in general performed to confirm that the production strain does not produce any genotoxic or carcinogenic metabolites. Basically all enzyme substances have therefore been tested in the Ames test and in the Chromosome Aberration test in vitro and/or an in vitro micronucleus test, and a few enzyme substances also in the Mouse Lymphoma test (ref. 11-40). In none of these test systems did enzyme proteins show evidence of genotoxicity. Enzymatic drugs have been used since the 19th century without providing any evidence of a genotoxic or carcinogenic effect (ref. 2-10; 41-44). Review of the extensive literature concerned with the safety of enzymes from microbial sources strongly supports the general assumption that enzymes from non-toxigenic, non-pathogenic organisms are safe. Numerous tests for in vitro genotoxicity have failed to reveal the presence of a single mutagen or clastogen. These ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23060/7/8
3-[(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyra... - Registration Dossier - ECHA3-[(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyra... - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Target CAS no. 68391-31-1 - Basic yellow 57 : Summary Genetic toxicity in vitro In a weight of evidence study (Prediction report - Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB, 2016): 1) The mutagenicity of Basic yellow 57 is estimated using QSAR toolbox 3.3.The substance Basic yellow 57 is estimated to be non-mutagenic in S. typhimurium TA 1535 in the presence of Rat liver S9 metabolic activation in a bacterial reverse mutation assay. 2) The mutagenicity of Basic yellow 57 is estimated using QSAR toolbox 3.3.The substance Basic yellow 57 is estimated to be non-mutagenic in S. typhimurium TA 1538 in the absence of Rat liver S9 metabolic activation in a bacterial reverse mutation assay. In a weight of evidence study (SCCS report, 2009): · Bacterial gene mutation assay was performedby the plate incorporation and pre-incubation method usingSalmonella typhimuriumstrainTA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537.DMSO solution was used as a vehicle. Test chemical conc. used were 3.16, 10, 31.6, 100, 316 and ...
https://echa.europa.eu/sv/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/17312/7/7/1
Plus itPlus it
In this expanded study, we confirmed a previously reported association between in vitro BPDE-induced mutagen sensitivity and the risk of SCCHN ( 9). Because Dr. T. C. Hsu developed the mutagen sensitivity assay with bleomycin as an effective inducer of chromosomal aberrations in vitro, this assay has been widely used in epidemiologic studies to assess genetic susceptibility to various types of cancer. The assay has been modified with a variety of etiologically related challenge mutagens to evaluate cancer susceptibility in association studies, such as BPDE for tobacco-related cancers of the lung ( 4, 6- 8) and SCCHN ( 9- 11), γ-radiation for glioma ( 22, 23), and UV light or 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide for skin cancer ( 24, 25). These studies have consistently showed that in vitro induced mutagen sensitivity phenotype is a risk factor for developing cancers.. Because the above-mentioned studies used a case control study design, it is questionable whether mutagen sensitivity is a tumor marker or a ...
https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/68/11/4479
Institute of Cancer Research Repository - Genotoxins and the initiation of sporadic breast cancer
Genotoxins and the initiation of sporadic breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed female malignancy world-wide. The aetiology of the majority of cases remains obscure and the only genotoxin as yet known to initiate breast cancer is ionizing radiation, High penetrance susceptibility genes probably account for no more than 5-10% of cases, The breast, which consists of 70-90% adipose tissue, has a unique morphological structure. Dispersed within it are the functional elements that are lined with cancer-susceptible epithelial cells. Numerous dietary and/or environmental fat- soluble compounds are known to be rodent mammary carcinogens. Extracts of lipid obtained following collagenase digestion of elective reduction mammoplasty tissues from UK resident women showed activity in short-term genotoxicity assays in 40% of cases. More active lipid extracts tended to come from donors whose human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) exhibited pre- existing DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs). ...
http://publications.icr.ac.uk/354/
Role of nucleotide- and base-excision repair in genotoxin-induced neuronal cell death. | CureHunterRole of nucleotide- and base-excision repair in genotoxin-induced neuronal cell death. | CureHunter
Role of nucleotide- and base-excision repair in genotoxin-induced neuronal cell death. - G E Kisby, H Lesselroth, A Olivas, L Samson, B Gold, K Tanaka, M S Turker
http://www.curehunter.com/public/pubmed15135729.do
Effect of chrysin, a flavonoid compound, on the mutagenic activity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b]pyridine (PhIP)...Effect of chrysin, a flavonoid compound, on the mutagenic activity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b]pyridine (PhIP)...
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antimutagenic effects of chrysin (CR), a flavonoid compound contained in many fruits, vegetables and honey. Earlier investigations with bacterial indicators showed that CR is one of the most potent antimutagens among the flavonoids. In the present study, we tested the compound in the Salmonella strains TA98 and TA100 in combination with benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b]pyridine (PhIP) and found pronounced protective activity over a concentration range between 10 and 100 microg/ml. The compound itself was devoid of mutagenic activity at all concentrations tested. In the micronucleus (MN) assay with human-derived HepG2 cells, a different pattern of activity was seen. CR itself caused significant induction of MN at dose levels > or =15 microg/ml; in combination experiments with B(a)P and PhIP, U-shaped dose-response curves were obtained and protection was found only in a narrow dose range (5 - 10 microg/ml). Our ...
https://www.pubfacts.com/detail/12856103/Effect-of-chrysin-a-flavonoid-compound-on-the-mutagenic-activity-of-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo
Step-By-Step Guide to using Mutagens. - The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings Message Board for PC - GameFAQs
The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings Enhanced Edition two abilities, from the first (top) tree, but no mutagen slots for any other abilites, what do I. I did start my game with my old Witcher 1 saves. 2. avatar. Unrated_Edition: Mutagen slots arent appearing for me on any of the Training. List of talents containing mutagen slots: Training tree: Click on Training, look at the tiny circle [top right] of the top 2 talents. Right click on. Questions Tags Users Badges Unanswered. Start a New Discussion. Assassins of Kings FAQs. Umlenken von Pfeilen 1 und Tapferkeit 1 also die beiden End-Skills im Traingsbaum. Jemand schon eine Idee, welche Mutagene am besten sind? Arqade is a question and answer site for passionate videogamers on all platforms. In The Witcher 2 gibt es jetzt um die Talente zweite Stufe mintegerechnet aber nur 34 oder 35 Punkte zu vergeben, weil man nur einen pro Stufe bekommt. Bypass View Profile View Forum Posts. Googleyourelmo Googleyourelmo 6 years ...
http://inrexium.eu/witcher-2-mutagen-slots.php
Nickelodeon MUTAGEN OOZE WITH MINI TURTLE FIGURE | Super Jucarii
Mutagen Ooze este substanta misterioasa care a transformat testoasele in eroi. Substanta a ajutat de asemenea la creerea prietenilor testoaselor si a dusmanilor lor asa ca utilizati-o cu grija. Substanta poate avea 4 culori diferita si contine cate o mini broasca testoasa de colectie. Fiecare recipient contina aproximativ 56 g de substanta. Incarcati substanta in containerele speciale ce insotesc diferitele figurine Ninja Turtles. Nota: O substanta non toxica cu un gust neplacut a fost adaugata in Mutagen Ooze pentru a descuraja ingerarea de catre copii si animalele de companie. Va rugam spalati-va pe maini dupa folosirea substantei. Atentie: Protejati suprafetele spatiului de joaca. A nu se folosi pe suprafete care pot fi distruse de substante ce contin apa. Substanta se poate lipi de anumite suprafete sau le poate pata. Evitati covoarele, hainele, peretii si mobila. Indepartarea: Pentru indepartarea Mutagen Ooze de pe haine sau materiale acestea pot fi spalate manual cu putin detergent si apa ...
http://jucarii.supermamici.ro/nickelodeon-mutagen-ooze-with-mini-turtle-figure/
Dr. George Demetri on the Mutagenic Properties and Future Potentials of DacarbazineDr. George Demetri on the Mutagenic Properties and Future Potentials of Dacarbazine
George Demetri, MD, professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School, director of the Sarcoma Center, Dana Farber Brigham Womens Cancer Center, on the mutagenic properties of dacarbazine.
http://www.targetedonc.com/videos/dr-george-demetri-mutagenic-properties-dacarbazine
Products and services - GentronixGentronixProducts and services - GentronixGentronix
Gentronix is passionate about innovation and service. We have developed world leading technology GreenScreen HC and BlueScreen HC to help you identify genotoxic hazard quickly and accurately whilst ensuring your safe compounds are not incorrectly labelled as toxic. We also provide a range of complementary assays and technology expertise that gives you comprehensive access to the information you need to be able to progress your compounds and projects quickly and cost effectively.. GreenScreen HC , BlueScreen HC , Ames MPF , OECD 471 Ames Bacterial Reversal Mutation test (Non-GLP) , GLP Ames , Microflow® Micronucleus Test , in vivo Micronucleus Test , OECD 487 in vitro Micronucleus test using Primary Human Lymphocytes (Non GLP) , GLP MNT , Apoptosis Suite , H2AX by flow cytometry , Flow cytometry Services , Comet assay , Predictive Toxicology. ...
http://www.gentronix.co.uk/products-and-services/
2-(2-hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol - Registration Dossier - ECHA2-(2-hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol - Registration Dossier - ECHA
The test substace was evaluated for potential genotoxic activity using the Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE) test. Preliminary experiments were performed with CHO cells to determine an appropriate range of test concentrations in which the highest concentration would kill no more than (approximately) 90% of the treated cells. Test concentrations for the SCE test were chosen in a range of 40 to 60% growth inhibition so that sufficient numbers of cells in the second division (M2) would be available for determination of SCEs. Test results with DEGHE indicated that concentrations of 3 mg/ml or higher were lethal to CHO cells. The highest suitable concentrations tested were 2.0 mg/ml without S9 and 2.5 rng/ml with S9 activation for the CHO test. For the SCE test maximum concentrations tested were 2.0 mg/ml both with S9 and without S9 activation. For determination of direct genotoxic action, CHO cells were exposed to DEGHE and appropriate controls for 5 hours without S9 activation. Indirect activity, ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/5882/7/7/1
Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi
The goal of artificial mutagenesis is to increase the rate of mutation for the desired characteristic. The selection of mutagens depends upon some extent to their availability and effectiveness for achieving the desired genetic changes, Cuitivars have different responses to mutagenic treatments. Mutagenic treatments cause some physiological damages in Mj plant. This study was conducted to determine the responses of Gediz-75 ve Sofu durum wheat cuitivars to EMS treatment and gamma irradiation in Tokat-Kazova conditions in 1996 and 1997. The seeds were irradiated with 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy and 200 Gy by gamma rays or treated with 0. i %, 0.2 %, 0.3 % and 0.4 % EMS. The seeds were treated with EMS at 24 °C for 8 hours without presoaked and were washed for 6 hours after treatment. Either of treated varieties were grown separately in the trial. Besides, the treatments of gamma rays and EMS separately were Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Mutagens caused different effects ...
http://ziraatdergi.gop.edu.tr/DergiTamDetay.aspx?ID=382&Detay=Ozet
Isolation and characterization of additional genes influencing resistance to various mutagens in the yeastSaccharomyces...Isolation and characterization of additional genes influencing resistance to various mutagens in the yeastSaccharomyces...
Screening of a multi-copy vector-based yeast genomic library in haploid cells of wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded transformants hyper-resistant to various chemical mutagens. Genetical analys
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00351689
2-Methyl-2-butenenitrile 44036162-Methyl-2-butenenitrile 4403616
Citation: Zeiger, E., Anderson, B., Haworth, S., Lawlor, T., and Mortelman, K. Salmonella Mutagenicity Tests V. Results from the Testing of 311 Chemicals Environ. Molec. Mutagen. Vol. 19 (Suppl 21) (1992) 2- ...
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/agents/ts-4403616.html
Ponceau MX 3761533Ponceau MX 3761533
Citation: Zeiger, E., Anderson, B., Haworth, S., Lawlor, T., and Mortelman, K. Salmonella Mutagenicity Tests V. Results from the Testing of 311 Chemicals Environ. Molec. Mutagen. Vol. 19 (Suppl 21) (1992) 2- ...
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/agents/ts-3761533.html
Role of sulfation and acetylation in the activation of 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine to intermediates...Role of sulfation and acetylation in the activation of 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine to intermediates...
Mutagenic activity associated with amino-imidazoazaarene food-derived mutagens such as 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) appears to be dependent upon N-hydroxylation, though additional metabolic pathways may be involved in the production of the ultimate reactive intermediate whi …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2233839/
VitoTOXVitoTOX
Benefits of the system. One of the major benefits over the Ames test is that the entire DNA content of the cell functions as a target for the genotoxin to display its effect. In contrast, the Ames test monitors mutations only in genes related to histidine synthesis. This results in a significantly lower sample concentrations (up to 1000 fold) required for the Vitotox test.. Simultaneously cytotoxicity assay. An important control for the system is a cytotoxicity test performed together with each sample to ensure that a positive signal in the genotoxicity test is not due to a nonspecific enhancement in luminescence and that a negative response is not due to toxicity of the test compound resulting in cell death. Performing Vitotox assay. The test is very simple and cost efficient to perform. Compounds are pipetted into 96-well or 386-well microplates in a dilution series along with blanks, positive control samples, and with or without S9 metabolic extract. The cultured test bacteria are added and ...
http://lab.genprice.com/index.php/vitotox
margolin: The Margolin Data files for GAMLSS in gamlss.data: GAMLSS Datamargolin: The Margolin Data files for GAMLSS in gamlss.data: GAMLSS Data
margolin: Margolin et al. (1981) present data from an Ames Salmonella assay, where y is the number of revertant colonies observed on a plate given a dose y of quinoline. The data were subsequently analysed by Breslow (1984), Lawless (1987) and Saha and Paul (2005).
https://rdrr.io/cran/gamlss.data/man/margolin.html
THE HOMOGENEITY OF RAT-LIVER MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-448 ACTIVITY AND ITS ROLE IN THE ACTIVATION OF BENZO[A]PYRENE TO MUTAGENS ...THE HOMOGENEITY OF RAT-LIVER MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-448 ACTIVITY AND ITS ROLE IN THE ACTIVATION OF BENZO[A]PYRENE TO MUTAGENS ...
PHILLIPSON, CE, IOANNIDES, C, BARRETT, DCA and PARKE, DV (1985) THE HOMOGENEITY OF RAT-LIVER MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-448 ACTIVITY AND ITS ROLE IN THE ACTIVATION OF BENZO[A]PYRENE TO MUTAGENS ...
http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/823360/
List of recommended Viral/Bacterial Tests. | Phoenix Rising ME / CFS ForumsList of recommended Viral/Bacterial Tests. | Phoenix Rising ME / CFS Forums
I am a bit overwhelmed about the information, which tests for viral & bacterial infections are advised to get done. So Ive been compiling a list...
http://forums.phoenixrising.me/index.php?threads/list-of-recommended-viral-bacterial-tests.7006/
Rat Liver S9Rat Liver S9
Explore our various Rat Liver S9 research products, for use studying the metabolisation of chemicals, biocides, cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations. Available online.
https://www.aniara.com/CTGY/rat-liver-s9.html
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutagen Mayhem DVD ReviewTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutagen Mayhem DVD Review
Nickelodeons Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutagen Mayhem collects the first six episodes of Season Two, as the Turtles try to recover a shipment of ooze.
https://metalarcade.net/2014/03/teenage-mutant-ninja-turtles-mutagen-mayhem-dvd-review/
Potential role of environmental genotoxic agents in diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseasesPotential role of environmental genotoxic agents in diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases
Abstract Epidemiological data suggest that environmental genotoxins are risk factors for some forms of diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases. The present commentary focuses on mechanisms involved in genotoxin-induced pancreatic β-cell and neuronal damage. These two cell types seem t...
http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/article/articleSearchResultDetail.do?cn=NART00105142
Examples of Mutagens and Other Hazardous Substances in the EnvironmentExamples of Mutagens and Other Hazardous Substances in the Environment
Examples of mutagens can be found in workplaces, in common consumer products and even in food. In this article you will learn about some of these toxic agents and about a database tool you can use to checkout these types of hazardous substances.
http://www.brighthub.com/environment/science-environmental/articles/70884.aspx
Giochi Preziosi Character Ninja turtles 12 cm MUTAGEN OOZE GPZ93800...Giochi Preziosi Character Ninja turtles 12 cm MUTAGEN OOZE GPZ93800...
Buy online Giochi Preziosi Character Ninja turtles 12 cm MUTAGEN OOZE GPZ93800 Giochi Preziosi, with free and fast shipping, the best games and toys on Futur...
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Aniara Ames MPF 98/100/1535/1537 - with S9 and Positive ControlsAniara Ames MPF 98/100/1535/1537 - with S9 and Positive Controls
1 Vial Semisolid TA100 1 Vial Semisolid TA98 1 Vial Semisolid TA1535 1 Vial Semisolid TA1537 1 Vial Ampicillin Growth Media, Exposure Media and Indicator Media Aroclor 1254 Induced Lyophilized Rat Liver S9 Positive Controls: 2-NF, 2-AA, 9-AA, 4-NQO, N4-ACT. All media and strains provided are sufficient to analyze at least 1 compound, triplicates, 6 concentrations, negative and positive controls, +/- S9. The Ames MPF 98/100/1535/1537 assay comprises the histidine auxotrophic Salmonella tester strains and TA98 and TA1537 for detecting frameshift mutations, as well as TA100 and TA1535 which are reverted by base-pair substitutions and all media required to perform the assay. These kits are shipped at ambient temperature. Strains must be stored at -70°C upon arrival.
http://www.aniara.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Store_Code=ANIA&Screen=PROD&Product_Code=AA01-410-S1-P
Specialty Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity Service Analytics
Treat and Wash Ames Test Service, Ames Tests Services with different Technologies, Genotoxic Impurities Service Analytics, Histone GammaH2AX, pH3 Test Servi
https://www.xenometrix.ch/shop/Specialty-Genotoxicity-and-Mutagenicity-Service-Analytics
DLB-20M-U : Destacos DLB-12M-T Series of internally powered linear base slides are compact models that can be easily asDLB-20M-U : Destacos DLB-12M-T Series of internally powered linear base slides are compact models that can be easily as
View detailed product information and CAD drawings for DESTACOs DLB-20M-U : Destacos DLB-12M-T Series of internally powered linear base slides are compact models that can be easily assembled and mounted. | DESTACO
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DLB-12M-U : Destacos DLB-12M-T Series of internally powered linear base slides are compact models that can be easily asDLB-12M-U : Destacos DLB-12M-T Series of internally powered linear base slides are compact models that can be easily as
View detailed product information and CAD drawings for DESTACOs DLB-12M-U : Destacos DLB-12M-T Series of internally powered linear base slides are compact models that can be easily assembled and mounted. | DESTACO
https://www.destaco.com/products/base-slides/DLB-12M-U
Biotoxicity.com EBPI Environmental Bio-Detection Products Inc.
Biotoxicity, toxicity, ames test, ames testing, genotoxicity test, genotoxicity testing, ta100, ta98, Ames Express, sos chromotest, umu-c assay
http://www.ebpi-kits.com
MutagenMutagen
Such mutagens are called clastogens. Mutagens may also modify the DNA sequence; the changes in nucleic acid sequences by ... Mutagens may therefore be also carcinogens. However, some mutagens exert their mutagenic effect through their metabolites, and ... Different mutagens act on DNA differently. Powerful mutagens may result in chromosomal instability, causing chromosomal ... of the mutagens identified through Ames test may also be carcinogens. Mutagens are not necessarily carcinogens, and vice versa ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagen
Mutagen XMutagen X
... (MX), or 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-5H-furan-2-one, is a byproduct of the disinfection of water by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagen_X
Fred Sherman (scientist)Fred Sherman (scientist)
Environmental Mutagens, Natl. Res. Council (1979-83) Instructor, Cold Spring Harbor Labs (1970-87) Wander Memorial Lecturer ( ... the effects of chemical mutagens, and the roles of large chromosomal rearrangements. He developed important genetic tools for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Sherman_(scientist)
Photographic processingPhotographic processing
Some are mutagens. They also have a large chemical oxygen demand (COD). Ascorbic acid and its isomers, and other similar sugar ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_processing
Aspergillus clavatusAspergillus clavatus
And it yielded mutagens. The extracts were given to unimmunised mice, causing lung reaction and leading to cases of pulmonary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_clavatus
Heterocyclic amineHeterocyclic amine
Sugimura T, Nagao M, Wakabayashi K (May 1996). "Carcinogenicity of food mutagens". Environmental Health Perspectives. 104 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterocyclic_amine
Methyl carbamateMethyl carbamate
Mutagen. 23 (1): 51-63. PMID 8125083. OEHHA Archived 2006-05-12 at the Wayback Machine Inchem.org National Toxocology Program ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl_carbamate
C2orf81C2orf81
Mutagen., 55: 449 -456. doi:10.1002/em.21860 Group, Schuler. "EST Profile - Hs.445377". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-05 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2orf81
40S ribosomal protein S940S ribosomal protein S9
Mutagen. 36 (3): 201-5. doi:10.1002/1098-2280(2000)36:3. 3.0.CO;2-1. PMID 11044901. S2CID 19391792. Bortoluzzi S, d'Alessi F, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/40S_ribosomal_protein_S9
IGF2-ASIGF2-AS
Mutagen. 50 (4): 285-90. doi:10.1002/em.20452. PMC 2666781. PMID 19170196. Hosgood HD, Menashe I, He X, Chanock S, Lan Q ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGF2-AS
DaminozideDaminozide
Mutagen. 15 (6): 307-312. doi:10.1002/tcm.1770150607. PMID 8732881. Hepatocarcinogenic potential was assessed by comparing the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daminozide
NUBP2NUBP2
Mutagen. 50 (4): 285-90. doi:10.1002/em.20452. PMC 2666781. PMID 19170196. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUBP2
Leiomodin 1Leiomodin 1
Mutagen. 50 (4): 285-90. doi:10.1002/em.20452. PMC 2666781. PMID 19170196. Hosgood HD, Menashe I, He X, Chanock S, Lan Q ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiomodin_1
CyclotriolCyclotriol
Mutagen. 28 (2): 133-44. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)28:2. 3.0.CO;2-G. PMID 8844995. S2CID 10326219. Hundal BS, Dhillon VS ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclotriol
Gene expression profilingGene expression profiling
Mutagen. 48 (5): 380-94. doi:10.1002/em.20290. PMC 2682332. PMID 17370338. Breitling R (2006). "Biological microarray ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_expression_profiling
H2AFXH2AFX
Mutagen. 56 (6): 491-504. doi:10.1002/em.21944. PMID 25773265. S2CID 32371215. Meyer B, Voss KO, Tobias F, Jakob B, Durante M, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H2AFX
Protein engineeringProtein engineering
Examples of chemical mutagens follow. Sodium bisulfate is effective at mutating G/C rich genomic sequences. This is because ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_engineering
MutationMutation
The rate of mutation may be increased by mutagens. Mutagens can be physical, such as radiation from UV rays, X-rays or extreme ... Induced mutations are alterations in the gene after it has come in contact with mutagens and environmental causes. Induced ... Whereas in former times mutations were assumed to occur by chance, or induced by mutagens, molecular mechanisms of mutation ... Each of these classes of chemical mutagens has certain effects that then lead to transitions, transversions, or deletions. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation
Diphenylamine (data page)Diphenylamine (data page)
Possible mutagen. Possible teratogen. Harmful in contact with skin, and if swallowed or inhaled. Irritant. Toxicity data ORL- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphenylamine_(data_page)
Nitrophenyl pentadienalNitrophenyl pentadienal
Klopman G, Kalos A, Frierson M, Rosenkranz HS (1986). "NPPD (spy dust) is predicted to be a mutagen". Environ Mutagen. 8 (4): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrophenyl_pentadienal
Lactoylglutathione lyaseLactoylglutathione lyase
Nagao M, Fujita Y, Wakabayashi K, Nukaya H, Kosuge T, Sugimura T (August 1986). "Mutagens in coffee and other beverages". ... Methylglyoxal is a by-product of normal biochemistry that is a carcinogen, a mutagen and can chemically damage several ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoylglutathione_lyase
Benzo(j)fluorantheneBenzo(j)fluoranthene
"Metabolic activation of carcinogens and mutagens." Molecular Biology of Mutagens and Carcinogens. Springer US, 1983. 97-141. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzo(j)fluoranthene
DNA damage theory of agingDNA damage theory of aging
Ames, B. N.; Gold, L. S. (1991). "Endogenous mutagens and the causes of aging and cancer". Mutation Research/Fundamental and ... Environ Mol Mutagen. 45 (5): 442-54. doi:10.1002/em.20119. PMID 15690342. S2CID 32204458. Narayanan, L; Fritzell, JA; Baker, SM ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_damage_theory_of_aging
Mutation frequencyMutation frequency
Environ Mol Mutagen. 2005 Jun;45(5):442-54. doi: 10.1002/em.20119. PMID 15690342 Stuart GR, Oda Y, Boer JG, Glickman BW. No ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_frequency
Umu ChromotestUmu Chromotest
Environ Mol Mutagen. 44 (4): 329-45. doi:10.1002/em.20053. PMID 15476194.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors ... for the detection of environmental mutagens and carcinogens". Mutation Research. 147 (5): 219-229. doi:10.1016/0165-1161(85) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umu_Chromotest
Mitochondrial diseaseMitochondrial disease
Frantz MC, Wipf P (Jun 2010). "Mitochondria as a target in treatment". Environ Mol Mutagen. 51 (5): 462-75. doi:10.1002/em. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_disease
TetragammothTetragammoth
Livestock) "Mutagen" (ft. Hangnail & Modulok) "Rain Buckets" "Duplicate Version" (ft. Noah23) "Regime" Tracks 1, 5-10 & 14-16 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetragammoth
Robert HaynesRobert Haynes
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1999;33(4):257-265. PMID 10398372 DOI:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1999)33:4. 3.0.co;2-0 Royal Society of ... Canada: 104th President Environmental Mutagen Society Genetics Society of Canada: Robert H. Haynes Young Scientist Award ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Haynes
Criticism of the Food and Drug AdministrationCriticism of the Food and Drug Administration
Environ Mol Mutagen. 13 (3): 271-6. doi:10.1002/em.2850130311. PMID 2651119. S2CID 46535054. Catherine Larkin, "Cloned Animals ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Food_and_Drug_Administration
Ruth ClaytonRuth Clayton
Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1985;5(3):205-17.PMID 2866603. Sedowofia SK, Innes J, Peter A, Alleva E, Manning A, Clayton RM. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Clayton
按主题Mutagens浏览按主题"Mutagens"浏览
A fully referenced document offering guidance in the field of short-term testing for mutagens and genotoxic carcinogens. In ... International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens; International Programme on Chemical ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?locale-attribute=zh&type=mesh&authority=Mutagens
Current topics in china for environmental mutagen researchCurrent topics in china for environmental mutagen research
... Dr. Yang Luan (photo) has asked some of the top environmental ... The establishment, development and future of the Chinese environmental mutagen society It has been 40 years since the Chinese ... 1,3-Butadiene: a ubiquitous environmental mutagen and its associations with diseases 1,3-Butadiene (BD) is a petrochemical ... mutagen researchers in China to collect the manuscripts for Genes and Environment. As Editor-in-chief, I would like to express ...
https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/ChinaMutagen
Is the Photosuturing Agent, Rose Bengal, a Mutagen?Is the Photosuturing Agent, Rose Bengal, a Mutagen?
... () Lindsey Hunter-Ellul, Shuguang Wang, Jeffrey Wickliffe, Michael ... L. Hunter-Ellul, S. Wang, J. Wickliffe and M. Wilkerson, "Is the Photosuturing Agent, Rose Bengal, a Mutagen?," Journal of ... R. S. Gupta and B. Singh, "Mutagenic Responses of Five Independent Genetic Loci in CHO Cells to a Variety of Mutagens: ... L. Hunter, S. Wang, J. Wickliffe, et al., "Photoactivated Rose Bengal, a Possible Mutagen in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells," ...
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=42585
Mutagen (Su)Mutagen (Su)
... Benefit: This discovery gives the alchemist the mutagen class ability. (This discovery exists so alchemist ... archetypes who have variant mutagens, such as the mindchemist, can learn how to make standard mutagens.) ...
https://www.d20pfsrd.com/classes/base-classes/alchemist/discoveries/paizo-alchemist-discoveries/mutagen-su/
Serbia - Rulebook of 8 December 2011 on preventive measures for safe and healthy work during exposure to carcinogens or...Serbia - Rulebook of 8 December 2011 on preventive measures for safe and healthy work during exposure to carcinogens or...
Rulebook of 8 December 2011 on preventive measures for safe and healthy work during exposure to carcinogens or mutagens.. ...
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=113368&p_count=25&p_classification=14
The Rapid Detection of Direct-Acting Dna Mutagens by Electrical-Impedance with A Dna Repair-Deficient Strain of Escherichia...The Rapid Detection of Direct-Acting Dna Mutagens by Electrical-Impedance with A Dna Repair-Deficient Strain of Escherichia...
The Rapid Detection of Direct-Acting Dna Mutagens by Electrical-Impedance with A Dna Repair-Deficient Strain of Escherichia- ... The Rapid Detection of Direct-Acting Dna Mutagens by Electrical-Impedance with A Dna Repair-Deficient Strain of Escherichia- ...
http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/11384/
Online Safety Training : Earlham CollegeOnline Safety Training : Earlham College
Mutagens. Mutagens are substances that change the genetic information of an organism, usually by changing DNA. Mutagens are ... Carcinogens, mutagens and teratogens Carcinogens. Carcinogenic substances are associated with causing or promoting cancer in ... Common mutagens include ethidium bromide, formaldehyde, dioxane, and nicotine.. Teratogens. Teratogens are substances that ...
https://earlham.edu/public-safety/emergency-preparedness/chemical-hygiene-and-safety/online-safety-training/
Operation Of Mutagens - EduKits HSCOperation Of Mutagens - EduKits HSC
Biological Mutagens and their Actions. End-products of metabolism:​ many naturally occurring biological mutagens may be ... Naturally-Occurring Mutagens. *Naturally occurring mutagens are mutagenic agents that are present at normal levels within ... Effects of Biological Mutagens. Mutagenic microbes are able to insert their own base sequence into DNA and in this way change ... Examples of chemical mutagens*Ingested chemicals​ including ​alcohol, tar in tobacco smoke, some medications and chemicals in ...
https://edukits.co/learn/courses/hsc-biology/lessons/mutation/topic/operation-of-mutagens/
mutagen - Apokalyptiskmutagen - Apokalyptisk
Anmeldelse: Hullet - En novelle i Mutagen universet. 11 jun 2011 - 0 Comments ... Posts about mutagen written by Jakob, Apokalyptisk ...
https://apokalyptisk.wordpress.com/tag/mutagen/
Peer Review History: Effect of Different Mutagens on Some Mineral, Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Two Red Pepper...Peer Review History: Effect of Different Mutagens on Some Mineral, Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Two Red Pepper...
Peer Review History: Effect of Different Mutagens on Some Mineral, Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Two Red Pepper ...
https://sdiarticle4.com/review-history/51702
Results of search for 'su:{Mutagens}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Identifying and estimating the genetic impact of chemical mutagens / Committee on Chemical Environmental Mutagens, Board on ... by National Research Council (U.S..) Committee on Chemical Environmental Mutagens.. Material type: Text; Format: print ... by International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens , International Programme on Chemical ... prepared for the IPCS by the International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens. ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BMutagens%7D
How to Make a Mutant: MutagensHow to Make a Mutant: Mutagens
A mutagen can be anything from nuclear radiation to insecticide. Anything thats a labeled carcinogen is also mutagen, as ... One of the mutagens most commonly used in labs is a chemical called EMS (Ethyl MethaneSulfonate). This chemical will affect the ... Before we get too ahead of ourselves, we should first go over how a mutagen might make a mutant. The way it works is this: ... How to Make a Mutant: Mutagens. September 30, 2011. W. Brad Robinson 14 comments ...
http://zorknot.com/2011/09/mutant-mutagens/?replytocom=2185
Whats MUTAGEN? - MutagenWhat's MUTAGEN? - Mutagen
Mutagen is supported by edgar.eth, Temnikova & Kasela Gallery, and Sten Tamkivi. ... MUTAGEN (https://mutagen.xyz/) is a collection of 40 + 4,096 NFTs by four internationally acclaimed artists and Solidity ...
https://mutagen.gitbook.io/mutagen/
Lack of mutagens in deep-fat-fried foods obtained at the retail level<...
Lack of mutagens in deep-fat-fried foods obtained at the retail level. / Taylor, S. L.; Berg, C. M.; Shoptaugh, N. H. et al. ... Lack of mutagens in deep-fat-fried foods obtained at the retail level. In: Food and Chemical Toxicology. 1982 ; Vol. 20, No. 2 ... Lack of mutagens in deep-fat-fried foods obtained at the retail level. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 1982 Apr;20(2):209-212. ... Taylor, SL, Berg, CM, Shoptaugh, NH & Scott, VN 1982, Lack of mutagens in deep-fat-fried foods obtained at the retail level, ...
https://experts.nebraska.edu/en/publications/lack-of-mutagens-in-deep-fat-fried-foods-obtained-at-the-retail-l
Genetic analysis of X-linked mutagen-sensitive mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. - WikidataGenetic analysis of X-linked mutagen-sensitive mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. - Wikidata
Genetic analysis of X-linked mutagen-sensitive mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. (English) ... Genetic analysis of X-linked mutagen-sensitive mutants of Drosophila melanogaster.. scientific article ...
https://m.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54536156
Ames Test Can Identify Mutagens - Microbiology NotesAmes Test Can Identify Mutagens - Microbiology Notes
Ames Test Can Identify Mutagens Techniques for Identifying Mutants. July 24, 2021. April 3, 2021. by Vivek Kumar ...
https://microbiologynotes.org/tag/ames-test-can-identify-mutagens/
ddev help mutagen sync | Figddev help mutagen sync | Fig
IACUC Policies and Procedures | Research Protections Office | The University of VermontIACUC Policies and Procedures | Research Protections Office | The University of Vermont
Review of any animal research protocol involving the use of chemical carcinogens or mutagens must be reviewed by the ... Known or suspect chemical carcinogens or mutagens. ...
https://www.uvm.edu/rpo/iacuc-policies-and-procedures
A17] More Consumables and Mutagens V.1.0 ~ June 4thA17] More Consumables and Mutagens V.1.0 ~ June 4th
All mutagen pills are purchasable only.. Sil:. Mutagen that is popular on Glitterworlds for the beautiful changes to the body, ... Purchasable Mutagens:. Taking a mutagen pill puts the user in a mutagenic reaction state. It begins with an initial phase ... Craftable Mutagen:. With research done, you can eventually craft your own mutagens. It begins with Catalyst Serum, a special ... Added mutagen research (Pre-req to begin mutagen crafting path). -Added catalyst serum (First item needed to begin crafting ...
https://ludeon.com/forums/index.php?topic=33284.msg349474
Mutagen pointer Illustration in PNG, SVGMutagen pointer Illustration in PNG, SVG
Download mutagen pointer vector illustration for free. Find illustrations in PNG, SVG from top Dribbble artists for your design ...
http://static-cdn.icons8.com/illustrations/illustration/experimental-mutagen-pointer
Netflix | The Witcher | Recrearea unui mutagenNetflix | The Witcher | Recrearea unui mutagen
Vesemir o imploră pe Triss să-l ajute să creeze un mutagen. ...
https://witchernetflix.com/ro/content/remaking-a-mutagen
How to Get Mutagen in ARK - ProGameTalkHow to Get Mutagen in ARK - ProGameTalk
The best way to farm Mutagen is to craft it after collecting a lot of Mutagel, which is best done by collecting from the ...
https://progametalk.com/ark/how-to-get-mutagen/
Mutagen: Definition, Types, Nature, Effects - YB Study
There are three main categories of mutagens: biological mutagens, physical mutagens, and chemical mutagens. ... 6. What are the most common chemical mutagens?. Answer: The most commonly used chemical mutagens are alkylating agents such as ... 5. What are the three types of mutagens?. Answer: Three types of Mutagens are - Physical, Chemical, and Biological Mutagenic ... 4. What are mutagens examples?. Answer: Examples of mutagens include radioactive substances, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, and ...
https://www.ybstudy.com/2022/07/mutagen-definition-types-nature-effects.html
Substance Information - ECHASubstance Information - ECHA
Potential mutagen: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as a suspected mutagen Muta. 2. Broad agreement: comes ... 2 carcinogen, mutagen and reprotoxin (CMR) definitions and Annex I of the Carcinogens, Mutagens and Reprotoxins Directive (CMRD ... Mutagenic (M) - Recognised mutagen: comes from a harmonised C&L classifying the substance as Muta. 1A or 1B and/or an entry in ... Carcinogens, Mutagens and Reproductive substances Not Allowed for Use in Components of Active and Intelligent Materials and ...
https://echa.europa.eu/fr/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.064.602
Chemical Mutagens: Environmental Effects on Biological by L Fishbein - xProductivity Library
Read Online or Download Chemical Mutagens: Environmental Effects on Biological Systems PDF ... Chemical Mutagens: Environmental results on organic platforms brings jointly correct proof approximately man made and of course ... It additionally discusses the categories of mutation chemical mutagens set off within the quite a few try out platforms which ... the second one half offers with the person chemical mutagens of environmental importance, together with their manufacture, ...
http://xproductivity.org/download/chemical-mutagens-environmental-effects-on-biological-systems
Current Intelligence Bulletin 27: Chloroethanes Review of Toxicity (78-181) | NIOSH | CDCCurrent Intelligence Bulletin 27: Chloroethanes Review of Toxicity (78-181) | NIOSH | CDC
Fishbein, L.: Industrial mutagens and potential mutagens I. halogenated aliphatic derivatives. Mutation Research 32:2176-308, ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/78-181/default.html
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00177506 - Current intelligence bulletins: summaries.NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00177506 - Current intelligence bulletins: summaries.
Mutagens; Nervous-system-disorders; Reproductive-system-disorders; Laboratory-animals ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00177506.html
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ULTIMATES! - Raphael [Mutagen Ooze Glow] - Super7Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ULTIMATES! - Raphael [Mutagen Ooze Glow] - Super7
Mutagen Ooze has transformed Raphael from a discarded pet turtle lost in the sewer to the hot-tempered wiseguy of the Teenage ... Mutagen Ooze has transformed Raphael from a discarded pet turtle lost in the sewer to the hot-tempered wiseguy of the Teenage ... These made-to-order figures would be a righteous addition to any collection, so pre-order your glow-in-the-dark Mutagen Ooze ... This Super7.com exclusive 7" scale highly articulated Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ULTIMATES! Mutagen Ooze Raphael figure ...
https://super7.com/collections/teenage-mutant-ninja-turtles/products/tmnt-ultimates-raphael-mutagen-ooze-s7-exclusive
Browsing by SubjectBrowsing by Subject
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https://apps.who.int/iris/browse?rpp=20&offset=3933&etal=-1&sort_by=-1&type=mesh&starts_with_previous=N&order=ASC
International Conference on Environmental MutagensMutationEnviron Mol MutagenCarcinogenGeneforgeExposure to carcinogensMutagenicGerm cellMutagenesisBiologicalPhysicalGeneticExtrinsicMutationsEnvironmentalChromosomesSubstancesAirborneGenomeBiologyPotentCompoundsReplicationCommonlyEffectsExhibitGuidanceRadiationDetectionIncludeLibraryResearchModuleAgent
International Conference on Environmental Mutagens3
  • Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development will host The Sixth International Conference on Environmental Mutagens in Human Populations to be held in Doha 26 - 29 March 2012. (iloveqatar.net)
  • International Conference on Environmental Mutagens in Ottawa, Canada 27 August to 1 September 2022 - "A Strategy for Developing a Framework of Genotoxicity Assays for Safety Assessment of Botanicals" - oral platform by Dr. Stefan Pfuhler, Procter and Gamble. (botanicalsafetyconsortium.org)
  • Bridges, BA & Friedberg, EC 2002, ' Reflections on the 8th International Conference on Environmental Mutagens ', DNA repair , vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 169-174. (elsevier.com)
Mutation7
  • Anything that's a labeled carcinogen is also mutagen, as cancer is perhaps the most common form of mutation. (zorknot.com)
  • So while this type of mutagen is the most commonly found in nature, it isn't something you want to use to find a beneficial mutation. (zorknot.com)
  • Mutagenic slurries are a VERY random mutagen that fit almost every mutation available into one consumable, making it very risky but very rewarding if you are lucky. (ludeon.com)
  • Any factor that can promote the mutation in organisms is called a mutagen. (ybstudy.com)
  • Any substance that can cause a sudden or fundamental change in the genetic material of an organism, making gene mutation or chromosomal aberration above the natural level, is collectively referred to as a mutagen. (ybstudy.com)
  • It additionally discusses the categories of mutation chemical mutagens set off within the quite a few try out platforms which were applied. (xproductivity.org)
  • The physical or chemical agent which causes mutation is called a mutagen. (lifeeasy.org)
Environ Mol Mutagen1
  • Environ Mol Mutagen;58(7): 477-484, 2017 08. (bvsalud.org)
Carcinogen2
  • Based on available evidence for a close analogue, and in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, the registered substance does not meet the criteria for classification as a carcinogen (category 1A or 1B), germ cell mutagen (category 1A or 1B) or reproductive toxin (category 1A, 1B or 2). (europa.eu)
  • We investigated the possible combined genotoxic effects of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (900 MHz, amplitude modulated at 217 Hz, mobile phone signal) with the drinking water mutagen and carcinogen 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX). (emfacts.com)
Geneforge4
  • Geneforge 1 - Mutagen is a unique, truly open-ended fantasy adventure in a strange, new world. (steampowered.com)
  • Geneforge 1 - Mutagen offers unmatched freedom in how you play. (steampowered.com)
  • Geneforge 1 - Mutagen is a total remaster of our 2001 cult-classic Geneforge. (steampowered.com)
  • I haven't beaten Mutagen (because lack of free time) but I recall the strategy I used in the original Geneforge. (ipbhost.com)
Exposure to carcinogens1
  • Rulebook of 8 December 2011 on preventive measures for safe and healthy work during exposure to carcinogens or mutagens. (ilo.org)
Mutagenic3
  • Taking a mutagen pill puts the user in a mutagenic reaction state. (ludeon.com)
  • Mutations are caused by chance or by mutagenic agents called mutagens. (ybstudy.com)
  • Chemical Mutagens: Environmental results on organic platforms brings jointly correct proof approximately man made and of course happening mutagenic chemical compounds. (xproductivity.org)
Germ cell1
  • Prior to the clas- sification work, the technical guidance for classification of germ cell mutagens was prepared. (cdc.gov)
Mutagenesis1
  • Irradiation and chemical mutagens are mostly employed mutagens for mutations using random mutagenesis and some of them have considerably increased the characteristics of amylases in order to satisfy one or all of the 3 E's i.e. (bsmiab.org)
Biological8
  • many naturally occurring biological mutagens may be produced by fungi or plant or animals cells during metabolism. (edukits.co)
  • Microbes a​ re naturally occurring​ biological mutagens . (edukits.co)
  • Mutagens are the biological, chemical, or physical agents that can change the DNA sequence. (ybstudy.com)
  • A mutagen is a biological, chemical, or physical agent that can change the DNA sequence. (ybstudy.com)
  • There are three main categories of mutagens: biological mutagens, physical mutagens, and chemical mutagens. (ybstudy.com)
  • Commonly used biological mutagens are viruses, bacterial toxins, etc. (ybstudy.com)
  • Currently, environmental and drug mutagens are often added to physical, chemical, and biological mutagens. (ybstudy.com)
  • Tools such as CRISPR/Cas have to be considered to be 'biotechnological mutagens' that, in contrast to chemical or physical mutagens, directly interact with the biological mechanisms on the level of the genome. (gmwatch.org)
Physical2
  • At the beginning of the 20th century, physical mutagens were discovered. (ybstudy.com)
  • The mutagens are of chemical or physical in nature. (bsmiab.org)
Genetic3
  • Organized by Qatar Foundation, Environmental Mutagen Society and the International Association of Environmental Mutagen Societies, ICEMHP 2012 will consider the local and regional aspects of genetic testing, risk assessment and policy-making to protect both human health and the environment. (iloveqatar.net)
  • Identifying and estimating the genetic impact of chemical mutagens / Committee on Chemical Environmental Mutagens, Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council. (who.int)
  • Genetic analysis of X-linked mutagen-sensitive mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. (wikidata.org)
Extrinsic1
  • Point mutations, chromosomal rearrangements and copy number changes, whether they have occurred spontaneously in predisposed individuals or have been induced by intrinsic or extrinsic (environmental) mutagens, lead to the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, thereby promoting malignancy. (nih.gov)
Mutations4
  • When active, the mutagen randomly gives the user mutations. (ludeon.com)
  • Mutagen pills are highly refined, often giving more beneficial mutations than harmful ones. (ludeon.com)
  • Mutagen that is popular on Glitterworlds for the beautiful changes to the body, such as the floral-like mutations that sprout around the ears. (ludeon.com)
  • Induced mutations occur when some agent outside the cell-a mutagen-causes a permanent change in DNA. (thelib.info)
Environmental7
  • Dr. Yang Luan (photo) has asked some of the top environmental mutagen researchers in China to collect the manuscripts for Genes and Environment . (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been 40 years since the Chinese Environmental Mutagen Society (CEMS) was established in 1981. (biomedcentral.com)
  • by National Research Council (U.S..) Committee on Chemical Environmental Mutagens. (who.int)
  • Environmental sampling was conducted at the medical center on April 11-16, 1988 to evaluate occupational exposure to hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatic compounds (PNAs), formaldehyde, cyanide, and airborne mutagens. (cdc.gov)
  • the second one half offers with the person chemical mutagens of environmental importance, together with their manufacture, prevalence, approach to detection, degradation, and metabolism. (xproductivity.org)
  • Modulation of the activity of environmental mutagens has been extensively studies. (elsevier.com)
  • Thus, OGG1-activating compounds may be useful in select humans to mitigate the deleterious effects of environmental oxidants and mutagens. (luciolepharma.com)
Chromosomes1
  • A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. (bvsalud.org)
Substances1
  • Il s'agit d'une source d'informations unique sur les substances chimiques fabriquées et importées en Europe. (europa.eu)
Airborne1
  • He has developed an airborne mutagen which turns rational, intelligent humans into mindless, violent drones. (igem.org)
Genome2
  • There are basically two ways of making a mutant: using a mutagen , or specifically targeting an organism's genome . (zorknot.com)
  • When these biotechnological mutagens are used, natural mechanisms of gene regulation maybe circumvented and the genome is made available for changes to a much greater extent than ever before. (gmwatch.org)
Biology1
Potent1
  • Epidemiological and animal studies suggest that several metals and metal-containing compounds are potent mutagens and carcinogens. (cdc.gov)
Compounds2
  • Mutagens are usually chemical compounds or ionizing radiation and can be divided into different categories according to their effect on DNA replication. (ybstudy.com)
  • chemical characterization work, development of method to collect gas-phase hydrocarbons in diesel exhaust, effect of NO2 in mutagen artifact generation, study of filter efficiency and identification of types of compounds responsible for Ames test activity in diesel particulates. (epa.gov)
Replication2
  • Some mutagens act as base analogs and insert into the DNA strand during replication instead of the substrates. (ybstudy.com)
  • These mutational signatures, supplemented by mutable motifs (a wider mutational context), promise to help us to understand the nature of the mutational processes that operate during tumor evolution because they represent the footprints of interactions between DNA, mutagens and the enzymes of the repair/replication/modification pathways. (nih.gov)
Commonly1
  • One of the mutagens most commonly used in labs is a chemical called EMS (Ethyl MethaneSulfonate) . (zorknot.com)
Effects2
  • An ether extract of normal human faces showed inhibitory effects on the activities of several mutagens in the Ames tests. (elsevier.com)
  • Although the physiological significance of these effects of oleate and linoleate is yet to be elucidated, this finding has indicated that care must be taken in screening mutagens by the Ames tests to avoid flase negatives resulting from the presence of unsaturated fatty acids in the system. (elsevier.com)
Exhibit1
  • We report here that ether extracts of normal human feces exhibit inhibitory actions on several mutagens in the Ames tests and that, by fractionating the extracts, we identified the inhibitory priciples as oleic and linoleic acids. (elsevier.com)
Guidance1
  • A fully referenced document offering guidance in the field of short-term testing for mutagens and genotoxic carcinogens. (who.int)
Radiation2
  • A mutagen can be anything from nuclear radiation to insecticide. (zorknot.com)
  • Ionizing radiation, as you might imagine, is a rather ruthless mutagen. (zorknot.com)
Detection2
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Use Of Metabolically Competent Human Hepatoma Cells of The Detection Of Mutagens And Antimutagens. (who.int)
  • She also assisted with the organization of the IARC course on Detection of Health Hazards in Chemical Mutagens and Carcinogens, held in 1993. (who.int)
Include1
  • those mutagens include Trp-P-1 (the tryptophan pyrolysis product) (Arimoto et al. (elsevier.com)
Library1
  • The Python library mutagen can be used to edit the tags (metadata) of multimedia files such as mp3. (from-locals.com)
Research1
  • With research done, you can eventually craft your own mutagens. (ludeon.com)
Module1
Agent1
  • Is the Photosuturing Agent, Rose Bengal, a Mutagen? (scirp.org)
Online Safety Training : Earlham College
Online Safety Training : Earlham College (earlham.edu)
How to Get Mutagen in ARK - ProGameTalk
How to Get Mutagen in ARK - ProGameTalk (progametalk.com)
Mutagen Archieven - UFI-code
Mutagen Archieven - UFI-code (ufi-code.de)
IACUC Policies and Procedures | Research Protections Office | The University of Vermont
IACUC Policies and Procedures | Research Protections Office | The University of Vermont (uvm.edu)
Substance Information - ECHA
Substance Information - ECHA (echa.europa.eu)
Ethylene Oxide Sterilizers in Health Care Facilities (89-115) | NIOSH | CDC
Ethylene Oxide Sterilizers in Health Care Facilities (89-115) | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
Carcinogenicity of Acetaldehyde & Malonaldehyde & Mutagenicity of Related Low-Molecular-Weight Aldehydes | NIOSH | CDC
Carcinogenicity of Acetaldehyde & Malonaldehyde & Mutagenicity of Related Low-Molecular-Weight Aldehydes | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
按主题Mutagens浏览
按主题"Mutagens"浏览 (extranet.who.int)
RTECS: References - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH
RTECS: References - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH (cdc.gov)
Teratology, by Kyle Winkler | Conjunctions - The forum for innovative writing
Teratology, by Kyle Winkler | Conjunctions - The forum for innovative writing (conjunctions.com)
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Graphene Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Cytotoxicity
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Graphene Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Cytotoxicity (mdpi.com)
Hierbabuena: MedlinePlus suplementos
Hierbabuena: MedlinePlus suplementos (medlineplus.gov)
Comic History Archives - Comic Art Community
Comic History Archives - Comic Art Community (comicartcommunity.com)
Guidelines for Safe Work Practices in Human and Animal Medical Diagnostic Laboratories
Guidelines for Safe Work Practices in Human and Animal Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (cdc.gov)
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE - Some Chemicals Present in Industrial and Consumer Products, Food and Drinking-Water - NCBI Bookshelf
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE - Some Chemicals Present in Industrial and Consumer Products, Food and Drinking-Water - NCBI Bookshelf (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Monster Buster: World Invasion on the App Store
Monster Buster: World Invasion on the App Store (apps.apple.com)
Prostate Cancer, Nutrition, and Dietary Supplements: Overview, Diet and Cancer, Dietary Fat and Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer, Nutrition, and Dietary Supplements: Overview, Diet and Cancer, Dietary Fat and Prostate Cancer (medscape.com)
Bloom Syndrome (Congenital Telangiectatic Erythema) Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations
Bloom Syndrome (Congenital Telangiectatic Erythema) Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations (medscape.com)
Mode of Action Video - Glossary - Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Mode of Action Video - Glossary - Alabama Cooperative Extension System (aces.edu)
Tree - WormBase : Nematode Information Resource
Tree - WormBase : Nematode Information Resource (wormbase.org)
(researchgate.net)
Cancers | Free Full-Text | BRCA-Mutated Pancreatic Cancer: From Discovery to Novel Treatment Paradigms
Cancers | Free Full-Text | BRCA-Mutated Pancreatic Cancer: From Discovery to Novel Treatment Paradigms (mdpi.com)
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Classifications
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Classifications (medscape.com)
Toxiska effekter av nanopartiklar med fokus på genomisk instabilitet | Karolinska Institutet
Toxiska effekter av nanopartiklar med fokus på genomisk instabilitet | Karolinska Institutet (ki.se)
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology (medscape.com)
Andrew KLIGERMAN | Research biologist | Ph.D. | United States Environmental Protection Agency | US EPA | Integrated Systems...
Andrew KLIGERMAN | Research biologist | Ph.D. | United States Environmental Protection Agency | US EPA | Integrated Systems... (researchgate.net)
FreshPorts -- multimedia/py-subliminal/Makefile
FreshPorts -- multimedia/py-subliminal/Makefile (freshports.org)