An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
The type species of RUBULAVIRUS that causes an acute infectious disease in humans, affecting mainly children. Transmission occurs by droplet infection.
Vaccines used to prevent infection by MUMPS VIRUS. Best known is the live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or been immunized with live mumps vaccine. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine.
A combined vaccine used to prevent MEASLES; MUMPS; and RUBELLA.
INFLAMMATION of the PAROTID GLAND.
An acute infectious disease caused by the RUBELLA VIRUS. The virus enters the respiratory tract via airborne droplet and spreads to the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.
A highly contagious infectious disease caused by MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells, spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.
A live attenuated virus vaccine of duck embryo or human diploid cell tissue culture origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of nonpregnant adolescent and adult females of childbearing age who are unimmunized and do not have serum antibodies to rubella. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.
A genus of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE (subfamily PARAMYXOVIRINAE) where all the species have hemagglutinin and neuraminidase activities but lack a C protein. MUMPS VIRUS is the type species.
Two or more vaccines in a single dosage form.
A live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had measles or been immunized with live measles vaccine and have no serum antibodies against measles. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.
A syndrome characterized by headache, neck stiffness, low grade fever, and CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis in the absence of an acute bacterial pathogen. Viral meningitis is the most frequent cause although MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; RICKETTSIA INFECTIONS; diagnostic or therapeutic procedures; NEOPLASTIC PROCESSES; septic perimeningeal foci; and other conditions may result in this syndrome. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p745)
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Inflammation of the EPIDIDYMIS. Its clinical features include enlarged epididymis, a swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.
The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately below and in front of the EAR.

Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review. (1/298)

Mumps is an acute infectious disease caused by a paramyxovirus. Although the disease is usually mild, up to 10% of patients can develop aseptic meningitis; a less common but more serious complication is encephalitis, which can result in death or disability. Permanent deafness, orchitis, and pancreatitis are other untoward effects of mumps. Based on data reported to WHO up to April 1998, mumps vaccine is routinely used by national immunization programmes in 82 countries/areas: 23 (92%) of 25 developed countries, 19 (86%) of 22 countries with economies in transition (mainly the Newly Independent States of the former Soviet Union), and 40 (24%) of 168 developing countries. Countries that have achieved high coverage have shown a rapid decline in mumps morbidity. Furthermore, in many of these countries, mumps-associated encephalitis and deafness have nearly vanished. This review considers the disease burden due to mumps; summarizes studies on the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of different strains of mumps vaccine; and highlights lessons learned about implementing mumps immunization in different countries. Countries already using mumps vaccine should monitor immunization coverage and establish routine mumps surveillance with investigation of outbreaks. Where mumps is targeted for elimination, countries need to add a second dose of mumps vaccine for children, keeping in mind that the disease may still occur in susceptible adults.  (+info)

The mumps virus neurovirulence safety test in Rhesus monkeys: a comparison of mumps virus strains. (2/298)

Wild type mumps viruses are highly neurotropic and a frequent cause of aseptic meningitis in unvaccinated humans. To test whether attenuated mumps viruses used in the manufacture of mumps vaccines have neurovirulent properties, a monkey neurovirulence safety test (MNVT) is performed. However, results with several mumps virus MNVTs have raised questions as to whether the test can reliably discriminate neurovirulent from nonneurovirulent mumps virus strains. Here, various mumps virus strains representing a wide range of neuropathogenicity were tested in a standardized MNVT. A trend of higher neurovirulence scores was observed in monkeys inoculated with wild type mumps virus versus vaccine strains, although differences were not statistically significant. Results indicated the need for further examination and refinement of the MNVT or for development of alternative MNVTs.  (+info)

Acute dysautonomia following mumps. (3/298)

Pure acute or subacute dysautonomia is a rare entity. Its etiology is as yet unknown. However, majority of these cases have a preceding viral infection such as herpes simplex, infectious mononucleosis, rubella or coxsackie B. A unique patient in whom acute dysautonomia followed mumps is reported.  (+info)

Genetic heterogeneity of mumps virus in the United Kingdom: identification of two new genotypes. (4/298)

A reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to detect the small hydrophobic (SH) gene of mumps virus (MuV). Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the entire SH gene sequence (318 nucleotides) and the putative SH protein (57 amino acids). At least 4 MuV genotypes were identified in the United Kingdom between 1995 and 1998 by direct sequencing of 26 PCR amplicons from a variety of specimens. Comparison of these and GenBank sequences identified 2 new genotypes in the United Kingdom. The results suggest that, after the introduction of universal mumps vaccination in the United Kingdom in 1988, there appears to have been a switch from a predominant genotype to a heterogeneous group of strains.  (+info)

Decay of passively acquired maternal antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella viruses. (5/298)

The decay of maternally derived antibodies to measles, mumps, and rubella viruses in Swiss infants was studied in order to determine the optimal time for vaccination. A total of 500 serum or plasma samples from infants up to 2 years of age were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescent-antibody testing. The decline of antibody prevalence was slowest against the measles virus. By 9 to 12 months of age, only 5 of 58 (8.6%; 95% CI, 2.9 to 19.0) infants were antibody positive for the measles virus, and only 2 had levels above 200 mIU/ml. Mumps and rubella virus antibody seropositivity was lowest at 9 to 12 months of age with 3 of 58 (5. 2%; 95% CI, 1.1 to 14.4) infants and at 12 to 15 months with 1 of 48 (2.1%; 95% CI, 0.1 to 11.1) infants, respectively. Concentrations of passively acquired antibodies decreased rapidly within the first 6 months of life. We observed no significant differences in antibody prevalence or concentration according to gender in any age group. In conclusion, MMR vaccination at 12 instead of 15 months of age could reduce the pool of susceptible subjects in infancy and support the efforts to eliminate these infections, particularly in combination with a second vaccine dose before school entry.  (+info)

Infection with wild-type mumps virus in army recruits temporally associated with MMR vaccine. (6/298)

Four cases of mumps were reported among 180 army recruits who had received MMR vaccine 16 days earlier. Mumps serology, salivary mumps IgM and PCR tests for the SH gene were performed on the 4 cases and on 5 control recruits who remained well. PCR products were sequenced and the sequences compared to those of wild type and vaccine strains of mumps. Further salivary mumps IgM tests were performed on the remaining 171 recruits. Mumps infection was confirmed in the 4 cases but not in the 5 controls. The controls had serological evidence of prior immunity. The SH gene sequence found in the 4 cases was wild type. Saliva tests identified 2 additional recruits with mumps IgM, one of whom had presented with suspected mumps 2 days before the MMR vaccine was given. Thus 6 (5 symptomatic and 1 asymptomatic) cases of mumps in army recruits recently receiving MMR vaccine were not due to the vaccine but to coincidental infection with wild-type mumps virus. The probable index case was revealed by salivary mumps IgM tests. This study highlights the importance of appropriate investigation of illness associated with MMR vaccination.  (+info)

Nested PCR for rapid detection of mumps virus in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with neurological diseases. (7/298)

In this study, we have developed a reverse transcription (RT)-nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR) for the detection of mumps virus RNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with neurological infections. A specific 112-bp fragment was amplified by this method with primers from the nucleoprotein of the mumps virus genome. The mumps virus RT-n-PCR was capable of detecting 0.001 PFU/ml and 0.005 50% tissue culture infective dose/ml. This method was found to be specific, since no PCR product was detected in each of the CSF samples from patients with proven non-mumps virus-related meningitis or encephalitis. Mumps virus RNA was detected in all 18 CSF samples confirmed by culture to be infected with mumps virus. Positive PCR results were obtained for the CSF of 26 of 28 patients that were positive for signs of mumps virus infection (i.e., cultivable virus from urine or oropharyngeal samples or positivity for anti-mumps virus immunoglobulin M) but without cultivable virus in their CSF. Overall, mumps virus RNA was detected in CSF of 96% of the patients with a clinical diagnosis of viral central nervous system (CNS) disease and confirmed mumps virus infection, while mumps virus was isolated in CSF of only 39% of the patients. Furthermore, in a retrospective study, we were able to detect mumps virus RNA in 25 of 55 (46%) CSF samples from patients with a clinical diagnosis of viral CNS disease and negative laboratory evidence of viral infection including mumps virus infection. The 25 patients represent 12% of the 236 patients who had a clinical diagnosis of viral CNS infections and whose CSF was examined at our laboratory for a 2-year period. The findings confirm the importance of mumps virus as a causative agent of CNS infections in countries with low vaccine coverage rates. In summary, our study demonstrates the usefulness of the mumps virus RT-n-PCR for the diagnosis of mumps virus CNS disease and suggests that this assay may soon become the "gold standard" test for the diagnosis of mumps virus CNS infection.  (+info)

A secondary school outbreak of mumps following the childhood immunization programme in England and Wales. (8/298)

Since the introduction of routine measles, mumps and rubella immunization for children in England and Wales in 1988, the incidence of mumps has declined steadily. We describe an outbreak of mumps in 1996 attacking 34 of a cohort of 98 schoolchildren born in 1982 and 1983. This is the largest outbreak in the UK since the introduction of the vaccine into the childhood immunization schedule. Salivary IgM assay was used as a simple, minimally invasive test to confirm the diagnosis. The occurrence of the outbreak demonstrates that British children who were just too old to receive mumps immunization in 1988 continue to be at risk of this disease as a result of diminished natural exposure. Further cases and outbreaks in this cohort are to be expected. Cohorts born before 1982 appear to be at less risk, presumably because of naturally acquired infection before the introduction of immunization.  (+info)

Mumps is a viral infection that primarily affects the parotid salivary glands, causing them to swell and become painful. The medical definition of mumps is: "An acute infectious disease, caused by the mumps virus, characterized by painful enlargement of one or more of the salivary glands, especially the parotids."

The infection spreads easily through respiratory droplets or direct contact with an infected person's saliva. Symptoms typically appear 16-18 days after exposure and include fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, and swollen, tender salivary glands. Complications of mumps are rare but can be serious and include meningitis, encephalitis, deafness, and inflammation of the reproductive organs in males.

Prevention is through vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, which is part of routine childhood immunization schedules in many countries.

The Mumps virus is a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and Rubulavirus genus. It is the causative agent of mumps, an acute infectious disease characterized by painful swelling of the salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands.

The Mumps virus has a spherical or pleomorphic shape with a diameter of approximately 150-250 nanometers. It is surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane derived from the host cell, which contains viral glycoproteins that facilitate attachment and entry into host cells.

The M protein, located beneath the envelope, plays a crucial role in virus assembly and budding. The genome of the Mumps virus consists of eight genes encoding nine proteins, including two major structural proteins (nucleocapsid protein and matrix protein) and several non-structural proteins involved in viral replication and pathogenesis.

Transmission of the Mumps virus occurs through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected saliva. After infection, the incubation period ranges from 12 to 25 days, followed by a prodromal phase characterized by fever, headache, malaise, and muscle pain. The characteristic swelling of the parotid glands usually appears 1-3 days after the onset of symptoms.

Complications of mumps can include meningitis, encephalitis, orchitis, oophoritis, pancreatitis, and deafness. Prevention relies on vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, which is highly effective in preventing mumps and its complications.

The Mumps Vaccine is a biological preparation intended to induce immunity against mumps, a contagious viral infection that primarily affects the salivary glands. The vaccine contains live attenuated (weakened) mumps virus, which stimulates the immune system to develop a protective response without causing the disease.

There are two types of mumps vaccines available:

1. The Jeryl Lynn strain is used in the United States and is part of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine and the Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (MMRV) vaccine. This strain is derived from a clinical isolate obtained from the throat washings of a child with mumps in 1963.
2. The Urabe AM9 strain was used in some countries but has been discontinued in many places due to an increased risk of meningitis as a rare complication.

The MMR vaccine is typically given to children at 12-15 months of age and again at 4-6 years of age, providing long-lasting immunity against mumps in most individuals. The vaccine has significantly reduced the incidence of mumps and its complications worldwide.

The Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine is a combination immunization that protects against three infectious diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella. It contains live attenuated viruses of each disease, which stimulate an immune response in the body similar to that produced by natural infection but do not cause the diseases themselves.

The MMR vaccine is typically given in two doses, the first at 12-15 months of age and the second at 4-6 years of age. It is highly effective in preventing these diseases, with over 90% effectiveness reported after a single dose and near 100% effectiveness after the second dose.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that can cause fever, rash, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes. It can also lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and even death.

Mumps is a viral infection that primarily affects the salivary glands, causing swelling and tenderness in the cheeks and jaw. It can also cause fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Mumps can lead to serious complications such as deafness, meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord), and inflammation of the testicles or ovaries.

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a viral infection that typically causes a mild fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes. However, if a pregnant woman becomes infected with rubella, it can cause serious birth defects such as hearing impairment, heart defects, and developmental delays in the fetus.

The MMR vaccine is an important tool in preventing these diseases and protecting public health.

Parotitis is the medical term for inflammation of the parotid gland, which is one of the major salivary glands located in the face, near the ear. The condition can result from various causes, including bacterial or viral infections, autoimmune disorders, or obstruction of the salivary ducts.

Parotitis can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, redness, and difficulty swallowing. In some cases, it may also lead to fever, chills, and general malaise. The diagnosis of parotitis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and sometimes imaging studies or laboratory tests to identify the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the specific cause but may include antibiotics, pain relievers, hydration, and measures to improve salivary flow.

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a viral infection that primarily affects the skin and lymphatic system. It is caused by the rubella virus. The disease is typically mild with symptoms such as low-grade fever, sore throat, swollen glands (especially around the ears and back of the neck), and a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body.

Rubella is preventable through vaccination, and it's part of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. It's crucial to get vaccinated against rubella because if a pregnant woman gets infected with the virus, it can cause serious birth defects in her unborn baby, including hearing impairment, eye abnormalities, heart problems, and developmental delays. This condition is called congenital rubella syndrome (CRS).

It's worth noting that rubella has been largely eliminated from many parts of the world due to widespread vaccination programs, but it still remains a public health concern in areas with low vaccination rates or where access to healthcare is limited.

Measles, also known as rubeola, is a highly infectious viral disease that primarily affects the respiratory system. It is caused by the measles virus, which belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae and the genus Morbillivirus. The virus is transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals or through airborne droplets released during coughing and sneezing.

The classic symptoms of measles include:

1. Fever: A high fever (often greater than 104°F or 40°C) usually appears before the onset of the rash, lasting for about 4-7 days.
2. Cough: A persistent cough is common and may become severe.
3. Runny nose: A runny or blocked nose is often present during the early stages of the illness.
4. Red eyes (conjunctivitis): Inflammation of the conjunctiva, the mucous membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids and the white part of the eye, can cause redness and irritation.
5. Koplik's spots: These are small, irregular, bluish-white spots with a red base that appear on the inside lining of the cheeks, usually 1-2 days before the rash appears. They are considered pathognomonic for measles, meaning their presence confirms the diagnosis.
6. Rash: The characteristic measles rash typically starts on the face and behind the ears, then spreads downward to the neck, trunk, arms, and legs. It consists of flat red spots that may merge together, forming irregular patches. The rash usually lasts for 5-7 days before fading.

Complications from measles can be severe and include pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and ear infections. In rare cases, measles can lead to serious long-term complications or even death, particularly in young children, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

Vaccination is an effective way to prevent measles. The measles vaccine is typically administered as part of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine, which provides immunity against all three diseases.

Rubella vaccine is a preventive measure used to immunize individuals against rubella, also known as German measles. It contains inactivated or weakened forms of the rubella virus that stimulate an immune response when introduced into the body. The two types of rubella vaccines available are:

1. Live Attenuated Rubella Vaccine (RAV): This vaccine contains a weakened form of the rubella virus, which triggers an immune response without causing the disease. It is the most commonly used rubella vaccine and is often combined with measles and mumps vaccines to create the Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) or Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella (MMRV) vaccines.

2. Inactivated Rubella Vaccine: This vaccine contains a killed rubella virus, which is less commonly used but can still provide immunity against the disease.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that children receive one dose of MMR vaccine at 12-15 months of age and another dose at 4-6 years of age. This schedule ensures optimal protection against rubella and other diseases included in the vaccines.

It is important to note that pregnant women should not receive the rubella vaccine, as it can potentially harm the developing fetus. Women who are planning to become pregnant should ensure they have had their rubella immunization before conceiving.

Orchitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of one or both testicles, usually caused by an infection. The most common cause of orchitis is a bacterial infection that spreads from the epididymis, resulting in a condition known as epididymo-orchitis. However, viral infections such as mumps can also lead to orchitis. Symptoms may include sudden and severe pain in the testicle(s), swelling, warmth, redness of the overlying skin, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Treatment typically involves antibiotics for bacterial infections and supportive care for symptom relief. If left untreated, orchitis can lead to complications such as infertility or testicular atrophy.

Rubulavirus is a genus in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales. It includes several viruses that primarily cause respiratory infections in humans and animals. The most well-known rubulaviruses affecting humans are the human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) 2 and 4, which can cause croup and bronchitis, and mumps virus, which causes mumps. These viruses are typically spread through respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected individuals. They have enveloped, non-segmented, negative-sense RNA genomes.

Combined vaccines are defined in medical terms as vaccines that contain two or more antigens from different diseases, which are given to provide protection against multiple diseases at the same time. This approach reduces the number of injections required and simplifies the immunization schedule, especially during early childhood. Examples of combined vaccines include:

1. DTaP-Hib-IPV (e.g., Pentacel): A vaccine that combines diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease, and poliovirus components in one injection to protect against these five diseases.
2. MMRV (e.g., ProQuad): A vaccine that combines measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (chickenpox) antigens in a single injection to provide immunity against all four diseases.
3. HepA-HepB (e.g., Twinrix): A vaccine that combines hepatitis A and hepatitis B antigens in one injection, providing protection against both types of hepatitis.
4. MenACWY-TT (e.g., MenQuadfi): A vaccine that combines four serogroups of meningococcal bacteria (A, C, W, Y) with tetanus toxoid as a carrier protein in one injection for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease caused by these serogroups.
5. PCV13-PPSV23 (e.g., Vaxneuvance): A vaccine that combines 13 pneumococcal serotypes with PPSV23, providing protection against a broader range of pneumococcal diseases in adults aged 18 years and older.

Combined vaccines have been thoroughly tested for safety and efficacy to ensure they provide a strong immune response and an acceptable safety profile. They are essential tools in preventing various infectious diseases and improving overall public health.

A measles vaccine is a biological preparation that induces immunity against the measles virus. It contains an attenuated (weakened) strain of the measles virus, which stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies that protect against future infection with the wild-type (disease-causing) virus. Measles vaccines are typically administered in combination with vaccines against mumps and rubella (German measles), forming the MMR vaccine.

The measles vaccine is highly effective, with one or two doses providing immunity in over 95% of people who receive it. It is usually given to children as part of routine childhood immunization programs, with the first dose administered at 12-15 months of age and the second dose at 4-6 years of age.

Measles vaccination has led to a dramatic reduction in the incidence of measles worldwide and is considered one of the greatest public health achievements of the past century. However, despite widespread availability of the vaccine, measles remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in some parts of the world, particularly in areas with low vaccination coverage or where access to healthcare is limited.

Antibodies, viral are proteins produced by the immune system in response to an infection with a virus. These antibodies are capable of recognizing and binding to specific antigens on the surface of the virus, which helps to neutralize or destroy the virus and prevent its replication. Once produced, these antibodies can provide immunity against future infections with the same virus.

Viral antibodies are typically composed of four polypeptide chains - two heavy chains and two light chains - that are held together by disulfide bonds. The binding site for the antigen is located at the tip of the Y-shaped structure, formed by the variable regions of the heavy and light chains.

There are five classes of antibodies in humans: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Each class has a different function and is distributed differently throughout the body. For example, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in the bloodstream and provides long-term immunity against viruses, while IgA is found primarily in mucous membranes and helps to protect against respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.

In addition to their role in the immune response, viral antibodies can also be used as diagnostic tools to detect the presence of a specific virus in a patient's blood or other bodily fluids.

Aseptic meningitis is a type of meningitis (inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) that is not caused by bacterial infection. Instead, it can be due to viral infections, fungal infections, or non-infectious causes such as certain medications, chemical irritants, or underlying medical conditions. In aseptic meningitis, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis may show increased white blood cells, typically lymphocytes, but no bacterial growth on culture. Common viral causes include enteroviruses, herpes simplex virus, and varicella-zoster virus. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include supportive care, antiviral medications, or immunosuppressive therapy in some cases.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Epididymitis is defined as the inflammation of the epididymis, a curved tube-like structure located at the back of the testicle that stores and transports sperm. The inflammation can result from infection, trauma, or other causes, and may cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and tenderness in the scrotum. In some cases, epididymitis may also be associated with urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted infections, or other medical conditions. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to treat any underlying infection, as well as pain relief measures and supportive care to help reduce symptoms and promote healing.

The parotid gland is the largest of the major salivary glands. It is a bilobed, accessory digestive organ that secretes serous saliva into the mouth via the parotid duct (Stensen's duct), located near the upper second molar tooth. The parotid gland is primarily responsible for moistening and lubricating food to aid in swallowing and digestion.

Anatomically, the parotid gland is located in the preauricular region, extending from the zygomatic arch superiorly to the angle of the mandible inferiorly, and from the masseter muscle anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly. It is enclosed within a fascial capsule and has a rich blood supply from the external carotid artery and a complex innervation pattern involving both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers.

Parotid gland disorders can include salivary gland stones (sialolithiasis), infections, inflammatory conditions, benign or malignant tumors, and autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome.

"comp.lang.mumps". Newsgroup: comp.lang.mumps. Retrieved 25 October 2022 - via Google Groups. Mumps Programming Language ... MUMPS is also widely used in financial applications. MUMPS gained an early following in the financial sector and is in use at ... The Complete MUMPS: An Introduction and Reference Manual for the MUMPS Programming Language. ISBN 0-13-162125-4 Kirsten, ... "MUMPS Database and Language". Sourceforge.net. Retrieved 2013-08-12. "Mumps/Mii". Rychannel.com. 2012-11-08. Retrieved 2013-08- ...
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"Mumps, Etc. - Why?". AllMusic. Retrieved March 13, 2015. Butler, Will (October 9, 2012). "Why?: Mumps, Etc". The A.V. Club. ... Reed, Ryan (October 9, 2012). "WHY?: Mumps, Etc". Paste. Retrieved March 13, 2015. Cohen, Ian (October 9, 2012). "WHY?: Mumps, ... Mumps, Etc. is the fourth studio album by American band Why?. It was released by Anticon in the United States on October 9, ... Mumps, Etc. at Discogs (list of releases) (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, ...
Globals are stored in structured data files by MUMPS, and accessed only as MUMPS globals. MUMPS has a long history of cached, ... MUMPS was early used for multi-user and multi-tasking work. Today, a PC running MUMPS can behave much as a large minicomputer ... The MUMPS term globals does not refer strictly to unscoped variables, as in the C tradition. MUMPS Globals are variables which ... MUMPS provides the classic ACID properties as part of any standard MUMPS implementation. FileMan is an example of a DBMS built ...
"Mumps Vaccine". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Mumps (The History of Vaccines) Mumps Immunization ... Mumps vaccines are vaccines which prevent mumps. When given to a majority of the population they decrease complications at the ... Mumps vaccine is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. There are a number of different types in use ... Immunisation against mumps in the UK became routine in 1988, commencing with MMR. The Aventis-Pasteur "MMR-2" brand is usual in ...
Look up mumps, Mumps, or MUMPS in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Mumps is a viral disease. Mumps or MUMPS may also refer to: ... Oldham Mumps, a district in Oldham, Greater Manchester Oldham Mumps railway station, a railway station on the Oldham Loop Line ... a band led by Lance Loud MUMPS (software), a numeric linear algebra software for parallel computers MUMPS (or M), a computer ... now converted to Manchester Metrolink and known as Oldham Mumps Metrolink station Mumps, an unwanted optical effect in ...
In 2016, Mumps virus was renamed to Mumps rubulavirus. In 2018, Mumps rubulavirus was renamed to Mumps orthorubulavirus to ... The "Jeryl Lynn" strain of the mumps virus, which belongs to genotype A, continues to be used in vaccines against mumps. Mumps ... The mumps virus was first identified as the cause of mumps in 1934 and was first isolated in 1945. Within a few years after ... The mumps virus was isolated for the first time in 1945 and by 1948 the first mumps vaccine had been developed. Initial ...
Since 1999, MUMPS has been supported by CERFACS, IRIT-ENSEEIHT, and INRIA. The importance of MUMPS lies in the fact that it is ... MUMPS (MUltifrontal Massively Parallel sparse direct Solver) is a software application for the solution of large sparse systems ... Official website WinMUMPS, files for compiling MUMPS on Windows v t e (Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, ...
Mumps (sometimes credited as The Mumps) were an American punk band fronted by Lance Loud. The mainstays of the band were Loud ... AllMusic, biography of Mumps "Mumps". 7 June 2021. "The Official Kristian Hoffman Website: Swinging Madisons Pictures". v t e ( ... "Kristian Hoffman's loud and queer as Mumps music's re-released". "Tales from a Former Fanzine Journalist: Mumps: Too Pop for ... You've Got Mumps (Omnivore Recordings, 2021). * Collert, Cheeseman and the younger Louds were in the proto-Mumps band Loud † ...
The bat mumps virus was first isolated from a fruit bat in the Democratic Republic of Congo and is closely related to the mumps ... In other words, the vaccine for human mumps appears to reduce the risk of infection from the bat mumps virus. Tropism in bats ... Although no studies on bats have been completed, it is known that the bat mumps virus is closely related to the human mumps ... Bat mumps orthorubulavirus, formerly Bat mumps rubulavirus (BMV), is a member of genus Orthorubulavirus, family Paramyxoviridae ...
Mumps vaccines are vaccines which prevent mumps. Mumps vaccine may also refer to Mumpsvax, a mumps vaccine manufactured by ... mumps, rubella, and varicella (chickenpox) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Mumps vaccine. If ... Merck MMR vaccine, a vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella MMRV vaccine, a vaccine against measles, ...
... opened on 1 November 1847 to serve the town of Oldham. The station was a primary station located ... The "temporary" Oldham Mumps tram stop was used as an interim measure, while the new street running tram line through Oldham ... Oldham Mumps was a railway station, opened in 1847, which served the town of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England, on the Oldham ... The name of the station survives in the present Oldham Mumps tram stop which is located a short distance north of the former ...
Oldham Mumps is a tram stop on the Oldham and Rochdale Line (ORL) of Greater Manchester's light-rail Metrolink system in the ... Oldham Mumps railway station opened on 1 November 1847 to serve the town of Oldham. The station was a primary station located ... The 'temporary' Oldham Mumps Metrolink Station closed on 18 January 2014. The permanent Metrolink station opened on 27 January ... The name of the station is taken from its situation within the Mumps area of Oldham, which itself probably derived from the ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Burrow Mump. "Burrow Mump" - a 360° panoramic view from the top of Burrow Mump 51°04′06″ ... Burrow Mump is also known as St Michael's Borough or Tutteyate. Both words 'burrow' and 'mump' mean hill. Archaeological ... "Burrow Mump, Burrowbridge". Gatehouse. Retrieved 21 May 2015. Historic England. "Burrow Mump: a motte castle, later chapel and ... "Burrowbridge Mump". Palden Jenkins. Retrieved 21 May 2015. "Burrow Mump, Burrowbridge". Somerset Historic Environment Record. ...
... is a subglacial mound in east-central British Columbia, Canada, located in the northeastern corner of Wells Gray ... List of volcanoes in Canada Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Western Canada Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes: Spanish Mump ...
... won the award for Best Live Performance for Inferno. Their 2002 production Mump and Smoot in Flux won two Dora ... Mump and Smoot live on the planet Ummo and worship the deity Ummo, as long as he might be responsive to their prayers. Their ... Mump and Smoot are a Canadian clown duo created by Michael Kennard and John Turner, and directed by Karen Hines. Also referred ... "Mump & Smoot live by clowns' laws ; Pair return to the stage with a new show drawn from their genre's traditions". Toronto Star ...
... this branch terminated at a station adjacent to the L&Y at Oldham Mumps." "...adjacent to the L&Y's Mumps station." Hooper ( ... by a Junction with the Mumps Extension of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway at or near Mumps Mill." (Italics and ... Oldham Mumps (L&NWR) railway station opened on 5 July 1856 as the terminus of the Oldham branch from Greenfield, the station ... at a place called Mumps,..." "...their existing terminus at Oldham Mumps..." "... ...
Mumps is a viral infection, caused by infection in the parotid gland. The submandibular glands (previously known as ... Hviid A, Rubin S, Mühlemann K (2008). "Mumps". Lancet. 371 (9616): 932-44. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60419-5. PMID 18342688. ...
Mumps • Mutually protected occlusion Nasolabial cyst • Nasopalatine cyst • National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ...
The mumps vaccine is a component of the Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccine (MMR). The mumps vaccine, specifically, is 88% ... effective at preventing mumps. Individuals with breakthrough cases of mumps have fewer serious complications from the ... "Mumps , Cases and Outbreaks , CDC". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2017-02-17. Latner, Donald R.; Hickman, Carole J. (2015-05-07). " ... The cause of breakthrough mumps is not currently completely understood. Evolution of the virus (antigenic drift) is thought to ...
Mumps, a relatively common cause of meningoencephalitis. However, most cases are mild, and mumps meningoencephalitis generally ... Bruyn HB, Sexton HM, Brainerd HD (March 1957). "Mumps meningoencephalitis; a clinical review of 119 cases with one death". ...
She co-founded the largely instrumental ensemble The Mumps who featured on Triple J unearthed and with whom she has recorded ... ". "The Mumps , triple j Unearthed". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. "Interview with Tina Havelock Stevens, winner of the ...
... are strains of mumps virus used in the Mumpsvax mumps vaccine made by Merck. The strains are named after Jeryl Lynn ... In 1963, Jeryl's father, Maurice Hilleman, was leading efforts to produce a mumps vaccine for Merck. He cultured the mumps ... Amexis G, Rubin S, Chizhikov V, Pelloquin F, Carbone K, Chumakov K (2002). "Sequence diversity of Jeryl Lynn strain of mumps ... MMR vaccine World Health Organization (March 1998). "The Mumps Vaccine". Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals. Archived from ...
"HPA - Mumps". Archived from the original on 2007-05-02. Retrieved 2008-07-10. "Confirmed cases of measles, mumps & rubella". ... Retrieved 9 June 2019.[dead link] "Confirmed cases of measles, mumps and rubella in England and Wales: 1996 to 2021". GOV.UK. ... "England and Wales in grip of mumps epidemic - 13 May 2005 - NZ Herald: World / International News". The New Zealand Herald. 13 ...
Masarani M, Wazait H, Dinneen M (2006). "Mumps orchitis". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 99 (11): 573-5. doi:10.1177 ... Trauma Hydrocele Mumps Malaria Defects in USP26 enzyme in some cases Mast cells releasing inflammatory mediators appear to ...
Masarani, M; Wazait, H; Dinneen, M (1 November 2006). "Mumps orchitis". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 99 (11): 573- ... Mumps Malaria Testicular cancer Defects in USP26 in some cases Acrosomal defects affecting egg penetration Idiopathic ... mumps orchitis, epididymitis), environmental factors, excessive heat, radiation, medications, and drug use (anabolic steroids, ...
Mumps, measles and rubella combined vaccine (MMR vaccine) Mumps, measles, rubella and varicella combined vaccine (MMRV vaccine ... "Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccination , CDC". www.cdc.gov. 5 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2022. Mitchell D (2013). ... "Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 22 August 2008. Archived from the ... "MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) Vaccine Information Statement". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC ...
MUMPS Development Committee. 29 November 2011. Retrieved 2019-10-21. MUMPS, an acronym for Massachusetts General Hospital ... Conway, Melvin E. (1983). Dayhoff, Ruth E. (ed.). Mumps Programming Reference Manual. MUMPS Users' Group. ISBN 0918118255. OCLC ... He also wrote a reference book on MUMPS in 1983. Conway was granted a US patent in 2001 on "Dataflow processing with events", ... In the 1970s, he was involved with the MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System) medical ...
"Measles Mumps Rubella". The Washington Post. 23 January 2004. Retrieved 30 March 2023. Mike Simonetti bio -Support Agency ... Les Georges Leningrad Lotus Eaters Measles Mumps Rubella Meneguar Merzbow Milky Wimpshake Mouthus Numbers Nuzzle One AM Radio ...
Mumps transmission can occur before or after the salivary glands swell. ... The mumps virus spreads through saliva or mucus from the mouth, nose, or throat. ... Mumps occurs in the United States, and the MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine is the best way to prevent the disease. ... A person with mumps should limit their contact with others during this time. For example, stay home from school and do not ...
Mumps[majr:noexp] AND humans[mh] AND english[la] AND last 1 Year [edat] NOT (letter[pt] OR case reports[pt] OR editorial[pt ... Mumps[majr:noexp] AND humans[mh] AND english[la] AND last 1 Year [edat] NOT (letter[pt] OR case reports[pt] OR editorial[pt ...
"comp.lang.mumps". Newsgroup: comp.lang.mumps. Retrieved 25 October 2022 - via Google Groups. Mumps Programming Language ... MUMPS is also widely used in financial applications. MUMPS gained an early following in the financial sector and is in use at ... The Complete MUMPS: An Introduction and Reference Manual for the MUMPS Programming Language. ISBN 0-13-162125-4 Kirsten, ... "MUMPS Database and Language". Sourceforge.net. Retrieved 2013-08-12. "Mumps/Mii". Rychannel.com. 2012-11-08. Retrieved 2013-08- ...
Mumps symptoms include fever, headache, and muscle aches. There is no treatment, but the MMR vaccine can prevent it. Get the ... You can catch mumps by being with another person who has it. There is no treatment for mumps, but the measles-mumps-rubella ( ... Mumps (American Academy of Family Physicians) Also in Spanish * Mumps (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also ... MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella) Vaccine: What You Need to Know (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - PDF Also in ...
Mumps was a common childhood disease when I was a child. We grew up learning that it was better to get mumps as a child because ... Why is mumps, a preventable and serious disease, causing problems in Canada? photo of a child with mumps by by Barbara Rice, ... Death is not a common outcome of mumps. Between 1953 and 1962, there were 162,344 cases of mumps in the U.S. every year and ... The increasing incidence of mumps orchitis: a comprehensive review-- There has been a recent increase in mumps orchitis among ...
More than 800 cases of mumps in Iowa in 2006 may be traced to UK. Air travel is the likely disseminator of outbreak, according ... Mumps vaccine is among the most effective childhood vaccines. Routine immunization has reduced the incidence of mumps in the U. ... After the introduction of live attenuated mumps vaccine in 1967 and its incorporation into the mumps-measles-rubella vaccine a ... Exposure to mumps during air travel - United States, April 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006 Apr 14; 55:401-2. ...
mumps (epidemic parotitis), acute contagious viral disease, manifesting itself chiefly in pain and swelling of the salivary ... Mumps most often affects children between the ages of 5 and 15, the incubation period being 14 to 21 days; the acute phase ... mumps. (epidemic parotitis), acute contagious viral disease, manifesting itself chiefly in pain and swelling of the salivary ...
Difficulty with mumps diagnosis: what is the contribution of mumps mimickers?. J Clin Virol. 2009 Dec. 46 (4):381-3. [QxMD ... Impact of a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine on a mumps outbreak. Pediatrics. 2012 Dec. 130 (6):e1567-74. [QxMD ... Dayan GH, Rubin S. Mumps outbreaks in vaccinated populations: are available mumps vaccines effective enough to prevent ... encoded search term (Acute Mumps) and Acute Mumps What to Read Next on Medscape ...
SETI@home and Astropulse are funded by grants from the National Science Foundation, NASA, and donations from SETI@home volunteers. AstroPulse is funded in part by the NSF through grant AST-0307956. ...
Mumps News and Research. RSS Mumps is a viral disease characterized by fever, headache, muscle weakness, stiff neck, loss of ... Next-gen intranasal vaccine takes on measles, mumps, and multiple COVID-19 variants in one shot Researchers developed an ... When Deb Hornings youngest daughter was 5, she got her measles, mumps, and rubella shot like many other kindergartners. But ... Waning immunity hypothesis may explain mumps resurgence in the United States Researchers investigated the putative mechanism(s ...
What Are Measles, Mumps, and Rubella?. Measles, mumps, and rubella are viral diseases. All can be very serious. ... Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccine. Medically Reviewed by Amita Shroff, MD. on June 21, 2022 ... The mumps virus usually causes swelling in glands just below the ears, giving the appearance of chipmunk cheeks. Before the ... The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all children. It protects against three potentially serious ...
Fully vaccinated people can get mumps but are at much lower risk for mumps and mumps complications. ... As of 2018, mumps-containing vaccine is routinely used in 122 countries. Since the mid-2000s, large mumps outbreaks have been ... Despite these outbreaks, mumps incidence is still much higher in countries that do not have routine mumps vaccination. The risk ... Mumps is endemic throughout the world. On average ,500,000 mumps cases are reported to the World Health Organization annually; ...
... and what you can do to care for a child with the mumps. ... A child with mumps will become contagious beginning a day or ... Most often, mumps affects the parotid glands, which are located between the jaw and ear. In addition to swelling, the region ... These swollen salivary glands are the most characteristic sign of mumps, which is caused by a virus and usually spread through ... Its interesting to note that approximately one third of those infected with mumps do not show obvious swelling.) As a general ...
Difficulty with mumps diagnosis: what is the contribution of mumps mimickers?. J Clin Virol. 2009 Dec. 46 (4):381-3. [QxMD ... Impact of a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine on a mumps outbreak. Pediatrics. 2012 Dec. 130 (6):e1567-74. [QxMD ... Dayan GH, Rubin S. Mumps outbreaks in vaccinated populations: are available mumps vaccines effective enough to prevent ... encoded search term (Acute Mumps) and Acute Mumps What to Read Next on Medscape ...
... c mumps_lib make[3]: Entering directory /home/sigvald/Downloads/fenics/mumps-par/src/MUMPS_5.1.1/src make[3]: Nothing to be ... c mumps_lib make[1]: Entering directory /home/sigvald/Downloads/fenics/mumps-par/src/MUMPS_5.1.1 (cd libseq; make) make[2]: ... home/sigvald/Downloads/fenics/mumps-par/src/MUMPS_5.1.1/src make[2]: Leaving directory /home/sigvald/Downloads/fenics/mumps- ... par/src/MUMPS_5.1.1/src make[1]: Leaving directory /home/sigvald/Downloads/fenics/mumps-par/src/MUMPS_5.1.1 (cd examples ; ...
Galazka, A. M., Robertson, S. E. & Kraigher, A. (‎1999)‎. Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review.. Bulletin of the World ...
Complications of mump infections are more likely to be serious when adults are infected. Complications of mumps can include ... Mumps infection may present with primarily respiratory symptoms or may be asymptomatic. However, clinical features of mumps ... Measles-Mumps-Rubella MMR Vaccine Resource Center. Frequently Asked Questions about the current measles outbreak and MMR ... Mumps is an acute viral illness caused by an enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the genus Rubulavirus, in the family ...
Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee Mumps Prevention ... Mumps vaccine is available both in monovalent (mumps only) form and in combinations: mumps-rubella and measles-mumps-rubella ( ... MUMPS VIRUS VACCINE. VACCINE USAGE. MUMPS CONTROL. MUMPS DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND REPORTING OF ADVERSE EVENTS. RECOMMENDATIONS ... Official name: Mumps Virus Vaccine, Live.. References. *ACIP. Mumps vaccine. MMWR 1982;31:617-20,625.. *CDC. Mumps surveillance ...
Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccine, Live also known as M-M-R II. ... Package Insert - Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccine Live ... Statistical Review - Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccine Live. *December 11, 2020 Approval Letter - Measles, Mumps, and ... Proper Name: Measles, Mumps and Rubella Virus Vaccine Live. Tradename: M-M-R II. Manufacturer: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC. ... M-M-R II is a vaccine indicated for active immunization for the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella in individuals 12 ...
Mumps Immunizations Needed to Protect Adults and Children. NASHVILLE - Mumps, the illness many associate with childhood, can ... Some may not recall having mumps because one-third of mumps cases are extremely mild or without symptoms. ... The best protection against mumps is proper vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella, or MMR vaccine." ... For more information about mumps, visit www.cdc.gov/mumps/index.html. ...
Mumps vaccination from the age of one with MMR, as at present, prevents safe acquisition of lifelong protection as a juvenile, ... Even if it were, the entire mumps vaccination campaign has created a generation, most of whom will be susceptible to mumps as ... The occurrence of significant outbreaks of mumps in secondary schools, universities and colleges around Britain (after mumps ... Mumps vaccination from the age of one with MMR, as at present, prevents safe acquisition of lifelong protection as a juvenile, ...
Some people with mumps wont have gland swelling. They may feel like they have a bad cold or the flu instead. Mumps usually ... Mumps is a contagious viral infection that can cause painful swelling of the salivary glands, especially the parotid glands ( ... What is mumps?. Mumps is a contagious viral infection that can cause painful swelling of the salivary glands, especially the ... How is mumps treated?. In most cases, people recover from mumps with rest and care at home. In complicated cases, a hospital ...
LBXMUM - Mumps antibody (IgG). Variable Name: LBXMUM. SAS Label: Mumps antibody (IgG). English Text: Mumps antibody (IgG). ... Mumps antibody. The Wampole Mumps IgG ELISA test system is designed to detect IgG class antibodies to Mumps virus in human sera ... Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella (MMRV_F) Data File: MMRV_F.xpt First Published: December 2011. Last Revised: NA ... Susceptibility to measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) for the purpose of monitoring the susceptibility of the U.S. ...
Stories From Mumps How Did Researchers Get a Coronavirus Vaccine to Market in Just 332 Days? by Liberty Vittert December 23, ...
Mumps, Rubella and Varicella) Vaccine Information Statement (VIS): www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html ... MUMPS (M) causes fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite, and swollen and tender salivary glands under the ... MMRV vaccine can prevent measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella.. *MEASLES (M) causes fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery ... All content below is taken in its entirety from the CDC MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella) Vaccine Information ...
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The immunological basis for immunization series: module 16: mumps  Mclean, Huong Q; Hickman, C. J; Seward, Jane F; World ... The immunological basis for immunization series: module 16: mumps  World Health Organization (‎World Health Organization, 2020 ... Proposed requirements for mumps vaccine (‎live : (‎requirements for Biological Substances No. 38  ...
Projects in which Mumps [MM] is participating. Project. Click for user page. Total credit. Average credit. Since. ...
Officials at Indiana Universitys main campus say they now have 20 confirmed cases of mumps at the school as of February. Cases ...
Mumps is a viral illness which can be serious. Immunisation is the only way to prevent it. ... Who is at risk of getting mumps?. Your child is most at risk of catching mumps if they have never had mumps or they havent had ... How serious is mumps?. Most children recover from mumps. Unimmunised teenagers and adults who get mumps are more likely to have ... How do I prevent mumps spreading?. If your child has mumps, they need to stay at home to stop mumps spreading to others. ...
  • Before the routine vaccination program in the United States, mumps was a common illness in infants, children and young adults. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This trend is continuing, considering Judy Mikovits/the Chronic Fatigue communities vociferous support for anti-vaccination cranks: The increasing incidence of mumps orchitis: a comprehensive review-- There has been a recent increase in mumps orchitis among pubertal and postpubertal males. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Despite these outbreaks, mumps incidence is still much higher in countries that do not have routine mumps vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine is licensed for children aged 12 months through 12 years and can be used if vaccination for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella is indicated for this age group. (cdc.gov)
  • Successes and challenges for preventing measles, mumps and rubella by vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • Changes include: a discussion of the evolving epidemiologic characteristics of mumps, introduction of a cutoff of 1957 as the oldest birth cohort for which mumps vaccination is routinely recommended, and more aggressive outbreak-control measures. (cdc.gov)
  • The best protection against mumps is proper vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella, or MMR vaccine. (tn.gov)
  • Public health officials persist with an MMR vaccination programme that defies common sense ("Mumps outbreak at Glasgow University", The Herald, February 16). (heraldscotland.com)
  • Mumps vaccination from the age of one with MMR, as at present, prevents safe acquisition of lifelong protection as a juvenile, wearing off just at the age when protection is really needed. (heraldscotland.com)
  • Even if it were, the entire mumps vaccination campaign has created a generation, most of whom will be susceptible to mumps as adults. (heraldscotland.com)
  • It is claimed MMR vaccination prevents infectious diseases from circulating (achieving "herd immunity") and thereby protecting the vulnerable, but as we can see with mumps vaccine, this is not the case and in fact the current scheduling exacerbates any potential problem of mumps. (heraldscotland.com)
  • Nine people in Spokane County have been diagnosed with mumps, prompting the Spokane Regional Health District to offer a free vaccination clinic Jan. 11. (spokesman.com)
  • This is of course not a guarantee that they cannot contract it, as it is well known that the protection the mumps vaccination offers declines in some young adults. (iamexpat.nl)
  • Mumps is a contagious disease spread by a virus that can be easily prevented with vaccination. (wcpo.com)
  • Vaccination continues to be the priority to prevent mumps. (rn.com)
  • In order to properly interpret laboratory results and to assess the performance of mumps diagnostic assays, both clinical and epidemiologic information need to be considered along with the laboratory information (e.g., prior vaccination history, travel history, timing of sample collection relative to onset of symptoms). (canada.ca)
  • Mumps vaccine failure or vaccination scheme failure? (mja.com.au)
  • Anti-Mumps virus IgM appear 2-3 days after the occurrence of the first clinical symptoms (these remain 2-3 months), followed by the production of Mumps IgG antibodies which persist lifelong following vaccination with live virus there is a seroconversion in 90% of cases, however, the titre is somewhat lower than in normal infections. (rapidtest.com)
  • Despite vaccination programs, outbreaks of mumps continue to occur and are becoming more frequent. (bcmj.org)
  • For suspected acute mumps cases, health care providers should collect buccal swabs after expressed parotid massage and urine, especially for individuals who have received prior MMR vaccination where serological testing is less reliable. (bcmj.org)
  • In 2006, there was a resurgence of mumps in the United States with 6584 cases, which occurred primarily in young adults with prior vaccination. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Demonstration of specific mumps antibody response in absence of recent vaccination, either a four-fold increase in immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer as measured by quantitative assays, or a seroconversion from negative to positive using a standard serologic assay of paired acute and convalescent serum specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Prior to the start of the US mumps vaccination program in 1967, the country saw about 186,000 reported mumps cases each year. (contagionlive.com)
  • Vaccination is the centerpiece of current public health strategy against mumps," said co-author Joseph Lewnard, PhD. "Knowing that protection wanes in the long term can help inform how we deploy vaccines to prevent or contain future outbreaks. (contagionlive.com)
  • For information about how to prevent mumps from spreading, see Outbreak-Related Questions and Answers for Patients . (cdc.gov)
  • Frequent hand washing can help prevent mumps. (tn.gov)
  • Why is it important to prevent mumps? (healthwise.net)
  • How do I prevent mumps spreading? (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • The best way to prevent Mumps is to get the recommended 2 doses of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. (maricopa.gov)
  • A vaccine can prevent mumps. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • Immunisation is the best way to prevent mumps and potential serious complications. (vic.gov.au)
  • Shift within age-groups of mumps incidence, hospitalizations and severe complications in a highly vaccinated population. (medscape.com)
  • Nussinovitch M, Volovitz B, Varsano I. Complications of mumps requiring hospitalization in children. (medscape.com)
  • Fully vaccinated people can get mumps but are at much lower risk for mumps and mumps complications. (cdc.gov)
  • Among the reported mumps-associated complications, strong epidemiologic and laboratory evidence for an association with meningoencephalitis, deafness, and orchitis has been reported (2). (cdc.gov)
  • Complications of mump infections are more likely to be serious when adults are infected. (health.mil)
  • Complications of mumps can include meningitis (in up to 15% of cases), orchitis, and deafness. (health.mil)
  • Complications from mumps can include encephalitis, which is inflammation of the brain, and meningitis, which is inflammation of the tissue covering the brain and the spinal cord," said Dreyzehner. (tn.gov)
  • Unimmunised teenagers and adults who get mumps are more likely to have severe disease and complications. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • The complications of symptomatic mumps include clinically evident aseptic meningitis in 5-10 percent (almost always without sequelae), orchitis (usually unilateral) in up to one-third of post-pubertal males, and oophoritis and mastitis in 5-30 percent of post-pubertal females. (health.govt.nz)
  • Whilst some young adults may therefore not be fully protected against mumps, those who are vaccinated have more protection in terms of complications that the virus can cause. (iamexpat.nl)
  • A case of mumps without complications usually gets better within about two weeks. (vic.gov.au)
  • U.S.-acquired case: A U.S.-acquired case is defined as a case in which the patient had not been outside the United States during the 25 days before onset of parotitis or other mumps-associated complications or was known to have been exposed to mumps within the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Mumps is usually clinically defined as acute parotitis or other salivary gland swelling or oophoritis or orchitis, without other apparent cause. (cdc.gov)
  • Orchitis (usually unilateral) has been reported as a complication in 20%-30% of clinical mumps cases in postpubertal males (3). (cdc.gov)
  • Some testicular atrophy occurs in about 35% of cases of mumps orchitis, but sterility rarely occurs. (cdc.gov)
  • One consequence of this is that we are putting young male adults at risk of orchitis because they did not catch mumps when children. (heraldscotland.com)
  • One in four males who has reached puberty and not achieved immunity to mumps runs the risk of orchitis. (heraldscotland.com)
  • In about 35% of cases of mumps orchitis, some testicular atrophy occurs - this means one of the testicles shrivels up. (heraldscotland.com)
  • Ehrengut W, Schwartau M. Mumps orchitis and testicular tumours. (medscape.com)
  • Effectiveness of a Third Dose of MMR Vaccine for Mumps Outbreak Control. (medscape.com)
  • The Tennessee Department of Health is concerned about increases in mumps cases, including an ongoing outbreak in neighboring Arkansas which so far involves more than 2,400 suspected or confirmed cases of the illness. (tn.gov)
  • The current mumps outbreak started in mid-December with two cases and has since sickened seven more. (spokesman.com)
  • Mumps outbreak at a summer camp--New York, 2005. (medscape.com)
  • According to the Municipal Health Service (GGD) in Utrecht , there has been an outbreak of the infectious illness mumps at three student houses . (iamexpat.nl)
  • People lined up Wednesday to be vaccinated amid a mumps outbreak on the Temple University campus in Philadelphia. (kbia.org)
  • A mumps outbreak that began at Philadelphia's Temple University in February has snowballed, with the city's health department now reporting 106 cases associated with the flare-up. (kbia.org)
  • A third dose of MMR might be recommended for certain people in mumps outbreak situations. (cigna.com)
  • I got a letter from the doctors a few weeks ago telling me to come in and get my booster jab due to an outbreak of mumps in the 13-25 age group. (aberdeen-music.com)
  • The U.S is in the midst of the largest mumps outbreak in a. (knkx.org)
  • In a recent recommendation from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices published in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , the committee called for a third dose of the MMR vaccine for individuals who have been previously vaccinated with 2 doses and are at risk of acquiring mumps due to an outbreak. (contagionlive.com)
  • Lozo S, Ahmed A, Chapnick E, O'Keefe M, Minkoff H. Presumed cases of mumps in pregnancy: clinical and infection control implications. (medscape.com)
  • Saijo M, Fujita K. [Central nervous system infection caused by mumps virus]. (medscape.com)
  • Naturally acquired mumps infection, including the estimated 30% of infections that are subclinical, confers long-lasting immunity. (cdc.gov)
  • Further research is needed to determine whether mumps infection contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. (cdc.gov)
  • Mumps infection may present with primarily respiratory symptoms or may be asymptomatic. (health.mil)
  • Mumps is a contagious viral infection that can cause painful swelling of the salivary glands , especially the parotid glands (between the ear and the jaw). (healthwise.net)
  • Antibiotics are not helpful for mumps and your doctor won't give them to your child unless your child also develops a bacterial infection. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Mumps starts as an upper respiratory tract infection that disseminates via plasma viremia to glandular tissue, kidneys and central nervous system. (health.govt.nz)
  • Johnstone JA, Ross CA, Dunn M. Meningitis and encephalitis associated with mumps infection. (medscape.com)
  • In men and adolescent boys, mumps infection can also lead to painful swollen testicles. (kbia.org)
  • Seroconversion (i.e., negative to positive result) or a fourfold or greater rise in titre between the acute and convalescent sera is indicative of an acute mumps infection. (canada.ca)
  • Testing by RT-PCR and IgM-class antibody detection is not sufficiently sensitive to rule out mumps infection, particularly if the specimen was collected 4-5 days after symptom onset. (canada.ca)
  • Mumps is primarily an infection of children with 90% of infections occurring in children younger than 15 years. (rapidtest.com)
  • Due to the highly contagious nature of mumps, 80 - 90% of susceptible household members will acquire infection. (rapidtest.com)
  • only 23 (17%) cases had two documented doses of MMR vaccine, and 14 (10%) were born prior to 1970, an age group for which mumps immunity due to prior infection is generally assumed. (bcmj.org)
  • a negative result cannot rule out mumps infection. (bcmj.org)
  • Infection with mumps usually confers permanent immunity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mumps is a highly contagious viral infection, which is common in young children. (findatopdoc.com)
  • There is no treatment for mumps, but the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine can prevent it. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment for mumps. (cdc.gov)
  • What is the treatment for mumps? (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • No specific medical treatment for mumps exists. (vic.gov.au)
  • Use of combination measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). (medscape.com)
  • Susceptibility to measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) for the purpose of monitoring the susceptibility of the U.S. population to each of these highly contagious, infectious diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Instead of MMRV, some children might receive separate shots for MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) and varicella. (nih.gov)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and several health professional organizations state that vaccines given to a nursing mother do not affect the safety of breastfeeding for mothers or infants and that breastfeeding is not a contraindication to measles, mumps, rubella and varicella virus vaccine. (nih.gov)
  • A new combination vaccine for measles, mumps, rubella and varicella. (nih.gov)
  • An infected person can spread mumps from a few days before their salivary glands begin to swell to up to five days after the swelling begins. (cdc.gov)
  • mumps (epidemic parotitis), acute contagious viral disease, manifesting itself chiefly in pain and swelling of the salivary glands, especially those at the angle of the jaw. (infoplease.com)
  • Mumps is a viral disease characterized by fever, headache, muscle weakness, stiff neck, loss of appetite, swelling and tenderness of one or more of the salivary glands situated along the angle of the jaw and inside the mouth, including the parotid gland located within the cheeks just below the front of the ear. (news-medical.net)
  • Mumps is an acute systemic illness that classically presents with parotitis (acute onset of unilateral or bilateral tender, self-limited swelling of the parotid) or other salivary gland swelling, usually lasting 5 days. (cdc.gov)
  • These swollen salivary glands are the most characteristic sign of mumps, which is caused by a virus and usually spread through coughing. (healthychildren.org)
  • However, clinical features of mumps usually include unilateral or bilateral, parotitis, with single or multiple salivary glands affected. (health.mil)
  • Anyone who has mumps should stay out of school, day care, work, and public places until 5 days after the salivary glands first start to swell. (healthwise.net)
  • Classic mumps, an acute viral illness, is characterised by fever, headache, and swelling and tenderness of one or more parotid (salivary) glands. (health.govt.nz)
  • Patients with mumps usually experience flu-like symptoms to begin with, which is followed by inflammation of the salivary glands a few days later. (iamexpat.nl)
  • Mumps' symptoms can include pain and swelling of salivary glands in the jaw and cheek areas, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (kbia.org)
  • Mumps is caused by a paramyxovirus that affects one of the salivary glands. (rn.com)
  • Mumps is a generalized illness usually accompanied by parotid (salivary gland) swelling and mild symptoms. (rapidtest.com)
  • Mumps is a viral illness that causes painful swelling of the parotid glands, which are salivary glands between the ear and the jaw. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • The salivary glands are very sore during mumps. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • Mumps is a viral illness that causes fever and swollen salivary glands. (vic.gov.au)
  • Mumps is an acute, contagious, systemic viral disease, usually causing painful enlargement of the salivary glands, most commonly the parotids. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mumps may involve organs other than the salivary glands, particularly in postpubertal patients. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mumps, a contagious virus that can cause swelling in the salivary glands on one or both sides of the face , according to Mayo Clinic, has been going around the NHL for the past few weeks. (huffpost.com)
  • Mumps is a contagious viral disease that causes swollen salivary glands, leading to the telltale symptoms of puffy cheeks and swollen jaws. (contagionlive.com)
  • Sonmez FM, Odemis E, Ahmetoglu A, Ayvaz A. Brainstem encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following mumps. (medscape.com)
  • Reported rates of mumps encephalitis range as high as five cases per 1000 reported mumps cases. (cdc.gov)
  • Very rarely, mumps can cause encephalitis and permanent neurological damage. (health.mil)
  • The case fatality rate for mumps encephalitis is 1.4 percent, while the overall mumps case fatality rate is reported as 1.8 per 10,000 cases. (health.govt.nz)
  • People without symptoms can also spread mumps. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Coughing, sneezing and sharing things like cups can spread mumps. (wcpo.com)
  • An infected person can spread mumps to others by kissing, or by sharing food, drinks, eating utensils, cigarettes or any other items or surfaces that have been contaminated with an infected person's saliva. (maricopa.gov)
  • Routine immunization has reduced the incidence of mumps in the U.S. by 99%, presumably through production of herd immunity. (medscape.com)
  • Global status of mumps immunization and surveillance. (medscape.com)
  • Since the mid-2000s, large mumps outbreaks have been reported among populations with high 2-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage in countries with routine mumps immunization programs. (cdc.gov)
  • This revised Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) recommendation on mumps vaccine updates the 1982 recommendation (1). (cdc.gov)
  • M-M-R II is a vaccine indicated for active immunization for the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella in individuals 12 months of age and older. (fda.gov)
  • The MMR immunization protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, and should be administered to children 12-15 months old. (mo.gov)
  • Measles, mumps, and rubella--vaccine use and strategies for elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome and control of mumps: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). (medscape.com)
  • These data summarize country introduction status of Mumps vaccine in the national immunization programme. (who.int)
  • Mumps is an illness caused by the mumps virus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mumps is an acute viral illness caused by an enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the genus Rubulavirus , in the family Paramyxoviridae . (health.mil)
  • NASHVILLE - Mumps, the illness many associate with childhood, can infect people of all ages and has been on the rise as some neglect to immunize themselves or their children. (tn.gov)
  • Mumps is a viral illness acquired through close contact with an infected person. (tn.gov)
  • While few vaccines provide 100 percent protection against illness, two doses of the MMR vaccine are about 88 percent effective in preventing mumps," Jones said. (tn.gov)
  • The mumps vaccine protects against the illness. (healthwise.net)
  • Mumps is a viral illness which can be serious. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Because mumps is a viral illness, there is no specific treatment. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Measles, mumps, and rubella are infections that can lead to serious illness. (kidshealth.org)
  • Mumps is usually not a serious illness. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • While mumps isn't often serious, the illness causes symptoms that mimic those of serious infections like tonsillitis and glandular fever. (findatopdoc.com)
  • A case with clinically compatible illness or that meets the clinical case definition without laboratory testing, or a case with laboratory tests suggestive of mumps without clinical information. (cdc.gov)
  • Recognize the signs and symptoms of mumps. (cdc.gov)
  • Special Note: If you believe you have been exposed to the mumps or are showing symptoms of mumps, call ahead before going to your healthcare provider. (mo.gov)
  • Some people with mumps won't have gland swelling. (healthwise.net)
  • People with mumps can spread it several days before the swelling of the glands, to about 5 days after the glands start to swell. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Most people with mumps recover in 7-10 days. (maricopa.gov)
  • Peak incidence of mumps is during late winter and early spring. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The occurrence of significant outbreaks of mumps in secondary schools, universities and colleges around Britain (after mumps protection has worn off) indicates that instead of solving the problem of mumps we have only postponed it to age groups when it can do the most damage. (heraldscotland.com)
  • The U.S. has had recent outbreaks of mumps and measles. (kidshealth.org)
  • Testing for mumps-specific IgM-class antibody has suboptimal sensitivity for the diagnosis of acute mumps in a partially immunized population (may be detectable in only 30% of acute cases). (canada.ca)
  • You can catch mumps by being with another person who has it. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This affects one in every nine males who catch mumps after puberty compared with none who catch it before puberty. (heraldscotland.com)
  • The message seems to be it is better for a child to catch mumps naturally before puberty. (heraldscotland.com)
  • How do you catch mumps? (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • That way they can take steps to make sure you don't wait in a public area where other people might catch mumps from your child. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Laboratory confirmation of mumps involves detecting mumps virus by real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) or virus isolation by culture. (cdc.gov)
  • Updated recommendations for isolation of persons with mumps. (healthwise.net)
  • If your child has mumps, you will need to keep them away from other people (in isolation). (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • You should only see people who are immune to mumps when you are in isolation. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Guidance for isolation precautions for mumps in the United States: a review of the scientific basis for policy change. (medscape.com)
  • Mumps virus detection, isolation, and genotyping are available at the National Microbiology Laboratory. (canada.ca)
  • Most often, mumps affects the parotid glands, which are located between the jaw and ear. (healthychildren.org)
  • however, CT imaging showed unilateral, synchronous swelling and inflammation of the parotid and submandibular glands, and a PCR swab from the parotid duct was positive for mumps. (bmj.com)
  • Unilateral, synchronous swelling and severe inflammation of both the parotid and submandibular glands in mumps is a very unusual presentation, and not one previously reported in the literature. (bmj.com)
  • Non-Mumps Causes of Parotid. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other mumps-related symptoms include high body temperature, headaches , and joint pains that might develop a few days before the inflammation of the parotid glands takes place. (findatopdoc.com)
  • Mumps vaccine is among the most effective childhood vaccines. (medscape.com)
  • Mumps in the era of vaccines. (medscape.com)
  • 2012). Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children. (healthwise.net)
  • Free measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccines will be available for all ages Jan. 11 from 3-7 p.m. at the Salvation Army Community Center, 223 E. Nora Ave. The clinic is sponsored by Walgreens and the Salvation Army. (spokesman.com)
  • Although about half of the people who have come down with mumps were vaccinated, vaccines remain the best way to prevent the disease, the health district said. (spokesman.com)
  • Available at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/mumps.pdf . (medscape.com)
  • Mumps is uncommon in developed countries, including Australia, due to the widespread use of mumps vaccines. (vic.gov.au)
  • Mumps protection is available in combined vaccines that also contain protection against other serious and potentially fatal diseases. (vic.gov.au)
  • Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccines and thimerosal-containing vaccines (which are approximately 50 percent ethylmercury) have been suggested as possible causes. (thechildren.com)
  • Young adults who didn't receive MMR vaccines in their childhood are more prone to mumps. (findatopdoc.com)
  • 1 ] However, mumps virus has been isolated in saliva from seven days before to nine days after the onset of parotitis. (health.govt.nz)
  • The mumps are a vaccine preventable virus which is spread from person-to-person by respiratory droplets or direct contact with contaminated items. (mo.gov)
  • Your child is most at risk of catching mumps if they have never had mumps or they haven't had both doses of the vaccine that protects against mumps. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • People aged 12 to 29 years are at greatest risk of catching mumps. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • People are also at greater risk of catching mumps if they were born in Fiji, Tonga, Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Vanuatu, or in some mainland nations in Asia. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Anyone who hasn't been immunised is at high risk of catching mumps, particularly if they travel to countries where immunisation programs aren't widespread. (vic.gov.au)
  • Mumps is a paramyxovirus, genus Rubulavirus , with a single-stranded RNA genome. (health.govt.nz)
  • The mumps virus is a member of the paramyxovirus group and the etiological agent of mumps in man. (rapidtest.com)
  • The virus that causes mumps, a paramyxovirus, is spread by droplets or saliva. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Before departure from the United States, travelers aged ≥12 months who do not have acceptable evidence of mumps immunity (as documented by 2 doses of a mumps virus-containing vaccine, laboratory evidence of immunity, laboratory confirmation of disease, or birth before 1957) should be vaccinated with 2 doses of MMR vaccine ≥28 days apart, or 1 dose of MMR if they previously received 1 MMR dose. (cdc.gov)
  • We strongly encourage children more than one year of age and adults under 60 who do not know if they had mumps as a child and do not recall receiving mumps vaccine at some point in their lives to get the MMR vaccine," said TDH State Epidemiologist Tim Jones, MD. "Hundreds of millions of MMR vaccine doses have been provided and its safety record is excellent. (tn.gov)
  • Two doses of the MMR vaccine provide 88 percent protection from mumps. (spokesman.com)
  • After one dose, MMR is 64-66 percent effective against laboratory-confirmed mumps and 83-88 percent after two vaccine doses. (health.govt.nz)
  • Roughly 93 percent of both groups had received at least the recommended two doses of MMR, the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. (nih.gov)
  • Miller said anyone on campus should check whether they've had two doses of the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine, and she recommended those who do not get vaccinated. (wcpo.com)
  • Older children, adolescents, and adults also need 1 or 2 doses of MMR vaccine if they are not already immune to measles, mumps, and rubella. (cigna.com)
  • Once the two doses are provided, the vaccine offers a ninety-five percent protection against mumps. (findatopdoc.com)
  • With their findings, the authors write that individuals who have received 2 doses of the mumps vaccine during childhood may be able to extend the vaccine's protection with a third dose at 18 years of age. (contagionlive.com)
  • It occurs with an estimated frequency of 0.5-5.0 per 100,000 reported mumps cases. (cdc.gov)
  • Following the introduction of the live mumps virus vaccine in 1967 and recommendation of its routine use in 1977, the incidence rate of reported mumps cases decreased steadily in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • As in the prevaccine era, the majority of reported mumps cases still occur in school-aged children (5-14 years of age). (cdc.gov)
  • After the introduction of live attenuated mumps vaccine in 1967 and its incorporation into the mumps-measles-rubella vaccine a decade later, mumps became rare in the U.S. Iowa has averaged five cases annually since 1996. (medscape.com)
  • There is no recommendation for a third dose of MMR vaccine for travelers to countries experiencing mumps outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • MUMPS was also used in its earliest days in an experimental clinical progress note entry system and a radiology report entry system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clinical and laboratory studies of mumps. (medscape.com)
  • A study investigated the clinical skill of medical examiners to successfully diagnose mumps. (medscape.com)
  • [ 19 ] The study concluded that the clinicians' acumen for mumps diagnosis is poor, if based solely on clinical presentation. (medscape.com)
  • The clinical and laboratory diagnosis of mumps can be difficult. (canada.ca)
  • A comprehensive description of mumps diagnostics can be found in the Manual of Clinical Microbiology ( 7 ) . (canada.ca)
  • Before the vaccine , mumps was the most common cause of both meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord) and acquired deafness in the U.S. In men, mumps can infect the testicles, which can lead to infertility . (webmd.com)
  • Hashimoto H, Fujioka M, Kinumaki H. An office-based prospective study of deafness in mumps. (medscape.com)
  • Mumps laboratory testing can be performed by commercial labs, most state and local public health laboratories, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (cdc.gov)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends all adults born in 1957 or more recently who have not had mumps receive at least one dose of the measles-mumps-rubella, or MMR vaccine in their lifetimes. (tn.gov)
  • however, mumps is curable and preventable ( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2019 ). (rn.com)
  • A child with mumps will become contagious beginning a day or two before the swelling begins, and the contagious period will continue for about 5 days after the swelling has started. (healthychildren.org)
  • As a general guideline, keep your child with mumps away from school and child care for 9 days after the gland swelling has begun. (healthychildren.org)
  • Here are some home care steps to keep in mind for a child with mumps. (healthychildren.org)
  • How can I care for my child with mumps at home? (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Students will have to stay home from school in Spokane if they can't prove immunity to mumps. (knkx.org)
  • A person with mumps should limit their contact with others during this time. (cdc.gov)
  • A person with mumps can pass it on to someone else before they know they have mumps. (kidshealth.org.nz)
  • Serologic testing for the presence of IgM antibodies in serum also can aid in the diagnosis of mumps but is not confirmatory. (cdc.gov)
  • The full version of the laboratory guidelines for the diagnosis of mumps (revised in 2007) can be found in Appendix 4 . (canada.ca)
  • Having a high level of immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella is important not only for an individual's health, but also for preventing disease outbreaks in the larger community," said the study's first author, George K. Siberry, M.D., Medical Officer in the Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch of NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). (nih.gov)
  • Mumps is a contagious infectious disease that was common in Canadian school-age children before the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine was introduced starting in 1983. (bcmj.org)
  • The conjugate will react with Mumps antibody immobilized on the solid phase in step 1. (cdc.gov)
  • The Diagnostic Automation Mumps IgM ELISA kit is intended for the detection and quantitative determination of IgG antibody to Mumps virus in human sera. (rapidtest.com)
  • Diluted patient serum is added to wells, and the Mumps IgG specific antibody, if present, binds to the antigen. (rapidtest.com)
  • At least 30 percent of mumps infections in children are asymptomatic. (health.govt.nz)
  • Current methods for serodiagnosis of mumps infections are in-vitro serum neutralization, hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI), indirect immunofluorescence, and complement fixation (CF) tests. (rapidtest.com)
  • Once you have suffered mumps, your body normally develops a lifelong immunity to any further infections. (findatopdoc.com)
  • As of February 24, 2018, the CDC says that 32 states and the District of Columbia have reported a total of 304 mumps infections since the start of the year. (contagionlive.com)
  • In 2022, 322 cases were reported (see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's [CDC] Mumps Cases and Outbreaks ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The mumps virus isolated in an unspecified number of cases was genotype G, but only 16% of the 219 cases could be linked epidemiologically, indicating multiple subclinical source cases. (medscape.com)
  • Mumps Cases and Outbreaks. (medscape.com)
  • therefore, mumps cases should not be ruled out by negative laboratory results. (cdc.gov)
  • However, between 1985 and 1987, a relative resurgence of mumps occurred, with 7790 cases reported in 1986 and 12,848 cases in 1987 (4). (cdc.gov)
  • We are talking about this now because we are obviously worried about the significant rise in mumps cases in neighboring states and want everyone to be sure they are up to date on immunizations before it's too late," said TDH Commissioner John Dreyzehner, MD, MPH. (tn.gov)
  • Some may not recall having mumps because one-third of mumps cases are extremely mild or without symptoms. (tn.gov)
  • This year through March 16, a total of 277 cases of mumps had been reported across the country, according to CDC data . (kbia.org)
  • Two cases of mumps have been reported on University of Cincinnati's campus, a university official confirmed Tuesday. (wcpo.com)
  • Among residents of Sydney's eastern and southern suburbs, 100 cases of mumps were notified in the second half of 2007. (mja.com.au)
  • Since many cases are subclinical or unrecognized, many previously infected adults report no history of having mumps, yet the large majority of them, when tested, do have antibodies to mumps. (rapidtest.com)
  • Healthcare providers are reminded to report suspected cases of mumps. (maricopa.gov)
  • In the US there were 5748 mumps cases last year, which was the highest number reported in the last decade, and as of March 2017 a total of 1965 cases have been reported this year. (bcmj.org)
  • From 2008 to 2015, the number of BC mumps cases ranged from 8 to 132 per year. (bcmj.org)
  • In spring 2016, a cluster of mumps cases was identified in Fraser Health and spread to two other regions. (bcmj.org)
  • From January to March 2017, 39 confirmed mumps cases have been reported in a genotypically distinct new cluster. (bcmj.org)
  • Most cases of mumps today occur in children who were not vaccinated. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • Mumps is uncommon in Australia because of our immunisation programs, but cases still occur. (vic.gov.au)
  • As with measles, mumps cases may be imported then lead to community transmission. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Since August 2016, there have been nearly 3,000 cases of mumps diagnosed in Arkansas. (knkx.org)
  • Health officials in Washington state said there have been 151 cases of mumps have been reported statewide since the end of October. (knkx.org)
  • New strains of the mumps virus are not to blame for the recent resurgence of cases, say researchers in a new study, instead pinning the recent outbreaks on declining protective effects of the mumps vaccine over time. (contagionlive.com)
  • The number of annual cases of mumps in the United States has spiked in recent years, and a new study suggests that recent outbreaks may be due to waning vaccine-induced immunity. (contagionlive.com)
  • With the introduction of a mumps vaccine, today part of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, the number of cases has fallen to fewer than 1,000 cases in recent decades. (contagionlive.com)
  • However, in 2016, the United States saw 6,366 cases of mumps and more than 5,500 cases in 2017, marking the biggest outbreaks of the virus in a decade . (contagionlive.com)
  • The resurgence of mumps in young adults and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • Recent resurgence of mumps in the United States. (mja.com.au)
  • On the heels of that recommendation, a study by Harvard researchers that was recently published in the journal Science Translational Medicine found that waning vaccine protection may be causing the recent resurgence of mumps in the United States. (contagionlive.com)
  • The study comes amid questions on whether the resurgence has been due to new strains of the mumps virus evading the protection of the vaccine, or from a wearing off of vaccine-induced immunity. (contagionlive.com)
  • a person with one dose has a 78% reduction in risk for contracting mumps. (rn.com)
  • The increased occurrence of mumps in susceptible adolescents and young adults has been demonstrated in several recent outbreaks in high schools and on college campuses (5,6) and in occupational settings (7). (cdc.gov)
  • Adults who are susceptible to one or more of measles, mumps and rubella. (health.govt.nz)
  • We concur with Aratchige and colleagues that mumps in young adults is a "forgotten" disease, 1 and believe that mumps control in Australia has suffered from both the successes and failures of our measles elimination program. (mja.com.au)
  • 1-3] No clear evidence exists of live attenuated measles or mumps vaccine virus excretion into breastmilk. (nih.gov)
  • Transmission occurs by respiratory droplets or saliva from a person infected with mumps and usually requires close contact for spread. (cdc.gov)
  • Humans are the only natural hosts for mumps virus, which is usually spread by respiratory droplets, saliva, or contact with contaminated fomites. (health.mil)
  • Mumps is transmitted by airborne droplets or direct contact with infected respiratory tract secretions or urine. (health.govt.nz)
  • Mumps is most commonly spread when someone ingests (swallows) or inhales the cough or sneeze droplets from an infected person. (vic.gov.au)
  • The commonest way through which mumps is spread involves contact with infected saliva droplets that can either be inhaled or picked from contaminated surfaces and transferred into the nose or mouth. (findatopdoc.com)
  • Mumps occurs in the United States, and the MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine is the best way to prevent the disease. (cdc.gov)
  • The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia: "A Look at Each Vaccine: MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella) Vaccine. (webmd.com)
  • As of 2018, mumps-containing vaccine is routinely used in 122 countries. (cdc.gov)
  • Though the study found immunity for mumps lasts on average for 27 years, the study's co-author Joseph Lewnard , now an assistant professor of epidemiology at University of California, Berkeley, says not all college freshmen fare so well. (kbia.org)
  • This analysis helps address a persistent question surrounding the recent mumps outbreaks, pointing to the key role played by waning vaccine-induced immunity, and helps frame the research and policy questions on how best to control mumps," said the study's co-author, Yonatan Grad, MD, PhD, in a recent statement . (contagionlive.com)
  • Mumps is spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes near you or shares food or drinks. (healthwise.net)
  • It can be passed from one person to another when a person who has the mumps virus coughs or sneezes. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • In the first vaccine, the mumps component is combined with the measles and rubella (German measles) components and is commonly known as the MMR vaccine. (vic.gov.au)
  • Young children can be protected against mumps by ensuring that they are given the combined MMR (mumps, measles , and rubella) vaccinations. (findatopdoc.com)
  • Mumps spreads through saliva or mucus from the mouth, nose, or throat of an infected person. (maricopa.gov)
  • It's also important because mumps is a disease that spreads easily, and outbreaks can easily occur. (healthwise.net)
  • Mumps spreads easily through schools and colleges. (knkx.org)
  • MUMPS was developed by Neil Pappalardo, Robert Greenes, and Curt Marble in Dr. Octo Barnett's lab at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in Boston during 1966 and 1967. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a result of initial demonstration of capabilities, Dr. Barnett's proposal to NIH in 1967 for renewal of the hospital computer project grant took the bold step of proposing that the system be built in MUMPS going forward, rather than relying on the BBN approach. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 ] In 2016 and 2017 there have been reported mumps outbreaks in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and BC. (bcmj.org)
  • Finally, how many parents are told before their child is given the MMR that the mumps vaccine is clinically unnecessary? (heraldscotland.com)