AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Mucociliary ClearanceMucusCiliaTracheaCiliary Motility DisordersNasal MucosaAerosolsBronchiDiuretics, OsmoticTechnetium Tc 99m Sulfur ColloidRespiratory MucosaTechnetium Tc 99m Aggregated AlbuminSaccharinBromhexineKartagener SyndromeAdministration, InhalationSaline Solution, HypertonicTerbutalineLungAcid RainCystic FibrosisSulfuric AcidsMucous MembraneBronchiectasisPalateRhinitisSinusitisBronchospirometryAtropine DerivativesPowdersMotion Pictures as TopicRespiratory SystemNoseMannitolExpectorantsRespiratory Function TestsMetabolic Clearance RateCoughEpithelial CellsAsthmaForced Expiratory VolumeTechnetiumLung DiseasesCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance RegulatorMucinsDouble-Blind MethodEpitheliumChloridesTime FactorsSputumIon Transport
Mucociliary Clearance
A non-specific host defense mechanism that removes MUCUS and other material from the LUNGS by ciliary and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands. It is measured in vivo as mucus transfer, ciliary beat frequency, and clearance of radioactive tracers.
Mucus
The viscous secretion of mucous membranes. It contains mucin, white blood cells, water, inorganic salts, and exfoliated cells.
Cilia
Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Trachea
The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi.
Ciliary Motility Disorders
Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms.
Nasal Mucosa
The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.
Aerosols
Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.
Bronchi
The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.
Diuretics, Osmotic
Compounds that increase urine volume by increasing the amount of osmotically active solute in the urine. Osmotic diuretics also increase the osmolarity of plasma.
Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, liver, and spleen.
Respiratory Mucosa
The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree. The respiratory mucosa consists of various types of epithelial cells ranging from ciliated columnar to simple squamous, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.
Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in cardiovascular and cerebral circulation.
Saccharin
Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.
Bromhexine
A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744)
Kartagener Syndrome
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS. The syndrome is caused by mutations of DYNEIN genes encoding motility proteins which are components of sperm tails, and CILIA in the respiratory and the reproductive tracts.
Administration, Inhalation
The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.
Saline Solution, Hypertonic
Hypertonic sodium chloride solution. A solution having an osmotic pressure greater than that of physiologic salt solution (0.9 g NaCl in 100 ml purified water).
Terbutaline
A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.
Lung
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
Acid Rain
Acidic water usually pH 2.5 to 4.5, which poisons the ecosystem and adversely affects plants, fishes, and mammals. It is caused by industrial pollutants, mainly sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted into the atmosphere and returning to earth in the form of acidic rain water.
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.
Sulfuric Acids
Inorganic and organic derivatives of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The salts and esters of sulfuric acid are known as SULFATES and SULFURIC ACID ESTERS respectively.
Mucous Membrane
An EPITHELIUM with MUCUS-secreting cells, such as GOBLET CELLS. It forms the lining of many body cavities, such as the DIGESTIVE TRACT, the RESPIRATORY TRACT, and the reproductive tract. Mucosa, rich in blood and lymph vessels, comprises an inner epithelium, a middle layer (lamina propria) of loose CONNECTIVE TISSUE, and an outer layer (muscularis mucosae) of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS that separates the mucosa from submucosa.
Bronchiectasis
Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.
Palate
The structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It consists of the anterior hard palate (PALATE, HARD) and the posterior soft palate (PALATE, SOFT).
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Bronchospirometry
Spirometric technique in which the volume of air breathed in the right and left lung is recorded separately.
Atropine Derivatives
Analogs and derivatives of atropine.
Powders
Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Motion Pictures as Topic
The art, technique, or business of producing motion pictures for entertainment, propaganda, or instruction.
Respiratory System
The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about.
Nose
A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Mannitol
A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.
Expectorants
Agents that increase mucous excretion. Mucolytic agents, that is drugs that liquefy mucous secretions, are also included here.
Respiratory Function Tests
Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.
Cough
A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.
Epithelial Cells
Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).
Forced Expiratory Volume
Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.
Technetium
The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
A chloride channel that regulates secretion in many exocrine tissues. Abnormalities in the CFTR gene have been shown to cause cystic fibrosis. (Hum Genet 1994;93(4):364-8)
Mucins
High molecular weight mucoproteins that protect the surface of EPITHELIAL CELLS by providing a barrier to particulate matter and microorganisms. Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface.
Double-Blind Method
A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.
Epithelium
One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.
Chlorides
Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Sputum
Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.
Ion Transport
The movement of ions across energy-transducing cell membranes. Transport can be active, passive or facilitated. Ions may travel by themselves (uniport), or as a group of two or more ions in the same (symport) or opposite (antiport) directions.

Clearance in small ciliated airways in allergic asthmatics after bronchial allergen provocation. (1/291)

BACKGROUND: Asthma tends to affect mucociliary clearance, as assessed from measurements in large airways. However, there is no knowledge about clearance in the smallest airways of the tracheobronchial region in acute exacerbation of asthma. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate clearance from the bronchiolar region in patients with allergic asthma in a situation resembling a mild acute exacerbation of the disease. We also aimed to compare clearance data with corresponding data found for healthy subjects and asthmatics on therapy. METHODS: Tracheobronchial clearance was studied twice in 9 patients with mild asthma of the allergic type after inhalation of 6 microm (aerodynamic diameter) monodisperse Teflon particles labelled with 111In. At one exposure, inhalation was performed 4 h after bronchial provocation with an allergen the patients were allergic to. The second exposure was a control measurement. The particles were inhaled at an extremely slow flow, 0.05 liter/s, which gives deposition mainly in the small ciliated airways (bronchioles). Lung retention was measured at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. RESULTS: All patients demonstrated an early asthmatic reaction of varying degree after bronchial provocation. There was significant clearance of radioaerosol in each 24-hour period for both exposures, with the possible exception of the period between 24 and 48 h for the provocation exposure, with similar fractions of retained particles at all points of time. The retained fractions were significantly larger compared to a group of healthy subjects and asthmatics on regular treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that in allergic asthmatics a bronchial allergen provocation with an early asthmatic reaction does not significantly influence overall clearance from the bronchiolar region. However, in the present group of patients, retention in small ciliated airways was significantly higher compared to healthy subjects and asthmatics on regular treatment.  (+info)

The effects of ketolides on bioactive phospholipid-induced injury to human respiratory epithelium in vitro. (2/291)

The potential of the novel ketolide antimicrobial agents, HMR 3004 and HMR 3647, to antagonize the injurious effects of the bioactive phospholipids (PL), platelet-activating factor (PAF), lyso-PAF, and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on the ciliary beat frequency and structural integrity of human ciliated respiratory epithelium in vitro was investigated, in the presence or absence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL). The ciliary beat frequency of human nasal respiratory epithelium, obtained by nasal brushing of healthy volunteers, was measured using a photo-transistor technique, while superoxide generation by activated human PMNL and membrane-stabilizing activity were measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and haemolytic procedures, respectively. All three PL, at concentrations of 2.5 microg x mL(-1), caused significant (p<0.005) ciliary slowing and epithelial damage, while treatment of the epithelial strips with the ketolides, in particular HMR 3004, caused dose-related attenuation of these direct adverse effects of the PL on ciliated epithelium, apparently by a membrane-stabilizing mechanism. When epithelial strips were exposed to the combination of PMNL (1 x 10(6) cells x mL(-1)) and PAF (1 microg x mL(-1)), significant ciliary dysfunction and epithelial damage were also observed, which were mediated predominantly by neutrophil-derived oxidants. These injurious effects of PAF were antagonized by preincubation of the epithelial strips or the PMNL with HMR 3004 (10 microg x mL(-1)). The ketolide antimicrobial agents, in particular HMR 3004, antagonize the direct and polymorphonuclear leukocyte-mediated injurious effects of phospholipids on human ciliated epithelium and may have beneficial effects in inflammatory disorders of the airways, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, diffuse panbronchiolitis and bronchiectasis.  (+info)

Regulation of mucociliary clearance in health and disease. (3/291)

Airway secretions are cleared by mucociliary clearance (MCC), in addition to other mechanisms such as cough, peristalsis, two-phase gas-liquid flow and alveolar clearance. MCC comprises the cephalad movement of mucus caused by the cilia lining the conducting airways until it can be swallowed or expectorated. MCC is a very complex process in which many variables are involved, all of which may modify the final outcome. The structure, number, movement and co-ordination of the cilia present in the airways as well as the amount, composition and rheological properties of the periciliary and mucus layers are determinants of MCC. Physiological factors such as age, sex, posture, sleep and exercise are reported to influence MCC due to a change in the cilia, the mucus or the periciliary layer, or a combination of these. Environmental pollution is suspected to have a depressant effect on MCC dependent on different factors such as pollutant concentration and the duration of exposure. Most studies focus on sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. Tobacco smoke and hairspray have been noted to have a negative influence on MCC. Some diseases are known to affect MCC, mostly negatively. The underlying mechanism differs from one illness to another. Immotile cilia syndrome, asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis and some acute respiratory tract infections are among the most frequently reported. The present paper reviews normal mucociliary clearance and the effects of diseases on this process.  (+info)

Physiotherapy and bronchial mucus transport. (4/291)

Cough and expectoration of mucus are the best-known symptoms in patients with pulmonary disease. The most applied intervention for these symptoms is the use of chest physiotherapy to increase bronchial mucus transport and reduce retention of mucus in the airways. Chest physiotherapy interventions can be evaluated using different outcome variables, such as bronchial mucus transport measurement, measurement of the amount of expectorated mucus, pulmonary function, medication use, frequency of exacerbation and quality of life. Measurement of the transport rate of mucus in the airways using a radioactive tracer appears to be an appropriate outcome variable for short-term studies. Evaluation of chest physiotherapy only with pulmonary function tests appears to be inadequate in short-term studies. The popularity of using pulmonary function tests is probably based more on the availability of the instruments than on a theoretical basis related to the question of chest physiotherapy improving mucus transport. Quality of life and progression of the disease are not often used as outcome variables, but it may be worthwhile to use these in the future.  (+info)

Acute effects of inhalable particles on the frog palate mucociliary epithelium. (5/291)

This work was designed to evaluate the toxicity of inhalable particles [less than/equal to] 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)) collected from the urban air in Sao Paulo, Brazil, to the mucociliary apparatus using the frog palate preparation. Seven groups of frog palates were immersed in different concentrations of PM(10) diluted in Ringer's solution during 120 min: 0 (control, n = 31); 50 (n = 10); 100 (n = 9); 500 (n = 28); 1,000 (n = 10); 5,000 (n = 11); and 10,000 microg/m(3) (n = 10). Mucociliary transport and transepithelial potential difference were determined at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min exposure. Additional groups (control and 500 microg/m(3)) were studied by means of morphometric analyses (quantification of the amount of intraepithelial and surface mucins), measurement of cilia beat frequency, and quantification of total glutathione. Mucociliary transport and transepithelial potential difference were significantly decreased at higher concentrations of PM(10) (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively). Exposure to PM(10) also elicited a significant decrease of total glutathione (p = 0. 003) and depletion of neutral intraepithelial mucins (p = 0.0461). These results show that PM(10) can promote significant alterations in ciliated epithelium in vitro.  (+info)

Effect of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the respiratory mucosa in vitro. (6/291)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the corticosteroid, fluticasone propionate (FP), on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the respiratory mucosa of an organ culture model in vitro. Organ cultures infected with P. aeruginosa had significantly (p< or =0.05) elevated levels of mucosal damage and significantly (p< or =0.05) less ciliated cells compared to controls. Preincubation of tissue with FP (10(-6) or 10(-5) but not 10(-7) M) prior to P. aeruginosa infection significantly (p< or =0.05) reduced the bacterially induced mucosal damage in a concentration-dependent manner. FP (10(-5) M) also significantly (p< or =0.05) prevented loss of ciliated cells. FP did not alter the density of bacteria adherent to the different mucosal features of the organ cultures, but did reduce total bacterial numbers due to the reduced amount of damaged tissue, which is a preferred site of P. aeruginosa adherence. It has previously been shown that the long-acting beta2-agonist salmeterol (4 x 10(-7)M) also reduces the mucosal damage caused by P. aeruginosa infection, probably via elevation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations. Preincubation of tissue with both 10(-7)M FP and 10(-7)M salmeterol, concentrations at which they did not by themselves influence the effect of P. aeruginosa infection, significantly (p< or =0.05) reduced P. aeruginosa-induced loss of cilia. However, there was no additional benefit from adding 4 x 10(-7)M salmeterol to 10(-6)M FP. In conclusion fluticasone propionate reduced mucosal damage caused by P. aeruginosa infection in vitro and preserved ciliated cells. There was a synergistic action with salmeterol in the preservation of ciliated cells.  (+info)

Effects of drugs on mucus clearance. (7/291)

Mucociliary clearance (MCC), the process in which airway mucus together with substances trapped within are moved out of the lungs, is an important defence mechanism of the human body. Drugs may alter this process, such that it is necessary to know the effect of the drugs on MCC. Indeed, agents stimulating MCC may be used therapeutically in respiratory medicine, especially in patients suspected of having an impairment of their mucociliary transport system. In contrast, caution should be taken with drugs depressing MCC as an undesired side-effect, independently of their therapeutic indication. Since cough clearance (CC) serves as a back-up system when MCC fails, the influence of drugs must be examined not only on MCC but also on CC. Ultimately, the clinical repercussions of alterations in mucus transport induced by drug administration must be studied. Tertiary ammonium compounds (anticholinergics), aspirin, anaesthetic agents and benzodiazepines have been shown to be capable of depressing the mucociliary transport system. Cholinergics, methylxanthines, sodium cromoglycate, hypertonic saline, saline as well as water aerosol have been shown to increase MCC. Adrenergic antagonists, guaifenesin, S-carboxymethylcysteine, sodium 2-mercapto-ethane sulphonate and frusemide have been reported not to alter the mucociliary transport significantly. Amiloride, uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP), quaternary ammonium compounds (anticholinergics), adrenergic agonists, corticosteroids, recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), N-acetylcysteine, bromhexine and ambroxol have been reported either not to change or to augment MCC. Indirect data suggest that surfactant as well as antibiotics may improve the mucociliary transport system. As for the influence of drugs on CC, amiloride and rhDNase have been demonstrated to increase the effectiveness of cough. A trend towards an improved CC was noted after treatment with adrenergic agonists. The anticholinergic agent ipratropium bromide, which is a quaternary ammonium compound, has been suggested to decrease CC significantly. Bromhexine, ambroxol and neutral saline seemed not to alter CC, either positively or negatively. Finally, treatment with either amiloride, recombinant human deoxyribonuclease, bromhexine, ambroxol, N-acetylcysteine, S-carboxymethylcysteine or hypertonic saline has been suggested as a possible cause of clinical improvement in patients, such as the experience of dyspnoea, the case of expectoration or the frequency of infective exacerbations. Other agents did not show a clinical benefit.  (+info)

Factors affecting the course and severity of transnasally induced Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia in mice. (8/291)

In order to examine several factors that may affect the course and severity of transnasally induced Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia in mice, bacteria were prepared in a free suspension or bound to fetal mouse cells. Immunosuppression was induced in five strains of mice (ICR, C57BL/6, BALB/c, C3H/He and CBA/J) by injection of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg body weight), 2 days before infection. Impairment of mucociliary clearance was induced by intranasal instillation of formalin. Mice were then infected with various doses and strains of the organism. Although no significant differences were observed between either form of inoculum, pretreatment with formalin plus cyclophosphamide was associated with a significant increase in lung bacterial counts. In particular, cyclophosphamide treatment was associated with a high mortality in mice infected with several strains of S. aureus irrespective of their toxin production profiles. Histopathological examination demonstrated that in mice treated with formalin plus cyclophosphamide, clusters of bacteria were observed in lung parenchyma, associated with a mild accumulation of inflammatory cells at day 2 and extensive cell infiltration at day 7. CBA/J mice represented the most susceptible strain among those examined, with 10(4)- and 10(2)-fold higher bacterial counts in the lungs at days 3 and 5, respectively. These results indicate that neutropenia and impaired mucociliary clearance are major factors that influence the severity of S. aureus pneumonia in mice. Analysis of the role of genetic background in enhancement of vulnerability to infection is warranted in future studies.  (+info)

ISRCTN - ISRCTN27163398: The effect of post-operative nasal packing on mucociliary activityISRCTN - ISRCTN27163398: The effect of post-operative nasal packing on mucociliary activity
Patients will be randomised to receive either Merocel, Vasolene gauze or no packs. The effect on the mucociliary transport will be assessed by performing a saccharin clearance test pre-operatively, after removal of packs prior to discharge and at subsequent clinic follow-up. It is envisaged that the packs will significantly alter the mucociliary transport time, leading to increased post-operative morbidity. This will lead to an alteration in departmental policy and fewer patients will be packed as a result. Data analysis of the results to assess the mucociliary transport rates will be done. ...
http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN27163398
Sustained Effects of Hypertonic Saline on Mucociliary Clearance in Subjects With Chronic Bronchitis - Full Text View -...Sustained Effects of Hypertonic Saline on Mucociliary Clearance in Subjects With Chronic Bronchitis - Full Text View -...
The purpose of this research study is to examine the effects of two weeks of daily dosing of inhaled salt water mist (hypertonic saline - HS) on actual measurements of mucociliary and cough clearance in patients with the chronic bronchitis type of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD.. Defective mucociliary clearance (MCC) is central to the development and/or worsening of several kinds of lung diseases, including COPD/chronic bronchitis (CB), cystic fibrosis (CF), and bronchiectasis. In each case, defective MCC leads to the development of lung infections and damage to the airways from ongoing inflammation caused by a persons inability to clear mucus from the lungs.. The investigators previous studies have shown that the administration of inhaled HS (hypertonic saline) not only acutely accelerates MCC in CF, but also that repetitive use resets the baseline rate of MCC within 2 weeks. It is likely that the sustained effect of HS on MCC was responsible for the ~60% reduction in the ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01792271?term=bronchitis&rank=17
The Effectiveness of Roflumilast in Improving Mucociliary Clearance in Patients With COPD and Chronic Bronchitis - AdisInsightThe Effectiveness of Roflumilast in Improving Mucociliary Clearance in Patients With COPD and Chronic Bronchitis - AdisInsight
Specific Aim: To determine the effectiveness of Roflumilast in improving i) whole right lung and ii) peripheral right lung mucociliary clearance (MCC) in
https://adisinsight.springer.com/trials/700282577?error=cookies_not_supported&code=8488ba88-688e-4b6d-a78a-be5880ceb92a
Nasal mucociliary transport is slower when breathing dry airNasal mucociliary transport is slower when breathing dry air
Study showing how dry air effects our mucociliary clearance, which is our respiratory systems main defense against airborne infection.
https://www.condair.pk/scientific-studies/nasal-mucociliary-transport-healthy-subjects-slower-breathing-dry-air
The Effect of Ageing on Nasal Mucociliary Clearance in Women: A Pilot StudyThe Effect of Ageing on Nasal Mucociliary Clearance in Women: A Pilot Study
International Scholarly Research Notices is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journals Editorial Board as well as its Table of Contents are divided into 108 subject areas that are covered within the journals scope.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2013/598589/abs/
Mucociliary Clearance: Measures and TherapiesMucociliary Clearance: Measures and Therapies
Mucociliary Clearance can be measured clinically with the Saccharine Test in the sino-nasal system. When clearance is slow, treat mucus viscosity and slow ciliary beat fr..
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/mucociliary-clearance-measures-and-therapies-2161-119X-1000336-96903.html?view=mobile
Method for Measuring Mucociliary Clearance and ...Method for Measuring Mucociliary Clearance and ...
Ex vivo biophysical measurements provide valuable insights into understanding both physiological and pathogenic processes. One critical physiological mechanism that is regulated by these biophysical properties is cilia-generated flow that mediates mucociliary clearance, which is known to provide protection against foreign particles and pathogens in the upper airway. To measure ciliary clearance, several techniques have been implemented, including the use of radiolabeled particles and imaging with single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) methods. Although non-invasive, these tests require the use of specialized equipment, limiting widespread use. Here we describe a method of ex vivo imaging of cilia-generated flow, adapted from previously reported methods, to make it more accessible and higher throughput for researchers. We excise trachea from mice quickly after euthanasia, cut it longitudinally and place it in an inhouse made slide. We apply fluorescent particles to measure particle
https://bio-protocol.org/e3554
AZD5634 for Mucociliary Clearance - Cystic Fibrosis News TodayAZD5634 for Mucociliary Clearance - Cystic Fibrosis News Today
Read about AZD5634, an investigational therapy being developed by AstraZeneca for Mucociliary Clearance in Cystic Fibrosis patients.
https://cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com/azd5634-for-mucociliary-clearance/
Mucociliary function after lung transplantation - ePrints SotonMucociliary function after lung transplantation - ePrints Soton
Contact ePrints Soton: [email protected] ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2. This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.. ...
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/417000/
tPAD | Parion SciencestPAD | Parion Sciences
Respiratory Disease Overview. Breathing provides us with the oxygen we need to survive, but also exposes us to pathogens and other hazardous particles. To protect our bodies, the lungs possess an elegant system to remove harmful particles from the airways, known as mucociliary clearance. Mucociliary clearance consists of a sticky mucus layer, which traps inhaled particles, and the coordinated beating of cilia that propel the mucus toward the mouth, where it is either swallowed or coughed out.. For mucociliary clearance to work properly, the mucus must be sticky enough to efficiently trap particles, yet not too viscous to impair the vigorous beating of the cilia. Failure of any of these components leads to pulmonary mucus accumulation and an array of pulmonary diseases. In many environmental and genetic airway diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-CF bronchiectasis, and asthma are characterized by inadequately hydrated mucus and mucus over ...
http://parion.com/pipeline/tpad/
The expansion of autologous adipose-derived stem cells in vitro for the functional reconstruction of nasal mucosal tissue |...The expansion of autologous adipose-derived stem cells in vitro for the functional reconstruction of nasal mucosal tissue |...
I t is established that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) produce and secrete cytokines/growth factors that antagonize mucosal injury. However, the exact molecular basis underlying the treatment effects exerted by ADSCs is ill understood, and whether ADSCs cooperate with adipose tissue particles to improve mucosal function in patients with empty nose syndrome (ENS) has not been explored. We investigated the impact of ADSCs on nasal mucosa, the associated mechanisms, and their use in the treatment of patients with ENS. The nasal endoscope and mucociliary clearance assessments were significantly improved (P | 0.05) in patients with (n = 28) and without (n = 2) a rudimentary turbinate that received ADSCs combined with fat granules transplantation. Patients experienced a significant improvement in nasal obstruction and nasal mucociliary clearance after nasal turbinate angioplasty (P | 0.05). H&E staining, Massons staining, and AB-PAS staining confirmed that inflammation was significantly reduced,
https://cellandbioscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13578-015-0045-7/figures/2
Method for Quantitative Study of Airway Functional Microanatomy Using Micro-Optical Coherence TomographyMethod for Quantitative Study of Airway Functional Microanatomy Using Micro-Optical Coherence Tomography
We demonstrate the use of a high resolution form of optical coherence tomography, termed micro-OCT (μOCT), for investigating the functional microanatomy of airway epithelia. μOCT captures several key parameters governing the function of the airway surface (airway surface liquid depth, periciliary liquid depth, ciliary function including beat frequency, and mucociliary transport rate) from the same series of images and without exogenous particles or labels, enabling non-invasive study of dynamic phenomena. Additionally, the high resolution of μOCT reveals distinguishable phases of the ciliary stroke pattern and glandular extrusion. Images and functional measurements from primary human bronchial epithelial cell cultures and excised tissue are presented and compared with measurements using existing gold standard methods. Active secretion from mucus glands in tissue, a key parameter of epithelial function, was also observed and quantified.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054473
Effect on the ciliary function - InmunotekEffect on the ciliary function - Inmunotek
Over 90% of the particles contained in the air we breathe are retained in the mucosa which is continuously being renewed by the ciliary function.. Most of the high airway conditions, including sinus infections, allergies and environmental contamination, alter the mucociliary function either due to nasal cilia alterations or to changes in mucosa properties. If this function is affected, the movement of mucosa is slowed down and secretions are retained and contaminating elements become accumulated together with allergens and bacteria. All this causes nasal obstruction, inflammation and infection.. Nasal irrigation cleans the surface of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses, which assists the recovery of mucociliary clearing by eliminating both the substances that cause the dysfunction as well as the secretions that have a negative effect on the ciliary movement. ...
http://www.inmunotek.com/en/nasal-irrigation/effects-of-nasal-irrigation/effect-on-the-ciliary-function/
CILIARY FUNCTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF AIRWAY EPITHELIA - University of Miamis Research Profiles
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The long-term goal of this project is to improve our understanding of the cellular and molecular regulation mechanisms of mucociliary clearance, an important host defense mechanism of the lung. Ciliary activity is an integral part of mucociliary transport and changes in ciliary beat frequency (CBF) are often associated with similar changes in transport rates. Two widely recognized second messengers in cell signaling, cAMP and calcium ([Ca2+]i), regulate CBF. cAMP has been shown to increase CBF through a cAMP-dependent kinase- mediated event, possibly by phosphorylating a ciliary protein designated p26. Increasing [Ca2+]i also stimulates CBF, likely through a ciliary Ca2+-binding protein. Because both second messengers increase CBF, the question arises whether these signaling pathways regulate CBF through independent signal transduction cascades or whether the pathways converge at some level to affect a common target prior to dynein/microtubule interaction. ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/projects/ciliary-function-and-differentiation-of-airway-epithelia
JCI Insight - Mucus strands from submucosal glands initiate mucociliary transport of large particlesJCI Insight - Mucus strands from submucosal glands initiate mucociliary transport of large particles
Mucus produced by submucosal glands is a key component of respiratory mucociliary transport (MCT). When it emerges from submucosal gland ducts, mucus forms long strands on the airway surface. However, the function of those strands is uncertain. To test the hypothesis that mucus strands facilitate transport of large particles, we studied newborn pigs. In ex vivo experiments, interconnected mucus strands moved over the airway surface, attached to immobile spheres, and initiated their movement by pulling them. Stimulating submucosal gland secretion with methacholine increased the percentage of spheres that moved and shortened the delay until mucus strands began moving spheres. To disrupt mucus strands, we applied reducing agents tris-(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and dithiothreitol. They decreased the fraction of moving spheres and delayed initiation of movement for spheres that did move. We obtained similar in vivo results with CT-based tracking of microdisks in spontaneously breathing pigs. ...
https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/124863/sd/3
These cell lines were relatively resist - track atorvastatin20mg com
From this study it can be concluded that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of P. Additional attention will also be given to show whether cheap viagra targeted modulation of these regulators promote tissue regeneration and wound management. These results demonstrate that EGb buy viagra 761 protects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance after radiotherapy for childhood head cancer. Engaging Undergraduates in Science Research: Not Just About Faculty Willingness.. A Switchable Gold Catalyst by Encapsulation in a Self-Assembled Cage. Semistructured telephone best price 100mg generic viagra interviews conducted by primary author. Dignity in health-care: a critical exploration using feminism and theories of recognition.. Headache, neck pain, boots viagra and stroke as characteristic manifestations of the cerebral artery dissection. Androgen ablation augments prostate cancer vaccine immunogenicity only when applied after immunization. Researchers have made ...
http://track.atorvastatin20mg.com/these-cell-lines-were-relatively-resist/
AirPhysio Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure OPEP Device for Sports/Elite | AirPhysio Mucus Clearance Oscillating...AirPhysio Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure OPEP Device for Sports/Elite | AirPhysio Mucus Clearance Oscillating...
AirPhysio is an Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) device which is used for mucus clearance and lung expansion to help in the treatment of respiratory conditions like Asthma, Bronchiectasis, Chronic and Acute Bronchitis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Cystic Fibrosis, Emphysema, Chest colds and flus. The use of AirPhysio device helps to facilitate secretion mobilization, prevents atelectasis and maximize lung volume for cleaner healthier lungs. ...
https://www.airphysio.com/buy-now/airphysio-opep-device-for-sports-elite/
Studies of mucociliary clearance, cough and forced expiration in patients with lung disease - UCL...Studies of mucociliary clearance, cough and forced expiration in patients with lung disease - UCL...
UCL Discovery is UCLs open access repository, showcasing and providing access to UCL research outputs from all UCL disciplines.
https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10102498/
ASMscience | Infections Associated wi
Bacterial infection is the most common cause of excess morbidity and mortality in patients who require endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy. The normal lung is sterile distal to the central carina, despite the daily inoculation of bacteria. Aspiration of liquids is prevented by reflex closure of the glottis following stimulation of receptors in the larynx and trachea and by the vigorous coughing that such stimulation evokes. Impairment of mucociliary function and mucus hypersecretion leads to pooling of secretions in the airways of intubated patients. Bacteria presented to the lung in a liquid bolus, such as contaminated upper-airway secretions, are cleared more slowly than bacteria presented as aerosols. Colonization by gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and other cextends to multiple contiguous sites including the oropharynx, endotracheal tube, tracheobronchial secretions, and stomach. Tracheobronchitis can be diagnosed when secretions become purulent, usually associated with an increased volume,
https://www.asmscience.org/content/book/10.1128/9781555818067.chap15
IL-4 and IL-13 exposure during mucociliary differentiation of bronchial epithelial cells increases antimicrobial activity and...
IL-4 and IL-13 exposure during mucociliary differentiation of bronchial epithelial cells increases antimicrobial activity and expression of antimicrobial peptides. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
http://libros.duhnnae.com/2017/aug/150158704618-IL-4-and-IL-13-exposure-during-mucociliary-differentiation-of-bronchial-epithelial-cells-increases-antimicrobial-activity-and-expression-of-antimicrob.php
Patent US5817028 - Method and device for the provocation of air passage narrowing and/or the ... - Google PatentsPatent US5817028 - Method and device for the provocation of air passage narrowing and/or the ... - Google Patents
A method as described for testing the susceptibility of a person to asthma. The person inhales an effective amount of sodium chloride, mannitol or another substance capable of altering the osmolarity of airway surface liquid in the subject. The substance is in the form of a dispersible dry powder containing an effective proportion of particles of a respirable size. The subject is then measured to detect airway narrowing which is indicative of a propensity for asthma. The same technique of dry powder inhalation can be used to test for the susceptibility of a person to rhinitus, to induce sputum and promote mucociliary clearance.
http://www.google.com/patents/US5817028?dq=5,889,522
CECs - Centro de Estudios CientíficosCECs - Centro de Estudios Científicos
Mammalian airways create a barrier that protects the organism from possible external aggression. Particularly, this tissue has developed a defense mechanism, which secretes mucus that catches inhaled particles such as, microorganisms (with or without pathogen potential), aside from irritating or toxic molecules derived from human activity (combustion or industrial processes) or those liberated by nature (pollen, etc.), which can affect the functions of the respiratory system or trigger an infection. On second instance the mucus is transported to the oral cavity via the activity of ciliate cells that coat the airways, both processes together account for mucociliary clearance, a key mechanism for healthy lung maintenance.. A key requirement for the airways cleansing system to work correctly, is an adequate level of hydration on the airways surface, which allows the functioning of mucus layers and its transportation to the oral cavity. A dramatic example of hydration deficiency of the airways is ...
http://www.cecs.cl/website/index.php/en/menu-noticias/1143-no-tan-especifico-como-se-suponia
Meet the Scientists - B-SoCCS 2017
Mechanisms regulating lineage decisions in the airway. The functions performed by epithelial tissues are dictated by the types, abundance, and distribution of differentiated cells generated by stem/progenitor cells. In the conducting airway, the basal stem cell generates two major differentiated cell types that act coordinately to perform mucociliary clearance to rid the airway of pathogens: secretory cells, which produce mucins that trap pathogens, and multiciliated cells, which beat to push the mucus up and out of the airways. An imbalance in the abundance of these two differentiated cell types, leading to goblet cell metaplasia and increased mucus production, is seen in a variety of airway diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF). In this presentation I will discuss our work investigating the regulation of cell fate decisions in the airway. ...
https://www.bsoccs2017.org/how-to-network-for-success-in-science
Difference between revisions of Orthomyxoviridae - microbewiki
Influenza virus is transmitted from person to person primarily in droplets released by sneezing and coughing. Some of the inhaled virus lands in the lower respiratory tract, and the primary site of the disease is the tracheobronchial tree, although the nasopharynx is also involved. The neuraminidase of the viral envelope may act on the N-acetylneuraminic acid residues in mucus to produce liquefaction. This liquified mucus may help spread the virus through the respiratory tract in concert with the mucociliary transport. The superficial mucosa suffers cellular destrcution and desquamation because of the infection of the mucosal cells. Nonproductive cough, sore throat and nasal discharge are some sysmptoms that result from the endema and mononuclear cell infiltration of the involved areas. The cough may be persistent but the most prominent symptoms of influenza are systemic-- fever, muscle aches and general prostration. These systemic symptoms are not caused directly by the virus because viremia is ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Orthomyxoviridae&diff=prev&oldid=5269
Plus itPlus it
Our results support the hypothesis that increasing the FIO2 in CO2-retaining COPD subjects on NIV does not cause any clinically important change in CO2 retention.. A COPD exacerbation is defined as worsening dyspnea, cough, and/or sputum production.13 Expiratory air-flow obstruction is worsened, the work of breathing increases, and mucus production or mucociliary clearance, or both, are altered. Spirometry shows worsened expiratory air-flow obstruction, and arterial blood gas analysis usually shows an additional decrease in PaO2, which leads to pulmonary arterial vasoconstriction and pulmonary hypertension.14. Supplemental oxygen is the most useful treatment in COPD-induced hypercapnic ARF, and oxygen is administered to all hypoxemic COPD patients during exacerbation. Oxygen decreases anaerobic metabolism and lactic acid production; improves brain function; decrease arrhythmias, ischemia, and pulmonary hypertension; improves right-heart function; decreases the release of antidiuretic hormone; ...
http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/59/3/383
Awards 2017 | European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS)Awards 2017 | European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS)
Best Oral Presentation Michelle Paulsen, University of Heidelberg, Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Heidelberg, Germany P63: Altered Airway Macrophage Phenotype and Function in Mice with Mucociliary Clearance Dysfunction
https://www.ecfs.eu/portugal2017/awards-2017
Molecular Signature of Asthma-Enhanced Sensitivity to CuO Nanoparticle Aerosols from 3D Cell Model<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular Signature of Asthma-Enhanced Sensitivity to CuO Nanoparticle Aerosols from 3D Cell Model. AU - Kooter, Ingeborg. AU - Ilves, Marit. AU - Grollers-Mulderij, Mariska. AU - Duistermaat, Evert. AU - Tromp, Peter C.. AU - Kuper, Frieke. AU - Kinaret, Pia. AU - Savolainen, Kai. AU - Greco, Dario. AU - Karisola, Piia. AU - Ndika, Joseph. AU - Alenius, Harri. PY - 2019/6. Y1 - 2019/6. KW - copper(II) oxide. KW - nanoparticles. KW - asthma. KW - 3d human bronchial epithelial cells. KW - air-liquid interface and transcriptomics. KW - AIR-LIQUID INTERFACE. KW - THYMIC STROMAL LYMPHOPOIETIN. KW - OXIDE NANOPARTICLES. KW - EPITHELIAL-CELLS. KW - MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE. KW - OXIDATIVE STRESS. KW - GENE-EXPRESSION. KW - QUANTUM DOTS. KW - ZINC-OXIDE. KW - DEPOSITION. KW - 1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology. U2 - 10.1021/acsnano.9b01823. DO - 10.1021/acsnano.9b01823. M3 - Article. VL - 13. SP - 6932. EP - 6946. JO - ACS Nano. JF - ACS Nano. SN - 1936-0851. IS - 6. ER - ...
https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/fi/publications/molecular-signature-of-asthma-enhanced-sensitivity-to-cuo-nanopar
Session 2A: Inhalation toxicity - drivers of toxicity - Nanotechnology, Occupational and Environmental Health 2017Session 2A: Inhalation toxicity - drivers of toxicity - Nanotechnology, Occupational and Environmental Health 2017
Inhaled nanoparticles are known to deposit particularly effective in the alveolar periphery of the lungs where they escape a fast removal by mucociliary clearance. Scavenged by alveolar macrophages or residing on the fragile respiratory surface nanoparticles have been shown cause irritations to interacting cells and cause innate immune responses depending on their material specific toxicity. Within the various potential toxicological outcomes the inflammatory response is often considered crucial for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary health effects. In this session we would like to focus on processes and pathways recently discussed to represent relevant drivers for the toxicity of inhaled nanoparticles.. ...
http://nanoeh2017.dk/scientific-program/session-overview/session-2a-inhalation-toxicity-drivers-of-toxicity/
Research Collaborations | CISMMResearch Collaborations | CISMM
Thrombosis Cluster. Our collaborators form the heart of our Resource: they present the driving problems that steer our technology development. We appreciate expert force scientists that contribute directly to our technology and point out new opportunities. We delight in naïve users because they present opportunities for broadening the impact of our work in new fields, and because their demands are often more extraordinary and therefore challenge us in entirely new ways.. The research work of our collaborators is biomedically important, as many of the projects bear directly on disease. This is most obvious in the collaboration projects on Lung Surfactant Rheology for neonatal respiratory distress, the Mechanics of Cancer Cells, Virtual Lung Project and Mucociliary Clearance (Cystic Fibrosis), and Clot Properties and Deep Vein Thrombosis, with the last two having a translational component for patient studies. Basic science linking molecular scale details to macroscopic consequences are pursued in ...
http://cismm.web.unc.edu/research-collaborations/
Host Defense Against Viruses | Microbiology | MBBS | sqadia.comHost Defense Against Viruses | Microbiology | MBBS | sqadia.com
MD lecture on specific VS non-specific defense, α, β and γ Interferons, NK cells, phagocytosis, α defencin, APOBEC3G, mucociliary clearance, active and passive immunity.
https://www.sqadia.com/programs/host-defense-against-viruses
Assessing mucociliary transport of single particles in vivo shows variable speed and preference for the ventral trachea in...Assessing mucociliary transport of single particles in vivo shows variable speed and preference for the ventral trachea in...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Assessing mucociliary transport of single particles in vivo shows variable speed and preference for the ventral trachea in newborn pigs. AU - Hoegger, Mark J.. AU - Awadalla, Maged. AU - Namati, Eman. AU - Itani, Omar A.. AU - Fischer, Anthony J.. AU - Tucker, Alexander J.. AU - Adam, Ryan J.. AU - McLennan, Geoffrey. AU - Hoffman, Eric A.. AU - Stoltz, David A.. AU - Welsh, Michael J.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2014/2/11. Y1 - 2014/2/11. N2 - Mucociliary transport (MCT) is an innate defense mechanism that removes particulates, noxious material, and microorganisms from the lung. Several airway diseases exhibit abnormal MCT, including asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis. However, it remains uncertain whether MCT abnormalities contribute to the genesis of disease or whether they are secondary manifestations that may fuel disease progression. Limitations of current MCT assays and of current animal models of human disease ...
https://profiles.wustl.edu/en/publications/assessing-mucociliary-transport-of-single-particles-in-vivo-shows
Airway Clearance | Essentials of Mechanical Ventilation, 3e | AccessAnesthesiology | McGraw-Hill MedicalAirway Clearance | Essentials of Mechanical Ventilation, 3e | AccessAnesthesiology | McGraw-Hill Medical
Airway clearance is impaired in intubated patients due to decreased mucociliary activity and inability to cough effectively. Mucociliary activity is impaired due to the presence of the artificial airway, airway trauma due to suctioning, inadequate humidification, high Fio2, drugs (eg, narcotics), and underlying pulmonary disease. Cough effectiveness is impaired due to the presence of the artificial airway and depressed neurologic status. Methods commonly used to improve secretion clearance in intubated patients include suctioning, postural drainage therapy with or without percussion and/or vibration, positioning, and bronchoscopy. ...
http://accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1679§ionid=110082239
Pathophysiology - BronchiectasisPathophysiology - Bronchiectasis
Fig 1. Vicious circle of bronchiectasis. The first stage in the development of bronchiectasis is an initial infective insult to the airways, which triggers a mucociliary response. Micro-organisms trigger the release of toxins and an inflammatory response within the airways. This inflammatory response includes the release of neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages within the bronchial lumen. Neutrophils also alter the function of the cilial epithelium, leading to changes in cilial beat frequency and mucous gland hypersecretion. Both processes compromise mucociliary clearance.. This loss of mucociliary transport renders the airways susceptible to microbial colonization. Neutrophils are also believed promote this process by allowing bacterial adherence to the lung epithelium. In response to this colonisation, a cycle of an intense chronic inflammatory response is triggered. This encourages further release of inflammatory mediators, which facilitate neutrophil migration to the bronchial lumen and ...
https://bronchiectasis.com.au/bronchiectasis/bronchiectasis/pathophysiology
HIV Infects Bronchial Epithelium and Suppresses Components of the Muco by S. Chinnapaiyan, T. Parira et al.HIV Infects Bronchial Epithelium and Suppresses Components of the Muco by S. Chinnapaiyan, T. Parira et al.
Recurrent lung infections and pneumonia are emerging as significant comorbidities in the HIV-infected population in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HIV infection has been reported to suppress nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC). Since the primary components driving nasal MCC and bronchial MCC are identical, it is possible that bronchial MCC is affected as well. Effective MCC requires optimal ciliary beating which depends on the maintenance of the airway surface liquid (ASL), a function of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity and the integrity of the signaling mechanism that regulates ciliary beating and fluid secretion. Impairment of either component of the MCC apparatus can compromise its efficacy and promote microbial colonization. We demonstrate that primary bronchial epithelium expresses HIV receptor CD4 and co-receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 and can be infected by both R5 and X4 tropic strains of HIV. We show that HIV Tat suppresses CFTR biogenesis and
https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/all_faculty/181/
On the mechanics of mucociliary flows. II. A fluorescent tracer method for obtaining flow velocity profiles in mucus -...On the mechanics of mucociliary flows. II. A fluorescent tracer method for obtaining flow velocity profiles in mucus -...
The transport of particles by cilia lining vapor-filled tubes such as the trachea, bronchi, and upper bronchioles requires that the particles be carried by mucus [Sade et al, 1970], and the force that causes mucus flow is generated by the beat of the underlying cilia. The means by which the ciliary beat force is transmitted to the mucus is not clear. Lucas and Douglas [1934] proposed that cilia penetrate the mucus enough to push it forward in a conveyor-belt fashion. This view is consistent with recent EM studies [Yoneda, 1976; Reissig, Bang, and Bang, 1978] that suggest the serous layer is thinner than the length of a cilium (5-6 µm). In contrast, Ross and Corrsin [1974] developed a theoretical model for mucociliary transport based on the assumption that mucus persists as a blanket carried by the serous fluid, which is in turn propelled by the cilia. If one accepts current simplified models which take into account the viscoelastic properties of mucus, the Lucas and Douglas model is the more ...
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/101583/
Prechallenge Antibodies Moderate Disease Expression in Adults Experimentally Exposed to Rhinovirus Strain Hanks : Clinical...
This double-blind study determined the influence of serum neutralizing antibody titers on the rate of infection and magnitude of disease expression after experimental exposure of adult volunteers to rhinovirus strain Hanks (RV-H). A total of 133 healthy volunteers were tested for antibody status, cloistered for a 6-day period, and challenged with RV-H at the end of the first cloister day. On these days, response to viral challenge is assessed with symptom diaries and physical examinations. The low-titer infected group was significantly different from the intermediate-titer infected and the uninfected groups in terms of postchallenge nasal and throat symptoms, expelled secretion weights, nasal mucociliary clearance rates, and frequency of negative middle ear pressures. A similar trend held for the infected high-titer vs. low-titer group comparisons. These data show that high homotypic serum neutralizing antibody titers are associated with protection from infection and lessened signs and symptoms ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1086/514634
GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCE (GRC) and associated GORDON RESEARCH SEMINAR (GRS) on Cilia, Mucus, and Mucociliary Interactions-...GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCE (GRC) and associated GORDON RESEARCH SEMINAR (GRS) on Cilia, Mucus, and Mucociliary Interactions-...
GRC: February 17-22, 2019, Barga, Italy. Dear all,. We would like to invite you to attend the Gordon Research Conference (GRC) and the Gordon Research Seminar (GRS) on Cilia, Mucus, and Mucociliary Interactions.. In 2019, the GRC will be held in conjunction with the Cilia, Mucus & Mucociliary Interactions Gordon Research Seminar (GRS). This is only the second ever GRS preceding the GRC and it will provide a unique and engaging forum for graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and trainees from around the world to present their novel research, learn from the work of others, and to establish new relationships and collaborations.. The GRS will run from Saturday 16th to Sunday 17th February 2019 at the Renaissance Tuscany Il Ciocco, Lucca (Barga), Italy.. The GRC will run from Sunday 17th to Friday 22nd February 2019 at the Renaissance Tuscany Il Ciocco, Lucca (Barga), Italy.. Those interested in attending both meetings must submit an application for the GRS in addition to an application for ...
https://www.chlamycollection.org/gordon-research-conference-grc-and-associated-gordon-research-seminar-grs-on-cilia-mucus-and-mucociliary-interactions-save-the-date/
Mucus | Rubinstein LabMucus | Rubinstein Lab
Mucus clearance is the primary defense mechanism that protects airways from inhaled infectious and toxic agents. In the classical gel-on-liquid mucus clearance model, a mucus gel is propelled on top of a watery periciliary layer surrounding the cilia. However, this model fails to explain the formation of a distinct mucus layer in health or why mucus clearance fails in disease. We propose and verified a gel-on-brush model in which the periciliary layer is occupied by membrane-spanning mucins and mucopolysaccharides densely tethered to the airway surface. This brush prevents mucus penetration into the periciliary space and causes mucus to form a distinct layer. The relative osmotic moduli of the mucus and periciliary brush layers explain both the stability of mucus clearance in health and its failure in airway disease. We demonstrated a strong correlation between the extent of the chronic bronchitis disease and the state of hydration of the airway surface layer - mucus concentration and the ...
https://rubinsteinlab.pratt.duke.edu/research/mucus
JCI Insight - Defective postsecretory maturation of MUC5B mucin in cystic fibrosis airwaysJCI Insight - Defective postsecretory maturation of MUC5B mucin in cystic fibrosis airways
The transportability of the mucus layer on airway surfaces by the cilia is essential for maintaining normal lung health. This mucociliary clearance function of the airway epithelia is compromised in some diseases, notably CF, in which the mucus accumulates in and obstructs the airways, resulting in microbiological colonization. The pathogenic mechanism of this mucus obstruction is incompletely understood. The results of the present study provide evidence that an abnormal fluid environment on the airway surfaces corrupts the normal unfolding process of the MUC5B mucin glycoprotein, leading to the secretion of a dense, compact form of MUC5B that likely impairs its clearance by cilia.. The biophysical properties of the airway mucus layer are strongly influenced by qualitative and quantitative changes in mucins, the dominant macromolecules in airway mucus. Our group has previously shown that mucus secretions from CF lungs contain hyperconcentrated mucins that alter the osmotic pressure dynamics ...
https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/89752
Stephen T. Ballard Ph.D. - University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile & Gulf Coast, Alabama (AL)Stephen T. Ballard Ph.D. - University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile & Gulf Coast, Alabama (AL)
Control of the volume of surface liquid which covers the pulmonary epithelium is critical for normal mucociliary clearance and for efficient gas exchange. The role that active transepithelial ion transport plays as a driving force for liquid movement across the pulmonary airways is currently under study. We measure the bioelectric properties of isolated bronchi and bronchioles as correlates of active ion transport activity. We then use selective transport inhibitors and stimulators to determine which transport pathways are present and how these processes are regulated. In persons afflicted with cystic fibrosis (CF), a molecular defect in an epithelial chloride channel is present that leads to a myriad of pathological problems, the most critical of which involves secretion of thickened, dehydrated mucus into the airways. A major focus of our research is to determine how such defects in chloride ion transport are mechanistically related to the development of the symptoms observed in cystic ...
http://www.usahealthsystem.com/stephen-t-ballard-phd
Condition of the MonthCondition of the Month
Bronchiectasis is characterized by mild to moderate airflow obstruction that worsens over time. The condition often begins in childhood; however, symptoms may not occur until months or even years after the repeated lung infections begin. It is proposed that an insult typically from the environment impairs mucociliary clearance of mucus and foreign substance resulting in microbial colonization in the airway. Microbial colonization leads to chronic infections causing inflammation. Chronic inflammation results in tissue damage to the cilia and further impair mucociliary motility. This process leads to a vicious cycle of repetitive infections with progressive inflammation and tissue damage. A variation in microbial flora within the lungs appears to change with the severity of the condition. The most common pathogenic bacteria discovered in bronchiectasis patients is haemophilus influenzae, a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, and in patients at a more severe stage, pseudomonas aeruginosa which is ...
https://weilab.com/weilab_condition_month.php?condition_id=20190401
Using Serious Games to Motivate Children with Cystic Fibrosis to Engage with Mucus Clearance Physiotherapy - Sheffield Hallam...Using Serious Games to Motivate Children with Cystic Fibrosis to Engage with Mucus Clearance Physiotherapy - Sheffield Hallam...
Positive expiratory pressure (PEP) therapy is an effective method for removing mucus build-up in the lungs of sufferers of chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the compliance by young children and adolescents to undertake such physiotherapy can lead to confrontation and stressful situations within families, and can impact on the health of the individual. We have developed game software which is controlled through breathing into a PEP mask or mouthpiece using an air pressure sensor to interface with the PC. By combining games with mucus clearing devices, it could provide a powerful means of encouraging children, teenagers and adults to engage more frequently, and effectively, with vital mucus clearance physiotherapy. This paper presents promising initial results and describes further usability testing plans.. ...
http://shura.shu.ac.uk/5248/
Mucus Clearance and Removal Archives | AirPhysioMucus Clearance and Removal Archives | AirPhysio
AirPhysio is an Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) device which is used for mucus clearance and lung expansion to help in the treatment of respiratory conditions like Asthma, Bronchiectasis, Chronic and Acute Bronchitis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Cystic Fibrosis, Emphysema, Chest colds and flus. The use of AirPhysio device helps to facilitate secretion mobilization, prevents atelectasis and maximize lung volume for cleaner healthier lungs. ...
https://www.airphysio.com/category/respiratory/mucus-clearance-and-removal/
KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF MACROMOLECULAR DISPOSITION IN THE RAT LUNG by Masahiro SakagamiKINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF MACROMOLECULAR DISPOSITION IN THE RAT LUNG by Masahiro Sakagami
The kinetics and mechanisms of macromclecular absorption from the airways of the rat lung were studied in vivo and in vitro, following identical solute administration methods. The isolated perfused rat lung (IPRL) was used as an in vitro model, and the disposition of 7.4 and 4.3 kDa fluorophore-labeled polyhydroxyethylaspartamide (F-PHEA) and other small and macromolecular reference solutes was investigated across doses and in the presence of a variety of biochemical inhibitors. Absorption profiles of F-PHEA, and the solutes lung distribution at different times after administration, were statistically identical in vivo and in vitro, showing that the IPRL possessed a viable mucociliary escalator and that macromolecular solute absorption rates from the IPRL were predictive of those in vivo. A kinetic model of the IPRL incorporating mucociliary clearance alongside active and passive absorption was developed and validated. This model was employed successfully to analyze each solutes absorption components
https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4950/
Publication of Research Demonstrating the Impact of ARINA-1 on Mucus Transport in Cystic FibrosisPublication of Research Demonstrating the Impact of ARINA-1 on Mucus Transport in Cystic Fibrosis
CHAPEL HILL, N.C., July 9, 2020 -- Renovion, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company on a mission to transform the lives of patients with chronic lung diseases characterized by mucus and inflammation, announced publication of results from research conducted at The University of Alabama Birmingham. The research was funded in
https://www.renovion.com/post/publication-of-research-demonstrating-the-impact-of-arina-1-on-mucus-transport-in-cystic-fibrosis
Mutagenetix > Incidental...Mutagenetix > Incidental...
PHENOTYPE: Homozygous inactivation of this gene causes background-dependent lethality and hydroencephaly, male sterility associated with defects in spermiogenesis, and impaired mucociliary clearance. Airway epithelial cilia show structural defects and a decrease in ciliary beat frequency and cilia-driven flow. [provided by MGI curators ...
https://mutagenetix.utsouthwestern.edu/incidental/incidental_rec.cfm?mid=8048
Pathogenesis of PCD Lung Disease - Michael KnowlesPathogenesis of PCD Lung Disease - Michael Knowles
A key component of lung defense is the efficiency of mucociliary clearance (MCC). Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a human genetic disorder with defective MC...
http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R01-HL071798-08
Infant Study of Inhaled Saline in Cystic Fibrosis - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govInfant Study of Inhaled Saline in Cystic Fibrosis - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
A growing body of evidence supports the importance of intervention in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) lung disease during infancy and early childhood, in order to potentially delay or prevent irreversible lung disease. Yet, aside from antimicrobial therapies, the CF community has no clinical trial evidence base with which to guide pulmonary therapies in children ,6 years of age. Hypertonic Saline (HS) is the most attractive chronic maintenance therapy to investigate in these young children because it addresses defective mucociliary clearance, an early step in the cascade of events leading to CF lung disease that is expected to be abnormal prior to the onset of airway infection and inflammation.. This study is a randomized, parallel group, controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of 7% HS inhaled twice daily for 48 weeks among young children with CF 4 to , 60 months of age at enrollment. The primary hypothesis is that, compared to isotonic saline (IS), HS will decrease the number of ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00709280
Verona Pharma plc | Verona Pharma Completes Enrollment in Pilot Study of pMDI Ensifentrine in U.S. Patients Hospitalized with...Verona Pharma plc | Verona Pharma Completes Enrollment in Pilot Study of pMDI Ensifentrine in U.S. Patients Hospitalized with...
About Ensifentrine Ensifentrine (RPL554) is an investigational, first-in-class, inhaled, dual inhibitor of the enzymes phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 (PDE3 and PDE4). This dual inhibition enables it to combine both bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects in one compound. Ensifentrine also activates the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR), which is beneficial in reducing mucous viscosity and improving mucociliary clearance. Ensifentrines mechanism of action has the potential to alleviate respiratory symptoms such as breathlessness and cough and work against inflammation associated with COPD or inflammation triggered by viruses.. Ensifentrine has demonstrated significant and clinically meaningful improvements in both lung function and symptoms, including breathlessness, in Verona Pharmas Phase 2 clinical studies in patients with moderate to severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). In addition, nebulized ensifentrine showed further improved lung function ...
https://investegate.co.uk/ArticlePrint.aspx?id=20210114070000H5802
Mucus Clearance Devices Market Trends Size Share Analysis Forecast 2027 - TMRMucus Clearance Devices Market Trends Size Share Analysis Forecast 2027 - TMR
Mucus clearance devices market is expected to register robust growth in the near future, rising innovation, the increasing funding for new devices, and rising chronic respiratory illnesses are expected to drive the global Market
https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/mucus-clearance-devices-market.html
Mucus Clearance Device<...
Effective Non -Invasive Mucus Clearance Device Omega Healthcare Offers Online Healthcare Products, Medical Supplies Also Surgical And Medical Instruments. Omega Healthcare, Authorised Distributors For The Leading Manufactures Including Omron, Littmann And Welch Allyn Medical Products and Supplies.
https://www.omegahealthcare.co.uk/respiratory-devices/mucus-clearance-device-c-10093_10383.html
Marsico Lung InstituteMarsico Lung Institute
Introduction. The Cystic Fibrosis and Pulmonary Diseases Research and Treatment Center (CF Center) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill traditionally has had a single goal: to cure CF lung disease. To this end, we assembled a broad-based biomedical research team to tackle this goal. Thus, we have wide-ranging skills in ion transport physiology (Ussing chamber, patch clamp, confocal surface liquid imaging), mucus cell/mucin secretion biology and biochemistry, transgenic and gene-targeted mouse models, in vivo measures of mucociliary clearance and measures of mucin concentration/hydration, and Phase I clinical trials. In addition, we have added expertise focused on specific CF microbiologic problems of the lung, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, anaerobic bacteria, and now Burkholderia cepacia. These efforts are complemented by a major effort to identify genetic modifiers of all facets of CF airways pathogenesis. Thus, the airways pathobiology/therapeutics efforts have produced ...
https://www.med.unc.edu/marsicolunginstitute/
CMP - Current Graduate StudentsCMP - Current Graduate Students
Undergraduate Institution: Wellesley College. Research Project Information. Many pulmonary diseases are characterized by loss of cilia along the respiratory epithelium, which hinders mucociliary clearance and leaves lungs vulnerable to infection. Based on data from previous studies and work in our own lab we hypothesize that autophagy plays a role in pulmonary deciliation. The major goals of my research are to develop an in vitro model of bronchial epithelium deciliation and then elucidate the molecular mechanisms that underlie the process of cilia loss. ...
http://path.upmc.edu/cmp/Students/LamH.htm
Plus itPlus it
Mucociliary clearance (MC) is a key defense mechanism in airways. Smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit modifications in MC, which predisposes these populations to recurrent infections. It is known that ex-smokers with normal lung function may present MC reversing after smoking cessation, but there are no studies that evaluate COPD ex-smokers MC. Aim: To evaluate and to compare the MC and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) in smokers and COPD ex-smokers. Methods: We evaluated 83 subjects, divided in four groups: severe COPD (n=22), moderate COPD (n=19), current smokers (n=20) and nonsmokers (n=22). Severe and moderate COPD patients were ex-smokers (FEV1% = 38[34-43] and 60[53-63], 48[11-100] and 50[40-75] pack/years, respectively). Current smokers presented normal lung function and 40[22-44] pack/years. Nonsmokers were matched for age and sex. Were evaluated eCO levels and MC by saccharin transit time (STT) test. Tests were conducted between 8 and 9 AM with ...
http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/40/Suppl_56/P1056
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20021779 - A biomathematical model of particle clearance and retention in the lungs of coal...NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20021779 - A biomathematical model of particle clearance and retention in the lungs of coal...
To understand better the factors influencing the relationships among airborne particle exposure, lung burden, and fibrotic lung disease, we developed a biologically based kinetic model to predict the long-term retention of particles in the lungs of coal miners. This model includes alveolar, interstitial, and hilar lymph node compartments. The 131 miners in this study had worked in the Beckley, Wes
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20021779.html
Epithelium - WikipediaEpithelium - Wikipedia
Columnar epithelial cells are elongated and column-shaped and have a height of at least four times their width. Their nuclei are elongated and are usually located near the base of the cells. Columnar epithelium forms the lining of the stomach and intestines. The cells here may possess microvilli for maximising the surface area for absorption and these microvilli may form a brush border. Other cells may be ciliated to move mucus in the function of mucociliary clearance. Other ciliated cells are found in the fallopian tubes, the uterus and central canal of the spinal cord. Some columnar cells are specialized for sensory reception such as in the nose, ears and the taste buds. Hair cells in the inner ears have stereocilia which are similar to microvilli. Goblet cells are modified columnar cells and are found between the columnar epithelial cells of the duodenum. They secrete mucus, which acts as a lubricant. Single-layered non-ciliated columnar epithelium tends to indicate an absorptive function. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelial_cell
Pneumocystis jiroveciiin Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Review - Université de Rennes 1Pneumocystis jiroveciiin Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Review - Université de Rennes 1
Pneumocystispneumonia (PCP) remains the most frequent AIDS-defining illness in developed countries. This infection also occurs in non-AIDS immunosuppressed patients, e.g., those who have undergone an organ transplantation. Moreover, mildPneumocystis jiroveciiinfections related to low pulmonary fungal burden, frequently designated as pulmonary colonization, occurs in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases, e.g., cystic fibrosis (CF). Indeed, this autosomal recessive disorder alters mucociliary clearance leading to bacterial and fungal colonization of the airways. This mini-review compiles and discusses available information onP. jiroveciiand CF. It highlights significant differences in the prevalence ofP. jiroveciipulmonary colonization in European and Brazilian CF patients. It also describes the microbiota associated withP. jiroveciiin CF patients colonized byP. jirovecii. Furthermore, we have describedP. jiroveciigenomic diversity in colonized CF patients. In addition of pulmonary colonization, it
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02996054
On Demand May 16, 2013 | Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH)On Demand May 16, 2013 | Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH)
Program faculty will outline various symptoms related to impaired mucociliary clearance and immunologic dysfunction that may lead to a diagnosis affecting pediatric respiratory health. Faculty will also discuss the process and diagnostic rationale in evaluating a chronic cough in the pediatric patient and respiratory health maintenance strategies related to treating and preventing the advancement of bronchiectasis and lung injury.. For more information, view the conference flyer.. ...
http://www.alabamapublichealth.gov/alphtn/ondemand/2013/05-16.html
Paul Kippax | Pharmaceutical TechnologyPaul Kippax | Pharmaceutical Technology
Nasal drug delivery depends on many factors, including the conditions of use by the patient, the drug formulation, and the spray pump and aerosol characteristics. In recent years, the types of drug administered via the nasal route have expanded from locally acting drugs, such as those for allergic rhinitis, to delicate molecules for systemic activity, such as vaccines, proteins and peptides, which can be difficult to administer noninvasively. While the nasal cavity provides a delivery pathway for these large molecules, the rate of mucociliary clearance in the nasal cavity may hinder the extent of absorption. Therefore, formulators must develop mechanisms that improve absorption for high molecular weight compounds ...
http://www.pharmtech.com/paul-kippax-0
Local Drugstore: Can i take viagra with levothyroxine work since 1996!
Lesions of the breast, pancreas, and prostate lymphomas and leukemias associated with sickle cell levothyroxine viagra take i can with anemia is a cause of his pulmonary status. Allergic reactions have been found in as many as of school-aged children more than the current use of therapeutic response should be aware of community acquired viral infections. Nacl will not create such a drug reaction, and decubitus posi-tions at the level of spinal shock. In addition, obesity is the accumulation of blood with first generation of thrombin and other medications. These inherent depolarizations cause action potentials, which in turn begins to interfere with mucociliary clearance the saccharin test, or first-void urine demonstrating more than g/kg per hour approximately l/h. Ig must be distinguished from hypothyroidism because their airways are used most commonly caused by neuroblastoma of the tricuspid valve in ebstein malformation is not treated appropriately. Local growth of abnormal aggregation. Or ...
https://projectathena.org/grandmedicine/can-i-take-viagra-with-levothyroxine/11/
Can you mix omeprazole and tumsCan you mix omeprazole and tums
The leukotriene can i smoke while taking erythromycin antagonists, the next treatment to combine a recombinant fragment of medical treatment. Plasma concentrations occurring 1-3 hours of mucociliary clearance and toxic and b12 Pharmacokinetic interactions. More recently an intermittent bolus administration what foods can i not eat while taking warfarin and dNA previously which it to tetra- hydrometabolites that very safe. which is stronger lortab 5 or lortab 10 They are taken at least one month before phototherapy, that she is effective 1%. Examples of as-needed medication, such as a dessertspoonful daily. Immunosuppressive agents or cocaine in the intestine, allows for 14-21 days in advanced breast milk to inactive. Less insulin dose reduced to cover the combination analgesics Spontaneous Any drug The most tissues. Oral activated charcoal is 10mM and acts as the malignant disease and can you mix omeprazole and tums serotonin -receptor antagonists. After activation by inhaled preparation for at ...
http://www.musicaenlamochila.net/2018/07/08/can-you-mix-omeprazole-and-tums
How & Why Halotherapy WorksHow & Why Halotherapy Works
The primary acting factor in Halotherapy is the inhalation of Dry Salt Aerosol. A generator, which by means of mechanical actions, crushes pharmaceutical grade salt into micron-sized particles. This creates a dry salt aerosol between the size of 1 to 10 micrometers (smaller than particles contained in cigarette smoke). Particles bigger than 10 micrometers are caught in the nose and the throat, whereas, particles the size of 1 micrometer can penetrate deep into the lungs and even into the blood stream. These small particles of salt are negatively ionized and bear a very high kinetic energy. This way, it is guaranteed that it gets into the deepest and smallest parts of the lung. Negative ionization of salt increases the efficiency of healing.Dry Salt Aerosol cleanses human airways, like a toothbrush cleans teeth. It alleviates bronchial inflammation, removes pathogen agents (airborne pollen) and speeds up mucociliary transport ...
http://halotherapyassociation.ca/how-and-why-halotherapy-works/
Physiology of airway mucus clearancePhysiology of airway mucus clearance
Respiratory tract secretions consist of mucus, surfactant, and periciliary fluid. The airway surface fluid is present as a bilayer, with a superficial gel or mucous layer and a layer of periciliary fluid interposed between the mucous layer and the epithelium. A thin layer of surfactant separates the …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12088546/?dopt=Abstract
结核病 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书结核病 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
肺結核不會經由無生命的東西傳染，必須要直接或間接吸入飛沫才會得病[48]。當患有開放性肺結核的患者咳嗽、打噴嚏、說話、唱歌或吐痰，患者會釋放出具有傳染性、直徑0.5至5.0µm(微米)的懸浮粒子，並與空氣形成氣溶膠。每個噴嚏可釋放出高達40,000顆懸浮粒子[49]。由於肺結核的感染劑量非常低(吸入少於十個細菌即有可能造成感染)，每一顆懸浮粒子都可能造成傳染[50]。. 結核菌必須包在飛沫（aerosol droplet）中才能達到感染的效果，當一個傳染性肺結核病患在吐痰、咳嗽或打噴嚏時，含有結核菌的痰有機會變成細小的飛沫飄浮到空氣中，飛沫的中心是結核菌，周圍是痰，當痰逐漸蒸發，飛沫直徑小到 5μm 以下時便可能直接進入正常人的肺泡，躲過宿主原有的呼吸道纖毛防衛機制（mucociliary ...
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%A0%B8
M88A1E1 Hercules Recovery VehicleM88A1E1 Hercules Recovery Vehicle
Features: System improvements consist of an upgraded power pack (engine and transmission), higher winch and hoist capacities, increased tow/breaking performance, and increased armor protection. The Hercules includes additional weight (approximately 70 tons), an upgraded suspension, power-assisted brakes, and an improved hydraulic system. The Hercules will possess an auxiliary power unit to operate no-load recovery components and impact tools without running the engine. Additionally, the Hercules will be transportable worldwide by highway, rail, marine, and air in accordance with the Military Traffic Management Command Transportation Engineering Agency (MTMCTEA) transportability engineering analysis ...
http://biggerhammer.net/factfile.nsf/ffiles/ac34753ebaf07d1c8525627b0072870f.html
32 oz Wide Mouth Bottle w/ Straw Lid | Hydro Flask32 oz Wide Mouth Bottle w/ Straw Lid | Hydro Flask
A superstar among ordinary water bottles. Its size and transportability make it a staple among outdoor enthusiasts. Its technology makes it a Hydro Flask. Keep your water ice cold from the trailhead all the way to the mountaintop. Easy sip Straw Lid.
https://www.hydroflask.com/32-oz-wide-mouth-w-straw-lid?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIlrXWypmC6wIVHCCtBh0udAfeEAQYAiABEgIyC_D_BwE
Clearance rate: научные публикации и статьи по тематике. Поиск научных статей Scholar.ruClearance rate: научные публикации и статьи по тематике. Поиск научных статей Scholar.ru
Поиск диссертаций, авторефератов, научных статей и публикаций в русскоязычных источниках и периодике. Clearance rate
http://www.scholar.ru/tag.php?tag_id=6594
Clearance Items <span>(1027) ...Clearance Items <span>(1027) ...
Clearance Items list and information including what is Clearance Items, health benefits and usage indications. Find articles and product list for other top low-carb products, fat-burners, nutrition bars and shakes.
https://www.allstarhealth.com/lj_c_b/clearance_items/bodystrong.htm
Mucociliary clearanceMucociliary clearance
... (MCC), mucociliary transport, or the mucociliary escalator, describes the self-clearing mechanism of the ... The other clearance mechanism is provided by the cough reflex. Mucociliary clearance has a major role in pulmonary hygiene. MCC ... Airway clearance therapy Antunes, MB; Cohen, NA (February 2007). "Mucociliary clearance--a critical upper airway host defense ... High humidity enhances mucociliary clearance. One study in dogs found that mucus transport was lower at an absolute humidity of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucociliary_clearance
Geminin coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1Geminin coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1
Ximena M. Bustamante-Marin; Lawrence E. Ostrowski (2017). "Cilia and Mucociliary Clearance". Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 9 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geminin_coiled-coil_domain-containing_protein_1
Route of administrationRoute of administration
"Cilia and Mucociliary Clearance". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 9 (4): a028241. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a028241. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration
Ipratropium bromideIpratropium bromide
Inhaled ipratropium does not decrease mucociliary clearance. The inhalation itself can cause headache and irritation of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipratropium_bromide
Respiratory epitheliumRespiratory epithelium
It acts as a physical barrier to pathogens, as well as their removal in the mechanism of mucociliary clearance. The ciliated ... and determines how well mucociliary clearance works. The basal cells are small, nearly cuboidal that differentiate into the ... activating mucociliary clearance by releasing acetylcholine. The respiratory epithelium functions to moisten and protect the ... preventing infection and tissue injury by the secretion of mucus and the action of mucociliary clearance. The respiratory ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_epithelium
TracheaTrachea
This self-clearing mechanism is termed mucociliary clearance. The trachea is surrounded by 16 to 20 rings of hyaline cartilage ... Antunes MB, Cohen NA (February 2007). "Mucociliary clearance--a critical upper airway host defense mechanism and methods of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachea
SteproninStepronin
Olivieri D, Bernareggi V, Quitadamo M (1985). "[Effect of lysine stepronin salts on mucociliary clearance]". Archivio Monaldi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepronin
Plastic bronchitisPlastic bronchitis
Gross, D; Zidulka, A; O'Brien, C; Wright, D; Fraser, R; Rosenthal, L; King, M (1985). "Peripheral mucociliary clearance with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bronchitis
Purinergic signallingPurinergic signalling
ATP and adenosine are crucial regulators of mucociliary clearance. The secretion of mucin involves P2RY2 receptors found on the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purinergic_signalling
BronchiectasisBronchiectasis
The initial lung injury in bronchiectasis leads to an impaired mucociliary clearance of the lung airways, which leads to mucous ... Lung disease results from clogging of the airways due to mucus build-up, decreased mucociliary clearance, and resulting ... The distorted, damaged lung airways thus have impaired mucociliary clearance; leading to mucous stasis and bacterial ... which leads to impaired mucociliary clearance, obstruction, or a defect in host defense. This triggers a host immune response ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchiectasis
Heated humidified high-flow therapyHeated humidified high-flow therapy
"Domiciliary humidification improves lung mucociliary clearance in patients with bronchiectasis". Chronic Respiratory Disease. 5 ... Heated humidification of the respiratory gas facilitates secretion clearance and decreases the development of bronchial hyper- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heated_humidified_high-flow_therapy
Sodium hyaluronateSodium hyaluronate
215 kD there was poor lung penetration and mucociliary clearance. Hyaluronate could allow access to lymph nodes draining the ... "Hyaluronic Acid Molecular Weight Determines Lung Clearance and Biodistribution after Instillation". Molecular Pharmaceutics. 13 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hyaluronate
Nasal cannulaNasal cannula
... and with the added benefit of improving mucociliary clearance. High flows of an air/oxygen blend can be administered via a ... "Domiciliary humidification improves lung mucociliary clearance in patients with bronchiectasis". Chron Respir Dis. 5 (2): 81-6 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_cannula
DenufosolDenufosol
Defects lead to a viscous, dehydrated mucus, hindering mucociliary clearance. Denufosol is an agonist at the P2Y2 subtype of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denufosol
Histology of the vocal cordsHistology of the vocal cords
The mucociliary clearance keeps the vocal folds essentially moist and lubricated. The epidermis layer is secured to the deeper ... The inner-lining surface of this squamous epithelium is covered by a layer of mucus (acting as a mucociliary clearance), which ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histology_of_the_vocal_cords
Primary ciliary dyskinesiaPrimary ciliary dyskinesia
Normally, cilia beat 7 to 22 times per second, and any impairment can result in poor mucociliary clearance, with subsequent ... GeneReview/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Genetic disorders of mucociliary clearance consortium This article ... "Lack of GAS2L2 Causes PCD by Impairing Cilia Orientation and Mucociliary Clearance". The American Journal of Human Genetics. ... The main consequence of impaired ciliary function is reduced or absent mucus clearance from the lungs, and susceptibility to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia
HumidityHumidity
Mucociliary clearance in the respiratory tract is also hindered by low humidity. One study in dogs found that mucus transport ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humidity
LungLung
This mucociliary clearance is an important defence system against air-borne infection. The dust particles and bacteria in the ... However, chronic exposure has the effect of desensitising the ciliary response which reduces mucociliary clearance (MCC). MCC ... in a process called mucociliary clearance. Pulmonary stretch receptors in the smooth muscle of the airways initiate a reflex ... the composition of which is tightly regulated and determines how well mucociliary clearance works. Pulmonary neuroendocrine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung
Mucous membraneMucous membrane
Alkaline mucus Mucin Mucociliary clearance Mucocutaneous boundary Mucosal immunology Rete pegs "Mucous membrane". Encyclopædia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucous_membrane
Obstructive lung diseaseObstructive lung disease
... do they enhance mucociliary clearance?" (PDF). Respir Care. 52 (9): 1159-73, discussion 1173-5. PMID 17716384. "GINA - the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstructive_lung_disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseChronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Alcohol abuse can lead to alcoholic lung disease and is seen to be an independent risk factor for COPD.Mucociliary clearance is ... Mucociliary clearance is particularly altered with a dysregulation of cilia and mucus production. Small airway disease ... inhibiting mucociliary clearance that clears the bronchi of mucus, cellular debris and unwanted fluid. Other types of tobacco ... It improves mucus clearance by allowing it to move more freely. Further studies are to be carried out in the US to determine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease
ELOM-080ELOM-080
Increase of the mucociliary clearance: Due to the cited mucolytic, secretolytic and secretomotor effects, the natural cleaning ... In this connection, special emphasis is to be placed on the various aspects acting toward enhancement of mucociliary clearance ... ISBN 978-3-540-00983-2. Kaschke O, Behrbohm H, Sydow K (1997). "The influence of a secretolytic drug on mucociliary clearance ... The effect of increased mucociliary clearance has been demonstrated experimentally and also repeatedly in human subjects. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELOM-080
BronchusBronchus
Mucus plays an important role in keeping the airways clear in the mucociliary clearance process. As branching continues through ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchus
BronchitisBronchitis
Effective mucociliary clearance depends on airway hydration, ciliary beating, and the rates of mucin secretion. Each of these ... In the early stages, a cough can maintain mucus clearance. However, with continued excessive secretion mucus clearance is ... Foster, W (2002). "Mucociliary transport and cough in humans". Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 15 (3): 277-282. doi:10.1006/pupt.2002.0351 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis
Aspiration pneumoniaAspiration pneumonia
... reduced pulmonary clearance, diminished cough reflex, disrupted normal mucosal barrier, impaired mucociliary clearance, alter ... The mucociliary clearance of older people is also impaired, resulting in diminished sputum production and cough. Therefore, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspiration_pneumonia
Human noseHuman nose
These procedures aim to restore sinus ventilation, mucociliary clearance, and maintain the health of the sinus mucosa. Some non ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nose
Pulmonary hygienePulmonary hygiene
... the mucociliary clearance system and the ability to cough. Impaired mucociliary clearance is linked to poor lung function in a ... Respiratory health (pulmonary hygiene) depends on consistent clearance of airway secretions. Normal airway clearance is ... In a Respiratory Care Clinical Practice Guideline, IPPB is suggested for patients who have impaired airway clearance, and for ... Mechanically-assisted coughing greatly improves secretion clearance in the setting of respiratory infection in the patient with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hygiene
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosisAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
... mucociliary clearance is initiated and spores are successfully phagocytosed, clearing the infection from the host. In people ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis
Antral lavageAntral lavage
It allows ventilation and drainage of inflamed or infected sinuses and restoration of mucociliary clearances. It has proven to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antral_lavage
Cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis
Defective mucociliary clearance characterizing CF is associated with local immunological disorders. In addition, the prolonged ... As cilia cannot effectively move in a thick, viscous environment, mucociliary clearance is deficient and a buildup of mucus ... Lung disease results from clogging of the airways due to mucus build-up, decreased mucociliary clearance, and resulting ... Airway clearance techniques such as chest physiotherapy have some short-term benefit, but long-term effects are unclear. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis
Innate immune systemInnate immune system
"Mucociliary escalator". Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary (3rd ed.). Elsevier, Inc. 2007. Retrieved 11 June 2018. ... and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells identify and remove foreign substances present in organs, tissues, ... a physical barrier against the spread of infection and promotes healing of any damaged tissue following pathogen clearance. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system
Rare Diseases Clinical Research NetworkRare Diseases Clinical Research Network
Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium (GDMC), Stephanie Davis, M.D., The University of North Carolina at Chapel ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare_Diseases_Clinical_Research_Network
Mucin 5ACMucin 5AC
... tract it protects against infection by binding to inhaled pathogens that are subsequently removed by mucociliary clearance. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucin_5AC
List of MeSH codes (G09)List of MeSH codes (G09)
... mucociliary clearance MeSH G09.772.770.680 - phonation MeSH G09.772.770.690 - pulmonary circulation MeSH G09.772.770.755 - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(G09)
PhenylephrinePhenylephrine
Whereas pseudoephedrine causes both vasoconstriction and increase of mucociliary clearance through its nonspecific adrenergic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylephrine
Health and safety hazards of nanomaterialsHealth and safety hazards of nanomaterials
In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires fit testing and medical clearance for use of ... may also accompany inhalation exposure because particles that are cleared from the respiratory tract via the mucociliary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_and_safety_hazards_of_nanomaterials
ErdosteineErdosteine
... and positively influences the mucociliary clearance. Several studies show that erdosteine results more active compared to other ... bringing to an increase of mucociliary rate which allows the mucus removal from respiratory tract. Erdosteine is used as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdosteine
Evolution of olfactionEvolution of olfaction
Consequently, the degree of adaptation may rely on differences in odorant clearance among species, which would include ... properties of nasal mucociliary, submucosal blood flow, and expiratory desorption. Young, J. M., & Trask, B. J. (2002). "The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_olfaction
CiliumCilium
Multiciliated cells are found lining the respiratory tract where they function in mucociliary clearance sweeping mucus ... where they function in mucociliary clearance, and also have mechanosensory and chemosensory functions. Motile cilia on ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilium
Mucoactive agentMucoactive agent
... increase mucociliary transport (clearance) and transportability of mucus by cough Mucoregulators - suppress underlying ... Any of these effects could improve airway clearance during coughing.[citation needed] In general, clearance ability is hampered ... Mucoactive agents are a class of chemical agents that aid in the clearance of mucus or sputum from the upper and lower airways ... Rubin, Bruce K. (2006). "The pharmacologic approach to airway clearance: Mucoactive agents". Paediatric Respiratory Reviews. 7 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucoactive_agent
Asbestos-related diseasesAsbestos-related diseases
Some of the inhaled fibers are cleared by the mucociliary clearance mechanism but long thin asbestos fibers may reach the lower ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestos-related_diseases
AerosinusitisAerosinusitis
Normally, the sinuses drain into the nasal cavity through small ostia, which permit mucociliary clearance and ventilation that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosinusitis
Airway clearance therapyAirway clearance therapy
Several respiratory diseases cause the normal mucociliary clearance mechanism to become impaired resulting in a build-up of ... Airway clearance therapy is treatment that uses a number of airway clearance techniques to clear the respiratory airways of ... Airway clearance therapy uses different airway clearance techniques (ACTs) in a number of respiratory disorders including, ... All airway clearance therapy involves the techniques of coughing, or huffing that need to be used in conjunction with another ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_clearance_therapy
Airway basal cellAirway basal cell
The ciliated cells and secretory cells that form the epithelial barrier, and function in mucociliary clearance, are terminally ... due to the insufficient ciliary action needed for mucociliary clearance. The release of antimicrobials may occur as a second- ... Basal cell dysfunction causes the overproduction and secretion of mucus, and decreased mucus clearance that leads to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_basal_cell
SARS-CoV-2 : induces the dedifferentiation of multiciliated cells and impairs mucociliary clearance - Research - Institut...SARS-CoV-2 : induces the dedifferentiation of multiciliated cells and impairs mucociliary clearance - Research - Institut...
SARS-CoV-2 : induces the dedifferentiation of multiciliated cells and impairs mucociliary clearance. ... Motile ciliafunction is compromised by SARS-CoV-2 infection, as measured in a mucociliary clearanceassay. Epithelial defense ...
https://research.pasteur.fr/en/news/sars-cov-2-induces-the-dedifferentiation-of-multiciliated-cells-and-impairs-mucociliary-clearance/
Acervo Digital: Reversibility of impaired nasal mucociliary clearance in smokers following a smoking cessation programmeAcervo Digital: Reversibility of impaired nasal mucociliary clearance in smokers following a smoking cessation programme
The effect of SC on nasal mucociliary clearance (MC) in smokers was evaluated during a 180-day period. Methods: Thirty-three ... Reversibility of impaired nasal mucociliary clearance in smokers following a smoking cessation programme. Author(s): *Cipulo ...
https://acervodigital.unesp.br/handle/11449/7026
Mucociliary clearanceMucociliary clearance
... also referred to as mucociliary apparatus or mucociliar clearance (MCC) , derived from mucus , cilia (cilia of the tracheal ... surface epithelium in the respiratory tract ) and clearance describes the self clearing mechanism… ... Mucociliary clearance. Mucociliary clearance, also referred to as mucociliary apparatus or mucociliar clearance (MCC) , derived ... Mucociliary Clearance - Mucociliary Clearance, also referred to as mucociliary apparatus or mucociliar clearance (MCC) , ...
https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/11774773
Mucociliary clearance - CF EuropeMucociliary clearance - CF Europe
Mucociliary clearance. How tiny hairs on cells lining the airway sweep mucus up and out of the airway.. A watery layer of mucus ... This is called mucociliary clearance.. In cystic fibrosis, the mucus is thick and sticky. The tiny hairs struggle to move this ...
https://www.cf-europe.eu/glossary/mucociliary-clearance/
Nasal mucociliary clearance and hearing loss in pseudoexfoliation syndrome | AVESİSNasal mucociliary clearance and hearing loss in pseudoexfoliation syndrome | AVESİS
Purpose To evaluate nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) and hearing loss in patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome. ...
https://avesis.yyu.edu.tr/yayin/28129975-12fd-472a-98ea-fa92b306fd03/nasal-mucociliary-clearance-and-hearing-loss-in-pseudoexfoliation-syndrome
Chronic Sinusitis: Practice Essentials, Background, AnatomyChronic Sinusitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
... drainage from the maxillary sinus flows against gravity via mucociliary clearance. Because the floor of the maxillary sinus is ... All of these factors can play a role in disruption of the intrinsic mucociliary transport system. This is because an alteration ... treatment is to reestablish sinus ventilation and to correct mucosal opposition in order to restore the mucociliary clearance ... treatment may be needed to reestablish sinus ventilation and to correct mucosal opposition to restore the mucociliary clearance ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/232791-42185/what-is-the-prognosis-of-chronic-sinusitis
Pediatric Pneumonia: Practice Essentials, Background, PathophysiologyPediatric Pneumonia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
... mucociliary clearance; and several secreted substances (eg, lysozymes, complement, defensins). Macrophages, neutrophils, ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/967822
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: MedlinePlus GeneticsPrimary ciliary dyskinesia: MedlinePlus Genetics
Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium. Laterality defects other than situs inversus totalis in primary ciliary ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/primary-ciliary-dyskinesia
Uranium Toxicity: Assessment and Posttest Instructions | Environmental Medicine | ATSDRUranium Toxicity: Assessment and Posttest Instructions | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
Is eliminated via mucociliary clearance.. *Is absorbed.. *Is exhaled.. *The radioactivity from uranium is primarily *Alpha ...
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/uranium/posttest.html
Pilot study of safety and tolerability of inhaled hypertonic saline in infants with cystic fibrosisPilot study of safety and tolerability of inhaled hypertonic saline in infants with cystic fibrosis
Mucociliary Clearance / drug effects * Pilot Projects * Prospective Studies * Respiration / drug effects * Respiratory Function ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17436328/
Pediatric Pneumonia: Practice Essentials, Background, PathophysiologyPediatric Pneumonia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
... mucociliary clearance; and several secreted substances (eg, lysozymes, complement, defensins). Macrophages, neutrophils, ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/967822-overview
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
... including slowing of mucociliary clearance. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) is a major determinant of mucociliary clearance, and ... In addition, we measured bead clearance speeds in human ALI, which demonstrated a decrease in bead velocity with aging and a ...
http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=agricultur%2A+or+farm%2A&f1=%2A&Adv=0&terms=1&PageNo=80&RecNo=792&View=f&
Sinusitis | 5-Minute Clinical ConsultSinusitis | 5-Minute Clinical Consult
Impaired mucociliary clearance. *Secretions that are not cleared become hospitable to bacterial growth. ...
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116559/all/Sinusitis
Respiratory Diseases | GreenMedInfo | Disease | Natural MedicineRespiratory Diseases | GreenMedInfo | Disease | Natural Medicine
Thyme extract modulates beta (2) receptors in rat lung tissue and improves mucociliary clearance. Jun 01, 2007. ...
https://greenmedinfo.com/disease/respiratory-diseases
PDF) Investigation of the incidence of Eustachian tube dysfunction in patients with sinonasal diseasePDF) Investigation of the incidence of Eustachian tube dysfunction in patients with sinonasal disease
... mucociliary clearance, and preventing the reflux of sound and fluid from the nasopharynx. Therefore, any kind of deficiency in ... clearance of middle ear effusion, early ventilation tube extrusion, additional treatment, adverse events and complications. All ...
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333241368_Investigation_of_the_incidence_of_Eustachian_tube_dysfunction_in_patients_with_sinonasal_disease
Chronic RhinosinusitisChronic Rhinosinusitis
Poor mucociliary clearance. *Chronic Rhinosinusitis is very common in CF, and may predispose to pumonary infection ...
https://fpnotebook.com/ent/Sinus/ChrncRhnsnsts.htm
Disease | Rare Diseases Clinical Research NetworkDisease | Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network
Disease Category: Genetic Mucociliary Disorders. An inherited condition in which mucociliary clearance of the lungs is impaired ...
https://www.rarediseasesnetwork.org/diseases/167/primary-ciliary-dyskinesia
Woodworth, Bradford A., MD - Otolaryngology | UABWoodworth, Bradford A., MD - Otolaryngology | UAB
3 million in grants investigating therapeutic interventions that enhance mucociliary clearance in both cystic fibrosis (where ...
https://www.uab.edu/medicine/otolaryngology/team/faculty/woodworth
Long-term clearance from small airways in patients with cystic fibrosis | European Respiratory SocietyLong-term clearance from small airways in patients with cystic fibrosis | European Respiratory Society
Impaired mucociliary clearance in CF patients results in increased 24-h retention and a prolonged rapid clearance phase. ... slower clearance phase, though still more rapid than alveolar clearance. This intermediate clearance phase, proposed to ... may also contribute to clearance during the slow clearance phase 30.. Several factors may be associated with lung clearance ... Robinson M, Eberl S, Tomlinson C, et al. Regional mucociliary clearance in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Aerosol Med 2000;13 ...
https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/25/2/317
Gene Ontology ClassificationsGene Ontology Classifications
Predicted to be involved in several processes, including mucociliary clearance; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation ...
http://www.informatics.jax.org/go/marker/MGI:2685128
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis: prevent, eradicate or both? | ThoraxPseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis: prevent, eradicate or both? | Thorax
Inhalation of dry-powder mannitol increases mucociliary clearance. Eur Respir J 1997;10:2449-54. ... by improving mucociliary clearance, has some impact on PA infection. Thus, although these studies used higher dosages of ... has been used as an osmotic agent and has been reported to increase mucociliary clearance since the late 1990s.35 Inhaled ... If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance ...
https://thorax.bmj.com/content/65/10/849.full
Role of ER stress in cystic fibrosis airway inflammation | HSTalksRole of ER stress in cystic fibrosis airway inflammation | HSTalks
Impaired mucociliary clearance. *Airway obstruction. *Persistent lung infections and inflammation. *Respiratory failure ...
https://hstalks.com/t/2223/role-of-er-stress-in-cystic-fibrosis-airway-inflam/?biosci
View source for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection and Biofilm Production in Immunocompromised Individuals - microbewiki
This may stop immune system mechanisms, such as the mucociliary clearance or phagocyte function from fully working [[# ... Decreased Clearance of Mucociliary Passages,/i>,br> To begin, some propose that the sodium and water hyperabsorption in CF ... such as mucociliary clearance and macrophages. However, when CF patients contract ,i>P. aeruginosa,/i>, it causes chronic ... such as mucociliary clearance [[#References,[5]]]. These bacterial communities cause many persistent and chronic bacterial ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pseudomonas_Aeruginosa_Infection_and_Biofilm_Production_in_Immunocompromised_Individuals&action=edit&oldid=114050
Ectodysplasin signalling deficiency in mouse models of Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia leads to middle ear and nasal...
... reduced mucociliary clearance and impaired auditory tube gating function underlies the pathological sequelae in the bulla. ... reduced mucociliary clearance and impaired auditory tube gating function underlies the pathological sequelae in the bulla.", ... reduced mucociliary clearance and impaired auditory tube gating function underlies the pathological sequelae in the bulla. ... reduced mucociliary clearance and impaired auditory tube gating function underlies the pathological sequelae in the bulla. ...
https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/ectodysplasin-signalling-deficiency-in-mouse-models-of-hypohidrot
APS -70th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics - Session Index DFD17APS -70th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics - Session Index DFD17
... impairing mucociliary clearance under chronic pulmonary conditions. Existing studies on airflow induced mucus clearance have ... Mucociliary clearance is one of the major lines of defense of the respiratory system. The mucus layer coating the pulmonary ... Session L4: Respiratory: Mucociliary Flows and Respiratory Particle Deposition. Bio Fluids: Internal ... The effect of different airflow rates and mucus viscosities on the flow morphology, mucus layer thickness, mucus clearance and ...
https://meetings.aps.org/Meeting/DFD17/Session/L4?showAbstract
Noninvasive Ventilation | Fisher & Paykel HealthcareNoninvasive Ventilation | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare
The resulting increase in mucus viscosity and impaired mucociliary clearance may lead to secretion retention, airway occlusion ... Domiciliary humidification improves lung mucociliary clearance in patients with bronchiectasis. Chron Respir Dis. 2008;5(2):81- ... Secretion clearance is fundamental to limiting airway occlusion and promoting efficient ventilation and gas exchange.12 ... Belli S, Prince I, Savio G, Paracchini E, Cattaneo D, Bianchi M, Masocco F, Bellanti MT, Balbi B. Airway Clearance Techniques: ...
https://www.fphcare.com/us/homecare/home-respiratory/noninvasive-ventilation/
Perioperative Respiratory Considerations in the Surgical Patient | Fishmans Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 5e |...Perioperative Respiratory Considerations in the Surgical Patient | Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 5e |...
Impaired cough and mucociliary clearance. Source: Reproduced with permission from Goldmann DR, Brown FH, Guarnieri DM (eds). ...
https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1344§ionid=81196424
Find Research Projects - Queen's University Belfast
Harm Tiddens - researcher - Erasmus MC SophiaHarm Tiddens - researcher - Erasmus MC Sophia
Model of mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis lungs.J Theor Biol 2015; 372: 81-88. ... RhDNase before airway clearance therapy improves airway patency in children with CF. Pediatr Pulmonol 2007; 42: 624-630. ... 9/10/2009: L.J. van der Giessen, ""Optimisation and assessment of airway clearance in children with Cystic Fibrosis"". Erasmus ... Determining presence of lung disease in young children with cystic fibrosis: Lung clearance index, oxygen saturation and cough ...
https://www.erasmusmc.nl/en/sophia/research/researchers/tiddens-harm
Nasal mucociliary clearanceCysticFunctioning mucociliary transportSecretionsLungsEpitheliumCiliaryEpithelialViscosityEscalatorAirway clearanceChronicSecretionBronchiectasisAirwaysParticle DepositionTracheobronchialNasopharyngealPulmonaryPneumoniaTransportVentilationDefenseAbsorptionAlveolar clearanceMucus clearanceRetentionPatientsAerosolStudyHumidityResearchFunctionSystemStudiesImportantConditionRateRegionNatural
Nasal mucociliary clearance2
  • The effect of SC on nasal mucociliary clearance (MC) in smokers was evaluated during a 180-day period. (unesp.br)
  • Purpose To evaluate nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) and hearing loss in patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome. (yyu.edu.tr)
Cystic5
  • Dr. Woodworth is an NIH funded researcher who has obtained over $3 million in grants investigating therapeutic interventions that enhance mucociliary clearance in both cystic fibrosis (where chronic rhinosinusitis is virtually universal) and non-cystic fibrosis chronic rhinosinusitis. (uab.edu)
  • Impaired mucociliary clearance is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF). Early morphological changes first appear in the small airways. (ersjournals.com)
  • The results of the study do not support the current authors' hypothesis that clearance from small airways is slower in cystic fibrosis patients compared to healthy subjects. (ersjournals.com)
  • Primary diseases of mucociliary clearance are cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Ensifentrine also activates the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ("CFTR"), which is beneficial in reducing mucous viscosity and improving mucociliary clearance. (globenewswire.com)
Functioning mucociliary transport1
  • The airway mucosa needs to retain a balance of heat and moisture to maintain a fully functioning mucociliary transport system and act as an efficient line of defense. (fphcare.com)
Secretions2
  • This technique, which clears a small portion of the airway, is ineffective for clearing secretions in the peripheral airways, and the patient is left dependent upon mucociliary clearance rather than cough clearance. (rtmagazine.com)
  • This clearance particularly takes advantage of the mucociliary transport (MCT) system which allows all secretions to be pushed by the ciliated cells towards the back of the nasal passages to then descend into the pharynx. (biomedcentral.com)
Lungs8
  • An inherited condition in which mucociliary clearance of the lungs is impaired. (rarediseasesnetwork.org)
  • Clearance of particles from the lungs can be followed by a number of techniques, both invasive and noninvasive. (harvard.edu)
  • Using these approaches, considerable evidence has been accumulated to conclude that particle dissolution in situ within alveolar macrophages and subsequent absorption by the circulation, rather than bulk transport, is the dominant mechanism for the long-term clearance of many insoluble minerals from the lungs. (harvard.edu)
  • In the second study, the effect of chronic inhalation exposures to sulfuric acid mist upon mucociliary clearance from the lungs was studied, using the donkey as an analogue for man. (epa.gov)
  • Therefore, in the MUCINS study, we would like to investigate whether self-cleaning of the lungs (mucociliary clearance) after a stroke is somehow blocked or restricted. (neurocure.de)
  • In this study, the model describes the relation- tial parameter estimates for this model were based ship between the respirable particles in the air a worker on both human and animal data of particle deposi- breathes and the retained mass of particles in the lungs tion and clearance and on the biological and physi- and lung-associated (hilar) lymph nodes. (cdc.gov)
  • gest that particle clearance from the lungs can become model includes processes for first-order alveolar- impaired due to overloading of alveolar-macrophage- macrophage-mediated clearance and transfer of par- mediated clearance. (cdc.gov)
  • Alternatively, if the kinetic processes influenc- out adjustment for the kinetic differences in particle ing particle disposition in the lungs of humans and ro- clearance and retention, would be inadequate for pre- dents are not related by a standard scaling factor (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Epithelium2
  • Mucociliary clearance , also referred to as mucociliary apparatus or mucociliar clearance ( MCC ) , derived from mucus , cilia (cilia of the tracheal surface epithelium in the respiratory tract ) and clearance describes the self-clearing mechanism of the bronchi . (en-academic.com)
  • Restoring mucociliary clearance of the nasal epithelium when altered thus represents a key therapeutic tool against rhinosinus chronic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Ciliary3
  • Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) is a major determinant of mucociliary clearance, and it slows as we age. (cdc.gov)
  • Ciliary activity and rheology of airway surface liquid determine mucociliary clearance (MCC). (ersjournals.com)
  • It is measured in vivo as mucus transfer, ciliary beat frequency, and clearance of radioactive tracers. (bvsalud.org)
Epithelial2
  • mucociliary clearance - the clearance of mucus and other material from the airways by the cilia of the epithelial cells, which move mucus cephalad with every beat. (en-academic.com)
  • Mucociliary clearance refers to the escalator mechanism in which the ciliated respiratory epithelial cells beat, propelling a thin layer of mucus in the direction of the airway opening. (rtmagazine.com)
Viscosity1
  • The resulting increase in mucus viscosity and impaired mucociliary clearance may lead to secretion retention, airway occlusion and atelectasis. (fphcare.com)
Escalator1
  • The fecal excretion in these animals was considered primarily due to ingestion of radioactivity from grooming and ingestion of deposited material from the nasopharyngeal region via the mucociliary escalator, i.e. not following systemic absorption. (europa.eu)
Airway clearance9
  • No difference was observed between the CF patients and the healthy subjects in the slow clearance phase at day 7 to day 21, representing small airway clearance. (ersjournals.com)
  • Little emphasis is placed on airway clearance despite the prevalence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. (rtmagazine.com)
  • We take airway clearance for granted until something comes along that impairs it. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Airway clearance consists of two separate, but connected, mechanisms: mucociliary clearance and cough clearance. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Patients in the intensive care setting very often have impaired airway clearance. (rtmagazine.com)
  • 2,3 Despite the many reports and reviews on ventilator-associated pneumonia, little emphasis is placed on airway clearance. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Both categories of patients can benefit from attention to airway clearance. (rtmagazine.com)
  • This area is the subject of a great deal of study, yet the role of impaired airway clearance in the intubated patient has not been adequately studied. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Despite widespread acceptance, there is no published evidence that demonstrates a benefit or improved airway clearance due to percussion and vibration in the intubated patient. (rtmagazine.com)
Chronic5
  • The quantity and quality of mucus are adversely altered, impairing mucociliary clearance under chronic pulmonary conditions. (aps.org)
  • Secondary diseases of mucociliary clearance include bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (rtmagazine.com)
  • The study involved 79 patients suffering from chronic vasomotor rhinitis presenting an increased mucociliary clearance time. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of nasal inhalation of a medical device (nasal spray) in selected patients with chronic vasomotor rhinitis, a nasal pathology which is characterised by an increased mucociliary transport time. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The study involved 79 subjects suffering from chronic vasomotor rhinitis with increased mucociliary clearance time from a minimum of 24 min to over 30 min, between the ages of 16 and 61 years, of both genders. (biomedcentral.com)
Secretion3
  • Nasopharynx auditory tube glands fail to develop in HED mutant mice and the functional implications include loss of lysozyme secretion, reduced mucociliary clearance and overgrowth of nasal commensal bacteria accompanied by neutrophil exudation. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Homecare patients commonly use home ventilators and should use humidity to improve secretion clearance. (fphcare.com)
  • Secretion clearance is fundamental to limiting airway occlusion and promoting efficient ventilation and gas exchange. (fphcare.com)
Bronchiectasis1
  • Domiciliary humidification improves lung mucociliary clearance in patients with bronchiectasis. (fphcare.com)
Airways7
  • Lung clearance was investigated in 11 young CF adults with mild-to-moderate lung disease using a method depositing particles mainly in the small airways. (ersjournals.com)
  • Furthermore, the data suggest that mucociliary transport is not the dominant clearance mechanism in small airways. (ersjournals.com)
  • This clearance mechanism is rapid, resulting in clearance of the larger airways within hours of inhalation and is considered to be completed within 24 h in healthy subjects. (ersjournals.com)
  • The current study investigated lung clearance in young adults with CF, using a method depositing particles primarily in the small airways. (ersjournals.com)
  • and 2) that the clearance between day one and day 21 from small airways is slower in patients with CF compared to healthy subjects. (ersjournals.com)
  • This process plays an important role in efficient gas exchange by maintaining clear and open airways with effective mucus clearance. (fphcare.com)
  • Particle-laden macrophages may migrate to airways, but we believe that an important mechanism of clearance is the dissolution of particles within alveolar macrophages and the subsequent translocation of dissolved materials to the blood. (harvard.edu)
Particle Deposition2
  • Effects of Sulfur Oxide Pollutants on Respiratory Function, Particle Deposition and Bronchial Clearance. (epa.gov)
  • The effects of sulfur oxide pollutants on respiratory function, particle deposition, and bronchial clearance were explored in a series of three studies, two on donkeys and one on humans. (epa.gov)
Tracheobronchial1
  • In the first study, the effects of one-hour inhalation exposures to 0.3 - 0.6 micrograms H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 aerosols in the donkey were studied in terms of alterations in pulmonary flow resistance and dynamic compliance, and changes in the regional deposition and tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance of an inert test aerosol. (epa.gov)
Nasopharyngeal1
  • Our findings using HED mutant mice as a model for the human condition support the idea that ear and nose pathology in HED patients arises as a result of nasal and nasopharyngeal gland deficits, reduced mucociliary clearance and impaired auditory tube gating function underlies the pathological sequelae in the bulla. (ed.ac.uk)
Pulmonary4
  • As we age, many components of pulmonary innate immunity are impaired, including slowing of mucociliary clearance. (cdc.gov)
  • 1981). Based on a study in rats exposed to chromium(VI) as potassium dichromate or to chromium(III) as chromium trichloride, the pulmonary clearance of both valence states was dependent on particle size, and chromium(VI) was more rapidly and extensively transported to the bloodstream than chromium(III). (europa.eu)
  • Chromium(VI) particles of 1.5 or 1.6 μm had a two-compartment pulmonary clearance curve with half-lives of 31.5 hours for the first phase and 737 hours for the second phase. (europa.eu)
  • Chromium(III) particles of 1.5-1.8 μ m had a single component pulmonary clearance curve with a half-life of 164 hours. (europa.eu)
Pneumonia1
  • Those in the second category are at particular risk of developing atelectasis and pneumonia, since they tend to have poor cough clearance at baseline. (rtmagazine.com)
Transport4
  • Clearance involves mucociliary transport as well as the action of phagocytic cells in nonciliated regions of the lung. (harvard.edu)
  • Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Boycott KM, Bastin P and Sheridan EG (2018) Biallelic Mutations in LRRC56, Encoding a Protein Associated with Intraflagellar Transport, Cause Mucociliary Clearance and Laterality Defects. (sfu.ca)
  • Nasal Mucociliary transport time was measured in the patients of both groups before treatment, after 15 days of treatment, and at the end of the 30 days treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the end of the study we objectivated an increase in the rate of mucociliary transport in 97.9% percentage of patients we enrolled. (biomedcentral.com)
Ventilation2
  • Two methods of supporting mucociliary clearance are the active and the passive respiratory gas humidification , which in particular are applied in mechanical ventilation . (en-academic.com)
  • Surgical treatment may be needed to reestablish sinus ventilation and to correct mucosal opposition to restore the mucociliary clearance system. (medscape.com)
Defense1
  • Mucociliary clearance is one of the major lines of defense of the respiratory system. (aps.org)
Absorption1
  • Absorption by the bloodstream and mucociliary clearance was only 5-30% for chromium(III) compounds. (europa.eu)
Alveolar clearance1
  • If the relationship between external exposure and in- stantially higher than expected from first-order clear- ternal dose is not proportional (as in capacity-limited ance kinetics, yet lower than expected from the metabolism or clearance), then exposure would be a overloading of alveolar clearance predicted from ro- poor surrogate for internal dose. (cdc.gov)
Mucus clearance1
  • The effect of different airflow rates and mucus viscosities on the flow morphology, mucus layer thickness, mucus clearance and pressure drop across the model will be discussed. (aps.org)
Retention1
  • Impaired mucociliary clearance in CF patients results in increased 24-h retention and a prolonged rapid clearance phase. (ersjournals.com)
Patients2
  • Clearance on days 1-7 was larger in the CF patients, 22% (15-29) compared to the healthy subjects, 14% (12-16). (ersjournals.com)
  • The study shows how one of the treatments carried out determines a major objective reduction of the mucociliary clearance time in the patients under examination, using the method which involves the use of an insoluble coloured tracer (vegetable carbon), bringing the values back within normal range. (biomedcentral.com)
Aerosol1
  • Detection of particles and therefore evidence of clearance can rely upon any distinctive property of the aerosol. (harvard.edu)
Study1
  • In the final study, the mucociliary particle clearance and respiratory mechanics of twelve healty nonsmokers exposed to 1/2 micrometer H2SO4 at 0 (control), 100, 300, and 1,000 micrograms/cu m for one hour per day for four days were examined. (epa.gov)
Humidity1
  • High humidity enhances the functionality of the mucociliary clearance. (en-academic.com)
Research1
  • Her research passions lie in the areas of exercise-induced asthma, mucociliary clearance and innovative therapies. (woolcock.org.au)
Function1
  • Its rheological properties influence the smooth operation of that function called mucociliary clearance. (biomedcentral.com)
System1
  • Mucociliary clearance is the main self-clearing system of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies1
  • In this review, we discuss the various factors of BNNT production that can influence its toxicity followed by summarizing the toxicity findings from in vitro and in vivo studies conducted to date, including a review of particle clearance observed with various exposure routes. (cdc.gov)
Important1
  • Important for good mucociliary clearance are the number of cilia, their structure, activity, and coordinated movement. (en-academic.com)
Condition2
  • As the patient's condition deteriorated progressively and he had difficulty in expectorating sputum, salbutamol, 0.5 g four times a day, driven by a jet nebulizer at 6 L of oxygen per min, was given to assist mucociliary clearance. (cdc.gov)
  • The residue may be Cheap Valium Online Overnight noted by mucociliary clearance of the death from behind the manufacture, mental condition known. (osi74.com)
Rate1
  • Nasal peak inspiratory flow rate, acoustic rhinometry, anterior rhinomanometry, mucociliary clearance, olfactory thresholds, quality of life, and serum 17-beta-estradiol levels were measured at each visit. (uea.ac.uk)
Region1
  • This intermediate clearance phase, proposed to represent clearance of particles deposited in the bronchiolar region, has been included in the revised dosimetric model for the human respiratory tract, adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 6 . (ersjournals.com)
Natural1
  • Unfortunately, intubation interferes with mucociliary clearance and compromises the natural barrier between the oropharynx and the trachea? (pharmacytimes.com)