AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Molecular WeightBody WeightWeight LossWeight GainBirth WeightElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelChromatography, GelAmino AcidsKineticsAmino Acid SequenceMacromolecular SubstancesMolecular Sequence DataIsoelectric PointHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationImmunodiffusionHeparin, Low-Molecular-WeightCattleChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeKininogensCentrifugation, Density GradientFetal WeightUltracentrifugationIsoelectric FocusingChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseChromatography, AffinityInfant, Low Birth WeightBase SequenceEscherichia coliObesityChemistryElectrophoresis, DiscChemical PhenomenaSubstrate SpecificityCloning, MolecularRabbitsLiverGlycoproteinsCarbohydratesPeptidesSodium Dodecyl SulfateTrypsinPregnancyOrgan SizePeptide FragmentsDextransWeight Reduction ProgramsProteinsHot TemperatureSpecies SpecificityCell LineSolubilityImmunoelectrophoresisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidBody Mass IndexTime FactorsSwineTemperatureElectrophoresisMicroscopy, ElectronBacterial ProteinsDNAChemical PrecipitationPeptide HydrolasesAntibodies, MonoclonalInfant, NewbornProtein BindingDiet, ReducingDrug StabilityImmune SeraPrekallikreinPolyethylene GlycolsPhysicochemical PhenomenaHyaluronic AcidChemistry, PhysicalRNA, MessengerRats, Inbred StrainsProtein ConformationTritiumPolymersInfant, Very Low Birth WeightAmmonium SulfateCross ReactionsBody CompositionHeparinGenesCell-Free SystemCells, CulturedOverweightMembrane ProteinsChromatography, AgaroseCarrier ProteinsPlasmidsEndopeptidasesRecombinant ProteinsProtein BiosynthesisSpectrophotometry, UltravioletBlood ProteinsGenes, BacterialBinding SitesViral ProteinsPolysaccharidesDalteparinEatingBlotting, WesternSequence Homology, Amino AcidSpectrophotometryEdetic AcidPeptide BiosynthesisEnergy IntakeKininogen, High-Molecular-WeightMagnesiumCell MembraneMercaptoethanolKidneyIsoenzymesUltrafiltrationEpitopesKallikreinsHydrolysisViscosityCyanogen BromideProtease InhibitorsCations, DivalentGlycoside HydrolasesCell FractionationDietMutationAnticoagulantsPronaseDNA Restriction EnzymesChloromercuribenzoatesDose-Response Relationship, DrugChymotrypsinDNA, BacterialAdipose TissuePseudomonasImmunosorbent TechniquesGestational AgeHydroxyapatitesFractional PrecipitationNadroparinChemical FractionationDialysisMethodsRestriction MappingPlantsMusclesAntibodiesImmunoblottingProtein PrecursorsFactor XIAntigen-Antibody ComplexSulfhydryl ReagentsErythrocytesImmunologic TechniquesRadioimmunoassaySequence Homology, Nucleic AcidSheepTrypsin InhibitorsStructure-Activity RelationshipWeight LiftingDeoxyribonucleasesPolyethylenesWeaningEnergy MetabolismBody Weights and MeasuresChickensCytosolFluorescent Antibody TechniqueTissue DistributionPepsin ANucleic Acid HybridizationCulture MediaInfant, Extremely Low Birth WeightUreaBacillusGlucosamineAnthropometryFactor XIIImmunochemistryMass SpectrometryChitosanEnzyme ActivationSucroseRibonucleasesCricetinaeCross-Linking ReagentsManganeseTissue ExtractsImmunoelectrophoresis, Two-DimensionalPlacentaOligosaccharidesBrainKaolinKininsFeeding BehaviorRats, Sprague-DawleySulfhydryl CompoundsAntigens, SurfaceNucleic Acid Denaturation
Molecular Weight: The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.Body Weight: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.Weight Loss: Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT.Weight Gain: Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.Birth Weight: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel: Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.Chromatography, Gel: Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.Amino Acids: Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Macromolecular Substances: Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Isoelectric Point: The pH in solutions of proteins and related compounds at which the dipolar ions are at a maximum.Hydrogen-Ion Concentration: The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Immunodiffusion: Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight: Heparin fractions with a molecular weight usually between 4000 and 6000 kD. These low-molecular-weight fractions are effective antithrombotic agents. Their administration reduces the risk of hemorrhage, they have a longer half-life, and their platelet interactions are reduced in comparison to unfractionated heparin. They also provide an effective prophylaxis against postoperative major pulmonary embolism.Cattle: Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.Chromatography: Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.Chromatography, Ion Exchange: Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.Kininogens: Endogenous peptides present in most body fluids. Certain enzymes convert them to active KININS which are involved in inflammation, blood clotting, complement reactions, etc. Kininogens belong to the cystatin superfamily. They are cysteine proteinase inhibitors. HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT KININOGEN; (HMWK); is split by plasma kallikrein to produce BRADYKININ. LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT KININOGEN; (LMWK); is split by tissue kallikrein to produce KALLIDIN.Centrifugation, Density Gradient: Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Fetal Weight: The weight of the FETUS in utero. It is usually estimated by various formulas based on measurements made during PRENATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.Ultracentrifugation: Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Isoelectric Focusing: Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose: A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Chromatography, Affinity: A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Infant, Low Birth Weight: An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Obesity: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).Chemistry: A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.Electrophoresis, Disc: Electrophoresis in which discontinuities in both the voltage and pH gradients are introduced by using buffers of different composition and pH in the different parts of the gel column. The term 'disc' was originally used as an abbreviation for 'discontinuous' referring to the buffers employed, and does not have anything to do with the shape of the separated zones.Chemical Phenomena: The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.Substrate Specificity: A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Liver: A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.Glycoproteins: Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.Carbohydrates: The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.Peptides: Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.Trypsin: A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Organ Size: The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.Peptide Fragments: Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.Dextrans: A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma volume expanders and anticoagulants. They are also commonly used in biological experimentation and in industry for a wide variety of purposes.Weight Reduction Programs: Services providing counseling and activities that help overweight individuals to attain a more healthy body weight.Proteins: Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.Hot Temperature: Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Solubility: The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Immunoelectrophoresis: A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid: Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.Body Mass Index: An indicator of body density as determined by the relationship of BODY WEIGHT to BODY HEIGHT. BMI=weight (kg)/height squared (m2). BMI correlates with body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE). Their relationship varies with age and gender. For adults, BMI falls into these categories: below 18.5 (underweight); 18.5-24.9 (normal); 25.0-29.9 (overweight); 30.0 and above (obese). (National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Temperature: The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.Electrophoresis: An electrochemical process in which macromolecules or colloidal particles with a net electric charge migrate in a solution under the influence of an electric current.Microscopy, Electron: Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.DNA: A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).Chemical Precipitation: The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.Peptide Hydrolases: Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Protein Binding: The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.Diet, Reducing: A diet designed to cause an individual to lose weight.Drug Stability: The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.Immune Sera: Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.Prekallikrein: A plasma protein which is the precursor of kallikrein. Plasma that is deficient in prekallikrein has been found to be abnormal in thromboplastin formation, kinin generation, evolution of a permeability globulin, and plasmin formation. The absence of prekallikrein in plasma leads to Fletcher factor deficiency, a congenital disease.Polyethylene Glycols: Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.Physicochemical Phenomena: The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.Hyaluronic Acid: A natural high-viscosity mucopolysaccharide with alternating beta (1-3) glucuronide and beta (1-4) glucosaminidic bonds. It is found in the UMBILICAL CORD, in VITREOUS BODY and in SYNOVIAL FLUID. A high urinary level is found in PROGERIA.Chemistry, Physical: The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Rats, Inbred Strains: Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.Protein Conformation: The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).TritiumPolymers: Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).Infant, Very Low Birth Weight: An infant whose weight at birth is less than 1500 grams (3.3 lbs), regardless of gestational age.Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.Cross Reactions: Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.Body Composition: The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.Heparin: A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.Genes: A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.Cell-Free System: A fractionated cell extract that maintains a biological function. A subcellular fraction isolated by ultracentrifugation or other separation techniques must first be isolated so that a process can be studied free from all of the complex side reactions that occur in a cell. The cell-free system is therefore widely used in cell biology. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p166)Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Overweight: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standard of acceptable or desirable weight. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat".Membrane Proteins: Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.Chromatography, Agarose: A method of gel filtration chromatography using agarose, the non-ionic component of agar, for the separation of compounds with molecular weights up to several million.Carrier Proteins: Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.Endopeptidases: A subclass of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that catalyze the internal cleavage of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS.Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Protein Biosynthesis: The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet: Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Blood Proteins: Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.Genes, Bacterial: The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.Viral Proteins: Proteins found in any species of virus.PolysaccharidesDalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)Eating: The consumption of edible substances.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.Sequence Homology, Amino Acid: The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.Spectrophotometry: The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.Peptide Biosynthesis: The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of proteins on RIBOSOMES following an RNA template is termed translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC). There are other, non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT) mechanisms carried out by PEPTIDE SYNTHASES and PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASES. Further modifications of peptide chains yield functional peptide and protein molecules.Energy Intake: Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight: A plasma protein, molecular weight of 110 kD, that normally exists in plasma in a 1:1 complex with PREKALLIKREIN. HMWK is split by plasma kallikrein to produce BRADYKININ. The complex is a cofactor in the activation of coagulation factor XII. The product of this reaction, XIIa, in turn activates prekallikrein to KALLIKREINS. (From Stedman, 26th ed)Magnesium: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.Cell Membrane: The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.MercaptoethanolKidney: Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.Isoenzymes: Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.Ultrafiltration: The separation of particles from a suspension by passage through a filter with very fine pores. In ultrafiltration the separation is accomplished by convective transport; in DIALYSIS separation relies instead upon differential diffusion. Ultrafiltration occurs naturally and is a laboratory procedure. Artificial ultrafiltration of the blood is referred to as HEMOFILTRATION or HEMODIAFILTRATION (if combined with HEMODIALYSIS).Epitopes: Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.Kallikreins: Proteolytic enzymes from the serine endopeptidase family found in normal blood and urine. Specifically, Kallikreins are potent vasodilators and hypotensives and increase vascular permeability and affect smooth muscle. They act as infertility agents in men. Three forms are recognized, PLASMA KALLIKREIN (EC 3.4.21.34), TISSUE KALLIKREIN (EC 3.4.21.35), and PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (EC 3.4.21.77).Hydrolysis: The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.Viscosity: The resistance that a gaseous or liquid system offers to flow when it is subjected to shear stress. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Cyanogen Bromide: Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.Protease Inhibitors: Compounds which inhibit or antagonize biosynthesis or actions of proteases (ENDOPEPTIDASES).Cations, Divalent: Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms with a valence of plus 2, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.Glycoside HydrolasesCell Fractionation: Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS.Diet: Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Anticoagulants: Agents that prevent clotting.Pronase: A proteolytic enzyme obtained from Streptomyces griseus.DNA Restriction Enzymes: Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.Chloromercuribenzoates: Chloride and mercury-containing derivatives of benzoic acid.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Adipose Tissue: Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.Pseudomonas: A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species are pathogenic for humans, animals, and plants.Immunosorbent Techniques: Techniques for removal by adsorption and subsequent elution of a specific antibody or antigen using an immunosorbent containing the homologous antigen or antibody.Gestational Age: The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.Hydroxyapatites: A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Fractional Precipitation: A method which uses specific precipitation reactions to separate or collect substances from a solution.Nadroparin: A heparin fraction with a mean molecular weight of 4500 daltons. It is isolated from porcine mucosal heparin and used as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)Chemical Fractionation: Separation of a mixture in successive stages, each stage removing from the mixture some proportion of one of the substances, for example by differential solubility in water-solvent mixtures. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Dialysis: A process of selective diffusion through a membrane. It is usually used to separate low-molecular-weight solutes which diffuse through the membrane from the colloidal and high-molecular-weight solutes which do not. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Methods: A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.Restriction Mapping: Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.Muscles: Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.Antibodies: Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).Immunoblotting: Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.Protein PrecursorsFactor XI: Stable blood coagulation factor involved in the intrinsic pathway. The activated form XIa activates factor IX to IXa. Deficiency of factor XI is often called hemophilia C.Antigen-Antibody Complex: The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.Sulfhydryl Reagents: Chemical agents that react with SH groups. This is a chemically diverse group that is used for a variety of purposes. Among these are enzyme inhibition, enzyme reactivation or protection, and labelling.Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.Immunologic Techniques: Techniques used to demonstrate or measure an immune response, and to identify or measure antigens using antibodies.Radioimmunoassay: Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid: The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.Sheep: Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.Trypsin Inhibitors: Serine proteinase inhibitors which inhibit trypsin. They may be endogenous or exogenous compounds.Structure-Activity Relationship: The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.Weight Lifting: A sport in which weights are lifted competitively or as an exercise.Deoxyribonucleases: Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolases of ester bonds within DNA. EC 3.1.-.Polyethylenes: Synthetic thermoplastics that are tough, flexible, inert, and resistant to chemicals and electrical current. They are often used as biocompatible materials for prostheses and implants.Weaning: Permanent deprivation of breast milk and commencement of nourishment with other food. (From Stedman, 25th ed)Energy Metabolism: The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.Body Weights and Measures: Measurements of the height, weight, length, area, etc., of the human and animal body or its parts.Chickens: Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.Cytosol: Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.Fluorescent Antibody Technique: Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.Tissue Distribution: Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.Pepsin A: Formed from pig pepsinogen by cleavage of one peptide bond. The enzyme is a single polypeptide chain and is inhibited by methyl 2-diaazoacetamidohexanoate. It cleaves peptides preferentially at the carbonyl linkages of phenylalanine or leucine and acts as the principal digestive enzyme of gastric juice.Nucleic Acid Hybridization: Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)Culture Media: Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight: An infant whose weight at birth is less than 1000 grams (2.2 lbs), regardless of GESTATIONAL AGE.Urea: A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.Bacillus: A genus of BACILLACEAE that are spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Most species are saprophytic soil forms with only a few species being pathogenic.GlucosamineAnthropometry: The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body.Factor XII: Stable blood coagulation factor activated by contact with the subendothelial surface of an injured vessel. Along with prekallikrein, it serves as the contact factor that initiates the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Kallikrein activates factor XII to XIIa. Deficiency of factor XII, also called the Hageman trait, leads to increased incidence of thromboembolic disease. Mutations in the gene for factor XII that appear to increase factor XII amidolytic activity are associated with HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA TYPE III.Immunochemistry: Field of chemistry that pertains to immunological phenomena and the study of chemical reactions related to antigen stimulation of tissues. It includes physicochemical interactions between antigens and antibodies.Mass Spectrometry: An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.Chitosan: Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in HYDROGEL and to treat WOUNDS.Enzyme Activation: Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.Sucrose: A nonreducing disaccharide composed of GLUCOSE and FRUCTOSE linked via their anomeric carbons. It is obtained commercially from SUGARCANE, sugar beet (BETA VULGARIS), and other plants and used extensively as a food and a sweetener.Ribonucleases: Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds within RNA. EC 3.1.-.Cricetinae: A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.Cross-Linking Reagents: Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)Tissue Extracts: Preparations made from animal tissues or organs (ANIMAL STRUCTURES). They usually contain many components, any one of which may be pharmacologically or physiologically active. Tissue extracts may contain specific, but uncharacterized factors or proteins with specific actions.Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional: Immunoelectrophoresis in which a second electrophoretic transport is performed on the initially separated antigen fragments into an antibody-containing medium in a direction perpendicular to the first electrophoresis.Placenta: A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).Oligosaccharides: Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Kaolin: The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: "high ridge"), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Kinins: A generic term used to describe a group of polypeptides with related chemical structures and pharmacological properties that are widely distributed in nature. These peptides are AUTACOIDS that act locally to produce pain, vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability, and the synthesis of prostaglandins. Thus, they comprise a subset of the large number of mediators that contribute to the inflammatory response. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p588)Feeding Behavior: Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Sulfhydryl Compounds: Compounds containing the -SH radical.Antigens, Surface: Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.Nucleic Acid Denaturation: Disruption of the secondary structure of nucleic acids by heat, extreme pH or chemical treatment. Double strand DNA is "melted" by dissociation of the non-covalent hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Denatured DNA appears to be a single-stranded flexible structure. The effects of denaturation on RNA are similar though less pronounced and largely reversible.

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) clotting activity in human plasma in health and disease in various animal plasmas. (1/43764)

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) is an agent in normal human plasma that corrects the impaired in vitro surface-mediated plasma reactions of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and kinin generation observed in Fitzgerald trait plasma. To assess the possible pathophysiologic role of Fitzgerald factor, its titer was measured by a functional clot-promoting assay. Mean +/- SD in 42 normal adults was 0.99+/-0.25 units/ml, one unit being the activity in 1 ml of normal pooled plasma. No difference in titer was noted between normal men and women, during pregnancy, or after physical exercise. Fitzgerald factor activity was significantly reduced in the plasmas of eight patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis (0.40+/-0.09 units/ml) and of ten patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (0.60+/-0.30 units/ml), but was normal in plasmas of patients with other congenital clotting factor deficiencies, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or sarcoidosis, or under treatment with warfarin. The plasmas of 21 mammalian species tested appeared to contain Fitzgerald factor activity, but those of two avian, two repitilian, and one amphibian species did not correct the coagulant defect in Fitzgerald trait plasmas.  (+info)

Stabilization of poly-L-lysine/DNA polyplexes for in vivo gene delivery to the liver. (2/43764)

We are developing a self-assembling non-viral in vivo gene delivery vehicle based on poly-l-lysine and plasmid DNA. We have characterized poly-l-lysines of different chain lengths for DNA condensation and strength of DNA binding. Poly-l-lysine chains >20 residues bound DNA efficiently in physiological saline, while shorter chains did not. Attachment of asialoorosomucoid to PLL increased the PLL chain length required for efficient DNA binding in saline and for efficient DNA condensation. By electron microscopy, poly-l-lysine/DNA polyplexes appeared as toroids 25-50 nm in diameter or rods 40-80 nm long; conjugation of asialoorosomucoid to the polylysine component increased the size of resulting polyplexes to 50-90 nm. In water, poly-l-lysine and asialoorosomucoid-PLL polyplexes have effective diameters of 46 and 87.6 nm, respectively. Polyplexes containing only poly-l-lysine and DNA aggregated in physiological saline at all charge ratios and aggregated at neutral charge ratios in water. Attachment of asialoorosomucoid lessened, but did not eliminate, the aggregation of PLL polyplexes, and did not result in efficient delivery of polyplexes to hepatocytes. Conjugation of polyethylene glycol to poly-l-lysine sterically stabilized resulting polyplexes at neutral charge ratios by shielding the surfaces. For efficient in vivo gene delivery, polyplexes will need to be sterically stabilized to prevent aggregation and interaction with serum components.  (+info)

Herpes virus induced proteasome-dependent degradation of the nuclear bodies-associated PML and Sp100 proteins. (3/43764)

The PML protein is associated to nuclear bodies (NBs) whose functions are as yet unknown. PML and two other NBs-associated proteins, Sp100 And ISG20 are directly induced by interferons (IFN). PML and Sp100 proteins are covalently linked to SUMO-1, and ubiquitin-like peptide. PML NBs are disorganized in acute promyelocytic leukemia and during several DNA virus infections. In particular, the HSV-1 ICP0 protein is known to delocalize PML from NBs. Thus, NBs could play an important role in oncogenesis, IFN response and viral infections. Here, we show that HSV-1 induced PML protein degradation without altering its mRNA level. This degradation was time- and multiplicity of infection-dependent. Sp100 protein was also degraded, while another SUMO-1 conjugated protein, RanGAP1 and the IFN-induced protein kinase PKR were not. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 abrogated the HSV-1-induced PML and Sp100 degradation and partially restored their NB-localization. HSV-1 induced PML and Sp100 degradation constitutes a new example of viral inactivation of IFN target gene products.  (+info)

Characterization and partial purification of a novel neutrophil membrane-associated kinase capable of phosphorylating the respiratory burst component p47phox. (4/43764)

The phosphorylation of p47phox is widely viewed as an important step in the activation of the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase system. The exact nature of the kinase(s) responsible remains to be elucidated. We show here that such a kinase was detected on neutrophil membranes activated by either PMA or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. This enzyme is not intrinsic to the neutrophil membrane and could be eluted with 0.5 M NaCl. The kinase activity was partially purified and was found not to be due to the presence of previously suggested kinases, including protein kinase C isotypes, mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase B. Gel filtration and renaturation in substrate gels suggest a molecular mass of between 45 and 51 kDa. The kinase activity was independent of calcium and lipids but was potently inhibited by staurosporine. Treatment with protein phosphatase 2Ac suggested that the kinase was activated by serine/threonine phosphorylation. Phosphopeptide maps indicated that the kinase phosphorylated p47phox on similar sites to those found in vivo. These results indicate that activation of neutrophils by PMA results in the activation of a membrane-associated kinase that may play a part in the regulation of neutrophil NADPH oxidase through its ability to phosphorylate p47phox.  (+info)

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0B is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. (5/43764)

Complement receptor 2 (CR2) is important in the regulation of the B lymphocyte response; the regulation of its expression is therefore of central importance. We recently reported that a 42 kDa heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the human CR2 gene [Tolnay, Lambris and Tsokos (1997) J. Immunol. 159, 5492-5501]. We cloned the cDNA encoding this protein and found it to be identical with hnRNP D0B, a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein. By using a set of mutated oligonucleotides, we demonstrated that the recombinant hnRNP D0B displays sequence specificity for double-stranded oligonucleotide defined by the CR2 promoter. We conducted electrophoretic mobility-shift assays to estimate the apparent Kd of hnRNP D0B for the double-stranded DNA motif and found it to be 59 nM. Interestingly, hnRNP D0B displayed affinities of 28 and 18 nM for the sense and anti-sense strands of the CR2 promoter-defined oligonucleotide respectively. The significantly greater binding affinity of hnRNP D0B for single-stranded DNA than for double-stranded DNA suggests that the protein might melt the double helix. The intranuclear concentration of sequence-specific protein was estimated to be 250-400 nM, indicating that the protein binds to the CR2 promoter in vivo. Co-precipitation of a complex formed in vivo between hnRNP D0B and the TATA-binding protein demonstrates that hnRNP D0B interacts with the basal transcription apparatus. Our results suggest a new physiological role for hnRNP D0B that involves binding to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences in a specific manner and functioning as a transcription factor.  (+info)

The endosome fusion regulator early-endosomal autoantigen 1 (EEA1) is a dimer. (6/43764)

EEA1, an early-endosomal protein originally identified as an autoantigen, is essential for endocytic membrane fusion. It interacts with early endosomes via binding to the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) and the active form of the small GTPase Rab5. Most of the EEA1 sequence contains heptad repeats characteristic of proteins involved in coiled-coil protein-protein interactions. Here we have investigated the ability of EEA1 to self-interact. Crosslinking of cytosolic and recombinant EEA1 resulted in the disappearance of the 180-kDa monomer in SDS/PAGE and the strong appearance of a approximately 350-kDa crosslinked product. Glycerol gradient centrifugation experiments indicated that native EEA1 had the same hydrodynamic properties as the approximately 350-kDa crosslinked complex. Two-hybrid analysis indicated that N- and C-terminal fragments of EEA1 can interact with themselves, but not with each other, suggesting that EEA1 forms parallel coiled-coil dimers. The ability of the C-terminus of EEA1 to dimerize correlates with its ability to bind to Rab5 and early endosomes, whereas its binding to PtdIns3P is independent of dimerization. These data enable us to propose a model for the quaternary structure of EEA1.  (+info)

A 55-kilodalton immunodominant antigen of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50 has arisen via horizontal gene transfer. (7/43764)

A 55-kDa outer membrane protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50 is a significant target of the serum immunoglobulin G antibody response of periodontal disease patients and hence may play an important role in host-bacterium interactions in periodontal disease. The gene encoding the 55-kDa antigen (ragB, for receptor antigen B) was isolated on a 9.5-kb partial Sau3AI fragment of P. gingivalis W50 chromosomal DNA in pUC18 by immunoscreening with a monoclonal antibody to this antigen. The 1.6-kb open reading frame (ORF) encoding RagB was located via subcloning and nested-deletion analysis. Sequence analysis demonstrated the presence of an upstream 3.1-kb ORF (ragA) which is cotranscribed with ragB. A number of genetic characteristics suggest that the ragAB locus was acquired by a horizontal gene transfer event. These include a significantly reduced G+C content relative to that of the P. gingivalis chromosome (42 versus 48%) and the presence of mobility elements flanking this locus in P. gingivalis W50. Furthermore, Southern blotting and PCR analyses showed a restricted distribution of this locus in laboratory and clinical isolates of this bacterium. The association of ragAB+ P. gingivalis with clinical status was examined by PCR analysis of subgingival samples. ragAB+ was not detected in P. gingivalis-positive shallow pockets from periodontal disease patients but was present in 36% of the P. gingivalis-positive samples from deep pockets. These data suggest that the ragAB locus was acquired by certain P. gingivalis strains via horizontal gene transfer and that the acquisition of this locus may facilitate the survival of these strains at sites of periodontal destruction.  (+info)

Role of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase cascade in human neutrophil killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans and in migration. (8/43764)

Killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans by neutrophils involves adherence of the microorganisms, phagocytosis, and a collaborative action of oxygen reactive species and components of the granules. While a number of intracellular signalling pathways have been proposed to regulate neutrophil responses, the extent to which each pathway contributes to the killing of S. aureus and C. albicans has not been clearly defined. We have therefore examined the effect of blocking one such pathway, the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) cascade, using the specific inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase, PD98059, on the ability of human neutrophils to kill S. aureus and C. albicans. Our data demonstrate the presence of ERK2 and a 43-kDa form of ERK but not ERK1 in human neutrophils. Upon stimulation with formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fMLP), the activities of both ERK2 and the 43-kDa form were stimulated. Despite abrogating the activity of both ERK forms, PD98059 only slightly reduced the ability of neutrophils to kill S. aureus or C. albicans. This is consistent with our finding that PD98059 had no effect on neutrophil adherence or degranulation, although pretreatment of neutrophils with PD98059 inhibited fMLP-stimulated superoxide production by 50%, suggesting that a change in superoxide production per se is not strictly correlated with microbicidal activity. However, fMLP-stimulated chemokinesis was markedly inhibited, while random migration and fMLP-stimulated chemotaxis were partially inhibited, by PD98059. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that the ERK cascade plays only a minor role in the microbicidal activity of neutrophils and that the ERK cascade is involved primarily in regulating neutrophil migration in response to fMLP.  (+info)

ASTM D4001 - 13 Standard Test Method for Determination of Weight-Average Molecular Weight of Polymers By Light ScatteringASTM D4001 - 13 Standard Test Method for Determination of Weight-Average Molecular Weight of Polymers By Light Scattering
D4001 - 13 Standard Test Method for Determination of Weight-Average Molecular Weight of Polymers By Light Scattering , light scattering, polymers, weight-average molecular weight,
Modeling molecular weight distribution, vinyl content and branching in the reactive extrusion of high density polyethyleneModeling molecular weight distribution, vinyl content and branching in the reactive extrusion of high density polyethylene
In this work, we present a generalization of our previous model, which allows us to account for the entire molecular weight distribution, as well as the long-chain branching. We develop a deeper insight into the vinyl group distribution among the molecules given the operating conditions of the modification process. We focus on the modification taking place in a press at constant temperature, under conditions where scission is not measurable. II. MATHEMATICAL MODEL We develop a set of mass balances for the reacting species where the different lengths, number of vinyls and number of branching points are taken into account. A triple moment technique was used to calculate number and weight average molecular weights as well as average number of branching points for species having j vinyls, j=0, 1, 2 To calculate molecular weight distributions we apply another transform technique that makes use of probability generating function (pgf) definitions applied to the number and weight MWD, following the ...
Influence Of Molecular Weight Distribution on The Melt Extrusion Of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE): Effects Of Melt...Influence Of Molecular Weight Distribution on The Melt Extrusion Of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE): Effects Of Melt...
The influence of molecular weight distribution and extrusion processing variables on the morphological features and orientation of high density polyethylene (HDPE) uniaxially extruded tubular films was investigated. In order to gain a better understanding of the orientation-crystallization behavior occurring during extrusion processing, the melt flow properties of the two HDPE resins with identical (14 600) values but different molecular weight distributions (/ = 10.3, 15.1), utilized in our previous study, were characterized by dynamic rheological experiments over the temperature range from 150 degrees C to 230 degrees C within the angular frequency range from 0.1 to 100 rad/s. The experimental data were shifted to produce master flow curves. The how activation energy calculated from the shifting process was found to be 25.9 kJ/mol for resin 1 and 29.1 kJ/mol for resin 2. The characteristic relaxation time at 190 degrees C obtained by use of a ...
IJMS | Free Full-Text | How Does the Preparation of Rye Porridge Affect Molecular Weight Distribution of Extractable Dietary...IJMS | Free Full-Text | How Does the Preparation of Rye Porridge Affect Molecular Weight Distribution of Extractable Dietary...
Extractable dietary fiber (DF) plays an important role in nutrition. This study on porridge making with whole grain rye investigated the effect of rest time of flour slurries at room temperature before cooking and amount of flour and salt in the recipe on the content of DF components and molecular weight distribution of extractable fructan, mixed linkage (1→3)(1→4)-β-D-glucan (β-glucan) and arabinoxylan (AX) in the porridge. The content of total DF was increased (from about 20% to 23% of dry matter) during porridge making due to formation of insoluble resistant starch. A small but significant increase in the extractability of β-glucan (P = 0.016) and AX (P = 0.002) due to rest time was also noted. The molecular weight of extractable fructan and AX remained stable during porridge making. However, incubation of the rye flour slurries at increased temperature resulted in a significant decrease in extractable AX molecular weight. The molecular weight of extractable β-glucan decreased greatly during
Macrophage Suppression By a Low Molecular Weight Fraction of Murine Sp by Glenda Gayle Allen-Abbott"Macrophage Suppression By a Low Molecular Weight Fraction of Murine Sp" by Glenda Gayle Allen-Abbott
Macrophage suppression has been shown to be mediated by a unique, low molecular weight fraction of murine serum. The present investigation involves the in vitro production of this macrophage modulator (suppressor) by Concanavalin A-stimulated spleen cells. Spleen cell culture supernatant containing macrophage suppressor factor (MSF) caused a significant decrease in in vitro phagocytosis of Listeria monocytogenes by non-elicited peritoneal macrophages. The molecular weight of MSF was determined by ultrafiltration to be less than 10,000, and the modulating activity of MSF was not altered by heating at 100°C for 30 minutes or freezing at -70°C for six months. MSF is resistant to treatment with Pronase E, but is, however, sensitive to acid hydrolysis. Activity of MSF in spleen cell culture supernatants from normal mice does not differ from supernatants from mice immunized with L. monocytogenes. It was therefore concluded that MSF is not affected by antigenic stimulation and is apparently produced
A Single System for the Characterization of Molecular Weight Distribution and Additives in Polymers : WatersA Single System for the Characterization of Molecular Weight Distribution and Additives in Polymers : Waters
In this study, we show how the combining an ACQUITY Advanced Polymer Chromatography (APC) System combined with a 2414 Refractive Index (RI) Detector and ACQUITY QDa Mass Detector can be used to simultaneously measure polymer molecular weight distribution and polymer additive detection.
Extended Fujita approach to the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides and other polymeric systems<...Extended Fujita approach to the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides and other polymeric systems<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Extended Fujita approach to the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides and other polymeric systems. AU - Harding, Stephen E.. AU - Schuck, Peter. AU - Abdelhameed, Ali Saber. AU - Adams, Gary. AU - Kök, M. Samil. AU - Morris, Gordon A.. PY - 2011/5. Y1 - 2011/5. N2 - In 1962 H. Fujita (H. Fujita, Mathematical Theory of Sedimentation Analysis, Academic Press, New York, 1962) examined the possibility of transforming a quasi-continuous distribution g(s) of sedimentation coefficient s into a distribution f(M) of molecular weight M for linear polymers using the relation f(M)=g(s)·(ds/dM) and showed that this could be done if information about the relation between s and M is available from other sources. Fujita provided the transformation based on the scaling relation s=κsM0.5, where κs is taken as a constant for that particular polymer and the exponent 0.5 essentially corresponds to a randomly coiled polymer under ideal conditions. This method has been successfully ...
Improved molecular weight analysis of streptococcal hyaluronic acid by size exclusion chromatography - UQ eSpaceImproved molecular weight analysis of streptococcal hyaluronic acid by size exclusion chromatography - UQ eSpace
Four size exclusion chromatography (SEC) calibration techniques were tested for use in the molecular weight characterisation of Streptococcal Hyaluronic Acid (HA). An exponential equation, evaluated using the Hamielec method, was superior to the customary peak position method. It provided the most accurate estimates of the weight average molecular weight, Mw. The calibration was valid for HA in the range 800 - 2500 kDa, and permitted the calculation of both polydispersity and molecular weight distributions for HA from Streptococcal fermentations. This exponential calibration approach should have application in the characterisation of other large biopolymers, particularly where pore size of available SEC media is limiting ...
Modelling and control of molecular weight distribution for a polycondensation process - StrathprintsModelling and control of molecular weight distribution for a polycondensation process - Strathprints
A mathematical model is developed for the molecular weight distribution (IMWD) of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polycondensation process based on the reaction mechanisms and the operating conditions. It employs the logical combination of the reaction extent method, the moment method and the statistical fitting technique. An optimization scheme is then discussed on the tracking of the desired MWD during the polymerization process.. ...
Evaluation of molecular weight distribution from dynamic moduli | SpringerLinkEvaluation of molecular weight distribution from dynamic moduli | SpringerLink
A method to evaluate molecular weight distribution (MWD) from dynamic moduli is presented here. It relies on the least-square fitting of the dynamic data to a model whose parameters depend on the...
Poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) containing multiphase systemsPoly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) containing multiphase systems
This research is focused on the polymerization of 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline homopolymers and 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline containing copolymers with well-defined structures. In addition, the potential of selected materials as polymer blend compatibilizers was briefly evaluated. The polymerization of 2-alkyl-2-oxazoline was investigated with regard to the effects of initiator structures on molecular weight control and molecular weight distribution, living characteristics, and mechanisms and kinetics. The structure of initiators was shown to greatly affect the molecular weight control and molecular weight distribution of poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). The living nature of poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) in chlorobenzene initiated by benzyl iodide, benzyl chloride/NaI, or chloroethyl ethyl ether/NaI has been established by Mn-conversion plots and sequential monomer addition experiments. However, the molecular weight distributions of these polymers were not as narrow as Poisson distributions, Mechanistic and kinetic ...
Molecular weight determination of two genetically linked cell surface by rogers A. Matossian, P Rogers et al."Molecular weight determination of two genetically linked cell surface " by rogers A. Matossian, P Rogers et al.
Matossian, rogers A.; Rogers, P; Ledbetter, J A.; and Herzenberg, L A., "Molecular weight determination of two genetically linked cell surface murine antigens: thb and ly-6." (1982). Subject Strain Bibliography 1982. 534 ...
Patent US6207746 - Process for production of thermoplastic polymer composition - Google PatentsPatent US6207746 - Process for production of thermoplastic polymer composition - Google Patents
A process for producing a thermoplastic polymer composition comprising: (1) 100 parts by weight of an olefin polymer which comprises ethylene and at least one α-olefin having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and in which the density is in the range of 0.85 to 0.91 g/cm3 and the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) which is the ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) as calculated by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is less than 3.5, (2) 5 to 300 parts by weight of a propylene polymer, (3) 5 to 250 parts by weight of an oil, and (4) 0.02 to 3 parts by weight of a radical initiator, which process comprises steps of previously mixing and heat-kneading the olefin polymer, the propylene polymer and the radical initiator; adding the oil in the stage in which cross-linking is at a proportion of 30 to 95% based on the cross-linking degree of the composition to be finally obtained; and further melt-kneading them to cross-link the same.
EPO - T 0375/11 (Coating compositions/DSM) of 6.9.2013EPO - T 0375/11 (Coating compositions/DSM) of 6.9.2013
Summary of Facts and Submissions. I. European patent No. 1 328 591, filed as application number 01 974 468.9, based on the international application published as WO 02/33008, was granted on the basis twenty-three claims. Claim 1 as granted reads as follows (emphasis added):. 1. An aqueous coating composition comprising:. an ambient temperature crosslinkable water-dispersible polyester oligomer(s) less than 80% by weight soluble in water throughout the pH range of from 2 to 10, with a measured weight average molecular weight in the range of from 1,000 to 100,000 Daltons; and. a dispersed polymer(s) which is not a polyester oligomer, the dispersed polymer(s) having a lower limit of 10% by weight, with a measured weight average molecular weight ,=120,000 Daltons;. wherein said composition when drying to form a coating has the following properties:. i) an open time of at least 20 minutes at 23±2ºC;. ii) a wet edge time of at least 10 minutes at 23±2ºC;. iii) a thumb hard time of ,=48 hours at ...
Patent US5066698 - Coating composition of an acrylic polymer, a crosslinking agent and a silane ... - Google PatentsPatent US5066698 - Coating composition of an acrylic polymer, a crosslinking agent and a silane ... - Google Patents
A high solids coating composition useful as a clear coat for an automotive clear coat/color coat finish which contains about 40-80% by weight of a binder and correspondingly about 20-60% by of a liquid organic carrier; wherein the binder contains about: a. an acrylic solution polymer of polymerized monomers of ethylenically unsaturated esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and a hydroxy alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and the polymer has a hydroxyl no. of about 50-200 and a weight average molecular weight of about 4,000-20,000; b. a dispersed polymer of polymerized monomers having stabilizer resin segment that is soluble in the organic carrier and dispersed resin segment that is relatively insoluble in the organic carrier; c. a siloxane oligomer having --OH and --OR groups attached to the silane atoms of the oligomer where R is an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group or an aryl group and the oligomer has a weight average molecular weight of about 500-5,000; and d. an alkylated
oxidation of catechol in plants iv. purification and properties of the 3,4,3,4-tetrahydroxydiphenyl-forming enzyme system...oxidation of catechol in plants iv. purification and properties of the 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydroxydiphenyl-forming enzyme system...
Acetone powders prepared from leaf extracts of Tecoma stans L. were found to catalyze the oxidation of catechol to 3,4,3,4-tetrahydroxydiphenyl. Fractionation of the acetone powders obtained from Tecoma leaves with acetone, negative adsorption of the acetone fraction with tricalcium phosphate gel, and chromatography of the gel supernatant on DEAE-Sephadex yielded a 68-fold purified enzyme with 66% recovery. The enzyme had an optimum pH around 7.2. It showed a temperature optimum of 30° and the Km for catechol was determined as 2 x 10-4 m. The purified enzyme moved as a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Its activity was found to be partially stimulated by Mg2+. The reaction was not inhibited by o-phenanthroline and agr,agr-dipyridyl. The purified enzyme was highly insensitive to a range of copper-chelating agents. It was not affected appreciably by thiol inhibitors. The reaction was found to be suppressed to a considerable extent by reducing agents like GSH, cysteine, ...
Patente WO2012088235A2 - Olefin-based polymers and dispersion polymerizations - Google PatentesPatente WO2012088235A2 - Olefin-based polymers and dispersion polymerizations - Google Patentes
The invention provides a polymerization process comprising polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising one or more monomer types, at least one catalyst, and at least one solvent, to form a polymer dispersion, and wherein the at least one catalyst is soluble in the at least one solvent, and wherein the polymer forms a dispersed phase in the solvent, and wherein the at least one solvent is a hydrocarbon. The invention provides a composition comprising an ethylene-based polymer comprising at least the following properties: a) a weight average molecular weight (Mw(abs)) greater than, or equal to, 60,000 g/mole; and b) a molecular weight distribution (Mw(abs)/Mn(abs)) greater than, or equal to, 2.3.
VAMW - Viscosity Average Molecular Weight | AcronymAtticVAMW - Viscosity Average Molecular Weight | AcronymAttic
How is Viscosity Average Molecular Weight abbreviated? VAMW stands for Viscosity Average Molecular Weight. VAMW is defined as Viscosity Average Molecular Weight very rarely.
Physicochemical and Structural Analysis of Polymers as Putative Drugs by Meghan L. Thompson"Physicochemical and Structural Analysis of Polymers as Putative Drugs" by Meghan L. Thompson
Sulfated low molecular weight lignins (LMWLs) have shown good activity as anticoagulants by allosterically inhibiting thrombin, as well as promising agents for treating emphysema through inhibition of elastolysis, oxidation, and inflammation. Sulfated LMWLs are chemo-enzymatically synthesized from starting monomers caffeic, ferulic, and sinapic acid into sulfated dehydropolymers known as CDS, FDS, and SDS. To further the LMWLs development as drugs, their structural composition and physicochemical characteristics were defined in this work. The molecular weight distribution profile of the sulfated LMWLs from size exclusion chromatography performed on a high pressure liquid chromatography system (SEC-HPLC) changed from bimodal when no surfactant is used in the mobile phase of the HPLC to unimodal when surfactant is used in the mobile phase. This indicates that some large molecular weight species, likely an aggregate of smaller molecular weight chains, are disrupted when surfactant is present. The
Generation of well-relaxed all-atom models of large molecular weight polymer melts: A hybrid particle-continuum approach based...Generation of well-relaxed all-atom models of large molecular weight polymer melts: A hybrid particle-continuum approach based...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Generation of well-relaxed all-atom models of large molecular weight polymer melts: A hybrid particle-continuum approach based on particle-field molecular dynamics simulations. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Transformation-sensitive protein with molecular weight of 45,000 secreted by mouse fibroblasts. | IRIS Uni TorinoTransformation-sensitive protein with molecular weight of 45,000 secreted by mouse fibroblasts. | IRIS Uni Torino
The [35S]methionine-labeled proteins released in the medium conditioned by normal and transformed mouse fibroblasts have been analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Three major proteins, fibronectin, procollagens, and a protein with a molecular weight of 45,000 (45K protein) have been identified. The 45K protein, which has not yet been described, accounts for about 30% of the proteins released by control 3T3 fibroblasts or mouse embryo cultures. Quantitation of the radioactivity incorporated by the 45K protein indicated a 10- to 15-fold decrease in 3T3 fibroblasts transformed by Kirsten, Abelson, or Rous sarcoma viruses. The amounts of fibronectin and procollagens released in the medium by transformed cells were also reduced by factors of 3- and 5-fold, respectively. Pulse chase experiments have shown that the decreased level of the 45K protein in the medium of transformed cells cannot be explained by a reduced rate of secretion or by extracellular proteolytic ...
Export Data and Price of HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN | www.eximpulse.comExport Data and Price of HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN | www.eximpulse.com
Export Data And Price Of HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN , www.eximpulse.com Eximpulse Services is the place where you can find the recent and updated Trade intelligence report of HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN Export Data. Whole information is based on updated Export shipment data of Indian Customs. All the compilation is done on the basis of All India ports data and has been done on daily basis. This helps you to get all India HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN Export data. You can find previous two days HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN Export data on Eximpulse Services. HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN Export data can be useful in different kind of analysis such as: Export price, Quantity, market scenarios, Price trends, Duty optimization and many more. Some Sample Shipment records for HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RESIN Export Data of India are mentioned above. Further for Free sample and pricing of detailed reports contact on [email protected] Data post 2012 as per Notification No.18/2012 - Customs(N.T.) and does not ...
The purification and properties of two low-molecular-weight proteins r by H M. Dahl, E Truelsen et al."The purification and properties of two low-molecular-weight proteins r" by H M. Dahl, E Truelsen et al.
Dahl, H M.; Truelsen, E; and Blair, G E., "The purification and properties of two low-molecular-weight proteins required for the initiation of translation in ascites tumour cells." (1977). Subject Strain Bibliography 1977. 1411 ...
Molecular Weight Determination (EXP-201P) | Modern Biology Inc. Creative Experiments used in teaching labs of College and...Molecular Weight Determination (EXP-201P) | Modern Biology Inc. Creative Experiments used in teaching labs of College and...
A first step in characterizing a protein often involves determining its molecular weight. From this information, different proteins may be compared and the number of amino acid residues in a protein can be determined. Here, students determine the molecular weight of two unknown proteins by comparing their electrophoretic migration with the migration of standard proteins. The protein standards and unknowns have been pre-stained so that your students can follow ...
Patente US5089321 - Multilayer polyolefinic film structures having improved heat seal ... - Google PatentesPatente US5089321 - Multilayer polyolefinic film structures having improved heat seal ... - Google Patentes
Multilayer thermoplastic film structures comprising at least one heat-sealable outer layer (A) and at least one core layer (B) are disclosed. Layer (A) has improved heat sealability after irradiation (e.g. electron beam). Layer (B) has improved shrinkage after irradiation. Layer (A) is a linear polyethylene having a melt index from about 2 to about 20 g/10 minutes, a density from about 0.88 to about 0.92 g/cc, a molecular weight distribution (I10 /I2) from about 5 to about 8, a fraction of the polyethylene having a degree of branching less than or equal to 2 methyls/1000 carbons of not more than 15% by weight and a fraction of the polyethylene having a degree of branching greater than or equal to 25 methyls/1000 carbons of not more than 25% by weight of the polymer. Layer (B) is a linear polyethylene having a melt index from about 0.05 to about 5 g/10 minutes, a density from about 0.88 to about 0.94 g/cc and a molecular weight distribution (I10 /I2) from about 8 to about 30.
Nominal Molecular Weight Distributions of Color, TOC, TTHM, Precursors by Jalil Fouroozi"Nominal Molecular Weight Distributions of Color, TOC, TTHM, Precursors" by Jalil Fouroozi
This research investigated the relationships between molecular size and the TOC, TTHM, acid strength and color concentrations present in raw and coagulated water from Lake Washington. Three separate coagulants were utilized for investigation. There were: Al, Fe and Mg. Results indicated that the majority of the TOC, color and TTHM precursors were in the colloidal size range and removed by coagulation. The remaining TTHM precursors are mostly molecular and require a process other than coagulation for removal from the potable water before environmental standards are met.
Indian Patents. 211699:MIXED TITANIUM-VANADIUM CATALYSTS FOR SOLUTION ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION.Indian Patents. 211699:MIXED TITANIUM-VANADIUM CATALYSTS FOR SOLUTION ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION.
The process of the present invention may be used to prepare homopolymers of ethylene and copolymers of ethylene and higher alpha olefins having densities in the range of, for example, about 0.900-0.970 g/cm3 and especially 0.910-0.965 g/cm3; the polymers of higher density e.g. about 0.960 and above being homopolymers. Such polymers may have a melt index, as measured by the method of ASTM D-1238, condition E, in the range of for example, 0.1-200 dg/min, typically from about 0.1 to 150 dg/min., and especially in the range of about 0.1 to 120 dg/min. The polymers may be manufactured with narrow or broad molecular weight distribution. For example, the polymers may have a stress exponent, a measure of the molecular weight distribution, in the range of about 1.1-2.5 and especially in the range of about 1.3-2.0. Stress exponent is determined by measuring the throughput of a melt indexer at two stresses (2160 g and 6480 g loading) using the procedures of the ASTM melt index test method, and the ...
EPO - T 0778/16 () of 7.3.2019EPO - T 0778/16 () of 7.3.2019
Summary of Facts and Submissions. I. The appeal lies against the decision of the opposition division posted on 25 January 1016 revoking European patent No. 1 453 911.. II. The decision of the opposition division to revoke European patent EP 1 453 911 was based on the claims as granted as the main request, on the first to eighth auxiliary requests filed with letter of 15 October 2015 and on the ninth auxiliary request filed during the oral proceedings before the opposition division on 15 December 2015.. Claim 1 of the main request read:. 1. A process for the preparation of polyethylene resins having a narrow molecular weight distribution that comprises essentially the steps of:. (i) providing a first metallocene-produced linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE) resin having a density of from 0.920 to 0.940 g/cm**(3)_a MI2 of from 0.05 to 2 g/10 min and a molecular weight distribution in the range of from 2 to 4.5;. (ii) providing a second high density polyethylene (HDPE) prepared either with a ...
July | 2017 | Natural ProductsJuly | 2017 | Natural Products
The HPSEC-RI elution profiles of ethanol precipitated WE-AX isolated from flours and breads are shown in Fig. 3. The high molecular weight (HMW). polysaccharides present in the endosperm flours of population rye cultivars (Amilo, Diament and Kier) eluted as the single, sharp and symmetric populations in the high molar mass range of the column (11-14 ml). click here Amongst endosperm flour AX of hybrid rye cultivars, only polymers isolated from Koko cultivar had a similar distribution pattern to those of population ryes, with slightly broader distribution. The remaining profiles of AX from endosperm flour of hybrid cultivars (Stach and Konto) and from wholemeals of population cultivars, apart from the HMW populations also contained the low molecular weight (LMW) polymers, eluting at 14.5-17.5 ml. The high-symmetry peaks of endosperm flour AX (Amilo, Diament, Kier and Koko) were ascribed to their highest weight-average molecular weights (Mw) and intrinsic viscosity ([η]) ( Table 2). While, the ...
Grafting-modified cyclic polymer, process for producing the same, and curable composition - Patent # 7358307 - PatentGeniusGrafting-modified cyclic polymer, process for producing the same, and curable composition - Patent # 7358307 - PatentGenius
A graft polymer containing a cyclic structure comprised of a polymer containing a cyclic structure graft-modified with an unsaturated compound containing a polar group, having a graft ratio of 10 to 150 mol %, having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000, and having a gel content of not more than 0.1 wt % or having a ratio (Ha/La) of high molecular weight side area (Ha) and low molecular weight side area (La) divided by a vertical line suspended from a peak top of a differentiated elution profile measured by gel permeation chromatography to a baseline of not more than 1.6, a method of production of the same, and a curable composition containing that graft polymer containing a cyclic structure and a curing agent.
Biogenesis of mitochondrial ubiquinolBiogenesis of mitochondrial ubiquinol
The precursor proteins to the subunits of ubiquinol:cytochrome c reductase (cytochrome bc1 complex) of Neurospora crassa were synthesized in a reticulocyte lysate. These precursors were immunoprecipitated with antibodies prepared against the individual subunits and compared to the mature subunits immunoprecipitated or isolated from mitochondria. Most subunits were synthesized as precursors with larger apparent molecular weights (subunits I, 51,500 versus 50,000; subunit II, 47,500 versus 45,000; subunit IV (cytochrome c1), 38,000 versus 31,000; subunit V (Fe-S protein), 28,000 versus 25,000; subunit VII, 12,000 versus 11,500; subunit VIII, 11,600 versus 11,200). Subunit VI (14,000) was synthesized with the same apparent molecular weight. The post-translational transfer of subunits I, IV, V, and VII was studied in an in vitro system employing reticulocyte lysate and isolated mitochondria. The transfer and proteolytic processing of these precursors was found to be dependent on the mitochondrial ...
An experimental approach of the effects of molecular weight on flow-induced crystallization<...An experimental approach of the effects of molecular weight on flow-induced crystallization<...
TY - GEN. T1 - An experimental approach of the effects of molecular weight on flow-induced crystallization. AU - Swartjes, F.H.M.. AU - Peters, G.W.M.. AU - Rastogi, S.. AU - Meijer, H.E.H.. N1 - Conference code: 15. PY - 1999. Y1 - 1999. M3 - Conference contribution. BT - Polymer Processing Society : annual meeting, 15th, s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands, May 31 - June 4, 1999 : proceedings. A2 - Anderson, P.D.. A2 - Kruijt, P.G.M.. PB - Polymer Processing Society. T2 - 15th Annual Meeting of the Polymer Processing Society (PPS-15). Y2 - 31 May 1999 through 4 June 1999. ER - ...
Effects of crystallinity and molecular weight on crack behavior in crystalline poly(L-lactic acid) - Nurkhamidah - 2011 -...Effects of crystallinity and molecular weight on crack behavior in crystalline poly(L-lactic acid) - Nurkhamidah - 2011 -...
Nurkhamidah, S. and Woo, E. M. (2011), Effects of crystallinity and molecular weight on crack behavior in crystalline poly(L-lactic acid). J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 122: 1976-1985. doi: 10.1002/app.34021 ...
US Patent for Aqueous coating compositions containing flatting agents and low molecular weight polyethers Patent (Patent # 4...US Patent for Aqueous coating compositions containing flatting agents and low molecular weight polyethers Patent (Patent # 4...
Aqueous coating compositions consist essentially of: (a) a water-insoluble film-forming polymeric resin; (b) water-insoluble agglomerated particulate beads of urea, melamine or phenol and formaldehyde; (c) polyethers having the formulaH(OC.sub.x H.sub.2x).sub.n OHwhere x is from 2 to 4 and n is a number such that the polyether has a weight average molecular weight of from about 200 to about 1000; (d) pigments; and (e) water. The aqueous coating compositions are especially useful for imparting to metal coil a low gloss pigmented protective finish having good metal marking resistance.
Identification of thrombospondin as a high molecular mass protein released from activated equine plateletsIdentification of thrombospondin as a high molecular mass protein released from activated equine platelets
Lipscomb, D.L.; Boudreaux, M.K.; Paxton, R.; Spano, J.; Welles, E.G.; Schumacher, J., 1997: Identification of thrombospondin as a high molecular mass protein released from activated equine platelets
Purification and characterization of adenylate cyclase from Escherichia coli K12.Purification and characterization of adenylate cyclase from Escherichia coli K12.
Yang J.K., Epstein W.. Adenylate cyclase of Escherichia coli K12 has been purified 17,000-fold to near homogeneity from a 5-fold overproducing strain. One major band of Mr = 92,000 and several minor bands are seen on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis of the purest fractions. Identification of the enzyme with the 92,000-Da protein is based on the correlation of this band with activity when highly purified enzyme is eluted from ADP-sepharose columns. The native enzyme has a molecular weight of 95,000 determined by gel filtration, showing that the enzyme is active as a monomer. The purest enzyme has a specific activity of 700 nmol min-1 mg-1, indicating a turnover number of about 100 min-1. Our data indicate that there are only about 15 molecules of the enzyme in wild type cells of E. coli. In crude extracts, over 80% of the activity is soluble after centrifugation at 100,000 x g, indicating the enzyme is soluble or, at most, loosely membrane bound. The enzyme is only moderately ...
Molar Mass of Oxygen Essay Example for FreeMolar Mass of Oxygen Essay Example for Free
In analysis, our results show an unreasonable result. The majority of the failure is from the volume result. From Avogrados law we know that. As such, because the average volume (0.051 L) was low, the mol resulting from it is also low. A small mol results in a large Mr value, or in our case the Mr of Oxygen is too high.. -Another point to that is that if the experiment was assuming r.t.p, our results prove to be incorrect again. If we compared the mol, the actual mol results of andusing the ideal gas laws is different than if we calculated using normal Stoichiometry.. From Stoichiometry, the actual mol of is, and if we compared it to a ratio of 2:2, the actual mol value of is also 0.138 mol. However in our experiment using the gas law, our mol result was. Again this is due to the fact of the low amount of volume recorded.. -In addition to that point, from the section to: Calculate molar mass of Water using the mass of Hydrogen Peroxide , another flaw to the experiment was the amount of ...
Plus itPlus it
The [35S]methionine-labeled proteins released in the medium conditioned by normal and transformed mouse fibroblasts have been analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Three major proteins, fibronectin, procollagens, and a protein with a molecular weight of 45,000 (45K protein) have been identified. The 45K protein, which has not yet been described, accounts for about 30% of the proteins released by control 3T3 fibroblasts or mouse embryo cultures. Quantitation of the radioactivity incorporated by the 45K protein indicated a 10- to 15-fold decrease in 3T3 fibroblasts transformed by Kirsten, Abelson, or Rous sarcoma viruses. The amounts of fibronectin and procollagens released in the medium by transformed cells were also reduced by factors of 3- and 5-fold, respectively. Pulse chase experiments have shown that the decreased level of the 45K protein in the medium of transformed cells cannot be explained by a reduced rate of secretion or by extracellular proteolytic ...
Beiträge zur Struktur und Funktion des kleinen Säuger-Streßproteins HSP25 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wechselwirkung...Beiträge zur Struktur und Funktion des kleinen Säuger-Streßproteins HSP25 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wechselwirkung...
HSP25 is a member of the ubiquitous family of small heat shock proteins belonging to the big class of stress proteins. It is related to acquiring of cellular thermotolerance, can act as molecular chaperone, is able to inhibit polymerization of actin in vitro and can form high molecular weight complexes. In this thesis the isolation, structural and functional characteri-zation of this protein as well as its abundance in different tissues of rats suffering on patho-logical forms of hypertension is analyzed: · A method for rapid isolation of HSP25 out of Ehrlich-ascites-tumor (EAT) was estab-lished. From isolated HSP25 low and high molecular weight material could be obtained. · Analysis of high molecular weight complexes by means of electron microscopy and ana-lytical ultracentrifugation results in a structural model characterized by a cylindrical structure composed of four stacked rings each containing eight HSP25 monomers. · High-molecular weight complexes of recombinant HSP25 are organized as ...
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Undenatured Alcohol, Wholesale Various High Quality Undenatured Alcohol Products from Global Undenatured Alcohol Suppliers and Undenatured Alcohol Factory,Importer,Exporter at Alibaba.com.
RNA molecular weight determinations by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, a critical reexamination. - PubMed -...RNA molecular weight determinations by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, a critical reexamination. - PubMed -...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
SERVA VisiBlot Standard I › SERVA Electrophoresis GmbHSERVA VisiBlot Standard I › SERVA Electrophoresis GmbH
VisiBlot Standard I is a mixture of 10 recombinant proteins of a molecular weight range from 25 kDa to 150 kDa. Protein bands of 25 kDa, 45 kDa and 85 kDa are prestained allowing monitoring of protein separation during SDS PAGE. The remaining five proteins contain several IgG binding sites. Hence marker proteins bind to primary or secondary antibodies used in Western Blotting facilitating easy marker visualization on the transfer membrane. Because the proteins have no chromophore attached, the marker enables accurate molecular weight estimation. Recommended loading volume for a mini gel is 5 µl/lane. Ready-to-use, no reconstitution, further dilution or heating required Prestained bands for monitoring electrophoresis and membrane transfer Visualization of marker proteins on Western Blots by horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase-based immune-detection methods Molecular weight determination of proteins detected on transfer membrane
What is the molar mass of copper(l) nitrate, Cu(NO 3) 2? | SocraticWhat is the molar mass of copper(l) nitrate, Cu(NO 3) 2? | Socratic
The molar mass of CuNO_3 is 125.55 g/mol Based on the formula youve given me, that compound would actually be copper (II) nitrate. Copper (I) nitrate is CuNO_3 Before we begin heres a tip: atomic weight of element xxnumber of atoms given by subscript = molar mass First, you want to have your handy dandy periodic table available so you can determine the atomic weight of Cu, N, O Cu has an atomic weight of 63.55 g/mol N has an atomic weight of 14.01 g/mol O has an atomic wight of 16.00 g/mol Based on the chemical formula, we have 1 atom of Cu, which would have an atomic weight of 63.55 g/mol Next, we have 1 atoms of N, and that has an atomic mass of 14.01 g/mol You have 3 atoms of O so we would multiply the atomic mass of O by 3 to obtain 48.00 g/mol. Now you want to add the mass of each atom together to obtain the molecular weight of the entire compound: 63.55 g/mol + 14.01 g/mol + 48.00 g/mol = 125.55 g/mol
Fast molecular weight determination of plant cell wall oligosaccharides using off-line high performance anion exchange...Fast molecular weight determination of plant cell wall oligosaccharides using off-line high performance anion exchange...
Staff publications is the digital repository of Wageningen University & Research. Staff publications contains references to publications authored by Wageningen University staff from 1976 onward.. Publications authored by the staff of the Research Institutes are available from 1995 onwards.. Full text documents are added when available. The database is updated daily and currently holds about 240,000 items, of which 72,000 in open access.. We have a manual that explains all the features ...
concentration of low molecular weight proteinconcentration of low molecular weight protein
Alison Leakey wrote: , , How do I concentrate a low molecular weight protein (less than 5kDa) , from gel filtration fractions ie. dilute???, keeping in mind that , filtration devices and dialysis tubing concentrate above this size. Have you tried concentrating chromatographic techniques (reverse phase chromatography, ion exchange ...
Narrow MWD, compositionally optimized ethylene interpolymer composition, process for making the same and article made...Narrow MWD, compositionally optimized ethylene interpolymer composition, process for making the same and article made...
The present invention pertains to an ethylene interpolymer composition characterized as having a narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD) and optimized compositional uniformity, a process for making such a composition and a fabricated article made from such composition. The novel composition is characterized as having at least two polymer components, the first component having an ATREF peak temperature, T.sub.peak1 and a viscosity average molecular weight, M.sub.v1, and the second component having an ATREF peak temperature, T.sub.peak2, and a viscosity average molecular, M.sub.v2, wherein the temperature differential between T.sub.peak2 and T.sub.peak1 decreases with increased composition density and M.sub.v1 /M.sub.v2 is less than or equal to 1.2. The novel composition is further characterized as having a M.sub.w /M.sub.n of less than or equal to 3.3 as determined by gel permeation chromatography, an I.sub.10 /I.sub.2 |6.6, and a composition density
McCarran Ferguson Act financial definition of McCarran Ferguson ActMcCarran Ferguson Act financial definition of McCarran Ferguson Act
Definition of McCarran Ferguson Act in the Financial Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is McCarran Ferguson Act? Meaning of McCarran Ferguson Act as a finance term. What does McCarran Ferguson Act mean in finance?
Genes encoding multiple forms of phospholipase A2 are expressed in rat brain<...Genes encoding multiple forms of phospholipase A2 are expressed in rat brain<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genes encoding multiple forms of phospholipase A2 are expressed in rat brain. AU - Molloy, G Y. AU - Rattray, M. AU - Williams, Robert J. PY - 1998. Y1 - 1998. N2 - The polymerase chain reaction was utilized to determine which of six cloned phospholipase A2 (PLA2) messenger RNAs (mRNAs), encoding four distinct low molecular weight forms of secretory PLA2 (PLA2-IB, PLA2-IIA, PLA2-IIC and PLA2-V), a calcium-dependent high molecular weight PLA2 (PLA2-IV, cPLA2) and a calcium-independent high molecular weight PLA2 (PLA2-VI, iPLA2), were expressed in different regions of rat brain and in a number of peripheral tissues. Pancreatic PLA2-IB mRNA was not expressed in the brain. PLA2-IIA, PLA2-IV and PLA2-VI mRNAs appeared to be ubiquitously expressed in brain, with relatively similar levels detected in all regions. PLA2-IIC mRNA was expressed in all brain regions but not in any of the peripheral tissues studied. PLA2-V mRNA was found at low levels in most areas of the brain, but at very ...
Sodium Dodecylsulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis - Translation Field of Expertise | TM-TownSodium Dodecylsulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis - Translation Field of Expertise | TM-Town
Browse professional translators on TM-Town in the field of Sodium Dodecylsulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and language pair of Danish to Hungarian including the top 10 translators by translation units
Controlling alginate gel degradation utilizing partial oxidation and bimodal molecular weight distribution<...Controlling alginate gel degradation utilizing partial oxidation and bimodal molecular weight distribution<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Controlling alginate gel degradation utilizing partial oxidation and bimodal molecular weight distribution. AU - Boontheekul, Tanyarut. AU - Kong, Hyun Joon. AU - Mooney, David J.. PY - 2005/5/1. Y1 - 2005/5/1. N2 - Degradability is often a critical property of materials utilized in tissue engineering. Although alginate, a naturally derived polysaccharide, is an attractive material due to its biocompatibility and ability to form hydrogels, its slow and uncontrollable degradation can be an undesirable feature. In this study, we characterized gels formed using a combination of partial oxidation of polymer chains and a bimodal molecular weight distribution of polymer. Specifically, alginates were partially oxidized to a theoretical extent of 1% with sodium periodate, which created acetal groups susceptible to hydrolysis. The ratio of low MW to high MW alginates used to form gels was also varied, while maintaining the gel forming ability of the polymer. The rate of degradation was ...
Journal Highlight: Simultaneous measurement of the molecular weight distribution and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene content across...Journal Highlight: Simultaneous measurement of the molecular weight distribution and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene content across...
Simultaneous measurement of the molecular weight distribution and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene content across the molecular weight distribution of ethylenepropylenediene terpolymer via a new size exclusion chromatographyultravioletrefractive index method Journal of Applied Polymer Science , 2016, 133 , 43911 Z. Zhou, M. Janco, R. Cong, D. Lee, C. Li...
Molecular weight dependent vertical composition profiles of PCDTBT:PC71BM blends for organic photovoltaics. - White Rose...Molecular weight dependent vertical composition profiles of PCDTBT:PC71BM blends for organic photovoltaics. - White Rose...
We have used Soxhlet solvent purification to fractionate a broad molecular weight distribution of the polycarbazole polymer PCDTBT into three lower polydispersity molecular weight fractions. Organic photovoltaic devices were made using a blend of the fullerene acceptor PC71BM with the molecular weight fractions. An average power conversion efficiency of 5.89% (peak efficiency of 6.15%) was measured for PCDTBT blend devices with a number average molecular weight of Mn = 25.5 kDa. There was significant variation between the molecular weight fractions with low (Mn = 15.0 kDa) and high (Mn = 34.9 kDa) fractions producing devices with average efficiencies of 5.02% and 3.70% respectively. Neutron reflectivity measurements on these polymer:PC71BM blend layers showed that larger molecular weights leads to an increase in the polymer enrichment layer thickness at the anode interface, this improves efficiency up to a limiting point where the polymer solubility causes a reduction of the PCDTBT concentration ...
Improving polystyrene production with continuous flow chemistry - Syrris chemistry blogImproving polystyrene production with continuous flow chemistry - Syrris chemistry blog
The key aims of polystyrene production methods are high molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution, good productivity, and high conversion rates of the styrene monomer to polymer. The molecular weight distribution of styrene polymerization is one of the most important factors as this property affects the end products impact and tensile strength, brittleness, hardness, and softening temperature. Optimizing the molecular weight distribution - and maintaining it in scale-up - is particularly important to ensure reproducible polystyrene production at large scales.. Polystyrene production methods have remained largely unchanged since they were first used commercially in 1931. Traditionally, batch emulsion, solution, or suspension polymerization methods have been the preferred choice for polystyrene manufacture. These methods offer limited control in molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and the conversion of monomer to polymer but have the benefit of enabling easy scale-up. ...
Integrin Antagonists and Other Low Molecular Weight Compounds as Inhibitors of Angiogenesis New Drugs in Cancer Therapy.Integrin Antagonists and Other Low Molecular Weight Compounds as Inhibitors of Angiogenesis New Drugs in Cancer Therapy.
HIGHLIGHTS Integrin Antagonists and Other Low Molecular Weight Compounds as Inhibitors of Angiogenesis: New Drugs in Cancer Therapy** Athanassios Giannis* and Frank Riibsam Angiogenesis (neovascularization), the process by which new blood capillaries are formed from an already existing blood vessel, is of fundamental importance for a number of physiological and pathological events including embryogenesis, wound healing, chronic inflammation. and malignant processes.[] Due to the observation that an adequate blood supply is necessary for tumor growth, Folkman postulated in the early 1970s that inhibitors of angiogenesis are of potential use in cancer therapy.[] Subsequent investigations revealed that not only tumor growth but also tumor metastasis depends on angiogenesi~.[~] In recent years many endogenous regulators of angiogenesis have been isolated and identified. The most important positive regulators include growth factors like basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial ...
Allergy to grape: a case reportAllergy to grape: a case report
article{9ffe9df9-5a4c-440c-bdd1-534be5ba851a, abstract = {We report a case of a 5-year-old child who suffered an oral allergy syndrome and lip angiedema after eating grapes. We obtained a positive prick test with commercial grape extract and a positive prick-by-prick test with pulp and peel of fresh white grape (Moscatel variety) and pulp and peel of blue grape. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting revealed specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in the patients serum against a 94,000 molecular-weight antigenic band. Lip open challenge was positive.}, author = {Rodriguez, Angel and Trujillo, María Jesús and Matheu, Victor and Baeza, María Luisa and Zapatero, Lidia and Martinez, Maribel}, issn = {0905-6157}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, pages = {289--290}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, series = {Pediatric Allergy and Immunology}, title = {Allergy to grape: a case report}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.2001.00064.x}, volume ...
Background: Prawns and shrimp certainly are a regular cause of sea - GLO1 inhibitors for neuropsychiatricBackground: Prawns and shrimp certainly are a regular cause of sea - GLO1 inhibitors for neuropsychiatric
Background: Prawns and shrimp certainly are a regular cause of sea food allergy mediated by IgE antibodies. adjustments. Quickly the shell and meats of each varieties had been combined in 1 M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2) and extracted overnight in 4 °C under regular blending. The homogenates had been centrifuged at 14 000 rpm at 4 °C for a quarter-hour. The supernatants had been sterile-filtered lyophilised and kept at after that ?20 °C until make use of. For preparation of the boiled extracts the homogenates of the prawns were boiled for 5 minutes before extraction as described above. The protein concentration of each extract was decided using the Total Protein Kit (Sigma-Aldrich UK) and bovine serum albumin as a standard. SDS-PAGE of prawn extracts Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed as described by Nakano et al. (17) with some modifications. The samples of the extracts were heated at 97 °C for 4 minutes and Precision Plus Protein ...
Isolation of a new high molecular weight protein associated with desmin and vimentin filaments from avian embryonic skeletal...Isolation of a new high molecular weight protein associated with desmin and vimentin filaments from avian embryonic skeletal...
Filaments with a diameter of 80-120 Å have been prepared from 14-d-old chick embryonic skeletal muscle, using a physiological salt solution and gel filtration chromatography. The filaments obtained are composed of the two known muscle intermediate-filament proteins, vimentin and desmin, as well as the vimentin- and desmin-associated high molecular weight protein, synemin (230,000 mol. wt). In addition, they contain a previously unidentified high molecular weight protein (280,000 mol wt) which differs from synemin by isoelectric point, molecular weight, and immunological reactivity. Immunofluorescence on cultured myogenic cells,using antisera to the 280,000-dalton polypeptide, has revealed that this protein has the same spatial distribution as desmin, vimentin, and synemin in both early myotubes, where it associates with cytoplasmic filaments, and late in myotubes, where it is associated with myofibril Z lines. Examination by immunofluorescence of frozen sections of developing embryonic skeletal ...
Purification and properties of pantohenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens | Biochemical JournalPurification and properties of pantohenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens | Biochemical Journal
Pantothenase (EC 3.5.1.22) from Pseudomonas fluorescens UK-1 was purified to homogeneity as judged by disc-gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The purification procedure consisted of four steps: DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, hydroxyapatite chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA 34 was used to determine the molecular weight, and sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis to study the subunit molecular weight. The enzyme appeared to be composed of two subunits with mol.wts. of approx. 50000 each. The total mol.wt. of the enzyme was thus about 100000. The isoelectric point was 4.7 at 10 degrees C. ...
Molar mass - WikipediaMolar mass - Wikipedia
The molecular weight is very commonly used as a synonym of molar mass, particularly for molecular compounds; however, the most authoritative sources define it differently (see molecular mass). The formula weight is a synonym of molar mass that is frequently used for non-molecular compounds, such as ionic salts. The molar mass is an intensive property of the substance, that does not depend on the size of the sample. In the International System of Units (SI), the base unit of molar mass is kg/mol. However, for historical reasons, molar masses are almost always expressed in g/mol. The mole was defined in such as way that the molar mass of a compound, in g/mol, is numerically equal (for all practical purposes) to the average mass of one molecule, in daltons. Thus, for example, the average mass of a molecule of water is about 18.0153 daltons, and the molar mass of water is about 18.0153 g/mol. For chemical elements without isolated molecules, such as carbon and metals, the molar mass is computed ...
High Molecular Weight DNA Markers from InvitrogenHigh Molecular Weight DNA Markers from Invitrogen
... ,High Molecular Weight DNA Markers are suitable for sizing linear double-stranded DNA from 9 to 48 kb on low-percentage agarose gels. The 13 bands consist of 8.3- to 48.5-kb fragments generated from restriction endonuclease digests of Lambda DNA (cIind1ts857 Sam7). Ethidium bromide staining causes t,biological,biology supply,biology supplies,biology product
Particle Size Distributions in Suspension Polymerizations: Effect of Added Low Molecular Weight Compounds | SpringerLinkParticle Size Distributions in Suspension Polymerizations: Effect of Added Low Molecular Weight Compounds | SpringerLink
The effect of low molecular weight water-insoluble hydrocarbon additives on the formation of colloidal particles in suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate has been...
DIMENSIONALLY STABLE NONWOVEN FIBROUS WEBS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME - Patent applicationDIMENSIONALLY STABLE NONWOVEN FIBROUS WEBS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME - Patent application
0136] Presently preferred propylene homopolymers and copolymers useful certain exemplary embodiments of this disclosure typically have: 1) a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of at least 30,000 Da, preferably at least 50,000 Da, more preferably at least 90,000 Da, as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and/or no more than 2,000,000 Da, preferably no more than 1,000,000 Da, more preferably no more than 500,000 Da, as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC); and/or 2) a polydispersity (defined as Mw/Mn, wherein Mn is the number average molecular weight determined by GPC) of 1, preferably 1.6, and more preferably 1.8, and/or no more than 40, preferably no more than 20, more preferably no more than 10, and even more preferably no more than 3; and/or 3) a melting temperature Tm (second melt) of at least 30° C., preferably at least 50° C., and more preferably at least 60° C. as measured by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and/or no more than 200° C., ...
MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Nanotrap Enriched Low Molecular Weight Proteins from Human Serum | SelectScienceMALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Nanotrap Enriched Low Molecular Weight Proteins from Human Serum | SelectScience
Biomarkers are often masked by high abundant proteins or may be susceptible to proteolysis. This application note from Shimadzu Scientific Instruments illustrates the ability to enrich low abundant, low molecular weight proteins directly from serum while excluding high molecular weight proteins. The ability to differentially trap proteins based on bait chemistry is also examined.
The low molecular weight fraction of human serum albumin upregulates COX2, prostaglandin E2, and prostaglandin D2 under...The low molecular weight fraction of human serum albumin upregulates COX2, prostaglandin E2, and prostaglandin D2 under...
PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.
Microcystin-LR Detected in a Low Molecular Weight Fraction from a Crude Extract of Zoanthus sociatusMicrocystin-LR Detected in a Low Molecular Weight Fraction from a Crude Extract of Zoanthus sociatus
PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.
Molecular Weight Distribution (Soluble and Insoluble Fraction) in Emulsion Polymerization of Acrylate Monomers by Monte Carlo...Molecular Weight Distribution (Soluble and Insoluble Fraction) in Emulsion Polymerization of Acrylate Monomers by Monte Carlo...
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Catalyst Components for the Polymerization of Olefins - Patent applicationCatalyst Components for the Polymerization of Olefins - Patent application
0002]The present invention relates to catalysts component for the polymerization of ethylene and its mixtures with olefins CH2═CHR, wherein R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical having 1-12 carbon atoms, comprising Ti, Mg, halogen, and a particular electron donor compound. The catalyst of the invention is suitably used in (co)polymerization processes of ethylene to prepare (co)polymers having narrow Molecular Weight Distribution (MWD) and high bulk density. The MWD is an important characteristic of ethylene polymers in that it affects both the rheological behavior, and therefore the processability, and the final mechanical properties. In particular, polymers with narrow MWD are suitable for films and injection molding in that deformation and shrinkage problems in the manufactured article are minimized. The width of the molecular weight distribution for the ethylene polymers is generally expressed as melt flow ratio F/E, which is the ratio between the melt index measured by a load of 21.6 ...
Domestic protein purification instrument company on the characteristics of molecular sieve chromatography protein purification...Domestic protein purification instrument company on the characteristics of molecular sieve chromatography protein purification...
Domestic protein purification instrument company on the characteristics of molecular sieve chromatography protein purification system-Suzhou Sepure Instruments Inc.-Domestic protein purification instrument company on the characteristics of molecular sieve chromatography protein purification system
Number Average Molecular Weights by Bonnar Robert U. (ISBN: 9781258796471) Hardback Book | BookwireNumber Average Molecular Weights by Bonnar Robert U. (ISBN: 9781258796471) Hardback Book | Bookwire
Number Average Molecular Weights (Fundamentals and Determination) by Bonnar Robert U. (ISBN: 978-1-258-79647-1); Published by Literary Licensing, LLCin Aug 2013. Compare book prices on Bookwire.com to buy books from the lowest price among top online book retailers
The role of His66 and His72 in the reaction mechanism of bovine liver low-M(r) phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase. | IRIS...The role of His66 and His72 in the reaction mechanism of bovine liver low-M(r) phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase. | IRIS...
Site-directed mutagenesis of a synthetic gene coding for low-M(r) phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase from bovine liver has been carried out. The two histidine residues in the enzyme have been mutated to glutamine; both single and double mutants were produced. The mutated and non-mutated sequences have been expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins, in which the low-M(r) phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase was linked to the C-terminal end of the maltose-binding protein. The fusion enzymes were easily purified by single-step affinity chromatography. The mutants were studied for their kinetic properties. Both single mutants showed decreased kcat. values (30 and 7% residual activities for His66 and His72 respectively), and alterations of the Ki values relative to four-competitive inhibitors were observed. The kinetic mechanism of p-nitrophenyl phosphate hydrolysis in the presence of both single mutants was determined and compared with that of the non-mutated enzyme. The rate-determining step ...
CCCC 1981, Volume 46, Issue 11, Abstracts pp. 2766-2773 | Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical CommunicationsCCCC 1981, Volume 46, Issue 11, Abstracts pp. 2766-2773 | Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications
The purification of glutamate dehydrogenase from sheep rumen mucosa on DEAE-cellulose afforded two enzyme fractions with glutamate dehydrogenase activity. The enzyme fraction II (tissue glutamate dehydrogenase) was freed of contaminating proteins in the subsequent purification step on Sephadex G-200. The approximate relative molecular weight (260 000) of tissue glutamate dehydrogenase (fraction II) was determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and the approximate relative molecular weight of its polypeptide chain (48 000) was established by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in SDS. The pH-optimum of fraction II was 7.9. The effect of substrate concentration on the rate of the enzymatic reaction was examined and the following apparent Michaelis constants were found for the individual substrates: NADH 6.25 . 10-5 mol/l, 2-oxoglutarate 4.5 . 10-3 mol/l, and NH4+ 77 . 10-3 mol/l.. ...
Indian Patents. 249750:A COMPOSITION COMPRISING COMPLEXES OF CATIONIC CHITOSAN OLIGOMERS AND NUCLEIC ACID AND A METHOD OF...Indian Patents. 249750:'A COMPOSITION COMPRISING COMPLEXES OF CATIONIC CHITOSAN OLIGOMERS AND NUCLEIC ACID AND A METHOD OF...
Chitosan Protasan UP G 210 (FA=0.17, weight-average molecular weight of 162,000) was obtained from Pronova Biomedical AS, Oslo, Norway. The low-molecular weight oligomer of N-glucosamine was obtained by chemical depolymerisation of chitosan using NaNO2 and subsequent reduction by NaBH as described by Tcmmeraas et al.t 2001, where the molecular weight was controlled by the amount of NaNO2 relative to the amount of chitosan. The fraction of acetylated units was controlled by heterogeneous deacetylation to obtain FA of less than 0.001 as determined by proton NMR-spectroscopy as described previously (Varum et al, 1991). Typically, 1.0 gram of chitosan was dissolved in 100 ml of 2.5% aqueous acetic acid, dissolved oxygen was removed by bubbling nitrogen gas through the solution for 5 minutes, and 5 ml of a freshly prepared solution of NaNO2 in distilled water (10 mg/ml) was added. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 4 hours in darkness, whereafter the depolymerized chitosan was conventionally ...
AID 743310 - SAR confirmation of uHTS small molecule inhibitors of Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, LMPTP, in...AID 743310 - SAR confirmation of uHTS small molecule inhibitors of Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, LMPTP, in...
BioAssay record AID 743310 submitted by Burnham Center for Chemical Genomics: SAR confirmation of uHTS small molecule inhibitors of Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, LMPTP, in a fluorescence-based, VHR-1 (dual specificity phosphatase 3) selectivity assay.
Brevet US4975474 - Multi-component coating composition comprising an anhydride containing ... - Google BrevetsBrevet US4975474 - Multi-component coating composition comprising an anhydride containing ... - Google Brevets
A coating composition useful for a finish for automobiles and trucks in which the film forming binder contains reactive binder components of about (a) 25-94% by weight, based on the weight of the binder, of an acrylic polymer having at least two reactive anhydride groups composed of polymerized monomers of an ethylenically unsaturated anhydride and polymerized monomers from the group consisting of alkyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylate and any mixtures thereof, wherein the alkyl groups have 1-8 carbon atoms and the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 2,000-50,000; (b) 5-50% by weight, based on the weight of the binder, of a glycidyl component having at least two reactive glycidyl groups; (c) 1-40% by weight, based on the weight of the binder, of a self-stabilized dispersed resin; and the composition contains about 0.1-5% by weight; based on the weight of the binder, of a catalyst.
Simplified method for purification of ribonuclease H from calf thymus | MetaSimplified method for purification of ribonuclease H from calf thymus | Meta
An improved purification procedure for the isolation of ribonuclease H(hybrid nuclease; RNA-DNA-hybrid ribonucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.34) from the thymus of 4-to 6-months-old calves yields two highly active forms of the enzyme, designated as ribonuclease H1 and H2. Their isoelectric points are 5.0 +/- 0.05 and 5.25 +/- 0.05, respectively; their molecular weight, estimated from gel filtration, is in both cases 64,000 +/- 2000. On sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, two principal bands were identified, with molecular weights of 32,000 and 21,000. The nature of the nucleotides at the 3-OH terminals, produced initially by the enzymic hydrolysis of hybridized RNA, was examined and shown to be a function of the divalent metal ion employed as activator. ...
Permeability of the Envelopes of Staphylococcus aureus to some Salts, Amino Acids, and Non-Electrolytes | Microbiology SocietyPermeability of the Envelopes of Staphylococcus aureus to some Salts, Amino Acids, and Non-Electrolytes | Microbiology Society
SUMMARY: The passive permeability properties of the plasma-membrane of Staphylococcus aureus (strain Duncan) resemble those of a classical lipid membrane such as that considered by Overton in 1899. In general, solutes carrying more than four water molecules flow across the plasma-membrane only very slowly under an electrochemical gradient. The plasma-membrane is the effective osmotic barrier to small molecular weight solutes and prevents the escape of internal components having a total osmotic concentration corresponding to c. 1 molal sucrose. The protoplast is prevented from swelling by the cell wall which withstands a hydrostatic thrust of some 20 to 30 atmospheres pressure exerted against it by the plasma-membrane in distilled water. The pores in the cell wall, although large enough to permit rapid diffusion of small molecular weight solutes, are too small to allow a dextran of mol. wt. 10,000 to penetrate. The cell wall acts as the osmotic barrier for large molecular weight components, preventing
Molar Mass - CHEMISTRY COMMUNITYMolar Mass - CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY
Atomic mass is measured via mass spectrometry. Molar mass is computed from the atomic weight. There are no units of measurement for atomic masses because these are relative masses meaning these are "unitless." So the atomic mass is measured by calculating the mass of protons and neutrons. Whereas the Molar Mass is the grams per moles of a specific element. (or a specific compound by adding the molar mass of each element in the compound). The molar mass had units (g/moles) and the atomic mass is unitless ...
A green strategy for the synthesis of poly(ethylene succinate) and its copolyesters via enzymatic ring opening polymerizationA green strategy for the synthesis of poly(ethylene succinate) and its copolyesters via enzymatic ring opening polymerization
Poly(ethylene succinate) (PES) with weight-average molecular weight above 60,000 g mol-1 was efficiently obtained by enzymatic ring opening polymerization of cyclic oligo(ethylene succinate)s c(ES)n, which in turn were prepared by lipase-catalysed cyclocondensation in solution of dimethyl succinate and ethylene glycol. The methodology was demonstrated to be also applicable to the synthesis of high molecular weight PES-copolyesters containing butylene succinate, e-hydroxycaproate or L-lactate units with a random distribution ...
FOUR-STRANDED DNA AS DETERMINED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | JCBFOUR-STRANDED DNA AS DETERMINED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | JCB
Pneumococcus DNA, of weight-average molecular weight 1.6 million by light scattering, had a weight-average length of 4300 A by electron microscopy. Thus, the average mass per unit length was 370 molecular-weight units per A, or approximately two times that expected (208) for a Watson-Crick double helix. This corresponds to an average of 3.6 strands per molecule, which is close to that obtained by other methods. Morphologically, all the particles in the micrographs were relatively stiff, and had a cross-sectional height of 20 to 30 A. Some divided into two stiff branches of the same height, apparently double helical. Where the branches combined into one (minimally four-stranded) structure they apparently lay side by side in close association.. ...
Patent US8067030 - Controlled release composition and method of producing the same - Google PatentsPatent US8067030 - Controlled release composition and method of producing the same - Google Patents
A controlled release composition containing a physiologically active substance in high content, suppressing the initial excess release, and achieving a stable release speed over a long period of time is provided. A controlled release composition comprising (1) a physiologically active substance or salt thereof in an amount of about 14% (w/w) to about 24% (w/w) based on the total composition weight, (2) hydroxynaphthoic acid selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid or salt thereof, and (3) a lactic acid polymer or salt thereof having a weight-average molecular weight of 15000 to 50000 in which the content of polymers having molecular weights of 5000 or less is about 5% by weight or less, wherein the molar ratio of said hydroxynaphthoic acid or salt thereof to said physiologically active substance or salt thereof is from 3:4 to 4:3.
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Purification, Biochemical Characterization, and Bioactive Properties of a Lectin Purified from the...Molecules | Free Full-Text | Purification, Biochemical Characterization, and Bioactive Properties of a Lectin Purified from the...
The present work shows the characterization of Phaseolus acutifolius variety latifolius, on which little research has been published, and provides detailed information on the corresponding lectin. This protein was purified from a semi-domesticated line of white tepary beans from Sonora, Mexico, by precipitation of the aqueous extract with ammonium sulfate, followed by affinity chromatography on an immobilized fetuin matrix. MALDI TOF analysis of Phaseolus acutifolius agglutinin (PAA) showed that this lectin is composed of monomers with molecular weights ranging between 28 and 31 kDa. At high salt concentrations, PAA forms a dimer of 63 kDa, but at low salt concentrations, the subunits form a tetramer. Analysis of PAA on 2D-PAGE showed that there are mainly three types of subunits with isoelectric points of 4.2, 4.4, and 4.5. The partial sequence obtained by LC/MS/MS of tryptic fragments from the PAA subunits showed 90-100% identity with subunits from genus Phaseolus lectins in previous reports. The
Modeling and Simulation of Olefin Polymerization at Microstructure LevelModeling and Simulation of Olefin Polymerization at Microstructure Level
A new model based on a combination of the polymeric multigrain and multilayer models has been developed to predict the polymerization rate, particle growth, morphology, effective parameters on broadening of the molecular weight distribution, number and weight average of the molecular weight, isotacticity index and bulk density of polymer. Mathematical correlations and the kinetics used in this model are based on the polymeric multigrain and the multilayer models, respectively. In the modeling, multiplicity of active site using different kinetics parameters as well as deactivation of catalyst during the polymerization have been considered,. Moreover, it considers mass transfer effects on polymerization characteristics. The Effects of physico-chemical aspects of catalyst associated with the polymerization in slurry phase are also considered in this model. In addition, the effects of more important model parameters including time step, number of layers and number of active sites on the produced polymer
An electrophoretic difference between surface and secreted IgM of murine splenocytes<...An electrophoretic difference between surface and secreted IgM of murine splenocytes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An electrophoretic difference between surface and secreted IgM of murine splenocytes. AU - Melcher, U.. AU - Uhr, J. W.. PY - 1973. Y1 - 1973. N2 - μ chains on the surface of murine splenocytes are more heterogeneous on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than both secreted and intracellular μ chains labeled with [3H]tyrosine. No difference in heterogeneity among cell surface, secreted, or intracellular L chains was detected. The possible role of carbohydrate in μ chain heterogeneity is discussed.. AB - μ chains on the surface of murine splenocytes are more heterogeneous on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than both secreted and intracellular μ chains labeled with [3H]tyrosine. No difference in heterogeneity among cell surface, secreted, or intracellular L chains was detected. The possible role of carbohydrate in μ chain heterogeneity is discussed.. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0015816392&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - ...
US20070155943A1 - Aliphatic polyester polymer compositions and preparation method thereof - Google PatentsUS20070155943A1 - Aliphatic polyester polymer compositions and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
An aliphatic polyester polymer compositions and preparation method thereof. The invention provides a bioresorbable aliphatic polyester copolymer, comprising the reaction product of a first polyester, a second polyester, and a coupling agent. Specifically, the first polyester and second polyester have the same repeat units, but different weight average molecular weights. Methods for preparing the aliphatic polyester copolymer are provided, in which the first polyester reacts with the second polyester in the presence of the coupling agent, undergoing copolymerization.
Calculate molar mass (calculate molecular weight, Molar Mass Calculator).Formula:Fe(c2h3o2)3 -- e-Tools AgeCalculate molar mass (calculate molecular weight, Molar Mass Calculator).Formula:Fe(c2h3o2)3 -- e-Tools Age
Formula:Fe(c2h3o2)3 Enter a chemical formula to calculate molar mass,The molar mass calculator can be used in Chemical industry and medicine industry.
Calculate molar mass (calculate molecular weight, Molar Mass Calculator).Formula:FeOOH.H2O -- e-Tools AgeCalculate molar mass (calculate molecular weight, Molar Mass Calculator).Formula:FeOOH.H2O -- e-Tools Age
Formula:FeOOH.H2O Enter a chemical formula to calculate molar mass,The molar mass calculator can be used in Chemical industry and medicine industry.
Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
Analysis of zymograms with SDS-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis containing gelatin as substrate, and performed on samples of haemolymph or fat body taken from Rhodnius prolixus inoculated or not with Enterobacter cloacae, demonstrated distinct patterns of protease activities: (i) in the haemolymph two proteases were induced in insects inoculated with bacteria; (ii) two proteases were detected in the fat bodies derived from non-inoculated controls or insect inoculated with sterile culture medium; (iii) haemolymph and fat body had both the same apparent molecular weights proteases (46 and 56 kDa); and (iv) these enzymes were characterized as metallo-proteases. The association of these enzymes in Rhodnius infected with bacteria was discussed. ...
Brevet US5350817 - Process for the preparation of polyolefins having a broad molecular weight ... - Google BrevetsBrevet US5350817 - Process for the preparation of polyolefins having a broad molecular weight ... - Google Brevets
Polyolefins having a molecular weight distribution Mw /Mn of ≧3 and which may be monomodal, bimodal or multimodal are obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of olefins of the formula RCH═CHR, in which a catalyst system comprising an aluminoxane and a transition-metal component (metallocene) is used, the transition-metal component comprising at least one zirconocene of the formula I ##STR1## and at least one zirconocene of the formula Ia or alternatively at least 2 zirconocenes of the formula I.
LEcole No. 41: Ferguson Stands Atop the (Wine) World! - The Pour Fool: What to Drink from the World and NWL'Ecole No. 41: "Ferguson" Stands Atop the (Wine) World! - The Pour Fool: What to Drink from the World and NW
The wine that won the International Gold is called "Ferguson" Estate 2011, a blend of 57% Cabernet, 32% Merlot, and 11% Cab Franc. It was racked five times over its 22 months aging and is, having come from a vineyard planted only six years ago, astoundingly integrated, refined, subtle, and richly reflective of both its terroir and the glorious, brooding Walla Walla Valley fruit. The Ferguson Vineyard, named for Martys wifes parents, Jean and Baker Ferguson, is the sole property of LEcole and is an 18 acre plot situated on a high-elevation hillside just outside Milton-Freewater, Oregon. The purity and clarity of Ferguson is uncanny; most wineries dont produce juice like this even from 60 - 80 year old vines. The flavors are bell-clear, resonant blackberries, black plums, and Bing cherries, graced with mocha, graphite, glove leather, sweet herbs, and fresh figs - all underpinned by a breath-taking, distinct stratum of crushed stones, lime, and mineral soils. Its every bit as remarkable as you ...
High Molecular Weight High Density Hmw Hdpe) in Ethiopia - Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers - Ethiopia Yellow Pages OnlineHigh Molecular Weight High Density Hmw Hdpe) in Ethiopia - Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers - Ethiopia Yellow Pages Online
Manufacturer of High Molecular Weight High Density Hmw Hdpe), Suppliers of High Molecular Weight High Density Hmw Hdpe), Dealers of High Molecular Weight High Density Hmw Hdpe) in Ethiopia
Gene targeted ablation of high molecular weight fibroblast growth factor-2<...Gene targeted ablation of high molecular weight fibroblast growth factor-2<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Gene targeted ablation of high molecular weight fibroblast growth factor-2. AU - Azhar, Mohamad. AU - Yin, Moying. AU - Zhou, Ming. AU - Li, Hongqi. AU - Mustafa, Marwan. AU - Nusayr, Eyad. AU - Keenan, Jack B.. AU - Chen, Hwudaurw. AU - Pawlosky, Sharon. AU - Gard, Connie. AU - Grisham, Christina. AU - Sanford, L. Philip. AU - Doetschman, Tom. PY - 2009/2/1. Y1 - 2009/2/1. N2 - Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) is produced as high molecular weight isoforms (HMW) and a low molecular weight isoform (LMW) by means of alternative usage of translation start sites in a single Fgf2 mRNA. Although the physiological function of FGF2 and FGF2 LMW has been investigated in myocardial capillarogenesis during normal cardiac growth, the role of FGF2 HMW has not been determined. Here, we report the generation of FGF2 HMW-deficient mice in which FGF2 HMW isoforms are ablated by the Tag-and-Exchange gene targeting technique. These mice are normal and fertile with normal fecundity, and have a ...
HMWC - High Molecular Weight Chitosan | AcronymFinderHMWC - High Molecular Weight Chitosan | AcronymFinder
How is High Molecular Weight Chitosan abbreviated? HMWC stands for High Molecular Weight Chitosan. HMWC is defined as High Molecular Weight Chitosan somewhat frequently.
METHOD FOR DETECTION OF PROTEIN ON POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS USING A COUNTER-DYE COMPOSITION AND COUNTER-DYE COMPOSITION FOR THE SAME...METHOD FOR DETECTION OF PROTEIN ON POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS USING A COUNTER-DYE COMPOSITION AND COUNTER-DYE COMPOSITION FOR THE SAME...
The present invention relates to a method for detection of protein using a counter-dye composition, on polyacrylamide gels, and the counter-dye composition for detection of protein on polyacrylamide gels. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for detection of protein in a high sensitivity on polyacrylamide gels in a rapid and simple manner, comprising the step of staining the polyacrylamide gels with a counter-dye composition containing an acidic organic dye and a basic organic dye, and the counter-dye composition for detection of protein on polyacrylamide gels.
Transglutaminases » Products » ZEDIRA GmbH, Darmstadt, GermanyTransglutaminases » Products » ZEDIRA GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
Today, we know that we are talking about a family of nine different isoenzymes in the human body. Although transglutaminases have one basic common feature - the formation of high molecular weight aggregates by covalent protein cross-linking - they fulfill a plentitude of other catalytic and physiological functions ...
NBEAL1NBEAL1
Lighter than airLighter than air
DextroamphetamineDextroamphetamine
TrimethylboraneTrimethylborane
Immunoglobulin MImmunoglobulin M
Brookhaven InstrumentsBrookhaven Instruments
CyclolCyclol
TubulopathyTubulopathy
PolyphosphazenePolyphosphazene
PolyanilinePolyaniline
Angiotensin (1-7)Angiotensin (1-7)
Edward Wilson MerrillEdward Wilson Merrill
ViroidViroid
RNA worldRNA world
PhycocyaninPhycocyanin
SPATS1SPATS1
FAM129CFAM129C
CatalaseCatalase
PLEKHM3PLEKHM3
CecropinCecropin
MonellinMonellin
Polyestradiol phosphatePolyestradiol phosphate
Eukaryotic initiation factor 3Eukaryotic initiation factor 3
C9orf152C9orf152
Non-cellular lifeNon-cellular life
Thyrotropin-releasing hormoneThyrotropin-releasing hormone
HuwentoxinHuwentoxin
Potato spindle tuber viroidPotato spindle tuber viroid
ResistinResistin
Theodor Otto DienerTheodor Otto Diener
Type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetes
KetoneKetone
EatingEating
Water deerWater deer
CentrifugationCentrifugation
Van der Waals radiusVan der Waals radius
Positron emission tomographyPositron emission tomography
EbolaEbola
BrolgaBrolga
HyperalgesiaHyperalgesia
MedicineMedicine
PinophytaPinophyta
Ohio State UniversityOhio State University
AndrogenAndrogen
Alkali metalAlkali metal
Fishing lineFishing line
Brain tumorBrain tumor
AntiandrogenAntiandrogen
Lassa feverLassa fever
BrassicaceaeBrassicaceae
Progesterone receptorProgesterone receptor
NephrologyNephrology
InbreedingInbreeding
WhaleWhale
ReptileReptile
DietingDieting
Free willFree will
Super-KamiokandeSuper-Kamiokande
PastaPasta
KhatKhat
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Molecular WeightBody WeightWeight LossWeight GainBirth WeightElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelChromatography, GelAmino AcidsKineticsAmino Acid SequenceMacromolecular SubstancesMolecular Sequence DataIsoelectric PointHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationImmunodiffusionHeparin, Low-Molecular-WeightCattleChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeKininogensCentrifugation, Density GradientFetal WeightUltracentrifugationIsoelectric FocusingChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseChromatography, AffinityInfant, Low Birth WeightBase SequenceEscherichia coliObesityChemistryElectrophoresis, DiscChemical PhenomenaSubstrate SpecificityCloning, MolecularRabbitsLiverGlycoproteinsCarbohydratesPeptidesSodium Dodecyl SulfateTrypsinPregnancyOrgan SizePeptide FragmentsDextransWeight Reduction ProgramsProteinsHot TemperatureSpecies SpecificityCell LineSolubilityImmunoelectrophoresisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidBody Mass IndexTime FactorsSwineTemperatureElectrophoresisMicroscopy, ElectronBacterial ProteinsDNAChemical PrecipitationPeptide HydrolasesAntibodies, MonoclonalInfant, NewbornProtein BindingDiet, ReducingDrug StabilityImmune SeraPrekallikreinPolyethylene GlycolsPhysicochemical PhenomenaHyaluronic AcidChemistry, PhysicalRNA, MessengerRats, Inbred StrainsProtein ConformationTritiumPolymersInfant, Very Low Birth WeightAmmonium SulfateCross ReactionsBody CompositionHeparinGenesCell-Free SystemCells, CulturedOverweightMembrane ProteinsChromatography, AgaroseCarrier ProteinsPlasmidsEndopeptidasesRecombinant ProteinsProtein BiosynthesisSpectrophotometry, UltravioletBlood ProteinsGenes, BacterialBinding SitesViral ProteinsPolysaccharidesDalteparinEatingBlotting, WesternSequence Homology, Amino AcidSpectrophotometryEdetic AcidPeptide BiosynthesisEnergy IntakeKininogen, High-Molecular-WeightMagnesiumCell MembraneMercaptoethanolKidneyIsoenzymesUltrafiltrationEpitopesKallikreinsHydrolysisViscosityCyanogen BromideProtease InhibitorsCations, DivalentGlycoside HydrolasesCell FractionationDietMutationAnticoagulantsPronaseDNA Restriction EnzymesChloromercuribenzoatesDose-Response Relationship, DrugChymotrypsinDNA, BacterialAdipose TissuePseudomonasImmunosorbent TechniquesGestational AgeHydroxyapatitesFractional PrecipitationNadroparinChemical FractionationDialysisMethodsRestriction MappingPlantsMusclesAntibodiesImmunoblottingProtein PrecursorsFactor XIAntigen-Antibody ComplexSulfhydryl ReagentsErythrocytesImmunologic TechniquesRadioimmunoassaySequence Homology, Nucleic AcidSheepTrypsin InhibitorsStructure-Activity RelationshipWeight LiftingDeoxyribonucleasesPolyethylenesWeaningEnergy MetabolismBody Weights and MeasuresChickensCytosolFluorescent Antibody TechniqueTissue DistributionPepsin ANucleic Acid HybridizationCulture MediaInfant, Extremely Low Birth WeightUreaBacillusGlucosamineAnthropometryFactor XIIImmunochemistryMass SpectrometryChitosanEnzyme ActivationSucroseRibonucleasesCricetinaeCross-Linking ReagentsManganeseTissue ExtractsImmunoelectrophoresis, Two-DimensionalPlacentaOligosaccharidesBrainKaolinKininsFeeding BehaviorRats, Sprague-DawleySulfhydryl CompoundsAntigens, SurfaceNucleic Acid Denaturation
alpha1-Microglobulin, a new low molecular weight plasma proteinalpha1-Microglobulin, a new low molecular weight plasma protein
Molecular Weight vs. Bit CountMolecular Weight vs. Bit Count
Molecular Weight | Encyclopedia.comMolecular Weight | Encyclopedia.com
Molecular Weight Marker | Carolina.comMolecular Weight Marker | Carolina.com
What Is Peptide Molecular Weight?What Is Peptide Molecular Weight?
Molecular weight - definition of molecular weight by The Free DictionaryMolecular weight - definition of molecular weight by The Free Dictionary
Low molecular weight acrylates or methacrylates - Celanese CorporationLow molecular weight acrylates or methacrylates - Celanese Corporation
Molecular Weight Of Salt - Lightinthebox.comMolecular Weight Of Salt - Lightinthebox.com
Regulation of Macromolecular Synthesis By Low Molecular Weight Mediators - 1st EditionRegulation of Macromolecular Synthesis By Low Molecular Weight Mediators - 1st Edition
Molecular link between body weight, early puberty identified | EurekAlert! Science NewsMolecular link between body weight, early puberty identified | EurekAlert! Science News
ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene wikipedia the free - Yahoo Search Resultsultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene wikipedia the free - Yahoo Search Results
What is the molecular weight of air? | Reference.comWhat is the molecular weight of air? | Reference.com
High Molecular Weight DNA Markers from InvitrogenHigh Molecular Weight DNA Markers from Invitrogen
Molecular Weight Markers | DNA Ladders | RNA LaddersMolecular Weight Markers | DNA Ladders | RNA Ladders
DNA & RNA Molecular Weight Markers | Sigma-AldrichDNA & RNA Molecular Weight Markers | Sigma-Aldrich
dextran (high molecular weight) | Cignadextran (high molecular weight) | Cigna
High-molecular-weight kininogen - WikipediaHigh-molecular-weight kininogen - Wikipedia
Molecular-weight size marker - WikipediaMolecular-weight size marker - Wikipedia
Purification of Fungal High Molecular Weight Genomic DNA from Environmental Samples | SpringerLinkPurification of Fungal High Molecular Weight Genomic DNA from Environmental Samples | SpringerLink
Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene - WikipediaUltra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene - Wikipedia
The low molecular weight of RNAs of adenovirus 2-infected cells. - PubMed - NCBIThe low molecular weight of RNAs of adenovirus 2-infected cells. - PubMed - NCBI
Patent US5981695 - Stable, concentrated solutions of high molecular weight polyaniline and ... - Google PatentsPatent US5981695 - Stable, concentrated solutions of high molecular weight polyaniline and ... - Google Patents
Size Matters: Molecular Weight Specificity of Hyaluronan Effects in Cell BiologySize Matters: Molecular Weight Specificity of Hyaluronan Effects in Cell Biology
Size Matters: Molecular Weight Specificity of Hyaluronan Effects in Cell BiologySize Matters: Molecular Weight Specificity of Hyaluronan Effects in Cell Biology
molecular weight - calculator.orgmolecular weight - calculator.org
Determination of Molecular WeightDetermination of Molecular Weight
Advanced Molecular Labs Thermo Heat Dietary Supplements Weight LossAdvanced Molecular Labs Thermo Heat Dietary Supplements Weight Loss
Glutenin, low molecular weight subunit precursor - Triticum aestivum (Wheat)Glutenin, low molecular weight subunit precursor - Triticum aestivum (Wheat)
Production of specific-molecular-weight hyaluronan by metabolically engineered Bacillus subtilis 168. - PubMed - NCBIProduction of specific-molecular-weight hyaluronan by metabolically engineered Bacillus subtilis 168. - PubMed - NCBI
Molecular ties between lack of sleep and weight gain | National Institutes of Health (NIH)Molecular ties between lack of sleep and weight gain | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Patent US4709108 - Conversions of low molecular weight hydrocarbons to higher molecular weight ... - Google PatentsPatent US4709108 - Conversions of low molecular weight hydrocarbons to higher molecular weight ... - Google Patents
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Molecular WeightBody WeightWeight LossWeight GainBirth WeightElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelChromatography, GelAmino AcidsKineticsAmino Acid SequenceMacromolecular SubstancesMolecular Sequence DataIsoelectric PointHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationImmunodiffusionHeparin, Low-Molecular-WeightCattleChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeKininogensCentrifugation, Density GradientFetal WeightUltracentrifugationIsoelectric FocusingChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseChromatography, AffinityInfant, Low Birth WeightBase SequenceEscherichia coliObesityChemistryElectrophoresis, DiscChemical PhenomenaSubstrate SpecificityCloning, MolecularRabbitsLiverGlycoproteinsCarbohydratesPeptidesSodium Dodecyl SulfateTrypsinPregnancyOrgan SizePeptide FragmentsDextransWeight Reduction ProgramsProteinsHot TemperatureSpecies SpecificityCell LineSolubilityImmunoelectrophoresisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidBody Mass IndexTime FactorsSwineTemperatureElectrophoresisMicroscopy, ElectronBacterial ProteinsDNAChemical PrecipitationPeptide HydrolasesAntibodies, MonoclonalInfant, NewbornProtein BindingDiet, ReducingDrug StabilityImmune SeraPrekallikreinPolyethylene GlycolsPhysicochemical PhenomenaHyaluronic AcidChemistry, PhysicalRNA, MessengerRats, Inbred StrainsProtein ConformationTritiumPolymersInfant, Very Low Birth WeightAmmonium SulfateCross ReactionsBody CompositionHeparinGenesCell-Free SystemCells, CulturedOverweightMembrane ProteinsChromatography, AgaroseCarrier ProteinsPlasmidsEndopeptidasesRecombinant ProteinsProtein BiosynthesisSpectrophotometry, UltravioletBlood ProteinsGenes, BacterialBinding SitesViral ProteinsPolysaccharidesDalteparinEatingBlotting, WesternSequence Homology, Amino AcidSpectrophotometryEdetic AcidPeptide BiosynthesisEnergy IntakeKininogen, High-Molecular-WeightMagnesiumCell MembraneMercaptoethanolKidneyIsoenzymesUltrafiltrationEpitopesKallikreinsHydrolysisViscosityCyanogen BromideProtease InhibitorsCations, DivalentGlycoside HydrolasesCell FractionationDietMutationAnticoagulantsPronaseDNA Restriction EnzymesChloromercuribenzoatesDose-Response Relationship, DrugChymotrypsinDNA, BacterialAdipose TissuePseudomonasImmunosorbent TechniquesGestational AgeHydroxyapatitesFractional PrecipitationNadroparinChemical FractionationDialysisMethodsRestriction MappingPlantsMusclesAntibodiesImmunoblottingProtein PrecursorsFactor XIAntigen-Antibody ComplexSulfhydryl ReagentsErythrocytesImmunologic TechniquesRadioimmunoassaySequence Homology, Nucleic AcidSheepTrypsin InhibitorsStructure-Activity RelationshipWeight LiftingDeoxyribonucleasesPolyethylenesWeaningEnergy MetabolismBody Weights and MeasuresChickensCytosolFluorescent Antibody TechniqueTissue DistributionPepsin ANucleic Acid HybridizationCulture MediaInfant, Extremely Low Birth WeightUreaBacillusGlucosamineAnthropometryFactor XIIImmunochemistryMass SpectrometryChitosanEnzyme ActivationSucroseRibonucleasesCricetinaeCross-Linking ReagentsManganeseTissue ExtractsImmunoelectrophoresis, Two-DimensionalPlacentaOligosaccharidesBrainKaolinKininsFeeding BehaviorRats, Sprague-DawleySulfhydryl CompoundsAntigens, SurfaceNucleic Acid Denaturation
ProteinsMoleculePolymer molecular weightDeterminationMolar massDistributionsProteinPolyethyleneFormulaSize exclusion chroDifferent molecular weightDaltonsCalculationMoleculesAtomicAverageHighest molecular weightFraction18.015ChemistryMethodsLife SciencesPropertiesSubstancesHeparinMoleculesElectrophoresisUHMWPEHighDifferent molecular weightsViscosityPeptidesBiologyHigher molecular weightNorth AmericaMeasurementFormulation2018Edta molecular weightCharacterizationSizeCompoundsPeptideDextranMolarMassCalculate molecular weightsCloningComprisesGlycineAtomsProductsMarker MarketAmino acidMethodsMasses
Proteins2
Molecule6
Polymer molecular weight2
  • one to study the polymer molecular weight (MW) distribution, and another to determine the additive concentration. (waters.com)
  • In this study, we show how the combining an ACQUITY Advanced Polymer Chromatography (APC) System combined with a 2414 Refractive Index (RI) Detector and ACQUITY QDa Mass Detector can be used to simultaneously measure polymer molecular weight distribution and polymer additive detection. (waters.com)
Determination3
Molar mass1
  • Molecular mass, molar mass, and molecular weight are usually used interchangeably in a lot of places especially science and chemistry-related areas that trying to tell one from another isn't that much help. (businessdailybuzz.com)
Distributions1
Protein1
Polyethylene1
  • A mathematical model is developed for the molecular weight distribution (IMWD) of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polycondensation process based on the reaction mechanisms and the operating conditions. (strath.ac.uk)
Formula2
Size exclusion chro2
Different molecular weight1
  • The effects of Na2S04 addition to cement pastes containing PNS superplasticizer with different molecular weight were investigated in different parameters of cement pastes, such as the rheological properties, the adsorption of PNS superplaticizer, and the development of the heat of cement hydration. (concrete.org)
Daltons1
  • It is usually abbreviated as MW or M.W. The unit of molecular weight is usually expressed as Daltons (Da), atomic units (AMU) or no unit at all. (businessdailybuzz.com)
Calculation1
  • Molecular weight calculators are another step to quick calculation and imputing without the stress and hassle of having to use a physical calculator or your pen and notebook. (businessdailybuzz.com)
Molecules2
Atomic9
Average1
Highest molecular weight1
  • The mass range of the columns are ranged from 0.2 to 40 KDa, thus the two highest molecular weight (MW) of the standards are excluded as shown in Figure 3. (waters.com)
Fraction1
18.0151
  • The molecular weight of water is thus (2×1.008)+(1×15.999)=2.016+15.999=18.015 amu. (thefreedictionary.com)
Chemistry2
Methods1
Life Sciences1
  • GE Healthcare Life Sciences™ Rainbow™ Molecular Weight Markers use bright, distinctive colors to allow easier confirmation of transfer to blotting membranes and orientation. (fishersci.co.uk)
Properties1
Substances1
Heparin9
Molecules18
  • Some substances, especially ionic compounds such as common salt, are not made up of molecules and thus have neither a molecular formula nor a molecular weight. (encyclopedia.com)
  • thus a comparison of the weights of equal volumes of different gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure is equivalent to a direct comparison of the weights of molecules of the gases. (encyclopedia.com)
  • However, if the substance ionizes or does not completely separate into molecules, the molecular weight so determined will be erroneous. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The methods may give different results, since usually the molecules of a substance such as a polymer do not all have exactly the same molecular weight. (encyclopedia.com)
  • These methods determine an average molecular weight for the molecules in the sample. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The number-average molecular weight determined by the ultracentrifuge method gives a value that is equal to the weight of the sample divided by the number of molecules in the sample. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Although this may be the same value as the number-average molecular weight if all the molecules have nearly the same weight, it will be higher if some of the molecules are heavier than others. (encyclopedia.com)
  • For instance, if one component had a molecular weight of 50 and another had a molecular weight of 100, then the molecules in the second compound would weigh twice as much as those in the first compound. (wisegeek.com)
  • If they were both combined in equal grams, the lower weight compound would have twice as many molecules present in the mixture, since they only weighed half as much, and, instead of a 50/50 concentration, there would be a concentration of approximately 66/33. (wisegeek.com)
  • Avogadro's number , which represents how many molecules exist in a mole, must also be used when determining a peptide's volume from the peptide molecular weight. (wisegeek.com)
  • Hyaluronan signaling properties are unique among other biologically active molecules, that they are apparently not influenced by postsynthetic molecular modification, but by hyaluronan fragment size. (hindawi.com)
  • Different papers use interchangeably terms such as "short-fragment HA," "low molecular weight HA," and "HA oligosaccharides" to describe HA molecules from a few disaccharides up to over 700 kDa. (hindawi.com)
  • Einstein's equation E = mc 2 equates a change in energy to a change in mass, but when this number is very small (on the scale of 10-9), we suffer no large error from adding the molecular masses of isotopes together to get the molecular mass of the molecules they make when combined through these weak electrical forces. (calculator.org)
  • When using mass spectrometry on larger molecules, chemists will use the average molecular mass of its isotopes because the likelihood that one is dealing with many different kinds of isotopic mixes is higher. (calculator.org)
  • The ultimate aim of creating such molecular-scale devices is to use them as switching units or logic gates in a future computer based on molecules instead of silicon chips. (theengineer.co.uk)
  • The team has succeeded in applying a layer just a few molecules thick of a particular molecular machine to a glass surface. (theengineer.co.uk)
  • Since more than 98% of the 14C-labelled amino acids were incorporated into low molecular weight molecules, these probably form the bulk of newly synthesized organic matrix components. (nih.gov)
  • 1.2 The molecular-weight range for light scattering is, to some extent, determined by the size of the dissolved polymer molecules and the refractive indices of solvent and polymer. (astm.org)
Electrophoresis3
UHMWPE9
High39
Different molecular weights4
Viscosity5
Peptides3
Biology4
Higher molecular weight9
North America1
  • This report researches the worldwide Medium Molecular Weight Polyisobutylene market size (value, capacity, production and consumption) in key regions like North America, Europe, Asia Pacific (China, Japan) and other regions. (qyresearchreports.com)
Measurement2
Formulation1
  • Zinc sulphate monohydrate Molecular formulation:ZnSO4H2O Specifications: Item Index ZnSO4H2O 94.7 % min Zn 34.5 %min As 5 ppm max Pb 20ppm max Cd 30ppm max Fineness passed 250 mesh sieve 95.0 %max Applicatio. (burrillandco.com)
20181
  • In this study, 2017 has been considered as the base year and 2018 to 2025 as the forecast period to estimate the market size for Medium Molecular Weight Polyisobutylene. (qyresearchreports.com)
Edta molecular weight1
  • All sodium edta molecular weight wholesalers & sodium edta molecular weight manufacturers come from members. (chinacsw.com)
Characterization1
Size11
  • There are two common methods in which to construct a DNA molecular-weight size marker. (wikipedia.org)
  • More recently, another method for constructing DNA molecular-weight size markers is being employed by laboratories. (wikipedia.org)
  • As with experimental samples, the conditions of the gel can affect the molecular-weight size marker that runs alongside them. (wikipedia.org)
  • Presumably HA receptors need a minimal molecular size to engage the ligand, but further size increase should have no effect on receptor recognition. (hindawi.com)
  • Exclusions may include, but are not limited to, shipping options, products of certain size, weight, manufacturer price restrictions or products with savings/discounts already applied. (allegromedical.com)
  • The molecular weight of a polymer can be determined using several methods such as size exclusion chromatography and dilute solution viscometry. (uakron.edu)
  • Triple detection delivers the ultimate in polymer analysis - absolute molecular weights are determined by light scattering detection and molecular size and solution behavior comes from the light scattering and viscometry detectors. (utwente.nl)
  • DNA molecular weight markers by size consist of 5 segments: below 50 base pair (bp), 50 bp to 100 bp, 100 bp to 1 kilo base pair (kb), 1 kb to 5 kb and above 5 kb. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • 1.2.2 The upper limit to molecular weight results from the angular dependence of the solution scattering, which is determined by the molecular size. (astm.org)
  • Additionally, the crystallite size along the side-chain (100) direction decreases, whereas the conjugation length increases with increasing molecular weight. (osti.gov)
  • Global Medium Molecular Weight Polyisobutylene market size will increase to xx Million US$ by 2025, from xx Million US$ in 2017, at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period. (qyresearchreports.com)
Compounds3
  • This review focuses on the participation of small molecular weight redox compounds in oxidative protein folding. (mdpi.com)
  • It's unique feature was a friendly interface, the ability to compute and display weights for multiple compounds simultaneously, and proper handling of parentheses, isotopes, and user-defined abbreviations. (alchemistmatt.com)
  • Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles have been used to increase the relative oral bioavailability of hydrophobic compounds and polyphenols in recent years, but the effects of the molecular weight of PLGA on bioavailability are still unknown. (dovepress.com)
Peptide8
Dextran7
  • Cuál es la información más importante que debo saber sobre dextran de alto peso molecular? (cigna.com)
  • Qué es dextran de alto peso molecular? (cigna.com)
  • Dextran de alto peso molecular es un expansor de volumen plasmático hecho de fuentes naturales de azúcar (glucosa). (cigna.com)
  • Dextran se usa para tratar la hipovolemia (disminución del volumen de plasma sanguíneo en circulación), que puede resultar de una cirugía, trauma o lesión, quemaduras graves u otras causas de sangrado. (cigna.com)
  • Dextran puede también usarse para fines no mencionados en esta guía del medicamento. (cigna.com)
  • Qué debería discutir con el profesional del cuidado de la salud antes de recibir dextran de alto peso molecular? (cigna.com)
  • No se conoce si dextran de alto peso molecular causará daño al bebé nonato. (cigna.com)
Molar1
Mass10
Calculate molecular weights1
Cloning1
  • These markers are used by researchers and companies for various applications such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), northern blotting, southern blotting, and molecular cloning. (medgadget.com)
Comprises1
Glycine1
  • Glycine has a molecular weight of slightly over 75 grams/mole. (reference.com)
Atoms1
  • The molecular weight of copper is 63.546 multiplied by the number of atoms present in the sample. (reference.com)
Products1
Marker Market2
  • The global molecular weight marker market was valued at $265.36 million in 2014 and is poised to grow at a CAGR of 12.23 % between 2014 and 2019, to reach $472.47 million in 2019. (marketsandmarkets.com)
  • On the basis of end users the global molecular weight marker market report is segmented into academic research institutes, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations and other end users. (marketsandmarkets.com)
Amino acid1
  • Therefore, since the amino acid weight of proline, for instance, is 97.12, one mole of proline is equal to 97.12 grams of the substance. (wisegeek.com)
Methods1
  • It is difficult, using known methods, to control the molecular weight of the product of despolimerizaci6n. (google.com)
Masses2
Evaluation of molecular weight distribution from dynamic moduli | SpringerLink
Evaluation of molecular weight distribution from dynamic moduli | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
FDA Releases Guidance on Low Molecular Weight Heparin | Pharmaceutical Technology
FDA Releases Guidance on Low Molecular Weight Heparin | Pharmaceutical Technology (pharmtech.com)
Improved Yield of High Molecular Weight DNA Coincides with Increased Microbial Diversity Access from Iron Oxide Cemented Sub...
Improved Yield of High Molecular Weight DNA Coincides with Increased Microbial Diversity Access from Iron Oxide Cemented Sub... (journals.plos.org)
Measuring Chitosan Molecular Weight Using AF4-MALS-RI | Chromatography Online
Measuring Chitosan Molecular Weight Using AF4-MALS-RI | Chromatography Online (chromatographyonline.com)
Multi-step high purity high molecular weight DNA extraction protocol from challenging fungal tissues
Multi-step high purity high molecular weight DNA extraction protocol from challenging fungal tissues (protocols.io)
Europe Polyisobutylene Market Forecast to 2027 - COVID-19 Impact and Regional Analysis by Molecular Weight, Product,...
Europe Polyisobutylene Market Forecast to 2027 - COVID-19 Impact and Regional Analysis by Molecular Weight, Product,... (in.finance.yahoo.com)
Amazon.com: Ultra-Potent Hyaluronic Acid Powder - 10g | ❤ Molecular Weight Blend ❤ | Plant-Sourced | Skin Hydration &...
Amazon.com: Ultra-Potent Hyaluronic Acid Powder - 10g | ❤ Molecular Weight Blend ❤ | Plant-Sourced | Skin Hydration &... (amazon.com)
Sodium Chloride | Encyclopedia.com
Sodium Chloride | Encyclopedia.com (encyclopedia.com)
Potassium Chloride | Encyclopedia.com
Potassium Chloride | Encyclopedia.com (encyclopedia.com)
Polyvinyl Chloride | Encyclopedia.com
Polyvinyl Chloride | Encyclopedia.com (encyclopedia.com)
Nitrous Oxide | Encyclopedia.com
Nitrous Oxide | Encyclopedia.com (encyclopedia.com)
Chemicals Starting with K - Lab Chemicals - Grainger Industrial Supply
Chemicals Starting with K - Lab Chemicals - Grainger Industrial Supply (grainger.com)
Strattera Good Reviews, Meloxicam molecular weight
Strattera Good Reviews, Meloxicam molecular weight (seniorenzentrum-diedorf.com)
Low molecular weight heparins/warfarin | SpringerLink
Low molecular weight heparins/warfarin | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Training Manual on Gracilaria Culture and Seaweed Processing in China
Training Manual on Gracilaria Culture and Seaweed Processing in China (fao.org)
Services and Pricing - Proteomics Facility | MD Anderson Cancer Center
Services and Pricing - Proteomics Facility | MD Anderson Cancer Center (mdanderson.org)
April 28, 1888 - Scientific American
April 28, 1888 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
Molecular basis of β-amyloid oligomer recognition with a conformational antibody fragment | PNAS
Molecular basis of β-amyloid oligomer recognition with a conformational antibody fragment | PNAS (pnas.org)
Anticoagulants and Primary PCI | SpringerLink
Anticoagulants and Primary PCI | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Anti-ischemic Therapy, Pharmacologic...
Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Anti-ischemic Therapy, Pharmacologic... (emedicine.medscape.com)
Microdialysis Probes HMWCO (High Molecular Weight Cut-Off)
Microdialysis Probes HMWCO (High Molecular Weight Cut-Off) (scipro.com)
Proteinase K, Molecular Biology Grade | NEB
Proteinase K, Molecular Biology Grade | NEB (neb.com)
T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (TC PTP) | NEB
T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (TC PTP) | NEB (neb.com)
Deep Vent® (exo-) DNA Polymerase | NEB
Deep Vent® (exo-) DNA Polymerase | NEB (neb.com)
Medicinal Plant: Japanese Honeysuckle
Medicinal Plant: Japanese Honeysuckle (mason.gmu.edu/~cscottm/)
Lambda Exonuclease | NEB
Lambda Exonuclease | NEB (neb.com)
HAAG | NEB
HAAG | NEB (neb.com)
Α1-2,3,4,6 Fucosidase | NEB
Α1-2,3,4,6 Fucosidase | NEB (neb.com)
Mung Bean Nuclease | NEB
Mung Bean Nuclease | NEB (neb.com)