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Molar, ThirdMandibleTooth, ImpactedMaxillaTooth RootTooth MovementTooth, DeciduousBicuspidOdontometryTooth CrownHydatidiform MoleToothIncisorRadiography, PanoramicAlveolar ProcessTooth GermDental EnamelDental Pulp CavityDental ArchOdontogenesisTooth, UneruptedDentinDental ModelsOrthodontic AppliancesCuspidTooth MigrationMalocclusion, Angle Class IIMesial Movement of TeethDental OcclusionPeriodontal LigamentCephalometryDentition, PermanentOrthodontic Appliance DesignPaleodontologyMalocclusionTrismusRoot Canal TherapyTooth ExfoliationRoot ResorptionDental CementumPericoronitisPulpitisOdontoblastsDental CariesMandibular NerveAmeloblastsPulpectomyTooth SocketDental PulpEnamel OrganOrthodontic WiresBite ForceTooth ApexDentitionDry SocketDental Restoration, PermanentTooth CervixOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresMalocclusion, Angle Class ITooth Eruption, EctopicCrownsOrthodontics, CorrectiveKineticsDental SacDental Stress AnalysisTooth AbnormalitiesRoot Canal PreparationMandibular FracturesDental AlloysMandibular DiseasesDental Enamel HypoplasiaTooth MobilityMasticationAmelogenesisCone-Beam Computed TomographyGlass Ionomer CementsInlaysTrigeminal Nerve InjuriesDentin-Bonding AgentsSpace MaintenanceDental BondingRadiography, Dental, DigitalTooth WearResin CementsMaterials TestingMolecular WeightAlveolar Bone LossTooth AttritionPit and Fissure SealantsDiastemaCarticaineDentigerous CystRadiography, DentalAge Determination by TeethHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationDental Pulp CappingComposite ResinsOrthodontic RetainersDental Restoration FailureDentinogenesisLingual Nerve InjuriesExtraoral Traction AppliancesMaxillary DiseasesPhotography, DentalPulpotomyLiposomesUterine NeoplasmsPhosphatidylcholinesCattleSurface PropertiesPalate, HardDental Pulp ExposureDecalcification TechniqueSerial ExtractionDental Pulp CalcificationDenture, Partial, FixedAcid Etching, DentalTemperatureSpectrophotometryDental Enamel ProteinsAmino AcidsDental Implants, Single-ToothJaw Relation RecordOverbiteMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDental Occlusion, CentricTooth, SupernumeraryPeriodontal CystTooth CalcificationAmelogeninMaxillofacial DevelopmentElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEpithelial AttachmentRubber DamsBisphenol A-Glycidyl MethacrylateStatistics, NonparametricTime FactorsSpectrophotometry, UltravioletChromatography, GelPalatal Expansion TechniqueRumenDental FissuresGingival DiseasesFermentationProtein BindingDental Marginal AdaptationWaterPhospholipidsDentin PermeabilityChemistryOpen BiteFatty Acids, VolatileMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMolecular Sequence DataDental InstrumentsZinc Oxide-Eugenol CementPeriodontiumPhytic AcidChemical PhenomenaDental Service, HospitalNickelDentin, SecondaryDental CementsCarbohydratesDental AbutmentsX-Ray FilmForensic DentistryPhosphoric AcidsTooth LossDental Caries Activity TestsOrthodontic Appliances, FunctionalSodium HypochloritePalateOral Surgical ProceduresTitaniumPeriapical PeriodontitisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidMaxillary SinusToothacheVertical DimensionMacromolecular SubstancesLipid BilayersPain, PostoperativeDental Pulp NecrosisDental PapillaAmino Acid SequenceStainless SteelPlastic EmbeddingDental LeakageBinding SitesX-Ray Intensifying ScreensOrthodontic BracketsZygomaDental Pulp TestRabbitsDental Prosthesis DesignNasal BoneTrophoblastic NeoplasmsDental AmalgamX-Ray MicrotomographyCholesterol
Molar, Third: The aftermost permanent tooth on each side in the maxilla and mandible.Mandible: The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth.Tooth, Impacted: A tooth that is prevented from erupting by a physical barrier, usually other teeth. Impaction may also result from orientation of the tooth in an other than vertical position in the periodontal structures.Maxilla: One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.Tooth Root: The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690)Tooth Movement: Orthodontic techniques used to correct the malposition of a single tooth.Tooth, Deciduous: The teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth.Bicuspid: One of the eight permanent teeth, two on either side in each jaw, between the canines (CUSPID) and the molars (MOLAR), serving for grinding and crushing food. The upper have two cusps (bicuspid) but the lower have one to three. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p822)Odontometry: Measurement of tooth characteristics.Tooth Crown: The upper part of the tooth, which joins the lower part of the tooth (TOOTH ROOT) at the cervix (TOOTH CERVIX) at a line called the cementoenamel junction. The entire surface of the crown is covered with enamel which is thicker at the extremity and becomes progressively thinner toward the cervix. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p216)Hydatidiform Mole: Trophoblastic hyperplasia associated with normal gestation, or molar pregnancy. It is characterized by the swelling of the CHORIONIC VILLI and elevated human CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN. Hydatidiform moles or molar pregnancy may be categorized as complete or partial based on their gross morphology, histopathology, and karyotype.Tooth: One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing.Incisor: Any of the eight frontal teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) having a sharp incisal edge for cutting food and a single root, which occurs in man both as a deciduous and a permanent tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p820)Radiography, Panoramic: Extraoral body-section radiography depicting an entire maxilla, or both maxilla and mandible, on a single film.Alveolar Process: The thickest and spongiest part of the maxilla and mandible hollowed out into deep cavities for the teeth.Tooth Germ: The collective tissues from which an entire tooth is formed, including the DENTAL SAC; ENAMEL ORGAN; and DENTAL PAPILLA. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Dental Enamel: A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)Dental Pulp Cavity: The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.Dental Arch: The curve formed by the row of TEETH in their normal position in the JAW. The inferior dental arch is formed by the mandibular teeth, and the superior dental arch by the maxillary teeth.Odontogenesis: The process of TOOTH formation. It is divided into several stages including: the dental lamina stage, the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage. Odontogenesis includes the production of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS), dentin (DENTINOGENESIS), and dental cementum (CEMENTOGENESIS).Tooth, Unerupted: A normal developing tooth which has not yet perforated the oral mucosa or one that fails to erupt in the normal sequence or time interval expected for the type of tooth in a given gender, age, or population group.Dentin: The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Dental Models: Presentation devices used for patient education and technique training in dentistry.Orthodontic Appliances: Devices used for influencing tooth position. Orthodontic appliances may be classified as fixed or removable, active or retaining, and intraoral or extraoral. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p19)Cuspid: The third tooth to the left and to the right of the midline of either jaw, situated between the second INCISOR and the premolar teeth (BICUSPID). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p817)Tooth Migration: The movement of teeth into altered positions in relationship to the basal bone of the ALVEOLAR PROCESS and to adjoining and opposing teeth as a result of loss of approximating or opposing teeth, occlusal interferences, habits, inflammatory and dystrophic disease of the attaching and supporting structures of the teeth. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Malocclusion, Angle Class II: Malocclusion in which the mandible is posterior to the maxilla as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (distoclusion).Mesial Movement of Teeth: Migration of the teeth toward the midline or forward in the DENTAL ARCH. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Dental Occlusion: The relationship of all the components of the masticatory system in normal function. It has special reference to the position and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth for the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p556, p472)Periodontal Ligament: The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).Cephalometry: The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD.Dentition, Permanent: The 32 teeth of adulthood that either replace or are added to the complement of deciduous teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Orthodontic Appliance Design: The planning, calculation, and creation of an apparatus for the purpose of correcting the placement or straightening of teeth.Paleodontology: The study of the teeth of early forms of life through fossil remains.Malocclusion: Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)Trismus: Spasmodic contraction of the masseter muscle resulting in forceful jaw closure. This may be seen with a variety of diseases, including TETANUS, as a complication of radiation therapy, trauma, or in association with neoplastic conditions.Root Canal Therapy: A treatment modality in endodontics concerned with the therapy of diseases of the dental pulp. For preparatory procedures, ROOT CANAL PREPARATION is available.Tooth Exfoliation: Physiologic loss of the primary dentition. (Zwemer, Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Root Resorption: Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed)Dental Cementum: The bonelike rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth from the cementoenamel junction to the apex and lining the apex of the root canal, also assisting in tooth support by serving as attachment structures for the periodontal ligament. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Pericoronitis: Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth.Pulpitis: Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture, or other conditions causing exposure of the pulp to bacterial invasion. Chemical irritants, thermal factors, hyperemic changes, and other factors may also cause pulpitis.OdontoblastsDental Caries: Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.Mandibular Nerve: A branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The mandibular nerve carries motor fibers to the muscles of mastication and sensory fibers to the teeth and gingivae, the face in the region of the mandible, and parts of the dura.Ameloblasts: Cylindrical epithelial cells in the innermost layer of the ENAMEL ORGAN. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the DENTAL ENAMEL), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Pulpectomy: Dental procedure in which the entire pulp chamber is removed from the crown and roots of a tooth.Tooth Socket: A hollow part of the alveolar process of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE where each tooth fits and is attached via the periodontal ligament.Dental Pulp: A richly vascularized and innervated connective tissue of mesodermal origin, contained in the central cavity of a tooth and delimited by the dentin, and having formative, nutritive, sensory, and protective functions. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Enamel Organ: Epithelial cells surrounding the dental papilla and differentiated into three layers: the inner enamel epithelium, consisting of ameloblasts which eventually form the enamel, and the enamel pulp and external enamel epithelium, both of which atrophy and disappear before and upon eruption of the tooth, respectively.Orthodontic Wires: Wires of various dimensions and grades made of stainless steel or precious metal. They are used in orthodontic treatment.Bite Force: The force applied by the masticatory muscles in dental occlusion.Tooth Apex: The tip or terminal end of the root of a tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p62)Dentition: The teeth collectively in the dental arch. Dentition ordinarily refers to the natural teeth in position in their alveoli. Dentition referring to the deciduous teeth is DENTITION, PRIMARY; to the permanent teeth, DENTITION, PERMANENT. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Dry Socket: A condition sometimes occurring after tooth extraction, particularly after traumatic extraction, resulting in a dry appearance of the exposed bone in the socket, due to disintegration or loss of the blood clot. It is basically a focal osteomyelitis without suppuration and is accompanied by severe pain (alveolalgia) and foul odor. (Dorland, 28th ed)Dental Restoration, Permanent: A restoration designed to remain in service for not less than 20 to 30 years, usually made of gold casting, cohesive gold, or amalgam. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Tooth Cervix: The constricted part of the tooth at the junction of the crown and root or roots. It is often referred to as the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), the line at which the cementum covering the root of a tooth and the enamel of the tooth meet. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p530, p433)Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures: Attachment of orthodontic devices and materials to the MOUTH area for support and to provide a counterforce to orthodontic forces.Malocclusion, Angle Class I: Malocclusion in which the mandible and maxilla are anteroposteriorly normal as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (i.e., in neutroclusion), but in which individual teeth are abnormally related to each other.Tooth Eruption, Ectopic: An abnormality in the direction of a TOOTH ERUPTION.Crowns: A prosthetic restoration that reproduces the entire surface anatomy of the visible natural crown of a tooth. It may be partial (covering three or more surfaces of a tooth) or complete (covering all surfaces). It is made of gold or other metal, porcelain, or resin.Orthodontics, Corrective: The phase of orthodontics concerned with the correction of malocclusion with proper appliances and prevention of its sequelae (Jablonski's Illus. Dictionary of Dentistry).Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Dental Sac: Dense fibrous layer formed from mesodermal tissue that surrounds the epithelial enamel organ. The cells eventually migrate to the external surface of the newly formed root dentin and give rise to the cementoblasts that deposit cementum on the developing root, fibroblasts of the developing periodontal ligament, and osteoblasts of the developing alveolar bone.Dental Stress Analysis: The description and measurement of the various factors that produce physical stress upon dental restorations, prostheses, or appliances, materials associated with them, or the natural oral structures.Tooth Abnormalities: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the teeth.Root Canal Preparation: Preparatory activities in ROOT CANAL THERAPY by partial or complete extirpation of diseased pulp, cleaning and sterilization of the empty canal, enlarging and shaping the canal to receive the sealing material. The cavity may be prepared by mechanical, sonic, chemical, or other means. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1700)Mandibular Fractures: Fractures of the lower jaw.Dental Alloys: A mixture of metallic elements or compounds with other metallic or metalloid elements in varying proportions for use in restorative or prosthetic dentistry.Mandibular DiseasesDental Enamel Hypoplasia: An acquired or hereditary condition due to deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental factors.Tooth Mobility: Horizontal and, to a lesser degree, axial movement of a tooth in response to normal forces, as in occlusion. It refers also to the movability of a tooth resulting from loss of all or a portion of its attachment and supportive apparatus, as seen in periodontitis, occlusal trauma, and periodontosis. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p507 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p313)Mastication: The act and process of chewing and grinding food in the mouth.Amelogenesis: The elaboration of dental enamel by ameloblasts, beginning with its participation in the formation of the dentino-enamel junction to the production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992).Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: Computed tomography modalities which use a cone or pyramid-shaped beam of radiation.Glass Ionomer Cements: A polymer obtained by reacting polyacrylic acid with a special anion-leachable glass (alumino-silicate). The resulting cement is more durable and tougher than others in that the materials comprising the polymer backbone do not leach out.Inlays: Restorations of metal, porcelain, or plastic made to fit a cavity preparation, then cemented into the tooth. Onlays are restorations which fit into cavity preparations and overlay the occlusal surface of a tooth or teeth. Onlays are retained by frictional or mechanical factors.Trigeminal Nerve Injuries: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated with various dental treatments.Dentin-Bonding Agents: Cements that act through infiltration and polymerization within the dentinal matrix and are used for dental restoration. They can be adhesive resins themselves, adhesion-promoting monomers, or polymerization initiators that act in concert with other agents to form a dentin-bonding system.Space MaintenanceDental Bonding: An adhesion procedure for orthodontic attachments, such as plastic DENTAL CROWNS. This process usually includes the application of an adhesive material (DENTAL CEMENTS) and letting it harden in-place by light or chemical curing.Radiography, Dental, Digital: A rapid, low-dose, digital imaging system using a small intraoral sensor instead of radiographic film, an intensifying screen, and a charge-coupled device. It presents the possibility of reduced patient exposure and minimal distortion, although resolution and latitude are inferior to standard dental radiography. A receiver is placed in the mouth, routing signals to a computer which images the signals on a screen or in print. It includes digitizing from x-ray film or any other detector. (From MEDLINE abstracts; personal communication from Dr. Charles Berthold, NIDR)Tooth Wear: Loss of the tooth substance by chemical or mechanical processesResin Cements: Dental cements composed either of polymethyl methacrylate or dimethacrylate, produced by mixing an acrylic monomer liquid with acrylic polymers and mineral fillers. The cement is insoluble in water and is thus resistant to fluids in the mouth, but is also irritating to the dental pulp. It is used chiefly as a luting agent for fabricated and temporary restorations. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p159)Materials Testing: The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.Molecular Weight: The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.Alveolar Bone Loss: Resorption or wasting of the tooth-supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS) in the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE.Tooth Attrition: The wearing away of a tooth as a result of tooth-to-tooth contact, as in mastication, occurring only on the occlusal, incisal, and proximal surfaces. It is chiefly associated with aging. It is differentiated from TOOTH ABRASION (the pathologic wearing away of the tooth substance by friction, as brushing, bruxism, clenching, and other mechanical causes) and from TOOTH EROSION (the loss of substance caused by chemical action without bacterial action). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p86)Pit and Fissure Sealants: Agents used to occlude dental enamel pits and fissures in the prevention of dental caries.Diastema: An abnormal opening or fissure between two adjacent teeth.Carticaine: A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.Dentigerous Cyst: Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in rare instances, undergo malignant transformation.Radiography, Dental: Radiographic techniques used in dentistry.Age Determination by Teeth: A means of identifying the age of an animal or human through tooth examination.Hydrogen-Ion Concentration: The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Dental Pulp Capping: Application of a protective agent to an exposed pulp (direct capping) or the remaining thin layer of dentin over a nearly exposed pulp (indirect capping) in order to allow the pulp to recover and maintain its normal vitality and function.Composite Resins: Synthetic resins, containing an inert filler, that are widely used in dentistry.Orthodontic Retainers: Orthodontic appliances, fixed or removable, used to maintain teeth in corrected positions during the period of functional adaptation following corrective treatment. These appliances are also used to maintain the positions of the teeth and jaws gained by orthodontic procedures. (From Zwemer, Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p263)Dental Restoration Failure: Inability or inadequacy of a dental restoration or prosthesis to perform as expected.Dentinogenesis: The formation of dentin. Dentin first appears in the layer between the ameloblasts and odontoblasts and becomes calcified immediately. Formation progresses from the tip of the papilla over its slope to form a calcified cap becoming thicker by the apposition of new layers pulpward. A layer of uncalcified dentin intervenes between the calcified tissue and the odontoblast and its processes. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Lingual Nerve Injuries: Traumatic injuries to the LINGUAL NERVE. It may be a complication following dental treatments.Extraoral Traction Appliances: Extraoral devices for applying force to the dentition in order to avoid some of the problems in anchorage control met with in intermaxillary traction and to apply force in directions not otherwise possible.Maxillary DiseasesPhotography, Dental: Photographic techniques used in ORTHODONTICS; DENTAL ESTHETICS; and patient education.Pulpotomy: Dental procedure in which part of the pulp chamber is removed from the crown of a tooth.Liposomes: Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins.Uterine Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids.Cattle: Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.Surface Properties: Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.Palate, Hard: The anteriorly located rigid section of the PALATE.Dental Pulp Exposure: The result of pathological changes in the hard tissue of a tooth caused by carious lesions, mechanical factors, or trauma, which render the pulp susceptible to bacterial invasion from the external environment.Decalcification Technique: Removal of minerals from bones during bone examination.Serial Extraction: The selective extraction of deciduous teeth during the stage of mixed dentition in accordance with the shedding and eruption of the teeth. It is done over an extended period to allow autonomous adjustment to relieve crowding of the dental arches during the eruption of the lateral incisors, canines, and premolars, eventually involving the extraction of the first premolar teeth. (Dorland, 28th ed)Dental Pulp CalcificationDenture, Partial, Fixed: A partial denture attached to prepared natural teeth, roots, or implants by cementation.Acid Etching, Dental: Preparation of TOOTH surfaces and DENTAL MATERIALS with etching agents, usually phosphoric acid, to roughen the surface to increase adhesion or osteointegration.Temperature: The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.Spectrophotometry: The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.Dental Enamel Proteins: The proteins that are part of the dental enamel matrix.Amino Acids: Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.Dental Implants, Single-Tooth: Devices, usually alloplastic, surgically inserted into or onto the jawbone, which support a single prosthetic tooth and serve either as abutments or as cosmetic replacements for missing teeth.Jaw Relation Record: A registration of any positional relationship of the mandible in reference to the maxillae. These records may be any of the many vertical, horizontal, or orientation relations. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)Overbite: A malocclusion in which maxillary incisor and canine teeth project over the mandiblar teeth excessively. The overlap is measured perpendicular to the occlusal plane and is also called vertical overlap. When the overlap is measured parallel to the occlusal plane it is referred to as overjet.Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).Dental Occlusion, Centric: Contact between opposing teeth during a person's habitual bite.Tooth, Supernumerary: An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their eruption.Periodontal Cyst: An epithelium-lined sac containing fluid; usually found at the apex of a pulp-involved tooth. The lateral type occurs less frequently along the side of the root.Tooth Calcification: The process whereby calcium salts are deposited in the dental enamel. The process is normal in the development of bones and teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p43)Amelogenin: A major dental enamel-forming protein found in mammals. In humans the protein is encoded by GENES found on both the X CHROMOSOME and the Y CHROMOSOME.Maxillofacial Development: The process of growth and differentiation of the jaws and face.Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel: Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.Epithelial Attachment: A wedge-shaped collar of epithelial cells which form the attachment of the gingiva to the tooth surface at the base of the gingival crevice.Rubber Dams: Sheets of latex rubber punched and placed over the teeth during dental procedures to isolate the field of operation from the rest of the oral cavity (Jablonski; Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982). Rubber dams are useful in preventing the swallowing of instruments or restorations during dental work.Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate: The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.Statistics, Nonparametric: A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet: Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Chromatography, Gel: Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.Palatal Expansion Technique: An orthodontic method used for correcting narrow or collapsed maxillary arches and functional cross-bite. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry),Rumen: The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)Dental Fissures: Deep grooves or clefts in the surface of teeth equivalent to class 1 cavities in Black's classification of dental caries.Gingival DiseasesFermentation: Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.Protein Binding: The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.Dental Marginal Adaptation: The degree of approximation or fit of filling material or dental prosthetic to the tooth surface. A close marginal adaptation and seal at the interface is important for successful dental restorations.Water: A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Phospholipids: Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.Dentin Permeability: The property of dentin that permits passage of light, heat, cold, and chemical substances. It does not include penetration by microorganisms.Chemistry: A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.Open Bite: A condition in which certain opposing teeth fail to establish occlusal contact when the jaws are closed.Fatty Acids, Volatile: Short-chain fatty acids of up to six carbon atoms in length. They are the major end products of microbial fermentation in the ruminant digestive tract and have also been implicated in the causation of neurological diseases in humans.Microscopy, Electron, Scanning: Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Dental Instruments: Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks.Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement: Used as a dental cement this is mainly zinc oxide (with strengtheners and accelerators) and eugenol. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p50)Periodontium: The structures surrounding and supporting the tooth. Periodontium includes the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.Phytic Acid: Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent.Chemical Phenomena: The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.Dental Service, Hospital: Hospital department providing dental care.Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.Dentin, Secondary: Dentin formed by normal pulp after completion of root end formation.Dental Cements: Substances used to bond COMPOSITE RESINS to DENTAL ENAMEL and DENTIN. These bonding or luting agents are used in restorative dentistry, ROOT CANAL THERAPY; PROSTHODONTICS; and ORTHODONTICS.Carbohydrates: The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.Dental Abutments: Natural teeth or teeth roots used as anchorage for a fixed or removable denture or other prosthesis (such as an implant) serving the same purpose.X-Ray Film: A film base coated with an emulsion designed for use with x-rays.Forensic Dentistry: The application of dental knowledge to questions of law.Phosphoric Acids: Inorganic derivatives of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Note that organic derivatives of phosphoric acids are listed under ORGANOPHOSPHATES.Tooth Loss: The failure to retain teeth as a result of disease or injury.Dental Caries Activity Tests: Diagnostic tests conducted in order to measure the increment of active DENTAL CARIES over a period of time.Orthodontic Appliances, Functional: Loose, usually removable intra-oral devices which alter the muscle forces against the teeth and craniofacial skeleton. These are dynamic appliances which depend on altered neuromuscular action to effect bony growth and occlusal development. They are usually used in mixed dentition to treat pediatric malocclusions. (ADA, 1992)Sodium Hypochlorite: It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Palate: The structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It consists of the anterior hard palate (PALATE, HARD) and the posterior soft palate (PALATE, SOFT).Oral Surgical Procedures: Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region.Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts; atomic number, 22; atomic weight, 47.90; symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. (Dorland, 28th ed)Periapical Periodontitis: Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid: Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.Maxillary Sinus: The air space located in the body of the MAXILLARY BONE near each cheek. Each maxillary sinus communicates with the middle passage (meatus) of the NASAL CAVITY on the same side.Toothache: Pain in the adjacent areas of the teeth.Vertical Dimension: The length of the face determined by the distance of separation of jaws. Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD or VDO) or contact vertical dimension is the lower face height with the teeth in centric occlusion. Rest vertical dimension (VDR) is the lower face height measured from a chin point to a point just below the nose, with the mandible in rest position. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p250)Macromolecular Substances: Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.Lipid Bilayers: Layers of lipid molecules which are two molecules thick. Bilayer systems are frequently studied as models of biological membranes.Pain, Postoperative: Pain during the period after surgery.Dental Pulp Necrosis: Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp mummification.Dental Papilla: Mesodermal tissue enclosed in the invaginated portion of the epithelial enamel organ and giving rise to the dentin and pulp.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Stainless Steel: Stainless steel. A steel containing Ni, Cr, or both. It does not tarnish on exposure and is used in corrosive environments. (Grant & Hack's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Plastic Embedding: The infiltrating of histological specimens with plastics, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins and polyethylene glycol, for support of the tissues in preparation for sectioning with a microtome.Dental Leakage: The seepage of fluids, debris, and micro-organisms between the walls of a prepared dental cavity and the restoration.Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.X-Ray Intensifying Screens: Screens which absorb the energy in the x-ray beam that has penetrated the patient and convert this energy into a light pattern which has as nearly as possible the same information as the original x-ray beam. The more light a screen produces for a given input of x-radiation, the less x-ray exposure and thus shorter exposure time are needed to expose the film. In most film-screen systems, the film is sandwiched between two screens in a cassette so that the emulsion on each side is exposed to the light from its contiguous screen.Orthodontic Brackets: Small metal or ceramic attachments used to fasten an arch wire. These attachments are soldered or welded to an orthodontic band or cemented directly onto the teeth. Bowles brackets, edgewise brackets, multiphase brackets, ribbon arch brackets, twin-wire brackets, and universal brackets are all types of orthodontic brackets.Zygoma: Either of a pair of bones that form the prominent part of the CHEEK and contribute to the ORBIT on each side of the SKULL.Dental Pulp Test: Investigations conducted on the physical health of teeth involving use of a tool that transmits hot or cold electric currents on a tooth's surface that can determine problems with that tooth based on reactions to the currents.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Dental Prosthesis Design: The plan and delineation of dental prostheses in general or a specific dental prosthesis. It does not include DENTURE DESIGN. The framework usually consists of metal.Nasal Bone: Either one of the two small elongated rectangular bones that together form the bridge of the nose.Trophoblastic Neoplasms: Trophoblastic growth, which may be gestational or nongestational in origin. Trophoblastic neoplasia resulting from pregnancy is often described as gestational trophoblastic disease to distinguish it from germ cell tumors which frequently show trophoblastic elements, and from the trophoblastic differentiation which sometimes occurs in a wide variety of epithelial cancers. Gestational trophoblastic growth has several forms, including HYDATIDIFORM MOLE and CHORIOCARCINOMA. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1691)Dental Amalgam: An alloy used in restorative dentistry that contains mercury, silver, tin, copper, and possibly zinc.X-Ray Microtomography: X-RAY COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY with resolution in the micrometer range.Cholesterol: The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.

The root surface in human teeth: a microradiographic study. (1/1126)

In an attempt to clarify the nature of the human cemento-dentinal junction, ground sections of incompletely formed and fully formed extracted teeth were prepared and their histology compared with their microradiographic appearances. The results showed that incompletely formed teeth possess distinctive surface layers outside the granular layer of Tomes. The evidence indicates that these layers are of dentinal origin; their presence during development supports previous explanations by the author of the hyaline layer of Hopewell-Smith and of so-called intermediate cementum. The results also indicate that the granular layer of Tomes does not represent the outer limit of root dentine. The relationship of these surface layers to the definitive cementum which is present in fully formed teeth was studied in both young and older patients. From the results it was concluded that cementum formation begins in the more apical region of the teeth at a time when root formation is well advanced, and that it spreads towards the crown rather than in the generally accepted reverse direction.  (+info)

Modified cuspal relationships of mandibular molar teeth in children with Down's syndrome. (2/1126)

A total of 50 permanent mandibular 1st molars of 26 children with Down's syndrome (DS) were examined from dental casts and 59 permanent mandibular 1st molars of normal children were examined from 33 individuals. The following measurements were performed on both right and left molars (teeth 46 and 36 respectively): (a) the intercusp distances (mb-db, mb-d, mb-dl, db-ml, db-d, db-dl, db-ml, d-dl, d-ml, dl-ml); (b) the db-mb-ml, mb-db-ml, mb-ml-db, d-mb-dl, mb-d-dl, mb-dl-d angles; (c) the area of the pentagon formed by connecting the cusp tips. All intercusp distances were significantly smaller in the DS group. Stepwise logistic regression, applied to all the intercusp distances, was used to design a multivariate probability model for DS and normals. A model based on 2 distances only, mb-dl and mb-db, proved sufficient to discriminate between the teeth of DS and the normal population. The model for tooth 36 for example was as follows: p(DS) = (e(30.6-5.6(mb-dl)+25(mb-db)))/(1 + e(30.6 5.6(mb-dl)+25(mb db))). A similar model for tooth 46 was also created, as well as a model which incorporated both teeth. With respect to the angles, significant differences between DS and normals were found in 3 out of the 6 angles which were measured: the d-mb-dl angle was smaller than in normals, the mb-d-dl angle was higher, and the mb-dl-d angle was smaller. The dl cusp was located closer to the centre of the tooth. The change in size occurs at an early stage, while the change in shape occurs in a later stage of tooth formation in the DS population.  (+info)

A modern human pattern of dental development in lower pleistocene hominids from Atapuerca-TD6 (Spain). (3/1126)

The study of life history evolution in hominids is crucial for the discernment of when and why humans have acquired our unique maturational pattern. Because the development of dentition is critically integrated into the life cycle in mammals, the determination of the time and pattern of dental development represents an appropriate method to infer changes in life history variables that occurred during hominid evolution. Here we present evidence derived from Lower Pleistocene human fossil remains recovered from the TD6 level (Aurora stratum) of the Gran Dolina site in the Sierra de Atapuerca, northern Spain. These hominids present a pattern of development similar to that of Homo sapiens, although some aspects (e.g., delayed M3 calcification) are not as derived as that of European populations and people of European origin. This evidence, taken together with the present knowledge of cranial capacity of these and other late Early Pleistocene hominids, supports the view that as early as 0.8 Ma at least one Homo species shared with modern humans a prolonged pattern of maturation.  (+info)

An autoradiographical study of [3H]thymidine incorporation into subcutaneously transplanted mouse molar teeth. Cell proliferation and migration in transplanted teeth. (4/1126)

Mice bearing either allografts or isografts of 10 day old molar teeth were injected with [3H]thymidine to identify proliferating and migrating cells within the graft and surrounding tissues. In isografts proliferating cells were found successively in the area underlying the cervix, in the cervical pulp and the coronal pulp. However, cells did not migrate from the cervical host tissue into the pulp, and it was concluded that donor cells are responsible for reparative processes in tooth isografts. Very few labelled cells were identified at any time in tooth allografts, which were not repaired. It is suggested that allografts are not repaired because allogeneic inhibition prevents the residual donor tissue from proliferating and differentiating. Inhibition of proliferation of residual cells may also account for the absence of a cell-mediated immune response to tooth allografts.  (+info)

Arrested eruption of the permanent lower second molar. (5/1126)

The incidence of retention/impaction of the permanent lower second molar (M2inf) lies between 0.6/1000 and 3/1000. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the craniofacial morphology, the frequency of dental anomalies and the inclination of the affected M2inf and the adjacent first molar in patients with arrested eruption of M2inf. The overall goal was to elucidate the aetiology of arrested tooth eruption and to present the characteristics of these patients in order to improve diagnosis and treatment planning. Radiographic material (profile radiographs and orthopantomograms) from 19 patients (nine females and 10 males; 13-19 years of age at the time of referral) were analysed. The ages of the patients when profile radiographs were taken for cephalometric analysis varied from 8 to 16 years. The study shows that this group of patients, compared with a reference group, had an increased sagittal jaw relationship (Class II). Specifically, the mandibular prognathism was less, the mandibular gonial angle smaller, the mandibular alveolar prognathism enlarged and the maxillary incisor inclination less than in the reference group. Furthermore, this group of patients had a more frequent occurrence of morphological tooth anomalies, such as root deflections, invaginations, and taurodontism. However, none of the patients with arrested eruption of M2inf had agenesis of the lower third molar. The study did not reveal an association between the degree of inclination of the M2inf and that of the first molar in the same region. The results of this investigation show that conditions such as the craniofacial morphology and deviations in the dentition are associated with arrested eruption of M2inf. Therefore, it is important to evaluate these conditions in future diagnosis and treatment planning of patients with arrested eruption of M2inf.  (+info)

Histological and histochemical quantification of root resorption incident to the application of intrusive force to rat molars. (6/1126)

This study was conducted to investigate the nature of root resorption resulting from intrusive forces applied to the rat lower molars, by means of histological and histochemical techniques with tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Thirty-eight 13-week-old Wistar strain male rats were used. Intrusive force was created by a fixed appliance which was adjusted to exert an initial force of 50 g for the duration of 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The degree of root resorption and distribution of TRAP positive cells were evaluated. On the root surface, the TRAP positive scores were low in the apical regions. Significant differences in the scores were found in the inter-radicular region of the roots between the experimental and control groups for the 2- and 3-week groups. More active resorption of bone occurred during the experimental period, as denoted by greater TRAP positive scores on the bone than on the root surface. Root resorption scores in the apical root region were larger in the 2- and 3-week groups than in the 1-week group. Significant differences in the root resorption scores were also found between the 1- and 3-week groups in the inter-radicular region, indicating that intrusive force application of a longer duration may lead to a higher frequency of root resorption. It is shown that, irrespective of the level of TRAP positive cells and root resorption scores, the degree of root resorption activity is higher in the apical root region than in the inter-radicular area. These results indicate that cellular cementum may be resorbed more easily because of its richer organic components and low mineralized structure.  (+info)

Histochemical studies of glycosaminoglycans in developing periodontal ligaments of ICR mice. (7/1126)

Although the periodontal ligament (PL) contains an abundance of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), there are only a few histochemical studies describing GAGs in the developing PL. In the present study, the relationship between the formation of principal fibers and the molecular species of GAGs in the developing PL was examined by light microscopic histochemistry. Jcl:ICR mice were killed on day 0 to day 28 after birth. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were routinely made and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Azan, or the sensitized high iron diamine (S-HID) procedure combined with enzyme digestions. Before tooth eruption, thin threads of collagen fibers in the PL assembled and constructed principal fibers, which projected from both the side of the alveolar bone and the root of the tooth. After tooth eruption, the principal fibers from both sides were tightly entangled. In the developing PL, the molecular species of GAGs was mainly dermatan sulfate. Moreover, the relative amount of dermatan sulfate increased together with the maturation of the principal fibers, while the principal fibers adjacent to the alveolar bone and cementum contained chondroitin sulfate. These results suggest that dermatan sulfate contributes to collagen fiber assembly in the PL and that chondroitin sulfate relates to PL adhesion to the alveolar bone and to the cementum of the root.  (+info)

Collagen-phagocytosing ability of periodontal osteoblasts at the bone surface. (8/1126)

The collagen-phagocytosing activity of osteoblasts at the alveolar bone-ligament interface of rat mandibular first molars was investigated both histologically and histochemically. Alveolar bones of male Wistar rats (6 months old) were used in this study. Collagen-containing phagosomes appeared in cuboidal osteoblasts aligned on the bone surface. The 5.7% of the osteoblasts exhibiting alkaline phosphatase activity revealed collagen-containing phagosomes, and the collagen fibrils within the phagosomes were at various stages of degradation. In addition, acid phosphatase activity and the immunocytochemical distribution of cathepsin B were found in these collagen-containing phagosomes at similar locations. The presence of both enzymes in the phagosomes suggests that an intracellular degradation of collagen occurs. Therefore, in addition to the osteoblastic functions of synthesizing and secreting bone matrices, osteoblasts are also capable of phagocytosis and the intracellular disintegration of collagen. Our findings suggest that osteoblasts at the alveolar bone-periodontal ligament interface have a collagen-phagocytosing ability and play an important role in the physiological remodeling and metabolic breakdown of collagen fibrils of periodontal ligament without osteoclastic bone remodeling.  (+info)

Eruption Guidance of Horizontally Impacted Permanent First Molar with Primary Retention of Primary Second Molars: Case ReportsEruption Guidance of Horizontally Impacted Permanent First Molar with Primary Retention of Primary Second Molars: Case Reports
Under general anesthesia, to avoid damaging the premolar tooth bud, after flap elevation for the surgical approach, we extracted the ankylosed primary mandibular second molar in sections. After gingivectomy, orthodontic traction of the mandibular first molar was prepared by attaching a lingual button with ligature wire to the exposed occlusal surface (Fig. 4). Using a modified Nance holding arch and power chain, traction of the horizontally impacted first molar was initiated and maintained for 6 months (Fig. 5), leading to approximately 45° improvement in angle and root dilaceration of the first molar was observed. Next, using a modified Halterman appliance, we positioned a new anchor and enforced distalization of the improved mandibular left first molar and planned distal movement of locked mandibular right first molar. Mandibular right first molar was relocated into proper position after 3 months, and tilting of the left mandibular first molar was almost upright after 6 months. Subsequently, ...
Loss of First Permanent Molar Teeth in Patients Attending in OPDs of Selected Dental Hospitals in Dhaka City |...Loss of First Permanent Molar Teeth in Patients Attending in OPDs of Selected Dental Hospitals in Dhaka City |...
Teeth loss, especially first permanent molar teeth loss is the ultimate barometer of failure or success in dentistry and dental health programs. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 patients attending in outpatient department of selected dental hospitals in Dhaka city to find out the loss of first permanent molar teeth among them. Regarding age (34.8%) of the respondents were below 25 years followed by 25.5% between 25 35 years (mean age 33.16 ± 14.10 years). In case of educational status (31%) completed primary education followed by 16.2% were graduates and 33.3% were illiterates. Majority (59.5%) of the respondents had monthly family income below 5000 BDT (mean income 6802.39 ± 6630. 39 BDT). Among the respondents, 33.8% knew brushing technique and 79.5% of them brushed once in a day. Majority (68.5%) of them used tooth paste for brushing and tooth brush was used by 67.1% of the respondents. In case of first permanent molar tooth missing, 50% missed lower left, 19.6% lower right, ...
Endodontology : Table of ContentsEndodontology : Table of Contents
Aim: The current study evaluated the root and root canal anatomy of permanent mandibular first molar teeth of an Indian population. Materials and Methods: A total of 486 freshly extracted human permanent noncarious mandibular first molar teeth were acquired from a pool of extracted teeth of patients of indigenous Indian population. The root canal morphology (including the root numbers) and the anatomy of the root canal system (including the number and type of canals based on Vertuccis classification) were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography. Results: Predominantly, the studied specimens exhibited two roots with a prevalence of 86.84%, followed by three roots with a prevalence of 13.16%. The third root was exclusively found on the lingual aspect of distal roots. The two- and three-rooted permanent mandibular first molars exhibited two, three, and four in 1.64%, 55.34%, and 43.02% of teeth, respectively. In the mesial roots, the most common pattern was Type IV (54.94%), followed by Type ...
Initial features of the inner dental epithelium histo-morphogenesis in the first lower molar in mouse - Institut de Génomique...Initial features of the inner dental epithelium histo-morphogenesis in the first lower molar in mouse - Institut de Génomique...
H. Lesot, R. Peterkova, R. Schmitt, J. M Meyer, L. Viriot, J. L Vonesch, B. Senger, M. Peterka, and J. V Ruch (1999) Int J Dev Biol, 43(3):245-54.. ...
Accessory roots in maxillary molar teeth: A review and endodontic considerations<...Accessory roots in maxillary molar teeth: A review and endodontic considerations<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Accessory roots in maxillary molar teeth: A review and endodontic considerations. AU - Ahmed, HM. AU - Abbott, Paul. PY - 2012. Y1 - 2012. U2 - 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2012.01678.x. DO - 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2012.01678.x. M3 - Article. C2 - 22624750. VL - 57. SP - 123. EP - 131. JO - Australian Dental Journal. JF - Australian Dental Journal. SN - 0045-0421. ER - ...
Incidence and relationship of an additional root in the mandibular first permanent molar and primary molars<...Incidence and relationship of an additional root in the mandibular first permanent molar and primary molars<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Incidence and relationship of an additional root in the mandibular first permanent molar and primary molars. AU - Song, Je Seon. AU - Kim, Seong Oh. AU - Choi, Byung Jai. AU - Choi, Hyung Jun. AU - Son, Heung Kyu. AU - Lee, Jae Ho. PY - 2009/1/1. Y1 - 2009/1/1. N2 - Objectives: The mandibular first permanent and primary molars occasionally have an additional root located distolingually. This study aimed to determine the incidences of an additional root in these molars and their relationship. Study design: This study involved 4050 children for whom periapical radiographs of the mandibular molar area were available. The incidence of an additional root for each molar was calculated and the pattern of concurrent additional roots in different molars was also investigated. Results: Additional roots were present in 33.1%, 27.8%, and 9.7% of the first permanent, second primary, and first primary molars, respectively. When an additional root was present in a primary molar, the probability ...
Incidence of mesio-buccal canal (MB2) in permanent maxillary first molar in an ındian sub-population of pune by cbct- a...Incidence of mesio-buccal canal (MB2) in permanent maxillary first molar in an ındian sub-population of pune by cbct- a...
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the most prevalent root canal configuration and the incidence of a second mesio-buccal (MB2) canal in maxillary first molar root in an Indian sub-population of Pune, Maharashtra, India by reviewing cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. Methods: Patients who had undergone CBCT scanning for various treatment modalities were retrospectively viewed for the presence of second MB2 canal in the permanent maxillary first molar. Scanning was performed at Peraden & Elite CBCT, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Each tooth was assessed in 1 mm axial and 0.5 mm sagittal sections, to evaluate the presence of a MB2 canal. The images had been evaluated by a maxillofacial radiologist. Results: In total of 117 teeth examined, MB-2 was present in 79 teeth. The prevalence of MB-2 in maxillary first molar was found to be 67.5% in an Indian subpopulation. As far as root canal morphology is concerned, Vertucci Type I was the most common type. Conclusion: Knowing the ...
Two-Rooted Maxillary First Molars with Two Canals:A Case Series | Iranian Endodontic JournalTwo-Rooted Maxillary First Molars with Two Canals:A Case Series | Iranian Endodontic Journal
Thorough understanding of the anatomic and internal morphology of a root canal system is absolutely essential for the success of endodontic treatment. Since permanent maxillary first molars have shown variation in internal anatomy, morphology, this tooth has been reviewed extensively. Presence of two canals in a two-rooted maxillary first molar has rarely been reported in studies describing tooth and root canal anatomies. In this report, three cases are presented, which involve the root canal treatment of maxillary first molars with fusion of the two buccal roots ...
Dog Abnormal Molar Development - Abnormal Molar Development in Dogs | petMDDog Abnormal Molar Development - Abnormal Molar Development in Dogs | petMD
The abnormal development and formation of the mandibular tooth, a molar located three teeth away from the midline of the jaw, is an oral health issue seen primarily in small breed dogs.
PRIME PubMed | A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study on Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese SubpopulatioPRIME PubMed | A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study on Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese Subpopulatio
PubMed journal article A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study on Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese Subpopulatio were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone or iPad.
Small Diameter Implants: Specific Indications and Considerations for the Posterior Mandible: A Case Report | Journal of Oral...Small Diameter Implants: Specific Indications and Considerations for the Posterior Mandible: A Case Report | Journal of Oral...
A 46-year-old male with a negative medical history presented to the office with a missing mandibular left first molar (tooth #19). The clinical and radiographic evaluation indicated sufficient bone superior to the mandibular canal space but insufficient bone in the mesial-distal arch length for 2 conventional standard size implants (3.75 mm). The diagnostic model confirmed the intratooth space to be 12 mm. The treatment plan presented to the patient called for two 3.0-mm small diameter 1-piece implants (Zimmer Dental Inc, Carlsbad, Calif) for replacement of the mandibular first molar. This treatment plan allows 1.50 mm of bone to exist between the implant and its adjacent teeth,11 and 3 mm between endosseous implants.11,12 The patient was prepped, draped, and asked to rinse with a chlorhexidine mouth rinse for 30 seconds. The patient was anesthetized via an infiltration technique with a local anesthetic consisting of 2 carpules 2% lidocaine (36 mg) with 1∶100 000 epinephrine (36 µg) in the ...
Localization of activated caspase-3-positive and apoptotic cells in the developing tooth germ of the mouse lower first molarLocalization of activated caspase-3-positive and apoptotic cells in the developing tooth germ of the mouse lower first molar
This study examined the immunohistochemical detection of activated caspase-3, and its association with apoptosis, during tooth morphogenesis of the mouse lower first molar. The distribution of cells positive for caspase-3 closely corresponded with the localization of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl tr …
First permanent molars function as health database dating back to before birthFirst permanent molars function as health database dating back to before birth
A study has found that a persons first permanent molars carry a lifelong record of health information dating back to the prenatal phase.
Troughing advice : MB1 : Upper first molar : canalsTroughing advice : MB1 : Upper first molar : canals
realize that while upwards of 90% of maxillary first molars have a second canal in the MB root, only about 10% of mandibular first molars do
Samantha H. Roach, DDS, MS | School of Dentistry - University of MinnesotaSamantha H. Roach, DDS, MS | School of Dentistry - University of Minnesota
Harris S, Bowles WR, Fok A, McClanahan SB. Anatomic investigation of the roots of mandibular first molars using micro-computed tomography. J Endod 2012;38:e52. Abstr.. Harris SP, Bowles WR, Fok A, McClanahan SB. An anatomical investigation of the mandibular first molar using micro-computed tomography. J Endod 2013; 39:1374-1378.. Barsness S, Bowles WR, Fok A, McClanahan SB, Harris SP. An anatomical investigation of the mandibular second molar using micro-computed tomography. Surgical & Radiologic Anatomy 2014; online publication August.. Wiswall A, Bowles W, Lunos S, McClanahan S, Harris S. Palatal anesthesia: comparison of four techniques for decreasing injection discomfort. Northwest Dent 2014;93:25-9. ...
Segmental Repositioning Combined With Orthodontic Fine Adjustment Of Nonerupting Permanent Molars: A Case ReportSegmental Repositioning Combined With Orthodontic Fine Adjustment Of Nonerupting Permanent Molars: A Case Report
Eruption disturbance of a permanent tooth is challenging to clinicians. Eruption failure of a posterior tooth causes lateral open bite that severely interrupts function. This case report describes the treatment of nonerupting permanent molars by segmental repositioning followed by orthodontic fine adjustment. Two nonerupting permanent molars at different eruption stages were repositioned with a one- or two-step single-tooth segmental osteotomy technique. Final location of the repositioned tooth alveolar bone segment was adjusted via orthodontic means. (Quintessence Int 2010;41:449 458 ...
Lower second molar with 4 canalsLower second molar with 4 canals
Lower second molars with 4 canals aren t that rare but this one had 3 canals in the mesial root. Kodak 9000 CBCT clearly shows them
Permanent molars at 4.5 years? Anyone else? | Bub HubPermanent molars at 4.5 years? Anyone else? | Bub Hub
Hi guys, I know its possible and probably happens fairly commonly, wondering who elses kids got their bottom set of permanent molars before age 6? My son is 4.5 and his bottom gums show signs of teeth coming. Sent from my GT-I9000 using
13 years old and molars are loose? | Yahoo Answers13 years old and molars are loose? | Yahoo Answers
Im 13 and my molars are loose my baby teeth have all fallen out, Im a little worried. It wasnt loose a few days ago it just got loose yesterday....isv that strange? Please help
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Dental Forum, Online Dental Education - Video Details: 5,5-years recall lower first molarDental Forum, Online Dental Education - Video Details: 5,5-years recall lower first molar
The Dentalxp.com forum offers dentists the unique ability to upload cases photos and descriptions to get feedback from leading dental experts all over the world. Let your voice be heard by joining the conversation today!
Molars | HealthLink BCMolars | HealthLink BC
Molars are the back three teeth on each side of each jaw. These are the main teeth that grind food.. The first permanent molars, called "6-year molars," come in between the ages of 5 and 7. The second permanent molars, "12-year molars," come in when a child is between 11 and 14 years old. Normally, an adult has 12 molars. ...
The Root Canal Anatomy Project: February 2012The Root Canal Anatomy Project: February 2012
Mandibular molars can have an additional root located lingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (the radix paramolaris). The presence of a separate RE in the first mandibular molar is associated with certain ethnic groups. In African populations a maximum frequency of 3% is found, while in Eurasian and Indian populations the frequency is less than 5%. In populations with Mongoloid traits (such as the Chinese, Eskimo and American Indians) reports have noted that the RE occurs with a frequency that ranges from 5% to more than 30%. Because of its high frequency in these populations, the RE is considered to be a normal morphological variant (eumorphic root morphology). In Caucasians the RE is not very common and, with a maximum frequency of 3.4 to 4.2%, is considered to be an unusual or dysmorphic root morphology. The etiology behind the formation of the RE is still unclear. In dysmorphic, supernumerary roots, its formation could be related to external factors during odontogenesis, or to ...
Root Canal Lower Molar FirstRoot Canal Lower Molar First
Root Canal Madibular Molar Anatomy micro-CBCT Study My analysis of Wolf JOE 2016 for mesial root 55% are fairly straight forward like 2-2-1/1 or 1-2-2/2 7% are doable with a little luck like 2-1-1/2 or 1-1-1/2 38% are nearly impossible to completely access all canals like 2-1-1/3 or 2-2-2/4 Distal root is much better 73% […]. ...
Worldwide Analyses of Maxillary First Molar Second Mesiobuccal Prevalence: A Multicenter Cone-beam Computed Tomographic StudyWorldwide Analyses of Maxillary First Molar Second Mesiobuccal Prevalence: A Multicenter Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Study
Authors: Jorge NR Martins, Moataz-Bellah AM Alkhawas, Zaher Altaki, Gianmarco Bellardini, Luiza Berti, Carlos Boveda, Antonis Chaniotis, Daniel Flynn, Jose Antonio Gonzalez, Jojo Kottoor, Miguel Seruca Marques, Adam Monroe, Hani F Ounsi, Peter Parashos, Gianluca Plotino, Magnus E Ragnarsson, Ruben Rosas Aguilar, Fabio Santiago, Hussein C Seedat, Walter Vargas, Murilo von Zuben, Yuerong Zhang, Yongchun Gu, Antonio Ginjeira
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Prewelded Mandibular Molar Band Refills, 5/Pkg - #13Prewelded Mandibular Molar Band Refills, 5/Pkg - #13
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Root canal MB2 First molarRoot canal MB2 First molar
Anatomy MB2 first molar - How often is there an MB2 Anatomy MB2 first molar study data ranges from 50%-95% MB3 is 1-3% (source) My opinion is there are 6 main reasons these stats vary. One is how we define an isthmus versus canal, two is the technique we use to study the teeth, three […]. ...
On molar mass and ideal gas | May Contain Traces of BoltsOn molar mass and ideal gas | May Contain Traces of Bolts
The first red flag is that Watney uses units of volume instead of mass, which is inappropriate when calculating quantities for a chemical reaction. Watney is a mechanical engineer and would have been thoroughly trained in the correct use of units, even if chemistry is not really his field. I also doubt he would use the chemical formulas for carbon dioxide, water etc. in daily conversation or in a diary destined for laypeople, but I understand why Watney (or rather Weir) did it: he wants the reader to be able to count Hs and Os and follow Watneys calculations. Unfortunately, his calculations are unsound, because you have to add up mass, not counts.. It is not initially clear whether Watney is talking about gases, liquids or solids. Since he will be working in the habitat, close to standard conditions of temperature and pressure, it is not unreasonable to assume that the CO2, O2 and H2 are in gas form and the H2O is liquid. But it seems Watney himself is confused: when he says that the fuel ...
Molar Anatomy, Definition & Pictures | Body MapsMolar Anatomy, Definition & Pictures | Body Maps
A molar tooth is located in the posterior (back) section of the mouth. It is found in most mammals that use their posterior teeth to grind food. Twelve molars are usually present in an adult human, in groups of three.
Contacts Opening Between First and Second Molars - Lee Ann Brady DMDContacts Opening Between First and Second Molars - Lee Ann Brady DMD
It is not uncommon to place a restoration on an upper second molar and have the contact open over time. The new crown is checked diligently at the seat
Marc Needed His Second Molar Extracted in Leominster, MAMarc Needed His Second Molar Extracted in Leominster, MA
Marc needed a second molar removed, so he came to our office in Leominster, MA, for his extraction. Hear about his positive experience with Dr. Colarusso.
EXF0023 - Lower Molar Cowhorn Forceps #23 - Karl SchumacherEXF0023 - Lower Molar Cowhorn Forceps #23 - Karl Schumacher
The first time I picked up a Proximator, I was really impressed with the quality and balance. Now I have one on every surgical tray in my practi.... View full details ...
My Life at Home: March 2012My Life at Home: March 2012
This past week has seen some real lows, feeling exhausted and down, and yet I can say I am thankful for having 3 gorgeous, healthy children and a gorgeous, funny, very supportive husband. It also helped working out that Mr One year olds grizzliness, night time wakings and extended crying, clinginess etc. had something to do with him cutting his third tooth and a molar at that ...
IMPAKSI MOLAR 3 PDFIMPAKSI MOLAR 3 PDF
... - PDF | Impacted third mandibular molar seems as a common and easy case but actually a difficult one when the odontectomy proceeds. Besides, another.
A Root Canal Therapy on the Maxillary First Molar Tooth with Five Canals: A Case ReportA Root Canal Therapy on the Maxillary First Molar Tooth with Five Canals: A Case Report
Maxillary first molar usually exhibits a radicular anatomy of three roots and three or four canals. However, different anatomic variations like extra number of roots and canals are possible. For a successful treatment, clinicians must have well equipment and a thorough knowledge of the external and internal anatomy of teeth and its variation. Using of CBCT may help to locate extra canals by giving a chance to clinicians to see the root canal anatomy in 3-D view. The aim of this study was to present a case report about a diagnosis and treatment in maxillary first molar with three roots and five canals. It is concluded that the diagnosing and the treatment of unusual cases are key factors for successful endodontic treatment of these teeth.
Prevalence and location of the secondary mesiobuccal canal in 1,100 maxillary molars using cone beam computed tomography | BMC...Prevalence and location of the secondary mesiobuccal canal in 1,100 maxillary molars using cone beam computed tomography | BMC...
Several articles have used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to study the morphology of the maxillary molars and to ascertain its ability to visualize the second mesiobuccal canal (MB2); however, its geometric location has not been examined in depth. The aim of this study was to describe in vivo the prevalence and location of the MB2 in the mesiobuccal root of the first maxillary molar (1MM) and the second maxillary molar (2MM) through CBCT imaging. Five hundred fifty CBCT images of the 1MM and 550 of the 2MM were analyzed. To detect the MB2 canal, the observation and measurements were done 1 mm apically to the pulpal floor to standardize the methodology. The geometric location of the central point of the MB2 canal (PMB2) was measured in relation to the central point of the mesiobuccal canal (PMB1) and in relation to the line projected between the PMB1 and the central point of the palatal canals (PP). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with a value of P | 0.05 being statistically
Factors associated with the incidence of erosive wear in upper incisors and lower first molars: a multifactorial approachFactors associated with the incidence of erosive wear in upper incisors and lower first molars: a multifactorial approach
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate associations between factors and the incidence of erosive wear in lower first molars and upper incisors, and to investigate whether these associations differ between these locations. METHODS: The study sample of this 3-year longitudinal study consisted of 572 children (mean age 11.9 years, SD=0.9). The permanent dentition was examined for erosive wear according to a modified Lussi-index (1996). Information on biological and behavioural factors was gathered by clinical examinations (at baseline, after 1.5 and 3 years) and by questionnaires (every six months). RESULTS: The incidence of erosive wear in upper incisors over 3 years was 22.2%, for lower first molars the incidence was 14.8%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that carbonated soft drink (OR=1.04) and tooth grinding (OR=2.93) were positively associated with the incidence of erosive wear in upper incisors and milk (OR=0.95) and yoghurt products (OR=0.88) were negatively associated. The ...
Eruption process of the second molar<...Eruption process of the second molar<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Eruption process of the second molar. AU - Tsai, Hung Huey. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - The second molar is located at the distal of the first molar, and we must beaware of its stage of development when we plan to move the first molar distally Few researchers have investigated the development of second molars. The purpose of this study was to observe the eruption process of the maxillary and mandibular second molars by using 238 panoramic radiographs. The developmental stages of the second molar were divided into four stages: the whole crown calcified = stage 1 ; beginning root formation = stage 2; initial formation of the radicular bifurcation = stage 3; and the root length is equal to the crown height = stage 4. The mesiodistal crown width of the first and second molars, axial inclination and eruption rate of the second molar, and the space available for emergence of the second molar at each stage were measured, and the statistical analysis was made to assess the developmental ...
Gene expression in tooth: referencesGene expression in tooth: references
Day-14 lower incisors and day-18 first lower molars of mouse embryos produced in vitro transforming activities for non- confluent NRK cells co-cultured in agar, and mitogenic activities for exponentially growing NRK and BHK cells. The patterns of distribution of TGF beta 1 and EGF receptor, both known to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation in vitro and suspected to play important roles in developmental processes, were studied during mouse odontogenesis by means of indirect immunofluorescence on fixed or frozen fixed sections. TGF beta 1 epitopes were detected in the stellate reticulum of day-13 to day-16 incisors and of molars from day-17 onwards. Dental mesenchyme of day-14 incisors and postnatal molars, and peridental mesenchyme of bud and cap stage molars and incisors were also stained by TGF beta 1 antibodies. EGF receptor was localized in the enamel organs of incisors and molars; the inner dental epithelium and later the outer dental epithelium rapidly became ...
Cell cycle of the enamel knot during tooth morphogenesis<...Cell cycle of the enamel knot during tooth morphogenesis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cell cycle of the enamel knot during tooth morphogenesis. AU - Jung, Seo Yoon. AU - Green, David William. AU - Jung, Han Sung. AU - Kim, Eun Jung. N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements We are grateful to Chengri Li for helping experiments. This study was supported by the Yonsei University College of Dentistry (6-2016-0021).. PY - 2018/6/1. Y1 - 2018/6/1. N2 - Enamel knot (EK) is known to be a central organ in tooth development, especially for cusp patterning. To trace the exact position and movement among the inner dental epithelium (IDE) and EK cells, and to monitor the relationship between the EK and cusp patterning, it is essential that we understand the cell cycle status of the EK in early stages of tooth development. In this study, thymidine analogous (IdU, BrdU) staining was used to evaluate the cell cycle phase of the primary EK at the early casp stage (E13.0) and the gerbil embryo (E19) in a developing mouse embryo. The centerpiece of this study was to describe the ...
Evaluation of single-tooth implants in the second molar region: A 5-year life-table analysis of a retrospective study<...Evaluation of single-tooth implants in the second molar region: A 5-year life-table analysis of a retrospective study<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Evaluation of single-tooth implants in the second molar region. T2 - A 5-year life-table analysis of a retrospective study. AU - Koo, Ki Tae. AU - Wikesjö, Ulf M E. AU - Park, Jang Yeol. AU - Kim, Tae. AU - Seol, Yang Jo. AU - Ku, Young. AU - Rhyu, In Chul. AU - Chung, Chong Pyoung. AU - Lee, Yong Moo. PY - 2010/9/1. Y1 - 2010/9/1. N2 - Background: To our knowledge no study has evaluated the success or survival rate of single-tooth implants that replaced missing maxillary and mandibular second molars. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the 1- to 5-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) for single-tooth implants placed inthe second molar region and the effects of associated factors. Methods: Four hundred eighty-nine patients (298 males and 191 females; age range: 23 to 91 years; mean age: 47 years) who were admitted to the Seoul National University Dental Hospital between March 2003 and July 2008 and treated with single-tooth implants in the second molar region (227 ...
Demineralization of Enamel in Primary Second Molars Related to Properties of the EnamelDemineralization of Enamel in Primary Second Molars Related to Properties of the Enamel
The Scientific World Journal is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research, reviews, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journal is divided into 81 subject areas.
Dental HypothesesDental Hypotheses
Introduction: The management and long-term retention of molars exhibiting furcation invasion have always been a challenge in dentistry. Latest innovations in dental sciences and higher patients expectations have led to more conservative treatment approaches in saving the teeth with hopeless periodontal prognosis. When periodontal disease affects the furcation area of tooth, the chance of its exfoliation increase considerably. Here, authors have sought to discuss a comprehensive review of literature with case report for the management of decayed mandibular first molars (with furcation invasion) using bicuspidization procedure. Case Report: The furcation defect (in mandibular first molars) was clinically detected in a middle aged male, which was converted into two bicuspids by intentional bisection procedures. The definitive treatment included restoration with double crowns. Bicuspidization procedure with double metal crowns truly yielded a satisfactory result. Discussion: The treatment of ...
Independent and Confluent Middle Mesial Root Canals in Mandibular First Molars: A Report of Four CasesIndependent and Confluent Middle Mesial Root Canals in Mandibular First Molars: A Report of Four Cases
Case Reports in Dentistry is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes case reports in all areas of dentistry, including periodontal diseases, dental implants, oral pathology, as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery.
ReDentNova - Single C-Shaped Canal in Mandibular First Molar: A Case ReportReDentNova - Single C-Shaped Canal in Mandibular First Molar: A Case Report
S. S. Raghavendra, B. D. Napte, N. N. Desai, A. N. Hindlekar Journal of Conservative Dentistry. 2015 March-April; 18(2):168-71. ABSTRACT:The va...
Brownish black stains on molars, excessive staining tendency, no cavities. Treatment, preventive measures? - Doctors insight...Brownish black stains on molars, excessive staining tendency, no cavities. Treatment, preventive measures? - Doctor's insight...
Question - Brownish black stains on molars, excessive staining tendency, no cavities. Treatment, preventive measures?. Ask a Doctor about diagnosis, treatment and medication for Gum disease, Ask a Dentist
Assessment of Pubertal Growth Spurt in Growing Girls Using Middle Phalynx Finger and Correlate With Mandibular Second Molar -...Assessment of Pubertal Growth Spurt in Growing Girls Using Middle Phalynx Finger and Correlate With Mandibular Second Molar -...
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies. ...
Characteristics of the Occlusal Surfaces of Lower Molars in a Sample of the Croatian Population - pdf descargarCharacteristics of the Occlusal Surfaces of Lower Molars in a Sample of the Croatian Population - pdf descargar
Characteristics of the Occlusal Surfaces of Lower Molars in a Sample of the Croatian Population. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
en:mm:hering:comocladia-dentata-r249 [Legatum Homeopathicum]en:mm:hering:comocladia-dentata-r249 [Legatum Homeopathicum]
Right: sees a red ring around light of lamp; eye very painful, feeling much larger and more protruded than left; eyeball very sore; heat and fullness in interior of ear; as of a pimple over antrum; as if molar teeth were loose; second molar tooth carious; drawing in anterior wall of chest; drawing-cramping in anterior of chest and axilla, extending down arm to fingers, jerking of little finger; intermitting, throbbing, pressing pain in costal cartilage of fifth rib, leaving a burning, raw sensation; sloughing ulcer on breast; sharp pain through shoulder to scapula; crampy sensation in muscles of upper arm; pulsating pain in neck of femur and thigh; drawing in knee, extending into anterior muscles of thigh; drawing-cramping in hollow of foot passing along outer border of gastrocnemius muscle to knee, then in tibia, where it becomes a numb aching, then in tarsus, where it becomes a drawing aching, as if foot would cramp; crampy lameness in leg above instep; indolent ulcer on lower third of leg ...
Lower Molar Replaced by Dental Implant-Cleveland Dental Implant CenterLower Molar Replaced by Dental Implant-Cleveland Dental Implant Center
A lower first molar replaced by a single dental implant restores natural chewing function without grinding down the adjacent teeth for crowns.
Best Quality Dental Molar Band /bands preweld Buccal Tube for hospital, View orthodontic molar bands, DTC Product Details from...Best Quality Dental Molar Band /bands preweld Buccal Tube for hospital, View orthodontic molar bands, DTC Product Details from...
Best Quality Dental Molar Band /bands preweld Buccal Tube for hospital, US $ 4 - 5.6 / Set, Orthodontic Materials, DTC, Second Molar.Source from Hangzhou DTC Medical Apparatus Co., Ltd. on Alibaba.com.
Lower Molar - Zirconia Dental ImplantsLower Molar - Zirconia Dental Implants
This patient had lost a lower molar and had a large space. To restore with a bridge would have involved grinding down the adjacent teeth and exposing them to the risk for trauma and root canals. The patient chose to have a metal-free Zirconia implant placed ...
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A sixteen year old female with a six year history of discomfort and pain in the left body and angle of the mandible during which time the first and second molar teeth had been extracted. Prior dental records including ...
Extraction of first molars on the agenda 122 years ago!Extraction of first molars on the agenda 122 years ago!
Imagine a time when it was considered revolutionary to hear a concert down a telephone line! This occurred in 1892 at the 13th British Dental Association (BDA) conference in Manchester, courtesy of the National Telephone Company.. I have this information on good authority from the BDA Museum which had a stand at the 2014 BDA conference, also in Manchester. Some 200 delegates went to the 1892 meeting. Apparently one of the highlights was a discussion about the extraction of first permanent molars. The majority of delegates concluded that "extraction should be avoided if possible unless the teeth were unsaveable.". How interesting that 122 years later there is a Saving Teeth Awareness Campaign which highlights how important it is for teeth to be saved: www.savingteeth.co.uk. When it comes to technology, however, times have certainly changed. At the 2014 meeting the range of equipment and technology was staggering. Meanwhile, one of the highlights of the 1892 BDA meeting was the application of ...
Complex Apical Anatomy Revealed Following Endodontic Treatment of a Maxillary Molar Using the GentleWave System: A Case Report ...Complex Apical Anatomy Revealed Following Endodontic Treatment of a Maxillary Molar Using the GentleWave System: A Case Report ...
Complex Apical Anatomy Revealed Following Endodontic Treatment of a Maxillary Molar Using the GentleWave System: A Case Report Abstract.
Primary Molars Teeth Eruption and Care | UtoDent.comPrimary Molars Teeth Eruption and Care | UtoDent.com
When your baby first starts to teethe, the surrounding area can end up being red and swollen. The first front tooth is typically the most sensitive.
Molar incisor hypomineralisationMolar incisor hypomineralisation
Manas Dave in his debut blog for the Dental Elf looks at a review on bonding of adhesive materials to molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) affected enamel. 10 studies were included only 4 of which were clinical so the findings need to be interpreted cautiously. [read the full story...] ...
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Do Hippos Have Molars? | Animals - mom.meDo Hippos Have Molars? | Animals - mom.me
The hippopotamus, a semiaquatic mammal native to Africa, eats mostly grasses and other vegetation, but occasionally scavenges for meat. The hippo uses its molars, located in the back of the mouth, to grind these foods. The molars are crucial to consuming the diet; a hippo whose molars are too worn will starve.
Metabolism of cadmium by developing rat molars<...Metabolism of cadmium by developing rat molars<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Metabolism of cadmium by developing rat molars. AU - Johnson, B. E.. AU - Shearer, T. R.. AU - Whanger, P. D.. PY - 1981/1/1. Y1 - 1981/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0019523122&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0019523122&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. AN - SCOPUS:0019523122. VL - 40. SP - No. 3725. JO - Federation Proceedings. JF - Federation Proceedings. SN - 0014-9446. IS - 3 II. ER - ...
Had a permanent filling in molar tooth, painful. Suggested RCT. What is going on? - Doctors insight on HealthcareMagicHad a permanent filling in molar tooth, painful. Suggested RCT. What is going on? - Doctor's insight on HealthcareMagic
Question - Had a permanent filling in molar tooth, painful. Suggested RCT. What is going on?. Ask a Doctor about when and why X ray is advised, Ask a Dentist
Molar Tooth Images - Photos - Pictures - Page 2Molar Tooth Images - Photos - Pictures - Page 2
Professional quality Molar Tooth images and pictures at very affordable prices. With over 20 million stunning photos to choose from we ve got what you need! - Page 2
Molar Tooth Images - Photos - PicturesMolar Tooth Images - Photos - Pictures
Professional quality Molar Tooth images and pictures at very affordable prices. With over 20 million stunning photos to choose from we ve got what you need!
Neural Crest Differentiation (Homo sapiens) - WikiPathwaysNeural Crest Differentiation (Homo sapiens) - WikiPathways
Takahashi KF, Kiyoshima T, Kobayashi I, Xie M, Yamaza H, Fujiwara H, Ookuma Y, Nagata K, Wada H, Sakai T, Terada Y, Sakai H; Protogenin, a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is implicated in the development of the mouse lower first molar.; BMC Dev Biol, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC ...
Vetdent SA cc - Fractured Caudal MandibleVetdent SA cc - Fractured Caudal Mandible
A Single wires should always be used for interfragmentary wiring. In this case a single wire was twisted double before it was used for the original fracture repair. Twisting a wire on itself does not improve the strength of the wire and the multfilament nature thereof increases the surface area with resultant increased bacterial adhesion. There is secondary infection with bone loss in the fracture line surrounding the distal (caudal) root of the mandibular molar (409) tooth. Furthermore, there appears to be a fragment of non-vital bone (sequestrum) ventral to the distal root of the 409 ...
incisor « Capybara Madnessincisor « Capybara Madness
Yesterday was another terrible day at the vet and today is one of our worst recovery days ever.. Gari had the first molar on his lower right removed. The tooth was dead and decaying inside the bone. In fact, there was a tunnel through the bone from the first molar to the incisor he had taken out last time. This kept the incisor hole from healing up correctly. Instead the whole thing is full of old food and debris. They couldnt close it this time because in order to clean it out completely, he would need to be intubated, which is a procedure we have not yet faced.. The second molar is also dead and will need to be extraced. That wasnt done this time because he was already under for a long time and had enough trauma to his mouth for a lifetime, let alone a single vet visit.. The worst thing is that he is unable to stand or walk or even sit up today. Yesterday when we left the vet, he was able to walk fairly well, but he deteriorated during the car drive home. We basically had to lift and drag ...
Patterson® Plain First Molar Bands - Lower Left, 3/Pkg - 22Patterson® Plain First Molar Bands - Lower Left, 3/Pkg - 22
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View source for File:Keith1902 fig050.jpg - EmbryologyView source for File:Keith1902 fig050.jpg - Embryology
Fig. 50. Types of Tooth== The corresponding cusps are shown in the crowns of an * A - The tritubercular Type of Tooth * B - Incisor * C - Canine * D - Bicuspid * E - Upper Molar * F - Lower Molar {{Keith1902_5_figures}} {{Human embryology morphology 1902 footer ...
thin teeth - Dental Health - MedHelpthin teeth - Dental Health - MedHelp
My husband needs help for his thin teeth, the front teeth you can almost see thru them, and they have vertical cracks. What is the best repair? Also, his molars are worn away almost gum line towards t...
Some actors are too old for action flicks and other famous people problems - StamfordAdvocateSome actors are too old for action flicks and other famous people problems - StamfordAdvocate
When Josh Brolins agent suggested that the actors rotten molar tooth was keeping him from landing roles, Brolin initially refused to get the tooth pulled. Then, one day, he saw it in a mirror and changed his mind. This story presents several questions. Why would casting directors notice a rotting molar tooth? Why would his agent be aware of it? Why had he never looked at the tooth before? Just how rotten was this tooth? And, finally, why share this story with Mens Journal magazine ...
Some actors are too old for action flicks and other famous people problems - StamfordAdvocateSome actors are too old for action flicks and other famous people problems - StamfordAdvocate
When Josh Brolins agent suggested that the actors rotten molar tooth was keeping him from landing roles, Brolin initially refused to get the tooth pulled. Then, one day, he saw it in a mirror and changed his mind. This story presents several questions. Why would casting directors notice a rotting molar tooth? Why would his agent be aware of it? Why had he never looked at the tooth before? Just how rotten was this tooth? And, finally, why share this story with Mens Journal magazine ...
Prestige Molar Bands 5pk: OrthoEssentialsPrestige Molar Bands 5pk: OrthoEssentials
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Molar (tooth) | Armageddon Medicine - Survival MedicineMolar (tooth) | Armageddon Medicine - Survival Medicine
This web site is devoted to empowering you, the reader, to care for your loved ones and yourself when theres no other choice. Thank you for visiting and may God bless you richly in 2016 and beyond. - Doc Cindy … Continue reading ...
molar | Puppy Forum and Dog Forumsmolar | Puppy Forum and Dog Forums
my dog broke a 4th premolar and first molar on the same side. has anybody had these teeth extracted. would my dog miss the teeth. would he chew bones or eat food (raw) on the extract side. i have the option to do a root canal but they costs a lot of money. Im curious to see how the extraction ...
Index of oral health and dental articlesIndex of oral health and dental articles
ACCO applianceACCO appliance
Solvated electronSolvated electron
List of lakes in Park County, MontanaList of lakes in Park County, Montana
Gestational trophoblastic diseaseGestational trophoblastic disease
Nitric acidNitric acid
CH3OCH3O
AnthraciteAnthracite
DenisovanDenisovan
Speed of soundSpeed of sound
KimberliteKimberlite
Neanderthal anatomyNeanderthal anatomy
Gas constantGas constant
CarnassialCarnassial
Universal Numbering SystemUniversal Numbering System
Decay energyDecay energy
TemperatureTemperature
Orders of magnitude (data)Orders of magnitude (data)
Heat capacityHeat capacity
Mammal classificationMammal classification
Swietenia humilisSwietenia humilis
MegazostrodonMegazostrodon
Cantilever mechanics (orthodontics)Cantilever mechanics (orthodontics)
Pygmy slow lorisPygmy slow loris
C14H16O10C14H16O10
MindomysMindomys
MorganucodonMorganucodon
Placental site trophoblastic tumorPlacental site trophoblastic tumor
Stan BohonekStan Bohonek
Yorkshire TerrierYorkshire Terrier
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Molar, ThirdMandibleTooth, ImpactedMaxillaTooth RootTooth MovementTooth, DeciduousBicuspidOdontometryTooth CrownHydatidiform MoleToothIncisorRadiography, PanoramicAlveolar ProcessTooth GermDental EnamelDental Pulp CavityDental ArchOdontogenesisTooth, UneruptedDentinDental ModelsOrthodontic AppliancesCuspidTooth MigrationMalocclusion, Angle Class IIMesial Movement of TeethDental OcclusionPeriodontal LigamentCephalometryDentition, PermanentOrthodontic Appliance DesignPaleodontologyMalocclusionTrismusRoot Canal TherapyTooth ExfoliationRoot ResorptionDental CementumPericoronitisPulpitisOdontoblastsDental CariesMandibular NerveAmeloblastsPulpectomyTooth SocketDental PulpEnamel OrganOrthodontic WiresBite ForceTooth ApexDentitionDry SocketDental Restoration, PermanentTooth CervixOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresMalocclusion, Angle Class ITooth Eruption, EctopicCrownsOrthodontics, CorrectiveKineticsDental SacDental Stress AnalysisTooth AbnormalitiesRoot Canal PreparationMandibular FracturesDental AlloysMandibular DiseasesDental Enamel HypoplasiaTooth MobilityMasticationAmelogenesisCone-Beam Computed TomographyGlass Ionomer CementsInlaysTrigeminal Nerve InjuriesDentin-Bonding AgentsSpace MaintenanceDental BondingRadiography, Dental, DigitalTooth WearResin CementsMaterials TestingMolecular WeightAlveolar Bone LossTooth AttritionPit and Fissure SealantsDiastemaCarticaineDentigerous CystRadiography, DentalAge Determination by TeethHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationDental Pulp CappingComposite ResinsOrthodontic RetainersDental Restoration FailureDentinogenesisLingual Nerve InjuriesExtraoral Traction AppliancesMaxillary DiseasesPhotography, DentalPulpotomyLiposomesUterine NeoplasmsPhosphatidylcholinesCattleSurface PropertiesPalate, HardDental Pulp ExposureDecalcification TechniqueSerial ExtractionDental Pulp CalcificationDenture, Partial, FixedAcid Etching, DentalTemperatureSpectrophotometryDental Enamel ProteinsAmino AcidsDental Implants, Single-ToothJaw Relation RecordOverbiteMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDental Occlusion, CentricTooth, SupernumeraryPeriodontal CystTooth CalcificationAmelogeninMaxillofacial DevelopmentElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEpithelial AttachmentRubber DamsBisphenol A-Glycidyl MethacrylateStatistics, NonparametricTime FactorsSpectrophotometry, UltravioletChromatography, GelPalatal Expansion TechniqueRumenDental FissuresGingival DiseasesFermentationProtein BindingDental Marginal AdaptationWaterPhospholipidsDentin PermeabilityChemistryOpen BiteFatty Acids, VolatileMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMolecular Sequence DataDental InstrumentsZinc Oxide-Eugenol CementPeriodontiumPhytic AcidChemical PhenomenaDental Service, HospitalNickelDentin, SecondaryDental CementsCarbohydratesDental AbutmentsX-Ray FilmForensic DentistryPhosphoric AcidsTooth LossDental Caries Activity TestsOrthodontic Appliances, FunctionalSodium HypochloritePalateOral Surgical ProceduresTitaniumPeriapical PeriodontitisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidMaxillary SinusToothacheVertical DimensionMacromolecular SubstancesLipid BilayersPain, PostoperativeDental Pulp NecrosisDental PapillaAmino Acid SequenceStainless SteelPlastic EmbeddingDental LeakageBinding SitesX-Ray Intensifying ScreensOrthodontic BracketsZygomaDental Pulp TestRabbitsDental Prosthesis DesignNasal BoneTrophoblastic NeoplasmsDental AmalgamX-Ray MicrotomographyCholesterol
Molar Anatomy, Definition & Pictures | Body MapsMolar Anatomy, Definition & Pictures | Body Maps
Molars | HealthLink BCMolars | HealthLink BC
13 years old and molars are loose? | Yahoo Answers13 years old and molars are loose? | Yahoo Answers
Dog Abnormal Molar Development - Abnormal Molar Development in Dogs | petMDDog Abnormal Molar Development - Abnormal Molar Development in Dogs | petMD
Permanent molars at 4.5 years? Anyone else? | Bub HubPermanent molars at 4.5 years? Anyone else? | Bub Hub
First permanent molars function as health database dating back to before birthFirst permanent molars function as health database dating back to before birth
Lower second molar with 4 canalsLower second molar with 4 canals
Troughing advice : MB1 : Upper first molar : canalsTroughing advice : MB1 : Upper first molar : canals
Loss of First Permanent Molar Teeth in Patients Attending in OPDs of Selected Dental Hospitals in Dhaka City |...Loss of First Permanent Molar Teeth in Patients Attending in OPDs of Selected Dental Hospitals in Dhaka City |...
IMPAKSI MOLAR 3 PDFIMPAKSI MOLAR 3 PDF
EXF0023 - Lower Molar Cowhorn Forceps #23 - Karl SchumacherEXF0023 - Lower Molar Cowhorn Forceps #23 - Karl Schumacher
Chemistry: Molar MassChemistry: Molar Mass
Molar - WikipediaMolar - Wikipedia
Classifying Molar Pregnancy - RedorbitClassifying Molar Pregnancy - Redorbit
Molar Volume | Encyclopedia.comMolar Volume | Encyclopedia.com
Molar Massif - WikipediaMolar Massif - Wikipedia
Molar Ornaments - CafePressMolar Ornaments - CafePress
Molar | Define Molar at Dictionary.comMolar | Define Molar at Dictionary.com
molar pregnancy - Everything2.commolar pregnancy - Everything2.com
Diagnosis of Molar PregnancyDiagnosis of Molar Pregnancy
Molar Pregnancy News, ResearchMolar Pregnancy News, Research
Tang untuk gigi permanen molar rahang bawahTang untuk gigi permanen molar rahang bawah
Molar Cross SectionMolar Cross Section
molar gas constant | chemistry and physics | Britannica.commolar gas constant | chemistry and physics | Britannica.com
What are molar bands? | Reference.comWhat are molar bands? | Reference.com
Molar Mac | MacRumors...'Molar Mac' | MacRumors...
Right Mandibular First MolarRight Mandibular First Molar
MOLAR PREGNANCYMOLAR PREGNANCY
MOLAR PREGNANCYMOLAR PREGNANCY
Tooth (Molar)Tooth (Molar)
Patent US6770025 - Molar shaped vaginal incontinence insert - Google PatentsPatent US6770025 - Molar shaped vaginal incontinence insert - Google Patents
How to Calculate Molar Fractions of the Product StreamHow to Calculate Molar Fractions of the Product Stream
Taxonomic Implications of Molar Morphology Variability in Capuchins | SpringerLinkTaxonomic Implications of Molar Morphology Variability in Capuchins | SpringerLink
Molar pregnancy - Symptoms and causes - Mayo ClinicMolar pregnancy - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Molar Bear Zipper Pouch by zachterrell |...'Molar Bear' Zipper Pouch by zachterrell |...
Molars | Define Molars at Dictionary.comMolars | Define Molars at Dictionary.com
Molar Teeth Coffee Mugs | Society6Molar Teeth Coffee Mugs | Society6
Molar Pregnancy | CignaMolar Pregnancy | Cigna
The Molar BearThe Molar Bear
Molar mass - WikipediaMolar mass - Wikipedia
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Molar, ThirdMandibleTooth, ImpactedMaxillaTooth RootTooth MovementTooth, DeciduousBicuspidOdontometryTooth CrownHydatidiform MoleToothIncisorRadiography, PanoramicAlveolar ProcessTooth GermDental EnamelDental Pulp CavityDental ArchOdontogenesisTooth, UneruptedDentinDental ModelsOrthodontic AppliancesCuspidTooth MigrationMalocclusion, Angle Class IIMesial Movement of TeethDental OcclusionPeriodontal LigamentCephalometryDentition, PermanentOrthodontic Appliance DesignPaleodontologyMalocclusionTrismusRoot Canal TherapyTooth ExfoliationRoot ResorptionDental CementumPericoronitisPulpitisOdontoblastsDental CariesMandibular NerveAmeloblastsPulpectomyTooth SocketDental PulpEnamel OrganOrthodontic WiresBite ForceTooth ApexDentitionDry SocketDental Restoration, PermanentTooth CervixOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresMalocclusion, Angle Class ITooth Eruption, EctopicCrownsOrthodontics, CorrectiveKineticsDental SacDental Stress AnalysisTooth AbnormalitiesRoot Canal PreparationMandibular FracturesDental AlloysMandibular DiseasesDental Enamel HypoplasiaTooth MobilityMasticationAmelogenesisCone-Beam Computed TomographyGlass Ionomer CementsInlaysTrigeminal Nerve InjuriesDentin-Bonding AgentsSpace MaintenanceDental BondingRadiography, Dental, DigitalTooth WearResin CementsMaterials TestingMolecular WeightAlveolar Bone LossTooth AttritionPit and Fissure SealantsDiastemaCarticaineDentigerous CystRadiography, DentalAge Determination by TeethHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationDental Pulp CappingComposite ResinsOrthodontic RetainersDental Restoration FailureDentinogenesisLingual Nerve InjuriesExtraoral Traction AppliancesMaxillary DiseasesPhotography, DentalPulpotomyLiposomesUterine NeoplasmsPhosphatidylcholinesCattleSurface PropertiesPalate, HardDental Pulp ExposureDecalcification TechniqueSerial ExtractionDental Pulp CalcificationDenture, Partial, FixedAcid Etching, DentalTemperatureSpectrophotometryDental Enamel ProteinsAmino AcidsDental Implants, Single-ToothJaw Relation RecordOverbiteMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDental Occlusion, CentricTooth, SupernumeraryPeriodontal CystTooth CalcificationAmelogeninMaxillofacial DevelopmentElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEpithelial AttachmentRubber DamsBisphenol A-Glycidyl MethacrylateStatistics, NonparametricTime FactorsSpectrophotometry, UltravioletChromatography, GelPalatal Expansion TechniqueRumenDental FissuresGingival DiseasesFermentationProtein BindingDental Marginal AdaptationWaterPhospholipidsDentin PermeabilityChemistryOpen BiteFatty Acids, VolatileMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMolecular Sequence DataDental InstrumentsZinc Oxide-Eugenol CementPeriodontiumPhytic AcidChemical PhenomenaDental Service, HospitalNickelDentin, SecondaryDental CementsCarbohydratesDental AbutmentsX-Ray FilmForensic DentistryPhosphoric AcidsTooth LossDental Caries Activity TestsOrthodontic Appliances, FunctionalSodium HypochloritePalateOral Surgical ProceduresTitaniumPeriapical PeriodontitisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidMaxillary SinusToothacheVertical DimensionMacromolecular SubstancesLipid BilayersPain, PostoperativeDental Pulp NecrosisDental PapillaAmino Acid SequenceStainless SteelPlastic EmbeddingDental LeakageBinding SitesX-Ray Intensifying ScreensOrthodontic BracketsZygomaDental Pulp TestRabbitsDental Prosthesis DesignNasal BoneTrophoblastic NeoplasmsDental AmalgamX-Ray MicrotomographyCholesterol
TeethCanalsToothPosteriorRootsMesialExtractionPermanentRadiographsAnatomicalAdultMolesPartialPlacentaProphylactic Removal of Third MolarsTypes of molar pregnanciesAtomsEruptThird Molar RemovalHaving molar pregnancyPrevious molar pregnancyComplete molar pregnanciesUterusChemistryFind the molarMandibular seconLower first molarsPremolars and MolarsVaginalPermanent molarsPrimary MolarSecond molarsGramsTrophoblastic diseasePregnancies generallyTissueAbnormalHumans have 12Absorption coefficientDiagnosisMaxillaryMole of a substanceFetusDevelopsMoleculesUltrasoundSubstanceWisdomMass of sodiumGumsMethanolCafePressPregnancy is causedSignsSpermPregnantMoleculeMorphology
Teeth7
Canals1
Tooth5
Posterior1
Roots2
Mesial2
Extraction1
Permanent7
Radiographs1
Anatomical1
Adult2
Moles8
Partial20
Placenta8
Prophylactic Removal of Third Molars1
Types of molar pregnancies1
Atoms8
Erupt1
  • There are plenty of things you can do to keep your baby (and you) happier and more comfortable as the first molars erupt. (colgate.com)
Third Molar Removal1
  • Of all the critics of third-molar removal, Jay Friedman, D.D.S., M.P.H., has been one of the most vocal for more than 30 years. (drbicuspid.com)
Having molar pregnancy2
Previous molar pregnancy3
Complete molar pregnancies2
Uterus16
Chemistry1
Find the molar1
  • Dibeng Molar Weights Deluxe is a program that allows a user to find the molar weight of a molecule in g/mol by simply entering the molecular formula (ex. (ticalc.org)
Mandibular secon1
Lower first molars1
  • Five healthy infants emerged their lower first molars (M1s) by or before 3.3 y of age, nearly identical to captive chimpanzee mean ages (∼3.2 y, n = 53). (pnas.org)
Premolars and Molars1
  • Their premolars and molars need to grind and break the tough cell walls of the food they eat. (alison.com)
Vaginal1
Permanent molars3
Primary Molar1
  • Primary molar crown applications. (3m.com)
Second molars1
Grams9
Trophoblastic disease4
Pregnancies generally1
Tissue7
Abnormal2
Humans have 122
Absorption coefficient2
Diagnosis3
Maxillary3
Mole of a substance1
Fetus2
Develops1
Molecules2
Ultrasound3
Substance4
Wisdom1
Mass of sodium1
Gums6
  • The gums behind my top right molars are slightly swollen and are in pain.When I move my jaw. (medhelp.org)
  • Below my left back molar, my gums are feeling sensitive and appear slightly inflamed. (medhelp.org)
  • 2 year molars by stefsmom , Mar 05, 2009 they are coming in, Stefan put his finger on Stef's back gums and Stef said ouch. (medhelp.org)
  • Yup, 3 of the 4 molars are through the gums and the last is close to breaking through. (babycenter.com)
  • I'm not sure if that bump is just normal in the gums back there or if it's actually the molars coming in. (babycenter.com)
  • As the molars pass through the gums, your baby may become very cranky, even if he or she is normally easygoing. (colgate.com)
Methanol4
  • If I am making a 20:1 molar ratio of methanol to FFA. (infopop.cc)
  • yes that's right, BUT, Where did you see mention of a 20:1 molar ratio of methanol to FFA? (infopop.cc)
  • As far as transesterification goes, the academic literature suggests a 6:1 molar ratio of methanol to triglyceride. (infopop.cc)
  • and the 20:1 molar ratio is Methanol to FFA for the acid catalysed esterification reaction. (infopop.cc)
CafePress1
Pregnancy is caused2
Signs3
Sperm2
Pregnant6
Molecule4
Morphology3
  • We developed a geometric morphometrics (GM) model to determine if the two groups also show distinct molar shapes and to explore the influence of size, phylogeny, and biogeography in shaping molar morphology. (springer.com)
  • However, molar shape similarities may be affected by convergent evolution, as environmental factors in different biogeographical regions may have a significant effect on molar morphology, as seen in the closely related capuchins. (springer.com)
  • The morphology of tribosphenic molars is so complex that researchers had largely assumed that they emerged only once in evolutionary history. (scientificamerican.com)
Molar Anatomy, Definition & Pictures | Body Maps
Molar Anatomy, Definition & Pictures | Body Maps (healthline.com)
Mole Inside Child's Eyelid - American Academy of Ophthalmology
Mole Inside Child's Eyelid - American Academy of Ophthalmology (aao.org)
Royalty free Molar clipart images and vectors | Clipart.com
Royalty free Molar clipart images and vectors | Clipart.com (clipart.com)
Thermodynamics part 5: Molar ideal gas law problem (video) | Khan Academy
Thermodynamics part 5: Molar ideal gas law problem (video) | Khan Academy (khanacademy.org)
Bach: Toccata & Fugue - Famous Organ Music / Molar ... - Brilliant Classics: BRI95166 | Buy from ArkivMusic
Bach: Toccata & Fugue - Famous Organ Music / Molar ... - Brilliant Classics: BRI95166 | Buy from ArkivMusic (arkivmusic.com)
Riverbeast Molar Club - Gegenstand - World of Warcraft
Riverbeast Molar Club - Gegenstand - World of Warcraft (de.wowhead.com)
Brer Rabbit Full Flavor Molas - Online Groceries | Randalls
Brer Rabbit Full Flavor Molas - Online Groceries | Randalls (randalls.com)
Selective Inflammatory Pain Insensitivity in the African Naked Mole-Rat (Heterocephalus glaber)
Selective Inflammatory Pain Insensitivity in the African Naked Mole-Rat (Heterocephalus glaber) (journals.plos.org)
Could your mole be melanoma? Here's how to know what to look for on your skin. | Lexington Herald Leader
Could your mole be melanoma? Here's how to know what to look for on your skin. | Lexington Herald Leader (kentucky.com)
2011/12 Parkhurst Champions Fossils & Artifacts #FAWR Wooly Rhino Molar | DA Card World
2011/12 Parkhurst Champions Fossils & Artifacts #FAWR Wooly Rhino Molar | DA Card World (dacardworld.com)
Moles how to get rid of skin moles, hornet or yellow jacket sting, best mouse traps uk, wasp nest in ground pictures, box elder...
Moles how to get rid of skin moles, hornet or yellow jacket sting, best mouse traps uk, wasp nest in ground pictures, box elder... (s3.amazonaws.com)
Theoretical analyses on water cluster structures in polymer electrolyte membrane by using dissipative particle dynamics...
Theoretical analyses on water cluster structures in polymer electrolyte membrane by using dissipative particle dynamics... (pubs.rsc.org)
270: WENDELL CASTLE, Molar Group settee < Modern Design, 28 March 2013 < Auctions | Wright: Auctions of Art and...
270: WENDELL CASTLE, Molar Group settee < Modern Design, 28 March 2013 < Auctions | Wright: Auctions of Art and... (wright20.com)
736: WENDELL CASTLE, Swivel coffee table with Five Bumps from the Molar Group < Utopia: Lost and Found, 1 April 2008 < Auctions...
736: WENDELL CASTLE, Swivel coffee table with Five Bumps from the Molar Group < Utopia: Lost and Found, 1 April 2008 < Auctions... (wright20.com)
HISTORY OF A HOAX: THE MOLE, THE HOLE AND THE MAN WITH NO SOUL | Andrew Gough
HISTORY OF A HOAX: THE MOLE, THE HOLE AND THE MAN WITH NO SOUL | Andrew Gough (andrewgough.co.uk)
Front Teeth vs. Molar Dentures - Philadelphia, PA Missing Teeth Partials
Front Teeth vs. Molar Dentures - Philadelphia, PA Missing Teeth Partials (masterpiecesmile.com)
JCDR - 3-Cusp molar, Missing cusp, Mini molar, Morphological variation
JCDR - 3-Cusp molar, Missing cusp, Mini molar, Morphological variation (jcdr.net)
How to naturally cure a yeast infection in dogs xbox, how to get rid of a mole on your chest workout
How to naturally cure a yeast infection in dogs xbox, how to get rid of a mole on your chest workout (s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com)
ASMscience | Borna Disease Virus Mole
ASMscience | Borna Disease Virus Mole (asmscience.org)
Infant and Pregnancy Loss Support Page
Infant and Pregnancy Loss Support Page (members.tripod.com/~w_gentry/)
Molar City.
Molar City. (snackanooga.com)
Molar | Define Molar at Dictionary.com
Molar | Define Molar at Dictionary.com (dictionary.com)
Hypromellose - Wikipedia
Hypromellose - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Natasha Molar photography
Natasha Molar photography (missmolar.com)
8 Causes & Symptoms of Bleeding During Early Pregnancy
8 Causes & Symptoms of Bleeding During Early Pregnancy (medicinenet.com)
Molar pregnancies | The Mighty
Molar pregnancies | The Mighty (themighty.com)
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319803.php
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319803.php (medicalnewstoday.com)
ADW: tribosphenic_molar_lower.jpg
ADW: tribosphenic_molar_lower.jpg (animaldiversity.org)
2019 redefinition of the SI base units - Wikipedia
2019 redefinition of the SI base units - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Molara Ogundipe - Wikipedia
Molara Ogundipe - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
River Mole - Wikipedia
River Mole - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
The Mole (TV Series 2001- ) - IMDb
The Mole (TV Series 2001- ) - IMDb (imdb.com)
Questions | Yahoo Answers
Questions | Yahoo Answers (answers.yahoo.com)
Brooklyn Museum
Brooklyn Museum (brooklynmuseum.org)
'Molar Bear' Zipper Pouch by zachterrell |...
'Molar Bear' Zipper Pouch by zachterrell |... (redbubble.com)