Economic consequences of the progression of rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden. (1/1052)
OBJECTIVE: To develop a simulation model for analysis of the cost-effectiveness of treatments that affect the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: The Markov model was developed on the basis of a Swedish cohort of 116 patients with early RA who were followed up for 5 years. The majority of patients had American College of Rheumatology (ACR) functional class II disease, and Markov states indicating disease severity were defined based on Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores. Costs were calculated from data on resource utilization and patients' work capacity. Utilities (preference weights for health states) were assessed using the EQ-5D (EuroQol) questionnaire. Hypothetical treatment interventions were simulated to illustrate the model. RESULTS: The cohort distribution among the 6 Markov states clearly showed the progression of the disease over 5 years of followup. Costs increased with increasing severity of the Markov states, and total costs over 5 years were higher for patients who were in more severe Markov states at diagnosis. Utilities correlated well with the Markov states, and the EQ-5D was able to discriminate between patients with different HAQ scores within ACR functional class II. CONCLUSION: The Markov model was able to assess disease progression and costs in RA. The model can therefore be a useful tool in calculating the cost-effectiveness of different interventions aimed at changing the progression of the disease. (+info)Excess capacity: markets regulation, and values. (2/1052)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the conceptual bases for the conflicting views of excess capacity in healthcare markets and their application in the context of today's turbulent environment. STUDY SETTING: The policy and research literature of the past three decades. STUDY DESIGN: The theoretical perspectives of alternative economic schools of thought are used to support different policy positions with regard to excess capacity. Changes in these policy positions over time are linked to changes in the economic and political environment of the period. The social values implied by this history are articulated. DATA COLLECTION: Standard library search procedures are used to identify relevant literature. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Alternative policy views of excess capacity in healthcare markets rely on differing theoretical foundations. Changes in the context in which policy decisions are made over time affect the dominant theoretical framework and, therefore, the dominant policy view of excess capacity. CONCLUSIONS: In the 1990s, multiple perspectives of optimal capacity still exist. However, our evolving history suggests a set of persistent values that should guide future policy in this area. (+info)The cost effectiveness of strategies for the treatment of intestinal parasites in immigrants. (3/1052)
BACKGROUND: Currently, more than 600,000 immigrants enter the United States each year from countries where intestinal parasites are endemic. At entry persons with parasitic infections may be asymptomatic, and stool examinations are not a sensitive method of screening for parasitosis. Albendazole is a new, broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug, which was approved recently by the Food and Drug Administration. International trials have shown albendazole to be safe and effective in eradicating many parasites. In the United States there is now disagreement about whether to screen all immigrants for parasites, treat all immigrants presumptively, or do nothing unless they have symptoms. METHODS: We compared the costs and benefits of no preventive intervention (watchful waiting) with those of universal screening or presumptive treatment with 400 mg of albendazole per day for five days. Those at risk were defined as immigrants to the United States from Asia, the Middle East, sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. Cost effectiveness was expressed both in terms of the cost of treatment per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted (one DALY is defined as the loss of one year of healthy life to disease) and in terms of the cost per hospitalization averted. RESULTS: As compared with watchful waiting, presumptive treatment of all immigrants at risk for parasitosis would avert at least 870 DALYs, prevent at least 33 deaths and 374 hospitalizations, and save at least $4.2 million per year. As compared with watchful waiting, screening would cost $159,236 per DALY averted. CONCLUSIONS: Presumptive administration of albendazole to all immigrants at risk for parasitosis would save lives and money. Universal screening, with treatment of persons with positive stool examinations, would save lives but is less cost effective than presumptive treatment. (+info)Impact of market value on human mate choice decisions. (4/1052)
Mate choice strategies are a process of negotiation in which individuals make bids that are constrained by their status in the market place. Humans provide an unusual perspective on this because we can measure their explicitly expressed preferences before they are forced to make any choices. We use advertisements placed in newspaper personal columns to examine, first, the extent to which evolutionary considerations affect the level of competition (or market value) during the reproductively active period of people's lives and, second, the extent to which market value influences individual's willingness to make strong demands of prospective mates. We show that female market value is determined principally by women's fecundity (and, to a lesser extent, reproductive value), while male market value is determined by men's earning potential and the risk of future pairbond termination (the conjoint probability that the male will either die or divorce his partner during the next 20 years). We then show that these selection preferences strongly influence the levels of demands that men and women make of prospective partners (although older males tend to overestimate their market value). (+info)International economic analysis of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with pravastatin in WOSCOPS. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study. (5/1052)
AIMS: The results of the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS) demonstrated the clinical benefit of using pravastatin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in hypercholesterolaemic men. To inform decision makers, who must also consider costs, this study assesses the economic efficiency of such an intervention in a broad range of countries. METHODS AND RESULTS: A generalized model of cardiovascular disease prevention was used to estimate the cost-effectiveness of primary prevention with pravastatin compared to diet alone. This model follows a cohort of hypercholesterolaemic men over a given period quantifying the effect in terms of the avoidance of cardiovascular disease based on treatment-specific risks derived from WOSCOPS data and extensive record-linkage data on disease-specific survival. Country-specific costs are accounted for by expressing all such parameters in terms of the ratio of monthly treatment to that of managing a myocardial infarction. Over a broad range of inputs the cost-effectiveness ratios remain below $25,000 per life years gained, regardless of country. Subgroups with even better economic efficacy can be defined on the basis of higher baseline risk. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to some previous reports, this analysis based on trial data demonstrates that pravastatin provides not only an effective means of primary cardiovascular disease prevention, but also an efficient one. (+info)Choice and accountability in health promotion: the role of health economics. (6/1052)
Choices need to be made between competing uses of health care resources. There is debate about how these choices should be made, who should make them and the criteria upon which they should be made. Evaluation of health care is an important part of this debate. It has been suggested that the contribution of health economics to the evaluation of health promotion is limited, both because the methods and principles underlying economic evaluation are unsuited to health promotion, and because the political and cultural processes governing the health care system are more appropriate mechanisms for allocating health care resources than systematic economic analysis of the costs and benefits of different health care choices. This view misrepresents and misunderstands the contribution of health economics to the evaluation of health promotion. It overstates the undoubted methodological difficulties of evaluating health promotion. It also argues, mistakenly, that economists see economic evaluation as a substitute for the political and cultural processes governing health care, rather than an input to them. This paper argues for an economics input on grounds of efficiency, accountability and ethics, and challenges the critics of the economic approach to judge alternative mechanisms for allocating resources by the same criteria. (+info)The political economy of capitated managed care. (7/1052)
Despite the fact that billions of dollars are being invested in capitated managed care, it has yet to be subjected to the rigors of robust microeconomic modeling; hence, the seemingly intuitive assumptions driving managed care orthodoxy continue to gain acceptance with almost no theoretical examination or debate. The research in this paper finds the standard unidimensional model of risk generally used to analyze capitation--i.e., that risk is homogenous in nature, organizationally fungible, and linear in amplitude--to be inadequate. Therefore, the paper proposes to introduce a multidimensional model based on the assumption that phenomenologically unrelated species of risk result from non-homogenous types of socioeconomic activity in the medical marketplace. The multidimensional analysis proceeds to concentrate on two species of risk: probability risk and technical risk. A two-dimensional risk matrix reveals that capitation, far from being a market-oriented solution, actually prevents the formation of a dynamic price system necessary to optimize marketplace trades of medical goods and services. The analysis concludes that a universal attempt to purchase healthcare through capitation or any other insurance mechanism would render the reasonable attainment of social efficiency highly problematic. While in reality there are other identifiable species of risk (such as cost-utility risk), the analysis proceeds to hypothesize what a market-oriented managed care approach might look like within a two-dimensional risk matrix. (+info)Out-of-pocket health spending by poor and near-poor elderly Medicare beneficiaries. (8/1052)
OBJECTIVE: To estimate out-of-pocket health care spending by lower-income Medicare beneficiaries, and to examine spending variations between those who receive Medicaid assistance and those who do not receive such aid. DATA SOURCES AND COLLECTION: 1993 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) Cost and Use files, supplemented with data from the Bureau of the Census (Current Population Survey); the Congressional Budget Office; the Health Care Financing Administration, Office of the Actuary (National Health Accounts); and the Social Security Administration. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed out-of-pocket spending through a Medicare Benefits Simulation model, which projects out-of-pocket health care spending from the 1993 MCBS to 1997. Out-of-pocket health care spending is defined to include Medicare deductibles and coinsurance; premiums for private insurance, Medicare Part B, and Medicare HMOs; payments for non-covered goods and services; and balance billing by physicians. It excludes the costs of home care and nursing facility services, as well as indirect tax payments toward health care financing. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Almost 60 percent of beneficiaries with incomes below the poverty level did not receive Medicaid assistance in 1997. We estimate that these beneficiaries spent, on average, about half their income out-of-pocket for health care, whether they were enrolled in a Medicare HMO or in the traditional fee-for-service program. The 75 percent of beneficiaries with incomes between 100 and 125 percent of the poverty level who were not enrolled in Medicaid spent an estimated 30 percent of their income out-of-pocket on health care if they were in the traditional program and about 23 percent of their income if they were enrolled in a Medicare HMO. Average out-of-pocket spending among fee-for-service beneficiaries varied depending on whether beneficiaries had Medigap policies, employer-provided supplemental insurance, or no supplemental coverage. Those without supplemental coverage spent more on health care goods and services, but spent less than the other groups on prescription drugs and dental care-services not covered by Medicare. CONCLUSIONS: While Medicaid provides substantial protection for some lower-income Medicare beneficiaries, out-of-pocket health care spending continues to be a substantial burden for most of this population. Medicare reform discussions that focus on shifting more costs to beneficiaries should take into account the dramatic costs of health care already faced by this vulnerable population. (+info)Problems with economic models
Economic models can be such powerful tools in understanding some economic relationships that it is easy to ignore their ... Model risk: There is a significant amount of model risk inherent in the current mathematical modeling approaches to economics ... the model's "output" supports the validity of those assumptions. Such a model is consistent with similar models that have ... Most economic models rest on a number of assumptions that are not entirely realistic. For example, agents are often assumed to ...
Economic Modelling
... is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal on economics published by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are ... "Economic Modelling". 2021 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Social Sciences ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2022. (subscription ...
Economic model
Cobb-Douglas model of production Solow-Swan model of economic growth Lucas islands model of money supply Heckscher-Ohlin model ... interactive model of the Canadian Economy. IFs Economic Sub-Model [1]: Online Global Model Economic attractor Portal: Business ... Wikiquote has quotations related to Economic model. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Economic models. R. Frigg and S. ... a partial equilibrium model, or even a non-equilibrium model; according to the economic agent's characteristics, models can be ...
New Economic Model
The New Economic Model (NEM) 2011-2020 was an economic plan in Malaysia unveiled on 30 March 2010 by Malaysian Prime Minister ... Malaysian New Economic Policy National Development Policy Buku Jingga The New Economic Model - Najib Razak, The Malaysian ... "MCA welcomes New Economic Model". The Star. 30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2010 ... Ghee, Lim Teck (29 March 2010). "Perkasa, GLCs and the New Economic Model". The Malaysian Insider. Archived from the original ...
Doughnut (economic model)
The critiques found in the book are targeted at certain economic models and their common base. The mainstream economic models ... The main goal of the new model is to re-frame economic problems and set new goals. In this context, the model is also referred ... Raworth, Kate (28 April 2017). "Meet the Doughnut: The New Economic Model That Could Help End Inequality". World Economic Forum ... In fact, the doughnut model doesn't proscribe all economic growth or development. In her book, Raworth acknowledges that for ...
Parallel Economic Model
... (PEM) is a theoretical dual economy model meant for use used within a State or Province of a larger ... The origin of this Economic model came from work done by Emergency-Disaster Planner and student of Economics, Stephen Chafe. ... Most western countries use a singular Linear-Economic (LEM) model for all Commerce. This includes Banking and Trade based ... That is why PEM as a working model is an effective Plan-B for governments with limited financial resources to deal with certain ...
Madisonian Economic Model
The Madisonian Economic Model was James Madison's plan for the repayment of domestic debts after the American Revolution. It ... The Madisonian model favored this equity, but was rejected in favor of Hamilton's assumption plan. Founding Brothers by Joseph ... Economic history of the United States, James Madison). ...
Islamabad Model Special Economic Zone
The Islamabad Model Special Economic Zone (IMSEC) is Special Economic Zone situated near Rawat, Islamabad, associated with the ... "PM lays foundation stone of Islamabad Model Special Economic Zone". www.radio.gov.pk. Desk, Web (July 18, 2023). "Pakistan no ... "CPEC 2013-2023: PM Shehbaz lays foundation of Islamabad Model Special Economic Zone". July 18, 2023. (Pakistan articles missing ... Special economic zones of Pakistan, Economy of Pakistan, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, Islamabad). ...
Fei-Ranis model of economic growth
Economics models, Duality theories, Economic growth, Development economics, Economic development policy, Economic systems). ... Fei-Ranis model of economic growth has been criticized on multiple grounds, although if the model is accepted, then it will ... The Fei-Ranis model of economic growth is a dualism model in developmental economics or welfare economics that has been ... J. Choo, Hakchung (1971). "American Economic Review". On the Empirical Relevancy of the Rans-Fei Model of Economic Development ...
Error correction model
in Econometric Analysis for National Economic Planning, ed. by P. E. Hart, G. Mills, and J. N. Whittaker. London: Butterworths ... The resulting model is known as a vector error correction model (VECM), as it adds error correction features to a multi-factor ... An error correction model (ECM) belongs to a category of multiple time series models most commonly used for data where the ... If they are both integrated to the same order (commonly I(1)), we can estimate an ECM model of the form A ( L ) Δ y t = γ + B ...
Duck decoy (model)
Economic Botany. 43 (3): 386-415. doi:10.1007/bf02858736. JSTOR 4255181. S2CID 3200627. King. Timu Decoy ducks return to First ... The Stevens brothers made two models, the standard decoy and the sleeper "humpback" decoy. Evans Factory - Walter Evans (1872- ...
Large-scale macroeconometric model
Pesaran, M. H.; Smith, R. P. (1985). "Evaluation of Macroeconometric Models". Economic Modelling. 2 (2): 125-134. doi:10.1016/ ... Lucas summarized his critique: Given that the structure of an econometric model consists of optimal decision rules of economic ... Relevance means the model must be according to the requirements of the desired output. Consistency will expect the model to be ... Adequacy explains the model to be better in terms of its predictive performance. The main objective of the model decides its ...
Three-sector model
Conditions of Economic Progress Fisher, Allan GB. Production, primary, secondary and tertiary. Economic Record 15.1 (1939): 24- ... The 3 sector model is closely related to the development of national accounts, notably by Colin Clark. The concept of value ... The three-sector model in economics divides economies into three sectors of activity: extraction of raw materials (primary), ... proportion of economic activity is not directly related to physical goods has led some economists to expand the model by adding ...
Community banking models
Although there are many different models of community banking, the goal is always located in the socio-economic growth of ... Another community banking model in Nigeria is the Credit Development Division. The need for a community banking model arose out ... In this model, the bank invests directly into a project without the use of a middle man or negotiator. The Tanzanian government ... This model is closely linked to tenets of both social work in general and community organizing in particular, wherein each ...
Iceberg transport cost model
The iceberg transport cost model is a commonly used, simple economic model of transportation costs. It relates transport costs ... Paul Krugman's 1991 paper on Economic Geography is one of the more widely cited papers employing the model. The metaphor is ... McCann, Philip (2005). "Transport costs and new economic geography". Journal of Economic Geography. 5 (3): 305-316. doi:10.1093 ... "Ice(berg) Transport Costs." The Economic Journal. v t e v t e (Articles lacking in-text citations from October 2013, All ...
Dual-sector model
Initially enumerated in an article entitled "Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labor" written in 1954 by Sir ... The Dual Sector model, or the Lewis model, is a model in Developmental economics that explains the growth of a developing ... However, the model does provide a good general theory on labour transitioning in developing economies. This model has been ... whereas the model assumes any differential will result in a transfer. The model assumes rationality, perfect information and ...
Integrated Global System Model
"Long-term economic modeling for climate change assessment". Economic Modelling. 52 (Part B): 867-883. doi:10.1016/j.econmod. ... The IGSM couples the MIT Earth System Model (MESM), an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, to the Economic ... 2002). "Earth system models of intermediate complexity: closing the gap in the spectrum of climate system models" (PDF). ... The Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) is an Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) developed by the Massachusetts Institute of ...
Nordic model
Economic policy in Europe, Economic systems, Mixed economies, Nordic politics, Political-economic models, Social democracy, ... Iceland in the late 2010s moved away from the Nordic model towards the economic liberal model of workfare. She also noted that ... model associated with France Folkhemmet Liberal socialism Market socialism Nefco Polder model Rehn-Meidner model Rhenish model ... The Nordic model comprises the economic and social policies as well as typical cultural practices common in the Nordic ...
Two-moment decision model
Bar-Shira, Z., and Finkelshtain, I., "Two-moments decision models and utility-representable preferences," Journal of Economic ... Meyer, Jack (1987). "Two-moment decision models and expected utility maximization". American Economic Review. 77 (3): 421-430. ... In decision theory, economics, and finance, a two-moment decision model is a model that describes or prescribes the process of ... Review of Economic Studies. 45 (1): 197-199. doi:10.2307/2297094. JSTOR 2297094. Sinn, H.-W. (1983). Economic Decisions under ...
Lucas islands model
The Lucas islands model is an economic model of the link between money supply and price and output changes in a simplified ... The model was formulated by Robert Lucas, Jr. in a series of papers in the 1970s. The model contains a group of N islands, with ... American Economic Review. 63 (3): 326-334. JSTOR 1914364. Lucas (1975). "An Equilibrium Model of the Business Cycle". Journal ... Although economic agents are expected to respond to changes in the price level, the central bank is not able to control the ...
Kiyotaki-Moore model
The Kiyotaki-Moore model of credit cycles is an economic model developed by Nobuhiro Kiyotaki and John H. Moore that shows how ... Their model has become influential because earlier real business cycle models typically relied on large exogenous shocks to ... This positive feedback is what amplifies economic fluctuations in the model. The paper also analyzes cases where debt contracts ... American Economic Review. 95 (3): 739-764. doi:10.1257/0002828054201477. (New Keynesian economics, Economics models, Business ...
Occupational choice model
McCall, Brian P. (1991). "A dynamic model of occupational choice". Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control. 15 (2): 387-408. ... an occupational choice model is a model that seeks to answer why people enter into different occupations . In the model, in ... Benewitz, Maurice; Zucker, Albert (1968). "Human Capital and Occupational Choice: A Theoretical Model". Southern Economic ... In some versions of the model, an individual chooses that occupation for which the present value of his expected income is a ...
Big data maturity model
2014). "Big Data Maturity: An action plan for policymakers and executives". World Economic Forum. "Leverage a Big Data Maturity ... The model does not provide any recommendations as to how a firm would improve their big data maturity. This descriptive model ... Big data maturity models (BDMM) are the artifacts used to measure big data maturity. These models help organizations to create ... The TDWI big data maturity model is a model in the current big data maturity area and therefore consists of a significant body ...
Roy model
Roy, A. (1951). "Some Thoughts on the Distribution of Earnings". Oxford Economic Papers. 3 (2): 135-146. doi:10.1093/ ... The Roy model is one of the earliest works in economics on self-selection due to A. D. Roy. The basic model considers two types ... Heckman, J. J.; Vytlacil, E. (2007). "Econometric evaluation of social programs, part I: Causal models, structural models and ... George Borjas was the first to formalize the model of Roy in a mathematical sense and apply it to self-selection in immigration ...
IS-LM model
Three approaches are used when analyzing this economic model: graphical, numerical, and algebraic. In the IS-LM-NAC model, the ... But in practice the main role of the model is as a path to explain the AD-AS model. The IS-LM model was introduced at a ... When this component is added to the IS-LM model, a new model called IS-LM-FE emerges. The IS-LM-FE model is widely used in ... IS-LMentary - A basic explanation of the model and its uses. Wiens, Elmer G. IS-LM model - An online, interactive IS-LM model ...
Tesla Model X
"A Tesla Model X transported SpaceX astronauts to the shuttle - Manned mission". The Economic Times. Retrieved April 27, 2021 ... "TESLA MODEL X (model family) - How Many Left?". www.howmanyleft.co.uk. Retrieved July 3, 2023. "Tesla Model S and Model X won't ... This included 63,150 Model 3 (13% growth over Q3), 13,500 Model S, and 14,050 Model X vehicles. "Tesla Q2 2016 Vehicle ... In fact, of all the cars NHTSA has ever tested, Model X's overall probability of injury was second only to Model S." The Model ...
Affine term structure model
The Economic Journal. 122 (564): F385-F414. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2012.02554.x. ISSN 0013-0133. S2CID 153927550. Christensen ... Financial models, Fixed income analysis, Stochastic models, Short-rate models, Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics ... An affine term structure model is a financial model that relates zero-coupon bond prices (i.e. the discount curve) to a spot ... One approach to affine term structure modeling is to enforce an arbitrage-free condition on the proposed model. In a series of ...
Building information modeling
Due to its population and economic growth, India has an expanding construction market. In spite of this, BIM usage was reported ... model which combines several different disciplines' models into one. Combining models enables visualisation of all models in a ... Data model Design computing Digital twin (the physical manifestation instrumented and connected to the model) BCF IFC GIS ... "Building Information Modeling: Ekspertyza dotycząca możliwości wdrożenia metodyki BIM w Polsce ("Building Information Modeling ...
Harrod-Domar model
Economic growth Feldman-Mahalanobis model Solow-Swan model Harrod, Roy F. (1939). "An Essay in Dynamic Theory". The Economic ... The Harrod-Domar model is a Keynesian model of economic growth. It is used in development economics to explain an economy's ... ISBN 0-07-055039-5. Sato, Ryuzo (1964). "The Harrod-Domar Model vs the Neo-Classical Growth Model". The Economic Journal. 74 ( ... The model implies that economic growth depends on policies to increase investment, by increasing saving, and using that ...
Klein-Goldberger model
ISBN 0-444-70267-9. Fox, Karl A. (1968). "The Construction of Large-Scale Economic Models". Intermediate Economic Statistics. ... and paved the way for even larger models such as the Wharton models of the 1960s, or the Brookings model, with almost 400 ... Maas, Harro (2014). "Model Simulations: the 'Adelman-Adelman test'". Economic Methodology: A Historical Introduction. Routledge ... The Klein-Goldberger model was an early macroeconometric model for the United States developed by Lawrence Klein and Arthur ...
Economic Models
New Economic Models for E-Textbooks: Cliff Lynch Speaks with IUPUIs David Lewis (February 12) CNI Conversations Podcast, Feb ... Economic Models. The current technological environment provides opportunities to rethink how information is disseminated and ... CNI was one of the first venues in which the economic issues related to licensing of e-journals was explored, and we continue ... The Path to Open Books Pilot: A Sustainable Model for Making University Press Frontlist Titles Open Access at Scale? (March 23 ...
The economic model
... In order to properly weigh up what is the best portfolio of projects in terms of social costs and benefits, ... More information about the economic model can be found in the (Dutch) achtergrondrapport van de Participatieve Waarde Evaluatie ... The econometric model we use looks for the flavor parameters that best describe portfolio choices. Click on this link to find ... The econometric model we use looks for the flavor parameters that best describe portfolio choices. The costs and benefits of a ...
Future of Reusable Consumption Models | World Economic Forum
This World Economic Forum report provides an alternative plastic waste-reduction model and presents the Reuse Viability ... The need for a more reuse-centred economic model is urgent and grows more so with each passing year. It is up to all ... The World Economic Forums Platform for Shaping the Future of Consumption aims to advance responsible models of consumption ... The World Economic Forums Platform for Shaping the Future of Consumption aims to advance responsible models of consumption ...
Problems with economic models - Wikipedia
Economic models can be such powerful tools in understanding some economic relationships that it is easy to ignore their ... Model risk: There is a significant amount of model risk inherent in the current mathematical modeling approaches to economics ... the models "output" supports the validity of those assumptions. Such a model is consistent with similar models that have ... Most economic models rest on a number of assumptions that are not entirely realistic. For example, agents are often assumed to ...
China Is No Economic Model for America
... The countrys current struggles show the problems of the Beijing way-and make the case ... Indeed, a far more significant contributor to Japans economic success was overall economic freedom between the 1950s and 1970s ... ChinaEconomyEconomicsFreedomCoronavirusPandemicEconomic GrowthUnemploymentHousing PolicyGovernmentDebtJapanAcademiaPolicyWar ... But to no avail, as evidenced by a painful economic slowdown. As the country entered the 1990s-what is now known as its "lost ...
JEDI Wind Models | Jobs and Economic Development Impact Models | NREL
JEDI Wind Models. The Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) Wind model allows the user to estimate economic development ... December 2008 Model. Note: The JEDI OffShore Wind Model (rel. OSW08.19.16) model contains a circular reference. Model users ... Download JEDI Wind Energy Models. .st0{fill:#fff}. JEDI Land-Based Wind Models ... Model users are encouraged to enter as much project-specific data as possible, including these inputs: *Construction materials ...
Economic Modeling and Inference | Mathematical Association of America
8.2 The Prototypal Search Model 110. 8.3 Alternative Economic Parametrizations 115. 8.4 Models for Joint Wage and Duration Data ... 18.3 Capital Asset Pricing Model 362. 18.4 Estimation 363. 18.5 A Structural Model 365. 18.6 Asset Pricing Puzzles 369. 18.7 ... Chapter 7: Econometric Framework for the Search Model 87. 7.1 The Search Model 87. 7.2 Likelihood: General Considerations 89. ... Chapter 9: Measurement Error in the Prototypal Job Search Model 129. 9.1 Introduction 129. 9.2 The Prototypal Search Model 130 ...
Economic Models at the Bank of England | Bank of England
Economic models at the Bank of England: September 2000 update ... Economic Models at the Bank of England Economic Models at the ... the Bank of England published Economic models at the Bank of England, a book that described the economic modelling tools that ... It was made clear at the time that economic models should not be thought of as fixed in form or content, and that model ...
PN Vasudevan, MD, Equitas: The model millionaire - The Economic Times
Catch all the Business News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on The Economic Times.). Download The Economic Times ... So this model is better.". Why does he own so less of the company? "(I have) Never wanted anyone to own more than 15 per cent ... Subscribe to The Economic Times Prime and read the ET ePaper online. ...
An economic model that supports communities | Bangor University
An economic model that supports communities This article by Dr Edward Thomas Jones, Lecturer in Economics first appeared in the ... As I prepare for the new academic year, now is a good time to revisit some of the economic models Ill be teaching my students ... Over the summer months I have become particularly interested in one type of model: community ownership. This is a simple but an ... extremely powerful model. It harnesses the collective capacity, skills and innovation in communities and directs these towards ...
Don't waste the crisis: Critical perspectives for a new economic model
Dont waste the crisis: Critical perspectives for a new economic modelpdf - 1.2 MB * ... Executive summary of the title : Dont waste the crisis: Critical perspectives for a new economic model [pdf 198KB] ... Dont waste the crisis: Critical perspectives for a new economic model. This collection of short articles examines the causes ... Panel Discussion: "Dont Waste the Crisis - Critical Perspectives for a New Economic Model" ...
OECD Expert workshop on Economic Modelling of Climate and Related Tipping Points - OECD
Environmental indicators, modelling and outlooks. OECD Expert workshop on Economic Modelling of Climate and Related Tipping ... OECD Home EnvironmentEnvironmental indicators, modelling and outlooksOECD Expert workshop on Economic Modelling of Climate and ... Models that underpin most economic analyses of climate change rarely include the possibility of abrupt changes to the climate ... Session 2 - Modelling the economic consequences of tipping points in the climate system Chair: Shardul Agrawala, OECD ...
Agent Based Economic Model Comparison
Both models consists of N agents (economic actors such as a person, family, or… ... This EJS JavaScript model compares two agent-based economic models with different wealth transaction rules (algorithms) and ... Agent Based Economic Model Comparison:. Is Based On Easy Java Simulations Modeling and Authoring Tool Use the Easy Java ... Both models consists of N agents (economic actors such as a person, family, or a company) that make economic decisions. ...
Pope Benedict: environmental crisis requires review of world's economic model
In it Benedict calls for a "long-term review" of the worlds current economic model, including "[moving] beyond a purely ... Highlighting that these environmental problems are intricately linked to the worlds current economic model, the Pope calls for ... From rat-ridden to reserve, Redonda is an island restoration role model ... a "a profound, long-term review of our model of development, one which would take into consideration the meaning of the economy ...
Circular Business Models: How circular are companies? - German Economic Institute (IW)
Networking, including innovation networks, and new business models are central. Networking and new business models are more ... Circular Business Models: How circular are companies? Download PDF Quote Copy the information Fluchs, Sarah / Neligan, Adriana ... Circular Business Models: How circular are companies? Download PDF Quote Copy the information Fluchs, Sarah / Neligan, Adriana ... May 2022 Circular Business Models: How circular are companies? On the way to climate neutrality, the transition from a linear ...
Economic models news and latest updates
Commentary: Is China's economic growth model superior and worth copying? - CNA
Commentary: Is Chinas economic growth model superior and worth copying? Should US leaders emulate Chinese policies to back ... "The commercial goal of selling more GM Buicks and Chevrolets in China becomes a political and economic campaign to enhance the ... But much of the US economic policy response to China is misdirected. ... à-vis China is the tradeoff between national security and the benefits of economic exchange, not Chinas support for state- ...
We need new economic model for North Korea - The Korea Times
In the past, suggestions for an economic model for North Korea to emulate have often gravitated toward the paths taken by China ... In the lead-up to the Hanoi summit, Vietnams success was also touted as a model for the North, with speculation that Kim might ... Ultimately, there is likely no good existing model for the reforms that North Korea will need to take if it is to transition to ... Troy Stangarone ([email protected]) is the senior director of congressional affairs and trade at the Korea Economic Institute.. ...
Econometric models and economic forecasts | WHO FCTC
Why the time has come for Zero-Trust model of cybersecurity | World Economic Forum
The Zero-Trust model is recognized as an effective approach to prevent data breaches and mitigate risk of supply chain attacks ... World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ... The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum. ... Why the time has come to embrace the Zero-Trust model of cybersecurity. .chakra .wef-vfu1qj{margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px; ...
Chart: Annual industry spending (model inputs) under scenario three | Economic Policy Institute
Annual industry spending (model inputs) under scenario three. $ billions. Share of total. ... Economic Analysis and Research Network • EARN. A network of state and local organizations improving workers lives through ... Previous chart: « Annual industry spending (model inputs) under scenario two Next chart: Comparisons of estimated macroeconomic ... EPI is an independent, nonprofit think tank that researches the impact of economic trends and policies on working people in the ...
Economic Model Describes Cost Effectiveness of FilmArray Respiratory Panel for Kids | GenomeWeb
Economic Model Describes Cost Effectiveness of FilmArray Respiratory Panel for Kids Jul 08, 2015 , Madeleine Johnson ... Nelson said the modeling study was initiated in response to requests for data from clinicians at Primary Childrens Hospital in ... Health economics modeling for pediatrics is somewhat unique, Richard Nelson, a health economist and first author on the study, ... Typically a model will consider costs to three agents - the patient, the provider, and the payor. ...
Economic Recovery: A Model for the Nation | Site Selection Magazine
Colorados COVID-19 response is a model for the nation in terms of both public health and economic outcomes. ... A Model for the Nation. How Gov. Polis responded to COVID-19 set an example for the rest of the U.S.. ... He adds that "we need to make investing in our small businesses the top priority of the economic recovery at the federal level ... Jared Polis was actively engaged in an effort to lead his state toward optimum outcomes in public health and economic recovery. ...
Mathematical Modeling of Collective Behavior in Socio-Economic and Life Sciences | Mathematical Association of America
Rural Revitalization and Digital Financial Economic Development Model Based on Multimodal Sensor Fusion
... and then use the economic development model constructed in this paper to carry out the economic analysis of the BPNN model and ... This paper uses this technology to study the economic development model. Firstly, the research method is to visit and ... It shows that the economic development model constructed in this paper has achieved good results. ... and it constructs a rural economic development model combined with digital finance. ...
The U.S. Economic Agenda: A Sweatshop Model of Development | NACLA
The US Economic Agenda: A Sweatshop Model of Development 1. "Haiti," Foreign Economic Trends and Their Implications for the ... The United States has a sig- nificant economic presence in Haiti. Prior to the coup (the most recent figures available), U.S. ... 7. "Haiti," Foreign Economic Trends and Their Implications, U.S. Department of Commerce. 8. The Electrotechnical Industry in ... took the delegation to a "model" apparel factory in Haitis export-assembly sector. At the factory, where fabric is sewn into ...
APEC builds expertise on Input-Output tables for economic modelling | APEC
IOTs are a key tool for economic modelling since they show economic exchanges of goods and services among industrial sectors, ... APEC builds expertise on Input-Output tables for economic modelling. APEC Secretariat Singapore , 01 December 2011 ... APEC Advances Indigenous Peoples Economic Priorities through Trade. San Francisco, The United States , 01 December 2023 2023 ... Building a greater understanding of IOTs is important for APEC given its mission to strengthen economic integration in the ...
now publishers - Choice Models in Marketing: Economic Assumptions, Challenges and Trends
Choice Models in Marketing. Choice Models in Marketing examines recent developments in the modeling of choice for marketing and ... Direct utility models differ from other choice models by directly modeling the consumer utility function used to derive the ... offering advantages in model interpretation over models based on indirect utility, and descriptive models that tend to be ... Choice Models in Marketing: Economic Assumptions, Challenges and Trends. By Sandeep R. Chandukala, Kelley School of Business, ...
Regional Economic Analysis and Impact Models
... while a standard input-output model only accounts for economic variables.. University of Utah - Regional Economic Analysis and ... Regional Economic Analysis and Impact Models. This paper from the University of Utah assessed the key difference between input- ... output modeling and REMIs dynamic modeling approach. It includes diagrams for the structures of both types of models as well ... as detailed descriptions of the capabilities and linkages of each style of economic modeling. The author also found that the ...
Diagnostics | Free Full-Text | Health Economic Decision Tree Models of Diagnostics for Dummies: A Pictorial Primer
Such decision tree models are the basis of reimbursement decisions in countries using health technology assessment for decision ... These errors have consequences for the accuracy of model results, and thereby impact on decision making. This paper sets out to ... One method used in health economics is decision tree modelling, which extrapolates the cost and effectiveness of competing ... overcome these errors using color to link fundamental epidemiological calculations to decision tree models in a visually and ...
LinkagesQuantitativelyImpactsChina'sMethodsEconomicsSulfide depositsInterventionsEconomicallyTransitionClimateGrowthAssumptionsEnvironmentalResearchersOutcomesEconometricAnalysesSocietalCycles2021ConsequencesContentGeneral EquilibriumInvestigateDevelopmentEstimationApproach2020ConceptualCrisisRegressionMiningAnalyzeHealthSimulateStatistical modelsToolsImpactReformsMathematicalSustainable economicInnovationEconomyAnalysisResultsCalculationsConclusionsUtility ModelsTimeEstimateCircularAvailReservesDevelopmentsHttpsDataBusiness modelsExamplesStudyInsightSystem
Linkages3
- If policy makers' understanding of the economy and international economic linkages are refined, it may progressively change the way governments formulate and implement their policies," he said. (apec.org)
- It includes diagrams for the structures of both types of models as well as detailed descriptions of the capabilities and linkages of each style of economic modeling. (remi.com)
- These programmes used various strategies to empower oral health integrated care, including building interdisciplinary networks, training non-dental care providers, oral health champion modelling, enabling care linkages and care coordinated process, as well as the use of e-health technologies. (medscape.com)
Quantitatively2
- In order to properly weigh up what is the best portfolio of projects in terms of social costs and benefits, the choices made by respondents must be analyzed quantitatively with econometric choice models. (tudelft.nl)
- The authors focus on aspects of choice that can be quantitatively modeled and consider models related to a process of constrained utility maximization. (nowpublishers.com)
Impacts6
- The Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) Wind model allows the user to estimate economic development impacts from wind power generation projects. (nrel.gov)
- Some of the model's categories have been re-labeled to reflect a more accurate description of these impacts and facilitate user interpretation of model results. (nrel.gov)
- These include large-scale tipping points in the Earth's climate as well as climate change-induced impacts that could cause abrupt changes to the economic system. (oecd.org)
- This includes the valuation of climate change impacts, the economic impact of climate change mitigation policies and the examination of climate change related risks, vulnerabilities and adaptation potential. (feem.it)
- ECOCEP follows an integrated approach to modelling the impacts of climate and energy policies as a way to advance towards a highly energy efficient, low carbon and green global economy. (feem.it)
- Tools that model socioeconomic or economic factors in relation to climate change effects or impacts. (cakex.org)
China's5
- Did any of the Americans who not long ago wanted to implement some of China's top-down economic policies see this coming? (reason.com)
- Commentary: Is China's economic growth model superior and worth copying? (channelnewsasia.com)
- Below we are featuring an important comment from PlutoniumKun, where he weighs in on the debate over how serious China's current and prospective economic problems are. (nakedcapitalism.com)
- Many scholars have regarded China's emergence as an economic force as a threat to democracy in Africa, presenting China as the exporter of an authoritarian model through its rising economic influence. (lu.se)
- 2020. "China-The Champion of the Developing World: A Study of China's new Development Model and its Role in Changing Global Economic Governance. (lu.se)
Methods1
- Wasserbacher and Spindler introduced machine learning methods for financial forecasting, planning, and analysis (FPA) to analyze models of economic development. (hindawi.com)
Economics10
- More information about the economic model can be found in the (Dutch) achtergrondrapport van de Participatieve Waarde Evaluatie voor de Lange Termijn Ambitie Rivieren and the publication "The Economics of Participatory Value Evaluation" . (tudelft.nl)
- Any analysis of the results of an economic model must therefore consider the extent to which these results may be compromised by inaccuracies in these assumptions, and there is a growing literature debunking economics and economic models. (wikipedia.org)
- In turn, environmental economics has been accused of omitting key financial considerations from its models. (wikipedia.org)
- Health economics modeling for pediatrics is somewhat unique, Richard Nelson, a health economist and first author on the study, told GenomeWeb in an interview this week. (genomeweb.com)
- IOTs are a key tool for economic modelling since they show economic exchanges of goods and services among industrial sectors, said Alexey Ponomarenko, Director of the International Institute for Education in Statistics at the Higher School of Economics, Moscow. (apec.org)
- The conference was sponsored by Russia's Ministry of Economic Development and organized by the Higher School of Economics, a Moscow-based National Research University. (apec.org)
- One method used in health economics is decision tree modelling, which extrapolates the cost and effectiveness of competing interventions over time. (mdpi.com)
- This is baked into the standard model - and the Chinese are fully aware of this, and have been since at least the 1980's and 1990's when I started following (from afar) the Chinese economy from a development economics perspective. (nakedcapitalism.com)
- The Health Economics and Modeling Unit (HEMU) was established in 2011 as a means to address the health economics and modeling needs of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), along with other CDC centers and offices. (cdc.gov)
- 2020. "China as Exemplar: Justin Lin, New Structural Economics, and the Unorthodox Orthodoxy of the China Model. (lu.se)
Sulfide deposits2
- Economic modeling for massive sulfide deposits indicated the RMV necessary for a 15% Discounted Cash-Flow Rate-Of-Return (DCFROR) for an underground cut-and-fill mine ranged from $137/mt for a 6,100 mtpd on-site milling operation to $526/mt for a 450 mtpd offsite milling operation. (cdc.gov)
- The economic modeling indicated combinations of grades and tonnages for stratiform sulfide deposits that could be economically viable for orebodies ranging in size from 25 to 130 million metric tons. (cdc.gov)
Interventions2
- Many also advocated replacing our free market policies with the heavy-handed economic interventions that they were confident formed the secret sauce of Japan's fast growth: industrial policy. (reason.com)
- Many economic analyses of health interventions use a particular type of mathematical model to simulate the conditions under which an intervention might be used. (cdc.gov)
Economically2
- Both are examples of economically developing Communist states that engaged in economic reforms to transition from a state-led system to a market economy. (koreatimes.co.kr)
- Reserves and recoverable metal values (RMV) needed to make these deposits economically viable were modeled. (cdc.gov)
Transition2
- This event is part of the OECD Horizontal Project on Building Climate and Economic Resilience in the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy . (oecd.org)
- There is a line of thought among some China analysts that Xi was selected and given extraordinary powers specifically to deal with what was foreseen to be a very difficult transition from a the current development model to 'developed' status, which has always overtly been the holy grail for the CCP. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Climate5
- Models that underpin most economic analyses of climate change rarely include the possibility of abrupt changes to the climate or economic systems. (oecd.org)
- The workshop convened leading experts in the field of environmental-economic modelling and climate science to discuss the current state of scientific understanding surrounding abrupt changes to the climate and economic systems due to climate change and climate-related policies. (oecd.org)
- The following two sessions focused on state-of-the-art economic modelling of climate and related tipping points. (oecd.org)
- The creation and the reinforcement of networks for joint research and high-level training of researchers in economic modelling applicable to the climate change and energy policies in the EU and other countries. (feem.it)
- The World Economic Forum re-affirmed that climate change is a serious economic issue and that there are significant threats to the world economy if we don't take action to mitigate or adapt to climate change during the next ten years," he added while commenting on UAAE's hosting of COP28 later this year. (zawya.com)
Growth10
- We should always be suspicious of single-factor explanations of an extremely complex phenomenon like economic growth. (reason.com)
- Similarly, the Japanese government's push to reallocate resources away from an inefficient agricultural sector into manufacturing may have played some role in the country's economic growth, but there's a limit to what policies like these can achieve. (reason.com)
- The world has also changed since China and Vietnam began to pursue their export-led growth models. (koreatimes.co.kr)
- The Governor's Council on Economic Stability and Growth issued more than 150 recommendations over two months of work to stabilize the Colorado economy and stimulate recovery. (siteselection.com)
- Developing a detailed analysis of economies' carbon footprint could impact on policies for sustainable economic growth, an APEC priority, the conference heard. (apec.org)
- This paper presents a modeling method for analyzing a small transportation company's start-up and growth during a global economic crisis which had an impact on China which is designed to help the owners make better investment and operating decisions with limited data. (hindawi.com)
- Since the transportation market is segmented by business type and transportation distance, a polynomial model and logistic curve model were constructed to forecast the growth trend of each segmented transportation market, and the seasonal influence function was fitted by seasonal ratio method. (hindawi.com)
- The objective of this study is to model the start-up and growth of a newly established truck transportation company during the economic recession whose main business is seaport containers and bulk inland transportation. (hindawi.com)
- However, as we have pointed out (following Michael Pettis and Marshall Auerback, among others) and PlutoniumKun highlights, China seems not just to be having what would be expected difficulty in changing from an investment/export led growth model to one with domestic consumption being far more important. (nakedcapitalism.com)
- But the reality is that a crisis is inevitable for any country pursuing an unbalanced growth model - i.e. by focusing on investment and exports over domestic/consumer led growth. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Assumptions9
- Most economic models rest on a number of assumptions that are not entirely realistic. (wikipedia.org)
- Probably unrealistic assumptions are pervasive in neoclassical economic theory (also called the "standard theory" or "neoclassical paradigm"), and those assumptions are inherited by simplified models for that theory. (wikipedia.org)
- Stiglitz surveys many aspects of these faulty standard models, and the faulty policy implications and recommendations that arise from their unrealistic assumptions. (wikipedia.org)
- The fundamental issue is circular reasoning: embedding one's assumptions as foundational "input" axioms in a model, then proceeding to "prove" that, indeed, the model's "output" supports the validity of those assumptions. (wikipedia.org)
- Such a model is consistent with similar models that have adopted those same assumptions. (wikipedia.org)
- Sandeep R. Chandukala, Jaehwan Kim, Thomas Otter, Peter E. Rossi and Greg M. Allenby (2008), "Choice Models in Marketing: Economic Assumptions, Challenges and Trends", Foundations and Trends® in Marketing: Vol. 2: No. 2, pp 97-184. (nowpublishers.com)
- Reiterating his previous calls for "a rational appraisal of the Stafford Sands model because it is based on the wrong assumptions", Mr Sears called on The Bahamas to develop an investment template that was "transparent, certain and predictable" and designed for its own interests rather than for the likes of the European Union (EU). (tribune242.com)
- Rather than acting pursuant to a threat, or perceived external threat, there needs to be a rational appraisal of the Stafford Sands model because it is based on the wrong assumptions," Mr Sears continued. (tribune242.com)
- Since one of the main reasons that mathematical models are used is because the researchers are trying to bridge gaps in data, it is always appropriate to ask-What if some of the assumptions used in the model were changed? (cdc.gov)
Environmental3
- The report presents the Reuse Viability Framework, a proprietary ground-breaking tool created by the initiative, to establish the viability of reuse-centred production and consumption cycles and demonstrate the potential for superior economic, environmental and social impact relative to single-use alternatives. (weforum.org)
- Highlighting that these environmental problems are intricately linked to the world's current economic model, the Pope calls for a "a profound, long-term review of our model of development, one which would take into consideration the meaning of the economy and its goals with an eye to correcting its malfunctions and misapplications. (mongabay.com)
- Multimodal sensors are defined by the existence of multiple models or channels, such as visual, auditory, environmental, and physiological signals. (hindawi.com)
Researchers1
- ERS researchers employ a global economic model to assess the effects of two potential policies-(1) removing tariffs on forest-risk products and (2) prohibiting export of illegally logged wood-that could affect tropical forest loss. (usda.gov)
Outcomes5
- Exploring how race, ethnicity, and class intersect to affect economic outcomes in the United States. (epi.org)
- Published last month in The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , the study employed a decision analytic model to compare costs and outcomes of flu diagnosis using traditional PCR, direct-fluorescence antibody, rapid antigen tests, and the FilmArray RP. (genomeweb.com)
- Long before most leaders in the U.S. even knew exactly what hit them in March, Colorado Gov. Jared Polis was actively engaged in an effort to lead his state toward optimum outcomes in public health and economic recovery. (siteselection.com)
- The primary objective of this study was to estimate the association between local smoke-free air laws and economic outcomes in restaurants and bars in 8 states without statewide smoke-free air laws: Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, South Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia. (cdc.gov)
- The primary objective of this study was to estimate the association between local smoke-free air laws and economic outcomes in restaurants and bars in 8 states without statewide smoke-free air laws to obtain information about the likely economic impact of a statewide smoke-free air law in the selected states. (cdc.gov)
Econometric1
- The econometric model we use looks for the flavor parameters that best describe portfolio choices. (tudelft.nl)
Analyses2
Societal3
- The World Economic Forum's Platform for Shaping the Future of Consumption aims to advance responsible models of consumption that are equitable, promote societal well-being and protect the planet. (weforum.org)
- Comparing differences in benefits between anti-CD20 mAbs from a health -economic and societal perspective. (bvsalud.org)
- Statistical forecast models play a role in predicting future epidemic threats, managing of societal, economic, cultural, and public health matters. (who.int)
Cycles1
- To preserve value for as long as possible and to conserve resources while maintaining competitiveness circular business models that are strategically oriented towards enabling, closing, creating or extending resource cycles (four circular strategies) become relevant. (iwkoeln.de)
20212
Consequences1
- These errors have consequences for the accuracy of model results, and thereby impact on decision making. (mdpi.com)
Content2
- Some current work involves licensing models for e-books and content on mobile devices. (cni.org)
- It was made clear at the time that economic models should not be thought of as fixed in form or content, and that model development is a continual process. (bankofengland.co.uk)
General Equilibrium3
- James Stanford outlines this issue for the specific Computable General Equilibrium ("CGE") models that were introduced as evidence into the public policy debate, by advocates for NAFTA. (wikipedia.org)
- Despite the prominence of Stiglitz' 2001 Nobel prize lecture, the use of arguably misleading neoclassical models persisted in 2007, according to these authors: The working paper, "Debunking the Myths of Computable General Equilibrium Models", provides both a history, and a readable theoretical analysis of what CGE models are, and are not. (wikipedia.org)
- In particular, despite their name, CGE models use neither the Walrass general equilibrium, nor the Arrow-Debreus General Equilibrium frameworks. (wikipedia.org)
Investigate2
- Firstly, the research method is to visit and investigate the residents and basic economic situation of a village and then use the economic development model constructed in this paper to carry out the economic analysis of the BPNN model and Kalman filter model. (hindawi.com)
- To cap the deadly effect caused by the pandemic, we apply a statistical modelling approach to investigate and predict COVID-19 incidence. (who.int)
Development11
- Reid Aronstein, global business development manager for the Colorado Office of Economic Development and International Trade, says that a statewide business survey conducted in April helped reveal the scope of the challenges faced by Colorado businesses. (siteselection.com)
- In addition, the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy under the environment of data financial and economic development can be more convenient and efficient. (hindawi.com)
- However, the traditional sensor fusion technology still has the disadvantages of low efficiency and high cost in the application of Rural Revitalization and digital financial economic development model. (hindawi.com)
- In order to solve the shortcomings of this technology, this paper proposes a multimodal sensor fusion technology combined with BP neural network (BPNN, a commonly used feedback neural network) and Kalman filter (a linear filtering algorithm), and it constructs a rural economic development model combined with digital finance. (hindawi.com)
- This paper uses this technology to study the economic development model. (hindawi.com)
- It shows that the economic development model constructed in this paper has achieved good results. (hindawi.com)
- Studying the economic development model of Rural Revitalization and digital finance can accelerate the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy. (hindawi.com)
- Weeks continues discussions with the governor and economic development leader. (corning.com)
- Additionally, by checking the development trajectory of the case company's business and the financial crisis in 2008, the modeling and analysis suggest that the sample company is affected by national macroeconomic factors such as GDP and import & export, and this effect comes with a time lag of one to two years. (hindawi.com)
- Transport infrastructure is critical to economic development of a country and can provide competitive advantage. (hindawi.com)
- At this point, it's usually a good idea to hold a second workshop with your Development Community to complete the Action Model. (cdc.gov)
Estimation1
- Recent advances in Bayesian estimation make the estimation of these models computationally feasible, offering advantages in model interpretation over models based on indirect utility, and descriptive models that tend to be highly parameterized. (nowpublishers.com)
Approach2
20204
- 2020. "An Estimated Structural Model of Entrepreneurial Behavior. (aeaweb.org)
- 2020. "The Political Economy of the Chinese Model in Ethiopia. (lu.se)
- Of the five African countries accounting for close to 76% of new infections, three of them are members of the SADC namely South Africa, Zambia, and Namibia (UN Economic Commission for Africa, 2020). (who.int)
- 2020) predicted the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases for Malaysia using the ARIMA model. (who.int)
Conceptual2
- investigated and understood China farmers' financing intentions for Inclusive Finance, integrated the embeddedness of social enterprises and digital finance into conceptual models, and further studied its regulatory role. (hindawi.com)
- Purely conceptual modeling papers, for example, are unlikely to be of immediate and practical value to our intended audience. (cdc.gov)
Crisis2
- We have pointed out that a Chinese economic crisis has been overpredicted for a very long time. (nakedcapitalism.com)
- Only time will tell if this is an existential economic crisis for China or just a very unpleasant blip. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Regression1
- Since there is limited data, simple regression model and binary regression model failed to generate satisfactory results, so an additive periodic time series model was built to forecast business orders and income. (hindawi.com)
Mining1
- Economic modeling for low sulfide vein gold deposits indicated the RMV necessary for a 15% DCFROR for an open-pit mine, off-site mining operation ranged from $54/mt at 2,900 mtpd to $71/mt at 360 mtpd, and from $49/mt at 2,900 mtpd to $100/mt at 360 mtpd for an on-site milling operation. (cdc.gov)
Analyze1
- We analyze the software industry from an economic perspective: how it was affected by software licensed under free conditions and what is its potential for the future. (e-booksdirectory.com)
Health7
- Such decision tree models are the basis of reimbursement decisions in countries using health technology assessment for decision making. (mdpi.com)
- HEMU strives to evaluate the total health impact of disease programs and illnesses through the use of comprehensive evaluations and modeling. (cdc.gov)
- For an example, check out this page about the Blue Island, Illinois Action Model and Community Health Monitoring program on the city's website. (cdc.gov)
- Health-economic benefits of anti-CD20 treatments in relapsing multiple sclerosis estimated using a treatment-sequence model. (bvsalud.org)
- To reflect lifetime use of DMTs, we used a treatment -sequence model to compare ocrelizumab/ofatumumab and eight other drug classes in terms of health (lifetime relapses , time to Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] 6, lifetime quality-adjusted life years ) and cost - effectiveness (net health benefit ). (bvsalud.org)
- The FOCUS PEDSA quality performance derway in Dubai, the health sector is also improvement model was used as a frame- undergoing a process of reform. (who.int)
- In applying this model a strategic planning a core business in the organization of health workshop was conducted in April 2003 to care in this emirate [9]. (who.int)
Simulate1
- One tangible example where the limits of economic models allegedly collided with reality, but were nevertheless accepted as "evidence" in public policy debates, involved models to simulate the effects of NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement. (wikipedia.org)
Statistical models2
- We begin with a review of statistical models of choice, posing a series of modeling challenges that are resolved by considering economic foundations based on constrained utility maximization. (nowpublishers.com)
- For statistical models, a table of results should provide the results of all the variables used in the model, the statistical significance of each variable, and a measure of goodness-of-fit of the entire model. (cdc.gov)
Tools4
- Economic models can be such powerful tools in understanding some economic relationships that it is easy to ignore their limitations. (wikipedia.org)
- In April 1999, the Bank of England published Economic models at the Bank of England, a book that described the economic modelling tools that help the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) in its work. (bankofengland.co.uk)
- Interactive tools and videos bringing clarity to the national dialogue on economic inequality. (epi.org)
- Decision tree", "Markov model", and "Monte Carlo model" are examples of the tools that can be used in any of the three types of economic analysis. (cdc.gov)
Impact4
- EPI is an independent, nonprofit think tank that researches the impact of economic trends and policies on working people in the United States. (epi.org)
- Loomis BR, Shafer PR, van Hasselt M. The Economic Impact of Smoke-Free Laws on Restaurants and Bars in 9 States. (cdc.gov)
- A secondary objective was to examine the economic impact of a 2010 statewide smoke-free restaurant and bar law in North Carolina. (cdc.gov)
- On the basis of these findings, we would not expect a statewide smoke-free law in Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, or West Virginia to have an adverse economic impact on restaurants or bars in those states. (cdc.gov)
Reforms2
- But achieving that future will require the North to engage in domestic economic reforms. (koreatimes.co.kr)
- When China began its economic reforms in 1978, 82.1 percent of the population was rural. (koreatimes.co.kr)
Mathematical2
Sustainable economic1
- It has to be based on how we can achieve sustainable economic processes that give citizens and foreign investors - in joint ventures or by themselves - an even playing field of predictability, certainty and transparency in terms of tax incentives and subsidies. (tribune242.com)
Innovation2
- Networking, including innovation networks, and new business models are central. (iwkoeln.de)
- Business model converts innovation to economic value for the business. (1000ventures.com)
Economy4
- A great danger inherent in the simplification required to fit the entire economy into a model is omitting critical elements. (wikipedia.org)
- China has often encouraged North Korea to take the same steps it did toward liberalizing its economy, and there is no doubt that Xi Jinping, who visited North Korea last week, has continued to highlight the success of the Chinese model to Kim Jong-un. (koreatimes.co.kr)
- GENEVA - Prof. Jukka Petteri Taalas, Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organisation, said that the the UAE economy is less than 20% dependent on fossil fuels, making it the finest model in the Gulf region. (zawya.com)
- The purpose of this conference is to explore to what extent Swedish economic research provides insight and solutions on the ongoing developments in the area of European integration - specifically issues related to eco- nomic developments and economy-related policy areas. (lu.se)
Analysis6
- The author also found that the REMI model takes more social factors into consideration that then translate into monetary figures and analysis, while a standard input-output model only accounts for economic variables. (remi.com)
- Personal income and components data through 2015 from Bureau of Economic Analysis. (proximityone.com)
- There is no definitive method to pick the "best" model to be used for the analysis of any given problem. (cdc.gov)
- One aim of sensitivity analysis is to find out which variables in the model "drive" the results. (cdc.gov)
- This article investigates how well founded the contended Chinese economic threat to Africa is by both analyzing the data at a very fundamental level and applying time-series, cross-sectional analysis to economic and political data. (lu.se)
- The analysis considers different aspects of an economic interaction with China measured both as share of GDP and of country totals. (lu.se)
Results1
- Although both of the models produced satisfactory results and showed very nearly the same of goodness-of-fit in the sample, the logistic model presented better forecasting performance out of the sample therefore closer to the reality. (hindawi.com)
Calculations1
- This paper sets out to overcome these errors using color to link fundamental epidemiological calculations to decision tree models in a visually and intuitively appealing pictorial format. (mdpi.com)
Conclusions1
- It is said that if the social costs of externalities were included in the models their conclusions would be very different, and models are often accused of leaving out these terms because of economist's pro-free market bias. (wikipedia.org)
Utility Models2
- Direct utility models of consumer choice are reviewed and developed for understanding consumer preferences. (nowpublishers.com)
- Direct utility models differ from other choice models by directly modeling the consumer utility function used to derive the likelihood of the data through Kuhn-Tucker conditions. (nowpublishers.com)
Time4
- For example, the returns to solar power investments are sometimes modelled without a discount factor, so that the present utility of solar energy delivered in a century's time is precisely equal to gas-power station energy today. (wikipedia.org)
- As I prepare for the new academic year, now is a good time to revisit some of the economic models I'll be teaching my students. (bangor.ac.uk)
- The commercial goal of selling more GM Buicks and Chevrolets in China becomes a political and economic campaign to enhance the power and might of the city of Shanghai," says one long-time observer of the car industry in China. (channelnewsasia.com)
- Because of its size, Groupe SOS can also implement, in full transparency, financial solidarity schemes between its entities to compensate the economic difficulties they may encounter from time to time. (groupe-sos.org)
Estimate1
- We estimate the model via simulated minimum distance, matching both production and financial data. (aeaweb.org)
Circular4
- OSW08.19.16) model contains a circular reference. (nrel.gov)
- Circular Business Models: How circular are companies? (iwkoeln.de)
- Many industrial companies are at the beginning of circular business models: more than one third of the manufacturing sector has no circular strategy so far. (iwkoeln.de)
- Networking and new business models are more important in holistic circular strategies: Companies with three circular strategies tend to focus on new markets or business models and on networking in the value chain. (iwkoeln.de)
Avail1
- But to no avail, as evidenced by a painful economic slowdown. (reason.com)
Reserves1
- Reserves and gross revenues which would allow these deposits to be minable were modeled. (cdc.gov)
Developments2
- Choice Models in Marketing examines recent developments in the modeling of choice for marketing and reviews a large stream of research currently being developed by both quantitative and qualitative researches in marketing. (nowpublishers.com)
- By reviewing the basics of choice modeling and pointing to new developments, Choice Models in Marketing provides a platform for future research. (nowpublishers.com)
Https1
- W. Christian, J. Tobochnik, and H. Gould, Computer Program AGENT BASED ECONOMIC MODEL COMPARISON (2022), WWW Document, ( https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16170&DocID=5559 ). (compadre.org)
Data4
- Nelson said the modeling study was initiated in response to requests for data from clinicians at Primary Children's Hospital in Salt Lake City, which is the pediatric teaching hospital for the University of Utah School of Medicine. (genomeweb.com)
- Using quarterly data from 2000 through 2010, we estimated dynamic panel data models for employment and sales in restaurants and bars. (cdc.gov)
- For the county models, we combined data from all counties for which data were available, whether smoke-free or not, and compared the average effect of smoke-free laws in counties that contain smoke-free communities with counties that have no smoke-free communities. (cdc.gov)
- The ARIMA (11,1,11) model for the complete data set was finally selected among ARIMA models based upon the parameter test and the Box-Ljung test. (who.int)
Business models3
- The commercial publishing sector, as well as scholarly societies, university presses, and other non-profit publishers, are interested in understanding new business models. (cni.org)
- Production processes, but also product and service systems, must be adapted and there is the need for new and/or modified business models that meet these requirements. (iwkoeln.de)
- Today, business models have shorter shelf life. (1000ventures.com)
Examples1
- Pointing to the likes of Canada, Australia and New Zealand as examples of the latter category, he said their economic policies had focused on empowering their own entrepreneurs and providing support for those that sought to export or expand overseas. (tribune242.com)
Study2
- The course book its focused on the study of Free Software in relation with the private sector and related economic aspects. (e-booksdirectory.com)
- The present study was carried out in 16 prevalence and increased economic cost to of 18 family practice centres affiliated to society [2]. (who.int)
Insight1
- In the end, the Future of Reusable Consumption Models insight report is a statement of aspiration and hope - but one that is rooted in rigorous, market-informed methodologies. (weforum.org)
System2
- Run these two models and observe the wealth distribution as the system evolves. (compadre.org)
- Arguing that the country urgently needs "a new economic architecture", he argued that the current system "penalises" The Bahamas' own nationals in comparison to overseas developers who enjoy access to greater and more numerous tax breaks and other concessions. (tribune242.com)