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Alternatives to the use of animals in research, testing, and education. The alternatives may include reduction in the number of animals used, replacement of animals with a non-animal model or with animals of a species lower phylogenetically, or refinement of methods to minimize pain and distress of animals used.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with major depression present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.

Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS are useful as antidepressants apparently as a long-term consequence of their modulation of catecholamine levels. The tricyclic compounds useful as antidepressive agents (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC) also appear to act through brain catecholamine systems. A third group (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION) is a diverse group of drugs including some that act specifically on serotonergic systems.

Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterized by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation.

An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.

The unsuccessful attempt to kill oneself.

The act of killing oneself.

Efficacy of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in combination with cytokine gene therapy in an experimental metastatic breast cancer model. (1/9364)

Immunotherapy in combination with suicide gene therapy for breast cancer was tested using a metastatic animal model. Subcutaneous injection of the nonimmunogenic breast cancer cell line 4T1 in BALB/C mice gave rise to tumors in 100% of mice with both micrometastases and macrometastases in the lung. We used the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene along with the cytokine genes granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) to determine their effect on tumor regression and inhibition of lung metastasis. Adenoviral (AV) vectors carrying these transgenes, in separate constructs, were used in this study. Intratumoral administration of AV-TK followed by 10 days of ganciclovir treatment resulted in a delay in tumor growth and, in some cases, in a low to moderate reduction in tumor volume. Inclusion of either GM-CSF or IL-2 gene with HSV-TK resulted in a slightly greater reduction in tumor volume, although these data were not significantly different from those obtained for TK treatment alone. However, when both cytokine genes were combined with TK, a substantial reduction in tumor growth was observed compared with HSV-TK alone (P < .02). Tumor weight data also exhibited superior efficacy of TK/GM-CSF/IL-2 treatment when compared with animals treated with TK gene only (P < .01). More importantly, TK/GM-CSF/IL-2 combination gene therapy induced a significant reduction in lung metastasis compared with any other treatment groups in the 4T1 model (P < .001 between TK GM-CSF/IL-2 versus TK only). Surgical excision of primary tumors after TK/GM-CSF/IL-2 plus ganciclovir treatment resulted in anti-metastatic activity that was similar to that observed for animals in which no surgery was performed. Survival analysis showed a significant difference between animals treated with AV-TK/GM-CSF/IL-2 and animals treated with TK only at 35 days after virus injection (P < .01). Immunophenotypic data suggest infiltration of lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment in TK- and cytokine gene-treated animals. Thus, the overall data presented here demonstrate that TK gene therapy in combination with GM-CSF and IL-2 gene-mediated immunotherapy strategies have important implications in the treatment of breast cancer. (+info)

Primary cultured hepatocytes of the bony fish, Oreochromis mossambicus, the tilapia: a valid tool for physiological studies on IGF-I expression in liver. (2/9364)

In spite of the importance of IGF-I for growth and development, knowledge about regulation of its production in submammalian species is rather limited. In order to create a tool for investigation of direct regulatory effects on the expression of IGF-I in bony fish liver, a primary cell culture of hepatocytes from Oreochromis mossambicus, the tilapia, was established. The cells were viable for up to 3 days and IGF-I mRNA synthesis was detected by northern blot and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. Northern blot analysis of the primary cultured hepatocytes revealed four different IGF-I transcripts, 0.5, 1.9, 3.9 and 6.0 kb in size, which were identical to those in liver tissue. However, the expression rate was weaker than that in liver. The direct effects of recombinant tilapia (rt) growth hormone (GH) and salmon (s) IGF-I on the expression of IGF-I in primary cultured hepatocytes were investigated in time-course and dose-response experiments. In untreated cultures, IGF-I mRNA decreased with time. Hepatocytes treated with 100 nM rtGH resulted in a pronounced stimulation of IGF-I mRNA expression throughout the experiment. Treatment with rtGH in concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 1 microM caused a clear dose-dependent increase in the amount of IGF-I mRNA. Significant stimulation was obtained even with 0.1 nM, reaching a plateau with 10 nM. Neither significant inhibitory nor stimulatory effects were detected by adding sIGF-I from 0.1 nM to 1 microM to the hepataocytes. Our results indicate that the established primary cell culture of tilapia hepatocytes is a useful system in which to study direct effects of potential regulators of bony fish liver cell function. (+info)

Exclusive androgenic effect of dehydroepiandrosterone in sebaceous glands of rat skin. (3/9364)

In order to analyze the hormonal effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in skin sebaceous glands, the precursor steroid was administered to ovariectomized (OVX) female Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 30 mg applied on the dorsal skin, twice daily, for 3, 6 and 12 months. In a parallel experiment, female OVX rats were treated with DHEA at the same daily percutaneous dose of 30 mg, alone or in combination with the antiandrogen Flutamide or the pure antiestrogen EM-800, for 12 months, in order to determine the androgenic and/or estrogenic components of DHEA action. Treatment of female OVX rats with DHEA resulted in a similar mild to moderate hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands of both dorsal (site of application) and ventral skin, as illustrated by an increase in the number and size of the acini. The above-indicated effects were observed at all time intervals studied, beginning at 3 months of treatment, and they were not further increased after longer term administration of DHEA (for 6 and 12 months). The addition of Flutamide to DHEA treatment completely prevented the DHEA-induced changes in the sebaceous glands, whereas the antiestrogen EM-800 had no effect. The present data indicate an exclusive androgenic stimulatory action of DHEA on the sebaceous glands, thus pointing out the importance of local intracrine DHEA transformation into androgens for skin anatomical integrity and function, while showing that estrogens, if active in rat skin, do not originate from DHEA. (+info)

Electrophysiological and cardiohemodynamic effects of AH-1058, a new type calcium channel blocker, assessed by the in vivo canine model. (4/9364)

AH-1058 (4-(5H-dibenzo[a, d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)- 1-[(E)-3-(3-methoxy-2-nitro)phenyl-2-propenyl]piperidine hydrochloride) is a novel calcium channel blocker whose chemical structure is quite different from those of typical calcium channel blockers. In this study, electrophysiological and hemodynamic effects of AH-1058 were assessed in the halothane-anesthetized, closed-chest canine model. Intravenous administration of a canine antiarrhythmic dose of 100 microg/kg of AH-1058 (n = 6) did not affect the cardiovascular variables, except that the cardiac output was decreased at 30 min after the drug administration. Additional administration of 200 microg/kg of AH-1058 (n = 6) suppressed the sinus nodal automaticity, AV nodal conduction and ventricular contraction and decreased the mean blood pressure, cardiac output and double product. The effects gradually appeared, while no change was detected in the intraventricular conduction, ventricular repolarization period, ventricular effective refractory period, preload to the left ventricle and total peripheral vascular resistance during the observation period of 30 min. The cardiosuppressive effects of AH-1058 can be explained by its calcium channel blocking action demonstrated in a previous in vitro experiment, while the lack of the effect on the vascular resistance would suggest that AH-1058 may become a slow-acting cardioselective calcium channel blocker. (+info)

The effect of the prostaglandin I2 analogue OP-2507 on adrenaline-induced pulmonary edema in rabbits and analysis of hemodynamic changes. (5/9364)

This study was carried out to understand the onset mechanism of adrenaline (ADR)-induced pulmonary edema (PE) and the effect of drugs related to the arachidonate cascade in a rabbit model. ADR was administered intravenously by a bolus injection to the rabbits at 50, 75 and 100 microg/kg. To evaluate the severity of PE, the lung-water ratio (LWR) was calculated as a ratio of the difference between wet and dry lung weight to dry lung weight. The PE incidence and LWR exhibited a dose-dependent increase, and LWR correlated with the left atrial pressure (LAP). The involvement of the arachidonate cascade was evaluated by the co-administration of flurbiprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor; ozagrel, a thromboxane synthase inhibitor; and OP-2507 (15-cis-(4-n-propylcyclohexyl)-6,17,18, 19,20-pentanor-9-deoxy-6,9-alpha-nitriloprostaglandin F1 methyl ester), a prostaglandin I2 analogue. Co-treatment of the rabbits with ADR and flurbiprofen resulted in an increase in LAP and the incidence of PE, whereas co-administration of ozagrel did not exhibit any significant changes in the measured parameters. Conversely, OP-2507 reduced the LAP, PE incidence and LWR when co-administered with ADR. Rabbits co-treated with OP-2507 displayed an improved cardiac function. The results of these studies demonstrated the effectiveness of OP-2507 in protecting the lung and cardiac function from the ADR-induced PE. (+info)

Standardized ejection fraction as a parameter of overall ventricular pump function. (6/9364)

To evaluate the pump function of the ventricle, a parameter which (i) incorporates systolic and diastolic function and (ii) separates the heart from preload and afterload is needed. This study utilized ejection fraction (EF), calculated from the end-systolic (ES) and end-diastolic (ED) pressure-volume relationship (PVR) using an arbitrary set of loading conditions. Ten isolated canine hearts with a balloon placed inside the left ventricle were used to determine the ESPVR and EDPVR. An end-diastolic volume (EDV) at a pressure of 15 mmHg and an end-systolic volume (ESV) at 70 mmHg were obtained from the EDPVR and ESPVR, respectively. EF was calculated as (EDV-ESV)/EDV. With low-dose (8 microg/min) and high-dose (40 microg/min) dobutamine infusion, the EF increased from 0.25+/-0.16 to 0.33+/-0.13 and 0.57+/-0.08 (p<0.01), respectively, in conjunction with increases in end-systolic elastance from 3.11+/-0.83 to 3.48+/-1.08 and 5.38+/-1.91 mmHg/ml (p<0.01). It was thus concluded that because the estimation of EF separates the heart from preload and afterload, this method may facilitate comparing overall pump function of hearts beating under different loading conditions. (+info)

Carnosine as a potential anti-senescence drug. (7/9364)

The naturally occurring dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) has been found to exert an anti-senescence effect when used as a dietary supplement. Carnosine clearly improved the external appearance of experimental animals and provided beneficial physiological effects, thus maintaining the animals in better condition than control animals receiving no carnosine or a mixture of beta-alanine and L-histidine. (+info)

DNA vaccines. (8/9364)

DNA vaccination or genetic immunization is a rapidly developing technology that offers new approaches for the prevention and therapy of disease. Regarding the inoculation method of DNA vaccine, we recommend the gene gun delivery system, which is a highly reliable method compared to intramuscular inoculation. DNA vaccines could have potential advantages over other types of vaccines in that these vaccines can induce strong cellular immune responses, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and type 1 helper T cells, without resorting to live organisms or complicated protein formulation. The cellular immune responses are especially required for the protection against infections with intracellular pathogens such as viruses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and protection against cancers, suggesting that they seem to be suitable targets of DNA vaccines. We describe here that their application to bacterial infections requires optimization of codon usage in the DNA vaccines to the host animal to improve translational efficiencies of the bacteria genes. DNA vaccines for a variety of pathogens and cancers have now entered phase I/II human clinical trials. (+info)

Animal models of autism Animal models of schizophrenia Animal testing on invertebrates Animal testing on rodents Animal testing ... An animal model (short for animal disease model) is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the ... These test conditions are often termed as animal models of disease. The use of animal models allows researchers to investigate ... As in noted the introduction, animal models can be classified as homologous, isomorphic or predictive. Animal models can also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_disease_model

Animal testing Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Pit of despair, an apparatus used for animal models of clinical ... Therefore, animal models of depression often display altered anxiety-related behavior. An appropriate animal model of human ... model is probably the most valid animal model of depression. It aims to model a chronic depressive-like state that develops ... It is difficult to develop an animal model that perfectly reproduces the symptoms of depression in patients. Many animals lack ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_models_of_depression

Thus, for each stroke etiology one or more animal models have been developed: Animal models of ischemic stroke Animal models of ... Animal models of stroke are procedures undertaken in animals (including non-human primates) intending to provoke ... intracerebral hemorrhage Animal models of subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasospasm Animal models of sinus vein thrombosis ... Stroke models are carried out on animals which inevitably suffer during the procedure. These encumbrances are e.g. social ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_model_of_stroke

... genetic animal models, chemically induced models, and electrically induced models. New models are using light-gated ion ... Animal models of epilepsy have helped to advance the understanding of how normal brains develop epilepsy (a process known as ... Löscher, Wolfgang (31 May 2011). "Critical review of current animal models of seizures and epilepsy used in the discovery and ... Animal models of epilepsy and seizures can be divided into three basic categories: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_models_of_epilepsy

While no animal model can fully encompass all aspects of schizophrenia, progress has been made in using animals to model ... Animals used as models for schizophrenia include rats, mice, and primates. The modelling of schizophrenia in animals can range ... In order for an animal model to be useful in developing treatments, results from the animal model must translate into results ... These fit into four basic categories: pharmacological models, developmental models, lesion models, and genetic models. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_model_of_schizophrenia

Klauck, S. M.; Poustka, A. (2006). "Animal models of autism". Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models. 3 (4): 313-318. doi:10.1016 ... Bourgeron, T.; Jamain, S. P.; Granon, S. (2006). "Animal Models of Autism". Transgenic and Knockout Models of Neuropsychiatric ... researchers often focus only on single features of autism when using animal models. One of the more common rodent models is the ... "Finding an Animal Model for Language Development". Archived from the original on 2016-12-19. Retrieved 2013-12-10. Condro, M. C ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_model_of_autism

Parkinson's disease animal models are divided into two categories: neurotoxin models and genetic models. Neurotoxin models ... "Animal Model of Parkinson Disease: Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis in the 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Model", Experimental Animal ... Animal models of Parkinson's disease are essential in the research field and widely used to study Parkinson's disease. ... A limitation to the LRRK2 animal model is that although there is a loss in dopaminergic neurons, neurodegeneration is very low ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_models_of_Parkinson's_disease

"Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke: Balancing Experimental Aims and Animal Care" (PDF). Comp Med. 54 (5): 486-496. PMID 15575362 ... or artificial spheres into the carotid artery of animals as an animal model of ischemic stroke. Thrombembolic MCAO is achieved ... animal models of stroke ^ Beech, J. S., S. C. Williams, C. A. Campbell, P. M. Bath, A. A. Parsons, A. J. Hunter, D. K. Menon ( ... Animal models of ischemic stroke are procedures inducing cerebral ischemia. The aim is the study of basic processes or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_model_of_ischemic_stroke

Strains and Models". The Laboratory Rat (Handbook of Experimental Animals). Gillian R. Bullock (series ed.), Tracie bunton ( ... Prior to the Animal Welfare Act, animal welfare law was largely reactive and action could only be taken once an animal had ... Animal dealers are people who sell animals bred at their facility. Examples of dealers include pet and laboratory animal ... Animal Welfare Act and Animal Welfare Regulations from the United States Department of Agriculture Animal Welfare Act History ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Welfare_Act_of_1966

Of Mice, Models, and Men. State University of New York Press, 1984. "Animal sanctuary accused of abuse", Howard Witt, Chicago ... Animal law professor Gary Francione expressed the view that the bill was opposed by almost all institutional users of animals, ... List of animal rights groups "Who we are", Friends of Animals, accessed 26 July 2020. "Alice Herrington, 75, Founder Of Friends ... Friends of Animals (FoA) is a non-profit international animal advocacy organization, established in New York City in 1957, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friends_of_Animals

"Japanese guidelines and regulations for scientific and ethical animal experimentation" (PDF). In Vivo: Models of Inflammation. ... Animal-industrial complex Animal rights Cruelty to animals Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations " ... Animal use in RTT is strictly controlled under the Animal Welfare Act 1999 and organisations using animals must follow an ... The Animal Welfare Act is supplemented by the Animal Protection Laboratory Animal Regulations, 2013, and the European Directive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing_regulations

Animal testing Animal model BALB/c C57BL/6 Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey, five mice who orbited the Moon in 1972 Mouse models of ... Information about mouse models from HOPES: Huntington's Disease Outreach Project for Education at Stanford Animal Model of ... An article in The Scientist notes, "The difficulties associated with using animal models for human disease result from the ... Bart van der Worp, H (30 March 2010). "Can Animal Models of Disease Reliably Inform Human Studies?". PLOS Medicine. 2 (6048): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing_on_rodents

... animal disease modeling; animal health data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation; animal health surveillance design; ... An Emerging Animal Disease "may be defined as any terrestrial animal, aquatic animal, or zoonotic disease not yet known or ... or zoonotic potential to become a threat to terrestrial animals, aquatic animals, or humans." A foreign animal disease in the ... recovered and FMD-susceptible animals; appropriate disposal of animal carcasses and all animal products; surveillance and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_animal_disease

doi:10.1016/s0262-4079(07)61866-1. Mone, Gregory (April 2014). "New Models in Cosmetics Replacing Animal Testing". ... Since this type of animal testing is often harmful to the animal subjects, it is opposed by animal rights activists and others ... Humane Society International: This is a global animal protection organization that works to help all animals-including animals ... Animal testing on invertebrates Animal testing on non-human primates Animal testing on rodents Cosmetics Veterinary ethics ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testing_cosmetics_on_animals

Some studies have looked into depression in animals, with Paul Willner finding that there are eighteen animal models of ... One of the questions that can be asked aside from do animals grieve is how long do they grieve for or if these animals show ... Though grief in animals may seem questionable, evidence shows it is abundant. From chimpanzees to otters to sea lions, animals ... Willner, Paul (April 1984). "The validity of animal models of depression". Psychopharmacology. 83 (1): 1-16. doi:10.1007/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_grief

cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) Mogil, Jeffrey S. (April 2009). "Animal models of pain: progress and ... Animals portal Animal consciousness Anthrozoology (human-animal studies) Biocommunication Biosemiotics Body language Dear enemy ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Animal communication. Animal Communicator - Documentary Zoosemiotics: animal ... Animal communication is the transfer of information from one or a group of animals (sender or senders) to one or more other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_communication

... have already been modeled independently in animals. These animal models allow scientists to study the neuroscience behind these ... April 2009). "Animal Models of Suicide Trait-Related Behaviors". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 30 (4): 165-173. doi: ... While demonstrating animal suicide itself in a lab is believed to be possible by some, the ethics of driving an animal to kill ... Animal suicide is when an animal intentionally ends its own life through its actions. It implies a wide range of higher ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_suicide

Neff, Ellen P. (February 2021). "More monkey models for studying COVID-19". Lab Animal. 50 (2): 44. doi:10.1038/s41684-021- ... "Animal reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2: calculable COVID-19 risk for older adults from animal to human transmission". GeroScience. 43 ... Most types of animals that can get the virus have not been proven to be able to spread it back to humans. COVID-19 pandemic and ... Various animals have been proven to be able to become infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The Centers for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_animals_that_can_get_SARS-CoV-2

Raviola, E.; Wiesel, T. N. (1985). "An Animal Model of Myopia". New England Journal of Medicine. 312 (25): 1609-1615. doi: ... Some animals suffer from shortsightedness and have poor eyesight. In domestic animals, myopia, with or without astigmatism, ... deciphered from several animal-inducing myopia models. Preliminary laboratory investigations using retinoscopy of 240 dogs ... One animal species in which myopia occurs naturally is the domestic dog. Although the prevalence of myopia in dogs is breed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopia_in_animals

The modeling of human language in animals is known as animal language research. In addition to the ape-language experiments ... Animal cognition, Animal intelligence, Animal rights, Animal welfare, Human-animal communication, Zoology). ... Animal cognition encompasses the mental capacities of non-human animals including insect cognition. The study of animal ... Wikiquote has quotations related to Animal cognition. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Animal cognition. Allen C. "Animal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_cognition

He is Howie's role model. Radiation Rooster is the Radioactive Microwave Sales Rooster. His limbs fall off and he is very dumb ... "Almost Naked Animals". DVD Warehouse. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2016-09-18. "Almost Naked Animals TV ... Canada portal Animation portal Television portal Official website Almost Naked Animals at IMDb Almost Naked Animals at the Big ... Almost Naked Animals' Frolick on CiTV". Animation Magazine. Retrieved 2016-09-18. Almost Naked Animals (Animation, Comedy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almost_Naked_Animals

Orians predicted that animals exhibiting resource defence polygyny, such as the fish Neolamprologus pulcher would fit to this ... The model shows how females may gain a higher level of biological fitness by mating with a male who already has a mate. The ... The polygyny threshold model is an explanation of polygyny, the mating of one male of a species with more than one female. ... The graphical depiction of the model presented in Gordon Orians' 1969 paper is often used to explain the concept. The graph ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygyny_threshold_model

... animal tamer; market woman, town crier, barker; performing artist (vaudeville, acrobat, circus performer), orator; model; ... Sadistic jobs type are truck driver, farm servant, animal tamer, veterinary, manicure, pedicure, animal slaughter, surgical ... In contrast to Freud's work, Szondi's approach is based on a systematic drive theory and a dimensional model of personality. ... The work objects of the sadistic professions are animals, stone, iron, metal, machinery, soil, wood; the work circumstances are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szondi_test

Simmons, L.W. (1991). "On the post-copulatory guarding behaviour of male field crickets". Animal Behaviour. 42 (3): 504-505. ... Ecological Modelling. 65 (3-4): 265-280. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(93)90083-5. Tinghitella, Robin M.; Zuk, Marlene (2009). " ... Animal Behaviour. 76 (3): 1065-1071. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.02.018. Simmons, L. W.; Thomas, M. L.; Simmons, F. W.; Zuk, M ... Animal Behaviour. 72 (4): 809-818. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.01.019. Thomas, M. L.; Simmons, L. W. (2011). "Crickets detect ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleogryllus_oceanicus

MC Damiro List of glamour models Odabašić, J. (30 April 2012). "Stanija i Aleksandra iscenirale tuču". Blic.rs (in Serbian). ... "Stanija Dobrojević gola za Playboy". Big Animal. Retrieved July 22, 2018. Radojković, M. (3 June 2011). "Stanija Dobrojević: ... Stanija Dobrojević (Serbian Cyrillic: Станија Добројевић; born 17 March 1985) is a Croatian-born Serbian glamour model, reality ... "MAXIM Serbia: November 2011". Fashion Model Directory. Retrieved July 22, 2018. "Stanija Dobrojevic: Serbian Sensation". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanija_Dobrojević

... help to explain the variance in foraging behaviour in animals. This model allows powerful ... Risk sensitive foraging is based on experimental evidence that the net energy budget level of an animal is predictive of type ... Risk sensitive foraging has also been found in other animal species. Laboratory rats have also been found to display risk ... When the hummingbirds are given three different choices of food supply, risk sensitivity foraging model was not entirely ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk-sensitive_foraging_models

These models are most often applied to sexually selected signalling in diploid animals, but they rarely incorporate a fact ... Given that animals cannot synthesize carotenoids de novo, these must be obtained from food. The hypothesis states that animals ... Other models incorporate both costly signalling and Fisherian runaway. These models show that if fitness depends on both ... The game theoretical model of the war of attrition similarly suggests that threat displays ought not to convey any reliable ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalling_theory

Christie, Kevin W.; Eberl, Daniel F. (October 2014). "Noise-induced hearing loss: new animal models". Current Opinion in ... Coppola, Antonietta; Moshé, Solomon L. (2012). "Animal models". Epilepsy. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 107. pp. 63-98. ... It is encoded by the TMEM211 gene and is found in almost all animals. Human TMEM211 RNA is expressed in relatively low levels, ... Fibrinogen alpha is understood to be a rapidly evolving protein, while cytochrome C is a model of a slowly evolving protein. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMEM211

Although commonly used in the context of food or shelter, the resource competition model can be applied to other limited ... Animal Behaviour. 62 (5): 905-915. doi:10.1006/anbe.2001.1835. S2CID 53204079. Hestermann, M.; Ziegler, T.; van Schaik, C. P.; ... Harcourt, A.H.; Greenberg, J. (November 2001). "Do gorilla females join males to avoid infanticide? A quantitative model". ... Most callitrichids have restrictive breeding patterns, which would be compatible with the model, but this infanticide behavior ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanticide_in_primates

All models are simplified abstractions of the real-life situation. There exists a basic tradeoff between model precision and ... Jeanson, R (2012). "Long-term dynamics in proximity networks in ants". Animal Behaviour. 83 (4): 915-923. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav ... Stephen P. Ellner & John Guckenheimer (2006). "Building dynamic models". Dynamic Models in Biology. Princeton University Press ... such models should generally be kept simple. Therefore, we generally should not expect models for social insect task allocation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_allocation_and_partitioning_in_social_insects

Mandy Rice-Davies, 70, British model, figure in the Profumo affair, cancer. Harold M. Schulweis, 89, American rabbi and ... Elvina Podchernikova-Elvorti, 86, Russian circus artist and animal trainer. Přemek Podlaha, 76, Czech television personality. ... Bess Myerson, 90, American model (Miss America 1945) and television actress. Anthony Edward Pevec, 89, American Roman Catholic ... Bobo Faulkner, 73, English model and television personality, cancer. Millie Kirkham, 91, American singer. Louis Alphonse ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_December_2014

Animal figures and symbols abound but images of people did not appear unless they were important or had some magical ... The attempt to bring the European model to Chile by replicating its techniques has been seen as a failure in terms of the ... The historian Uriqueta viewed Haymhausen as a model for future generations of painters because, in addition his own talent as ... These authors based their criticism on Ciccarelli's attempt to copy the European model of teaching. In Europe, teachers were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_art

Mann advocated animal rights and was supportive of the Humanitarian League. On the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July ... He advocated the co-operative model of economic organisation, but resisted alliance between the ILP and other socialist ... 1998). Animal Rights: Political and Social Change in Britain Since 1800. Reaktion Books. p. 136. ISBN 1-86189-014-1 Garner, ... Robert (2005). The Political Theory of Animal Rights. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 103. ISBN 0-7190-6710-3. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Mann

In the 1990s, his work became increasingly fantastical, employing intricate modeling and glazing in anthropomorphic sculptures ... animal, and foliage sources … There is a blend of humor with deformity [that] combines anthropomorphic form with a moralizing ... salt-fired porcelain pieces in the modeled, figure tradition that depicted amorphous, polyp-like figures writhing in sexual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Zimmerman

His work has been criticised for attempting to learn lessons from studying animal rather than human behaviour. He was the guest ... Challenging traditional models of creative thinking, leadership, problem solving and team building, Rickards' research has been ... and profiling management and leadership styles using animal behaviour. ... of networks enabling European creativity practitioners to work together and explore alternatives to the dominant US models. He ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tudor_Rickards

Deficiency of the enzyme can be studied in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The rad-6 strain has a premature stop ... Jones ME (1980). "Pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in animals: genes, enzymes, and regulation of UMP biosynthesis". Annual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uridine_monophosphate_synthase

The original editor was Albert Barnes, who according to The Legend of Desperate Dan (1997) was the model for Dan's famous chin ... ", "Animals Eat The Funniest Things", "Star T.Rex" and "Brian Damage". Song parodies and fake recipes also appeared in The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dandy

He modeled his development of his estate on that of Trentham in England, where he had been a supervisor of the estate. This ... gravelled and lightly fenced to provide clear walking paths while protecting the forest and discouraging people and animals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barton's_Bush

Those, like Walther or Röhm, who are gunmakers who manufacture notorious models chambered in 9mm P.A. A second group includes ... and intended to be used for self-defense against dangerous animals. BROWN. "Pepper" cartridges are loaded with 20mg. RED. " ... Due to obvious copyright reasons, these models are more or less resembling to the original and they use an alternative name. ... For these reasons they are cheaper than licensed models. The last group comprises makers like KSAP who design and produce ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9mm_P.A.K.

Studies with human pharmacology and genetics, genetically manipulated rodents, and other animal models and randomized trials ... Lornoxicam not only normalized the expression of cyclooxygenases in both models of PVR, but also neutralized the changes of the ... in the dispase model of PVR and by 31% in the concanavalin one. ...

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Records from temples showcase that divination in the form of astrology and extispicy (studying the entrails of dead animals) ... modelled after Enlil. Assyrian religion was centered in temples, monumental structures that included a central shrine which ... figures of animals and stone statues of naked women. The artwork known from the Old Assyrian period, other than a few objects ... various animals, and mythological creatures. Several other new artistic innovations were also made in the Middle Assyrian ...

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New York City Model, designed and executed for Festival of 'I\\To Worlds, Spoleto, Italy Sculpture, designed for Electra Film ... "Animal Sculpture", New Britain Museum of American Art, New Britain, Connecticut; "From Vermont: Past to Present", Gallery 641, ... New York City Model for Fountain for the Plaza at Windsor, Vermont Bronze Sculpture, commissioned by Intramural, Inc. for ...

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Such approaches are: Animal geographies Behavioral geography Cognitive geography Critical geography Feminist geography Marxist ... spatial modeling, and positivist approaches are still important to many branches of human geography. Well-known geographers ... Subfields include: Social geography, Animal geographies, Language geography, Sexuality and space, Children's geographies, and ... geographers in the mid-20th century began to apply statistical and mathematical models in order to solve spatial problems. Much ...

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The Junto was modeled after English coffeehouses that Franklin knew well and which had become the center of the spread of ... In 1784, when Franz Mesmer began to publicize his theory of "animal magnetism" which was considered offensive by many, Louis ... From the first, he had a way of adapting his models to his own uses. The series of essays called "The Busy-Body", which he ... They decided the new-model college would focus on the professions, with classes taught in English instead of Latin, have ...

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Many animals and birds have returned to the area as the restoration proceeds, and over 200 species of birds have been sighted. ... "Hueco Bolson groundwater model" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2022. ... "Complete animal List". El Paso Zoo. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008. Retrieved May 1, 2009. "ON BHUTANESE AND ... In May 2021 a major developer announced plans for a Master Planned Community in the Northeast modeled after Scarborough's ...

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At one point, a model of the futuristic park was pushed together against a model of a World's Fair international theme, and the ... and Disney's Animal Kingdom. Adams Media. p. 143. ISBN 9781440587818. Retrieved May 11, 2020. "Official Grand Opening ... The model community of Celebration, Florida has been mentioned as a realization of Disney's original vision, but Celebration is ... and a model of the last was shown on the opening day telecast, but never took off. Instead, a small African themed refreshment ...

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Organ Symphony is the creator of the female cyborgs, in which Drum is modeled after her. They can pilot the 3rd guardian knight ... Powers include age reverting bubbles, levitation, a dimensional portal for magic in its body to pull out animals and bombs, a ...

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"Chang Kang-myoung, "I'm like Gong Ji-young… My role model is George Orwell," Hankook Ilbo, May 4, 2017. "Could I Do It Like ... The Animal Inside Them: Lumière People by Chang Kang-myoung (English) When Twentysomethings Begin Storytelling: Korean ...

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"Synthesizing data and models for the spread of MERS-CoV, 2013: Key role of index cases and hospital transmission". Epidemics. 9 ... "Evaluation of animal-to-human and human-to-human transmission of influenza A (H7N9) virus in China, 2013-15". Scientific ...

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SR15 also has modelling that shows that, for global warming to be limited to 1.5 °C, "Global net human-caused emissions of ... such as diet changes away from land-intensive animal products; electrifying transport and developing 'green infrastructure', ... Australia is not on track to meet the commitments under Paris agreement according to modelling conducted by ClimateWorks ... regardless of the modelling pathway chosen. Most fall within 25-30 GtCO2eq per year, a 40-50% reduction from 2010 levels. The ...

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The other animals discovered at this member include: the toxodontids Trigodon and Charruatoxodon, the peccary Platygonus, the ... Bossi, J.; Ortiz, A.; Perea, D. (2009). "Pliocene to middle Pleistocene in Uruguay: A model of climate evolution". Quaternary ... As a rodent, the teeth grew continuously throughout the animal's life, there is a gap (diastema, and a rather long one) between ... They reported 799-1,199 N (180-270 lbf) with a mean of 959 N (216 lbf), which is not entirely unrealistic given the animal's ...

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Often modeled upon violent FPS games, non-violent FPSes such as Chex Quest or the newer Sherlock Holmes games,[specify] may ... the player wanders about converting the denizens of his town to Christianity while fending off the attacks of wild animals with ... modeled after the biblical Jezebel) that shoot rays out of their nose, or alien Nazis (a mocking reference to Raëlian religious ... The time has come to retire the General Aggression Model" (PDF). Aggression and Violent Behavior. 17 (3): 220-228. doi:10.1016/ ...

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... "certain animal magnetism". In the comedy Mister Scoutmaster (1953), he traded barbs with Clifton Webb, and he had a small role ... in the musical comedy Artists and Models (1955), with Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis, Dorothy Malone and newcomer Shirley MacLaine in ...

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Cotylhoriza tuberculata may become a model organism for the treatment of those human ailments. "Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri ... Animals described in 1778). ...

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One study re-examined the Haber-Menaldo analysis, using Haber and Menaldo's own data and statistical models. It reports that ... Ecological studies have hypothesised that competitive forces between animals are major in high carrying capacity zones (i.e. ... This abundance or excess of resources, causes animal populations to have R reproduction strategies (many offspring, short ... he found animals tend to cooperate in order to survive. Extreme competition is observed in the Amazonian forest where life ...

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... and also that the set Four Legs is a subset of the set of Animals. The Venn diagram, which uses the same categories of Animal, ... one can use model-theoretic semantics to interpret Euler diagrams, within a universe of discourse. In the examples below, the ... Henri Milne -Edwards's (1844) diagram of relationships of vertebrate animals, illustrated as a series of nested sets. Rainbow ... Euler diagram depicts that the sets Animal and Mineral are disjoint since the corresponding curves are disjoint, ...

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In animal models, iprazochrome was shown not to decrease the spreading depression velocity, which is a feature of other ...

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After being rejected by six modeling agency the young Banks was signed by Elite Model Management, and in her first season as a ... constructed from the material of a sack of animal feed, these frocks were typically cut similarly to shift dresses. This A-line ... Singer, actress, and model Grace Jones was a key figure in furthering this type of fashion-keeping her hair short and wearing ... Other famous models of color during the time include Naomi Campbell and Iman. Undoubtedly, oversized fashion marked the ...

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Juan Atkins of Model 500 is convinced there is little to be gained from the motor-city legacy... "Say what you like about our ... "Animal" Diaz. "Clear" climbed the charts in Dallas, Houston, and Miami, and spent nine weeks on the Billboard Top Black Singles ... The same year saw an important turning point for the Detroit scene with the release of Model 500's "No UFO's," a seminal work ... Oldham answers "The release of Model 500 No UFO's" when asked "what do you consider to be the most important turning points in ...

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... but her main passion was sculpting animals. She said of it, "I chose to model animals because of their infinite variety of form ... She was known for her medallion work and sculptures of small animals. She studied at Art Students League in 1918 with Gutzon ... She was an accomplished medalist and modeled for portraits, ...

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Animal models are crucial for advancing our knowledge about the molecular pathways involved in human diseases. However, it ... Human pathways in animal models: possibilities and limitations Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Feb 26;49(4):1859-1871. doi: 10.1093/nar ... Animal models are crucial for advancing our knowledge about the molecular pathways involved in human diseases. However, it ... Within these limitations, we explore the possibilities that arise from publicly available data for the animal models mouse, rat ...

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Animal Models in Acute Care Research. Prof Eddie Clutton is Academic Head of Veterinary Anaesthesia at the Royal (Dick) School ... multidisciplinary medical research teams are able to use large animal models to test a range of potential therapies before ... This facility provides an environment where - after Animal Welfare and Ethical Review Board and Home Office approval - ... where he is also Director of the Wellcome Trust Critical Care Laboratory for Large Animals. ...

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Comparative veterinary geroscience: mechanism of molecular, cellular, and tissue aging in humans, laboratory animal models, and ... DNA vaccines targeting amyloid-β oligomer ameliorate cognitive deficits of aged APP/PS1/tau triple-transgenic mouse models of ... Allotopic Expression of ATP6 in Mouse as a Transgenic Model of Mitochondrial Disease June 4, 2021 ... Brain cellular senescence in mouse models of Alzheimers disease March 7, 2022 ...

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Sleep disorders and how animals are helping. Jan 21, 2014 , animal research, animals helping animals, animals helping humans, ... Jun 28, 2017 , animal model, animal research, animals helping humans, Brain, Heroin, Heroin addiction, Medical Research, ... How Animal Research Saved Baby Lincolns Life. Mar 10, 2016 , Conditions. Seven-month-old Lincoln Seay was in bad shape. ... Obamas Cancer Initiative and Animal Research. Feb 3, 2016 , Conditions. During his recent 2016 State of the Union Address, ...

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Through the development of artificial models, the number of animal experiments and the number of animals used in university and ... How can methods and tools be developed to ensure that the number of animal experiments and the number of animals used in ... the project will provide detailed insights into animal cancer models in order to subsequently reconstitute them in vitro. ... These models are mainly used in personalized cancer therapy to investigate tumour development and medication effects. In the ...

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We animals too have this instinct and deep love for all beings. Animals will go to great lengths to save a human or animal ... Animal World: Our Co-inhabitants. Models of Love - Brave Animal Rescuers. 2018-12-29 ... This show highlights examples of noble actions by animals to protect or save another being facing a dire situation. ... The Animals You Eat: A Film by Jodi Ruckley Part 2. 1769 Views ... Stop Animal Cruelty: An End to Murdering Whales Part 2. 2125 ...

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Explore 3D Animals Models. Find various Assets for Game Development and speed up your work process. Resources are ready to use ... Animals 0 results Explore 3D Animals Models. Find various Assets for Game Development and speed up your work process. Resources ... 3D modelsCharacterAnimalsHumansCreaturesSci-FiMechMonstersInsects. Show more ...

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Is it easier to make a model of an animal cell or a plant cell? ... Q&A for How to Build 3D Models of Animal and Plant Cells. ... Just as long as the structure is correct, you can be as creative with color as you want! You can construct a rainbow model if ... You could use a piece of fruit, such as an orange or melon, so long as your model is for a short-term project. ... Computers and ElectronicsHealthPets and AnimalsTravel Education & CommunicationHobbies and CraftsPhilosophy and ReligionWork ...

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The Taconic Emerging Models program offers access to developing models sponsored by various Principal Investigators. ... Emerging Animal Models for Research. Find Developing Animal Models. The Taconic Emerging Models Program offers access to ... Cancer Models. Model Name. Nomenclature. Model Number. Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer Model. FVB.Cg-Cdh1tm1Jjon Trp53tm1Brn Tg( ... Animal models enrolled in the Taconic Emerging Models Program are listed below by sponsor, gene of interest, and Taconic model ...

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Mechanisms behind bacterial impact on animal models DOI link for Mechanisms behind bacterial impact on animal models ... This is, of course, also vital in laboratory animal medicine, as only healthy animals should be used for experiments. However, ... BookHandbook of Laboratory Animal Bacteriology. Click here to navigate to parent product. ...

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This study was devised to produce an animal model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in order to study both the induction and the ... Animals with circulating, complement-fixing antibodies, and inflamed lungs (BCG-induced failed to undergo a complement ... In addition, we have shown that animals with normal lung histology and circulating complement-fixing antibodies undergo serum ... these findings in animals suggest that some event may occur to induce cell mediated hypersensitivity in order to initiate the ...

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What if animals really were models? How would they pose? How would they look? We tried to get answers to these questions and ... started searching all over the internet for our priceless collection of animal models. ... 35 Truly Dramatic Examples of Animal Photography. 50 Superb Examples of Animal Photography. Animals Gone Wild (Photography) ... What if animals really were models? How would they pose? How would they look? We tried to get answers to these questions and ...

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Through this technology, when initiating a study on animal models, Massoumi said, "developers can identify which models are ... Related tags: Animal testing, Animal research, Imaging, In vivo In Vivo Research Services has developed a 3D visualization ... Real-time imaging platform tracks labeled cells in animal models. By Vassia Barba ... provides validation services to researchers working with animal models at the preclinical stage. ...

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... Personalised Printable Document (PDF). Please complete this form ... "Because there are only a few models of inflammatory breast cancer, its important to develop more models of this disease, and ... researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have developed a new cell and animal model that holds promise for providing a detailed ... "So its important to have a specific model that we can use to test different drugs and see which ones work for this kind of ...

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Each of these animal models has been described briefly in this review, along with the basic strengths and weaknesses of each ... Experimental animal models have been developed in numerous species using a variety of methods and agents to induce ... hydrocephalus has been elucidated by pathological studies of human brains and through experimental and genetic animal models. ... Although none of these models can fully mimic the human condition, they each provide fundamental knowledge contributing to ...

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This protocol was developed in Landrace pigs and can be adapted to other pig breeds or other large animal species. This ... provide tips for perioperative and postoperative management of the animals and guide the reader through different experimental ... right heart and left heart catheterization and the development of a myocardial infarction model by balloon occlusion. ... induction of atrial fibrillation and development of a myocardial infarction model. ...

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... Scientists at the University of Louisville (UL) in Kentucky have shown ... IBD by increasing proteins that tighten epithelial cell junctions in the gut and reducing gut inflammation in animal models. ...

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Orthotopic mouse models. Orthotopic tumour models are considered more clinically relevant and better predictive models of drug ... CAM models. The chicken Chorio-Allantoic Membrane (CAM) model, the chick embryo is surrounded by the chorioallantoic membrane ( ... The use of this alternative animal model fits in the "3Rs policy". ... PDX mouse models. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are prepared by direct engraftment of patient-derived tumour fragments or ...

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It is necessary to establish an animal model of DILI for thorough investigation of mechanisms of DILI and searching for ... Therefore, information from this article can help researchers make a suitable selection of animal models for further study. ... This article reviews the current status and future perspective on establishment of DILI models based on different hepatotoxic ... Animal models contribute to researches on mechanisms and protective drugs. Various drugs are able to generate animal models of ...

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The core was designed to provide models of digestive disease that are more pathophysiologically similar to humans. (unc.edu)
Over the past years, the use of large animals has become increasingly interesting in translational research, to bridge the gap between basic research in rodents and targeted therapies in humans. (nature.com)
However, due to excessive use of APAP, severe liver damage can be induced in both experimental animals and humans [ 8 ], which accounts for approximately half of the cases of DILI in the United States [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Wills said the company uses computer models to study liver disease and produce massive amounts of human data to decipher the complex links in biological processes that may lead to more effective therapeutic targets for humans. (wfla.com)
Additionally, as humans live longer, our chances of developing multiple chronic diseases increase, adding to the biological complexity that animal models do not account for. (wfla.com)
Model organisms are non-human species that are manipulated and experimented on with the objective of improving our understanding of biology, particularly in relation to humans. (wustl.edu)
Due to the extensive research on certain species and their generalizability to humans, large research communities have been built up surrounding model organisms for scientists to share their research and knowledge while also benefiting from the literature. (wustl.edu)
Models are useful because they allow different treatments-that would otherwise be unethical to test in humans, but could have transformative impacts on human health-to be experimented first on mice that share many physiological processes and biological similarities with humans. (wustl.edu)
As EMBL-EBI's associate director Ewan Birney highlighted in a recent article for the MRC Insight blog , by studying the biology of a wide variety of model organisms - including humans and zebrafish among many others - the more than one thousand scientists working on the Genome Campus a gaining critical insights into biology that are advancing 21st century medical science. (speakingofresearch.com)
You might be wondering why scientists are using fish instead of animals more closely related to humans for their studies. (speakingofresearch.com)
Most chapters are devoted to a specific biological agent or toxin and supply interesting historical information as well as descriptions about the pathogenesis in humans and in animal models. (cdc.gov)
Frank Conlon, PhD, co-led a study showing which proteins and pathways are conserved in four major animal models and humans, providing insights into which models are best for specific research of human disease. (unchealthcare.org)
More importantly, they allow researchers to understand which animal models can be used to study heart disease and ultimately test treatments for cardiac disease seen in humans. (unchealthcare.org)
The Influenza Risk Assessment Tool (IRAT) is an evaluation tool developed by CDC and external influenza experts that assesses the potential pandemic risk posed by influenza A viruses that currently circulate in animals but not in humans. (cdc.gov)
13. Comparative mental time travel: Is there a cognitive divide between humans and animals in episodic memory and planning? (oup.com)

Up until now it has been customary in cancer research to implant human tumour cells in mice in what are known as mouse xenograft models. (unifr.ch)
Researchers have found additional evidence that Parkinson disease initiates among cells in the gut and then travels through the body's vagus nerve to the brain, according to a recently published study conducted in mice models. (ajmc.com)
In a new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the research team found that after giving mice metformin the animals displayed reduced symptoms when going through nicotine withdrawal. (newswise.com)
A single intraperitoneal injection of 300 to 500 mg/kg APAP into mice can produce the DILI model [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is recommended that mice of the same age should be used in studies related to APAP-induced liver injury and that strict standardized operation protocols (SOPs) in animal experimentation should be established [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
When most people think of animal research, they imagine mice, rats or maybe fruit flies. (speakingofresearch.com)
In this paper, the development of small animal models such as mice for dengue virus infections is reviewed. (who.int)
A total of 636 publications were identified describing genetic animal models for CF in mice, pigs, ferrets, rats and zebrafish. (ru.nl)
Sensitization of mice with ovalbumin induces inflamed skin lesions resembling human atopic dermatitis and thus has been used as an in-vivo model for identifying potential anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating drugs. (neurofit.com)

In the second part of the project, the researchers will use the collected data to develop in vitro 3D cell culture models that correspond as closely as possible to xenograft models in terms of their molecular structure and biophysical properties. (unifr.ch)
Because the researchers are dealing with ethical and social aspects of the use of animals in science in an innovative way, the National Research Programme « Advancing 3R - Animals, Research and Society» (NRP 79) has awarded the project funding of around 716,000 Swiss francs. (unifr.ch)
Based in the Medicon Village near Malmö, Sweden, the contract research organisation (CRO) In Vivo Research Services (IVRS) provides validation services to researchers working with animal models at the preclinical stage. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
Ramin Massoumi, the company's CEO, explained to us that the process is 'very simple,' with researchers only needing to administer labeled cells into the living model, using a labeling substance. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
Once administered, researchers are able to track the labeled cells with 3D visualization showing the exact location of the substance inside the model, with the imaging only requiring 30 seconds to complete. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
In an effort to better understand the biology of IBC, researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have developed a new cell and animal model that holds promise for providing a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease and for developing effective interventions. (medindia.net)
The researchers developed a unique model that recapitulates the aggressive metastasis and cancer stem cell activity associated with poor outcomes in patients with IBC. (medindia.net)
This protocol requires approximately six and a half working hours in total and should be performed by researchers with previous experience in large animal experimentation and in the presence of a veterinarian. (nature.com)
The researchers at UL have determined that UA and its synthetic counterpart, UAS03, mitigate IBD by increasing proteins that tighten epithelial cell junctions in the gut and reducing gut inflammation in animal models. (todaysdietitian.com)
Therefore, information from this article can help researchers make a suitable selection of animal models for further study. (hindawi.com)
Here, in this review, we will summarize and compare the characteristics and applications of different animal models of DILI based on hepatotoxic drugs, as well as the underlying mechanisms of liver function damage, to help researchers make a suitable selection of animal models for further study. (hindawi.com)
And when researchers step outside the traditional model organism box, they often seek new approaches and ask new questions. (nsf.gov)
In the Nature Medicine report, researchers examined the effect of targeting a4b7 in a model where female rhesus macaques were repeatedly challenged once per week with HIV's cousin SIV intravaginally. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The researchers also observed a decrease in the level of virus in gut tissues and the presence of residual virus in cervical tissues in alpha-4-beta-7-antibody-treated animals. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
In this study, researchers found that wound healing in a mouse model created an "embryonic window" of opportunity. (biologynews.net)
This list is obviously not going to be comprehensive, because many advantages are field-specific and quite technical, but it should give you an idea why researchers might want to choose fish over other animals. (speakingofresearch.com)
This reference will equip researchers with pertinent information regarding current animal models, so that future work will not repeat experiments already performed, while at the same time minimizing the number of animals projected for future biodefense studies. (cdc.gov)
Altogether, our study provides a resource for cardiac proteomes in four major model systems, uncovering conserved and divergent protein pathways and providing insight into selection of appropriate model systems for either modeling cardiac development or investigating disease," the researchers said. (unchealthcare.org)
In a second experiment using rodents, the researchers detected gene expression with significantly lower restenosis in the carotid arteries of animals with the experimental stents, compared to control animals with conventional, polymer-coated stents. (genemedicine.net)
Researchers at the University of Guelph Ontario Veterinary College and the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture set out to develop a methodology to model the farmed swine population in Ontario, Canada, that could represent the existing population structure and improve the efficacy of simulation models. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
The MX-20 cabinet X-ray is a high throughput planar X-ray system that allows researchers to monitor animals quickly and affordably. (mdanderson.org)

The advent of model organisms where genetic manipulations became standard procedures revolutionized biomedical research. (fchampalimaud.org)
One reason for studying human tissue directly instead of animal tissue is the discrepancy in the lifespan between the different model organisms. (wfla.com)
Model organisms are vital for biological research," says Robert Miller, a deputy division director in the National Science Foundation's (NSF) Biological Sciences Directorate. (nsf.gov)
All model organisms share a few common traits: they're inexpensive, easy to care for, grow quickly and are relatively simple creatures. (nsf.gov)
Although tools exist to predict miRNA precursors and targets, the majority of these are geared for use only with model organisms. (genomeweb.com)
In the current scientific and technological landscape, however, it is worth analyzing the relevancy and usefulness of model organisms. (wustl.edu)
Model organisms are almost universally accepted in research, yet there are voices in the scientific community that challenge the unquestioning acceptance of model organisms as test animals. (wustl.edu)
This by no means eliminates the usefulness of model organisms, however, it does draw attention to the issue of why certain organisms are preferred over others. (wustl.edu)
However, other models are increasingly being used in addition to the more traditional organisms. (speakingofresearch.com)
The zebrafish genome has been fully sequenced , which is a must-have for model organisms nowadays. (speakingofresearch.com)

Transneuronal propagation of pathologic α-synuclein from the gut to the brain models Parkinson's disease [published online June 26, 2019]. (ajmc.com)
Let's start 2019 with looking at the most popular blog posts on animal behavior research from last year. (noldus.com)

Rats chronically implanted with multi-electrode arrays into PFC and AMY were submitted to triadic learned helplessness model. (usp.br)
Methods: We evaluated anti-ulcer potential of plant extract in ethanol-induced ulcer model in rats. (researchgate.net)

This facility provides an environment where - after Animal Welfare and Ethical Review Board and Home Office approval - multidisciplinary medical research teams are able to use large animal models to test a range of potential therapies before final translation into human patients. (ed.ac.uk)
His research interests include animal welfare, bioethics and experimental refinement. (ed.ac.uk)
How can methods and tools be developed to ensure that the number of animal experiments and the number of animals used in research are significantly reduced? (unifr.ch)
The project has received funding of around 716,000 Swiss francs as part of the Swiss National Science Foundation's «Advancing 3R - Animals, Research and Society» programme. (unifr.ch)
In the project « Replacement of xenograft mouse models by molecularly-defined 3D in vitro systems», Prof. Dr Jörn Dengjel (UniFr), Prof. Dr Mark Tibbitt (ETHZ) and their research teams aim to develop 3D cell culture models. (unifr.ch)
Through the development of artificial models, the number of animal experiments and the number of animals used in university and private-sector research can be greatly reduced. (unifr.ch)
Because there are only a few models of inflammatory breast cancer, it's important to develop more models of this disease, and ours represents an ideal model to evaluate stem cell-targeting therapies," says Sandra Fernandez, Ph.D., assistant research professor at Fox Chase and lead author on the study. (medindia.net)
Dr. Blikslager has 25-years of clinical and research large animal experience focused on gastrointestinal surgery in a variety of large animal species. (unc.edu)
Dr. Gonzalez has 10 years of clinical and research experience with large animals, focused on the impact of injury on the stem cell niche. (unc.edu)
Laura Edwards has 17-years of laboratory animal research experience and is a Registered Laboratory Animal Technologist (RLAT). (unc.edu)
Both rodents and nonrodents models are available in DILI research field. (hindawi.com)
Research projects in the life sciences often employ model animals, and in the past birds-particularly chickens-have been used for immediate comparisons with mammals. (riken.jp)
The Champalimaud Scientific Animal Model Platforms are shared facilities that host technical and scientific infrastructures essential for research development at the Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, providing word-class specialised services to investigators that preform basic research using animal models. (fchampalimaud.org)
The Champalimaud Research Animal Platforms, comprising three different facilities - Fly Platform, Fish Platform and Rodent Platform - provide breeding and care strictly following European Guidelines (Directive2010/63/UE), NationalLaws (DecreeLaw113/2013) and the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations guide lines. (fchampalimaud.org)
The aim is to provide state-of-the-art services in the three models in three main domains: 1) Maintenance and stocking of genetically modified lines (both live or cryopreserved), 2) Generation of new lines and development of new technologies, 3) Knowledge transfer and continuous education and certification in animal research and technology. (fchampalimaud.org)
At the Big Data and AI Innovation in Drug Discovery symposium at the National Biotechnology Research Park in Taipei , Chief Scientific Officer at Ochre Bio, Dr. Quin Wills, spoke about his team's efforts to develop computer and human-based preclinical models to help lead the rapid pace of biotechnology innovation. (wfla.com)
White-crowned sparrows work particularly well for such research because different subspecies produce distinctly different songs, making them ideal for research on animal communication. (nsf.gov)
Research on MCMs can include using animal models to test their effectiveness. (cdc.gov)
The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA), issued by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) , National Institutes of Health (NIH), is to facilitate collaborative research, involving behavioral scientists and investigators with expertise in molecular biology and/or genomics, which addresses questions about basic mechanisms of behavior in animal models. (nih.gov)
Biodefense: Research Methodology and Animal Models, edited by James R. Swearengen, is a timely and invaluable reference for those performing animal experimentation to develop medical countermeasures and diagnostics against infectious agents and toxins identified as potential biological weapons. (cdc.gov)
Biodefense: Research Methodology and Animal Models will certainly benefit scientists designing aerobiology studies or those exploring the infectious agents and toxins discussed in this book. (cdc.gov)
Now, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Princeton University scientists have found that unique sets of proteins and pathways present in specific animal models commonly used in research are also present and mutated in human disease. (unchealthcare.org)
Animal models will play a central role in future research into hepatic encephalopathy to better understand its pathophysiology and to develop newer therapeutic modalities for this condition. (who.int)
A systematic approach to creating model overviews can lead to an objective, evidence-based choice of an animal model for new research questions. (ru.nl)
The research team reported their proof-of-principle study, using cell culture and animal models, in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, published online this week. (genemedicine.net)
Scopolamine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist is widely to induce cognitive / memory impairment in clinical research (human volunteers) and in experimental animals. (neurofit.com)
A research team, including marine ecologist, Carlos Duarte of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) in Saudi Arabia, derived a mathematical model to simulate the growth patterns of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica in the presence of hydrogen sulphide. (natureasia.com)
This database, created in 2000, is updated every three months with newly published scientific articles, books, and other publications related to improving or safeguarding the welfare of animals used in research. (awionline.org)
Fish models are essential for research in many biological and medical disciplines. (awionline.org)
The research team developed a swine population model based on the factors such as facilities supporting farm infrastructure, land availability, zoning and local regulations, and natural geographic barriers that could affect swine farming in Ontario. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
Members are our strongest champions of animal conservation and wildlife research. (si.edu)

Experimental animal models have been developed in numerous species using a variety of methods and agents to induce hydrocephalus or through genetic mutations in rodents. (scirp.org)
This protocol was developed in Landrace pigs and can be adapted to other pig breeds or other large animal species. (nature.com)
Manafzadeh then studied several species of live birds to see if the model predicted the joint poses correctly in each case, producing a mathematically rigorous method for predicting joint poses from only their constituent bones, which could be used to deduce how the joints, and therefore the live animal, moves. (yaledailynews.com)
Conlon, who is a member of the UNC McAllister Heart Institute, and Ileana Cristea, PhD, at Princeton University, led experiments to define the protein composition of four model vertebrates that are used to study human heart disease: two frog species, the mouse, and the pig. (unchealthcare.org)
2020. Skin swabbing is a refined technique to collect DNA from model fish species. (awionline.org)
Model fish species such as sticklebacks and zebrafish are frequently used in studies that require DNA to be collected from live animals. (awionline.org)
Most of the Zoo's animals participate in the Association of Zoos and Aquariums' Species Survival Plan (SSP). (si.edu)

In addition, organism-specific information on pathways in animal models is often lacking. (nih.gov)
Our systematic pathway-tissue comparison between human and three animal modes points to specific similarities with human and to distinct differences among the animal models, thereby suggesting the most suitable organism for modeling a human pathway or tissue. (nih.gov)
instead, it serves as a model organism of powerhouse proportions. (nsf.gov)

TAIPEI , Nov. 24, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- With the FDA Modernization Act's passage earlier this year, drug developers have the opportunity to forgo animal models in preclinical development for the first time in history. (wfla.com)

Our top 10 animal behavior blog posts from 2018. (noldus.com)
We believe that better understanding of biobehavioral characteristics, as well as the continued pursuit of applied strategies, of which we highlight the functional analytical model, will be key factors for the return of behavior analysis to investigate this phenomenon systematically, in both laboratory and social contexts. (bvsalud.org)
Both major depression and the learned helplessness triadic model of induced depressive behavior is associated with functional impairments in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala (AMY). (usp.br)
Across chapters, readers will come to appreciate the new field of "comparative evolutionary psychology," which successfully combines laboratory and field approaches, drawing on diverse methodologies and theoretical viewpoints to elucidate the mysteries of animal behavior and cognition. (oup.com)

This study was devised to produce an animal model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in order to study both the induction and the elicitation of the disease. (jci.org)
Since many individuals are exposed to the etiologic agents of hypersensitivity pneumonitis for extended periods without developing the disease, these findings in animals suggest that some event may occur to induce cell mediated hypersensitivity in order to initiate the disease process. (jci.org)
To develop the new disease model, Fernandez, Cristofanilli and their colleagues developed an IRB-approved prospective protocol allowing for the collection of tissue and pleural fluid from patients with advanced IBC. (medindia.net)
So it's important to have a specific model that we can use to test different drugs and see which ones work for this kind of disease. (medindia.net)
These findings provide further proof of the gut's role in Parkinson's disease, and give us a model to study the disease's progression from the start," said Ted Dawson, MD, PhD, in a statement . (ajmc.com)
He has worked with CGIBD members to develop surgical models of digestive disease. (unc.edu)
She has developed novel large animal models for study of GI disease, including porcine and equine enteroids and a porcine small intestinal transplant model with collaborators at Duke. (unc.edu)
tumour grafts derived from sarcoma patients retain tumour morphology, viability, and invasion potential and indicate disease outcomes in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model, Cancer Letters, 326, 69-78, 2012. (ugent.be)
To identify probable areas where West Point cadets as well as active duty service members stationed at West Point and their families might contract Lyme disease, this study used Geographic Information System mapping methods and remote sensing data to replicate an established spatial model to identify the likely habitat of a key host animal-the white-tailed deer. (health.mil)
Using this technique, mouse models of disease can be created to imitate human conditions. (wustl.edu)
Such computational models enable Ochre to identify dozens of new potential therapeutic targets for specific liver disease indications which they are now ready to test in different pre-clinical human models. (mychamplainvalley.com)
It clearly and concisely provides extensive details about the animal models, both past and present, that have been used to investigate a selected number of disease processes caused by exposure to plausible biological threat agents. (cdc.gov)
Diapocynin also halted the disease progression in a chronic mouse model of PD. (springer.com)
The lack of a reliable small animal model that mimics dengue disease is a major obstacle. (who.int)
Lesion material from Treponema-associated Hoof Disease of wild elk induces disease pathology in the sheep Digital Dermatitis model. (usda.gov)
Genetic and transgenic studies are consistent with a model where expanded polyglutamines cause disease by conferring a novel toxic function on the disease proteins. (bmj.com)
Mathematical and simulation models are often used to simulate foreign animal disease outbreaks and best practices for control. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
This methodology will be useful for individuals interested in modeling the spread of pathogens between farms across a landscape and using these models to evaluate disease control strategies. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
After 5 h of disease induction, animals were sacrificed to get tissues for histological evaluation and ulcer index was measured. (researchgate.net)

In order to investigate the development of tumours and the effects of medication, human tumour cells are implanted into mouse xenograft models. (unifr.ch)
Since tumour cells are implanted directly into the organ of origin, these tumours reflect the original situation (such as e.g. microenvironment) much better than subcutaneous xenograft tumour models. (ugent.be)

Highly knowledgeable about various animal models for efficacy and biomarkers of drug discovery in oncology and immuno-oncology. (biospace.com)
Orthotopic tumour models are considered more clinically relevant and better predictive models of drug efficacy than standard subcutaneous models. (ugent.be)
For the past hundred years, the first "in vivo" step in drug development involved the use of mammalian models in predicting human safety and efficacy outcomes. (wfla.com)
Herein, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of diapocynin, an oxidative metabolite of the naturally occurring agent apocynin, in a pre-clinical 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. (springer.com)
The establishment of an animal model of bronchial asthma with airway remodeling characteristics has great significance to evaluate treatment efficacy and to elucidate the pathological mechanisms of chronic asthma. (cnjournals.com)

Now, Ochre Bio is leading the charge to develop revolutionary preclinical models to create more effective therapies faster than ever before. (wfla.com)

She combined that information with anatomical data, creating a mathematical model to calculate limb strength. (nsf.gov)

Through a combination of modern measurement and analysis methods, the project will provide detailed insights into animal cancer models in order to subsequently reconstitute them in vitro. (unifr.ch)
The Large Animal Models Core was established because in vitro cell culture systems or small animal models have not always translated well to solving human health problems. (unc.edu)
NEUROFIT offers a wide range of neuroscience preclinical services including in vivo and in vitro validated models. (neurofit.com)
Efficient testing in vitro and in refined animal models is necessary in order to license at least two compounds. (who.int)

This is, of course, also vital in laboratory animal medicine, as only healthy animals should be used for experiments. (taylorfrancis.com)

Many approaches have been used to develop suitable models of hepatic encephalopathy, each with specific advantages and disadvantages. (who.int)
As far as the authors are aware, this is one of the largest systematic mapping reviews on genetic animal models for CF. It can aid in selecting a suitable model and outcome measures. (ru.nl)

Cloaking immune cells with antibodies that block T cell trafficking to the gut can substantially reduce the risk of viral transmission in a non-human primate model of HIV infection, scientists report. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
A previous study of anti-a4b7 treatment in acute SIV infection found that it could not only suppress viral load, but also keep treated animals healthy for years, while control animals' SIV infection progressed to AIDS. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Some pathogens, like Rabies lyssavirus (RABV), cause few signs of infection before death, which makes it hard to know if test animals survive because of effective MCM treatment, or because they were never infected. (cdc.gov)
This meant we could detect rabies infection in living animals before clinical signs of rabies were detected. (cdc.gov)
The animal models for dengue virus infection. (who.int)
Weitzman will continue to investigate HSV-1 infection in neurons and in animal models. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

A search is thus on for useful model reptiles to use in developmental biology. (riken.jp)

It has therefore been a challenge for scientists to deduce how an animal moved and walked while alive based only upon the dry bones that remain. (yaledailynews.com)
For decades, scientists have mulled over what the claw was for, theorized to have been used for hunting down prey , and how the animal moved with it. (yaledailynews.com)
The SSP scientists determine which animals to breed by considering their genetic makeup, nutritional and social needs, temperament and overall health. (si.edu)

In Vivo Pharmacology and Animal Models job with RemeGen Biosciences, Inc. (biospace.com)

Monitoring the models and comparing the results could help developers ascertain how the study is evolving and decide whether to proceed or not, saving critical time and development costs, Massoumi explained. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
This model is used to study the mechanism of DILI and test the effectiveness of drugs against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. (hindawi.com)
The study offered new insights into how form drives function in animal limbs, and shed slight on both the fossil record and prehistoric life on Earth. (nsf.gov)
The benefit of animal studies resides in the ethical realms of scientific study. (wustl.edu)
The specific requirements of experiments to study a particular aspect of encephalopathy also influence the choice of animal model. (who.int)
We developed a simulation model to study the effect of ventilation airflow rate with and without filtered recirculation on airborne contaminant concentrations (dust, NH3, CO, and CO2) for swine farrowing facilities. (cdc.gov)
This semi-experimental study investigated the effect of breastfeeding training based on the BASNEF model on severity of postpartum blues in 2012. (who.int)
The study provided a mechanistic transcriptional model in which Cd activates Nrf2 through a metal-activated signaling pathway involving a dynamic interplay between ubiquitination/deubiquitination and complex formation/dissociation of Nrf2 and Keap1. (cdc.gov)

The internationally recognized Transgenic Animal Model Core celebrates 25 years of achievement at the University of Michigan. (constantcontact.com)
Join experts in the field as they cover a wide variety of topics on the latest technology and milestones in transgenic animal science. (constantcontact.com)

Foreign animal diseases of swine are of significant concern. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
Within Canada, access to individual swine farm population data with which to parameterize models is a challenge because of privacy concerns. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
Swine population models were then compared with a known database of swine farm locations in Ontario and found that the modeled population was representative of farm locations with a high accuracy (AUC: 0.91, Standard deviation: 0.02) suggesting that the algorithm generated a reasonable approximation of farm locations in Ontario. (nationalhogfarmer.com)
In the absence of a readily accessible dataset providing details of the relative locations of swine farms in Ontario, development of a model livestock population that captures key characteristics of the true population structure while protecting privacy concerns is an important methodological advancement. (nationalhogfarmer.com)

Short-lived animal models are not representative of human lifespans. (wfla.com)

Animal models of arrhythmia: classic electrophysiology to genetically modified large animals. (nature.com)

We are looking for a highly motivated Scientist/Sr. Scientist In Vivo Pharmacology and Animal Models to join the Therapeutic Biology Group in our South San Francisco site. (biospace.com)

You can think of animals as the product of a long history of experiments in nature," says Sandy Kawano, a postdoctoral researcher at the NSF-funded National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis (NIMBIoS). (nsf.gov)
A mathematical model shows that special vegetation patterns in seagrass meadows - featuring rings, arches and spirals - are mediated by hydrogen sulphide, which is toxic to the plants. (natureasia.com)

they aim to develop 3D cell culture models that will help to reduce the need for mouse experiments. (unifr.ch)
Develop in vivo animal models to support the evaluation of therapeutic candidates in oncology and immunology. (biospace.com)
These new models could reduce the number of animals needed for testing, limit harm to test animals, and lower project times as we work to develop and improve MCMs for rabies. (cdc.gov)

Despite that, from 203 human KEGG pathways and the seven tissues with best experimental coverage, we identify 95 distinct pathways, for which the tissue expression in one animal model agrees better with human than the others. (nih.gov)
According to Manafzadeh, the difficulty with studying joints of extinct animals is that when an animal fossilizes, most of the time only its bones are left while the soft tissues like ligaments - which connect one bone to another - and cartilage - which cover the end of bones and reduces the friction between them - decay. (yaledailynews.com)
Nonetheless, there have been recent developments in the ability to connect multiple organ-on-a-chip models to analyze the effects of drug toxicity in the surrounding tissues of the target organ. (news-medical.net)
We need to see if the virus `hides out' in body fluids and tissues of animals it can infect, and if the virus can be passed between animals through copulation. (cdc.gov)

In addition, we have shown that animals with normal lung histology and circulating complement-fixing antibodies undergo serum complement (CH50) depression after an aerosol challenge with the specific antigen. (jci.org)
Animals with circulating, complement-fixing antibodies, and inflamed lungs (BCG-induced failed to undergo a complement depression subsequent to an aerosol challenge with specific antigens. (jci.org)

We tested two RABV strains that had genes added to produce light when the viruses spread in infected animals. (cdc.gov)
Luminescent rabies strains give clear and early signs of rabies virus in test animals. (cdc.gov)

While animal testing proved valuable in its own right for hundreds of therapies, as technology and our understanding of complex biological processes advance, it is clear that animal models will not suffice for next-generation therapies. (wfla.com)
Aged mouse is widely used as a model for testing therapies for MCI but can also serves as a model for evaluating general cognitive enhancers for dementia. (neurofit.com)

The question still remains: can we trust results from animal studies to correlate with human outcomes? (wustl.edu)

Neuropathogenesis associated with hydrocephalus has been elucidated by pathological studies of human brains and through experimental and genetic animal models. (scirp.org)

Rodent heart failure models do not reflect the human circulating microRNA signature in heart failure. (nature.com)
thus, this manuscript focused on rodent models due to its easy access in laboratory. (hindawi.com)

Down's syndrome, for instance, has a clear recognized cause and behavioral consequences in animal models (motor problems and learning deficits). (noldus.com)
This article presents a behavioral-analytic view about schizophrenia and comprises two parts: (a) presents previous work on animal behavioral experimental models related to schizophrenic behaviors (i.e., social isolation, latent inhibition and learned helplessness) and (b) applied interventions (e.g., the token economy and functional analytic approaches). (bvsalud.org)

Within these limitations, we explore the possibilities that arise from publicly available data for the animal models mouse, rat, and pig. (nih.gov)
Explore 3D Animals Models. (artstation.com)
The similarities between polyglutamine diseases and OPMD have led us to explore whether strategies that protect against polyglutamine aggregation or toxicity are also effective in OPMD models. (bmj.com)
Brian Foy] The first step is to explore Zika virus transmission in animal models in the laboratory. (cdc.gov)

Treatment with diapocynin also significantly improved locomotor activity, restored dopamine and its metabolites, and protected dopaminergic neurons and their nerve terminals in this pre-clinical model of PD. (springer.com)

The high failure rate during the drug testing process is partially due to the fact that animal models are not always predictive of the human condition. (news-medical.net)

The following discussion will briefly describe each of the experimental models, along with the basic advantages and disadvantages of each model. (scirp.org)

These models are mainly used in personalized cancer therapy to investigate tumour development and medication effects. (unifr.ch)
Neff, E. P. Cancer modeling thinks big with the pig. (nature.com)
Quantitative and Functional Requirements for Bioluminescent Cancer Models. (ugent.be)

This can lead to a "translational disconnect" ( 5 ) between development and homogeneity in animals versus the diversity and plasticity of human systems. (wustl.edu)
Further systematic reviews are warranted to determine the quality and translational value of these models further. (ru.nl)

Although none of these models can fully mimic the human condition, they each provide fundamental knowledge contributing to understanding more about the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus and its underlying causes. (scirp.org)
Although none of these models can fully mimic the human condition, they each provide important contributions of understanding more about the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus and how to potentially treat it effectively. (scirp.org)

Animal models are crucial for advancing our knowledge about the molecular pathways involved in human diseases. (nih.gov)

The main disadvantage of kaolin induction is that the inflammatory reaction, composed of macrophages and CD4- and CD8-positive lymphocytes [33] , might confound interpretation of microglial reactions in these animal models. (scirp.org)
Basically there are 5 main settings and we have listed what's needed for most any target animal but you can email or call for help anytime. (bugspray.com)

An overview of basic model characteristics and outcome measures for these genetic models is provided, together with advice on using these data. (ru.nl)

article{Hajhashemi2014AnalgesicAA, title={Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of bupropion in animal models}, author={Valiollah Hajhashemi and Ph. (semanticscholar.org)
Bupropion exerts anti-inflammatory influence through suppressing the TLR4 and NF-ĸB expression in the rat model of acute colitis through suppression of TNF-α level and MPO activity. (semanticscholar.org)
It is used as an in vivo model for identifying potential anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating drugs. (neurofit.com)

Prof Eddie Clutton is Academic Head of Veterinary Anaesthesia at the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, where he is also Director of the Wellcome Trust Critical Care Laboratory for Large Animals. (ed.ac.uk)
The pathogenesis of brain damage in hydrocephalus has been elucidated by pathological studies of human brains and through the use of experimental animal models. (scirp.org)
David Luther studies a more modern phenomenon: how animals adapt to urban environments. (nsf.gov)
Armita Manafzadeh's unique data-driven approach to analyze the joints of dinosaurs and other extinct animals at the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies earned recognition from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. (yaledailynews.com)
We included all primary studies describing an animal model for CF. After duplicate removal, 12,304 publications were left. (ru.nl)
Animal studies have shown that topical application of TMA dissolved in organic solvents can lead to specific IgE production. (cdc.gov)

The Taconic Emerging Models Program offers access to developing models sponsored by various Principal Investigators. (taconic.com)

Collectively, these results demonstrate that diapocynin exhibits profound neuroprotective effects in a pre-clinical animal model of PD by attenuating oxidative damage and neuroinflammatory responses. (springer.com)
NEUROFIT offers various cellular and animal models able to evaluate the neuroprotective effect or the cognitive / memory enhancing properties of compounds. (neurofit.com)

The T-maze test allows to evaluate cognitive deficit (reduction in the number of alternation) useful as model for screening compounds with cognitive enhancing properties. (neurofit.com)
We applied both models to multiyear, removal trapping time -series of a large invasive lizard (Argentine black and white tegu, Salvator merianae) in three management areas of South Florida to evaluate the effectiveness of management programs. (bvsalud.org)

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Psychiatry and Psychology5

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Efficacy of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in combination with cytokine gene therapy in an experimental metastatic breast cancer model. (1/9364)

Primary cultured hepatocytes of the bony fish, Oreochromis mossambicus, the tilapia: a valid tool for physiological studies on IGF-I expression in liver. (2/9364)

Exclusive androgenic effect of dehydroepiandrosterone in sebaceous glands of rat skin. (3/9364)

Electrophysiological and cardiohemodynamic effects of AH-1058, a new type calcium channel blocker, assessed by the in vivo canine model. (4/9364)

The effect of the prostaglandin I2 analogue OP-2507 on adrenaline-induced pulmonary edema in rabbits and analysis of hemodynamic changes. (5/9364)

Standardized ejection fraction as a parameter of overall ventricular pump function. (6/9364)

Carnosine as a potential anti-senescence drug. (7/9364)

DNA vaccines. (8/9364)

Animal Use Alternatives

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Depression

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Depressive Disorder, Major

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Efficacy of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in combination with cytokine gene therapy in an experimental metastatic breast cancer model. (1/9364)

Primary cultured hepatocytes of the bony fish, Oreochromis mossambicus, the tilapia: a valid tool for physiological studies on IGF-I expression in liver. (2/9364)

Exclusive androgenic effect of dehydroepiandrosterone in sebaceous glands of rat skin. (3/9364)

Electrophysiological and cardiohemodynamic effects of AH-1058, a new type calcium channel blocker, assessed by the in vivo canine model. (4/9364)

The effect of the prostaglandin I2 analogue OP-2507 on adrenaline-induced pulmonary edema in rabbits and analysis of hemodynamic changes. (5/9364)

Standardized ejection fraction as a parameter of overall ventricular pump function. (6/9364)

Carnosine as a potential anti-senescence drug. (7/9364)

DNA vaccines. (8/9364)

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Zebrafish - Paperback - Christiane Nusslein-Volhard; Ralf Dahm - Oxford University Press

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