Microsatellite repeats. Medical search

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

The most common of the microsatellite tandem repeats (MICROSATELLITE REPEATS) dispersed in the euchromatic arms of chromosomes. They consist of two nucleotides repeated in tandem; guanine and thymine, (GT)n, is the most frequently seen.

Highly repetitive DNA sequences found in HETEROCHROMATIN, mainly near centromeres. They are composed of simple sequences (very short) (see MINISATELLITE REPEATS) repeated in tandem many times to form large blocks of sequence. Additionally, following the accumulation of mutations, these blocks of repeats have been repeated in tandem themselves. The degree of repetition is on the order of 1000 to 10 million at each locus. Loci are few, usually one or two per chromosome. They were called satellites since in density gradients, they often sediment as distinct, satellite bands separate from the bulk of genomic DNA owing to a distinct BASE COMPOSITION.

Microsatellite repeats consisting of three nucleotides dispersed in the euchromatic arms of chromosomes.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.

The occurrence of highly polymorphic mono- and dinucleotide MICROSATELLITE REPEATS in somatic cells. It is a form of genome instability associated with defects in DNA MISMATCH REPAIR.

The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.

The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

Copies of DNA sequences which lie adjacent to each other in the same orientation (direct tandem repeats) or in the opposite direction to each other (INVERTED TANDEM REPEATS).

Specific regions that are mapped within a GENOME. Genetic loci are usually identified with a shorthand notation that indicates the chromosome number and the position of a specific band along the P or Q arm of the chromosome where they are found. For example the locus 6p21 is found within band 21 of the P-arm of CHROMOSOME 6. Many well known genetic loci are also known by common names that are associated with a genetic function or HEREDITARY DISEASE.

The loss of one allele at a specific locus, caused by a deletion mutation; or loss of a chromosome from a chromosome pair, resulting in abnormal HEMIZYGOSITY. It is detected when heterozygous markers for a locus appear monomorphic because one of the ALLELES was deleted.

The discipline studying genetic composition of populations and effects of factors such as GENETIC SELECTION, population size, MUTATION, migration, and GENETIC DRIFT on the frequencies of various GENOTYPES and PHENOTYPES using a variety of GENETIC TECHNIQUES.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.

Tandem arrays of moderately repetitive, short (10-60 bases) DNA sequences which are found dispersed throughout the GENOME, at the ends of chromosomes (TELOMERES), and clustered near telomeres. Their degree of repetition is two to several hundred at each locus. Loci number in the thousands but each locus shows a distinctive repeat unit.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

An increased number of contiguous trinucleotide repeats in the DNA sequence from one generation to the next. The presence of these regions is associated with diseases such as FRAGILE X SYNDROME and MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY. Some CHROMOSOME FRAGILE SITES are composed of sequences where trinucleotide repeat expansion occurs.

An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.

MutS homolog 2 protein is found throughout eukaryotes and is a homolog of the MUTS DNA MISMATCH-BINDING PROTEIN. It plays an essential role in meiotic RECOMBINATION and DNA REPAIR of mismatched NUCLEOTIDES.

The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.

An animal or plant species in danger of extinction. Causes can include human activity, changing climate, or change in predator/prey ratios.

DNA present in neoplastic tissue.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The presence of an uncomplimentary base in double-stranded DNA caused by spontaneous deamination of cytosine or adenine, mismatching during homologous recombination, or errors in DNA replication. Multiple, sequential base pair mismatches lead to formation of heteroduplex DNA; (NUCLEIC ACID HETERODUPLEXES).

Protein motif that contains a 33-amino acid long sequence that often occurs in tandem arrays. This repeating sequence of 33-amino acids was discovered in ANKYRIN where it is involved in interaction with the anion exchanger (ANION EXCHANGE PROTEIN 1, ERYTHROCYTE). Ankyrin repeats cooperatively fold into domains that mediate molecular recognition via protein-protein interactions.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

The proportion of one particular in the total of all ALLELES for one genetic locus in a breeding POPULATION.

The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.

A DNA repair pathway involved in correction of errors introduced during DNA replication when an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. Excinucleases recognize the BASE PAIR MISMATCH and cause a segment of polynucleotide chain to be excised from the daughter strand, thereby removing the mismatched base. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)

A sequential pattern of amino acids occurring more than once in the same protein sequence.

The change in gene frequency in a population due to migration of gametes or individuals (ANIMAL MIGRATION) across population barriers. In contrast, in GENETIC DRIFT the cause of gene frequency changes are not a result of population or gamete movement.

A group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases in which COLON CANCER arises in discrete adenomas. Unlike FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI with hundreds of polyps, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms occur much later, in the fourth and fifth decades. HNPCC has been associated with germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. It has been subdivided into Lynch syndrome I or site-specific colonic cancer, and LYNCH SYNDROME II which includes extracolonic cancer.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A type of mutation in which a number of NUCLEOTIDES deleted from or inserted into a protein coding sequence is not divisible by three, thereby causing an alteration in the READING FRAMES of the entire coding sequence downstream of the mutation. These mutations may be induced by certain types of MUTAGENS or may occur spontaneously.

A region of DNA that is highly polymorphic and is prone to strand breaks, rearrangements or other MUTATIONS because of the nature of its sequence. These regions often harbor palindromic, or repetitive sequences (REPETITIVE SEQUENCES, NUCLEIC ACID). Variability in stability of the DNA sequence is seen at CHROMOSOME FRAGILE SITES.

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The total relative probability, expressed on a logarithmic scale, that a linkage relationship exists among selected loci. Lod is an acronym for "logarithmic odds."

Copies of nucleic acid sequence that are arranged in opposing orientation. They may lie adjacent to each other (tandem) or be separated by some sequence that is not part of the repeat (hyphenated). They may be true palindromic repeats, i.e. read the same backwards as forward, or complementary which reads as the base complement in the opposite orientation. Complementary inverted repeats have the potential to form hairpin loop or stem-loop structures which results in cruciform structures (such as CRUCIFORM DNA) when the complementary inverted repeats occur in double stranded regions.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

An increase number of repeats of a genomic, tandemly repeated DNA sequence from one generation to the next.

An increased tendency of the GENOME to acquire MUTATIONS when various processes involved in maintaining and replicating the genome are dysfunctional.

A broad category of carrier proteins that play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. They generally contain several modular domains, each of which having its own binding activity, and act by forming complexes with other intracellular-signaling molecules. Signal-transducing adaptor proteins lack enzyme activity, however their activity can be modulated by other signal-transducing enzymes

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Establishing the father relationship of a man and a child.

Nonrandom association of linked genes. This is the tendency of the alleles of two separate but already linked loci to be found together more frequently than would be expected by chance alone.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Superimposed histologic and genetic mapping of chromosome 9 in progression of human urinary bladder neoplasia: implications for a genetic model of multistep urothelial carcinogenesis and early detection of urinary bladder cancer. (1/8354)

The evolution of alterations on chromosome 9, including the putative tumor suppressor genes mapped to the 9p21-22 region (the MTS genes), was studied in relation to the progression of human urinary bladder neoplasia by using whole organ superimposed histologic and genetic mapping in cystectomy specimens and was verified in urinary bladder tumors of various pathogenetic subsets with longterm follow-up. The applicability of chromosome 9 allelic losses as non-invasive markers of urothelial neoplasia was tested on voided urine and/or bladder washings of patients with urinary bladder cancer. Although sequential multiple hits in the MTS locus were documented in the development of intraurothelial precursor lesions, the MTS genes do not seem to represent a major target for p21-23 deletions in bladder cancer. Two additional tumor suppressor genes involved in bladder neoplasia located distally and proximally to the MTS locus within p22-23 and p11-13 regions respectively were identified. Several distinct putative tumor suppressor gene loci within the q12-13, q21-22, and q34 regions were identified on the q arm. In particular, the pericentromeric q12-13 area may contain the critical tumor suppressor gene or genes for the development of early urothelial neoplasia. Allelic losses of chromosome 9 were associated with expansion of the abnormal urothelial clone which frequently involved large areas of urinary bladder mucosa. These losses could be found in a high proportion of urothelial tumors and in voided urine or bladder washing samples of nearly all patients with urinary bladder carcinoma. (+info)

Level of retinoblastoma protein expression correlates with p16 (MTS-1/INK4A/CDKN2) status in bladder cancer. (2/8354)

Recent studies have shown that patients whose bladder cancer exhibit overexpression of RB protein as measured by immunohistochemical analysis do equally poorly as those with loss of RB function. We hypothesized that loss of p16 protein function could be related to RB overexpression, since p16 can induce transcriptional downregulation of RB and its loss may lead to aberrant RB regulation. Conversely, loss of RB function has been associated with high p16 protein expression in several other tumor types. In the present study RB negative bladder tumors also exhibited strong nuclear p16 staining while each tumor with strong, homogeneous RB nuclear staining were p16 negative, supporting our hypothesis. To expand on these immunohistochemical studies additional cases were selected in which the status of the p16 encoding gene had been determined at the molecular level. Absent p16 and high RB protein expression was found in the tumors having loss of heterozygosity within 9p21 and a structural change (mutation or deletion) of the remaining p16 encoding gene allele, confirming the staining results. These results strongly support the hypothesis that the RB nuclear overexpression recently associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer is also associated with loss of p16 function and implies that loss of p16 function could be equally deleterious as RB loss in bladder and likely other cancers. (+info)

Multiple target sites of allelic imbalance on chromosome 17 in Barrett's oesophageal cancer. (3/8354)

Twelve Barrett's adenocarcinomas have been analysed for the occurrence of allelic imbalance (LOH) on chromosome 17 using 41 microsatellite markers. This study provides evidence for 13 minimal regions of LOH, six on 17p and seven on 17q. Four of these centre in the vicinity of the known tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) TP53 (17p13.1), NFI (17q11.2), BRCA1 (17q21.1), and a putative TSG (17p13.3). The tumours all displayed relatively small regions of LOH (1-10 cM), and in several tumours extensive regions of LOH were detected. One tumour displayed only two very small regions of LOH; 17p11.2 and 17p13.1. The frequency of allelic imbalance has been calculated based on the LOH encompassing only one minimal region, and based on all the LOH observations. By both evaluations the highest LOH frequencies were found for regions II (p53), III (17p13.1 centromeric to p53), IV (17p12), V (17p11.2) and VII (NF1, 17q11.2). Our data supports the existence of multiple TSGs on chromosome 17 and challenges the view that p53 is the sole target of LOH on 17p in Barrett's adenocarcinoma. (+info)

p73 at chromosome 1p36.3 is lost in advanced stage neuroblastoma but its mutation is infrequent. (4/8354)

p73, a novel p53 family member, is a recently identified candidate neuroblastoma (NBL) suppressor gene mapped at chromosome 1p36.33 and was found to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in cell lines. To test the hypothesis that p73 is a NBL suppressor gene, we analysed the p73 gene in primary human NBLs. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for p73 was observed in 19% (28/151) of informative cases which included 92 mass-screening (MS) tumors. The high frequency of p73 LOH was significantly associated with sporadic NBLs (9% vs 34%, P<0.001), N-myc amplification (10% vs 71%, P<0.001), and advanced stage (14% vs 28%, P<0.05). Both p73alpha and p73beta transcripts were detectable in only 46 of 134 (34%) NBLs at low levels by RT-PCR methods, while they were easily detectable in most breast cancers and colorectal cancers under the same conditions. They found no correlation between p73 LOH and its expression levels (P>0.1). We found two mutations out of 140 NBLs, one somatic and one germline, which result in amino acid substitutions in the C-terminal region of p73 which may affect transactivation functions, though, in the same tumor samples, no mutation of the p53 gene was observed as reported previously. These results suggest that allelic loss of the p73 gene may be a later event in NBL tumorigenesis. However, p73 is infrequently mutated in primary NBLs and may hardly function as a tumor suppressor in a classic Knudson's manner. (+info)

Genomic organization of the KCNQ1 K+ channel gene and identification of C-terminal mutations in the long-QT syndrome. (5/8354)

The voltage-gated K+ channel KVLQT1 is essential for the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential and for K+ homeostasis in the inner ear. Mutations in the human KCNQ1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of the KVLQT1 channel cause the long-QT syndrome (LQTS). The autosomal dominant form of this cardiac disease, the Romano-Ward syndrome, is characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden death. The autosomal recessive form, the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, also includes bilateral deafness. In the present study, we report the entire genomic structure of KCNQ1, which consists of 19 exons spanning 400 kb on chromosome 11p15.5. We describe the sequences of exon-intron boundaries and oligonucleotide primers that allow polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of exons from genomic DNA. Two new (CA)n repeat microsatellites were found in introns 10 and 14. The present study provides helpful tools for the linkage analysis and mutation screening of the complete KCNQ1 gene. By use of these tools, five novel mutations were identified in LQTS patients by PCR-single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis in the C-terminal part of KCNQ1: two missense mutations, a 20-bp and 1-bp deletions, and a 1-bp insertion. Such mutations in the C-terminal domain of the gene may be more frequent than previously expected, because this region has not been analyzed so far. This could explain the low percentage of mutations found in large LQTS cohorts. (+info)

Genomic structure and alterations of homeobox gene CDX2 in colorectal carcinomas. (6/8354)

Expression of CDX2, a caudal-related homeobox gene, was found to be decreased in colorectal carcinomas. Heterozygous null mutant mice as to Cdx2 develop multiple intestinal adenomatous polyps. To clarify the role of CDX2 in colorectal carcinogenesis, we determined its genomic structure, and searched for mutations of CDX2 in 49 sporadic colorectal carcinomas and ten hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancers (HNPCC) without microsatellite instability. None of them exhibited a mutation. We further examined 19 HNPCC carcinomas with microsatellite instability for mutations in a (G)7 repeat site within CDX2. One of them (5.3%) exhibited one G insertion. Loss of heterozygosity was observed in 2 of the 20 (10%) informative sporadic carcinomas, and in one of the three (33.3%) informative HNPCC cancers. These data indicate that CDX2 may play only a minor role in colorectal carcinogenesis. (+info)

Microsatellite instability, Epstein-Barr virus, mutation of type II transforming growth factor beta receptor and BAX in gastric carcinomas in Hong Kong Chinese. (7/8354)

Microsatellite instability (MI), the phenotypic manifestation of mismatch repair failure, is found in a proportion of gastric carcinomas. Little is known of the links between MI and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status and clinicopathological elements. Examination of genes mutated through the MI mechanism could also be expected to reveal important information on the carcinogenic pathway. Seventy-nine gastric carcinomas (61 EBV negative, 18 EBV positive) from local Hong Kong Chinese population, an intermediate-incidence area, were examined. Eight microsatellite loci, inclusive of the A10 tract of type II transforming growth factor beta receptor (TbetaR-II), were used to evaluate the MI status. MI in the BAX and insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) genes were also examined. High-level MI (>40% unstable loci) was detected in ten cases (12.7%) and low-level MI (1-40% unstable loci) in three (3.8%). High-level MI was detected in two EBV-associated cases (11%) and the incidence was similar for the EBV-negative cases (13%). The high-level MIs were significantly associated with intestinal-type tumours (P = 0.03) and a more prominent lymphoid infiltrate (P = 0.04). Similar associations were noted in the EBV-positive carcinomas. The high-level MIs were more commonly located in the antrum, whereas the EBV-associated carcinomas were mostly located in body. Thirteen cardia cases were negative for both high-level MI and EBV. All patients aged below 55 were MI negative (P = 0.049). Of the high-level MIs, 80% had mutation in TbetaR-II, 40% in BAX and 0% in IGF-IIR. Of low-level MIs, 33% also had TbetaR-II mutation. These mutations were absent in the MI-negative cases. Of three lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas, two cases were EBV positive and MI negative, one case was EBV negative but with high-level MI. In conclusion, high-level MIs were present regardless of the EBV status, and were found in a particular clinicopathological subset of gastric carcinoma patient. Inactivation of important growth regulatory genes observed in these carcinomas confirms the importance of MI in carcinogenesis. (+info)

Characterization of a CACAG pentanucleotide repeat in Pasteurella haemolytica and its possible role in modulation of a novel type III restriction-modification system. (8/8354)

In a previous study, a recombinant plasmid that contains a CACAG pentanucleotide repeat was isolated from a Pasteurella haemolytica A1 library. Southern hybridization analysis using a (CACAG)5probe indicated the presence of two loci that contain the pentanucleotide repeats on the genome of P.haemolytica A1. Additional hybridization analyses against genomic DNA from related microorganisms indicated that the repeats are only present in P.haemolytica and Pasteurella trehalosi T3. The various serotypes of P.haemolytica werefound to have either one or two of the CACAG repeat-containing loci. Examination of the locus designated Rpt2 by PCR and sequence analysis indicated that the number of CACAG repeats could change upon serial subculture which most likely occurs as a result of DNA slipped-strand mispairing. A plasmid carrying the Rpt2 locus was isolated and characterized. Sequenceanalysis indicated that the CACAG repeats are contained within the 5'-end of a gene that showed homology to mod genes of type III restriction-modification systems. A second open reading frame downstream was identified which showed homology to res genes of type III restriction-modification systems. Both the modification and restriction proteins could be expressed and polypeptides of the expected sizes were detected by SDS-PAGE. Restriction activity could also be detected in crude cytoplasmic extracts of Escherichia coli strains carrying the mod and res genes on recombinant plasmids. (+info)

Discovered the functionality of microsatellites (simple sequence repeats) among non-coding DNA. Discovered the gene CPA1, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_for_Cellular_and_Molecular_Biology

The microsatellite (AGAT)8 is strongly repeated near the Y chromosome centromere. The Y chromosome also contains the (AC)15 ... "Karyotypic analysis and FISH mapping of microsatellite motifs reveal highly differentiated XX/XY sex chromosomes in the pink- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink-tailed_worm-lizard

Between the strand-biased microsatellite repeats and G:C mononucleotide repeats, all sequence variations retained one or two ... The most prevalent repeated sequences in the embedded microsatellite regions were CCT:AGG, CTT:AAG, CTTT:AAAG, and CCCT:AGGG. ... Variations among cloned RU sequences were characterized by the number of microsatellite repeats, and also by the lengths of C ... Four divergent domains consisted of microsatellite repeats biased in composition with purines on one strand and pyrimidines on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_DNA

SNPSTR is a database of Snpstrs (a microsatellite with one or more tightly linked SNPs). Snpstr Short tandem repeat ... a database of compound microsatellite-SNP markers". Nucleic Acids Res. England. 35 (Database issue): D71-5. doi:10.1093/nar/ ... Microsatellite Single-nucleotide polymorphism Agrafioti, I; Stumpf M P H (Jan 2007). "SNPSTR: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snptstr_(database)

A third-related finding is that frequent selection for different responses also enriches for microsatellite repeat tracts, ... His lab's work also elucidated how a mutational mechanism (microsatellite repeat slippage) plays a significant evolutionary ... Brittain, A; Stroebele, E; Erives, A (2015). "Microsatellite repeat instability fuels evolution of embryonic enhancers in ... As indels are largely produced by unstable microsatellite repeats, which are fast-evolving and difficult to genotype accurately ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Erives

Microsatellite regions are usually characterized by short, repeated sequences of nucleotides. Primers that are specific to a ... A microsatellite null allele is an allele at a microsatellite locus that does not amplify to detectable levels in a polymerase ... Paetkau, D.; Strobeck, C. (1995-08-01). "The molecular basis and evolutionary history of a microsatellite null allele in bears ... Dakin, E E; Avise, J C (2004-08-04). "Microsatellite null alleles in parentage analysis". Heredity. 93 (5): 504-509. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_allele

2001.Characterization of duck microsatellite repeat sequences. JARQ 35(4): 217-219. (in Indonesian) Sari L, Purwadaria T. 2004 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balai_Penelitian_Ternak,_Ciawi,_Bogor

However, there is no evidence of preferential transmission of AVPR1A microsatellite repeats to hypersexual or uninhibited ... The AVPR1A repeat polymorphism RS3 is a complex (CT)4-TT-(CT)8-(GT)24 repeat that is 3625 bp upstream of the transcription ... The AVPR1A repeat polymorphism RS1 is a (GATA)14 tetranucleotide repeat that is 553 bp upstream from the transcription start ... Chimpanzees populations have individuals with single (only (GT)25 microsatellite) and duplicated (the (GT)25 microsatellite as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin_receptor_1A

Some families of Helitrons also carry tandem repeats, like microsatellites and minisatellites which are generally highly ... De novo repeat identification approaches which can be used to build consensus libraries of all repeated sequences, but De novo ... A repeat-based search requires extensive manual curation to identify Helitron families, an overwhelming task in large genomes ... These approaches are limited by the quality of the genome assembly and the homogeneity of the repeats. Another approach is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helitron_(biology)

... genes with somatic frameshift mutations within coding mononucleotide repeats in colorectal tumors with high microsatellite ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGS12

These diseases are all caused by the expansion of microsatellite tandem repeats consisting of a stretch of three nucleotides. ... Prominent trinucleotide repeat disorders include Fragile X syndrome and Huntington's disease. In the case of Fragile X syndrome ... Individuals with a number of repeats that falls in the premutation range have a good chance of having affected children. Those ... With each successive generation, there is a chance that the number of repeats will expand. As this occurs, progeny can progress ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Mendelian_inheritance

2013-08-12). "Table 3: Complete Data Set of Y-Chromosomal HGs, Numbers of Repeats at 10 Microsatellite Loci, and Descriptions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazaras

Zenklusen JC, Bièche I, Lidereau R, Conti CJ (December 1994). "(C-A)n microsatellite repeat D7S522 is the most commonly deleted ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ST7

Short tandem repeats (about 5 base pairs) are called microsatellites, while longer ones are called minisatellites. The Out of ... A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) is the variation of length of a tandem repeat. A tandem repeat is the adjacent ... Tandem repeats exist on many chromosomes, and their length varies between individuals. Each variant acts as an inherited allele ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genetic_variation

Genomic regions with a high proportion of repeated DNA sequences (tandem repeats, microsatellites) are prone to strand slippage ... In long repeats, expansions may involve two or more units. For example, insertion of a single repeat unit in GAGAGA expands the ... For example, a transversion could change the simple two- base repeat [GA]10 to [GA]4GATA[GA]2. This could then be expanded to[ ... The combination of SSM events with point mutation is thought to account for the evolution of more complex repeat units. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slipped_strand_mispairing

Patel MS, Mankoo BS, Brickell PM (Apr 1992). "A polymorphic microsatellite repeat is located close to the promoter region of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGR_(gene)

Short repeats of nucleotides. Microsatellite: Very short repeats of nucleotides. Some trinucleotide repeats are found in coding ... Repeated sequences are of two basic types: unique sequences that are repeated in one area; and repeated sequences that are ... This region is a microsatellite, but its function is more specific than a simple tandem repeat. Throughout the eukaryotic ... They can be classified based on the length of the repeat as: SINE: Short interspersed sequences. The repeats are normally a few ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_chromosome_fine_structure

Elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats (EMAST) are a type of MSI where loci containing AAAG or ... Nakajima E, Orimo H, Ikejima M, Shimada T (1996). "Nine-bp repeat polymorphism in exon 1 of the hMSH3 gene". Jpn. J. Hum. Genet ... This leads to a heightened rate of microsatellite instabilities and increased rates of somatic mutations. This effect is ... 2000). "Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the hMSH3 gene and sporadic colon cancer with microsatellite ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSH3

... and microsatellites are often referred to as short tandem repeats (STRs) or simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Minisatellites ... Microsatellite Tandem repeat Telomere Minisatellite at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... Repeat turnover therefore appears to be controlled by recombinational activity in DNA that flanks the repeat array and results ... and that was subsequently identified as large centromeric tandem repeats. When shorter (10-30-bp) tandem repeats were later ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minisatellite

DNA based markers- microsatellites otherwise known as simple sequence repeats (SSR) were therefore used for the diversity ... The next 400 million years included repeated, massive biodiversity losses classified as mass extinction events. In the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity

Smaller k-mers also have the problem of not being able to resolve areas in the DNA where small microsatellites or repeats occur ... This is because most of the k-mers will sit in the repeated region and may just be discarded as repeats of the same k-mer ... Larger k-mer sizes help alleviate the problem of small repeat regions. This is due to the fact that the k-mer will contain a ... This is because smaller k-mers will tend to sit entirely within the repeat region and is therefore hard to determine the amount ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-mer

1995). "Mapping of the pulmonary surfactant SP5 (SFTP2) locus to 8p21 and characterization of a microsatellite repeat marker ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfactant_protein_C

Brinkmann B, Klintschar M, Neuhuber F, Huhne J, Rolf B (1998). "Mutation Rate in Human Microsatellites: Influence of the ... Structure and Length of the Tandem Repeat". Am J Hum Genet. 62 (6): 1408-1415. doi:10.1086/301869. PMC 1377148 . PMID 9585597. ... such as telomeres and microsatellites), caused by cellular copying errors DNA point mutations, caused by cellular copying ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternal_age_effect

A panel of 16 microsatellite short tandem repeat (STR) markers that recognizes highly variable loci of human DNA is used in a ... 1999). "The utility of short tandem repeat loci beyond human identification: implications for development of new DNA typing ... 81265 Comparative analysis using Short Tandem Repeat (STR) markers; patient and comparative specimen, and 81266 Comparative ... analysis using Short Tandem Repeat (STR) markers; each additional specimen. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) copyright ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_Specimen_Provenance_Assignment

It contains the microsatellite (short tandem repeat) profiles of 7121 individuals from various parts of the world residing or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC_codes

A short tandem repeat is a microsatellite, consisting of a unit of two to thirteen nucleotides repeated hundreds of times in a ... having a certain number of repeats at one locus does not change the likelihood of having any number of repeats at any other ... This method uses highly polymorphic regions that have short repeated sequences of DNA (the most common is 4 bases repeated, but ... A Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis is one of the most useful methods in molecular biology which is used to compare specific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STR_analysis

Microsatellites Also known as SSR (simple sequence repeats) or STR (short tandem repeats), microsatellites differ from ... Microsatellites are most commonly used in population genetics. Microsatellites have a high and complex mutation rate, which is ... Minisatellites are short sequences of tandem repeats, approximately 10-60 base pairs. Minisatellites can be used in DNA ... This property of microsatellites allows for easy isolation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular-weight_size_marker

... microsatellite markers or short tandem repeats (STRs), (4) multinucleotide polymorphisms (MNPs), (5) heterozygous sequences, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DbSNP

This gene has microsatellite repeats which are associated with the age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRRC2A

... genomics The commonly used markers include Simple sequence repeats (or microsatellites), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP ... So we want to keep genetic background of the recipient genotypes, which is done by 4-6 rounds of repeated backcrosses while ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_breeding

Single or repeated krlee or similar component of calls used in other circumstances, but this can be very variable. Alarm calls ... Hailer, F., Gautschi, B., & Helander, B. (2005). Development and multiplex PCR amplification of novel microsatellite markers in ... Studies of microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA in white-tailed eagles from north-central Europe have shown that the recovering ... This may be repeated or gain intensity until they are talon-grappling or "mutual cartwheeling", consisting of the pair locking ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-tailed_eagle

... tandem repeat），可再依單元序列的長短分為衛星序列（satellite）、小衛星序列（minisatellite）和微衛星序列（microsatellite）；分佈較為分散的是

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/分子演化

... making repeated treatments unnecessary.[49] This approach to locust control was used in Tanzania in 2009 to treat around 10,000 ... A worldwide survey in a pest plagued by microsatellite null alleles". Molecular Ecology. 17 (16): 3640-3653. doi:10.1111/j.1365 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locusts

Pang H, Soejima M, Koda Y, Kimura H (2005). "A novel tetrameric short tandem repeat located in the 3' flanking region of the ... within the microsatellite genetic map of chromosome 19". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 71 (2): 158-62. doi:10.1159/000134098. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FUT2

A Xenon Resistojet Propulsion System for Microsatellites (Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey) ... Aerobraking allows a spacecraft to reduce the high point of an elliptical orbit by repeated brushes with the atmosphere at the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion

Dodd's experiment has been easy for others to repeat. It has also been done with other fruit flies and foods.[53] ... Microsatellite variation and evolution of human lactase persistence. Human Genetics 117(4): 329-339. ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolved

A repeat indicator that was designed to be used for repeating messages over obstacles by relay devices. ... ORBCOMM and Luxspace launched the Vesselsat AIS microsatellites, one in an equatorial orbit and the other in a polar orbit ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_identification_system

Over 41,000 goats were removed during the initial hunting effort (1971-82).[145] This process was repeated until only the " ... Ciofi, Claudio; Milinkovitch, Michel C.; Gibbs, James P.; Caccone, Adalgisa; Powell, Jeffrey R. (2002). "Microsatellite ... and the repeated action over many generations has formed half-sphere depressions in the rock.[39] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galápagos_tortoise

For other abnormalities, the colonoscopy can be repeated after 1 year. Routine PET or ultrasound scanning, chest X-rays, ... a survey of current practices and re-evaluation of the role of microsatellite instability testing". Modern Pathology. 31 (11): ... If a villous polyp, a polyp ,1 centimeter or high grade dysplasia is found, it can be repeated after 3 years, then every 5 ... Mismatch repair (MMR) deficient tumours are characterized by a relatively high amount of poly-nucleotide tandem repeats.[45] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colon_cancer

Trinucleotide repeats are classified as insertion mutations[2][3] and sometimes as a separate class of mutations.[4] ... This can often happen in microsatellite regions due to the DNA polymerase slipping. Insertions can be anywhere in size from one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insertion_

This led to repeated misrepresentations or misconceptions in journalistic accounts on the topic. Popular science presentations ... a study of Y chromosome microsatellites.", Mol Biol Evol, 16 (12): 1791-98, doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026091, PMID ... But the concept of Eve caught on with the public and was repeated in a Newsweek cover story (11 January 1988 issue featured a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_Eve

"A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping". 2002. Proceedings of the National Academy of ... ingl The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats associated Cas9/sgRNA system, CRISPR) on bakteriaalsest ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneetiliselt_muundatud_toit

... mutation rates vary with base position relative to the microsatellite, repeat type, and base identity.[17] ... Microsatellite enrichment). The oligonucleotide probe hybridizes with the repeat in the microsatellite, and the probe/ ... microsatellite mutations lead to the gain or loss of an entire repeat unit, and sometimes two or more repeats simultaneously. ... Microsatellites are often referred to as short tandem repeats (STRs) by forensic geneticists and in genetic genealogy, or as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_tandem_repeats

It was proposed as a distinct subspecies on the basis of mtDNA and micro-satellite sequences that differs from the Indochinese ... It was found to have similar repeat composition to other cat genomes and an appreciably conserved synteny.[23] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger

Tandem repeats. *Satellite DNA. *Variable number tandem repeat/Minisatellite. *Short tandem repeat/Microsatellite ( ... De novo repeat identification[edit]. De novo repeat identification is an initial scan of sequence data that seeks to find the ... This method works best for tandem repeats, but can be used for dispersed repeats as well. However, it is a slow process, making ... Some k-mer approach programs use the k-mer as a base, and extend both ends of each repeated k-mer until there is no more ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposable_elements

Li, YC; Korol, AB, Fahima, T, Beiles, A, Nevo, E (2002 Dec). "Microsatellites: genomic distribution, putative functions and ... "Comparative Genomics and Molecular Dynamics of DNA Repeats in Eukaryotes". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 72 (4): ... Schlötterer, C (2000 Dec). "Microsatellite analysis indicates genetic differentiation of the neo-sex chromosomes in Drosophila ... "Characterization and Repeat Analysis of the Compact Genome of the Freshwater Pufferfish Tetraodon nigroviridis". Genome ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenoma

... at isang pagkakaibang microsatellite sa mga populasyon sa Europe, Japan, Australia, middle East at Atlantic islands.[242] ... pilohenetiko ay lumalapat din sa sobrang lawak na uri ng mga walang silbing elementong sekwensiya kabilang ang repeats, ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebolusyon

... microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA) study to date (2016) which found high divergence between Rocky Mountain and Sierra Nevada ... horns can frequently exhibit damage from repeated clashes.[24] Females exhibit a stable, nonlinear hierarchy that correlates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big-horn_sheep

Methods frequently include using microsatellites to determine gene flow and hybridization between populations. The development ... Metapopulation structure and the repeated extinctions and recolonizations can significantly affect a population's genetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_ecology

... inferred with mtDNA and microsatellite loci". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 53 (2): 556-564. doi:10.1016/j.ympev. ... Competitions were held where bets were placed on which caged chaffinch would repeat its song the greatest number of times. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaffinch

Within these new patches (sub-clones), the process may have been repeated multiple times, indicated by the still smaller ... 2004). "Frequent inactivation of PTEN by promoter hypermethylation in microsatellite instability-high sporadic colorectal ... Microsatellite shifts[30] and instability,[37] loss of heterozygosity (LOH),[35] Copy number variation (detected both by ... taking repeated tumor biopsies from patients as they develop resistance to these drugs would help to understand the tumor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_evolution_in_cancer

Within these new patches (sub-clones), the process may be repeated multiple times, indicated by the still smaller patches ... "Increased microsatellite instability and epigenetic inactivation of the hMLH1 gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma". ... Of polyps less than 10mm in size, found during colonoscopy and followed with repeat colonoscopies for 3 years, 25% were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis

This process is repeated many times, and is usually repeated a higher number of times when used with ancient DNA. Some issues ... Microsatellite DNA, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and insertion/deletion polymorphisms (INDELS) have shown that Nilo- ... "low diversity of lineage-associated Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) haplotypes" provide evidence for a "recent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeogenetics

... genes with somatic frameshift mutations within coding mononucleotide repeats in colorectal tumors with high microsatellite ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGS12

... and the results for microsatellite short tandem repeat sequences (Y-STRs). The UEP results represent the inheritance of events ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotype

This finding, together with the higher R1a-associated short tandem repeat diversity in India and Iran compared with Europe and ... The high variance of R1a1 in India (table 12), the spatial frequency distribution of R1a1 microsatellite variance clines (fig. ... which increases the likelihood of diversification and microsatellite variation.[37][38] According to Sengupta et al. (2006), "[ ... "The effective mutation rate at Y chromosome short tandem repeats, with application to human population-divergence time" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1a_

STR is short tandem repeats which are short DNA regions in the genome and are 2-6 base pairs in length. STR is common in ... Statistical analyses are used in assignment tests based on an individual's microsatellites or Amplified Fragment Length ... Friction ridge paths and the details in small areas of friction ridges are unique and never repeated. ... "nature never repeats," originating from the father of social statistics, Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet. The belief was ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_identification

Males repeat cycles of patrolling and perching as long as the male remained in the territory and was not disturbed by other ... "Isolation and cross-species characterization of polymorphic microsatellites for the orchid bee Eulaema meriana (Hymenoptera: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulaema_meriana

Microsatellite repeats synonyms, Microsatellite repeats pronunciation, Microsatellite repeats translation, English dictionary ... definition of Microsatellite repeats. n. 1. A short sequence of DNA consisting of multiple repetitions of a set of two to nine ... redirected from Microsatellite repeats). Also found in: Medical.. Related to Microsatellite repeats: Simple Sequence Repeat mi· ... Microsatellite repeats - definition of Microsatellite repeats by The Free Dictionary https://www.thefreedictionary.com/ ...

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Microsatellite+repeats

Associations of Microsatellite Repeats with chemical compounds. *We present microsatellite DNA evidence for the hypothesis that ... Gene context of Microsatellite Repeats. *In yeast, mutations in several genes, including RTH and MSH3, cause microsatellite ... High impact information on Microsatellite Repeats. *A microsatellite, DG10S478, within intron 3 of the transcription factor 7- ... diagnostic and therapeutic context of Microsatellite Repeats. *Haplotyping for these highly polymorphic microsatellites in ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/mesh/e/17206.html

... that contains a CA microsatellite repeat that is highly polymorphic, with up to 6 alleles with 12 homozygotic CA repeats ... microsatellite repeat provided by a negative link the hallmark T(H)1 cytokine. , ...

https://faroucheombre.wordpress.com/2007/05/01/microsatellite-repeat-provided-by-a-negative-link-the-hallmark-th1-cytokine-2/

In humans, COL1A2 contains two microsatellite loci: one located at the 5-flanking region is composed of poly CA and poly CG; ... Among the 15 haplotypes, 12 have a mutation at position 2284C,G and 7 at position 2292C,G. Insertions of repeated dinucleotide ... Methods: In this study, repeated dinucleotide GTn of intron 1 COL1A2 was highlighted in 55 patients with uterine fibroids (UF ... Results: Based on reference microsatellite pattern (GT)14CT(GT)3CT(GT)3, 15 haplotypes were found. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00810/full

Evaluation of tumor microsatellite instability using five quasimonomorphic mononucleotide repeats and pentaplex PCR. Download ... T25 repeat in the 3 untranslated region of the CASP2 gene: a sensitive and specific marker for microsatellite instability in ... Detection of microsatellite instability in endometrial cancer: advantages of a panel of five mononucleotide repeats over the ... Evaluation of tumor microsatellite instability using five quasimonomorphic mononucleotide repeats and pentaplex PCR.. ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/12454837/Evaluation_of_tumor_microsatellite_instability_using_five_quasimonomorphic_mononucleotide_repeats_and_pentaplex_PCR_

What is Microsatellite repeats? Meaning of Microsatellite repeats medical term. What does Microsatellite repeats mean? ... Looking for online definition of Microsatellite repeats in the Medical Dictionary? Microsatellite repeats explanation free. ... microsatellite. (redirected from Microsatellite repeats). Also found in: Dictionary.. Related to Microsatellite repeats: Simple ... and identify microsatellite repeats. Microsatellites were identified as motifs repeated at least five times.. Development and ...

https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Microsatellite+repeats

If the repeat is equal to or less than 6 bases, NTRs are named microsatellites, also known as short tandem repeats (STRs). One ... are repeating sequences of multi-base segments of DNA. ... One common example of a microsatellite is a (CA)n repeat, where ... If the repeat is equal to or less than 6 bases, NTRs are named microsatellites, also known as short tandem repeats (STRs). ... Because microsatellites are polymorphic DNA loci present throughout the genome, microsatellite genotyping is a widely accepted ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/za/en/home/life-science/sequencing/fragment-analysis/microsatellite-marker-analysis/microsatellite-short-tandem-repeat-str-analysis.html

454 pyrosequencing was used to discover repeat motifs, and seven polymorphic microsatellite-primer sets were identified. The ... These microsatellites can be utilized in studies of genetic structure, genetic diversity, and intra- and inter-subspecific ... We developed tetranucleotide-repeat microsatellite markers for the masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) complex. ...

http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/11/23153/notes

Microsatellite instability was infrequent in this series of ovarian tumors, and it was limited to endometrioid and clear cell ... Microsatellite instability analysis was assessed by evaluating three (CA)n dinucleotide repeats (D2S123, D5S346, D17S250) and ... Microsatellite instability, MLH-1 promoter hypermethylation, and frameshift mutations at coding mononucleotide repeat ... Results: Microsatellite instability was identified in only 2 of the 52 (3.8%) tumors of the initial series (1 endometrioid and ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11753956/?dopt=Abstract

Leng L., Siu E., Bucala R. (2020) Genotyping Two Promoter Polymorphisms in the MIF Gene: A −794 CATT5-8 Microsatellite Repeat ... Genotyping Two Promoter Polymorphisms in the MIF Gene: A −794 CATT5-8 Microsatellite Repeat and a −173 G/C SNP. ... Zhong X, Leng L, Beitin A et al (2005) Simulaneous detection of microsatellite repeats and SNPs in the macrophage migration ... A variable nucleotide tandem repeat at position −794 comprises five to eight CATT repeats (referred to henceforth by numbers ...

https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007%2F978-1-4939-9936-1_7

Fremeshift mutations in coding mononucleotide repeats of AXIN2 and RIZ in gastric cancers with microsatellite instability. ... Fremeshift mutations in coding mononucleotide repeats of AXIN2 and RIZ in gastric cancers with microsatellite instability ... Fremeshift mutations in coding mononucleotide repeats of AXIN2 and RIZ in gastric cancers with microsatellite instability ... Fremeshift mutations in coding mononucleotide repeats of AXIN2 and RIZ in gastric cancers with microsatellite instability ...

http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/64/7_Supplement/210.4

Microsatellite Instability Causes Repeat Expansion and WRN Dependence Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you ... Cells with MSI accumulate unstable, structure-forming (TA)n repeats resolvable by the helicase WRN. ...

https://cancerdiscovery.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2020/10/16/2159-8290.CD-RW2020-149?cdnewslink_th

... Lowe, Michael R.; Graham, J; Sund ... The aim of our study was to relate the polymorphic (AT)(n) microsatellite in the 3 untranslated sequence of the CTLA-4 gene to ... The aim of our study was to relate the polymorphic (AT)(n) microsatellite in the 3 untranslated sequence of the CTLA-4 gene to ... The aim of our study was to relate the polymorphic (AT)(n) microsatellite in the 3 untranslated sequence of the CTLA-4 gene to ...

https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/8be6ed91-fde0-42c0-8856-b5903bfbb308

... microsatellite repeats Remove constraint Subject: microsatellite repeats Start Over ... Macrocystis pyrifera; alleles; ecology; genomic libraries; loci; macroalgae; microsatellite repeats; population genetics; ... We report the isolation and characterization of 16 microsatellite loci to study the population genetics of the giant kelp, ... Markers were obtained by screening a genomic library enriched for microsatellite motifs. Of the 37 primer pairs defined, 16 ...

https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bjournal_name%5D%5B%5D=Conservation+genetics&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=loci&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=microsatellite+repeats&q=%22Coelho%2C+Nelson+C.%22&search_field=author&sort=date-desc

Microsatellites or Short Tandem Repeats (STR). Microsatellites or Short Tandem Repeats (STR). 11 March 2015. da admin Leave a ... Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are regions of the genome composed of approximately 1-5 bases and repeated up to 17 times. STR ... two or more adjacent repeats) or complex (several different length repeats). They are found on 22 autosomal chromosomes as well ... Though there have been thousands of short tandem repeats found in the human genome, only a small number are utilised in ...

http://www.scenacriminis.com/forensic-sciences/microsatellites-or-short-tandem-repeats-str/

N2 - Colorectal cancers (CRC) with microsatellite instability (MSI) have clinical, pathologic, genetic, and epigenetic features ... title = "An A13 repeat within the 3′-untranslated region of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently mutated in ... T1 - An A13 repeat within the 3′-untranslated region of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently mutated in ... An A13 repeat within the 3′-untranslated region of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently mutated in ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/an-a13-repeat-within-the-3-untranslated-region-of-epidermal-growt-4

Microsatellites containing more than 9 GGAA repeats are very significantly enriched in EWS-FLI1 immunoprecipitates. Moreover, ... Importantly, in vivo EWS-FLI1-bound microsatellites are significantly associated with EWS-FLI1-driven gene activation. Put ... in reporter gene experiments, the transcription activation is highly dependent upon the number of repeats that are included in ... together, these results point out the likely contribution of microsatellite elements to long-distance transcription regulation ...

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004932

Microsatellites are also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Microsatellite instability structure consists of repeated ... Microsatellites are repeated sequences of DNA. These sequences can be made of repeating units of one to six base pairs in ... each individual has microsatellites of a set length. The most common microsatellite in humans is a dinucleotide repeat of the ... The majority of repeats occur in untranslated regions, specifically introns. However, microsatellites that occur in coding ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsatellite_instability

Microsatellite mutation rates vary with base position relative to the microsatellite, repeat type, and base identity.[17] ... Microsatellite enrichment). The oligonucleotide probe hybridizes with the repeat in the microsatellite, and the probe/ ... microsatellite mutations lead to the gain or loss of an entire repeat unit, and sometimes two or more repeats simultaneously. ... Microsatellites are often referred to as short tandem repeats (STRs) by forensic geneticists and in genetic genealogy, or as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_tandem_repeats

Microsatellite repeat discovery. SPUTNIK detected 10,272 repeats of between two and five bases with five or more repeat units ... Microsatellite repeat discovery. Microsatellite markers remain an informative and cost-effective tool for small scale ... To detect repeats which may be screened to find polymorphic microsatellite markers in the great tit, a modified version of ... Microsatellites detected in the great tit transcriptome. an excel table listing repeats detected in the great tit assembly. ...

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-12-283

... microsatellite repeats Remove constraint Subject: microsatellite repeats Start Over ... genetic analysis, etc ; cucumbers; fruit quality; fruits; inbred lines; loci; marker-assisted selection; microsatellite repeats ... genetic analysis, etc ; Lycaon pictus; dogs; genetic variation; heterozygosity; inbreeding; microsatellite repeats; national ... genetic analysis, etc ; endangered species; genetic variation; genotyping; heterozygosity; microsatellite repeats; pioneer ...

https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bpublication_year_rev%5D%5B%5D=7981-2019&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=genetic+analysis&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=microsatellite+repeats&q=%22genetic+analysis%22&search_field=subject&sort=title

Prevalence of elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.. ... Prevalence of elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ... Prevalence of elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ... Tumors not expressing MSH3 show elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats (EMAST). EMAST ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/phgHome.action?action=forward&dbsource=huge&id=180390

... J Clin Invest. 1996 Sep 1;98(5):1095-100. doi ... To investigate this question, we used a series of 15 microsatellite loci to analyze 15 separate AH lesions microdissected from ... 59 yrs, P , 0.05) and that a subset of monoclonal lesions (4/6) demonstrated microsatellite alterations at more than one locus ... We found that a significant subset (6/15, or 40%) of these AH lesions demonstrated evidence of monoclonal microsatellite ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8787670/?dopt=Abstract

Frameshift mutations at coding mononucleotide repeat microsatellites in endometrial carcinoma with microsatellite instability. ... Frameshift mutations at coding mononucleotide repeat microsatellites in endometrial carcinoma with microsatellite instability ... Overall, frameshift mutations at i or more of these mononucleotide repeat microsatellites were found in 17 of 24 MI+ tumors ( ... Overall, frameshift mutations at i or more of these mononucleotide repeat microsatellites were found in 17 of 24 MI+ tumors ( ...

https://iris.uniroma1.it/handle/11573/78555

... microsatellite repeats; phase transition; pioneer factor; prion-like domains ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28844694?dopt=Abstract

Frameshift Mutations at Coding Mononucleotide Repeats of the hRAD50 Gene in Gastrointestinal Carcinomas with Microsatellite ... Microsatellite instability (MSI) and frameshift mutations in genes containing nucleotide repeats have been reported in a subset ... Frameshift Mutations at Coding Mononucleotide Repeats of the hRAD50 Gene in Gastrointestinal Carcinomas with Microsatellite ... Frameshift Mutations at Coding Mononucleotide Repeats of the hRAD50 Gene in Gastrointestinal Carcinomas with Microsatellite ...

https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/142826

... single repeat mutations in microsatellites. Diseases such as myotonic dystrophy and Huntingtons disease are caused by repeat ... REPEAT EXPANSION. Mutation in a repeat tract that increases the number of repeats by a large amount and that may cause a ... MICROSATELLITE (SYNOMYN, SHORT TANDEM REPEAT, STR). DNA segment consisting in the repetition 5-50 times of a motif 1-6 ... DNA polymerases tend to "slip" when copying microsatellite tracts, adding or subtracting repeat units. Given their high ...

https://jech.bmj.com/content/57/6/398.full

Frameshift mutation at mononucleotide repeat inERCC5in gastric carcinomas with microsatellite instability. Kim, Min Sung; Yoo, ... High throughput detection of microsatellite instability (MSI) in sporadic colorectal cancer by MSI COPPER denaturing high ...

https://journals.lww.com/pathologyrcpa/toc/2009/41040

Microsatellites /Tandem Repeats database. Genome: Halothermothrix orenii H 168. This database allows retrieval of precomputed ... Percentaje of mismatches allowed within the tandem repeats: 0 , 0.1 , 0.2 Position. Sequence. ... It also allows to easily design primers for amplification of a DNA fragment containing the tandem repeat. The primers may be ...

http://insilico.ehu.es/microsatellites/index2.php?g=011899

Microsatellites /Tandem Repeats database. Genome: Melissococcus plutonius ATCC 35311. This database allows retrieval of ... Percentaje of mismatches allowed within the tandem repeats: 0 , 0.1 , 0.2 Position. Sequence. ... It also allows to easily design primers for amplification of a DNA fragment containing the tandem repeat. The primers may be ... precomputed tandem repeats from the selected genome. ...

http://insilico.ehu.es/microsatellites/index2.php?g=015516

Isolation of novel microsatellite loci in Orchesella villosa (Arthropoda, Collembola). (unisi.it)
PCR primers were successfully constructed for seven loci containing, respectively, five pure, one interrupted, and one compound dinucleotide microsatellite repeats. (unisi.it)
All microsatellite loci showed high levels of polymorphism. (unisi.it)
Here we present a battery of microsatellite loci developed for Agama boulengeri , a promising model to study evolutionary and demographic processes in the Sahara-Sahel. (brill.com)
Cross-amplification of the microsatellite loci in A. agama and A. boueti was partially successful. (brill.com)
Microsatellite analysis was performed at 10 mono- and dinucleotide and eight tetranucleotide loci, in 89 bladder and 71 UTT TCC. (ox.ac.uk)
To facilitate large-scale genetic mapping of the human genome, we have developed chromosome-specific sets of microsatellite marker loci suitable for use with a fluorescence-based automated DNA fragment analyser. (edu.au)
We present 254 dinucleotide repeat marker loci (80% from the Genethon genetic linkage map) arranged into 39 sets, covering all 22 autosomes and the X chromosome. (edu.au)
Each set of microsatellites consists of up to nine marker loci, with allele size ranges that do not overlap. (edu.au)
False-negative samples are attributable to tumor heterogeneity, and next-generation sequencing results are concordant with analysis of microsatellite loci by PCR. (blogspot.com)

8.Mittal, N. & Dubey, A.K. Microsatellite markers - A new practice of DNA based markers in molecular genetics. (pharmatutor.org)
14.B. Pokhriyal, K. Thorat, D.A. Limaye, Y.M. Joshi, V.J. Kadam and Dubey R. Microsatellite Markers- A novel Tool in Molecular Genetics. (pharmatutor.org)
15.Kimberly A., Selkoe and Robert J. Toonen Microsatellites for ecologists: a practical guide to using and evaluating microsatellite markers, Ecology Letters. (pharmatutor.org)

The major characteristic that makes microsatellites as useful and powerful genetic tool is the extensive length polymorphism that first of all reflects allelic variation in the number of the tandemly arranged perfect repeats. (pharmatutor.org)

13.Grover, A. & Sharma, P.C. Is spatial occurrence of microsatellites in the genome a determinant of their function and dynamics contributing to genome evolution? (pharmatutor.org)
The association of the mutation pattern and microsatellite status was analyzed by a random forest algorithm in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validated by our in-house dataset (39 tumor mutational burden (TMB)-low MSS colon cancer, 10 TMB-high MSS colon cancer, 15 MSI colon cancer). (bmj.com)

5 single-base insertion or deletion mutations in repeats per megabase, sequencing achieves 92% sensitivity and 100% specificity for MMR-D by immunohistochemistry in a training cohort of 149 colorectal carcinomas and 91% sensitivity and 98% specificity for MMR-D in a validation cohort of 94 additional colorectal carcinomas. (blogspot.com)

A subset of colorectal tumours are due to inactivation of DNA mismatch repair genes and these tumours exhibit microsatellite instability. (edu.kz)

elevated microsatellite alterations at select tetranucleotides). (ox.ac.uk)

MSI typical of hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), is due to deficient DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and is defined with mono- and dinucleotide repeat microsatellites. (ox.ac.uk)
CIENCIASMEDICASNEWS: Detection of Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma by Targeted Next Generation Sequencing. (blogspot.com)
Mismatch repair protein deficiency (MMR-D) and high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) are features of Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal carcinomas and have implications in clinical management. (blogspot.com)

is highly polymorphic, with up to 6 alleles with 12 homozygotic CA repeats provides a negative link between IFN and bone resorption (Naive and effector memory T cells acquire polarized cytokine gene acetylation patterns in part by activating the hallmark T(H)1 cytokine, IFNG . (wordpress.com)

In a subset of 95 carcinomas with microsatellite analysis, sequencing achieves 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity for MSI-H in the combined training and validation set. (blogspot.com)

Microsatellite are generally considered as the most powerful genetic marker. (pharmatutor.org)

However, the molecular nature of microsatellite instability is not well elucidated. (bmj.com)
Methods We examined the immune microenvironment of colon cancer using assessments of the bulk transcriptome and the single-cell transcriptome focusing on molecular nature of microsatellite stability (MSS) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer from a public database. (bmj.com)

Microsatellites consist of tandemly repeated sequence, no more than 6 bases long. (pharmatutor.org)

Methods: Modifications of the allelic profiles of 25 microsatellite regions were studied in a total of 85 colorectal tumours using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology and subsequent direct analysis on an automatic sequencer. (edu.kz)
Results: Six of 39 primary tumours showed microsatellite instability compared to 0 of 29 liver metastases (P = 0.03). (edu.kz)
Distinct patterns of microsatellite instability are seen in tumours of the urinary tract. (ox.ac.uk)

Using microsatellite and mtDNA data, we examined genetic diversity, spatial differentiation, interregional gene flow, and effective population sizes in the critically endangered Saimaa ringed seal ( Phoca hispida saimensis ), which is endemic to the large but highly fragmented Lake Saimaa in southeastern Finland. (biomedcentral.com)
Bayesian assignment analyses of the microsatellite data revealed clear genetic differentiation among the main breeding areas, but interregional structuring was substantially weaker in biparentally inherited microsatellites ( F ST = 0.107) than in maternally inherited mtDNA ( F ST = 0.444), indicating a sevenfold difference in the gene flow mediated by males versus females. (biomedcentral.com)
A robust microsatellite status-related gene signature was built to predict the prognosis and differentiate between MSI and MSS tumors. (bmj.com)
A neural network using the expression profile of the microsatellite status-related gene signature was constructed. (bmj.com)
The microsatellite status-related gene signature is better at predicting the prognosis of patients with colon cancer and response to the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy and anti-VEGF therapy. (bmj.com)

Hellemans, B. & Volckaert, F.A.M. Microsatellites and their genomic distribution, evolution, function and applications: A review with special reference to fish genetics. (pharmatutor.org)

Microsatellite diversity within the subspecies ( H E = 0.36) ranks among the lowest thus far recorded within the order Pinnipedia, with signs of ongoing loss of individual heterozygosity, reflecting very low effective subpopulation sizes. (biomedcentral.com)

Since most microsatellites show a substantial level of polymorphism between individuals, microsatellites are extensively used for physical mapping in humans ( 28 ). (asm.org)
For example, fragile-X syndrome , the most common type of inherited mental retardation in humans, is caused by the repetition of up to 1,000 copies of a CGG repeat in a gene on the X chromosome . (britannica.com)

The telomeres at the ends of the chromosomes, thought to be involved in ageing / senescence , consist of repetitive DNA, with the hexanucleotide repeat motif TTAGGG in vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
Taken together with previously published studies, our results suggest that the amplification of microsatellite repeats is tightly associated with the differentiation and heterochromatinization of sex-specific chromosomes in sauropsids as well as in other taxa. (edu.au)
In order to provide additional chromosomal landmarks to discriminate the A m and A chromosomes, the microsatellite repeats (GAA) n , (CAG) n , (CAC) n , (AAC) n , (AGG) n and (ACT) n were tested as FISH probes. (elsevier.com)
The 2A m and 2A chromosomes were differentiated by the signals given by the (GAA) n , (CAG) n and (AAC) n repeats, while only (GAA) n discriminated the chromosomes 3A m and 3A. (elsevier.com)
As potential landmarks for identifying the A m chromosomes, SSR repeats will facilitate the introgression of T. monococcum chromatin into wheat. (elsevier.com)
Different Y chromosomes can carry varying numbers of repeats at a set of specific STRs, called a Y-STR haplotype. (le.ac.uk)

To evaluate MSI, a reference panel was proposed at an international consensus meeting, comprised of 2 mononucleotide (BAT-25, BAT-26) and 3 dinucleotide repeats. (unboundmedicine.com)
Microsatellite instability analysis was assessed by evaluating three (CA)n dinucleotide repeats (D2S123, D5S346, D17S250) and two mononucleotide tracts (BAT 25 and BAT 26). (nih.gov)
Dinucleotide repeats are associated with human diseases such as Norrie's disease [7] , and the expansion of trinucleotide repeats is often associated with neurodegenerative disease and chromosomal fragility , such as Huntington's disease and fragile X syndrome , respectively [8] . (bioinformatics.org)

The aim of our study was to relate the polymorphic (AT)(n) microsatellite in the 3' untranslated sequence of the CTLA-4 gene to diabetes risk. (lu.se)
Although no relationship between EGFR overexpression and the length of a CA dinucleotide repeat in intron 1 was observed, a variant A13/A14 repeat sequence within the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the EGFR gene was identified, which was mutated by either mononucleotide or dinucleotide adenosine deletions in 64% of MSI cell lines and 69% of MSI colon tumors. (elsevier.com)
For example, the sequence TATATATATA is a dinucleotide microsatellite, and GTCGTCGTCGTCGTC is a trinucleotide microsatellite (with A being Adenine , G Guanine , C Cytosine , and T Thymine ). (wikipedia.org)
Microsatellites are also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs). (wikipedia.org)
Discovered the functionality of microsatellites (simple sequence repeats) among non-coding DNA. (wikipedia.org)
One microsatellite marker in the EF3 promoter sequence of C. albicans was previously reported ( 4 ). (asm.org)
Descriptors are usually used along with the words sequence , repeat , tract or run . (bioinformatics.org)
This rearrangement is a series of multiple repeats, forming a minisatellite-like structure that comprises five direct tandem repeats of a 23-bp sequence. (plantcell.org)
Transient assays demonstrated that the 23-bp sequence motif is a target of the MYB10 protein itself, and the number of repeat units correlates with an increase in transactivation by MYB10 protein. (plantcell.org)
The sequence of TteREP1 is related to the TcREP-class of repeats found in several other trichostrongyloid species including Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus. (elsevier.com)
Destabilization of tetraplex structures of the fragile X repeat sequence (CGG)n is mediated by homolog-conserved domains in three members of the hnRNP family. (semanticscholar.org)
Posted January 21, 2010) For 627 HGDP microsatellites, these files provide sequence properties, such as the structure of the repeat motif and the GC content of the flanking region. (stanford.edu)
The program outputs a detailed annotation of the repeats that are present in the query sequence (represented by this track), as well as a modified version of the query sequence in which all the annotated repeats have been masked (generally available on the Downloads page). (ucsc.edu)
Microsatellites are regions of DNA where a short sequence is repeated in tandem with the number of repeats present varying among individuals. (usda.gov)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis indicated that intact repeats of three, four, or five GAAAAT units were responsible for observed allele size differences. (usda.gov)
or a tandem repeat (TR) is a concatenation of the same nucleotide sequence, called a unit. (psu.edu)
Flow cytometry, chromosome counts and SSR marker (Simple Sequence Repeats) analysis facilitated the identification of six different haploid lines (2n = x = 9), one aneuploid line (2n = 2x+4 = 22) and one doubled haploid plant (2n = 2x = 18) of 'Clemenules' clementine. (nih.gov)
In this study, we analyzed the influence of fragmentation and environmental changes on the population genetic structure of C. (P.) staigi using inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphisms, and the consequences for management and conservation. (fao.org)
This simple sequence repeat (SSR) was found to completely cosegregate with the ska phenotype. (jax.org)

STRs used in forensic science tend to be tetra- and penta-nucleotide repeats, as they are both robust, suffer less environmental degradation, and provide a high degree of error free data. (scenacriminis.com)

Polymerase chain reaction-based assays can reveal these novel microsatellites and provide evidence for the presence of MSI. (wikipedia.org)

We found that a significant subset (6/15, or 40%) of these AH lesions demonstrated evidence of monoclonal microsatellite alterations, both length variation and allele loss. (nih.gov)
a3) Patient showing a novel allele in tumoral sample indicating the presence of microsatellite instability (marker D11S1391 - case 15). (nih.gov)
This repeat contains nine adenines in NOD/ShiLtJ, A/HeJ, A/WySnJ, and SKH2/J and 10 adenines in A/J, and NZB/B1NJ, and likely enhances the hearing loss associated with the Cdh23 ahl allele (Johnson et al . (jax.org)
One of these offspring did not receive the entire chromosomal segment or 'haplotype' (123‐C-G-T) associated with the parent introducing the mutation into the population due to a recombination event that shuffled the 126 allele at the microsatellite locus with the C-G-T subhaplotype. (els.net)
The two offspring from both matings receive the disease mutation, G. Note that all the diseased individuals share the basic core C-G-T haplotype, but in the first mating, the repeat allele 126 is coinherited with this haplotype, whereas the repeat allele 123 is coinherited with this haplotype in the second mating. (els.net)

There are at least three pathways to colon cancer: chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability (MSI), and CpG island methylator phenotype. (aacrjournals.org)

Out of 28645 trinucleotide repeats, TAA and GAA repeats were the most abundant repeats (28.1 and 27.1%) respectively. (actahort.org)

Microsatellites in different eukaryotic genomes: survey and analysis. (bioinformatics.org)

The microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype is a characteristic of the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome as well as approximately 15% of sporadic colon and gastric tumors. (unboundmedicine.com)
Microsatellite instability is found most often in colorectal cancer, other types of gastrointestinal cancer, and endometrial cancer. (cancer.gov)

However, among eukaryote species, microsatellite repeats are more abundant and longer in vertebrates than invertebrates (Chambers and MacAvoy 2000). (thefreedictionary.com)
Most eukaryotes have microsatellites, with the notable exception of some yeast species. (wikipedia.org)
The microsatellite was the first sex-linked microsatellite from a lepidopteran species, and had the unusual property of being highly conserved among related crop pest species. (usda.gov)

The most abundant SSR tracts are the homopolymer repeats poly(dA).poly(dT) and poly(dG).poly(dC). (bioinformatics.org)

In this study, repeated dinucleotide GT n of intron 1 COL1A2 was highlighted in 55 patients with uterine fibroids (UF). (frontiersin.org)

Microsatellite instability positive ECs frequently are associated with frameshift mutations in coding mononucleotide tracts in IGFIIR, BAX, hMSH6, and hMSH3. (nih.gov)
We classified 7(7.3%) of 96 human gastric cancers (HGCs) as MSI-H. Screening this group of HGCs for frameshift mutations in coding mononucleotide repeats of AXIN2 and RIZ, we detected one sample harboring a frameshift mutation (1bp deletion) in exon7 of AXIN2 and four samples with frameshift mutations (1bp deletion) in the (A)9 tract of RIZ, and no mutations were found in the (A)8 tract. (aacrjournals.org)

Prevalence of elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (cdc.gov)

Of the 37 primer pairs defined, 16 amplified clean polymorphic microsatellites and are described. (usda.gov)

We show that the repeat motif is capable of binding MYB10 protein in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. (plantcell.org)

Anthropometric measures and the risk of endometrial cancer, overall and by tumor microsatellite status and histological subtype. (nextbio.com)

As expected for a haploid fungus, a single band was observed for each microsatellite locus for all isolates. (asm.org)

Cells with MSI accumulate unstable, structure-forming (TA) n repeats resolvable by the helicase WRN. (aacrjournals.org)
Historically, tandem repeats have been designated as non functional "junk" DNA, mostly as a result of their highly unstable nature. (mdpi.com)

A variable nucleotide tandem repeat at position −794 comprises five to eight CATT repeats (referred to henceforth by numbers from 5 to 8, rs5844572). (springer.com)

The CCTG repeat in the PSTPIP1 promoter may play a role in the pathogenesis of AA and of CD. (cdc.gov)

This report summarizes the results of our efforts to generate useful induced mutants of the Philippine banana cultivars, 'Latundan' and 'Lakatan' through irradiation, and to evaluate the usefulness of DNA marker techniques, such as RAPD, microsatellites or SSR, and AFLP, to characterize the genomic alterations in induced mutants of the two Philippine banana cultivars. (fao.org)
Microsatellite alterations are also present in the less aggressive types of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. (nih.gov)
Microsatellite alterations are important genetic events in cancer development and these alterations have been reported in the aggressive types of ATL. (nih.gov)
In this study we investigated the role of the microsatellite alterations in the pathogenesis mediated by HTLV-1 in the different types of ATL. (nih.gov)
None of the smoldering patients with microsatellite alterations progressed to aggressive ATL. (nih.gov)
These results indicate that microsatellite alterations may participate in the development of the less aggressive types of ATL. (nih.gov)

A plasmid genomic library enriched for TC/AG repeats was constructed and 1401 clones sequenced. (biomedcentral.com)

Intimate association of microsatellite repeats with retrotransposons and other dispersed repetitive elements in barley. (thefreedictionary.com)
and the same applies to tandem repetitive DNAs like microsatellites ( E llegren 2004 ) and minisatellites ( B ois 2003 ). (genetics.org)

CNS expression of murine fragile X protein (FMRP) as a function of CGG-repeat size. (semanticscholar.org)
The expanded repeat-containing RNAs could potentially induce neuron toxicity by disrupting protein and RNA homeostasis through various mechanisms. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Knowing whether cancer is microsatellite instability high may help plan the best treatment. (cancer.gov)

Therefore, microsatellite marker analysis with multiplex PCR and automated procedures has a high throughput and should be suitable for large epidemiologic studies of C. albicans . (asm.org)
In 2005 leaf samples were collected from the 52 still remaining accessions for a microsatellite (SSR) DNA marker analysis. (fao.org)

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AR049610 and HL130669 to R.B. We are grateful to the staff of the W. M. Keck Foundation DNA Sequencing Facility at Yale School of Medicine for their assistance in developing the microsatellite fragment analysis and TaqMan assay protocols. (springer.com)
A population conazole resistance alone is of concern, but widespread genetic analysis of microsatellites showed the existence of azole cross-resistance would be devastating. (cdc.gov)
Polymorphic microsatellite marker (PMM) analysis detected a total of 22 different allelic types for 35 isolates of P. marneffei with a high discriminatory power ( D = 0.956). (asm.org)

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Superimposed histologic and genetic mapping of chromosome 9 in progression of human urinary bladder neoplasia: implications for a genetic model of multistep urothelial carcinogenesis and early detection of urinary bladder cancer. (1/8354)

Level of retinoblastoma protein expression correlates with p16 (MTS-1/INK4A/CDKN2) status in bladder cancer. (2/8354)

Multiple target sites of allelic imbalance on chromosome 17 in Barrett's oesophageal cancer. (3/8354)

p73 at chromosome 1p36.3 is lost in advanced stage neuroblastoma but its mutation is infrequent. (4/8354)

Genomic organization of the KCNQ1 K+ channel gene and identification of C-terminal mutations in the long-QT syndrome. (5/8354)

Genomic structure and alterations of homeobox gene CDX2 in colorectal carcinomas. (6/8354)

Microsatellite instability, Epstein-Barr virus, mutation of type II transforming growth factor beta receptor and BAX in gastric carcinomas in Hong Kong Chinese. (7/8354)

Characterization of a CACAG pentanucleotide repeat in Pasteurella haemolytica and its possible role in modulation of a novel type III restriction-modification system. (8/8354)

No images available that match "microsatellite repeats"

Microsatellite Repeats

Dinucleotide Repeats

DNA, Satellite

Trinucleotide Repeats

Alleles

Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Genetic Markers

Microsatellite Instability

Polymorphism, Genetic

Base Sequence

Chromosome Mapping

Molecular Sequence Data

DNA Primers

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Genome

Pedigree

DNA

Genetic Variation

Tandem Repeat Sequences

Genetic Loci

Loss of Heterozygosity

Genetics, Population

DNA, Plant

Minisatellite Repeats

Genotype

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

Heterozygote

MutS Homolog 2 Protein

Genetic Linkage

Endangered Species

DNA, Neoplasm

Mutation

Base Pair Mismatch

Ankyrin Repeat

Colorectal Neoplasms

Gene Frequency

Haplotypes

DNA Mismatch Repair

Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid

Gene Flow

Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis

Phylogeny

Frameshift Mutation

DNA Sequence, Unstable

Geography

Species Specificity

Lod Score

Inverted Repeat Sequences

Models, Genetic

DNA Repeat Expansion

Genomic Instability

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing

DNA Mutational Analysis

Nuclear Proteins

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3

Phenotype

Paternity

Linkage Disequilibrium

Evolution, Molecular

Superimposed histologic and genetic mapping of chromosome 9 in progression of human urinary bladder neoplasia: implications for a genetic model of multistep urothelial carcinogenesis and early detection of urinary bladder cancer. (1/8354)

Level of retinoblastoma protein expression correlates with p16 (MTS-1/INK4A/CDKN2) status in bladder cancer. (2/8354)

Multiple target sites of allelic imbalance on chromosome 17 in Barrett's oesophageal cancer. (3/8354)

p73 at chromosome 1p36.3 is lost in advanced stage neuroblastoma but its mutation is infrequent. (4/8354)

Genomic organization of the KCNQ1 K+ channel gene and identification of C-terminal mutations in the long-QT syndrome. (5/8354)

Genomic structure and alterations of homeobox gene CDX2 in colorectal carcinomas. (6/8354)

Microsatellite instability, Epstein-Barr virus, mutation of type II transforming growth factor beta receptor and BAX in gastric carcinomas in Hong Kong Chinese. (7/8354)

Characterization of a CACAG pentanucleotide repeat in Pasteurella haemolytica and its possible role in modulation of a novel type III restriction-modification system. (8/8354)

Microsatellite repeats - definition of Microsatellite repeats by The Free Dictionary

Characterization and multiplex genotyping of alpaca tetranucleotide microsatellite markers

Isolation and characterization of nine polymorphic microsatellite markers for the deep-sea shrimp Nematocarcinus lanceopes ...

Isolation of novel microsatellite loci in Orchesella villosa (Arthropoda, Collembola). | IRIS Università degli Studi di Siena

Microsatellite Instability in Sarcoma: Fact or Fiction? : Figure 1

IJMS | Free Full-Text | Characterization of Novel Di-, Tri-, and Tetranucleotide Microsatellite Primers Suitable for Genotyping...

The Rate and Spectrum of Microsatellite Mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans and Daphnia pulex | Genetics

Microsatellite instability did not predict individual survival in sporadic stage II and III rectal cancer patients

Distinct patterns of microsatellite instability are seen in tumours of the urinary tract. - Surgical Intervention Trials Unit

Microsatellite instability and allelic imbalance in primary and secondary colorectal cancer<...

Microsatellite Marker Analysis: DNA Genotyping Core, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX

Microsatellite enrichment - Wikipedia