Microfluidics
Microfluidic Analytical Techniques
Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
Dimethylpolysiloxanes
Microtechnology
Single-Cell Analysis
Enzyme Assays
Cycloparaffins
Biosensing Techniques
Electronics
Lenses
Nanotechnology
Cell Biology
Automation, Laboratory
High-Throughput Screening Assays
Electrophoresis, Microchip
Antibodies, Immobilized
Wettability
Equipment Failure Analysis
Electrodes
Biochemical Phenomena
Surface Properties
Microchemistry
Polymers
Electrochemical Techniques
Optics and Photonics
Robotics
Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
Cell Separation
Immunoassay
Point-of-Care Systems
Calcium Carbonate
Stem Cells
The pressure-dependence of the size of extruded vesicles. (1/884)
Variations in the size of vesicles formed by extrusion through small pores are discussed in terms of a simple model. Our model predicts that the radius should decrease as the square root of the applied pressure, consistent with data for vesicles extruded under various conditions. The model also predicts dependencies on the pore size used and on the lysis tension of the vesicles being extruded that are consistent with our data. The pore size was varied by using track-etched polycarbonate membranes with average pore diameters ranging from 50 to 200 nm. To vary the lysis tension, vesicles made from POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine), mixtures of POPC and cholesterol, and mixtures of POPC and C(16)-ceramide were studied. The lysis tension, as measured by an extrusion-based technique, of POPC:cholesterol vesicles is higher than that of pure POPC vesicles whereas POPC:ceramide vesicles have lower lysis tensions than POPC vesicles. (+info)The shape parameter of liposomes and DNA-lipid complexes determined by viscometry utilizing small sample volumes. (2/884)
A minicapillary viscometer utilizing <0.5 ml of sample at a volume fraction of <0.1% is described. The calculated a/b of DPPC/DPPG multilamellar liposome was 1.14 as prolate ellipsoids and a/b of dioleoylpropyltrimethyl ammonium methylsulfate-DNA complex at a charge ratio of 4:1 (+/-) was 3.7 as prolate ellipsoids or 4.9 as oblate ellipsoids. The deviation of shape from perfect sphere is thus expressed quantitatively in more than two significant figures. In these measurement, the necessary amount of DNA is <0.5 mg. (+info)Recovery, visualization, and analysis of actin and tubulin polymer flow in live cells: a fluorescent speckle microscopy study. (3/884)
Fluorescent speckle microscopy (FSM) is becoming the technique of choice for analyzing in vivo the dynamics of polymer assemblies, such as the cytoskeleton. The massive amount of data produced by this method calls for computational approaches to recover the quantities of interest; namely, the polymerization and depolymerization activities and the motions undergone by the cytoskeleton over time. Attempts toward this goal have been hampered by the limited signal-to-noise ratio of typical FSM data, by the constant appearance and disappearance of speckles due to polymer turnover, and by the presence of flow singularities characteristic of many cytoskeletal polymer assemblies. To deal with these problems, we present a particle-based method for tracking fluorescent speckles in time-lapse FSM image series, based on ideas from operational research and graph theory. Our software delivers the displacements of thousands of speckles between consecutive frames, taking into account that speckles may appear and disappear. In this article we exploit this information to recover the speckle flow field. First, the software is tested on synthetic data to validate our methods. We then apply it to mapping filamentous actin retrograde flow at the front edge of migrating newt lung epithelial cells. Our results confirm findings from previously published kymograph analyses and manual tracking of such FSM data and illustrate the power of automated tracking for generating complete and quantitative flow measurements. Third, we analyze microtubule poleward flux in mitotic metaphase spindles assembled in Xenopus egg extracts, bringing new insight into the dynamics of microtubule assemblies in this system. (+info)Electrokinetic stretching of tethered DNA. (4/884)
During electrophoretic separations of DNA in a sieving medium, DNA molecules stretch from a compact coil into elongated conformations when encountering an obstacle and relax back to a coil upon release from the obstacle. These stretching dynamics are thought to play an important role in the separation mechanism. In this article we describe a silicon microfabricated device to measure the stretching of tethered DNA in electric fields. Upon application of an electric field, electro-osmosis generates bulk fluid flow in the device, and a protocol for eliminating this flow by attaching a polymer brush to all silicon oxide surfaces is shown to be effective. Data on the steady stretching of DNA in constant electric fields is presented. The data corroborate the approximate theory of hydrodynamic equivalence, indicating that DNA is not free-draining in the presence of both electric and nonelectric forces. Finally, these data provide the first quantitative test of a Stigter and Bustamante's detailed theory of electrophoretic stretching of DNA without adjustable parameters. The agreement between theory and experiment is good. (+info)Hydrostatic pressurization and depletion of trapped lubricant pool during creep contact of a rippled indenter against a biphasic articular cartilage layer. (5/884)
This study presents an analysis of the contact of a rippled rigid impermeable indenter against a cartilage layer, which represents a first simulation of the contact of rough cartilage surfaces with lubricant entrapment. Cartilage was modeled with the biphasic theory for hydrated soft tissues, to account for fluid flow into or out of the lubricant pool. The findings of this study demonstrate that under contact creep, the trapped lubricant pool gets depleted within a time period on the order of seconds or minutes as a result of lubricant flow into the articular cartilage. Prior to depletion, hydrostatic fluid load support across the contact interface may be enhanced by the presence of the trapped lubricant pool, depending on the initial geometry of the lubricant pool. According to friction models based on the biphasic nature of the tissue, this enhancement in fluid load support produces a smaller minimum friction coefficient than would otherwise be predicted without a lubricant pool. The results of this study support the hypothesis that trapped lubricant decreases the initial friction coefficient following load application, independently of squeeze-film lubrication effects. (+info)Millisecond kinetics on a microfluidic chip using nanoliters of reagents. (6/884)
This paper describes a microfluidic chip for performing kinetic measurements with better than millisecond resolution. Rapid kinetic measurements in microfluidic systems are complicated by two problems: mixing is slow and dispersion is large. These problems also complicate biochemical assays performed in microfluidic chips. We have recently shown (Song, H.; Tice, J. D.; Ismagilov, R. F. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 768-772) how multiphase fluid flow in microchannels can be used to address both problems by transporting the reagents inside aqueous droplets (plugs) surrounded by an immiscible fluid. Here, this droplet-based microfluidic system was used to extract kinetic parameters of an enzymatic reaction. Rapid single-turnover kinetics of ribonuclease A (RNase A) was measured with better than millisecond resolution using sub-microliter volumes of solutions. To obtain the single-turnover rate constant (k = 1100 +/- 250 s(-1)), four new features for this microfluidics platform were demonstrated: (i) rapid on-chip dilution, (ii) multiple time range access, (iii) biocompatibility with RNase A, and (iv) explicit treatment of mixing for improving time resolution of the system. These features are discussed using kinetics of RNase A. From fluorescent images integrated for 2-4 s, each kinetic profile can be obtained using less than 150 nL of solutions of reagents because this system relies on chaotic advection inside moving droplets rather than on turbulence to achieve rapid mixing. Fabrication of these devices in PDMS is straightforward and no specialized equipment, except for a standard microscope with a CCD camera, is needed to run the experiments. This microfluidic platform could serve as an inexpensive and economical complement to stopped-flow methods for a broad range of time-resolved experiments and assays in chemistry and biochemistry. (+info)Rethinking gamete/embryo isolation and culture with microfluidics. (7/884)
IVF remains one of the most exciting modern scientific developments and continues to have a tremendous impact on people's lives. Since its beginnings, scientists have studied and critically analysed the techniques in order to find ways to improve outcomes; however, little has changed with the actual technology and equipment of IVF. Semen is still processed in test tubes and fertilization and culture still occurs in culture dishes. New technological possibilities exist with the burgeoning advancement of microfluidic technology. Microfluidics is based on the behaviour of liquids in a microenvironment. Although a young field, many developments have occurred which demonstrate the potential of this technology for IVF. In this review, we briefly discuss the physical principles of microfluidics and highlight some previous utilizations of this technology, ranging from chemical analysis to cell sorting. We then present the designs and outcomes for microfluidic devices utilized thus far for each step in IVF: gamete isolation and processing, fertilization, and embryo culture. Finally, we discuss and speculate on the ultimate goal of this technology--development of a single, integrated unit for in-vitro assisted reproduction techniques. (+info)A new tool for routine testing of cellular protein expression: integration of cell staining and analysis of protein expression on a microfluidic chip-based system. (8/884)
The key benefits of Lab-on-a-Chip technology are substantial time savings via an automation of lab processes, and a reduction in sample and reagent volumes required to perform analysis. In this article we present a new implementation of cell assays on disposable microfluidic chips. The applications are based on the controlled movement of cells by pressure-driven flow in microfluidic channels and two-color fluorescence detection of single cells. This new technology allows for simple flow cytometric studies of cells in a microfluidic chip-based system. In addition, we developed staining procedures that work "on-chip," thus eliminating time-consuming washing steps. Cells and staining-reagents are loaded directly onto the microfluidic chip and analysis can start after a short incubation time. These procedures require only a fraction of the staining reagents generally needed for flow cytometry and only 30,000 cells per sample, demonstrating the advantages of microfluidic technology. The specific advantage of an on-chip staining reaction is the amount of time, cells, and reagents saved, which is of great importance when working with limited numbers of cells, e.g., primary cells or when needing to perform routine tests of cell cultures as a quality control step. Applications of this technology are antibody staining of proteins and determination of cell transfection efficiency by GFP expression. Results obtained with microfluidic chips, using standard cell lines and primary cells, show good correlation with data obtained using a conventional flow cytometer. (+info)Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the study, manipulation, and control of fluids that are geometrically constrained to a small, typically sub-millimeter scale. It combines elements from physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering to design and fabricate microscale devices that can handle and analyze small volumes of fluids, often in the range of picoliters to microliters.
In medical contexts, microfluidics has numerous applications, including diagnostic testing, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. For example, microfluidic devices can be used to perform rapid and sensitive molecular assays for detecting pathogens or biomarkers in patient samples, as well as to screen drugs and evaluate their efficacy and toxicity in vitro.
Microfluidics also enables the development of organ-on-a-chip platforms that mimic the structure and function of human tissues and organs, allowing researchers to study disease mechanisms and test new therapies in a more physiologically relevant context than traditional cell culture models. Overall, microfluidics offers significant potential for improving healthcare outcomes by enabling faster, more accurate, and more cost-effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Microfluidic analytical techniques refer to the use of microfluidics, which is the manipulation of fluids in channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers, for analytical measurements and applications. These techniques involve the integration of various functional components such as pumps, valves, mixers, and detectors onto a single chip or platform to perform chemical, biochemical, or biological analyses.
Microfluidic analytical techniques offer several advantages over traditional analytical methods, including reduced sample and reagent consumption, faster analysis times, increased sensitivity and throughput, and improved automation and portability. Examples of microfluidic analytical techniques include lab-on-a-chip devices, digital microfluidics, bead-based assays, and micro total analysis systems (μTAS). These techniques have found applications in various fields such as diagnostics, drug discovery, environmental monitoring, and food safety.
A Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) device is a microfluidic system that integrates one or several laboratory functions on a single chip of only millimeters to a few square centimeters in size. These devices are designed to handle extremely small volumes of fluids, typically in the picoliter to microliter range, and perform various analytical operations such as sample preparation, separation, detection, and analysis.
LoC devices often incorporate different components like microchannels, reservoirs, pumps, valves, sensors, and biosensors to create a miniaturized laboratory environment. They offer numerous advantages over traditional laboratory methods, including faster analysis times, lower reagent consumption, reduced cost, higher throughput, enhanced portability, and improved automation.
LoC devices have found applications in various fields, such as clinical diagnostics, point-of-care testing, drug discovery and development, environmental monitoring, and basic research in areas like cell biology, proteomics, and genomics.
Dimethylpolysiloxanes are a type of silicone-based compound that are often used as lubricants, coatings, and fluid ingredients in various industrial and consumer products. In medical terms, they can be found in some pharmaceutical and medical device formulations as inactive ingredients. They are typically included as anti-foaming agents or to improve the texture and consistency of a product.
Dimethylpolysiloxanes are made up of long chains of silicon and oxygen atoms, with methyl groups (CH3) attached to the silicon atoms. This gives them unique properties such as low toxicity, thermal stability, and resistance to oxidation and water absorption. However, some people may have allergic reactions or sensitivities to dimethylpolysiloxanes, so they should be used with caution in medical applications.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Microtechnology" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. Microtechnology generally refers to the development and application of technologies on a microscopic or tiny scale. It is used in various fields including engineering, physics, electronics, and materials science.
In the context of medicine, microtechnologies can be used in the development of medical devices, diagnostic tools, drug delivery systems, and other healthcare applications. For example, microfabrication techniques are used to create microfluidic devices for lab-on-a-chip applications, which can perform complex biochemical analyses for disease diagnosis or drug screening.
However, it's important to note that the application of microtechnologies in medicine is constantly evolving, and new developments and techniques are being explored all the time.
"Miniaturization" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. However, in a broader context, it refers to the process of creating smaller versions of something, usually with the aim of improving functionality, efficiency, or ease of use. In medicine, this concept can be applied to various fields such as medical devices, surgical techniques, and diagnostic tools.
For instance, in interventional radiology, miniaturization refers to the development of smaller and less invasive catheters, wires, and other devices used during minimally invasive procedures. This allows for improved patient outcomes, reduced recovery time, and lower risks of complications compared to traditional open surgical procedures.
Similarly, in pathology, miniaturization can refer to the use of smaller tissue samples or biopsies for diagnostic testing, which can reduce the need for more invasive procedures while still providing accurate results.
Overall, while "miniaturization" is not a medical term per se, it reflects an ongoing trend in medicine towards developing more efficient and less invasive technologies and techniques to improve patient care.
Single-cell analysis is a branch of molecular biology that involves the examination and study of individual cells to reveal their genetic, protein, and functional heterogeneity. This approach allows researchers to understand the unique behaviors and characteristics of single cells within a population, which can be crucial in understanding complex biological systems and diseases such as cancer, where cell-to-cell variability plays an important role.
Single-cell analysis techniques include next-generation sequencing, microfluidics, mass spectrometry, and imaging, among others. These methods enable the measurement of various molecular markers, including DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites, at the single-cell level. The resulting data can provide insights into cellular processes such as gene expression, signaling pathways, and cell cycle status, which can help to reveal new biological mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Overall, single-cell analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for studying complex biological systems and diseases, providing a more detailed and nuanced view of cell behavior than traditional bulk analysis methods.
Equipment design, in the medical context, refers to the process of creating and developing medical equipment and devices, such as surgical instruments, diagnostic machines, or assistive technologies. This process involves several stages, including:
1. Identifying user needs and requirements
2. Concept development and brainstorming
3. Prototyping and testing
4. Design for manufacturing and assembly
5. Safety and regulatory compliance
6. Verification and validation
7. Training and support
The goal of equipment design is to create safe, effective, and efficient medical devices that meet the needs of healthcare providers and patients while complying with relevant regulations and standards. The design process typically involves a multidisciplinary team of engineers, clinicians, designers, and researchers who work together to develop innovative solutions that improve patient care and outcomes.
An enzyme assay is a laboratory test used to measure the activity of an enzyme. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body, and they play a crucial role in many biological processes.
In an enzyme assay, researchers typically mix a known amount of the enzyme with a substrate, which is a substance that the enzyme acts upon. The enzyme then catalyzes the conversion of the substrate into one or more products. By measuring the rate at which the substrate is converted into products, researchers can determine the activity of the enzyme.
There are many different methods for conducting enzyme assays, depending on the specific enzyme and substrate being studied. Some common techniques include spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, and calorimetry. These methods allow researchers to measure changes in various properties of the reaction mixture, such as absorbance, fluorescence, or heat production, which can be used to calculate enzyme activity.
Enzyme assays are important tools in biochemistry, molecular biology, and medical research. They are used to study the mechanisms of enzymes, to identify inhibitors or activators of enzyme activity, and to diagnose diseases that involve abnormal enzyme function.
I could not find a specific medical definition for "Microchip Analytical Procedures" as it is a broad term that can refer to various analytical techniques using microchips or microfluidic devices in different scientific fields, including medicine and biology. However, I can provide some general information about microchip-based analytical procedures in the medical field.
Microchip analytical procedures typically involve the use of microfluidic devices, also known as "lab-on-a-chip" technologies, to perform rapid, automated analysis of biological samples. These microchips contain miniaturized networks of channels and chambers through which fluids can be transported and manipulated for various analytical purposes.
Some examples of medical applications of microchip analytical procedures include:
1. Molecular diagnostics: Microchips can be used to perform nucleic acid amplification (e.g., PCR) or detection assays for the identification of specific genetic sequences, such as those associated with infectious diseases or genetic disorders.
2. Protein analysis: Microchip-based immunoassays can be used to detect and quantify proteins in biological samples, which is important for diagnosing various medical conditions and monitoring disease progression.
3. Cell analysis: Microfluidic devices can be used to manipulate and analyze individual cells or populations of cells, enabling researchers to study cell behavior, function, and interactions in a high-throughput manner.
4. Drug discovery and development: Microchip analytical procedures can be used to screen and optimize drug candidates, as well as to evaluate their safety and efficacy in preclinical studies.
5. Point-of-care testing: The miniaturized and portable nature of microchips makes them suitable for use in point-of-care settings, enabling rapid and accurate diagnosis of medical conditions in resource-limited settings or in remote locations.
Overall, microchip analytical procedures offer several advantages over traditional analytical techniques, including faster analysis times, lower sample volumes, higher sensitivity and specificity, and reduced costs. These features make them valuable tools for various applications in the medical field.
Cycloparaffins, also known as naphthenes or cycloalkanes, are a type of hydrocarbon molecule that contain one or more closed rings of carbon atoms. These rings can be saturated, meaning that they contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms, and may also contain one or more alkyl substituents.
The term "cycloparaffin" is used in the context of organic chemistry and petroleum refining to describe a specific class of hydrocarbons. In medical terminology, cycloparaffins are not typically referenced directly, but they may be relevant in certain contexts, such as in discussions of industrial chemicals or environmental exposures.
Cycloparaffins can be found in various sources, including crude oil and natural gas, and they are often used as feedstocks in the production of various chemicals and materials. They are also found in some foods, such as vegetable oils and animal fats, and may be present in trace amounts in some medications or medical devices.
While cycloparaffins themselves are not typically considered to have direct medical relevance, exposure to certain types of cycloparaffins or their derivatives may be associated with various health effects, depending on the level and duration of exposure. For example, some cycloparaffin-derived chemicals have been linked to respiratory irritation, skin and eye irritation, and potential developmental toxicity. However, it is important to note that these effects are typically associated with high levels of exposure in occupational or industrial settings, rather than with normal environmental or dietary exposures.
Biosensing techniques refer to the methods and technologies used to detect and measure biological molecules or processes, typically through the use of a physical device or sensor. These techniques often involve the conversion of a biological response into an electrical signal that can be measured and analyzed. Examples of biosensing techniques include electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, and piezoelectric biosensors.
Electrochemical biosensors measure the electrical current or potential generated by a biochemical reaction at an electrode surface. This type of biosensor typically consists of a biological recognition element, such as an enzyme or antibody, that is immobilized on the electrode surface and interacts with the target analyte to produce an electrical signal.
Optical biosensors measure changes in light intensity or wavelength that occur when a biochemical reaction takes place. This type of biosensor can be based on various optical principles, such as absorbance, fluorescence, or surface plasmon resonance (SPR).
Piezoelectric biosensors measure changes in mass or frequency that occur when a biomolecule binds to the surface of a piezoelectric crystal. This type of biosensor is based on the principle that piezoelectric materials generate an electrical charge when subjected to mechanical stress, and this charge can be used to detect changes in mass or frequency that are proportional to the amount of biomolecule bound to the surface.
Biosensing techniques have a wide range of applications in fields such as medicine, environmental monitoring, food safety, and biodefense. They can be used to detect and measure a variety of biological molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, hormones, and small molecules, as well as to monitor biological processes such as cell growth or metabolism.
I believe there might be a misunderstanding in your question. "Electronics" is not a medical term, but rather a branch of physics and engineering that deals with the design, construction, and operation of electronic devices and systems. It involves the study and application of electrical properties of materials, components, and systems, and how they can be used to process, transmit, and store information and energy.
However, electronics have numerous applications in the medical field, such as in diagnostic equipment, monitoring devices, surgical tools, and prosthetics. In these contexts, "electronics" refers to the specific electronic components or systems that are used for medical purposes.
In the context of medical terminology, "lenses" generally refers to optical lenses used in various medical devices and instruments. These lenses are typically made of glass or plastic and are designed to refract (bend) light in specific ways to help magnify, focus, or redirect images. Here are some examples:
1. In ophthalmology and optometry, lenses are used in eyeglasses, contact lenses, and ophthalmic instruments to correct vision problems like myopia (nearsightedness), hypermetropia (farsightedness), astigmatism, or presbyopia.
2. In surgical microscopes, lenses are used to provide a magnified and clear view of the operating field during microsurgical procedures like ophthalmic, neurosurgical, or ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat) surgeries.
3. In endoscopes and laparoscopes, lenses are used to transmit light and images from inside the body during minimally invasive surgical procedures.
4. In ophthalmic diagnostic instruments like slit lamps, lenses are used to examine various structures of the eye in detail.
In summary, "lenses" in medical terminology refer to optical components that help manipulate light to aid in diagnosis, treatment, or visual correction.
Nanotechnology is not a medical term per se, but it is a field of study with potential applications in medicine. According to the National Nanotechnology Initiative, nanotechnology is defined as "the understanding and control of matter at the nanoscale, at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications."
In the context of medicine, nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases. Nanomedicine involves the use of nanoscale materials, devices, or systems for medical applications. These can include drug delivery systems that target specific cells or tissues, diagnostic tools that detect biomarkers at the molecular level, and tissue engineering strategies that promote regeneration and repair.
While nanotechnology holds great promise for medicine, it is still a relatively new field with many challenges to overcome, including issues related to safety, regulation, and scalability.
Cell biology is the branch of biology that deals with the study of cells, which are the basic units of life. It involves understanding the structure, function, and behavior of cells, as well as their interactions with one another and with their environment. Cell biologists may study various aspects of cellular processes, such as cell growth and division, metabolism, gene expression, signal transduction, and intracellular transport. They use a variety of techniques, including microscopy, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology, to investigate the complex and dynamic world inside cells. The ultimate goal of cell biology is to gain a deeper understanding of how cells work, which can have important implications for human health and disease.
Automation in a laboratory refers to the use of technology and machinery to automatically perform tasks that were previously done manually by lab technicians or scientists. This can include tasks such as mixing and dispensing liquids, tracking and monitoring experiments, and analyzing samples. Automation can help increase efficiency, reduce human error, and allow lab personnel to focus on more complex tasks.
There are various types of automation systems used in laboratory settings, including:
1. Liquid handling systems: These machines automatically dispense precise volumes of liquids into containers or well plates, reducing the potential for human error and increasing throughput.
2. Robotic systems: Robots can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks, such as pipetting, centrifugation, and incubation, freeing up lab personnel for other duties.
3. Tracking and monitoring systems: These systems automatically track and monitor experiments, allowing scientists to remotely monitor their progress and receive alerts when an experiment is complete or if there are any issues.
4. Analysis systems: Automated analysis systems can quickly and accurately analyze samples, such as by measuring the concentration of a particular molecule or identifying specific genetic sequences.
Overall, automation in the laboratory can help improve accuracy, increase efficiency, and reduce costs, making it an essential tool for many scientific research and diagnostic applications.
High-throughput screening (HTS) assays are a type of biochemical or cell-based assay that are designed to quickly and efficiently identify potential hits or active compounds from large libraries of chemicals or biological molecules. In HTS, automated equipment is used to perform the assay in a parallel or high-throughput format, allowing for the screening of thousands to millions of compounds in a relatively short period of time.
HTS assays typically involve the use of robotics, liquid handling systems, and detection technologies such as microplate readers, imagers, or flow cytometers. These assays are often used in drug discovery and development to identify lead compounds that modulate specific biological targets, such as enzymes, receptors, or ion channels.
HTS assays can be used to measure a variety of endpoints, including enzyme activity, binding affinity, cell viability, gene expression, and protein-protein interactions. The data generated from HTS assays are typically analyzed using statistical methods and bioinformatics tools to prioritize and optimize hit compounds for further development.
Overall, high-throughput screening assays are a powerful tool in modern drug discovery and development, enabling researchers to rapidly identify and characterize potential therapeutic agents with improved efficiency and accuracy.
Electrophoresis, Microchip is a laboratory technique that separates and analyzes mixed populations of molecules such as DNA, RNA, or proteins based on their size and electrical charge. This method uses a microchip, typically made of glass or silicon, with multiple tiny channels etched into its surface.
The sample containing the mixture of molecules is loaded into one end of the channel and an electric field is applied, causing the negatively charged molecules to migrate towards the positively charged end of the channel. The smaller or lighter molecules move faster than the larger or heavier ones, resulting in their separation as they travel through the channel.
The use of microchips allows for rapid and high-resolution separation of molecules, making it a valuable tool in various fields such as molecular biology, genetics, and diagnostics. It can be used to detect genetic variations, gene expression levels, and protein modifications, among other applications.
"Immobilized antibodies" refer to antibodies that have been fixed or attached to a solid support or surface. This is often done for use in various diagnostic and research applications, such as immunoassays, biosensors, and affinity chromatography. The immobilization of antibodies allows them to capture and detect specific target molecules (antigens) from complex samples, while remaining stationary and easily recoverable for reuse.
There are several methods for immobilizing antibodies, including physical adsorption, covalent attachment, and non-covalent entrapment. The choice of method depends on the specific application and the desired properties of the immobilized antibodies, such as stability, orientation, and accessibility.
It is important to note that the immobilization process may affect the binding affinity and specificity of the antibodies, and therefore careful optimization and validation are necessary to ensure the performance of the assay or application.
"Wettability" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a term that is more commonly used in the fields of chemistry, physics, and materials science to describe how well a liquid spreads on a solid surface. In other words, it refers to the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, which can have implications for various medical applications such as the design of medical devices or the study of biological surfaces. However, it is not a term that would typically be used in a clinical medical context.
Equipment Failure Analysis is a process of identifying the cause of failure in medical equipment or devices. This involves a systematic examination and evaluation of the equipment, its components, and operational history to determine why it failed. The analysis may include physical inspection, chemical testing, and review of maintenance records, as well as assessment of design, manufacturing, and usage factors that may have contributed to the failure.
The goal of Equipment Failure Analysis is to identify the root cause of the failure, so that corrective actions can be taken to prevent similar failures in the future. This is important in medical settings to ensure patient safety and maintain the reliability and effectiveness of medical equipment.
An electrode is a medical device that can conduct electrical currents and is used to transmit or receive electrical signals, often in the context of medical procedures or treatments. In a medical setting, electrodes may be used for a variety of purposes, such as:
1. Recording electrical activity in the body: Electrodes can be attached to the skin or inserted into body tissues to measure electrical signals produced by the heart, brain, muscles, or nerves. This information can be used to diagnose medical conditions, monitor the effectiveness of treatments, or guide medical procedures.
2. Stimulating nerve or muscle activity: Electrodes can be used to deliver electrical impulses to nerves or muscles, which can help to restore function or alleviate symptoms in people with certain medical conditions. For example, electrodes may be used to stimulate the nerves that control bladder function in people with spinal cord injuries, or to stimulate muscles in people with muscle weakness or paralysis.
3. Administering treatments: Electrodes can also be used to deliver therapeutic treatments, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for depression or deep brain stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders like Parkinson's disease. In these procedures, electrodes are implanted in specific areas of the brain and connected to a device that generates electrical impulses, which can help to regulate abnormal brain activity and improve symptoms.
Overall, electrodes play an important role in many medical procedures and treatments, allowing healthcare professionals to diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions that affect the body's electrical systems.
Biochemical phenomena refer to the chemical processes and reactions that occur within living organisms. These phenomena are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of all cells and tissues in the body. They involve a wide range of molecular interactions, including enzyme-catalyzed reactions, signal transduction pathways, and gene expression regulatory mechanisms.
Biochemical phenomena can be studied at various levels, from individual molecules to complex biological systems. They are critical for understanding the underlying mechanisms of many physiological processes, as well as the basis of various diseases and medical conditions.
Examples of biochemical phenomena include:
1. Metabolism: the chemical reactions that occur within cells to maintain life, including the breakdown of nutrients to produce energy and the synthesis of new molecules.
2. Protein folding: the process by which a protein molecule assumes its three-dimensional structure, which is critical for its function.
3. Signal transduction: the molecular mechanisms by which cells respond to external signals, such as hormones or neurotransmitters, and convert them into intracellular responses.
4. Gene expression regulation: the complex network of molecular interactions that control the production of proteins from DNA, including transcription, RNA processing, and translation.
5. Cell-cell communication: the mechanisms by which cells communicate with each other to coordinate their functions and maintain tissue homeostasis.
6. Apoptosis: the programmed cell death pathway that eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells.
7. DNA repair: the molecular mechanisms that detect and correct damage to DNA, preventing mutations and maintaining genomic stability.
Cell culture is a technique used in scientific research to grow and maintain cells from plants, animals, or humans in a controlled environment outside of their original organism. This environment typically consists of a sterile container called a cell culture flask or plate, and a nutrient-rich liquid medium that provides the necessary components for the cells' growth and survival, such as amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and hormones.
There are several different types of cell culture techniques used in research, including:
1. Adherent cell culture: In this technique, cells are grown on a flat surface, such as the bottom of a tissue culture dish or flask. The cells attach to the surface and spread out, forming a monolayer that can be observed and manipulated under a microscope.
2. Suspension cell culture: In suspension culture, cells are grown in liquid medium without any attachment to a solid surface. These cells remain suspended in the medium and can be agitated or mixed to ensure even distribution of nutrients.
3. Organoid culture: Organoids are three-dimensional structures that resemble miniature organs and are grown from stem cells or other progenitor cells. They can be used to study organ development, disease processes, and drug responses.
4. Co-culture: In co-culture, two or more different types of cells are grown together in the same culture dish or flask. This technique is used to study cell-cell interactions and communication.
5. Conditioned medium culture: In this technique, cells are grown in a medium that has been conditioned by previous cultures of other cells. The conditioned medium contains factors secreted by the previous cells that can influence the growth and behavior of the new cells.
Cell culture techniques are widely used in biomedical research to study cellular processes, develop drugs, test toxicity, and investigate disease mechanisms. However, it is important to note that cell cultures may not always accurately represent the behavior of cells in a living organism, and results from cell culture experiments should be validated using other methods.
Surface properties in the context of medical science refer to the characteristics and features of the outermost layer or surface of a biological material or structure, such as cells, tissues, organs, or medical devices. These properties can include physical attributes like roughness, smoothness, hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity, and electrical conductivity, as well as chemical properties like charge, reactivity, and composition.
In the field of biomaterials science, understanding surface properties is crucial for designing medical implants, devices, and drug delivery systems that can interact safely and effectively with biological tissues and fluids. Surface modifications, such as coatings or chemical treatments, can be used to alter surface properties and enhance biocompatibility, improve lubricity, reduce fouling, or promote specific cellular responses like adhesion, proliferation, or differentiation.
Similarly, in the field of cell biology, understanding surface properties is essential for studying cell-cell interactions, cell signaling, and cell behavior. Cells can sense and respond to changes in their environment, including variations in surface properties, which can influence cell shape, motility, and function. Therefore, characterizing and manipulating surface properties can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of cellular processes and offer new strategies for developing therapies and treatments for various diseases.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Microchemistry" is not a commonly used term in medicine. It is, however, a branch of chemistry that deals with the separation, identification, and analysis of chemical substances in minute quantities. This field can be applied in various scientific disciplines, including forensic science, environmental science, and materials science.
In the medical field, you might encounter similar concepts under terms like "microanalysis" or "clinical chemistry," which refer to the identification and measurement of chemical components in body fluids (like blood or urine) for diagnostic purposes. But again, "Microchemistry" is not a standard term used in this context.
In the context of medical definitions, polymers are large molecules composed of repeating subunits called monomers. These long chains of monomers can have various structures and properties, depending on the type of monomer units and how they are linked together. In medicine, polymers are used in a wide range of applications, including drug delivery systems, medical devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Some examples of polymers used in medicine include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL).
Electrochemical techniques are a group of analytical methods used in chemistry and biochemistry that involve the study of chemical processes that cause electrons to move. These techniques use an electrochemical cell, which consists of two electrodes (a working electrode and a counter electrode) immersed in an electrolyte solution. An electrical potential is applied between the electrodes, which drives redox reactions to occur at the electrode surfaces. The resulting current that flows through the cell can be measured and related to the concentration of analytes in the solution.
There are several types of electrochemical techniques, including:
1. Voltammetry: This technique measures the current that flows through the cell as a function of the applied potential. There are several types of voltammetry, including cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry.
2. Amperometry: This technique measures the current that flows through the cell at a constant potential.
3. Potentiometry: This technique measures the potential difference between the working electrode and a reference electrode at zero current flow.
4. Impedance spectroscopy: This technique measures the impedance of the electrical circuit formed by the electrochemical cell as a function of frequency.
Electrochemical techniques are widely used in various fields, such as environmental monitoring, pharmaceuticals, food analysis, and biomedical research. They offer several advantages, including high sensitivity, selectivity, and simplicity, making them a powerful tool for chemical analysis.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Optics and Photonics" is a broad field that encompasses various scientific and engineering disciplines. It doesn't have a specific medical definition, as it's not a term typically used in a medical context.
However, I can provide a general definition:
Optics is the study of light and its interactions with matter. This includes how light is produced, controlled, transmitted, and detected. It involves phenomena such as reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference.
Photonics, on the other hand, is a branch of optics that deals with the generation, detection, and manipulation of individual photons, the basic units of light. Photonics is often applied to technologies such as lasers, fiber optics, and optical communications.
In a medical context, these fields might be used in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications, such as endoscopes, ophthalmic devices, laser surgery, and imaging technologies like MRI and CT scans. But the terms "Optics" and "Photonics" themselves are not medical conditions or treatments.
Robotics, in the medical context, refers to the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots in medical fields. These machines are capable of performing a variety of tasks that can aid or replicate human actions, often with high precision and accuracy. They can be used for various medical applications such as surgery, rehabilitation, prosthetics, patient care, and diagnostics. Surgical robotics, for example, allows surgeons to perform complex procedures with increased dexterity, control, and reduced fatigue, while minimizing invasiveness and improving patient outcomes.
Circulating neoplastic cells (CNCs) are defined as malignant cancer cells that have detached from the primary tumor site and are found circulating in the peripheral blood. These cells have undergone genetic and epigenetic changes, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division, and can form new tumors at distant sites in the body, a process known as metastasis.
The presence of CNCs has been shown to be a prognostic factor for poor outcomes in various types of cancer, including breast, colon, and prostate cancer. The detection and characterization of CNCs can provide valuable information about the tumor's biology, aggressiveness, and response to therapy, allowing for more personalized treatment approaches.
However, the detection of CNCs is challenging due to their rarity in the bloodstream, with only a few cells present among billions of normal blood cells. Therefore, highly sensitive methods such as flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and next-generation sequencing are used for their identification and quantification.
Cell separation is a process used to separate and isolate specific cell types from a heterogeneous mixture of cells. This can be accomplished through various physical or biological methods, depending on the characteristics of the cells of interest. Some common techniques for cell separation include:
1. Density gradient centrifugation: In this method, a sample containing a mixture of cells is layered onto a density gradient medium and then centrifuged. The cells are separated based on their size, density, and sedimentation rate, with denser cells settling closer to the bottom of the tube and less dense cells remaining near the top.
2. Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS): This technique uses magnetic beads coated with antibodies that bind to specific cell surface markers. The labeled cells are then passed through a column placed in a magnetic field, which retains the magnetically labeled cells while allowing unlabeled cells to flow through.
3. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS): In this method, cells are stained with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies that recognize specific cell surface or intracellular markers. The stained cells are then passed through a laser beam, which excites the fluorophores and allows for the detection and sorting of individual cells based on their fluorescence profile.
4. Filtration: This simple method relies on the physical size differences between cells to separate them. Cells can be passed through filters with pore sizes that allow smaller cells to pass through while retaining larger cells.
5. Enzymatic digestion: In some cases, cells can be separated by enzymatically dissociating tissues into single-cell suspensions and then using various separation techniques to isolate specific cell types.
These methods are widely used in research and clinical settings for applications such as isolating immune cells, stem cells, or tumor cells from biological samples.
An immunoassay is a biochemical test that measures the presence or concentration of a specific protein, antibody, or antigen in a sample using the principles of antibody-antigen reactions. It is commonly used in clinical laboratories to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions such as infections, hormonal disorders, allergies, and cancer.
Immunoassays typically involve the use of labeled reagents, such as enzymes, radioisotopes, or fluorescent dyes, that bind specifically to the target molecule. The amount of label detected is proportional to the concentration of the target molecule in the sample, allowing for quantitative analysis.
There are several types of immunoassays, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), fluorescence immunoassay (FIA), and chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Each type has its own advantages and limitations, depending on the sensitivity, specificity, and throughput required for a particular application.
Point-of-care (POC) systems refer to medical diagnostic tests or tools that are performed at or near the site where a patient receives care, such as in a doctor's office, clinic, or hospital room. These systems provide rapid and convenient results, allowing healthcare professionals to make immediate decisions regarding diagnosis, treatment, and management of a patient's condition.
POC systems can include various types of diagnostic tests, such as:
1. Lateral flow assays (LFAs): These are paper-based devices that use capillary action to detect the presence or absence of a target analyte in a sample. Examples include pregnancy tests and rapid strep throat tests.
2. Portable analyzers: These are compact devices used for measuring various parameters, such as blood glucose levels, coagulation status, or electrolytes, using small volumes of samples.
3. Imaging systems: Handheld ultrasound machines and portable X-ray devices fall under this category, providing real-time imaging at the point of care.
4. Monitoring devices: These include continuous glucose monitors, pulse oximeters, and blood pressure cuffs that provide real-time data to help manage patient conditions.
POC systems offer several advantages, such as reduced turnaround time for test results, decreased need for sample transportation, and increased patient satisfaction due to faster decision-making and treatment initiation. However, it is essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of these tests by following proper testing procedures and interpreting results correctly.
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks and in the shells of many marine animals. As a mineral, it is known as calcite or aragonite.
In the medical field, calcium carbonate is often used as a dietary supplement to prevent or treat calcium deficiency. It is also commonly used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and relieve symptoms of heartburn, acid reflux, and indigestion.
Calcium carbonate works by reacting with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form water, carbon dioxide, and calcium chloride. This reaction helps to raise the pH level in the stomach and neutralize excess acid.
It is important to note that excessive use of calcium carbonate can lead to hypercalcemia, a condition characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood, which can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, confusion, and muscle weakness. Therefore, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.
According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), stem cells are "initial cells" or "precursor cells" that have the ability to differentiate into many different cell types in the body. They can also divide without limit to replenish other cells for as long as the person or animal is still alive.
There are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which come from human embryos, and adult stem cells, which are found in various tissues throughout the body. Embryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into all cell types in the body, while adult stem cells have more limited differentiation potential.
Stem cells play an essential role in the development and repair of various tissues and organs in the body. They are currently being studied for their potential use in the treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions, including cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and neurological disorders. However, more research is needed to fully understand the properties and capabilities of these cells before they can be used safely and effectively in clinical settings.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Great Britain" is not a medical concept or condition. It is a geographical and political term referring to the largest island in the British Isles, on which the majority of England, Scotland, and Wales are located. It's also used to refer to the political union of these three countries, which is called the United Kingdom. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition.
Microfluidics
Digital microfluidics
Open microfluidics
Droplet-based microfluidics
Paper-based microfluidics
UBC Okanagan Digital Microfluidics
Microfluidics in chemical biology
Cell culturing in open microfluidics
Cho Yoon-kyoung
Paper-based biosensor
Self-propulsion
Streaming current
Electrohydrodynamics
Electroosmotic pump
Lab-on-a-chip
Aaron Wheeler (chemist)
Hagen-Poiseuille equation
Serial time-encoded amplified microscopy
Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille
Hydraulic machinery
Electro-osmosis
Dimitris Drikakis
Suman Chakraborty
Debye length
Gore-Tex
Wax motor
Flow cytometry
Amit Agrawal
Paraffin wax
Drop (liquid)
Microfluidics - Wikipedia
Structural colour enhanced microfluidics | Nature Communications
Open-source, community-driven microfluidics with Metafluidics | Nature Biotechnology
nanoHUB.org - Tags: microfluidics
Microfluidics at NTNU - NTNU
Microfluidics go nonlinear Image TRN 060403
Course - Microfluidics - EP8989 - NTNU
Microfluidics RIKEN Hakubi Research Team | RIKEN
The Bio-Microfluidics Research Laboratory - Mechanical Engineering
Dolomite to Collaborate on EU-funded Microfluidics Tech for Stem Cells | GenomeWeb
Innovations in Microfluidics 2023 Speaker Biography
Introduction to Microfluidics: Innovate with Nanotechnology
Unconventional microfluidics: expanding the discipline - Lab on a Chip (RSC Publishing)
Microfluidics device helps diagnose sepsis in minutesRLE at MIT
Previewed at TED: Microfluidics sweat analysis from Gatorade | TED Blog
Piezo-Driven Power Ultrasonic Transducers For Sensing, Imaging, Testing, And Microfluidics
Session: #485 - Microfluidics and Small-Scale Flows III (01J00)
SELECTBIO - Innovations in Microfluidics 2024: Rapid Prototyping, 3D-Printing
Increasing access to microfluidics for studying fungi and other branched biological structures | Fungal Biology and...
SELECTBIO - Innovations in Microfluidics & SCA 2022 Co-Located Conferences
Microfluidics Professional Course (Industry registration) - Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering
Size-based sorting of hydrogel droplets using inertial microfluidics - Lab on a Chip (RSC Publishing)
Makerspaces could enable widespread adoption of microfluidics | MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Microfluidics International Corporation - Sample preparation - HC Series of Homogenizers - DKSH Product
A miniature microfluidics heat sink For high-performance chip cooling - Electronics-Lab.com
IVAM Blog - Fighting pandemics with the help of microfluidics
Affordable paper based microfluidics point of care testing device for liver function - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
Microfluidics-Based Reactors for Safe Fluorinations Using Elemental Fluorine | CHIMIA
Innovations2
- Since its inception, the discipline of microfluidics has been harnessed for innovations in the biomedicine/chemistry fields-and to great effect. (rsc.org)
- SelectBIO is delighted to welcome you to Ann Arbor, Michigan to the Innovations in Microfluidics 2024 Conference to be held May 6-7, 2024. (selectbiosciences.com)
Digital microfluidics3
- Yafia, M, & Najjaran, H. "The Effect of Changing the Gap Height on Droplet Deformation During Transport in Digital Microfluidics Systems. (asme.org)
- The objective of this paper is to characterize the droplet deformation during transport and to show how the droplet morphology changes at different gap heights in digital microfluidics systems. (asme.org)
- We evaluated the performance of a prototype rapid digital microfluidics powered (DMF) enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) assessing measles and rubella infection, by testing for immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunity from natural infection or vaccine, by testing immunoglobulin G (IgG), in outbreak settings. (cdc.gov)
Droplet2
- The latter are primarily used for research related to droplet-based microfluidics, including coalescence, drop-bubble interactions, flow in porous media or synthesis of materials. (ntnu.edu)
- Reaction engineering is an important application of droplet microfluidics. (openwetware.org)
Processes6
- Microfluidics enables single-cell manipulation and analysis, reaction volumes of nano- or picoliters (thereby reducing costs), high-throughput execution of parallel experiments, automated routine liquid handling, integration of multiple biological processes in a single system, and programmability for complex protocols. (nature.com)
- This success has had the natural side-effect of stereotyping microfluidics as a platform for medical diagnostics and miniaturized lab processes. (rsc.org)
- For this reason, this year's COMPAMED Innovation Forum was dedicated to the topic of "Microfluidics for Mobile Diagnostics and Development of Vaccines and Drugs" and presented how microfluidic processes can help, for example, to better and faster solve the red-hot challenges of a global pandemic. (ivam.de)
- Most of these new and creative designs of microfluidics-based products fail on their way to the market or arrive there after long and costly iterations of (re-)development processes. (nanotech-now.com)
- We have used the Microfluidics M-110P within the DOMINO project to study deagglomeration of nanoparticle clusters in liquids and nanoemulsification processes. (labbulletin.com)
- At the same time, the student will learn how to use microfluidics and to analyze microbial processes at the pore scale using spectroscopy. (lu.se)
Nano3
- Join us at DKSH Singapore as we collaborate with Microfluidics International to explore their high-pressure homogenizers that are leading the global nano-revolution. (dksh.com)
- Microfluidics International Corporation is a leader in the design and production of laboratory and commercial processing equipment used in the production of micro- and nano-scale materials for pharmaceutical, biotech, chemical and diverse industries. (dksh.com)
- Microfluidics, part of IDEX Corporation, are manufacturers of unique high pressure homogeniser fluid processors that are the gold standard in nano-enabled applications for uniform particle size reduction, cell disruption and nanoemulsion formation. (labbulletin.com)
Diagnostics2
Dolomite2
- NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) - UK-based microfluidics developer Dolomite said today that it will collaborate with the Danish firms Bioneer and OptoRobotix in a European Union-funded effort to develop a new stem cell handling device. (genomeweb.com)
- Dolomite Microfluidics is a brand of Blacktrace Holdings Ltd . (dolomite-microfluidics.com)
Susceptibility1
- Microfluidics for Antibiotic Susceptibility and Toxicity Testing. (cdc.gov)
Fungal4
- In this work we (1) determine the shelf-life of ready-to-use microfluidics, (2) demonstrate biofilm-like colonization on fungi, (3) describe bacterial motility on fungal hyphae (fungal highway), (4) report material-dependent bacterial-fungal colonization, (5) demonstrate germination of vacuum-sealed Arabidopsis seeds in microfluidics stored for up to 2 weeks, and (6) observe bidirectional cytoplasmic streaming in fungi. (springer.com)
- This pre-packaging approach provides a simple, one step process to initiate microfluidics in any setting for fungal studies, bacteria-fungal interactions, and other biological inquiries. (springer.com)
- This process improves access to microfluidics for controlling biological microenvironments, and further enabling visual and quantitative analysis of fungal cultures. (springer.com)
- The use of microfluidics to investigate fungal calcium carbonate precipitation at thepore scale. (lu.se)
Biotech1
- There are many companies using microfluidics to screen drugs in cells, such as the German biotech cytena and the UK company Sphere Fluidics. (labiotech.eu)
Chip4
- Microfluidics emerged in the beginning of the 1980s and is used in the development of inkjet printheads, DNA chips, lab-on-a-chip technology, micro-propulsion, and micro-thermal technologies. (wikipedia.org)
- The Microfluidics Professional Course will provide participants from industry, government laboratories, and academia, with a state-of-the-art overview and hands-on training of current and emerging microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip technologies. (utoronto.ca)
- Microfluidics can make all the difference in this race, because microfluidic components accelerate the speed of development and Lab-on-a-chip and chemical microreactors make mobile rapid tests possible and accelerate vaccine development. (ivam.de)
- The latter aim can be achieved by using a technology called microfluidics, Lab on a chip, using miniaturized devices that integrate one or several analyses into a single chip, allowing real-time visualization and characterization at the micro scale using spectroscopy. (lu.se)
Synthetic biology2
- Companies that provide basic services to the synthetic biology community use microfluidics in their technology platforms (e.g. (nature.com)
- From where I sit at the intersection of microfluidics and synthetic biology, I'm hoping our paper will be seized upon by community biolabs that would otherwise never get started with microfluidics," Carr says. (mit.edu)
Advantages2
- Advantages of open microfluidics include accessibility to the flowing liquid for intervention, larger liquid-gas surface area, and minimized bubble formation. (wikipedia.org)
- Dr. Holger Becker from microfluidic ChipShop explained that microfluidics plays a decisive role in currently sought-after molecular biological test methods such as PCR, antigen and antibody tests, and that it has the potential to offer important time advantages with regard to development speed. (ivam.de)
Fabrication3
- Lincoln Laboratory researchers propose an alternative to expensive microfluidics fabrication facilities. (mit.edu)
- The research in the group includes the design, optimization, fabrication and operation of microfluidics systems. (mpg.de)
- It provides production design rules for the major industrial fabrication technologies used in microfluidics: glass/planar processing (including integrated electrodes), polymer/injection moulding and imprint techniques. (nanotech-now.com)
Porous1
- Continuous flow microfluidics rely on the control of a steady state liquid flow through narrow channels or porous media predominantly by accelerating or hindering fluid flow in capillary elements. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanical2
- Soft matter is easily deformable when exposed to weak external fields, such as flow fields (microfluidics), mechanical forces, electric or magnetic fields, or by thermal fluctuations. (ntnu.edu)
- I am a dedicated microfluidic engineer and researcher with a strong foundation in mechanical engineering, specializing in the application of microfluidics within interdisciplinary research contexts. (lu.se)
Separation1
- Moreover, the capability of generating and combining different internal porosities enables the OM microfluidics to be used for pore-size based applications, as demonstrated by separation of biomolecular mixtures. (nature.com)
Development4
- Soft and complex matter science plays a central role in the development of innovative microfluidics, and microfluidics is an important tool in soft and complex matter research. (ntnu.edu)
- To improve access to microfluidic systems, we present the development, characterization, and implementation of a microfluidics assembly and packaging process that builds on self-priming point-of-care principles to achieve "ready-to-use microfluidics. (springer.com)
- As they scale up to take their ingenious product to market, they are seeking a Lead Microfluidics Engineer to join their Cambridge-based development team. (ecmselection.co.uk)
- As Lead Microfluidics Engineer, you would take ownership of this aspect of their system, providing technical leadership, and development of next-generation devices. (ecmselection.co.uk)
Examples2
- Examples of open microfluidics include open-channel microfluidics, rail-based microfluidics, paper-based, and thread-based microfluidics. (wikipedia.org)
- In this Focus article, we highlight notable examples of such "unconventional" microfluidics applications ( e.g. , robotics, electronics). (rsc.org)
Flows1
- In addition, open microfluidics eliminates the need to glue or bond a cover for devices, which could be detrimental to capillary flows. (wikipedia.org)
Technology6
- We have a great opportunity to expand access to new users of microfluidics technology. (mit.edu)
- Microfluidics is key technology for integrated point-of-care diagnostic cartridges and offers the potential to also combine different test methods. (ivam.de)
- Based in Cambridge, UK, Lightcast Discovery is developing microfluidics technology that automates cell screening experiments by using lasers. (labiotech.eu)
- Speaking about Microfluidics technology being used within the DOMINO project, BHR senior consultant, Dr Gül Özcan-Ta?k?n, says "We use a broad range of process devices, including in-line and batch rotor-stators, ultrasonic dispersers, stirred bead mills and mechanically agitated tanks. (labbulletin.com)
- The Microfluidics technology complements our facility really well, allowing us to cover a wider spectrum of process equipment. (labbulletin.com)
- The innovative technology solutions offered by Microfluidics are used globally in R&D and production in a wide range of industries and applications. (labbulletin.com)
Applications3
- Other applications of microfluidics in UL are connected to microreactors, process control in microfluidics and spectrophotometric analysis in flow. (ntnu.edu)
- MEMS: applications and relevance within microfluidics. (ntnu.edu)
- In recent years several microfluidics-based devices for these and other "point of use" applications have entered the market. (nanotech-now.com)
Manufacture2
- However, researchers at MIT Lincoln Laboratory have proposed an alternative that could open up opportunities for the research into, and ultimately manufacture of, microfluidics. (mit.edu)
- Press Release: Design for Manufacture Enabling a Great Leap forward for Microfluidics! (nanotech-now.com)
Prototype1
- This document is available free of charge to researchers and developers around the world who are contemplating the creation of prototype devices containing microfluidics. (nanotech-now.com)
Platforms1
- Frayling told me that Lightcast's system is unique because it is based more on software and image analysis algorithms than other microfluidics platforms. (labiotech.eu)
Content1
- Microfluidics provide controlled environments and improved optical access for real-time and high-resolution imaging studies that allow high-content and quantitative analyses. (springer.com)
Systems1
- Another advantage of open microfluidics is the ability to integrate open systems with surface-tension driven fluid flow, which eliminates the need for external pumping methods such as peristaltic or syringe pumps. (wikipedia.org)
Scalable1
- Because of the specialized expertise and facilities involved in developing microfluidic devices, the commercial sector has regarded microfluidics as an impractical R&D investment into devices whose production is not scalable to industry manufacturing. (mit.edu)
Biological2
- The microfluidics activities within this environment are directed towards molding of hydrogel beads for immobilization of biological macromolecules and cells both through the novel, versatile methods for ionotropic gelation of polysaccharides and by picoinjection. (ntnu.edu)
- To make progress in this arena, technical and logistical barriers must be overcome to more effectively deploy microfluidics in biological disciplines. (springer.com)
Experiments1
- The thoughts, both at NanoLund and at home in the apartment, always revolved around his and others' experiments in microfluidics and the process of working on his dissertation. (lu.se)
Researchers1
- And very recently, some researchers have successfully applied microfluidics to fields outside its traditional domains. (rsc.org)
Manipulation1
- Active microfluidics refers to the defined manipulation of the working fluid by active (micro) components such as micropumps or microvalves. (wikipedia.org)
Design2
- The identification of this opportunity spurred a group of leading microfluidics organisations in the "Microfluidics Consortium", to produce a "Design for Manufacturing" guideline. (nanotech-now.com)
- Microfluidics have come to this point and this Design Guide is its hallmark. (nanotech-now.com)
Analysis1
- For more than a decade, scientists have publicized the potential of microfluidics to revolutionize the test and analysis of substances ranging from water to DNA. (mit.edu)
Collaboration1
- The microfluidics tech is developed in collaboration with Epicore Biosystems . (ted.com)
Materials1
- General guidelines for choosing materials for microfluidics-based IVDs are also provided. (technologynetworks.com)
Paper1
- In paper based microfluidics, capillary elements can be achieved through the simple variation of section geometry. (wikipedia.org)
Research1
- Microfluidics is employed in single-cell research, functional metagenomics, and in vitro transcription. (ntnu.edu)
Methods1
- Here, a highly-parallel, microfluidics-based method that allows for rapid collection of force-dependent motility parameters of cytoskeletal motors with two orders of magnitude improvement in throughput compared to currently available methods is introduced. (edu.au)
Cell1
- Synthetic biologists have used microfluidics for DNA assembly, cell-free expression, and cell culture, but a combination of expense, device complexity, and reliance on custom set-ups hampers their widespread adoption. (nature.com)
Control1
- Oxygen control with microfluidics. (bvsalud.org)
Complex1
- f , g SEM images for OM microfluidics with ( f ) a complex channel and ( g ) a capillary-like pattern, respectively. (nature.com)