Ketoconazole
Clotrimazole
Antifungal Agents
Imidazoles
Candida albicans
Candida
Differential inhibitory effects of protoberberines on sterol and chitin biosyntheses in Candida albicans. (1/280)
The anti-Candida potentials of 12 Korean medicinal plants were explored: methanol extracts from Coptis rhizoma and Phellodendron amurense caused significant inhibition of growth of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis. The predominant active components of the extracts were the protoberberines berberine and palmatine; the most potent inhibition of growth was exhibited by berberine on C. krusei (MIC <4 mg/L) and palmatine on C. parapsilosis (MIC 16 mg/L). Both berberine and palmatine inhibited the in-vivo rate of incorporation of L-[methyl-14C]methionine into C-24 of ergosterol in C. albicans (50% inhibition concentration (IC50 values), 25 microM and 300 microM, respectively); this result suggests that sterol 24-methyl transferase (24-SMT) is one of the cellular targets for the antifungal activity of the protoberberines. In-vitro 24-SMT activity in microsomes from the yeast growth form of C. albicans was inhibited by both berberine (inhibition constant (Ki) 232 microM) and palmatine (Ki 257 microM) in a non-competitive manner; inhibition of 24-SMT was more marked for the mycelial form than for the yeast growth form of this organism. Palmatine inhibited chitin synthase from both the yeast and mycelial growth phases of C. albicans in a non-competitive manner (Ki 780 microM). The effects of protoberberines, extracted from established medicinal plants, on both sterol and cell wall biosyntheses in pathogenic fungi indicate that the potential of these compounds, or their semi-synthetic derivatives, as a novel class of antifungal agents should be investigated more fully. (+info)Comparison of the toxicity of fluconazole and other azole antifungal drugs to murine and human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells in vitro. (2/280)
We studied the inhibitory effects on colony formation by granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units (cfu-gm) of eight azole antifungal agents in vitro. All agents, except fluconazole, inhibited colony formation dose-dependently with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in the range of 0.78-49 micromol/L in cultures of murine and human bone marrow. For human cells, the IC50 values were 0.553 mg/L for itraconazole, 1.24 mg/L for saperconazole, 2.58 mg/L for clotrimazole, 5.33 mg/L for miconazole, 6.17 mg/L for econazole, 6.27 mg/L for ketoconazole and 8.38 mg/L for oxiconazole. The IC50 of itraconazole for human cfu-gm in vitro was similar to the plasma level of this drug recommended for systemic antifungal therapy (>0.5 mg/L) thus indicating the potential clinical relevance of our data. The IC50 of ketoconazole for human cfu-gm in vitro may be exceeded by plasma levels produced in vivo by high (> or =400 mg) doses, whereas fluconazole failed to reduce colony formation by 50% even at 100 mg/L, a concentration not reached in vivo even after extremely high doses (2000 mg/day). To most of the drugs studied, murine progenitor cells seemed to be less sensitive than the human ones. There was, however, a close correlation between the murine and human log IC50 values of the drugs (r2 = 0.964, P< 0.001), suggesting that cultures of murine bone marrow may be suitable to predict the in-vitro toxicity of azole antifungals to human cfu-gm. (+info)In-vitro resistance to azoles associated with mitochondrial DNA deficiency in Candida glabrata. (3/280)
A commercially available disk diffusion procedure was used in a large-scale study to evaluate the susceptibility of a wide range of Candida isolates to polyenes and azoles. With almost all isolates of C. glabrata resistant colonies were present within the inhibition zones for the azole compounds fluconazole, ketoconazole and miconazole, and less frequently for isoconazole, econazole and clotrimazole. Ten randomly selected isolates were cloned by limiting dilution and the susceptibility of the resulting strains to polyenes and azoles was determined. All strains presented a similar susceptibility pattern with sensitivity to polyenes and the presence of resistant colonies for all azole compounds except tioconazole. For each strain and each antifungal agent, one of these resistant colonies was subcultured and studied for antifungal susceptibility. All these colonies showed similar properties regardless of which antifungal agent allowed their selection, with increased sensitivity to polyenes and cross-resistance to the azole compounds except tioconazole. Similar results were obtained on Shadomy's modified medium and on synthetic medium. Likewise, determination of MICs by the Etest method confirmed the resistance to fluconazole. Comparative growth studies revealed a respiratory deficiency in the mutants caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions. In addition, 'petite' mutants were obtained from a wild-type strain by exposure to ethidium bromide, and these respiratory mutants were shown to be resistant to azoles. These results demonstrate the relationship between mtDNA deficiency and resistance to azoles, and provide an interesting model to study the mechanisms of action of these antifungal agents. (+info)5-Fluorocytosine antagonizes the action of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors in Candida glabrata. (4/280)
The concentration-dependent antagonistic interaction between 5-fluorocytosine and a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor (SBI) was studied using intact cells and cell-free extracts of Candida glabrata. 5-Fluorocytosine promoted incorporation of radioactivity into 4-desmethylsterols (P < 0.01), and enhanced the relative and absolute increases of ergosterol (P < 0.05) in C. glabrata incubated aerobically with an SBI (miconazole or amorolfine). Further aerobic incubation of C. glabrata with combinations of a nucleic acid or protein synthesis inhibitor (rifampicin or chlortetracycline) and an SBI (miconazole) promoted a similar increase in ergosterol biosynthesis. In contrast, 5-fluorocytosine reduced the incorporation of radioactivity into 4,4-dimethylsterols (P < 0.01), but had no obvious effect on the absolute ergosterol level in C. glabrata incubated statically with miconazole. In cell-free extracts of cultures previously incubated with 5-fluorocytosine, ergosterol synthesis was less sensitive to the action of miconazole. Antagonism between 5-fluorocytosine and the SBI is thus mediated by a reversal of inhibition of intracellular ergosterol synthesis. The possible mechanisms underlying antagonism between 5-fluorocytosine and SBIs that inhibit different sites of the sterol biosynthesis pathway, as well as its clinical relevance to combination therapy, are discussed. (+info)Pharmacological characterisation of endothelium-dependent relaxation in human radial artery: comparison with internal thoracic artery. (5/280)
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of nitric oxide/prostanoid-independent pathways to endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in human conduit arteries. METHODS: Rings of internal thoracic artery (ITA) and radial artery (RA) taken from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery were suspended in 10-ml organ baths and relaxation to carbachol and bradykinin studied in the presence and absence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors and potassium channel blockers. RESULTS: No significant relaxation to carbachol or bradykinin was observed in ITA after NOS inhibition. In contrast, in RA less than 40% attenuation of relaxation to carbachol or bradykinin was achieved with any of the NOS inhibitors. In the presence of 20 mM K+ relaxation to carbachol and bradykinin was inhibited by 28 +/- 9% and 42 +/- 9% while in the presence of L-NAME 200 microM + 20 mM K+ relaxation was inhibited by 66 +/- 6% and 70 +/- 4% respectively in this artery. Tetraethylammonium, glibenclamide, apamin and iberiotoxin had little effect on relaxation to carbachol but charybdotoxin alone and charybdotoxin plus apamin attenuated relaxation to carbachol by 23 +/- 4% and 49 +/- 9% in RA. In the presence of L-NAME 200 microM attenuation of these relaxations were increased to 60 +/- 4% and 78 +/- 4%. CONCLUSION: In ITA relaxations to carbachol and bradykinin were mediated via nitric oxide. In contrast in RA, a conduit vessel of similar diameter, both nitric oxide-dependent and independent pathways appeared to contribute to vascular relaxation. This nitric oxide-independent relaxation involved opening of Ca2+ activated potassium channel(s). The existence of alternative pathways mediating endothelium-independent relaxation could be important under pathological conditions and may contribute to the long term survival of radial artery grafts. (+info)Antifungal agents: mode of action, mechanisms of resistance, and correlation of these mechanisms with bacterial resistance. (6/280)
The increased use of antibacterial and antifungal agents in recent years has resulted in the development of resistance to these drugs. The significant clinical implication of resistance has led to heightened interest in the study of antimicrobial resistance from different angles. Areas addressed include mechanisms underlying this resistance, improved methods to detect resistance when it occurs, alternate options for the treatment of infections caused by resistant organisms, and strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of resistance. In this review, the mode of action of antifungals and their mechanisms of resistance are discussed. Additionally, an attempt is made to discuss the correlation between fungal and bacterial resistance. Antifungals can be grouped into three classes based on their site of action: azoles, which inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol (the main fungal sterol); polyenes, which interact with fungal membrane sterols physicochemically; and 5-fluorocytosine, which inhibits macromolecular synthesis. Many different types of mechanisms contribute to the development of resistance to antifungals. These mechanisms include alteration in drug target, alteration in sterol biosynthesis, reduction in the intercellular concentration of target enzyme, and overexpression of the antifungal drug target. Although the comparison between the mechanisms of resistance to antifungals and antibacterials is necessarily limited by several factors defined in the review, a correlation between the two exists. For example, modification of enzymes which serve as targets for antimicrobial action and the involvement of membrane pumps in the extrusion of drugs are well characterized in both the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. (+info)Miconazole represses CO(2)-induced pial arteriolar dilation only under selected circumstances. (7/280)
Previous experimental findings have led to the suggestion that guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) plays a permissive role in hypercapnic cerebral vasodilation. However, we recently reported that the technique used to reveal a permissive role for cGMP [cGMP repletion in the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition] created a situation where CO(2) reactivity was normalized but where different mechanisms (i.e., K(+) channels) participated in the response. In the present study, we examined whether that nascent K(+)-channel dependence is related in any way to an increase in the influence of the miconazole-inhibitable cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase pathway. Using intravital microscopy and a closed cranial window system in adult rats, we measured pial arteriolar diameters during normo- and hypercapnia, first in the absence and then in the presence of a neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibitor [7-nitroindazole (7-NI)]. This was followed by suffusion of a cGMP analog and then cGMP plus miconazole. Separate groups of rats were used to evaluate whether miconazole either alone or in the presence of 8-bromoguanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-BrcGMP) or its vehicle (0.1% ethanol) had any effect on CO(2) reactivity and whether miconazole affected K(+)-channel opener-induced dilations. Hypercapnic (arterial PCO(2), congruent with65 mmHg) pial arteriolar dilations, as expected, were reduced by 70-80% with 7-NI and restored with cGMP repletion. CO(2) reactivity was again attenuated after miconazole introduction. Miconazole, with and without 8-BrcGMP, and its vehicle had no influence on pial arteriolar CO(2) reactivity in the absence of nNOS inhibition combined with cGMP repletion. Miconazole alone also did not affect vasodilatory responses to K(+)-channel openers. Thus present results suggest that the nascent K(+)-channel dependence of the hypercapnic response found in our earlier study may be related to increased epoxygenase activity. The specific reasons why the pial arteriolar CO(2) reactivity gains a K(+)-channel and epoxygenase dependence only under conditions of nNOS inhibition and cGMP restoration remain to be identified. These findings again call into question the interpretations applied to data collected in studies evaluating potential permissive actions of cGMP or NO. (+info)Down-regulation of mammalian 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity with highly purified liposomal cholesterol. (8/280)
Chinese hamster ovary-215 cells (CHO-215) cannot synthesize C27 and C28 sterols because of a defect in the reaction that decarboxylates 4-carboxysterols [Plemenitas, A., Havel, C.M. & Watson, J.A. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 17012-17017]. Thus, CHO-215 cell growth is dependent on an exogenous metabolically functional source of cholesterol. We used CHO-215 cells to (a) determine whether highly purified (> 99.5%) cholesterol, in egg lecithin liposomes, could down-regulate derepressed 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity and if so (b) determine whether the loss in reductase catalytic activity correlated kinetically with the synthesis and accumulation of detectable oxycholesterol derivatives. Liposomal cholesterol (26-39 microM) supported maximum CHO-215 growth and initiated suppression of HMG-CoA reductase activity at concentrations greater than 50 microM. Maximum suppression (50-60%) of reductase activity was achieved with 181.3 microM liposomal cholesterol in 6 h. Also, regulatory concentrations of highly purified liposomal [3H]cholesterol were not converted (biologically or chemically) to detectable levels of oxy[3H]cholesterol derivatives during 3-6 h incubations. Lastly, a broad-spectrum cytochrome P450 inhibitor (miconazole) had no effect on liposomal cholesterol-mediated suppression of HMG-CoA reductase activity. These observations established that (a) highly purified cholesterol, incorporated into egg lecithin liposomes, can signal the down-regulation of derepressed mammalian cell HMG-CoA reductase activity and (b) if oxycholesterol synthesis was required for liposomal cholesterol-mediated down-regulation, the products had to be more potent than 24-, 25-, or 26-/27-hydroxycholesterol. (+info)Miconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections, including those affecting the skin, mouth, and vagina. According to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) database maintained by the National Library of Medicine, miconazole is classified as an imidazole antifungal agent that works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes. By disrupting the structure and function of the fungal cell membrane, miconazole can help to kill or suppress the growth of fungi, providing therapeutic benefits in patients with fungal infections.
Miconazole is available in various formulations, including creams, ointments, powders, tablets, and vaginal suppositories, and is typically applied or administered topically or vaginally, depending on the site of infection. In some cases, miconazole may also be given intravenously for the treatment of severe systemic fungal infections.
As with any medication, miconazole can have side effects and potential drug interactions, so it is important to use it under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Common side effects of miconazole include skin irritation, redness, and itching at the application site, while more serious side effects may include allergic reactions, liver damage, or changes in heart rhythm. Patients should be sure to inform their healthcare provider of any other medications they are taking, as well as any medical conditions they have, before using miconazole.
Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that is primarily used to treat various fungal infections, including those caused by dermatophytes, Candida, and pityrosporum. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a crucial component of fungal cell membranes, which leads to increased permeability and ultimately results in fungal cell death.
Ketoconazole is available as an oral tablet for systemic use and as a topical cream or shampoo for localized applications. The oral formulation is used to treat severe or invasive fungal infections, while the topical preparations are primarily indicated for skin and scalp infections, such as athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, candidiasis, and seborrheic dermatitis.
Common side effects of oral ketoconazole include nausea, vomiting, headache, and altered liver function tests. Rare but serious adverse reactions may include hepatotoxicity, adrenal insufficiency, and interactions with other medications that can affect the metabolism and elimination of drugs. Topical ketoconazole is generally well-tolerated, with local irritation being the most common side effect.
It's important to note that due to its potential for serious liver toxicity and drug-drug interactions, oral ketoconazole has been largely replaced by other antifungal agents, such as fluconazole and itraconazole, which have more favorable safety profiles. Topical ketoconazole remains a valuable option for treating localized fungal infections due to its effectiveness and lower risk of systemic side effects.
Econazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, thereby weakening the cell membrane and increasing permeability, ultimately leading to fungal cell death.
Econazole is available in various formulations, including creams, lotions, powders, and tablets. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, candidiasis (yeast infection), and other fungal skin infections.
It is important to follow the instructions of a healthcare provider when using econazole or any medication, and to report any side effects or concerns promptly.
Clotrimazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, candidiasis (yeast infection), and oral thrush. It works by inhibiting the growth of fungi that cause these infections. Clotrimazole is available in several forms, including creams, lotions, powders, tablets, and lozenges.
The medical definition of Clotrimazole is:
A synthetic antifungal agent belonging to the imidazole class, used topically to treat various fungal infections such as candidiasis, tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea versicolor. It works by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, leading to increased permeability and death of fungal cells.
Antifungal agents are a type of medication used to treat and prevent fungal infections. These agents work by targeting and disrupting the growth of fungi, which include yeasts, molds, and other types of fungi that can cause illness in humans.
There are several different classes of antifungal agents, including:
1. Azoles: These agents work by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes. Examples of azole antifungals include fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole.
2. Echinocandins: These agents target the fungal cell wall, disrupting its synthesis and leading to fungal cell death. Examples of echinocandins include caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin.
3. Polyenes: These agents bind to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, creating pores that lead to fungal cell death. Examples of polyene antifungals include amphotericin B and nystatin.
4. Allylamines: These agents inhibit squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in ergosterol synthesis. Examples of allylamine antifungals include terbinafine and naftifine.
5. Griseofulvin: This agent disrupts fungal cell division by binding to tubulin, a protein involved in fungal cell mitosis.
Antifungal agents can be administered topically, orally, or intravenously, depending on the severity and location of the infection. It is important to use antifungal agents only as directed by a healthcare professional, as misuse or overuse can lead to resistance and make treatment more difficult.
Imidazoles are a class of heterocyclic organic compounds that contain a double-bonded nitrogen atom and two additional nitrogen atoms in the ring. They have the chemical formula C3H4N2. In a medical context, imidazoles are commonly used as antifungal agents. Some examples of imidazole-derived antifungals include clotrimazole, miconazole, and ketoconazole. These medications work by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, leading to increased permeability and death of the fungal cells. Imidazoles may also have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer properties.
'Candida albicans' is a species of yeast that is commonly found in the human body, particularly in warm and moist areas such as the mouth, gut, and genital region. It is a part of the normal microbiota and usually does not cause any harm. However, under certain conditions like a weakened immune system, prolonged use of antibiotics or steroids, poor oral hygiene, or diabetes, it can overgrow and cause infections known as candidiasis. These infections can affect various parts of the body including the skin, nails, mouth (thrush), and genital area (yeast infection).
The medical definition of 'Candida albicans' is:
A species of yeast belonging to the genus Candida, which is commonly found as a commensal organism in humans. It can cause opportunistic infections when there is a disruption in the normal microbiota or when the immune system is compromised. The overgrowth of C. albicans can lead to various forms of candidiasis, such as oral thrush, vaginal yeast infection, and invasive candidiasis.
"Azoles" is a class of antifungal medications that have a similar chemical structure, specifically a five-membered ring containing nitrogen and two carbon atoms (a "azole ring"). The most common azoles used in medicine include:
1. Imidazoles: These include drugs such as clotrimazole, miconazole, and ketoconazole. They are used to treat a variety of fungal infections, including vaginal yeast infections, thrush, and skin infections.
2. Triazoles: These include drugs such as fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole. They are also used to treat fungal infections, but have a broader spectrum of activity than imidazoles and are often used for more serious or systemic infections.
Azoles work by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. This leads to increased permeability of the cell membrane, which ultimately results in fungal cell death.
While azoles are generally well-tolerated, they can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. In addition, some azoles can interact with other medications and affect liver function, so it's important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking before starting an azole regimen.
Griseofulvin is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections, including those affecting the skin, hair, and nails. It works by inhibiting the growth of fungi, particularly dermatophytes, which cause these infections. Griseofulvin can be obtained through a prescription and is available in oral (by mouth) and topical (on the skin) forms.
The primary mechanism of action for griseofulvin involves binding to tubulin, a protein necessary for fungal cell division. This interaction disrupts the formation of microtubules, which are crucial for the fungal cell's structural integrity and growth. As a result, the fungi cannot grow and multiply, allowing the infected tissue to heal and the infection to resolve.
Common side effects associated with griseofulvin use include gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), headache, dizziness, and skin rashes. It is essential to follow the prescribing physician's instructions carefully when taking griseofulvin, as improper usage may lead to reduced effectiveness or increased risk of side effects.
It is important to note that griseofulvin has limited use in modern medicine due to the development of newer and more effective antifungal agents. However, it remains a valuable option for specific fungal infections, particularly those resistant to other treatments.
'Candida' is a type of fungus (a form of yeast) that is commonly found on the skin and inside the body, including in the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina, in small amounts. It is a part of the normal microbiota and usually does not cause any problems. However, an overgrowth of Candida can lead to infections known as candidiasis or thrush. Common sites for these infections include the skin, mouth, throat, and genital areas. Some factors that can contribute to Candida overgrowth are a weakened immune system, certain medications (such as antibiotics and corticosteroids), diabetes, pregnancy, poor oral hygiene, and wearing damp or tight-fitting clothing. Common symptoms of candidiasis include itching, redness, pain, and discharge. Treatment typically involves antifungal medication, either topical or oral, depending on the site and severity of the infection.
Miconazole
Tampon
Exophiala
Pseudallescheria boydii
Econazole
Dermatophyte
Scytalidium hyalinum
CYP3A4
Pediatric gynaecology
Vulvitis
Paecilomyces marquandii
Dermatophytosis
Topical antifungal drugs
Acanthamoeba keratitis
Tinea nigra
Blastocystosis
Hydrocortisone aceponate
Fine chemical
Imidazole
Vaginal yeast infection
Janssen Pharmaceuticals
Climbazole
Ketoconazole
Candidiasis
Microsporum nanum
Vitamin K reaction
Nisin
Tinea versicolor
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis
Breastfeeding difficulties
Miconazole - Wikipedia
Miconazole Vaginal: MedlinePlus Drug Information
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Neomycin12
- We are leading manufacturer and supplier of Clobetasol, Neomycin, Miconazole Cream. (sanhouston.co.in)
- We Nextwell Pharmaceutical Pvt Ltd are a leading Manufacturer and Exporter of Clobetazol Miconazole Neomycin cream in different strengths and packing. (nextwellpharmaceutical.com)
- Catering to the ever-growing and changing requirements of our customers, we provide Chlorocresol Neomycin Miconazole Cream to our valuable clients. (nextwellpharmaceutical.com)
- CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol 0.05 % w/w + Neomycin 0.1 % w/w + Miconazole 2 % w/w is available in the form of cream packed in a tube of 20 grams. (stelonbiotech.com)
- CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole is a combination of three drugs. (stelonbiotech.com)
- CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole is the medicine called 'anti-infectives' prescribed to treat swelling, itching, and redness due to bacterial or fungal skin infections. (stelonbiotech.com)
- CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole cream effectively cures bacterial and fungal skin infections. (stelonbiotech.com)
- CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole cream is indicated for the treatment of bacterial and fungal skin infections. (stelonbiotech.com)
- It is safe to apply CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole cream. (stelonbiotech.com)
- Do not apply CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole cream in case you are allergic to any of its components. (stelonbiotech.com)
- Before taking CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole cream, inform your doctor in case you have any viral infections, acne, rosacea, or psoriasis, adrenal gland problems, skin atrophy (thinning of the skin), or liver discrepancy. (stelonbiotech.com)
- You should not use CLOMIKEN - NM: Clobetasol +Neomycin + Miconazole cream on broken skin, open wounds, or cuts. (stelonbiotech.com)
Ointment3
- An open, multi-centre study was carried out to assess the efficacy and acceptability of an ointment formulation of 2% miconazole and 1% hydrocortisone ('Daktacort') in 73 patients with eczematous lesions, with or without bacterial superinfection. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The purpose of this study is to determine whether repeated use of 0.25% miconazole nitrate ointment in newborns and infants with a yeast infection in the diaper area causes the yeast to become resistant to the drug. (drugpatentwatch.com)
- It is completely safe to use Miconazole 2% ointment cream while breastfeeding. (allgenericcure.com)
Days of treatment with miconazole1
- You should begin to feel better during the first three days of treatment with miconazole. (medlineplus.gov)
Monistat3
- Miconazole, sold under the brand name Monistat among others, is an antifungal medication used to treat ring worm, pityriasis versicolor, and yeast infections of the skin or vagina. (wikipedia.org)
- Over-the-counter Monistat (Miconazole) and prevention can also work. (medicinenet.com)
- The vaginal suppository Monistat and generic versions of this medication ( Miconazole ) will successfully treat most vaginal yeast infections. (medicinenet.com)
Clotrimazole1
- These medications include clotrimazole, miconazole, or nystatin. (cdc.gov)
Imidazole3
- Miconazole is in the imidazole family of medications. (wikipedia.org)
- Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal compound that inhibits ergosterol synthesis and fungal cell wall formation. (lktlabs.com)
- The imidazole antibiotic miconazole, that has been shown to inhibit bacterial flavohemoglobin activity, prolonged the DETA/NO-evoked growth inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
Forms of miconazole1
- More common mild side effects reported with some forms of miconazole are listed below. (optum.com)
Hydrocortisone1
- Fass environmental information for Daktacort (hydrocortisone, miconazole) for miconazole (downloaded 2018-06-27). (janusinfo.se)
Yeast infection1
- Miconazole cream may also help relieve itching and irritation caused by a vaginal yeast infection. (optum.com)
Allergic reaction2
- Has the patient ever had an allergic reaction to miconazole, Micatin or another fungal medication? (pushhealth.com)
- In rare cases, Miconazole may cause an allergic reaction, which may manifest as difficulty breathing or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. (skintots.com)
Nitrate powder1
- The solubilities of miconazole nitrate powder are 0.03% in water, 0.76% in ethanol and up to 4% in acetic acid. (wikipedia.org)
Suppository4
- Vaginal miconazole comes as a cream or suppository to be inserted into the vagina. (medlineplus.gov)
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of EE and NES released from the CVR in the presence of a single dose and multiple doses of antimycotic co-medication (miconazole nitrate suppository or cream). (drugpatentwatch.com)
- Miconazole cream and vaginal suppository are available over the counter at a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. (optum.com)
- Doctors may recommend miconazole vaginal cream or vaginal suppository for treating vaginal yeast infections . (optum.com)
Ketoconazole2
- In addition to its antifungal actions, miconazole, similarly to ketoconazole, is known to act as an antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor. (wikipedia.org)
- Ketoconazole and miconazole are antagonists of the human glucocorticoid receptor: consequences on the expression and function of the constitutive androstane receptor and the pregnane X receptor. (lktlabs.com)
Powder2
- Add Top Care Miconazole Antifungal Spray Powder, 4.6 fl oz to Favorites. (thefreshgrocer.com)
- For patients with chronic tinea pedis or tinea cruris and large body habitus or a tendency for hyperhidrosis, a miconazole powder formulation as a preventive measure may be beneficial. (medscape.com)
Medications6
- Miconazole is in a class of antifungal medications called imidazoles. (medlineplus.gov)
- tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to miconazole, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in miconazole external cream, vaginal cream, or suppositories. (medlineplus.gov)
- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves medications such as miconazole for certain conditions. (optum.com)
- Tioconazole and Miconazole are two such antifungal medications that are used to treat a variety of fungal infections. (skintots.com)
- Miconazole may interact with certain medications, so it is important to inform your doctor if you are taking any other medicines. (skintots.com)
- Tioconazole and Miconazole may interact with certain medications such as Warfarin and Cyclosporine. (skintots.com)
Generic1
- Miconazole (mi KON a zole) is a generic medication for treating vaginal yeast infections. (optum.com)
Drugs4
- This can lead to increased concentrations of drugs that are metabolized by the liver enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2C9, because miconazole inhibits these enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
- Miconazole is contraindicated for people who use certain drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4, for the reasons mentioned above: drugs that also prolong the QT interval because of potential problems with the heart rhythm ergot alkaloids statins triazolam and oral midazolam sulfonamides with a potential to cause hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) Miconazole inhibits the fungal enzyme 14α-sterol demethylase, resulting in a reduced production of ergosterol. (wikipedia.org)
- Miconazole belongs to a group of drugs called antifungals. (optum.com)
- Miconazole can inhibit the metabolism of drugs that are broken down by the liver (enzymes cytochrome P450 2C9 and 3A4). (eliveragroup.com)
Candida1
- Miconazole is clinically used to treat fungal infections and is especially active against Candida. (lktlabs.com)
Ingredients1
- Do not use this medication if you are allergic to miconazole or any ingredients of the medication. (pharmachoice.com)
Medication3
- FamilyWize currently offers a reusable miconazole nitrate coupon good for up to 80% off your medication. (familywize.org)
- Medication Search: Miconazole by Taro Pharmaceuticals Inc. (pharmachoice.com)
- Miconazole is also an antifungal medication that is used to treat a variety of fungal infections. (skintots.com)
Athlete's3
- Miconazole is used externally for the treatment of ringworm, jock itch, and athlete's foot. (wikipedia.org)
- Miconazole nitrate is used to treat certain fungal skin infections, including jock itch, athlete's foot, and ringworm. (familywize.org)
- Miconazole is used to treat a variety of fungal infections such as athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, and yeast infections. (skintots.com)
Formulation1
- Fuji Hunt also includes miconazole as a final rinse additive in their formulation of the C-41RA rapid access color negative developing process. (wikipedia.org)
Tablets1
- citation needed] Oral treatment: (brand names Daktarin in UK, Fungimin Oral Gel in Bangladesh):[citation needed] In 2010, the US Food and Drug Administration approved Oravig (miconazole) buccal tablets for the local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, more commonly known as thrush, in adults and children age 16 and older. (wikipedia.org)
Sulphate3
- Otikfree Ear Drops (Miconazole Nitrate/Prednisolone Acetate/Polymyxin B Sulphate) is an ear drop given to pets to treat a variety of health conditions, including otis externa, fungal based infections, ear mites, and dermatitis. (unitedpharmacies.com)
- Never share Otikfree Ear Drops (Miconazole Nitrate/Prednisolone Acetate/Polymyxin B Sulphate) with other animals unless it has been specifically recommended for them and you know correct dosage to give. (unitedpharmacies.com)
- Otikfree Ear Drops (Miconazole Nitrate/Prednisolone Acetate/Polymyxin B Sulphate) is a typically well tolerated and there are few adverse effects every reported. (unitedpharmacies.com)
Pharmacist1
- Please talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you have the impression that the effect of Miconazole is too strong or too weak. (eliveragroup.com)
Redness1
- Some common side effects of Miconazole include itching, burning, and redness at the site of application. (skintots.com)
Ethanol1
- Three X-ray crystal structures of miconazole are com-pared: the pure solvent-free form, the ethanol monosolvate form and the hemihydrate form. (iucr.org)
Suppositories2
- Continue using miconazole vaginal cream or suppositories even if you get your period during treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
- Miconazole vaginal cream, ovules, or suppositories should be inserted high into the vagina once daily using the applicator(s) provided for 1, 3, or 7 days, depending on the specific product being used. (pharmachoice.com)
Interactions2
- These interactions are not relevant for miconazole that is applied to the skin. (wikipedia.org)
- For details about this side effect, see the "Interactions and warnings for miconazole" section. (optum.com)
Itching and discomfort1
- If this is the first time you have had vaginal itching and discomfort, talk to a doctor before using miconazole. (medlineplus.gov)
Side Effects4
- Miconazole may cause mild or serious side effects. (optum.com)
- More common mild side effects of miconazole and its serious side effects are listed below. (optum.com)
- These side effects may differ based on the form of miconazole you choose. (optum.com)
- To learn more about miconazole's side effects based on the form, refer to the prescribing information for miconazole listed in the "Resources" section. (optum.com)
Topical1
- Therefore, miconazole should be completely removed before using any other topical drug. (eliveragroup.com)
Creams1
- Antifungal creams such as miconazole may be helpful if yeast or fungus is present in the affected areas as well. (msdmanuals.com)
Oral gel2
- Miconazole is partly absorbed in the intestinal tract when used orally, as with the oral gel, and possibly when used vaginally. (wikipedia.org)
- The name of your medicine is Daktarin Oral Gel and its active ingredient is miconazole. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Manufacturer1
- To reduce this price further, be sure to use miconazole nitrate coupons from the manufacturer. (familywize.org)
Bacterial1
- When miconazole was combined with polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN), in order to increase the bacterial wall permeability, DETA/NO caused a prolonged bacteriostatic response that lasted for up to 24 h. (biomedcentral.com)
Discomfort1
- McKesson antifungal Cream is a 2% Miconazole Nitrate Cream that relieves itching, cracking, scaling and discomfort associated with jock itch, ringworm and athletes foot. (senior.com)
Treatment4
- you should know that condoms and diaphragms may be weakened if they are used during your treatment with vaginal miconazole. (medlineplus.gov)
- Continue treatment with miconazole even if you are menstruating. (pharmachoice.com)
- The signs of the fungal disease usually subside significantly within the first 7 days of starting treatment with miconazole. (eliveragroup.com)
- If you stop treatment with miconazole too early, it is possible for the fungal infection to come back. (eliveragroup.com)
Combination1
- An NO-donor in combination with miconazole and PMBN showed enhanced antimicrobial effects and proved effective against multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing uropathogenic E. coli . (biomedcentral.com)
India1
- The antifungal Miconazole 2% cream is manufactured by Cipla in India. (allgenericcure.com)
Infants1
- Miconazole is used in infants, children and adults. (eliveragroup.com)