Mice, Knockout

Phenotype

Gene Knockout Techniques

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Knockout mouse

International Knockout Mouse Consortium

Conditional gene knockout

Gene knockout

Transgene

History of genetic engineering

Genetic engineering

Genetically modified mouse

Wrch1

PDCD10

MYD88

TTLL3

SMS (gene)

TRPC4AP

RG9MTD2

Sequestosome 1

MPGES-2

DDX27

Ephrin A1

SLC35F1

PRMT8

BPIFA3

TPD52L2

STX8

PRMT1

DCTN5

GATC (gene)

CAPRIN2

SPTBN1

NDUFS3

Nucleoporin 85

GABRA4

Uteroglobin

Cell cycle

RBMX

PF-4840154

LECT2

LDL receptor

Sigma-1 receptor

Embryonic hemoglobin

Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase

Dock11

GLI2

Inbreeding

Animal psychopathology

CENTG2

Interleukin 25

Juno (protein)

DNA-PKcs

Laboratory rat

Stop Online Piracy Act

Motion perception

GPR55

Sex-chromosome dosage compensation

GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator

Cyagen Knockout Catalog Models2

• As Cyagen Knockout Catalog Models repository has been growing, it is necessary to manually check whether the strain you need is in the recent resource bank construction plan. (cyagen.com)
• The Cyagen Knockout Catalog Models repository provides a searchable listing of over 16k mouse strains in more than 20 research fields, including oncology, cardiology, and neurology. (cyagen.com)

C57BL3

• Male ELA-2 KO and C57BL/6 mice were treated with the ACE inhibitor enalapril or saline for 10 days. (nih.gov)
• In the present study, alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor knockout (alpha(2A)-KO) mice and their C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) controls were used to assess the glucoregulatory role of the alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor subtype in vivo. (abo.fi)
• In this study we investigated the importance of the genetic background of the mouse strains on which the P2X7 knock-out models were based by comparing bone status of a new BALB/cJ P2X7(-/-) strain with a previous one based on the C57BL/6 strain. (regionh.dk)

Gene10

• We investigated the effect of disrupting the gene encoding for the NK1 receptor in mice on the clinical and neuroinflammatory response in this model. (gla.ac.uk)
• The Eif2s1 gene is located on mouse chromosome 12. (cyagen.com)
• You can quickly query the required genetically engineered global knockout (KO) mouse, conditional knockout (cKO/floxed) mouse and microRNA KO mouse strains by simply entering the gene name. (cyagen.com)
• Aqp-1 Gene Knockout Attenuates Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension of Mice. (bvsalud.org)
• Gene targeting is extensively used to generate designer mouse mutants and to study gene function in vivo. (cytgen.com)
• To study gene function in adult mice and in selected cell types, a refined strategy for conditional gene inactivation has been developed that relies on the DNA recombinase Cre and its recognition (loxP) sites. (cytgen.com)
• CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology has considerably facilitated the generation of mouse knockout alleles, relieving many of the cumbersome and time-consuming steps of traditional mouse ES cell technology. (cytgen.com)
• Generation of gene-modified mice via Cas9/RNA-mediated gene targeting, Cell Res. (cytgen.com)
• To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. (bvsalud.org)
• The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. (bvsalud.org)

Neuronal1

• Con respecto a los modelos animales en TEA, muchos estudios se centran en la ex- presión génica, la migración y maduración neuronal cortical y los déficits de la red neuronal, pero muy pocos son los estudios que relacionen directamente la comuni- cación oral animal y la expresión génica en áreas corticales del lenguaje. (bvsalud.org)

CRISPR-Cas93

• With the advent of CRISPR/Cas9 as a mouse genome modification tool, we assessed the efficiency of using this method in creating conditional targeted alleles in three genes, phosphatase and actin regulator 1 (Phactr1), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA1), and actin-related protein T2 (Actrt2). (cytgen.com)
• Even though overall success rate was low about 2.5% - we show that it s possible to reliably generate conditional knockout alleles using CRISPR/Cas9 on a consistent basis. (cytgen.com)
• GOLOVKO ANDREI, ADAMS JOHN, GUO HUIPING, BALLARD JOHNATHAN, GONZALES AMY, MORPURGO BEN Consistent Production of Mice With Conditional Knockout Alleles by CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing Using Two Guides/Two Oligos Approach, Tsitol Genet. (cytgen.com)

Conditional2

• However, the generation of conditional knockout alleles remains an important challenge. (cytgen.com)
• An earlier study reported up to 16% efficiency in generating conditional knockout alleles in mice using 2 single guide RNAs (sgRNA) and 2 single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssODN), which has been questioned by another report combining data from multiple transgenic cores. (cytgen.com)

Vivo3

• Nogo-A knockout (KO) mice show enhanced regenerative growth in vivo, even though it is less pronounced than after acute antibody-mediated neutralization of Nogo-A. Residual inhibition may involve a compensatory component. (unibas.ch)
• Consistently, in vivo, Nogo-A/EphA4 double KO mice show increased axonal sprouting and regeneration after spinal cord injury as compared with EphA4 KO mice. (unibas.ch)
• We directly address the in vivo metabolic consequences of genetic ablation of Cav-3 in mice as it relates to insulin action, glucose metabolism, and lipid homeostasis. (researchwithrutgers.com)

Phenotype5

• To explore the mechanisms of this dissociated phenotype, we treated infected NK1-/- mice with antagonists to NK2 and NK3 receptors, either singly or in combination. (gla.ac.uk)
• Col4a3 -/- mice show a relevant Alport syndrome phenotype at 6 weeks of age. (qpsneuro.com)
• In conclusion, we have shown that the genetic background of P2X7(-/-) mice strongly influences the bone phenotype of the P2X7(-/-) mice and that P2X7 has a more significant regulatory role in bone remodeling than found in previous studies. (regionh.dk)
• Guanidinoacetate-N-methyltransferase-knockout (GAMT-/-) mice represent a new model of profoundly altered cardiac energetics, showing undetectable levels of PCr and creatine and accumulation of the precursor (phospho-)guanidinoacetate (P-GA). To characterize the role of a substantially impaired CK/PCr system in heart, we studied the cardiac phenotype of wild-type (WT) and GAMT-/- mice. (ox.ac.uk)
• However, when acutely stressed by inotropic stimulation or ischemia/reperfusion, GAMT-/- mice exhibit a markedly abnormal phenotype, demonstrating that an intact, high-capacity CK/PCr system is required for situations of increased cardiac work or acute stress. (ox.ac.uk)

Chimeric mice2

• This process has traditionally relied on the complex process involving genome editing in embryonic stem (ES) cells despite its limitations, including incorrect targeting or cassette structure, and difficulties with germline transmission of the allele from chimeric mice. (cytgen.com)
• Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. (bvsalud.org)

Decreases2

• Studies using hyperinsulinemiceuglycemic clamps revealed that Cav-3 null mice exhibited 20% and 40% decreases in insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake and whole body glycogen synthesis, respectively. (researchwithrutgers.com)
• Whole body insulin resistance was mostly attributed to 20% and 40% decreases in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and glucose metabolic flux in the skeletal muscle of Cav-3 null mice. (researchwithrutgers.com)

Analyses2

• QPS Neuropharmacology is ready to provide samples (e. g. kidney) from Col4a3 -/- mice for analyses in your laboratory. (qpsneuro.com)
• 5. Brand,a, C.S. and Dymecki, S.M., Talking about a revolution: the impact of site-specific recombinases on genetic analyses in mice, Dev. (cytgen.com)

Mechanisms1

• Due to compensatory genetic mechanisms, knockout status cannot be guaranteed and will have to be confirmed by the customer. (taconic.com)

Genetic2

• Knockout mice that harbor a null allele in their germline provide appropriate genetic models of inherited diseases and often exhibit embryonic or early postnatal lethality. (cytgen.com)
• nOPV2 was demonstrated to be safe and well-tolerated, have noninferior immunogenicity, and have superior genetic stability compared with Sabin monovalent type 2 (as measured by preservation of the primary attenuation site [domain V in the 5' noncoding region] and significantly lower neurovirulence of fecally shed vaccine virus in transgenic mice) ( 3 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)

Abnormalities3

• Altogether, our results indicate complex abnormalities in glutamate receptors and associated proteins in several brain regions of the FXS knockout mouse. (fraxa.org)
• If the abnormalities found in the FXS mouse are also present in boys with the disorder, our data will serve as a basis for designing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for intellectual and behavioral problems in FXS. (fraxa.org)
• Although complexin 2 knockout (Cplx2-/-) mice are overtly normal, they show significant abnormalities in cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. (shu.ac.uk)

Genes4

• One-step generation of mice carrying mutations in multiple genes by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering, Cell, 2013, vol. 153, pp. 910 918. (cytgen.com)
• Un método común de producir genes alterados utilizando la tecnología del ADN RECOMBINAdo es alterar la secuencia normal del ADN del gen en estudio para impedir la síntesis del producto normal del gen. (bvsalud.org)
• Los ratones knockout se utilizan como MODELOS ANIMALES EXPERIMENTALES para diversas enfermedades (MODELOS ANIMALES DE ENFERMEDADES) y para esclarecer las funciones de los genes. (bvsalud.org)
• Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes. (bvsalud.org)

Models3

• The knockout models are designed to be null alleles. (taconic.com)
• The powerful database offers you a more convenient experience by streamlining the process of identifying KO mouse models and ordering them for research. (cyagen.com)
• Cyagen subdivides different mouse models into applied research fields and provides detailed information about the backgrounds and associated applications of the models to help simplify the model selection process. (cyagen.com)

Behavioral3

• To better understand the intellectual and behavioral problems observed in boys with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), we have been conducting studies on several brain regions of the FXS knockout mouse. (fraxa.org)
• We found that cyclin D2-/- mice had robust and sustained loss of long-term memory in two separate behavioral tasks, Morris water maze (MWM) and touchscreen intermediate pattern separation. (ox.ac.uk)
• Comprehensive behavioral analysis of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (Tdo2) knockout mice. (cdc.gov)

Significantly reduced2

• While none of these antagonist treatments altered the clinical score, combined treatment with the NK2 and NK3 antagonists significantly reduced the neuroinflammatory grading score in the NK1-/- mice. (gla.ac.uk)
• In addition, insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic glucose production was significantly reduced in Cav-3 null mice, indicating hepatic insulin resistance. (researchwithrutgers.com)

Diseases1

• Dr. Marica Bakovic at the University of Guelph has developed a novel mouse model, which offers a unique opportunity to study disease progression, and examine various therapies and nutraceuticals that may positively impact obesity, MetS, diabetes, and other related cardiovascular diseases. (uoguelph.ca)

Injection2

• RESULTS: The mean FAEE concentration (pmol/g) detected in the liver of cftr mice following injection with 2 g/kg of ethanol was significantly greater than the amount detected in WT (p (lvhn.org)
• Generation of mutant mice by pronuclear injection of circular plasmid expressing Cas9 and single guided RNA, Sci. (cytgen.com)

0.0011

• 0.001), and reversed the behavioural deficits seen in Cplx2-/- mice. (shu.ac.uk)

Wild-type5

• METHODS: Cystic fibrosis (CF) and wild-type (WT) mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1, 2, or 3 g/kg of 50% ethanol. (lvhn.org)
• EphrinA3 and EphA4, in the intact spinal cord of adult Nogo-A KO vs. wild-type (WT) mice. (unibas.ch)
• At age 2 mo, Cav-3 null mice are significantly larger than wild-type mice, and display significant postprandial hyperinsulinemia, whole body insulin resistance, and whole body glucose intolerance. (researchwithrutgers.com)
• However, after 15 min of acute insulin stimulation, Cav-3 null mice show dramatically reduced levels of the insulin receptor protein, compared with wild-type mice treated identically. (researchwithrutgers.com)
• This study was tocompare BAT activity in RAGE knock out (Ager-/-, RKO) and wild-type (WT) mice after treated with HFD or LFD. (who.int)

Insulin5

• In spite of a tendency for slightly decreased insulin sensitivity in alpha(2A)-KO mice, glucose tolerance in alpha(2A)-KO mice was significantly better than in WT mice. (abo.fi)
• However, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was not increased in alpha(2A)-KO mice compared to WT controls. (abo.fi)
• These results suggest that lack of inhibitory pancreatic beta-cell alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor function results in hyperinsulinaemia, reduced blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance in alpha(2A)-KO mice, and demonstrate a key role for the alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor in adrenergic regulation of blood glucose and insulin homeostasis. (abo.fi)
• Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in white adipose tissue, which does not express Cav-3, was decreased by ∼70% in Cav-3 null mice, suggestive of an insulin-resistant state for this tissue. (researchwithrutgers.com)
• During fasting, Cav-3 null mice possess normal insulin receptor protein levels in their skeletal muscle. (researchwithrutgers.com)

Deficits3

• Cyclin D2-knock-out mice with attenuated dentate gyrus neurogenesis have robust deficits in long-term memory formation. (ox.ac.uk)
• Importantly, cyclin D2-/- mice did not show deficits in learning acquisition in a touchscreen paradigm of intermediate pattern separation or MWM platform location, indicating intact short-term memory. (ox.ac.uk)
• Further evaluation of cyclin D2-/- mice is necessary to confirm that deficits are specifically linked to dentate gyrus neurogenesis since cyclin D2-/- mice also have a reduced size of the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cerebellum and cortex besides reduced dentate gyrus neurogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)

Strain1

• For most lines, the mouse ES cells used in generating the model are of the 129S5 strain. (taconic.com)

Abnormal1

• Here we show that Cplx2-/- mice also have disturbances in emotional behaviours that include abnormal social interactions and depressive-like behaviour. (shu.ac.uk)

Induction2

• After induction of PTRE, NK1-/- mice showed a significant reduction in clinical impairment compared with NK1+/+ mice, but the severity of the neuroinflammatory response was significantly greater in NK1-/- mice. (gla.ac.uk)
• Intratracheal instillation of mice with silica induced apoptosis in the lung of p53+/+ mice, whereas this induction was significantly inhibited in p53-/- mice. (cdc.gov)

Lung1

• Primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells , primary mouse lung endothelial cells , and lung tissue sections from HPH model were used. (bvsalud.org)

Study3

• In this study, we sought to investigate the role of ACE inhibition in hemodynamic and autonomic balance in elastase-2 knockout (ELA-2 KO) mice. (nih.gov)
• QPS Neuropharmacology offers a custom-tailored study design for Col4a3 -/- mice, and we are flexible to accommodate your special interests. (qpsneuro.com)
• Approach and Results- Aqp1 knockout mice were used, and HPH model was established in this study. (bvsalud.org)

Normal1

• 0.05) and incomplete resynthesis of P-GA. CONCLUSIONS: GAMT-/- mice do not develop hypertrophy and show normal cardiac function at low workload, suggesting that a fully functional CK/PCr system is not essential under resting conditions. (ox.ac.uk)

Research1

• With a $143,000 grant from FRAXA Research Foundation from 2004-2006, Drs. Walter Kaufmann, Richard Huganier, Paul Worley, and David Lieberman at Johns Hopkins University studied the molecular dynamics of mGluRs in areas involved in cognition in the Fragile X knockout mouse. (fraxa.org)

Function2

• Altogether, this data suggested that ACE played a role in the maintenance of hemodynamic function in ELA-2 KO mice. (nih.gov)
• Systolic and diastolic function, measured invasively (left ventricular conductance catheter) and noninvasively (MRI), were similar for WT and GAMT-/- mice. (ox.ac.uk)

Present1

• Col4A3 -/- mice present an increased immunoreactive area of smooth muscle actin that can be reduced to almost baseline levels by Ramipril treatment (Fig. 1). (qpsneuro.com)

Production2

• Cas9, gRNA and ssDNA will be co-injected into fertilized eggs with high throughput electroporation for cKO mouse production. (cyagen.com)
• Ethanol administration to cystic fibrosis knockout mice results in increased fatty acid ethyl ester production. (lvhn.org)

Background1

• A minimum of four (4) mutant mice, heterozygous for the selected mutation on a mixed 129S5;B6 background. (taconic.com)

Significant2

• ACE inhibition caused a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure (117±2.2 vs 100±2.8 mmHg) and an increase in heart rate (570±32 vs 655±15 bpm) in ELA-2 KO mice. (nih.gov)
• Since neurotransmitter deficiencies are thought to underlie depression, we examined neurotransmitter levels in Cplx2-/- mice and found a significant decrease in levels of noradrenaline and the serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA in the hippocampus. (shu.ac.uk)

Levels1

• Plasma glucagon levels, but not corticosterone levels, were elevated in alpha(2A)-KO mice. (abo.fi)

Growth1

• EphA4 KO cortical neurons show decreased growth inhibition on Nogo-A KO myelin as compared with WT neurons, supporting increased EphA4-mediated growth inhibition in Nogo-A KO mice. (unibas.ch)

Treatment2

• After treatment, mice underwent surgery for cannulation of the femoral artery and arterial pressure recordings were made five days later in awake animals. (nih.gov)
• We used a reproducible mouse model of the PTRE to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of this condition. (gla.ac.uk)

Index1

• ACE inhibition did not change the spontaneous baroreflex indices (gain and baroreflex effectiveness index) in ELA-2 KO mice. (nih.gov)

Administration1

• Ethanol administration to cystic fibrosis knockout mice results in inc" by Paola Blanco MD, Raneem O Salem et al. (lvhn.org)

Areas1

• METHODS AND RESULTS: GAMT-/- mice did not show cardiac hypertrophy (myocyte cross-sectional areas, hypertrophy markers atrial natriuretic factor and beta-myosin heavy chain). (ox.ac.uk)