AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
MethaneMethylococcaceaeMethylococcus capsulatusOxygenasesEuryarchaeotaMethylosinus trichosporiumHydrogenMethylocystaceaeArchaeaEthaneDNA, ArchaealMethanolGeologic SedimentsMethanosarcinalesAnaerobiosisOxidation-ReductionAtmosphereMethanomicrobiaceaeBacteriaMethanosarcinaceaeSoil MicrobiologyFermentationRumenAcetatesMesnaMicrobial ConsortiaMethanomicrobialesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SMethanobacteriaceaeMethylosinusWetlandsGreenhouse EffectBeijerinckiaceaeCarbon DioxideEthyl EthersDeltaproteobacteriaSphagnopsidaMethanosarcinaMethylomonasLactuloseTrichloroethyleneSeawaterSulfatesSaturnButanesPhylogenyMethanobacteriumHydrocarbonsGasesBiodegradation, EnvironmentalDNA, RibosomalExtraterrestrial EnvironmentRNA, ArchaealBioreactorsOxidoreductasesBeggiatoaGroundwaterBacteria, AnaerobicAlkanesulfonates
Methane
The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Methylococcaceae
A family of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria utilizing only one-carbon organic compounds and isolated from in soil and water.
Methylococcus capsulatus
A species of METHYLOCOCCUS which forms capsules and is capable of autotrophic carbon dioxide fixation. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)
Oxygenases
Oxidases that specifically introduce DIOXYGEN-derived oxygen atoms into a variety of organic molecules.
Euryarchaeota
A phylum of ARCHAEA comprising at least seven classes: Methanobacteria, Methanococci, Halobacteria (extreme halophiles), Archaeoglobi (sulfate-reducing species), Methanopyri, and the thermophiles: Thermoplasmata, and Thermococci.
Methylosinus trichosporium
A species of METHYLOSINUS which is capable of degrading trichloroethylene and other organic pollutants.
Hydrogen
The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.
Methylocystaceae
A family of gram-negative methanotrophs in the order Rhizobiales, distantly related to the nitrogen-fixing and phototrophic bacteria.
Archaea
One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and Eukarya), formerly called Archaebacteria under the taxon Bacteria, but now considered separate and distinct. They are characterized by: (1) the presence of characteristic tRNAs and ribosomal RNAs; (2) the absence of peptidoglycan cell walls; (3) the presence of ether-linked lipids built from branched-chain subunits; and (4) their occurrence in unusual habitats. While archaea resemble bacteria in morphology and genomic organization, they resemble eukarya in their method of genomic replication. The domain contains at least four kingdoms: CRENARCHAEOTA; EURYARCHAEOTA; NANOARCHAEOTA; and KORARCHAEOTA.
Ethane
DNA, Archaeal
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of archaea.
Methanol
A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.
Geologic Sediments
A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)
Methanosarcinales
An order of anaerobic methanogens in the kingdom EURYARCHAEOTA. There are two families: METHANOSARCINACEAE and Methanosaetaceae.
Anaerobiosis
The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Atmosphere
The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Methanomicrobiaceae
A family of anaerobic METHANOMICROBIALES whose cells are coccoid to straight or slightly curved rods. There are six genera.
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Methanosarcinaceae
A family of anaerobic METHANOSARCINALES whose cells are mesophilic or thermophilic and appear as irregular spheroid bodies or sheathed rods. These methanogens are found in any anaerobic environment including aquatic sediments, anaerobic sewage digesters and gastrointestinal tracts. There are four genera: METHANOSARCINA, Methanolobus, Methanothrix, and Methanococcoides.
Soil Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
Fermentation
Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.
Rumen
The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)
Acetates
Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.
Mesna
A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.
Microbial Consortia
A group of different species of microorganisms that act together as a community.
Methanomicrobiales
An order of anaerobic, highly specialized methanogens, in the kingdom EURYARCHAEOTA. Its organisms are nonmotile or motile, with cells occurring as coccoid bodies, pseudosarcina, or rods. Families include METHANOMICROBIACEAE, Methanocorpusculaceae, and Methanospirillaceae.
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
Methanobacteriaceae
A family of anaerobic, coccoid to rod-shaped METHANOBACTERIALES. Cell membranes are composed mainly of polyisoprenoid hydrocarbons ether-linked to glycerol. Its organisms are found in anaerobic habitats throughout nature.
Methylosinus
A genus of gram-negative rods which form exospores and are obligate methanotrophs.
Wetlands
Environments or habitats at the interface between truly terrestrial ecosystems and truly aquatic systems making them different from each yet highly dependent on both. Adaptations to low soil oxygen characterize many wetland species.
Greenhouse Effect
The effect of GLOBAL WARMING and the resulting increase in world temperatures. The predicted health effects of such long-term climatic change include increased incidence of respiratory, water-borne, and vector-borne diseases.
Beijerinckiaceae
A family of aerobic gram-negative rods that are nitrogen fixers. They are highly viscous, and appear as a semitransparent slime in giant colonies.
Carbon Dioxide
A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Ethyl Ethers
Deltaproteobacteria
A group of PROTEOBACTERIA represented by morphologically diverse, anaerobic sulfidogens. Some members of this group are considered bacterial predators, having bacteriolytic properties.
Sphagnopsida
A class of BRYOPHYTA which is best known for Sphagnum forming PEAT bogs.
Methanosarcina
A genus of anaerobic, irregular spheroid-shaped METHANOSARCINALES whose organisms are nonmotile. Endospores are not formed. These archaea derive energy via formation of methane from acetate, methanol, mono-, di-, and trimethylamine, and possibly, carbon monoxide. Organisms are isolated from freshwater and marine environments.
Methylomonas
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, straight, curved, or branched rods which are motile by a single polar flagellum. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)
Lactulose
A synthetic disaccharide used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It has also been used in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p887)
Trichloroethylene
A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.
Seawater
The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.
Sulfates
Inorganic salts of sulfuric acid.
Saturn
The sixth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its twelve natural satellites include Phoebe and Titan.
Butanes
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Methanobacterium
A genus of anaerobic, rod-shaped METHANOBACTERIACEAE. Its organisms are nonmotile and use ammonia as the sole source of nitrogen. These methanogens are found in aquatic sediments, soil, sewage, and the gastrointestinal tract of animals.
Hydrocarbons
Gases
The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Biodegradation, Environmental
Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.
DNA, Ribosomal
DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.
Extraterrestrial Environment
The environment outside the earth or its atmosphere. The environment may refer to a closed cabin (such as a space shuttle or space station) or to space itself, the moon, or other planets.
RNA, Archaeal
Ribonucleic acid in archaea having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
Bioreactors
Tools or devices for generating products using the synthetic or chemical conversion capacity of a biological system. They can be classical fermentors, cell culture perfusion systems, or enzyme bioreactors. For production of proteins or enzymes, recombinant microorganisms such as bacteria, mammalian cells, or insect or plant cells are usually chosen.
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Beggiatoa
A genus of colorless, filamentous bacteria in the family THIOTRICHACEAE whose cells contain inclusions of sulfur granules. When found in decaying seaweed beds and polluted water, its presence signals environmental degradation.
Groundwater
Liquid water present beneath the surface of the earth.
Bacteria, Anaerobic
Alkanesulfonates
Organic esters or salts of sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.

High-affinity methane oxidation by a soil enrichment culture containing a type II methanotroph. (1/1531)

Methanotrophic bacteria in an organic soil were enriched on gaseous mixing ratios of <275 parts per million of volume (ppmv) of methane (CH4). After 4 years of growth and periodic dilution (>10(20) times the initial soil inoculum), a mixed culture was obtained which displayed an apparent half-saturation constant [Km(app)] for CH4 of 56 to 186 nM (40 to 132 ppmv). This value was the same as that measured in the soil itself and about 1 order of magnitude lower than reported values for pure cultures of methane oxidizers. However, the Km(app) increased when the culture was transferred to higher mixing ratios of CH4 (1,000 ppmv, or 1%). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the enrichment grown on <275 ppmv of CH4 revealed a single gene product of pmoA, which codes for a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase. This suggested that only one methanotroph species was present. This organism was isolated from a sample of the enrichment culture grown on 1% CH4 and phylogenetically positioned based on its 16S rRNA, pmoA, and mxaF gene sequences as a type II strain of the Methylocystis/Methylosinus group. A coculture of this strain with a Variovorax sp., when grown on <275 ppmv of CH4, had a Km(app) (129 to 188 nM) similar to that of the initial enrichment culture. The data suggest that the affinity of methanotrophic bacteria for CH4 varies with growth conditions and that the oxidation of atmospheric CH4 observed in this soil is carried out by type II methanotrophic bacteria which are similar to characterized species.  (+info)

Immobilization patterns and dynamics of acetate-utilizing methanogens immobilized in sterile granular sludge in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors. (2/1531)

Sterile granular sludge was inoculated with either Methanosarcina mazeii S-6, Methanosaeta concilii GP-6, or both species in acetate-fed upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors to investigate the immobilization patterns and dynamics of aceticlastic methanogens in granular sludge. After several months of reactor operation, the methanogens were immobilized, either separately or together. The fastest immobilization was observed in the reactor containing M. mazeii S-6. The highest effluent concentration of acetate was observed in the reactor with only M. mazeii S-6 immobilized, while the lowest effluent concentration of acetate was observed in the reactor where both types of methanogens were immobilized together. No changes were observed in the kinetic parameters (Ks and mumax) of immobilized M. concilii GP-6 or M. mazeii S-6 compared with suspended cultures, indicating that immobilization does not affect the growth kinetics of these methanogens. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using polyclonal antibodies against either M. concilii GP-6 or M. mazeii S-6 showed significant variations in the two methanogenic populations in the different reactors. Polyclonal antibodies were further used to study the spatial distribution of the two methanogens. M. concilii GP-6 was immobilized only on existing support material without any specific pattern. M. mazeii S-6, however, showed a different immobilization pattern: large clumps were formed when the concentration of acetate was high, but where the acetate concentration was low this strain was immobilized on support material as single cells or small clumps. The data clearly show that the two aceticlastic methanogens immobilize differently in UASB systems, depending on the conditions found throughout the UASB reactor.  (+info)

Anaerobic degradation of phthalate isomers by methanogenic consortia. (3/1531)

Three methanogenic enrichment cultures, grown on ortho-phthalate, iso-phthalate, or terephthalate were obtained from digested sewage sludge or methanogenic granular sludge. Cultures grown on one of the phthalate isomers were not capable of degrading the other phthalate isomers. All three cultures had the ability to degrade benzoate. Maximum specific growth rates (microseconds max) and biomass yields (YXtotS) of the mixed cultures were determined by using both the phthalate isomers and benzoate as substrates. Comparable values for these parameters were found for all three cultures. Values for microseconds max and YXtotS were higher for growth on benzoate compared to the phthalate isomers. Based on measured and estimated values for the microbial yield of the methanogens in the mixed culture, specific yields for the phthalate and benzoate fermenting organisms were calculated. A kinetic model, involving three microbial species, was developed to predict intermediate acetate and hydrogen accumulation and the final production of methane. Values for the ratio of the concentrations of methanogenic organisms, versus the phthalate isomer and benzoate fermenting organisms, and apparent half-saturation constants (KS) for the methanogens were calculated. By using this combination of measured and estimated parameter values, a reasonable description of intermediate accumulation and methane formation was obtained, with the initial concentration of phthalate fermenting organisms being the only variable. The energetic efficiency for growth of the fermenting organisms on the phthalate isomers was calculated to be significantly smaller than for growth on benzoate.  (+info)

The role of benzoate in anaerobic degradation of terephthalate. (4/1531)

The effects of acetate, benzoate, and periods without substrate on the anaerobic degradation of terephthalate (1, 4-benzene-dicarboxylate) by a syntrophic methanogenic culture were studied. The culture had been enriched on terephthalate and was capable of benzoate degradation without a lag phase. When incubated with a mixture of benzoate and terephthalate, subsequent degradation with preference for benzoate was observed. Both benzoate and acetate inhibited the anaerobic degradation of terephthalate. The observed inhibition is partially irreversible, resulting in a decrease (or even a complete loss) of the terephthalate-degrading activity after complete degradation of benzoate or acetate. Irreversible inhibition was characteristic for terephthalate degradation only because the inhibition of benzoate degradation by acetate could well be described by reversible noncompetitive product inhibition. Terephthalate degradation was furthermore irreversibly inhibited by periods without substrate of only a few hours. The inhibition of terephthalate degradation due to periods without substrate could be overcome through incubation of the culture with a mixture of benzoate and terephthalate. In this case no influence of a period without substrate was observed. Based on these observations it is postulated that decarboxylation of terephthalate, resulting in the formation of benzoate, is strictly dependent on the concomitant fermentation of benzoate. In the presence of higher concentrations of benzoate, however, benzoate is the favored substrate over terephthalate, and the culture loses its ability to degrade terephthalate. In order to overcome the inhibition of terephthalate degradation by benzoate and acetate, a two-stage reactor system is suggested for the treatment of wastewater generated during terephthalic acid production.  (+info)

Nitrate removal in closed-system aquaculture by columnar denitrification. (5/1531)

The columnar denitrification method of nitrate-nitrogen removal from high-density, closed system, salmonid aquaculture was investigated and found to be feasible. However, adequate chemical monitoring was found to be necessary for the optimization and quality control of this method. When methanol-carbon was not balanced with inlet nitrate-nitrogen, the column effluent became unsatisfactory for closed-system fish culture due to the presence of excess amounts of nitrite, ammonia, sulfide, and dissolved organic carbon. Sulfide production was also influenced by column maturity and residence time. Methane-carbon was found to be unsatisfactory as an exogenous carbon source. Endogenous carbon could not support high removal efficiencies. Freshwater columns adpated readily to an artificial seawater with a salinity of 18% without observable inhibition. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the bacterial flora was mainly rod forms with the Peritricha (protozoa) dominating as the primary consumers. Denitrifying bacteria isolated from freshwater columns were tentatively identified as species of Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes. A pilot plant column was found to behave in a manner similar to the laboratory columns except that nitrite production was never observed.  (+info)

Potential effects of gas hydrate on human welfare. (6/1531)

For almost 30 years. serious interest has been directed toward natural gas hydrate, a crystalline solid composed of water and methane, as a potential (i) energy resource, (ii) factor in global climate change, and (iii) submarine geohazard. Although each of these issues can affect human welfare, only (iii) is considered to be of immediate importance. Assessments of gas hydrate as an energy resource have often been overly optimistic, based in part on its very high methane content and on its worldwide occurrence in continental margins. Although these attributes are attractive, geologic settings, reservoir properties, and phase-equilibria considerations diminish the energy resource potential of natural gas hydrate. The possible role of gas hydrate in global climate change has been often overstated. Although methane is a "greenhouse" gas in the atmosphere, much methane from dissociated gas hydrate may never reach the atmosphere, but rather may be converted to carbon dioxide and sequestered by the hydrosphere/biosphere before reaching the atmosphere. Thus, methane from gas hydrate may have little opportunity to affect global climate change. However, submarine geohazards (such as sediment instabilities and slope failures on local and regional scales, leading to debris flows, slumps, slides, and possible tsunamis) caused by gas-hydrate dissociation are of immediate and increasing importance as humankind moves to exploit seabed resources in ever-deepening waters of coastal oceans. The vulnerability of gas hydrate to temperature and sea level changes enhances the instability of deep-water oceanic sediments, and thus human activities and installations in this setting can be affected.  (+info)

Effects of nickel and cobalt on kinetics of methanol conversion by methanogenic sludge as assessed by on-line CH4 monitoring. (7/1531)

When metals were added in a pulse mode to methylotrophic-methanogenic biomass, three methane production rate phases were recognized. Increased concentrations of Ni and Co accelerated the initial exponential and final arithmetic increases in the methane production rate and reduced the temporary decrease in the rate. When Ni and Co were added continuously, the temporary decrease phase was eliminated and the exponential production rate increased. We hypothesize that the temporary decrease in the methane production rate and the final arithmetic increase in the methane production rate were due to micronutrient limitations and that the precipitation-dissolution kinetics of metal sulfides may play a key role in the biovailability of these compounds.  (+info)

Microbial oxidation of methane and methanol: isolation of methane-utilizing bacteria and characterization of a facultative methane-utilizing isolate. (8/1531)

A methane-utilizing organism capable of growth both on methane and on more complex organic substrates as a sole source of carbon and energy, has been isolated and studied in detail. Suspensions of methane-grown cells of this organism oxidized C-1 compounds (methane, methanol, formaldehyde, formate); hydrocarbons (ethane, propane); primary alcohols (ethanol, propanol); primary aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde); alkenes (ethylene, propylene); dimethylether; and organic acids (acetate, malate, succinate, isocitrate). Suspensions of methanol-or succinate-grown cells did not oxidize methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene, or dimethylether, suggesting that the enzymatic systems required for oxidation of these substrates are induced only during growth on methane. Extracts of methane-grown cells contained a particulate reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent methane monooxygenase activity. Oxidation of methanol, formaldehyde, and primary alcohols was catalyzed by a phenazine methosulfate-linked, ammonium ion-requiring methanol dehydrogenase. Oxidation of primary aldehydes was catalyzed by a phenazine methosulfate-linked, ammonium ion-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase. Formate was oxidized by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-specific formate dehydrogenase. Extracts of methane-grown, but not succinate-grown, cells contained the key enzymes of the serine pathway, hydroxypyruvate reductase and malate lyase, indicating that the enzymes of C-1 assimilation are induced only during growth on C-1 compounds. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was induced during growth on glucose. Extracts of methane-grown cells contained low levels of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, including alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase, relative to the levels found during growth on succinate.  (+info)

OU Study Finds the Fingerprint of Paddy Rice in Atmospheric Methane Concentration DynamicsOU Study Finds the Fingerprint of Paddy Rice in Atmospheric Methane Concentration Dynamics
NORMAN, OKLA. - A University of Oklahoma-led study shows that paddy rice (both area and plant growth) is significantly related to the spatial-temporal dynamics of atmospheric methane concentration in monsoon Asia, where 87% of paddy rice fields are situated in the world.. Methane is one of the major greenhouse gases. It has a lifetime of 12.4 years and its global warming potential is approximately 86 times higher than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period.. Rice paddy is a large source of methane emission; however, it has been a challenging task to attribute relative role of rice paddy in the spatial distribution, seasonal dynamics and interannual variation of atmospheric methane concentration as measured by spaceborne sensors, said Xiangming Xiao, a member of the Earth Observation and Modeling Facility at OU and a professor in the Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology who coordinated this interdisciplinary study.. Over the past few years, researchers at OU developed annual paddy rice ...
http://www.ou.edu/research-norman/news-events/2020/study-finds-rice-paddy-atmospheric-methane-concentration
British Library EThOS: A study of breath methane excretionBritish Library EThOS: A study of breath methane excretion
Anaerobic bacterial metabolism in the colon produces hydrogen, methane, volatile fatty acids and carbon dioxide. Hydrogen and methane are excreted in flatus and the expired breath. Investigations in this Thesis attempted to identify factors which may influence methane excretion in man and explain why all subjects do not excrete methane. The proportions of methane producing subjects in two healthy populations studied in Edinburgh were 33% and 70% respectively. Age and sex did not significantly alter methane excretion. Dietary intakes, faecal components and bowel function were found to be similar in methane producing and non-methane producing subjects. An association was found between the ingestion of the pentose fraction of non-cellulosic polysaccharides and the concentration of breath methane in methane producing subjects. This association may be the result of a steady metabolic state in the caecum. Ingestion of pentose monomers D(+) xylose and L(+) arabinose increased methane excretion, in ...
http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.666290
JAIRO | An interesting correlation between methane production rates and archaea cell density during anaerobic digestion with...JAIRO | An interesting correlation between methane production rates and archaea cell density during anaerobic digestion with...
An interesting correlation between methane production rates and archaea cell density during anaerobic digestion with increasing organic loadingAn interesting correlation between methane production rates and archaea cell density during anaerobic digestion with increasing organic loading ...
http://jairo.nii.ac.jp/0083/00234059/en
Characterization of methanotrophic bacterial populations in soils showing atmospheric methane uptake - WRAP: Warwick Research...Characterization of methanotrophic bacterial populations in soils showing atmospheric methane uptake - WRAP: Warwick Research...
The global methane cycle includes both terrestrial and atmospheric processes and may contribute to feedback regulation of the climate. Most oxic soils are a net sink for methane, and these soils consume approximately 20 to 60 Tg of methane per year. The soil sink for atmospheric methane is microbially mediated and sensitive to disturbance. A decrease in the capacity of this sink may have contributed to the similar to 1%.year(-1) increase in the atmospheric methane level in this century. The organisms responsible for methane uptake by soils (the atmospheric methane sink) are not known, and factors that influence the activity of these organisms are poorly understood. In this study the soil methane-oxidizing population was characterized by both labelling soil microbiota with (CH4)-C-14 and analyzing a total soil monooxygenase gene library. Comparative analyses of [C-14]phospholipid ester-linked fatty acid profiles performed with representative methane-oxidizing bacteria revealed that the soil sink ...
http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/14324/
Effects of triclosan, diclofenac, and nonylphenol on mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic activity and on the methanogenic...Effects of triclosan, diclofenac, and nonylphenol on mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic activity and on the methanogenic...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effects of triclosan, diclofenac, and nonylphenol on mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic activity and on the methanogenic communities. AU - Symsaris, Evangelos C.. AU - Fotidis, Ioannis. AU - Stasinakis, Athanasios S.. AU - Angelidaki, Irini. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - In this study, a toxicity assay using a mesophilic wastewater treatment plant sludge-based (SI) and a thermophilic manure-based inoculum (MI), under different biomass concentrations was performed to define the effects of diclofenac (DCF), triclosan (TCS), and nonylphenol (NP) on anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Additionally, the influence of DCF, TCS, and NP on the relative abundance of the methanogenic populations was investigated. Results obtained demonstrated that, in terms of methane production, SI inoculum was more resistant to the toxicity effect of DCF, TCS, and NP, compared to the MI inoculum. The IC50 values were 546, 35, and 363mgL-1 for SI inoculum and 481, 32, and 74mgL-1 for MI inoculum for DCF, ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/effects-of-triclosan-diclofenac-and-nonylphenol-on-mesophilic-and
Henkel, S et al. (2012): Sulfate and methane concentrations measured in pore water of sediment core GeoB13809-1 and GeoB13849-1Henkel, S et al. (2012): Sulfate and methane concentrations measured in pore water of sediment core GeoB13809-1 and GeoB13849-1
Henkel, Susann; Schwenk, Tilmann; Hanebuth, Till J J; Strasser, Michael; Riedinger, Natascha; Formolo, Michael J; Arnold, Gail Lee; Tomasini, Juan; Krastel, Sebastian; Kasten, Sabine (2012): Sulfate and methane concentrations measured in pore water of sediment core GeoB13809-1 and GeoB13849-1. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.773289, Supplement to: Henkel, S et al. (2012): Pore water geochemistry as a tool for identifying and dating young mass-transport deposits. In: Yamada, Y et al. (eds.) Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research - Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences, 5th International Symposium, Springer, 31(1), 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2162-3_8
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.773289
PDF] Ag(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, structure, and application. | Semantic ScholarPDF] Ag(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, structure, and application. | Semantic Scholar
Öfele and Wanzlick first pioneered the metalation of imidazol-2-ylidenes, better known as N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), from imidazolium salts in 1968.1,2 Lappert and co-workers followed this work with the investigation of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes synthesized from electron-rich olefins.3,4 However, it was not until the isolation of the first free carbene by Arduengo, in 1991, that significant interest was given to the area.5 Since then the complexation chemistry of these new ligands has become a major area of research.6-10 This new class of ligand has shown to equal, if not exceed, phosphines in their ability to bind to a variety of metals. Complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes with virtually every transition metal and many main group elements have been reported.1-10 N-Heterocyclic carbenes bind to both hard and soft metals making it a very versatile ligand system. NHCs bond to metals primarily through σ donation of the carbene lone pair to the metal. The bonding of the carbene was believed
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Ag
Immobilization of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b in a Biolamina Plate Reactor for the Oxidation of Methane to Methanol
Methane is a flammable gas that is the main component of natural gas. It is a highly potent greenhouse gas, and accounts for about 20% of greenhouse gas emissions. Methane is routinely flared in many industrial processes without harnessing any of its energy. The environmental impact and wasted energy potential make it highly desirable to find an economically feasible process to use this methane.One possibility is to convert methane into liquid fuels for transportation and energy generation. Current technologies to convert methane gas to liquid fuels (GTL) are complex, and the facilities are only economical at huge scales. Methane gas is very difficult to transport and store, so GTL plants must be located at the source of the methane, typically at large petroleum fields or refineries.Biological conversion of methane to liquid fuels is an attractive alternative to traditional GTL processes, as microbial oxidation of methane can produce liquid fuels (e.g. methanol) at ambient temperatures and ...
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/dz010v84p
High rates of anaerobic methanotrophy at low sulfate concentrations with implications for past and present methane levels<...High rates of anaerobic methanotrophy at low sulfate concentrations with implications for past and present methane levels<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - High rates of anaerobic methanotrophy at low sulfate concentrations with implications for past and present methane levels. AU - Beal, EJ. AU - Claire, MW. AU - House, CH. PY - 2011/3. Y1 - 2011/3. N2 - Despite the importance of the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) to global biogeochemical cycles, the relationship between sulfate concentration and the rate of AOM has not been previously experimentally constrained. Here, we present measurements showing substantial methane oxidation at low sulfate concentrations, with no significant decrease in the rate of AOM until sulfate levels are well below 1 mm. At sulfate levels below 1 mm, there appears to be a strong decoupling of AOM and sulfate reduction, with a 13C-label transferred from methane to carbon dioxide occurring at a rate almost an order of magnitude faster than the observed rate of sulfate reduction. These results allow for the possibility that high rates of AOM occurred in the Archean oceans and that high rates of AOM ...
https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/publications/high-rates-of-anaerobic-methanotrophy-at-low-sulfate-concentratio
Experimental evaluation of substrates particle size of wheat and rice straw biomass on methane production yield |...Experimental evaluation of substrates particle size of wheat and rice straw biomass on methane production yield |...
This paper examines the effect of particle sizes in substrates on methane production yields of wheat and rice straw biomass without any other applied pretreatment. Anaerobic digestion of three different mean particle size (MPS) substrate of 1.5 mm, 0.75 mm, and 0.30 mm of wheat and rice straw biomass was carried out at 37 oC mesophilic temperature. The observed result revealed that mean particle size of 0.30 mm, and 0.75 mm had increased methane production yield by 4.7%, and 38.7%, respectively, compared to 1.50 mm particle size of wheat straw. However, in case of rice straw substrates the methane production yield was found 7.9%, and 13.0% higher, respectively, for mean particle size of 0.30 mm, and 0.75 mm, compared to 1.50 mm particle size. Mean particle size of 0.75 mm had yielded highest biogas as well as methane yields in both cases of biomass, however, wheat straw resulted into considerably higher methane yield than rice straw.. ...
https://cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2844
PPT - The Potential to Feed Nitrates to Reduce Enteric Methane Production in Ruminants PowerPoint Presentation - ID:1284979PPT - The Potential to Feed Nitrates to Reduce Enteric Methane Production in Ruminants PowerPoint Presentation - ID:1284979
The Potential to Feed Nitrates to Reduce Enteric Methane Production in Ruminants. By R A Leng AO, D.Rur.Sc. Emeritus Professor UNE-Armidale. The issues in a nut shell 1. Globally ruminants produce around 80x10 6 tonnes of methane Slideshow 1284979 by gigi
https://www.slideserve.com/gigi/the-potential-to-feed-nitrates-to-reduce-enteric-methane-production-in-ruminants-1284979
KEGG PATHWAY: Methane metabolism - Methanococcus maripaludis C7
Methane is metabolized principally by methanotrophs and methanogens in the global carbon cycle. Methanotrophs consume methane as the only source of carbon, while methanogens produce methane as a metabolic byproduct. Methylotrophs, which are microorganisms that can obtain energy for growth by oxidizing one-carbon compounds, such as methanol and methane, are situated between methanotrophs and methanogens. Methanogens can obtain energy for growth by converting a limited number of substrates to methane under anaerobic conditions. Three types of methanogenic pathways are known: CO2 to methane [MD:M00567], methanol to methane [MD:M00356], and acetate to methane [MD:M00357]. Methanogens use 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (CoM; coenzyme M) as the terminal methyl carrier in methanogenesis and have four enzymes for CoM biosynthesis [MD:M00358]. Coenzyme B-Coenzyme M heterodisulfide reductase (Hdr), requiring for the final reaction steps of methanogenic pathway, is divided into two types: cytoplasmic HdrABC in ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?mmz00680+MmarC7_1148
Methane Forum 2016 | Global Methane Initiative
Please take a moment to fill out a short, 5 minute evaluation of the Global Methane Forum. Your feedback will help determine how GMI plans its future meetings.. The Global Methane Initiative (GMI) and the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) were pleased to welcome more than 500 attendees from 62 countries to Washington, DC for the Global Methane Forum and CCAC Working Group meetings. Methane experts and policy-makers from around the world gathered to discuss options for methane reduction and abatement activities.. This unique opportunity granted access to:. ...
https://www.globalmethane.org/forum/
KEGG PATHWAY: Methane metabolism - Methanoregula formicica
Methane is metabolized principally by methanotrophs and methanogens in the global carbon cycle. Methanotrophs consume methane as the only source of carbon, while methanogens produce methane as a metabolic byproduct. Methylotrophs, which are microorganisms that can obtain energy for growth by oxidizing one-carbon compounds, such as methanol and methane, are situated between methanotrophs and methanogens. Methanogens can obtain energy for growth by converting a limited number of substrates to methane under anaerobic conditions. Three types of methanogenic pathways are known: CO2 to methane [MD:M00567], methanol to methane [MD:M00356], and acetate to methane [MD:M00357]. Methanogens use 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (CoM; coenzyme M) as the terminal methyl carrier in methanogenesis and have four enzymes for CoM biosynthesis [MD:M00358]. Coenzyme B-Coenzyme M heterodisulfide reductase (Hdr), requiring for the final reaction steps of methanogenic pathway, is divided into two types: cytoplasmic HdrABC in ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?mfo00680+Metfor_1008
Communal metabolism by Methylococcaceae and Methylophilaceae is driving rapid aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of a...Communal metabolism by Methylococcaceae and Methylophilaceae is driving rapid aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of a...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Communal metabolism by Methylococcaceae and Methylophilaceae is driving rapid aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of a shallow seep near Elba, Italy. AU - Taubert, Martin. AU - Grob, Carolina. AU - Crombie, Andrew. AU - Howat, Alexandra. AU - Burns, Oliver. AU - Weber, Miriam. AU - Lott, Christian. AU - Kaster, Anne-Kristin. AU - Vollmers, John. AU - Jehmlich, Nico. AU - von Bergen, Martin. AU - Chen, Yin. AU - Murrell, Colin. PY - 2019/10. Y1 - 2019/10. N2 - Release of abiotic methane from marine seeps into the atmosphere is a major source of this potent greenhouse gas. Methanotrophic microorganisms in methane seeps use methane as carbon and energy source, thus significantly mitigating global methane emissions. Here we investigated microbial methane oxidation at the sediment-water interface of a shallow marine methane seep. Metagenomics and metaproteomics, combined with 13C-methane stable isotope probing, demonstrated that various members of the gammaproteobacterial family ...
https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/publications/communal-metabolism-by-methylococcaceae-and-methylophilaceae-is-d
An N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand with Flexible Steric Bulk Allows Suzuki Cross-Coupling of Sterically Hindered Aryl...An N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand with Flexible Steric Bulk Allows Suzuki Cross-Coupling of Sterically Hindered Aryl...
Communications Sterically Flexible Carbene Ligands An N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand with Flexible Steric Bulk Allows Suzuki Cross-Coupling of Sterically Hindered Aryl Chlorides at Room Temperature ** Gereon Altenhoff, Richard Goddard, Christian W. Lehmann, and Frank Glorius* However, despite considerable efforts, the coupling of aryl chlorides to give biaryl compounds with more than one ortho substituent at room temperature has not been realized to date.[7] To overcome this problem, an electron-rich ligand is required that is small enough to accept sterically hindered substrates yet sufficiently bulky to support monoligation and promote reductive elimination. We rationalized that these stringent requirements could be met by new NHC 1, which exhibits flexible steric bulk. Imidazolium salt 4 (Scheme 1) and the corresponding NHC 1 derived thereof are expected to exist in the form of three different conformers a, b and c. Conformation a should allow the coordinated Pd0 to undergo oxidative addition, ...
https://www.docme.ru/doc/1900504/an-n-heterocyclic-carbene-ligand-with-flexible-steric-bul..
A Map of Methane Levels Near the Massive Gas Leak in L.A. - Atlas ObscuraA Map of Methane Levels Near the Massive Gas Leak in L.A. - Atlas Obscura
A map of Porter Ranch methane levels (Image: Rob Jackson, Nathan Phillips, and Bob Ackley). Its been three months since Southern California Gas Co. first reported a massive leak in its Aliso Canyon gas field, on the edge of Los Angeles, and the faulty well is still pouring methane into the air. If you look at the map above, of Porter Ranch, the neighborhood where thousands of people have been displaced, and of methane levels measured in the area, you can roughly guess where the leak is.. This map was created by Rob Jackson, a scientist at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, and his colleagues Nathan Phillips, a professor at Boston University, and Bob Ackley. Recently, they took a tool they use regularly in their research-a very accurate laser-based methane detector-and spent a weekend sampling methane in Porter Ranch. The red line shows the path they drove around the neighborhood, and its height indicates the amount of methane measured.. As Jackson writes, in a post on Medium, ...
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/a-map-of-methane-levels-near-the-massive-gas-leak-in-la
Chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligands for asymmetric catalytic oxindole synthesis - Chemical Communications (RSC Publishing)Chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligands for asymmetric catalytic oxindole synthesis - Chemical Communications (RSC Publishing)
The Pd-catalysed asymmetric intramolecular α-arylation of amideenolates containing heteroatom substituents gives chiral 3-alkoxy or 3-aminooxindoles in high yield and with enantioselectivities up to 97% ee when a new chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligand is used.
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2008/CC/b810858g
Life | Free Full-Text | The Apparent Involvement of ANMEs in Mineral Dependent Methane Oxidation, as an Analog for Possible...Life | Free Full-Text | The Apparent Involvement of ANMEs in Mineral Dependent Methane Oxidation, as an Analog for Possible...
On Earth, marine anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM) can be driven by the microbial reduction of sulfate, iron, and manganese. Here, we have further characterized marine sediment incubations to determine if the mineral dependent methane oxidation involves similar microorganisms to those found for sulfate-dependent methane oxidation. Through FISH and FISH-SIMS analyses using 13C and 15N labeled substrates, we find that the most active cells during manganese dependent AOM are primarily mixed and mixed-cluster aggregates of archaea and bacteria. Overall, our control experiment using sulfate showed two active bacterial clusters, two active shell aggregates, one active mixed aggregate, and an active archaeal sarcina, the last of which appeared to take up methane in the absence of a closely-associated bacterial partner. A single example of a shell aggregate appeared to be active in the manganese incubation, along with three mixed aggregates and an archaeal sarcina. These results suggest that the microorganisms
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/1/1/19
Sharing Methane Detection Technologies at ARPA-E
July 20, 2018) On Tuesday, July 17th, ARPA-E held its final MONITOR Annual Meeting in Fort Collins, CO. The MONITOR programs mission was to help fund innovative technologies to cost-effectively and accurately locate and measure methane emissions associated with natural gas production. As one of the MONITOR projects, the Methane Team was invited to share the progress made on their upcoming guidance document. Around 80 people in the natural gas community attended, creating a perfect opportunity for the Methane Team to engage with prospective users! The Methane Team Co-lead Tim Taylor (CDPHE) gave a presentation overviewing ITRC and the Methanes soon-to-be-released guidance document. Later, Tim and ITRC Director Patty Reyes participated in a poster session to interact one-on-one with other MONITOR projects. Both sessions generated an immense amount of interest in the Methane Teams guidance document that will be released this September! The Methane Teams work could not have been accomplished ...
https://diffusionsampler.itrcweb.org/About/News%20Item%20-%20Sharing%20Methane%20Detection%20Technologies%20at%20ARPA-E
J.U.M. - 109L - Heated FID Analyzers - FIDs with Backpurge Filter - Heated Non Methane/ Methane/ Total Hydrocarbon FID Analyzer...J.U.M. - 109L - Heated FID Analyzers - FIDs with Backpurge Filter - Heated Non Methane/ Methane/ Total Hydrocarbon FID Analyzer...
J.U.M. - 109L - Heated Non Methane/ Methane/ Total Hydrocarbon FID Analyzer by J.U.M. Engineering GmbH. The J.U.M 109L is a heated FID analyzer to continuously and simultaneously measure the Methane concentration, the Total Hydrocarbon concentration ...
https://www.environmental-expert.com/products/heated-non-methane-methane-total-hydrocarbon-fid-analyzer-85479
Different Abilities of Eight Mixed Cultures of Methane-oxidizing Bacteria to Degrade TCE - Welcome to DTU Research DatabaseDifferent Abilities of Eight Mixed Cultures of Methane-oxidizing Bacteria to Degrade TCE - Welcome to DTU Research Database
TY - JOUR. T1 - Different Abilities of Eight Mixed Cultures of Methane-oxidizing Bacteria to Degrade TCE. AU - Broholm, Kim. AU - Christensen, Thomas Højlund. AU - Jensen, Bjørn K.. PY - 1993. Y1 - 1993. N2 - The ability of eight mixed cultures of methane-oxidizing bacteria to degrade trichloroethylene (TCE) was examined in laboratory batch experiments. This is one of the first reported works studying TCE degradation by mixed cultures of methane-oxidizing bacteria at 10°C, a common temperature for soils and groundwaters. Only three of the eight mixed cultures were able to degrade TCE, or to degrade TCE fast enough to result in a significant removal of TCE within the experimental time, when the cultures used methane as growth substrate. The same three mixed cultures were able to degrade TCE when they oxidized methanol, but only for a limited time period of about 5 days. Several explanations for the discontinued degradation of TCE are given. An experiment carried out to re-activate the ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/different-abilities-of-eight-mixed-cultures-of-methane-oxidizing-/
feeding different forages on emission of methane
Effects of feeding different forages on emission of methane in cattle and goats. The objective of this study was to investigate the volumes of methane emission from cattle and goats by feeding Bermuda hay and Alfalfa hay under the condition of closed confinements. Open Path CH4 Analyzer was used to detect methane emissions from these animals. Eight Taiwan yellow cattle and twenty four Taiwan black goats with the same age and body weights were subjected to the trial. Animals were divided into two groups fed with 100% Bermuda hay or the combination of 50% Bermuda and 50% Alfalfa hay. Cattle that received Bermuda hay produced more methane per kg of body weight than those received Bermuda and Alfalfa hay (0.9484 ppb v.s 0.5768 ppb). The similar tendency was found in the goats (7.7405 ppb v.s 7.0782 ppb). Evidences showed that ruminants fed with legume produced resulted in less methane emissions. Meanwhile, goats produced more methane than that of cattle both fed with Bermuda and Alfalfa hay. ...
http://english.tlri.gov.tw/page.aspx?path=419
Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium. AU - Erdöhelyi, A.. AU - Cserényi, J.. AU - Papp, E.. AU - Solymosi, F.. PY - 1994/2/3. Y1 - 1994/2/3. N2 - The reforming of methane with carbon dioxide has been investigated at 673-773 K on supported palladium catalysts in a fixed-bed continuous-flow reactor. In addition, the dissociation of carbon dioxide and methane, and the reactivity of the surface carbon formed have also been examined. The dissociation of carbon dioxide, detected by infrared spectroscopy, occurred at the lowest temperature, 373 K, on Pd/TiO2. It was greatly promoted by the presence of methane. The decomposition of methane at the temperature of the CH4 + CO2 reaction (ca. 773 K) proceeded initially at a high rate yielding hydrogen and small amounts of ethane and ethene. The deposition of surface carbon was also observed, which was hydrogenated only above 720 K. The reaction between carbon dioxide and methane occurred rapidly above ...
https://hungary.pure.elsevier.com/hu/publications/catalytic-reaction-of-methane-with-carbon-dioxide-over-supported-
Ultrastructure and Viral Metagenome of Bacteriophages from an Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Methylomirabilis Bioreactor...Ultrastructure and Viral Metagenome of Bacteriophages from an Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Methylomirabilis Bioreactor...
With its capacity for anaerobic methane oxidation and denitrification, the bacterium Methylomirabilis oxyfera plays an important role in natural ecosystems. Its unique physiology can be exploited for more sustainable wastewater treatment technologies. However, operational stability of full-scale bioreactors can experience setbacks due to, for example, bacteriophage blooms. By shaping microbial communities through mortality, horizontal gene transfer, and metabolic reprogramming, bacteriophages are important players in most ecosystems. Here, we analyzed an infected Methylomirabilis sp. bioreactor enrichment culture using (advanced) electron microscopy, viral metagenomics and bioinformatics. Electron micrographs revealed four different viral morphotypes, one of which was observed to infect Methylomirabilis cells. The infected cells contained densely packed ~55 nm icosahedral bacteriophage particles with a putative internal membrane. Various stages of virion assembly were observed. Moreover, during ...
http://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/163371
Effects of soil temperature and moisture on methane uptakes and nitrous oxide emissions across three different ecosystem typesEffects of soil temperature and moisture on methane uptakes and nitrous oxide emissions across three different ecosystem types
In this paper, we investigate similarities of effects of soil environmental drivers on year-round daily soil fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane for three distinct semi-natural or natural ecosystems: temperate spruce forest, Germany; tropical rain forest, Queensland, Australia; and ungrazed semi-arid steppe, Inner Mongolia, China. Annual cumulative fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane varied markedly among ecosystems, with nitrous oxide fluxes being highest for the tropical forest site (tropical forest: 0.96 kgNha−1 yr−1; temperate forest: 0.67 kgNha−1 yr−1; steppe: 0.22 kgNha−1 yr−1), while rates of soil methane uptake were approximately equal for the temperate forest (−3.45 kgC ha−1 yr−1) and the steppe (−3.39 kgC ha−1 yr−1), but lower for the tropical forest site (−2.38 kgC ha−1 yr−1). In order to allow for cross-site comparison of effects of changes in soil moisture and soil temperature on fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide, we used a normalization approach. ...
https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/34464
Mysterious Martian Methane Bursts Confirmed - SpaceRefMysterious Martian Methane Bursts Confirmed - SpaceRef
Martian methane releases are rare, episodic, and often debated, but scientists have discovered evidence of a methane emission in June 2013, which constitutes the first confirmation of a methane release on Mars.. Planetary Science Institute Senior Scientist Dorothy Z. Oehler is an author on two new papers on methane detections in the Martian atmosphere. The first is Methane spikes, background seasonality and non-detections on Mars: A geological perspective that appears in Planetary Space and Science. Giuseppe Etiope, of the National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology in Italy, is lead author. The second is Independent confirmation of a methane spike on Mars and a source region east of Gale Crater appearing in Nature Geoscience, on which Marco Giuranna, of the National Institute for Astrophysics in Italy, is lead author ...
http://spaceref.com/mars/mysterious-martian-methane-bursts-confirmed.html
Elevated ozone reduces methane emissions from peatland mesocosms - TOET - 2010 - Global Change Biology - Wiley Online LibraryElevated ozone reduces methane emissions from peatland mesocosms - TOET - 2010 - Global Change Biology - Wiley Online Library
Although the effects of elevated ozone on aboveground carbon (C) assimilation are well understood, its effects on soil C fluxes are less certain. Mesocosms taken from a lowland raised bog in northern England were exposed in open-top chambers for 2 years to ambient air or ambient air plus ozone elevated for 8 h day−1 by an average of 49 ppb in summer and 10 ppb in winter. The effects of elevated ozone on methane emission and ecosystem dark respiration were measured throughout this period, along with soil and plant variables. Methane emissions were significantly reduced, by about 25%, by elevated ozone during midsummer periods of both years, but no significant effect of ozone was found during the winter periods. Dark ecosystem respiration was not significantly affected by elevated ozone. There was no evidence that effects of elevated ozone on methane emissions were mediated through changes in aboveground plant biomass or soil water dissolved organic C concentrations. Our results imply that the ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02267.x/full
Al Gore Blows Methane Out Of 1,350 Holes
You are spot on Methane and ethane are excluded, but the only organic compounds come from the natural gas which has methane and ethane (note no mention of propane in the regs). Nat gas has methane and ethane and Bloom is crying that the nat gas has even more ethane than anticipated die to shale gas. This means the remaining organics are methane and some ethane but mostly methane and their VOCs are actually methane and ethane. The fuel cell does not complete the reaction of CH4 to CO2 and H2O and some CH4 will always remain. This is their VOC emissions plus the little ethane that is not converted. Actualy since the pipeline gas is richer in ethane than Bloom anticipated the VOCs may have quite a bit of ethane as well. Bloom data is pretty fake so why would they not fake this as well ...
http://www.greenexplored.com/2013/12/al-gore-blows-methane-out-of-1350-holes.html
Scientists Discover a New Source of Methane: Tree Trunks - Yale E360Scientists Discover a New Source of Methane: Tree Trunks - Yale E360
Forests have long been seen as important sinks, or storage sites, for greenhouse gases. But scientists recently discovered that tree trunks emit methane, a powerful greenhouse gas at least 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide in the short-term.. The discovery comes from researchers at the University of Delaware, who measured methane output from soils, individual trees, and decomposing woody biomass lying on a forest floor in northeast Maryland over a 10-month period. Using a mobile greenhouse gas analyzer, the University of Delaware researchers found that while forest soils suck up and store methane, tree trunks actually release the gas. They also found that different tree species release it at different rates. One theory they posed was that internal rotting or infection inside the tree trunk could cause the methane leaks. The findings were published recently in the journal Ecosystems. When people develop ecosystem to global-scale methane budgets, theres always a chunk in which it is ...
http://e360.yale.edu/digest/scientists-discover-a-new-source-of-methane-tree-trunks?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+YaleEnvironment360+%28Yale+Environment+360%29
Addressing the Underreporting of Methane Emissions from Natural Gas Production and Thawing Permafrost | Climate & Clean Air...Addressing the Underreporting of Methane Emissions from Natural Gas Production and Thawing Permafrost | Climate & Clean Air...
Abstract - Reductions of methane, black carbon and tropospheric ozone could halve warming during the 2030s, while a fairly aggressive strategy to reduce carbon dioxide would do little over the next 20-30 years. Concerning methane, governments must act quickly to take advantage of this opportunity. Production of unconventional natural gas, such as shale gas, has increased significantly and with conventional sources could meet current consumption levels for over 240 years. However, the benefit of methane as a transitional fuel from coal to renewables is questionable due to methane leakage during production. Also, rising temperatures are releasing methane from melting permafrost, but governments are not required to report these emissions. Thus, countries are farther from meeting their targets and the global community is farther from reaching the goal of limiting warming to 2°C above pre-industrial levels than emissions data suggest. This article establishes an agenda for fuller accounting of ...
https://www.ccacoalition.org/zh-hans/node/883
Methane and carbon monoxide production, oxidation, and turnover times in the Caribbean Sea as influenced by the Orinoco River -...Methane and carbon monoxide production, oxidation, and turnover times in the Caribbean Sea as influenced by the Orinoco River -...
The surface distribution of CH4, photoproduction capacity of seawater for CO, and CH4 and CO microbial oxidation rates and turnover times were determined for the surface waters of the southeastern Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Paria as affected by the Orinoco River. Measurements were made during the spring (low river flow) and the fall (high river flow) in order to determine the influence of Orinoco River discharge on these parameters. Methane concentrations were generally lower in the fall than in the spring. Low CH4 oxidation rates and similar surface distributions were observed during both seasons. Methane oxidation in the river plume was significantly higher in the fall. Potential CO photoproduction and CO oxidation rates were generally higher during the fall. Possible effects of the Orinoco River on potential CO photoproduction capacity were observed as far as Puerto Rico. Turnover times for CH4 were in the order of years, whereas CO turnover times were in the order of hours. The Orinoco River ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/92JC02769/abstract
7,000 methane gas bubbles in Siberia could explode soon | Inhabitat - Green Design, Innovation, Architecture, Green Building7,000 methane gas bubbles in Siberia could explode soon | Inhabitat - Green Design, Innovation, Architecture, Green Building
Researchers say 7,000 methane gas bubbles making the ground wobble in Siberia could explode soon. The gas bubbles like come from melting permafrost.
https://inhabitat.com/7000-methane-gas-bubbles-in-siberia-on-the-verge-of-exploding/
oil and gas news: EPA hears widely different views on methane emission threat
DENVER (AP) - Over-regulating methane emissions could discourage the use of environment-friendly natural gas, an energy industry representative told the Environmental Protection Agency on Wednesday.. However, a former Colorado air quality official countered that such controls would be a cost-effective way to fight climate change.. [Native Advertisement] The EPA heard radically different views as it opened public hearings in Denver on its proposal to slash allowable methane emissions from oil and gas production. Sessions were also scheduled in Dallas on Wednesday and in Pittsburgh on Sept. 29.. The proposed rules are aimed at cutting the emissions by 40 to 45 percent by 2025 compared with 2012 levels.. Methane is a key component of natural gas and a powerful greenhouse gas that traps heat in the upper atmosphere.. The EPA estimates the new rule would cost industry from $320 million to $420 million annually by 2025 but would reduce health care costs and have other benefits totaling about $460 ...
http://www.pennenergy.com/articles/pennenergy/2015/09/oil-and-gas-news-epa-hears-widely-different-views-on-methane-emission-threat.html
The Dragons Tales: Hypotheses for near-surface exchange of methane on MarsThe Dragons Tales: Hypotheses for near-surface exchange of methane on Mars
The Curiosity rover recently detected a background of 0.7 ppb and spikes of 7 ppb of methane on Mars. This in situ measurement reorients our understanding of the Martian environment and its potential for life, as the current theories do not entail any geological source or sink of methane that varies sub-annually. In particular, the 10-fold elevation during the southern winter indicates episodic sources of methane that are yet to be discovered. Here we suggest a near-surface reservoir could explain this variability. Using the temperature and humidity measurements from the rover, we find that perchlorate salts in the regolith deliquesce to form liquid solutions, and deliquescence progresses to deeper subsurface in the season of the methane spikes. We therefore formulate the following three testable hypotheses. The first scenario is that the regolith in Gale Crater adsorbs methane when dry and releases this methane to the atmosphere upon deliquescence. The adsorption energy needs to be 36 kJ/mol to ...
http://thedragonstales.blogspot.com/2016/05/hypotheses-for-near-surface-exchange-of.html
Triphenyl methane | definition of Triphenyl methane by Medical dictionaryTriphenyl methane | definition of Triphenyl methane by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Triphenyl methane in the Medical Dictionary? Triphenyl methane explanation free. What is Triphenyl methane? Meaning of Triphenyl methane medical term. What does Triphenyl methane mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Triphenyl+methane
Methanotroph - Biology-Online DictionaryMethanotroph - Biology-Online Dictionary
Methanotrophs are organisms that require methane as a source of carbon and energy for their metabolism. They are gram-negative bacteria that are capable in utilizing methane as a carbon energy source and able to grow both aerobically or anaerobically which only need single-carbon compound to live on. These prokaryotes occur mostly in soils, rice paddles, mud, landfills, and other places where methane is available. They can grow aerobically or anaerobically. In aerobic conditions, they use oxygen and methane to produce formaldehyde. They then incorporate it into organic compounds through ribulose monophosphate pathway or by serine pathway. An example of methanotroph is a gammaproteobacterium that utilize RuMP pathway in assimilating carbon. Such bacteria are referred to as type I methanotrophs. Type II methanotrophs are those from alphaproteobacteria that utilize the serine pathway of carbon assimilation. They have a system of internal membranes where methane oxidation occurs.1 Methanotrophs are ...
https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Methanotroph
Methanotroph - WikipediaMethanotroph - Wikipedia
Methanotrophs (sometimes called methanophiles) are prokaryotes that metabolize methane as their only source of carbon and energy. They can grow aerobically or anaerobically and require single-carbon compounds to survive. These Methanotrophs are currently being modified to absorb methane from the atmosphere, because methane released into the atmosphere contributes to greenhouse gasses, which heat up the earth and cause global warming. Under aerobic conditions, they combine oxygen and methane to form formaldehyde, which is then incorporated into organic compounds via the serine pathway or the ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) pathway. Type I methanotrophs are part of the Gammaproteobacteria and they use the RuMP pathway to assimilate carbon. Type II methanotrophs are part of the Alphaproteobacteria and utilize the Serine pathway of carbon assimilation. They also characteristically have a system of internal membranes within which methane oxidation occurs. Methanotrophs occur mostly in soils, and are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanotroph
Another Study Confirms Methane Problem Warrants ActionAnother Study Confirms Methane Problem Warrants Action
This post was updated on February 10th.. A new study from the U.S. Department of Energy adds to the large and growing body of research on the problem of methane emissions from the oil and gas industry. Methane is both the main component of natural gas and a powerful climate pollutant - which is why regulators, scientists, and industry all have a vested interest in developing a more complete understanding of how much methane is emitted and from which sources.. Researchers with the Department of Energys National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) used a life cycle model to integrate data from several of EDFs methane studies, and estimated that 7.3 million metric tons of methane were emitted along the natural gas supply chain in 2012. This value is about 10% higher than the corresponding estimate in the 2016 EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory (GHGI), although the difference was not statistically significant (the NETL confidence interval ranged from -20% to +30% of the central estimate).. The NETL ...
http://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2017/02/07/another-study-confirms-methane-problem-warrants-action/
Multi-Tenant Housing Complex Fugitive Methane Investigation - RETTEWMulti-Tenant Housing Complex Fugitive Methane Investigation - RETTEW
When fugitive methane gas was detected close to a multi-unit apartment complex, the owner needed environmental consulting services to investigate an orphan natural gas well adjacent to the building. The well was previously discovered and plugged during construction of the apartment complex 12 years prior. However, during a routine service line inspection, natural gas was detected in the area adjacent to the vault containing the natural gas well. The fugitive methane was due to multiple malfunctions, including a leaking water well. The owner evacuated the building as a precautionary measure.. They then contracted with RETTEW to evaluate site conditions and perform emergency repairs within 24 hours. These repairs included installing a sump pump and a blower unit to actively draw and vent methane from the vault. Subsequent investigations included aquifer characterizations, isotopic methane sampling, pilot testing, feasibility analysis, and design and construction of remedial options. RETTEW ...
https://www.rettew.com/project/multi-tenant-housing-complex-fugitive-methane-investigation/
Olefin metathesis-active ruthenium complexes bearing a nucleophilic carbene ligandOlefin metathesis-active ruthenium complexes bearing a nucleophilic carbene ligand
article{8170967, abstract = {The reaction of [Cp*RuCl](4) (1, Cp* = eta(5)-C5Me5) with the carbene ligand 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes) affords a coordinatively unsaturated Cp*Ru(IMes)Cl (3) complex in 86% isolated yield. Solution calorimetric results in this system provide information concerning the electron donor properties of the carbene ligand, which are very similar to those of PCy3. Structural information from single-crystal X-ray studies for complex 3 allows the determination of steric parameters associated with this ligand. The thermochemical information is used to predict the magnitude of the enthalpic driving force behind substitution reactions involving RuCl2(=C(H)Ph)(PCy3)(2) (1) and the carbene ligand, IMes, affording the RuCl2(=C(H)Ph)(PCy3)(IMes) (6) complex in high yield. A similar mixed carbene/phosphine ruthenium complex, RuCl2(=C(H)Ph)(PPh3)(IMes), can also be isolated from RuCl2(=C(H)Ph)(PPh3)(2) and the IMes ligand. A single-crystal X-ray ...
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8170967
Toward a better understanding and quantification of methane emissions from shale gas developmentToward a better understanding and quantification of methane emissions from shale gas development
The identification and quantification of methane emissions from natural gas production has become increasingly important owing to the increase in the natural gas component of the energy sector. An instrumented aircraft platform was used to identify large sources of methane and quantify emission rates in southwestern PA in June 2012. A large regional flux, 2.0-14 g CH4 s-1 km-2, was quantified for a ?2,800-km2 area, which did not differ statistically from a bottom-up inventory, 2.3-4.6 g CH4 s-1 km-2. Large emissions averaging 34 g CH 4/s per well were observed from seven well pads determined to be in the drilling phase, 2 to 3 orders of magnitude greater than US Environmental Protection Agency estimates for this operational phase. The emissions from these well pads, representing ?1% of the total number of wells, account for 4-30% of the observed regional flux. More work is needed to determine all of the sources of methane emissions from natural gas production, to ascertain why these emissions ...
https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/60828
Enhanced cytotoxicity of silver complexes bearing bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligands - University of Huddersfield...Enhanced cytotoxicity of silver complexes bearing bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligands - University of Huddersfield...
A diverse library of cationic silver complexes bearing bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands have been prepared which exhibit cytotoxicity comparable to cisplatin against the adenocarcinomas MCF7 and DLD1. Bidentate ligands show enhanced cytotoxicity over monodentate and macrocyclic ligands.. ...
http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23474/
The Enterprise Mission - Methane on Mars: Or Back to the Future ?
This is HUGE ….. In the wake of these startling announcements, wide-ranging discussions have erupted across the Internet concerning the source of this new methane. Probably the most authoritative and fact-based of these is currently taking place on a weblog known by the whimsical title, Mainly Martian. Another cogent analysis is voiced by the Mars Societys Bob Zubrin. As one would expect, viewpoints on this surprising development differ vociferously - mainly, as to whether the new methane measurements are geological or biological.. Fortunately, the scientific test for biological methane in this case is elemental: careful measurement of the ratio of carbon isotopes bound with hydrogen, in the methane molecules detected in the Martian atmosphere.. For a variety of reasons, biologically fixed carbon has a preference for the lighter isotope - Carbon 12 - over the heavier version also found in nature, Carbon 13. Methane produced by non-biologically processes - such as volcanically ...
http://www.enterprisemission.com/_articles/04-13-2004/Methane_on_Mars_1.htm
NASA Astrobiology InstituteNASA Astrobiology Institute
If AOM Archaea oxidize methane by reverse methanogenesis, coenzyme F430 likely catalyzes the first step. Culture studies of methanogenic Archaea that can carry out trace oxidation of methane provide supporting evidence for a reversed methanogenesis biochemical pathway. The methanogen Methanosarcina acetovorines was shown to oxidize trace amounts of methane to CO2 (Moran et al., 2006) as documented by observations that 13C-labeled methane became incorporated into CO2. Studies of Methanothermobacter marburgensis in pure culture demonstrated the last step in methanogenesis is also the first step in methane oxidation (Scheller et al., 2010) by the incorporation of 13C-labeled methane into methyl-coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethanesulfonate) catalyzed by coenzyme F430. Genetic evidence from environmental samples provides additional support for reverse methanogenesis during AOM. Hallam et al., (2004) found genes that code for the enzymes used in methanogenesis, including for the last step, in ANME-1 and ...
https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/annual-reports/2013/psu/developing-new-biosignatures/index.html
Investor Engagement Guidance On Methane | ICCR (Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility)Investor Engagement Guidance On Methane | ICCR (Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility)
Due to their climate and health impacts, methane emissions have drawn increasing scrutiny from the public, environmental and health groups, and global policymakers. Unfortunately, a dearth of accurate emissions disclosure, conflicting policy stances and variable operational quality of methane management by the industry interfere with investors efforts to gain clarity on climate risks within their portfolios. Without better reporting, investors are unable to discern which operators are prepared for a shifting energy future and which are not, creating an uncertain investment landscape. Understanding the performance of companies on these complex issues can be difficult given the interrelated nature of asks. Additionally, the lack of a goal framework hinders the investors ability to assess a companys progress on methane management and conduct a comparison with other companies. This document aims to tackle these problems by providing guidance to investors in structuring engagements with companies ...
https://www.iccr.org/investor-engagement-guidance-methane
Identification of functionally active aerobic methanotrophs in sediments from an arctic lake using stable isotope probingIdentification of functionally active aerobic methanotrophs in sediments from an arctic lake using stable isotope probing
Arctic lakes are a significant source of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4), but the role that methane oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) play in limiting the overall CH4 flux is poorly understood. Here, we used stable isotope probing (SIP) techniques to identify the metabolically active aerobic methanotrophs in upper sediments (0-1 cm) from an arctic lake in northern Alaska sampled during ice-free summer conditions. The highest CH4 oxidation potential was observed in the upper sediment (0-1 cm depth) with 1.59 μmol g wet weight-1 day-1 compared with the deeper sediment samples (1-3 cm, 3-5 cm and 5-10 cm), which exhibited CH4 oxidation potentials below 0.4 μmol g wet weight-1 day-1. Both type I and type II methanotrophs were directly detected in the upper sediment total communities using targeted primer sets based on 16S rRNA genes. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and functional genes (pmoA and mxaF) in the 13C-DNA from the upper...
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70038684
Climate craziness of the week - paleotootology | Watts Up With That?Climate craziness of the week - paleotootology | Watts Up With That?
The paper itself is a marvel of weak extrapolation:. Link to excerpt of curent Current Biology issue, showing the full article:. http://download.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/PIIS0960982212003296.pdf. Could methane produced by sauropod dinosaurs. have helped drive Mesozoic climate warmth?. David M. Wilkinson1,*, Euan G. Nisbet2, and Graeme D. Ruxton3. Mesozoic sauropods, like many modern herbivores, are likely to have. hosted microbial methanogenic symbionts for the fermentative. digestion of their plant food [1]. Today methane from livestock is a. significant component of the global methane budget [2]. Sauropod. methane emission would probably also have been considerable. Here,. we use a simple quantitative approach to estimate the magnitude of such. methane production and show that the production of the greenhouse. gas methane by sauropods could have been an important factor in warm. Mesozoic climates. Sauropod dinosaurs include the largest terrestrial animals known. and exhibit a ...
https://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/05/07/climate-craziness-of-the-week-paleotootology/
Seasoning Livestock Feed With Curry Spices Cuts Methane Emissions 40 PercentSeasoning Livestock Feed With Curry Spices Cuts Methane Emissions 40 Percent
UK researchers seeking to cut back on greenhouse gases have found a deliciously potent weapon for fighting agricultural methane emissions: curry. It turns out two spices customarily used to season curry dishes -- coriander and turmeric -- have an antibiotic effect in the stomachs of sheep and cows, killing methane-producing bacteria there. By spicing up animal feeds, farmers could reduce methane emissions from farms by up to 40 percent.
https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-07/seasoning-feedstocks-curry-spices-cuts-methane-emissions-livestock-40/
7(a) Atmospheric Composition7(a) Atmospheric Composition
The fifth most abundant gas in the atmosphere is carbon dioxide. The volume of this gas has increased by over 35% in the last three hundred years (see Figure 7a-1). This increase is primarily due to human induced burning from fossil fuels, deforestation, and other forms of land-use change. Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas. The human-caused increase in its concentration in the atmosphere has strengthened the greenhouse effect and has definitely contributed to global warming over the last 100 years. Carbon dioxide is also naturally exchanged between the atmosphere and life through the processes of photosynthesis and respiration.. Methane is a very strong greenhouse gas. Since 1750, methane concentrations in the atmosphere have increased by more than 150%. The primary sources for the additional methane added to the atmosphere (in order of importance) are: rice cultivation; domestic grazing animals; termites; landfills; coal mining; and, oil and gas extraction. Anaerobic conditions ...
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7a.html
Arctic News: Global Extinction within one Human Lifetime as a Result of a Spreading Atmospheric Arctic Methane Heat wave and...Arctic News: Global Extinction within one Human Lifetime as a Result of a Spreading Atmospheric Arctic Methane Heat wave and...
By combining fractional amounts of an assumed standard Arctic methane fountain/torch/plume with a global warming potential of 1000 (which equals a 16 oC temperature rise (4 - 20 oC) over one year - 2010 - 2011) with the mean global temperature curve (from IPCC 2007 - gradient data) it was possible to closely match the 5 visually and mathematically determined best estimates of the global extinction gradients shown in Figure 6 (a to e). Because the thermal radiant flux from the earth into space is a function of its area (Lide and Fredrickse, 1995) we can roughly determine how many years it will take for the methane to spread globally by getting the ratio of the determined fraction of the mean global temperature curve to the fraction of the Arctic methane fountain/torch/plume curve, as the latter is assumed to represent only one year of methane emissions. In addition as the earths surface area is some 5.1*10^8 square kilometres (Lide and Fredrickse, 1995) a rough estimate of the average area of ...
http://arctic-news.blogspot.cz/p/global-extinction-within-one-human.html
EPAs Revised Methane Emissions Raise Questions of Data IntegrityEPAs Revised Methane Emissions Raise Questions of Data Integrity
EPA has upwardly revised methane emissions from oil and gas production 27 percent, doing so just in time to justify costly new regulations on industry. The new data comes after EPAs previous Greenhouse Gas Inventories consistently showed methane emissions plummeting as natural gas production soars. A close look at the new methods used to revise data for the 2016 GHGI are as flawed as the timing of their release is suspicious.
https://energyindepth.org/national/epas-revised-methane-emissions-raise-questions-data-integrity/
Cu-erionite zeolite achieves high yield in direct oxidation of methane to methanol by isothermal chemical looping | DORA PSICu-erionite zeolite achieves high yield in direct oxidation of methane to methanol by isothermal chemical looping | DORA PSI
We herein report that a copper-ion-exchanged erionite zeolite (Cu-ERI) exhibited a methanol yield as high as 147 μmol/g-zeolite, equaling 0.224 μmol/μmol-Cu, in the direct oxidation of methane to methanol. Moreover, this high methanol yield was achieved using an isothermal chemical looping with both oxygen activation and reaction with methane carried out at 300 °C, in contrast to the conventional stepwise protocol where activation is performed at high temperature (450 °C and above) and the methane reaction at lower temperature (typically 200 °C). Under isobaric condition (1 bar), the Cu-ERI still gave a high yield of 80 μmol/g-zeolite after a single aqueous extraction of the methanol. Such improvements indicate that high yields can be obtained over Cu-ERI in the direct conversion of methane to methanol by a chemical looping without any temperature or pressure swing.. ...
https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/psi/islandora/object/psi%3A28981
White House Looks To Regulate Cow Flatulence As Part Of Climate Agenda - Infinite UnknownWhite House Looks To Regulate Cow Flatulence As Part Of Climate Agenda - Infinite Unknown
Some of these methane emissions come from cow flatulence, exhaling and belching - other livestock animals release methane as well.Cows emit a massive amount of methane through belching, with a lesser amount through flatulence, according to How Stuff Works. Statistics vary regarding how much methane the average dairy cow expels. Some experts say 100 liters to 200 liters a day… while others say its up to 500 liters… a day. In any case, thats a lot of methane, an amount comparable to the pollution produced by a car in a day.Of all domestic animal types, beef and dairy cattle were by far the largest emitters of [methane], according to an EPA analysis charting greenhouse gas emissions in 2012. Cows and other animals produce methane through digestion, which ferments the food of animals.During digestion, microbes resident in an animals digestive system ferment food consumed by the animal, the EPA notes. This microbial fermentation process, referred to as enteric fermentation, produces ...
http://www.infiniteunknown.net/2014/03/30/white-house-looks-to-regulate-cow-flatulence-as-part-of-climate-agenda/
Methane on Mars Announcement Today? (update) - NASA WatchMethane on Mars Announcement Today? (update) - NASA Watch
Keiths update: Press conference statement: \How much methane did we see? So far we have no definitive detection of methane. We have no detection of methane but we will keep looking in the month ahead.\\n\nNASAS Curiosity Rover Provides Clues to Changes in Martian Atmosphere\n\n\Methane is clearly not an abundant gas at the Gale Crater site, if it is there at all. At this point in the mission were just excited to be searching for it,\ said SAM TLS lead Chris Webster of NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, Calif. \While we determine upper limits on low values, atmospheric variability in the Martian atmosphere could yet hold surprises for us.\\n\ ...
http://nasawatch.com/archives/2012/11/methane-on-mars.html
The Complete Genome Sequence of Methanobrevibacter sp. AbM4The Complete Genome Sequence of Methanobrevibacter sp. AbM4
Methane formed in the ruminant fore-stomach (reticulo-rumen) is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions for countries that are reliant on ruminant-based agriculture. Methane is an end product of plant digestion in the reticulo-rumen, and is formed by methanogens belonging to the Euryarchaeota subgroup of the Archaea. Molecular surveys of ruminants have shown that small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences affiliated with species of the genus Methanobrevibacter predominate in most rumen microbiomes, on average making up almost two thirds of the rumen archaea [1]. Sequences are mainly associated with M. gottschalkii (33.6%) and M. ruminantium (27.3%), but also with M. wolinii (0.1%), M. smithii (0.1%) and other Methanobrevibacter spp. (0.5%). Development of mitigation strategies to reduce methane emissions from farmed animals is currently the subject of both scientific and environmental interest. Methanogens are producers of ruminant methane, therefore methane abatement strategies can ...
http://standardsingenomics.org/content/8/2/215/
Climate Change: The Next Generation: Angry Bear: Updates on atmospheric methane and volume measurements of Arctic sea iceClimate Change: The Next Generation: Angry Bear: Updates on atmospheric methane and volume measurements of Arctic sea ice
Back then we figured that since that eastern Siberian area was one of the shallowest areas of the arctic, it had warmed enough during a period of unusual atmospheric circulation that fall to thaw the extensive amounts of frozen methane hydrates known to be locked up by high pressure and cold temperatures on the ocean floor, and they were melting and rising to the surface. In this case it appears that a branch of the warm gulf stream current is causing enough warming to destabilize the frozen methane on the ocean floor in the areas between Norway and Svalbard and points east. This is similar to a scenario that was warned about in a study in the journal Nature in October ...
https://climatechangepsychology.blogspot.com/2013/03/angry-bear-updates-on-atmospheric.html
MethaneMethane
... clathrates (also known as methane hydrates) are solid cages of water molecules that trap single molecules of methane. ... When methane reaches the surface and the atmosphere, it is known as atmospheric methane. The Earth's atmospheric methane ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Methane. Look up methane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Methane at The Periodic ... Hydrogen can also be produced via the direct decomposition of methane, also known as methane Pyrolysis. Methane decomposition ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane
Mr MethaneMr Methane
... www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/crime/mr-methane-deflated-0 Mr Methane at IMDb Official web site of Mr Methane (Articles with ... Spector said that Methane and Skinner had taken his work of art and desecrated it. In the 1990s, Mr Methane produced a parody ... Letters between Mr Methane and Tony Smith personal and business manager to Phil Collins regarding his refusal for Mr Methane to ... Methane, Mr (2000), Mr Methane Lets Rip! ASIN B00004D03A Flatulence humor Le Pétomane Roland the Farter Toilet humour Featured ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr_Methane
Methane functionalizationMethane functionalization
... is the process of converting methane in its gaseous state to another molecule with a functional group ... reported a synthesis of methyl bisulfate from methane using a mercury catalyst at 180 °C. Mercuric bisulfate activates methane ... However, when applying this method to methane specifically, the gaseous nature of methane requires an appropriate solvent. ... any C-H bond with a lower BDE or higher polarity than methane will react first and prevent methane functionalization. Therefore ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_functionalization
Methane reformerMethane reformer
... and steam methane reforming (SMR). Most methods work by exposing methane to a catalyst (usually nickel) at high temperature and ... A methane reformer is a device based on steam reforming, autothermal reforming or partial oxidation and is a type of chemical ... Steam reforming (SR), sometimes referred to as steam methane reforming (SMR) uses an external source of hot gas to heat tubes ... The reaction takes place in a single chamber where the methane is partially oxidized. The reaction is exothermic due to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_reformer
Coalbed methaneCoalbed methane
... (CBM or coal-bed methane), coalbed gas, coal seam gas (CSG), or coal-mine methane (CMM) is a form of natural ... methane escaping from coal during mining amounts to seven percent of total methane emissions. Recovery of coal mine methane in ... Coalbed methane grew out of venting methane from coal seams. Some coal beds have long been known to be "gassy," and as a safety ... Coalbed methane is distinct from a typical sandstone or other conventional gas reservoir, as the methane is stored within the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane
Methane PioneerMethane Pioneer
... was allocated the Call sign GBHU. Methane Pioneer's maiden voyage was from Constock's LNG production facility ... Methane Pioneer was built as yard number 344 by Walter Butler Shipbuilders in Duluth, Minnesota as a Type C1-M-AV1 cargo ship ... Methane Pioneer was the first oceangoing liquified natural gas tanker in the world. Built in 1945 as a cargo ship named Marline ... Methane Pioneer was later renamed Aristotle and operated by Stephenson Clarke Shipping, making 30 voyages between 1959 and 1972 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_Pioneer
Methane clathrateMethane clathrate
... (CH4·5.75H2O) or (8CH4·46H2O), also called methane hydrate, hydromethane, methane ice, fire ice, natural gas ... The nominal methane clathrate hydrate composition is (CH4)4(H2O)23, or 1 mole of methane for every 5.75 moles of water, ... Methane hydrate is formed when hydrogen-bonded water and methane gas come into contact at high pressures and low temperatures ... "The National Methane Hydrates R&D Program DOE/NETL Methane Hydrate Projects". Netl.doe.gov. 2013-02-19. Archived from the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_clathrate
Methane chimneyMethane chimney
A methane chimney or gas chimney is a rising column of natural gas, mainly methane within a water or sediment column. The ... Large deposits of frozen methane, when thawing, release gas into the environment. In cases of sub-sea permafrost, the methane ... IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel, DE Burning ice picture Methane Hydrates - discusses U.S. government funding of methane hydrates research Are ... there deposits of methane under the sea? Will global warming release the methane to the atmosphere? Methane seeps from Arctic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_chimney
Methane monooxygenaseMethane monooxygenase
... (MMO) is an enzyme capable of oxidizing the C-H bond in methane as well as other alkanes. Methane ... 1999). "Mechanism of the Methane -> Methanol Conversion Reaction Catalyzed by Methane Monoxygenase: A Density Function Study". ... It is thought that here the methane binds and is held until needed. From the X-ray crystallography, there is no direct path to ... Methane monooxygenases are found in methanotrophic bacteria, a class of bacteria that exist at the interface of aerobic (oxygen ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_monooxygenase
Methane emissionsMethane emissions
... are important as reducing them can buy time to tackle carbon emissions. Uncertainties in methane emissions, ... On a 100-year timescale, methane's GWP100 is in the range of 28-34. Abiogenic methane is stored in rocks and soil stems from ... Methane - A compelling case for action (Report). International Energy Agency. 2020-08-20. Borunda, A. (2021, May 03). Methane ... "About Methane". Global Methane Initiative. Retrieved 2020-09-15. US EPA, OA (23 December 2015). "Overview of Greenhouse Gases ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_emissions
Atmospheric methaneAtmospheric methane
Methane oxidation allows methanotrophic bacteria to use methane as a source of energy, reacting methane with oxygen and as a ... Methane is also present in the stratosphere, where methane's concentration decreases with height. Methane in the Earth's ... Atmospheric methane is the methane present in Earth's atmosphere. Atmospheric methane concentrations are of interest because it ... Global Methane Assessment: Benefits and Costs of Mitigating Methane Emissions By UN Environment Programme, 2021. "Methane in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_methane
Methane PrincessMethane Princess
The keel of Methane Princess was laid on 26 April 1962 and she was launched on 22 June 1963. The keel of Methane Progress was ... Although Methane Progress was completed first, on 26 May 1964, it was Methane Princess (completed 21 June) that took on the ... Methane Princess and Methane Progress were the first purpose-built LNG carriers, entering service in 1964 and used to transport ... "Methane Progress (5424744)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 4 September 2020. "First Methane Gas Tanker Launched". The Times. No ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_Princess
Methane reservoirMethane reservoir
Methane from gas fields is an important factor in the world energy production and consumption. Methane clathrate is a potential ... Methane reservoirs on Earth are mainly found in Oil and gas reservoirs as natural gas Coalbeds the seabed and the Arctic and ... Methane as the main ingredient of natural gas and as an extractable fossil fuel-energy resource has limited if significant ... "Global methane reservoirs, fluxes, and turnover times". www.ess.uci.edu. Retrieved 2019-06-21. Keane, Rose (2016-09-08). " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_reservoir
Wetland methane emissionsWetland methane emissions
... pathways of methane emission affect how the methane travels into the atmosphere and thus have an equal effect on methane flux ... These bubbles occur as a result of methane building up over time in the soil, forming pockets of methane gas. As these pockets ... These factors work together to effect and control methane flux in wetlands. Overall the main determinant of net flux of methane ... This high level of water saturation creates conditions conducive to methane production. Most methanogenesis, or methane ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland_methane_emissions
Coalbed methane extractionCoalbed methane extraction
... (CBM extraction) is a method for extracting methane from a coal deposit. Coal bed methane (CBM) is ... Coalbed methane Enhanced coal bed methane recovery Lennon, Linda (19 August 2020). "Coalbed Methane". All Things Cretaceous. ... Methane is then compressed and piped to market. The objective is to avoid putting methane into the water line, but allow it to ... Methane adsorbed into a solid coal matrix (coal macerals) will be released if the coal seam is depressurised. Methane may be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane_extraction
Arctic methane emissionsArctic methane emissions
Arctic methane release is the release of methane from seas and soils in permafrost regions of the Arctic. While it is a long- ... 2008) estimate that not less than 1,400 gigatonnes of carbon is presently locked up as methane and methane hydrates under the ... term natural process, methane release is exacerbated by global warming. This results in a positive feedback cycle, as methane ... of the global atmospheric methane trends between 2010 and 2019. However, the Arctic's role in global methane trends is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_methane_emissions
Tris(dimethylamino)methaneTris(dimethylamino)methane
... methane can be regarded as both an amine and an orthoamide. Tris(dimethylamino)methane is a strong base and can be used as a ... methane. Tris(dimethylamino)methane is a clear, colorless or pale yellow liquid with a strong ammoniacal odor. The compound is ... methane. Tris(dimethylamino)methane is formed in good yield (83%) in the reaction of DMF with tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium( ... Tris(dimethylamino)methane (TDAM) is the simplest representative of the tris(dialkylamino)methanes of the general formula (R2N) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tris(dimethylamino)methane
Global Methane InitiativeGlobal Methane Initiative
... on Twitter "Global Methane Initiative". United States Environmental ... "Global Methane Initiative". Global Methane Initiative. Retrieved 24 February 2015. "Frequently Asked Questions". Global Methane ... Methane losses from oil and gas systems account for more than 20 percent of total methane emissions worldwide. The amount of ... The GMI Coal Mines Subcommittee seeks to development coal mine methane (CMM) projects to advance methane recovery and use at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Methane_Initiative
Bis(dimethylamino)methaneBis(dimethylamino)methane
... is the organic compound with the formula [(CH3)2N]2CH2. It is classified as an aminal as well as a ... "Bis(dimethylamino)methane". eEROS, Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rb143. (Articles ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis(dimethylamino)methane
Methane monooxygenase (particulate)Methane monooxygenase (particulate)
... (EC 1.14.18.3) is an enzyme with systematic name methane,quinol:oxygen oxidoreductase. This ... H2O Methane monooxygenase contains copper. It is membrane-bound enzyme present in methanotrophs. Methane monooxygenase Shiemke ... "Structural and mechanistic insights into methane oxidation by particulate methane monooxygenase". Accounts of Chemical Research ... Methane+monooxygenase+(particulate) at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology (EC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_monooxygenase_(particulate)
Bis-tris methaneBis-tris methane
... , also known as BIS-TRIS or BTM, is a buffering agent used in biochemistry. Bis-tris methane is an organic ... Bis-tris methane binds strongly to Cu and Pb ions as well as, weakly, to Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn and Cd. Bis-tris propane Tris ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis-tris_methane
Bis(diphenylphosphino)methaneBis(diphenylphosphino)methane
As a chelating ligand, 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane forms a four-membered ring with the constituents MP2C. The ligand ... The natural bite angle is 73°. 1,1-Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane was first prepared by the reaction of sodium diphenylphosphide ... 1,1-Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm), is an organophosphorus compound with the formula CH2(PPh2)2. Dppm, a white, ... methane gives rise to a family of coordination compounds known as A-frame complexes. Humphrey, Mark G.; Lee, Jeanne; Hockless, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane
Methane (data page)Methane (data page)
This page provides supplementary chemical data on methane. The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ... Chemical data pages, Methane, Chemical data pages cleanup). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_(data_page)
Super Methane Bros.Super Methane Bros.
... ports at sourceforge.net Super Methane Bros. at Lemon Amiga history.txt Super Methane Bros - Kaasua, ... on methane.sourceforge.net Methane on sourceforge.net super-methane-brothers on metacritic.com Rise of the Triad by ... Super Methane Bros in Amiga Power issue 39 (July 1994) info on methane.sourceforge.net "IMPORTANT NOTE: This is a conversion of ... Super Methane Brothers is a video game similar to Taito's Bubble Bobble arcade game, released for Amiga in 1993 by Apache ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Methane_Bros.
Methane clumped isotopesMethane clumped isotopes
... are methane molecules that contain two or more rare isotopes. Methane (CH4) contains two elements, ... When methane clumped-isotope composition is controlled by kinetic effects, for example, for microbial methane, it has the ... The study of methane clumped isotopologues is very recent. The first mass spectrometry measurement of methane clumped ... Closed-system nonhydrous pyrolysis of coal yields non-equilibrium distribution of methane isotopologues. Methane synthesized by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_clumped_isotopes
Tris(trimethylsilyl)methaneTris(trimethylsilyl)methane
... is the organosilicon compound with the formula (tms)3CH (where tms = (CH3)3Si). It is a colorless ... Reaction of tris(trimethylsilyl)methane with methyl lithium gives tris(trimethylsilyl)methyllithium, called trisyllithium. ... Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane Sakurai, Hideki (2001). "Tris(trimethylsilyl)methane". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tris(trimethylsilyl)methane
Aerobic methane productionAerobic methane production
Methane is often 10-75% supersaturated in the oxygenated surface mixed-layer, causing the ocean to contribute methane to the ... Aerobic methane production is a potential biological pathway for atmospheric methane (CH4) production under oxygenated ... Other studies suggested that the detected methane emissions were related to transport of dissolved methane from the soil in ... 2008) found that methane emissions varied greatly by plant species, noting that shrub species were much more likely to produce ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobic_methane_production
China United Coalbed MethaneChina United Coalbed Methane
in turn PetroChina acquired some assets from China United Coalbed Methane and incorporated "PetroChina Coalbed Methane") ... China United Coalbed Methane Corp., Ltd. was founded by two ministries and one state-owned enterprise of the State Council of ... China United Coalbed Methane Corp., Ltd. (CUCBM), also known as China CBM, is state-owned company in China, which had exclusive ... "公司介绍" [About us] (in Chinese (China)). China United Coalbed Methane. Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 29 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_United_Coalbed_Methane
International Methane Emissions ObservatoryInternational Methane Emissions Observatory
"An Eye On Methane" (PDF). UNEP. 1: 6. September 2021. "IPCC Sixth Assessment Report" (PDF). UNEP. April 2022. "Methane ... "U.S.-EU Joint Press Release on the Global Methane Pledge Energy Pathway". US Department of State. "International Methane ... In October 2021, IMEO published the its first annual report: "An Eye on Methane: International Methane Emissions Observatory ... 7. Provide early warning services for extraordinary anthropogenic methane emissions. "Methane Observatory launched to boost ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Methane_Emissions_Observatory
Tert-Butoxybis(dimethylamino)methaneTert-Butoxybis(dimethylamino)methane
... is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COCH(N(CH3)2)2. The compound is classified ... Z2CHCH(N(CH3)2)2 → Z2C=CHN(CH3)2 + HN(CH3)2 Z2C=CHN(CH3)2 + H2O → Z2CHCHO + HN(CH3)2 Tert-Butoxybis(dimethylamino)methane is ... methane". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/9780470842898.rb350.pub2. ISBN 978-0471936237. Arnold, Z ... as an aminal ester, i.e. the tert-butyl alcohol derivative of the aminal bis(dimethylamino)methane. It is a colorless liquid ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tert-Butoxybis(dimethylamino)methane
The international reference preparation of colistin methane sulfonate*
Lightbown, J. W., Bond, Jillian M. & Grab, B. (‎1973)‎. The international reference preparation of colistin methane sulfonate ...
https://apps.who.int:80/iris/handle/10665/263680
Explore Pennsylvanias oil and gas pollution | Environmental Defense FundExplore Pennsylvania's oil and gas pollution | Environmental Defense Fund
Our updated analysis estimates that Pennsylvanias oil and gas companies emit over 1.1 million tons of methane annually. ... Analysis reveals true scope of Pennsylvanias methane emissions, highlights solutions. An updated analysis estimates that ... examines both the total amount of methane and volatile organic compounds emitted from oil and gas sites. These pollutants ... Pennsylvanias oil and gas companies emit at over 1.1 million tons of methane annually. Thats more than 15 times what ...
https://www.edf.org/energy/explore-pennsylvanias-oil-and-gas-pollution
Browsing by Subject Chlorofluorocarbons, MethaneBrowsing by Subject "Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane"
Partially halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (‎methane derivatives / published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Chlorofluorocarbons%2C+Methane&type=mesh
Methane Emissions Continue to RiseMethane Emissions Continue to Rise
NOAA (2020) Trends in Atmospheric Methane. Accessed July 14, 2020.. *Saunois, M. et al. (2019) The Global Methane Budget 2000- ... The amount of methane in Earths atmosphere continues to rise. That is the conclusion of two new studies from the Global Carbon ... The two independent approaches are used and compared to one another as a way to see how well the methane budget is understood. ... As it thaws, water-logged soil becomes an ideal environment for methane production. "However, we have yet to detect abnormal ...
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146978/methane-emissions-continue-to-rise?src=eoa-iotd
Interview Methane PyrolysisInterview Methane Pyrolysis
What is special about methane pyrolysis? What have you been working on so far? Dieter Flick: Methane pyrolysis is a ... Can you give us a brief outlook on methane pyrolysis? What does it mean for BASF and the chemical industry if methane pyrolysis ... Methane pyrolysis, a project funded by the BMBF (link), is currently in particular focus. We spoke with Dieter Flick and ... In methane pyrolysis, carbon is produced as a solid product and could be used in the aluminum, steel and construction ...
https://www.basf.com/hr/hr/who-we-are/Sustainability/we-produce-safely-and-efficiently/energy-and-climate-protection/carbon-management/interview-methane-pyrolysis.html
Managing methane emissions virtual workshop report launched | IpiecaManaging methane emissions virtual workshop report launched | Ipieca
IPIECA held a virtual methane workshop. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the ... Methane science: the latest scientific understanding of methane interaction in the atmosphere, the global methane cycle, ... IPIECA works with its members to reduce methane emissions. As a supporting organisation to the Methane Guiding Principles, ... Methane initiatives: updates from some of the current voluntary methane emissions reduction initiatives. ...
https://www.ipieca.org/news/managing-methane-emissions-virtual-workshop-report-launched/
A Third of California Methane Traced to a Few Super-Emitters - Climate Change: Vital Signs of the PlanetA Third of California Methane Traced to a Few Super-Emitters - Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet
NASA scientists flew over thousands of facilities in California to detect sources of concentrated methane plumes. Their ... Views from NASAs Methane Source Finder, a tool that provides methane data for the state of California. The data are derived ... Like carbon dioxide, methane traps heat in the atmosphere, but it does so more efficiently and for a shorter period of time. ... To help reduce methanes impact on climate, the state has made cutting human-caused emissions a priority. But in order to cut ...
https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2930/a-third-of-california-methane-traced-to-a-few-super-emitters/
NASAS new earth space mission captures methane super-emitter near CarlsbadNASA'S new earth space mission captures methane 'super-emitter' near Carlsbad
Researchers are investigating how dust impacts the climate over the summer when they came across a methane ... Were not talking about only methane emissions from oil and gas. Were talking about methane emissions from different emission ... Operators in the area have been asked to provide data as the Oil and Conservation Division (OCD) is investigating the methane ... The plume was venting more than 40,300 pounds of methane per hour at the Permian site. Environmentalists said that equals about ...
https://www.krqe.com/news/new-mexico/nasas-new-earth-space-mission-captures-methane-super-emitter-near-carlsbad/
Explainer: How methane leaks accelerate global warming | ReutersExplainer: How methane leaks accelerate global warming | Reuters
Methane leaks have emerged as a top threat to the global climate, with the latest incident involving two under the Baltic Sea ... Scientists normally compare the warming effects of methane and carbon dioxide over one century, and over that timescale methane ... Methane, the main component of natural gas, can leak from pipelines and drill sites, and is also emitted from farming and food ... Sept 27 (Reuters) - Methane leaks have emerged as a top threat to the global climate, with the latest incident involving two ...
https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/how-methane-leaks-accelerate-global-warming-2022-09-27/
2018 Methane Emissions Reduction Forum post event survey2018 Methane Emissions Reduction Forum post event survey
2. How effective would you rate the methane forum overall? Not at all effective Extremely effective ... 6. What topics (related to methane) would you like to see at future events? ...
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/GJ7BFXT
Methane, chlorodifluoronitrosoMethane, chlorodifluoronitroso
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C421136&Mask=20
orbit methane Archives - Universe Todayorbit methane Archives - Universe Today
This would help answer the question of where Titan gets all of its methane in the first place; methane, - a.k.a. natural gas - ... Tag: orbit methane. Posted on April 19, 2011. December 24, 2015. by Jason Major ... In fact, the high-level haze that surrounds the moon like a wispy blue shell is made up of this broken-down methane. So if this ... A hydrologic cycle that relies on methane as the operating liquid? Check. Rivers, streams and lakes filled with this same ...
https://www.universetoday.com/tag/orbit-methane/
tribromo-nitro-methanetribromo-nitro-methane
Methane, nitrotribromo- Methane, tribromonitro- Nitrobromoform Nitrotribromomethane Tribromonitromethane tribromo-nitro-methane ...
https://scitoys.com/scichem/jqp054/10046.html
Used Coffee Grounds Can Store Methane | Popular ScienceUsed Coffee Grounds Can Store Methane | Popular Science
... researchers report that heating coffee grounds with potassium hydroxide creates a material that can store methane. Methane is ... With this new method, the treated coffee grounds can store up to seven percent of their weight in methane. As an added bonus, ... Researchers have been looking at ways to store methane for quite some time. ... this method can be used to either store methane and keep it from getting into the atmosphere, or as a building block for ...
https://www.popsci.com/used-coffee-grounds-can-store-methane/
Methane | Research groups | Imperial College LondonMethane | Research groups | Imperial College London
Methane and climate metrics. What is methanes contribution to climate change and the environment? Methane is a very strong ... Methane emissions from global supply chains Methane is emitted from every stage of the oil and gas supply chain. While previous ... Methane Emissions. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and over the last two centuries its concentration in the atmosphere has ... Representing the effect of methane requires the correct use of these metrics. In addition to climate change, methane affects ...
https://www.imperial.ac.uk/sustainable-gas-institute/our-research/methane/
Methane Fighters Take on Washington | EarthjusticeMethane Fighters Take on Washington | Earthjustice
Earthjustice and partner groups flew 35 people from 12 states to Washington D.C. to tell policy makes just how much methane ... to share their stories with their representatives in an effort to build support for the EPAs newly proposed Methane Pollution ... Why methane? The oil and gas industry is carelessly leaking millions of tons of methane pollution and toxic chemicals into the ... Yet his state is still a hotbed for methane partly due to the methane that drifts in from other states. He talked about ...
https://earthjustice.org/blog/2015-november/methane-fighters-take-on-washington
Methane hydrate dissociation across the Oligocene-Miocene boundary | Nature GeoscienceMethane hydrate dissociation across the Oligocene-Miocene boundary | Nature Geoscience
Aerobic oxidation of methane in seawater consumes oxygen and acidifies the ocean, acting as a negative feedback that perhaps ... Methane hydrate dissociation occurred across the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, which may have contributed to the termination of ... However, direct evidence of hydrate destabilization and methane release coinciding with such events is scarce. Here we report ... consistent with our model results suggesting the decrease in hydrostatic pressure eroded the base of global methane hydrate ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-022-00895-5?error=cookies_not_supported&code=8dff6502-1603-4431-a64a-a78fde71f359
Methane pockets may narrow search for Mars life | New ScientistMethane pockets may narrow search for Mars life | New Scientist
Methane in the Martian atmosphere is concentrated in three areas, stoking the debate over whether the gas has a biological ... If methane was somehow released by all three regions in a singular event, the observed reduction in methane levels would mean ... But the methane might be also produced each summer, released when the ground warms and expands to open pores containing methane ... But the story of how this methane was released remains unclear. The hotspots might have produced a single burst of methane in ...
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16429-methane-pockets-may-narrow-search-for-mars-life/
20060305 chapelhill methane - Wilco
Agricultural Methane | RGGI, Inc.Agricultural Methane | RGGI, Inc.
Agricultural Methane Avoided Methane Emissions from Agricultural Manure Management offset projects capture and destroy methane ... To qualify for the award of CO2 offset allowances, agricultural methane offset projects must:. *Destroy methane generated by an ... Emissions reductions are determined by estimating the potential methane emissions in tons of CO2e that would have been emitted ... Certain general additionality requirements do not apply to agricultural methane offset projects if:. *The offset project is ...
https://www.rggi.org/index.php/allowance-tracking/offsets/offset-categories/agricultural-methane
SVS: Sources of MethaneSVS: Sources of Methane
Methane is produced under conditions where little to no oxygen is available. About 30% of methane emissions are produced by ... Global Methane Budget. The NASA SVS visualization presented here shows the complex patterns of methane emissions produced ... In the atmosphere, methane is eventually removed by reactive gases that convert it to carbon dioxide. Understanding the three- ... Other methane emission sources come from inventories of human activity. The height of Earths atmosphere and topography have ...
https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4799
Methane EarthMethane Earth
Publications with keywords: methane - Earth Publications with words: methane - Earth See also: *Earthset from Orion ... Atmospheric methane has doubled over the past 200 years, and its smothering potency is over 20 times that of CO2. Methane may ... Explanation: Can you help in reducing this blanket of methane gas that is warming up our Earth? Recent evidence holds that ... As most methane is produced biologically, the gas is sometimes associated with bathroom humor. The largest abundance released ...
http://www.astronet.ru/db/xware/msg/apod/2002-02-12
Coalbed MethaneCoalbed Methane
This months column is titled Seismic Guides Interpretation in the Ferron Coalbed Methane Play. ... coalbed methane (CBM) resources - exploration and production - represent one of our most active areas. ... Maverick Basin might develop into the next hot coalbed methane play. ...
https://www.aapg.org/science/play-types/coalbed-methane/currentpage/12
Indias Mars Orbiter Mission Has a Methane Problem | SpaceIndia's Mars Orbiter Mission Has a Methane Problem | Space
The methane-detecting instrument aboard the ISRO MOM spacecraft has been re-purposed after NASA scientists uncovered a design ... "But the reality is we wont seeing any detections of methane from the Mars methane sensor on MOM." ... "The Methane sensor onboard MOM has been sending data about atmospheric Methane of planet MARS and the data received is under ... The net effect is that there is no way that one can back out those two signals in order to retrieve a methane signal," he said. ...
https://www.space.com/34943-india-mars-orbiter-mission-methane-detector-flaw-red-planet.html
Mexicos Methane Emissions Threaten the Environment | Inter Press ServiceMexico's Methane Emissions Threaten the Environment | Inter Press Service
... at a time when the country is having difficulty reducing methane emissions ... Mexicos Methane Emissions Threaten the Environment. By Emilio Godoy Reprint , , Print , ,En español ... In 2013 the country emitted 126 million tonnes of methane into the atmosphere, of which 54 million were from the stock rearing ... Burning and venting gas at facilities of the state group PEMEX increases methane emissions in Mexico. Credit: Emilio Godoy/IPS ...
http://www.ipsnews.net/2017/07/mexicos-methane-emissions-threaten-environment/
Earth Matters | Scientists look for methane solutionsEarth Matters | Scientists look for methane solutions
Scientists look for methane solutions Share this:. *Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) ... The majority of methane is released via burps (not the other way as many think) with the second largest source being manure ... Current success in reducing methane has been through the use of a warm water non-native algae species added to the feed. Moss ... The states largest contributor to methane production is cattle. The two million plus dairy and beef cattle are a major source ...
https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2019/02/28/earth-matters-scientists-look-for-methane-solutions/
Bacteria generate electricity from methane - ScienceBlog.comBacteria generate electricity from methane - ScienceBlog.com
The bacteria, Candidatus Methanoperedens, use methane to grow and naturally occur in fresh water such as ditches and lakes. In ... Through this approach, the researchers managed to convert 31 percent of the methane into electricity, but they aim at higher ... In a new publication, microbiologists from Radboud University have demonstrated that it is possible to make methane-consuming ... "In the current biogas installations, methane is produced by microorganisms and subsequently burnt, which drives a turbine, thus ...
https://scienceblog.com/529594/bacteria-generate-electricity-from-methane/
RealClimate: An Arctic methane worst-case scenarioRealClimate: An Arctic methane worst-case scenario
We ran the numbers to get an idea of how the climate impact of an Arctic Methane Nasty Surprise would ... Lets suppose that the Arctic started to degas methane 100 times faster than it is today. I just made that number up trying to ... With so much more methane in the atmosphere, OH would be diminished, adding to methanes lifetime. And when the methane is ... "An Arctic methane worst-case scenario" the marine based methane must also be considered. The marine methane is also in the ...
https://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2012/01/an-arctic-methane-worst-case-scenario/
CDC - Mining - Methane Content of Gulf Coast Domal Rock Salt - NIOSHCDC - Mining - Methane Content of Gulf Coast Domal Rock Salt - NIOSH
Mining Publication: Methane Content of Gulf Coast Domal Rock Salt. Keywords: Gas emissions Methane Methane control Salts ... The presence of higher hydrocarbons appears to be useful in detecting methane hazards where some methane may be lost before gas ... Large-scale methane releases in domal salt mines have resulted in ignitions and mine fatalities as recently as 1979. Several ... Remote Methane Sensors. *Reservoir Rock Properties of Coal Measure Strata of the Lower Monongahela Group, Greene County ( ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/works/coversheet333.html
Avoided Methane EmissionsReduce methaneLeaksAtmosphereAtmospheric2022EmissionReduction2017Sources of methanePotent greenhouse20202030CoalOxidation of methaneMillions of tons of methane pollutionScientistsTons of methaneImpact of methaneAmount of methaneRelease of methaneLeak2021AnaerobicConcentrationsNASA'sFocus on reducinClimate change and methaneCarbon dioxide and methaneVolatile organic cGlobalSeepsCaliforniaTimescaleConversion of methaneEnvironment Programme2016PlumesEnteric methaneIndustry's methaneEmitterProcessesResearchersSource of methaneEffect of methanePounds of methaneAmounts of methaneControls on methaneDetection of methaneEmissions of methaneProduction of methaneQuantities of methaneGreenhouse gas methaneHydrogen2018MitigationAnthropogenicPollutionEstimatesLarge methaneAnother methaneNatural methaneAgricultural methaneConcentration
Avoided Methane Emissions1
  • Avoided Methane Emissions from Agricultural Manure Management offset projects capture and destroy methane from animal manure and organic food waste using anaerobic digesters. (rggi.org)
Reduce methane16
  • IPIECA works with its members to reduce methane emissions. (ipieca.org)
  • Fortunately, research originating from Australia has shown that supplementing cattle feed with algae or seaweed can significantly reduce methane production from cattle digestion. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • Recent research has shown that changes in feeding strategies, such as supplemental seaweed feed additives (used at 1-2 percent of feed material) can reduce methane production from cattle by up to 99 percent. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • Test species will be grown at the aquaculture center and then sent to cattle research facilities to test their ability to reduce methane generation. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • Our focus is on finding native species that can be used to reduce methane generation" notes Moss Landing psychologist Michael Graham. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • A burst of state and federal action to reduce methane waste and pollution has created an unparalleled moment for improving public health in New Mexico, especially for vulnerable populations. (abqjournal.com)
  • The EU methane strategy aims to reduce methane emissions, improve air quality and reinforce the EU's global leadership in the fight against climate change. (europa.eu)
  • Angus Australia's commitment to this cutting-edge collaborative project, shows how our organisation and members, Angus beef cattle farmers, will be part of the solution to develop tools to reduce methane emissions of livestock. (efeedlink.com)
  • That's why we decided to spotlight how you can reduce methane emissions starting today. (gaspro.ca)
  • Keep reading to learn the five ways to reduce methane emissions with Gaspro compressions technology. (gaspro.ca)
  • Now that you know how you can reduce methane emissions with GasPro compressions, it's time to create a plan and get started today. (gaspro.ca)
  • The plan to reduce methane emissions was introduced in 2018 by the NDP. (albertaworker.ca)
  • Alberta's regulations will reduce methane emissions over the next 5 years by 18.59 megatonnes of CO 2 equivalent, which is 0.12 megatonnes less than the federal regulations. (albertaworker.ca)
  • One way the oil and gas industry tries to reduce methane emissions is by flaring, or burning off, what they consider excess gas. (newsflash.one)
  • TAP Joins Initiative To Reduce Methane Emissions. (menafn.com)
  • The results showed that the addition of MCFAs all could significantly reduce methane (CH4 ) production and the number of rumen protozoa, methanogens, and methanobrevibacter under the two diets with the dosages increased (p (bvsalud.org)
Leaks18
  • The survey excluded non-point sources, such as small natural gas leaks from millions of homes, because even though they may have a collective impact on atmospheric methane levels, their individual emissions are below the detection levels of this method. (nasa.gov)
  • Sept 27 (Reuters) - Methane leaks have emerged as a top threat to the global climate, with the latest incident involving two Russian gas pipelines under the Baltic Sea that are at the heart of an energy crisis since Russia invaded Ukraine. (reuters.com)
  • Estimates of methane venting and leaks from the natural gas supply chain have been the subject of much controversy, due to the uncertainties in methods, data quality and assumptions used. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • The regulations identify the risks of fracking fluid leaks, heightened demand for water, pollution caused by well emissions of methane and other volatile organic compounds, pollution caused by toxic substance release and by the return of injected fluid and connate water to ground level from the drill hole. (ipsnews.net)
  • Methane gas (often known as natural gas) has heated the homes of many Americans for over a century - and for over a century, it has been prone to leaks, putting communities and the environment in danger. (environmentamerica.org)
  • With growing awareness of the impact of methane leaks on the climate, and with growing availability of safer alternatives, it is clear that gas has no place in a modern clean energy network. (environmentamerica.org)
  • Gas leaks reported to the federal government resulted in the release of 26.6 billion cubic feet of methane gas from 2010 through October 2021, equivalent in its effects on global warming to emissions from over 2.4 million passenger vehicles driven for a year. (environmentamerica.org)
  • While efforts to reduce leaks from gas distribution systems have made some progress, reliance on methane gas is inconsistent with the need to decarbonize the nation's energy system by mid-century. (environmentamerica.org)
  • Most of the industry's methane pollution comes from leaks and intentional venting, and there is also methane leakage from the extraction, processing, and storage of oil and gas processes. (earthday.org)
  • A puzzling concentration of the greenhouse gas methane over the Southwestern United States appears to come mostly from leaks in natural gas production, scientists said Monday. (abc15.com)
  • In the Operator Performance Dashboard, oil and gas company technicians and regulators can filter the map of detected methane leaks by company name and/or view dynamic charts of how the selected company ranks amongst its peers in terms of methane emission rates. (esri.com)
  • New Mexico is home to some of the worst methane pollution in the country with 1.1 million metric tons of methane being released through venting, flaring, and leaks - the equivalent of all the greenhouse gas pollution created by almost 8 million cars per year. (abqjournal.com)
  • The Nord Stream pipeline leaks that were pumping huge volumes of methane into the Baltic Sea and atmosphere could discharge as much as five times as much of the potent greenhouse as was released by the Aliso Canyon disaster, the largest known terrestrial release of methane in U.S. history. (click2houston.com)
  • The White House now wants to lift Obama-era requirements that oil and gas companies use technology to monitor and repair potential methane leaks from across the supply chain-from wells, pipelines, and storage facilities. (slate.com)
  • The legislation which also includes hundreds of millions of dollars in incentives for the industry to monitor and clean up methane leaks, comes amid increasing scrutiny of methane, the primary component of natural gas, which pound-for-pound has more than 80 times the heat-trapping power of carbon dioxide. (bnnbloomberg.ca)
  • Any fees would come alongside separate Environmental Protection Agency efforts to limit methane emissions, including proposals to strengthen requirements for companies to find and plug leaks at hundreds of thousands of oil and gas wells. (bnnbloomberg.ca)
  • There are several large-scale methane leaks around the world, mostly coming from fossil fuel infrastructure. (buzz.ie)
  • Lauvaux and other scientists have observed more than 1,500 major methane leaks globally, and potentially tens of thousands of smaller leaks, using satellites, he said. (newsflash.one)
Atmosphere34
  • The amount of methane in Earth's atmosphere continues to rise . (nasa.gov)
  • Researchers synthesized all known data about methane from emissions inventories , atmospheric measurements, and models to assemble a global " methane budget " that details which processes add the gas to the atmosphere and which remove it. (nasa.gov)
  • Concentrations of methane now exceed 1875 parts per billion, about 2.5 times as much as was in the atmosphere in the 1850s. (nasa.gov)
  • There is evidence that significant amounts of carbon from thawing permafrost may be entering rivers as dissolved carbon rather than being emitted to the atmosphere as methane. (nasa.gov)
  • the latest scientific understanding of methane interaction in the atmosphere, the global methane cycle, methane's contribution to global warming and the different approaches to methane measurement. (ipieca.org)
  • Like carbon dioxide, methane traps heat in the atmosphere, but it does so more efficiently and for a shorter period of time. (nasa.gov)
  • After being largely ignored for decades, scientists now know that methane is much more potent than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas in the short term, even though it lingers for only a decade in the atmosphere before breaking down while CO2 lingers for centuries. (reuters.com)
  • While scientists can accurately measure the level of methane in the atmosphere, understanding where it is coming from is crucial for policymakers seeking to impose regulations that reduce the emissions. (reuters.com)
  • The researchers hope that one day, this method can be used to either store methane and keep it from getting into the atmosphere, or as a building block for methane or hydrogen fuel cells, which could power cleaner, greener cars. (popsci.com)
  • Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and over the last two centuries its concentration in the atmosphere has more than doubled. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Methane is a very strong climate forcer, with a global warming potential far greater than carbon dioxide, but it is relatively short-lived in the atmosphere. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Methane gas in the Martian atmosphere is concentrated in three specific regions, according to the most sensitive measurements yet made. (newscientist.com)
  • Either way, the lifetime of methane in the atmosphere is unexpectedly short. (newscientist.com)
  • In 2006, methane levels in the Martian atmosphere were 50% lower during the local springtime than they were in the 2003 Martian summer. (newscientist.com)
  • Emissions are transported through the atmosphere as weather systems move and mix methane around the globe. (nasa.gov)
  • In the atmosphere, methane is eventually removed by reactive gases that convert it to carbon dioxide. (nasa.gov)
  • Understanding the three-dimensional distribution of methane is important for NASA scientists planning observations that sample the atmosphere in very different ways. (nasa.gov)
  • Aircraft, like those launched during NASA's Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABOVE) sample the atmosphere along very specific flight lines, providing additional details about the processes controlling methane emissions at high latitudes. (nasa.gov)
  • The problem has to do with how the instrument collects and processes detections of methane in the atmosphere, a technique known as spectroscopy. (space.com)
  • In 2013 the country emitted 126 million tonnes of methane into the atmosphere, of which 54 million were from the stock rearing sector, 31 million from oil and gas, and 27 million from waste products. (ipsnews.net)
  • The traces of methane in the atmosphere are small but they have a great impact on climate. (mpg.de)
  • While methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than CO2, there is over 200 times more CO2 in the atmosphere. (skepticalscience.com)
  • Maybe there is a lot more CO2 in the atmosphere than methane, but what percentage of each those gases are human activities responsible for? (skepticalscience.com)
  • Though there is considerably less of it put into the atmosphere each year, methane is twenty times more powerful as a greenhouse gas than carbon-dioxide or CO2. (commondreams.org)
  • The GCMS, which descended with five other instruments on the probe through the moon's thick atmosphere on Jan. 14, 2005, also found evidence of liquid methane in the surface material. (spaceref.com)
  • The origin of methane in Titan's atmosphere is a mystery because it gets broken down by sunlight and particle radiation from space in the upper atmosphere. (spaceref.com)
  • Methane emissions from the sea floor affect methane inputs into the atmosphere, ocean acidification and de-oxygenation, the distribution of chemosynthetic communities and energy resources. (harvard.edu)
  • A runaway natural gas leak from a storage facility in the hills above Los Angeles is shaping up as a significant ecological disaster, state officials and experts say, with more than 150 million pounds of methane pouring into the atmosphere so far and no immediate end in sight. (blogspot.com)
  • Besides being an explosive hazard, the methane being released is a powerful greenhouse gas, more potent than carbon dioxide in trapping heat in the lower atmosphere. (blogspot.com)
  • Globally, Turkmenistan is among the worst offenders for releasing methane into the atmosphere, while Saudi Arabia is among the best at capturing it, based on satellite observations, Lauvaux said. (newsflash.one)
  • The quantity of methane in Mars' atmosphere, and the potential mechanism(s) responsible for its production, are still unknown. (edu.au)
  • The Global Carbon Project (GCP) publishes an up-date of the global methane (CH4) sources and sinks to the atmosphere. (awi.de)
  • It is not unusual to find methane seeping to the atmosphere in these regions, because it naturally occurs in sedimentary basins that contain coal,' says Dr Damian Barrett , Stream Leader of the Water in the Resources Sector at CSIRO's Water for a Healthy Country Flagship, and an adjunct professor at Centre for Water in the Minerals Industry at the University of Queensland. (ecosmagazine.com)
  • It is thought that, globally, around 60-80 million tonnes of methane naturally seep into the atmosphere each year from geological sources. (ecosmagazine.com)
Atmospheric15
  • This 3D volumetric visualization shows the emission and transport of atmospheric methane around the globe between December 9, 2017 and December 1, 2018. (nasa.gov)
  • This layer of the visualization includes the Earth with the global atmospheric methane emission and transport. (nasa.gov)
  • Atmospheric methane has doubled over the past 200 years, and its smothering potency is over 20 times that of CO 2 . (astronet.ru)
  • More than two years after its pioneering Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) reached the red planet, the Indian Space Research Organization has yet to release highly anticipated measurements of atmospheric methane, a gas which on Earth is strongly tied to life. (space.com)
  • ISRO spokesman Deviprasad Karnik emailed the following statement to Seeker: "The Methane sensor onboard MOM has been sending data about atmospheric Methane of planet MARS and the data received is under analysis. (space.com)
  • Increasing atmospheric release of methane, which is far more polluting than carbon dioxide (CO2) and which is emitted along the entire chain of production, is threatening the climate goals adopted by Mexico within the Paris Agreement which aims to contain global warming. (ipsnews.net)
  • Using the modtran model on line I get a radiative forcing from 10 * atmospheric methane of 3.4 Watts/m 2 (the difference in the instantaneous IR flux out, labeled I out , between cases with and without 10x methane). (realclimate.org)
  • Their resulting estimates for methane emissions by location varied widely from numbers currently reported by inventories such as the European Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). (thedairysite.com)
  • A new study suggests that human have been producing traceable amounts of atmospheric methane earlier than thought. (enn.com)
  • Instead, the spikes of atmospheric methane matched a pattern of human events, including development from the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty in China. (enn.com)
  • But our findings show that man has influenced atmospheric methane for much longer than we thought, so we have to look further back in time to be sure we are looking at the behaviour of natural methane emissions. (enn.com)
  • While the sheer volume of human released carbon dioxide and its warming affects probably are far greater than that of human released methane, humanity seems to have changed the concentration of atmospheric methane much more than that of carbon dioxide. (skepticalscience.com)
  • Components of the methane molecules react with each other and atmospheric nitrogen. (spaceref.com)
  • Methane coupling to produce C 2 hydrocarbons was studied with a newly developed rotary helix electrode in glow discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure. (pku.edu.cn)
  • Methane Coupling in Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge Plasma with a Rotary Helix Electrode[J].Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
20222
  • This is a summary of the article, "Emission Accomplished: Cattle Burp Methane Expulsion Measured From Space for First Time," published by the Science X Network on May 2, 2022. (medscape.com)
  • Cows Burp Enough Methane to Be Spotted by Satellites - Medscape - May 06, 2022. (medscape.com)
Emission15
  • These findings illustrate the importance of monitoring point sources across multiple sectors [of the economy] and broad regions, both for improved understanding of methane budgets and to support emission mitigation efforts,' said the lead scientist on the study, Riley Duren, who conducted the work for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. (nasa.gov)
  • Results will also be used to help state and local agencies and businesses prioritize investments in methane-emission mitigation. (nasa.gov)
  • We're talking about methane emissions from different emission sectors like landfills, the agricultural sector, it's sort of agnostic of sector. (krqe.com)
  • Wetland emissions were estimated by the LPJ-wsl model, which simulates the temperature and moisture dependent methane emission processes using a variety of satellite data to determine what parts of the globe are covered by wetlands. (nasa.gov)
  • Other methane emission sources come from inventories of human activity. (nasa.gov)
  • The steady-state methane concentration in the air scales nearly linearly with the emission rate. (realclimate.org)
  • Let's err on the side of flamboyance (great word in this context) and say the concentration of methane in the air goes up by a factor of 10 for the duration of the extra methane emission (meaning that the lifetime doubles). (realclimate.org)
  • But current estimates of total livestock methane emissions may rely on outdated emission factors and do not fully consider feed intake and differences in animal diets, or the facilities used to store manure. (thedairysite.com)
  • These data gaps lead to large uncertainties in methane emission figures. (thedairysite.com)
  • As announced in the EU methane strategy, the Commission adopted on 15 December 2021 a proposal for a regulation aimed at reducing methane emission in the energy sector . (europa.eu)
  • Population increases in the east have demanded increased rice production and the consequent increase in methane emission. (skepticalscience.com)
  • It will focus on compiling existing and creating new data on beef cattle methane emissions, measured specifically for genetic evaluation, with the aim to generate methane emission research breeding values. (efeedlink.com)
  • Specifically, the project is aiming to record methane emission data on 2,000 Angus Steers from the ASBP, from Cohort 11 to Cohort 15. (efeedlink.com)
  • Bloomberg) -- The oil and gas industry would face a first-time fee on the excess emission of methane under a breakthrough spending agreement reached on Wednesday by Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer and Senator Joe Manchin. (bnnbloomberg.ca)
  • Yet our understanding of how to identify natural background methane emission levels and track 'fugitive' emissions associated with leakages from gas infrastructure remains limited. (ecosmagazine.com)
Reduction18
  • updates from some of the current voluntary methane emissions reduction initiatives. (ipieca.org)
  • learnings from recent efforts in developing and setting methane reduction targets. (ipieca.org)
  • If the EPA's proposal is enacted and industry is required to capture methane emissions, there is a side benefit: a reduction in volatile organic compounds, which are known to aggravate asthma and other respiratory conditions. (earthjustice.org)
  • If methane was somehow released by all three regions in a singular event, the observed reduction in methane levels would mean the lifetime of the gas is only four years long. (newscientist.com)
  • California enacted legislation in 2016 that mandated a 40 percent reduction from present-day methane emissions by 2030. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • Many are concerned that the added burden of meeting California methane reduction goals could drive dairy owners out of business. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • A number of native California species of red algae have high levels of bromoforms (the active biochemicals) and researchers anticipate these species will have similar methane reduction capabilities. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • Dr. Luke Gardner notes that the greenhouse gas benefits of raising algae close to the end user is significant and makes the search for local native species an important part of the methane reduction equation. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • A successful commercial facility for production of seaweed for use in reducing methane production in cattle will not only have strong local and statewide economic impacts but will lead to technologies and services that can be exported to facilitate methane reduction at national and global scales. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • And that means that preventing each ton of methane emissions over the next couple of decades will deliver far more near-term temperature reduction than a ton of CO 2 reductions. (nrdc.org)
  • This new methane law will result in an overall reduction of 510,000 metric tons of annual methane pollution and also result in the annual reduction of 210,000 tons of smog. (earthday.org)
  • Reducing methane emissions is one of the priority initiatives in the European Green Deal and the EU's methane strategy , published in October 2020, which shows promising potential to boost EU efforts towards key climate objectives, such as an increased ambition on greenhouse gas reduction. (europa.eu)
  • A Bioreactor Approach to Investigate the Linkage between Methane Oxidation and Nitrate/Nitrite Reduction in the Pelagic Oxic-Anoxic Transition Zone of the Central Baltic Sea. (io-warnemuende.de)
  • Both the federal and provincial governments had regulations come into effect at the start of 2020, which would mandate methane reduction in the oil and gas industry in Alberta. (albertaworker.ca)
  • Our observations support recent findings from non-steady-state post-glacial sedimentary successions, suggesting that iron reduction below the SMTZ, probably driven by iron-mediated anaerobic oxidation of methane (Fe-AOM), is coupled to phosphorus cycling on a much greater spatial scale than previously assumed. (copernicus.org)
  • This research focuses on the evaluation of the optimum condition of COD reduction and methane generation simultaneously from leaf debris sludge using Box-Behnken model. (csircentral.net)
  • The high reduction rate of around 97% shows there is ample opportunity for further research on low pH treatment of waste along with recovery as methane. (csircentral.net)
  • Action Plan for Methane Emissions Reduction by 2030. (fao.org)
20174
  • The figure above shows the changes in methane emissions from 2017 compared to the 2000-2006 average and sorted by region. (nasa.gov)
  • BASF has been researching methane pyrolysis since 2010, and between 2013 and 2017 also as part of a BMBF -funded joint project. (basf.com)
  • MEXICO CITY, Jul 8 2017 (IPS) - Mexico is in transition towards commercial exploitation of its shale gas, which is being included in two auctions of 24 hydrocarbon blocks, at a time when the country is having difficulty preventing and reducing industrial methane emissions. (ipsnews.net)
  • During my staying at the beach in Pinarella in 2017, I went on a trip with a ferry in the middle of the see to look at the oil/methane well we have in the middle of the Adriatic Sea. (eiencafe.com)
Sources of methane3
  • For instance, ABoVE researchers recently made hyperspectral airborne observations that confirmed the existence of millions of sources of methane around small ponds and lakes in Alaska and western Canada. (nasa.gov)
  • The video above is a data visualization that highlights several different sources of methane emissions produced around the globe and throughout the year. (nasa.gov)
  • This means that when Frank Keppler, together with his working group from the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry and the Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg discovered new sources of methane, it is also relevant to the understanding of the climate. (mpg.de)
Potent greenhouse4
  • Methane is an incredibly potent greenhouse gas, much stronger than carbon dioxide. (popsci.com)
  • US - Cattle, swine and poultry contribute a hefty portion to the average American's diet, but raising all this livestock comes at a cost to the environment: The industry produces a lot of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. (thedairysite.com)
  • COPENHAGEN - Methane leaking from the damaged Nord Stream pipelines is likely to be the biggest burst of the potent greenhouse gas on record, by far. (click2houston.com)
  • A monstrous cloud of accumulated methane-a potent greenhouse gas-is now hovering over a large portion of the western United States according to satellite imagery analyzed by NASA and reported by the Washington Post . (commondreams.org)
20203
  • On 2 November 2020, IPIECA held a virtual methane workshop , which brought together industry members, scientists, regulators and intergovernmental organization representatives from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise. (ipieca.org)
  • After decades focusing on the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, policymakers have begun to recognise the threat posed by methane, and last year over 100 nations signed a pledge to slash methane emissions by 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. (reuters.com)
  • The pact between the US and the EU sets a target of cutting at least 30 per cent from global methane emissions , based on 2020 levels, by 2030. (buzz.ie)
20303
  • Available targeted methane measures, together with additional measures that contribute to priority development goals, can simultaneously reduce [global] human-caused methane emissions by as much as 45 per cent, or 180 million tonnes a year (Mt/yr) by 2030. (nrdc.org)
  • With the Australian red meat industry committing to a net zero emissions target by 2030, breeding for low methane emissions is an attractive strategy due to its potential to deliver cumulative and permanent change in the national beef herd over generations. (efeedlink.com)
  • A panel of United Nations-backed scientists warns that global methane emissions must be reduced by a third by 2030 to help slow the planet's warming. (medscape.com)
Coal10
  • The use of infrared sensors for monitoring indicates that more incombustible material is methane underground is examined by C.D. required to inert the coal and rock dust sample, Taylor, J.E. Chilton and A.L. Martikainen. (cdc.gov)
  • Across the study years, wetlands contributed 30 percent of global methane emissions, with oil, gas, and coal activities accounting for 20 percent. (nasa.gov)
  • Methane release during coal mining creates unsafe working conditions in underground coal mines around the world. (unece.org)
  • This Guidance is intended to provide a genuine contribution to improve mine safety practices at active underground coal mines, by supporting safer mining practices to reduce fatalities, injuries, and property losses, while encouraging the use of coal mine methane (CMM) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and utilize otherwise -wasted energy resources. (unece.org)
  • The nearest term opportunities are domestic and international steps to stop methane leakage in gas, oil, and coal production. (nrdc.org)
  • Similar measures are needed to stop methane leakage from both active and abandoned coal mines. (nrdc.org)
  • At the November meeting of the parties to the Paris Climate Agreement in Glasgow, all countries need to up their game on methane leakage from oil, gas, and coal operations. (nrdc.org)
  • For coal, the proposal envisages a phase out of venting and flaring of methane, ensuring that safety aspects in coal mines are accounted for. (europa.eu)
  • Recently, attention has focused on methane seepage associated with coal seam gas extraction. (ecosmagazine.com)
  • Methane migrates to the surface via pore spaces in layers of rock and overburden, or in fissures, cracks and outcrops of geological layers that connect with the coal seam. (ecosmagazine.com)
Oxidation of methane10
  • Aerobic oxidation of methane in seawater consumes oxygen and acidifies the ocean, acting as a negative feedback that perhaps facilitated the rapid and mysterious termination of glaciation in the early Miocene. (nature.com)
  • Does the oxidation of methane leave an isotopic fingerprint in the geologic record? (nature.com)
  • A marine microbial consortium apparently mediating anaerobic oxidation of methane. (nature.com)
  • Niemann, H. & Elvert, M. Diagnostic lipid biomarker and stable carbon isotope signatures of microbial communities mediating the anaerobic oxidation of methane with sulphate. (nature.com)
  • Stability of Ni/SiO 2 in Partial Oxidation of Methane: Effects of W Modification [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2019, 35(6): 607-615. (pku.edu.cn)
  • Preparation and Characterization of Sinter-Resistant Rh-Sm 2 O 3 /SiO 2 Catalyst and Its Performance for Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
  • Pd/Co 3 O 4 Nanoparticles Inlaid in Alkaline Al 2 O 3 Nanosheets as an Efficient Catalyst for Catalytic Oxidation of Methane [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
  • Catalytic Behaviors and Stability of Y 2 O 3 -Modified Ni/SiO 2 for Partial Oxidation of Methane into Synthesis Gas [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
  • Hydrogen Production from Partial Oxidation of Methane by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Reforming [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
  • The DTA response results from the catalytic oxidation of methane, and its characteristics should correlate with the pellistor response. (copernicus.org)
Millions of tons of methane pollution2
  • The oil and gas industry is carelessly leaking millions of tons of methane pollution and toxic chemicals into the air that harm our health and speed up climate change. (earthjustice.org)
  • For a long time, oil and gas companies have been allowed to release millions of tons of methane pollution into the air which have had a tremendous impact to the public health and long term stability of our climate. (earthday.org)
Scientists20
  • NASA scientists are helping California create a detailed, statewide inventory of methane point sources - highly concentrated methane releases from single sources - using a specialized airborne sensor. (nasa.gov)
  • Scientists estimate that most methane emissions in California are driven by industrial facilities, such as oil and gas fields, large dairies and landfills. (nasa.gov)
  • Scientists normally compare the warming effects of methane and carbon dioxide over one century, and over that timescale methane is 28 times worse. (reuters.com)
  • Scientists around the world are working to better understand the budget of methane with the ultimate goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving prediction of environmental change. (nasa.gov)
  • Mumma and other scientists are now pinning their hopes on getting Mars methane measurements from Europe's newly arrived Trace Gas Orbiter. (space.com)
  • Karnik did not address questions about scientists' ability to ferret out methane signals from the data. (space.com)
  • The scientists also propose a mechanism which could explain the abiotic production of methane, i.e. without the aid of enzymes, in plant cells. (mpg.de)
  • This is characterized by the fact that its methyl group has a high content of the heavy carbon isotope 13-C. On several consecutive days after the start of the experiment, the scientists analysed the air from the container in a mass spectrometer and discovered methane with a relatively high amount of heavy carbon. (mpg.de)
  • Many sources for a greenhouse gas: For decades scientists only knew volcanoes and forest fires as abiotic methane sources, in which the gas is formed in a non-biochemistry way. (mpg.de)
  • Created by years of intentionally released and errantly leaked natural gas during fossil fuel drilling operations, the cloud-invisible to the human eye but captured by advanced satellite imaging technology-is centered over northwest New Mexico and described by the Post as "a permanent, Delaware-sized methane cloud, so vast that scientists questioned their own data when they first studied it three years ago. (commondreams.org)
  • Though the industry has longed ignored the dangers of so-called gas "flaring"-in which excess methane is simply burned off during oil and gas drilling or processing-environmenalists and climate scientists have long been sounding the alarm about methane's impact when it comes to global warming and other ecological hazards. (commondreams.org)
  • Nevertheless, Niemann's team of scientists used Goddard's GCMS instrument to rule out a biological source for Titan's methane. (spaceref.com)
  • Scientists have theorized that at Titan's cold temperatures, liquid methane plays the role of water on Earth, while deeply frozen water substitutes for rock. (spaceref.com)
  • Methane from cattle burping in a California feed lot has been detected on satellites in something scientists studying animal science at the University of California at Davis say sheds light on how agriculture may be contributing to climate change. (medscape.com)
  • Scientists and environmental experts say the Aliso Canyon leak instantly became the biggest single source of methane emissions in all of California when it began two months ago. (blogspot.com)
  • Climate scientists have found that methane emissions from the oil and gas industry are far worse than what companies are reporting, despite claims by some major firms that they've reduced their emissions. (newsflash.one)
  • Scientists measuring methane from satellites in space have found that methane emissions from oil and gas operations are usually at least twice what companies reported, said Thomas Lauvaux, a scientist at University of Reims in France. (newsflash.one)
  • Some companies do capture methane instead of just releasing it, but more could adopt the practice, scientists said. (newsflash.one)
  • A study released Thursday by scientists at the University of Michigan found that flaring releases five times more methane in the U.S. than previously thought. (newsflash.one)
  • Scientists are unsure whether such phenomena are due to natural methane seepage or regional CSG extraction. (ecosmagazine.com)
Tons of methane2
  • An updated analysis estimates that Pennsylvania's oil and gas companies emit at over 1.1 million tons of methane annually. (edf.org)
  • Jackson and David Hastings, a retired chemical oceanographer in Gainesville, Florida each calculated that would be an equivalent of roughly half a million metric tons of methane. (click2houston.com)
Impact of methane2
  • Assess the impact of methane emissions on the climate, human health and on ecosystems. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • The leak is dramatic, but it doesn't compare to the daily impact of methane emitters such as agricultural operations, Archer said. (newsflash.one)
Amount of methane2
  • The analysis - based on peer-reviewed research and emissions data collected at Pennsylvania well sites - examines both the total amount of methane and volatile organic compounds emitted from oil and gas sites. (edf.org)
  • These gobs with different widths contain a considerable amount of methane. (edu.au)
Release of methane1
  • I am curious as to what additional slower "earth-system" feedbacks might be indicated by the release of the methane…i.e. what kind of biological changes might occur to arctic regions by the melting of permafrost and release of methane that will add a longer-term feedback response that needs to accounted for before any sort of new equalibrium would be reached. (realclimate.org)
Leak6
  • Initial results have been shared with facility operators in California to make them aware of the need to improve their methane-leak detection processes and to institute better controls on methane emissions. (nasa.gov)
  • During an Earth's surface mineral dust source investigation, a NASA camera captured a large methane leak near Carlsbad on August 26. (krqe.com)
  • Operators in the area have been asked to provide data as the Oil and Conservation Division (OCD) is investigating the methane leak, according to Division Director Adrienne Sandoval. (krqe.com)
  • Methane, the main component of natural gas, can leak from pipelines and drill sites, and is also emitted from farming and food waste. (reuters.com)
  • Do methane leak detection and repair programs reduce emissions? (marketplace.org)
  • There's been another leak at a Los Angeles-area natural gas storage field where the nation's largest methane release forced thousands of people from their homes. (thebigwobble.org)
20214
  • Does 2021 Infrastructure Bill Include 'Methane Tax' on Cattle, Pigs? (snopes.com)
  • The Build Back Better Act of 2021 included proposals to introduce a "methane tax" that would equate to $2,600 per head of cattle and $500 per head of swine. (snopes.com)
  • In October and November 2021, readers asked Snopes to examine the accuracy of social media posts that claimed that the Build Back Better Act, a major budget and infrastructure bill, contained a "methane tax" of around $2,600 per head of cattle, and around $500 per swine, per year. (snopes.com)
  • At the time those claims were made, and as of Nov. 2, 2021, the Build Back Better Act did not contain a tax or fee on methane that would equate to thousands of dollars per head of cattle, or hundreds of dollars per head of swine. (snopes.com)
Anaerobic2
  • Emissions reductions are determined by estimating the potential methane emissions in tons of CO 2 e that would have been emitted under a site-specific baseline scenario of uncontrolled anaerobic waste storage practices. (rggi.org)
  • Estimated emissions reductions may not exceed measured emissions reductions, as represented by the annual volume of methane produced by the anaerobic digester and then collected and destroyed. (rggi.org)
Concentrations5
  • Concentrations of methane have increased by more than 150% since industrial activities and intensive agriculture began. (nasa.gov)
  • For example, high methane concentrations over South America are driven by wetland emissions while over Asia, emissions reflect a mix of agricultural and industrial activities. (nasa.gov)
  • Methane is very dangerous to the human body and in high concentrations can form smog which can trigger asthma attacks in children. (earthday.org)
  • An international team of researchers looked at carbon isotopes in methane trapped in air bubbles from Arctic ice cores, to reveal the different levels and concentrations of methane. (enn.com)
  • Water column samples taken in summer 2008 from the stratified Gotland Deep (central Baltic Sea) showed a strong gradient in dissolved methane concentrations from high values in the saline deep water (max. (io-warnemuende.de)
NASA's4
  • NASA's Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) is one major effort to improve our understanding of how climate change is affecting Arctic methane emissions. (nasa.gov)
  • Views from NASA's Methane Source Finder , a tool that provides methane data for the state of California. (nasa.gov)
  • They did not design this properly for the detection of methane on Mars," Michael Mumma, senior scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, told Seeker. (space.com)
  • Mumma and colleague Geronimo Villanueva, also at Goddard, analyzed the MOM methane instrument design as part of NASA's widening partnership with ISRO. (space.com)
Focus on reducin1
  • It will focus on reducing methane emissions in the energy, agriculture and waste sectors, as these areas account for almost the entirety of anthropogenic methane emissions. (europa.eu)
Climate change and methane2
  • Ruppel, C. D. & Kessler, J. D. The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates. (nature.com)
  • Air pollution and associated human mortality: The role of air pollutant emissions, climate change and methane concentration increases from the preindustrial period to present. (bvsalud.org)
Carbon dioxide and methane2
  • Satellites like GeoCarb , a planned geostationary mission to observe both carbon dioxide and methane, look down from space and will estimate the total number of methane molecules in a column of air. (nasa.gov)
  • Livestock emissions will be measured using world-class technology which records the amount of carbon dioxide and methane in an animal's breath as they eat an attractant. (efeedlink.com)
Volatile organic c1
  • The governor set the stage for the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) to put forward a strong proposal to protect our air and climate by cutting methane and ozone-forming volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by oil and gas operators. (abqjournal.com)
Global23
  • The increase was primarily fueled by human activities-especially agriculture and fossil fuels," explained Benjamin Poulter , a NASA scientist and coordinator of the wetland methane emissions estimates for the Global Carbon Project. (nasa.gov)
  • Methane hydrate dissociation has long been considered as a mechanism for global carbon cycle perturbations, climate change and even mass extinctions in Earth's history. (nature.com)
  • The biomarker evidence indicates that the hydrate destabilization was initiated during the peak of the Oligocene-Miocene boundary glaciation and sea-level low stand, consistent with our model results suggesting the decrease in hydrostatic pressure eroded the base of global methane hydrate stability zones. (nature.com)
  • For additional information, see the Global Methane Budget . (nasa.gov)
  • The "fracking" technique used to free shale gas and oil leave huge volumes of liquid waste that has to be treated for recycling, as well as methane emissions that are more polluting than CO2, the greenhouse gas responsible for most global warming. (ipsnews.net)
  • K.M. Walter, L.C. Smith, and F. Stuart Chapin, "Methane bubbling from northern lakes: present and future contributions to the global methane budget", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences , vol. 365, pp. 1657-1676, 2007. (realclimate.org)
  • That is a top-line message of this month's report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , and of the Global Methane Assessment released in June by the UN Environment Programme and the Climate and Clean Air Coalition. (nrdc.org)
  • The hot spot is not a local safety or health issue, but methane does contribute to global warming. (abc15.com)
  • The results will challenge global warming predictions, because what was assumed to be 'natural' levels of methane, have in fact been inflated by human activities since Roman times. (enn.com)
  • Revealing that human-induced methane was emitted prior to the industrial revolution where fossil fuel consumption really started to take off, changes the way we should asses global warming cycles. (enn.com)
  • On a 100-year timescale, methane has 28 times greater global warming potential than carbon dioxide and is 84 times more potent on a 20-year timescale. (europa.eu)
  • Approximately one third of global anthropogenic methane emissions come from the energy sector. (europa.eu)
  • Reducing methane emissions associated with human activity by 50% over the next 30 years could mitigate global temperature change by 0.2°C by 2050, a significant step towards keeping temperature increase below 2°C. (europa.eu)
  • The Commission also contributes to the Oil and Gas Methane Science Studies , which aim to address a lack of global measurement data in the oil and gas sector. (europa.eu)
  • I recently read that global methane emissions is on the rise. (skepticalscience.com)
  • Freshwaters are the one of the largest sources of global methane emissions and their contribution is expected to rise with global change. (cam.ac.uk)
  • In this talk, I explore how changes in vegetation cover surrounding freshwater may influence the global methane budget. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Methane is a very potent but short-lived greenhouse gas, where Global Warming Potentials are typically used to compare gases with 'CO2 equivalences', but there is growing acknowledgment of their limitations and a desire to use other metrics and time horizons. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Global methane flux from seabed cold seeps has only been estimated for continental shelves, at 8 to 65 Tg CH 4 yr -1 , yet other parts of marine continental margins are also emitting methane. (harvard.edu)
  • The European Union and the United States of America made a joint pledge to cut global methane emissions by almost a third in the next decade. (buzz.ie)
  • According to a UN report published in May , cutting methane emissions is the fastest way to halt global warming. (buzz.ie)
  • Methane emissions contribute to global warming, damage public health and reduce the yield of agricultural and forest ecosystems. (edu.au)
  • Methane has contributed one-quarter of of global warming to date,' Ford School professor Barry Rabe writes in 'Thought from Our Fellows' published by the National Academy of Public Administration. (umich.edu)
Seeps3
  • Jiang, G., Kennedy, M. J. & Christie-Blick, N. Stable isotopic evidence for methane seeps in Neoproterozoic postglacial cap carbonates. (nature.com)
  • The US Atlantic margin has not been considered an area of widespread seepage, with only three methane seeps recognized seaward of the shelf break. (harvard.edu)
  • About 440 seeps originate at water depths that bracket the updip limit for methane hydrate stability. (harvard.edu)
California4
  • This new remote-sensing technology addresses the continuing need for detailed, high-quality data about methane,' said California Air Resources Board Chair Mary D. Nichols. (nasa.gov)
  • The final report of the California Methane Survey will be available in the fall. (nasa.gov)
  • For example, the researchers found that the combined enteric and manure methane emissions from livestock in Texas and California were 36 per cent less and 100 per cent greater, respectively, than estimates by EDGAR. (thedairysite.com)
  • Methane emissions detected February 2 by satellites from the just one feedlot near Bakersfield, California, ranged from 977 pounds to 1472 pounds per hour ― a rate that if sustained for a year would release 5116 tons of gas , which is enough to power 15,402 homes . (medscape.com)
Timescale1
  • Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas that traps heat 28 times more effectively than carbon dioxide over a 100-year timescale. (nasa.gov)
Conversion of methane2
  • We grow the bacteria on one of the electrodes, to which the bacteria donate electrons resulting from the conversion of methane. (scienceblog.com)
  • Shuyi ZHANG,Jingxian BAO,Bo WU,Liangshu ZHONG,Yuhan SUN. Research Progress on the Photocatalytic Conversion of Methane and Methanol [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2019, 35(9): 923-939. (pku.edu.cn)
Environment Programme2
  • The Commission, and the EU more widely, is actively involved in several other international initiatives on reducing methane emissions, including through the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) , established under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (europa.eu)
  • Research at the Methane and Environment Programme, Sustainable Gas Institute at Imperial College London, examines the effect of the variability of methane emissions and the use of different climate metrics, and time horizons, on the potential contribution of natural gas to governmental decarbonisation pathways. (cam.ac.uk)
20163
  • Since its late 2016 unveiling, an Obama-era rule to cut methane emissions from oil and gas on public lands has sparked seemingly endless legal drama - and even more confusion. (eenews.net)
  • Two industry groups and several Western states sued BLM in the U.S. District Court for the District of Wyoming when it finalized the methane rule in 2016. (eenews.net)
  • Plus, they said, the rule is expensive for drillers and doesn't acknowledge strides they've already made in cutting methane emissions ( Greenwire , Nov. 15, 2016). (eenews.net)
Plumes7
  • The instrument can detect plumes of methane in great detail. (nasa.gov)
  • The team identified more than 550 individual point sources emitting plumes of highly concentrated methane. (nasa.gov)
  • For example, of the 270 surveyed landfills, only 30 were observed to emit large plumes of methane. (nasa.gov)
  • We observed and mapped multiple plumes of methane on Mars, one of which released about 19,000 metric tonnes of methane," team member Geronimo Villanueva of the Catholic University of America in Washington, DC, said in a statement. (newscientist.com)
  • The plumes were emitted during the warmer seasons, spring and summer, perhaps because ice blocking cracks and fissures vaporised, allowing methane to seep into the Martian air. (newscientist.com)
  • The methane, which appeared in plumes over specific regions of Mars, reached a maximum density of about 60 parts per billion. (space.com)
  • It has other value, but unfortunately they will not be able to provide measurements of methane at the levels needed to sample even the plumes we saw," Mumma said. (space.com)
Enteric methane1
  • For example, cattle that mostly consume grain-based feed release significantly less enteric methane than cattle that graze on pasture. (thedairysite.com)
Industry's methane2
  • The environmental hits keep on coming from the Trump administration with news that the Environmental Protection Agency is now pushing to eliminate federal regulations on the oil and gas industry's methane emissions, a major contributor to climate change. (slate.com)
  • Most of the oil and gas industry's methane emissions come from pipelines and compressor stations, according to Kayrros, a company which analyzes satellite data. (newsflash.one)
Emitter4
  • CARLSBAD, N.M. (KRQE) - Researchers were investigating how dust impacts the climate over the summer when they came across a methane 'super-emitter' in the southeast part of the state. (krqe.com)
  • According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, the livestock industry is the second-biggest methane emitter in the US. (thedairysite.com)
  • The oil and gas sector is the largest domestic industrial emitter of methane, accounting for 33% of total methane emissions. (earthday.org)
  • Its figures show the oil-and-gas industry has long been the nation's largest emitter of methane, even before discoveries in shale and fracking led to a wave of new drilling. (slate.com)
Processes4
  • The methane giving an orange hue to Saturn's giant moon Titan likely comes from geologic processes in its interior according to measurements from the Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS), a Goddard Space Flight Center instrument aboard the European Space Agency's Huygens Probe. (spaceref.com)
  • We have determined that Titan's methane is not of biological origin, so it must be replenished by geologic processes on Titan, perhaps venting from a supply in the interior that could have been trapped there as the moon formed," said Dr. Hasso Niemann of Goddard, principal investigator for the GCMS and lead author of a paper on this research to appear in Nature on Dec. 8. (spaceref.com)
  • In order to test viable, abiotic, methangenic processes, we experimentally investigated two possible impact mechanisms for generating methane. (edu.au)
  • According to Dr Mudd, it's hard to know how concerned the public should be, because it's not known whether the methane seepage was produced by natural processes or by CSG extraction. (ecosmagazine.com)
Researchers10
  • Although the survey provides a detailed map of methane emissions for the areas observed in the state, researchers caution that this was the first attempt to estimate emissions for individual methane sources from a large population distributed across such an extensive area over multiple years. (nasa.gov)
  • In a new paper published in Nanotechnology , researchers report that heating coffee grounds with potassium hydroxide creates a material that can store methane. (popsci.com)
  • Researchers have been looking at ways to store methane for quite some time. (popsci.com)
  • Researchers note that financial risks to the dairy farmer associated with addressing our climate crisis can be mitigated if the dairy industry can adopt cost-effective tools to achieve methane reductions. (santacruzsentinel.com)
  • Through this approach, the researchers managed to convert 31 percent of the methane into electricity, but they aim at higher efficiencies. (scienceblog.com)
  • Researchers identified more than 250 sources of a methane hot spot over the Four Corners region of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah. (abc15.com)
  • Researchers were able to differentiate the methane sources because of their specific isotopic signatures, and therefore could be linked to their environmental drivers. (enn.com)
  • A German-British team led by researchers of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz and the University of Heidelberg, recently discovered that methane in plants is produced from the amino acid methionine, which all living organisms need for the building of proteins. (mpg.de)
  • Researchers have now discovered that methane is also released from fungi. (mpg.de)
  • If nothing else, the researchers broke down the biology dogma, when a few years ago, they discovered that methane is not only produced by microorganisms but also, especially now, by oxygen. (mpg.de)
Source of methane2
  • President Biden's day-one executive order directed the Environmental Protection Agency to propose new regulations by this September to cut methane leakage and flaring from gas and oil operations-the country's single largest industrial source of methane (and the third largest climate polluter in the U.S., trailing only CO 2 from vehicles and power plants). (nrdc.org)
  • Fossil fuels are by no means the only source of methane. (newsflash.one)
Effect of methane3
  • Representing the effect of methane requires the correct use of these metrics. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Also, I am not too sure if the overall effect of methane is included in models? (skepticalscience.com)
  • Methane breaks down into water and CO2 and I would expect the total GG effect of methane to include the secondary effect of these. (skepticalscience.com)
Pounds of methane1
  • The plume was venting more than 40,300 pounds of methane per hour at the Permian site. (krqe.com)
Amounts of methane2
  • Yes, those coffee grounds, the ones that you so callously tossed in the trash (or composted , or turned into a DIY project ) have the potential to store substantial amounts of methane. (popsci.com)
  • A leaking well at the site spewed huge amounts of methane into the air from last October until February. (thebigwobble.org)
Controls on methane1
  • But there's an equal need to amp up controls on methane. (nrdc.org)
Detection of methane1
  • 450 ∘ C) to ensure the accurate detection of methane, which is the most inert combustible gas (Trautweiler et al. (copernicus.org)
Emissions of methane1
  • Research increasingly shows that reducing emissions of methane is vital to limiting planetary warming to 2 degrees Celsius or less above pre-industrial times to avert the worst impacts of climate change. (reuters.com)
Production of methane2
  • In the second suite of experiments, a mixture of water ice, CO2 ice and anhydrous olivine grains was impacted to see if the shock induced rapid serpentinization of the olivine, and thus production of methane. (edu.au)
  • The production of methane was found maximum 2980 ml after treating the wastewater from the starch industry at pH 5.57 and 9612.9 mg biomass load at 62.4 hr. (csircentral.net)
Quantities of methane2
  • The presence of higher hydrocarbons was most common in samples containing larger quantities of methane. (cdc.gov)
  • The results of both suites of experiments demonstrate that impacts (at scales achievable in the laboratory) do not give rise to detectably enhanced quantities of methane release above background levels. (edu.au)
Greenhouse gas methane2
  • As a greenhouse gas, methane has a variety of both man-made and natural sources ranging from volcanoes and landfills to manure management, rice cultivation and field burnings. (enn.com)
  • There are more natural sources of the greenhouse gas methane than previously known to science. (mpg.de)
Hydrogen6
  • Methane pyrolysis is a fundamentally new process technology that splits natural gas or biomethane directly into the components hydrogen and solid carbon. (basf.com)
  • They combined various methylated substances, which contain a methyl group derived from methane such as for example methionine, dimethyl sulphoxide or lecithin with iron ions, ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide. (mpg.de)
  • Methane, a molecule consisting of four hydrogen atoms bound to a carbon atom, is the primary component of natural gas on Earth. (spaceref.com)
  • Effects of peak electric voltage and feed flow rates of methane and hydrogen on CH 4 conversion, C 2 yield, and the selectivity were investigated using copper or stainless steel electrode. (pku.edu.cn)
  • Bio-hydrogen and methane production from Napier grass and its silage / Wipa Prapininagsorn. (uru.ac.th)
  • Developed and patented by Technip Energies, EARTH (Enhanced Annular Reforming Tube for Hydrogen) technology comprises a concentric tubular assembly in the steam methane reformer with a structured catalyst loaded in the outer annular space. (clariant.com)
20181
  • According to the federal government, Alberta's methane regulations- introduced in 2018 by the NDP government and modified slightly earlier this year by the UCP-meet those targets. (albertaworker.ca)
Mitigation3
  • Looking to the future, the IPCC says: "Sustained methane mitigation, wherever it occurs, stands out as an option that combines near and long term gains on surface temperature ( high confidence) and leads to air pollution benefit by reducing globally the surface ozone level ( high confidence) . (nrdc.org)
  • The urgency to tackle methane emissions is reflected in the proposals on mitigation that aim to deliver reductions soon after the legislation will enter into force. (europa.eu)
  • In this seminar, I will discuss the problem with using GWP under ambitious emissions mitigation scenarios, with a particular focus on methane. (cam.ac.uk)
Anthropogenic1
  • This is about twice the radiative forcing today from all anthropogenic greenhouse gases today, or (again according to Modtran) it would translate to an equivalent CO 2 at today's methane concentration of about 750 ppm. (realclimate.org)
Pollution9
  • Thirty-five people from 12 different states visited Washington, D.C., to share their stories with their representatives in an effort to build support for the EPA's newly proposed Methane Pollution Standard. (earthjustice.org)
  • Earthjustice and partner groups flew 35 people from 12 states to Washington D.C. to tell policy makes just how much methane pollution from oil and gas drilling has compromised their health. (earthjustice.org)
  • Throughout the week, they shared their stories with their representatives and other political decision makers in an effort to build support for the EPA's newly proposed Methane Pollution Standard. (earthjustice.org)
  • Methane pollution is to blame for a quarter of man-made climate change. (earthjustice.org)
  • As methane speeds the pace of climate change, it is also emitted alongside ozone-forming pollution associated with unhealthy levels of smog. (earthjustice.org)
  • The EPA's new methane rule will help protect Americans using low-cost pollution safeguards that already exist. (earthjustice.org)
  • On May 12th, the Environmental Protection Agency finally issued rules to reduce dangerous methane pollution from new and modified oil and gas infrastructures. (earthday.org)
  • Finally, NMED should strengthen requirements to cut pollution from the state's second-largest source of oil and gas methane pollution: pneumatic controllers, which are used in oil and gas production to regulate temperatures and pressure. (abqjournal.com)
  • Moreover, methane is a potent local air pollution and contributor to ozone formation, which itself causes serious health problems. (europa.eu)
Estimates4
  • The team estimates that statewide, super-emitters are responsible for about a third of California's total methane budget. (nasa.gov)
  • Hansen estimates the "efficacy" of methane radiative forcing to be 1.4 (Hansen et al, 2005 , Shindell et al, 2009) , so that puts us to 4 or even 5 Watts/m 2 . (realclimate.org)
  • The International Energy Agency estimates that 45% of those emissions can be mitigated at no net cost, given that methane is a saleable product in the form of natural gas. (europa.eu)
  • But methane, which accounts for about 10 percent of U.S. greenhouse-gas emissions, is about 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide in trapping the earth's heat, according to estimates used by the EPA. (slate.com)
Large methane1
  • Western diets are highly biased to meat consumption resulting in huge growth in ruminant numbers since 1960, another large methane source. (skepticalscience.com)
Another methane2
  • And their wind and manure emit more than one third of emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster than carbon dioxide. (skepticalscience.com)
  • Oh good, another methane case,' Jack Lienke, regulatory policy director at New York University's Institute for Policy Integrity, joked on Twitter in March. (eenews.net)
Natural methane2
  • These new findings will allow us to understand how natural methane emissions will respond to future climate conditions. (enn.com)
  • Sapart states: "If we hope to predict how methane levels are likely to vary in the future we must understand how natural methane sources have behaved in the past. (enn.com)
Agricultural methane1
  • Once specific species are identified, the next challenge will be to grow the million tons needed annually to meet the states cattle needs and effectively eliminate 60 percent of agricultural methane emissions, helping to reduce the environmental challenges associated with raising cattle. (santacruzsentinel.com)
Concentration1
  • The steep methane-gradient (between 115 and 135 m water depth) within the redox-zone, that separates the anoxic deep part from the oxygenated surface water (oxygen concentration 0 ‑ 0.8 ml L -1 ), implies a methane consumption rate of 0.28 nM d ‑1 . (io-warnemuende.de)