Melanins
Monophenol Monooxygenase
Melanocytes
Mammalian pigment cells that produce MELANINS, pigments found mainly in the EPIDERMIS, but also in the eyes and the hair, by a process called melanogenesis. Coloration can be altered by the number of melanocytes or the amount of pigment produced and stored in the organelles called MELANOSOMES. The large non-mammalian melanin-containing cells are called MELANOPHORES.
Naphthols
Dihydroxyphenylalanine
Albinism
Exophiala
Hyperpigmentation
Cysteinyldopa
Found in large amounts in the plasma and urine of patients with malignant melanoma. It is therefore used in the diagnosis of melanoma and for the detection of postoperative metastases. Cysteinyldopa is believed to be formed by the rapid enzymatic hydrolysis of 5-S-glutathionedopa found in melanin-producing cells.
Laccase
A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.
Hair
Agaricales
Catechol Oxidase
Cryptococcus neoformans
Melanoma, Experimental
Melanosis
Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor
A basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor that regulates the CELL DIFFERENTIATION and development of a variety of cell types including MELANOCYTES; OSTEOCLASTS; and RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. Mutations in MITF protein have been associated with OSTEOPETROSIS and WAARDENBURG SYNDROME.
Feathers
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)
Sepia
Albinism, Oculocutaneous
Chromatophores
The large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates which actively disperse and aggregate their pigment granules. These cells include MELANOPHORES, erythrophores, xanthophores, leucophores and iridiophores. (In algae, chromatophores refer to CHLOROPLASTS. In phototrophic bacteria chromatophores refer to membranous organelles (BACTERIAL CHROMATOPHORES).)
Melanoma, Amelanotic
Mesons
Short-lived elementary particles found in cosmic radiation or produced from nuclear disintegration. Their mass is between that of protons and electrons and they can be negative, positive, or neutral. pi-Mesons (pions) are heavier than mu-mesons (muons) and are proposed for cancer radiotherapy because their capture and disintegration by matter produces powerful, but short-lived, secondary radiation.
Actinium
Levodopa
The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.
alpha-MSH
A 13-amino acid peptide derived from proteolytic cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, the N-terminal segment of ACTH. ACTH (1-13) is amidated at the C-terminal to form ACTH (1-13)NH2 which in turn is acetylated to form alpha-MSH in the secretory granules. Alpha-MSH stimulates the synthesis and distribution of MELANIN in MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lower vertebrates.
Alternaria
Hypothalamic Hormones
Peptide hormones produced by NEURONS of various regions in the HYPOTHALAMUS. They are released into the pituitary portal circulation to stimulate or inhibit PITUITARY GLAND functions. VASOPRESSIN and OXYTOCIN, though produced in the hypothalamus, are not included here for they are transported down the AXONS to the POSTERIOR LOBE OF PITUITARY before being released into the portal circulation.
Intramolecular Oxidoreductases
Enzymes of the isomerase class that catalyze the oxidation of one part of a molecule with a corresponding reduction of another part of the same molecule. They include enzymes converting aldoses to ketoses (ALDOSE-KETOSE ISOMERASES), enzymes shifting a carbon-carbon double bond (CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BOND ISOMERASES), and enzymes transposing S-S bonds (SULFUR-SULFUR BOND ISOMERASES). (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 5.3.
Skin Lightening Preparations
Biopolymers
Bile Pigments
Encyclopedias as Topic
Dictionaries as Topic
Molecular Sequence Annotation
Nanoparticles
Galaxies
Radiation Tolerance
Deinococcus
Cellular localization and role of prohormone convertases in the processing of pro-melanin concentrating hormone in mammals. (1/1585)
Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) and neuropeptide EI (NEI) are two peptides produced from the same precursor in mammals, by cleavage at the Arg145-Arg146 site and the Lys129-Arg130 site, respectively. We performed co-localization studies to reveal simultaneously the expression of MCH mRNA and proconvertases (PCs) such as PC1/3 or PC2. In the rat hypothalamus, PC2 was present in all MCH neurons, and PC1/3 was present in about 15-20% of these cells. PC1/3 or PC2 was not found in MCH-positive cells in the spleen. In GH4C1 cells co-infected with vaccinia virus (VV):pro-MCH along with VV:furin, PACE4, PC1/3, PC2, PC5/6A, PC5/6B, or PC7, we observed only efficient cleavage at the Arg145-Arg146 site to generate mature MCH. Co-expression of pro-MCH together with PC2 and 7B2 resulted in very weak processing to NEI. Comparison of pro-MCH processing patterns in PC1/3- or PC2-transfected PC12 cells showed that PC2 but not PC1/3 generated NEI. Finally, we analyzed the pattern of pro-MCH processing in PC2 null mice. In the brain of homozygotic mutants, the production of mature NEI was dramatically reduced. In contrast, MCH content was increased in the hypothalamus of PC2 null mice. In the spleen, a single large MCH-containing peptide was identified in both wild type and PC2 null mice. Together, our data suggest that pro-MCH is processed differently in the brain and in peripheral organs of mammals. PC2 is the key enzyme that produces NEI, whereas several PCs may cleave at the Arg145-Arg146 site to generate MCH in neuronal cell types. (+info)Effects of lithium on pigmentation in the embryonic zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio). (2/1585)
Pigment cell precursors of the embryonic zebrafish give rise to melanophores, xanthophores and/or iridophores. Cell signaling mechanisms related to the development of pigmentation remain obscure. In order to examine the mechanisms involved in pigment cell signaling, we treated zebrafish embryos with various activators and inhibitors of signaling pathways. Among those chemicals tested, LiCl and LiCl/forskolin had a stimulatory effect on pigmentation, most notable in the melanophore population. We propose that the inositol phosphate (IP) pathway, is involved in pigment pattern formation in zebrafish through its involvement in the: (1) differentiation/proliferation of melanophores; (2) dispersion of melanosomes; and/or (3) synthesis/deposition of melanin. To discern at what level pigmentation was being effected we: (1) counted the number of melanophores in control and experimental animals 5 days after treatment; (2) measured tyrosinase activity and melanin content; and (3) employed immunoblotting techniques with anti-tyrosine-related protein-2 and anti-melanocyte-specific gene-1 as melanophore-specific markers. Although gross pigmentation increased dramatically in LiCl- and LiCl/forskolin treated embryos, the effect on pigmentation was not due to an increase in the proliferation of melanophores, but was possibly through an increase in melanin synthesis and/or deposition. Collectively, results from these studies suggest the involvement of an IP-signaling pathway in the stimulation of pigmentation in embryonic zebrafish through the synthesis/deposition of melanin within the neural crest-derived melanophores. (+info)The effect of the orexins on food intake: comparison with neuropeptide Y, melanin-concentrating hormone and galanin. (3/1585)
Orexin-A and orexin-B (the hypocretins) are recently described neuropeptides suggested to have a physiological role in the regulation of food intake in the rat. We compared the orexigenic effect of the orexins administered intracerebroventricular (ICV) with other known stimulants of food intake, one strong, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and two weaker, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and galanin. Orexin-A consistently stimulated food intake, but orexin-B only on occasions. Both peptides stimulated food intake significantly less than NPY, but to a similar extent to MCH (2 h food intake: NPY 3 nmol, 7.2+/-0.9 g vs saline, 1.5+/-0.2 g, P<0.001, MCH 3 nmol, 3.2+/-0.8 g vs saline, P<0.01, orexin-B 30 nmol, 2. 6+/-0.5 g vs saline, P=0.11) and to galanin (1 h food intake: galanin 3 nmol, 2.0+/-0.4 g vs saline, 0.8+/-0.2 g, P<0.05, orexin-A 3 nmol 2.2+/-0.4 g vs saline, P<0.01; 2 hour food intake: orexin-B 3 nmol, 2.4+/-0.3 g vs saline, 1.3+/-0.2 g, P<0.05). Following ICV orexin-A, hypothalamic c-fos, a maker of neuronal activation, was highly expressed in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and the arcuate nucleus (P<0.005 for both). IntraPVN injection of orexin-A stimulated 2 h food intake by one gram (orexin-A 0.03 nmol, 1.6+/-0. 3 g vs saline, 0.5+/-0.3 g, P<0.005). These findings support the suggestion that the orexins stimulate food intake. However, this effect is weak and may cast doubt upon their physiological importance in appetite regulation in the rat. (+info)Topical all-trans retinoic acid augments ultraviolet radiation-induced increases in activated melanocyte numbers in mice. (4/1585)
We have previously shown that daily application of 0.05% retinoic acid to the backs of lightly pigmented, hairless HRA:Skh-2 mice increases melanogenesis resulting from exposure to solar-simulated ultraviolet radiation. In this study we show that as early as 1 wk following commencement of treatment, there is a 2- fold increase in the number of epidermal 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine positive melanocytes in retinoic acid and ultraviolet radiation treated HRA:Skh-2 mice compared with mice that received ultraviolet radiation only. This increased to a 2.9-fold difference by 6 wk. Retinoic acid also augmented ultraviolet radiation-stimulated melanogenesis, with a 4-fold increase being observed after only 2 wk. These findings were also seen in C57BL mice. Ultraviolet radiation and retinoic acid needed to be applied to the same skin site for the augmentation in melanocyte activation to occur. Ultraviolet B rather than ultraviolet A was mainly responsible for melanogenesis and the retinoic acid primarily increased ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis. Furthermore, retinoic acid on it's own, in the absence of ultraviolet radiation caused a small but statistically significant increase in 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine positive melanocyte numbers and melanogenesis. Thus topical retinoic acid is a potent modulator of melanocyte activation. Alone it is able to increase the number of activated epidermal melanocytes and make melanocytes more sensitive to activation by ultraviolet B. (+info)Tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated inhibition of melanogenesis is dependent on nuclear factor kappa B activation. (5/1585)
Melanogenesis is a physiological process resulting in the synthesis of melanin pigments which play a crucial protective role against skin photocarcinogenesis. In vivo, solar ultraviolet light triggers the secretion of numerous keratinocyte-derived factors that are implicated in the regulation of melanogenesis. Among these, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), a cytokine implicated in the pro-inflammatory response, down-regulates pigment synthesis in vitro. In this report, we aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms by which this cytokine inhibits melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. First, we show that TNFalpha inhibits the activity and protein expression of tyrosinase which is the key enzyme of melanogenesis. Further, we demonstrate that this effect is subsequent to a down-regulation of the tyrosinase promoter activity in both basal and cAMP-induced melanogenesis. Finally, we present evidence indicating that the inhibitory effect of TNFalpha on melanogenesis is dependent on nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) activation. Indeed, overexpression of this transcription factor in B16 cells is sufficient to inhibit tyrosinase promoter activity. Furthermore, a mutant of inhibitory kappa B (IkappaB), that prevents NFkappaB activation, is able to revert the effect of TNFalpha on the tyrosinase promoter activity. Taken together, our results clarify the mechanisms by which TNFalpha inhibits pigmentation and point out the key role of NFkappaB in the regulation of melanogenesis. (+info)Purification and characterization of a secreted laccase of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. (6/1585)
We purified a secreted fungal laccase from filtrates of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici cultures induced with copper and xylidine. The active protein had an apparent molecular mass of 190 kDa and yielded subunits with molecular masses of 60 kDa when denatured and deglycosylated. This laccase had a pI of 5.6 and an optimal pH of 4.5 with 2,6-dimethoxyphenol as its substrate. Like other, previously purified laccases, this one contained several copper atoms in each subunit, as determined by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. The active enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol (Km = 2.6 x 10(-5) +/- 7 x 10(-6) M), catechol (Km = 2.5 x 10(-4) +/- 1 x 10(-5) M), pyrogallol (Km = 3.1 x 10(-4) +/- 4 x 10(-5) M), and guaiacol (Km = 5.1 x 10(-4) +/- 2 x 10(-5) M). In addition, the laccase catalyzed the polymerization of 1, 8-dihydroxynaphthalene, a natural fungal melanin precursor, into a high-molecular-weight melanin and catalyzed the oxidation, or decolorization, of the dye poly B-411, a lignin-like polymer. These findings indicate that this laccase may be involved in melanin polymerization in this phytopathogen's hyphae and/or in lignin depolymerization in its infected plant host. (+info)Possible involvement of proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase in the regulatory effect of fatty acids on melanogenesis. (7/1585)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of fatty acid-induced regulation of melanogenesis. An apparent regulatory effect on melanogenesis was observed when cultured B16F10 melanoma cells were incubated with fatty acids, i.e., linoleic acid (unsaturated, C18:2) decreased melanin synthesis while palmitic acid (saturated, C16:0) increased it. However, mRNA levels of the melanogenic enzymes, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2), were not altered. Regarding protein levels of these enzymes, the amount of tyrosinase was decreased by linoleic acid and increased by palmitic acid, whereas the amounts of TRP1 and TRP2 did not change after incubation with fatty acids. Pulse-chase assay by [35S]methionine metabolic labeling revealed that neither linoleic acid nor palmitic acid altered the synthesis of tyrosinase. Further, it was shown that linoleic acid accelerated, while palmitic acid decelerated, the proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase. These results suggest that modification of proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase is involved in regulatory effects of fatty acids on melanogenesis in cultured melanoma cells. (+info)Structure and developmental expression of the ascidian TRP gene: insights into the evolution of pigment cell-specific gene expression. (8/1585)
The tyrosinase family in vertebrates consists of three related melanogenic enzymes: tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2. These proteins control melanin production in pigment cells and play a crucial role in determining vertebrate coloration. We have isolated a gene from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi which encodes a tyrosinase-related protein (HrTRP) with 45-49% identity with vertebrate TRP-1 and TRP-2. The expression of the HrTRP gene in pigment lineage a8.25 cells starts at the early-mid gastrula stage, which coincides with the stage when these cells are determined as pigment precursor cells; therefore, it provides the earliest pigment lineage-specific marker, which enables us to trace the complete cell lineage leading to two pigment cells in the larval brain. In addition, the expression pattern of the HrTRP gene appears to share similar characteristics with the mouse TRP-2 gene although structurally the HrTRP gene is more closely related to mammalian TRP-1 genes. Based on these observations and on results from molecular phylogenetic and hybridization analyses, we suggest that triplication of the tyrosinase family occurred during the early radiation of chordates. Initially, duplication of an ancestral tyrosinase gene produced a single TRP gene before the urochordate and cephalochordate-vertebrate divergence, and a subsequent duplication of the ancestral TRP gene in the vertebrate lineage gave rise to two TRP genes before the emergence of teleost fishes. Evolution of the melanin synthetic pathway and possible phylogenetic relationships among chordate pigment cells that accommodate the metabolic process are discussed. Dev Dyn 1999;215:225-237. (+info)
The value of melanin as a sunscreen : Melanoma Research
Category:Melanins - Wikimedia Commons
Photovoltaic properties of fungal melanin<...
Isolation and characterization of melanin derived from rapeseed meal
Abstract: Synthetic Melanin Films As Potential Interfaces for Peroxynitrite Detection and Quantification (232nd ECS Meeting ...
Atti Accademia Pontaniana Vol
What Is Melanin? [SMACR Wiki]
Macular Pigment and Melanin in Age-Related Maculopathy in a General Population | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Melanin Uptake Reduces Cell Proliferation of Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
Gamma- and delta-tocotrienols inhibit skin melanin synthesis by suppressing constitutive and UV-induced tyrosinase activation -...
Rab11b mediates melanin transfer between donor melanocytes and acceptor keratinocytes via coupled exo/endocytosis. - Oxford...
How to watch free movie online: How to Watch | Hidden Colors 2 The Triumph of Melanin (2012) | Free Movie Online
A novel S-sulfhydrated human serum albumin preparation suppresses melanin synthesis - Ishida, Tatsuhiro - Authors - Tokushima...
Melanin - wikidoc
Antiradiation properties of melanin | Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research
Melanin biosynthesis
Melanin Reduction Experts,Research on skin lightening: 6/13/10 - 6/20/10
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The influence of morphological distribution of melanin on parameter selection in laser thermotherapy for vascular skin diseases
Melanin Queen Human Hair Blend Full Wig - ML101 - beautyshoppers.com
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Is Melanin Carbon
Dimollaure Retinol whitening face cream +Vitamin C serum Acne treament Remove Freckle melasma pigment Melanin sunburn Spots
Melanin and Disease
melanin on frozen sections
Dark circles under eyes, hyper-pigmentation due to excess melanin production. Treatment options? - Doctors insight on...
Keele Research Repository - Keele University
LASP1, a Newly Identified Melanocytic Protein with a Possible Role in Melanin Release, but Not in Melanoma Progression
Role of melanin in preventing macular degeneration
52 Week Melanin Frequency Vigil</span><span class=avia-menu-fx><span class=avia-arrow-wrap><span class=avia-arrow...
What does melanin mean?
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Tyrosinase-Related Protein-1 - Product: Leica Biosystems
Chemiexcitation of melanin derivatives induces DNA photoproducts long after UV exposure | Science
Cynosure-Physicians | Skintel Melanin Reader
Molecular switch controls melanin production, may allow true sunless tanning
Sodium in the structure of Crystal Structure of Putative Melanin Biosynthesis Protein Tyra With Bound Heme (NP 716371.1) From...
Melanin | Meaning of Melanin by Lexico
Melanogenesis - definition of melanogenesis by The Free Dictionary
Get rid of the brown spots on your face easily - The Lincoln Shire Site
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Components: Supplementary Amount 1: PME induces melanogenesis through activation of p38...
The expression of melanin-based plumage is separately modulated by exogenous oxidative stress and a melanocortin | Proceedings...
Melanin: Can we increase the Melanin in our skin? - Ask Goldy
Enrichment Programme | Melanin Medics
Melanin
- FacesAndLaces
Pigment Disorders - Merck Manuals Consumer Version
Studing on the protection of macromolecule against light by melanin from engineering baeteria(E.Coli/ p WSY)--《Journal of...
Regulation of Melanogenesis at the Sub-Cellular Level in Cloudman Muri by Kenneth E. Rosenzweig
A SUITABLE ENZYME FOR MELANIN REMOVAL ON LEATHER - Hardiston
Selective Delivery of Boron by the Melanin Precursor Analogue p-Boronophenylalanine to Tumors Other than Melanoma | Cancer...
Microbiology Society Journals | Production of melanin by Aspergillus fumigatus
Melanin in Fonsecaea pedrosoi : a trap for oxidative radicals | BMC Microbiology | Full Text
Magiran | Isolation and Characterization of Melanin Producing Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain UIS2 in the Presence of l-tyrosine...
Pigmentation, melanin | definition of pigmentation, melanin by Medical dictionary
Iridescent structural colour production in male blue-black grassquit feather barbules: the role of keratin and melanin |...
Ion-exchange and adsorption of Fe(III) by Sepia melanin<...
3, 4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine-derived melanin from Yarrowia lipolytica mediates the synthesis of silver and gold...
Researchers look to improve detection of skin cancer lacking pigment melanin - News Room - UNC Health and UNC School of Medicine
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A Thioredoxin of Sinorhizobium meliloti CE52G Is Required for Melanin Production and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation
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Melanogenesis inhibitors from the rhizoma of ligusticum sinense in B16-f10 melanoma cells in vitro and zebrafish in vivo<...
Background The derivative of caffeamide exhibits antioxidant and antityrosinase activity. the - Polo-Like Kinases and Aurora...
ZFIN Publication: Krauss et al., 2014
Duke Physics
Comparison of Near-Infrared and Short-Wavelength Autofluorescence in Retinitis Pigmentosa | IOVS | ARVO Journals
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NASA -
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Genetic study of oxygen resistance and melanization in Cryptococcus neoformans. - Semantic Scholar
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Презентация на тему: MALIGNANT MELANOMA Rebecca Hopkins Karnesh Patel.. Скачать бесплатно и без регистрации.
Near-infrared window in biological tissue
Melanin[edit]. Melanin is a chromophore that exists in the human epidermal layer of skin responsible for protection from ... When melanocytes are stimulated by solar radiation, melanin is produced.[7] Melanin is one of the major absorbers of light in ... Other tissue components with less significant contributions to the total absorption spectrum of tissue are melanin and fat. ... Extinction coefficient of melanin by Steven Jacques. URL: http://omlc.ogi.edu/spectra/melanin/extcoeff.html. ...
Nevus
... containing increased melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color) and hypomelanotic (containing decreased melanin).[3] ... Increased melanin[edit]. Acquired[edit]. *Acquired melanocytic nevus *Types of acquired melanocytic nevi are categorized based ...
Ultraviolet
Melanin[edit]. The amount of the brown pigment melanin in the skin increases after exposure to UV radiation at moderate levels ... UVA gives a quick tan that lasts for days by oxidizing melanin that was already present and triggers the release of the melanin ... The purpose of melanin is to absorb UV radiation and dissipate the energy as harmless heat, blocking the UV from damaging skin ... Melanin is an excellent photoprotectant that absorbs both UVB and UVA radiation and dissipates the energy as harmless heat, ...
Human skin
... although the single most important substance determining human skin color is the pigment melanin. Melanin is produced within ... Melanoid: It resembles melanin but is present diffusely throughout the epidermis.. *Carotene: This pigment is yellow to orange ... Melanin: It is brown in color and present in the basal layer of the epidermis. ... Skin has mesodermal cells, pigmentation, such as melanin provided by melanocytes, which absorb some of the potentially ...
Estrogen
Melanin *Increase pheomelanin, reduce eumelanin. *Cancer *Support hormone-sensitive breast cancers (see section below) ...
Cenococcum geophilum
Melanin biosynthesis, which is quite high in C. geophilum, gives its hyphae the "jet-black" appearance, and has been linked ... Fernandez, C. W., & Koide, R. T. (2013). The function of melanin in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum geophilum under water ... Butler, M. J., & Day, A. W. (1998). Destruction of fungal melanins by ligninases of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and other white ... Butler, M. J., & Day, A. W. (1998). Fungal melanins: a review. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 44(12), 1115-1136. ...
Cladophialophora bantiana
However, this is unlikely since fungal melanin is structurally and biochemically different from human melanin and other species ... The dark colour is due to the presence of the dark pigment melanin. Hyphae are septate, as is the case for species belonging to ... It is hypothesized that predilection of this species for the central nervous system is due to the presence of melanin, which ... ISBN 0-8121-0566-4. Butler, M. J.; Day, A. W. (1998). "Fungal melanins: A review". Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 44 (12): ...
Melanism
Further information: Melanin theory. The term melanism has been used on Usenet, internet forums and blogs to mean an African- ... Melanin is the primary determinant of the degree of skin pigmentation and protects the body from harmful ultraviolet radiation ... The same ultraviolet radiation is essential for the synthesis of vitamin D in skin, so lighter colored skin - less melanin - is ... such as that the melanin pigment enhances function of immune defences,[13] or a thermal advantage from the darker coloration.[ ...
John McGinness
Kirkpatrick, D.S., McGinness, J.E., Moorhead, W.D., Corry, P.M., and Proctor, P.H.: Melanin-Water-Ion Dielectric Interaction. ... The department had an interest in the physical properties of melanin as a possible hook to treating melanoma. While of enormous ... Kono, R. and McGinness, J.E.: Anomalous Absorption and Sound in DBA Melanins. J. Applied Physics, 50(3): 1236-1244, 1979. ... Filatovs, G.J., McGinness, J.E., Williams, L.: Statistical Analysis of Switching Melanins. Physicol. Chem. and Phys. Vol. 12, ...
Rhinocladiella mackenziei
Melanin also protects the fungal cell wall from hydrolysis by scavenging the free radicals and hypochlorite produced by the ... Jacobson, Eric S. (2000). "Pathogenic Roles for Fungal Melanins". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 13 (4): 708-717. doi:10.1128/ ... mackenziei for brain tissue is unknown but has been hypothesized to involve the fungal melanin which acts as a virulence factor ...
Indole-5,6-quinone
"The chemistry of the melanins. Part V. The autoxidation of 5 : 6-dihydroxyindoles". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): ... by the tyrosinase type polyphenol oxidase from tyrosine and catecholamines leading to the formation of catechol melanin. Like ...
Organic semiconductor
The "melanin (polyacetylenes) bistable switch" currently is part of the chips collection of the Smithsonian Institution. In ... John McGinness; Corry, Peter; Proctor, Peter (March 1, 1974). "Amorphous Semiconductor Switching in Melanins". Science. 183 ( ...
Dopamine
Chemically they are closely related to dopamine, and there is a type of melanin, known as dopamine-melanin, that can be ... The melanin that darkens human skin is not of this type: it is synthesized by a pathway that uses L-DOPA as a precursor but not ... Dopamine-derived melanin probably appears in at least some other biological systems as well. Some of the dopamine in plants is ... It can be metabolized in a variety of ways, producing melanin and a variety of alkaloids as byproducts. The functions of plant ...
Human hair color
Generally, if more melanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less melanin is present, the hair is lighter. The ... Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more ... Gray or white hair is not caused by a true gray or white pigment, but is due to a lack of pigmentation and melanin. The clear ... Over 95% of melanin content in black and brown hair is eumelanin. Pheomelanin is generally found in elevated concentrations in ...
Mary Timms
CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Daniel, Jo (28 November 2019). "Melanin Popping! Nigerian model Mary Timms slays In ...
Fred Martins
MELANIN MAJORITY. February 9, 2017. Retrieved October 13, 2019. Salih, Hassan (November 23, 2016). "What happened at MESH ...
L-Dopaquinone
Biosynthesis of melanin occurs in melanocytes, where tyrosine is converted into DOPA and then dopaquinone, which goes on to be ... l-Dopaquinone also known as o-dopaquinone is a metabolite of L-DOPA (L-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and a precursor of melanin. ... Hearing VJ (2011). "Determination of melanin synthetic pathways". J. Invest. Dermatol. 131 (E1): E8-E11. doi:10.1038/skinbio. ... Schlessinger, Daniel I.; Schlessinger, Joel (January 2020). "Biochemistry, Melanin". StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29083759. ...
Bradykinin
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Insulin-like growth factor 2
Agonists: Melanin-concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Glucagon-like peptide-2
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
CCK-4
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Galanin receptor 1
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Placental lactogen
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Pancreatic polypeptide
Agonists: Melanin-concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Orexin
"Human hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone levels are linked to emotion and social interaction". Nature Communications ...
Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Gonadotropin preparations
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Parathyroid hormone-related protein
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Agonists: Melanin concentrating hormone. *Antagonists: ATC-0065. *ATC-0175. *GW-803430. *NGD-4715 ...
LaShyra Nolen
"Profiles". Melanin in Medicine*. Retrieved 2020-06-06. "Episode 2: LaShyra "Lash" Nolen". podbean.com. Retrieved 2020-06-07. " ...
melanins - Wiktionary
Category:Melanins - Wikimedia Commons
... melanin (nn); melanin (nb); Melanin (az); ಮೆಲನಿನ್ (kn); melanins (en); ميلانين (ar); Melanin (hu); Melanina (eu); Melanina (ast ... Melanin (sl); melanina (ca); 黑色素 (zh-hk); melaniny (pl); Melanin (id); Melanini (sw); Melanin (tr); Melanin (sh); ملانین (fa); ... melanin metabolic process (participant),. melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine (product),. melanin catabolic process ( ... Melanin (om); מלנין (he); मेलानिन (hi); 黑色素 (wuu); Melaniini (fi); Melanin (en-ca); மெலானின் (ta); melanina (it); Melanin (ht ...
melanin | Infoplease
melanin mĕl´ənĭn [key], water-insoluble polymer of various compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine . It is one of two ... The synthesis of melanin reactions is catalyzed by the enzyme tyrosinase; an inherited lack of tyrosinase activity results in ... Tyrosinase is found in only one specialized type of cell, the melanocyte, and in this cell melanin is found in membrane-bound ... Besides it role in pigmentation, melanin, which absorbs ultraviolet light, plays a protective role when skin is exposed to the ...
Melanin Squad Events | Eventbrite
Melanin: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Melanin: Types & Related Disorders
Melanin is a natural skin pigment that plays a role in the color of your hair, skin, and eyes. Learn what else it does in the ... How Melanin Reacts to the Sun. When youre in the sun, your body makes more melanin. It may help protect the body from harmful ... Melanin seems to play a role in hearing. Early studies show a link between too little melanin and hearing loss or deafness. ... StatPearls: "Biochemistry, Melanin.". New Journal of Science: "Melanins: Skin Pigments and Much More-Types, Structural Models, ...
Melanin | biological pigment | Britannica
Melanin, a dark biological pigment (biochrome) found in skin, hair, feathers, scales, eyes, and some internal membranes; it is ... coloration: Melanins. These pigments produce buff, red-brown, brown, and black colours. Melanins occur widely in the feathers ... coloration: Melanins. These pigments produce buff, red-brown, brown, and black colours. Melanins occur widely in the feathers ... Melanin, a dark biological pigment (biochrome) found in skin, hair, feathers, scales, eyes, and some internal membranes; it is ...
Melanin - Wikipedia
The melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes. There are five basic types of melanin: ... Melanins have very diverse roles and functions in various organisms. A form of melanin makes up the ink used by many ... Melanin produced by plants are sometimes referred to as catechol melanins as they can yield catechol on alkali fusion. It is ... Feathers that contain melanin are also 39% more resistant to abrasion than those that do not because melanin granules help fill ...
Melanin: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
Word! Melanin (for Kids) - Nemours
Books with Melanin
Melanin and Disease
A deficiency in melanin can lead to several disorders and diseases. For example, a complete absence of melanin causes a ... Melanin deficiency has previously been associated with various genetic abnormalities and congenital defects. ... Melanin is a vital pigment producing compound responsible for determining the colour of skin and hair. ... Melanin is a vital pigment producing compound responsible for determining the colour of skin and hair. A deficiency in melanin ...
Melanin Magic - Wikipedia
"Melanin Magic", alternatively "Melanin Magic (Pretty Brown)", is a song by American rapper Remy Ma, featuring guest vocals from ... Melanin Magic, aka Pretty Brown, Its amazing." On January 16, 2018, Ma shared a snippet of the song on social media. The ... "Remy Ma spreads some "Melanin Magic" with Chris Brown on new song, asks fans to choose singles cover art". ABC News Radio. ... Chris Brown - Melanin Magic (Pretty Brown)". Rap-Up. January 18, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2018. O, Drea (January 20, 2018 ...
Sorority sisters celebrate beauty with 'Melanin Illustrated' photo
Melanin biosynthesis
Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 (MCHR1) | SpringerLink
G-protein coupled receptor 24; GPR24; MCH receptor 1; MCH1R; MCHR1; MCH-R1; Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1; SLC1; SLC ... G-protein coupled receptor 24; GPR24; MCH receptor 1; MCH1R; MCHR1; MCH-R1; Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1; SLC1; SLC ... Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone in chum salmon pituitaries. Nature. 1983;305:321-3.CrossRefPubMedGoogle ... Melanin-concentrating hormone is the cognate ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor SLC-1. Nature. 1999;400:261-5. ...
Melanin News, Research - Page 2
Melanin News and Research. RSS In humans, melanin is the primary determinant of skin color. It is also found in hair, the ... Study highlights urgent need for sunburn prevention among young adults with melanin-rich skin Results from a study published in ... Japanese scientists capture live distribution of melanin inside the skin With a little help from chickens and video cameras, ... Spots resulting from too much sun exposure and other effects of dysfunctional melanin production may become a thing of the past ...
Articles, tagged with "melanin"
The melanin-concentrating hormone system modulates cocaine reward | PNAS
The melanin-concentrating hormone system modulates cocaine reward. Shinjae Chung, F. Woodward Hopf, Hiroshi Nagasaki, Chun-Ying ... The melanin-concentrating hormone system modulates cocaine reward. Shinjae Chung, F. Woodward Hopf, Hiroshi Nagasaki, Chun-Ying ... 1999) Melanin-concentrating hormone is the cognate ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor SLC-1. Nature 400:261-265. ... The melanin-concentrating hormone system modulates cocaine reward. Shinjae Chung, F. Woodward Hopf, Hiroshi Nagasaki, Chun-Ying ...
melanin facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about melanin
Make research projects and school reports about melanin easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia and ... The amount of melanin determines skin colour. Absence of melanin results in an albino.. ... melanin (mel-ăn-in) n. a dark-brown to black pigment occurring in the hair, the skin, and in the iris and choroid layer of the ... melanin a brown pigment in the skin and elsewhere. It is made in melanocytes, which are cells in the deepest layer of the ...
Molecular preservation of the pigment melanin in fossil melanosomes | Nature Communications
This study reports evidence of melanin in association with melanosome-like microbodies in an ar… ... Figure 3: Basic monomeric units and oligomeric structure of melanin.. Monomeric units of melanin; (a) 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI ... d) A semi-transparent ion image showing the distribution of melanin-derived ions (identified from natural and synthetic melanin ... Although microorganisms can synthesize melanins26, we argue against the possibility that the melanin-containing structures ...
melanin Archives - NewBeauty
Injection of Melanin Nanoparticles Could Make Human Body Radiation-Resistant
... doctors may someday use melanin-covered nanoparticles to administer higher doses of radiation to cancerous cells without ... Melanin, a pigment responsible for skin color, not only curbs the formation of free radicals, which damage DNA, but it ... To create melanin particles tiny enough to squeeze through the liver, lungs, and spleen, Dr. Dadachova and her team layered ... Injection of Melanin Nanoparticles Could Make Human Body Radiation-Resistant. Researchers have successfully tested a technique ...
Can You Really Increase Melanin in Your Skin?
Read on to learn how to increase melanin in your skin. Increasing antioxidants and taking vitamins A, C, and E may help ... Melanin gives your skin its color and helps protect you from the sun. ... What is melanin?. Melanin is a skin pigment. It occurs in both humans and animals, and is what makes hair, skin, and eyes ... Can you increase melanin?. People of any skin type can try increasing melanin to reduce skin cancer risk. Studies suggest that ...
The Melanin Empath by Jade Asikiwe
The ancient connection to the cosmos, and the side effects of knowledge...(Two Manuscripts in one, includes: Melanin Gift of ... The Melanin Empath , -In a Melanated Universe there is much to understand. ... The Melanin Empath : Discover the Knowledge of Melanated Beings Born With Empath Energy by Jade Asikiwe ... Two Manuscripts in one, includes: Melanin Gift of the Cosmos, and Empath Natural Healing for Beginners) ...
Lamictal binds to melanin
... Posted on 21.08.2017. by Nikojar Main / Venlafaxine / Lamictal binds to melanin All we have is the ... Melanin Cupboard: Lamotrigine binds to melanin-containing immunizations, e.g., in the eye and. cheerful skin. It has been found ... BTW, melanin is the stuff that makes the coloring of our skin and eyes including cysers.infoal - eye pain. Regul Toxicol ... I dont understand what exactly it means, but from what Ive read there is concern that melanin-binding in the iris of the eye ...
Role of ocular melanin in ophthalmic physiology and pathology. - PubMed - NCBI
This review examines the potential functions of ocular melanin in the human eye. Following a discussion of the role of melanins ... Role of ocular melanin in ophthalmic physiology and pathology.. Hu DN1, Simon JD, Sarna T. ... The mammalian eye consists of several layers of pigmented tissues that contain melanin. The eye is a unique organ for pigment ... and the biologic and photobiologic effects of the two main classes of melanins (generally found as mixtures in ocular ...
Melanin's Profile
by melanin. 1 post & 485 views. 5:35pm On Jul 22, 2009 (melanin). Technology Market / Laptop For Sale by melanin. 1 post & 525 ... by melanin. 1 post & 497 views. 12:17pm On May 13, 2010 (melanin). Jobs/Vacancies / Freelance Sales Agents Needed by melanin. 1 ... Melanins Profile. Nairaland Forum / Melanins Profile. Melanins Latest Topics ( View All 6 Topics , Posts ). Computers / The ... 12:35pm On Aug 25, 2009 (melanin). Science/Technology / Best Internet Deal by melanin. 1 post & 779 views. 4:03pm On Jul 23, ...
Melanin - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
How to Create Melanin in Your Body
The darker your skin, the more melanin you possess. If you want to treat a skin condition or darken your skin tone for cosmetic ... Melanin is a naturally occurring substance in the body that creates pigment in skin, hair and the iris of the eye. ... purposes, know that there is no artificial method to create melanin. ... Melanin is a naturally occurring substance in the body that creates pigment in skin, hair and the iris of the eye. The darker ...
MelanocytesSynthesis of melaninPigmentsPigmentationTypes of MelaninIncreasing melanin productionBiosynthesisTyrosineProduce melaninEumelaninEpidermisNeuropeptideMelanocyteStrong resemblance to natural melaninReduce melaninRole of melanin-concentTissues that contain melaninZona reticularis of the adrenal glandBiologicalHypothalamicMelanogenesisNeuromelaninSkintel Melanin ReaderAffect melanin production2018Decrease existinTyrosinasePheomelaninPrecursorLevels of melaninAmount of melaninAmounts of melaninPresence of melaninProperties of melaninHumansNatural pigmentMalignantMelanosomesNeuronsPhysiologySkin melaninCreate melaninReduces melaninContains melaninPrecursorsProductionPigment that givesUltravioletVivoResearchers2020MiceEpidermalPathwaysReceptorVirulenceNeoformansSubstanceDarker your skinFree Radicals
Melanocytes30
- Special skin cells called melanocytes make melanin. (webmd.com)
- Everyone has the same number of melanocytes, but some people make more melanin than others. (webmd.com)
- The melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- Because of this property, melanin is thought to protect skin cells from UVB radiation damage, reducing the risk of folate depletion and dermal degradation, and it is considered that exposure to UV radiation is associated with increased risk of malignant melanoma, a cancer of melanocytes (melanin cells). (wikipedia.org)
- The melanin in the skin is produced by melanocytes, which are found in the basal layer of the epidermis. (wikipedia.org)
- Although, in general, human beings possess a similar concentration of melanocytes in their skin, the melanocytes in some individuals and ethnic groups produce variable amounts of melanin. (wikipedia.org)
- It is a common acquired disorder of primary pigmentary disturbance of unknown origin, but causes a stoppage of melanin formation by the melanocytes. (articlealley.com)
- Following a discussion of the role of melanins in the pigment epithelium and uveal melanocytes, three specific topics are explored in detail-photo-screening protective effects, biophysical and biochemical protective effects, and the biologic and photobiologic effects of the two main classes of melanins (generally found as mixtures in ocular melanosomes)--eumelanin and pheomelanin. (nih.gov)
- Here we show that the presence of melanin accounts for this differential oxidative stress in normal and p16-depleted melanocytes. (hindawi.com)
- Thus the presence of melanin in the skin appears to be a double-edged sword: it protects melanocytes as well as neighboring keratinocytes in the skin through its capacity to absorb UV radiation, but its synthesis in melanocytes results in higher levels of intracellular ROS that may increase melanoma susceptibility. (hindawi.com)
- It is not known why melanocytes maintain higher levels of ROS than other cell types, but we hypothesized a role for melanin since its presence is a distinguishing feature of melanocytes and melanin synthesis is known to generate ROS [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
- A previous study found a correlation between levels of melanin and ROS, showing that both were elevated in melanocytes from dysplastic nevi compared to those from normal skin of the same individual [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- To evaluate the role of melanin in melanocyte oxidative dysregulation, we derived melanocytes and fibroblasts from three separate individuals, and cells were cultured in the absence or presence of PTU for 14 days. (hindawi.com)
- This suppresses the ability of melanocytes to create more melanin. (healthline.com)
- Unlike peripheral melanins, which are produced in specialised cells called melanocytes and may be transferred to other cell types, neuromelanin granules are believed to be stored in the cell in which they are produced. (nih.gov)
- Dermal melanin is produced by melanocytes , which are found in the stratum basale of the epidermis . (wikidoc.org)
- Although human beings generally possess a similar concentration of melanocytes in their skin, the melanocytes in some individuals and ethnic groups more frequently or less frequently express the melanin-producing genes , thereby conferring a greater or lesser concentration of skin melanin. (wikidoc.org)
- To evaluate the role of melanin upon UVA irradiation, DNA single-strand breaks (ssb) were measured in human melanocytes differing only in the amount of pigment produced by culturing at two different concentrations, basic (0.01 mM) or high (0.2 mM), of L-tyrosine, the main precursor of melanin. (tudelft.nl)
- We observed that cultured in basic medium, the skin type VI melanocytes contained 10 times more total melanin and about seven times more pheomelanin than the skin type I melanocytes. (tudelft.nl)
- however, the melanin composition of skin type I melanocytes became more pheomelanogenic, whereas that of skin type VI melanocytes remained the same. (tudelft.nl)
- The skin type VI melanocytes cultured in basic medium demonstrated a very high sensitivity (1.18 ssb per 1010 Da per kJ per m2) toward UVA that is probably related to their high pheo- and total melanin content. (tudelft.nl)
- In contrast, the skin type I melanocytes demonstrated a low sensitivity (0.04 ssb per 1010 Da per kJ per m2) toward UVA when cultured in basic medium, but increasing their melanin content resulted in a 3-fold increase in their UVA sensitivity (0.13 ssb per 1010 Da per kJ per m2). (tudelft.nl)
- These results demonstrate that UVA-irradiated cultured human melanocytes are photosensitized by their own synthesized chromophores, most likely pheomelanin and/or melanin intermediates. (tudelft.nl)
- The participation of (6R) 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (6-BH4) in regulating the tyrosine supply for melanin biosynthesis was investigated by the examination of human keratinocytes, melanocytes, and epidermal suction blisters from normal human skin and from patients with the depigmentation disorder vitiligo. (sciencemag.org)
- from Greek: μέλας melas, "black, dark") is a broad term for a group of natural pigments found in most organisms.Melanin is produced through a multistage chemical process known as melanogenesis, where the oxidation of the amino acid tyrosine is followed by polymerization.The melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes. (kstc.com)
- 1,2 Melanocytes have specialized organelles termed melanosomes that contain several enzymes such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and tyrosinase-related protein-2, which catalyze the production of melanin. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
- 3 However, additional and equally contributing factors consist of efficient transfer of melanin from melanocytes to the neighboring keratinocytes and distribution and degradation of the transferred melanosomes by the recipient keratinocytes. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
- In addition, it modulates melanogenesis by reducing the quantity of melanin produced and reducing the dendricity of melanocytes. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
- The dendricity of melanocytes is affected through the extract's inhibition of PGE2, a lipid inflammation mediator that stimulates the dendricity of melanocytes to increase the transfer of melanocyte melanin to the keratinocytes. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
- Preferably he would like the stain to differentiate between melanin and melanocytes. (histosearch.com)
Synthesis of melanin4
- Protein involved in the synthesis of melanin. (uniprot.org)
- In living organisms, an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of melanin facilitates the production of carboxylic acids. (eurekalert.org)
- In the actual synthesis of melanin, the precursor diphenols are destabilized by enzymatic oxidation to quinones, whereupon the oxidation products polymerize spontaneously to make melanin. (asm.org)
- When Homo sapiens left Africa and had to adapt to less sunny climates, there was a mutation in one of the genes responsible for regulating the synthesis of melanin, the MC1R gene, which involved a discoloration of the skin. (medicalxpress.com)
Pigments10
- Certain invertebrates, fungi, and microorganisms also produce melanin pigments. (encyclopedia.com)
- It has previously been shown that certain trace elements occur in fossils as organometallic compounds, and hence may be used as biomarkers for melanin pigments. (nature.com)
- The surface pigmentation of vertebrates is controlled by specialized cells able to synthesize a variety of pigments collectively known as melanins. (wiley.com)
- As neuromelanin appears to have characteristics in common with the better studied peripheral melanin pigments this review compares what is known about neuromelanin with melanins found in other body tissues. (nih.gov)
- They have succeeded in developing a novel route to more rapidly synthesize and to enable the use of melanin, a polymeric compound that pigments the skin, eyes and hair of mammals and is considered one of the most promising materials for use in miniaturized implantable devices such as biosensors. (eurekalert.org)
- Melanins are pigments of high molecular weight formed by oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds and usually are dark brown or black. (asm.org)
- NanoRacks-Singapore American School-Analyzing Effectiveness of Melanin in Enhancing E. coli Growth (NanoRacks-SAS-Melanin-Containing E. coli Growth) investigates whether protective pigments enhance microbial growth in the high radiation environment of space. (nasa.gov)
- In animals melanin pigments are derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine. (definitions.net)
- IMPORTANCE Melanins are dark green, brown, or black pigments that serve as antioxidant, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers that protect fungal pathogens from radiation and host immune responses. (asm.org)
- Melanins are highly ordered polyphenolic and/or polyindolic biological pigments found in diverse living organisms, including animals, fungi, and bacteria ( 1 - 3 ). (asm.org)
Pigmentation12
- melanin Any of a group of polymers, derived from the amino acid tyrosine, that cause pigmentation of eyes, skin, and hair in vertebrates. (encyclopedia.com)
- In 1981 he was General Secretary of the 3rd European Workshop on Melanin Pigmentation and in 1998 he was President of the 8th Meeting of the ESPCR organized in Prague. (wiley.com)
- Epidermal melanin pigmentation has been considered as a primary absorber of ultraviolet radiation thus providing protection to the underlying epidermal and dermal elements. (lww.com)
- The detailed structure of the absorption spectra of epidermal melanin pigmentation in vivo together with the reactivity of melanin precursors and metabolites to ultraviolet A (320-400 nm) and visible (400-700 nm) radiation indicate that epidermal melanin may not be considered simply as passive absorber in the skin that acts as a neutral density filter - i.e. absorbing equally strongly at all wavelengths. (lww.com)
- A second approach to evaluate the effectiveness of epidermal melanin pigmentation as a filter for ultraviolet radiation is by studying the action spectra for the erythema and pigment reactions of skin to ultraviolet radiation for individuals of different levels of pigmentation. (lww.com)
- It is necessary therefore to rethink the role of epidermal melanin pigmentation or the ensemble of compounds that make it up (soluble and insoluble melanin, precursors and metabolites etc) and their reactivity in the skin. (lww.com)
- Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a cyclic orexinogenic hypothalamic peptide originally isolated from the pituitary gland of teleost fish where it controls skin pigmentation. (wikidoc.org)
- When skin cells responsible for pigmentation are exposed to estrogen or progesterone, the cells respond by adjusting their melanin production, resulting in either skin darkening or lightening. (medicalxpress.com)
- Melanin pigmentation in the scrotal region appears to be an adaption protecting male germinal tissue from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. (ku.edu)
- Historically, most skin care lines have not focused on melanin, effectively ignoring one of the central concerns of people with darker skin: even skin pigmentation. (gcimagazine.com)
- As a result, the skin's melanin is stabilized and can reverse skin concerns like hyper-pigmentation, texture and tone. (gcimagazine.com)
- Pigmentation of the skin because of synthesis and dispersion of melanin in the epidermis has a great significance in the cosmetic industry and society in general. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Types of Melanin3
- Because melanin is an aggregate of smaller component molecules, there are many different types of melanin with different proportions and bonding patterns of these component molecules. (wikipedia.org)
- However, some people's cells make more melanin, as well as certain types of melanin, more than others. (healthline.com)
- Notably, there are different types of melanin. (kstc.com)
Increasing melanin production1
- Antioxidants show the strongest potential for increasing melanin production. (healthline.com)
Biosynthesis4
- We consider the phenomenon in relation to known chemical properties of melanin, beginning with biosynthesis from ortho-hydroquinone precursors which, when oxidized enzymatically to quinones, polymerize spontaneously to melanin. (asm.org)
- The reader is referred to prior reviews for discussions of the biosynthesis and distribution of fungal melanins ( 4 , 90 ), the role of melanin in plant pathogens ( 18a ), the physicochemical properties of melanins ( 61 , 62 , 76 ) and a recent, excellent general overview of the synthesis and functions of fungal melanins ( 6 ). (asm.org)
- This by-product is a potent competitive inhibitor in the phenylalanine hydroxylase reaction with an inhibition constant of 10(-6) M. Thus, 6-BH4 seems to control melanin biosynthesis in the human epidermis, whereas 7-BH4 may initiate depigmentation in patients with vitiligo. (sciencemag.org)
- This opens an entirely new avenue for medical interventions because the process of biosynthesis of melanin is relatively easy to meddle with," says Baranova. (medicalxpress.com)
Tyrosine4
- melanin mĕl´ənĭn [ key ] , water-insoluble polymer of various compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine . (infoplease.com)
- Melanin is produced through a multistage chemical process known as melanogenesis, where the oxidation of the amino acid tyrosine is followed by polymerization. (wikipedia.org)
- The tyrosine ring represents a second source of precursor molecules, either as such or as dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), and because the oxidized product of DOPA, dopaquinone, is able to cyclize to form the 5,6-dihydroxyindole ring, tyrosine or DOPA melanin typically contains indole rings ( 54 ). (asm.org)
- Their UVA sensitivity, however, did not change after increasing their melanin content by culturing at high tyrosine concentration. (tudelft.nl)
Produce melanin2
- It's not unthinkable that these cells would adapt and produce melanin as a form of self-protection. (medicalxpress.com)
- The majority of malignant melanoma cell types are able to produce melanin and the degree of melanin synthesis in various types of cultured cell line differs. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Eumelanin5
- Both pheomelanin and eumelanin are found in human skin and hair, but eumelanin is the most abundant melanin in humans, as well as the form most likely to be deficient in albinism. (wikipedia.org)
- The most common form of biological melanin is eumelanin, a brown-black polymer of dihydroxyindole (also known as hydroquinone), dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid, and their reduced forms. (wikidoc.org)
- The two types are black eumelanin and brown eumelanin, with black melanin being darker than brown. (wikidoc.org)
- The most common biological melanin is eumelanin. (definitions.net)
- Melanins are present in a number of pathogenic fungi as three principal types: 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-melanin (eumelanin), and pyomelanin ( 13 , 14 ). (asm.org)
Epidermis4
- On exposure to sunlight, for example, the human epidermis undergoes gradual tanning as a result of an increase in melanin pigment. (britannica.com)
- Melanin is a special pigment of the epidermis . (wikipedia.org)
- Hi all, I need to verify melanins in human epidermis. (protocol-online.org)
- Experiments using chicken tissue have helped to crack the case concerning how melanin is carried to the epidermis, according to an article on Medical Xpress . (skininc.com)
Neuropeptide6
- Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), a 19-aa neuropeptide, is the product of the prepro-MCH gene and is expressed exclusively within the lateral hypothalamus. (pnas.org)
- Of these, neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the arcuate nucleus and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and orexins/hypocretins in the lateral hypothalamus have received attention because their expression is increased during fasting and because they promote feeding when administered centrally. (nih.gov)
- Several lines of investigation suggest that the hypothalamic neuropeptide melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) regulates body weight in mammals. (jci.org)
- Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide known to play a critical role in energy balance. (diabetesjournals.org)
- We recently identified the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor SLC-1 as a receptor for the neuropeptide Melanin Concentrating Hormone. (genscript.com)
- Background: Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is an evolutionary conserved hypothalamic neuropeptide that in mammals primarily regulates appetite and energy balance. (harvard.edu)
Melanocyte3
- Tyrosinase is found in only one specialized type of cell, the melanocyte, and in this cell melanin is found in membrane-bound bodies called melanosomes. (infoplease.com)
- Complexion coloration in humans primarily is regulated by the amount and type of melanin synthesized by the epidermal melanocyte. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
- In vitro melanin inhibitory activity: Keratinocyte and melanocyte co-cultures were selected for this study. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Strong resemblance to natural melanin1
- In a series of studies performed in recent years at the Center for Research and Development of Functional Materials (CDFM), where Graeff is a leading researcher and which is one of the Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers (RIDCs) funded by FAPESP, he and his collaborators managed to obtain biosynthetic melanin with good dispersion in water and a strong resemblance to natural melanin using a novel synthesis route. (eurekalert.org)
Reduce melanin8
- According to a 2012 study in Phytotherapy Research , the active compound in turmeric may reduce melanin synthesis. (healthline.com)
- Aloe vera may reduce melanin production after sun exposure. (healthline.com)
- Food that reduce melanin during pregnancy Download Here Free HealthCareMagic App to Ask a Doctor All the information, content and live chat provided on the site is intended to be for informational purposes only, and not a substitute for professional or medical advice. (kstc.com)
- Another way to reduce melanin in your skin is using pills and IV-shots that contain Glutathione. (kstc.com)
- what should i eat to reduce melanin? (kstc.com)
- Many natural ingredients can reduce melanin levels and help tackle uneven skin. (kstc.com)
- the active compound in turmeric may reduce melanin synthesis. (kstc.com)
- Therefore, if you decided to reduce melanin in your body, do not forget to watch out from direct sun light and use other forms of protecting your skin from damaging UV rays. (kstc.com)
Role of melanin-concent3
- Antal-Zimanyi I, Khawaja X. The role of melanin-concentrating hormone in energy homeostasis and mood disorders. (springer.com)
- This book offers a compilation of papers on the role of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in sleep, sleep disorders and neuroendocrine functions. (springer.com)
- The Role of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone in the Regulation of the Sleep/Wake Cycle: Sleep Promoter or Arousal Modulator? (springer.com)
Tissues that contain melanin2
- Nicotine has a high affinity for tissues that contain melanin and is a precursor for melanin synthesis. (news-medical.net)
- The mammalian eye consists of several layers of pigmented tissues that contain melanin. (nih.gov)
Zona reticularis of the adrenal gland1
- In humans, melanin is the primary determinant of human skin color and also found in hair , the pigmented tissue underlying the iris , the medulla and zona reticularis of the adrenal gland , the stria vascularis of the inner ear , and in pigment-bearing neurons within areas of the brainstem, such as the locus ceruleus and the substantia nigra . (wikidoc.org)
Biological8
- By increasing the density of carboxyl groups, the researchers were also able to make biosynthetic melanin more similar to the biological compound. (eurekalert.org)
- We've succeeded in obtaining a material that's very close to biological melanin by chemical synthesis and in producing high-quality film for use in bioelectronic devices," Graeff said. (eurekalert.org)
- In an era of exuberant development of informational biological macromolecules, it seems anachronistic to discuss polymers as primitively and randomly formed as the melanins. (asm.org)
- For the modifying effect of melanin on the association between carotenoids and MED, we do not have a clear biological explanation. (tudelft.nl)
- NanoRacks-Singapore American School-Analyzing Effectiveness of Melanin in Enhancing E. coli Growth (NanoRacks-SAS-Melanin-Containing E. coli Growth) determines whether melanin reduces the harmful effect of radiation on biological life. (nasa.gov)
- An understanding of the biological actions of Melanin Concentrating Hormone has been so far hampered by the lack of information about its receptor(s) and their location in the brain. (genscript.com)
- It is also a promising approach for a better understanding of the biological role, structure, and function of melanin. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- Finally, an RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis of the wild-type strain and of bzp4 Δ, usv101 Δ, hob1 Δ, and mbs1 Δ strains under nutrient-rich and nutrient-starved conditions revealed that the melanin-regulating core TFs govern redundant and distinct classes of genes involved in a variety of biological processes. (asm.org)
Hypothalamic2
- Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) is another hypothalamic peptide that is known to regulate energy balance. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Melanin Concentrating Hormone (MCH) is hypothalamic appetite stimulant and the ligand for somatostatin-like receptor 1(SLC-1). (genscript.com)
Melanogenesis3
- He was joint Charman with Jan Borovansky of the recent FEBS Symposium on Melanins and Melanogenesis. (wiley.com)
- Recently, he was appointed a member of the Organizing Committee of the 34th FEBS Meeting held in Prague and was responsible for planning the Symposium on Melanins and Melanogenesis. (wiley.com)
- The increased production of melanin in human skin is called melanogenesis . (wikidoc.org)
Neuromelanin4
- Neuromelanin in human dopamine neurons: comparison with peripheral melanins and relevance to Parkinson's disease. (nih.gov)
- Neuromelanin granules display a unique, more heterogeneous appearance compared with peripheral melanins. (nih.gov)
- Unlike melanin, neuromelanin is traditionally thought to result from a non-enzymatic synthesis pathway with no known pathway for neuromelanin catabolism. (nih.gov)
- By analogy with peripheral melanins, neuromelanin may function in vivo to attenuate the effects of damaging stimuli. (nih.gov)
Skintel Melanin Reader3
- The Skintel® Melanin Reader ™ offers aesthetic practitioners better treatment guidance and an added element of confidence. (cynosure.com)
- The Skintel™ Melanin Reader™ is the only FDA-cleared melanin reader, offering a quantitative method of measuring melanin content. (cynosure.com)
- The Skintel Melanin Reader determines average melanin density, helping better choose how to treat skin with light-based devices, and is FDA-approved for use with light-based treatments. (skininc.com)
Affect melanin production2
- Micronutrients like flavonoids or polyphenols , which come from the plants we eat, act as powerful antioxidants and may affect melanin production. (healthline.com)
- The only factors that affect melanin production are genetics, adequate vitamin D intake and the degree of your exposure to ultraviolet rays. (ehow.co.uk)
20181
- Launched in late 2018 with the release of their Twist-Elongating Style Cream, Melanin Haircare has been beloved by curly girls for a while now. (hollywoodlife.com)
Decrease existin1
- These products decrease existing melanin in the areas in which they're used. (healthline.com)
Tyrosinase7
- Hereditary albinism is caused by the absence of the enzyme tyrosinase, which is necessary for melanin production. (encyclopedia.com)
- Many of these suppress tyrosinase, the main enzyme needed for melanin synthesis. (healthline.com)
- According to a 2017 article in Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology , vitamin C can reduce tyrosinase activity, which prevents the formation of melanin. (healthline.com)
- Glycosylation of tyrosinase is a determinant of melanin production in cultured melanoma cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- In addition, a positive correlation between melanin production and tyrosinase activity was observed. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Glycosylation inhibitor treatment on MNT‑1 cells caused decreases in the molecular mass of tyrosinase, its activity and melanin production. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- The results indicated that the immature glycosylation of tyrosinase has a critical effect on the melanin-producing ability of melanoma cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Pheomelanin1
- Another common form of melanin is pheomelanin, a red-brown polymer of benzothiazine units largely responsible for red hair and freckles. (wikidoc.org)
Precursor1
- Neurons containing mRNA for the 165-amino acid precursor prepro-melanin-concentrating hormone (ppMCH, numbering about 12300 in the rat) [ 7 ] are distinct from but adjacent to those containing OX, lying predominantly in the LH but also in the perifornical area and subzona incerta [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Levels of melanin1
- The experiment uses special protein tags and automated photographic equipment to monitor the growth of a special bacterial strain that contains high levels of melanin, a common pigment that protects from radiation and other types of stress. (nasa.gov)
Amount of melanin4
- Hair , skin, and eye color in people and animals mostly depends on the type and amount of melanin they have. (webmd.com)
- The amount of melanin your body makes depends on your genes. (webmd.com)
- More research is needed to know if this is because of the amount of melanin in their skin. (webmd.com)
- It might even increase the amount of melanin in people with fair skin types. (healthline.com)
Amounts of melanin1
- Recently, oncologists have been able to point to a positive correlation between higher amounts of melanin in the human skin and reduced rates of skin cancer. (nasa.gov)
Presence of melanin2
- The presence of melanin in the archaea and bacteria kingdoms is an issue of ongoing debate amongst researchers in the field. (wikidoc.org)
- Urine melanin test is a test to determine the abnormal presence of melanin in the urine. (ucsfbenioffchildrens.org)
Properties of melanin1
- The photochemical properties of melanin make it an excellent photoprotectant . (wikidoc.org)
Humans3
- In humans, melanin is the primary determinant of skin color. (news-medical.net)
- Some humans have very little or no melanin synthesis in their bodies, a condition known as albinism. (wikipedia.org)
- The results concluded from NanoRacks-SAS-Melanin-Containing E. coli Growth may lead to discoveries relating to the connection between melanin levels and the survivability of microorganisms, and even other life forms, including humans, in space. (nasa.gov)
Natural pigment2
- Melanin is a natural pigment that can efficiently transform absorbed sunlight energy into heat," says Zhen Gu, corresponding author of a paper on the work and an associate professor in the joint biomedical engineering program at North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. (ncsu.edu)
- Melanin is an ubiquitous natural pigment found in most organisms. (definitions.net)
Malignant4
- Melanism can also occur pathologically, as in a malignant melanoma , a cancerous tumour composed of melanin-pigmented cells. (britannica.com)
- He has also published important studies on metal binding by melanins, the cytotoxicity of zinc, and free radical processes in normal and malignant pigment cells. (wiley.com)
- If melanin is present in the urine, malignant melanoma is suspected. (ucsfbenioffchildrens.org)
- In particular, we find evidence that the histologic transition from dysplastic nevi to melanoma in situ and then to malignant melanoma is reflected in the melanin absorption spectra. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
Melanosomes1
- In this ascomycete pathogen, melanin is externalized in the form of electron-dense melanosomes and extracellularly secreted or loosely bound to the cell wall surface through association with chitins ( 17 ). (asm.org)
Neurons3
- Late-onset leanness in mice with targeted ablation of melanin concentrating hormone neurons. (springer.com)
- Bacterial melanin increases electrical activity of neurons in Substantia Nigra pars compacta. (greenmedinfo.com)
- One of the great advantages of melanin is that it's a totally natural compound and biocompatible with the human body: hence its potential use in electronic devices that interface with brain neurons, for example. (eurekalert.org)
Physiology1
- Role of ocular melanin in ophthalmic physiology and pathology. (nih.gov)
Skin melanin3
- Phenotypical determinants, including skin melanin content, hair color and iris color were determined by skin reflectance spectrometry, a subjective questionnaire and an objective classification system, respectively. (tudelft.nl)
- Skin melanin content, which was positively associated with iris color in both sexes and with hair color in men, was the main phenotypical determinant of sensitivity to UV irradiation. (tudelft.nl)
- Conclusions: Skin melanin content and gender are important determinants of sensitivity to UV irradiation. (tudelft.nl)
Create melanin3
- To create melanin particles tiny enough to squeeze through the liver, lungs, and spleen, Dr. Dadachova and her team layered several coats of synthesized melanin on silica (sand) particles. (popsci.com)
- If you want to treat a skin condition or darken your skin tone for cosmetic purposes, know that there is no artificial method to create melanin. (ehow.co.uk)
- HL: When did you decide to create Melanin Haircare and why? (hollywoodlife.com)
Reduces melanin3
- Milk thistle is another pill that reduces melanin. (kstc.com)
- Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)-A potent antioxidant that also reduces melanin overproduction. (gcimagazine.com)
- Retinoids (vitamin A)-Retinol is one of the most powerful agents for skin turnover that reduces melanin clumping and irregularity in the skin's outer layers. (gcimagazine.com)
Contains melanin2
Precursors1
- Vanderbilt's Roger Cone and his team demonstrated that the newly discovered protein, AgRP2, regulates expression of the prohormone genes pmch and pmchl, precursors to melanin-concentrating hormone , which has a pigment-lightening effect. (thefreedictionary.com)
Production28
- Spots resulting from too much sun exposure and other effects of dysfunctional melanin production may become a thing of the past. (news-medical.net)
- Studies suggest vitamin A is important to melanin production and is essential to having healthy skin. (healthline.com)
- Since vitamin A also functions as an antioxidant, some researchers believe this vitamin, more than any other, may be the key to melanin production. (healthline.com)
- A type of carotenoid (the substance that gives red, yellow, and orange vegetables their color) is found in vitamin A. It may also play a role in melanin production and UV protection, according to research . (healthline.com)
- It may also have some impact on melanin production and skin protection. (healthline.com)
- There aren't any studies that prove vitamin C increases melanin production. (healthline.com)
- Eating vitamin C-rich foods like citrus, berries, and leafy green vegetables may optimize melanin production. (healthline.com)
- Is It Possible to Decrease Melanin Production or Deposits for Lighter Skin? (healthline.com)
- It's also possible to lower melanin production in the skin. (healthline.com)
- Read on to learn more about reducing melanin production and removing melanin deposits, including precautions and what to expect. (healthline.com)
- This slows down melanin production and results in lighter skin. (healthline.com)
- Can you slow melanin production in the skin? (healthline.com)
- Methods to lower melanin production don't involve medical treatments, but depend on your sun care habits and some natural remedy options. (healthline.com)
- Sunscreen protects the skin from UV rays , which slow down your melanin production. (healthline.com)
- According to Graeff, the challenges of using melanin as a material for the development of bioelectronic devices include the fact that like other carbon-based materials, such as graphene, melanin is not easily dispersible in an aqueous medium, a characteristic that hinders its application in thin-film production. (eurekalert.org)
- The production of thin films of melanin with high homogeneity and quality is made far easier by these characteristics," Graeff said. (eurekalert.org)
- The production of melanin , which shields the skin from UV and DNA damage, has long been the subject of research. (skininc.com)
- Vitamin E. Vitamin E doesn't directly inhibit the production of melanin pigment. (kstc.com)
- These foods have antioxidant properties, meaning they can help protect your skin from cell damage while encouraging balanced melanin production. (kstc.com)
- Onions are a food rich in essential nutrients that improve the production of melanin. (kstc.com)
- Food, particularly green raw vegetable (because of chlorophyll, which is plant melanin) Sleep, this is particularly important for the production of Melatonin. (kstc.com)
- Did you know that if you eat certain foods they will increase your melanin production, which in turn, will give you a darker tan and protect your skin from damage? (kstc.com)
- This greatly increases the quality and effectiveness of the experimental design and provides the team with valuable insight on whether increased production of melanin positively affects survival in space and microgravity. (nasa.gov)
- Ancha Baranova, assistant professor in George Mason University's Department of Molecular and Microbiology and the paper's lead author, explains that melanin production has never before been identified in fat tissue. (medicalxpress.com)
- Production of melanin is induced by UVB-radiation simulated by DNA, which is also a photoprotectant. (definitions.net)
- their deletion led to defective melanin production and LAC1 induction. (asm.org)
- In this basidiomycete pathogen, melanin production is regulated by the cAMP and high-osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) pathways, and yet its complex signaling networks remain poorly described. (asm.org)
- In this study, we evaluated three types of cultured cell line, MNT‑1, HM3KO and G‑361, with differing melanin production levels. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Pigment that gives1
- While analyzing samples taken from morbidly obese patients undergoing weight loss surgery, the researchers discovered that substantial quantities of melanin-a pigment that gives the skin, the hair and the iris of the eye their natural color-were being produced in the study participants' fat tissue. (medicalxpress.com)
Ultraviolet4
- The absorption spectra of synthetic and extracted melanins provide the evidence why melanin might provide adequate protection in the ultraviolet. (lww.com)
- In the JACS paper (17 August 2005, but available online) they demonstrate how melanin actually scavenges the harmful free radicals produced by high-energy blue or ultraviolet light as it flows into the eye, soaking them up and neutralizing their effects. (rxpgnews.com)
- Melanin protects the DNA in cells from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and prevents undesired mutations in DNA strands. (nasa.gov)
- They propose a "chemiexcitation" model in which reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induced by ultraviolet light excite an electron in melanin fragments. (sciencemag.org)
Vivo3
- the goal of the present work is to investigate its effectiveness as a melanin inhibitor (in vitro and in vivo), to define its mode of melanin inhibitory activity, and to show its applicability as a cosmetic ingredient to lighten and even-tone normal and hyperpigmented skin color. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
- We present a new method for studying melanin in vivo based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of human skin. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- We find that the optical absorption spectrum of in vivo melanin exhibits an exponential dependence on wavelength, consistent with, but with a higher decay slope than, in vitro results. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
Researchers5
- The researchers turned to polydopamine, a black substance that is structurally similar to melanin and has been explored for use in a variety of biomedical applications. (eurekalert.org)
- The new melanin synthesis route enabled the researchers to mimic the role of this enzyme chemically while increasing carboxyl group density. (eurekalert.org)
- Researchers have developed a melanin-enhanced cancer immunotherapy technique that can also serve as a vaccine, based on early experiments done in a mouse model. (ncsu.edu)
- The researchers then ran similar experiments using lysate made from two other cancers - breast cancer and a second form of melanoma with limited melanin. (ncsu.edu)
- In both cases, the researchers added melanin to the lysate to make it more light absorbent. (ncsu.edu)
20201
- When Queen Bey gave Melanin Haircare a shout-out in 2020 she highlighted a black-owned business that has a devoted following. (hollywoodlife.com)
Mice4
- After experimenting on groups of mice subjected to various doses of particles and radiation, Dr. Dadachova and her team found that those who received melanin prior to radiation experienced less symptoms of bone marrow damage. (popsci.com)
- Even better, mice who were injected with the melanin nanoparticles recovered their white blood cells and platelets much faster than the other mice did. (popsci.com)
- The mice are genetically engineered to lack melanin-concentrating hormone , or MCH, which is made in the brain and is known to stimulate feeding. (thefreedictionary.com)
- A team from the Joslin Diabetes Center and Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston reported that the compound, called melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), is found in higher levels in the brains of obese mice than in lean mice. (thefreedictionary.com)
Epidermal1
- Here we find that epidermal melanin is not a neutral density filter providing no or minimal protection for the induction of erythema at 295 and 315 nm and some protection at 305 and 365 nm. (lww.com)
Pathways3
- The melanin-concentrating hormone couples to multiple G proteins to activate diverse intracellular signaling pathways. (springer.com)
- In this study, we systematically analyzed melanin-regulating signaling pathways in Cryptococcus neoformans and identified four melanin-regulating core transcription factors (TFs), Bzp4, Usv101, Mbs1, and Hob1, required for induction of the laccase gene ( LAC1 ). (asm.org)
- Thus, this report provides comprehensive insight into the melanin-regulating pathways in C. neoformans and other fungal pathogens. (asm.org)
Receptor15
- MCHR1 is a receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). (springer.com)
- Localisation of melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 in rat brain and evidence that sleep parameters are not altered despite high central receptor occupancy. (springer.com)
- Melanin-concentrating hormone is the cognate ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor SLC-1. (springer.com)
- A point mutation in the human melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 reveals an important domain for cellular trafficking. (springer.com)
- Hamamoto A, Horikawa M, Saho T, Saito Y. Mutation of Phe318 within the NPxxY(x)(5,6)F motif in melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 results in an efficient signaling activity. (springer.com)
- Hamamoto A, Kobayashi Y, Saito Y. Identification of amino acids that are selectively involved in Gi/o activation by rat melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1. (springer.com)
- The distribution of the mRNA and protein products of the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor gene, slc-1, in the central nervous system of the rat. (springer.com)
- Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is produced mainly in the LH, and its receptor (MCH1R) is highly expressed in the NAcSh. (pnas.org)
- Receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone, coupled to both G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase and G proteins that activate phosphoinositide hydrolysis. (uniprot.org)
- Last year, "Nature" carried a report from SB identifying the cell- surface receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone , a hormone involved in regulation of appetite. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Just two months ago, Nature carried a report of another of the receptors recently identified through the genomics program at SB, that being the receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone , a hormone involved in regulation of appetite. (thefreedictionary.com)
- One receptor covered under the agreement with NeoTherapeutics binds to a chemical called MCH, or melanin-concentrating hormone , which plays an important role in the regulation of eating behavior. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of piperidine-based melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 antagonists. (genscript.com)
- Design and synthesis of orally efficacious benzimidazoles as melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 antagonists. (genscript.com)
- Characterization of a neuronal cell line expressing native human melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1). (genscript.com)
Virulence2
- Cryptococcus neoformans , the major etiological agent of fungal meningoencephalitis, also utilizes melanin as a key virulence factor. (asm.org)
- The filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus produces DHN melanin, which is responsible for the gray-green color of its conidia, and deletion of the polyketide synthase PksP results in white spores and attenuated virulence ( 15 ). (asm.org)
Neoformans2
- Incubation of MitoRed (the model) or amphotericin B with melanin extracted from C. neoformans decreased the free concentrations of these substances. (nih.gov)
- This suggests that neoformans cryptococcal melanin deposited amphotericin B in the cell wall binds, reducing its effective concentrations. (nih.gov)
Substance3
- Melanin is the natural substance that gives color (pigment) to hair, skin, and the iris. (medlineplus.gov)
- Melanin, the substance that gives skin its color, plays a big part in how different ethnicities show the signs of aging. (newbeauty.com)
- Melanin is a naturally occurring substance in the body that creates pigment in skin, hair and the iris of the eye. (ehow.co.uk)
Darker your skin1
- The darker your skin, the more melanin you have. (kidshealth.org)
Free Radicals3
- Melanin, a pigment responsible for skin color, not only curbs the formation of free radicals, which damage DNA, but it eliminates the ones that manage to form anyway. (popsci.com)
- This resistance is suggested to be the consequence of scavenging of superoxide free radicals by melanin. (biomedsearch.com)
- This property enables melanin to dissipate more than 99.9% of the absorbed UV radiation as heat [3] and it keeps the generation of free radicals at a minimum (see photoprotection ). (wikidoc.org)