Measles Vaccine

Measles

Measles virus

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine

Vaccination

Immunization Schedule

Vaccines

Mumps Vaccine

Guinea-Bissau

Antibodies, Viral

Vaccines, Combined

Rubella Vaccine

Vaccines, Inactivated

Immunization Programs

Viral Vaccines

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine

Vaccines, Synthetic

Vaccines, DNA

Bacterial Vaccines

Vaccines, Attenuated

Disease Outbreaks

Mumps

Rubella

AIDS Vaccines

Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests

Mass Vaccination

Immunization, Secondary

USSR

Vaccines, Subunit

Vaccines, Conjugate

Immunoglobulin G

Neutralization Tests

Immunity, Humoral

Malaria Vaccines

Hemagglutinins, Viral

Gambia

Immunization

Papillomavirus Vaccines

Antibody Affinity

Meningococcal Vaccines

Population Surveillance

Morbillivirus

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Vitamin A

Hepatitis B Vaccines

Immunity, Cellular

Immunity

Antibody Formation

Pertussis Vaccine

Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated

Haemophilus Vaccines

Seroepidemiologic Studies

BCG Vaccine

Rabies Vaccines

Rotavirus Vaccines

Chickenpox Vaccine

Developing Countries

Cholera Vaccines

Injections, Subcutaneous

World Health Organization

Smallpox Vaccine

Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines

Antigens, CD46

Measles vaccine

2018 Madagascar measles outbreak

Attenuated vaccine

Measles hemagglutinin

Use of fetal tissue in vaccine development

Vaccine

Anna Mitus

Measles morbillivirus

Vaccines and autism

Vaccine misinformation

Texans for Vaccine Choice

Introduction to viruses

Kent Holtorf

Pollin Prize for Pediatric Research

Epidemiology of measles

Measles

Vaccines for Children Program

Non-specific effect of vaccines

1998

Vaccination and religion

Nina Bencich Woodside

National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases

Sheila Dorothy King

Patrick Holford

Causes of autism

Disneyland measles outbreak

Measles resurgence in the United States

Anthroposophic medicine

Waldorf education

Oxford Vaccine Group

Human-to-human transmission

Helen Rees

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Diseases of poverty

UCL Medical School

Andrew Wakefield

Shelley Deeks

List of people from Newton, Massachusetts

Strategic Advisory Group of Experts

List of Puerto Rican scientists and inventors

Measles: A Dangerous Illness

2019 New York measles outbreak

Donald Henderson

Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety

Darkness in El Dorado

Ethan Lindenberger

Division of Global Migration and Quarantine

EuroHealthNet

Immunization of School Pupils Act

Health in Turkey

Childhood immunizations in the United States

Autism Speaks

Scarlet fever

Pharmaceutical industry

Vaccine hesitancy

Tara Haelle

Dendritic cell

Atypical pneumonia

Immunity20

• Acceptable evidence of immunity against measles includes at least one of the following: written documentation of adequate vaccination, laboratory evidence of immunity, laboratory confirmation of measles, or birth in the United States before 1957. (cdc.gov)
• The live MMR vaccine is used to induce active immunity against viruses that cause measles, mumps, and rubella. (medscape.com)
• This is a live vaccine that induces active immunity against viruses that cause measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella. (medscape.com)
• it is also indicated for infants younger than 6 months who were born to mothers without measles immunity and also all children and adolescents with HIV infection who are exposed to measles, regardless of measles immunization status, unless they have received IV Ig (400 mg/kg as part of routine immunoprophylaxis) within 3 weeks of exposure. (medscape.com)
• It's so contagious that if one person has it, 90% of those around him or her will also become infected unless they're protected by a vaccine or "natural immunity" from a previous measles infection. (nih.gov)
• Gamma globulin, a product made from the blood of a person or animal who has already had a disease, bestows immunity for a much shorter period than a true vaccine. (slate.com)
• Though the measles-mumps-rubella shot would later become a focus of our present-day anti-vaccination movement, in the '50s and '60s, as historian James Colgrove, author of State of Immunity , put it in an interview, "there was very little active resistance to vaccines. (slate.com)
• The consequence of this was a milder case of clinical measles and a resulting lifelong immunity. (nih.gov)
• Although this vaccine was in use for nearly 4 years (1963 to 1967), it was abandoned when analysis indicated that it provided only short-lived immunity and it was found that formerly vaccinated children developed severe reactions called ''atypical measles'' after their immunity waned and they became infected with the wild-type measles virus (Centers for Disease Control, 1967). (nih.gov)
• Administration of the vaccine with immune globulin of the proper titer attenuated the reaction without interfering with the induction of permanent immunity. (nih.gov)
• That's the idea of "herd immunity"-or that collective vaccination benefits those who can't get immunized because they are younger than one year old, or are allergic to some component of the vaccine, or their immunize system is compromised because of certain condition, such as HIV. (richmondconfidential.org)
• Measles was largely eradicated in the U.S. in 2000, when MMR vaccination rates reached 93%, which is the threshold to support what is known as herd immunity. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• Some may think most humans' immunity to measles, thanks to decades of widespread vaccination, would render its status as a coronavirus vaccine vehicle useless. (osu.edu)
• Dr. Griffin cautions that while immunity can lessen over time in vaccines like MMR, it's still high enough to protect most people for life. (medlineplus.gov)
• More antibody production against a virus like measles means better immunity or protection. (medlineplus.gov)
• Once they identify those genes, they can work to improve antibody production by the vaccine to provide similar lifelong immunity. (medlineplus.gov)
• As Dr. Griffin works to improve future vaccine immunity, she says that current vaccines are essential for staying healthy and keeping others healthy. (medlineplus.gov)
• Reasons for this include primary vaccine failure (2-10% of the vaccinated do not produce antibodies), secondary vaccine failure (waning antibodies), asymptomatic infection allowing unknowing transmission to others and the destruction of maternal immunity. (efvv.eu)
• In the pre-vaccine era, naturally immune mothers passed immunity to their infants via the placenta and in breast milk. (efvv.eu)
• However, vaccinated mothers produce fewer more transient antibodies and cannot confer immunity on their infants, leaving them vulnerable at a time when measles is most dangerous. (efvv.eu)

Mumps vaccine2

• 1-3] No clear evidence exists of live attenuated measles or mumps vaccine virus excretion into breastmilk. (nih.gov)
• In 1977, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended 1 mumps vaccine dose for routine childhood vaccination, and in 1989, the committee recommended that 2 doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine be given to school-aged children and select high-risk groups for improved measles control ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)

Outbreak17

• A Measles Outbreak in an Underimmunized Amish Community in Ohio. (medscape.com)
• In 1954, Thomas Peebles, a scientist working with famed biomedical researcher John Enders at Boston Children's Hospital, took advantage of a measles outbreak at the private Fay School in Massachusetts to collect blood samples and isolate a strain that could be used to make a vaccine. (slate.com)
• Assess the effectiveness of the MMR vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis during an outbreak of mumps. (cdc.gov)
• During the 2009-2010 mumps outbreak in the northeastern United States, we assessed effectiveness of PEP with a third dose of MMR vaccine among contacts in Orthodox Jewish households who were given a third dose within 5 days of mumps onset in the household's index patient. (cdc.gov)
• The measles outbreak, which started in December, 2014, at a Disneyland theme park in Orange County, is still ongoing in the United States, and has now reached Mexico and Canada, where more than 100 people have been reported to have the disease. (richmondconfidential.org)
• Even though there isn't any data yet to measure how the recent measles outbreak has affected local vaccination rates, health officials from Alameda or Contra Costa counties agree that "anecdotally," more parents seem to be worried about the disease and eager to know more about the vaccine. (richmondconfidential.org)
• It is too soon to know how the current measles outbreak has impacted the immunization rates," Dr. Gil Chavez, deputy director and state epidemiologist at the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), wrote in an email. (richmondconfidential.org)
• However," he added, "the outbreak has caused people to be more aware of measles and has been associated with widespread awareness of the importance of high vaccination rates for preventing measles spread. (richmondconfidential.org)
• The United States is currently experiencing the second largest measles outbreak since 2000, with 2014 having confirmed 667 cases of measles for the entire year. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• As the FDA continues to monitor the measles outbreak, officials are encouraging parents and guardians with any doubts concerning the MMR vaccination to consult with their healthcare provider for information. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• California, one of the most populous U.S. states and seat of the 2015 measles outbreak originating at Disneyland, presents an opportunity for observing these changes. (springer.com)
• This article offers a longitudinal case study of five decades of measles news coverage by the Los Angeles Times and the San Francisco Chronicle , which represented two of the largest news markets in California when the measles vaccine was released, in 1963, and during the 2015 outbreak. (springer.com)
• In 2015, a case of measles in a Disneyland visitor sparked an outbreak of one hundred forty-five cases in seven states. (springer.com)
• Since December 2022, a Measles outbreak has spread throughout a number of areas in South Africa. (bulungulaincubator.org)
• However, low vaccine coverage has caused this most recent outbreak to spread quickly. (bulungulaincubator.org)
• As part of the outbreak response, we have been running Measles vaccination drives- literally- in our Wellness Wagon, at all of our preschools and in our community for children six months to 15 years old. (bulungulaincubator.org)
• Additionally, we have shared an awareness campaign on the measles outbreak. (bulungulaincubator.org)

Immunization10

• We found that the magnitude of increased risk of seizures following immunization with measles-containing vaccines during the second year of life depends on age," Dr. Rowhani-Rahbar and colleagues write. (medscape.com)
• Vaccines are typically recommended at an age that maximizes the likelihood of vaccine-induced protection and minimizes the risk of morbidity and mortality that would occur by delaying immunization. (medscape.com)
• The safety profile of vaccines at different ages is another important consideration in immunization policy decision making," the authors conclude. (medscape.com)
• The EAG expressed the belief that whole-cell pertussis vaccine should remain the mainstay of national immunization programmes. (who.int)
• This program announcement, Modern Vaccines for Mycoses and Measles, is related to priority area of immunization-infectious diseases. (nih.gov)
• These revised recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) on measles, mumps, and rubella prevention supersede recommendations published in 1989 and 1990. (cdc.gov)
• In 1993, the Childhood Immunization Initiative established goals of eliminating indigenous transmission of measles and rubella in the United States by 1996. (cdc.gov)
• We have received calls from parents, schools, schools' nurses, childcare providers, even health care providers, physicians and nurses about measles vaccines," said Paul Leung, immunization coordinator at Contra Costa Health Services. (richmondconfidential.org)
• To quell those concerns, researchers gave cotton rats a measles vaccine and showed that a second immunization with the measles-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate could induce a strong neutralizing antibody response to the coronavirus. (osu.edu)
• These data summarize country introduction status of Measles-containing vaccine 2nd dose in the national immunization programme. (who.int)

Outbreaks9

• There have been recent epidemics of measles in Europe and increasing outbreaks in the United States. (medicinenet.com)
• The target counties were selected based on high numbers of unimmunized children and reported measles outbreaks. (who.int)
• ACIP does not recommend administering MMR vaccine during mumps outbreaks as postexposure prophylaxis (i.e., vaccine administered during a brief window after exposure to prevent mumps infection) ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
• A third dose of MMR vaccine has been used in previous mumps outbreaks, but its effectiveness is not established. (cdc.gov)
• Outbreaks of measles cases in the Northern Region were reported in 2018, the highest incidence rate was in Amazonas with 237.7. (bvsalud.org)
• As a disease that has been vaccine-preventable since the 1960s, measles has been the subject of intermittent periods of intensified media coverage for more than a half-century, with coverage usually triggered by outbreaks or vaccine issues. (springer.com)
• Especially in developed countries which are thought to be free of measles there is an increasing tendency towards hesitation for vaccination though there have been continued outbreaks of measles in countries in which measles is considered to be eliminated. (researcher-app.com)
• Measles outbreaks have occurred in school populations with 100% vaccination coverage. (efvv.eu)
• Increases in outbreaks have been noted after intensified vaccination programmes, demonstrating that measles occurs more frequently in vaccinated populations. (efvv.eu)

Killed measles virus1

• Unfortunately, the killed measles virus (KMV) vaccine was not effective in preventing people from getting the disease, and medical professionals discontinued its use in 1967. (medicinenet.com)

Reported measles cases2

• Death occurs in 1-2 of every 1,000 reported measles cases in the United States. (cdc.gov)
• By March 6, 17 US states and the District of Columbia reported measles cases, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) website. (richmondconfidential.org)

Diseases13

• Vaccines and high rates of vaccination have made these diseases much less common in the United States. (cdc.gov)
• Full Text PA-96-061 MODERN VACCINES FOR MYCOSES AND MEASLES NIH GUIDE, Volume 25, Number 20, June 21, 1996 PA NUMBER: PA-96-061 P.T. 34 Keywords: Vaccine Fungal Diseases+ Viral Studies (Virology) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases PURPOSE The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) gives special consideration for funding to scientifically meritorious applications in response to Program Announcements. (nih.gov)
• The purpose of this PA is to stimulate research on selected emerging and re-emerging diseases for which new or improved vaccines are needed. (nih.gov)
• Vaccine approaches for these and selected other fungal diseases are under exploited. (nih.gov)
• The vaccines are available free of charge and I urge all parents to ensure their children are vaccinated in order to protect them from these diseases. (who.int)
• A diagnosis of measles based solely on clinical appearance could be erroneous, because a number of other exanthematous diseases can resemble measles. (nih.gov)
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) officials issued a measles vaccination statement on April 22, promoting the ability of the MMR vaccine to effectively prevent the infection and spread of these diseases as dozens of new cases continue to be reported each week throughout the U.S. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• The promotional week is intended to highlight the importance of protecting infants from vaccine-preventable diseases and celebrate the critical role vaccinations play in protecting children, communities, and public health. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• She's doing that by studying the measles virus, with help from NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. (medlineplus.gov)
• One of the main reasons behind Dr. Griffin's work to improve vaccines is to stop potential complications that come with diseases like measles. (medlineplus.gov)
• But modern Americans no longer feared it because they "have no first-hand experience with measles or other dangerous diseases that used to be common. (springer.com)
• As one of the most contagious diseases out there, we need to do everything possible to prevent the measles from spreading before it becomes endemic. (activebeat.com)
• From primitive inoculation techniques to using DNA and mRNA technology, vaccines for the deadliest diseases have come a long way in the past few centuries. (mentalfloss.com)

Dose10

• Infants who will be traveling outside the United States when they are between 6 and 11 months of age should get a dose of MMR vaccine before travel. (cdc.gov)
• Infants who received vaccines containing live, attenuated measles were less likely to suffer a seizure within 7 to 10 days if the vaccination was administered at the recommended time, between 12 and 15 months of age, compared with older infants whose first measles dose was delayed, according to a large retrospective cohort study. (medscape.com)
• The risk of seizures is higher after MMRV than after separate MMR and varicella vaccines when given as the first dose of the two-dose series in younger children. (nih.gov)
• 89% of patients with mumps had received at least 2 doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, and a third dose was recommended as a control measure. (cdc.gov)
• These were weighed against potential drawbacks, which included the potential for vaccine-related side effects, associated costs, and the lack of evidence of the effectiveness of a third MMR dose. (cdc.gov)
• Because of sustained transmission in a population with high 2-dose coverage with measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, a third MMR dose was recommended by IDPH, C-UPHD, and the university's McKinley Health Center. (cdc.gov)
• For a single dose of vaccine administered at 9-11 months of age and ≥12 months, the median VE was 77.0% (interquartile range [IQR], 62%-91%) and 92.0% (IQR, 86%-96%), respectively. (nih.gov)
• The VE of the first dose of measles-containing vaccine administered at 9-11 months was lower than what would be expected from serologic evaluations but was higher than expected when administered at ≥12 months. (nih.gov)
• Introduction status of Measles-containing vaccine 2nd dose over time. (who.int)
• Plain and simple, the CDC should make sure the measles vaccine and much-needed booster shots are made easily available and completely free at schools, health clinics and more, so that kids and adults can get their second booster dose and so others might consider vaccinating for the first time," Schumer added. (activebeat.com)

Response to the measles2

• Dr. Rowhani-Rahbar and colleagues note that a possible reason for the differing risk profiles is the ability of immune systems of 16- to 23-month-olds to mount a more rigorous response to the measles vaccine, compared with younger infants. (medscape.com)
• Mashin Hitsuyo  (Necessary Instructions About Measles) was published in Edo, Japan, in response to the measles epidemic of 1824. (nih.gov)

MMRV12

• Children 12 months through 12 years of age might receive MMR vaccine together with varicella vaccine in a single shot, known as MMRV. (cdc.gov)
• MMRV vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines. (nih.gov)
• Instead of MMRV, some children might receive separate shots for MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) and varicella. (nih.gov)
• In some cases, your health care provider may decide to postpone MMRV vaccination until a future visit or may recommend that the child receive separate MMR and varicella vaccines instead of MMRV. (nih.gov)
• Children who are moderately or severely ill should usually wait until they recover before getting MMRV vaccine. (nih.gov)
• Seizures, often associated with fever, can happen after MMRV vaccine. (nih.gov)
• People with serious immune system problems should not get MMRV vaccine. (nih.gov)
• If a person develops a rash after MMRV vaccination, it could be related to either the measles or the varicella component of the vaccine. (nih.gov)
• Because the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine compared with the separate measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and varicella (MMR + V) vaccine increases a toddler's risk for febrile seizures, we investigated whether MMRV is riskier than MMR + V and whether either vaccine elevates the risk for additional safety outcomes. (healthpartners.com)
• CONCLUSIONS: This study did not identify any new safety concerns comparing MMRV with MMR + V or after either the MMRV or the MMR + V vaccine. (healthpartners.com)
• This vaccine is also given in combination as the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) vaccine . (sa.gov.au)
• The vaccine is also free and given as the combination MMRV vaccine to all children at 18 months of age. (sa.gov.au)

19632

• However, it was not until 1963 that researchers first developed a vaccine to prevent measles. (medicinenet.com)
• This rate was a reduction of over 99 percent from the 400,000 to 700,000 annual cases reported before the introduction of a vaccine in 1963. (nih.gov)

Previous measles1

• The European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) state that the rise in cases in Romania is due to falling vaccination and that they should identify those not vaccinated, but they did not look at previous measles cycles, vaccine status of cases or consider wider issues that contribute to mortality such as sanitation, access to medical care and nutrition. (efvv.eu)

Pneumonia7

• Measles complications include ear infections , pneumonia , and encephalitis . (medicinenet.com)
• The complications of measles that result in most deaths include pneumonia and inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). (medicinenet.com)
• In severe cases, measles may cause complications such as pneumonia, swelling of the brain and death. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• Other infections like bacterial pneumonia are quite common after measles,' Dr. Griffin adds. (medlineplus.gov)
• It's estimated that 10 per cent of people who get measles develop a more serious condition, such as pneumonia. (activebeat.com)
• Only 10 of the 46 measles deaths for 2016-2018 were listed as measles on death certificates - causes included pneumonia, anaemia and multi-organ failure - late effects of measles that may not have occurred if they were not malnourished. (efvv.eu)
• Formula-fed babies are at greater risk of infections like measles and pneumonia. (efvv.eu)

Encephalitis3

• Measles infection of the brain ( encephalitis ) can cause convulsions, mental retardation, and even death. (medicinenet.com)
• Measles causes encephalitis in 1 case per 1,000, with further serious complications (deafness, intellectual disabilities) occurring in one-third of those cases. (slate.com)
• In the late 1950s , the country saw an average of 4,000 kids get encephalitis from measles every year, while about 450 died. (slate.com)

Centers for Dis3

• To examine the effect of infant age on the risk for vaccine-related fever and seizures, the researchers tapped the Vaccine Safety Datalink, a collaborative effort between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and 10 managed care organizations. (medscape.com)
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and several health professional organizations state that vaccines given to a nursing mother do not affect the safety of breastfeeding for mothers or infants and that breastfeeding is not a contraindication to MMR vaccine. (nih.gov)
• According to the FDA and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 626 individual cases of measles have been confirmed across 22 states from January 1, through April 19, 2019. (aboutlawsuits.com)

Infants4

• The authors focused on the records of children aged between 12 and 23 months who had received measles-containing vaccine between January 2001 and December 2011, including 840,348 infants. (medscape.com)
• However, currently licensed vaccines do have deficiencies as public health tools, particularly in regard to efficacy in very young infants. (nih.gov)
• The risk for death from measles or its complications is greater for infants, young children, and adults than for older children and adolescents. (cdc.gov)
• Measles illness during pregnancy leads to increased rates of premature labor, spontaneous abortion, and low birth weight among affected infants (2-5). (cdc.gov)

1960s3

• Introduced in the 1960s, it has been shown to be safe in both children and adults, providing long-term protection against the measles virus. (nih.gov)
• The measles vaccine has been used in children since the 1960s, and has a long history of safety for children and adults," said Jianrong Li , senior author of the study and a professor of virology in The Ohio State University Department of Veterinary Biosciences . (osu.edu)
• Salk's competitor, Albert Sabin, introduced an oral polio vaccine in the 1960s. (mentalfloss.com)

Increase in measles4

• Lowes R. Three-Fold Increase in Measles Warrants Vigilance, CDC Says. (medscape.com)
• With the increase in measles cases in the North of Brazil and a decrease in the percentage of vaccination coverage recommended by the Ministry of Health, the need for health strategies and campaigns for vaccination coverage to reach the recommendation is evident, and should be carried out frequently and with emphasis on not having new measles cases and especially the non-occurrence of death from an immunopreventible disease. (bvsalud.org)
• This could be fuelling the increase in measles mortality. (efvv.eu)
• Factors driving the increase in measles mortality in Romania were not given the attention they deserve. (efvv.eu)

Patients with measles1

• Pan also reminds worried parents that measles can be deadly-in the hospital, 1 in 1,000 patients with measles die from brain infection, a complication of the disease. (richmondconfidential.org)

Rubeola5

• Rubeola is the scientific name used for measles. (medicinenet.com)
• People often confuse rubeola with rubella (German measles). (medicinenet.com)
• The pathogen responsible for measles is the rubeola virus. (medicinenet.com)
• The measles virus (rubeola virus, a paramyxovirus, genus Morbillivirus ) causes measles. (medicinenet.com)
• The incubation period of measles (rubeola) averages 10-12 days from exposure to prodrome and 14 days from exposure to rash (range: 7-18 days). (cdc.gov)

Cough3

• MEASLES (M) causes fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes, commonly followed by a rash that covers the whole body. (cdc.gov)
• The Vaccination Assistance Act, which was passed in 1962, funded grants to states to help with vaccine delivery, specifying the use of the money for vaccinations against polio, diphtheria, whooping cough, and tetanus, hoping to rectify this problem. (slate.com)
• Current acellular vaccines protect against whooping cough disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in baboons, report US government scientists. (abc.net.au)

Highly efficacious2

• A safe and highly efficacious measles virus-based vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 stabilized prefusion spike. (nih.gov)
• For measles, the goal is to develop safe, new measles vaccines that are highly efficacious when administered in early infancy and that will aid in the control and eventual eradication of measles. (nih.gov)

Vaccine's2

• Because of that vaccine's proven track record, researchers used it to develop an experimental vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. (nih.gov)
• Even with several vaccines already on the market, researchers say this candidate may have advantages worth exploring - especially related to the measles vaccine's established safety, durability and high-efficacy profile. (osu.edu)

Infection10

• In people with serious immune system problems, this vaccine may cause an infection that may be life-threatening. (cdc.gov)
• While German measles is rarely fatal, it is dangerous in that infection of pregnant women causes birth defects and can cause miscarriage and fetal death. (medicinenet.com)
• T cells are immune cells that fight infection and are an important measure of vaccine effectiveness. (nih.gov)
• The team then tested whether the vaccine would protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. (nih.gov)
• Signs and symptoms of the disease appear years after measles infection. (cdc.gov)
• A new SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate, developed by giving a key protein's gene a ride into the body while encased in a measles vaccine, has been shown to produce a strong immune response and prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and lung disease in multiple animal studies. (osu.edu)
• Genetically modified mice produced helper T cells - a type of white blood cell - in response to the vaccine, another important way the body fights infection, and severe disease in particular. (osu.edu)
• Rubella (German measles) - causes a rash and swollen glands, but infection in pregnancy, can result in the baby being born with severe disabilities. (sa.gov.au)
• Measles is a highly contagious viral infection potentially with serious complications and the principal method of protection from the disease is vaccination. (researcher-app.com)
• Prior to vaccines, measles had become a mild childhood infection for most children in high income countries. (efvv.eu)

Vaccination coverage3

• Another important lesson is that even when overall vaccination coverage is high, measles transmission can occur in smaller areas of groups with low coverage," he added. (richmondconfidential.org)
• In view of the alarming growth of measles cases in Brazil, especially in the northern region of the country, this study was carried out in order to analyze the vaccination coverage and incidence of measles in the northern region of Brazil. (bvsalud.org)
• Recent measles cases across Europe have led to a call for increased vaccination coverage, but measles vaccines do not always prevent measles. (efvv.eu)

20004

• METHODS: Study children were aged 12 to 23 months in the Vaccine Safety Datalink from 2000 to 2012. (healthpartners.com)
• U.S. Public Health Service year 2000 objectives include eliminating measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome, and reducing mumps incidence to less than 500 reported cases per year. (cdc.gov)
• It's a disappointing trend for American medical professionals who fought hard to have measles virtually eradicated in the year 2000. (activebeat.com)
• Measles vaccination resulted in a 79% drop in measles deaths between 2000 and 2015 worldwide. (researcher-app.com)

1,0001

• Whatever its toll in industrialized countries, where the measles fatality rate is 1 per 10,000 cases (Babbott and Gordon, 1954), measles has been a far greater scourge in developing countries, with case fatality rates as high as 1,000 per 10,000 cases (Morley, 1974). (nih.gov)

Severe measles1

• Of note, low serum concentrations of vitamin A are found in children with severe measles in the United States. (medscape.com)

Describe measles2

• Other terms describe measles. (medicinenet.com)
• Language used to describe measles in the press has altered significantly over the last sixty years, a shift that reflects changing perceptions of the disease within the medical community as well as broader changes in public health discourse. (springer.com)

Doses of MMR vaccine3

• Older children , adolescents , and adults also need 1 or 2 doses of MMR vaccine if they are not already immune to measles, mumps, and rubella. (cdc.gov)
• All patients with suspected mumps had documentation of receipt of 2 doses of MMR vaccine. (cdc.gov)
• Investigators identified contacts of mumps patients to verify receipt of 2 doses of MMR vaccine and recommended vaccination of susceptible close contacts if they were not fully vaccinated. (cdc.gov)

World Health Organ1

• The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends vitamin A administration to all children with acute measles, regardless of their country of residence. (medscape.com)

Prevent5

• Prevent measles and talk to your healthcare provider about the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, especially if planning to travel . (cdc.gov)
• Measles is a vaccine -preventable disease, meaning that vaccination can prevent it. (medicinenet.com)
• For these reasons, efforts to prevent measles have been extraordinary. (nih.gov)
• We cannot state strongly enough - the overwhelming scientific evidence shows that vaccines are among the most effective and safest interventions to both prevent individual illness and protect public health," Dr. Peter Marks, director of FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, said in the statement. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• A broader approach is needed to prevent measles complications and death. (efvv.eu)

Antibodies7

• The team identified the most promising vaccine candidate, which produced the highest levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in rodents. (nih.gov)
• Experiments showed that the new vaccine, called rMeV-preS, produced levels of neutralizing antibodies in rodents higher than those found in recovered COVID-19 patients. (nih.gov)
• The diagnosis can be confirmed by a laboratory test that detects antibodies to the measles virus. (nih.gov)
• Like all vaccines, this candidate initiates the production of antibodies that recognize the new protein as foreign, training the immune system to attack and neutralize the spike protein if SARS-CoV-2 ever enters the body. (osu.edu)
• The team tested the vaccine candidate in several animal models to gauge its effectiveness, and found that the vaccine induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in all of the animals. (osu.edu)
• By researching antibody production against the measles virus, Dr. Griffin and her team want to see if they can identify which genes help make the antibodies better. (medlineplus.gov)
• Salk's vaccine deceived the immune system into making antibodies against the virus. (mentalfloss.com)

Varicella vaccine2

• Two US Food and Drug Administration-approved vaccines containing live attenuated measles are administered to American children: the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine. (medscape.com)
• The varicella vaccine virus could be spread to an unprotected person. (nih.gov)

Prevention3

• Medications used in the treatment or prevention of measles include vitamin A, antivirals (eg, ribavirin), measles virus vaccine, and human immunoglobulin (Ig). (medscape.com)
• The next step in prevention efforts was the development of a killed vaccine. (nih.gov)
• Development of a live attenuated measles vaccine began a new era in the prevention of this disease. (nih.gov)

Effectiveness4

• Although the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is not recommended for mumps postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), data on its effectiveness are limited. (cdc.gov)
• Information on measles vaccine effectiveness (VE) is critical to help inform policies for future global measles control goals. (nih.gov)
• Some parents oppose vaccination due to safety concerns, or because they question the effectiveness and necessity of vaccines. (richmondconfidential.org)
• Amid increasing reports of measles that appears to be linked to the "anti-vaxxer" campaign, federal health officials are stressing the importance and effectiveness of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccination, which had essentially eradicated the disease until recently. (aboutlawsuits.com)

Child's1

• A page from a book in Japanese with an illustration of a child's face showing the red spots of measles concentrated around the mouth and chin. (nih.gov)

Virus23

• Measles is a very contagious disease caused by a virus. (cdc.gov)
• In fact, the measles virus can stay in the air for up to 2 hours after an infected person was there. (cdc.gov)
• Measles virus is susceptible to ribavirin in vitro. (medscape.com)
• In the United States, measles virus vaccine is usually given along with attenuated rubella and mumps viruses as the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. (medscape.com)
• A virus causes measles , a potentially serious disease that spreads easily. (medicinenet.com)
• Before the vaccine was available, the measles virus infected almost every child because it spreads so easily. (medicinenet.com)
• Researchers developed one from a killed virus, and they developed the other using a live measles virus that was weakened (attenuated) and could no longer cause the disease. (medicinenet.com)
• The live virus vaccine has been modified a number of times to make it safer (further attenuated) and today is extremely effective in preventing the disease. (medicinenet.com)
• The measles virus can remain in the air (and still be able to cause disease) for up to 2 hours after an infected person has left a room. (medicinenet.com)
• Measles spreads through droplet transmission from the nose, throat, and mouth of someone infected with the virus. (medicinenet.com)
• The vaccine uses a live but weakened strain of the measles virus. (nih.gov)
• The modified measles virus acts as a vehicle to carry the gene for the spike protein into the body. (nih.gov)
• Although rubella vaccine virus might be excreted into milk, the virus usually does not infect the infant. (nih.gov)
• Children under five-years-old can die from measles complications and if the virus circulation is not stopped, their risk of exposure increases daily. (who.int)
• It is also possible to isolate the measles virus, but this effort often fails. (nih.gov)
• Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare degenerative disease of the central nervous system associated with measles virus. (cdc.gov)
• Dr. Griffin and her team want to understand how people who've had measles are protected from the virus for the rest of their lives. (medlineplus.gov)
• They're looking at the vaccine and the actual virus side by side to better understand this. (medlineplus.gov)
• One step closer Researchers say a safe and effective vaccine against the Zika virus is a step closer after two successful trials on mice. (abc.net.au)
• This vaccine contains small amounts of the live virus . (sa.gov.au)
• Measles is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by a virus that can be spread through the air - usually through coughing and sneezing. (activebeat.com)
• He produced a vaccine by attenuating the virus in rabbits, making it less virulent. (mentalfloss.com)
• Contrary to his peers, Salk believed that a "killed-virus" vaccine would be just as effective, and possibly safer, than a "live-virus" vaccine. (mentalfloss.com)

Live4

• The currently used vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine. (medicinenet.com)
• Some people may not be able to receive a live vaccine for medical reasons, so please speak with your doctor or immunisation provider for further information. (sa.gov.au)
• This was a "live" vaccine made by weakening the poliovirus (which attacks the gastrointestinal tract first, and then the nervous system). (mentalfloss.com)
• A total of 152.648 children aged between seven and fourteen were vaccinated by a live attenuated measles vaccine of which 148.064 (97%) had received measles vaccine by age nine or twelve months. (researcher-app.com)

Genome3

• They developed the vaccines by inserting genes for different forms of the coronavirus spike protein into the measles vaccine genome. (nih.gov)
• using a specific snippet of the coronavirus spike protein gene, and inserting it into a sweet spot in the measles vaccine genome to boost activation, or expression, of the gene that makes the protein. (osu.edu)
• The scientists inserted the prefusion spike protein gene containing manufacturing instructions into a segment of the measles vaccine genome to generate high expression of the protein, reasoning that the more SARS-CoV-2 spike protein produced, the better the immune response. (osu.edu)

Infections2

• Most people who die of measles die of related infections, usually a month or two after having measles. (medlineplus.gov)
• The vaccination debate has seen a spike in measles infections in recent years. (activebeat.com)

Cases15

• Since then, widespread use of measles vaccine has led to a greater than 99% reduction in measles cases compared with the pre-vaccine era. (cdc.gov)
• California Department of Public Health Confirms 59 Cases of Measles. (medscape.com)
• People have described cases of measles as early as the seventh century. (medicinenet.com)
• Before routine vaccination, there were approximately 3-4 million cases of measles and 500 deaths due to measles each year in the United States. (medicinenet.com)
• Between 1981 and 1988, a steady average of 3,000 cases of measles occurred each year. (nih.gov)
• But since then dozens of cases have appeared, with a spike in 2014, when more than 600 measles cases arose. (nih.gov)
• In 2015, over 140 measles cases have already been reported nationwide. (nih.gov)
• Most kids weathered the measles fine, but there were lots of cases, and thus lots of complications. (slate.com)
• Since 1995, fewer cases of measles, rubella, and mumps have been reported than at any time since nationwide disease reporting began, and elimination of indigenous transmission appears feasible. (cdc.gov)
• When analysis was restricted to include only point estimates for which vaccination history was verified and cases were laboratory confirmed, the median VE was 84.0% (IQR, 72.0%-95.0%) and 92.5% (IQR, 84.8%-97.0%) when vaccine was received at 9-11 and ≥12 months, respectively. (nih.gov)
• Alameda County accounts for six of the 133 measles cases in California, according to data updated by the CDC on March 13. (richmondconfidential.org)
• Further investigation of the etiology of those cases revealed that they were not related to measles or measles vaccine. (researcher-app.com)
• Cases occur in the fully vaccinated and vaccination campaigns may be driving increased mortality from measles. (efvv.eu)
• The WHO reported a four-fold increase in European measles cases in 2017 compared with 2016, while omitting data from previous years that demonstrated this was a normal pattern in the cycle. (efvv.eu)
• Measles cases naturally rise and fall. (efvv.eu)

Contagious viral2

• Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. (medicinenet.com)
• Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that spreads easily from person to person, especially in those without previous vaccination. (medicinenet.com)

Rash2

• For many midcentury American families, a bout of the measles-kids home from school, feverish and rash-covered, eating Popsicles and reading comic books-was a rite of passage. (slate.com)
• Conventionally, the diagnosis of measles is made clinically on the basis of its signs and symptoms, which include a characteristic rash. (nih.gov)

Childhood4

• To officials looking at the big picture, the public health toll of measles, a common and extremely contagious childhood disease, looked unacceptably high. (slate.com)
• Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality. (nih.gov)
• Measles was a leading, highly contagious childhood disease that once killed millions each year, wrote Times reporter Karen Kaplan. (springer.com)
• Measles is a childhood disease that is highly contagious but is prevented with an effective and safe vaccine. (bulungulaincubator.org)

Fever4

• Measles starts with fever. (cdc.gov)
• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: All measles-containing vaccines are associated with several types of adverse events, including seizure, fever, and immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP). (healthpartners.com)
• That made his experiments to develop a vaccine for yellow fever much easier and cheaper, since he had been using more expensive monkeys in his research. (mentalfloss.com)
• Theiler eventually developed two varieties of yellow fever vaccine. (mentalfloss.com)

Seizures1

• A particularly serious complication is postinfectious encephalomyelitis, which is rare, but can cause seizures and brain damage that lasts for years after a case of the measles. (medlineplus.gov)

Elimination4

• Elimination of Endemic Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome From the Western Hemisphere: The US Experience. (medscape.com)
• The European Regional Verification Commission for Measles and Rubella Elimination (‎RVC)‎ met for the ninth time through a series of virtual meetings held between June and December 2020. (who.int)
• This statement summarizes the goals and current strategies for measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) elimination and for mumps reduction in the United States. (cdc.gov)
• For these reasons, measles elimination through vaccination is not possible. (efvv.eu)

Children16

• This vaccine is only licensed for use in children who are 12 months through 12 years of age. (cdc.gov)
• If you have a child and don't have insurance or if your insurance does not cover vaccines for your child, the Vaccines for Children Program (VFC) may be able to help. (cdc.gov)
• This program helps families of eligible children who might not otherwise have access to vaccines. (cdc.gov)
• Vitamin A treatment for children with measles in developing countries has been associated with a marked reduction in morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
• The major cause of the re-emergence of measles in the U.S. was the failure to vaccinate children at the appropriate age rather than failure of vaccine efficacy. (nih.gov)
• Lucy Fox, MD, a primary care physician at Rush Oak Park Hospital, explains why it's so important that you and your children are vaccinated against measles. (rush.edu)
• Measles can be especially dangerous to children under 5 years old. (nih.gov)
• The Government of Kenya has always prioritized the health of the people and that is why we are taking this urgent action to protect children from measles and rubella," Chief Administrative Secretary for Health, Dr Mercy Mwangangi said. (who.int)
• As part of the campaign, MR vaccines will be administered to children in health facilities, with mobile teams also providing vaccination in preschools, marketplaces, churches and other designated places on specific days. (who.int)
• UNICEF is working hard to ensure that young and vulnerable children are vaccinated against measles and rubella. (who.int)
• Measles formerly afflicted virtually all children before they reached adolescence. (nih.gov)
• However, the titration was not always perfect, and in some children the disease was inadvertently prevented, and therefore, they were soon susceptible again, whereas other children developed nearly full-blown measles, with all the risks of serious morbidity and complications. (nih.gov)
• Due to the rise of the "anti-vaxxer" movement, which has been fueled by erroneous information that suggests the measles vaccine causes autism and other ailments, a growing number of children are missing necessary vaccines. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• Vaccinating against measles, mumps and rubella not only protects us and our children, it protects people who can't be vaccinated, including children with compromised immune systems due to illness and its treatment, such as cancer. (aboutlawsuits.com)
• The MMR vaccine is a free vaccine as part of the National Immunisation Program for children at 12 months of age. (sa.gov.au)
• In conclusion, single-component measles vaccine was found to be safe in previously MMR vaccinated children in short term and long term effects may be need to be clarified by further studies. (researcher-app.com)

Researchers1

• Enders made this strain available to other researchers, and in 1962, Maurice Hilleman and his colleagues at Merck released an attenuated measles vaccine using that strain. (slate.com)

Spreads1

• Measles spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. (nih.gov)

Viral3

• Rubella is the scientific name used of German measles, a different viral illness. (medicinenet.com)
• measles is an immunopreventable viral disease, acute exanthematous and extremely transmissible. (bvsalud.org)
• Measles is an immunopreventable, acute exanthematous viral disease, extremely transmissible, caused by viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family of the genus Morbillivirus 1 . (bvsalud.org)