Measles. Medical search

A highly contagious infectious disease caused by MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells, spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.

The type species of MORBILLIVIRUS and the cause of the highly infectious human disease MEASLES, which affects mostly children.

A live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had measles or been immunized with live measles vaccine and have no serum antibodies against measles. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A combined vaccine used to prevent MEASLES; MUMPS; and RUBELLA.

A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The condition occurs primarily in children and young adults, approximately 2-8 years after the initial infection. A gradual decline in intellectual abilities and behavioral alterations are followed by progressive MYOCLONUS; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; autonomic dysfunction; and ATAXIA. DEATH usually occurs 1-3 years after disease onset. Pathologic features include perivascular cuffing, eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, neurophagia, and fibrous gliosis. It is caused by the SSPE virus, which is a defective variant of MEASLES VIRUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp767-8)

A genus of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE (subfamily PARAMYXOVIRINAE) where the virions of most members have hemagglutinin but not neuraminidase activity. All members produce both cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies. MEASLES VIRUS is the type species.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

Organized services to administer immunization procedures in the prevention of various diseases. The programs are made available over a wide range of sites: schools, hospitals, public health agencies, voluntary health agencies, etc. They are administered to an equally wide range of population groups or on various administrative levels: community, municipal, state, national, international.

An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.

Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

An acute infectious disease caused by the RUBELLA VIRUS. The virus enters the respiratory tract via airborne droplet and spreads to the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.

Vaccines used to prevent infection by MUMPS VIRUS. Best known is the live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or been immunized with live mumps vaccine. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine.

Specific hemagglutinin subtypes encoded by VIRUSES.

Schedule giving optimum times usually for primary and/or secondary immunization.

A live attenuated virus vaccine of duck embryo or human diploid cell tissue culture origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of nonpregnant adolescent and adult females of childbearing age who are unimmunized and do not have serum antibodies to rubella. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Administration of a vaccine to large populations in order to elicit IMMUNITY.

The type species of RUBULAVIRUS that causes an acute infectious disease in humans, affecting mainly children. Transmission occurs by droplet infection.

The type (and only) species of RUBIVIRUS causing acute infection in humans, primarily children and young adults. Humans are the only natural host. A live, attenuated vaccine is available for prophylaxis.

Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.

A CELL LINE derived from the kidney of the African green (vervet) monkey, (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) used primarily in virus replication studies and plaque assays.

Notification or reporting by a physician or other health care provider of the occurrence of specified contagious diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV infections to designated public health agencies. The United States system of reporting notifiable diseases evolved from the Quarantine Act of 1878, which authorized the US Public Health Service to collect morbidity data on cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever; each state in the US has its own list of notifiable diseases and depends largely on reporting by the individual health care provider. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

A republic in western Africa, south of SENEGAL and west of GUINEA. Its capital is Bissau.

Proteins, usually glycoproteins, found in the viral envelopes of a variety of viruses. They promote cell membrane fusion and thereby may function in the uptake of the virus by cells.

WHO regional office for the Americas acting as a coordinating agency for the improvement of health conditions in the hemisphere. The four main functions are: control or eradication of communicable diseases, strengthening of national and local health services, education and training, and research.

The general name for NORTH AMERICA; CENTRAL AMERICA; and SOUTH AMERICA unspecified or combined.

A republic in western Africa, north of NIGERIA and west of CHAD. Its capital is Niamey.

Aspects of health and disease related to travel.

A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing distemper in dogs, wolves, foxes, raccoons, and ferrets. Pinnipeds have also been known to contract Canine distemper virus from contact with domestic dogs.

A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.

Two or more vaccines in a single dosage form.

Termination of all transmission of infection by global extermination of the infectious agent through surveillance and containment (From Porta, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 5th ed).

Proteins conjugated with nucleic acids.

The concept pertaining to the health status of inhabitants of the world.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

Transplacental infection of the fetus with rubella usually in the first trimester of pregnancy, as a consequence of maternal infection, resulting in various developmental abnormalities in the newborn infant. They include cardiac and ocular lesions, deafness, microcephaly, mental retardation, and generalized growth retardation. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Role of schools in the transmission of measles in rural Senegal: implications for measles control in developing countries. (1/1521)

Patterns of measles transmission at school and at home were studied in 1995 in a rural area of Senegal with a high level of vaccination coverage. Among 209 case children with a median age of 8 years, there were no deaths, although the case fatality ratio has previously been 6-7% in this area. Forty percent of the case children had been vaccinated against measles; the proportion of vaccinated children was higher among secondary cases (47%) than among index cases (33%) (prevalence ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.76). Vaccinated index cases may have been less infectious than unvaccinated index cases, since they produced fewer clinical cases among exposed children (relative risk = 0.55, 95% CI 0.29-1.04). The secondary attack rate was lower in the schools than in the homes (relative risk = 0.31, 95% CI 0.20-0.49). The school outbreaks were protracted, with 4-5 generations of cases being seen in the two larger schools. Vaccine efficacy was found to be 57% (95% CI -23 to 85) in the schools and 74% (95% CI 62-82) in the residential compounds. Measles infection resulted in a mean of 3.8 days of absenteeism per case, though this did not appear to have an impact on the children's grades. Among the index cases, 56% of children were probably infected by neighbors in the community, and 7% were probably infected at health centers, 13% outside the community, and 24% in one of the three schools which had outbreaks during the epidemic. However, most of the school-related cases occurred at the beginning and therefore contributed to the general propagation of the epidemic. To prevent school outbreaks, it may be necessary to require vaccination prior to school entry and to revaccinate children in individual schools upon detection of cases of measles. Multidose measles vaccination schedules will be necessary to control measles in developing countries. (+info)

I(2/1521)

nvited commentary: vaccine failure or failure to vaccinate? (+info)

W(3/1521)

aning of vaccine-induced immunity: is it a problem in Africa? (+info)

Seroepidemiological evaluation of 1989-91 mass vaccination campaigns against measles, in Italy. (4/1521)

In 1989-91 anti-measles vaccination campaigns were conducted in several Italian regions to vaccinate all children aged between 13 months and 10-12 years without a history of measles or measles vaccination. This study was conducted to evaluate serological status after the mass vaccination campaigns. In 1994, capillary blood samples were collected from randomly selected children, aged 2-14 years, living in 13 local health units. Antibody titres were determined by ELISA. Blood spot samples were analysed for 4114 (75.6%) of 5440 selected children. Among the 835 that reported measles before 1990, 806 (96.5%) were immune and of the 2798 vaccinated, 2665 (95.2%) were immune. The Edmoston-Zagreb (E-Z) strain vaccine was associated with a lower level of immunity than the Schwarz (SW) strain. A history of measles identified almost all immune children. Vaccination with the SW strain conferred persistent immunity (at least 5 years) in 98% of vaccinees. The strategy was able to unite natural and induced immunity. (+info)

Characterization of a new genotype of measles virus detected in China and England. (5/1521)

We report the co-circulation of a new lineage of measles virus (MV) and an Edmonston-like (Ed-like) genotype of MV in China during 1995-7. Sequence analysis of 25 strains was performed on a 282 nucleotides (nt) region of the nucleoprotein (N) gene, a 450-nt region of the haemagglutinin (H) gene and a 152-nt region of the matrix (M) gene by direct sequencing of RT-PCR amplicons obtained from clinical specimens. The entire H gene was sequenced from two strains. The results showed that 24/25 Chinese strains belonged to a new genogroup and were distinct from the vaccine strains used in China and the UK, and also from MV strains previously described in Europe, Africa and the USA. The remaining strain was Ed-like. Two strains of the new genotype (IV) and one of the Ed-like genotype were also detected in the UK in 1996. (+info)

Measles eradication: experience in the Americas. (6/1521)

In 1994, the Ministers of Health from the Region of the Americas targeted measles for eradication from the Western Hemisphere by the year 2000. To achieve this goal, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) developed an enhanced measles eradication strategy. First, a one-time-only "catch-up" measles vaccination campaign is conducted among children aged 9 months to 14 years. Efforts are then made to vaccinate through routine health services ("keep-up") at least 95% of each newborn cohort at 12 months of age. Finally, to assure high population immunity among preschool-aged children, indiscriminate "follow-up" measles vaccination campaigns are conducted approximately every 4 years. These vaccination activities are accompanied by improvements in measles surveillance, including the laboratory testing of suspected measles cases. The implementation of the PAHO strategy has resulted in a marked reduction in measles incidence in all countries of the Americas. Indeed, in 1996 the all-time regional record low of 2109 measles cases was reported. There was a relative resurgence of measles in 1997 with over 20,000 cases, due to a large measles outbreak among infants, preschool-aged children and young adults in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Contributing factors for this outbreak included: low routine infant vaccination coverage, failure to conduct a "follow-up" campaign, presence of susceptible young adults, and the importation of measles virus, apparently from Europe. PAHO's strategy has been effective in interrupting measles virus circulation. This experience demonstrates that global measles eradication is an achievable goal using currently available measles vaccines. (+info)

Candidate viral diseases for elimination or eradication. (7/1521)

This article discusses the possibilities for elimination or eradication of four viral diseases--measles, hepatitis B, rubella and yellow fever. (+info)

Bacterial pneumonia as a suprainfection in young adults with measles. (8/1521)

The aim of this study was to report the clinical and laboratory characteristics of bacterial pneumonia related to measles infection, and also to assess any correlation between severity and time of onset. Four hundred and twenty-four previously healthy young males (age 22+/-2.1 yrs) were hospitalized with typical symptoms and signs of measles. One hundred and twelve (26%) developed bacterial pneumonia on admission (n=41), during their hospital stay (n=20) or days after their discharge (n=51): groups A, B and C, respectively. Single lobar consolidation was the most common finding, accounting for 89% of cases. Pleural effusion was uncommon and associated in half of the cases with empyema. A microbiological diagnosis was made in 81 cases. Streptococcus pneumoniae (65 cases) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9 cases) were the most commonly identified organisms. Patients from group C had significantly higher values of white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and lower values of arterial oxygen tension (14+/-0.8 x 10(9) x L(-1), 88+/-4 mm and 6.3+/-0.4 kPa (47+/-3 mmHg), respectively) than the other two groups. There were no deaths during the hospitalization period. The mean duration of hospital stay was 13+/-2.4 days and was longer in the presence of K. pneumoniae infection (19+/-1.6 days). Six patients from group C were admitted to the intensive care unit. In conclusion, these data suggest that bacterial pneumonia associated with measles is not unusual in hospitalized adults, and it seems to be more severe when it occurs days after the onset of rash. (+info)

Measles is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus. It is characterized by a fever, cough, runny nose, and a distinctive red rash that spreads from the head to the rest of the body. Measles can also cause complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and blindness. It is primarily spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Measles is preventable through vaccination, which is recommended for all children.

Measles vaccine is a vaccine that is used to prevent measles, a highly contagious viral infection that can cause serious health complications, particularly in young children. The vaccine is made from a weakened form of the measles virus and is typically given as a shot in the arm or thigh. The measles vaccine is an important tool in preventing the spread of measles and reducing the number of cases of the disease worldwide. It is typically given to children as part of a routine vaccination schedule, usually between the ages of 12 and 15 months, and again between the ages of 4 and 6 years. The measles vaccine is highly effective in preventing measles, with a success rate of over 95%. However, it is important to note that the vaccine does not provide 100% protection against the disease, and there is a small risk of side effects, such as fever, soreness at the injection site, and mild rash. Overall, the measles vaccine is an important tool in preventing the spread of this highly contagious and potentially serious viral infection, and is an important part of public health efforts to protect the health and well-being of individuals and communities around the world.

The Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine is a combination vaccine that protects against three viral diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella. The vaccine is typically given to children between the ages of 12 months and 18 months, with a second dose given between the ages of 4 and 6 years. The MMR vaccine is an effective way to prevent these diseases, which can cause serious health problems, including pneumonia, brain inflammation, and even death. The vaccine is safe and has been widely used for many years, with a proven track record of preventing the spread of these diseases.

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare and progressive neurological disorder caused by the measles virus. It typically occurs several years after a person has had measles, and the symptoms can take several months to appear. The disease is characterized by a slow and progressive decline in mental and physical abilities, including memory loss, confusion, seizures, and muscle weakness. As the disease progresses, the symptoms become more severe and can lead to coma and death. There is no cure for SSPE, and treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and providing supportive care. The disease is preventable through vaccination against measles, which is highly effective in preventing SSPE and other complications of measles.

CD46 is a protein found on the surface of many different types of cells in the body, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. It is a member of the complement regulatory protein family and plays a role in regulating the immune system's response to infections and other stimuli. Antigens, CD46 refers to molecules that bind to the CD46 protein on the surface of cells. These antigens can be recognized by the immune system as foreign and trigger an immune response. In some cases, the immune system may mistakenly attack cells that express CD46, leading to autoimmune diseases such as lupus or Goodpasture's syndrome. CD46 is also a target for certain viruses, such as measles virus, which uses it to enter and infect cells. Vaccines against measles virus often contain a small amount of inactivated or weakened measles virus that binds to CD46 on cells, triggering an immune response without causing the disease. Overall, CD46 plays an important role in regulating the immune system and is a target for both the immune system and certain viruses.

Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus. It is a highly contagious disease that primarily affects children and young adults, although it can occur in people of all ages. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. The symptoms of mumps typically include fever, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, and loss of appetite. The most distinctive sign of mumps is swelling of the salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands, which are located in front of the ears. This swelling can cause pain and difficulty swallowing, and may also lead to other complications such as meningitis, encephalitis, and hearing loss. Mumps is usually treated with rest, fluids, and over-the-counter pain relievers. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary. There is no specific antiviral treatment for mumps, but vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease. The mumps vaccine is typically given as part of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, which is recommended for children at 12-15 months of age and again at 4-6 years of age.

Antibodies, viral, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to a viral infection. They are also known as immunoglobulins or antibodies. Viral antibodies are specific to a particular virus and can help to neutralize and eliminate the virus from the body. They are typically detected in the blood or other bodily fluids using laboratory tests, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) or immunofluorescence assays. The presence of viral antibodies can be used as a diagnostic tool to confirm a viral infection or to determine the immune status of an individual.

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a viral infection caused by the rubella virus. It is a highly contagious disease that spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Rubella is primarily spread to pregnant women, who can then transmit the virus to their developing fetus, leading to serious birth defects. The symptoms of rubella typically include a high fever, headache, fatigue, and a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. In severe cases, rubella can cause pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death. Rubella is preventable through vaccination. The rubella vaccine is typically given as part of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, which is recommended for all children. In addition, pregnant women who have not been vaccinated should receive the rubella vaccine to protect their developing fetus.

Mumps vaccine is a vaccine that is used to prevent mumps, a viral infection that causes inflammation of the salivary glands. The vaccine is typically given to children between the ages of 12 and 18 months, although it can also be given to adults who have not been previously vaccinated. The vaccine is usually given as a shot in the arm or leg, and it is usually given in combination with other vaccines, such as measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The mumps vaccine is highly effective at preventing mumps, and it is an important tool in controlling the spread of this disease.

Hemagglutinins, viral are a type of protein found on the surface of certain viruses, such as influenza viruses. These proteins have the ability to bind to and agglutinate (clump together) red blood cells, which is why they are called hemagglutinins. This property is important for the virus to infect host cells, as it allows the virus to attach to and enter the cells. Hemagglutinins are also used as diagnostic tools in the laboratory to detect the presence of certain viruses.

The Rubella Vaccine is a vaccine that is used to prevent rubella, also known as German measles. It is a live-attenuated vaccine that contains a weakened form of the rubella virus. The vaccine is typically given to children between the ages of 12 and 15 months, and then again between the ages of 4 and 6 years. The Rubella Vaccine is an effective way to prevent the spread of rubella, which can cause serious complications, particularly in pregnant women. Rubella can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, and birth defects in babies if the mother contracts the virus during pregnancy. The vaccine is also effective in preventing the spread of rubella to those who are immune-compromised or who have not been vaccinated. It is important to note that the Rubella Vaccine is not a cure for rubella, but rather a preventative measure to protect against the virus. It is recommended that individuals who have not been vaccinated receive the vaccine to prevent the spread of rubella and protect themselves and others.

Viral fusion proteins are a class of proteins that are expressed on the surface of enveloped viruses, such as influenza, HIV, and Ebola. These proteins play a critical role in the viral life cycle by facilitating the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter the cell and initiate infection. Viral fusion proteins are typically composed of two subunits, a highly conserved heptad repeat region (HR) and a variable ectodomain. The HR region is responsible for mediating the interaction between the viral and host cell membranes, while the ectodomain is responsible for recognizing and binding to specific receptors on the host cell surface. The process of viral fusion involves the conformational change of the viral fusion protein, which leads to the formation of a six-helix bundle structure that brings the viral and host cell membranes into close proximity. This allows the viral envelope to fuse with the host cell membrane, creating a pore through which the viral genome can enter the cell. Viral fusion proteins are a target for antiviral drugs, as they are essential for viral entry and infection. Inhibitors of viral fusion proteins can prevent the virus from entering the cell and can be effective in treating a wide range of viral infections.

In the medical field, the term "Americas" typically refers to the region that includes North and South America. This region is home to a diverse range of populations, cultures, and languages, and is known for its vast natural resources, economic power, and rich history. The medical field in the Americas is highly developed and includes a wide range of specialties and subspecialties. Some of the most common medical conditions and diseases that are prevalent in the region include cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, and cancer. The medical field in the Americas is also known for its advances in medical research and technology, including the development of new treatments and therapies for a variety of diseases and conditions. Many of the world's leading medical institutions and research centers are located in the Americas, and the region is home to a large number of highly skilled medical professionals and researchers.

Cercopithecus aethiops, commonly known as the vervet monkey, is a species of Old World monkey that is native to Africa. In the medical field, Cercopithecus aethiops is often used in research studies as a model organism to study a variety of diseases and conditions, including infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer. This is because vervet monkeys share many genetic and physiological similarities with humans, making them useful for studying human health and disease.

In the medical field, "Vaccines, Combined" refers to vaccines that contain multiple antigens or components of different infectious agents in a single dose. These vaccines are designed to provide protection against multiple diseases with a single injection, which can simplify vaccination schedules and reduce the number of visits to healthcare facilities. Examples of combined vaccines include the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine, the DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) vaccine, and the HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine. These vaccines contain antigens from different viruses or bacteria that are combined in a single formulation to provide comprehensive protection against multiple diseases. Combined vaccines are an important tool in public health efforts to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and protect individuals and communities from illness and disability. They are typically administered to infants, children, and adolescents, and are an essential part of routine vaccination schedules recommended by healthcare providers.

Nucleoproteins are complex molecules that consist of a protein and a nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA. In the medical field, nucleoproteins play important roles in various biological processes, including gene expression, DNA replication, and DNA repair. One example of a nucleoprotein is histone, which is a protein that helps package DNA into a compact structure called chromatin. Histones are important for regulating gene expression, as they can affect the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. Another example of a nucleoprotein is ribonucleoprotein (RNP), which is a complex molecule that consists of RNA and one or more proteins. RNPs play important roles in various cellular processes, including mRNA processing, translation, and RNA interference. In the context of viral infections, nucleoproteins are often found in viral particles and play important roles in viral replication and pathogenesis. For example, the nucleoprotein of influenza virus is involved in the packaging of viral RNA into viral particles, while the nucleoprotein of HIV is involved in the regulation of viral gene expression. Overall, nucleoproteins are important molecules in the medical field, and their study can provide insights into various biological processes and diseases.

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is a type of antibody that is produced by B cells in response to an infection or foreign substance. It is the first antibody to be produced during an immune response and is present in the blood and other body fluids in relatively low concentrations. IgM antibodies are large, Y-shaped molecules that can bind to multiple antigens at once, making them highly effective at neutralizing pathogens and marking them for destruction by other immune cells. They are also able to activate the complement system, a series of proteins that can directly destroy pathogens or mark them for destruction by immune cells. IgM antibodies are often used as a diagnostic tool in medical testing, as they are typically the first antibodies to be produced in response to a new infection. They can also be used to monitor the effectiveness of vaccines and to detect the presence of certain diseases, such as viral or bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer.

Rubella Syndrome, Congenital, also known as Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS), is a group of birth defects that can occur in a fetus when the mother is infected with the rubella virus during pregnancy. The virus can pass from the mother to the fetus through the placenta, and the severity of the symptoms can vary depending on the timing of the infection during pregnancy. The most common symptoms of CRS include hearing loss, heart defects, vision problems, and intellectual disabilities. Other symptoms may include cataracts, deafness, and developmental delays. In severe cases, CRS can lead to stillbirth or death in the newborn. Prevention of CRS is through vaccination against rubella, which is typically given to children as part of the routine childhood vaccination schedule. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should also be vaccinated to protect their unborn child. If a woman is exposed to rubella during pregnancy, she should be tested for the virus and receive appropriate medical care to manage the infection and reduce the risk of CRS.

... measles vaccine, how measles spreads, measles in the U.S., and virus classification. ... Get answers to questions about protecting against measles, ... Measles vaccine. How effective is the measles vaccine? The ... Measles virus classification. What is wild-type measles virus? When someone who is not immune gets measles, wild-type measles ... Measles cases and statistics in the U.S.. How common was measles in the United States before the vaccine? Before the measles ...

https://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/faqs.html

An unvaccinated, young, female patient with measles confirmed by direct epidemiologic link was hospitalized on day 5 after rash ... Measles virus (MeV) is known to be highly contagious, with an infectious period lasting from 4 days before to 4 days after rash ... Investigation of optimal specimen type and sampling time for detection of measles virus RNA during a measles epidemic. Riddell ... Comparison of laboratory diagnostic methods for measles infection and identification of measles virus genotypes in Hong Kong. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26386428/

Measles or rubeola is an infectious disease caused by a virus. It spreads easily person to person, causes red blotchy rash ... Measles (Rubeola) (VisualDX) * Photos of Measles and People with Measles (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in ... Sometimes measles can lead to serious problems. There is no treatment for measles, but the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine ... Measles (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish * Questions about Measles (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in ...

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/measles.html

... the risk for measles infection increases, especially among the unvaccinated. ... Isnt measles eliminated in this country?. Yes, for now, but measles can be just a plane ride away. The New York City and New ... Do measles outbreaks still happen in the United States?. Measles continues to be brought into the United States by travelers, ... All measles cases in the United States originate from international travel. Your patients are at risk for measles infection if ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/958987

https://medlineplus.gov/measles.html

The global goal for measles control is reducing measles mortality by 90% in 2010 in comparison to 2000. Nevertheless, the ... Measles.. dc.contributor.advisor. World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia. ... HLP Agenda item 8 - Measles.pdf. Tamaño:. 104.7Kb. Formato:. PDF. Descripción:. (‎HLP)‎ Meeting Document. ... The African Region has set a pre-elimination goal of reducing measles mortality by 98% in 2012 compared to 2000 estimates. In ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/127759?locale-attribute=es&show=full

Measles, also known as rubeola, is one of the most contagious infectious diseases, with at least a 90% secondary infection rate ... Measles vaccines and the potential for worldwide eradication of measles. Pediatrics. 2004. 114(4):1065-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Measles outbreaks and progress toward measles preelimination --- African region, 2009-2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Apr ... The assumed pathogenesis of atypical measles is hypersensitivity to measles virus in a partially immune host. Laboratory tests ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/966220-differential

Since the measles vaccine became available in 1963, there has been a more than 99% decline in the number of measles cases in ... Measles is caused by the measles virus which is spread easily through the air when an infected person sneezes or coughs and ... Prior to the approval of the measles vaccine, measles epidemics usually took place during the late winter and spring. The most ... Measles was once a common disease among preschool and school-aged children and almost an expected part of growing up. This is ...

https://healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/vaccine-preventable-diseases/Pages/Measles.aspx

... or a significant rise in measles IgG level by any standard serologic assay; isolation of measles virus; or detection of measles ... Measles was declared eliminated (defined as the absence of endemic measles virus transmission in a defined geographic area for ... Measles is a nationally notifiable disease. Laboratory criteria for diagnosis include a positive serologic test for measles- ... Measles vaccine contains live, attenuated measles virus, which in the United States is available only in combination ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2018/infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/measles-rubeola

Measles vaccine is available in monovalent (measles only) form and in combinations: measles-rubella (MR) and measles-mumps- ... 1) Physician-diagnosed measles,. (2) Laboratory evidence of measles immunity, or. (3) Adequate immunization with live measles ... MEASLES VIRUS VACCINE. VACCINE USAGE. SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS. PRECAUTIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS. MEASLES ... Measles mortality. Analysis of the primary cause of death. Am J Dis Child 1975;129:307-9.. CDC. School exclusion in two measles ...

https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/p0000200/p0000200.asp

The global goal for measles control is reducing measles mortality by 90% in 2010 in comparison to 2000. Nevertheless, the ... The African Region has set a pre-elimination goal of reducing measles mortality by 98% in 2012 compared to 2000 estimates. In ... of a regional measles elimination goal.This paper presents an update on the progress in achieving the goal of measles mortality ... the strategies for measles elimination and all Member States except India have reached an advanced stage of measles mortality ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/127759?locale-attribute=zh&

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/127759?locale-attribute=ru&

LBXME - Measles. Variable Name: LBXME. SAS Label: Measles. English Text: Measles. Target: Both males and females 6 YEARS - 49 ... Measles Measles is a highly infectious disease targeted for elimination in the United States by the year 1996. The elimination ... The U.S. measles elimination goal for 1996 came at a time when measles elimination was being considered as an achievable goal ... The benefit from a study of measles seroprevalence will be to document age-specific immunity that is found following measles ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/1999-2000/LAB19.htm

... measles - Sharing our stories on preparing for and responding to public health events ... Measles in Read More ,. Posted on December 2, 2015. by Blog Administrator4 Comments. Categories Disease Investigation, Disease ... Year in Review: Measles Linked to Disneyland. Throughout the month of December, Public Health Matters is conducting a series of ...

https://blogs.cdc.gov/publichealthmatters/tag/measles/

For measles, the goal is to develop safe, new measles vaccines that are highly efficacious when administered in early infancy ... Relevant projects for measles will address one or more of the following issues: o Determination of which measles antigens are ... Measles This program announcement is intended to stimulate innovative research on measles, with a strong emphasis on studies to ... In developing countries, measles continues to be a deadly disease claiming over one and a half million lives each year. In ...

https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-96-061.html

Enable Javascript support in the browser ...

https://www2a.cdc.gov/nip/isd/ycts/mod1/courses/mmr/

Scientists developed a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine by adding a key coronavirus gene to the measles vaccine. ... The measles vaccine has already been established as safe, effective, and long-lasting. Several experimental measles-based ... providing long-term protection against the measles virus. The vaccine uses a live but weakened strain of the measles virus. ... Measles vaccine used as base for experimental COVID vaccine At a Glance. *Scientists developed a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine by adding a ...

https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/measles-vaccine-used-base-experimental-covid-vaccine

The good news is that measles can be prevented by getting a vaccine. ... Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus. It can be especially dangerous to children under 5 years old. ... Measles: Preventable with Vaccines. En españolSend us your comments. Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus. ... The best way to protect against measles is to get the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (the MMR shot). Doctors recommend that all ...

https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2015/03/measles-preventable-vaccines

Measles (rubeola) is extremely contagious; one person infected by measles can infect 9 out of 10 of their unvaccinated close ... Most of these cases were among children who had not received measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. To prevent measles infection ... Interim Measles Infection Prevention Recommendations in Healthcare Settings , CDC. *Measles - Vaccine Preventable Diseases ... Declines in measles vaccination rates globally during the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the risk of larger measles outbreaks ...

https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00493.asp

While vaccination has drastically reduced global measles deaths - a 73% drop between 2000 and 2018 worldwide - measles is still ... Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It remains an important cause of death among young children globally, despite the ... The strategy for measles elimination in the Eastern Mediterranean Region is based on:. *achieving and maintaining high ... Among the 22 countries (except Somalia) that provide a routine second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2), coverage with ...

https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/measles/index.html?format=html

Measles. As early as the ninth century, a Persian doctor wrote about measles. In 1757, Dr. Francis Home, a Scottish doctor, ... Measles research at the NIH was in the Laboratory of Virology and Rickettsiology in Building 29, but the entire lab moved to ... The measles vaccine is usually combined with the mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR) and sometimes with the varicella vaccine ( ... Measles became a nationally notifiable disease in the United States in 1912, requiring doctors and laboratories to report all ...

https://history.nih.gov/display/history/Measles

... can effectively fight the measles virus and be used as an approach to developing new antiviral drugs to treat the serious ... Targeting specific areas of the measles virus polymerase, a protein complex that copies the viral genome, ... Targeting specific areas of the measles virus polymerase, a protein complex that copies the viral genome, can effectively fight ... Researchers identify key areas of measles virus polymerase to target for antiviral drug development ...

https://www.nei.nih.gov/about/news-and-events/news/researchers-identify-key-areas-measles-virus-polymerase-target-antiviral-drug-development

How much do you know about the measles? Test yourself with our short quiz. ... With an outbreak of measles spreading across 14 states, questions about prevention and treatment are increasingly common. ... Because IgM may not be detectable during the first 2 days of rash, obtain blood for measles-specific IgM on the third day of ... The measles virus sandwich-capture immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody assay, offered through many local health departments and ...

https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/839440_5

Ongoing Measles Outbreak in Orthodox Jewish Community, London, UK Cite CITE. Title : Ongoing Measles Outbreak in Orthodox ... Measles prevention : recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee Cite CITE. Title : Measles prevention : ... Title : Measles outbreak in Rhode Island. Personal Author(s) : Faich, Geralc A.;Bernier, Roger;McCord, Ronald; Published Date ... These revised recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) on measles prevention update the previous ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/65769

... do not affect the safety of breastfeeding for mothers or infants and that breastfeeding is not a contraindication to measles, ... Measles specific immunoglobulin G response in children aged 4-12 year who received two doses of measles containing vaccine in ... Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine (ProQuad): a guide to its use in children in the E.U. Scott LJ. Scott LJ. ... Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Vaccine No authors listed In: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30000747

... countries that had also eliminated the disease are experiencing concerning outbreaks of measles because of declines in measles ... measles was declared to be eliminated in the United States, when no sustained transmission of the virus was seen in this ... Today, measles still causes more than 100,000 deaths globally each year. Measles can be prevented with a vaccine that is both ... This can have disastrous consequences with measles. The authors describe a case in which a single child with measles infected ...

https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/decline-measles-vaccination-causing-preventable-global-resurgence-disease

Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the mucus of the nose and throat of an infected person. Learn the symptoms ... Measles: symptoms and signs. Learn more about what the measles virus is and how measles spreads ... What is measles?. Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the mucus of the nose and throat of an infected person. ... Measles can be serious and lead to complications *About 1 in 5 people in the U.S. who get measles are hospitalized. ...

https://www.merck.com/stories/what-you-need-to-know-about-measles/

Measles cases in Europe are soaring, with four countries losing their elimination status due to outbreaks, according to the ... Close to 365,000 measles cases have been reported worldwide this year, the WHO said, almost three times as many as in the first ... Measles cases in Europe are soaring, with four countries losing their elimination status due to outbreaks, according to the ... Measles is a potentially fatal illness that causes coughing, rashes, and fever, but it is easily preventable with vaccination. ...

https://www.rferl.org/a/europe-loses-ground-on-measles-eradication-efforts/30136539.html

If you do not have written documentation of measles immunity, you should get vaccinated with measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. (cdc.gov)
There is no harm in getting another dose of MMR vaccine if you may already be immune to measles (or mumps or rubella). (cdc.gov)
Yes, people who know they got the killed measles vaccine (an earlier formulation of measles vaccine that is no longer used) should talk to their healthcare provider about getting revaccinated with the current, live measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. (cdc.gov)
There is no treatment for measles, but the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine can prevent it. (nih.gov)
German measles", also known as rubella , is a completely different illness. (nih.gov)
In addition, if you see patients coming to the US from measles-endemic countries such as Afghanistan, Somalia, or the Democratic Republic of Congo, assess their vaccination history and offer recommended vaccines, including MMR for measles, mumps, and rubella, and IPV for polio. (medscape.com)
Elimination of Endemic Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome From the Western Hemisphere: The US Experience. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, observational studies in travel clinics in the United States have shown that 59% of pediatric and 53% of adult travelers eligible for measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine at the time of pretravel consultation were not vaccinated at the visit, highlighting a missed opportunity to reduce the likelihood of measles introductions and subsequent spread. (cdc.gov)
Measles vaccine is available in monovalent (measles only) form and in combinations: measles-rubella (MR) and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines. (cdc.gov)
In all situations where measles vaccine is to be used, a combination vaccine should be given if recipients are likely to be susceptible to rubella and/or mumps as well as to measles. (cdc.gov)
A single rubella vaccination, usually given as measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, is thought to confer lifelong immunity. (cdc.gov)
The best way to protect against measles is to get the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (the MMR shot). (nih.gov)
Most of these cases were among children who had not received measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. (cdc.gov)
The measles vaccine is usually combined with the mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR) and sometimes with the varicella vaccine (MMRV). (nih.gov)
M-M-R II is a vaccine indicated for active immunization for the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella in individuals 12 months of age and older. (fda.gov)
Though the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all children and required by many states , anti-vaxxers have protested it due to since-discredited claims that vaccines can cause autism . (theverge.com)
In 1968, a more effective vaccine was developed by Maurice Hilleman and colleagues, and this is the same measles vaccine (combined with a mumps and rubella vaccine) used in the U.S. today. (npr.org)
We urge everyone to check to make sure they and their family members are up-to-date on measles/mumps/rubella (MMR) vaccine and all other age-appropriate immunizations. (nj.gov)
Co-sponsored by Sen. Ben Allen of Redondo Beach , SB 277 was supposed to eliminate all measles outbreaks, or so we were told, like the one that occurred at Disneyland back in 2014 , which Pan blamed on children who hadn't been vaccinated with Merck & Co.'s MMR vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella. (naturalnews.com)
We now know that Merck has been falsifying vaccine safety and efficacy data for a very long time, publishing fake research data about the MMR vaccine, in particular suggesting that it provides some protection against measles, mumps and rubella, without causing harmful side effects. (naturalnews.com)
If you're wondering why so many people who were vaccinated against measles, mumps and rubella are now being infected with the measles, you have to remember that Merck faked its MMR vaccine efficacy data by spiking human blood samples with animal antibodies, according to two former Merck employees who say they were ordered by Merck management to carry out the massive science fraud," warns Mike Adams, the Health Ranger. (naturalnews.com)
The MMR vaccine protects against measles , mumps , and rubella (German measles) . (kidshealth.org)
Measles, mumps, and rubella are infections that can lead to serious illness. (kidshealth.org)
2012). Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children. (peacehealth.org)
In Canada, one new case of measles and no new cases of rubella were reported in week 10, 2022. (canada.ca)
Currently, there is one active Footnote 1 case of measles and no active Footnote 1 cases of rubella in Canada. (canada.ca)
Canadians travelling outside of Canada are encouraged to consult the travel health notices for information on measles and rubella outbreaks occurring in other countries. (canada.ca)
Figure 1: Number of cases of measles (n=1), rubella (n=0), and congenital rubella syndrome/infection (n=0) Footnote 3 by week of rash onset, as reported to the Canadian Measles/Rubella Surveillance System (CMRSS) and Measles and Rubella Surveillance System (MARS), for the period ending March 12, 2022. (canada.ca)
German measles is a mild infectious illness caused by the rubella virus, which is why it is sometimes called rubella. (homehealth-uk.com)

The last case of measles that developed in the Americas was in 2002. (theverge.com)
The Arizona Department of Health Services reported a case of measles in a 12-month-old on March 8 and has not reported additional cases since then. (fox40.com)
The New Jersey Department of Health is warning residents about a confirmed case of measles in a New York City resident who potentially exposed individuals in Middlesex and Ocean counties on April 22 and 23. (nj.gov)
And in the case of measles, anyway, the MMR vaccine, which has repeatedly been shown to cause autism , doesn't even work as claimed at preventing measles. (naturalnews.com)
OKMULGEE, Okla. (AP) - Health officials in Oklahoma says the state has its first confirmed case of measles in the past 12 months. (kswo.com)
Oklahoma last had a confirmed case of measles in May 2018. (kswo.com)
This is the first confirmed case of measles reported in Canada in 2022. (canada.ca)

Death, predominantly from respiratory and neurologic causes, occurs in 1 of every 3,000 reported measles cases. (cdc.gov)
Large and disruptive outbreaks (≥20 reported measles cases per million population during a 12-month period) have been reported in the European, African, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific, and Southeast Asian regions during 2023. (cdc.gov)

Measles virus (MeV) is known to be highly contagious, with an infectious period lasting from 4 days before to 4 days after rash onset. (nih.gov)
It's so contagious that if one person has it, 90% of those around him or her will also become infected unless they're protected by a vaccine or "natural immunity" from a previous measles infection. (nih.gov)
Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that typically begins with a prodrome of fever, cough, coryza (runny nose), and conjunctivitis (pink eye), lasting 2-4 days prior to rash onset. (cdc.gov)
Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the mucus of the nose and throat of an infected person. (merck.com)
How long is measles contagious for? (merck.com)
Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable respiratory illness characterized by a rash of flat red spots. (fox40.com)
Measles is one of the most contagious infectious diseases, which means that you need more than 93% immunity to protect a population," says Adalja. (npr.org)
Measles is a highly contagious disease that causes foot rashes, itching, red and weepy eyes, coughing, high fever and muscle pain. (ticotimes.net)
Measles is a very contagious (easily spread) infection that causes a rash all over your body. (peacehealth.org)
How contagious is German measles? (homehealth-uk.com)
German measles is contagious and will require an incubation period of 14-21 days. (homehealth-uk.com)
German measles is most contagious before the rash appears and then for about 5 days afterwards. (homehealth-uk.com)

Measles (rubeola) is often a severe disease, frequently complicated by middle ear infection or bronchopneumonia. (cdc.gov)
What is measles (rubeola)? (peacehealth.org)
How is measles (rubeola) treated? (peacehealth.org)

Because vaccines are so effective, many vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles, no longer seem like a threat, and some parents may not realize just how dangerous these diseases can be. (medscape.com)
Measles vaccines and the potential for worldwide eradication of measles. (medscape.com)
All vaccines containing measles antigen are recommended for use at about 15 months of age under routine conditions. (cdc.gov)
Full Text PA-96-061 MODERN VACCINES FOR MYCOSES AND MEASLES NIH GUIDE, Volume 25, Number 20, June 21, 1996 PA NUMBER: PA-96-061 P.T. 34 Keywords: Vaccine Fungal Diseases+ Viral Studies (Virology) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases PURPOSE The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) gives special consideration for funding to scientifically meritorious applications in response to Program Announcements. (nih.gov)
For measles, the goal is to develop safe, new measles vaccines that are highly efficacious when administered in early infancy and that will aid in the control and eventual eradication of measles. (nih.gov)
This program announcement, Modern Vaccines for Mycoses and Measles, is related to priority area of immunization-infectious diseases. (nih.gov)
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE Background The purpose of this initiative is to advance the development of new vaccines in two specific areas: the mycoses and measles. (nih.gov)
The measles vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines. (nih.gov)
They developed the vaccines by inserting genes for different forms of the coronavirus spike protein into the measles vaccine genome. (nih.gov)
Several experimental measles-based vaccines against other viruses are now being tested in clinical trials. (nih.gov)
Thanks to vaccines, measles was completely eliminated from the U.S. 15 years ago. (nih.gov)
The Americas are now free of measles and we have vaccines to thank, the Pan American Health Organization said earlier this week. (theverge.com)

Humans are the only natural host for sustaining measles virus transmission, which makes global eradication of measles feasible. (cdc.gov)

The vaccine uses a live but weakened strain of the measles virus. (nih.gov)
In 1963, Dr. John Enders and colleagues, who had transformed the Edmonston-B strain of the measles virus to a vaccine, got it licensed in the United States. (nih.gov)

That same year, four European countries (Albania, Czech Republic, Greece, and the United Kingdom) lost their measles elimination status . (medscape.com)
The New York City and New York State outbreaks in 2019 lasted almost a year and threatened the US measles elimination status , which is based on the absence of endemic measles transmission in a defined geographical area (eg, region or country) for ≥ 12 months in the presence of a well-performing surveillance system. (medscape.com)
Nevertheless, the Americas (‎2002)‎, Eastern Mediterranean (‎2010)‎, Europe (‎2012)‎ and Western Pacific regions (‎2012)‎ have set a measles elimination goal. (who.int)
The African Region has set a pre-elimination goal of reducing measles mortality by 98% in 2012 compared to 2000 estimates. (who.int)
In the South-East Asia Region which has a measles morality reduction goal, four Member States are implementing the strategies for measles elimination and all Member States except India have reached an advanced stage of measles mortality reduction.With the success in the Americas and progress in three regions with an elimination goal, there is interest in exploring the feasibility of setting a global measles elimination goal. (who.int)
Accordingly, the 125th Session of the WHO Executive Board directed the WHO Secretariat to submit a report on the "feasibility of global elimination of measles" to the 126th Executive Board in January 2010. (who.int)
In line with this, SEARO will organize a regional consultation from 25-27 August 2009 to consider the feasibility of a regional measles elimination goal.This paper presents an update on the progress in achieving the goal of measles mortality reduction in the Region and important considerations in establishing a measles elimination goal. (who.int)
Measles virus continues to be imported into the country from other parts of the world, however, and recent prolonged outbreaks in the United States resulting from measles virus importations highlight the challenges faced in maintaining measles elimination. (cdc.gov)
These revised ACIP Measles Prevention recommendations represent an update of the previous recommendations (MMWR 1978;27:427-30, 435-7) to include current information about vaccine effectiveness and measles elimination efforts. (cdc.gov)
The U.S. measles elimination goal for 1996 came at a time when measles elimination was being considered as an achievable goal worldwide by the World Health Organization. (cdc.gov)
The benefit from a study of measles seroprevalence will be to document age-specific immunity that is found following measles elimination efforts and to help judge the levels of immunity that are needed to eliminate measles. (cdc.gov)
The global elimination of measles. (cdc.gov)
Measles cases in Europe are soaring, with four countries losing their elimination status due to outbreaks, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). (rferl.org)
Lyn Gilbert, clinical professor in medicine and infectious diseases at The University of Sydney, said measles elimination has stalled recently even in Europe, North America and Australasia, where there are relatively high rates of vaccination. (livescience.com)
Even after a country attains elimination - defined as the absence of the continuous transmission of measles for a year or more - maintenance programs must be relentless, says Robert Linkins, a global measles expert at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. (sciencenews.org)

Venezuela's ongoing health crisis is spilling over into neighboring countries, as a year-long measles epidemic has spread to Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru, almost two years after the Pan American Health Association (PAHO) declared the Americas free of measles. (kff.org)

Do people who got the killed measles vaccine in the 1960s need to be revaccinated with the current, live measles vaccine? (cdc.gov)
Duration of live measles vaccine-induced immunity. (medscape.com)
Live measles virus vaccine* available in the United States is prepared in chick embryo cell culture. (cdc.gov)
At least one of the following is considered evidence of measles immunity for international travelers: 1) birth before 1957, 2) documented administration of two doses of live measles virus vaccine (MMR, MMRV, or other measles-containing vaccine), or 3) laboratory (serologic) proof of immunity or laboratory confirmation of disease. (cdc.gov)

Measles was declared eliminated (defined as the absence of endemic measles virus transmission in a defined geographic area for ≥12 months in the presence of a well-performing surveillance system) from the United States in 2000. (cdc.gov)

If you're unsure whether you're immune to measles, you should first try to find your vaccination records or documentation of measles immunity. (cdc.gov)
Teenagers and adults without evidence of measles immunity should have documentation of two doses of MMR vaccine separated by at least 28 days. (cdc.gov)
It's important to also keep in mind that those who contract diseases like measles naturally obtain permanent, lifelong immunity once the disease subsides, which is what occurred for the 14 percent of unvaccinated people at Disneyland who contracted measles. (naturalnews.com)
The other 86 percent, on the other hand, not only weren't protected against measles, but are now vaccine-damaged to the point where they'll never have permanent immunity to measles, and will likely contract it again and again. (naturalnews.com)

In 2019, the CDC recorded the largest number of measles cases in the US, with over 1200 reported cases. (medscape.com)
Low community vaccination coverage due to low vaccine confidence, high population density, the closed social nature of the affected communities, and repeated introduction of measles from unvaccinated international travelers contributed to the "perfect storm" in the 2019 outbreaks in the US . (medscape.com)
Since 2000, the annual number of people reported to have measles ranged from a low of 37 people in 2004 to a high of 1282 cases in 2019. (medscape.com)
1 MMR dose, according to the 2019 National Immunization Survey-Child ), pockets of unvaccinated people still exist in some communities, creating considerable measles susceptibility at local levels. (medscape.com)
2019 saw the greatest number of measles cases reported in the U.S. since 1992. (merck.com)
There were 1,282 reported cases of measles in the U.S. in 2019. (merck.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported more measles cases in 2019 than in any single year since 1992. (merck.com)
In the first four months of 2019, 179 countries reported 168,193 cases of measles. (sciencenews.org)
Some countries hardest hit by measles in the first three months of 2019 had very few cases the year before, according to provisional WHO data posted May 15, 2019. (sciencenews.org)

Measles is an infectious disease caused by a virus. (nih.gov)
Measles virus can remain infectious in the air and on surfaces for up to 2 hours after an infected person leaves an area. (cdc.gov)
In 1757, Dr. Francis Home, a Scottish doctor, demonstrated that measles is caused by an infectious agent in the blood. (nih.gov)
Targeting specific areas of the measles virus polymerase, a protein complex that copies the viral genome, can effectively fight the measles virus and be used as an approach to developing new antiviral drugs to treat the serious infectious disease, according to a study by the Institute for Biomedical Sciences at Georgia State University published in PLoS Pathogens . (nih.gov)

I am an adult now but only got one dose of measles vaccine as a child. (cdc.gov)
If you were born after 1957 one dose of measles vaccine is sufficient to be considered protected from measles. (cdc.gov)
If you're planning an international trip, the World Health Organization recommends that adults or adolescents unsure of their immune status get a dose of measles vaccine before traveling," Dr. Tan added. (nj.gov)

Your patients are at risk for measles infection if they have not been fully vaccinated. (medscape.com)
Measles remains a usual childhood infection in most parts of the world so this disease is just a plane ride away. (healthychildren.org)
Young children with measles may develop other symptoms, including an ear infection , croup , and diarrhea . (healthychildren.org)
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurologic disorder caused by measles virus that usually presents 5-10 years after recovery from the initial primary measles virus infection. (cdc.gov)
Results of 1 retrospective study in an isolated population suggest that measles infection in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased rate of congenital malformation. (cdc.gov)
Measles vaccine produces a mild or inapparent, non-communicable infection. (cdc.gov)
To prevent measles infection and spread from importation, all U.S. residents should be up to date on their MMR vaccinations, especially prior to international travel regardless of the destination. (cdc.gov)
Measles infection in a pregnant woman can lead to miscarriage, premature birth or a low-birth-weight baby. (nj.gov)
If you have been exposed to measles and you haven't had the vaccine, you may be able to prevent the infection by getting immunoglobulin (IG) or the measles vaccine as soon as possible. (peacehealth.org)
Babies who are younger than 12 months, pregnant people, and people who have impaired immune systems that can't fight infection may need to get IG if they are exposed to measles. (peacehealth.org)

Once a child is exposed to and infected with the measles virus, his first symptoms will not appear for 8 to 12 days (the incubation period). (healthychildren.org)
The incubation period for measles from exposure to fever is usually about 10 days (range 7 to 12 days), and from exposure to rash onset is usually about 14 days (range 7 to 21 days). (cdc.gov)
How long is the measles incubation period? (merck.com)

Via the UN Foundation, one former UN secretary general is calling for the WHO's board to set a target date for global Measles eradication. (undispatch.com)
When the Executive Board of the WHO convenes in Geneva tomorrow, I encourage them to recognize the importance of and fully support setting a measles eradication date. (undispatch.com)
This comes on the heels of key recommendations from two groups who have stated that measles eradication is possible - the first was WHO's own Global Technical Consultation Group in July 2010 who proposed a target date of 2020 and the second was WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization in November 2010. (undispatch.com)

The global goal for measles control is reducing measles mortality by 90% in 2010 in comparison to 2000. (who.int)
Measles was declared eliminated in the U.S. in 2000. (merck.com)
Measles used to be a common childhood disease, but after an effective vaccine was developed, the disease was declared eliminated in the U.S. in 2000. (npr.org)
In 2000, the Pan American Health Organization announced a monumental public health achievement: Widespread vaccination efforts, overseen by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, had effectively eliminated measles from the United States. (npr.org)

With the highly effective, safe measles vaccine now available, the degree of measles control that has been achieved in the United States has depended largely on the effectiveness of the continuing efforts to vaccinate all susceptible persons who can safely be vaccinated. (cdc.gov)
Although there is a safe measles vaccine, which prevents millions of deaths every year, 1 in 7 children in the world do not receive it before their first birthday, leaving them vulnerable. (foreignpolicy.com)

As a result of the hard work of country governments, WHO, UNICEF, NGOs and others, we have made tremendous progress in reducing measles mortality by nearly 80% worldwide. (undispatch.com)

Many countries and popular travel destinations, such as London , England, have experienced measles outbreaks in recent years. (cdc.gov)

An unvaccinated, young, female patient with measles confirmed by direct epidemiologic link was hospitalized on day 5 after rash onset. (nih.gov)
Figure 3: Distribution of measles genotypes detected in 2022 (n=0) by week Footnote † of rash onset. (canada.ca)

Measles has not been completely eliminated as a childhood illness in the United States, but most cases now occur in children who were infected in other parts of the world or were infected by contact with these travelers . (healthychildren.org)
Measles illness during pregnancy increases fetal risk. (cdc.gov)
Measles is a potentially fatal illness that causes coughing, rashes, and fever, but it is easily preventable with vaccination. (rferl.org)
I would just be afraid in case there's an outbreak of measles or childhood illness which could cause children to go blind. (itv.com)
The measles vaccine protects against the illness. (peacehealth.org)

Measles can cause severe health complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and death. (cdc.gov)
Test your knowledge of the complications, workup, and treatment of measles with this quick quiz. (medscape.com)
Does measles cause complications? (merck.com)
Measles can cause serious health complications, including ear infections, diarrhea, pneumonia, and encephalitis (an inflammation of the brain), impacting the daily lives of patients and their caretakers (e.g., can result in lost work time or missed school days). (merck.com)
Approximately 1 to 3 of every 1,000 children who become infected with measles will die from respiratory and neurologic complications. (merck.com)
German measles usually causes no long term complications and once you have had German measles you will not get it again. (homehealth-uk.com)

adult who will be in a setting that poses a high risk for measles transmission, including students at post-high school education institutions, healthcare personnel, and international travelers. (cdc.gov)
Measles continues to be brought into the United States by travelers, mostly unvaccinated US residents who were infected while in other countries. (medscape.com)
Given the large global measles burden and high communicability of the disease, travelers could be exposed to the virus in any country they visit where measles remains endemic or where large outbreaks are occurring. (cdc.gov)
Nearly 90% of imported measles cases are considered preventable by vaccination (i.e., the travelers lacked recommended age- and travel-appropriate vaccination). (cdc.gov)
As the summer travel season begins, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is issuing this Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory to remind clinicians and public health officials to provide guidance for measles prevention to international travelers and to be on alert for cases of measles . (cdc.gov)
In the United States, measles is commonly associated with unvaccinated U.S. travelers returning from other countries where measles is actively circulating. (cdc.gov)
Measles is still common in many parts of the world, and travelers with measles continue to bring the disease to the U.S. Measles can spread rapidly . (merck.com)

The Health Protection Agency asked them to not allow the expected visitors because of an outbreak of measles. (quackometer.net)

The three French people, who were not identified by name, entered Costa Rica on Feb. 18 and traveled the following day to Santa Teresa, where the child presented with symptoms of measles. (ticotimes.net)
The first symptoms of measles are a high fever, a runny nose, sneezing, a sore throat, and a cough. (peacehealth.org)

Measles is a nationally notifiable disease. (cdc.gov)
Measles became a nationally notifiable disease in the United States in 1912, requiring doctors and laboratories to report all diagnosed cases. (nih.gov)

It is worthwhile to be mindful of the syndrome known as atypical measles, which has been described in individuals who were infected with wild measles virus several years after immunization with a killed measles vaccine (a vaccine used in the United States from 1963-1967). (medscape.com)
The assumed pathogenesis of atypical measles is hypersensitivity to measles virus in a partially immune host. (medscape.com)
Further discussion is included of atypical measles syndrome and of revaccination of prior recipients of killed measles virus vaccine. (cdc.gov)

Encephalitis (swelling of the brain) was a possible side effect of measles. (nih.gov)

All measles cases in the United States originate from international travel. (medscape.com)
California Department of Public Health Confirms 59 Cases of Measles. (medscape.com)
Since the measles vaccine became available in 1963, there has been a more than 99% decline in the number of measles cases in the United States. (healthychildren.org)
Most measles cases imported into the United States occur in unvaccinated US residents who become infected while traveling abroad, often to the World Health Organization (WHO)-defined Western Pacific and European regions. (cdc.gov)
Before measles vaccine was available, more than 400,000 measles cases were reported each year in the United States. (cdc.gov)
In the pre-vaccine era, most measles cases affected preschool and young school-age children. (cdc.gov)
Between 1981 and 1988, a steady average of 3,000 cases of measles occurred each year. (nih.gov)
But since then dozens of cases have appeared, with a spike in 2014, when more than 600 measles cases arose. (nih.gov)
In 2015, over 140 measles cases have already been reported nationwide. (nih.gov)
As of June 8, 2023 , CDC has been notified of 16 confirmed U.S. cases of measles across 11 jurisdictions, with 14 (88%) linked to international travel. (cdc.gov)
The United States has seen an increase in measles cases during the first 5 months of 2023, with 16 reported cases compared with 3 in 2022 during the same period. (cdc.gov)
Measles cases have been rising in the U.S. (merck.com)
In 2020, the number of measles cases in the U.S. dropped significantly, likely due in part to regulations put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic. (merck.com)
However, these same regulations led to a decrease in routine child wellness visits, which leads experts to believe there could be an uptick in measles cases as restrictions ease . (merck.com)
Close to 365,000 measles cases have been reported worldwide this year, the WHO said, almost three times as many as in the first half of 2018. (rferl.org)
Brazil's Health Ministry says more than 1,000 people have been infected and five have died in a measles outbreak linked to cases imported from neighboring Venezuela. (kff.org)
In 2010, more than 30,000 cases of measles were reported across 32 European countries, where it had previously been considered to be controlled. (livescience.com)
To be clear, there are still people with measles in the Americas, but the only cases develop from strains picked up overseas. (theverge.com)
At least 314 cases of measles have been reported in the United States since January 1, according to national numbers shared Monday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (fox40.com)
Also as of Thursday, Texas health officials reported 14 cases of measles. (fox40.com)
Connecticut reported at least two cases of measles last month but has not reported additional cases since. (fox40.com)
Since January, over 700 cases of measles have been reported in 22 states. (npr.org)
Between 1964 and 1974, the number of measles cases in the U.S. plummeted. (npr.org)
In 1989, measles surged to 18,193 cases, around 40% of which occurred in vaccinated children. (npr.org)
There are more than 760 measles cases in US, according to the CDC. (kswo.com)
Nationwide, a total of 839 cases of measles were reported as of last week. (kswo.com)
The doctor says there has been a real-life impact in the reduction of vaccinations which includes three different clusters of measles cases in Ohio and Kentucky. (fox19.com)
Figure 2: Distribution of active Footnote * , confirmed measles cases by health region. (canada.ca)
Active measles cases are those in which the onset date of the case falls within 42 days of the end date of the epidemiological week of the report Footnote 4 . (canada.ca)
In 2022, no cases of measles have been genotyped. (canada.ca)

An initiative to eliminate indigenous measles from the United States by fall of 1982 is proceeding satisfactorily. (cdc.gov)
If success can be demonstrated in the U.S. as well as other countries in the hemisphere, worldwide efforts to eliminate measles will be encouraged. (cdc.gov)
The World Health Organization's goal was lofty but achievable: eliminate measles from five of the world's six regions by 2020. (sciencenews.org)
In 2016, the region became the first to eliminate measles after its 35 countries immunized 95 percent or more of their populations ( SN Online: 9/27/16 ). (sciencenews.org)
This is the first region in the world to be declared measles-free, despite longtime efforts to eliminate the disease entirely. (theverge.com)
There is no better time than now to eliminate measles once and for all. (undispatch.com)

Declines in measles vaccination rates globally during the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the risk of larger measles outbreaks worldwide, including in the United States. (cdc.gov)

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the current measles outbreak has reached 14 states. (medscape.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published that our vaccine rate for measles specifically in Ohio kindergarteners dropped from 96% in 2014 to 89.6% in 2021," Dr. Huang confirmed. (fox19.com)

GLOBAL HOT SPOTS As shown here in 2018, Colombia set up border stations to vaccinate Venezuelans who were fleeing unrest at home so that measles wouldn't spread in Colombia. (sciencenews.org)
In 2018, measles took some 140,000 lives, mostly of children under the age of five. (foreignpolicy.com)

Health officials have said that the proliferation of anti-vaccine rhetoric has, in part, fueled an increase in the number of measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States. (fox40.com)

A safe and highly efficacious measles virus-based vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 stabilized prefusion spike. (nih.gov)

The good news is that measles can be prevented by getting a vaccine. (nih.gov)

A recent resurgence of measles has occurred in the United States. (nih.gov)
This story is part of a package that explores the complex forces driving measles' resurgence. (sciencenews.org)

No. CDC considers people who received two doses of measles vaccine as children according to the U.S. vaccination schedule protected for life, and they do not ever need a booster dose. (cdc.gov)
Prolonged measles virus shedding in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children, detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. (nih.gov)
Measles was once a common disease among preschool and school-aged children and almost an expected part of growing up. (healthychildren.org)
Prior to the appearance of the rash, children with measles develop cold-like symptoms, including a cough, runny nose, fever, and inflamed eyes, often called pinkeye (conjunctivitis). (healthychildren.org)
Measles antibodies develop in at least 95% of susceptible children vaccinated at about 15 months of age or older with the current further attentuated vaccine. (cdc.gov)
The major cause of the re-emergence of measles in the U.S. was the failure to vaccinate children at the appropriate age rather than failure of vaccine efficacy. (nih.gov)
Introduced in the 1960s, it has been shown to be safe in both children and adults, providing long-term protection against the measles virus. (nih.gov)
Measles can be especially dangerous to children under 5 years old. (nih.gov)
In the first half of the 20th century, nearly all children got measles. (nih.gov)
As many as 1 out of every 20 children with measles get pneumonia, the most common cause of death from measles in young children. (merck.com)
According to the World Health Organisation ( WHO ) measles remains one of the leading causes of death among young children, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. (livescience.com)
In 2012, approximately 122,000 people died from measles - the majority were children under the age of five. (livescience.com)
Recent outbreaks of measles have occurred in some states that are more permissive in allowing parents to get waivers for their children to attend school without being vaccinated. (fox40.com)
The first steps toward a measles vaccine were taken in 1954, when John F. Enders and Dr. Thomas C. Peebles collected throat swabs and blood samples from children at a Boston school that had just experienced an outbreak. (npr.org)
measles still infects 30 million children each year and kills 450 people every day. (undispatch.com)
But if Pan's claims about unvaccinated children causing measles outbreaks like this are actually true, then why is California right now experiencing what the mainstream media is describing as a "serious" measles outbreak, more than four years after SB 277 became law, that's reportedly already led to at least two public college campuses having to quarantine their students and faculty ? (naturalnews.com)
But because millions of Americans still believe everything they're told by corrupt politicians and the lying fake news media outlets and industries that control them, many folks are being successfully fear-mongered into getting themselves and their children vaccinated as a way to "protect" society against measles outbreaks - which isn't even all that big of a deal, by the way, as it's basically like contracting chickenpox . (naturalnews.com)
CINCINNATI (WXIX) - Doctors say there is a growing concern about the number of children in the Tri-State who aren't being vaccinated for measles. (fox19.com)
Doctors with Cincinnati Children's Hospital say 95% of children need to be vaccinated against measles in order to make the spread from person to person to become unlikely. (fox19.com)
When adults get measles, they usually feel worse than children who get it. (peacehealth.org)
Children with German measles will not require any medical treatment, as it gets better on its own. (homehealth-uk.com)

By 1978, vaccination efforts had been going so well that the CDC set the goal of eliminating measles from the U.S. by 1982. (npr.org)

Parry N. Containment Cuts Measles Spread in Undervaccinated Population. (medscape.com)
Measles is caused by the measles virus which is spread easily through the air when an infected person sneezes or coughs and someone nearby inhales the infected droplets. (healthychildren.org)
If your pediatrician diagnoses measles, your pediatrician will call the local health department, which will take steps to prevent the spread of measles in the community. (healthychildren.org)
Infected people can spread measles to others 4 days before through 4 days after the rash appears. (merck.com)
A new oral drug could help reduce the spread of measles. (livescience.com)
Although more research is needed before the drug is tested on humans, if successful it could help efforts to eradicate measles by reducing its spread during local outbreaks. (livescience.com)
Measles is easily spread through the air when someone coughs or sneezes. (nj.gov)
Measles is one of the most easily spread diseases. (peacehealth.org)
If that person travels outside their own country, they could spread measles to people who are not immune. (peacehealth.org)
German measles is caused by a virus, and is spread by fine droplets of moisture, which contain the virus. (homehealth-uk.com)

This decrease is down to a combination of people forgetting how serious diseases like measles or polio can be, as they have been dramatically reduced or disappeared altogether due to good vaccine uptake in the past, and also the additional disruption to the routine vaccination programme caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. (itv.com)

Measles outbreaks are occurring in all World Health Organization (WHO) regions . (cdc.gov)

A laboratory confirmed that you are immune to measles. (cdc.gov)
What should I do if I'm unsure whether I'm immune to measles? (cdc.gov)
Also, if you travel to another country and you are not immune to measles, you may be at risk. (peacehealth.org)
If you don't know whether you're immune to measles and you plan to travel, check with your doctor or local health clinic to see whether you should get the vaccine before you travel. (peacehealth.org)

Polio, Tuberculosis, and Measles Should Be a Warning for COVID-19. (foreignpolicy.com)
The world can't repeat the mistakes of polio, tuberculosis, and measles. (foreignpolicy.com)

Since the licensure of vaccine in 1963, the collaborative efforts of professional and voluntary medical and public health organizations in vaccination programs have resulted in a 99% reduction in the reported incidence of measles. (cdc.gov)
Before 1963, a decade before a vaccine became available, an estimated 3 to 4 million Americans contracted measles each year, leading to approximately 400 to 500 deaths and 48,000 hospitalizations annually. (merck.com)
Enders and his lab managed to isolate and culture the measles virus and eventually adapted it to chicken embryos, later resulting in the release of a vaccine in 1963. (npr.org)

Measles spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. (nih.gov)

As the incidence rate of measles declines, serologic confirmation becomes more important. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy1

Organisms6

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs11

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Health Care9

Geographicals3

Role of schools in the transmission of measles in rural Senegal: implications for measles control in developing countries. (1/1521)

I(2/1521)

W(3/1521)

Seroepidemiological evaluation of 1989-91 mass vaccination campaigns against measles, in Italy. (4/1521)

Characterization of a new genotype of measles virus detected in China and England. (5/1521)

Measles eradication: experience in the Americas. (6/1521)

Candidate viral diseases for elimination or eradication. (7/1521)

Bacterial pneumonia as a suprainfection in young adults with measles. (8/1521)

Measles

Measles virus

Measles Vaccine

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Morbillivirus

Antigens, CD46

Immunization Programs

Mumps

Disease Outbreaks

Vaccination

Antibodies, Viral

Rubella

Mumps Vaccine

Hemagglutinins, Viral

Immunization Schedule

Rubella Vaccine

Mass Vaccination

Mumps virus

Rubella virus

Population Surveillance

Vero Cells

Disease Notification

Guinea-Bissau

Viral Fusion Proteins

Pan American Health Organization

Americas

Niger

Travel

Distemper Virus, Canine

Cercopithecus aethiops

Vaccines, Combined

Disease Eradication

Nucleoproteins

World Health

Immunoglobulin M

Rubella Syndrome, Congenital

Role of schools in the transmission of measles in rural Senegal: implications for measles control in developing countries. (1/1521)

I(2/1521)

W(3/1521)

Seroepidemiological evaluation of 1989-91 mass vaccination campaigns against measles, in Italy. (4/1521)

Characterization of a new genotype of measles virus detected in China and England. (5/1521)

Measles eradication: experience in the Americas. (6/1521)

Candidate viral diseases for elimination or eradication. (7/1521)

Bacterial pneumonia as a suprainfection in young adults with measles. (8/1521)

Questions About Measles | CDC

Detection of Measles Virus RNA in Air and Surface Specimens in a Hospital Setting - PubMed

Measles | Rubeola | MedlinePlus

Travel-Related Measles

Measles | Rubeola | MedlinePlus

Measles.

Measles Differential Diagnoses

Measles - HealthyChildren.org

Rubeola / Measles | CDC Yellow Book 2024

ACIP: Measles Prevention

Measles.

Measles.

NHANES 1999-2000: Measles, Rubella, & Varicella Data Documentation, Codebook, and Frequencies

measles | Blogs | CDC

NIH Guide: MODERN VACCINES FOR MYCOSES AND MEASLES

Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR)

Measles vaccine used as base for experimental COVID vaccine | National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Measles: Preventable with Vaccines | NIH News in Health

Health Alert Network (HAN) - 00493 | Guidance on Measles during the Summer Travel Season

WHO EMRO | Measles | Health topics

Measles - Office of NIH History and Stetten Museum

Researchers identify key areas of measles virus polymerase to target for antiviral drug development | National Eye Institute

Fast Five Quiz: Measles

Measles outbreak in Rhode Island.

Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Vaccine - PubMed

Decline in Measles Vaccination Is Causing a Preventable Global Resurgence of the Disease | NIH: National Institute of Allergy...

Measles: symptoms and signs - Merck.com

Europe Loses Ground On Measles Eradication Efforts

Rubella29

Case of measles7

Reported measles cases2

Contagious12

Rubeola3

Vaccines12

Sustaining measles virus1