Maternal nutritional physiological phenomena. Medical search

Nutritional physiology related to EXERCISE or ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE.

Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the FETUS and INFANT as well as herself.

Nutritional physiology of adults aged 65 years of age and older.

Physiological processes and properties of the DENTITION.

Properties and processes of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM and DENTITION as a whole or of any of its parts.

Physiology of the human and animal body, male or female, in the processes and characteristics of REPRODUCTION and the URINARY TRACT.

Properties, and processes of the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM and the NERVOUS SYSTEM or their parts.

Functional processes and properties characteristic of the BLOOD; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

The properties and relationships and biological processes that characterize the nature and function of the SKIN and its appendages.

Physiological processes, factors, properties and characteristics pertaining to REPRODUCTION.

The functions and properties of living organisms, including both the physical and chemical factors and processes, supporting life in single- or multi-cell organisms from their origin through the progression of life.

Nutritional physiology of children aged 13-18 years.

Nutrition of FEMALE during PREGNANCY.

Properties, functions, and processes of the URINARY TRACT as a whole or of any of its parts.

Nutritional physiology of children aged 2-12 years.

The processes and properties of living organisms by which they take in and balance the use of nutritive materials for energy, heat production, or building material for the growth, maintenance, or repair of tissues and the nutritive properties of FOOD.

Processes and properties of the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM.

Nutritional physiology of children from birth to 2 years of age.

Biological properties, processes, and activities of VIRUSES.

Nutritional physiology of animals.

Properties and processes of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

Physiological processes and properties of the BLOOD.

Processes and properties of the EYE as a whole or of any of its parts.

Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the peripheral or the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Cellular processes, properties, and characteristics.

Physiological processes and properties of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

The functions of the skin in the human and animal body. It includes the pigmentation of the skin.

The physiological processes, properties, and states characteristic of plants.

Physiological processes and properties of BACTERIA.

Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

The consumption of edible substances.

Behavioral responses or sequences associated with eating including modes of feeding, rhythmic patterns of eating, and time intervals.

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

Any substances taken in by the body that provide nourishment.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Sense of awareness of self and of the environment.

The selection of one food over another.

A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406)

A vitamin that includes both CHOLECALCIFEROLS and ERGOCALCIFEROLS, which have the common effect of preventing or curing RICKETS in animals. It can also be viewed as a hormone since it can be formed in SKIN by action of ULTRAVIOLET RAYS upon the precursors, 7-dehydrocholesterol and ERGOSTEROL, and acts on VITAMIN D RECEPTORS to regulate CALCIUM in opposition to PARATHYROID HORMONE.

Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.

Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body.

The major circulating metabolite of VITAMIN D3. It is produced in the LIVER and is the best indicator of the body's vitamin D stores. It is effective in the treatment of RICKETS and OSTEOMALACIA, both in azotemic and non-azotemic patients. Calcifediol also has mineralizing properties.

Irradiation directly from the sun.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

An order of BIRDS including over 300 species that primarily inhabit coastal waters, beaches, and marshes. They are comprised of shorebirds, gulls, and terns.

Animal reproductive bodies, or the contents thereof, used as food. The concept is differentiated from OVUM, the anatomic or physiologic entity.

Ratings of the characteristics of food including flavor, appearance, nutritional content, and the amount of microbial and chemical contamination.

The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.

Oxygenated forms of carotenoids. They are usually derived from alpha and beta carotene.

Order of mammals whose members are adapted for flight. It includes bats, flying foxes, and fruit bats.

A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.

Implication of maternal nitrogen balance in the regulation of circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I in human pregnancy. (1/608)

Nutrition plays an important role in regulating the circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). We have demonstrated that reduced nitrogen balance is related to changes in serum IGF-I levels but not serum growth hormone levels in pregnant rats. In the present study, we investigated the effects of changes in nitrogen balance on serum IGF-I levels in normal and malnourished pregnant women (defined as having negative nitrogen balance). Forty-eight pregnant women (threatened miscarriage and premature labor, 39; pre-eclampsia, 3; hyperemesis, 3; ileus, 2; bleeding from the colon, 1) and 19 non-pregnant women admitted in Kobe University Hospital were enrolled in this study. Blood samples of normal pregnant controls were also obtained from 172 healthy pregnant women attending the outpatient clinic. Serum IGF-I levels and nitrogen balance were measured serially in 9 pregnant women with threatened miscarriage and premature labor and 9 malnourished pregnant women out of 48 pregnant women. Serum IGF-I and urinary nitrogen levels were measured by radioimmunoassay with acid-ethanol extraction and the Dumas method, respectively. Nitrogen balance was expressed as the difference between daily nitrogen intake and nitrogen excretion assessed by urinary nitrogen levels. Serum IGF-I levels in normal pregnant controls significantly increased in the third trimester of pregnancy compared with non-pregnant controls. No difference in serum IGF-I levels in any trimester of pregnancy was observed between normal pregnant controls and pregnant women with threatened miscarriage and premature labor. There was no significant difference in nitrogen balance between the pregnant women with threatened miscarriage and premature labor and non-pregnant controls. In the longitudinal study, no correlation was found between the changes in serum IGF-I levels and those in nitrogen balance in the 9 pregnant women with threatened premature labor (daily nitrogen balance > 0 g/day) on the basis of linear regression analysis. On the other hand, the changes in serum IGF-I levels in the 9 malnourished pregnant women were significantly correlated with those in nitrogen balance (y = 1.72x + 17.5; r = 0.60; P < 0.05: linear regression analysis). These results indicate that maternal nutritional states have a major effect on serum IGF-I levels in malnourished pregnant women, but not in pregnant women with daily nitrogen balance > 0 g/day. Serum IGF-I levels can be a potent index of nutritional states under malnutrition during human pregnancy. (+info)

Adult growth hormone treatment reduces hypertension and obesity induced by an adverse prenatal environment. (2/608)

The discovery of a link between an adverse in utero environment and the propensity to develop metabolic and cardiovascular disease in adult life is one of the most important advances in epidemiological research of recent Years. Increasing experimental evidence suggests that alterations in the fetal environment may have long-term consequences for the development of metabolic disorders in adult life. This process has been termed 'fetal programming' and we have shown that undernutrition of the mother during gestation leads to development of the metabolic syndrome X during adult life. Striking metabolic similarities exist between syndrome X and untreated GH deficiency (GHD). In the present study we have investigated the effects of GH treatment on blood pressure and metabolic parameters. Virgin Wistar rats (age 75+/-5 days, n=20 per group) were time-mated and randomly assigned to receive food either ad libitum (AD) or 30% of AD intake (UN) throughout pregnancy. At weaning, male offspring were assigned to one of two diets (control or hypercaloric (30% fat)). Systolic blood pressure was measured at day 100 and following twice daily treatment with recombinant bovine GH for 21 days. GH treatment increased body weights in all treated animals but significantly reduced retroperitoneal and gonadal fat pad weights. Following GH treatment, systolic blood pressure was markedly decreased in all UN offspring. Saline-treated animals showed no change in systolic blood pressure over the treatment period. GH treatment increased heart-to-body weight ratio in all GH-treated animals. Our data demonstrated that GH treatment reduces hypertension and improves cardiovascular function in animals exposed to adverse environmental conditions during fetal or postnatal life. (+info)

Gender-specific programming of insulin secretion and action. (3/608)

Insulin secretion and glucose tolerance were studied in 20-week-old male and female offspring of rat dams maintained on an isocaloric 20% or 8% protein diet during pregnancy and lactation after transfer to the same diet at weaning. Protein-restricted male and female offspring were also weaned onto a 20% protein diet. In males, post-absorptive insulin concentrations were suppressed by protein restriction from conception to adulthood (by 41%; P<0.001); however, basal insulin levels were 2.6-fold higher (P<0.001) if protein restriction was limited to gestation and lactation. Post-absorptive insulinaemia in females was unaffected by early or sustained protein restriction, but was lower than for males in the control group and the group exposed to protein restriction during early life alone (by 40% (P<0.001) and 52% (P<0.001) respectively). Plasma insulin/blood glucose ratios were higher in males compared with females in both control and early protein-restricted groups (1.6-fold (P<0.05) and 2.3-fold (P<0.001) respectively). A positive linear relationship existed between mean ambient insulin and glucose concentrations in males (r=1.0) and females (r=0.9), but the gradient was 12.4-fold greater (P<0.01) in males. beta-Cell function was evaluated after intravenous glucose challenge. In males, the acute insulin response and the suprabasal 30-min area under the insulin curve were dramatically higher in rats exposed to protein restriction during gestation and lactation alone (2.6- and 2.8-fold respectively; P<0.001). In contrast, these parameters were lowered by extending the exposure to protein restriction to adulthood in males, and by either early or prolonged exposure to protein restriction in females. The insulin resistance index was increased (2.5-fold; P<0.001) in male, but not female, rats exposed to protein restriction during gestation and lactation alone, and was not increased by extending the period of protein restriction to adulthood in either sex. Thus the data have demonstrated gender-specific lowering of insulin sensitivity due to protein restriction during early life only. The insulinogenic index (insulin response in relation to prevailing glycaemia) was increased in male, but not female, rats exposed to protein restriction during gestation and lactation alone (3.0-fold; P<0.001). A modest decline in insulin secretion in the female groups exposed to protein restriction until either the end of lactation or adulthood was compensated by increased insulin sensitivity, as demonstrated by significant decreases in the insulin resistance index in both groups (by 48% and 52% respectively; P<0.05). Glucose disappearance rates did not differ between the male and female control or early protein-restricted groups but were higher in both male (31%; P<0.05) and female groups (46%; P<0.001) exposed to protein restriction from conception to adulthood. Marked gender differences in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion were not associated with gender differences with respect to glucose tolerance. Our data therefore demonstrated that exposure to protein restriction during early life alone leads to relative insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia in adulthood, but this relationship is gender specific, observed only in males, and glucose tolerance is maintained. (+info)

Gender-linked hypertension in offspring of lard-fed pregnant rats. (4/608)

Epidemiological studies suggest an association between maternal nutrition and offspring cardiovascular disease. We previously demonstrated endothelial dysfunction and abnormal aortic fatty acid composition in adult female offspring of rats fed animal lard during pregnancy. We have now further investigated this model. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control breeding diet (5.3% fat) or a diet rich in lard (25.7% fat) 10 days before and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Male and female offspring were implanted with radiotelemeters for recording of blood pressure, heart rate, and activity at 80, 180, and 360 days of age. Reactivity to acetylcholine and to nitric oxide were assessed in isolated small mesenteric arteries from 80- and 180-day-old littermates. Systolic blood pressure (awake phase) was raised in female offspring (180 days: offspring of control, 130.7+/-1.6 mm Hg, n=5, versus offspring of lard-fed, 138.1+/-2.9, n=5, P=0.029; 360 days: offspring of control, 129.7+/-3.7 mm Hg, n=6, versus offspring of lard-fed, 142.1+/-3.2, n=6, P=0.005). Diastolic blood pressure was also raised at 180 days (offspring of control, 87.6+/-1.0 mm Hg, n=5, versus offspring of lard-fed, 94.7+/-2.6, n=5, P=0.011). Blood pressure was not raised in male offspring. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was blunted in male and female offspring of lard-fed dams (80 and 180 days). Feeding a diet rich in lard to pregnant rats leads to gender-related cardiovascular dysfunction in normally fed offspring. (+info)

Renal function and angiotensin AT1 receptor expression in young rats following intrauterine exposure to a maternal low-protein diet. (5/608)

Recent studies have proposed a link between impaired nephrogenesis, decreased activity of the renin-angiotensin system and the onset of hypertension in rats exposed in the uterus to a maternal low-protein diet. However, there is no detailed information about renal function in this model; hence the aim of the present study was to assess renal function in young (4-week-old) rats exposed in the uterus to a maternal low-protein diet. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed isocalorific diets containing either 18% (normal protein; offspring denoted NP rats) or 9% (low protein; offspring denoted LP rats) (w/w) protein from conception until birth. At 4 weeks of age, male offspring were anaesthetized and prepared for the study of renal function, during which animals received saline alone, a bolus of enalapril (5 mg.kg(-1)) or a bolus of enalapril followed by an infusion of angiotensin II (30 ng.min(-1).kg(-1)). Under control conditions, renal haemodynamic and tubular function did not differ. However, when challenged with angiotensin II, LP rats responded with a greater decrease in glomerular filtration rate than did NP rats [NP, 2.0+/-0.2 ml.min(-1).g(-1) kidney weight ( n =9); LP, 1.0+/-0.2 ml.min(-1).g(-1) kidney weight ( n =5); P <0.05]. Renal electrolyte excretion did not differ. LP rats had significantly fewer glomeruli than NP rats ( P <0.01). Renal angiotensin II AT(1) receptor expression was increased ( P <0.01) by 24% in LP rats. It is concluded that blood pressure may be elevated in LP rats in order to maintain glomerular filtration rate against a background of fewer nephrons. Increased AT(1) receptor expression, which may arise as a result of the direct effect of protein restriction or in response to the reported decrease in renal tissue angiotensin II concentration, could also contribute to the elevated blood pressure of this model. (+info)

Maternal undernutrition from early- to mid-gestation leads to growth retardation, cardiac ventricular hypertrophy, and increased liver weight in the fetal sheep. (6/608)

Early gestation is critical for placentomal growth, differentiation, and vascularization, as well as fetal organogenesis. The fetal origins of adult disease hypothesis proposes that alterations in fetal nutrition and endocrine status result in developmental adaptations that permanently change structure, physiology, and metabolism, thereby predisposing individuals to cardiovascular, metabolic, and endocrine disease in adult life. Multiparous ewes were fed to 50% (nutrient restricted) or 100% (control fed) of total digestible nutrients from Days 28 to 78 of gestation. All ewes were weighed weekly and diets adjusted for individual weight loss or gain. Ewes were killed on Day 78 of gestation and gravid uteri recovered. Fetal body and organ weights were determined, and numbers, morphologies, diameters, and weights of all placentomes were obtained. From Day 28 to Day 78, restricted ewes lost 7.4% of body weight, while control ewes gained 7.5%. Maternal and fetal blood glucose concentrations were reduced in restricted versus control pregnancies. Fetuses were markedly smaller in the restricted group than in the control group. Further, restricted fetuses exhibited greater right- and left-ventricular and liver weights per unit fetal weight than control fetuses. No treatment differences were observed in any gross placentomal measurement. However, caruncular vascularity was enhanced in conceptuses from nutrient-restricted ewes but only in twin pregnancies. While these alterations in fetal/placental development may be beneficial to early fetal survival in the face of a nutrient restriction, their effects later in gestation as well as in postnatal life need further investigation. (+info)

Do low-income lone mothers compromise their nutrition to feed their children? (7/608)

BACKGROUND: Women who live in disadvantaged circumstances in Canada exhibit dietary intakes below recommended levels, but their children often do not. One reason for this difference may be that mothers modify their own food intake to spare their children nutritional deprivation. The objective of our study was to document whether or not low-income lone mothers compromise their own diets to feed their children. METHODS: We studied 141 low-income lone mothers with at least 2 children under the age of 14 years who lived in Atlantic Canada. Women were identified through community organizations using a variety of recruitment strategies. The women were asked weekly for 1 month to recall their food intake over the previous 24 hours; they also reported their children's (n = 333) food intake. Mothers also completed a questionnaire about "food insecurity," that is, a lack of access to adequate, nutritious food through socially acceptable means, during each interview. RESULTS: Household food insecurity was reported by 78% of mothers during the study month. Mothers' dietary intakes and the adequacy of intake were consistently poorer than their children's intake overall and over the course of a month. The difference in adequacy of intake between mothers and children widened from Time 1, when the family had the most money to purchase food, to Time 4, when the family had the least money. The children experienced some improvement in nutritional intake at Time 3, which was possibly related to food purchases for them associated with receipt of the Child Tax Benefit Credit or the Goods and Services Tax Credit. INTERPRETATION: Our study demonstrates that low-income lone mothers compromise their own nutritional intake in order to preserve the adequacy of their children's diets. (+info)

Does the interaction between maternal folate intake and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms affect the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate? (8/608)

Periconceptional folic acid supplementation may reduce the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL(P)). Polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene reduce availability of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the predominant circulating form of folate. To determine the effect of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C genotypes and haplotypes on CL(P) risk and the interaction with maternal periconceptional dietary folate and folic acid supplement intake, the authors conducted a case-control triad study in the Netherlands (1998-2000) among 179 CL(P) and 204 control families. Infant and parental MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C genotypes and haplotypes were not associated with CL(P) risk in the case-control and transmission disequilibrium test analyses. Mothers carrying the MTHFR 677TT genotype and who either did not use folic acid supplements periconceptionally or had a low dietary folate intake, or both, had an increased risk of delivering a CL(P) child (odds ratio (OR) = 5.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 30.9; OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 0.7, 10.5; OR = 10.0, 95% CI: 1.3, 79.1, respectively). No supplement use, low dietary folate intake, and maternal MTHFR 1298CC genotype increased the risk of CL(P) offspring almost sevenfold (OR = 6.5, 95% CI: 1.4, 30.2). Thus, the detrimental effect of low periconceptional folate intake on the risk of giving birth to a CL(P) child was more pronounced in mothers with the MTHFR 677TT or MTHFR 1298CC genotype. (+info)

Beliefs around maternal diet and breastfeeding within the context of the nutrition transition in Egypt". Maternal & Child ... Supplementing nutritional intake can lead to an earlier return of menses and ovulation than exclusive breastfeeding.[12] ... Beyond the physiological factors that influence lactational amenorrhea, cross cultural differences can help account for many of ... An additional study that references this phenomenon cross-culturally was completed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and has ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactational_amenorrhea_method

In addition to physiological degradation, pacific salmon become more lethargic as mating goes on, which makes some individuals ... It is rare in mammals because mammals have obligate maternal care due to internal fertilization and incubation of offspring and ... Cole, Lamont C. (June 1954). "The Population Consequences of Life History Phenomena". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 29 (2): ... Larva only feed in restricted periods of the year because of the nutritional state of their host plants (as a result, they are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semelparity_and_iteroparity

... a time of rapid growth and development when nutritional needs are high. Low maternal zinc status has been associated with less ... Deficiency of other nutrients such as tyrosine, tryptophan and thiamine could contribute to this phenomenon of "malnutrition- ... a sensitive physiological marker of zinc status in vivo (Gallus gallus)". Nutrients. 6 (3): 1164-1180. doi:10.3390/nu6031164. ... Animal studies indicate that maternal zinc deficiency can upset both the sequencing and efficiency of the birth process. An ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_deficiency

This diminishes nutritional content for both human and insect consumption. Studies have shown that when CO2 levels rise, ... Slow onset phenomena, including effects of climate change such as desertification and rising sea levels gradually erode ... Iron deficiency affects more than 3.5 billion people; increasing maternal mortality and hindering cognitive development in ... Acidification has multiple implications on marine life such as physiological sensitivities, reduced metabolism, decreased ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming_on_human_health

With an increase in gestational time, the fetal organs also grow in progression to the body weight, the phenomenon which is ... Public health aspect of low birth weight, third report of the expert committee on maternal and child health (WHO)" (PDF). World ... 1977; 109-117 Gueri M, Jutsum P, Sorhaindo B (March 1982). "Anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in pregnant women: ... under physiological and pathological conditions: immunocytochemical, electron microscopic and in vitro observations". In Vivo. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropometric_measurement_of_the_developing_fetus

... or physiological. A characteristic of the phenotype that arises through adaptive maternal effects, is the plasticity of this ... A similar phenomenon occurs in the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Urchin mothers in nutrient rich environments ... This displayed that birth weight may not be an adequate way to determine nutritional status during gestation. This study ... This is a maternal, not an adaptive maternal effect. In order to be an adaptive maternal effect, the mother's environment would ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_effect

Maternal nutrition and the avoidance of drugs, alcohol and other substances during all nine months of pregnancy (especially the ... Upon hearing the tune, these newborns showed physiological changes, such as a decrease in heart rate. This observed change did ... Further research in this area is needed.[citation needed] Similarly to nutritional intake, drugs consumed by the mother during ... Thompson, Richard F.; Spencer, William A. (1966). "Habituation: A model phenomenon for the study of neuronal substrates of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_memory

Maternal nutritional deficiencies, such as those observed during a famine, as well as maternal obesity have also been ... If the psychotic symptoms are the direct physiological result of a general medical condition or a substance, then the diagnosis ... sometimes termed passivity phenomena, are also common.[22] There is often an observable pattern of emotional difficulty, for ... Maternal stress has been associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia, possibly in association with reelin. Maternal ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_symptoms

This phenomenon is known as premenstrual exacerbation (PME) and refers to the worsening of mood disorder symptoms during the ... There have been some nutritional supplements that have been shown to help alleviate the symptoms of PMDD. In 1998, a placebo- ... Australia) Ward, Susan (2016). Maternal-Child Nursing Care. Philadelphia, PA, USA: F.A. Davis Company. ISBN 9780803636651. [ ... Criterion G The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premenstrual_dysphoric_disorder

This phenomenon, where molecule Y affects the binding of molecule X to a transport molecule Z, is called a heterotropic ... Murray S.S. & McKinney E.S. (2006). Foundations of Maternal-Newborn Nursing. 4th ed., p. 919. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. ... Oxyhemoglobin is formed during physiological respiration when oxygen binds to the heme component of the protein hemoglobin in ... Other common causes of low hemoglobin include loss of blood, nutritional deficiency, bone marrow problems, chemotherapy, kidney ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin_deficiency

This phenomenon, where molecule Y affects the binding of molecule X to a transport molecule Z, is called a heterotropic ... As a result, fetal blood in the placenta is able to take oxygen from maternal blood. Hemoglobin also carries nitric oxide (NO) ... nutritional deficiency, bone marrow problems, chemotherapy, kidney failure, or abnormal hemoglobin (such as that of sickle-cell ... Oxyhemoglobin is formed during physiological respiration when oxygen binds to the heme component of the protein hemoglobin in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin

International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research (March 2015). "Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry". ... By the end of the 17th century and into the Enlightenment, madness was increasingly seen as an organic physical phenomenon with ... However, available evidence may range from nonverbal behaviors-including physiological responses and homologous facial displays ... high maternal negative affect, anxious childrearing, modelling of dysfunctional and drug-abusing behaviour, and child abuse ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_illnesses

... and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use and that typically include a strong desire to take the ... Chen LW, Wu Y, Neelakantan N, Chong MF, Pan A, van Dam RM (May 2016). "Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and risk of ... Liddle DG, Connor DJ (June 2013). "Nutritional supplements and ergogenic AIDS". Primary Care. 40 (2): 487-505. doi:10.1016/j. ... The physiological effects of the above mentioned substances are well established. However, the ergogenic effect of some of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine

Yong, Ed (2014-05-09). "The Silence of the Crickets, The Silence of the Crickets". Phenomena: A Science Salon. National ... complex spermatophores and maternal care in crickets, katydids, and weta". Journal of Orthoptera Research. 4: 203-218. JSTOR ... Physiological Entomology. 8 (2): 151-166. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1983.tb00344.x. Cade W. H. (1975). "Acoustically orienting ... probably providing a nutritional boost. Gryllus firmus exhibits wing polymorphism; some individuals have fully functional, long ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricket_(insect)

"Phenomena: A Science Salon. National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2016-12-25. Retrieved 2017-06-08.. ... complex spermatophores and maternal care in crickets, katydids, and weta". Journal of Orthoptera Research. 4 (4): 203-218. doi: ... Physiological Entomology. 8 (2): 151-166. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1983.tb00344.x.. ... probably providing a nutritional boost.[12] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricket_

An identical phenomenon is much more commonly seen with Ancylostoma caninum infections in dogs, where the newborn pups can even ... Additionally, recent research has focused on the potential of adverse maternal-fetal outcomes when the mother is infected with ... abounded in an era when active public health departments in other parts of the country were eradicating nutritional and ... mainly because they have much higher physiological needs for iron (menstruation, repeated pregnancy). An interesting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookworm_infection

Whilst the specific physiological mechanisms by which immunity is produced differ sharply between the individual and society, ... Cremer was the first to do this systematically, and partitioned immunological phenomena into three categories: border defence ( ... Boos, Stefan; Meunier, Joël; Pichon, Samuel; Kölliker, Mathias (2014-07-01). "Maternal care provides antifungal protection to ... larvae raised on these carcasses are smaller and in a worse nutritional state-at adulthood these beetles were also smaller, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_immunity

International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research (March 2015). "Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry". ... The application of the concept of mental illness to the phenomena described by these authors has in turn been critiqued by ... However, available evidence may range from nonverbal behaviors-including physiological responses and homologous facial displays ... high maternal negative affect, anxious childrearing, modelling of dysfunctional and drug-abusing behaviour, and child abuse ( ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychiatric_disorder

A person's paternal grandson is the son of a son of that person; a maternal grandson is the son of a daughter. Pembrey ME, ... Historically, some phenomena not necessarily heritable have also been described as epigenetic. For example, the term epigenetic ... Such effects on cellular and physiological phenotypic traits may result from external or environmental factors, or be part of ... Waterland RA, Jirtle RL (August 2003). "Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics

The application of the concept of mental illness to the phenomena described by these authors has in turn been critiqued by ... However, available evidence may range from nonverbal behaviors-including physiological responses and homologous facial displays ... high maternal negative affect, anxious childrearing, modelling of dysfunctional and drug-abusing behaviour, and child abuse ( ... "Nutritional therapies for mental disorders". Nutrition Journal. 7 (1): 2. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-7-2. PMC 2248201. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_breakdown

"Effects of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy on cognitive parameters of children and young adults: A literature ... Torregrossa, Ann-Marie; Dearing, M. Denise (February 2009). "Nutritional toxicology of mammals: regulated intake of plant ... physiological_effects_of_subcut.pdf. Missing or empty ,title= (help) Wink, Michael (2006). "Naturally Occurring Bioactive ... of reward-related stimuli and that drug induced dopamine stimulation explains at least some part of drug abuse phenomena. And ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_models_of_human_drug_use

This is argued to be caused by an unbalanced genomic imprinting favoring paternal genes in the case of autism and maternal ... While some of these explanations may stretch credulity, others (such as heavy metal poisoning and nutritional imbalances) have ... a phenomenon known as the seasonality effect. Factors responsible are thought to be related to various viral epidemics, vitamin ... it has been suggested that the physiological hypoxia that prevails in normal embryonic and fetal development, or pathological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_schizophrenia

Another important physiological change related to sexuality in humans was the evolution of hidden estrus. Humans are the only ... In fact the trend towards increased maternal care, female mate selection and self-domestication may have been stronger and more ... suggest that control of fire and releasing increased nutritional value through cooking was the key adaptation that separated ... "Encephalization is not a universal macroevolutionary phenomenon in mammals but is associated with sociality". Proceedings of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolution

The application of the concept of mental illness to the phenomena described by these authors has in turn been critiqued by ... Lakhan, Shaheen E; Vieira, Karen F (2008). "Nutritional therapies for mental disorders". Nutrition Journal. 7 (1): 2. doi: ... However, available evidence may range from nonverbal behaviors-including physiological responses and homologous facial displays ... high maternal negative affect, anxious childrearing, modelling of dysfunctional and drug-abusing behaviour, and child abuse ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_disorder

The distinction between physiological and psychological causes is often difficult to test,[5] and it is particularly ... The phenomenon of multiple chemical sensitivities is a peculiar manifestation of our technophobic and chemophobic society. It ... a complete review of the patient's diet may be needed to avoid nutritional deficiencies.[35] ... D]efinition of the phenomenon is elusive and its pathogenesis as a distinct entity is not confirmed....The current consensus is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_environmental_intolerances

Such effects on cellular and physiological phenotypic traits may result from external or environmental factors, or be part of ... In the Överkalix study, paternal (but not maternal) grandsons[129] of Swedish men who were exposed during preadolescence to ... Historically, some phenomena not necessarily heritable have also been described as epigenetic. For example, the term epigenetic ... "Progressive, transgenerational changes in offspring phenotype and epigenotype following nutritional transition". PLoS ONE. 6 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic

Such effects on cellular and physiological phenotypic traits may result from external or environmental factors, or be part of ... This phenomenon of altered Macrophage Polarization is mostly associated with all the diabetic complications in a clinical set- ... A person's paternal grandson is the son of a son of that person; a maternal grandson is the son of a daughter. ... "Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (15): 5293- ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic

Although regulation of fat stores is deemed to be the primary function of leptin, it also plays a role in other physiological ... Leptin has thus emerged as a candidate to link obesity and osteoarthritis and serves as an apparent objective as a nutritional ... Vasselli JR (November 2008). "Fructose-induced leptin resistance: discovery of an unsuspected form of the phenomenon and its ... modulation between fetal and maternal metabolism, and that of a permissive factor in puberty, activator of immune cells, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptin

An identical phenomenon is much more commonly seen with Ancylostoma caninum infections in dogs, where the newborn pups can even ... Most evidence suggests that the contribution of hookworm to maternal anemia merits that all women of child-bearing age living ... abounded in an era when active public health departments in other parts of the country were eradicating nutritional and ... mainly because they have much higher physiological needs for iron (menstruation, repeated pregnancy). ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookworm_infection

There have been studies done which show maternal smoking, obstetric and perinatal complications such as maternal anemia, very ... During adolescence these traits may become intensified due to a variety of physiological and cultural influences such as the ... Latner, JD; Wilson, GT (2000). "Cognitive-behavioral therapy and nutritional counseling in the treatment of bulimia nervosa and ... and women are affected most by this phenomenon. Objectification increases self-objectification, where women judge their own ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder

fingers turning white or blue when cold (Raynaud's phenomenon). Criteria for individual diagnosis. Some people, especially ... studies show that social support is a modulating factor which buffers against SLE-related damage and maintains physiological ... "Maternal autoantibodies and congenital heart block: mediators, markers, and therapeutic approach". Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 33 ... Raynaud's phenomenon, and psychiatric symptoms. Males tend to have more seizures, kidney disease, serositis (inflammation of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus

Paternal genes in offspring demand more maternal resources than maternal genes in the same offspring and vice versa. This has ... The patterns can be explained by physiological constraints or ecological conditions, such as mating opportunities. In ... Leks and choruses have also been deemed another behavior among the phenomena of male competition for females. Due to the ... "Open-cell parasitism shapes maternal investment patterns in the Red Mason bee Osmia rufa". Behavioral Ecology. 17 (5): 839-848 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_ecology

... 0-9. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O ... Good maternal nutrition: The best start in life World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe (‏2016)‏ This ... publication presents a summary of the most recent evidence on maternal nutrition, the prevention of obesity and noncommunicable ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/107132/browse?locale-attribute=ar&type=mesh&authority=Maternal+Nutritional+Physiological+Phenomena

Division of Maternal and Child Health Subject Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Remove constraint Subject: Nutritional ... Division of Maternal and Child Health and United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General. ... Division of Maternal and Child Health Remove constraint Publisher: United States. Public Health Service. ...

https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog?f%5Breadonly_genre_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Proceedings&f%5Breadonly_language_ssim%5D%5B%5D=English&f%5Breadonly_publisher_ssim%5D%5B%5D=United+States.+Public+Health+Service.+Division+of+Maternal+and+Child+Health&f%5Breadonly_subject_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Nutritional+Physiological+Phenomena&per_page=10&search_field=all_fields&view=gallery

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena (National Institutes of Health) * ClinicalTrials.gov: Nutritional Counseling for ... Hydration is another special nutritional concern during pregnancy. When you are pregnant, your body needs even more water to ...

https://medlineplus.gov/pregnancyandnutrition.html

Maternal Behavior* * Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena * Middle Aged * Pregnancy * Surveys and Questionnaires ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18155808/?dopt=Abstract

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena* * Pregnancy * Prevalence * Rickets * Seasons * United States / epidemiology * ... Higher-dose supplementation is needed to improve maternal and neonatal vitamin D nutriture. ... black women had a smaller mean increase in maternal 25(OH)D compared with white women from winter to summer (16.0+/-3.3 nmol/L ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17237325/?dopt=Abstract

... the physiological mechanisms that underlie this maternal effect are poorly understood. Carotenoids are hypothesized to enhance ... Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. Animals. Animals, Wild. Antioxidants / administration & dosage, pharmacology. Birds ... However, the physiological mechanisms that underlie this maternal effect are poorly understood. Carotenoids are hypothesized to ... Previous Document: Pheasant sexual ornaments reflect nutritional conditions during early growth.. Next Document: Clade-specific ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Carotenoids-egg-quality-in-lesser/11788033.html

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the FETUS and INFANT as well as ... Research on Mother-Baby Units (MBUs) has mainly focused on maternal psychiatric outcomes, not the well-being of infants. This ... While there have been studies on the effects of maternal depression and anxiety on mother-infant styles of interaction in ... Maternal and paternal depression and anxiety: their relationship with mother-infant interactions at 3 months. ...

https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/2013551/Impact-of-the-mother-nurse-partnership-programme-on-mother-and-infant-outcomes.html

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / genetics*. Ovulation. Pregnancy. Pregnancy Outcome. Pregnancy Rate. ... Adaptation, Physiological / genetics. Animals. Cyclooxygenase 2 / genetics, metabolism. Dinoprost / metabolism. Dinoprostone / ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Effect-undernutrition-uterine-environment-during/19698291.html

Nutritional Physiological Phenomena1. * more Subject » Genre *Official reports2. *Proceedings2 ... Division of Maternal and Child Health Remove constraint Publisher: United States. Public Health Service. Division of Maternal ... Division of Maternal and Child Health and United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General. ... Division of Maternal and Child Health and United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General. ...

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Nutritional Physiological Phenomena1. *Public Health[remove]1. Genre *Official reports1 ... Division of Maternal and Child Health Remove constraint Publisher: United States. Public Health Service. Division of Maternal ... Division of Maternal and Child Health and United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General. ...

https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog?f%5Breadonly_publisher_ssim%5D%5B%5D=United+States.+Public+Health+Service.+Division+of+Maternal+and+Child+Health&f%5Breadonly_subject_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Public+Health&f%5Breadonly_subject_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Health+Promotion&f%5Breadonly_subject_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Colostrum&per_page=10&search_field=all_fields

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. *Models, Animal. *Oxidative Stress. *Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)/ ... Maternal under-nutrition increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases. We studied the effects of chronic maternal ... Maternal under-nutrition increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases. We studied the effects of chronic maternal ... Maternal B12R decreased LBM% and FFM% in the male offspring, but their TAF%, basal and insulin stimulated glucose uptake by ...

https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4232526_pone.0112991.g002&req=4

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. *Nutritional Status. *Pregnancy. *Prospective Studies. *Risk Factors. *Surveys ... Design: Five risk factors were defined: maternal obesity [prepregnant body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) >30], excess ... Design: Five risk factors were defined: maternal obesity [prepregnant body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) >30], excess ... as well as maternal height, education, parity, and age at childs birth. P values were determined by Poisson regression models ...

https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4307207_ajcn1012368fig1&req=4

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the FETUS and INFANT as well as ... Physiological response of crossbred sheep under nutritional scarcity.. Nutritional scarcity during summer and winter is a major ... Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. Nutritional physiology of animals.. Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ... Re-evaluating the nutritional awareness, knowledge and eating behaviours of women attending a tertiary maternity hospital ...

https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/trial/218545/Preparation-of-Complementary-Feeding-in-Spain-a-Cross-sectional-Study.html

It is a complex phenomenon, influenced not only by maternal physiological and metabolic changes but also by placental ... It can be inferred that what occurred, in this case, was hemodilution, a physiological phenomenon in gestation which occurs the ... The identification of inadequate weight gain outcomes on maternal nutritional status may be useful for the development of ... evaluated the risk factors for maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain and maternal, fetal and infant outcomes. ...

https://scielosp.org/article/rsp/2019.v53/57/

Search ("Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena"[Mesh] OR "Milk, Human"[Mesh] OR "Breast Feeding"[Mesh] OR "breast feeding ... Search ((("Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena"[Mesh] OR "Milk, Human"[Mesh] OR "Breast Feeding"[Mesh] OR "breast ... Ip S; Chung M; Raman G; Chew P; Magula N; DeVine D; Trikalinos T; Lau J. Breastfeeding and Maternal and Infant Health Outcomes ... Maternal, Infant, and Child Health. Washington, DC: Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 2016. www.healthypeople. ...

https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/topics/breastfeeding/research-protocol

This phenomenon can be understood in the context of the phenotypic plasticity and refers to the adjustment of a phenotype in ... development such as maternal undernutrition or overnutrition can program changes in the integration among physiological systems ... This phenomenon can be understood in the context of the phenotypic plasticity and refers to the adjustment of a phenotype in ... It has been shown that both maternal protein restriction and overnutrition alter the central and peripheral control of arterial ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2016.00504/full

In addition, the rodent model of maternal protein restriction has revealed that longevity can be influenced either positively ... Characteristic is the way in which breast-feeding condenses so many meanings--nutritional, medical and moral--into one act. The ... The modification of ageing by nutritional intervention is well recognised. Post-weaning diet restriction is the only widely ... Animal models including intrauterine artery ligation, maternal restriction of iron, protein or general caloric intake, provide ...

http://isharonline.org/tags/infant-nutritional-physiological-phenomena

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Child Nutritional Physiological ... Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Handbooks and manuals. Holt, ... Aging, Skin, Skin Care, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Dietary Supplements, Skin Diseases, ... Nutritional management of cancer treatment effects. Cancer, Neoplasms, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Clinical Nutrition ...

https://www.terkko.helsinki.fi/nutritional-sciences/books

Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. *Pregnancy/blood*. *Pregnancy Outcome. *alpha-Linolenic Acid/blood. Substances. *Fatty ... Infant plasma trans, n-6, and n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids are related to maternal plasma fatty acids, length ... In healthy women, we sampled maternal blood at 35 wk gestation (n = 58) and umbilical cord blood at birth (n = 70). ... We determined the associations of birth outcome with maternal and infant plasma concentrations of TFAs, CLAs, AA, and DHA. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11273857/

Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. ... Maternal nutrition affects the ability of treatment with IGF-I ... Maternal organ weights, fetal and placental weights were assessed. Treatment with IGFs did not alter body weight gain and had ... affects maternal growth and body composition as well as fetal and placental growth, in ad libitum fed, and in moderately, ... half of pregnancy stimulates placental growth in both ad libitum fed and food restricted guinea pigs without affecting maternal ...

https://drmc.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/handle/2440/8190

Maternal Health Services. Child Health Services. Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. 5. Declaration of the Paris AIDS Summit: ... Washington, D.C.] : Clearinghouse on Infant Feeding and Maternal Nutrition, [1991?]. Subject(s):. Maternal Health Services. ... Washington, DC : Clearinghouse on Infant Feeding and Maternal Nutrition, [1990]. Subject(s):. ...

https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/?f%5Bdrep2.isMemberOfCollection%5D%5B%5D=DREPIHM&f%5Bdrep2.language%5D%5B%5D=Spanish&f%5Bdrep2.language%5D%5B%5D=French

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. en_US. dc.subject.mesh. Young Adult. en_US. ... Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. en_US. dc.subject.mesh. Overweight. en_US. ...

https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/handle/10453/117471

"Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena", "type": "DefinedTerm" }, { "inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh ... Effect of maternal cadmium exposure on postnatal development and tissue cadmium, copper and zinc concentrations in rats in ... These results suggest that the observed toxic effects of Cd are, at least in part, mediated by the disruption of maternal Zn ... These results suggest that the observed toxic effects of Cd are, at least in part, mediated by the disruption of maternal Zn ...

https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/s12011-017-0981-7

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. 650 22 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM. Topical term or geographic name as ... two generations at nutritional risk / Anne Marie Coufopoulos and Allan Frederick Hackett -- Life cycle influences and ...

https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-MARCdetail.pl?biblionumber=32109

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. *Obesity/complications. *Oxidative Stress. *Pregnancy. *Triglycerides/metabolism ... Maternal high-fat diet triggers lipotoxicity in the fetal livers of nonhuman primates.. McCurdy CE1, Bishop JM, Williams SM, ... Importantly, reversing the maternal HFD to a low-fat diet during a subsequent pregnancy improved fetal hepatic TG levels and ... Maternal obesity is thought to increase the offsprings risk of juvenile obesity and metabolic diseases; however, the mechanism ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19147984?dopt=Abstract

A maternal confectionery diet during pregnancy that majorly consists of baked and sugary products, combined with a longer ... Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Maternal Perinatal Dietary Patterns Affect Food Allergy Development in Susceptible Infants Yoon Hee Kim 1 , Kyung Won Kim 2 , ... Maternal Perinatal Dietary Patterns Affect Food Allergy Development in Susceptible Infants Yoon Hee Kim et al. J Allergy Clin ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/phgHome.action?action=forward&dbsource=huge&id=174237

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. **Models, Biological. **Nutrition Policy. *Nutritional Status. **Patient ... Pregnancy and Infants' Outcome: Nutritional and Metabolic Implications. Pregnancy is a complex period of human growth, ... This paper summarizes our main conclusions with regards to maternal preconceptional body mass index, gestational weight gain, ... An improved knowledge would help to optimize nutritional recommendations for pregnancy. *Berti, C. ...

https://dzl.de/publikationen/

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena. Health Promotion. Guidelines as Topic. Nutrition Policy. World Health National ... two generations at nutritional risk / Anne Marie Coufopoulos and Allan Frederick Hackett -- Life cycle influences and ...

https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-ISBDdetail.pl?biblionumber=32109

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena (MeSH) * Mice (MeSH) * Mice, Inbred C57BL (MeSH) * Mice, Knockout (MeSH) ... Maternal IGT was associated with glomerular hypertrophy in adult offspring, likely a compensatory response to maintain normal ... Maternal glucose intolerance reduces offspring nephron endowment and increases glomerular volume in adult offspring Academic ... Animal studies report a nephron deficit in offspring exposed to maternal diabetes, yet are limited to models of severe ...

https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/publication110961

Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena (10) * Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena (7) * Iron (7) ... Maternal and Infant Lipid-Based Nutritional Supplementation Increases Height of Ghanaian Children at 4-6 Years Only if the ... Maternal and child factors associated with child body fatness in a Ghanaian cohort. Kumordzie, Sika M; Okronipa, Harriet; ... The impact of maternal supplementation during pregnancy and the first 6 months postpartum on the growth status of the next ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/perinatal/?lang=en&q=au:Adu-Afarwuah,+Seth

An epigenetic phenomenon that is well-documented in humans and may be the first that springs to mind is genomic imprinting, whereby during germ cell development, regulatory regions of certain genes are differentially methylated and expressed depending on whether the gene is inherited from the mother or father ( 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
That grandparental nutrition status has been associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk ( 17 ) hints at the potential capability of nutritional exposure to have epigenetic effects in humans, since only DNA is transmitted in this case. (diabetesjournals.org)
Historically, research has focused on the well-documented decline in reproductive capacity that accompanies old age, especially with increasing maternal age in humans. (isharonline.org)

This publication presents a summary of the most recent evidence on maternal nutrition, the prevention of obesity and noncommunicable disease. (who.int)
These results suggest that a developing fetus is highly vulnerable to excess lipids, independent of maternal diabetes and/or obesity, and that exposure to this may increase the risk of pediatric NAFLD. (nih.gov)
Little appetite for obesity: meta-analysis of the effects of maternal obesogenic diets on offspring food intake and body mass in rodents. (ox.ac.uk)
Relationships of maternal obesity, diabetes, and nutrition during pregnancy with birth weight and in turn relationships between birth weight and risk of obesity and diabetes in later life have long been observed (rev. in 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
The ability of neonatal leptin treatment of these offspring rats to reverse hepatic hypomethylation of PPARA and overexpression and prevent obesity ( 15 ) reinforces evidence for a direct causal pathway of maternal malnutrition → epigenetic fetal modification → obese offspring. (diabetesjournals.org)
the opposite occurs in less developed societies, where in households undergoing nutritional transition, underweight can coexist with obesity. (scielo.br)
The most important determinant factors involved in the increasing obesity prevalence are fetal and infant nutritional conditions (stunting), education and socioeconomic conditions, dietary changes (especially increased total energy intake), and physical inactivity. (scielo.br)
It is important to point out that of all the risk factors associated with mortality from NCCD, obesity is the one that has undergone the largest increase and is now the main nutritional disease in most Latin American countries (Uauy et al. (scielo.br)
1998, 2000) reviewed national surveys conducted from 1982 onward to assess maternal and child obesity in Latin America. (scielo.br)
This will create the conditions for natural delivery of a bouncing baby while reducing considerably, the likelihood of still birth, premature babies, maternal death among other defects and congenital disorders such as metabolic, neural and autoimmune diseases such as autism, Down s syndrome and childhood obesity. (ghananewsagency.org)

Dietary vitamin B12 restriction increased body weight but decreased LBM% and FFM% but not the percent of tissue associated fat (TAF%) in dams.Maternal B12R decreased LBM% and FFM% in the male offspring, but their TAF%, basal and insulin stimulated glucose uptake by diaphragm were unaltered.B12R offspring had increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant status. (nih.gov)
Excessive iron consumption during pregnancy can lead to increased oxidative stress in the maternal body, which may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes. (cdc.gov)
This confirms the link between maternal anemia and oxidative stress. (scirp.org)

Maternal and paternal depression and anxiety: their relationship with mother-infant interactions at 3 months. (bioportfolio.com)
maternal distress, infant functional problems, and relationship difficulties. (bioportfolio.com)
A 2007 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) review by Ip and colleagues evaluated the evidence on the association between breastfeeding and infant and maternal health outcomes. (ahrq.gov)
Infant plasma trans, n-6, and n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids are related to maternal plasma fatty acids, length of gestation, and bi. (nih.gov)
We determined the associations of birth outcome with maternal and infant plasma concentrations of TFAs, CLAs, AA, and DHA. (nih.gov)
Washington, D.C.] : Clearinghouse on Infant Feeding and Maternal Nutrition, [1991? (nih.gov)
A key influence on the infant diet is the quality of the maternal diet. (ox.ac.uk)
1) Environmental and nutritional effects on reproduction using sheep models of human exposure and the dog as a sentinel species for the human, particularly the human infant. (nottingham.ac.uk)
18.5) also have better histories of maternal and infant nutrition (Naidu et al. (fao.org)
The Effect of Maternal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Female Early Infant Mortality Is Fully Mediated by Increased Gestation Duration and Intrauterine Growth. (parker.edu)

Higher-dose supplementation is needed to improve maternal and neonatal vitamin D nutriture. (nih.gov)
Impact of nutrient supplementation on maternal nutrition and child growth and development in Sub-Saharan Africa: the case of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements. (bvsalud.org)
However, the influence of the variables maternal age, gestational age, biochemical nutritional status in alpha-tocopherol, and maternal supplementation with vitamin E had conflicting results in the literature. (bvsalud.org)
If shown to reduce the risk of viral ARI in infancy, integration of maternal prenatal/postpartum vitamin D supplementation into antenatal care programs in South Asia may be a feasible primary preventive strategy to reduce the burden of ARI-associated morbidity and mortality in young infants. (unboundmedicine.com)
The placental epigenome regulates processes that affect placental and fetal development, and could be mediating some of the reported effects of maternal choline supplementation (MCS) on placental vascular development and nutrient delivery. (mdpi.com)
Treatment effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation vary by percentiles of the birth weight distribution in rural Nepal. (parker.edu)
Routine iron supplementation during pregnancy is a worldwide practice among strategies to prevent the burden of maternal anemia. (scirp.org)
Caloric restriction, a cornerstone of treatment for other forms of diabetes, is relatively contraindicated because of the need for aggressive nutritional supplementation in CF patients. (thefreedictionary.com)

This review will address the new concepts on the maternal diet induced-cardiometabolic diseases that include the potential role of the perinatal malnutrition. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, this review will address the new concepts about the involvement of the maternal protein malnutrition and overnutrition on the development of the cardiometabolic diseases. (frontiersin.org)

Chronic maternal vitamin B12 restriction induced changes in body composition & glucose metabolism in the Wistar rat offspring are partly correctable by rehabilitation. (nih.gov)
We studied the effects of chronic maternal dietary vitamin B12 restriction on lean body mass (LBM), fat free mass (FFM), muscle function, glucose tolerance and metabolism in Wistar rat offspring. (nih.gov)
It is a complex phenomenon, influenced not only by maternal physiological and metabolic changes but also by placental metabolism 1 1. (scielosp.org)
It has been shown that both maternal protein restriction and overnutrition alter the central and peripheral control of arterial pressure and metabolism. (frontiersin.org)
These results suggest that the observed toxic effects of Cd are, at least in part, mediated by the disruption of maternal Zn metabolism during pregnancy leading to Zn depletion and thus to perturbation of prenatal bone formation. (springernature.com)
BACKGROUND: There is increasing recognition that maternal effects contribute to variation in individual food intake and metabolism. (ox.ac.uk)
Nevertheless, we found an effect on offspring body weight, consistent with permanent alterations of offspring metabolism in response to maternal diet. (ox.ac.uk)
The effects of intrauterine environment on offspring adiposity and metabolism appear to be mediated by clear physiological mechanisms and do not seem likely to require an epigenetic mechanism. (diabetesjournals.org)
Metabolomics is newly developing field studying the products and effects of the metabolism on the pathological and physiological states within biological samples. (wikibooks.org)

Maternal under-nutrition increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases. (nih.gov)
A large body of evidence from human and animal studies demonstrates that the maternal diet during pregnancy can programme physiological and metabolic functions in the developing fetus, effectively determining susceptibility to later disease. (plos.org)
Whilst models of programming of physiological and metabolic function are well-characterized, the underlying mechanisms involved remain unresolved [8] . (plos.org)
Regardless, there is documented evidence in mammals (rev. in 1 ) that maternal exposures such as nutrition status can influence metabolic phenotypes through epigenetic changes. (diabetesjournals.org)
BACKGROUND: A link between early mismatched nutritional environment and development of components of the metabolic syndrome later in life has been shown in epidemiological and animal data. (uclouvain.be)
The use of early nutritional stimuli to program metabolic pathways in fish is ill defined. (biologists.org)
Important research work was undertaken to establish the role of carbohydrates at a metabolic and physiological level in fish ( Panserat and Kaushik, 2010 ). (biologists.org)
Physiological changes in pregnant women lead to an increase in energy requirements (ER) in order to cover the cost of tissue synthesis, lipid and protein deposits, and increase in basal metabolic rate (BMR), which is the major component of energy expenditure during pregnancy 1 . (isciii.es)
Her research focus is pregnancy and foetal development and the role that the nutritional environment, before conception and during the early stages of gestation, plays determining cardiovascular and metabolic health in later life. (nhmrc.gov.au)
In animal models, intrauterine exposure to maternal undernourishment affects the expression of multiple genes involved in different metabolic pathways. (nature.com)
Nutritional manipulations during fetal growth may induce long-term metabolic effects in postnatal life. (biomedcentral.com)

The aim of this study was to investigate how administration of IGF-I and IGF-II, during early to mid pregnancy, affects maternal growth and body composition as well as fetal and placental growth, in ad libitum fed, and in moderately, chronically food restricted guinea pigs. (edu.au)
Maternal organ weights, fetal and placental weights were assessed. (edu.au)
In conclusion, treatment with IGF-I during the first half of pregnancy stimulates placental growth in both ad libitum fed and food restricted guinea pigs without affecting maternal growth while fetal growth is stimulated by IGF treatment only in ad libitum fed animals. (edu.au)
This paper summarizes our main conclusions with regards to maternal preconceptional body mass index, gestational weight gain, placental and fetal requirements in relation to adverse pregnancy and long-term outcomes of the fetus (nutritional programming). (dzl.de)
The present study examined the maternal plasma concentrations of a number of putative endocrine regulators of nutrient partitioning between the maternal and fetal compartments in relation to placental and fetal growth in this novel experimental paradigm. (unboundmedicine.com)
These results suggest that in pregnant adolescent sheep on high dietary intakes, elevated insulin and IGF-I levels ensure that the anabolic drive to maternal tissue synthesis is established during early gestation at the expense of placental growth. (unboundmedicine.com)
These miRNAs of placental origin can be detected in maternal peripheral blood. (labome.org)
A substantial body of evidence suggests that a poor intrauterine milieu elicited by maternal nutritional disturbance, including maternal diabetes or placental insufficiency, may programme susceptibility in the fetus to later development of glucose intolerance and diabetes. (uclouvain.be)
These data demonstrate that the placental epigenome is responsive to maternal choline intake during murine pregnancy and likely mediates some of the previously described choline-induced effects on placental and fetal outcomes. (mdpi.com)
Maternal weight and body composition during pregnancy are associated with placental and birth weight in rural Bangladesh. (parker.edu)

Animal models including intrauterine artery ligation, maternal restriction of iron, protein or general caloric intake, provide invaluable tools to understand mechanisms linking early growth and later diseases in adult life. (isharonline.org)
Parent-of-origin effects can also include mitochondrial genome inheritance, which only occurs through the maternal line, and maternal effects on the intrauterine environment ( 10 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Vitamin A maternal dietary intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. (bvsalud.org)
In the Maternal Vitamin D for ARI in Infancy (MDARI) sub-study nested within the MDIG trial, trained personnel conduct weekly postnatal home visits to inquire about ARI symptoms and conduct a standardized clinical assessment. (unboundmedicine.com)
Low maternal vitamin D status and fetal bone development: cohort study. (ox.ac.uk)
Recent findings suggest that maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy has consequences for the offspring's bone health in later life. (ox.ac.uk)
To investigate whether maternal vitamin D insufficiency affects fetal femur growth in ways similar to those seen in childhood rickets and study the timing during gestation of any effect of maternal vitamin D status, we studied 424 pregnant women within a prospective longitudinal study of maternal nutrition and lifestyle before and during pregnancy (Southampton Women's Survey). (ox.ac.uk)
Our observations suggest that maternal vitamin D insufficiency can influence fetal femoral development as early as 19 weeks' gestation. (ox.ac.uk)
This suggests that measures to improve maternal vitamin D status should be instituted in early pregnancy. (ox.ac.uk)
DNA methylation, insulin resistance, and blood pressure in offspring determined by maternal periconceptional B vitamin and methionine status. (nottingham.ac.uk)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between maternal pregnancy dietary and supplement iron intake and hemoglobin, with offspring's arterial stiffness (measured by carotid-radial pulse wave velocity), endothelial function (measured by brachial artery flow mediated dilatation), blood pressure, and adiposity (measured by body mass index), test for mediation by cord ferritin, birth weight, gestational age, and child dietary iron intake, and for effect modification by maternal vitamin C intake and offspring sex. (isharonline.org)

for other outcomes (e.g., postpartum depression) the relationship between breastfeeding and improved maternal health was unclear. (ahrq.gov)
Maternal prepregnant and postpartum weight was collected from questionnaires at 17th week of gestation and 6 and 18 months postpartum. (arctichealth.org)
In postpartum dairy cows, pathologic ovarian phenomena including ovulatory (cystic corpora lutea) and non-ovulatory (follicular and luteal cysts) forms frequently occur causing decreased fertility. (scirp.org)

Data are adjusted for child's gestational age at birth, as well as maternal height, education, parity, and age at child's birth. (nih.gov)
Short Maternal Stature Increases Risk of Small-for-Gestational-Age and Preterm Births in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis and Population Attributable Fraction. (parker.edu)

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of low birth weight and their respective associa-tions with gestational and maternal factors in the Municipal-ity of Buriticupu-MA. (bvsalud.org)
Based originally on the observation that birth weight associated with the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease [7] , significant support for its relevance has been provided by the re-creation of this phenomenon in a wide range of animal models [6] . (plos.org)

High glucose levels throughout gestation and a decreased response to an exogenous insulin challenge on day 95 of gestation implied a degree of insulin resistance in the RMG group but, in spite of these high maternal glucose concentrations, the reduced size of the placenta probably constrained fetal growth. (unboundmedicine.com)

Experimental studies indicate that fetal exposure to an adverse maternal environment may alter the morphology and physiology that contribute to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Cd exposure induced maternal hypozincemia and Zn depletion in the femur of the fetuses. (springernature.com)
We aimed to assess renal morphology and function in offspring of leptin receptor deficient mice (Leprdb /+) and hypothesized that exposure to impaired maternal glucose tolerance (IGT) would be detrimental to the developing kidney.Nephron endowment was assessed in offspring of C57BKS/J Leprdb /+ and +/+ mice at embryonic day (E)18 and postnatal day (PN)21 using design-based stereology. (edu.au)
CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to maternal obesogenic diets in early life is not likely to result in a substantial change in offspring appetite. (ox.ac.uk)
BACKGROUND: The maternal environment and early life exposure affect immune development in offspring. (uu.nl)
The most commonly used animal models involve a prenatal nutrient imbalance, which can be induced by a global reduction in overall maternal food intake or by protein restriction in an isocaloric diet, or glucocorticoid exposure. (nature.com)

These associations were independent of the significant association between maternal energy and macronutrient intakes during pregnancy and adolescent intakes at 16 years of age. (ox.ac.uk)
and the strength of the association between maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and exclusive breastfeeding. (who.int)
CONCLUSION: There was no evidence of association between maternal pregnancy dietary iron intake, or maternal hemoglobin concentration (which is less likely to be biased by subjective reporting) with offspring outcomes. (isharonline.org)
There was a modest inverse association between maternal iron supplement intake during pregnancy with offspring systolic blood pressure at 10 years. (isharonline.org)

In addition, the rodent model of maternal protein restriction has revealed that longevity can be influenced either positively or negatively by early growth patterns. (isharonline.org)
Animal studies report a nephron deficit in offspring exposed to maternal diabetes, yet are limited to models of severe hyperglycaemia which do not reflect the typical clinical condition and which are associated with foetal growth restriction that may confound nephron endowment. (edu.au)
The aim of this study was to evaluate genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression in the livers of newborn rats exposed to maternal protein restriction. (plos.org)
The data showed that maternal protein restriction is associated with widespread differential gene expression and DNA methylation across the genome, and that folic acid is able to reset both molecular signatures. (plos.org)
Altobelli G, Bogdarina IG, Stupka E, Clark AJL, Langley-Evans S (2013) Genome-Wide Methylation and Gene Expression Changes in Newborn Rats following Maternal Protein Restriction and Reversal by Folic Acid. (plos.org)
Postnatal length and weight growth velocities and their associated perinatal factors in healthy late preterm infants without restriction of neonatal complications and nutritional problems have not been widely studied. (springer.com)

Results: The variables that conditioned low birth weight were: maternal age, maternal schooling, sex of the baby, place of birth, type of delivery and prenatal consultations. (bvsalud.org)
participaron en el estudio 42 adolescentes de 13-19 años, con gestación de feto único, asistidas en las unidades públicas de atención prenatal entre 2008 y 2014. (isciii.es)

These physiological changes promote the formation and development of amniotic fluid and placenta, increased blood volume, adipose tissue and fetus, and uterine and mammary growth 1 1. (scielosp.org)

Carotenoids and egg quality in the lesser blackbacked gull Larus fuscus: a supplemental feeding study of maternal effects. (biomedsearch.com)
Our results suggest that carotenoids could be one resource responsible for egg quality maternal effects in birds. (biomedsearch.com)
Intervention effects on dietary intake among children by maternal education level: results of the Copenhagen School Child Intervention Study (CoSCIS). (naver.com)
Moreover, imprinting is not the only example of the phenomenon of parent-of-origin effects, whereby the sex of the parent influences what genes are expressed and in turn the risk for diabetes and related conditions. (diabetesjournals.org)
There are well-characterized examples whereby maternal genes appear to influence diabetes risk via both inheritance of maternal genetic variants and effects of the maternal genetics in creating a hyperglycemic in utero environment. (diabetesjournals.org)
Ongoing research is addressing the hypothesis that maternal nutritional effects in developing oocytes and embryos, and procedures used in assisted reproduction, can program fetal development and adult health via heritable epigenetic changes to DNA methylation at specific gene loci in the oocyte and pre-implantation embryo. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on child and maternal health. (worldcat.org)
I thought you might be interested in this item at http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62054888 Title: Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on child and maternal health. (worldcat.org)
Food aversions and cravings during pregnancy are known all over the world [1,2], but despite their ubiquity, neither their causes nor their ultimate effects on maternal nutrition have been well established scientifically. (unu.edu)
Environmental and nutritional effects on reproduction. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Mechanistic understanding of these phenomena requires animal models to study the effects of nutrient availability on developmental physiology. (genetics.org)
Most animal nutritionists probably never realised that amino acids, besides the nutritional properties, also have other effects. (allaboutfeed.net)
The Dutch famine during the Second World War provides an excellent example of the effects of maternal nutritional status on foetal outcome (Stein et al. (fao.org)

Research on Mother-Baby Units (MBUs) has mainly focused on maternal psychiatric outcomes, not the well-being of infants. (bioportfolio.com)
Inadequate pre-gestational or gestational nutritional status and inadequate weight gain during pregnancy are associated with poor reproductive outcomes for both the pregnant woman and the baby 2 2. (scielosp.org)
Maternal anthropometry and pregnancy outcomes: a WHO collaborative study. (scielosp.org)
2 For maternal health outcomes, they concluded that a history of breastfeeding (compared with no breastfeeding or a shorter duration of breastfeeding) was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and breast and ovarian cancer. (ahrq.gov)

Maternal low-protein diet causes epigenetic deregulation of HMGCR and CYP7?1 in the liver of weaning piglets. (labome.org)

However, the physiological mechanisms that underlie this maternal effect are poorly understood. (biomedsearch.com)
Nevertheless, several biological and physiological mechanisms related to nutritive requirements together with their transfer and utilization across the placenta are still poorly understood. (dzl.de)
We conclude that there is an urgent need to develop further human investigations aimed at better understanding of the basis of biochemical mechanisms and pathophysiological events related to maternal-fetal nutrition and offspring health. (dzl.de)
In spite of long history studies of this phenomenon, demographic mechanisms of population cyclicity remain insufficiently understood. (frontiersin.org)
To understand the peculiarities of self-regulatory mechanisms in population dynamics, it is important to evaluate the heritability of life history traits as well as their dependence on seasonal and maternal environment. (frontiersin.org)
Further postdoctoral placements at the University of Edinburgh, UK enabled Dr Lea to extend his work into endocrine and immune influences on human uterine cells after which he took up a tenured post at the Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, UK where he focussed on nutritional influences on intra-uterine 'immuno-endocrine' mechanisms essential for fetal development using both rodent and sheep models. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Nutritional physiology of children from birth to 2 years of age. (bioportfolio.com)
Nutritional physiology of animals. (bioportfolio.com)
Nutritional physiology of children aged 13-18 years. (bioportfolio.com)
Nutritional physiology of children aged 2-12 years. (bioportfolio.com)
This phenomenon can be understood in the context of phenotypic plasticity and it refers to the ability of an organism to react to both an internal and external environmental inputs with a change in the form, state, physiology, or rate of activity without genetic changes ( West-Eberhard, 2005b ). (frontiersin.org)

Maternal variables parity, anthropometric nutritional status, socioeconomic status, and habitual dietary intake did not appear to affect the alpha-tocopherol levels in milk. (bvsalud.org)
No significant association was found between maternal dietary intake and lean mass in adolescents. (ox.ac.uk)
to evaluate the adequacy of dietary intake and the anthropometric nutritional status of pregnant adolescents in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (isciii.es)

Maternal gene expression profiling during pregnancy and preeclampsia in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (naver.com)
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among GST gene expression, maternal iron intake during pregnancy, and neonatal birth weight. (cdc.gov)
mRNA expression is well characterized during arrest, recovery, and normal L1 development, providing a metazoan model for nutritional control of gene expression. (genetics.org)

Effect of undernutrition on the uterine environment during maternal recognition of pregnancy in sheep. (biomedsearch.com)
Besides, environmental conditions during perinatal development such as maternal undernutrition or overnutrition can program changes in the integration among physiological systems leading to cardiometabolic diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy impairs foetal growth. (fao.org)

1975). A study in South India attempted to relate maternal anthropometry with birth weight in 1,642 live births (Kapur et al. (fao.org)
Maternal Night Blindness during Pregnancy Is Associated with Low Birthweight, Morbidity, and Poor Growth in South India. (parker.edu)

Maternal dietary protein induces opposite myofiber type transition in Meishan pigs at weaning and finishing stages. (labome.org)
These patterns, which reflect wide variations in weaning practice, are associated with maternal and family characteristics. (ox.ac.uk)

Male lifespan correlated negatively with maternal age, parity, and litter size, whereas female lifespan did not correlate with these characteristics. (frontiersin.org)

Maternal B12R decreased LBM% and FFM% in the male offspring, but their TAF%, basal and insulin stimulated glucose uptake by diaphragm were unaltered. (nih.gov)

Characteristic is the way in which breast-feeding condenses so many meanings--nutritional, medical and moral--into one act. (isharonline.org)

In contrast to HNF1A , GCK mutations have been found not to have a maternal-specific effect on future glucose tolerance, apparently due to the lack of a role of GCK mutations in β-cell dysfunction ( 13 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Conversely, higher maternal meat intake during pregnancy may increase FM in adolescents. (ox.ac.uk)

It has previously been reported that high nutrient intakes which promote rapid maternal growth throughout pregnancy are associated with poor pregnancy outcome when compared with normally growing adolescent animals. (unboundmedicine.com)

Researchers who believe that craving is physiological argue that it is a mechanism to protect the foetus and the mother from nutrient deficiencies [6] and suggest that craving is triggered when a deficiency in one or more nutrients arises. (unu.edu)
The sheep foetus we can access and we can have a readout, if you will, from the foetus about its behavioural state, about its developmental stages, its hormonal, its nutrient environment, so we can understand the impact of poor nutritional support for the foetus on how the foetus adapts to that whilst it's in the womb. (nhmrc.gov.au)

Mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT), and weight measurements were used to assess nutritional status. (unu.edu)
05), whereas there was no difference in nutritional status between women who craved foods and those who did not. (unu.edu)
A low BMI status, indicative of CED, is a particularly important aspect of the nutritional risk of women in a community during the reproductive years. (fao.org)
Body mass index (BMI) was used to assess the nutritional status. (isciii.es)
As DHM is becoming a common nutritional intervention for high risk PI, the antioxidant status of preterm and DHM and potential ways to preserve its antioxidant capacity may merit further investigation. (hindawi.com)

Maternal HFD feeding during pregnancy and the perinatal period increases offspring adiposity and liver TG levels. (nih.gov)

Potential role of maternal serum microRNAs as a biomarker for fetal congenital heart defects. (labome.org)

No relationship was found between maternal iron intake and birth weight for the GSTT1 polymorphism. (cdc.gov)

however, the mechanism(s) whereby excess maternal nutrition affects fetal development remain poorly understood. (nih.gov)

Developmental origins of cardiometabolic diseases have been related to maternal nutritional conditions. (frontiersin.org)

The sense of smell is a complex system, including physiological and biochemical actors. (allaboutfeed.net)

18,19 Sociodemographic factors associated with an increased likelihood of breastfeeding initiation and continuation include older maternal age, being married, Asian or white race, Hispanic ethnicity, higher maternal education, and access to private insurance. (ahrq.gov)
Maternal factors had a differential effect on males and females with respect to lifespan. (frontiersin.org)

low protein content in the maternal chow can have opposite effect. (ox.ac.uk)
There were also positive associations between maternal energy intake (per 1000 kJ/day), fat (per 10 g/d) and protein (per 10 g/day) intake and offspring's FM (an increase of 1.3%), but these became borderline after adjustment for confounders. (ox.ac.uk)

Maternal diet, breastfeeding and adolescent body composition: a 16-year prospective study. (ox.ac.uk)

As part of ongoing longitudinal follow-up study of growth and development of preterm infants in Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital in China, 599 healthy late preterm infants without neonatal complications and nutritional problems were sampled from 795 preterm infants born in January 2014 to April 2017. (springer.com)

For example, many experimental studies on model animals have reported the effect of a maternal obesogenic diet during pregnancy on the appetite of offspring. (ox.ac.uk)

Organisms2

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Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

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Phenomena and Processes34

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Implication of maternal nitrogen balance in the regulation of circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I in human pregnancy. (1/608)

Adult growth hormone treatment reduces hypertension and obesity induced by an adverse prenatal environment. (2/608)

Gender-specific programming of insulin secretion and action. (3/608)

Gender-linked hypertension in offspring of lard-fed pregnant rats. (4/608)

Renal function and angiotensin AT1 receptor expression in young rats following intrauterine exposure to a maternal low-protein diet. (5/608)

Maternal undernutrition from early- to mid-gestation leads to growth retardation, cardiac ventricular hypertrophy, and increased liver weight in the fetal sheep. (6/608)

Do low-income lone mothers compromise their nutrition to feed their children? (7/608)

Does the interaction between maternal folate intake and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms affect the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate? (8/608)

Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Dental Physiological Phenomena

Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena

Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena

Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena

Integumentary System Physiological Phenomena

Reproductive Physiological Phenomena

Physiological Phenomena

Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena

Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena

Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Virus Physiological Phenomena

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Digestive System Physiological Phenomena

Blood Physiological Phenomena

Ocular Physiological Phenomena

Nervous System Physiological Phenomena

Cell Physiological Phenomena

Respiratory Physiological Phenomena

Skin Physiological Phenomena

Plant Physiological Phenomena

Bacterial Physiological Phenomena

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena

Eating

Feeding Behavior

Diet

Food

Pregnancy

Consciousness

Food Preferences

Vitamin D Deficiency

Vitamin D

Cholecalciferol

Vitamins

Calcifediol

Sunlight

Prevalence

Charadriiformes

Eggs

Food Quality

Carotenoids

Xanthophylls

Chiroptera

Lutein

Implication of maternal nitrogen balance in the regulation of circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I in human pregnancy. (1/608)

Adult growth hormone treatment reduces hypertension and obesity induced by an adverse prenatal environment. (2/608)

Gender-specific programming of insulin secretion and action. (3/608)

Gender-linked hypertension in offspring of lard-fed pregnant rats. (4/608)

Renal function and angiotensin AT1 receptor expression in young rats following intrauterine exposure to a maternal low-protein diet. (5/608)

Maternal undernutrition from early- to mid-gestation leads to growth retardation, cardiac ventricular hypertrophy, and increased liver weight in the fetal sheep. (6/608)

Do low-income lone mothers compromise their nutrition to feed their children? (7/608)

Does the interaction between maternal folate intake and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms affect the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate? (8/608)

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Authors at Oakland 2011 - Kresge Library - Oakland University