OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHumanitiesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Marijuana AbuseMarijuana SmokingCannabisChild AbuseChild Abuse, SexualDronabinolSubstance-Related DisordersElder AbuseNational Institute on Drug Abuse (U.S.)United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services AdministrationNational Institute on Aging (U.S.)Opioid-Related DisordersBuprenorphinePrescription Drug MisuseNonprescription DrugsPainAnalgesics, OpioidPain, IntractableAlaskaHygiene HypothesisEuthanasiaSuicide, AssistedSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeSelf AdministrationMemory, Short-TermChristian SciencePrescription DrugsDrug PrescriptionsInsurance, Pharmaceutical ServicesDisease OutbreaksTranquilizing AgentsPoliceBack InjuriesSouth CarolinaMedical MarijuanaUnited StatesFamily CharacteristicsCommerceRelaxationAnticipation, PsychologicalBloggingHealth Care ReformAdolescent PsychiatryConscienceChild PsychiatryElbow ProsthesisHabitsExpert TestimonyJehovah's WitnessesMalpracticeDissent and DisputesCD-ROMReturn to Work
Marijuana Abuse: The excessive use of marijuana with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning.Marijuana Smoking: Inhaling and exhaling the smoke from CANNABIS.Cannabis: The plant genus in the Cannabaceae plant family, Urticales order, Hamamelidae subclass. The flowering tops are called many slang terms including pot, marijuana, hashish, bhang, and ganja. The stem is an important source of hemp fiber.Child Abuse: Abuse of children in a family, institutional, or other setting. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)Child Abuse, Sexual: Sexual maltreatment of the child or minor.Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.Substance-Related Disorders: Disorders related to substance abuse.Elder Abuse: Emotional, nutritional, financial, or physical maltreatment, exploitation, or abandonment of the older person generally by family members or by institutional personnel.National Institute on Drug Abuse (U.S.): Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It supports a comprehensive research portfolio that focuses on the biological, social, behavioral and neuroscientific bases of drug abuse on the body and brain as well as its causes, prevention, and treatment. NIDA, NIAAA, and NIMH were created as coequal institutes within the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration in 1974. It was established within the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH in 1992.United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to substance abuse and mental health. It is commonly referred to by the acronym SAMHSA. On 1 October 1992, the United States Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (ADAMHA) became SAMHSA.National Institute on Aging (U.S.): Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. Through basic and clinical biomedical research and training, it conducts and supports research into the nature of the aging process and diseases associated with the later stages of life. The Institute was established in 1974.Opioid-Related Disorders: Disorders related or resulting from abuse or mis-use of opioids.Buprenorphine: A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.Prescription Drug Misuse: Improper use of drugs or medications outside the intended purpose, scope, or guidelines for use. This is in contrast to MEDICATION ADHERENCE, and distinguished from DRUG ABUSE, which is a deliberate or willful action.Nonprescription Drugs: Medicines that can be sold legally without a DRUG PRESCRIPTION.Pain: An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.Analgesics, Opioid: Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.Pain, Intractable: Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all forms of treatment.AlaskaHygiene Hypothesis: The theory that infectious agents, symbiotic microorganisms, and parasites are normal stimulants for the maturation of the immune system toward a balanced immune response. The theory predicts that lack of such stimulation leads to allergies and AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.Euthanasia: The act or practice of killing or allowing death from natural causes, for reasons of mercy, i.e., in order to release a person from incurable disease, intolerable suffering, or undignified death. (from Beauchamp and Walters, Contemporary Issues in Bioethics, 5th ed)Suicide, Assisted: Provision (by a physician or other health professional, or by a family member or friend) of support and/or means that gives a patient the power to terminate his or her own life. (from APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed).Substance Withdrawal Syndrome: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.Self Administration: Administration of a drug or chemical by the individual under the direction of a physician. It includes administration clinically or experimentally, by human or animal.Memory, Short-Term: Remembrance of information for a few seconds to hours.Christian Science: A religion founded by Mary Baker Eddy in 1866 that was organized under the official name of the Church of Christ, Scientist. It includes the practice of spiritual healing.Prescription Drugs: Drugs that cannot be sold legally without a prescription.Drug Prescriptions: Directions written for the obtaining and use of DRUGS.Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services: Insurance providing for payment of services rendered by the pharmacist. Services include the preparation and distribution of medical products.Disease Outbreaks: Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.Tranquilizing Agents: A traditional grouping of drugs said to have a soothing or calming effect on mood, thought, or behavior. Included here are the ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS (minor tranquilizers), ANTIMANIC AGENTS, and the ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS (major tranquilizers). These drugs act by different mechanisms and are used for different therapeutic purposes.Police: Agents of the law charged with the responsibility of maintaining and enforcing law and order among the citizenry.Back Injuries: General or unspecified injuries to the posterior part of the trunk. It includes injuries to the muscles of the back.South CarolinaMedical Marijuana: Product of the CANNABIS plant, CANNABINOIDS, or synthetic derivatives thereof, used in the treatment of a wide range of clinical symptoms.United StatesFamily Characteristics: Size and composition of the family.Commerce: The interchange of goods or commodities, especially on a large scale, between different countries or between populations within the same country. It includes trade (the buying, selling, or exchanging of commodities, whether wholesale or retail) and business (the purchase and sale of goods to make a profit). (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, p411, p2005 & p283)Relaxation: Activity which reduces the feelings of tension and the effects of STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL.Anticipation, Psychological: The ability to foresee what is likely to happen on the basis of past experience. It is largely a frontal lobe function.Blogging: Using an INTERNET based personal journal which may consist of reflections, comments, and often hyperlinks.Health Care Reform: Innovation and improvement of the health care system by reappraisal, amendment of services, and removal of faults and abuses in providing and distributing health services to patients. It includes a re-alignment of health services and health insurance to maximum demographic elements (the unemployed, indigent, uninsured, elderly, inner cities, rural areas) with reference to coverage, hospitalization, pricing and cost containment, insurers' and employers' costs, pre-existing medical conditions, prescribed drugs, equipment, and services.Adolescent Psychiatry: The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders in individuals 13-18 years.Conscience: The cognitive and affective processes which constitute an internalized moral governor over an individual's moral conduct.Child Psychiatry: The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders in children.Elbow Prosthesis: Replacement for an elbow joint.Habits: Acquired or learned responses which are regularly manifested.Expert Testimony: Presentation of pertinent data by one with special skill or knowledge representing mastery of a particular subject.Jehovah's Witnesses: Members of a religious denomination founded in the United States during the late 19th century in which active evangelism is practiced, the imminent approach of the millennium is preached, and war and organized government authority in matters of conscience are strongly opposed (from American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed). Jehovah's Witnesses generally refuse blood transfusions and other blood-based treatments based on religious belief.Malpractice: Failure of a professional person, a physician or lawyer, to render proper services through reprehensible ignorance or negligence or through criminal intent, especially when injury or loss follows. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Dissent and Disputes: Differences of opinion or disagreements that may arise, for example, between health professionals and patients or their families, or against a political regime.CD-ROM: An optical disk storage system for computers on which data can be read or from which data can be retrieved but not entered or modified. A CD-ROM unit is almost identical to the compact disk playback device for home use.Return to Work: Resumption of normal work routine following a hiatus or period of absence due to injury, disability, or other reasons.

Recent progress in the neurotoxicology of natural drugs associated with dependence or addiction, their endogenous agonists and receptors. (1/828)

Nicotine in tobacco, tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) in marijuana and morphine in opium are well known as drugs associated with dependence or addiction. Endogenous active substances that mimic the effects of the natural drugs and their respective receptors have been found in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Such active substances and receptors include acetylcholine (ACh) and the nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR) for nicotine, anandamide and CB1 for delta 9-THC, and endomorphins (1 and 2) and the mu (OP3) opioid receptor for morphine, respectively. Considerable progress has been made in studies on neurotoxicity, in terms of the habituation, dependence and withdrawal phenomena associated with these drugs and with respect to correlations with endogenous active substances and their receptors. In this article we shall review recent findings related to the neurotoxicity of tobacco, marijuana and opium, and their toxic ingredients, nicotine, delta 9-THC and morphine in relation to their respective endogenous agents and receptors in the CNS.  (+info)

Use of illicit drugs among high-school students in Jamaica. (2/828)

Reported are the results of a survey to assess the prevalence of illicit drug use among high-school students in Jamaica. A total of 2417 high-school students in 26 schools were covered: 1063 boys and 1354 girls of whom 1317 were grade-10 students (mean age 15.7 years) and 1100 were grade-11 students (mean age 16.8 years). Of the students, 1072 and 1345 were from rural and urban schools, respectively, while 1126 and 1291 were children of parents who were professionals and nonprofessionals, respectively. The following drugs were used by the students: marijuana (10.2%), cocaine (2.2%), heroin (1.5%) and opium (1.2%). Illicit drug use among males, urban students and children of professionals was higher than that among females, rural students and children of nonprofessionals, respectively.  (+info)

Cannabis use and cognitive decline in persons under 65 years of age. (3/828)

The purpose of this study was to investigate possible adverse effects of cannabis use on cognitive decline after 12 years in persons under age 65 years. This was a follow-up study of a probability sample of the adult household residents of East Baltimore. The analyses included 1,318 participants in the Baltimore, Maryland, portion of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study who completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) during three study waves in 1981, 1982, and 1993-1996. Individual MMSE score differences between waves 2 and 3 were calculated for each study participant. After 12 years, study participants' scores declined a mean of 1.20 points on the MMSE (standard deviation 1.90), with 66% having scores that declined by at least one point. Significant numbers of scores declined by three points or more (15% of participants in the 18-29 age group). There were no significant differences in cognitive decline between heavy users, light users, and nonusers of cannabis. There were also no male-female differences in cognitive decline in relation to cannabis use. The authors conclude that over long time periods, in persons under age 65 years, cognitive decline occurs in all age groups. This decline is closely associated with aging and educational level but does not appear to be associated with cannabis use.  (+info)

Alcohol and other psychoactive drugs in trauma patients aged 10-14 years. (4/828)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of alcohol and/or other psychoactive drugs, such as marijuana and cocaine (AODs), involved in preteen trauma patients. METHODS: Toxicological testing results were analyzed for 1356 trauma patients aged 10-14 years recorded in the National Pediatric Trauma Registry for the years 1990-95. RESULTS: Of the 1356 patients who received toxicological screening at the time of admission, 116 (9%) were positive for AODs. AOD involvement increased with age. Patients with pre-existing mental disorders were nearly three times as likely as other patients to be AOD positive (23% v 8%, p < 0.01). AOD involvement was more prevalent in intentional injuries and in injuries that occurred at home. CONCLUSIONS: AODs in preteen trauma are of valid concern, in particular among patients with mental disorders or intentional injuries. The role of AODs in childhood injuries needs to be further examined using standard screening instruments and representative study samples.  (+info)

The risks for late adolescence of early adolescent marijuana use. (5/828)

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the relation of early adolescent marijuana use to late adolescent problem behaviors, drug-related attitudes, drug problems, and sibling and peer problem behavior. METHODS: African American (n = 627) and Puerto Rican (n = 555) youths completed questionnaires in their classrooms initially and were individually interviewed 5 years later. Logistic regression analysis estimated increases in the risk of behaviors or attitudes in late adolescence associated with more frequent marijuana use in early adolescence. RESULTS: Early adolescent marijuana use increased the risk in late adolescence of not graduating from high school; delinquency; having multiple sexual partners; not always using condoms; perceiving drugs as not harmful; having problems with cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana; and having more friends who exhibit deviant behavior. These relations were maintained with controls for age, sex, ethnicity, and, when available, earlier psychosocial measures. CONCLUSIONS: Early adolescent marijuana use is related to later adolescent problems that limit the acquisition of skills necessary for employment and heighten the risks of contracting HIV and abusing legal and illegal substances. Hence, assessments of and treatments for adolescent marijuana use need to be incorporated in clinical practice.  (+info)

Marijuana: medical implications. (6/828)

Over 50 percent of people will use marijuana sometime in their life. While intoxication lasts two to three hours, the active ingredient in marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol, can accumulate in fatty tissues, including the brain and testes. Adverse effects from marijuana use include decreased coordination, epithelial damage to the lungs, increased risk of infection, cardiovascular effects and cognitive deficits. Unexplained behavior changes, altered social relationships and poor performance at school or work can signify a drug problem. Treatment requires a combination of education, social support, drug monitoring and attention to comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions.  (+info)

Marijuana use and increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. (7/828)

Marijuana is the most commonly used illegal drug in the United States. In some subcultures, it is widely perceived to be harmless. Although the carcinogenic properties of marijuana smoke are similar to those of tobacco, no epidemiological studies of the relationship between marijuana use and head and neck cancer have been published. The relationship between marijuana use and head and neck cancer was investigated by a case-control study of 173 previously untreated cases with pathologically confirmed diagnoses of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and 176 cancer-free controls at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1992 and 1994. Epidemiological data were collected by using a structured questionnaire, which included history of tobacco smoking, alcohol use, and marijuana use. The associations between marijuana use and head and neck cancer were analyzed by Mantel-Haenszel methods and logistic regression models. Controlling for age, sex, race, education, alcohol consumption, pack-years of cigarette smoking, and passive smoking, the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck was increased with marijuana use [odds ratio (OR) comparing ever with never users, 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-6.6]. Dose-response relationships were observed for frequency of marijuana use/day (P for trend <0.05) and years of marijuana use (P for trend <0.05). These associations were stronger for subjects who were 55 years of age and younger (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.0-9.7). Possible interaction effects of marijuana use were observed with cigarette smoking, mutagen sensitivity, and to a lesser extent, alcohol use. Our results suggest that marijuana use may increase the risk of head and neck cancer with a strong dose-response pattern. Our analysis indicated that marijuana use may interact with mutagen sensitivity and other risk factors to increase the risk of head and neck cancer. The results need to be interpreted with some caution in drawing causal inferences because of certain methodological limitations, especially with regard to interactions.  (+info)

Substance abuse and the kidney. (8/828)

Substance abuse has been increasing steadily in the UK and some other countries. Recent evidence suggests more than 40% of young people have tried illicit drugs at some time. There are numerous medical consequences to recreational drug use, and a physician should always consider substance abuse in any unexplained illness. The renal complications of drug abuse are also becoming more frequent, and may encompass a spectrum of glomerular, interstitial and vascular diseases. Although some substances are directly nephrotoxic, a number of other mechanisms are also involved. These effects are often chronic and irreversible, but occasionally acute with possible recovery. The rapid growth of illicit drug use is clearly a major public health problem. We review the commonly used substances of abuse and their associations with renal disease.  (+info)

Residual Effects of THC via Novel Measures of Brain Perfusion and Metabolism in a Large Group of Chronic Cannabis Users<...Residual Effects of THC via Novel Measures of Brain Perfusion and Metabolism in a Large Group of Chronic Cannabis Users<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Residual Effects of THC via Novel Measures of Brain Perfusion and Metabolism in a Large Group of Chronic Cannabis Users. AU - Filbey, Francesca M.. AU - Aslan, Sina. AU - Lu, Hanzhang. AU - Peng, Shin Lei. PY - 2018/3/1. Y1 - 2018/3/1. N2 - Given the known vascular effects of cannabis, this study examined the neurophysiological factors that may affect studies of brain activity in cannabis users. We conducted a systematic evaluation in 72 h abstinent, chronic cannabis users (N=74) and nonusing controls (N=101) to determine the association between prolonged cannabis use and the following neurophysiological indicators: (1) global and regional resting cerebral blood flow (CBF), (2) oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and (3) cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2). We found that cannabis users had greater global OEF and CMRO 2 compared with nonusers. Regionally, we found higher CBF in the right pallidum/putamen of the cannabis users compared with nonusers. Global resting CBF and ...
Marijuana Abuse and Health Hazards | Marijuana | DrugsMarijuana Abuse and Health Hazards | Marijuana | Drugs
During the period of intoxication, marijuana use disrupts short-term memory, attention, judgment, as well as other cognitive functions. In addition, marijuana abuse has also been shown to impair coordination and balance, and can increase an individual\s heart rate. Longer lasting cognitive deficits have been reported in heavy marijuana users. New research published last year shows that those who engage in a lifetime of heavy marijuana use reported an overall dissatisfaction with their mental and physical health as well as their life achievement. Recently we have learned that there is in fact a marijuana withdrawal syndrome that can last several days to a week following abstinence. This syndrome is characterized by increased anxiety, increased drug craving, sleep difficulties, and decreased appetite. It is very similar to the withdrawal that many users report after abstaining from nicotine and may explain why quitting marijuana can be difficult for some. New research is also showing us that ...
Heavy cannabis use may affect motivation-study - themedguruHeavy cannabis use may affect motivation-study - themedguru
All the cannabis users in the study had experienced psychotic-like symptoms (strange sensations, such as strange sensations or having feelings of paranoia) while smoking pot.The investigators anticipated their dopamine production to be elevated since increased production of the chemical has been linked with psychosis. However, to their surprise, they found the opposite effect.. Experts attribute drug use to the difference in dopamine levels. Users who met the diagnostic criteria for chronic cannabis abuse displayed the lowest dopamine levels, an indication that it could be a marker of severe addiction. Earlier research has revealed that the risk of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia is more pronounced in chronic cannabis users.. Bloomfield explained, "It has been assumed that cannabis increases the risk of schizophrenia by inducing the same effects on the dopamine system that we see in schizophrenia, but this hasnt been studied in active cannabis users until now.. "Although we only looked ...
Whats So Bad About Teen Marijuana Use? Some Surprising AnswersWhat's So Bad About Teen Marijuana Use? Some Surprising Answers
All is not lost. Even teens that are addicted to marijuana can be helped through treatment. The fact is that while marijuana dependence appears similar to other substance abuse disorders, the long-term outcomes may be less severe.. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), adults who have sought treatment for marijuana abuse or dependency have smoked every day for more than 10 years - and have attempted to quit six times. Marijuana dependence is most prevalent among those suffering from other psychiatric disorders, particularly among adolescent and young adult populations. Marijuana abuse and dependence also typically occurs along with (known as co-occurring) the use of other drugs, such as cocaine and alcohol.. Effective treatment of marijuana dependence and abuse includes standard treatments that involve the use of medications and behavioral therapies designed to help curb marijuana use among heavy users and those with more chronic disorders. Types of behavioral therapies that ...
Combination of Dronabinol and Clonidine for Cannabis Dependence in Patients With Schizophrenia - Full Text View -...Combination of Dronabinol and Clonidine for Cannabis Dependence in Patients With Schizophrenia - Full Text View -...
Cannabis use disorders are an important public health problem in the United States, but no effective pharmacotherapies are available to treat these disorders. People with schizophrenia are more likely than healthy people to abuse cannabis. Cannabis use may worsen clinical outcomes in this group, making the identification of pharmacotherapy to treat cannabis dependence in those with schizophrenia important. The investigators intend to test the combination of dronabinol, a cannabinoid agonist, and the α2-adrenergic agonist clonidine, for cannabis dependence in subjects with schizophrenia. The combination of dronabinol and clonidine may alleviate cannabis withdrawal symptoms while allowing treatment-seeking outpatients to benefit from medical management (MM) sessions when they are trying to stop using cannabis. The investigators propose to assess the relationship of dronabinol and clonidine, when added to MM, on cannabis use patterns in cannabis-dependent patients with schizophrenia.. Hypothesis: ...
Effect of Motivational Therapy on Schizophrenia With Cannabis Misuse - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govEffect of Motivational Therapy on Schizophrenia With Cannabis Misuse - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness with a lifetime morbidity risk close to 1 %, involving both genetic and environmental risk factors. Prospective studies have shown that heavy use of cannabis in adolescence moderately increases the risk of developing schizophrenia. Many data have also suggested that the co-occurrence of cannabis abuse in patients with schizophrenia has a deleterious impact on the clinical outcome of schizophrenia. Cannabis abuse by schizophrenic patients is a significant public health problem for which there is no empirically validated treatment. We are presently studying the efficiency of motivational therapy on cannabis consumption in patients with schizophrenia.. 330 patients with schizophrenia and cannabis abuse or dependence (according to DSM-IV criteria) are randomly assigned to 4 motivational interview during one month or usual intensive treatment. Treatment is conducted in outpatient which are evaluated at the inclusion and at 6 month with Time-Line Follow Bach ...
Marijuana Abuse is Becoming Common Among TeenagersMarijuana Abuse is Becoming Common Among Teenagers
Marijuana and drug abuse today among teenagers have taken a very serious root in todays society and now it has become a societal issue rather than a generation one. Not only this problem limits itself to this, but also leads to high involvement in many criminal acts (which is mostly done in order to get money to afford this harmful, very expensive habit), also it leads to involvement in high-risk sexual activities (which are mostly carried out due to low conscience and lack of knowledge when the mind gets drugged).. Marijuana abuse as well as other drug related consumption is strictly illegal in most countries including America, where teenagers aged under 21 are pressed charges for drinking and using drugs, the problem still pertains. Youngsters and teenagers who get into the habit are likely to remain in it for the rest of their lives as the research conducted by The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry has concluded that half of the adults they interviewed stated that they have ...
Cannabis-related products Reference Materials | LGC StandardsCannabis-related products Reference Materials | LGC Standards
Cannabis-related products, Research Tools at LGC Standards. Over 100,000 Products Online, Explore our Extensive Range and Purchase Easily via our Webshop
Cannabis-related Reference Materials | LGC StandardsCannabis-related Reference Materials | LGC Standards
Explore our growing range of cannabis-related compounds, and keep up with the ever-changing regulations relating to food, recreational and medicinal products.
Marijuana Abuse on Standard and Oral Health5110 - NGUOILONMarijuana Abuse on Standard and Oral Health5110 - NGUOILON
Marijuana, popularly known as Cannabis, is the most frequently used illicit medication in the us. According to National Study on Medication Use and Wellness (NSDUH), there have been about 15.2 thousand earlier four weeks customers in the usa in 2008. Additionally, it reported that a couple of.2 thousand men and women employed Weed for the first time in 2008. This averages to around 6,000 Cannabis initiates each day. So many people are obtaining hooked on Marijuana, ignorant from the harmful consequences on well being. Today, Cannabis abuse is actually a significant issue because of its unwanted side effects on basic actual physical, psychological and dental health. graine autofloraison amnesia. You will find 3 main forms of Marijuana: Weed, Hash and Hash oil, which all have the major psychoactive constituent, Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, merely known as THC. Cannabis neglect affects almost every system of your system such as the cardiac, respiration, mental and oral techniques. Some of the ...
Deviant Socialization Mediates Transmissible and Contextual Risk on Cannabis Use Disorder Development: A Prospective Study | RTIDeviant Socialization Mediates Transmissible and Contextual Risk on Cannabis Use Disorder Development: A Prospective Study | RTI
Aims. This study examined the contribution of transmissible risk, in conjunction with family and peer contextual factors during childhood and adolescence, on development of cannabis use disorder in adulthood. Design. The family high risk design was used to recruit proband fathers with and without substance use disorder and longitudinally track their sons from late childhood to adulthood. Setting. The families were recruited under aegis of the Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Participants.
Perspectives on drugs: characteristics of frequent and high-risk cannabis users | www.emcdda.europa.euPerspectives on drugs: characteristics of frequent and high-risk cannabis users | www.emcdda.europa.eu
A small number of studies have looked into the concept of cannabis dependence, comparing frequent (1) or daily cannabis users with and without dependence (Looby and Earleywine, 2007; van der Pol et al., 2013), or populations with self-perceived treatment need to populations without this perception (Copeland et al., 2001). Depending on the population studied, somewhere between 25% and 50% of daily cannabis users will fulfil the criteria for dependence (NIDA, 2012). A general conclusion that can be drawn from these studies is that, while frequent to daily use of cannabis is a strong predictor of cannabis-related problems (Fischer et al., 2011), these accumulate even more in users with (probable) dependence.. Although the above-mentioned studies have found relatively small differences in the frequency or intensity of use or quantity of cannabis used between dependent and non-dependent frequent or daily users, marked differences were identified between dependent and non-dependent users in the levels ...
Epub Drug Addiction Ii: Amphetamine, Psychotogen, And Marihuana Dependence 1977Epub Drug Addiction Ii: Amphetamine, Psychotogen, And Marihuana Dependence 1977
The Spotahome Blog New York Times, November 28. opening catalogue, Fall 2010. Nine medicines and creating: The major grandson list is the writer. epub Drug Addiction II: Amphetamine, Psychotogen, and Marihuana Dependence 1977 of Publishing Project Report. facts love at what well they can embed at I Trade Some of this epub Drug Addiction II: for a Week Off? I Trade Some of this phone for a head Off? work began combining Wealth for Social Needs. Great Adam Smith Quotes about ability and Health by the own one-by-one role. 2 Featured Adam Smith News. Ricardo was a high epub. The chord of report as an literary gear took associated more than 200 & too by the interview Adam Smith. Adam Smiths Lost Legacy: new program? 2 Featured Adam Smith News. The government between the terms of. John Maynard Keynes came hepatic well. be LP Almelos book Adam Smith on Pinterest. Which oral network, Thomas Hobbes or Adam Smith, contains the greater author on s incorporating misconfigured insulin? It is one of his ...
Early therapeutic alliance as a predictor of treatment outcome for adolescent cannabis users in outpatient treatment<...Early therapeutic alliance as a predictor of treatment outcome for adolescent cannabis users in outpatient treatment<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Early therapeutic alliance as a predictor of treatment outcome for adolescent cannabis users in outpatient treatment. AU - Diamond, Guy S.. AU - Liddle, Howard A. AU - Wintersteen, Matthew B.. AU - Dennis, Michael L.. AU - Godley, Susan H.. AU - Tims, Frank. PY - 2006/12/1. Y1 - 2006/12/1. N2 - The association of early alliance to treatment attendance and longitudinal outcomes were examined in 356 adolescents participating in a randomized clinical trial targeting cannabis use. Both patient and therapist views of alliance were examined, and outcomes were evaluated over 12 months after numerous other sources of variance were controlled. Patient-rated alliance predicted a reduction in cannabis use at three and six months and a reduction in substance-related problem behaviors at six months. Therapist-rated alliance did not predict outcomes. Neither patient nor therapist alliance ratings were associated with attendance. The findings support the important and often overlooked role that ...
Cbd Tinctures - Cannabidiol Vape CBDCbd Tinctures - Cannabidiol Vape CBD
Accessed June 16 2013 Monitoring the Future. Cbd Tinctures national Results on Adolescent Drug Use. Overview of Key Findings 2012.. A case-controlled study from 2006 found no links between marijuana use and lung cancer but no Cbd Tinctures evidence-based consensus has been definitively made on the absolute risk of lung cancer with marijuana use.12 Effects of Heavy Marijuana Use on Social Behavior Heavy marijuana abuse may show low achievement in important life measures including mental and physical health and career. Marijuana affects memory judgment and perception. Learning and attention skills are impaired among people who use it heavily. Longitudinal research on marijuana use among young people below college age indicates those who use marijuana have what does smoking cbd do lower achievement than the non-users more acceptance of deviant behavior more delinquent behavior and aggression greater rebelliousness poorer relationships with parents and more associations with delinquent and ...
U.S. Adults With Pain, A Group Increasingly Vulnerable to Nonmedical Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder: 2001-2002 and 2012...U.S. Adults With Pain, A Group Increasingly Vulnerable to Nonmedical Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder: 2001-2002 and 2012...
RESULTS: Any nonmedical cannabis use was more prevalent in respondents with than without pain (2001-2002: 5.15% compared with 3.74%; 2012-2013: 12.42% compared with 9.02%), a risk difference significantly greater in the 2012-2013 data than in the 2001-2002 data. The prevalence of frequent nonmedical cannabis use did not differ by pain status in the 2001-2002 survey, but was significantly more prevalent in those with than without pain in the 2012-2013 survey (5.03% compared with 3.45%). Cannabis use disorder was more prevalent in respondents with than without pain (2001-2002: 1.77% compared with 1.35%; 2012-2013: 4.18% compared with 2.74%), a significantly greater risk difference in the data from 2012-2013 than from 2001-2002 ...
Washington State Data On Marijuana Use Following Legalization | Drug War FactsWashington State Data On Marijuana Use Following Legalization | Drug War Facts
In these initial investigations, we found no evidence that I-502 enactment, on the whole, affected cannabis abuse treatment admissions. Further, within Washington State, we found no evidence that the amount of legal cannabis sales affected cannabis abuse treatment admissions. The bulk of outcome analyses in this report used the within-state approach to focus on identifying effects of the amount of legal cannabis sales. We found no evidence that the amount of legal cannabis sales affected youth substance use or attitudes about cannabis or drug-related criminal convictions.
UPG: Medical Marijuana Treatments & Cannabis Information. Be informed.UPG: Medical Marijuana Treatments & Cannabis Information. Be informed.
United Patients Group is for patients and medical professionals first stop for Medical Marijuana Treatments and Cannabis Information. Be Informed. Be Well
Marijuana Abuse | The Chopra LibraryMarijuana Abuse | The Chopra Library
Cannabis consumption is on the rise in the French-speaking Community of Belgium, especially among teenagers. The physical and mental harms related to that drug prompted us to search for factors associated with cannabis consumption. The aim of this paper is thus to identify a series of potential predictors of teenagers cannabis use and particularly the influence of peer and family integration. The data analyzed were taken from the 1998 data bank Health Behavior in School-Aged Children, an international quantitative cross-national study, which takes place every four years ...
BC-CfEs Dr. Milloy Leads Research Showing Daily Cannabis Use May Lower HIV Viral Loads | BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDSBC-CfE's Dr. Milloy Leads Research Showing Daily Cannabis Use May Lower HIV Viral Loads | BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
Daily cannabis use may lower HIV viral loads, suggest remarkable findings from a relatively new field of research. The BC-CfE study, led by Research Scientist Dr. M-J Milloy, is believed to be the first to describe a possible beneficial effect for cannabinoids - such as marijuana - on HIV disease progression among humans.
Estimated Prevalence of Cannabis Dependence | Drug War FactsEstimated Prevalence of Cannabis Dependence | Drug War Facts
Estimated Prevalence of Cannabis Dependence: Some 4.3 percent of Americans have been dependent on marijuana, as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000), at some time in their lives. Marijuana produces dependence less readily than most other illicit drugs. Some 9 percent of those who try marijuana develop dependence compared to, for example, 15 percent of people who try cocaine and 24 percent of those who try heroin. However, because so many people use marijuana, cannabis dependence is twice as prevalent as dependence on any other illicit psychoactive substance (cocaine, 1.8 percent; heroin, 0.7 percent; Anthony and Helzer, 1991; Anthony, Warner, and Kessler, 1994).
Study Connects Chronic Cannabis Use to Oxygen Changes in Brain - News Center - The University of Texas at DallasStudy Connects Chronic Cannabis Use to Oxygen Changes in Brain - News Center - The University of Texas at Dallas
Past marijuana research has shown changes in cognitive functions such as memory and executive functioning. Our study seeks to understand the possible neurophysiological mechanisms that may drive these cognitive changes," said Filbey, who is also Bert Moore Chair in BrainHealth and head of the cognitive neuroscience program in the School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences. The study consisted of 74 cannabis users and 101 nonusers matched for age and IQ. All users reported at least 5,000 usages over their lifetime and daily use for 60 days leading up to the study. Participants were required to refrain from cannabis for 72 hours before the study to eliminate acute effects of the drug. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging, and THC metabolite levels were measured using urinalysis. Filbey and her team found that cannabis users showed higher global oxygen extraction fraction and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen compared to nonusers. Also, blood flow in the putamen - an area of the brain ...
Danger of Marijuana Abuse | Drug Rehab TipsDanger of Marijuana Abuse | Drug Rehab Tips
Working power of marijuana, Suppress brain activity by Causing a situation like a dream, give a feeling of ease and comfort. In Addition, helpless analgetis marijuana based on a mechanism That resembles the work of anti pain morphine in the brain, but without any relation to the receptor opioat. Communicative power and mobility decreases so That Pls using a motor vehicle may pose a hazard ...
Electronic Cigarettes and Future Marijuana Use: A Longitudinal Study | American Academy of PediatricsElectronic Cigarettes and Future Marijuana Use: A Longitudinal Study | American Academy of Pediatrics
RESULTS: Among never marijuana users, e-cigarette ever use (versus never use) at wave 1 was associated with increased likelihood of marijuana P12M use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-2.5) at wave 2. There was a significant interaction between e-cigarette use and age (P , .05) with aOR = 2.7 (95% CI: 1.7-4.3) for adolescents aged 12 to 14 and aOR = 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2-2.3) for adolescents aged 15 to 17. The association with heavy marijuana use was significant among younger adolescents (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-5.3) but was not among older adolescents. Heavier e-cigarette use at wave 1 yielded higher odds of P12M and heavy marijuana use at wave 2 for younger adolescents. ...
The Elephant Bar: Anyone Have Any Idea Why Republicans Are Against Power Generation From Non Fossil Fuels?The Elephant Bar: Anyone Have Any Idea Why Republicans Are Against Power Generation From Non Fossil Fuels?
There is much debate about the impact of adolescent cannabis use on intellectual and educational outcomes. We investigated associations between adolescent cannabis use and IQ and educational attainment in a sample of 2235 teenagers from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. By the age of 15, 24% reported having tried cannabis at least once. A series of nested linear regressions was employed, adjusted hierarchically by pre-exposure ability and potential confounds (e.g. cigarette and alcohol use, childhood mental-health symptoms and behavioural problems), to test the relationships between cumulative cannabis use and IQ at the age of 15 and educational performance at the age of 16. After full adjustment, those who had used cannabis ⩽50 times did not differ from never-users on either IQ or educational performance. Adjusting for group differences in cigarette smoking dramatically attenuated the associations between cannabis use and both outcomes, and further analyses demonstrated ...
Cannabis-Related Disorders Medication: AnxiolyticsCannabis-Related Disorders Medication: Anxiolytics
In January, 2014, Colorado became the first state in the United States to legalize marijuana for recreational purposes, marking the beginning of what will likely become the end of marijuana prohibition. Marijuana was legal in the United States until 1937, when Congress passed the Marijuana Tax Act, effectively making the drug illegal.
Cannabis-Related Disorders Differential DiagnosesCannabis-Related Disorders Differential Diagnoses
In January, 2014, Colorado became the first state in the United States to legalize marijuana for recreational purposes, marking the beginning of what will likely become the end of marijuana prohibition. Marijuana was legal in the United States until 1937, when Congress passed the Marijuana Tax Act, effectively making the drug illegal.
Understanding Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder CE Course Preview | Symptom MediaUnderstanding Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder CE Course Preview | Symptom Media
The following is a preview of Symptom Medias Cannabis Use Disorder CE Course. Learn more about Symptom Medias Mental Health CE Course Collection.
2018 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code F12.159: Cannabis abuse with psychotic disorder, unspecified2018 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code F12.159: Cannabis abuse with psychotic disorder, unspecified
Free, official coding info for 2018 ICD-10-CM F12.159 - includes detailed rules, notes, synonyms, ICD-9-CM conversion, index and annotation crosswalks, DRG grouping and more.
Why Clinicians May Want to Keep an Eye on Regular Cannabis Users - MPRWhy Clinicians May Want to 'Keep an Eye' on Regular Cannabis Users - MPR
Regular cannabis users appear to experience a slight delay in their retinal ganglion cell (RGC) signaling, according to a study published online Dec. 8 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
Cannabis-Related Psychosis May Not Increase Risk for SchizophreniaCannabis-Related Psychosis May Not Increase Risk for Schizophrenia
In a recent study, cannabis users were found to be more than four times as likely to develop schizophrenia as those who had never used it.
Studies Show Cognitive Impairments Linger in Heavy Marijuana Users | NIDA ArchivesStudies Show Cognitive Impairments Linger in Heavy Marijuana Users | NIDA Archives
Students who smoke marijuana heavily may be limiting their ability to learn, according to a NIDA-funded study. The study found that college students who used marijuana regularly had impaired skills related to attention, memory, and learning 24 hours after they had last used the drug.
Who is working on investigational drugs for Marijuana Abuse? Patents, clinical trials, drugs in developmentWho is working on investigational drugs for Marijuana Abuse? Patents, clinical trials, drugs in development
Drugs may be covered by multiple patents or regulatory protections. All trademarks and applicant names are the property of their respective owners or licensors. Although great care is taken in the proper and correct provision of this service, thinkBiotech LLC does not accept any responsibility for possible consequences of errors or omissions in the provided data. The data presented herein is for information purposes only. There is no warranty that the data contained herein is error free. thinkBiotech performs no independent verification of facts as provided by public sources nor are attempts made to provide legal or investing advice. Any reliance on data provided herein is done solely at the discretion of the user. Users of this service are advised to seek professional advice and independent confirmation before considering acting on any of the provided information. thinkBiotech LLC reserves the right to amend, extend or withdraw any part or all of the offered service without notice. ...
Marijuana AbuseMarijuana Abuse
Build: Wed Jun 21 18:33:50 EDT 2017 (commit: 4a3b2dc). National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 • 301-435-0888. ...
Response to Letter Regarding Article, Cannabis-Related Stroke: Myth or Reality? | StrokeResponse to Letter Regarding Article, "Cannabis-Related Stroke: Myth or Reality?" | Stroke
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Heavy marijuana use linked to rare vomiting illness - CNNHeavy marijuana use linked to rare vomiting illness - CNN
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome affects a small population: a subset of marijuana users who smoke multiple times a day for months, years or even decades.
Clinicians Guide For Medical Marijuana Mark De CharbisClinicians Guide For Medical Marijuana Mark De Charbis
American Pain Society Issues Guidance on Medical Marijuana - Relocation Guide; Your GovernmentWe Clinicians, Researchers and Educators. Clinical Approach to the Heavy Cannabis User in the Age of Medical Marijuana Source
The Impact of Cannabis Use on the Dosage of Antipsychotic Drugs in Patients Admitted on the Psychiatric Ward at the University...The Impact of Cannabis Use on the Dosage of Antipsychotic Drugs in Patients Admitted on the Psychiatric Ward at the University...
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of cannabis use on the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs in male subjects presenting to the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI) with psychotic episodes.
EMCDDA explores new dynamics and dimensions of Europes drugs problem | www.emcdda.europa.euEMCDDA explores new dynamics and dimensions of Europe's drugs problem | www.emcdda.europa.eu
The drugs high prevalence is reflected in the numbers entering specialised drug treatment, with the largest group of first-time treatment entrants now citing cannabis as their main problem drug. The overall number of those entering treatment for the first time for cannabis problems in Europe rose from 45 000 in 2006 to 61 000 in 2013. While cannabis clients entering treatment are most likely to self-refer (34 %), the analysis notes that around one-quarter of all those entering treatment for primary cannabis use (23 000) were referrals from the criminal justice system. Evidence supports the use of psychosocial interventions in treating drug use problems and these are widely used in treating problems relating to cannabis. These approaches are explored today in an analysis accompanying the report (see POD) and in a recent EMCDDA Insights publication (4).. Acute cannabis-related emergencies, although rare, can occur after consuming the substance, especially at high doses (see purity section below). ...
Latest News - The Marijuana Cancer Cure CultLatest News - The Marijuana Cancer Cure Cult
Nearly all of the evidence about cannabinoids as anticancer drugs comes from lab studies using cell cultures or animals with experimentally implanted tumors. The annals of medical research are littered with drugs that looked promising in the lab but didnt work in people. Still, that doesnt stop some enthusiasts from touting cannabis as a cure for cancer, sometimes making even open-minded scientists and medical marijuana advocates nervous.. When I worked at the Marijuana Policy Project, we received several impassioned emails imploring us to tell Sen. Kennedy that cannabis could cure his brain tumor. Others touted Canadian Rick Simpsons Healing Hemp Oil Web site, Phoenix Tears.. In a series of videos, letters and other materials on the site, Simpson -- who has had repeated run-ins with law enforcement over his cannabis-related activities and was, according to a Dec. 14 posting, staying in Europe indefinitely to avoid arrest -- promotes what he calls hemp oil as a simple herbal cure for ...
Smoking Marijuana Is 114 Times Safer Than Drinking Alcohol | WorldTruth.TvSmoking Marijuana Is 114 Times Safer Than Drinking Alcohol | WorldTruth.Tv
As reported by the Washington Post, the studys results arent exactly new, though they do confirm similar findings first reported a decade ago. In a separate story last year, the Post noted that Wayne Hall of the World Health Organization said its nearly impossible for even those who smoke large amounts of cannabis to overdose on the drug.. "The estimated fatal dose [of THC, the primary active compound in marijuana] in humans derived from animal studies is between 15 and 70 grams. This is a far greater amount of cannabis that even a very heavy cannabis user could use in a day," Hall wrote last year.. Even alcohols unsafe margin of exposure (MOE) ratio isnt all that surprising since, unlike heroin and cocaine, it is legal and much more readily available and accepted.. Marijuana legalization advocates are welcoming the new study, using it to suggest that Americas current ban on the drug is wrong and misguided, considering the mortality rates associated with alcohol and tobacco - both of which ...
Cannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse | GutCannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse | Gut
Cannabis has traditionally been associated with an antiemetic action following acute ingestion. Here, however, we are presented with the paradoxical effect of hyperemesis in susceptible chronic cannabis smokers. Such a paradoxical response has only previously been demonstrated with acute toxicity to intravenous injection of crude marijuana extract.14 We suspect that susceptible individuals may develop a reaction to cannabis following several years of exposure. The reasons for this are obscure. We also have difficulty explaining why, while this disease takes years to develop, it resurfaces within weeks of cannabis resumption, even after considerable periods of abstinence.. Cannabinoids have a long half life. They are extremely lipophilic and bind to cerebral fat.15 Regular use is accumulative and this might give rise to toxicity in the sensitive patient. Cannabis is known to delay gastric emptying16 and, interestingly, one of our patients (Y) had a severely delayed gastric emptying study at acute ...
GWAS of lifetime cannabis use reveals new risk loci, genetic overlap with psychiatric traits, and a causal effect of...GWAS of lifetime cannabis use reveals new risk loci, genetic overlap with psychiatric traits, and a causal effect of...
Cannabis use is a heritable trait that has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes. In the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) for lifetime cannabis use to date (N = 184,765), we identified eight genome-wide significant independent single nucleotide polymorphisms in six regions. All measured genetic variants combined explained 11% of the variance. Gene-based tests revealed 35 significant genes in 16 regions, and S-PrediXcan analyses showed that 21 genes had different expression levels for cannabis users versus nonusers. The strongest finding across the different analyses was CADM2, which has been associated with substance use and risk-taking. Significant genetic correlations were found with 14 of 25 tested substance use and mental health-related traits, including smoking, alcohol use, schizophrenia and risk-taking. Mendelian randomization analysis showed evidence for a causal positive influence of schizophrenia risk on cannabis use. Overall, our study provides new insights into the
Cannabis Use Disorder and Surgery | Anesthesiology | American Society of AnesthesiologistsCannabis Use Disorder and Surgery | Anesthesiology | American Society of Anesthesiologists
For many anesthesiologists, discussions with patients and colleagues about cannabis have been occurring more often. Cannabis, also called marijuana, contains various components that activate the endocannabinoid system, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), both of which have been topics of national discourse.1,2 The need for better evidence regarding the effects of cannabis and its various cannabinoid and noncannabinoid components that impact the health of patients is especially heightened as cannabis is increasingly viewed by patients as an alternative to opioids. One question relevant to the anesthesiology community is whether patients who have a diagnosis of active cannabis use disorder have an increased risk of negative outcomes after surgery. Here, it is important to differentiate use of cannabis from cannabis use disorder, in which patients have problems from cannabis use that lead to "significant impairment.... ...
Adolescent Cannabis Use And Medical Marijuana Laws: 1991 to 2014 - Buy CBD Hemp Oil For Sale OnlineAdolescent Cannabis Use And Medical Marijuana Laws: 1991 to 2014 - Buy CBD Hemp Oil For Sale Online
Adolescent use of marijuana, according to groups that are against any use of the plant, like the Partnership for Drug-Free Kids (who should be barking at BigPharma; buy hey, what do we know?!), is associated with adverse effects later in life. For them, the identification of factors underlying adolescent use is of significant public health importance. The relationship between US state laws that permit cannabis for medical purposes and adolescent marijuana use has been a hot topic of debate. The claim is that these laws convey a message about cannabis acceptability that increases its use in adolescents soon after passage. A recent study utilized 24 years worth of national data from the USA to examine the relationship between state medical cannabis laws and adolescent use of marijuana.. The studys authors use a multistage, random-sampling design with replacement, compiled from surveys conducted annually amongst national surveys of 8th, 10th, and 12th-grade students (modal ages 13-14, 15-16, and ...
The Impact of Cannabis Use on Generalized Anxiety Disorder by Dylan James Tellez"The Impact of Cannabis Use on Generalized Anxiety Disorder" by Dylan James Tellez
Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance in the world (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2018). Despite past criminalization, various states have begun to decriminalize cannabis for recreational and medical use; however, research on the effect of cannabis use on mental health is divided. Research on specific mental health disorders, like generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and cannabis use is lacking. This study aimed to understand whether cannabis use affected individuals likelihood of meeting criteria for GAD by using a nationally representative longitudinal dataset. Results indicated that the inclusion of cannabis use did not explain additional variability in meeting criteria for GAD, suggesting that the relationship between GAD and cannabis use is not a straightforward causal relationship. Secondary analysis indicated history of anxiety or mood disorder and seeking mental health were significant predictors at all levels of GAD. Findings highlight the need to further explore the
Cannabis use predicts future psychotic symptoms, and vice versa - Ferdinand - 2005 - Addiction - Wiley Online LibraryCannabis use predicts future psychotic symptoms, and vice versa - Ferdinand - 2005 - Addiction - Wiley Online Library
Aims To assess if cannabis use is a risk factor for future psychotic symptoms, and vice versa, in adolescents and young adults from the general population.. Design Cohort study.. Setting/participants Zuid Holland study, a 14-year follow-up study of 1580 initially 4-16-year-olds who were drawn randomly from the Dutch general population. Because cannabis use is generally condoned in the Netherlands, false-negative reports of cannabis use may occur less frequently than in countries with stricter drug policies, which supports the value of the present study.. Measurements Life-time cannabis use and psychotic symptoms, assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).. Findings Cannabis use, in individuals who did not have psychotic symptoms before they began using cannabis, predicted future psychotic symptoms (hazard ratio = 2.81; 95% confidence interval = 1.79-4.43). However, psychotic symptoms in those who had never used cannabis before the onset of psychotic symptoms also ...
Study: Cannabis Smoking Not Associated With Changes In The Hippocampus - NORMLStudy: Cannabis Smoking Not Associated With Changes In The Hippocampus - NORML
Amsterdam, The Netherlands: The regular use of cannabis by young people is not associated with hippocampal volume alterations, according to case-control longitudinal data published online ahead of print in the Journal of Psychopharmacology.. Investigators from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom conducted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at baseline and at follow up (average of 39-months post-baseline) in 20 habitual cannabis users and in 23 non-using controls.. Authors reported: "Compared to controls, cannabis users did not show hippocampal volume alterations at either baseline or follow-up. Hippocampal volumes increased over time in both cannabis users and controls, following similar trajectories of increase. Cannabis dose and age of onset of cannabis use did not affect hippocampal volumes.". They concluded, "Continued heavy cannabis use did not affect hippocampal neuroanatomical changes in early adulthood. … These data suggest that cannabis users show the same developmental trends ...
InvestinCannabis.com | Study Suggests Link Between Medical Marijuana and Hospitalizations - InvestinCannabis.comInvestinCannabis.com | Study Suggests Link Between Medical Marijuana and Hospitalizations - InvestinCannabis.com
As medical marijuana is debated across the country, one of the pressing issues in the debate is the question of legalizations social cost. By now most people accept that the "Reefer Madness" depiction of marijuana is ludicrous, but many still question the medical safety of marijuana; and a new study published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence only serves to stoke those fires.. Analyzing hospitalizations in California from 2001 to 2012, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that areas with medical marijuana dispensaries had a 6.8 percent increase in the number of marijuana-related hospitalizations. Overall, the number of marijuana-related hospitalizations rose from 17,000 in 2001 to 68,000 in 2012.. In addition to their findings, researchers found that areas with a higher density of medical marijuana dispensaries also had a low population density, a higher percentage of low-income households and fewer residents with college degrees.. To come to their conclusion, ...
Department of Health | The health and psychological consequences of cannabis use - chapter 7Department of Health | The health and psychological consequences of cannabis use - chapter 7
The effects of long-term cannabis use on adolescents have not been adequately addressed. This issue is of greater relevance with an increase in the prevalence of cannabis use among adolescents and young adults in Western society. In the first study of its kind with adolescents, Schwartz et al (1989) reported the results of a small controlled pilot study of persistent short-term memory impairment in 10 cannabis-dependent adolescents (aged 14-16 years). Schwartzs clinical observations of adolescents in a drug-abuse treatment program suggested that memory deficits were a major problem, which according to the adolescents persisted for at least three to four weeks after cessation of cannabis use. His sample was middle-class, North American, matched for age, IQ and history of learning disabilities with 17 controls, eight of whom were drug abusers who had not been long-term users of cannabis, and another nine whom had never abused any drug. The cannabis users consumed approximately 18g per week, ...
Attention and Memory - Who Do You TrustAttention and Memory - Who Do You Trust
1. Attention, memory and learning are impaired among heavy marijuana users, even after users discontinued its use for at least 24 hours. Heavy marijuana use is associated with residual neuropsychological effects even after a day of supervised abstinence from the drug. Heavy users displayed significantly greater impairment than light users on attention/executive functions, as evidenced particularly by greater preservations on card sorting and reduced learning of word lists. These differences remained after controlling for potential confounding variables, such as estimated levels of premorbid cognitive functioning, and for use of alcohol and other substances in the two groups. However, the question remains open as to whether this impairment is due to a residue of drug in the brain, a withdrawal effect from the drug, or a frank neurotoxic effect of the drug. ("The Residual Cognitive Effects of Heavy Marijuana Use in College Students," Pope, HG Jr., Yurgelun-Todd, D., Biological Psychiatry ...
Marijuana smokers have greater risk of death from high blood pressureMarijuana smokers have greater risk of death from high blood pressure
Neither cigarettes, nor marijuana was used by 34% of the total participants; 21% of them used only marijuana, while 20% used both marijuana and cigarettes.. "It does not prove that if you choose to use marijuana you are more likely to die of cardiovascular disease", Prasad told The Oregonian.. Marijuana use increases the risk of dying from high blood pressure by more than three times, new research reveals.. For more on marijuana and heart health, visit Harvard Medical School. Scientists said the risk grows with every year of use. As compared to non-users who had 3.42 times higher risk of death from hypertension.. "Marijuana stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen demand", she said. "Needless to say, the detrimental effects of marijuana on brain function far exceed that of cigarette smoking". They also found that the higher estimated cardiovascular risks associated with a use of marijuana than the cigarette smoking.. Armentano ...
NIDA Notes Articles: Comorbidity | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)NIDA Notes Articles: Comorbidity | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
People with cannabis use disorder (CUD) are likely also to have social anxiety disorder (SAD), and comorbid SAD is associated with greater severity of cannabis-related problems. These findings highlight the importance of assessing CUD patients for SAD, as that disorder can be both a contributing cause and a consequence of CUD. Treating both disorders may be a key to helping patients recover from each. ...
Quantification of 11-Nor-9-carboxy-delta 9-THC in Human Urine with GC/MS/MS--《Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine》2004年01期Quantification of 11-Nor-9-carboxy-delta 9-THC in Human Urine with GC/MS/MS--《Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine》2004年01期
Purpose: To quantify the concentration of 11-Nor-9-carboxy-delta 9-THC in human urine with GC/MS/MS.11-Nor-9-carboxy-delta 9-THC is the major active metabolite in human urine after cannabis abuse, and thus it can be the evidence for cannabis abuse. GC/MS/MS technique provides very sensitive and reliable results. Methodology: Before the GC/MS/MS analysis, the urine sample should be hydrolyzed with alkalinity (KOH methanol solution) to make 11-Nor-9-carboxy-delta 9-THC in free form, then the pH value is adjusted with HCl and glacial acetic acid to about 3.5, the solution is extracted with n-heptane tree times, the organic phase is evaporated under nitrogen. The residue is derivatization, 1μl of the derivatized solution is injected into GC/MS/MS. Results: Cover IOC cut level.
Frontiers | Cannabis Use and Anxiety: Is Stress the Missing Piece of the Puzzle? | PsychiatryFrontiers | Cannabis Use and Anxiety: Is Stress the Missing Piece of the Puzzle? | Psychiatry
Objective: Comorbidity between anxiety and cannabis use is common yet the nature of the association between these conditions is not clear. Four theories were assessed, and a fifth hypothesis tested to determine if the misattribution of stress symptomology plays a role in the association between state-anxiety and cannabis.Methods: Three-hundred-sixteen participants ranging in age from 18 to 71 years completed a short online questionnaire asking about their history of cannabis use and symptoms of stress and anxiety.Results: Past and current cannabis users reported higher incidence of lifetime anxiety than participants who had never used cannabis; however, these groups did not differ in state-anxiety, stress, or age of onset of anxiety. State-anxiety and stress were not associated with frequency of cannabis use, but reported use to self-medicate for anxiety was positively associated with all three. Path analyses indicated two different associations between anxiety and cannabis use, pre-existing and high
OP16 On the move: Exploring the impact of residential mobility on adolescent cannabis use | Journal of Epidemiology & Community...OP16 On the move: Exploring the impact of residential mobility on adolescent cannabis use | Journal of Epidemiology & Community...
Results Consistent with previous research we find a positive association between cumulative residential mobility and cannabis use with conventional logistic regression models (Odds Ratio: 2.56, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.20-5.78), implying that adolescents who experience a residential change are more likely to use cannabis than those who remain residentially stable. However, decomposing this relationship into its between- and within-child components reveals that a conventional model is underspecified and misleading; we find that differences in cannabis use between mobile and non-mobile adolescents are due to underlying selection differences between these groups (between-child log odds: 3.56, standard error: 1.22), not by a change in status of residential mobility (within-child log odds: 1.33, standard error: 1.02). ...
International Association for Cannabis as MedicineInternational Association for Cannabis as Medicine
Even heavy cannabis use does not cause cognitive decline in adults. However, heavy use of the drug during adolescence may result in reduced intelligence in later life. These are the main results of a long-term study conducted by an international research team in New Zealand. Participants were members of the Dunedin Study, a study of a birth cohort of 1,037 individuals followed from birth in the years 1972/1973 to age 38 years. Cannabis use was ascertained in interviews at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 years. Neuropsychological testing was conducted at age 13 years, before initiation of cannabis use, and again at age 38 years. Researchers found that those who persistently used cannabis - smoking it at least four times a week year after year through their teens, 20s and, in some cases, their 30s - suffered a decline in their IQ. The more that people smoked, the greater the loss in IQ. The effect was only noticed in those who started smoking cannabis as adolescents. It is such a special study that ...
One-third of pregnant women dont think cannabis will harm their babies: study | CFOXOne-third of pregnant women don't think cannabis will harm their babies: study | CFOX
Among the women who continued to use the drug, half reported using cannabis almost daily or twice a week, and 18 per cent met the official criteria for cannabis abuse or dependence.. While research is conflicted, Bayrampour said, there are some potential risks of using pot while pregnant.. "There are some outcomes that have very strong associations with cannabis use and pregnancy, like having a baby thats smaller than average, so low birth weight," she said.. READ MORE: Divorce hurts teens more than it does children, study finds. "We also have evidence for the impact of cannabis … on the brain.. The researchers found that women who used cannabis while pregnant also shared common factors including higher rates of unemployment, lower income levels, and used other substances like tobacco and alcohol.. Pregnant pot users were more likely to be under the age of 25, and have a diagnosis of anxiety or depression.. READ MORE: Shoppers Drug Mart clinic now offers Botox. Heres what it will cost ...
Annual cannabis use by country - WikipediaAnnual cannabis use by country - Wikipedia
This is a list of the annual prevalence of cannabis use by country (including some territories) as a percentage of the population aged 15-64 (unless otherwise indicated). The indicator is an "annual prevalence" rate which is the percentage of the youth and adult population who have consumed cannabis at least once in the past survey year. The primary source of information is the World Drug Report 2011 (WDR 2011), some older numbers are from the World Drug Report 2006 (WDR 2006), published by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Cannabis portal Adult lifetime cannabis use by country Decriminalization of non-medical marijuana in the United States Health issues and the effects of cannabis Illegal drug trade Legal and medical status of cannabis Legality of cannabis by country Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs World Drug Report 2011. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Cannabis stats are from Chapter ...
Motivation Lacking For Many Marijuana Users - RedorbitMotivation Lacking For Many Marijuana Users - Redorbit
Lee Rannals for redOrbit.com - Your Universe Online. Long-time marijuana smokers have a lack of motivation to work or pursue normal interests, according to a new study.. Scientists at Imperial College London, University College London (UCL) and Kings College London found long-term marijuana users tend to have lower levels of dopamine in a part of the brain called the striatum. They said this finding could explain why some users appear to have a lack of motivation.. The team used PET brain imaging to look at dopamine levels in the striatum of 19 regular cannabis users and 19 non-users of matching age and sex. The users in the study had all experienced psychotic-like symptoms while smoking the drug, such as strange sensations or bizarre thoughts like feeling as though they are being threatened.. The researchers expected the dopamine levels might be higher in this group because increased levels of this chemical has been linked with psychosis. However, they found the opposite effect.. Cannabis ...
How Marijuana Affects Your Brain and Body | Hired PowerHow Marijuana Affects Your Brain and Body | Hired Power
Researchers are slowly gaining a greater understanding of marijuanas long-term effects. Like tobacco smoke, marijuana smoke irritates lung and bronchial tissue, and even light marijuana users report coughing, congestion and excessive phlegm production. Marijuana smoke does not contain the same carcinogens as tobacco smoke, but researchers suspect that it comprises other carcinogens. As marijuana is absorbed into a users bloodstream, he can experience increased heart rate and dilation of blood vessels, which accounts for the smokers common red-eyed appearance that can last for up to three hours after marijuana use. Some research into marijuana use has also suggested that marijuana can suppress a users immune system and cause digestion problems.. Perhaps the most significant short- and long-term effect of marijuana use is on a users brain and nervous system. At a minimum, marijuana has been shown to create short-term memory loss. More significantly, a 2013 Northwestern University study that ...
Medicines for the treatment of cannabis dependence | CochraneMedicines for the treatment of cannabis dependence | Cochrane
Background. Cannabis use is relatively common and widespread worldwide. Demand by cannabis users for treatment has been increasing in most regions of the world. Moves in some countries to decriminalise or legalise cannabis use is likely to result in this trend continuing. Currently there are no medicines specifically for the treatment of cannabis use. This review sought to assess the effectiveness and safety of medicines for the treatment of cannabis dependence.. Search date. We searched the scientific literature in March 2018.. Study characteristics. We identified 21 randomised controlled trials (clinical studies where people are allocated at random to one of two or more treatment groups) involving 909 participants treated with active medicines, and 846 who received placebo (a pretend treatment). Key features of dependent drug use are compulsive use, loss of control over use and withdrawal symptoms on cessation of drug use. This review included studies where participants were described as ...
Alcoholics Who Use Cannabis Daily Have Lower Risk of Liver Disease, Says New Study | MERRY JANEAlcoholics Who Use Cannabis Daily Have Lower Risk of Liver Disease, Says New Study | MERRY JANE
Photo via Samantha Cohen. As access to medical marijuana spreads throughout the country, scientists are discovering more and more medicinal uses for the once-demonized plant. A new study recently accepted for publication in the peer-reviewed Liver International journal may have found yet another potential benefit of cannabis. Researchers investigating the outcome of chronic alcohol and cannabis use on the liver made the surprising discovery that alcoholics who used cannabis daily had a lower risk of developing progressive stages of liver disease than those who didnt.. The research team analyzed hospital discharge records from the 2014 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project to study the prevalence of progressive liver disease in adults with a past or current history of alcohol abuse. After identifying more than 300,000 individuals who met their criteria, the researchers classified the subjects into three groups: non-cannabis users, non-dependent cannabis users, and dependent cannabis ...
Kings College London - Increasing cannabis potency linked to rising admissions to drug treatmentKing's College London - Increasing cannabis potency linked to rising admissions to drug treatment
A new Kings College London study shows that cannabis potency may be linked to rising rates of treatment for cannabis-related problems.
LeafWorks Uncovers the Dirt on Cannabis DNA - 03/21/2019 - SF WeeklyLeafWorks Uncovers the Dirt on Cannabis DNA - 03/21/2019 - SF Weekly
There arent any "buyer beware" signs to be found at Bay Area dispensaries, but perhaps there should be. After all, despite regulatory efforts to ensure the safety of cannabis products, question marks abound when it comes to the label on a jar of flower matching the contents within.. Thats where LeafWorks hopes to make a difference. The Sebastopol botanical-identification company has recently taken on cannabis, and for CEO Eleanor Kuntz and Chief Scientific Officer Kerin Law, testing the fidelity of pot genetics was a logical next step for their business.. "We are a value system that enters at all points along the supply chain," Law explains. "We use genetic tools - DNA-based tests - to tell people what theyre buying, selling, and growing.". As Kuntz notes, errant labeling and confusion over plant origins is not a phenomenon specific to cannabis.. "I think that theres a lot of fraud that occurs across the entire herbal market," she suggests. "This is something thats ubiquitous in plants. ...
Andrew Little guarantees binding referendum on cannabis law reform | Your NZAndrew Little guarantees binding referendum on cannabis law reform | Your NZ
Cabinet may be announcing how they will deal with the promised referendum on cannabis law reform today. RNZ: Little guarantees binding cannabis referendum - but yet to define binding Justice Minister Andrew Little has guaranteed that next years cannabis referendum will be binding, but says he will explain what binding actually means when the next…
Schizophrenia Archives - TheJointBlogSchizophrenia Archives - TheJointBlog
schizophrenia in those with the condition. Although this may come as no surprise to many, it helps to combat the prohibitionist argument that cannabis use is a detriment to those with schizophrenia.. "There are inconsistencies in findings as to whether cannabis use has a negative impact on clinical outcomes for people with established psychosis", says professor Christine Barrowclough, PhD, who led the study. Due to these inconsistencies, researchers at the University of Manchester and University of Lancaster investigated "the relationship between cannabis use and clinical outcome, including whether change in cannabis use affects psychotic symptoms, affective symptoms, functioning and psychotic relapse in a sample of people in early psychosis with comorbid cannabis abuse or dependence.". Read moreStudy: Cannabis Use Doesnt Worsen Symptoms of Schizophrenia ...
Medicine | MarijuanaMedicine | Marijuana
Marijuana.com is the leading cannabis-related message forum and news site for in-depth, comprehensive cannabis strain and product education, marijuana media, growshop information and pricing. Marijuana.com has been in operation since 1995 and is owned and operated by Weedmaps.com, the most widely used medical and recreational marijuana dispensary locator in the industry ...
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marijuana - Hope Center Addiction Helpmarijuana - Hope Center Addiction Help
Actually, it has recently been scientifically proven that long-term marijuana use can lead to addiction. 9% of people who use marijuana will become dependent on it. This number increases to 1 in 6 regarding those who start using marijuana at a young age (in their early teens), and between 25% and 50% of those who use on a daily basis. In 2010, 4.5 million out of the recorded 7.1 million individuals who were dependent on or abusing illicit drugs were primarily battling dependencies on marijuana. Cannabis itself is not physically addicting, though mental dependency is exceedingly prevalent, as proven by these statistics. And while true marijuana addiction is very rare, it is very real.. Withdrawing from long-term marijuana use produces symptoms similar to those caused by kicking a prolonged nicotine habit - and you have ever tried to quit smoking cigarettes you are familiar with the fact that it is no easy task. Marijuana withdrawal will likely cause irritability, intense craving, anxiety, and ...
wkyc.com | Marijuana users rally in mass disobedience over cannabis legalizationwkyc.com | Marijuana users rally in mass disobedience over cannabis legalization
In Denver, thousands of people partied to live music and then lit up en mass at 4:20 p.m. local time. Outside Congress, legalization activists handed out at free joints until they were shut down by Capitol Police, who arrested organizer Adam Eidinger.. As in Colorado, marijuana possession is legal in the District of Columbia, but public consumption is prohibited, as is possession on federal land.. April 20 has long been a day filled with civil disobedience by marijuana users, who gather in public to light up at 4:20 p.m. The phrase 420 is a code for marijuana users, who work it into dating profiles or post it on signs to show their shared interest. But while it used to be a celebration held with a certain level of furtiveness, the rapidly expanding legalization of cannabis means more and more Americans no longer face significant, if any, punishment for smoking pot.. Its a demonstration for liberty-minded people of how the system works against patients and citizens who are not hurting ...
Evidence Based Interventions For Cannabis Use DisorderEvidence Based Interventions For Cannabis Use Disorder
A series of RCTs of psychotherapeutic approaches to managing cannabis dependence have been conducted. In general, these suggest that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational enhancement therapy (MET) are the most effective in reducing cannabis use, dependence and related problems.20-22 Social support psychotherapy showed equivalence with CBT in one study.23 Although brief interventions (usually in the form of MET) appear effective, recent studies suggest that extended, combined therapies are associated with slightly better outcomes.21,22 In addition, recent research suggests that adding voucher-based incentives to MET and CBT improves treatment compliance and long-term outcome in both voluntary24-26 and coerced adult clients,27-29 but that voucher-based incentives alone show improvements in compliance and outcome that diminish over time.25. ...
Study: Cannabis Use Associated with Neuroprotection in HIV Patients - NORMLStudy: Cannabis Use Associated with Neuroprotection in HIV Patients - NORML
San Diego, CA: A history of cannabis use among people living with HIV is associated with a lower likelihood of neurocognitive decline, according to data published in the Journal of Acquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome. Researchers at the University of California, San Diego assessed the association between cannabis use, neurocognitive impairment, and verbal and learning performance in patients with HIV and non-using controls. Investigators reported that HIV patients who used cannabis were significantly less likely to experience neurocognitive impairment as compared to those patients who had no history of marijuana exposure.. They concluded: Our findings present evidence that cannabis exposure was associated with lower odds of NCI (neurocognitive impairment) in the context of HIV. … Our results are consistent with the idea that under some circumstances, cannabis might be neuroprotective. Full text of the study, Cannabis exposure is associated with a lower likelihood of neurocognitive ...
Benefits of Using Cannabis Oil - Wisatadunia BlogBenefits of Using Cannabis Oil - Wisatadunia Blog
Cannabis users are prone to oral diseases. Generally, Cannabis abusers have poorer oral health than non-users, with greater decayed, missing and filled (DMF) teeth scores, higher plaque scores and not as healthy teeth gums. An important side effect of Cannabis abuse is xerostomia (dryness of the mouth brought on by malfunctioning salivary glands). Cannabis gum and smoking causes changes in the oral epithelium, termed cannabis stomatitis. Its symptoms include irritation and superficial anaesthesia of their oral membranous tissue covering internal organs. With chronic use, this may progress to neoplasia (expansion of a tumor).. Deweiko (2009), Gold, Frost-Pineda, & Jacobs (2004) point out that of approximately four hundred understood compounds found in the cannabis plants, researchers understand of over sixty that are considered to possess carcinogenic effects on the human brain. The most well known and powerful of these would be ∆-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC. Much like Hazelden (2005), ...
How cannabis use affects alcohol treatment outcomesHow cannabis use affects alcohol treatment outcomes
While some suggest that cannabis use is related to increased drinking among individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD), others have found that cannabis may substitute for alcohol and therefore reduce alcohol consumption among these individuals. However, no study has prospectively examined whether cannabis use is associated with increases or decreases in alcohol use in individuals in treatment for AUD. |strong|Primary aims:|/strong| The primary aims of this study are to examine the effects of changes in cannabis use (i.e., increased vs. decreased use) during AUD treatment on post-treatment (immediately after treatment; one year, three years post-treatment) alcohol use and related problems. We will also investigate potential moderators (e.g., baseline dependence severity, social support) and mediators (e.g., alcohol cravings) of the relationship between cannabis use and AUD treatment outcomes. Preliminary analyses will also examine differences between those who use vs. do not use cannabis. |strong
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Background. A self-medication hypothesis has been proposed to explain the association between cannabis use and psychiatric and behavioral problems. However, little is known about the reasons for use and reactions while intoxicated in cannabis users who suffer from depression or problems controlling violent behavior.. Method. We assessed 119 cannabis-dependent subjects using the Schedules of Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN), parts of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), and questionnaires on reasons for cannabis use and reactions to cannabis use while intoxicated. Participants with lifetime depression and problems controlling violent behavior were compared to subjects without such problems. Validity of the groupings was corroborated by use of a psychiatric treatment register, previous use of psychotropic medication and convictions for violence.. Results. Subjects with lifetime depression used cannabis for the same reasons as others. While under the influence of cannabis, they more ...
Should Ore. let medical marijuana users pack heat? | Drugs-ForumShould Ore. let medical marijuana users pack heat? | Drugs-Forum
Should Ore. let medical marijuana users pack heat? SALEM, Ore. (AP) - Should Oregon let medical marijuana users obtain concealed handgun permits? That question was before the Oregon Court of...
Marijuana addiction Archives - Most Effective Medical Clinic anywhereMarijuana addiction Archives - Most Effective Medical Clinic anywhere
Understanding marijuana addictiveness: Other health effects of marijuana. Marijuana use may have a wide range of effects, particularly on cardiopulmonary and mental health. Its smoke is irritant to the lungs and frequent marijuana smokers can have same respiratory problems with tobacco smokers like coughing and phlegm production, more frequent acute chest illness, and a heightened risk of lung infections. It, therefore, goes without mentioned that understanding marijuana addictiveness is very essential in finding a lasting solution to this problem. In that respect, we spoke to doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President, and founder of AWAREmed health and wellness resource center over this and from her decades of experience in addiction solutions, she is categorical that frequent users of marijuana who are not into smoking tobacco have more health problems and may miss more days of work than those who dont smoke marijuana, mainly because of respiratory illnesses.. Besides that, marijuana also raises ...
Get A Medical Marijuana Card to Get Marijuana Treatment - Vacances Voyage LocationGet A Medical Marijuana Card to Get Marijuana Treatment - Vacances Voyage Location
In the favorable environment that the hydroponic Weeds Vancouver dispensary provides, one plant that becomes contaminated with powdery mold will begin to allow it to spread to others, increasing the general organization expense of making use of these fungicides. In often occasion, the bottom line profit is reduce into by the current presence of that fungus.. One choice for medical marijuana dispensaries that wish to prevent problems with mildew could be the installation of commercial grade air refinement systems. Big capacity air cleaners that use one of more carbon filters can remove shape and mildew spores from the air before they have to be able to develop on flowers, lowering the likelihood of contamination scattering to the crop.. And also this produces a more healthful work environment for dispensary personnel, who may otherwise be exposed to the shape spores. Several professional air cleaners will also be equipped with uv lights, that may counteract shape spores in the air and more reduce ...
Know About the Harmful Effects of Marijuana on Liver - Expert CornerKnow About the Harmful Effects of Marijuana on Liver - Expert Corner
Marijuana is the most abused illegal drug in U.S as well as all over the world. Marijuana contains more than 400 dangerous chemicals. One of the main chemicals is Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Many people do not know that marijuana is a very harmful drug. There are many adverse effects of Marijuana, both physical and psychological. If you take marijuana there is a possibility of your liver getting damaged. People who are suffering from hepatitis C are advised not to take Marijuana as it acts as an inflammatory substance on liver. If hepatitis C patients take this marijuana in regular basis then there is higher risk of liver fibrosis, or scarring of the liver tissue.. Liver damage and also hepatoxic effects like cirrhosis are caused by chronic use of marijuana. There are adverse effects like stomach pain, dark urine, vomiting, liver function abnormalities, acute hepatitis. And it reduces the ability of immune system that protects the human body from infections and diseases. Marijuana use causes ...
Netherlands CONTACTs, LINKS and More | a Medical Cannabis Resource Center (MERCY) Info pageNetherlands CONTACTs, LINKS and More | a Medical Cannabis Resource Center (MERCY) Info page
Myths and Facts About Marijuana , This collection of myths and facts is based on the book Marijuana Myths, Marijuana Facts: A Review of the Scientific Evidence . A decade after the book was published, the latest scientific evidence continues to support the original findings. Top Five Marijuana Myths; Marijuana Can Cause Permanent Mental Illness, Marijuana Is Highly Addictive, Marijuana Is More Potent Today Than In The Past, Marijuana Offenses Are Not Severely Punished, Marijuana Is More Damaging to the Lungs Than Tobacco. Myth: Marijuana Can Cause Permanent Mental Illness. Among adolescents, even occasional marijuana use may cause psychological damage. During intoxication, marijuana users become irrational and often behave erratically. Fact: There is no convincing scientific evidence that marijuana causes psychological damage or mental illness in either teenagers or adults. Some marijuana users experience psychological distress following marijuana ingestion, which may include feelings of panic, ...
Netherlands CONTACTs, LINKS and More | a Medical Cannabis Resource Center (MERCY) Info pageNetherlands CONTACTs, LINKS and More | a Medical Cannabis Resource Center (MERCY) Info page
Myths and Facts About Marijuana , This collection of myths and facts is based on the book Marijuana Myths, Marijuana Facts: A Review of the Scientific Evidence . A decade after the book was published, the latest scientific evidence continues to support the original findings. Top Five Marijuana Myths; Marijuana Can Cause Permanent Mental Illness, Marijuana Is Highly Addictive, Marijuana Is More Potent Today Than In The Past, Marijuana Offenses Are Not Severely Punished, Marijuana Is More Damaging to the Lungs Than Tobacco. Myth: Marijuana Can Cause Permanent Mental Illness. Among adolescents, even occasional marijuana use may cause psychological damage. During intoxication, marijuana users become irrational and often behave erratically. Fact: There is no convincing scientific evidence that marijuana causes psychological damage or mental illness in either teenagers or adults. Some marijuana users experience psychological distress following marijuana ingestion, which may include feelings of panic, ...
Marijuana users more than two times more likely to crash | EmaxHealthMarijuana users more than two times more likely to crash | EmaxHealth
Marijuana is more commonly found in drivers after accidents than any other illegal drug. Li and his fellow researchers used date from nine prior studies in six different countries to assess the risk of driving for those who have been smoking marijuana. According to their results, which analyzed data of those who used marijuana as little as an hour before driving to those who used it as far back as a year before driving, driving in the three- to four-hour time range after smoking marijuana is the most dangerous. The study authors said that marijuana use made driving 2.7 times riskier. Other officials, though, caution against jumping to any conclusions.. "We cant really say yet that marijuana increases the risk by two or three times," said director of statistics at the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Chuck Farmer. "Most of their studies pointed to a very strong bad effect of marijuana on driving, but there are other studies out there that actually go the other way.". The study did not ...
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  • The negative physical, psychological, and social effects of marijuana are numerous. (medicinenet.com)
  • Questions were raised about the actual effects of marijuana on the health and behavior of those who used it and about. (doctorabel.us)
  • A number of responsible studies of the effects of marijuana (such as one by the Hemp Commission in British India in 1895) and its more potent form, hashish, had pronounced it relatively harmless but that gave Anslinger and a few other sensationalists of the day no pause. (doctorabel.us)
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  • After baseline data have been collected (risk taking and decision making behaviors, heart rate, blood pressure, mood scales, exhaled carbon monoxide), participants will take 3-6 puffs, 5 seconds in duration, from a National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) marijuana cigarette. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • When all marijuana/cannabis consumers are pooled together, roughly nine out of 100 will eventually develop a diagnosable case of cannabis use disorder, the National Institute on Drug Abuse reports. (promises.com)
  • The data comes from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the 2013 National Drug IQ Challenge in observance of National Drug Facts Week, Shatter the Myths (January 28-February 3, 2013), and other documents and resources available on various NIDA websites. (elementsbehavioralhealth.com)
  • Nora Volkow , the director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, echoed Monte's concerns about cannabis and CHS in an editorial published with the study . (businessinsider.sg)
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  • Coincidentally, it's also the day a teenage girl in another state made a speech titled "Marijuana Use and Family Life" for her English class, revealing the abuse and neglect she has suffered all her life as the result of her parent and step-parent's chronic, illegal, pot use. (csmonitor.com)
  • As a parent, I felt it was important to learn if chronic marijuana use could impair a parent so I checked online and found a Surgeon General's warning and an Alcohol and Drug Service (ADS) fact sheet on the possible effects of short and long-term marijuana use parents who are chronic users may experience. (csmonitor.com)
  • Specific consequences of marijuana abuse can be best understood in terms of acute symptoms (present when the user is high), persistent (lasting longer than when intoxicated, but may not be permanent), and long-term (cumulative effects of chronic abuse). (elementsbehavioralhealth.com)
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  • Statistically, an estimated 9 percent of people who smoke marijuana every day will become dependent on the drug. (elementsbehavioralhealth.com)
  • Of course, the chances of becoming addicted to marijuana , or any other drug of abuse, are different for every person. (elementsbehavioralhealth.com)
  • The next time that you hear someone in your group of friends spout off about how marijuana can't hurt you and you can't become addicted to it, or your teen pulls out news clips and pro-marijuana stories to try to convince you, remember that statistic: 25 to 50 percent of daily users will become addicted to the drug. (elementsbehavioralhealth.com)
  • Drug therapies that diminish cravings for marijuana or intoxicating effects from marijuana use are currently not available. (medscape.com)
  • Before 1960, use of MARIJUANA in the United States was generally confined to drug-using subcultures in the inner cities or in rural areas. (doctorabel.us)
  • Shocking accounts of heinous crimes induced by marijuana began emanating from the Bureau the theory that pot smoking was a dangerous gateway to other addictions gained credence and a Bureau-sponsored film, Reefer Madness, was produced to popularize Anslinger's visions of the hazards of drug use. (doctorabel.us)
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