Phosphoric acid esters of mannitol.
A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.
Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.
Sugar alcohol dehydrogenases that have specificity for MANNITOL. Enzymes in this category are generally classified according to their preference for a specific reducing cofactor.
Compounds that increase urine volume by increasing the amount of osmotically active solute in the urine. Osmotic diuretics also increase the osmolarity of plasma.
Derivatives of propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol). They are used as humectants and solvents in pharmaceutical preparations.
Exclusive legal rights or privileges applied to inventions, plants, etc.
Polyhydric alcohols having no more than one hydroxy group attached to each carbon atom. They are formed by the reduction of the carbonyl group of a sugar to a hydroxyl group.(From Dorland, 28th ed)
A subfamily of lysophospholipid receptors with specificity for LYSOSPHINGOLIPIDS such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosine phosphorylcholine.
Drugs whose drug name is not protected by a trademark. They may be manufactured by several companies.
An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)
BENZOIC ACID amides.

Metabolic characterization of Lactococcus lactis deficient in lactate dehydrogenase using in vivo 13C-NMR. (1/14)

The metabolism of glucose by nongrowing cells of Lactococcus lactis strain FI7851, constructed from the wild-type L. lactis strain MG1363 by disruption of the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) gene [Gasson, M.J., Benson, K., Swindel, S. & Griffin, H. (1996) Lait 76, 33-40] was studied in a noninvasive manner by 13C-NMR. The kinetics of the build-up and consumption of the pools of intracellular intermediates mannitol 1-phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate, and phosphoenolpyruvate as well as the utilization of [1-13C]glucose and formation of products (lactate, acetate, mannitol, ethanol, acetoin, 2,3-butanediol) were monitored in vivo with a time resolution of 30 s. The metabolism of glucose by the parental wild-type strain was also examined for comparison. A clear shift from typical homolactic fermentation (parental strain) to a mixed acid fermentation (lactate dehdydrogenase deficient; LDHd strain) was observed. Furthermore, high levels of mannitol were transiently produced and metabolized once glucose was depleted. Mannitol 1-phosphate accumulated intracellularly up to 76 mM concentration. Mannitol was formed from fructose 6-phosphate by the combined action of mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphatase. The results show that the formation of mannitol 1-phosphate by the LDHd strain during glucose catabolism is a consequence of impairment in NADH oxidation caused by a highly reduced LDH activity, the transient production of mannitol 1-phosphate serving as a regeneration pathway for NAD+ regeneration. Oxygen availability caused a drastic change in the pattern of intermediates and end-products, reinforcing the key-role of the fulfilment of the redox balance. The flux control coefficients for the step catalysed by mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase were calculated and the implications in the design of metabolic engineering strategies are discussed.  (+info)

Mannitol 1-phosphate metabolism is required for sporulation in planta of the wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum. (2/14)

An expressed sequence tag encoding a putative mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase (Mpd1) has been characterized from the fungal wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum. Mpd1 was disrupted by insertional mutagenesis, and the resulting mpd1 strains lacked all detectable NAD-linked mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.17). The growth rates, sporulation, and spore viability of the mutant strains in vitro were not significantly different from the wild type. The viability of the mpd1 spores when subjected to heat stress was comparable to wild type. Characterization of the sugar alcohol content by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that, when grown on glucose, the mutant strains contained significantly less mannitol, less arabitol, but more trehalose than the wild-type strains. The mannitol content of fructose-grown cultures was normal. No secreted mannitol could be detected in wild type or mutants. Pathogenicity assays revealed the disruption of Mpd1 did not affect lesion development, however the mutants were unable to sporulate. These results throw new light on the role of mannitol in fungal plant interactions, suggesting a role in metabolic and redox regulation during the critical process of sporulation on senescing leaf material.  (+info)

High resolution reaction intermediates of rabbit muscle fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase: substrate cleavage and induced fit. (3/14)

Crystal structures were determined to 1.8 A resolution of the glycolytic enzyme fructose-1,6-bis(phosphate) aldolase trapped in complex with its substrate and a competitive inhibitor, mannitol-1,6-bis(phosphate). The enzyme substrate complex corresponded to the postulated Schiff base intermediate and has reaction geometry consistent with incipient C3-C4 bond cleavage catalyzed Glu-187, which is adjacent by to the Schiff base forming Lys-229. Atom arrangement about the cleaved bond in the reaction intermediate mimics a pericyclic transition state occurring in nonenzymatic aldol condensations. Lys-146 hydrogen-bonds the substrate C4 hydroxyl and assists substrate cleavage by stabilizing the developing negative charge on the C4 hydroxyl during proton abstraction. Mannitol-1,6-bis(phosphate) forms a noncovalent complex in the active site whose binding geometry mimics the covalent carbinolamine precursor. Glu-187 hydrogen-bonds the C2 hydroxyl of the inhibitor in the enzyme complex, substantiating a proton transfer role by Glu-187 in catalyzing the conversion of the carbinolamine intermediate to Schiff base. Modeling of the acyclic substrate configuration into the active site shows Glu-187, in acid form, hydrogen-bonding both substrate C2 carbonyl and C4 hydroxyl, thereby aligning the substrate ketose for nucleophilic attack by Lys-229. The multifunctional role of Glu-187 epitomizes a canonical mechanistic feature conserved in Schiff base-forming aldolases catalyzing carbohydrate metabolism. Trapping of tagatose-1,6-bis(phosphate), a diastereoisomer of fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate), displayed stereospecific discrimination and reduced ketohexose binding specificity. Each ligand induces homologous conformational changes in two adjacent alpha-helical regions that promote phosphate binding in the active site.  (+info)

Effect of oxygen on glucose metabolism: utilization of lactate in Staphylococcus aureus as revealed by in vivo NMR studies. (4/14)

 (+info)

HPr/HPr-P phosphoryl exchange reaction catalyzed by the mannitol specific enzyme II of the bacterial phosphotransferase system. (5/14)

The mannitol specific Enzyme II of the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system of Escherichia coli catalyzes an exchange reaction in which a phosphoryl moiety is transferred from one molecule of the heat stable phosphocarrier protein HPr to another. An assay was developed for measuring this reaction. Unlabeled phospho-HPr and 125I-labeled free HPr were incubated together in the presence of Enzyme IImtl, and production of 125I-labeled phospho-HPr was measured. The reaction was concentration-dependent with respect to Enzyme IImtl and did not occur in its absence. The reaction occurred in the absence of Mg2+ in the presence of 10 mM EDTA. Treatment of Enzyme IImtl with the histidyl reagent diethylpyrocarbonate inactivated it with respect to the exchange reaction. Levels of N-ethylmaleimide which inactivate Enzyme IImtl with respect to both P-enolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of mannitol and mannitol/mannitol-1-P transphosphorylation did not affect its activity in the exchange reaction; however, treatment with another sulfhydryl reagent, p-chloromercuribenzoate, resulted in partial inactivation. The pH optimum for the Enzyme IImtl-catalyzed exchange reaction was about 7.5. Enzyme I and the glucose specific Enzyme III, two other E. coli phosphotransferase system proteins which, like Enzyme IImtl, interact directly with HPr, were also shown to catalyze 125I-HPr/HPr-P phosphoryl exchange.  (+info)

Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli. Chemical properties and binding of substrates. (6/14)

Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity, and some chemical and physical properties were examined. The isoelectric point is 4.19. Amino acid analysis and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in presence of SDS indicate a subunit Mr of about 22,000, whereas gel filtration and electrophoresis of the native enzyme indicate an Mr of 45,000. Thus the enzyme is a dimer. Amino acid analysis showed cysteine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan to be present in low quantities, one, three, four and four residues per subunit respectively. The zinc content is not significant to activity. The enzyme is inactivated (greater than 99%) by reaction of 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) with the single thiol group; the inactivation rate depends hyperbolically on reagent concentration, indicating non-covalent binding of the reagent before covalent modification. The pH-dependence indicated a pKa greater than 10.5 for the thiol group. Coenzymes (NAD+ and NADH) at saturating concentrations protect completely against reaction with 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate), and substrates (mannitol 1-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate) protect strongly but not completely. These results suggest that the thiol group is near the catalytic site, and indicate that substrates as well as coenzymes bind to free enzyme. Dissociation constants were determined from these protective effects: 0.6 +/- 0.1 microM for NADH, 0.2 +/- 0.03 mM for NAD+, 9 +/- 3 microM for mannitol 1-phosphate, 0.06 +/- 0.03 mM for fructose 6-phosphate. The binding order for reaction thus may be random for mannitol 1-phosphate oxidation, though ordered for fructose 6-phosphate reduction. Coenzyme and substrate binding in the E X NADH-mannitol 1-phosphate complex is weaker than in the binary complexes, though in the E X NADH+-fructose 6-phosphate complex binding is stronger.  (+info)

Conversion of D-mannitol to D-ribose: a newly discovered pathway in Escherichia coli. (7/14)

A mutant (mtlD) strain of Escherichia coli unable to oxidize mannitol-1-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate was used to study the fate of mannitol-1-phosphate. D-[1-14C]mannitol entered the cells via the phosphotransferase system and was phosphorylated equally at carbon 1 or 6. The label disappeared gradually from the mannitol-1-phosphate pool, and some 60% of the 14C was recovered in nucleic acids. Ribose was isolated from the purified RNA. The 14C label distribution in the isolated ribose precluded a simple hexose-to-pentose conversion by elimination of one terminal carbon from mannitol-1-phosphate. The 14C from mannitol-1-phosphate that did not enter macromolecules was found in CO2 and in some organic, non-phosphorylated compounds that were not identified. We suggest that the de novo synthesis of mannitol-1-phosphate in E. coli may be a reaction specifically dedicated to the biosynthesis of ribose.  (+info)

Genetic dissection of catalytic activities of the Salmonella typhimurium mannitol enzyme II. (8/14)

Approximately 60 mutants of Salmonella typhimurium were isolated which exhibited altered levels of the activities of the mannitol enzyme II. The mutants were grouped into six distinct categories based on their mannitol fermentation, transport, chemotaxis, and phosphorylation activities.  (+info)

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Mannitol Phosphates" is not a recognized medical term or concept in the way that, for example, "sodium chloride" is a specific chemical compound or "myocardial infarction" is a medical condition.

Mannitol is a sugar alcohol used as a medication, typically as an osmotic diuretic to reduce intracranial pressure or as a treatment for kidney failure. It can be administered intravenously or by mouth.

Phosphates, on the other hand, are a group of salts that contain the phosphate ion (PO43-). They have various uses in medicine and biology, such as in nutrition supplements, antacids, and laxatives.

It's possible that you may be looking for information on mannitol or phosphates separately, or there may be a specific medical context or compound that you have in mind. If you could provide more information about what you are looking for, I would be happy to help you further!

Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol (a sugar substitute) used primarily as a diuretic to reduce brain swelling caused by traumatic brain injury or other causes that induce increased pressure in the brain. It works by drawing water out of the body through the urine. It's also used before surgeries in the heart, lungs, and kidneys to prevent fluid buildup.

In addition, mannitol is used in medical laboratories as a medium for growing bacteria and other microorganisms, and in some types of chemical research. In the clinic, it is also used as an osmotic agent in eye drops to reduce the pressure inside the eye in conditions such as glaucoma.

It's important to note that mannitol should be used with caution in patients with heart or kidney disease, as well as those who are dehydrated, because it can lead to electrolyte imbalances and other complications.

Phosphates, in a medical context, refer to the salts or esters of phosphoric acid. Phosphates play crucial roles in various biological processes within the human body. They are essential components of bones and teeth, where they combine with calcium to form hydroxyapatite crystals. Phosphates also participate in energy transfer reactions as phosphate groups attached to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Additionally, they contribute to buffer systems that help maintain normal pH levels in the body.

Abnormal levels of phosphates in the blood can indicate certain medical conditions. High phosphate levels (hyperphosphatemia) may be associated with kidney dysfunction, hyperparathyroidism, or excessive intake of phosphate-containing products. Low phosphate levels (hypophosphatemia) might result from malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency, or certain diseases affecting the small intestine or kidneys. Both hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia can have significant impacts on various organ systems and may require medical intervention.

Mannitol dehydrogenases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of mannitol to mannose or the reverse reduction reaction, depending on the cofactor used. These enzymes play a crucial role in the metabolism of mannitol, a sugar alcohol found in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and plants.

There are two main types of mannitol dehydrogenases:

1. Mannitol-2-dehydrogenase (MT-2DH; EC 1.1.1.67): This enzyme oxidizes mannitol to fructose, using NAD+ as a cofactor. It is widely distributed in bacteria and fungi, contributing to their metabolic versatility.
2. Mannitol-1-dehydrogenase (MT-1DH; EC 1.1.1.17): This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of mannitol to mannose, using NADP+ as a cofactor. It is primarily found in plants and some bacteria, where it plays a role in osmoregulation and stress response.

In summary, mannitol dehydrogenases are enzymes that facilitate the interconversion of mannitol and its corresponding sugars (mannose or fructose) through oxidation-reduction reactions.

Osmotic diuretics are a type of diuretic medication that increase the excretion of urine by increasing the osmolarity of filtrate in the renal tubules. This is achieved by the drugs being freely filtered through the glomerulus and then not being reabsorbed in the tubules, which creates an osmotic gradient that promotes the movement of water into the tubular lumen, thereby increasing urine production.

Examples of osmotic diuretics include mannitol and urea. These medications are primarily used to promote diuresis in patients with conditions such as cerebral edema or increased intracranial pressure, as well as in the treatment of acute renal failure. It is important to note that osmotic diuretics can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances if not used carefully, so close monitoring of fluid and electrolyte levels is necessary during treatment.

Propylene glycol is not a medical term, but rather a chemical compound. Medically, it is classified as a humectant, which means it helps retain moisture. It is used in various pharmaceutical and cosmetic products as a solvent, preservative, and moisturizer. In medical settings, it can be found in topical creams, oral and injectable medications, and intravenous (IV) fluids.

The chemical definition of propylene glycol is:

Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propan-1,2-diol) is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2OH. It is a viscous, colorless, and nearly odorless liquid that is miscible with water, acetone, and chloroform. Propylene glycol is used as an antifreeze when mixed with water, as a solvent in the production of polymers, and as a moisturizer in various pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. It has a sweet taste and is considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as a food additive.

A patent, in the context of medicine and healthcare, generally refers to a government-granted exclusive right for an inventor to manufacture, use, or sell their invention for a certain period of time, typically 20 years from the filing date. In the medical field, patents may cover a wide range of inventions, including new drugs, medical devices, diagnostic methods, and even genetic sequences.

The purpose of patents is to provide incentives for innovation by allowing inventors to profit from their inventions. However, patents can also have significant implications for access to medical technologies and healthcare costs. For example, a patent on a life-saving drug may give the patent holder the exclusive right to manufacture and sell the drug, potentially limiting access and driving up prices.

It's worth noting that the patent system is complex and varies from country to country. In some cases, there may be ways to challenge or circumvent patents in order to increase access to medical technologies, such as through compulsory licensing or generic substitution.

Sugar alcohols, also known as polyols, are carbohydrates that are chemically similar to sugar but have a different molecular structure. They occur naturally in some fruits and vegetables, but most sugar alcohols used in food products are manufactured.

The chemical structure of sugar alcohols contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) instead of a hydrogen and a ketone or aldehyde group, which makes them less sweet than sugar and have fewer calories. They are not completely absorbed by the body, so they do not cause a rapid increase in blood glucose levels, making them a popular sweetener for people with diabetes.

Common sugar alcohols used in food products include xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, and maltitol. They are often used as sweeteners in sugar-free and low-sugar foods such as candy, chewing gum, baked goods, and beverages.

However, consuming large amounts of sugar alcohols can cause digestive symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea, due to their partial absorption in the gut. Therefore, it is recommended to consume them in moderation.

Lysosphingolipid receptors are a type of cell surface receptor that bind to lysosphingolipids, which are bioactive lipids derived from the degradation of sphingolipids. Sphingolipids are a class of lipids that play important roles in cell signaling and membrane structure.

Lysosphingolipids, such as lysosulfatide, lyso-Gb1 (lysoganglioside GM1), and lyso-PS (lysophosphatidylserine), have been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Lysosphingolipid receptors include several proteins, such as P2X7 receptor, G2A receptor, and Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member X2 (MRGX2), that have been identified to interact with lysosphingolipids and mediate their downstream signaling.

Abnormal accumulation of lysosphingolipids has been associated with several diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Therefore, understanding the biology of lysosphingolipid receptors may provide insights into the development of new therapeutic strategies for these diseases.

A generic drug is a medication that contains the same active ingredients as an originally marketed brand-name drug, known as its "innovator" or "reference listed" drug. The active ingredient is the component of the drug that is responsible for its therapeutic effect. Generic drugs are required to have the same quality, strength, purity, and stability as their brand-name counterparts. They must also meet the same rigorous Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standards regarding safety, effectiveness, and manufacturing.

Generic drugs are typically less expensive than their brand-name equivalents because generic manufacturers do not have to repeat the costly clinical trials that were required for the innovator drug. Instead, they demonstrate through bioequivalence studies that their product is therapeutically equivalent to the reference listed drug. This means that the generic drug delivers the same amount of active ingredient into a patient's bloodstream in the same timeframe as the brand-name drug.

In summary, generic drugs are copies of brand-name drugs with the same active ingredients, dosage forms, strengths, routes of administration, and intended uses. They must meet FDA regulations for safety, efficacy, and manufacturing standards, ensuring that they provide patients with the same therapeutic benefits as their brand-name counterparts at a more affordable price.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers, called myelin, leading to damage and scarring (sclerosis). This results in disrupted communication between the brain and the rest of the body, causing a variety of neurological symptoms that can vary widely from person to person.

The term "multiple" refers to the numerous areas of scarring that occur throughout the CNS in this condition. The progression, severity, and specific symptoms of MS are unpredictable and may include vision problems, muscle weakness, numbness or tingling, difficulty with balance and coordination, cognitive impairment, and mood changes. There is currently no cure for MS, but various treatments can help manage symptoms, modify the course of the disease, and improve quality of life for those affected.

Benzamides are a class of organic compounds that consist of a benzene ring (a aromatic hydrocarbon) attached to an amide functional group. The amide group can be bound to various substituents, leading to a variety of benzamide derivatives with different biological activities.

In a medical context, some benzamides have been developed as drugs for the treatment of various conditions. For example, danzol (a benzamide derivative) is used as a hormonal therapy for endometriosis and breast cancer. Additionally, other benzamides such as sulpiride and amisulpride are used as antipsychotic medications for the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders.

It's important to note that while some benzamides have therapeutic uses, others may be toxic or have adverse effects, so they should only be used under the supervision of a medical professional.

... mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, D-mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fructose 6-phosphate reductase. This enzyme ... a mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-mannitol 1-phosphate ... the two substrates of this enzyme are D-mannitol 1-phosphate and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are fructose 6-phosphate, NADH ... A. D-Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase from E. coli". Methods Enzymol. 1: 346-348. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(55)01050-1. Wolfe JB ...
The systematic name is D-mannitol-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase. This enzyme is also called mannitol-1-phosphate phosphatase. ... catalyzes the reaction D-mannitol 1-phosphate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-mannitol + phosphate This enzyme ... Yamada H, Okamoto K, Kodama K, Noguchi F, Tanaka S (May 1961). "Enzymatic studies on mannitol formation by Piricularia oryzae ... Rumpho ME, Edwards GE, Loescher WH (1983). "A Pathway for Photosynthetic Carbon Flow to Mannitol in Celery Leaves : Activity ...
It is converted to fructose by sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase. Sorbitol is an isomer of mannitol, another sugar alcohol; ... Kearsley, M. W.; Deis, R. C. Sorbitol and Mannitol. In Sweeteners and Sugar Alternatives in Food Technology; Ames: Oxford, 2006 ...
Liss M, Horwitz SB, Kaplan NO (1962). "D-Mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase and D-sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in ... D-fructose 6-phosphate + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-sorbitol 6-phosphate and NAD+, whereas its 3 ... D-sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, sorbitol-6-P-dehydrogenase, and D-glucitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. This enzyme ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-sorbitol-6-phosphate:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include ...
D-mannose 6-phosphate + NADPH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-mannitol 1-phosphate and NADP+, whereas its 3 ... In enzymology, a mannose-6-phosphate 6-reductase (EC 1.1.1.224) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-mannitol 1- ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-mannitol-1-phosphate:NADP+ 6-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include ... mannose-6-phosphate reductase, 6-phosphomannose reductase, NADP+-dependent mannose-6-P:mannitol-1-P oxidoreductase, NADPH- ...
Mannitol and large volume of saline were first used as bowel preparation agents prior to colonoscopy. As the use of Mannitol ... Phosphate nephropathy or nephrocalcinosis is an adverse renal condition that arises with a formation of phosphate crystals ... Via examining the urinary sediments, calcium phosphate crystals are identified, and the associated phosphate nephropathy is ... 2005 Apr;20(4):850-1. "Acute Phosphate Nephropathy following Oral Sodium Phosphate Bowel Purgative: An Underrecognized Cause of ...
In the case of glucose, the product of this phosphorylation is glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6P). Due to the negative charge of the ... The PTS transports sugars (such as glucose, mannose, and mannitol) into the cell. The first step of this reaction is ... In these reactions, a single triphosphate-nucleotide transfers two phosphates to two different acceptor molecules, resulting in ... A Where P is a phosphate group and A and B are the donating and accepting molecules, respectively. Phosphotransferases are ...
PMI is inhibited by erythrose 4-phosphate, mannitol 1-phosphate, and to a lesser extent, the alpha anomer of M6P. MPI must ... and mannose-6-phosphate (M6P). Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase may also enable the synthesis of GDP-mannose in eukaryotic ... Mannose-6 phosphate isomerase (MPI), alternately phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) (EC 5.3.1.8) is an enzyme which facilitates the ... M6P can be converted to F6P by mannose-6-phosphate isomerase and subsequently utilized in several metabolic pathways including ...
Specific xylulokinase phosphorylates it to D-xylulose-5-phosphate. This then goes to pentose phosphate pathway for further ... Xylitol has about the same sweetness as sucrose, but is sweeter than similar compounds like sorbitol and mannitol. Xylitol is ... which produces xylitol-5-phosphate as a product. Xylitol-5-phosphate competes with phosphofructokinase and therefore results in ... Xylitol has a lower laxation threshold than some sugar alcohols but is more easily tolerated than mannitol and sorbitol. ...
Since mannitol is widely used in pharmaceutical tablet formulations, mannitol polyamorphism offers a powerful tool to engineer ... Polyamorphism has been experimentally observed or theoretically suggested in silicon, liquid phosphorus, triphenyl phosphate, ... Mannitol is the first pharmaceutical substance featuring polyamorphism. In addition to the regular amorphous phase, a second ... Zhu, Men; Wang, Jun-Qiang; Perepezko, John H.; Yu, Lian (2015). "Possible existence of two amorphous phases of d-mannitol ...
Lactose was detected as a major diluent in the majority of the samples, followed by mannitol and then calcium phosphate dibasic ...
The interconversion of the phosphates of glyceraldehyde (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) and dihydroxyacetone (dihydroxyacetone ... Dhatrak, N. R.; Jagtap, T. N.; Shinde, A. B. (2022). "Preparation of 1,2:5,6-Di-O-cyclohexylidene-D-mannitol and 2,3- ... of mannitol. The enzyme glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP+) has two substrates, glycerol and NADP+, and 3 products, D-glyceraldehyde ... phosphate), catalyzed by the enzyme triosephosphate isomerase, is an intermediate step in glycolysis. Stereoisomerism Merck ...
... resulting in 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-mannitol (ADM), an essential precursor. Regio-selective oxidation by GutB1 occurs at the exposed ... opening the 6 member ring and producing fructose-6-phosphate. GabT1 catalyzes transamination at the C2 position, followed by a ...
... typically contains: Tryptone - 10.0 g/L Yeast extract - 5.0 g/L Mannitol - 10.0 g/L Dipotassium phosphate - ... by doubling the mannitol concentration to 1% (w/v) and adding Phenol red as a pH indicator. It is widely available commercially ...
... with other potassium salts B05XA07 Calcium chloride B05XA08 Sodium acetate B05XA09 Sodium phosphate B05XA10 Magnesium phosphate ... Electrolytes with carbohydrates B05BB03 Trometamol B05BB04 Electrolytes in combination with other drugs B05BC01 Mannitol ... citrate B05CB04 Sodium bicarbonate B05CB10 Combinations B05CX01 Glucose B05CX02 Sorbitol B05CX03 Glycine B05CX04 Mannitol ... Sodium bicarbonate B05XA03 Sodium chloride B05XA04 Ammonium chloride B05XA05 Magnesium sulfate B05XA06 Potassium phosphate, ...
... -1-phosphatase Mannitol 2-dehydrogenase Mannitol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP+) Mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase " ... Mannitol is the primary ingredient of mannitol salt agar, a bacterial growth medium, and is used in others. Mannitol is used as ... A fructose to mannitol metabolic pathway, known as the mannitol cycle in fungi, has been discovered in a type of red algae ( ... Mannitol is commonly used in the circuit prime of a heart lung machine during cardiopulmonary bypass. The presence of mannitol ...
... mannitol phosphates MeSH D09.853.609.500 - mitobronitol MeSH D09.853.813.480 - isosorbide MeSH D09.853.813.480.500 - isosorbide ... polyisoprenyl phosphate oligosaccharides The list continues at List of MeSH codes (D10). (Wikipedia articles in need of ... inositol phosphates MeSH D09.853.519.400.350 - inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate MeSH D09.853.519.400.700 - phytic acid MeSH D09.853 ... glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate MeSH D09.698.211.500 - chitosan MeSH D09.698.350.500 - inulin MeSH D09.698.360.041 - agar MeSH ...
... mannitol MeSH D02.033.800.609.450 - mannitol phosphates MeSH D02.033.800.609.500 - mitobronitol MeSH D02.033.800.780 - ribitol ... polyisoprenyl phosphates MeSH D02.455.849.690.250 - dolichol phosphates MeSH D02.455.849.690.700 - polyisoprenyl phosphate ... inositol phosphates MeSH D02.033.800.519.400.350 - inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate MeSH D02.033.800.519.400.700 - phytic acid MeSH ... tritolyl phosphates MeSH D02.755.410.350 - gallic acid MeSH D02.755.410.350.299 - hydrolyzable tannins MeSH D02.755.410.350.600 ...
D-mannitol, D-sorrbitol, D-arabitol, glycerol, D-glucose-6-phosphate, D-fructose-6-phosphate, D-alanine, L-aspartic acid, L- ...
... mannitol-1-phosphatase EC 3.1.3.23: sugar-phosphatase EC 3.1.3.24: sucrose-phosphatase EC 3.1.3.25: inositol-phosphate ... cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase EC 3.1.4.57: phosphoribosyl 1,2-cyclic phosphate 1,2-diphosphodiesterase * EC 3.1.4.58: RNA ... glycerol-3-phosphate-transporting ATPase EC 3.6.3.21: Now EC 7.4.2.1, ABC-type polar-amino-acid transporter EC 3.6.3.22: Now EC ... ABC-type phosphate transporter EC 3.6.3.28: Now EC 7.3.2.2, ABC-type phosphonate transporter EC 3.6.3.29: Now EC 7.3.2.5, ...
... mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.18: inositol 2-dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.19: glucuronate reductase EC 1.1.1.20: ... ribitol-5-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.138: mannitol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP+) EC 1.1.1.139: polyol dehydrogenase (NADP+). ... propanediol-phosphate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.8: glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) EC 1.1.1.9: D-xylulose reductase EC ... sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.262: 4-hydroxythreonine-4-phosphate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.263: 1,5-anhydro-D- ...
D-mannitol, D-arbitol, glycerol, D-glucose-6-phosphate, D-gluconic acid, quinic acid, D-saccharic acid, D-lactic acid methyl ...
These enzymes include BRN-1, vacuolar protease, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase, formate ... Magnesium sulphide and tripotassium phosphate support the growth and sporulation of C. pallescens whereas, ammonium sulphate ... and ammonium phosphate do not. Curvularia pallescens acts as a biological reducing agent of AgNO3, resulting in the production ...
A06AD12 Lactitol A06AD13 Sodium sulfate A06AD14 Pentaerithrityl A06AD15 Macrogol A06AD16 Mannitol A06AD17 Sodium phosphate ... combinations A06AG01 Sodium phosphate A06AG02 Bisacodyl A06AG03 Dantron, including combinations A06AG04 Glycerol A06AG06 Oil ...
... since it specifically transfers a phosphate group. Fructokinase specifically catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ... In Sinorhizobium meliloti, a common gram-soil bacterium, fructokinase is also used in the metabolism of mannitol and sorbitol, ... The reaction equation is as follows: ATP + D-fructose → ADP + D-fructose 1-phosphate. Fructokinase has been characterized from ... from D-xylulose via D-xylulose 1-phosphate. In rat liver cells (hepatocytes), GTP is also a substrate of fructokinase. It can ...
V04CF01 Tuberculin V04CG01 Cation exchange resins V04CG02 Betazole V04CG03 Histamine phosphate V04CG04 Pentagastrin V04CG05 ... QV04CV01 Lobeline V04CM01 Gonadorelin V04CX01 Indocyanine green V04CX02 Folic acid V04CX03 Methacholine V04CX04 Mannitol ...
ACD was developed into CPD (citrate-phosphate-dextrose) in 1957, a version with phosphate added intended to reduce phosphate ... CPD, in combination with adenine-mannitol additives such as SAGM, is the current blood bank preservative as of 2012. Although ... Gibson, J. G.; Kevy, S.; Pennell, R. (28 November 1968). "Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose: An Improved Anticoagulant Preservative ...
... glucose-6-phosphate isomerase MeSH D08.811.399.475.200.550 - mannose-6-phosphate isomerase MeSH D08.811.399.475.200.662 - ... mannitol dehydrogenase MeSH D08.811.682.047.150.900 - uridine diphosphate glucose dehydrogenase MeSH D08.811.682.047.180 - ... nucleoside-phosphate kinase MeSH D08.811.913.696.900 - transferases (other substituted phosphate groups) MeSH D08.811.913.696. ... UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase MeSH D08.811.913.696.445.900 - UTP-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase MeSH ...
... forming glucose-6-phosphate. The benefit of transforming glucose into glucose-6-phosphate is that it will not leak out of the ... mannitol, mannose, and lactose/chitobiose). To make things more complicated, IIA may be fused to IIB to form a single protein ... EI in turn transfers the phosphate to HPr. From HPr the phosphoryl is transferred to EIIA. EIIA is specific for glucose and it ... The transfer of a phosphate group to the substrate once it has been imported through the membrane transporter prevents the ...
This species contains the phospholipids: phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, and ... mannitol, fumarate, and malate as sources of carbon. H. paucihalophilus is aerobic, so it uses oxygen as a terminal electron ...
... mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, D-mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fructose 6-phosphate reductase. This enzyme ... a mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-mannitol 1-phosphate ... the two substrates of this enzyme are D-mannitol 1-phosphate and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are fructose 6-phosphate, NADH ... A. D-Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase from E. coli". Methods Enzymol. 1: 346-348. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(55)01050-1. Wolfe JB ...
Lycaon information about active ingredients, pharmaceutical forms and doses by Boehringer Ingelheim, Lycaon indications, usages and related health products lists
Enzymes of mannitol metabolism in the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus: kinetic properties of mannitol-1-phosphate ... Enzymes of mannitol metabolism in the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus: kinetic properties of mannitol-1-phosphate ... Enzymes of mannitol metabolism in the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus: kinetic properties of mannitol-1-phosphate ... Enzymes of mannitol metabolism in the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus: kinetic properties of mannitol-1-phosphate ...
dibasic sodium phosphate. *hypromellose. *mannitol. *macrogol 6000. *purified talc. *polysorbate80. *titanium dioxide ...
MANNITOL (UNII: 3OWL53L36A) (MANNITOL - UNII:3OWL53L36A) MANNITOL. 825 mg in 110 mL. ... SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, MONOHYDRATE (UNII: 593YOG76RN) (PHOSPHATE ION - UNII:NK08V8K8HR) SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ... Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Solution, USP (CPD) Blood-Pack Unit; Transfer-Pack Container with Adsol Red Cell ... ADSOL RED CELL PRESERVATION (anticoagulant citrate phosphate dextrose- cpd and adsol preservation kit. Number of versions: 2. ...
Sodium phosphate and 10% manitol solutions are equivalent in providing good quality colon cleansing, with no significant side ... Discussion: High levels of serum phosphate were the most striking alteration in patients prepared with sodium phosphate ... Results: Sodium phosphate and 10% manitol solutions provided superior results in terms of colon cleansing compared to sodium ... Conclusion: Sodium phosphate and 10% manitol solutions are equivalent in providing good quality colon cleansing, with no ...
2.5 mg tablets - Mannitol, dibasic calcium phosphate, pregelatinized starch*, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium ... 5 mg tablets - Mannitol, dibasic calcium phosphate, pregelatinized starch*, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium ... 10 mg tablets - Mannitol, dibasic calcium phosphate, pregelatinized starch*, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium ... 40 mg tablets - Mannitol, dibasic calcium phosphate, pregelatinized starch*, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium ...
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous (E339). Disodium phosphate anhydrous (E339). Mannitol (E421). Solvent (rear compartment): ...
Enhanced the production of mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase. [64]. glyoxalase II. Oryza sativa. 200 mM. Detoxification of ... Li H-W, Zang B-S, Deng X-W, Wang X-P. Overexpression of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene OsTPS1 enhances abiotic stress ... Tolerance of mannitol-accumulating transgenic wheat to water stress and salinity. Plant Physiology. 2003;131:1748-55. DOI: http ... Sickler CM, Edwards GE, Kiirats O, Gao Z, Loescher W. Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis. thaliana. to abiotic stress. ...
Their electrolytic compositions are similar, except that citrate replaces phosphate and mannitol replaces glucose. The citrate ... This solution contains sucrose 140 mmol/L and is buffered by phosphate. In experimental studies, it preserved dog kidneys for 3 ... EC, Euro-Collins; UW, University of Wisconsin; HOC, hypertonic citrate/Marshalls solution, PBS, phosphate-buffered sucrose; HTK ... Phosphate, histidine, N -(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine-N-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer ...
... phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. [52]. Hordeum. vulgare. Leaves and roots. HPLC. In roots:. CH: Sorbitol, mannitol and ... F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; F1,6Dip, fructose 1,6-diphosphate; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; G3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; PEP, ... F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; F1,6Dip, fructose 1,6-diphosphate; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; G3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; PEP, ... Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (mtlD). EFF7369098. E. coli. T. aestivum. Salinity and polyethylene glycol. [155]. ...
phosphate, alginate, pea starch, dextrin, cellulose,. *mannitol, citric acid. *Magnesium (as citrate, oxide)150 mg 40 % EC RDA* ...
Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate). Other Ingredients: In a base of mannitol, sorbitol and natural peppermint flavor. ... Other Ingredients: sorbitol, mannitol, natural orange flavor, stearic acid & magnesium stearate.. Warning: USE ONLY AT BEDTIME ... Other Ingredients: sorbitol, mannitol, natural orange flavor, stearic acid & magnesium stearate.. Warning: USE ONLY AT BEDTIME ... Other Ingredients: sorbitol, mannitol, natural orange flavor, stearic acid & magnesium stearate.. Warning: USE ONLY AT BEDTIME ...
Strains of Enteritidis and Typhimurium utilized sugars such as D-mannose and D-mannitol as carbon and energy sources better ... The sequences of nine genes involved in phosphate metabolism were compared, and there were differences between serovars in the ... Strains of S. Kentucky used more compounds as phosphorus sources and grew better with inorganic phosphate as the sole ... The sequences of nine genes involved in phosphate metabolism were compared, and there were differences between serovars in the ...
Fludarabine Phosphate Injection, USP: Each mL contains 25 mg fludarabine phosphate, 25 mg mannitol, water for injection, q.s.; ... Each mL contains 25 mg of fludarabine phosphate, 25 mg of mannitol, water for injection, q.s.; and sodium hydroxide to adjust ... Each mL contains 25 mg of the active ingredient fludarabine phosphate, 25 mg of mannitol, water for injection, q.s., and sodium ... Fludarabine phosphate was teratogenic in rats and in rabbits. Fludarabine phosphate was administered intravenously at doses of ...
Each vial contains 50 mg of fludara (fludarabine) bine phosphate, 50 mg of mannitol, and sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to 7.7. ... bine phosphate, 25 mg of mannitol, and sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 7.7. The pH range for the final product is 7.2-8.2 ... Fludara (fludarabine) bine phosphate was clastogenic in vitro to Chinese hamster ovary cells (chromosome aberrations in the ... Fludara (fludarabine) bine phosphate was not mutagenic to bacteria (Ames test) or mammalian cells (HGRPT assay in Chinese ...
... mannitol), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules, and ... Y-site: allopurinol, cisatracurium, etoposide phosphate, linezolid, ondansetron, propofol, vinorelbine. IV Preparation. ... Accumulation of mannitol due to insufficient renal excretion increases risk of hypervolemia; mannitol-induced osmotic diuresis ... dichlorphenamide and mannitol both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.. dichlorphenamide, mannitol. Either increases ...
Other Ingredients: Cellulose, Vegetable Cellulose Capsule, Calcium Phosphate, Mannitol, Magnesium Stearate and Silica ...
Excipients: Mannitol, Dextrose, Cellulose, Crospovidone, Calcium Carbonate, Xylitol, Dicalcium Phosphate, Vegetable Stearic ...
The point is that mannitol is a ubiquitous stabilizer/"bulking agent"/additive. The odds that you consume some mannitol with ... The 283 patent covers a solid combination of a sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist (fingolimod) and a sugar alcohol ... w]hile mannitol has some positive properties, it also has negative ones, including expense ... the court noted that the board considered the negative properties of using mannitol ...
... and Mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (MPD, T5AIP9) (Table 2). For examples, MPD, a main enzyme for mannitol biosynthesis, ... Mannitol metabolism in Lentinus edodes, the Shiitake mushroom.. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56:250-253 ... In brief, 0.5 g tissue was added with 2 ml Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) buffer containing 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 1.5 mM KH ... HPLC detection of soluble carbohydrates involved in mannitol and trehalose metabolism in the edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus. ...
Nonmedicinal ingredients: mannitol, phosphoric acid, L-methionine, Poloxamer 188, sodium hydroxide, disodium hydrogen phosphate ... Nonmedicinal ingredients: mannitol, phosphoric acid, L-methionine, Poloxamer 188, sodium hydroxide, and water for injection. ... dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate, and water for injection.. How should I use this medication?. The usual dose ...
COMPOSITION Acide Hyaluronique total ………………….. 24 mg Mannitol :41 mg/g Tampon phosphate sodium pH 7,1 q.s.p. 1g (contient du ... Mannitol is an antioxidant that acts as a free-radical scavenger to minimise degradation of HA when the filler is injected. ... The gel is made of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate in a physiological phosphate buffer, and will over time undergo slow ... What is Etermis 4 Etermis 4 is a Monophasic, cohesive, hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers combined with mannitol. ...
Other Ingredients: Isomalt, (disaccharides of dextrose/mannitol and dextrose/sorbitol), fructose, cellulose, dextrose, ... vegetable stearic acid, dicalcium phosphate, citric acid and natural cherry-pomegranate flavor.. Contains: Milk. ...
Dicalcium phosphate. Improved compatibility, especially for dry granulation. Mannitol. Improved flow, decreased lubrication ... Incorporation of excipients such as dicalcium phosphate or silicon dioxide into the MCC particle structure minimises the effect ...
Suvarna K, Bartiss A, Wong B: Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase from Cryptococcus neoformans is a zinc-containing long-chain ... The mycelia from the liquid culture (~2 g) were washed with physiological buffer solution (10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.0, ... required for the biosynthesis of mannitol, a crucial factor for stress tolerance and virulence in the animal pathogen ...
Anti-caking agents: vegetable magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide; Charging agents: dicalcium phosphate, microcrystalline ... cellulose, mannitol; Vegetable capsule: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.. Product reference. SKU: SOLG089. * Share Share on ...
phosphate-dextrose (CPD) preserved whole blood, followed by up to 20 days refrigerated storage, and ii) whether Trolox ... C in saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM). During storage, RBCs undergo several... ... supplemented to the blood bank-manufactured saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) preserved RBC units would offer better ...
Anyone with an allergy to Humira or to any of its ingredients, including sodium phosphate, sodium citrate, citric acid, ... mannitol and polysorbate 80, should not use the drug. Also, patients should tell their doctors of any allergies to rubber or ...
Acid (Citric Acid), Acidity Regulators (Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Sodium Carbonate), Bulking Agents (Isomalt, Mannitol, ... Riboflavin Sodium Phosphate, Salt, Thiamine Monophosphate Chloride, Colour (Allura Red, Carmoisine), Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, ...
  • Strains of S. Enteritidis had better utilization of plant-derived sugars such as xylose, mannitol, rhamnose, and fructose, while S. Typhimurium strains were able to metabolize tagatose. (usda.gov)
  • Each group was submitted to a bowel preparation with one of the following solutions: 10% manitol, sodium picosulphate or sodium phosphate. (nih.gov)
  • Postural blood pressure and pulse rate as well as serum sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphate were compared. (nih.gov)
  • Sodium phosphate and 10% manitol solutions provided superior results in terms of colon cleansing compared to sodium picosulphate solution. (nih.gov)
  • High levels of serum phosphate were the most striking alteration in patients prepared with sodium phosphate solution, again with no clinical signs. (nih.gov)
  • Sodium phosphate and 10% manitol solutions are equivalent in providing good quality colon cleansing, with no significant side effects that could compromise the procedure. (nih.gov)
  • Each mL contains 25 mg of the active ingredient fludarabine phosphate, 25 mg of mannitol, water for injection, q.s., and sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to 6.8. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of mannitol by Other (see comment). (medscape.com)
  • 24 mg Mannitol :41 mg/g Tampon phosphate sodium pH 7,1 q.s.p. 1g (contient du mannitol). (pearltrees.com)
  • In enzymology, a mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-mannitol 1-phosphate + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-fructose 6-phosphate + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-mannitol 1-phosphate and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are fructose 6-phosphate, NADH and H+. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other names in common use include hexose reductase, mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, D-mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fructose 6-phosphate reductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The sequences of nine genes involved in phosphate metabolism were compared, and there were differences between serovars in the catalytic - ATP binding domain of the histidine kinase phoR. (usda.gov)
  • Jacobson, G.R., Lee, C.A. and Saier, M.H., Jr. Purification of the mannitol-specific enzyme II of the Escherichia coli phospho enol pyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Elferink, M.G., Driessen, A.J. and Robillard, G.T. Functional reconstitution of the purified phospho enol pyruvate-dependent mannitol-specific transport system of Escherichia coli in phospholipid vesicles: coupling between transport and phosphorylation. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Boer, H., ten Hoeve-Duurkens, R.H. and Robillard, G.T. Relation between the oligomerization state and the transport and phosphorylation function of the Escherichia coli mannitol transport protein: interaction between mannitol-specific enzyme II monomers studied by complementation of inactive site-directed mutants. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Strains of Enteritidis and Typhimurium utilized sugars such as D-mannose and D-mannitol as carbon and energy sources better than strains of Kentucky. (usda.gov)
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-mannitol-1-phosphate:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The reaction involves a successive transfer of the phosphate group to several amino acids within the enzyme before the final transfer to the substrate. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Lee, C.A. and Saier, M.H., Jr. Mannitol-specific enzyme II of the bacterial phosphotransferase system. (enzyme-database.org)
  • dichlorphenamide and mannitol both decrease serum potassium. (medscape.com)
  • Phase I studies in humans have demonstrated that fludarabine phosphate is rapidly converted to the active metabolite, 2-fluoro-ara-A, within minutes after intravenous infusion. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • The phosphate donor, which is shared among the different systems, is a phospho-carrier protein of low molecular mass that has been phosphorylated by EC 2.7.3.9 (phospho enol pyruvate-protein phosphotransferase). (enzyme-database.org)
  • Salmonella Kentucky strains showed better utilization of inorganic phosphate as the sole phosphorus source than the other strains. (usda.gov)
  • Strains of S. Kentucky used more compounds as phosphorus sources and grew better with inorganic phosphate as the sole phosphorus source. (usda.gov)
  • mannitol increases levels of tobramycin by unspecified interaction mechanism. (medscape.com)
  • Fludarabine Phosphate Injection, USP is a sterile solution intended for intravenous administration. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Here, the court noted that the board considered the negative properties of using mannitol (teaching-away), but was not convinced, and sufficient evidence supported the Board's decision. (patentlyo.com)
  • In a lengthy brief, Novartis' discussion was relegated to one passing, unsupported sentence, stating that "[w]hile mannitol has some positive properties, it also has negative ones, including expense, poor machinability and possible impurities. (patentlyo.com)
  • The chemical name for fludarabine phosphate is 9 H -Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5- O -phosphono-ß-D-arabinofuranosyl) (2-fluoro-ara-AMP). (guidelinecentral.com)
  • mannitol decreases levels of magnesium chloride by increasing renal clearance. (medscape.com)
  • lurasidone increases effects of mannitol by Other (see comment). (medscape.com)
  • Limited pharmacokinetic data for fludarabine phosphate for injection are available from a published study of children (ages 1 to 21 years) with refractory acute leukemias or solid tumors (Children's Cancer Group Study 097). (guidelinecentral.com)
  • In the present study, novel co-processed superdisintegrants were developed by spray drying method using microcrystalline cellulose and mannitol in different ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) for use in the fast dissolving tablet formulations. (banglajol.info)
  • Among the designed formulations, the formulation (MCM 3 ) containing 8 % w/w of co-processed superdisintegrant (1:3 mixture of microcrystalline cellulose and mannitol) emerged as the overall best formulation (t 50% 1.6 min) based on drug release characteristics in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer compared to commercial conventional tablet formulation (t 50% 6 min). (banglajol.info)
  • In enzymology, a mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-mannitol 1-phosphate + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-fructose 6-phosphate + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-mannitol 1-phosphate and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are fructose 6-phosphate, NADH and H+. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other names in common use include hexose reductase, mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, D-mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fructose 6-phosphate reductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inactive ingredients are dibasic calcium phosphate, magnesium stearate, mannitol, pregelatinized starch (maize starch) and starch. (nih.gov)
  • RESULTS: Besides trehalose as major compatible solute, R. etli CE3 also accumulated glutamate and, if present in the medium, mannitol. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pigmentation can be induced by culturing bacteria into 30% milk agar, potato, and 1% glycerol monoacetate or phosphate agar. (universe84a.com)
  • A Pathway for Photosynthetic Carbon Flow to Mannitol in Celery Leaves : Activity and Localization of Key Enzymes. (genome.jp)