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Mandibular NeoplasmsMandibular DiseasesRadiography, PanoramicJaw, EdentulousMandibular CondyleChinCephalometryMaxillaMandibular InjuriesRetrognathiaFacial BonesOsteogenesis, DistractionTemporomandibular JointDental Implantation, EndosseousBite ForceAlveolar ProcessMasticationDental ImplantsOdontogenic TumorsJawSkullJaw Fixation TechniquesMolarJaw NeoplasmsMasticatory MusclesFacial AsymmetryDental Prosthesis, Implant-SupportedAmeloblastomaMaxillary DiseasesOsteoradionecrosisOral Surgical ProceduresMandibular NerveMalocclusion, Angle Class IIIDental OcclusionIncisorMandibular AdvancementMicrognathismToothDenture, OverlayCone-Beam Computed TomographyOdontogenic CystsHyoid BoneVertical DimensionMasseter MuscleMalocclusion, Angle Class IIDental ArchDentitionJaw CystsBicuspidAlveolar Ridge AugmentationMaxillary NeoplasmsExtraoral Traction AppliancesSkull BaseOrthodontic Appliances, FunctionalPterygoid MusclesOcclusal SplintsPierre Robin SyndromeAlveolar Bone LossCuspidBone RegenerationOdontomaOrthodontic Appliance DesignOsteomaOrthognathic Surgical ProceduresPrognathismOsteolysis, EssentialStomatognathic SystemMalocclusionJaw DiseasesModels, AnatomicAnatomic LandmarksTooth, ImpactedCementomaX-Ray MicrotomographyTemporal MuscleActivator AppliancesPalateNasal BoneMandibular OsteotomyJaw, Edentulous, PartiallyMouth, EdentulousZygomaMalocclusion, Angle Class IOverbiteGingival NeoplasmsFossilsTooth ExtractionCraniologyDental Prosthesis DesignGranuloma, Giant CellTooth SocketDental Occlusion, CentricCraniofacial AbnormalitiesFinite Element AnalysisImaging, Three-DimensionalPalatal Expansion TechniqueDentition, MixedJaw FracturesMolar, ThirdCentric RelationBone RemodelingTomography, X-Ray ComputedPaleodontologyTongueCherubismRadiographic MagnificationFree Tissue FlapsOsteogenesisOdontogenesisDental ModelsRadiography, DentalOsteotomyTooth AbnormalitiesOrthodontic RetainersAnatomic VariationTooth EruptionOrthodontics, InterceptiveHominidaeSerial ExtractionFibroma, DesmoplasticFacial InjuriesOsteonecrosisHyperostosisOrthodontics, CorrectiveFibrous Dysplasia, MonostoticTemporomandibular Joint DisordersTooth CalcificationTooth AttritionAnthropologyBlade ImplantationSella TurcicaMicroradiographyReconstructive Surgical ProceduresBiomechanical PhenomenaHaversian SystemDental Prosthesis RetentionDenture, CompleteAnatomy, ComparativeTooth MovementTooth, SupernumeraryDental Stress AnalysisPeriodontal LigamentTemporal BoneOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresPaleontologyBone MatrixLipOsteotomy, Le FortStress, MechanicalFaceDenture RetentionCadaverOral HemorrhageFelidaeFibulaDiastemaSurgery, OralTooth CrownMaxillary FracturesBeetlesRadiometric DatingOrthodontic AppliancesCartilageAnodontiaChondrosarcoma, MesenchymalImage Processing, Computer-AssistedTrigeminal Nerve InjuriesJaw Relation RecordOsteomyelitisBone SubstitutesTooth RootPatient Care PlanningEuthanasia, AnimalHyperostosis, Cortical, CongenitalBranchial RegionTooth ApexMyofibromaPeriapical DiseasesFrontal BoneBone DensityHeadPeriosteumHumpback WhaleTomography Scanners, X-Ray ComputedMaxillofacial InjuriesOpen BiteBone Cysts, AneurysmalBiological EvolutionMouth FloorMouth NeoplasmsOsseointegrationAnatomy, Cross-SectionalGlossectomyTemporomandibular Joint DiscBone and BonesFibrous Dysplasia of BoneBone TransplantationSotos SyndromeTooth, UneruptedGingival HyperplasiaTooth, Deciduous
Mandibular Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.Mandibular DiseasesRadiography, Panoramic: Extraoral body-section radiography depicting an entire maxilla, or both maxilla and mandible, on a single film.Jaw, Edentulous: The total absence of teeth from either the mandible or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW, EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.Mandibular Condyle: The posterior process on the ramus of the mandible composed of two parts: a superior part, the articular portion, and an inferior part, the condylar neck.Chin: The anatomical frontal portion of the mandible, also known as the mentum, that contains the line of fusion of the two separate halves of the mandible (symphysis menti). This line of fusion divides inferiorly to enclose a triangular area called the mental protuberance. On each side, inferior to the second premolar tooth, is the mental foramen for the passage of blood vessels and a nerve.Cephalometry: The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD.Maxilla: One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.Mandibular Injuries: Injuries to the lower jaw bone.Retrognathia: A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede relative to the frontal plane of the forehead.Facial Bones: The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid (HYOID BONE), palatine (HARD PALATE), and zygomatic (ZYGOMA) bones, MANDIBLE, and MAXILLA, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p113)Osteogenesis, Distraction: Bone lengthening by gradual mechanical distraction. An external fixation device produces the distraction across the bone plate. The technique was originally applied to long bones but in recent years the method has been adapted for use with mandibular implants in maxillofacial surgery.Temporomandibular Joint: An articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone.Dental Implantation, Endosseous: Insertion of an implant into the bone of the mandible or maxilla. The implant has an exposed head which protrudes through the mucosa and is a prosthodontic abutment.Bite Force: The force applied by the masticatory muscles in dental occlusion.Alveolar Process: The thickest and spongiest part of the maxilla and mandible hollowed out into deep cavities for the teeth.Mastication: The act and process of chewing and grinding food in the mouth.Dental Implants: Biocompatible materials placed into (endosseous) or onto (subperiosteal) the jawbone to support a crown, bridge, or artificial tooth, or to stabilize a diseased tooth.Odontogenic Tumors: Neoplasms produced from tooth-forming tissues.Jaw: Bony structure of the mouth that holds the teeth. It consists of the MANDIBLE and the MAXILLA.Skull: The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.Jaw Fixation Techniques: The stable placement of surgically induced fractures of the mandible or maxilla through the use of elastics, wire ligatures, arch bars, or other splints. It is used often in the cosmetic surgery of retrognathism and prognathism. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p636)Molar: The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)Jaw Neoplasms: Cancers or tumors of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE unspecified. For neoplasms of the maxilla, MAXILLARY NEOPLASMS is available and of the mandible, MANDIBULAR NEOPLASMS is available.Masticatory Muscles: Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed)Facial Asymmetry: Congenital or acquired asymmetry of the face.Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported: A prosthesis that gains its support, stability, and retention from a substructure that is implanted under the soft tissues of the basal seat of the device and is in contact with bone. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Ameloblastoma: An immature epithelial tumor of the JAW originating from the epithelial rests of Malassez or from other epithelial remnants of the ENAMEL from the developmental period. It is a slowly growing tumor, usually benign, but displays a marked propensity for invasive growth.Maxillary DiseasesOsteoradionecrosis: Necrosis of bone following radiation injury.Oral Surgical Procedures: Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region.Mandibular Nerve: A branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The mandibular nerve carries motor fibers to the muscles of mastication and sensory fibers to the teeth and gingivae, the face in the region of the mandible, and parts of the dura.Malocclusion, Angle Class III: Malocclusion in which the mandible is anterior to the maxilla as reflected by the first relationship of the first permanent molar (mesioclusion).Dental Occlusion: The relationship of all the components of the masticatory system in normal function. It has special reference to the position and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth for the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p556, p472)Incisor: Any of the eight frontal teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) having a sharp incisal edge for cutting food and a single root, which occurs in man both as a deciduous and a permanent tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p820)Mandibular Advancement: Moving a retruded mandible forward to a normal position. It is commonly performed for malocclusion and retrognathia. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Micrognathism: Abnormally small jaw.Tooth: One of a set of bone-like structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing.Denture, Overlay: Removable prosthesis constructed over natural teeth or implanted studs.Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: Computed tomography modalities which use a cone or pyramid-shaped beam of radiation.Odontogenic Cysts: Cysts found in the jaws and arising from epithelium involved in tooth formation. They include follicular cysts (e.g., primordial cyst, dentigerous cyst, multilocular cyst), lateral periodontal cysts, and radicular cysts. They may become keratinized (odontogenic keratocysts). Follicular cysts may give rise to ameloblastomas and, in rare cases, undergo malignant transformation.Hyoid Bone: A mobile U-shaped bone that lies in the anterior part of the neck at the level of the third CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. The hyoid bone is suspended from the processes of the TEMPORAL BONES by ligaments, and is firmly bound to the THYROID CARTILAGE by muscles.Vertical Dimension: The length of the face determined by the distance of separation of jaws. Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD or VDO) or contact vertical dimension is the lower face height with the teeth in centric occlusion. Rest vertical dimension (VDR) is the lower face height measured from a chin point to a point just below the nose, with the mandible in rest position. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p250)Masseter Muscle: A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws.Malocclusion, Angle Class II: Malocclusion in which the mandible is posterior to the maxilla as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (distoclusion).Dental Arch: The curve formed by the row of TEETH in their normal position in the JAW. The inferior dental arch is formed by the mandibular teeth, and the superior dental arch by the maxillary teeth.Dentition: The teeth collectively in the dental arch. Dentition ordinarily refers to the natural teeth in position in their alveoli. Dentition referring to the deciduous teeth is DENTITION, PRIMARY; to the permanent teeth, DENTITION, PERMANENT. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)Jaw Cysts: Saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also nonepithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g., traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal bone cyst. True jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or nonodontogenic.Bicuspid: One of the eight permanent teeth, two on either side in each jaw, between the canines (CUSPID) and the molars (MOLAR), serving for grinding and crushing food. The upper have two cusps (bicuspid) but the lower have one to three. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p822)Alveolar Ridge Augmentation: Preprosthetic surgery involving rib, cartilage, or iliac crest bone grafts, usually autologous, or synthetic implants for rebuilding the alveolar ridge.Maxillary Neoplasms: Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.Extraoral Traction Appliances: Extraoral devices for applying force to the dentition in order to avoid some of the problems in anchorage control met with in intermaxillary traction and to apply force in directions not otherwise possible.Skull Base: The inferior region of the skull consisting of an internal (cerebral), and an external (basilar) surface.Orthodontic Appliances, Functional: Loose, usually removable intra-oral devices which alter the muscle forces against the teeth and craniofacial skeleton. These are dynamic appliances which depend on altered neuromuscular action to effect bony growth and occlusal development. They are usually used in mixed dentition to treat pediatric malocclusions. (ADA, 1992)Pterygoid Muscles: Two of the masticatory muscles: the internal, or medial, pterygoid muscle and external, or lateral, pterygoid muscle. Action of the former is closing the jaws and that of the latter is opening the jaws, protruding the mandible, and moving the mandible from side to side.Occlusal Splints: Rigid or flexible appliances that overlay the occlusal surfaces of the teeth. They are used to treat clenching and bruxism and their sequelae, and to provide temporary relief from muscle or temporomandibular joint pain.Pierre Robin Syndrome: Congenital malformation characterized by MICROGNATHIA or RETROGNATHIA; GLOSSOPTOSIS and CLEFT PALATE. The mandibular abnormalities often result in difficulties in sucking and swallowing. The syndrome may be isolated or associated with other syndromes (e.g., ANDERSEN SYNDROME; CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA). Developmental mis-expression of SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR gene on chromosome 17q and its surrounding region is associated with the syndrome.Alveolar Bone Loss: Resorption or wasting of the tooth-supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS) in the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE.Cuspid: The third tooth to the left and to the right of the midline of either jaw, situated between the second INCISOR and the premolar teeth (BICUSPID). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p817)Bone Regeneration: Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.Odontoma: A mixed tumor of odontogenic origin, in which both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells exhibit complete differentiation, resulting in the formation of tooth structures. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)Orthodontic Appliance Design: The planning, calculation, and creation of an apparatus for the purpose of correcting the placement or straightening of teeth.Osteoma: A benign tumor composed of bone tissue or a hard tumor of bonelike structure developing on a bone (homoplastic osteoma) or on other structures (heteroplastic osteoma). (From Dorland, 27th ed)Orthognathic Surgical Procedures: Surgery performed to repair or correct the skeletal anomalies of the jaw and its associated dental and facial structures (e.g. CLEFT PALATE).Prognathism: A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)Osteolysis, Essential: Syndromes of bone destruction where the cause is not obvious such as neoplasia, infection, or trauma. The destruction follows various patterns: massive (Gorham disease), multicentric (HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME), or carpal/tarsal.Stomatognathic System: The mouth, teeth, jaws, pharynx, and related structures as they relate to mastication, deglutition, and speech.Malocclusion: Such malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as to interfere with the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)Jaw DiseasesModels, Anatomic: Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. Models may be used in place of intact animals or organisms for teaching, practice, and study.Anatomic Landmarks: Reference points located by visual inspection, palpation, or computer assistance, that are useful in localizing structures on or within the human body.Tooth, Impacted: A tooth that is prevented from erupting by a physical barrier, usually other teeth. Impaction may also result from orientation of the tooth in an other than vertical position in the periodontal structures.Cementoma: An odontogenic fibroma in which cells have developed into cementoblasts and which consists largely of cementum.X-Ray Microtomography: X-RAY COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY with resolution in the micrometer range.Temporal Muscle: A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws; its posterior portion retracts the mandible.Activator Appliances: Loose-fitting removable orthodontic appliances which redirect the pressures of the facial and masticatory muscles onto the teeth and their supporting structures to produce improvements in tooth arrangements and occlusal relations.Palate: The structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It consists of the anterior hard palate (PALATE, HARD) and the posterior soft palate (PALATE, SOFT).Nasal Bone: Either one of the two small elongated rectangular bones that together form the bridge of the nose.Mandibular Osteotomy: Intraoral OSTEOTOMY of the lower jaw usually performed in order to correct MALOCCLUSION.Jaw, Edentulous, Partially: Absence of teeth from a portion of the mandible and/or maxilla.Mouth, Edentulous: Total lack of teeth through disease or extraction.Zygoma: Either of a pair of bones that form the prominent part of the CHEEK and contribute to the ORBIT on each side of the SKULL.Malocclusion, Angle Class I: Malocclusion in which the mandible and maxilla are anteroposteriorly normal as reflected by the relationship of the first permanent molar (i.e., in neutroclusion), but in which individual teeth are abnormally related to each other.Overbite: A malocclusion in which maxillary incisor and canine teeth project over the mandiblar teeth excessively. The overlap is measured perpendicular to the occlusal plane and is also called vertical overlap. When the overlap is measured parallel to the occlusal plane it is referred to as overjet.Gingival NeoplasmsFossils: Remains, impressions, or traces of animals or plants of past geological times which have been preserved in the earth's crust.Tooth Extraction: The surgical removal of a tooth. (Dorland, 28th ed)Craniology: The scientific study of variations in size, shape, and proportion of the cranium.Dental Prosthesis Design: The plan and delineation of dental prostheses in general or a specific dental prosthesis. It does not include DENTURE DESIGN. The framework usually consists of metal.Granuloma, Giant Cell: A non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion, usually of the jaw or gingiva, containing large, multinucleated cells. It includes reparative giant cell granuloma. Peripheral giant cell granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis); central refers to the jaw.Tooth Socket: A hollow part of the alveolar process of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE where each tooth fits and is attached via the periodontal ligament.Dental Occlusion, Centric: Contact between opposing teeth during a person's habitual bite.Craniofacial Abnormalities: Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones.Finite Element Analysis: A computer based method of simulating or analyzing the behavior of structures or components.Imaging, Three-Dimensional: The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.Palatal Expansion Technique: An orthodontic method used for correcting narrow or collapsed maxillary arches and functional cross-bite. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry),Dentition, Mixed: The complement of teeth in the jaws after the eruption of some of the permanent teeth but before all the deciduous teeth are absent. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Jaw Fractures: Fractures of the upper or lower jaw.Molar, Third: The aftermost permanent tooth on each side in the maxilla and mandible.Centric Relation: The location of the maxillary and the mandibular condyles when they are in their most posterior and superior positions in their fossae of the temporomandibular joint.Bone Remodeling: The continuous turnover of BONE MATRIX and mineral that involves first an increase in BONE RESORPTION (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive BONE FORMATION (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium HOMEOSTASIS. An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as OSTEOPOROSIS.Tomography, X-Ray Computed: Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.Paleodontology: The study of the teeth of early forms of life through fossil remains.Tongue: A muscular organ in the mouth that is covered with pink tissue called mucosa, tiny bumps called papillae, and thousands of taste buds. The tongue is anchored to the mouth and is vital for chewing, swallowing, and for speech.Cherubism: A fibro-osseous hereditary disease of the jaws. The swollen jaws and raised eyes give a cherubic appearance; multiple radiolucencies are evident upon radiographic examination.Radiographic Magnification: Use of optic and geometric techniques to enhance radiographic image quality and interpretation. It includes use of microfocal X-ray tubes and intensifying fluoroscopic screens.Free Tissue Flaps: A mass of tissue that has been cut away from its surrounding areas to be used in TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION.Osteogenesis: The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.Odontogenesis: The process of TOOTH formation. It is divided into several stages including: the dental lamina stage, the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage. Odontogenesis includes the production of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS), dentin (DENTINOGENESIS), and dental cementum (CEMENTOGENESIS).Dental Models: Presentation devices used for patient education and technique training in dentistry.Radiography, Dental: Radiographic techniques used in dentistry.Osteotomy: The surgical cutting of a bone. (Dorland, 28th ed)Tooth Abnormalities: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the teeth.Orthodontic Retainers: Orthodontic appliances, fixed or removable, used to maintain teeth in corrected positions during the period of functional adaptation following corrective treatment. These appliances are also used to maintain the positions of the teeth and jaws gained by orthodontic procedures. (From Zwemer, Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p263)Anatomic Variation: Peculiarities associated with the internal structure, form, topology, or architecture of organisms that distinguishes them from others of the same species or group.Tooth Eruption: The emergence of a tooth from within its follicle in the ALVEOLAR PROCESS of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE into the ORAL CAVITY. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)Orthodontics, Interceptive: Recognition and elimination of potential irregularities and malpositions in the developing dentofacial complex.Hominidae: Family of the suborder HAPLORHINI (Anthropoidea) comprising bipedal primate MAMMALS. It includes modern man (HOMO SAPIENS) and the great apes: gorillas (GORILLA GORILLA), chimpanzees (PAN PANISCUS and PAN TROGLODYTES), and orangutans (PONGO PYGMAEUS).Serial Extraction: The selective extraction of deciduous teeth during the stage of mixed dentition in accordance with the shedding and eruption of the teeth. It is done over an extended period to allow autonomous adjustment to relieve crowding of the dental arches during the eruption of the lateral incisors, canines, and premolars, eventually involving the extraction of the first premolar teeth. (Dorland, 28th ed)Fibroma, Desmoplastic: A extremely rare bone tumor characterized by abundant collagen formation and a fibrous stroma, without evidence of mitosis or pleomorphism. It appears on x-rays as an osteolytic lesion with well-defined margins and must be differentiated from primary fibrosarcoma of bone. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1441)Facial Injuries: General or unspecified injuries to the soft tissue or bony portions of the face.Osteonecrosis: Death of a bone or part of a bone, either atraumatic or posttraumatic.Hyperostosis: Increase in the mass of bone per unit volume.Orthodontics, Corrective: The phase of orthodontics concerned with the correction of malocclusion with proper appliances and prevention of its sequelae (Jablonski's Illus. Dictionary of Dentistry).Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic: FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF BONE involving only one bone.Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)Tooth Calcification: The process whereby calcium salts are deposited in the dental enamel. The process is normal in the development of bones and teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p43)Tooth Attrition: The wearing away of a tooth as a result of tooth-to-tooth contact, as in mastication, occurring only on the occlusal, incisal, and proximal surfaces. It is chiefly associated with aging. It is differentiated from TOOTH ABRASION (the pathologic wearing away of the tooth substance by friction, as brushing, bruxism, clenching, and other mechanical causes) and from TOOTH EROSION (the loss of substance caused by chemical action without bacterial action). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p86)Anthropology: The science devoted to the comparative study of man.Blade Implantation: Insertion of an endosseous implant with a narrow wedge-shaped infrastructure extending through the oral mucosa into the mouth and bearing openings or vents through which tissue grows to obtain retention.Sella Turcica: A bony prominence situated on the upper surface of the body of the sphenoid bone. It houses the PITUITARY GLAND.Microradiography: Production of a radiographic image of a small or very thin object on fine-grained photographic film under conditions which permit subsequent microscopic examination or enlargement of the radiograph at linear magnifications of up to several hundred and with a resolution approaching the resolving power of the photographic emulsion (about 1000 lines per millimeter).Reconstructive Surgical Procedures: Procedures used to reconstruct, restore, or improve defective, damaged, or missing structures.Biomechanical Phenomena: The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.Haversian System: A circular structural unit of bone tissue. It consists of a central hole, the Haversian canal through which blood vessels run, surrounded by concentric rings, called lamellae.Dental Prosthesis Retention: Holding a DENTAL PROSTHESIS in place by its design, or by the use of additional devices or adhesives.Denture, Complete: A denture replacing all natural teeth and associated structures in both the maxilla and mandible.Anatomy, Comparative: The comparative study of animal structure with regard to homologous organs or parts. (Stedman, 25th ed)Tooth Movement: Orthodontic techniques used to correct the malposition of a single tooth.Tooth, Supernumerary: An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their eruption.Dental Stress Analysis: The description and measurement of the various factors that produce physical stress upon dental restorations, prostheses, or appliances, materials associated with them, or the natural oral structures.Periodontal Ligament: The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).Temporal Bone: Either of a pair of compound bones forming the lateral (left and right) surfaces and base of the skull which contains the organs of hearing. It is a large bone formed by the fusion of parts: the squamous (the flattened anterior-superior part), the tympanic (the curved anterior-inferior part), the mastoid (the irregular posterior portion), and the petrous (the part at the base of the skull).Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures: Attachment of orthodontic devices and materials to the MOUTH area for support and to provide a counterforce to orthodontic forces.Paleontology: The study of early forms of life through fossil remains.Bone Matrix: Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.Lip: Either of the two fleshy, full-blooded margins of the mouth.Osteotomy, Le Fort: Transverse sectioning and repositioning of the maxilla. There are three types: Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement or the treatment of maxillary fractures; Le Fort II osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures; Le Fort III osteotomy for the treatment of maxillary fractures with fracture of one or more facial bones. Le Fort III is often used also to correct craniofacial dysostosis and related facial abnormalities. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1203 & p662)Stress, Mechanical: A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area.Face: The anterior portion of the head that includes the skin, muscles, and structures of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, and jaw.Denture Retention: The retention of a denture in place by design, device, or adhesion.Cadaver: A dead body, usually a human body.Oral Hemorrhage: Bleeding from the blood vessels of the mouth, which may occur as a result of injuries to the mouth, accidents in oral surgery, or diseases of the gums.Felidae: The cat family in the order CARNIVORA comprised of muscular, deep-chested terrestrial carnivores with a highly predatory lifestyle.Fibula: The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones.Diastema: An abnormal opening or fissure between two adjacent teeth.Surgery, Oral: A dental specialty concerned with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disease, injuries, and defects of the human oral and maxillofacial region.Tooth Crown: The upper part of the tooth, which joins the lower part of the tooth (TOOTH ROOT) at the cervix (TOOTH CERVIX) at a line called the cementoenamel junction. The entire surface of the crown is covered with enamel which is thicker at the extremity and becomes progressively thinner toward the cervix. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p216)Maxillary Fractures: Fractures of the upper jaw.Beetles: INSECTS of the order Coleoptera, containing over 350,000 species in 150 families. They possess hard bodies and their mouthparts are adapted for chewing.Radiometric Dating: Techniques used to determine the age of materials, based on the content and half-lives of the RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES they contain.Orthodontic Appliances: Devices used for influencing tooth position. Orthodontic appliances may be classified as fixed or removable, active or retaining, and intraoral or extraoral. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p19)Cartilage: A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are three major types: HYALINE CARTILAGE; FIBROCARTILAGE; and ELASTIC CARTILAGE.Anodontia: Congenital absence of the teeth; it may involve all (total anodontia) or only some of the teeth (partial anodontia, hypodontia), and both the deciduous and the permanent dentition, or only teeth of the permanent dentition. (Dorland, 27th ed)Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal: A rare aggressive variant of chondrosarcoma, characterized by a biphasic histologic pattern of small compact cells intermixed with islands of cartilaginous matrix. Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas have a predilection for flat bones; long tubular bones are rarely affected. They tend to occur in the younger age group and are highly metastatic. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1456)Image Processing, Computer-Assisted: A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.Trigeminal Nerve Injuries: Traumatic injuries to the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. It may result in extreme pain, abnormal sensation in the areas the nerve innervates on face, jaw, gums and tongue and can cause difficulties with speech and chewing. It is sometimes associated with various dental treatments.Jaw Relation Record: A registration of any positional relationship of the mandible in reference to the maxillae. These records may be any of the many vertical, horizontal, or orientation relations. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)OsteomyelitisBone Substitutes: Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.Tooth Root: The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690)Patient Care Planning: Usually a written medical and nursing care program designed for a particular patient.Euthanasia, Animal: The killing of animals for reasons of mercy, to control disease transmission or maintain the health of animal populations, or for experimental purposes (ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION).Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital: A disease of young infants characterized by soft tissue swellings over the affected bones, fever, and irritability, and marked by periods of remission and exacerbation. (Dorland, 27th ed)Branchial Region: A region, of SOMITE development period, that contains a number of paired arches, each with a mesodermal core lined by ectoderm and endoderm on the two sides. In lower aquatic vertebrates, branchial arches develop into GILLS. In higher vertebrates, the arches forms outpouchings and develop into structures of the head and neck. Separating the arches are the branchial clefts or grooves.Tooth Apex: The tip or terminal end of the root of a tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p62)Myofibroma: A benign tumor that consists chiefly of fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE, with variable numbers of MUSCLE CELLS forming portions of the neoplasm (From Stedman's, 27th ed).Periapical Diseases: Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.Frontal Bone: The bone that forms the frontal aspect of the skull. Its flat part forms the forehead, articulating inferiorly with the NASAL BONE and the CHEEK BONE on each side of the face.Bone Density: The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.Head: The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs.Periosteum: Thin outer membrane that surrounds a bone. It contains CONNECTIVE TISSUE, CAPILLARIES, nerves, and a number of cell types.Humpback Whale: The species Megaptera novaeangliae, in the family Balaenopteridae, characterized by its huge flippers and the arching of their back when diving. They are also known for their breaching and singing.Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed: X-ray image-detecting devices that make a focused image of body structures lying in a predetermined plane from which more complex images are computed.Maxillofacial Injuries: General or unspecified injuries involving the face and jaw (either upper, lower, or both).Open Bite: A condition in which certain opposing teeth fail to establish occlusal contact when the jaws are closed.Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal: Fibrous blood-filled cyst in the bone. Although benign it can be destructive causing deformity and fractures.Biological Evolution: The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.Mouth FloorMouth Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.Osseointegration: The growth action of bone tissue as it assimilates surgically implanted devices or prostheses to be used as either replacement parts (e.g., hip) or as anchors (e.g., endosseous dental implants).Anatomy, Cross-Sectional: Descriptive anatomy based on three-dimensional imaging (IMAGING, THREE-DIMENSIONAL) of the body, organs, and structures using a series of computer multiplane sections, displayed by transverse, coronal, and sagittal analyses. It is essential to accurate interpretation by the radiologist of such techniques as ultrasonic diagnosis, MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, and computed tomography (TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED). (From Lane & Sharfaei, Modern Sectional Anatomy, 1992, Preface)Glossectomy: Partial or total surgical excision of the tongue. (Dorland, 28th ed)Temporomandibular Joint Disc: A plate of fibrous tissue that divides the temporomandibular joint into an upper and lower cavity. The disc is attached to the articular capsule and moves forward with the condyle in free opening and protrusion. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p92)Bone and Bones: A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone: A disease of bone marked by thinning of the cortex by fibrous tissue containing bony spicules, producing pain, disability, and gradually increasing deformity. Only one bone may be involved (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, MONOSTOTIC) or several (FIBROUS DYSPLASIA, POLYOSTOTIC).Bone Transplantation: The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.Sotos Syndrome: Congenital or postnatal overgrowth syndrome most often in height and occipitofrontal circumference with variable delayed motor and cognitive development. Other associated features include advanced bone age, seizures, NEONATAL JAUNDICE; HYPOTONIA; and SCOLIOSIS. It is also associated with increased risk of developing neoplasms in adulthood. Mutations in the NSD1 protein and its HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY are associated with the syndrome.Tooth, Unerupted: A normal developing tooth which has not yet perforated the oral mucosa or one that fails to erupt in the normal sequence or time interval expected for the type of tooth in a given gender, age, or population group.Gingival Hyperplasia: Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p400)Tooth, Deciduous: The teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth.

The development and structure of the chimpanzee mandible. (1/1956)

The sites of growth and remodeling, and the associated changes in cortical bone structure, have been studied in the chimpanzee mandible and compared with those previously reported in the human and macaque mandibles. The location of the principal sites of growth, and the distribution of the areas of deposition and resorption in the ramus, were found to be similar in all three species. In the chimpanzee, unlike Man, the bone being deposited at the condyle, posterior border of the ramus and coronoid process was plexiform in nature, indicating very rapid growth. The pattern of remodeling in the mandibular body, on the other hand, showed marked species differences at the chin and on the submandibular lingual surface, which account for the contrasts seen in the adult morphology of these regions. Although the pattern of distribution of cortical densities differed from that of surface remodeling, the information they give is complementary in analysing bone growth. The densest regions were found to coincide with sites of consistent lamellar deposition, while the least dense regions were those where plexiform bone was formed. Areas where remodeling led to the greatest reorientation of bone tissue within the cortex showed the greatest disparity between the two patterns.  (+info)

Modified cuspal relationships of mandibular molar teeth in children with Down's syndrome. (2/1956)

A total of 50 permanent mandibular 1st molars of 26 children with Down's syndrome (DS) were examined from dental casts and 59 permanent mandibular 1st molars of normal children were examined from 33 individuals. The following measurements were performed on both right and left molars (teeth 46 and 36 respectively): (a) the intercusp distances (mb-db, mb-d, mb-dl, db-ml, db-d, db-dl, db-ml, d-dl, d-ml, dl-ml); (b) the db-mb-ml, mb-db-ml, mb-ml-db, d-mb-dl, mb-d-dl, mb-dl-d angles; (c) the area of the pentagon formed by connecting the cusp tips. All intercusp distances were significantly smaller in the DS group. Stepwise logistic regression, applied to all the intercusp distances, was used to design a multivariate probability model for DS and normals. A model based on 2 distances only, mb-dl and mb-db, proved sufficient to discriminate between the teeth of DS and the normal population. The model for tooth 36 for example was as follows: p(DS) = (e(30.6-5.6(mb-dl)+25(mb-db)))/(1 + e(30.6 5.6(mb-dl)+25(mb db))). A similar model for tooth 46 was also created, as well as a model which incorporated both teeth. With respect to the angles, significant differences between DS and normals were found in 3 out of the 6 angles which were measured: the d-mb-dl angle was smaller than in normals, the mb-d-dl angle was higher, and the mb-dl-d angle was smaller. The dl cusp was located closer to the centre of the tooth. The change in size occurs at an early stage, while the change in shape occurs in a later stage of tooth formation in the DS population.  (+info)

Role of the Bicoid-related homeodomain factor Pitx1 in specifying hindlimb morphogenesis and pituitary development. (3/1956)

Pitx1 is a Bicoid-related homeodomain factor that exhibits preferential expression in the hindlimb, as well as expression in the developing anterior pituitary gland and first branchial arch. Here, we report that Pitx1 gene-deleted mice exhibit striking abnormalities in morphogenesis and growth of the hindlimb, resulting in a limb that exhibits structural changes in tibia and fibula as well as patterning alterations in patella and proximal tarsus, to more closely resemble the corresponding forelimb structures. Deletion of the Pitx1 locus results in decreased distal expression of the hindlimb-specific marker, the T-box factor, Tbx4. On the basis of similar expression patterns in chick, targeted misexpression of chick Pitx1 in the developing wing bud causes the resulting limb to assume altered digit number and morphogenesis, with Tbx4 induction. We hypothesize that Pitx1 serves to critically modulate morphogenesis, growth, and potential patterning of a specific hindlimb region, serving as a component of the morphological and growth distinctions in forelimb and hindlimb identity. Pitx1 gene-deleted mice also exhibit reciprocal abnormalities of two ventral and one dorsal anterior pituitary cell types, presumably on the basis of its synergistic functions with other transcription factors, and defects in the derivatives of the first branchial arch, including cleft palate, suggesting a proliferative defect in these organs analogous to that observed in the hindlimb.  (+info)

Canine sexual dimorphism in Egyptian Eocene anthropoid primates: Catopithecus and Proteopithecus. (4/1956)

Two very small late Eocene anthropoid primates, Catopithecus browni and Proteopithecus sylviae, from Fayum, Egypt show evidence of substantial sexual dimorphism in canine teeth. The degree of dimorphism suggests that these early anthropoids lived in social groups with a polygynous mating system and intense male-male competition. Catopithecus and Proteopithecus are smaller in estimated body size than any living primates showing canine dimorphism. The origin of canine dimorphism and polygyny in anthropoids was not associated with the evolution of large body size.  (+info)

A modern human pattern of dental development in lower pleistocene hominids from Atapuerca-TD6 (Spain). (5/1956)

The study of life history evolution in hominids is crucial for the discernment of when and why humans have acquired our unique maturational pattern. Because the development of dentition is critically integrated into the life cycle in mammals, the determination of the time and pattern of dental development represents an appropriate method to infer changes in life history variables that occurred during hominid evolution. Here we present evidence derived from Lower Pleistocene human fossil remains recovered from the TD6 level (Aurora stratum) of the Gran Dolina site in the Sierra de Atapuerca, northern Spain. These hominids present a pattern of development similar to that of Homo sapiens, although some aspects (e.g., delayed M3 calcification) are not as derived as that of European populations and people of European origin. This evidence, taken together with the present knowledge of cranial capacity of these and other late Early Pleistocene hominids, supports the view that as early as 0.8 Ma at least one Homo species shared with modern humans a prolonged pattern of maturation.  (+info)

Hindlimb patterning and mandible development require the Ptx1 gene. (6/1956)

The restricted expression of the Ptx1 (Pitx1) gene in the posterior half of the lateral plate mesoderm has suggested that it may play a role in specification of posterior structures, in particular, specification of hindlimb identity. Ptx1 is also expressed in the most anterior ectoderm, the stomodeum, and in the first branchial arch. Ptx1 expression overlaps with that of Ptx2 in stomodeum and in posterior left lateral plate mesoderm. We now show that targeted inactivation of the mouse Ptx1 gene severely impairs hindlimb development: the ilium and knee cartilage are absent and the long bones are underdeveloped. Greater reduction of the right femur size in Ptx1 null mice suggests partial compensation by Ptx2 on the left side. The similarly sized tibia and fibula of mutant hindlimbs may be taken to resemble forelimb bones: however, the mutant limb buds appear to have retained their molecular identity as assessed by forelimb expression of Tbx5 and by hindlimb expression of Tbx4, even though Tbx4 expression is decreased in Ptx1 null mice. The hindlimb defects appear to be, at least partly, due to abnormal chondrogenesis. Since the most affected structures derive from the dorsal side of hindlimb buds, the data suggest that Ptx1 is responsible for patterning of these dorsal structures and that as such it may control development of hindlimb-specific features. Ptx1 inactivation also leads to loss of bones derived from the proximal part of the mandibular mesenchyme. The dual role of Ptx1 revealed by the gene knockout may reflect features of the mammalian jaw and hindlimbs that were acquired at a similar time during tetrapod evolution.  (+info)

Cognitive function and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (7/1956)

Among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), impairment of cognitive function, i.e. deficits in memory, attention, and visuconstructive abilities are common. We applied different forms of treatment for patients with newly diagnosed OSAS in a randomized study with a one-year follow-up. Patients with BMI > 40 kg/m2 were excluded. After the initial diagnostic work-up, male patients were considered to be candidates for either nasal continuous airway pressure (nCPAP) (27 patients) or surgical treatment (uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with or without mandibular osteotomy) (23 patients). Within the groups, the patients were then randomized to active treatment (nCPAP/surgery) or to conservative management. Cognitive function and severity of OSAS were assessed prior to treatment and 3 and 12 months later. At 12 months, all patients on nCPAP had a normal ODI4 index (< 10), and were significantly less somnolent than their controls; 3/11 of the surgically treated patients had a normal ODI4 index. Daytime somnolence was significantly less severe in the surgically treated patients than in their controls. Cognitive function did not correlate importantly with daytime sleepiness or severity of OSAS; the best Pearson pairwise correlation coefficient was between ODI4 and the Bourdon-Wiersma (r = 0.36). Success in treatment of OSAS did not affect neuropsychological outcome. We concluded that the standard cognitive test battery is insufficiently sensitive to identify positive changes in patients with OSAS, especially among those with a high level of overall mental functioning.  (+info)

Clinical characteristics of CHARGE syndrome. (8/1956)

CHARGE syndrome, first described by Pagon, was named for its six major clinical features. They are: coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the choanae, retarded growth and development including CNS anomalies, genital hypoplasia and/or urinary tract anomalies, and ear anomalies and/or hearing loss. We experienced three cases of CHARGE syndrome who displayed ocular coloboma, heart defects, retarded growth and development, and external ear anomalies, and we also review the previously reported literature concerning CHARGE syndrome.  (+info)

Ascending ramus - definition of ascending ramus by The Free DictionaryAscending ramus - definition of ascending ramus by The Free Dictionary
Define ascending ramus. ascending ramus synonyms, ascending ramus pronunciation, ascending ramus translation, English dictionary definition of ascending ramus. n. pl. ra·mi 1. A branch, as of a nerve or blood vessel, or a projecting part, as of a rotifer or crustacean. 2. A bony process extending like a branch from...
In vitro resistance of titanium and resorbable (poly l-co-dl lactic acid) osteosynthesis in mandibular body fractureIn vitro resistance of titanium and resorbable (poly l-co-dl lactic acid) osteosynthesis in mandibular body fracture
This study was a comparative evaluation of the bending resistance of metallic and resorbable plates and screws in a mandibular body fracture model. Forty polyurethane synthetic hemimandibles were used; a vertical linear cut was made between the second and first premolars. These 40 hemimandibles were divided into four groups of 10 and were fixed with titanium plates and screws or resorbable plates and screws, with monocortical screws in the upper sector and bicortical screws in the lower sector. Bending resistance tests were done on a universal testing machine with a linear displacement speed of 1 mm/min, a cell load of 500 N, and a load cell on the lower central incisor or on the lower second premolar. Results were analyzed using the Students t-test, with the significance level set at 5%. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups studied, either in the analysis of the osteosynthesis materials or related to the load-bearing points. The variables of displacement ...
Craniofacial height in relation to cross-sectional maxillary and mandibular morphology | Progress in Orthodontics | Full TextCraniofacial height in relation to cross-sectional maxillary and mandibular morphology | Progress in Orthodontics | Full Text
The results of this investigation may support the fact that the dentoalveolar compensatory mechanism aims to maintain a functional occlusion in connection with craniofacial growth. In the high-angle group, the alveolar bone had to grow more in order to compensate or partly compensate for the vertical craniofacial growth, and therefore, the bodies of the maxilla and mandible became higher. The fact that the arches became narrower in the midline of the mandible might be due to the difference in loading. It can be hypothesised that the alveolar bone in the high-angle subjects are less loaded than the bone in the low-angle group. In the low-angle group, the root resides in most of the arch, whereas in the high angle group, the root resides only in part of the body, which according to Wolffs law will result in a less developed bone [29].. In orthodontic treatment, it is very important to understand how the development of the lower third of the face is closely linked to the dentoalveolar compensatory ...
Malformations.org - View a developmental anomalyMalformations.org - View a developmental anomaly
Definition: Acrorenal mandibular syndrome is characterized by the combination of unusual limb deficiencies (split feet or/and hands), renal anomalies (polycystic kidneys, renal agenesis, etc.), mandibular hypoplasia, genital anomalies(uterine anomalies in females) and some other, minor anomalies. have severe mandibular hypoplasia ...
Expression of Pea3 transcription factor genes in frontonasal and mandibular mesenchyme of the chick embryoExpression of Pea3 transcription factor genes in frontonasal and mandibular mesenchyme of the chick embryo
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play an essential role in development and patterning of the vertebrate embryo. Despite extensive literature documenting the diverse roles of FGF signalling during craniofacial development, comparatively little is known about the specific downstream effectors through which FGFs influence gene expression. A previous study in our laboratory reported exogenous FGF elicited differential chondrogenic responses in frontonasal and mandibular mesenchyme (Bobick et al., 2007). Pea3 transcription factors are crucial components of the downstream effector pathway through which FGFs influence gene expression (Raible and Brand, 2001). Therefore, the purpose of my research was to examine whether differences in pea3, erm, and er81 gene expression profiles underlie the distinct responses of the frontonasal and mandibular mesenchyme cells to FGF. The present study demonstrates that FGF2 treatment differentially affects chondrogenesis in micromass cultures of frontonasal and ...
Human mandible with teeth - Curiosities from the 5th CornerHuman mandible with teeth - Curiosities from the 5th Corner
Human mandible with teeth showing severe decay, dental abrasion and exposed dentine on the incisors as well as healing and remodeling over the molar sockets, with sex indicators leaning towards female, but undetermined.
Internet Scientific PublicationsInternet Scientific Publications
Medical literature is not unified in the description of the morphology of the mental foramen. Different anatomy and radiology text books give contradicting statements regarding the morphometric characteristics of the mental foramen; thereby depicting variable racial trends. 6 Africans: The mental foramen was observed to exhibit dimorphism; it was 14.89 mm above the lower border of the mandible in males and 14.21 mm in females. Also, it was 16.16 mm below the alveolar ridge in males and 15.66 mm in females. The average size of the long and the short axis of the foramen were 5.66mm and 3.97mm respectively in the male and 4.99 mm and 3.87 mm respectively in the female mandibles.]12These measurements were statistically similar to another study on mandibles from Alagoas state.18 Tanzanians: The mental foramen was frequently located below the apex of the second premolar and between the 2 nd premolar and 1st molar. A significantly less common location was between 1 st and 2 nd premolars and below 1 st ...
Mandible Augmentation | Face | Wish Aesthetic Surgery ClinicMandible Augmentation | Face | Wish Aesthetic Surgery Clinic
Mandible Augmentation Since orientals mostly have a congenitally wide and square face, the mandible shape generally needs to be reduced rather than reinforc
Gene Expression Literature DetailGene Expression Literature Detail
J:37482 Kronmiller JE, Nguyen T, Spatial and temporal distribution of Indian hedgehog mRNA in the embryonic mouse mandible. Arch Oral Biol. 1996 Jun;41(6):577-83 ...
The TesticleThe Testicle
The epididymis, composed of a much-convoluted tube some 20 feet long, is applied to the posterior border of the testicle, from which it is separated by an involution of the serous covering, forming a ...
Atrophic Mandible - Model 4 Series | inc - Buyamag INCAtrophic Mandible - Model 4 Series | inc - Buyamag INC
Atrophic mandibles from normal with teeth to stage III. Mandibles are removable, for dentistry school education teaching, and office patient education
Mandibular process definition | Drugs.comMandibular process definition | Drugs.com
Definition of mandibular process. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and definitions.
Surgical Management of Mandibular Central Incisors with Dumbbell Shaped Periapical Lesion: A Case ReportSurgical Management of Mandibular Central Incisors with Dumbbell Shaped Periapical Lesion: A Case Report
Dental traumatic injuries may affect the teeth and alveolar bone directly or indirectly. Pulpal necrosis and chronic and apical periodontitis with cystic changes are the most common sequelae of the dental traumatic injuries, if the teeth are not treated immediately. This case report focuses on the conventional and surgical management of mandibular central incisors. A twenty-four-year-old male patient presented with pain in the mandibular central incisors. Radiographic examination revealed mandibular central incisors with dumbbell shaped periapical lesion. After root canal treatment, parendodontic surgery was performed for mandibular central incisors. After one-year recall examination, the teeth were asymptomatic and periapical lesion had healed.
Lirias: Safe surgical access to the mandibular nerve at the infratemporal fossaeLirias: Safe surgical access to the mandibular nerve at the infratemporal fossae
Some anatomic patterns formed by the anterior border of the ascending ramus relative to the mandibular canal can cause nerve complications during surgery. We determined the frequency of obstructive anatomy in patients undergoing jaw surgery, and we described a perioperative method for a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy that ensured inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) protection. The anatomy of the anterior border of the ascending ramus of the mandible was examined on axial and cross-sectional cone beam computed tomographic images of 114 consecutive patients undergoing bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. The thickness of the anterior border of the ascending ramus determined whether the mandibular foramen could be visualized (pattern A) or was obscured (pattern B). Patients with pattern B anatomy received a perioperative procedure. Direct visualization of the mandibular foramen was achieved in 100% of patients with pattern A anatomy. We examined 228 anterior borders of the ascending ramus of the ...
Cervical thickness of the mandibular alveolar process and skeletal bone mineral density - ResearchOnline@JCUCervical thickness of the mandibular alveolar process and skeletal bone mineral density - [email protected]
Much effort has been devoted to finding methods for detecting individuals with low bone mass and risk of osteoporotic fractures. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between the thickness of the alveolar process and the bone mineral density (BMD) of the distal forearm. In 24 women (38-65 years), the BMD of the distal forearm, obtained by dual X-ray absorptiometry, was correlated to the difference between two measures of the thickness of the mandibular alveolar process in the region of the first premolar. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.95, P, 0.001) was found. The method was cross-validated by using the equation obtained from the linear regression analysis above to predict BMD in two other groups. In both groups, the correlation between the measured BMD of the forearm and the predicted BMD was highly significant (r = 0.91, P, 0.001). The interdental thickness between the canine and the second incisor was also correlated to BMD, but with lower ...
Rabbit Mandibular Symphysis - Rabbit Dental Care - Wisconsin, MinnesotaRabbit Mandibular Symphysis - Rabbit Dental Care - Wisconsin, Minnesota
A fractured or separated mandibular symphysis in a rabbit can result in severe malocclusion, anorexia, starvation and death, so requires immediate veterinary dental care.
Clenched Hands & Congenital Heart Disease & Congenital Mandibular Hypoplasia<...Clenched Hands & Congenital Heart Disease & Congenital Mandibular Hypoplasia<...
Clenched Hands, Congenital Heart Disease, Congenital Mandibular Hypoplasia Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Patau Syndrome, Trisomy 18, Pierre Robin Syndrome. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Talk to our Chatbot to narrow down your search.
A morphological study of the lingula in South Africans in relation to sagittal split osteotomyA morphological study of the lingula in South Africans in relation to sagittal split osteotomy
RIKHOTSO, RE e MUNSAMY, C. A morphological study of the lingula in South Africans in relation to sagittal split osteotomy. S. Afr. dent. j. [online]. 2017, vol.72, n.9, pp.408-412. ISSN 0375-1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2017/v72no9a2.. PURPOSE: To establish the position and shape of the lingula of the mandible in relation to the surrounding anatomical landmarks, data requisite for inferior alveolar nerve blocks and mandibular osteotomies.METHODS: Measurements were carried out on 201 sides from 113 adult dry mandibles.RESULTS: The most common shape of the lingula was truncated, found in 38.8% of cases, followed by the triangular (30.8 %), nodular (21.4%) and assimilated (8.9%) types. The average distances of the tip of the lingula from the anterior border, posterior border and sigmoid notch of the ramus of the mandible were 20.15mm, 16.77mm and 16.3mm respectively, and, from the mandibular second molar tooth, 33.3mm. The lingula was above the level of the occlusal plane in 63.7% of ...
Cartilage changes link retrognathic growth to TMJ disk displacementCartilage changes link retrognathic growth to TMJ disk displacement
The mandibular condyles represent important growth sites within the facial skeleton. Condylar growth is not a pacemaker of mandibular development, but it provides regional adaptive growth that is of considerable clinical significance, as the condyles upward and backward growth movement regulates the anteriorly and inferiorly directed displacement of the mandible as a whole.. Orthopedic problems of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), such as displacement of the TMJ disk, are common in the adolescent population. Clinical studies of mandibular asymmetry and mandibular retrognathia in adults as well as in children and adolescents, have reported an association with coexisting non-reducing displacement of the TMJ disk without identifying the cause and effect. Through experimental studies causality has been established, and unilateral affliction during growth has been shown to retard ipsilateral mandibular development with facial asymmetry as the sequel. It was hypothesized that bilateral non-reducing ...
Mandibular Bone Structure Analysis Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography vs Primary Implant Stability: An Ex Vivo StudyMandibular Bone Structure Analysis Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography vs Primary Implant Stability: An Ex Vivo Study
DOI: 10.11607/jomi.6210 Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between mandibular bone structure parameters measured on preimplant cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and primary implant stability. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one hemimandibles were scanned on the 3D Accuitomo 170 CBCT. Next, an implant was placed in each hemimandible, after which insertion torque and implant stability quotient (ISQ) measurements were acquired. The following measurements were performed on the preimplant CBCT scans: bone surface, bone volume, fractal dimension, connectivity, trabecular thickness and spacing, and skeleton analysis. Measurements were performed using various regions of interest in the vicinity of the implant site. In addition, cortical thickness was measured. The correlation between bone structure parameters, insertion torque, and ISQ was calculated. Results: The overall correlation was low to medium (,R, = 0.002 0.723). For the bone around the entire implant site, the highest correlation ...
A Retrospective CBCT Study of the Relationship between Mandibular Symphysis Bone Density and Mandibular Growth Direction. |...A Retrospective CBCT Study of the Relationship between Mandibular Symphysis Bone Density and Mandibular Growth Direction. |...
Females exhibited higher cortical BD than males at menton (Me, P =0.002). Patients with a posterior growth direction exhibited a higher cortical BD than those with anterior and normal growth direction at Me (P ,0.021, P ,0.001, respectively), pogonion (Pog, P =0.037, P =0.037, respectively) and genion (Ge, P =0.007, P =0.008, respectively). Patients with a posterior growth direction exhibited a higher cortical BD than those with anterior growth direction at B point (P =0.009 ...
Localización del Foramen Mandibular según la Cantidad de los Alvéolos DentalesLocalización del Foramen Mandibular según la Cantidad de los Alvéolos Dentales
INTRODUCTION. Anatomical structures such as mylohyoid sulcus, lingula of the mandible and mandibular foramen are important in dental practice and allow the professional to execute surgical and anesthetic procedures with more safety and less damages (Reitzik et al., 1976; Figún & Garino, 1989; Minarelli & Ramalho, 1991; Carvalho et al., 2003; Madeira, 2004).. The interest in locating the mandibular foramen dates from the beginning of local anesthesia for the desensitization of the inferior alveolar nerve that enabled the advance of anesthetic techniques (Figún & Garino; Madeira). According to Marzola et al. (2005), the literature is scarce regarding the measurement parameters (anatomical reference points) for locating the mandibular foramen in the medial surface of the mandibular ramus, what would allow professionals to improve the anesthetic technique in the region.. With the physiological growth, the facial bones suffer a remodeling process, causing changes in the foramen position over the ...
Mandibular canal - wikidocMandibular canal - wikidoc
The mandibular canal runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings. On arriving at the incisor teeth, it turns back to communicate with the mental foramen, giving off two small canals which run to the cavities containing the incisor teeth. Carries branches of inferior alveolar nerve and artery. Is continuous with the mental foramen (opents onto front of mandible) and mandibular foramen (on medial aspect of ramus). ...
Mandibular Alveolar Fractures: Practice Essentials, History of the Procedure, ProblemMandibular Alveolar Fractures: Practice Essentials, History of the Procedure, Problem
Fractures of the alveolar process of the mandible are uncommon. Unfortunately, their treatment is often fraught with problems, and uninitiated surgeons tend to underestimate these types of fractures and their problems.
Conceptual maps of USPs cephalometric measurements. Part 2: Dental arches, apical bases, mandibular incisors...Conceptual maps of USP's cephalometric measurements. Part 2: Dental arches, apical bases, mandibular incisor's...
Rodrigo Castellazzi Sella, Wagner José Silva Ursi, Karina Fancio Sella The second part of this paper aims to present the conceptual maps of measures relating to dental arches, apical bases, morphodifferential behavior of the mandibular incisor in relation to maxilla and mandible, as well as measurements that generate information about soft tissue profile. Based on USP - Baurus cephalometry book, we clarified how sela turcicas (turkish saddles) anatomical variations and frontonasal sutures anatomical variations can alter the numerical value of the measurements related to dental arches and apical bases, and could lead to a misdiagnoses of incisors inclination and positioning in their respective bone bases, as well as the possibility of anatomical variations in the frontonasal suture alter the numerical value of Line I and H.NB angle, which may lead to wrong conclusions.. X-ray film, Cephalometry, Anatomic variation,. Como citar: Sella RC, Ursi WJS, Sella KF. Mapas conceituais das medidas ...
Figure 3 Mouse Mandible | Micro PhotonicsFigure 3 Mouse Mandible | Micro Photonics
We have several of our products available for demonstration. We are happy to provide a free demonstration on one of the instruments for new customers to help determine if the system is right for your application. If youd like to request a free demo, please complete the form below ...
Composite reconstruction in advanced cancer of the mouth floor: Autogenous frozen-thawed mandibular bone and free flaps<...Composite reconstruction in advanced cancer of the mouth floor: Autogenous frozen-thawed mandibular bone and free flaps<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Composite reconstruction in advanced cancer of the mouth floor. T2 - Autogenous frozen-thawed mandibular bone and free flaps. AU - Calabrese, Luca. AU - Garusi, Cristina. AU - Giugliano, Gioacchino. AU - Ansarin, Mohssen. AU - Bruschini, Roberto. AU - Chiesa, Fausto. PY - 2007. Y1 - 2007. N2 - Mandibular symphyseal resection requires composite reconstructions, often with unsatisfactory morphofunctional results. Seven patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth underwent block resection with immediate reconstruction, using the removed mandible treated with liquid nitrogen and covered with a free forearm flap. In all cases, the resection was radical and no major postoperative complications occurred. Two patients died in 6 months for distant metastases and regional recurrence. In the other 5 patients, no local recurrence occurred at a mean follow-up of 52 months (36-70). Immediate cosmetic and functional results were good. Of the 5 patients, 4 had late ...
Indmedica - Journal of the Anatomical Society of IndiaIndmedica - Journal of the Anatomical Society of India
200. Study Of Age Related Changes In Dentate And Edentate Mandible. Sangeeta.J.Rajani. Medical College, Vadodara, Gujarat.. 80 mandibles [40 dentulous and 40 edentulous] were examined for the position of mental foramen and angle of mandible. Radiological position of mandibular canal is studied and all findings compared with other authors. In present study -A) Dentulous mandible: position of mental foramen is. found midway between the borders of the body in 60% of the cases, in 28% cases, it is near the lower border, in 12% cases, it is near the upper border, angle of mandible found between 100 to 130 degrees.. B) Edentulous Mandible: in 84% cases, position of mental foramen is near upper border, in 13% of the cases position of mental foramen is midway between the upper and lower border, in 3% of the cases position of mental foramen is near the lower border, angle found between 120 to 140 degrees. All these observations suggest that as age advances,. in majority of the cases, mental foramen ...
anatomyEXPERT - Mandible - Structure DetailanatomyEXPERT - Mandible - Structure Detail
Meckels cartilages are the cartilaginous precursors of the mandible. These cartilaginous bars of the first branchial arch become surrounded with a fibrous membrane. These membranous covered cartilage bars are attached to the otic or ear capsules at their proximal end and to each other via mesodermal tissue at their distal extremities. The only portion of Meckels cartilage that contributes to the mandible is the distal end. This end, invaded by bone, contributes to the part of the mandible between the two canine teeth. The major portion of the mandible forms intramembranously in the membrane surrounding Meckels cartilage. During the sixth week of embryonic life a center arises near what will be the mental foramen. By the tenth week the anterior portion of the cartilage is invaded by the developing bone. The bone continues to spread posteriorly and superiorly to form the mandibular outline. At birth the bone is in two halves, separated by a fibrous symphysis at the anterior midline. The two ...
Pages that link to Movie - Postnatal human mandible growth - EmbryologyPages that link to "Movie - Postnatal human mandible growth" - Embryology
The following pages link to Movie - Postnatal human mandible growth: View (previous 500 , next 500) (20 , 50 , 100 , 250 , 500) ...
Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Mechanical And Photoelastic Analysis Of Four Different Fixation...Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Mechanical And Photoelastic Analysis Of Four Different Fixation...
The aim of the present study was to compare four methods of fixation in mandibular body fractures. Mechanical and photoelastic tests were performed using polyurethane and photoelastic resin mandibles, respectively. The study groups contained the following: (I), two miniplates of 2.0 mm; (II) one 2.0 mm plate and an Erich arch bar; (III) one 2.4 mm plate and an Erich arch bar, and (IV) one 2.0 mm plate and one 2.4 mm plate. The differences between the mean values were analyzed using Tukeys test, the Mann-Whitney test and the Bonferroni correction. Group II recorded the lowest resistance, followed by groups I, IV and III. The photoelastic test confirmed the increase of tension in group II. The 2.4 mm system board in linear mandibular body fractures provided more resistance and the use of only one 2.0 mm plate in the central area of the mandible created higher tension ...
Dental Anatomy of Mandibular Incisors permanent teeth - [PPTX Powerpoint]Dental Anatomy of Mandibular Incisors permanent teeth - [PPTX Powerpoint]
PowerPoint Presentation Permanent Mandibular Incisors Dr.Najdalizade MANDIBULAR INCISOR Mandibular central incisor and lateral are similar in anatomy and complement each…
Genes that affect morphogenesis of the murine mandible. Recombinant- by D W. BaileyGenes that affect morphogenesis of the murine mandible. Recombinant-" by D W. Bailey
The CXB set of recombinant inbred mouse strains provided an opportunity to observe the effects of reassorted subsets of genes on the shape of the mandible. The distances between 12 landmarks in all paired combinations were calculated to evaluate genetic control in small regions. The genetic relationships between interlandmark distances revealed genes to have most of their effects in localized regions, and the greater heritabilities usually to apply to those distances between adjacent landmarks. Interrelationships between measurements are usually explicable on a developmental basis. It is proposed that genes of this sort bring about the changes seen in organ shape during evolution. A model plan for the organization of gene activation during morphogenesis is described.
ICD-10-CM Code S02.652 - Fracture of angle of left mandibleICD-10-CM Code S02.652 - Fracture of angle of left mandible
S02.652 is a non-billable code, consider using a code with a higher level of specificity for a diagnosis of fracture of angle of left mandible.
A cone beam-CT evaluation of the availability of space for complete arch retraction in the mandible with TADs :: University of...A cone beam-CT evaluation of the availability of space for complete arch retraction in the mandible with TADs :: University of...
The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of space available distal to the most posterior tooth in the mandibular arch for complete arch distalization. Methods: CBCT scans from 146 (110 after exclusion criteria) patients were rendered using InVivo DentalTM Software. A 1:1 ratio panoramic image was reconstructed from each scan. A horizontal measurement, parallel to the functional occlusal plane, was recorded from the distal height of contour of the most posterior tooth to the ascending ramus. The advantages of using a CBCT reconstruction are: (1) A traditional panoramic radiograph uses an arbitrary focal trough; (2) There is inherent error and distortion due to the magnification in the traditional panoramic radiograph; (3) The magnification from traditional radiographs makes measurements very unreliable; (4) Contrast is improved with CBCT and blurring and overlapping is eliminated. Results: There was an average of 7.27 mm [7.24 mm (left) and 7.29 mm (right)] distal to lower second ...
A cone beam-CT evaluation of the availability of space for complete arch retraction in the mandible with TADs :: University of...A cone beam-CT evaluation of the availability of space for complete arch retraction in the mandible with TADs :: University of...
The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of space available distal to the most posterior tooth in the mandibular arch for complete arch distalization. Methods: CBCT scans from 146 (110 after exclusion criteria) patients were rendered using InVivo DentalTM Software. A 1:1 ratio panoramic image was reconstructed from each scan. A horizontal measurement, parallel to the functional occlusal plane, was recorded from the distal height of contour of the most posterior tooth to the ascending ramus. The advantages of using a CBCT reconstruction are: (1) A traditional panoramic radiograph uses an arbitrary focal trough; (2) There is inherent error and distortion due to the magnification in the traditional panoramic radiograph; (3) The magnification from traditional radiographs makes measurements very unreliable; (4) Contrast is improved with CBCT and blurring and overlapping is eliminated. Results: There was an average of 7.27 mm [7.24 mm (left) and 7.29 mm (right)] distal to lower second ...
lower molarslower molars
Whether or not there is an increase in size or acceleration of growth of the mandible is one of the major controversies in functional appliance therapy. Although many researchers have claimed that the FR causes extra mandibular growth, this study showed that there were no significant differences between the FR and control groups as far as mandibular movement is concerned, the mean FR movement being 4.1 mm, standard deviation 3.0 mm; the control 5.0 mm, and standard deviation 2.6 mm. As the 5.0-mm change in the control was due to normal growth, it can be assumed that the 4.1-mm change in the FR group was no more than normal growth rather than any effect of the appliance. The maximum value seen in the control was 14.2 mm and for the FR it was 12.8 mm; again, because this change in the controls was due to normal growth it must be assumed that even the maximum FR change was no more than normal growth change. That the size of the mandible is unaffected with the FR is supported by evidence from ...
Temnothorax bradleyi - AntWikiTemnothorax bradleyi - AntWiki
Head rather large, subrectangular, a little longer than broad, with straight, parallel sides and feebly excised posterior border. Eyes rather small, at lhe middle of the sides of he head. Mandibles and clypeus moderately convex, the latter with straight, entire anterior border. Frontal area small and indistinct. Antennae 11-jointed; scapes reaching half way between the eyes and the posterior corners of the head; funiculi with a 3-jointed club; first funicular joint as long as the three succeeding joints together; joints 2-6 much broader than long, joint 7 as long as broad; terminal joint longer than the two penultimate joints together. Thorax rather robust, narrower than the head, broader in front than behind, but as high behind as in front, with flattened dorsal and lateral surfaces and rather angular humeri, without any traces of a mesoepinotal constriction. Epinotal spines stout, as long as broad at their bases, laterally compressed, suddenly tapering at their tips, directed backward and ...
Myopias concava - AntWikiMyopias concava - AntWiki
Holotype: TL 7.1, HL 1.25, HW 1.31 (CI 105), ML 0.71 (MI57), MLO 1.26, SL l.ll (SI85), EL 0.33, WL 2.16, hind femur L 1.25, hind tibia L 1.20 mm. Paratypes (n = 6 of 42 from 4 colonies, including largest and smallest specimens): TL 6.5-8.6, HL 1.17-1.43, HW 1.21-1.47 (CI 100-105), ML 0.67-0.81 (MI 53-66), SL 1.00-1.24 (SI 83-88), EL 0.30-0.40, WL 2.00-2.46 mm. Head broader than long, with sides convex, broadest immediately behind eyes, and narrowed slightly in front of eyes; posterior border broadly and shallowly concave. (The head can be lengthened slightly by tilting it forward from the full-face plane; this has the effect of foreshortening the mandibles and deepening the concavity of the posterior margin, and of course decreasing CI.) Eyes large and convex, with about 18-19 ommatidia in the longest diagonal row, each eye occupying nearly 3/10 of the length of its side of the head, situated about 2/3 its own length from mandibular insertion. Clypeal lobe distinctly projecting but short, ...
Nizagara Does It Work - Order Nizagara - Cheap Price And Fast DeliveryNizagara Does It Work - Order Nizagara - Cheap Price And Fast Delivery
Nizagara - Close to the inner side of the ovary and lateral and peripheral, and they extend from the level of the genital aperture, or rather behind it, to near the posterior border of the right testis.
Creation Creopal Full Teeth Mould AU19, 6er | Impulsedent AustraliaCreation Creopal Full Teeth Mould AU19, 6er | Impulsedent Australia
Creation Creopal Full Teeth - Upper anterior High aesthetics, stability and efficiency: Creopal is a modern system of composite teeth. Creopal: economical and aesthetic down to the smallest detail! The ten front and four side tooth shapes for the maxilla and mandible are perfectly coordinated with each other. Particula
Chin strap & wide chin strap - PG31 / PG34Chin strap & wide chin strap - PG31 / PG34
PG31 / PG34 Chin strap for scarring to: • Chin • Middle portion of mandible not extending above, below or in front of the ear Wide chin strap…
molars - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for molarsmolars - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for molars
molars - MedHelps molars Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for molars. Find molars information, treatments for molars and molars symptoms.
Incorrect 3rd Molar Erruption causes.......Incorrect 3rd Molar Erruption causes.......
In 90% cases All four 3rd molar dont there specific dirction of erruption.they errup in any direction,due to that many pbls created-1-Accum
Psychosocial effects of mandibular prognathism treatment with the use of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy / Number 4 / Year...Psychosocial effects of mandibular prognathism treatment with the use of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy / Number 4 / Year...
Mandibular prognathism is a dentofacial deformity, in which the most pronounced feature is mandibular anterior excess. Unfavorable psychosocial effect deriving from unaesthetic facial appearance is the major indication for treatment of dentofacial deformities but other important factors are disturbed mastication, speech, pain and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is a popular technique among several methods utilized in tratment of dentofacial deformities including mandibular prognathism. The aim of this paper was the evaluation of impact of surgical correction of mandibular prognathism with use of BSSO on self-assessment of facial esthetics, mastication, general health, social interactions in conjunction with improvement of wellbeing. The material was the medical records of 54 patients treated for mandibular prognathism in The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at The Medical University of Lublin. Two questionnaires and one psychological ...
PLOS ONE: Why the Long Face? The Mechanics of Mandibular Symphysis Proportions in CrocodilesPLOS ONE: Why the Long Face? The Mechanics of Mandibular Symphysis Proportions in Crocodiles
Background Crocodilians exhibit a spectrum of rostral shape from long snouted (longirostrine), through to short snouted (brevirostrine) morphologies. The proportional length of the mandibular symphysis correlates consistently with rostral shape, forming as much as 50% of the mandibles length in longirostrine forms, but 10% in brevirostrine crocodilians. Here we analyse the structural consequences of an elongate mandibular symphysis in relation to feeding behaviours. Methods/Principal Findings Simple beam and high resolution Finite Element (FE) models of seven species of crocodile were analysed under loads simulating biting, shaking and twisting. Using beam theory, we statistically compared multiple hypotheses of which morphological variables should control the biomechanical response. Brevi- and mesorostrine morphologies were found to consistently outperform longirostrine types when subject to equivalent biting, shaking and twisting loads. The best predictors of performance for biting and twisting
Assessment of accurate landmark for the horizontal cut in Sagittal split ramus Osteotomy: A Tomographic studyAssessment of accurate landmark for the horizontal cut in Sagittal split ramus Osteotomy: A Tomographic study
Purpose of the study : This study aimed to determine the height at which both the lateraland medial cortical bone layers of mandibular ramus merge, using a reference point on theanterior margin of the mandibular ramus and comparing with lingula as anotherreference point, using cone beam computed tomography, thus establishing an effectivemethod of determining the level of the horizontal cut of sagittal split osteotomy.Material and Methods: The mandibular ramus of 15 patients were analysed on a threedimensional (3D) model constructed using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Starting atreference point (A), a line was marked from the anterior border of the ramus of mandibletill the posterior border on lateral surface. On three vertical section of the ramus (1/3rd and 2/3rd and lingula), the level at which both lingual and buccal cortices meet weredetermined- A1 and A2 and L respectively.The results of the study showed that mean height of fusion of medial and lateral cortices at1/3rd and 2/3rd and lingula were 8
Effects of experimental occlusal hypofunction, and its recovery, on mandibular bone mineral density in rats : The European...Effects of experimental occlusal hypofunction, and its recovery, on mandibular bone mineral density in rats : The European...
The aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of experimental occlusal hypofunction, and recovery, on mandibular bone mineral density (BMD) using peripheral quantitative computed tomography.. A metal cap was inserted between the upper and lower incisors of 40 male Wistar rats (aged 6 weeks) to prevent the molars from biting. The rats were divided into two equal groups: hypofunction and recovery animals. In addition, there was a third group comprising 20 control animals. The recovery animals were anaesthetized at 4 weeks in order to remove the metal cap using pliers. The rats were killed under deep anaesthesia, after which the mandibles were immediately removed and fixed in 10 per cent neutral formalin. After 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, BMD was measured in the cancellous and cortical bone in the first molar region. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance.. At 6 and 8 weeks, in the hypofunction group, cancellous bone density decreased on the buccal and lingual sides, at the ...
Paper - Abnormal ossification of Meckels cartilage - EmbryologyPaper - Abnormal ossification of Meckel's cartilage - Embryology
In 1879 my colleague Mr Shattock described in this Journal (vol. xiv. p- 201) a case in which Meckels cartilage had undergone ossification between the mandible and the malleus. I have been able to find no record of a similar case; but recently, when investigating two specimens from the museum representing certain malformations of the tongue, I found that Meckels cartilage was ossified in the manner described by Mr Shattock. His specimen was obtained from a case of achondroplasia; one of mine came from a deformed fcetus (fig. 1), and the other from an anencephalic foetus (tig. 2). In fig. 1 the two bars of bone, which I regard as ossifications of Meckels cartilage, are attached to the symphyseal or incisor part of the mandible on each side and articulate behind with a strong processus gracilis of the malleus (see 3). One margin of the bone is free, its other margin is closely united to the inner side of the mandible by fibrous tissue. In fig. 2 the Meckelian bars are shorter and covered with a ...
Functional mandibular movements legal definition of functional mandibular movementsFunctional mandibular movements legal definition of functional mandibular movements
Definition of functional mandibular movements in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is functional mandibular movements? Meaning of functional mandibular movements as a legal term. What does functional mandibular movements mean in law?
Cephalogram Image Analysis Method - Patent applicationCephalogram Image Analysis Method - Patent application
0006]Referring to FIG. 1A to FIG. 1c, FIG. 1A illustrates a lateral cephalogram 10 and a posteroanterior cephalogram 12; FIG. 1B illustrates a tracing 20 of the lateral cephalogram 10, and a tracing 22 of the posteroanterior cephalogram 12; and FIG. 1c illustrates the tracing 20 of the lateral cephalogram 10 with landmarks shown thereon. When at least one cephalograms (such as the lateral cephalogram 10 and the posteroanterior cephalogram 12) are in use, the anatomical features and landmarks of the cephalograms have to be drawn on tracing papers, thereby obtaining tracings (such as the tracing 20 and the tracing 22). The so-called "landmarks" stand for a set of feature points defined from anatomical viewpoints for use in marking an anatomical structure, and can be used for analyzing the geometrical features of the anatomical structure, such as landmarks S, Po, Na, PNS, UIA, ANS, A, MI, LIE, UIE, LIA, B, Pog, Gn, Me, etc. as shown in FIG. 1c. Those landmarks are well known to those who are ...
Meckels cartilage - WikipediaMeckel's cartilage - Wikipedia
The Meckelian Cartilage, also known as "Meckels Cartilage", is a piece of cartilage from which the mandibles (lower jaws) of vertebrates evolved. Originally it was the lower of two cartilages which supported the first branchial arch in early fish. Then it grew longer and stronger, and acquired muscles capable of closing the developing jaw.[1]. In early fish and in chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fish such as sharks), the Meckelian Cartilage continued to be the main component of the lower jaw. But in the adult forms of osteichthyans (bony fish) and their descendants (amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals), the cartilage was covered in bone - although in their embryos the jaw initially develops as the Meckelian Cartilage. In all tetrapods the cartilage partially ossifies (changes to bone) at the rear end of the jaw and becomes the articular bone, which forms part of the jaw joint in all tetrapods except mammals.[1]. In some extinct mammal groups like eutriconodonts, the Meckels cartilage still ...
Periodontal Status of Mandibular Central Incisors After Orthodontic Proclination in Adults - PubMedPeriodontal Status of Mandibular Central Incisors After Orthodontic Proclination in Adults - PubMed
Final inclination (|95 degrees ) and free gingival-margin thickness (|0.5 mm) showed greater and more severe recession on the mandibular central incisors. Nevertheless, when comparing thickness to the final inclination, thickness had greater relevance to recession.
A new technique for mandibular osteotomy | Head & Face Medicine | Full TextA new technique for mandibular osteotomy | Head & Face Medicine | Full Text
Sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) is a surgical technique largely employed for mandibular mobilizations in orthognatic procedures. However, the traditional design of buccal osteotomy, located at the junction of mandibular ramus and body, may prevent more extensive sliding between the bone segments, particularly on the advance, laterality and verticality of the mandibular body. The author proposes a new technical and conceptual solution, in which osteotomy is performed in a more distal region, next to the mental formamen. Technically, the area of contact between medullary-cancellous bone surfaces is increased, resulting in larger sliding rates among bone segments; it also facilitates the use of rigid fixation systems, with miniplates and monocortical screws. Conceptually, it interferes with the resistance arm of the mandible, seen as an interpotent lever of the third gender.
Sexual Dimorphism in Adult Human Mandible of North Indian OriginSexual Dimorphism in Adult Human Mandible of North Indian Origin
Background: In forensic science the identification of a human is based on three important factors: Age, Sex and Stature. Bones are an important tool for it and among human bones the pelvis and the skull are the most reliable source for sex determination. In the absence of complete pelvis, mandi-ble becomes the important source for sex determination since mandible is the most durable and movable part of skull that can resist postmortem changes. The present study is conducted to assess the accuracy and role of few metric and morphological parameters in determination of the sex of dry adult human mandible of North Indian origin. Material & Methods: The Study is conducted on 50 dry intact human adult mandibles of North Indian origin. The metric parameters i.e. bigonial breadth, bicondylar breadth are measured with a Vernier Calliper by two observers. Non-metric parameters being observed are the morphological features like gonion flaring, muscular markings and shape of angle of symphysis menti. Result &
Endodontology : Table of ContentsEndodontology : Table of Contents
Background and Objectives: Mandibular incisors anatomy presents a challenge when making endodontic access because of its small size and high prevalence of two canals and isthmus within them. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the root canal anatomy and its aberrant morphology in mandibular central incisors. Knowing the variations in canal anatomy such as two canals, presence of isthmus, type, its prevalence, and position in the mandibular central incisors, which help improve the procedure of successful root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty extracted human mandibular central incisor teeth were collected. Two different studies have been performed. Sixty teeth were studied through tooth clearing and dye penetration technique. Teeth were decalcified with 5% nitric acid, dehydrated with increasing concentrations of alcohol and rendered clear by immersion in methyl salicylate. Hematoxylin dye was inserted in access cavity and canals. The samples were ...
Endodontology : Table of ContentsEndodontology : Table of Contents
Background and Objectives: Mandibular incisors anatomy presents a challenge when making endodontic access because of its small size and high prevalence of two canals and isthmus within them. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the root canal anatomy and its aberrant morphology in mandibular central incisors. Knowing the variations in canal anatomy such as two canals, presence of isthmus, type, its prevalence, and position in the mandibular central incisors, which help improve the procedure of successful root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty extracted human mandibular central incisor teeth were collected. Two different studies have been performed. Sixty teeth were studied through tooth clearing and dye penetration technique. Teeth were decalcified with 5% nitric acid, dehydrated with increasing concentrations of alcohol and rendered clear by immersion in methyl salicylate. Hematoxylin dye was inserted in access cavity and canals. The samples were ...
Geometric modelling and finite element analysis of dental implants in the human mandible: Computer Graphics BonnGeometric modelling and finite element analysis of dental implants in the human mandible: Computer Graphics Bonn
INPROCEEDINGS{klein-1997-geometrtic, author = {Klein, Reinhard and Kr{\a}mer, J. and F{\u}tterling, S.}, pages = {73--80}, title = {Geometric modelling and finite element analysis of dental implants in the human mandible}, booktitle = {HERBSTTAGUNG 97 3D Bildanalyse und -synthese}, year = {1997}, month = nov ...
与发育相关的基因 张咸宁 Tel ： ; Office: C303, Teaching Building 2014/ ppt download与发育相关的基因 张咸宁 Tel ： ; Office: C303, Teaching Building 2014/ ppt download
2 出生缺陷（ Birth defect ）：即先天性疾病 Malformation 畸形 is a primary morphologic defect of an organ or body part resulting from an intrinsically 本质上 abnormal developmental process (e.g., cleft lip 唇裂, polydactyly 多指趾 ). Dysplasia 发育异常 is a primary defect involving abnormal organization of cells into tissue (e.g., vascular malformation 血管畸形 ). Sequence 序列征 is a primary defect with its secondary structural changes (e.g., Pierre Robin sequence, a disorder in which a primary defect in mandibular 下颌骨 development produces a small jaw, secondary glossoptosis 舌后坠, and a cleft palate 腭裂 ) Syndrome 综合征 is a pattern of multiple primary malformations with a single etiology (e.g., trisomy 13 syndrome). Deformation 变形 is alteration of the form, shape, or position of a normally formed body part by mechanical forces 机械力. It usually occurs in the fetal period, not in embryogenesis 胚胎发生. It is a secondary alteration. ...
Evaluation of single-tooth implants in the second molar region: A 5-year life-table analysis of a retrospective study<...Evaluation of single-tooth implants in the second molar region: A 5-year life-table analysis of a retrospective study<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Evaluation of single-tooth implants in the second molar region. T2 - A 5-year life-table analysis of a retrospective study. AU - Koo, Ki Tae. AU - Wikesjö, Ulf M E. AU - Park, Jang Yeol. AU - Kim, Tae. AU - Seol, Yang Jo. AU - Ku, Young. AU - Rhyu, In Chul. AU - Chung, Chong Pyoung. AU - Lee, Yong Moo. PY - 2010/9/1. Y1 - 2010/9/1. N2 - Background: To our knowledge no study has evaluated the success or survival rate of single-tooth implants that replaced missing maxillary and mandibular second molars. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the 1- to 5-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) for single-tooth implants placed inthe second molar region and the effects of associated factors. Methods: Four hundred eighty-nine patients (298 males and 191 females; age range: 23 to 91 years; mean age: 47 years) who were admitted to the Seoul National University Dental Hospital between March 2003 and July 2008 and treated with single-tooth implants in the second molar region (227 ...
PRIME PubMed | A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study on Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese SubpopulatioPRIME PubMed | A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study on Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese Subpopulatio
PubMed journal article A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study on Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese Subpopulatio were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone or iPad.
2: Variations in Transition of Mandibular Incisors | Pocket Dentistry2: Variations in Transition of Mandibular Incisors | Pocket Dentistry
Chapter 2. Variations in Transition of Mandibular Incisors*. 2.1 Introduction The mandible precedes the maxilla in the transition of the incisors. The first deciduous tooth to be lost - the mandibular central incisor - is exfoliated about 1 year earlier than the corresponding maxillary incisor.. The tooth-containing parts of the mandible differ markedly from those in the maxilla in size, shape, and structure. Consequently, the transition of the mandibular incisors differs from that of the maxillary incisors. In the mandible less space is available for the crowns of the not-yet-erupting permanent teeth and the roots of the deciduous and permanent ones than in the maxilla. Further, the mandible does not have an interstitial growth site in the form of a midsagittal suture that can contribute to an increased transverse jaw dimension in the median plane. The aforementioned differences partly explain why the transition of incisors in the mandible varies less than that in the maxilla.. The combination ...
Cartilage Cells Development in the Meckels Cartilage - LifeMap DiscoveryCartilage Cells Development in the Meckel's Cartilage - LifeMap Discovery
Cartilage cells are formed by the division of chondrocytes, which produce and maintain the extracellular matrix of cartilage. At E16.5, chondrocytes in the middle portion of Meckels cartilage become hypertrophic and degenerate.. ...
IMG 0090 - mastoid notch fi fll J k t e-=-21 Label the following illustration ramus mental foramen coronoid process H using the...IMG 0090 - mastoid notch fi fll J k t e-=-21 Label the following illustration ramus mental foramen coronoid process H using the...
View Notes - IMG_0090 from BIO 102 at Harvard. mastoid notch fi fll J. k. t. e.*-=----21. Label the following illustration ramus mental foramen coronoid process H using the terms provided. mandibular
chin ptosis Archiveschin ptosis Archives
A chin that sags over the line of the jaw (chin bone) is called chin ptosis. (ptosis is medically defined as a sagging of a body part) While some people have this naturally, most of the time it is due to the soft tissues of the chin sliding downward for a reason. This can occur from simple aging, loss of ones lower front teeth, and due to different surgical procedures of the chin. A few people actually have pseudo- or perceived chin ptosis which occurs as a result of a natural deep crease below the lower lip (submental crease) which makes the chin look ptotic (particularly when smiling) even though it is not. Successful correction of chin ptosis can usually be done for those problems caused by prior surgeries. Chin surgeries that are well known to cause soft tissue sagging include the intraoral placement of implants, removal of an overly large implant and bony reductions. Other less common causes include intraoral access for repair of mandibular symphysis and parasymphyseal fractures and ...
The cranial osteology of Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos (Crocodylomorpha: Metriorhynchidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Europe ...The cranial osteology of Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos (Crocodylomorpha: Metriorhynchidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Europe ...
Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos is one of numerous metriorhynchid crocodylomorph species known from the Oxford Clay Formation of England (Callovian-Oxfordian; Middle-Late Jurassic). This taxon is of evolutionary importance, as it is the oldest and most basal known macrophagous metriorhynchid. It has a mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived feeding related characteristics, including: teeth with microscopic, poorly formed and non-contiguous denticles; increased tooth apicobasal length; ventrally displaced dentary tooth row (increased gape); reduced dentary tooth count; and a proportionally long mandibular symphysis. However the type specimen, and current referred specimens, all lack a preserved cranium. As such, the craniofacial morphology of this taxon, and its potential feeding ecology, remains poorly understood. Here we describe two skulls and two lower jaws which we refer to T. lythrodectikos. Previously these specimens were referred to Metriorhynchus brachyrhynchus. They share with the T. lythrodectikos
KAKEN - Research Projects | 2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report (KAKENHI-PROJECT-25463205)KAKEN - Research Projects | 2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report (KAKENHI-PROJECT-25463205)
The present study developed the system for integrating morphological coordinates obtained with dental computer tomography and jaw movement coordinates acquired with a mandibular movement measuring device in order to enable multipoint analysis of anatomical condylar movements to be performed. The incisal paths as well as masseter and anterior temporal muscle activity were simultaneously recorded in orthodontic patients to elucidate the adaptation of TMJ after orthodontic treatment. The results suggested that adaptive bone remodeling of the TMJ might occur due to the correction of occlusion and craniofacial morphology in patients with mandibular protrusion and maxillary protrusion. Main occluding area in patients with mandibular protrusion was located in the upper first molar and the lower second molar. Spee curvature related to the posterior slope of articular eminence in the patients with maxillary protrusion. ...
April 2015 | Patagonian monstersApril 2015 | Patagonian monsters
The retromolar space (RMS), defined in paleoanthropology as a space posterior to the third molar, between the distal edge of the tooth and the anterior margin of the ascending ramus when the mandible is held in lateral view, has been described as an autapomorphic trait unique to Neandertals despite its presence in anatomically modern humans (AMHs). This study examined RMS prevalence in a sample of Protohistoric Arikara and Mandan Amerindians to determine what craniofacial morphology is correlated with the RMS. It was hypothesized that the feature would be present in the Amerindians studied and associated with a long cranial length, a large nasal height, midfacial prognathism, a broad mandible, and dental wear. The results indicated that RMSs were present in the Arikara and Mandan and significantly correlated with cranial length, cranial breadth, nasal height, bizygomatic breadth, basion-nasion length, basion-nasiospinale, mandible length, gonial angle, bigonial breadth, and dental wear. Thus, ...
Mandible Bone Human Skeleton Body - Mei Wo Science Co.,Ltd - ecplaza.netMandible Bone Human Skeleton Body - Mei Wo Science Co.,Ltd - ecplaza.net
Ethmoid bone human skeleton specimen singl,showing cribriform plate,crista galli,perpendicular plate and ethmoidal labyrinth. 1bone material for human skeleton specimens. 2strong supply capacity. 3have an own factories. 4keep the prototype in-situ...
mandibular anglemandibular angle
This review of the effect of presences of third molars on mandibular fractures includes 35 observational studies. The findings suggest that the presence of third molars increases the change of mandibular angle fractures. [read the full story...] ...
Radiation Oncology/Endometrium/Early Stage - Wikibooks, open books for an open worldRadiation Oncology/Endometrium/Early Stage - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Randomized. 392 patients, treated with TAH/BSO, selective PLN and PALND. Originally included "intermediate risk" - stages IB, IC, and II (occult), any grade, with negative LN. Excluded clear cell and papillary serous adenoCA. Revised during the course of study to define "high intermediate risk (HIR)" group expected to have 25% recurrence risk based on increasing age, G2-3 tumor, LVI, or outer 1/3 myometrial invasion: 1) ≥ 70 yrs old with only 1 other risk factor, 2) ≥ 50 yrs old with 2 risk factors; 3) any age with 3 risk factors. Others were considered "low intermediate risk (LIR)". Randomized to Arm 1) no additional treatment (NAT) vs Arm 2) postoperative pelvic EBRT. Fields: superior border at L4/L5 interspace, lateral borders 1 cm beyond pelvis, posterior border at posterior border of S3, anterior border at symphysis pubis. Dose: 50.4 Gy. No brachytherapy allowed ...
Video Gallery : Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryVideo Gallery : Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
This four-part video demonstration is of an isolated neck lift, a procedure indicated in patients with cervical obliquity and bands, in which the soft tissues of the cheek and jawline are well supported by the facial retaining ligaments. I perform isolated neck lifts through postauricular incisions, as well as a submental incision which allows access to contouring the anterior platysma. The dissection is begun laterally through the postauricular incision towards the midline of the neck, dissecting in the subcutaneous plane along the innerface between preplatysmal fat and the underlying platysma muscle. This allows the surgeon to keep the preplatysmal fat intact and vascularized on the cervical skin flap. After performing a similar dissection on the contralateral side, a submental incision is made caudal to the submental skin crease, and the dermal attachments of the crease are dissected from the mandibular symphysis. A through-and-through dissection of the neck is then completed. Preplatysmal ...
Video Gallery : Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryVideo Gallery : Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
This four-part video demonstration is of an isolated neck lift, a procedure indicated in patients with cervical obliquity and bands, in which the soft tissues of the cheek and jawline are well supported by the facial retaining ligaments. I perform isolated neck lifts through postauricular incisions, as well as a submental incision which allows access to contouring the anterior platysma. The dissection is begun laterally through the postauricular incision towards the midline of the neck, dissecting in the subcutaneous plane along the innerface between preplatysmal fat and the underlying platysma muscle. This allows the surgeon to keep the preplatysmal fat intact and vascularized on the cervical skin flap. After performing a similar dissection on the contralateral side, a submental incision is made caudal to the submental skin crease, and the dermal attachments of the crease are dissected from the mandibular symphysis. A through-and-through dissection of the neck is then completed. Preplatysmal ...
Left mandible | ArchéoZoothèqueLeft mandible | ArchéoZoothèque
Left mandible of sheep (Ovis aries)Photo author: Albert Fischer - Date: 27/04/2014.For more information, refer to the presentation of the corpus of the author. - Ovis-Jaw-Left.jpg
The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial ImplantsThe International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
A total of 443 hydroxyapatite-coated cylindrical implants were placed into the posterior mandibles of consenting patients from July 1985 through December 1991. Implants were placed into ridges that had sufficient bone volume. Implants were also placed in ridges with thin bone, grafted bone, or immediate extraction sites, which occasionally resulted in increased morbidity. All were followed yearly with clinical and radiographic examinations. Life table analyses were performed using SAS software. Ten-year cumulative survival and nonmorbid (based on bone loss criteria) rates were determined for the four posterior tooth locations and for all posterior locations combined. Cumulative survival for implants was 0.858 ± 0.056 in the first premolar region, 0.833 ± 0.041 for the second premolar region, 0.785 ± 0.041 for the first molar region, and 0.718 ± 0.064 for the second molar region. When all posterior mandibular locations were taken together, the cumulative survival was 0.793 ± 0.025. ...
Descripción Morfológica del Canal Mandibular en Radiografías Panorámicas de Sujetos Brasileños: Asociación entre...Descripción Morfológica del Canal Mandibular en Radiografías Panorámicas de Sujetos Brasileños: Asociación entre...
Discussion The mental foramen has been used as a point of reference in morphometric analyses of the mandible, by virtue of its stable relation with the base of this bone (Neiva et al., 2004). In this study, the mean values of the distances between the image of the mental foramen and the mandible base (D1), and of this foramen to the alveolar crest (D2) had no statistically significant differences between the analyzed age groups, confirming the stability of this relation throughout the individuals adult life. The mean values of R1 (D1/D2) did not differ statistically between the four studied groups indicating that it is constant. There are records in the literature that the stability of D1 not depend on the reabsorption of the alveolar process in the region above of the foramen, and that the vertical measurements in panoramic radiography are clinically applicable for quantification of the height of the alveolar bone in this region (Lindh et al.; Güller et al.). The mean values of the ratios ...
Measuring cellular forces within living embryonic tissues - Fakultät für Physik - LMU MünchenMeasuring cellular forces within living embryonic tissues - Fakultät für Physik - LMU München
Cell-generated mechanical forces play a critical role during tissue morphogenesis and organ formation in the embryo. Despite their relevance in sculpting functional embryonic structures, very little is known about the mechanisms by which cellular forces affect/control developmental processes, mainly because it has not been possible to measure cellular forces within developing tissues in vivo. In this talk, I will present a new technique that permits direct quantification of cellular mechanical stresses in situ within living tissues and developing organs. Using this novel technique, we quantify the stresses generated by mammary epithelial cells cultured within 3D aggregates (3.4 nN/µm2) and confirm that these stresses are dependent on myosin II activity and more than two-fold larger than the stresses generated by cells of embryonic tooth mesenchyme when analyzed within similar cultured aggregates or in developing whole mouse mandibles.. ...
Prognathism dominant - RightDiagnosis.comPrognathism dominant - RightDiagnosis.com
Prognathism dominant symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment information for Prognathism dominant (Prognathism dominant) with alternative diagnoses, full-text book chapters, misdiagnosis, research treatments, prevention, and prognosis.
Late Pleistocene modern human mandibles from the Minatogawa Fissure site, Okinawa, Japan: morphological affinities and...Late Pleistocene modern human mandibles from the Minatogawa Fissure site, Okinawa, Japan: morphological affinities and...
Japans largest platform for academic e-journals: J-STAGE is a full text database for reviewed academic papers published by Japanese societies
Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758)Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Worker: Minute (HL 0.56-0.64 mm, HW 0.44-0.49 mm, SL 0.47-0.52 mm, EL 0.08-0.10 mm, MeSL 0.63-0.72 mm) (n=5, MEM specimens). Overall light yellowish-brown with the posterior half of the gaster fading to brown or yellow with brown infuscation. Head longer than wide, rectangular, with fine micro reticulate punctation that does not completely obscure the shiny integument; with scattered, short, appressed to semi erect setae; clypeus raised, narrowed, with multiple, weak carinae; eyes small, located on sides of the head near the midline; ocelli lacking; mandibles with four teeth; antenna 12-segmented, with 3-segmented club, scape extending beyond posterior border of head by about the length of pedicel. Mesosoma with promesonotum smoothly curved and arched upward in lateral view, promesonotal suture weak; metanotal suture strongly impressed, propodeum distinctly separated from promesonotum and slightly depressed, propodeal dorsum about twice the height of propodeal declivity; entire mesosoma with ...
MacEwen triangle | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.orgMacEwen triangle | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
The MacEwen triangle (also called the suprameatal triangle or mastoid fossa) is a small triangular depression affecting the inner table of the temporal bone. The lines forming the triangle are: anterior: posterior border of the external acousti...
Saurian: November 2012Saurian: November 2012
So where does Oryctodromeus figure in all this? Well surprisingly not that close to any of the other groups mainly due to a ventral expansion along the posterior border of the scapula blade. The authors hypothesise that since this is the attachment site for the deltoideus muscle there is a chance that this can be seen as an adaption for digging since extant mammals that burrow today use that very same muscle. I asked the other question that has bugged the burrowing dinosaur theory - was there enough flexibility in the tail for the animal to be able to turn in such a tight area? Jamie Fearon believes that there probably was although she took great pains to point out they were only looking at the forelimb in this current study. ...
Maxillo-mandibular - Everything2.comMaxillo-mandibular - Everything2.com
Max*il`lo-man*dibu*lar (?), a. [Maxilla + mandibular.] Anatomy|Anat. Pertaining to the maxilla and mandible; as, the maxillo-mandi...
a) An orthopantomogram of case 1 revealing ground-glas | Open-ia) An orthopantomogram of case 1 revealing ground-glas | Open-i
(a) An orthopantomogram of case 1 revealing ground-glass appearance in the left mandible and having a fusiform shape. (b) A mandibular right lateral cross-secti
Marc Needed His Second Molar Extracted in Leominster, MAMarc Needed His Second Molar Extracted in Leominster, MA
Marc needed a second molar removed, so he came to our office in Leominster, MA, for his extraction. Hear about his positive experience with Dr. Colarusso.
chin twitch - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for chin twitchchin twitch - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for chin twitch
chin twitch - MedHelps chin twitch Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for chin twitch. Find chin twitch information, treatments for chin twitch and chin twitch symptoms.
IMPAKSI MOLAR 3 PDFIMPAKSI MOLAR 3 PDF
... - PDF | Impacted third mandibular molar seems as a common and easy case but actually a difficult one when the odontectomy proceeds. Besides, another.
Double chin - Everything2.comDouble chin - Everything2.com
A double chin is a fatty deposit located on the fleshy area just below the chin. This fatty deposit causes the appearance of having two chins. There are...
Double Chin TreatmentDouble Chin Treatment
... - Excess fat or excess skin laxity under the chin may cause the double chin. This extra tissue produces a shadowing effect and makes people look fatter and
Weak chin - April 2013 Babies | Forums | What to ExpectWeak chin - April 2013 Babies | Forums | What to Expect
Hi all my LO is 8 weeks old with weak chin , I used to have very bad sore nipple & start bottle feed. I dont know if all newborn gets weak chin in...
Do cleft chins look good on girls?Do cleft chins look good on girls?
Answers to the question, Do Cleft Chins Look Good On Girls? Answers to Questions from People Who Know at Ask Experience Project.
Submandibular glandSubmandibular gland
Submandibular foveaSubmandibular fovea
Lateral pterygoid muscleLateral pterygoid muscle
Sublingual glandSublingual gland
Medial pterygoid muscleMedial pterygoid muscle
Depressor labii inferioris muscleDepressor labii inferioris muscle
Maxillary arteryMaxillary artery
Stag-mooseStag-moose
SubluxationSubluxation
Hypostome (tick)Hypostome (tick)
PericlimenaeusPericlimenaeus
Glossary of bird termsGlossary of bird terms
Uromunna sheltoniUromunna sheltoni
Temporal styloid processTemporal styloid process
Lagidium ahuacaenseLagidium ahuacaense
MorrinhosuchusMorrinhosuchus
WWF Hasbro action figuresWWF Hasbro action figures
Lantian ManLantian Man
Osteoid osteomaOsteoid osteoma
Greater wing of sphenoid boneGreater wing of sphenoid bone
MentalisMentalis
Orthognathic surgeryOrthognathic surgery
Miniopterus zapfeiMiniopterus zapfei
Lasioglossum leucozoniumLasioglossum leucozonium
MaxillaMaxilla
Distraction osteogenesisDistraction osteogenesis
SkullSkull
Periclimenes pholeterPericlimenes pholeter
Snake skeletonSnake skeleton
Lufengpithecus lufengensisLufengpithecus lufengensis
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Mandibular NeoplasmsMandibular DiseasesRadiography, PanoramicJaw, EdentulousMandibular CondyleChinCephalometryMaxillaMandibular InjuriesRetrognathiaFacial BonesOsteogenesis, DistractionTemporomandibular JointDental Implantation, EndosseousBite ForceAlveolar ProcessMasticationDental ImplantsOdontogenic TumorsJawSkullJaw Fixation TechniquesMolarJaw NeoplasmsMasticatory MusclesFacial AsymmetryDental Prosthesis, Implant-SupportedAmeloblastomaMaxillary DiseasesOsteoradionecrosisOral Surgical ProceduresMandibular NerveMalocclusion, Angle Class IIIDental OcclusionIncisorMandibular AdvancementMicrognathismToothDenture, OverlayCone-Beam Computed TomographyOdontogenic CystsHyoid BoneVertical DimensionMasseter MuscleMalocclusion, Angle Class IIDental ArchDentitionJaw CystsBicuspidAlveolar Ridge AugmentationMaxillary NeoplasmsExtraoral Traction AppliancesSkull BaseOrthodontic Appliances, FunctionalPterygoid MusclesOcclusal SplintsPierre Robin SyndromeAlveolar Bone LossCuspidBone RegenerationOdontomaOrthodontic Appliance DesignOsteomaOrthognathic Surgical ProceduresPrognathismOsteolysis, EssentialStomatognathic SystemMalocclusionJaw DiseasesModels, AnatomicAnatomic LandmarksTooth, ImpactedCementomaX-Ray MicrotomographyTemporal MuscleActivator AppliancesPalateNasal BoneMandibular OsteotomyJaw, Edentulous, PartiallyMouth, EdentulousZygomaMalocclusion, Angle Class IOverbiteGingival NeoplasmsFossilsTooth ExtractionCraniologyDental Prosthesis DesignGranuloma, Giant CellTooth SocketDental Occlusion, CentricCraniofacial AbnormalitiesFinite Element AnalysisImaging, Three-DimensionalPalatal Expansion TechniqueDentition, MixedJaw FracturesMolar, ThirdCentric RelationBone RemodelingTomography, X-Ray ComputedPaleodontologyTongueCherubismRadiographic MagnificationFree Tissue FlapsOsteogenesisOdontogenesisDental ModelsRadiography, DentalOsteotomyTooth AbnormalitiesOrthodontic RetainersAnatomic VariationTooth EruptionOrthodontics, InterceptiveHominidaeSerial ExtractionFibroma, DesmoplasticFacial InjuriesOsteonecrosisHyperostosisOrthodontics, CorrectiveFibrous Dysplasia, MonostoticTemporomandibular Joint DisordersTooth CalcificationTooth AttritionAnthropologyBlade ImplantationSella TurcicaMicroradiographyReconstructive Surgical ProceduresBiomechanical PhenomenaHaversian SystemDental Prosthesis RetentionDenture, CompleteAnatomy, ComparativeTooth MovementTooth, SupernumeraryDental Stress AnalysisPeriodontal LigamentTemporal BoneOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresPaleontologyBone MatrixLipOsteotomy, Le FortStress, MechanicalFaceDenture RetentionCadaverOral HemorrhageFelidaeFibulaDiastemaSurgery, OralTooth CrownMaxillary FracturesBeetlesRadiometric DatingOrthodontic AppliancesCartilageAnodontiaChondrosarcoma, MesenchymalImage Processing, Computer-AssistedTrigeminal Nerve InjuriesJaw Relation RecordOsteomyelitisBone SubstitutesTooth RootPatient Care PlanningEuthanasia, AnimalHyperostosis, Cortical, CongenitalBranchial RegionTooth ApexMyofibromaPeriapical DiseasesFrontal BoneBone DensityHeadPeriosteumHumpback WhaleTomography Scanners, X-Ray ComputedMaxillofacial InjuriesOpen BiteBone Cysts, AneurysmalBiological EvolutionMouth FloorMouth NeoplasmsOsseointegrationAnatomy, Cross-SectionalGlossectomyTemporomandibular Joint DiscBone and BonesFibrous Dysplasia of BoneBone TransplantationSotos SyndromeTooth, UneruptedGingival HyperplasiaTooth, Deciduous
Atrophic Mandible - Model 4 Series | inc - Buyamag INCAtrophic Mandible - Model 4 Series | inc - Buyamag INC
Mandible Augmentation | Face | Wish Aesthetic Surgery ClinicMandible Augmentation | Face | Wish Aesthetic Surgery Clinic
Human mandible with teeth - Curiosities from the 5th CornerHuman mandible with teeth - Curiosities from the 5th Corner
Internet Scientific PublicationsInternet Scientific Publications
Mandible | Encyclopedia.comMandible | Encyclopedia.com
Mandible | anatomy | Britannica.comMandible | anatomy | Britannica.com
Mandible - WikipediaMandible - Wikipedia
mandibles - Wiktionarymandibles - Wiktionary
Peninj Mandible - WikipediaPeninj Mandible - Wikipedia
Excavating Mandible [image] | EurekAlert! Science NewsExcavating Mandible [image] | EurekAlert! Science News
Functional Reconstruction of the Mandible | SpringerLinkFunctional Reconstruction of the Mandible | SpringerLink
Mandible Dislocation Differential DiagnosesMandible Dislocation Differential Diagnoses
Prognathous MandiblePrognathous Mandible
Medial MandibleMedial Mandible
Multilocular Unicystic Ameloblastoma of MandibleMultilocular Unicystic Ameloblastoma of Mandible
Phyllotine MandiblesPhyllotine Mandibles
Mandible Anatomy, Definition & Function | Body MapsMandible Anatomy, Definition & Function | Body Maps
Mandible Wall Clocks | Society6Mandible Wall Clocks | Society6
Mandible AnatomyMandible Anatomy
Temporal crest of mandible definition | Drugs.comTemporal crest of mandible definition | Drugs.com
Serrated Mandible Grips - Item - World of WarcraftSerrated Mandible Grips - Item - World of Warcraft
Mandible - Diagram of Human Mouth and ThroatMandible - Diagram of Human Mouth and Throat
A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau | NatureA late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau | Nature
Diversity of Ant MandiblesDiversity of Ant Mandibles
Hoplitis spoliata, female, mandible imageHoplitis spoliata, female, mandible image
Osmia texana, male, mandible imageOsmia texana, male, mandible image
Stream Carbonized Gnawing Mandible | Free Internet Radio | TuneInStream Carbonized Gnawing Mandible | Free Internet Radio | TuneIn
Coronoid process of the mandible definition | Drugs.comCoronoid process of the mandible definition | Drugs.com
TMJ problem, mandible assymetry - Temporomandibular Joint & Muscle - MedHelpTMJ problem, mandible assymetry - Temporomandibular Joint & Muscle - MedHelp
Osteochondroma of the Mandible: A Rare Case ReportOsteochondroma of the Mandible: A Rare Case Report
Mandible Bone by BME Sundevil - ThingiverseMandible Bone by BME Sundevil - Thingiverse
Mandible | Rock Climbing Routes | Rockclimbing.comMandible | Rock Climbing Routes | Rockclimbing.com
Mandible (insect mouthpart) - WikipediaMandible (insect mouthpart) - Wikipedia
Fibula free flap: a new method of mandible reconstruction. - PubMed - NCBIFibula free flap: a new method of mandible reconstruction. - PubMed - NCBI
SOUNZ MandibleSOUNZ Mandible
The Mandible | Rock Climbing Routes | Rockclimbing.comThe Mandible | Rock Climbing Routes | Rockclimbing.com
General Mandible & Queen | FamilyCorner.com®General Mandible & Queen | FamilyCorner.com®
mandible | Origin and meaning of mandible by Online Etymology Dictionarymandible | Origin and meaning of mandible by Online Etymology Dictionary
Hey Mandible - 3hiveHey Mandible - 3hive
Mandible Fracture | Medical Billing and Coding Forum - AAPCMandible Fracture | Medical Billing and Coding Forum - AAPC
abnormal mandible morphology Mammalian Phenotype Term (MP:0000458)abnormal mandible morphology Mammalian Phenotype Term (MP:0000458)
Arundel Mandible Carbon Cage | Jenson USAArundel Mandible Carbon Cage | Jenson USA
I Mandible | Rakuten KoboI Mandible | Rakuten Kobo
Reconstruction of the mandibleReconstruction of the mandible
Human Skull - separated mandible and connectors by skriver - ThingiverseHuman Skull - separated mandible and connectors by skriver - Thingiverse
Map of Mandible Street Cycleway Alexandria, NSW 2015 | Whereis®Map of Mandible Street Cycleway Alexandria, NSW 2015 | Whereis®
Simulation of Mandible Biomechanics after Fixation of Subcondylar FracturesSimulation of Mandible Biomechanics after Fixation of Subcondylar Fractures
C117/2 Mandible Street, Alexandria, NSW 2015 - Property DetailsC117/2 Mandible Street, Alexandria, NSW 2015 - Property Details
Arundel Mandible Carbon Bottle Cage | CANYON AUArundel Mandible Carbon Bottle Cage | CANYON AU
Your Mandible Size Is Overrated | Science 2.0Your Mandible Size Is Overrated | Science 2.0
Recently recovered Kenyapithecus mandible and its implications for great ape and human origins. | PNASRecently recovered Kenyapithecus mandible and its implications for great ape and human origins. | PNAS
Mandible Klaw Archives | BeatRoute MagazineMandible Klaw Archives | BeatRoute Magazine
Ewings sarcoma of the mandibleEwings' sarcoma of the mandible
Evolution of the cichlid mandibleEvolution of the cichlid mandible
THE MANDIBLESTHE MANDIBLES
Ethanol embolization of arteriovenous malformations of the mandible.Ethanol embolization of arteriovenous malformations of the mandible.
Duane Mandible on Other Religions | Fr. Dwight LongeneckerDuane Mandible on Other Religions | Fr. Dwight Longenecker
Table of Contents: The MandiblesTable of Contents: The Mandibles
Mandibles Lyrics E Town ConcreteMandibles Lyrics E Town Concrete
Mandible - DocCheck FlexikonMandible - DocCheck Flexikon
No mandible parts of Stoner Hill skull were recovered findings sent to LSUNo mandible parts of Stoner Hill skull were recovered findings sent to LSU
New pirate ant uses sickle-shaped mandibles to decimate rivalsNew pirate ant uses sickle-shaped mandibles to decimate rivals
Trophy Mandible - Item - World of WarcraftTrophy Mandible - Item - World of Warcraft
mandible clawmandible claw
Question - anyone code mandible fracture? | Medical Billing and Coding Forum - AAPCQuestion - anyone code mandible fracture? | Medical Billing and Coding Forum - AAPC
Mysterious Universe mandiblesMysterious Universe mandibles
Skull and one side of mandible of Musk Rat.Skull and one side of mandible of Musk Rat.
Media Mandible | MetaFilter ProjectsMedia Mandible | MetaFilter Projects
Mandible-Maxilla - Ameloblastic fibromaMandible-Maxilla - Ameloblastic fibroma
Mandible-Maxilla - Osteoradionecrosis (ORN)Mandible-Maxilla - Osteoradionecrosis (ORN)
Mandible infection - RightDiagnosis.comMandible infection - RightDiagnosis.com
Alexandria - Mandible Street - GoGetAlexandria - Mandible Street - GoGet
Gingival numb and Mandible redness - Symptom Checker - check medical symptoms at RightDiagnosisGingival numb and Mandible redness - Symptom Checker - check medical symptoms at RightDiagnosis
Mandible redness and Neck swelling - Symptom Checker - check medical symptoms at RightDiagnosisMandible redness and Neck swelling - Symptom Checker - check medical symptoms at RightDiagnosis
Endosseous cylinder implants in severely atrophic mandibles : Implant DentistryEndosseous cylinder implants in severely atrophic mandibles : Implant Dentistry
Evolution of Skull and Mandible Shape in Cats (Carnivora: Felidae)Evolution of Skull and Mandible Shape in Cats (Carnivora: Felidae)
Mandible-Maxilla - Glandular odontogenic cystMandible-Maxilla - Glandular odontogenic cyst
Mandible Reconstruction Project | benjamin grosserMandible Reconstruction Project | benjamin grosser
Fall of the House of Mandible book by Dan Greenburg | 1 available editions | Alibris BooksFall of the House of Mandible book by Dan Greenburg | 1 available editions | Alibris Books
Intra-osseous myofibroma of the mandible in childrenIntra-osseous myofibroma of the mandible in children
Fox Mandible for articulated skull (WPJJPWJM9) by CamazineFox Mandible for articulated skull (WPJJPWJM9) by Camazine
Real Antique Human Mandible - Skulls Unlimited International, Inc.Real Antique Human Mandible - Skulls Unlimited International, Inc.
Desmoplastic Fibroma of the Mandible in a child presenting with TMJ dysfunction | SpringerLinkDesmoplastic Fibroma of the Mandible in a child presenting with TMJ dysfunction | SpringerLink
Definition of MANDIBLES (Meaning of MANDIBLES), a 9 Letter WordDefinition of MANDIBLES (Meaning of MANDIBLES), a 9 Letter Word
Facial fractures: the mandible | The Journal of the American Osteopathic AssociationFacial fractures: the mandible | The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association
Proliferation of masseter myocytes after distraction osteogenesis of the porcine mandible.Proliferation of masseter myocytes after distraction osteogenesis of the porcine mandible.
Fractures of the Mandible - WSAVA2013 - VINFractures of the Mandible - WSAVA2013 - VIN
Types of Mandible weakness - RightDiagnosis.comTypes of Mandible weakness - RightDiagnosis.com
Arundel Mandible DTR / STR Carbon Cages - Fair Wheel BikesArundel Mandible DTR / STR Carbon Cages - Fair Wheel Bikes
Human anatomy TOOTH SKULL MANDIBLE print SRA3 12x18 conqueror laid paper | FrenchPrinting on ArtFireHuman anatomy TOOTH SKULL MANDIBLE print SRA3 12x18 conqueror laid paper | FrenchPrinting on ArtFire
Dental and mandible/maxilla СТ scan in Kyiv - medical centre Oxford MedicalDental and mandible/maxilla СТ scan in Kyiv - medical centre Oxford Medical
Duane Mandible on Vampires - Fr. Dwight LongeneckerDuane Mandible on Vampires - Fr. Dwight Longenecker
Mandible - Biology-Online Dictionary | Biology-Online DictionaryMandible - Biology-Online Dictionary | Biology-Online Dictionary
Hominid mandible IU News Room: Indiana University Hominid mandible IU News Room: Indiana University
Commands // Marcus Mandible // Nannik | Were sorry, but there are no tickets available for Commands // Marcus Mandible //...Commands // Marcus Mandible // Nannik | We're sorry, but there are no tickets available for Commands // Marcus Mandible //...
Dissertations.se: MANDIBLE CONDYLEDissertations.se: MANDIBLE CONDYLE
Dienekes Anthropology Blog: Morphological and mtDNA analysis of Mezzena mandibleDienekes' Anthropology Blog: Morphological and mtDNA analysis of Mezzena mandible
Assessment of Radiolucent Lesions Affecting the Mandible in Egypt - Suzanne Mansour - kirja(9783846542095) | Adlibris...Assessment of Radiolucent Lesions Affecting the Mandible in Egypt - Suzanne Mansour - kirja(9783846542095) | Adlibris...
The Specific Location of Zinc in Insect Mandibles | Journal of Experimental BiologyThe Specific Location of Zinc in Insect Mandibles | Journal of Experimental Biology
Incidence and Characterization of Unifocal Mandible Fractures on CT | American Journal of NeuroradiologyIncidence and Characterization of Unifocal Mandible Fractures on CT | American Journal of Neuroradiology
Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie announces 3.5 million year old Hominid Mandible - Anthropology.netDr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie announces 3.5 million year old Hominid Mandible - Anthropology.net
Duane Mandible on Popes Resignation - Fr. Dwight LongeneckerDuane Mandible on Pope's Resignation - Fr. Dwight Longenecker
Crestal bone changes around titanium implants. A histometric evaluation of unloaded non-submerged and submerged implants in the...Crestal bone changes around titanium implants. A histometric evaluation of unloaded non-submerged and submerged implants in the...
Mandible | Ear, Nose & Throat JournalMandible | Ear, Nose & Throat Journal
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Mandibular NeoplasmsMandibular DiseasesRadiography, PanoramicJaw, EdentulousMandibular CondyleChinCephalometryMaxillaMandibular InjuriesRetrognathiaFacial BonesOsteogenesis, DistractionTemporomandibular JointDental Implantation, EndosseousBite ForceAlveolar ProcessMasticationDental ImplantsOdontogenic TumorsJawSkullJaw Fixation TechniquesMolarJaw NeoplasmsMasticatory MusclesFacial AsymmetryDental Prosthesis, Implant-SupportedAmeloblastomaMaxillary DiseasesOsteoradionecrosisOral Surgical ProceduresMandibular NerveMalocclusion, Angle Class IIIDental OcclusionIncisorMandibular AdvancementMicrognathismToothDenture, OverlayCone-Beam Computed TomographyOdontogenic CystsHyoid BoneVertical DimensionMasseter MuscleMalocclusion, Angle Class IIDental ArchDentitionJaw CystsBicuspidAlveolar Ridge AugmentationMaxillary NeoplasmsExtraoral Traction AppliancesSkull BaseOrthodontic Appliances, FunctionalPterygoid MusclesOcclusal SplintsPierre Robin SyndromeAlveolar Bone LossCuspidBone RegenerationOdontomaOrthodontic Appliance DesignOsteomaOrthognathic Surgical ProceduresPrognathismOsteolysis, EssentialStomatognathic SystemMalocclusionJaw DiseasesModels, AnatomicAnatomic LandmarksTooth, ImpactedCementomaX-Ray MicrotomographyTemporal MuscleActivator AppliancesPalateNasal BoneMandibular OsteotomyJaw, Edentulous, PartiallyMouth, EdentulousZygomaMalocclusion, Angle Class IOverbiteGingival NeoplasmsFossilsTooth ExtractionCraniologyDental Prosthesis DesignGranuloma, Giant CellTooth SocketDental Occlusion, CentricCraniofacial AbnormalitiesFinite Element AnalysisImaging, Three-DimensionalPalatal Expansion TechniqueDentition, MixedJaw FracturesMolar, ThirdCentric RelationBone RemodelingTomography, X-Ray ComputedPaleodontologyTongueCherubismRadiographic MagnificationFree Tissue FlapsOsteogenesisOdontogenesisDental ModelsRadiography, DentalOsteotomyTooth AbnormalitiesOrthodontic RetainersAnatomic VariationTooth EruptionOrthodontics, InterceptiveHominidaeSerial ExtractionFibroma, DesmoplasticFacial InjuriesOsteonecrosisHyperostosisOrthodontics, CorrectiveFibrous Dysplasia, MonostoticTemporomandibular Joint DisordersTooth CalcificationTooth AttritionAnthropologyBlade ImplantationSella TurcicaMicroradiographyReconstructive Surgical ProceduresBiomechanical PhenomenaHaversian SystemDental Prosthesis RetentionDenture, CompleteAnatomy, ComparativeTooth MovementTooth, SupernumeraryDental Stress AnalysisPeriodontal LigamentTemporal BoneOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresPaleontologyBone MatrixLipOsteotomy, Le FortStress, MechanicalFaceDenture RetentionCadaverOral HemorrhageFelidaeFibulaDiastemaSurgery, OralTooth CrownMaxillary FracturesBeetlesRadiometric DatingOrthodontic AppliancesCartilageAnodontiaChondrosarcoma, MesenchymalImage Processing, Computer-AssistedTrigeminal Nerve InjuriesJaw Relation RecordOsteomyelitisBone SubstitutesTooth RootPatient Care PlanningEuthanasia, AnimalHyperostosis, Cortical, CongenitalBranchial RegionTooth ApexMyofibromaPeriapical DiseasesFrontal BoneBone DensityHeadPeriosteumHumpback WhaleTomography Scanners, X-Ray ComputedMaxillofacial InjuriesOpen BiteBone Cysts, AneurysmalBiological EvolutionMouth FloorMouth NeoplasmsOsseointegrationAnatomy, Cross-SectionalGlossectomyTemporomandibular Joint DiscBone and BonesFibrous Dysplasia of BoneBone TransplantationSotos SyndromeTooth, UneruptedGingival HyperplasiaTooth, Deciduous
TeethBoneLowerGenerallyJawboneFractureFractures of the mandibleSide of mandibleTemporomandibular JointLeft mandibleHuman mandibleDuane MandibleCanine mandibleHominid mandiblePatient's mandibleLesionSkullReconstructionRamusFibromaArundelSymptom CheckerCondyleCageShapeDentalBonyTumorsConcaveJawsPosteriorSidesStyletsBenignProliferationVertebratesCagesMethodsMuscleMusclesMolarsInsect
Teeth2
Bone1
  • However, for few patients who demand subjective mandible enhancement or repair of bone defect due to a previously excessive resection of mandible angle, a mandible implant should be emplaced to increase the face width or reconstruct the mandible contour. (wishclinic.com.tw)
Lower1
  • Similar to mandible reduction, this surgery needs to make a 3-4-cm incision at the lower gum inside the mouth, detach the subperiosteal space, and then emplace pre-modified mandible implants. (wishclinic.com.tw)
Generally1
Jawbone4
Fracture4
Fractures of the mandible1
  • The same principles were applied in 1972173 by Roland Schmoker, who developed a universal plate and sophisticated instrument set designed initially for the treatment of comminuted fractures of the mandible. (springer.com)
Side of mandible2
Temporomandibular Joint2
Left mandible2
Human mandible2
Duane Mandible1
Canine mandible2
Hominid mandible1
  • I was actually in Ethiopia when I heard on the national radio of Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie 's new 3.8 million to 3.5 million years ago hominid mandible. (anthropology.net)
Patient's mandible1
Lesion4
  • Panoramic radiograph revealed a huge osteodestructive lesion with well-defined multilocular radiolucency with thin corticated borders in the left side of the mandible extending from 36 to 45 (Figure 2 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Allon I, Vered M, Buchner A, Dayan D. Central (intraosseous) myofibroma of the mandible: clinical, radiologic and histopathologic features of a rare lesion. (medigraphic.com)
  • The lesion may affect the metaphyses of the long bones but it may also involve the skull bones and more specifically the mandible, with most lesions appearing in the ramus-angle area. (springer.com)
  • Clinical and radiological examination revealed a tumor-like lesion of the mandible extending into the soft tissues, which on biopsy proved to be a desmoplastic fibroma. (springer.com)
Skull4
  • The mandible is one of the twenty-two bones that make up the skull and the only one of those bones that is not fused to its neighbors. (innerbody.com)
  • Human Skull - separated mandible and connectors by skriver is licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution - Share Alike license. (thingiverse.com)
  • No mandible parts were located, and as of Wednesday evening, no other parts of the skull were recovered, the Caddo Parish Coroner's Office told The Times. (shreveporttimes.com)
  • Human anatomy of TOOTH SKULL MANDIBLE from Govert Bidloo around 1685. (artfire.com)
Reconstruction3
Ramus2
  • ridge along anteromedial aspect of the coronoid process and upper ramus of the mandible into which the temporalis muscle inserts. (drugs.com)
  • The mandible branch (Ramus mandibulae) originating from the Anguli mandibulae on both sides, has a square basic shape with 2 surfaces, 4 edges and 2 protrusions (processus). (doccheck.com)
Fibroma4
Arundel3
Symptom Checker1
Condyle1
  • Both the condyle and coronoid tip being the most common sites of occurrence in the mandible, it rarely appears at the symphysis region. (hindawi.com)
Cage2
Shape4
  • The shape of the condyles of the mandible allows it to elevate as well as depress in order to open and close the mouth. (innerbody.com)
  • These occur because when the body shape changes associated with developing large mandibles in males are transmitted to daughters it means a reduction in egg space. (science20.com)
  • In this light, we can interpret the position of the Mezzena mandible which stands within the modern human shape space, while presenting strong shape similarities with some Neanderthal specimens. (blogspot.com)
  • Teeth Pie' is Alban's interpretation of the mandible shape done in clay. (reporterherald.com)
Dental2
  • Symphyseal and dental attributes of the mandible distinguish K. africanus, a species widely regarded as the earliest known member of the great ape and human clade, from other Miocene large-bodied hominoids. (pnas.org)
  • As he says about his art, "My recent work has centered on teeth, and mandibles coming from some industrial strength dental work I endured. (reporterherald.com)
Bony3
Tumors1
Concave2
Jaws2
  • pair of chewing jaws (mandibles), a pair of complex first maxillae, and a pair of similar second maxillae joined together behind the mouth to form a structure called the labium. (britannica.com)
  • Mandibles ('jaws') are a crucial tool for many insects, but perhaps in no insect group are they more highly utilized than in the ants (Formicidae). (tolweb.org)
Posterior1
Sides2
  • Mass foraging predators (e.g. army ants, described below) use their mandibles to pin down prey from all sides while their nestmates dispatch it. (tolweb.org)
  • In dorsal and cranial direction, you can see the mylohyoid line of the mandible ascending on both sides, imitating the course of the Linea obliqua on the external side. (doccheck.com)
Stylets3
Benign1
  • Patients undergoing hemimandibulectomy due to benign and malignant tumours leads to rotation of mandible. (omicsonline.org)
Proliferation2
Vertebrates1
  • Insect mandibles, which appear to be evolutionarily derived from legs, move in the horizontal plane unlike those of vertebrates, which appear to be derived from gill arches and move vertically. (wikipedia.org)
Cages1
  • I like to looks of the mandible better, and had the arms not been so tight, these would have been my new cages. (mtbr.com)
Methods2
  • Mandible s became functionless or were lost entirely relatively early in fly evolution and therefore bloodsucking families that evolved later had to develop other piercing methods. (britannica.com)
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight consecutive patients with symptomatic AVMs of the mandible between August 2007 and September 2008 were enrolled in this study group. (biomedsearch.com)
Muscle1
  • Below the spines, there is the small oval digastric fossa of the mandible, which represents the origin of the digastric muscle. (doccheck.com)
Muscles2
  • Several muscles involved in moving the jaw have insertion points along the mandible. (innerbody.com)
  • Several other muscles form their origins on the mandible, such as the buccinators muscles, which arise inferior to the alveoli, and the mentalis muscles, which arise from the mental protuberance. (innerbody.com)
Molars1
  • The Maboko Island mandible exhibits a markedly proclined symphyseal axis, massive inferior transverse torus, mesiodistally narrow, high-crowned, and strongly procumbent lateral incisor, and molars with cingula restricted to the median buccal cleft. (pnas.org)
Insect1
  • Insect mandibles are a pair of appendages near the insect's mouth, and the most anterior of the three pairs of oral appendages (the labrum is more anterior, but is a single fused structure). (wikipedia.org)
Map of Mandible Street Cycleway Alexandria, NSW 2015 | Whereis®
Map of Mandible Street Cycleway Alexandria, NSW 2015 | Whereis® (whereis.com)
Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma of the Mandible with Normal Karyotype in a Pediatric Patient : Figure 3
Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma of the Mandible with Normal Karyotype in a Pediatric Patient : Figure 3 (hindawi.com)
Evolution of Skull and Mandible Shape in Cats (Carnivora: Felidae)
Evolution of Skull and Mandible Shape in Cats (Carnivora: Felidae) (journals.plos.org)
JCDR - Mandible, Men, Multilocular, Plexiform, Southeast Asia
JCDR - Mandible, Men, Multilocular, Plexiform, Southeast Asia (jcdr.net)
MedPix Topic - Mandible Fracture
MedPix Topic - Mandible Fracture (medpix.nlm.nih.gov)
Typology of the antegonial notch in the human mandible | Porwolik | Folia Morphologica
Typology of the antegonial notch in the human mandible | Porwolik | Folia Morphologica (journals.viamedica.pl)
Insect mouthparts - Wikipedia
Insect mouthparts - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Weak Mandible
Weak Mandible (dogbeachvet.com)
Mandible | anatomy | Britannica.com
Mandible | anatomy | Britannica.com (britannica.com)
Facebook for Developers
Facebook for Developers (developers.facebook.com)
Mandible Claw: vincent touzery
Mandible Claw: vincent touzery (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Mandible Claw: July 2009
Mandible Claw: July 2009 (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Mandible Claw: skate bush
Mandible Claw: skate bush (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Excavating Mandible [image] | EurekAlert! Science News
Excavating Mandible [image] | EurekAlert! Science News (eurekalert.org)
An early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, Zhoukoudian, China | PNAS
An early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, Zhoukoudian, China | PNAS (pnas.org)
The Golden Boys: Whiskey Flower Album Review - Music - The Austin Chronicle
The Golden Boys: Whiskey Flower Album Review - Music - The Austin Chronicle (austinchronicle.com)
Archives - June 8, 2007 Issue - The Austin Chronicle
Archives - June 8, 2007 Issue - The Austin Chronicle (austinchronicle.com)
Christopher Gray Archives - The Austin Chronicle
Christopher Gray Archives - The Austin Chronicle (austinchronicle.com)
Mandible Claw: 07/05/09
Mandible Claw: 07/05/09 (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Mandible Claw: New OPEN Boards
Mandible Claw: New OPEN Boards (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Mandible Claw: 01/22/11
Mandible Claw: 01/22/11 (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Mandible Claw: 08/02/09
Mandible Claw: 08/02/09 (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)
Mandible Claw: 04/29/09
Mandible Claw: 04/29/09 (mandibleclaw.blogspot.com)