Magic
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
Bacteriophage Pf1
Literature, Modern
Telepathy
Nitrogen Isotopes
Copper Sulfate
Carbon Isotopes
Chemical Engineering
Imino Sugars
Single-Domain Antibodies
Lipid Bilayers
Protons
Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
Phosphatidylcholines
Metabolome
Hydroquinones
Phosphorus Isotopes
Spin Labels
Anisotropy
Gelatin
Microwaves
Methacrylates
Choline
Models, Molecular
Materials Testing
Water
Hydrogen
Assessing elemental mercury vapor exposure from cultural and religious practices. (1/32)
Use of elemental mercury in certain cultural and religious practices can cause high exposures to mercury vapor. Uses include sprinkling mercury on the floor of a home or car, burning it in a candle, and mixing it with perfume. Some uses can produce indoor air mercury concentrations one or two orders of magnitude above occupational exposure limits. Exposures resulting from other uses, such as infrequent use of a small bead of mercury, could be well below currently recognized risk levels. Metallic mercury is available at almost all of the 15 botanicas visited in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, but botanica personnel often deny having mercury for sale when approached by outsiders to these religious and cultural traditions. Actions by public health authorities have driven the mercury trade underground in some locations. Interviews indicate that mercury users are aware that mercury is hazardous, but are not aware of the inhalation exposure risk. We argue against a crackdown by health authorities because it could drive the practices further underground, because high-risk practices may be rare, and because uninformed government intervention could have unfortunate political and civic side effects for some Caribbean and Latin American immigrant groups. We recommend an outreach and education program involving religious and community leaders, botanica personnel, and other mercury users. (+info)Frog secretions and hunting magic in the upper Amazon: identification of a peptide that interacts with an adenosine receptor. (2/32)
A frog used for "hunting magic" by several groups of Panoan-speaking Indians in the borderline between Brazil and Peru is identified as Phyllomedusa bicolor. This frog's skin secretion, which the Indians introduce into the body through fresh burns, is rich in peptides. These include vasoactive peptides, opioid peptides, and a peptide that we have named adenoregulin, with the sequence GLWSKIKEVGKEAAKAAAKAAGKAALGAVSEAV as determined from mass spectrometry and Edman degradation. The natural peptide may contain a D amino acid residue, since it is not identical in chromatographic properties to the synthetic peptide. Adenoregulin enhances binding of agonists to A1 adenosine receptors; it is accompanied in the skin secretion by peptides that inhibit binding. The vasoactive peptide sauvagine, the opioid peptides, and adenoregulin and related peptides affect behavior in mice and presumably contribute to the behavioral sequelae observed in humans. (+info)A MRI study of fusiform gyrus in schizotypal personality disorder. (3/32)
The fusiform gyrus is important for face and object recognition, is abnormal in schizophrenia, but has not been studied in schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Thin-slice MR images showed no differences, either in right, left or total fusiform gyri volumes, between subjects with SPD (N=21) and normal controls (N=19). However, there was a correlation between severity of illusions and magical thinking suffered by the SPD subjects and smaller right fusiform gyrus volumes. This suggests that future studies may be useful in determining the functional competence of this gyrus in SPD. (+info)Nonstereotyped responding in positive schizotypy after a single dose of levodopa. (4/32)
Stereotyped behavior and left-sided orientation biases, associated with the dopamine (DA) system, were observed in populations of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We investigated whether heightened DA concentrations influence both side biases and stereotyped responding in a visuo-motor computer task, in which 90, 180, and 270 degrees rotated objects had to be brought into a target position. To account for the role of the schizophrenia spectrum, task performance was also analyzed as a function of healthy participants' high or low magical ideation (MI), a positive schizotypal feature. The first 36 participants (20 women) remained substance free. In a second sample, 20 men received levodopa and 20 men a placebo in a double-blind procedure. Results showed that high MI scorers responded more stereotyped than low MI scorers, without being specifically biased towards the left side. Rotation preferences toward one or the other side made high MI scorers less flexible for objects efficiently to be rotated into the opposite direction. This inflexibility may reflect impaired left hemisphere functioning. Unexpectedly, in the levodopa group, high MI scorers performed superior to low MI scorers. Since DA actions appear to follow an inverted U-shape function, the 'low' performing high MI scorers profited from the enhanced DA availability. Our observation in the levodopa group points to a dissociation between schizotypy and schizophrenia: while cognitive improvement in schizophrenia can occur after treatment with atypical neuroleptic agents, in our positive schizotypal participants a DA agonist resulted in improved task performance. This dissociation may point to protective neurochemical mechanisms preventing healthy schizotypes from developing full-blown psychotic symptoms. (+info)Traditional use of the Andean flicker (Colaptes rupicola) as a galactagogue in the Peruvian Andes. (5/32)
This paper explores the use of the dried meat and feathers of the Andean Flicker (Colaptes rupicola) to increase the milk supply of nursing women and domestic animals in the Andes. The treatment is of preColumbian origin, but continues to be used in some areas, including the village in the southern Peruvian highlands where I do ethnographic research. I explore the factors giving rise to and sustaining the practice, relate it to other galactagogues used in the Andes and to the use of birds in ethnomedical and ethnoveterinary treatments in general, and situate it within the general tendency in the Andes and elsewhere to replicate human relations in the treatment of valuable livestock. The bird's use as a galactagogue appears to be motivated by both metaphorical associations and its perceived efficacy, and conceptually blends human and animal healthcare domains. (+info)Holiday review. Duty of care to the undiagnosed patient: ethical imperative, or just a load of Hogwarts? (6/32)
With the restoration of You-Know-Who to full corporeal form, the practice of the dark arts may lead to multitudes being charmed, befuddled and confounded. At present, muggle ethics dictate that aid may be rendered in a life-or limb-threatening situation, but the margins are blurred when neither is at stake. Muggle and wizard healers, fearful of being labelled ambulance chasers, may shy away from approaching those who remain blissfully unaware of their illnesses. We describe 4 case studies in which we intervened as muggle healers, to salutary effect. The afflicted were healed or helped, without bringing the weight of the Ministries of Magic or Magical Healing upon us. We advocate a spirit of cooperation between muggle and magical folk, mindful of the strengths that the healing arts from each community have to offer. As long as the intent is beneficent, healers or even the wizard or muggle on the street may intervene and render aid to the afflicted. (+info)Assessing insight in schizophrenia: East meets West. (7/32)
BACKGROUND: Lack of insight has been observed in people with schizophrenia across cultures but assessment of insight must take into account prevailing illness models. AIMS: To determine whether culturally specific and Western biomedical interpretations of insight and psychosis can be reconciled. METHOD: Patients with schizophrenia (n=131) were assessed during their first contact with psychiatric services in Vellore, South India. Patients' explanatory models, psychopathology and insight were investigated using a standard schedule translated into Tamil. RESULTS: Supernatural explanations of symptoms were frequent. Some insight dimensions were weakly associated (inversely) with severity of symptoms whereas preserved insight was associated with anxiety, help-seeking and perception of change. Willingness to attribute symptoms to disease, in others and in one's self, but not to supernatural forces was strongly associated with insight. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between insight, awareness of illness and other clinical variables is similar in South India to elsewhere. However, the assessment of insight might have failed to capture locally accepted explanatory frameworks. An inclusive conceptual model which emphasises help-seeking is recommended. (+info)Women healers of the middle ages: selected aspects of their history. (8/32)
The stellar role of women as healers during the Middle Ages has received some attention from medical historians but remains little known or appreciated. In the three centuries preceding the Renaissance, this role was heightened by two roughly parallel developments. The first was the evolution of European universities and their professional schools that, for the most part, systematically excluded women as students, thereby creating a legal male monopoly of the practice of medicine. Ineligible as healers, women waged a lengthy battle to maintain their right to care for the sick and injured. The 1322 case of Jacqueline Felicie, one of many healers charged with illegally practicing medicine, raises serious questions about the motives of male physicians in discrediting these women as incompetent and dangerous. The second development was the campaign--promoted by the church and supported by both clerical and civil authorities--to brand women healers as witches. Perhaps the church perceived these women, with their special, often esoteric, healing skills, as a threat to its supremacy in the lives of its parishioners. The result was the brutal persecution of unknown numbers of mostly peasant women. (+info)I'm sorry for any confusion, but "magic" is not a term that is recognized in medical terminology. It is commonly understood to refer to supernatural or illusory powers or events, which are not relevant to the field of medicine. If you have any questions related to medical conditions, treatments, or terminology, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that provides information about the biochemical composition of tissues, including their metabolic state. It is often used in conjunction with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to analyze various metabolites within body tissues, such as the brain, heart, liver, and muscles.
During MRS, a strong magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer are used to produce detailed images and data about the concentration of specific metabolites in the targeted tissue or organ. This technique can help detect abnormalities related to energy metabolism, neurotransmitter levels, pH balance, and other biochemical processes, which can be useful for diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions, including cancer, neurological disorders, and metabolic diseases.
There are different types of MRS, such as Proton (^1^H) MRS, Phosphorus-31 (^31^P) MRS, and Carbon-13 (^13^C) MRS, each focusing on specific elements or metabolites within the body. The choice of MRS technique depends on the clinical question being addressed and the type of information needed for diagnosis or monitoring purposes.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Biomolecular is a research technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to study the structure and dynamics of biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. This technique measures the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei within these molecules, specifically their spin, which can be influenced by the application of an external magnetic field.
When a sample is placed in a strong magnetic field, the nuclei absorb and emit electromagnetic radiation at specific frequencies, known as resonance frequencies, which are determined by the molecular structure and environment of the nuclei. By analyzing these resonance frequencies and their interactions, researchers can obtain detailed information about the three-dimensional structure, dynamics, and interactions of biomolecules.
NMR spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique that allows for the study of biological molecules in solution, which makes it an important tool for understanding the function and behavior of these molecules in their natural environment. Additionally, NMR can be used to study the effects of drugs, ligands, and other small molecules on biomolecular structure and dynamics, making it a valuable tool in drug discovery and development.
Bacteriophage Pf1 is a type of virus that infects and replicates within the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is a filamentous phage, meaning that it has a long, thread-like structure. The genetic material of Pf1 is double-stranded DNA. This bacteriophage is often used in research as a tool to study various aspects of bacterial and viral biology, including the molecular mechanisms of infection, gene regulation, and protein function. It is also being investigated for its potential use in phage therapy, which involves using bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections.
I'm happy to help! However, it seems there might be a bit of confusion in your question. "Modern" is a term that refers to a period in time, specifically the modern period which is generally considered to be from the late 19th century to the present. "Literature," on the other hand, is a broad term that refers to written works, especially those considered to have artistic or intellectual value.
So, when you ask for a medical definition of "Literature, Modern," it's not entirely clear what you are looking for. If you are asking for examples of modern literature that deal with medical themes or issues, there are many notable works to choose from, including:
* "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks" by Rebecca Skloot, which explores the ethical implications of medical research using human cells without consent.
* "The Hot Zone" by Richard Preston, a thriller about the Ebola virus and its potential to cause a global pandemic.
* "Complications: A Surgeon's Notes on an Imperfect Science" by Atul Gawande, a collection of essays that examine the challenges and uncertainties of medical practice.
* "Brain on Fire: My Month of Madness" by Susannah Cahalan, a memoir about the author's experience with a rare autoimmune disorder that affected her brain.
If you are looking for something else, please let me know and I will do my best to assist you!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but telepathy is not a term that is recognized in medical or scientific terminology. It is commonly defined as the supposed communication of thoughts or ideas by means other than the known senses. This concept is often found in science fiction and paranormal literature, but it is not considered a real phenomenon in medicine, psychology, or neuroscience.
Nitrogen isotopes are different forms of the nitrogen element (N), which have varying numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei. The most common nitrogen isotope is N-14, which contains 7 protons and 7 neutrons in its nucleus. However, there are also heavier stable isotopes such as N-15, which contains one extra neutron.
In medical terms, nitrogen isotopes can be used in research and diagnostic procedures to study various biological processes. For example, N-15 can be used in a technique called "nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy" to investigate the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds in the body. Additionally, stable isotope labeling with nitrogen-15 has been used in clinical trials and research studies to track the fate of drugs and nutrients in the body.
In some cases, radioactive nitrogen isotopes such as N-13 or N-16 may also be used in medical imaging techniques like positron emission tomography (PET) scans to visualize and diagnose various diseases and conditions. However, these applications are less common than the use of stable nitrogen isotopes.
Copper sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuSO₄. It is a common salt of copper and is often found as a blue crystalline powder. Copper sulfate is used in various applications, including as a fungicide, algicide, and in some industrial processes.
In medical terms, copper sulfate has been historically used as an emetic (a substance that causes vomiting) to treat poisoning. However, its use for this purpose is not common in modern medicine due to the availability of safer and more effective emetics. Copper sulfate can be harmful or fatal if swallowed, and it can cause burns and irritation to the skin and eyes. Therefore, it should be handled with care and kept out of reach of children and pets.
Carbon isotopes are variants of the chemical element carbon that have different numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei. The most common and stable isotope of carbon is carbon-12 (^{12}C), which contains six protons and six neutrons. However, carbon can also come in other forms, known as isotopes, which contain different numbers of neutrons.
Carbon-13 (^{13}C) is a stable isotope of carbon that contains seven neutrons in its nucleus. It makes up about 1.1% of all carbon found on Earth and is used in various scientific applications, such as in tracing the metabolic pathways of organisms or in studying the age of fossilized materials.
Carbon-14 (^{14}C), also known as radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon that contains eight neutrons in its nucleus. It is produced naturally in the atmosphere through the interaction of cosmic rays with nitrogen gas. Carbon-14 has a half-life of about 5,730 years, which makes it useful for dating organic materials, such as archaeological artifacts or fossils, up to around 60,000 years old.
Carbon isotopes are important in many scientific fields, including geology, biology, and medicine, and are used in a variety of applications, from studying the Earth's climate history to diagnosing medical conditions.
Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and operation of plants and machinery for the large-scale production or processing of chemicals, fuels, foods, pharmaceuticals, and biologicals, as well as the development of new materials and technologies. It involves the application of principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, and economics to optimize chemical processes that convert raw materials into valuable products. Chemical engineers are also involved in developing and improving environmental protection methods, such as pollution control and waste management. They work in a variety of industries, including pharmaceuticals, energy, food processing, and environmental protection.
Iminosugars are a class of naturally occurring compounds that are structural analogs of simple sugars (monosaccharides), in which the oxygen atom in the furan ring is replaced by a nitrogen atom. This small change in structure gives iminosugars unique biological properties, particularly their ability to inhibit carbohydrate-processing enzymes such as glycosidases and glycosyltransferases.
Iminosugars are found in various plants, animals, and microorganisms, and have been studied for their potential therapeutic applications in a variety of diseases, including diabetes, viral infections, and cancer. Some iminosugars have been shown to act as potent inhibitors of glycosidases involved in the replication of certain viruses, such as HIV and hepatitis C virus, making them promising candidates for antiviral therapy.
In addition, iminosugars have been investigated for their potential to modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation, which has led to interest in their use as therapeutic agents for autoimmune diseases and other inflammatory conditions. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and safety profiles of iminosugars before they can be widely used in clinical settings.
Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), also known as nanobodies or VHHs, are antigen-binding fragments derived from the heavy-chain only antibodies found in camelids (camels, llamas, and alpacas) and some shark species. These unique antibodies lack light chains and consist of a single variable domain (VHH) that can bind to specific antigens with high affinity and stability. The small size (12-15 kDa), robustness, and solubility make sdAbs attractive for various biotechnological and therapeutic applications, including diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and protein engineering.
A lipid bilayer is a thin membrane made up of two layers of lipid molecules, primarily phospholipids. The hydrophilic (water-loving) heads of the lipids face outwards, coming into contact with watery environments on both sides, while the hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails point inward, away from the aqueous surroundings. This unique structure allows lipid bilayers to form a stable barrier that controls the movement of molecules and ions in and out of cells and organelles, thus playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular compartmentalization and homeostasis.
In the context of medicine, particularly in relation to cancer treatment, protons refer to positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Proton therapy, a type of radiation therapy, uses a beam of protons to target and destroy cancer cells with high precision, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The concentrated dose of radiation is delivered directly to the tumor site, reducing side effects and improving quality of life during treatment.
Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) is a type of phospholipid molecule that is commonly found in animal cell membranes. It is composed of two myristoyl fatty acid chains, a phosphate group, and a choline headgroup. DMPC has a gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition temperature of around 23-25°C, which makes it a useful compound for studying the physical properties of lipid membranes and for creating model membrane systems in laboratory experiments.
Phosphatidylcholines (PtdCho) are a type of phospholipids that are essential components of cell membranes in living organisms. They are composed of a hydrophilic head group, which contains a choline moiety, and two hydrophobic fatty acid chains. Phosphatidylcholines are crucial for maintaining the structural integrity and function of cell membranes, and they also serve as important precursors for the synthesis of signaling molecules such as acetylcholine. They can be found in various tissues and biological fluids, including blood, and are abundant in foods such as soybeans, eggs, and meat. Phosphatidylcholines have been studied for their potential health benefits, including their role in maintaining healthy lipid metabolism and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
The metabolome is the complete set of small molecule metabolites, such as carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and amino acids, present in a biological sample at a given moment. It reflects the physiological state of a cell, tissue, or organism and provides information about the biochemical processes that are taking place. The metabolome is dynamic and constantly changing due to various factors such as genetics, environment, diet, and disease. Studying the metabolome can help researchers understand the underlying mechanisms of health and disease and develop diagnostic tools and treatments for various medical conditions.
Hydroquinones are a type of chemical compound that belong to the group of phenols. In a medical context, hydroquinones are often used as topical agents for skin lightening and the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma, age spots, and freckles. They work by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase, which is necessary for the production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color.
It's important to note that hydroquinones can have side effects, including skin irritation, redness, and contact dermatitis. Prolonged use or high concentrations may also cause ochronosis, a condition characterized by blue-black discoloration of the skin. Therefore, they should be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider and for limited periods of time.
Phosphorus isotopes are different forms of the element phosphorus that have different numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei, while the number of protons remains the same. The most common and stable isotope of phosphorus is 31P, which contains 15 protons and 16 neutrons. However, there are also several other isotopes of phosphorus that exist, including 32P and 33P, which are radioactive and have 15 protons and 17 or 18 neutrons, respectively. These radioactive isotopes are often used in medical research and treatment, such as in the form of radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose and treat various diseases.
"Spin labels" are a term used in the field of magnetic resonance, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). They refer to molecules or atoms that have been chemically attached to a system of interest and possess a stable, unpaired electron. This unpaired electron behaves like a tiny magnet and can be manipulated using magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses in EPR experiments. The resulting changes in the electron's spin state can provide information about the local environment, dynamics, and structure of the system to which it is attached. Spin labels are often used in biochemistry and materials science to study complex biological systems or materials at the molecular level.
Anisotropy is a medical term that refers to the property of being directionally dependent, meaning that its properties or characteristics vary depending on the direction in which they are measured. In the context of medicine and biology, anisotropy can refer to various biological structures, tissues, or materials that exhibit different physical or chemical properties along different axes.
For example, certain types of collagen fibers in tendons and ligaments exhibit anisotropic behavior because they are stronger and stiffer when loaded along their long axis compared to being loaded perpendicular to it. Similarly, some brain tissues may show anisotropy due to the presence of nerve fibers that are organized in specific directions, leading to differences in electrical conductivity or diffusion properties depending on the orientation of the measurement.
Anisotropy is an important concept in various medical fields, including radiology, neurology, and materials science, as it can provide valuable information about the structure and function of biological tissues and help guide diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
Gelatin is not strictly a medical term, but it is often used in medical contexts. Medically, gelatin is recognized as a protein-rich substance that is derived from collagen, which is found in the skin, bones, and connective tissue of animals. It is commonly used in the production of various medical and pharmaceutical products such as capsules, wound dressings, and drug delivery systems due to its biocompatibility and ability to form gels.
In a broader sense, gelatin is a translucent, colorless, flavorless food ingredient that is derived from collagen through a process called hydrolysis. It is widely used in the food industry as a gelling agent, thickener, stabilizer, and texturizer in various foods such as candies, desserts, marshmallows, and yogurts.
It's worth noting that while gelatin has many uses, it may not be suitable for vegetarians or those with dietary restrictions since it is derived from animal products.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "microwaves" is not a term typically used in medical definitions. Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from one meter to one millimeter; they are commonly used in communication devices and home appliances such as microwave ovens. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, please provide more context so I can give you a more accurate response.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "magnetics" is not a term that is commonly used in medical definitions. It is a term more frequently used in physics and engineering to refer to things related to magnets or magnetic fields. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to try to help with those!
Methacrylates are a group of chemical compounds that contain the methacrylate functional group, which is a vinyl group (CH2=CH-) with a carbonyl group (C=O) at the β-position. This structure gives them unique chemical and physical properties, such as low viscosity, high reactivity, and resistance to heat and chemicals.
In medical terms, methacrylates are used in various biomedical applications, such as dental restorative materials, bone cements, and drug delivery systems. For example, methacrylate-based resins are commonly used in dentistry for fillings, crowns, and bridges due to their excellent mechanical properties and adhesion to tooth structures.
However, there have been concerns about the potential toxicity of methacrylates, particularly their ability to release monomers that can cause allergic reactions, irritation, or even mutagenic effects in some individuals. Therefore, it is essential to use these materials with caution and follow proper handling and safety protocols.
Choline is an essential nutrient that is vital for the normal functioning of all cells, particularly those in the brain and liver. It is a water-soluble compound that is neither a vitamin nor a mineral, but is often grouped with vitamins because it has many similar functions. Choline is a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which plays an important role in memory, mood, and other cognitive processes. It also helps to maintain the structural integrity of cell membranes and is involved in the transport and metabolism of fats.
Choline can be synthesized by the body in small amounts, but it is also found in a variety of foods such as eggs, meat, fish, nuts, and cruciferous vegetables. Some people may require additional choline through supplementation, particularly if they follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or have certain medical conditions that affect choline metabolism.
Deficiency in choline can lead to a variety of health problems, including liver disease, muscle damage, and neurological disorders. On the other hand, excessive intake of choline can cause fishy body odor, sweating, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. It is important to maintain adequate levels of choline through a balanced diet and, if necessary, supplementation under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
A phase transition in the context of medicine and physiology often refers to the transformation of a substance or matter from one state to another within the body, typically in relation to temperature or pressure changes. However, I couldn't find a widely accepted medical definition for "phase transition."
In physics and chemistry, a phase transition is a process where a thermodynamic system changes from one phase or state of matter to another, such as:
1. Solid to liquid (melting)
2. Liquid to gas (vaporization)
3. Gas to liquid (condensation)
4. Solid to gas (sublimation)
5. Changes between different crystalline structures of the same substance (polymorphic phase transitions)
While not a direct medical definition, these concepts are relevant in various biochemical and physiological processes, such as protein folding, cell membrane fluidity, and temperature regulation in the body.
Molecular models are three-dimensional representations of molecular structures that are used in the field of molecular biology and chemistry to visualize and understand the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds within a molecule. These models can be physical or computer-generated and allow researchers to study the shape, size, and behavior of molecules, which is crucial for understanding their function and interactions with other molecules.
Physical molecular models are often made up of balls (representing atoms) connected by rods or sticks (representing bonds). These models can be constructed manually using materials such as plastic or wooden balls and rods, or they can be created using 3D printing technology.
Computer-generated molecular models, on the other hand, are created using specialized software that allows researchers to visualize and manipulate molecular structures in three dimensions. These models can be used to simulate molecular interactions, predict molecular behavior, and design new drugs or chemicals with specific properties. Overall, molecular models play a critical role in advancing our understanding of molecular structures and their functions.
I'm happy to help! However, I must clarify that "materials testing" is not a medical term per se. It is a term used in various fields, including engineering and materials science, to describe the process of subjecting materials to different tests to evaluate their properties and performance under various conditions.
In the context of medical devices or implants, materials testing may refer to the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of materials used in their construction. These tests can include assessments of strength, durability, biocompatibility, and other factors that are critical to ensuring the safety and efficacy of medical devices.
Medical device manufacturers must comply with regulatory standards for materials testing to ensure that their products meet specific requirements for performance, safety, and quality. These standards may vary depending on the type of device, its intended use, and the country or region in which it will be marketed and sold.
Phosphorylcholine is not a medical condition or disease, but rather a chemical compound. It is the choline ester of phosphoric acid, and it plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Phosphorylcholine is also found in certain types of lipoproteins, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or "bad" cholesterol.
In the context of medical research and therapy, phosphorylcholine has been studied for its potential role in various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and other inflammatory conditions. Some studies have suggested that phosphorylcholine may contribute to the development of these diseases by promoting inflammation and immune responses. However, more research is needed to fully understand the role of phosphorylcholine in human health and disease.
Medical definitions of water generally describe it as a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for all forms of life. It is a universal solvent, making it an excellent medium for transporting nutrients and waste products within the body. Water constitutes about 50-70% of an individual's body weight, depending on factors such as age, sex, and muscle mass.
In medical terms, water has several important functions in the human body:
1. Regulation of body temperature through perspiration and respiration.
2. Acting as a lubricant for joints and tissues.
3. Facilitating digestion by helping to break down food particles.
4. Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
5. Helping to maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes.
6. Assisting in the regulation of various bodily functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.
Dehydration can occur when an individual does not consume enough water or loses too much fluid due to illness, exercise, or other factors. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Severe dehydration can be life-threatening if left untreated.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hydrogen" is not a medical term. It is a chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe, making up about 75% of its elemental mass.
In a medical context, hydrogen can be discussed in terms of molecular hydrogen (H2) which has been studied for potential therapeutic benefits. Some research explores its use as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, but more studies are needed to confirm these effects and understand the mechanisms behind them.
Magic
Magic!
Magic Grove
Zambezi Magic
Magic chord
Catabolic Magic
Magic (cryptography)
Light & Magic
Magic Brush
Magic truffle
Merge Magic
Magic Mart
Magic Works
Magic Management
Matero Magic
Lamen (magic)
Hard Magic
Magic Quadrant
Magic 104
No Magic
Music Magic
Magic Weisner
Magic Dick
Piano Magic
Gray magic
Magic Records
Street magic
Sample Magic
Magic Town
Magic Sweat
Magic Keyboard US English - Apple
Magic circle (virtual worlds) - Wikipedia
Pistons top depleted Magic
Medieval Magic | Encyclopedia.com
PHP: Magic Methods - Manual
Orlando Magic | NBA.com
Magic Poser-princemodapk.com
Magic Disc Golf on Steam
FF DATA MAGIC BULLET ANTENNA
Magic Mouse 2 on MacRumors
Magic Supplies - Magic
Ignas Brazdeikis | Orlando Magic | NBA.com
25 SECRETS OF THE MAGIC KINGDOM
Just-Like-Magic.org
Magic-24 Shop | Redbubble
Magic Carpet (1994) - MobyGames
Magic Slideshow<...
Magic Leap - IEEE Spectrum
What your brain looks like on magic mushrooms
Partition Magic 9.0 Full - Download - 4shared
Show Me That Emerging Technology Magic
Magic - Wikipedia
Magic Lessons | BookCrossing.com
Smashwords - Mixing Up Magic
Google Photos Magic - AVC
Sex Magic
Like Magic
Black Magic
20222
- 2022 Magic Media Day: Wendell Carter Jr. (nba.com)
- Oracle is a Leader in the 2022 Gartner ® Magic Quadrant ™ for Financial Planning Software. (oracle.com)
Military Magic or Nature's Fool1
- Title : Military Magic or Nature's Fool Personal Author(s) : Potter, Polyxeni Published Date : Apr 2012 Source : Emerg Infect Dis. (cdc.gov)
Orlando Magic4
- Orlando Magic All Access: Strike! (nba.com)
- Just click the team link below to find Philadelphia 76ers Orlando Magic ticket information. (ballparks.com)
- TicketTriangle.com is a top source for Philadelphia 76ers Orlando Magic basketball tickets on the Internet! (ballparks.com)
- You can order your Philadelphia 76ers vs. Orlando Magic tickets through the TicketTriangle website 24 hours a day 7 days a week. (ballparks.com)
Trackpad7
- Apple Magic Keyboard, Magic Mouse 2, Magic Trackpad 2. (apple.com)
- All three AirPods models and Mac accessories like the Magic Keyboard and Magic Trackpad are likely to transition to USB-C by 2024, according to Bloomberg's Mark Gurman. (macrumors.com)
- Apple this week stopped selling its Magic Keyboard with Numeric Keypad, Magic Mouse 2, and Magic Trackpad 2 accessories for the Mac in a Space Gray color, around three months after discontinuing the iMac Pro, which also came in Space Gray. (macrumors.com)
- Apple has confirmed the Magic Keyboard, Magic Mouse 2, and Magic Trackpad 2 in Space Gray are "available only at the time of your iMac Pro purchase. (macrumors.com)
- iFixit has published detailed teardowns of the new Magic Keyboard, Magic Mouse 2 and Magic Trackpad 2, providing a closer look at the internal design and several matching components inside the trio of accessories. (macrumors.com)
- Apple introduced a trio of new keyboard and mouse accessories in the Magic Mouse 2, Magic Keyboard and Magic Trackpad 2 this week, and the first hands-on unboxing videos of the new products are now available. (macrumors.com)
- Apple has updated its website with a wealth of new information following its announcement of new 4K and 5K iMacs and a new Magic Keyboard, Magic Mouse 2 and Magic Trackpad 2. (macrumors.com)
QUADRANT1
- GARTNER is a registered trademark and service mark of Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and internationally, MAGIC QUADRANT and PEER INSIGHTS are registered trademarks of Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates and are used herein with permission. (oracle.com)
20193
- We got our hands on the Red Magic Mars at CES 2019 and loved its high specs and gaming features, especially at less than half the retail price of costly flagships like the Razer Phone 2 and Asus ROG Phone . (techradar.com)
- Unfortunately, we still don't know how much the phone will cost, so it's unclear if the new phone will be as good of value as the Red Magic Mars - but either way, it's shaping up to be a strong gaming phone for 2019. (techradar.com)
- In April 2019, Zambezi Magic moved to DStv channel 162 and was also launched on the E36 satellite to make the channel available to a broader Southern African viewers. (wikipedia.org)
Mushrooms9
- It might look the uninspired doodlings from a Spirograph session but, this is how connections in the brain look when it is intoxicated with magic mushrooms. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Researchers analysed MRI scans of 15 people who were injected with psilocybin, the active ingredient in magic mushrooms, and compared them to scans of their normal brain activity. (telegraph.co.uk)
- When brains are functioning without stimulation there is little cross-linking between networks, however when neural networks are under the influence of magic mushrooms, it appears that a new type of order emerges. (telegraph.co.uk)
- It could explain why people who are high on magic mushrooms or other powerful psychedelic drugs, experiences intense experiences of colour, sound and taste. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Psilocybin is the active ingredient in ''magic mushrooms'', and classified as an illegal Class A drug in the UK. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Recent studies have suggested that magic mushrooms could be used to treat depression. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Prof David Nutt, of Imperial College London, claims that a dose of the key psychedelic ingredient in the fungi, equivalent to five magic mushrooms, can switch off parts of the brain involved in depression. (telegraph.co.uk)
- The new graphic suggests that magic mushrooms may help depression by rewiring certain parts of the brain, or making new positive connections. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in "magic mushrooms," is a promising intervention for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and appears to offer a rapid, sustained effect, new research shows. (medscape.com)
Spells6
- Magic Carpet is a first-person perspective game, in which you are a mage who flies on a, well, magic carpet and casts spells. (mobygames.com)
- The magic spells you cast (essentially your weapons) are varied and very fun to use, from the simple fireball to the frenzied lightning strikes to the army of undead skeleton archers to the awesome earthquake, meteor, creator and volcano spells. (mobygames.com)
- Are you searching for black magic love spells? (outlookindia.com)
- Welcome To Our Guide On "Black Magic" - Exploring Its Origins, Spells, And Removal. (outlookindia.com)
- Spells casting magic binding spells work, get your ex back, love me, return to me. (outlookindia.com)
- Players can use resources or gold to upgrade magic skills, which makes spells more powerful and unlock new ones in the store. (engadget.com)
Trick1
- Stop buying every new trick to hit the magic shop and invest in the right props and skills to become a better magician. (bellaonline.com)
Search1
- Any of that magic going to tag and search?Still a grind to find the photos we know we've taken for a certain situation-like today-wanted to share a few on Vienna and don't have the bandwidth to search them out manually. (avc.com)
Bullet2
- Bariatric Surgery a 'Magic Bullet' for Diabetes? (medscape.com)
- There is rarely a magic bullet. (cdc.gov)
Carpet10
- What about Magic Carpet? (mobygames.com)
- At first glance Magic Carpet appears to be a Doom clone. (mobygames.com)
- As the name implies, you fly around on a magic carpet, which you control using the now common mouse/keyboard combo. (mobygames.com)
- Bring your little ones for a fun session on the Magic Carpet exploring maths in motion. (nms.ac.uk)
- Due to the interactive nature of Magic Carpet there is a maximum ratio of 2 children to 1 adult. (nms.ac.uk)
- We want to keep the Magic Carpet a comfortable and safe space for all so please remove your shoes before you sit down. (nms.ac.uk)
- Adults are usually seated with their child on the Magic Carpet so they can play together but if you require additional seating for health or comfort reasons please let us know. (nms.ac.uk)
- We kindly ask that no other snacks are consumed on the Magic Carpet. (nms.ac.uk)
- Our staff may choose to wear a facemask while delivering Magic Carpet and we encourage you to do what makes you most comfortable. (nms.ac.uk)
- We are happy for you to take photos of you and your child on the Magic Carpet (and share with #magiccarpet) but please be respectful and not include other children. (nms.ac.uk)
Formula2
Keyboard3
- And it supports the Magic Keyboard Folio. (apple.com)
- The new iPad Air has an all-screen design, 10.9″ display, M1 chip, Center Stage, works with Apple Pencil and Magic Keyboard, and comes in five colors. (apple.com)
- Apple sells the Magic Keyboard, Magic. (macrumors.com)
Spell1
- Want to see the powerful black magic spell to make someone love you and get attract towards you that never harm anyone but attract or deepen love, improve relationships, or make. (outlookindia.com)
Title2
- Magica (disambiguation) Magical (disambiguation) Magician (disambiguation) Magik (disambiguation) Magique (disambiguation) It's Magic (disambiguation) All pages with titles beginning with Magic All pages with titles containing Magic Superstition (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Magic. (wikipedia.org)
- for when they cannot come under a wicked art yet they presume they may be able to cloak themselves under that venerable title of Magic. (sacred-texts.com)
Greatly1
- The Alexandrian system of successive emanations from the eternal substance evolved a complex hierarchy of angels, all of whom appear to have been at the bidding of the magician who was in possession of the Incommunicable Name, a concept deriving from that of the "Name of Power" so greatly used in Egyptian magic. (encyclopedia.com)
Artificial2
- In games and digital media , the " magic circle " is the space in which the normal rules and reality of the world are suspended and replaced by the artificial reality of a game world . (wikipedia.org)
- To accomplish this magic, the ordinary faculties were almost invariably heightened by artificial means. (encyclopedia.com)
Black Magic10
- In Maharashtra's Palghar district, police have registered a case against two persons, including a housewife, for allegedly planning to terminate the pregnancy of a woman using black magic. (outlookindia.com)
- Are you searching for the best black magic specialist in bangalore? (outlookindia.com)
- With +917222805786, you can get access to the most experienced black magic specialist in the city. (outlookindia.com)
- Get reliable black magic solutions for. (outlookindia.com)
- Are you looking for a powerful and reliable black magic specialist in ahmedabad? (outlookindia.com)
- 917222805786 is the best black magic specialist astrologer in ahmedabad offering specialized services in black magic. (outlookindia.com)
- What Is Black Magic? (outlookindia.com)
- How To Remove Black Magic? (outlookindia.com)
- Black magic has a rich and diverse history that spans across cultures and civilizations. (outlookindia.com)
- World Famous Powerful Black Magic Expert In India & Astrologer Arjun Pandit Ji Black Magic or Vashikaran Specialist. (outlookindia.com)
Arena1
- Magic: The Gathering Arena is a free-to-play, authentic Magic: The Gathering experience, with all the depth, rules, and choices fans love, plus the striking and easy-to-understand visuals that make spectating online exciting. (ign.com)
Rechargeable2
- While the Magic Mouse has been around for quite some time, Apple recently updated the accessory with an integrated rechargeable battery and other changes, so some MacRumors readers deciding to give the device a try may be new to it. (macrumors.com)
- The teardown experts first pried through the Magic Keyboard's adhesive to uncover its logic board, rechargeable 793 mAh lithium-ion battery, Lightning connector cable and. (macrumors.com)
Products1
- This module was designed for a large volume of images (twenty five), coming with six beautiful effects and with quality of Magic Point products. (joomla.org)
Magical1
- As the silver celebration continues, we now present, in honor of Walt Disney World's 25th anniversary, 25 magical secrets of the Magic Kingdom plus a surprise quiz question. (chicagotribune.com)
Point1
- The "magic circle" is not a particularly prominent phrase in Homo Ludens, and although Huizinga certainly advocates the idea that games can be understood as separate from everyday life, he never takes the full-blown magic circle point of view that games are ultimately separate from everything else in life or that rules are the sole fundamental unit of games. (wikipedia.org)
Book1
- More exalted intelligences were conjured by rites to be found in the ancient book known as the "Key of Solomon the King," and perhaps the most satisfactory collection of formulae for the invocation of the higher angels is that included in the anonymous Theo-sophia Pneumatica, published at Frankfurt in 1686, which bears a strong family resemblance to the Treatise on Magic by Arbatel. (encyclopedia.com)
Great5
- White magic to a great extent concerned itself with the evocation of angelic forces and the spirits of the elements. (encyclopedia.com)
- To present a great magic show, you must have a great sound system. (bellaonline.com)
- CDC OneLab Summit Event: Is it magic or simply a great biosafety plan? (cdc.gov)
- Is it Magic or Simply a Great Biosafety Plan? (cdc.gov)
- This session will detail the components and show the magic of a great biosafety plan. (cdc.gov)
Contemporary2
- [2] Instead of being impenetrable, however, an examination of contemporary virtual worlds reveals that the magic circle is actually quite porous. (wikipedia.org)
- The Magic Kingdom and the Contemporary, Polynesian and Grand Floridian Beach resorts are located on the shores of the Seven Seas Lagoon. (chicagotribune.com)
People2
- Vashikaran is one of the oldest magic practices that help people with their specific needs. (outlookindia.com)
- Through divination and magic, people were thought to be able to influence their lives for the better. (lu.se)
Games1
- Of course, you're looking at the Red Magic 3 to play games. (techradar.com)
Shop1
- Also down there is the Magic Kingdom's operations headquarters, including costume shop, makeup area, lockers, offices, cafeteria, maintenance systems and computer central, which runs all of the attractions in the park. (chicagotribune.com)
Mouse1
- If you're coming from a more traditional mouse, you should know there's a lot the Magic Mouse can do that might not be obvious. (macrumors.com)
Game5
- Huizinga's "magic circle" is not a new synonym for "game," but he conceived of a magic circle, like many other cultural activities, as having game-like characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
- In a very basic sense, the magic circle of a game is where the game takes place. (wikipedia.org)
- Auburn Hills, MI - Reigning Defensive Player of the Year Dwight Howard missed his second straight game and Greg Monroe took full advantage, scoring 22 points and grabbing 11 rebounds to lift the Pistons to a 102-95 victory over the Magic at the Palace of Auburn Hills on Tuesday. (foxnews.com)
- Hedo Turkoglu netted 16 points, but the Magic fell for the fourth straight game. (foxnews.com)
- We can help provide premium 76ers Magic playoff tickets or any other basketball game as well as other major events throughout the country. (ballparks.com)
Find2
- Find all your magic needs here. (bellaonline.com)
- We put you into quality seats and you can find 76ers Magic tickets of your choice. (ballparks.com)
Lists1
- One of the largest lists of magic dealers anywhere. (bellaonline.com)
Full2
- Partition Magic 9.0 Full - download at 4shared. (4shared.com)
- Partition Magic 9.0 Full is hosted at free file sharing service 4shared. (4shared.com)
Call1
- My favorite feature is what I call "magic" but they call it something else. (avc.com)
Event1
- A fascinating perspective on 'The New Economy' emerges as the authors explore the worlds of coolhunters, biotech brokers, career coaches, software entrepreneurs and event managers and tackle such questions as: How is magic used in the quest for newness and change? (lu.se)
Kingdom5
- It's also no secret that throughout the anniversary celebration, special honors are being bestowed upon return guests, those who have visited the Vacation Kingdom before and have gone back to "Remember the Magic. (chicagotribune.com)
- Thus, the utilidors were erected on the ground and the Magic Kingdom was built on top of them. (chicagotribune.com)
- The Magic Kingdom was then built onto the newly laid groundwork. (chicagotribune.com)
- All Magic Kingdom cast members must use the utilidor system to move around the park instead of walking from land-to-land above ground where guests would see them, destroying the illusion of the themed areas. (chicagotribune.com)
- 5. Ever wonder why you never see a garbage truck near the Magic Kingdom? (chicagotribune.com)
Made2
- Magic Grove consists of three brightly painted trees made of salvaged metal, a brick walkway and artist-designed benches. (wikipedia.org)
- UNICEF is investing in Magic Box, a collaborative platform that is made possible through the contributions of private sector partners such as Telefonica, Google, IBM, Amadeus and Red Hat which share their data and expertise for public good. (who.int)
Work1
- Magic Grove is a public art work by artist Nancy Metz White. (wikipedia.org)
General1
- Zambezi Magic is a 24-hour African general entertainment channel created by Multichoice for DStv. (wikipedia.org)
Elements1
- To address this, we developed a paradigm using elements of performance magic to emulate future neurotechnologies. (lu.se)
Term3
- The term magic circle has been attributed to Dutch historian Johan Huizinga (1872-1945). (wikipedia.org)
- The term Magic Circle was coined by Eric Zimmerman and Frank Lantz in 1999 and popularized by Eric Zimmerman and Katie Salen in 2003. (wikipedia.org)
- The term "red" magic was also occasionally employed, as indicating a more exalted type of the art, but the designation is fanciful. (encyclopedia.com)