Povidone
Substance P
Macromolecular Substances
Receptors, Neurokinin-1
A class of cell surface receptors for TACHYKININS with a preference for SUBSTANCE P. Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors have been cloned and are members of the G protein coupled receptor superfamily. They are found on many cell types including central and peripheral neurons, smooth muscle cells, acinar cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells.
Molecular chaperones: small heat shock proteins in the limelight. (1/19184)
Small heat shock proteins have been the Cinderellas of the molecular chaperone world, but now the crystal structure of a small heat shock protein has been solved and mutation of two human homologues implicated in genetic disease. Intermediate filaments appear to be one of the key targets of their chaperone activity. (+info)Association of snRNA genes with coiled bodies is mediated by nascent snRNA transcripts. (2/19184)
BACKGROUND: Coiled bodies are nuclear organelles that are highly enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and certain basal transcription factors. Surprisingly, coiled bodies not only contain mature U snRNPs but also associate with specific chromosomal loci, including gene clusters that encode U snRNAs and histone messenger RNAs. The mechanism(s) by which coiled bodies associate with these genes is completely unknown. RESULTS: Using stable cell lines, we show that artificial tandem arrays of human U1 and U2 snRNA genes colocalize with coiled bodies and that the frequency of the colocalization depends directly on the transcriptional activity of the array. Association of the genes with coiled bodies was abolished when the artificial U2 arrays contained promoter mutations that prevent transcription or when RNA polymerase II transcription was globally inhibited by alpha-amanitin. Remarkably, the association was also abolished when the U2 snRNA coding regions were replaced by heterologous sequences. CONCLUSIONS: The requirement for the U2 snRNA coding region indicates that association of snRNA genes with coiled bodies is mediated by the nascent U2 RNA itself, not by DNA or DNA-bound proteins. Our data provide the first evidence that association of genes with a nuclear organelle can be directed by an RNA and suggest an autogenous feedback regulation model. (+info)Vac1p coordinates Rab and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in Vps45p-dependent vesicle docking/fusion at the endosome. (3/19184)
The vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediates transport of vacuolar protein precursors from the late Golgi to the lysosome-like vacuole. Sorting of some vacuolar proteins occurs via a prevacuolar endosomal compartment and mutations in a subset of VPS genes (the class D VPS genes) interfere with the Golgi-to-endosome transport step. Several of the encoded proteins, including Pep12p/Vps6p (an endosomal target (t) SNARE) and Vps45p (a Sec1p homologue), bind each other directly [1]. Another of these proteins, Vac1p/Pep7p/Vps19p, associates with Pep12p and binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P), the product of the Vps34 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) [1] [2]. Here, we demonstrate that Vac1p genetically and physically interacts with the activated, GTP-bound form of Vps21p, a Rab GTPase that functions in Golgi-to-endosome transport, and with Vps45p. These results implicate Vac1p as an effector of Vps21p and as a novel Sec1p-family-binding protein. We suggest that Vac1p functions as a multivalent adaptor protein that ensures the high fidelity of vesicle docking and fusion by integrating both phosphoinositide (Vps34p) and GTPase (Vps21p) signals, which are essential for Pep12p- and Vps45p-dependent targeting of Golgi-derived vesicles to the prevacuolar endosome. (+info)Four dimers of lambda repressor bound to two suitably spaced pairs of lambda operators form octamers and DNA loops over large distances. (4/19184)
Transcription factors that are bound specifically to DNA often interact with each other over thousands of base pairs [1] [2]. Large DNA loops resulting from such interactions have been observed in Escherichia coli with the transcription factors deoR [3] and NtrC [4], but such interactions are not, as yet, well understood. We propose that unique protein complexes, that are not present in solution, may form specifically on DNA. Their uniqueness would make it possible for them to interact tightly and specifically with each other. We used the repressor and operators of coliphage lambda to construct a model system in which to test our proposition. lambda repressor is a dimer at physiological concentrations, but forms tetramers and octamers at a hundredfold higher concentration. We predict that two lambda repressor dimers form a tetramer in vitro when bound to two lambda operators spaced 24 bp apart and that two such tetramers interact to form an octamer. We examined, in vitro, relaxed circular plasmid DNA in which such operator pairs were separated by 2,850 bp and 2,470 bp. Of these molecules, 29% formed loops as seen by electron microscopy (EM). The loop increased the tightness of binding of lambda repressor to lambda operator. Consequently, repression of the lambda PR promoter in vivo was increased fourfold by the presence of a second pair of lambda operators, separated by a distance of 3,600 bp. (+info)Stable remodeling of tailless nucleosomes by the human SWI-SNF complex. (5/19184)
The histone N-terminal tails have been shown previously to be important for chromatin assembly, remodeling, and stability. We have tested the ability of human SWI-SNF (hSWI-SNF) to remodel nucleosomes whose tails have been cleaved through a limited trypsin digestion. We show that hSWI-SNF is able to remodel tailless mononucleosomes and nucleosomal arrays, although hSWI-SNF remodeling of tailless nucleosomes is less effective than remodeling of nucleosomes with tails. Analogous to previous observations with tailed nucleosomal templates, we show both (i) that hSWI-SNF-remodeled trypsinized mononucleosomes and arrays are stable for 30 min in the remodeled conformation after removal of ATP and (ii) that the remodeled tailless mononucleosome can be isolated on a nondenaturing acrylamide gel as a novel species. Thus, nucleosome remodeling by hSWI-SNF can occur via interactions with a tailless nucleosome core. (+info)Crystal structures of two H-2Db/glycopeptide complexes suggest a molecular basis for CTL cross-reactivity. (6/19184)
Two synthetic O-GlcNAc-bearing peptides that elicit H-2Db-restricted glycopeptide-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) have been shown to display nonreciprocal patterns of cross-reactivity. Here, we present the crystal structures of the H-2Db glycopeptide complexes to 2.85 A resolution or better. In both cases, the glycan is solvent exposed and available for direct recognition by the T cell receptor (TCR). We have modeled the complex formed between the MHC-glycopeptide complexes and their respective TCRs, showing that a single saccharide residue can be accommodated in the standard TCR-MHC geometry. The models also reveal a possible molecular basis for the observed cross-reactivity patterns of the CTL clones, which appear to be influenced by the length of the CDR3 loop and the nature of the immunizing ligand. (+info)Structural basis of Rab effector specificity: crystal structure of the small G protein Rab3A complexed with the effector domain of rabphilin-3A. (7/19184)
The small G protein Rab3A plays an important role in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. The crystal structure of activated Rab3A/GTP/Mg2+ bound to the effector domain of rabphilin-3A was solved to 2.6 A resolution. Rabphilin-3A contacts Rab3A in two distinct areas. The first interface involves the Rab3A switch I and switch II regions, which are sensitive to the nucleotide-binding state of Rab3A. The second interface consists of a deep pocket in Rab3A that interacts with a SGAWFF structural element of rabphilin-3A. Sequence and structure analysis, and biochemical data suggest that this pocket, or Rab complementarity-determining region (RabCDR), establishes a specific interaction between each Rab protein and its effectors. RabCDRs could be major determinants of effector specificity during vesicle trafficking and fusion. (+info)Crystal structures of two Sm protein complexes and their implications for the assembly of the spliceosomal snRNPs. (8/19184)
The U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) involved in pre-mRNA splicing contain seven Sm proteins (B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F, and G) in common, which assemble around the Sm site present in four of the major spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). These proteins share a common sequence motif in two segments, Sm1 and Sm2, separated by a short variable linker. Crystal structures of two Sm protein complexes, D3B and D1D2, show that these proteins have a common fold containing an N-terminal helix followed by a strongly bent five-stranded antiparallel beta sheet, and the D1D2 and D3B dimers superpose closely in their core regions, including the dimer interfaces. The crystal structures suggest that the seven Sm proteins could form a closed ring and the snRNAs may be bound in the positively charged central hole. (+info)
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List of types of proteins
... and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites ... "Catalysis of the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of the membrane to the other." " ... Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." "Catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant ... Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is ...
Humin
... s are carbon-based macromolecular substances, that can be found in soil chemistry or as a by-product from saccharide-based ... Due to their very complex molecular structure, humic substances, including humin, do not correspond to pure substances but ... 2010-02-01). "Humin-like substances formed under the conditions of industrial hydrolysis of wood". Russian Journal of Applied ... Humins are not considered to be a dangerous substance according to officially recognized hazardous material classification ...
Covalent bond
Such covalent substances are usually gases, for example, HCl, SO2, CO2, and CH4. In molecular structures, there are weak forces ... Macromolecular structures have large numbers of atoms linked by covalent bonds in chains, including synthetic polymers such as ... Such covalent substances are low-boiling-temperature liquids (such as ethanol), and low-melting-temperature solids (such as ... There are several types of structures for covalent substances, including individual molecules, molecular structures, ...
Alexander Kovarski
... conducted extensive research of the regularities of the dynamics of low-molecular weight additives in macromolecular substances ... Kovarski new methods for the research of magnetic nanoparticles aggregation in dispersions and macromolecular adsorption on ...
List of MeSH codes
... macromolecular substances D06 - hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists D07 - none (enzymes and coenzymes) D08 ...
French Group for the Study of Polymers and their Application
The statutes of the GFP set out the following goals: the advancement and dissemination of studies on macromolecular substances ...
Enzyme inhibitor
... s are a chemically diverse set of substances that range in size from organic small molecules to macromolecular ... These natural toxins include some of the most poisonous substances known. Artificial inhibitors are often used as drugs, but ... "Approaches to the description and prediction of the binding affinity of small-molecule ligands to macromolecular receptors". ...
Affinity chromatography
... based on a highly specific macromolecular binding interaction between the biomolecule and another substance. The specific type ... Carbohydrate bonding is most often used with glycoproteins or any other carbohydrate-containing substance; carbohydrate is used ...
List of biophysically important macromolecular crystal structures
The Differentiation and Specificity of Corresponding Proteins and other Vital Substances in Relation to Biological ... It contained beta sheet (antiparallel) as well as helices, and was also the first macromolecular structure to have its atomic ... Richardson JS, Richardson DC (2014). "Biophysical highlights from 54 years of macromolecular crystallography". Biophysical ...
Thomas Graham (chemist)
He also proposed the association theory which claimed that the substances such as cellulose or starch that we now know are ... It remained the most popular explanation until Hermann Staudinger's macromolecular theory of 1920s. Elected an Honorary Fellow ...
Plastic recycling
Macromolecular Symposia. 57 (1): 1-13. doi:10.1002/masy.19920570103. Brooks, Amy L.; Wang, Shunli; Jambeck, Jenna R. (June 2018 ... Victorin, K; Stahlberg, M; Ahlborg, U (June 1988). "Emission of mutagenic substances from waste incineration plants". Waste ... Schyns, Zoé O. G.; Shaver, Michael P. (February 2021). "Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review". Macromolecular ... Schyns, Zoé O. G.; Shaver, Michael P. (February 2021). "Mechanical Recycling of Packaging Plastics: A Review". Macromolecular ...
Photochlorination
In: Journal of Macromolecular Science: Part A - Chemistry. 16, 2006, p. 1463-1472, doi:10.1080/00222338108063248. Theodor Weyl ... the 26th time Council Directive 76/769/EEC relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances ... the 26th time Council Directive 76/769/EEC relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances ...
Entrez
... unique small molecule chemical structures PubChem Substance: deposited chemical substance records Genome Project: genome ... three-dimensional macromolecular structures Taxonomy: organisms in GenBank Taxonomy dbSNP: single nucleotide polymorphism Gene ... bioactivity screens of chemical substances Probe: sequence-specific reagents NLM Catalog: NLM bibliographic data for over 1.2 ...
Timeline of crystallography
... for his fundamental works on the macromolecular conformation and the validation of macromolecular structures by means of the ' ... "for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances." The substances included ... 233, 223 (1971) Meyer, E. F. Jr (1971). Interactive computer display for the three-dimensional study of macromolecular ... à plusieurs genres de substances cristallisées, Chez Gogué et Née de La Rochelle, Paris Haüy, R.J. (1795). Leçons de Physique, ...
Chaotropic activity
2010). "Hydrophobic substances induce water stress in microbial cells". Microbial Biotechnology. 3 (6): 701-716. doi:10.1111/j. ... even though they partition into the hydrophobic domains of macromolecular systems. Hamaguchi & Geiduschek (1962). "The Effect ... According to the original usage and work carried out on cellular stress mechanisms and responses, chaotropic substances do not ... Furthermore, hydrophobic substances known to stress cellular systems (including benzene and toluene) can chaotropically ...
Gliding motility
Extracellular polymeric substance Microneme Mucilage Nan, Beiyan (February 2017). "Bacterial gliding motility: Rolling out a ... Energized nano-machinery or large macromolecular assemblies located on the bacterium's cell body. "Focal adhesion complexes" ...
David A. Tirrell
His work in macromolecular synthesis underlies the development of "smart" materials, which respond to external cues like ... Recognizing that most synthetic polymers are mixtures, rather than pure substances, he developed pioneering techniques for the ... Tirrell, David A. (2008). "Reinterpreting the Genetic Code: Implications for macromolecular design, evolution and analysis". In ...
Wladyslaw Metanomski
"Unusual Names Assigned to Chemical Substances" presented at the 101-st National Meeting of the ACS on April 14, 1986, and ... as member of the Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature (1987-1999). Metanomski participated in the IUPAC as secretary of ...
Cytosol
The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its ... This high concentration of macromolecules in cytosol causes an effect called macromolecular crowding, which is when the ... Hoppert M, Mayer F (1999). "Principles of macromolecular organization and cell function in bacteria and archaea". Cell Biochem ... The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular ...
Colloid
Examples of such substances are xanthan and guar gum. Destabilization can be accomplished by different methods: Removal of the ... Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-1-84755-942-5. OCLC 406528399. ... If this is the case, then the colloidal particles will repel or only weakly attract each other, and the substance will remain a ... From page 183: "As gelatine appears to be its type, it is proposed to designate substances of the class as colloids, and to ...
Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies
Molecular and Cellular Biotechnology Chemistry and Technology of biologically active substances Technology of drugs Technology ... of organometallic compounds Chemical technology of natural energy and carbon materials Chemical Technology of Macromolecular ... and biological synthesis of various types of lipids and their complexes with a variety of biologically active substances, the ...
Heptazine
Linus Pauling and J. H. Sturdivant (1937): "The Structure of Cyameluric Acid, Hydromelonic Acid and Related Substances". ... Tamikuni Komatsu (2001): "The First Synthesis and Characterization of Cyameluric High Polymers". Macromolecular Chemistry and ...
Homologous series
We call homologous substances those that have the same chemical properties and whose composition offers certain analogies in ... Saarela, K. (2013-10-22). Macromolecular Chemistry-8: Plenary and Main Lectures Presented at the International Symposium on ... Nous appelons substances homologues celles qui jouissent des même propriétés chimiques et dont la composition offre certaines ... ISBN 978-1-4832-8025-7. Charles Gerhardt (1843) "Sur la classification chimique des substances organiques" (On the chemical ...
Steam exploded fiber
Alternatively, the fibers, along with other extracted substances, can be processed chemically or digested to produce ethanol ... Characterization and properties". Die Angewandte makromolekulare Chemie: Applied macromolecular chemistry and physics. Hüthig ... and other useful substances. Maurizio Avella; Claudio Bozzi; Ramiro dell'Erba; Bonaventura Focher; Annamaria Marzetti; Ezio ...
Lung microbiota
Macromolecular components of respiratory secretions (proteins, glycoproteins, lipids, nucleic acids) are converted to nutrients ... Secondly, they are able to produce antibacterial substances called bacteriocins which inhibit the growth of pathogens. Genera ...
Chromatin
Just which of the multitudinous substances present in a nucleus will constitute a part of the extracted material partly depends ... The term, introduced by Walther Flemming, has multiple meanings: Simple and concise definition: Chromatin is a macromolecular ...
Cell (biology)
The membrane is semi-permeable, and selectively permeable, in that it can either let a substance (molecule or ion) pass through ... Embedded within this membrane is a macromolecular structure called the porosome the universal secretory portal in cells and a ... Vacuoles of plant cells are surrounded by tonoplast which helps in transport of ions and other substances against concentration ...
Cytoplasm
The main components of the cytoplasm are cytosol (a gel-like substance), the organelles (the cell's internal sub-structures), ... an effect called macromolecular crowding occurs and the cytosol does not act as an ideal solution. This crowding effect alters ... The inclusions are small particles of insoluble substances suspended in the cytosol. A huge range of inclusions exist in ... The submicroscopic ground cell substance or cytoplasmic matrix which remains after exclusion of the cell organelles and ...
Chaotropic agent
Macromolecular structure and function is dependent on the net effect of these forces (see protein folding), therefore it ... Antichaotropic salts such as ammonium sulphate can be used to precipitate substances from the impure mixture. This is used in ... A chaotropic agent is a substance which disrupts the structure of, and denatures, macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic ... "Hydrophobic substances induce water stress in microbial cells". Microbial Biotechnology. 3 (6): 701-716. doi:10.1111/j.1751- ...
Association theory
Prior to the development of macromolecular theory by Hermann Staudinger in the 1920s, which stated that individual polymers are ... is a theory first advanced by chemist Thomas Graham in 1861 to describe the molecular structure of colloidal substances such as ...
Cellulose
Macromolecular Symposia. 54-55 (1): 509-518. doi:10.1002/masy.19920540138. Bishop, Charles A., ed. (2007). Vacuum deposition ... Plant-derived cellulose is usually found in a mixture with hemicellulose, lignin, pectin and other substances, while bacterial ...
Liver support system
The primary functions of the liver include removing toxic substances from the blood, manufacturing blood proteins, storing ... Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics. 211 (6): 657-668. doi:10.1002/macp.200900425. Koshy, Sandeep T.; Zhang, David K.Y.; ... Immobilisation of specific ligands onto cryogels enables adsorption of specific substances, supporting their use as treatment ... Splanchnic vasodilatation triggers the production of endogenous vasoactive substances that produce renal vasoconstriction and ...
Index of biochemistry articles
... substance P - substrate - sugar - sulfur - supercoil - superfamily - superoxide - surface immunoglobulin - surface plasmon ... macromolecular system - macromolecule - macrophage colony-stimulating factor - major histocompatibility complex - Malpighi body ...
Biomolecular condensate
Amorphous substances such as starch and cellulose were proposed to consist of building blocks, packed in a loosely crystalline ... Walter H, Brooks DE (March 1995). "Phase separation in cytoplasm, due to macromolecular crowding, is the basis for ... Iborra FJ (April 2007). "Can visco-elastic phase separation, macromolecular crowding and colloidal physics explain nuclear ... "colloidal organic substances", and which Oparin referred to as 'coacervates' (after de Jong ) - particles composed of two or ...
Picornavirus
The viral genome is around 2500 nm in length, so it is tightly packaged within the capsid along with substances such as sodium ... essentially the macromolecular synthesis of cell proteins is shut off. Over the next 1-2 hours, a loss of margination of ...
Chestnut
... buds have been listed as one of the 38 substances used to prepare Bach flower remedies, a kind of alternative medicine ... Pasch, H. (2002). "Considerations on the macromolecular structure of chestnut ellagitannins by matrix-assisted laser desorption ...
Nonlinear frictiophoresis
This is the case for numerous substances known as non-Newtonian fluids. Among these are gels, and dilatant fluids, ... Dynamical mechanisms of influence of alternating electromagnetic fields on macromolecular and cooperative systems (Doktor ... Dynamical mechanisms of influence of alternating electromagnetic fields on macromolecular and cooperative systems (Doktor ...
Sustainable agriculture
This plan also manages and monitors the substances used around the produce, the maintenance needed to protect the produce, and ... macromolecular biosynthesis, and respiration. It is needed for root ramification and strength and seed formation, and can ...
Stephen J. Lippard
Purely inorganic substances such as iron are often required in essential organic reactions, e.g. oxygen binding in the ... Members of the Lippard laboratory studying macromolecular crystallography have explored the structure, mechanisms and activity ... He is considered one of the founders of bioinorganic chemistry, studying the interactions of nonliving substances such as ...
Conversion (chemistry)
In this reaction, 90% of substance A is converted (consumed), but only 80% of the 90% is converted to the desired substance B ... Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics. 202 (12): 2614-2622. doi:10.1002/1521-3935(20010801)202:12. 3.0.CO;2-E. Wayne F. Reed, ... and 20% to undesired by-products C. So, conversion of A is 90%, selectivity for B 80% and yield of substance B 72%. Werner ...
Waldo Semon
He found the formula for vinyl by mixing a few synthetic polymers, and the result was a substance that was elastic, but wasn't ... Semon, Waldo L.; Stahl, G. Allan (April 1981). "History of Vinyl Chloride Polymers". Journal of Macromolecular Science: Part A ... He did invent an indigestible synthetic rubber substance that could be used as a bubble gum (and produced exceptionally large ...
Nucleic acid
In the early 1880s Albrecht Kossel further purified the substance and discovered its highly acidic properties. He later also ... Elson D (1965). "Metabolism of Nucleic Acids (Macromolecular DNA and RNA)". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 34: 449-86. doi: ...
Druse (botany)
McNair JB (1932). "The interrelation between substances in plants: essential oils and resins, cyanogen and oxalate". Am J Bot. ... and lipids or macromolecular membrane structures. Druses may also have some purpose in calcium regulation. Idioblast Raphide ...
Centrifugation
Sols consist of a substance evenly distributed in another substance, also known as a colloid. However, smaller grained sols, ... fractionation of macromolecules and macromolecular complexes, etc. Centrifugation is used in many different ways in the food ... not only is this process used to separate two miscible substances, but also to analyze the hydrodynamic properties of ... to identify and characterize macromolecular conformational changes, and to calculate equilibrium constants and thermodynamic ...
Edgar Andrews
Elias's Trends in Macromolecular Science (Midland Macromolecular Monographs, vol. 1, Gordon & Breach, New York / London, 1973) ... 1963 - Chemistry and Physics of Rubberlike Substances - co-author. Editor: Leslie Bateman, then director of the Natural Rubber ...
Biopharmaceutical
The first such substance approved for therapeutic use was biosynthetic "human" insulin made via recombinant DNA. Sometimes ... the terms biological medicinal products or therapeutic biological product to refer specifically to engineered macromolecular ... In the European Union, a biological medicinal product is one of the active substance(s) produced from or extracted from a ... Biologics can be composed of sugars, proteins, nucleic acids, or complex combinations of these substances, or may be living ...
Deductive-nomological model
Inferring the mind to arrange experience of the world into substance, space, and time, Kant placed the mind as part of the ... This yielded to macromolecular theory, the term macromolecule introduced by German chemist Hermann Staudinger in 1922 (Morange ... A classic case is the aether, a substance that was supposed by nineteenth-century physicists to permeate all space and make it ... Fourth, when critical of the reality of atoms, he normally meant the Greek sense of 'indivisible substance' and thought ...
Retrograde signaling
O'Dell TJ, Hawkins RD, Kandel ER, Arancio O (December 1991). "Tests of the roles of two diffusible substances in long-term ... Matthies, H. (1988). "Long-Term Synaptic Potentiation and Macromolecular Changes in Memory Formation". Synaptic Plasticity in ...
Sulfolene
The thermodynamically more stable 2-sulfolene can be isolated from the mixture of isomers as pure substance in the form of ... E. J. Goethals (1967). "On the polymerization and copolymerization of sulfolenes". Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics. 109 (1 ...
Isosorbide
... substance of very high concern) banned from manufacturing and application in May 2013. Phosphorus-based isosorbide compounds, ... Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics (in German). 202 (17): 3410-3419. doi:10.1002/1521-3935(20011101)202:17. 3.0.CO;2-Q0 ( ... Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics. 212 (19): 2114-2120. doi:10.1002/macp.201100146. Hani MA, Chatti S, Kricheldorf HR, ...
GroES
Along with other substances associated with early embryos, EPF is believed to play a role in preventing the immune system of ... GroES+Protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) 3D macromolecular structures of GroES in ... Rolfe BE, Morton H, Cavanagh AC, Gardiner RA (Mar 1983). "Detection of an early pregnancy factor-like substance in sera of ... Because the rosette inhibition assay for EPF is indirect, substances that have similar effects may confound the test. Pig semen ...
Cardanol
The name of the substance is derived by contraction from the genus Anacardium, which includes the cashew tree, Anacardium ... Macromolecular Rapid Communications. 21 (8): 496-499. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3927(20000501)21:8. 3.0.CO;2-G. Scott G (2003). ...
S-layer
Since the first evidence of a macromolecular array on a bacterial cell wall fragment in the 1950s S-layer structure has been ... and phagocytosis resistance against low pH barrier against high-molecular-weight substances (e.g., lytic enzymes) adhesion (for ... Houwink, AL (1953). "A macromolecular mono-layer in the cell wall of Spirillum spec". Biochim Biophys Acta. 10 (3): 360-6. doi: ...
CPC Scheme - C08K Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
Biocides; (macromolecular substances as carriers for biocide material A01N 25/10)} [2013-01] ... Biocides (macromolecular substances as carriers for biocide material A01N 25/10) [2018-01] ... Ingredients treated with organic substances {(treated with macromolecular compounds C08K 9/08)} [2013-01] ... Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, ...
Results of search for 'su:{Macromolecular Substances.}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Solvent-induced high fidelity switching between two discrete supramolecules
DeCS 2007 - Changed terms
Polyethyleneimine | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
US20220289915 METHOD TO SYNTHESIZE GELATIN METHACRYLOYL HYDROGELS
Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances. 02. Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other ... Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances. 02. Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other ... Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances. 02. Making solutions, dispersions or lattices by other methods ... Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances. 02. Making solutions, dispersions or lattices by other methods ...
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Sugar - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com
... includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of ... any of various polysaccharides obtained by hydrolysis of starch; a tasteless and odorless gummy substance that is used as a ... a tough semitransparent horny substance; the principal component of the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of ...
What Is the Best After-School Snack? | Wonderopolis
Multiprotein complex containing succinate dehydrogenase confers mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel activity<...
Macromolecular Substances Medicine & Life Sciences 11% * Ischemic Preconditioning Medicine & Life Sciences 10% ... over the basis of ischemic preconditioning by demonstrating that SDH is a component of mitoKATP as part of a macromolecular ... over the basis of ischemic preconditioning by demonstrating that SDH is a component of mitoKATP as part of a macromolecular ... over the basis of ischemic preconditioning by demonstrating that SDH is a component of mitoKATP as part of a macromolecular ...
Resins, Synthetic | Profiles RNS
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Items where Author is "Michaelis, W." | EPIC
i,n,/i,-Alkanoic compounds in sulphur-rich macromolecular substances: A detailed investigation of sulphur incorporation and ... Organic pollutants associated with macromolecular soil organic matter: Mode of binding , Organic Geochemistry, 26 , pp. 745-758 ... Metabolites of xenobiotica and mineral oil constituents linked to macromolecular organic matter in polluted environments , ...
Emerging antibacterial strategies with combined treatment | IJN
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CN107383636B - Low-thermal-conductivity-coefficient foamed particles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
C08J9/04-Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using ... 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16 * 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims ... 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22 * 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 ... 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4 * 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims ...
Distinct Differences in Structural States of Conserved Histidines in Two Related Proteins: NMR Studies of the Chemokines CXCL1...
Macromolecular Substances Medicine & Life Sciences 89% * Histidine Medicine & Life Sciences 70% * Interleukin-8 Medicine & Life ... N2 - Hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions play fundamental roles in macromolecular recognition and function. In contrast to ... AB - Hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions play fundamental roles in macromolecular recognition and function. In contrast to ... Hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions play fundamental roles in macromolecular recognition and function. In contrast to ...
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Bacterial Strain for Bast Fiber Crops Degumming and Its Bio-Degumming Technique | Research Square
It also decomposes macromolecular pectin substances into micromolecular substances, absorb them in vivo, and transforms them ... Bast non-cellulosic substances have extremely complicated composition and structure, and the non-cellulosic degradation can be ... Bio-degumming is a process that centers on catalyzing the degradation of non-cellulosic substances by biocatalysts (enzymes) ... the degumming bacterial strain realizes the growth and proliferation through the nutrient substances in the degumming solution ...
Safety of Natural Peptide Bioregulators | Antiaging Systems Articles
... the outcome peaks evidences the presence of a little quantity of substances of various molecular weights in the macromolecular ... The active substance is extracted from animal organs and tissues at 3-7°C, pH 3.0 (cytomedins) or 11.0 (cytamins) for 6 days. ... In this view, it becomes ever more significant to devise technologies securing the safety of such substances and to work out ... Since Cytomedins and Cytamins are water-soluble substances, the fixation of samples was performed not on a microscope slide but ...
DeCS
Faculty Publications Archive | Page 6 | Lewis-Sigler Institute
Macromolecular Substances. S. van Teeffelen, Shaevitz, J. W., and Gitai, Z., "Image analysis in fluorescence microscopy: ... J. W. Shaevitz, Block, S. M., and Schnitzer, M. J., "Statistical kinetics of macromolecular dynamics.", Biophys J, vol. 89, no ... J. W. Shaevitz, Block, S. M., and Schnitzer, M. J., "Statistical kinetics of macromolecular dynamics.", Biophys J, vol. 89, no ... J. W. Shaevitz, Block, S. M., and Schnitzer, M. J., "Statistical kinetics of macromolecular dynamics.", Biophys J, vol. 89, no ...
DeCS
DeCS
DeCS 2005 - Deleted terms
DeCS 2012 - Instructions for updating strategies used in searching thematic areas of the VHL
DeCS 2005 - Deleted terms
ProteinsHumansCompoundsAqueousProteinComplexesChemistryToxic substancesAntigensSolventsParticlesDegradationMembrane2017PollutantsOrganicsMicrobialSubstratesEnzymesMolecular StructureAntibodiesInorganicCompositionBacteriaHarmfulTissuesToxicityBiologicalPolymerAntibodyChemicalSeparationPossessRecognitionSmallDerivativesFundamentalHeterogeneousImmune responseReactComplexTypicallyMedicineConditions
Proteins6
- Sepuru, KM & Rajarathnam, K 2018, ' Distinct Differences in Structural States of Conserved Histidines in Two Related Proteins: NMR Studies of the Chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8 in the Free Form and Macromolecular Complexes ', Biochemistry , vol. 57, no. 41, pp. 5969-5977. (utmb.edu)
- In this view, it becomes ever more significant to devise technologies securing the safety of such substances and to work out effective control methods proving the absence of infectious agents, protooncogenes, prion proteins or other objectionable components in them. (antiaging-systems.com)
- Finally, we show that in both Drosophila and human cells, ROD and ZW10 are in fact physically associated, and in Drosophila these proteins are together constituents of a large (700-900 kDa), soluble macromolecular complex. (nyu.edu)
- ASBT/macromolecular substrate complexes were rapidly internalized in vesicles, localized in early endosomes, dissociated and escaped the vesicular transport while binding of cytoplasmic ileal bile acid binding proteins cause exocytosis of macromolecules and prevented entry into lysosomes. (ewha.ac.kr)
- They continue to react with each other and their surrounding substances, especially macromolecular nucleic acids and proteins, causing changes in molecular structure. (ybstudy.com)
- The organic acid and the substances that make up the vinegar aroma and ester aroma pass through the filtration membrane to become permeate and flow out, while the vinegar has micron and sub-micron suspended particles and other macromolecular proteins and bacterial substances are blocked by the filter membrane. (jiuwumembrane.com)
Humans1
- these substances, in both rodents and humans. (cdc.gov)
Compounds2
- However, unlike small molecules, which are typically synthesized and used as discreet, homogeneous compounds, polymeric and macromolecular materials are usually synthesized and used as a heterogeneous distribution of compounds of the same structural motif but varying size. (macalester.edu)
- Toxic substances that can be excreted with sweat include heavy metals and harmful compounds such as BPA and some types of PCBs. (amalislam.com)
Aqueous4
- Multilayer capsules with cell-like topology: Fabrication and spontaneous loading of various substances in aqueous and ethanol solutions. (mpg.de)
- In support of this, a recent study reported that the macromolecular component obtained by aqueous solvent extraction of JBO had anti-influenza activity ( Lee et al. (smadsignaling.com)
- 2012). However, viscous substances (VS), a macromolecular component extractable by aqueous solvent and produced in the cavity of JBO (JBOVS), are not well-characterized with regard to their chemical and mineral compositions. (smadsignaling.com)
- Membrane barrier test method for skin corrosion assay utilizes an artificial membrane designed to respond to corrosive substances and may be used to test solids, liquids (with the exception of aqueous materials with a pH between 4.5 and 8.5), and emulsions. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
Protein5
- Other substances too small to act as immunogens on their own (drugs, pesticides, etc) must be coupled to a macromolecular carrier molecule (usually a protein) to become immunogenic and elicit an immune response. (cdc.gov)
- Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. (systemsbiology.net)
- Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the crystallization process of a protein macromolecular substance under two different conditions: pure diffusive regime and microgravity conditions present on space laboratories. (strath.ac.uk)
- However, during the entire brewing process, the starch, cellulose, protein, fat and other macromolecular substances in the raw materials were not completely decomposed, which caused the vinegar to become cloudy and precipitated, which seriously affected the quality of the product and the improvement of commodity grades. (jiuwumembrane.com)
- Because vinegar contains protein, tanning and colloidal substances, the membrane is easily contaminated and blocked after a period of filtration, resulting in a decrease in membrane flux. (jiuwumembrane.com)
Complexes1
- this term includes gene products that are parts of macromolecular complexes, by the definition that all members of a complex normally copurify under all except extreme conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Chemistry2
- Polymer and macromolecular chemistry combine to form a highly interdisciplinary field that cuts across all areas of modern chemistry. (macalester.edu)
- In particular, the preparation of polymeric and macromolecular materials can be used to illustrate many of the fundamental concepts of synthetic chemistry. (macalester.edu)
Toxic substances3
- The contemporary epoch is marked by an extraordinary diversity of unfavourable factors affecting the human organism: natural conditions, unbalanced nutrition, environmental factors, external damaging agents including ionising and microwave radiation and toxic substances. (antiaging-systems.com)
- Sweat glands function to produce sweat which can help remove these toxic substances from the body. (amalislam.com)
- Kapil and I come to you from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry in Atlanta, Georgia. (cdc.gov)
Antigens1
- This method is generally used to detect small molecules with fewer epitopes, of course, this method can also be used to detect macromolecular antigens and even antibodies. (pegreviews.com)
Solvents1
- More than 900 kinds of gaseous substances are involved, mainly including: and various kinds of solvents. (cghzxc.com)
Particles1
- Add the adhesive is to enhance the mechanical strength of the glass fiber, mainly used for filtering coarse particles such as macromolecular substance and air dust. (aqingfengfilter2.com)
Degradation3
- The chemical degumming method centering on soda cooking, which is commonly used at home (China) and abroad, is a process that aims to acquire cellulosic fiber satisfying the follow-up processing requirements by catalyzing the degradation of bast non-cellulosic substances under acidic and high-temperature conditions with some aftertreatment measures. (researchsquare.com)
- Bio-degumming is a process that centers on catalyzing the degradation of non-cellulosic substances by biocatalysts (enzymes) and aims to obtain the cellulosic fiber satisfying the follow-up processing requirements. (researchsquare.com)
- Bast non-cellulosic substances have extremely complicated composition and structure, and the non-cellulosic degradation can be realized only through the collaborative action of key enzymes such as pectinase (Zhou et al. (researchsquare.com)
Membrane2
- A semipermeable membrane is a thin layer of material capable of separating substances when a driving force is applied across the membrane. (rowatertreatment-system.com)
- Here, we propose a new strategy that uses high-affinity binding macromolecular substrates to functionally transform the membrane transporters so that they behave like receptors, ultimately allowing the apical-basal transport of bound macromolecules. (ewha.ac.kr)
20171
- The test substance is part of a category approach of methylenediphenyl diisocyanates (MDI) with existing data gaps filled according to ECHA guidance on Read Across (ECHA, 2017). (europa.eu)
Pollutants1
- Then a series of complex physical and chemical reactions are initiated, which make complex macromolecular pollutants into simple small molecular safety substances, and achieve the effect of purifying waste gas. (cghzxc.com)
Organics1
- The data constrain the macromolecular structure of organics detected in the ice grains and suggest the presence of a thin organic-rich film on top of the oceanic water table, where organic nucleation cores generated by the bursting of bubbles allow the probing of Enceladus' organic inventory in enhanced concentrations. (nature.com)
Microbial3
- Microbial flocculants are macromolecular substances produced by microorganisms. (springeropen.com)
- Global market of humic substances has been increasing steadily based on the perception of the multifunctional properties as plant biostimulant, microbial vehicle and plant protective agent against environmental stress. (springeropen.com)
- Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in ocean systems. (sc.edu)
Substrates2
- Bile acid based macromolecular substrates were synthesized and allowed to interact with ASBT. (ewha.ac.kr)
- In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. (systemsbiology.net)
Enzymes2
- Both antibodies and enzymes are macromolecular substances, each performing different missions in the long evolutionary process. (articlesfactory.com)
- Enzymes can highly selectively combine substances with specific structures in the chemical reaction process, thereby greatly reducing the activation energy of chemical reactions, and catalyzing chemical reactions with high selectivity and efficiency, enabling them to be realized under mild conditions. (articlesfactory.com)
Molecular Structure1
- High-energy C-band light was used to break the molecular chain of exhaust gas, change the molecular structure of exhaust gas, decompose and oxidize polymer organic matter to produce low-molecular harmless substances, such as water and carbon dioxide. (cghzxc.com)
Antibodies1
- These are the commercial substance which are injected or absorbed into animal tissues to stimulates the production of antibodies. (imedpub.com)
Inorganic1
- In order to avoid reacting chemically with the filtered medium, use the glass fiber without binder to filter organic substances and use the glass fiber with binder to filter inorganic substances. (aqingfengfilter2.com)
Composition1
- The fluid component of the saliva is derived from the perfusing blood vessels in proximity to the gland, while the macromolecular composition is derived from secretory granules within the acinar cells. (medscape.com)
Bacteria1
- As a strong catalytic oxidant, ozone can effectively kill bacteria and destroy toxic and harmful substances into harmless substances with low molecular weight. (cghzxc.com)
Harmful1
- There are lots of harmful substances that may enter the body either through pollution, food, drinks to cosmetics. (amalislam.com)
Tissues2
- Long-term experience of applying peptide bioregulators extracted from the organs and tissues of young animals has confirmed the high efficacy of this class of substances in various diseases and pathologic states including those not responsive to the treatment with other medications. (antiaging-systems.com)
- "Therefore, organic fermentation can rupture the cell partitions of tissues and break down macromolecular substances into small molecular substances, thereby releasing a wide range of vitamins or energetic substances," mentioned the researchers. (promodealtoday.com)
Toxicity4
- Table 1 shows a summary of common responses of different plants treated with humic substances against osmotic stress (salinity and drought) and heavy metal toxicity. (springeropen.com)
- With respect to toxicokinetics, all MDI substances are highly reactive and exhibit strong reactivity with biological nucleophiles which are directly related to the toxicity mode of action. (europa.eu)
- Accordingly, the toxicokinetic behavior of the substances of the MDI category at the extracellular site of contact is directly responsible its substance toxicity. (europa.eu)
- Thus, the chemical and toxicokinetic profile of substances of the MDI category is predictive of the toxicity response for all endpoints. (europa.eu)
Biological2
- 2016 ). Bioflocculant is a class of biological macromolecular substances with flocculating activity obtained from biological sources (Salehizadeh et al. (springeropen.com)
- study of the biological macromolecular structure of drug substances (NMR and x-ray structure analysis methods). (olainfarm.com)
Polymer1
- d) applications of polymer and macromolecular materials to societal needs. (macalester.edu)
Antibody1
- When detecting macromolecular antigenic substances, due to the influence of steric hindrance, the detection method is not as sensitive as the double antibody sandwich method for detecting macromolecular antigenic substances. (pegreviews.com)
Chemical5
- The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. (systemsbiology.net)
- Therefore, the look of book ligands, both little substances and macromolecular conjugates, for learning the chemical substance and natural properties of GPCRs have already been developed with this process, has provided experts with a technique that is even more versatile compared to the traditional medicinal chemical methods. (thetechnoant.info)
- Chemical priming by humic substances is a promising field tool in plant stress physiology and crop stress management. (springeropen.com)
- The system is composed of a synthetic macromolecular biobarrier and a chemical detection system, which can detect a test substance. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
- In this category, Substances of the MDI category all share similar chemical features namely that they a) all contain high levels of mMDI, and b) contain have at least two aromatic NCO groups that are electronically separated from other aromatic rings by at least a methylene bridge. (europa.eu)
Separation1
- It has excellent effects on turbidity reduction, sterilization and separation, concentration and purification of macromolecular substances. (rowatertreatment-system.com)
Possess1
- A2A, and A3 receptor functionalized congeners possess yielded macromolecular conjugates, irreversibly binding AR ligands for receptor inactivation and crosslinking, radioactive probes that make use of prosthetic organizations, immobilized ligands for affinity chromatography, and dual-acting ligands that work as binary medicines. (thetechnoant.info)
Recognition1
- Hydrogen-bonding and ionic interactions play fundamental roles in macromolecular recognition and function. (utmb.edu)
Small1
- Like small molecules as applied in medicines, polymeric and macromolecular materials occupy a central role in maintaining overall societal well-being. (macalester.edu)
Derivatives1
- Synthesis Of Poly Vinyl Chloride/Chlorinated Polypropylene-Active Natural Substance Derivatives For Potential Packaging Materials Application. (researchgate.net)
Fundamental1
- Any substance that can cause a sudden or fundamental change in the genetic material of an organism, making gene mutation or chromosomal aberration above the natural level, is collectively referred to as a mutagen. (ybstudy.com)
Heterogeneous1
- However, as MAPs are macromolecular substances, the direct method of MAPs organic synthesis will produce by-products, ( fmoc amino acids supply )which will form a heterogeneous body, bringing inconvenience to the later purification work. (omizzur.com)
Immune response1
- Antigen is a substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response . (imedpub.com)
React1
- 2003). Due to the common reactivity of the isocyanate group and the relatively similar rate constants for the two substances, it is expected that substances of the MDI category will react similarly. (europa.eu)
Complex2
- These results reconcile the controversy over the basis of ischemic preconditioning by demonstrating that SDH is a component of mitoK ATP as part of a macromolecular super-complex. (elsevier.com)
- Here we report observations of emitted ice grains containing concentrated and complex macromolecular organic material with molecular masses above 200 atomic mass units. (nature.com)
Typically1
- Typically, four replicas are produced for each tested substance and its corresponding controls. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
Medicine1
- However, the active application of animal-derived peptide bioregulators in medicine requires special control over the quality and safety of these substances, since raw material used in their production can contain components hazardous for the human organism. (antiaging-systems.com)
Conditions2
- The applicable conditions of this method are: macromolecular substances containing multiple antigenic epitopes. (pegreviews.com)
- With the advent of novel macromolecular medications, the horizon of aerosol drug delivery is expanding to include nonrespiratory conditions (eg, diabetes, analgesia, thyroid disorders, genetic disease). (medscape.com)