AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesHealth CareGeographicals
MacrolidesErythromycinAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinKetolidesRoxithromycinJosamycinLeucomycinsTylosinClarithromycinMicrobial Sensitivity TestsSpiramycinLincosamidesVirginiamycinDrug Resistance, BacterialMiocamycinRNA, Ribosomal, 23SStreptococcus pneumoniaeClindamycinDrug Resistance, MicrobialStreptograminsLincomycinPolyenesFluoroquinolonesMycoplasma pneumoniaeStreptococcus pyogenesAnti-Infective AgentsStreptogramin BStreptomycesOleandomycinDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialLactamsTetracyclinesRespiratory Tract Infections4-QuinolonesMoraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalisPneumococcal InfectionsBronchiolitisPneumonia, MycoplasmaMycoplasma hominisPyloric StenosisCommunity-Acquired InfectionsHaemophilus influenzaeStreptococcal InfectionsNystatinPenicillinsSaccharopolysporaNaphthyridinesOfloxacinMethyltransferasesMolecular StructureDrug UtilizationPneumonia, BacterialLevofloxacinPenicillin ResistanceAza CompoundsPyloric Stenosis, HypertrophicQuinolonesNatamycinStreptococcus oralisRibosomesLactonesCampylobacterBronchitis, ChronicLegislation, VeterinaryAminoglycosidesGram-Positive BacteriaGenes, BacterialStreptococcusTetracyclineMonobactamsOxazolidinonesMinocyclineBacterial ProteinsPharyngitisStaphylococcus aureusPoriferaCandicidinGram-Positive CocciFiji
Macrolides
A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typically 12, 14, or 16)-membered lactone. Macrolides belong to the POLYKETIDES class of natural products, and many members exhibit ANTIBIOTIC properties.
Erythromycin
A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.
Azithromycin
A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.
Ketolides
Compounds based on ERYTHROMYCIN with the 3-cladinose replaced by a ketone. They bind the 23S part of 70S bacterial RIBOSOMES.
Roxithromycin
Semisynthetic derivative of erythromycin. It is concentrated by human phagocytes and is bioactive intracellularly. While the drug is active against a wide spectrum of pathogens, it is particularly effective in the treatment of respiratory and genital tract infections.
Josamycin
A macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces narbonensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens.
Leucomycins
An antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kitasatoensis. The complex consists of a mixture of at least eight biologically active components, A1 and A3 to A9. Leucomycins have both antibacterial and antimycoplasmal activities.
Tylosin
Macrolide antibiotic obtained from cultures of Streptomyces fradiae. The drug is effective against many microorganisms in animals but not in humans.
Clarithromycin
A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).
Spiramycin
A macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens. The drug is effective against gram-positive aerobic pathogens, N. gonorrhoeae, and staphylococci. It is used to treat infections caused by bacteria and Toxoplasma gondii.
Lincosamides
A family of LINCOMYCIN-related glycosides that contain a pyrrolidine ring linked via an amide-bond to a pyranose moiety. Individual members of this family are defined by the arrangement of specific constituent groups on the lyncomycin molecule. Many lincosamides are ANTIBIOTICS produced by a variety STREPTOMYCES species.
Virginiamycin
A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. It consists of 2 major components, VIRGINIAMYCIN FACTOR M1 and virginiamycin Factor S1. It is used to treat infections with gram-positive organisms and as a growth promoter in cattle, swine, and poultry.
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Miocamycin
A macrolide antibiotic that has a wide antimicrobial spectrum and is particularly effective in respiratory and genital infections.
RNA, Ribosomal, 23S
Constituent of 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes containing about 3200 nucleotides. 23S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
A gram-positive organism found in the upper respiratory tract, inflammatory exudates, and various body fluids of normal and/or diseased humans and, rarely, domestic animals.
Clindamycin
An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.
Drug Resistance, Microbial
The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Streptogramins
A class of natural cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by certain subspecies of STREPTOMYCES. They include two structurally unrelated components, STREPTOGRAMIN GROUP A and STREPTOGRAMIN GROUP B, which generally act synergistically to inhibit bacterial growth.
Lincomycin
An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.
Polyenes
Hydrocarbons with more than one double bond. They are a reduced form of POLYYNES.
Fluoroquinolones
A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Short filamentous organism of the genus Mycoplasma, which binds firmly to the cells of the respiratory epithelium. It is one of the etiologic agents of non-viral primary atypical pneumonia in man.
Streptococcus pyogenes
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group A hemolytic Streptococcus that can cause SCARLET FEVER and RHEUMATIC FEVER.
Anti-Infective Agents
Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.
Streptogramin B
A specific streptogramin group B antibiotic produced by Streptomyces graminofaciens and other bacteria.
Streptomyces
A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.
Oleandomycin
Antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces antibioticus.
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Lactams
Cyclic AMIDES formed from aminocarboxylic acids by the elimination of water. Lactims are the enol forms of lactams.
Tetracyclines
Closely congeneric derivatives of the polycyclic naphthacenecarboxamide. (Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1117)
Respiratory Tract Infections
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.
4-Quinolones
QUINOLONES containing a 4-oxo (a carbonyl in the para position to the nitrogen). They inhibit the A subunit of DNA GYRASE and are used as antimicrobials. Second generation 4-quinolones are also substituted with a 1-piperazinyl group at the 7-position and a fluorine at the 6-position.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Gram-negative aerobic cocci of low virulence that colonize the nasopharynx and occasionally cause MENINGITIS; BACTEREMIA; EMPYEMA; PERICARDITIS; and PNEUMONIA.
Pneumococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE.
Bronchiolitis
Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.
Pneumonia, Mycoplasma
Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly the lower lobes of the lungs, by MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE in humans. In SHEEP, it is caused by MYCOPLASMA OVIPNEUMONIAE. In CATTLE, it may be caused by MYCOPLASMA DISPAR.
Mycoplasma hominis
A common inhabitant of the vagina and cervix and a potential human pathogen, causing infections of the male and female reproductive tracts. It has also been associated with respiratory disease and pharyngitis. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Pyloric Stenosis
Narrowing of the pyloric canal with varied etiology. A common form is due to muscle hypertrophy (PYLORIC STENOSIS, HYPERTROPHIC) seen in infants.
Community-Acquired Infections
Any infection acquired in the community, that is, contrasted with those acquired in a health care facility (CROSS INFECTION). An infection would be classified as community-acquired if the patient had not recently been in a health care facility or been in contact with someone who had been recently in a health care facility.
Haemophilus influenzae
A species of HAEMOPHILUS found on the mucous membranes of humans and a variety of animals. The species is further divided into biotypes I through VIII.
Streptococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.
Nystatin
Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.
Penicillins
A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)
Saccharopolyspora
A genus of gram-positive bacteria whose spores are round to oval and covered by a sheath.
Naphthyridines
Ofloxacin
A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.
Methyltransferases
A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from one compound to another. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.1.1.
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Drug Utilization
The utilization of drugs as reported in individual hospital studies, FDA studies, marketing, or consumption, etc. This includes drug stockpiling, and patient drug profiles.
Pneumonia, Bacterial
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections.
Levofloxacin
The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.
Penicillin Resistance
Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins.
Aza Compounds
Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic
Narrowing of the pyloric canal due to HYPERTROPHY of the surrounding circular muscle. It is usually seen in infants or young children.
Quinolones
A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.
Natamycin
Amphoteric macrolide antifungal antibiotic from Streptomyces natalensis or S. chattanoogensis. It is used for a variety of fungal infections, mainly topically.
Streptococcus oralis
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria that is numerous in the mouth and throat. It is a common cause of endocarditis and is also implicated in dental plaque formation.
Ribosomes
Multicomponent ribonucleoprotein structures found in the CYTOPLASM of all cells, and in MITOCHONDRIA, and PLASTIDS. They function in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS via GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Lactones
Cyclic esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids, containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure. Large cyclic lactones of over a dozen atoms are MACROLIDES.
Campylobacter
A genus of bacteria found in the reproductive organs, intestinal tract, and oral cavity of animals and man. Some species are pathogenic.
Bronchitis, Chronic
A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of chronic bronchitis.
Legislation, Veterinary
Laws and regulations, pertaining to the field of veterinary medicine, proposed for enactment or enacted by a legislative body.
Aminoglycosides
Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.
Genes, Bacterial
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
Streptococcus
A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.
Tetracycline
A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.
Monobactams
Monocyclic, bacterially produced or semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotics. They lack the double ring construction of the traditional beta-lactam antibiotics and can be easily synthesized.
Oxazolidinones
Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.
Minocycline
A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.
Bacterial Proteins
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX).
Staphylococcus aureus
Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.
Porifera
The phylum of sponges which are sessile, suspension-feeding, multicellular animals that utilize flagellated cells called choanocytes to circulate water. Most are hermaphroditic. They are probably an early evolutionary side branch that gave rise to no other group of animals. Except for about 150 freshwater species, sponges are marine animals. They are a source of ALKALOIDS; STEROLS; and other complex molecules useful in medicine and biological research.
Candicidin
Mixture of antifungal heptaene macrolides from Streptomyces griseus or Actinomyces levoris used topically in candidiasis. The antibiotic complex is composed of candicidins A, B, C, and D, of which D is the major component.
Gram-Positive Cocci
Coccus-shaped bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.
Fiji
A republic consisting of an island group in Melanesia, in the southwest Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Suva. It was discovered by Abel Tasman in 1643 and was visited by Captain Cook in 1774. It was used by escaped convicts from Australia as early as 1804. It was annexed by Great Britain in 1874 but achieved independence in 1970. The name Fiji is of uncertain origin. In its present form it may represent that of Viti, the main island in the group. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p396 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p186)

Lymphadenitis due to nontuberculous mycobacteria in children: presentation and response to therapy. (1/2885)

The most common manifestation of infection due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in children is cervical lymphadenitis in an otherwise healthy patient. We identified and reviewed 19 cases of proven or presumptive lymphadenitis due to NTM seen at our hospital over the course of 13 months. Nine patients underwent initial surgical excision of involved lymph nodes. Ten children did not have involved lymph nodes excised initially and were treated with macrolide-containing antibiotic regimens. Of these patients, five required subsequent surgical excision and five were cured with combination chemotherapy. Six patients underwent radiographic imaging of the head and neck that revealed asymmetrical adenopathy with ring-enhancing masses but minimal inflammatory stranding of the subcutaneous fat, a finding that may distinguish adenitis caused by NTM from staphylococcal and streptococcal adenitis. Our data suggest that if surgical excision is not considered feasible, antimicrobial therapy for adenitis due to NTM may be beneficial for some patients.  (+info)

Apicularens A and B, new cytostatic macrolides from Chondromyces species (myxobacteria): production, physico-chemical and biological properties. (2/2885)

A novel macrolide, apicularen A, was produced by several species of the genus Chondromyces. Initially it was discovered by bioassay-guided RP-HPLC-fractionation of culture extracts of Chondromyces robustus, strain Cm a13. Apicularen A showed no antimicrobial activity, but was highly cytotoxic for cultivated human and animal cells, with IC50 values ranging between 0.1 and 3 ng/ml. A cometabolite of apicularen A, the N-acetylglucosamine glycoside apicularen B, was distinctly less cytotoxic with IC50 values between 0.2 and 1.2 microg/ml, and showed weak activity against a few Gram-positive bacteria. Apicularen A is chemically closely related to the salicylihalamides A and B from the marine sponge Haliclona sp.  (+info)

Efflux-mediated aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei. (3/2885)

Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is intrinsically resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and polymyxins. We used Tn5-OT182 to mutagenize B. pseudomallei to identify the genes involved in aminoglycoside resistance. We report here on the identification of AmrAB-OprA, a multidrug efflux system in B. pseudomallei which is specific for both aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics. We isolated two transposon mutants, RM101 and RM102, which had 8- to 128-fold increases in their susceptibilities to the aminoglycosides streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and spectinomycin. In addition, both mutants, in contrast to the parent, were susceptible to the macrolides erythromycin and clarithromycin but not to the lincosamide clindamycin. Sequencing of the DNA flanking the transposon insertions revealed a putative operon consisting of a resistance, nodulation, division-type transporter, a membrane fusion protein, an outer membrane protein, and a divergently transcribed regulatorprotein. Consistent with the presence of an efflux system, both mutants accumulated [3H] dihydro streptomycin, whereas the parent strain did not. We constructed an amr deletion strain, B. pseudomallei DD503, which was hypersusceptible to aminoglycosides and macrolides and which was used successfully in allelic exchange experiments. These results suggest that an efflux system is a major contributor to the inherent high-level aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance found in B. pseudomallei.  (+info)

Ketolide treatment of Haemophilus influenzae experimental pneumonia. (4/2885)

The MICs of HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 at which 90% of beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae isolates were inhibited were 4 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. Both HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 were active against beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae in a murine model of experimental pneumonia. As assessed by pulmonary clearance of H. influenzae, HMR 3004 was more effective (P < 0.05) than was azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, erythromycin A, pristinamycin, or HMR 3647 in this model.  (+info)

The effect of streptomycin, oxytetracycline, tilmicosin and phenylbutazone on spermatogenesis in bulls. (5/2885)

To determine whether declining semen quality associated with health problems may be due to certain antibiotic or anti-inflammatory treatments, semen was collected 3 times per week for up to 42 d from 6 normal bulls after treatment with oxytetracycline, tilmicosin, dihydrostreptomycin, or phenylbutazone. No adverse effects on semen quality were observed.  (+info)

The in-vitro activity of HMR 3647, a new ketolide antimicrobial agent. (6/2885)

The in-vitro activity of HMR 3647, a novel ketolide, was investigated in comparison with those of erythromycin A, roxithromycin, clarithromycin (14-membered ring macrolides), amoxycillin-clavulanate and ciprofloxacin against 719 recent clinical Gram-positive, Gram-negative and anaerobic isolates and type cultures. HMR 3647 generally demonstrated greater activity than the other compounds with MIC90s of < or =0.5 mg/L, except for Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC90 > 128 mg/L), Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90 = 2 mg/L), Enterococcus faecalis (MIC90 = 2 mg/L), Enterococcus faecium (MIC90 = 1 mg/L) and the anaerobes, Bacteroides fragilis (MIC90 = 2 mg/L) and Clostridium difficile (MIC90 = 1 mg/L). In general, an increase in the size of the inoculum from 10(4) to 10(6) cfu on selected strains had little effect on the MICs of HMR 3647. Additionally, the in-vitro activity of HMR 3647 was not affected by the presence of either 20 or 70% (v/v) human serum. The antichlamydial activity of HMR 3647 was generally greater than that of commonly used antichlamydial antimicrobials.  (+info)

Reduced capacitative calcium entry correlates with vesicle accumulation and apoptosis. (7/2885)

A preneoplastic variant of Syrian hamster embryo cells, sup(+), exhibits decreased endoplasmic reticulum calcium levels and subsequently undergoes apoptosis in low serum conditions (Preston, G. A., Barrett, J. C., Biermann, J. A., and Murphy, E. (1997) Cancer Res. 57, 537-542). This decrease in endoplasmic reticulum calcium appears to be due, at least in part, to reduced capacitative calcium entry at the plasma membrane. Thus we investigated whether inhibition of capacitative calcium entry per se could reduce endoplasmic reticulum calcium and induce apoptosis of cells. We find that treatment with either SKF96365 (30-100 microM) or cell-impermeant 1,2-bis(o-amino-5-bromophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N', N'-tetraacetic acid (5-10 mM) is able to induce apoptosis of cells in conditions where apoptosis does not normally occur. Because previous work has implicated vesicular trafficking as a mechanism of regulating capacitative calcium entry, we investigated whether disruption of vesicular trafficking could lead to decreased capacitative calcium entry and subsequent apoptosis of cells. Coincident with low serum-induced apoptosis, we observed an accumulation of vesicles within the cell, suggesting deregulated vesicle trafficking. Treatment of cells with bafilomycin (30-100 nM), an inhibitor of the endosomal proton ATPase, produced an accumulation of vesicles, decreased capacitative entry, and induced apoptosis. These data suggest that deregulation of vesicular transport results in reduced capacitative calcium entry which in turn results in apoptosis.  (+info)

A comparison of florfenicol and tilmicosin for the treatment of undifferentiated fever in feedlot calves in western Canada. (8/2885)

A field trial was performed under commercial feedlot conditions in western Canada to compare the efficacy of florfenicol and tilmicosin for the treatment of undifferentiated fever (UF) in calves that received metaphylactic tilmicosin upon arrival at the feedlot. One thousand and eighty recently weaned, auction market derived, crossbred beef calves suffering from UF were allocated to one of 2 experimental groups as follows: florfenicol, which was intramuscular (i.m.) florfenicol administered at the rate of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) at the time of allocation (Day 0) and again 48 h later, or tilmicosin, which was subcutaneous (s.c.) tilmicosin administered once at the rate of 10 mg/kg BW on day 0. Five hundred and forty-four animals were allocated to the florfenicol group and 536 animals were allocated to the tilmicosin group. The chronicity, wastage, overall mortality, and bovine respiratory disease (BRD) mortality rates were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the florfenicol group than in the tilmicosin group. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in first UF relapse, second UF relapse, hemophilosis mortality, or miscellaneous mortality rates between the florfenicol and tilmicosin groups. Average daily gain (ADG) from arrival at the feedlot to the time of implanting and ADG from allocation to the time of implanting were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the florfenicol group as compared with the tilmicosin group. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in arrival weight, allocation weight, implanting weight, or ADG from arrival to allocation between the experimental groups. In the economic analysis, there was an advantage of $18.83 CDN per animal in the florfenicol group. The results of this study indicate that florfenicol is superior to tilmicosin for the treatment of UF because of lower chronicity, wastage, overall mortality, and BRD mortality rates. However, interpretation of these observations must take into consideration the fact that these calves received meta-phylactic tilmicosin upon arrival at the feedlot, which is a standard, cost-effective, management procedure utilized by feedlots in western Canada.  (+info)

Macrolide antibioticsMacrolide antibiotics
Macrolide antibiotics (MA) belong to a group of antibiotics of natural origin and they have been used in therapy of infectious diseases for over half a century.. Macrolide antibiotics have a complex cyclic structure with bacteriostatic mechanism of action. In low concentration of macrolide antibiotics, bacteria do not die, but cease to multiply.. Indications for using all macrolide antibiotics are different types of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections (upper and lower), sexually transmitted infections, oral infections, infections of skin and soft tissues.. In addition, macrolide antibiotics are prescribed in intolerance to cephalosporins and penicillin allergy. Furthermore, macrolide antibiotics are used in the treatment of pertussis. The main advantage of macrolides compared to other antibiotics is their minimal toxicity.. Macrolide antibiotics are subdivided into two classes according to the method of obtaining: natural and semisynthetic. The list of macrolide ...
https://ahefv.com/macrolide-antibiotics/
Prevalence of macrolide resistance mechanisms in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from a multicenter antibiotic resistance...
Two main mechanisms of macrolide resistance have been described in erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (ERSP): a ribosomal methylase, ErmAM, and a macrolide efflux pump, MefE. In this study, we examined the prevalence of these mechanisms in 114 clinical isolates of ERSP from a 30-center study conducted in the United States between November 1994 and April 1995. The isolates were screened by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of known macrolide resistance genes. Seventy (61%) ERSP contained the macrolide efflux gene (mefE), whereas 36 isolates (32%) contained the biosomal methylase gene (ermAM). Isolates that were ermAM-positive had constitutive macrolide resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (for which 90% of isolates were susceptible) of clarithromycin for the efflux-positive strains were much lower than those for the ermAM-positive strains (4 microg/mL vs. |128 microg/mL, respectively). The efflux mechanism is the predominant form of macrolide resistance in the United
https://www.bdi.ox.ac.uk/publications/384051
Macrolides and Phenytoin - Clarithromycin, Macrolides and Opioids, Macrolides and NNRTIs, Macrolides and Mirtazapine,...Macrolides and Phenytoin - Clarithromycin, Macrolides and Opioids, Macrolides and NNRTIs, Macrolides and Mirtazapine,...
Macrolides and Phenytoin - Clarithromycin, Macrolides and Opioids, Macrolides and NNRTIs, Macrolides and Mirtazapine, Macrolides, Ma huang (ephedra), Online Electronic Medical Diagnosis and Drugs, Medications, Articles, Glossary
https://medpill.info/lette-drug_m.htm
ElaiophylinElaiophylin
Elaiophylin is a highly characteristic metabolite produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Elaiophylin inhibits testosterone 5-reductase. Elaiophylin is synergistic with its co-metabolite, rapamycin, as an antifungal. Elaiophylin also has anthelmintic and immunosuppressive activity and inhibits NO synthesis. Elaiophylin displays broad, albeit weak, biological activity against bacteria, nematodes, protozoa and mammalian tumor cells ...
https://www.toku-e.com/Elaiophylin-P3104.aspx
Short Diastereoselective Synthesis of the C1-C13 (AB Spiroacetal) and C17-C28 Fragments (CD Spiroacetal) of Spongistatin 1 and...Short Diastereoselective Synthesis of the C1-C13 (AB Spiroacetal) and C17-C28 Fragments (CD Spiroacetal) of Spongistatin 1 and...
A unique and practical synthetic sequence for rapid access to polyketides and to further the spiroacetals derived from them, which utilizes a bidirectional Hosomi-Sakurai allylation approach around key allylsilanes in the synthesis of the AB and CD ring systems of spongistatin 1 and 2, is reported. The synthesis of the AB spiroacetal 9 requires 13 steps, with a longest linear sequence of seven steps in an overall yield of 27%. The synthesis of the CD spiroacetal 13 requires 15 steps, with a longest linear sequence of 11 steps in an overall yield of 30%. Both syntheses start from but-3-enol.. Keywords: double chain elongation ; enantioselectivity ; Hosomi-Sakurai reaction ; spiro compounds ; spongistatin ; Stereocontrolled Total-Synthesis ; Marine Macrolide Synthesis ; Sponge Hyrtios-Altum ; Formal Total-Synthesis ; Potent Cytotoxic Macrolides ; F-Ring Subunit ; Altohyrtin-A ; Natural-Products ; Modular Approach ; Ef-Fragment. ...
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/172074
Overview: Macrolides possess diverse natural activities and an capability to modulate - How NF-B is activated: the role of the...
90% after the widespread use of chronic erythromycin therapy (157). The characteristics of the clinical response to macrolide therapy are summarized as follows (71 157 202 258 (i) it takes up to 3 months of therapy for macrolides to show a significant effect; (ii) doses that are much lower than the MIC (i.e. low-dose macrolide therapy) are effective; (iii) the effect is seen even when patients are infected with macrolide-resistant bacteria such as (214) Mouse monoclonal to CD152(FITC). and (241 290 Clarithromycin has been shown to improve the transportability of secretions in human subjects (241 290 This mucoregulatory effect is seen even Aliskiren hemifumarate when hypersecretion is not induced by bacteria. Improved mucus transport may be associated with changes in the biophysical properties of secretions as well as with reduced inflammation. Ion transport. Tamaoki and coworkers (289) studied the effects of macrolides on the airway bioelectric current measured in an Ussing chamber. Erythromycin ...
http://cancercurehere.com/?p=2115
Study shows increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac death with Macrolides usage - Cardiac Rhythm NewsStudy shows increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac death with Macrolides usage - Cardiac Rhythm News
The studies were analysed by the researchers from China, who compared patients treated with macrolides to similar patients treated with other antibiotic therapy, or with no antibiotics at all. The collected studies were conducted between 1966 and 2015.. The researchers found an average of 80 cases of ventricular tachyarrhythmias-rapid heartbeat that can lead to sudden cardiac death-per million treatment courses in patients who were not taking macrolides. The current use of macrolides accounted for an additional 118 ventricular tachyarrhythmias or related sudden cardiac deaths per million treatment courses; 36 additional sudden cardiac deaths from causes other than ventricular tachyarrhythmia; and 38 additional cardiovascular deaths per million treatment courses.. Past use of macrolides and use of other antibiotics were not associated with increased cardiovascular risk in the study. In addition, the use of macrolides was not associated with increased all-cause death, possibly because of the ...
https://cardiacrhythmnews.com/study-shows-increased-risk-of-cardiac-arrhythmias-and-cardiac-death-with-macrolides-usage/
Serotype and Genotype Replacement among Macrolide-Resistant Invasive Pneumococci in Adults: Mechanisms of Resistance and...Serotype and Genotype Replacement among Macrolide-Resistant Invasive Pneumococci in Adults: Mechanisms of Resistance and...
The aim of this study was to analyze trends in adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to macrolide-resistant strains and to study the evolution of serotypes, genotypes, and macrolide-resistant determinants of strains collected in a prospective study between 1999 and 2007 in Barcelona, Spain. IPD due to macrolide-resistant strains of serotypes included in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) decreased from 2.16/100,000 (pre-PCV7 period, 1999 to 2001) to 0.80/100,000 (late-PCV7 period, 2005 to 2007) (P = 0.001), whereas IPD due to macrolide-resistant strains of non-PCV7 serotypes increased from 1.08/100,000 to 2.83/100,000 (P , 0.001). These changes were related to a fall of clones of PCV7 serotypes (ST81 [P , 0.05], ST90, ST315, and ST17) and an increase in new clones of serotypes 19A and 24F (ST230) and 33F (ST717) in the late-PCV7 period. The most common phenotype was MLSB (90.9%), related to the erm(B) gene. The frequent association between MLSB phenotype and tetracycline resistance ...
https://jcm.asm.org/content/48/4/1310.abstract
Total synthesis of altohyrtin A (spongistatin 1): an alternative synthesis of the CD-spiroacetal subunit.Total synthesis of altohyrtin A (spongistatin 1): an alternative synthesis of the CD-spiroacetal subunit.
The CD-spiroacetal contg. C16-C28 subunit I, as used in the total synthesis of the potent cytotoxic macrolide altohyrtin A (spongistatin 1), was prepd. by an alternative route using substrate-based stereocontrol in the two aldol bond constructions generating the acyclic precursor II ...
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Comparison of Plasma, Epithelial Lining Fluid, and Alveolar Macrophage Concentrations of Solithromycin (CEM-101) in Healthy...Comparison of Plasma, Epithelial Lining Fluid, and Alveolar Macrophage Concentrations of Solithromycin (CEM-101) in Healthy...
The pharmacokinetics of orally administered solithromycin in healthy subjects have recently been reported (17). Following escalating single doses (50 to 1,600 mg), Cmax and measurements of AUC increased in a greater-than-dose-proportional manner up to 1,200 mg. The mean elimination half-life also increased from 3.16 to 7.42 h over the dosing range evaluated. Administration of a high-fat meal was shown to not affect the oral bioavailability of solithromycin. Moderate amounts of accumulation (1.7 to 2.2 times greater on day 7 than on day 1) were observed after multiple daily doses (200, 400, and 600 mg).. The observed plasma concentrations in our study are similar to those obtained with 400 mg in the multiple-oral-dose pharmacokinetic study of solithromycin (17). The mean (± SD) plasma Cmax of solithromycin in that study was 1.09 ± 0.52 mg/liter (at a mean Tmax of 4.00 h), whereas our observed Cmax was 0.90 ± 0.46 mg/liter (at a mean Tmax of 3.57 h). Similarly, the reported trough plasma ...
https://aac.asm.org/content/56/10/5076?ijkey=52db659916c9985feac40633e9863d6f82397344&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
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Macrolides are the cornerstone of Mycobacterium abscessus multidrug therapy, despite that most patients respond poorly to this class of antibiotics due to the inducible resistance phenotype that occurs during drug treatment. This mechanism is driven by the macrolide-inducible ribosomal methylase encoded by erm(41), whose expression is activated by the... ...
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Conclusions:In observational studies of almost 10,000 critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia, macrolide use was associated with a significant 18% relative (3% absolute) reduction in mortality compared with nonmacrolide therapies. After pooling data from studies that provided adjusted risk estimates, an even larger mortality reduction was observed. These results suggest that macrolides be considered first-line combination treatment in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia and support current guidelines ...
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A synthesis of the hydroxybutenolide (−)- required for synthesis of α-milbemycins and the completion of a total synthesis of milbemycin G is reported.Following preliminary studies, an optimised synthesis of the hydroxybutenolide (−)- from the hydroxyketone was developed which involved the resolution of by separa
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During the last century, infections by S. pyogenes claimed many lives especially since the body is the most important cause of puerperal fever (sepsis after childbirth). Scarlet fever once a serious complication of streptococcal infection, but now, thanks to antibiotic treatment, it is a little more strep throat accompanied by a rash. Similarly, Rose (a type of cellulitis accompanied by fever and systemic toxicity) is less common today. However, there has been a recent increase in the variety, severity and consequences of infection with Streptococcus pyogenes and the resurgence of severe invasive infections, prompting descriptions of skin bacteria eat in the media. A full explanation of inheritance and rebirth is not known. Today, the pathogen of major concern because of sporadic cases of rapidly progressive disease and because of the low risk of serious consequences of untreated infections in. These diseases are a major health problem worldwide, and effort is directed to clarify the risks and ...
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Activities of 16-membered ring macrolides and telithromycin against different genotypes of erythromycin-susceptible and...Activities of 16-membered ring macrolides and telithromycin against different genotypes of erythromycin-susceptible and...
OBJECTIVES: To test four 16-membered macrolides (josamycin, spiramycin, midecamycin and rokitamycin) along with other compounds in the same class (erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin and azithromycin) plus clindamycin and telithromycin, against Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with well-characterized resistance genotypes. METHODS: Four hundred and eighty-six isolates of S. pyogenes and 375 isolates of S. pneumoniae were assayed for their macrolide susceptibilities and investigated by PCR to detect their different erythromycin resistance genes. All strains had been isolated over the period 2002-2003 from specimens of different human origin obtained in 14 different Italian centres. RESULTS: All 16-membered macrolides showed very low MICs (MIC(50)s and MIC(90)s, , or =0.06-0.5 mg/L) for the erythromycin-susceptible isolates and for those with the M phenotype, but the telithromycin MICs for the M-type isolates were at least four times higher (MIC(90)s, 0.5 mg/L). ...
https://pubblicazioni.unicam.it/handle/11581/235334
Antimicrobial susceptibility and genotyping of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates in Beijing, China, from 2014 to 2016 |...Antimicrobial susceptibility and genotyping of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates in Beijing, China, from 2014 to 2016 |...
The presence of macrolide-resistant Myocplasma pneumoniae has been frequently reported in recent years, especially in China. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility and genotype against M. pneumoniae isolates from 2014 to 2016, Beijing. We investigated the activities of four antibiotics against 81 M. pneumoniae isolates in vitro. All isolates were amplification of domains II and V of the 23S rRNA gene and the L4 and L22 ribosomal protein fragments. All isolates were genotyped with duplex real-time PCR, MLVA and VNTR detection in p1 gene. The macrolide resistance rate was 65.4% (53/81). Each of the macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae isolates was resistant to erythromycin (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, MIC, ≥256 μg/ml) and azithromycin (MIC, 2-64 μg/ml), but susceptible to tetracycline and levofloxacin in vitro. Fifty two macrolide-resistant isolates harbored the A2063G mutation, and only 1 macrolide-resistant isolates harbored the A2064G mutation in domain V of the 23S
https://aricjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13756-019-0469-7
Table 1 - Macrolide Resistance in Adults with Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia - Volume 12, Number 8-August 2006 - Emerging...
We conducted a case-control study of adults with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia to identify factors associated with macrolide resistance. Study participants were identified through population-based surveillance in a 5-county region surrounding Philadelphia. Forty-three hospitals contributed 444 patients, who were interviewed by telephone regarding potential risk factors. In multivariable analyses, prior exposure to a macrolide antimicrobial agent (odds ratio [OR] 2.8), prior flu vaccination (OR 2.0), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 4.1) were independently associated with an increased probability of macrolide resistance, and a history of stroke was independently associated with a decreased probability of macrolide resistance (OR 0.2). Fifty-five percent of patients with macrolide-resistant infections reported no antimicrobial drug exposure in the preceding 6 months. Among patients who reported taking antimicrobial agents in the 6 months preceding infection, failure to complete the course of prescribed
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/8/06-0017-t1
Biosynthesis of the Novel Macrolide Antibiotic AnthracimycinBiosynthesis of the Novel Macrolide Antibiotic Anthracimycin
We report the identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the unusual antibiotic anthracimycin (atc) from the marine derived producer strain Streptomyces sp. T676 isolated off St. Johns Island, Singapore. The 53 253 bps atc locus includes a trans-acyltransferase (trans-AT) polyketide syntha …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26349074/
Overcoming the Challenges of Low Drug Solubility in the Intravenous Formulation of Solithromycin<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Overcoming the Challenges of Low Drug Solubility in the Intravenous Formulation of Solithromycin. AU - Evans, Daniel. AU - Yalkowsky, Samuel H. AU - Wu, Sara. AU - Pereira, David. AU - Fernandes, Prabha. PY - 2018/1/1. Y1 - 2018/1/1. N2 - Solithromycin is a fluoro-ketolide (a fourth-generation macrolide) antibiotic that has been undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. In this study, development of the tri-amino acid-buffered solithromycin intravenous (IV) formulation was performed to minimize the occurrence of infusion-associated local adverse events (infusion-site pain or phlebitis) observed in patients who received the tartaric acid-buffered IV formulation with a lower buffered capacity during phase I clinical trials. Development of the tri-amino acids-buffered solithromycin IV formulation was achieved using a dynamic in vitro precipitation model. Computational modeling also supports the superiority of the amino acid-buffered ...
https://arizona.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/overcoming-the-challenges-of-low-drug-solubility-in-the-intraveno
Efficacy and Safety Study of Oral Solithromycin (CEM-101) Compared to Oral Moxifloxacin in Treatment of Patients With Community...Efficacy and Safety Study of Oral Solithromycin (CEM-101) Compared to Oral Moxifloxacin in Treatment of Patients With Community...
Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma with symptoms such as fever or hypothermia, chills, rigors, chest pain, and/or dyspnea. The widespread emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens, including the macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, has resulted in a need for new and effective antibiotics that have activity against CABP pathogens. Solithromycin is a fourth generation macrolide antibiotic with excellent activity against resistant S. pneumoniae and other key typical and atypical bacterial respiratory pathogens. A completed Phase 2 study showed comparable efficacy to levofloxacin in adults with CABP ...
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Meta-analysis of bacterial resistance to macrolides : Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - oi
Objectives: Understanding changing resistance patterns is important in determining appropriate antibiotic treatments. This meta-analysis systematically evaluated resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes to macrolide antibiotics among patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections.. Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched and experts were consulted to identify published and unpublished literature reporting macrolide resistance rates. Identified studies were evaluated by two independent reviewers; those meeting a priori specified criteria (resistance by patient condition and strain, resistance thresholds, 1997-2003 isolates) were included. Data from included studies were abstracted by two independent reviewers using a standard review form. Discrepancies in abstracted data were resolved by the study investigator.. Results: Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for outcomes present in at least four studies overall and for specified subgroups. ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/jac/dki060
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Fluoroquinolone and Macrolide Treatment Failure in Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Selection of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates -...
Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3, isolated from a penicillin-allergic patient and initially susceptible to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, lincosamides, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and telithromycin, became resistant to all these drugs during treatment. Mutations in the parC and gyrA and in the 23S rRNA and the ribosomal protein L22 genes were detected in the resistant isolates.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/9/9/02-0810_article
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Multiple deletions in the polyketide synthase gene repertoire of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveal functional overlap of cell...Multiple deletions in the polyketide synthase gene repertoire of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveal functional overlap of cell...
For years, the discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo data have long interfered with our understanding of the role of polyketide-derived lipids in Mtb pathogenicity. Indeed, the biological activities described for polyketide-derived lipids were consistent with their contribution to the interaction between Mtb and its host and to its virulence: for example, SL can modulate host cell responses, including phagosome-lysosome fusion and cytokine production (Goren et al., 1976; Pabst et al., 1988; Zhang et al., 1988; Brozna et al., 1991), and DAT/PAT can strongly inhibit the proliferation of T cells (Saavedra et al., 2001), and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Lee et al., 2007). However, investigations in vivo showing no phenotype for Mtb mutants deficient in the synthesis of SL or DAT/PAT, or both (Converse et al., 2003; Rousseau et al., 2003a,b; Chesne-Seck et al., 2008) did not support a role in pathogenesis of Mtb. In this study, we established that: (i) polyketide-derived lipids ...
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The Role of Macrolide Antibiotics in Increasing Cardiovascular Risk | JACC: Journal of the American College of CardiologyThe Role of Macrolide Antibiotics in Increasing Cardiovascular Risk | JACC: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
The present meta-analysis, involving 20,819,622 individuals from 33 studies, found significantly increased risk of SCD or VTA, cardiovascular death, and MI in users of macrolides. This association with increased CV risk seemed to be present with current use of macrolides and disappeared for former use. In stratified analysis, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin were associated with increased risk of SCD or VTA and azithromycin and clarithromycin with increased risk of CV death, but only clarithromycin was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality. In terms of absolute risk, use of macrolides would account for an estimated 118.1 SCD or VTAs, 36.6 SCDs, and 38.2 cardiac deaths per 1 million courses.. Interpretation of the clinical importance of this finding is delicate. The estimates for additional SCDs and cardiac deaths per 1 million treatment courses are remarkably close, suggesting that most VTA observed in the macrolide groups might not result in fatal outcomes. The ...
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/66/20/2173
Macrolides resistance of common bacteria isolated from TaiwanMacrolides resistance of common bacteria isolated from Taiwan
To determine the susceptibility to macrolides of common pathogenic bacteria isolated from Taiwan, the in vitro activities of erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and dirithromycin were tested against 492 clinical isolates of eight different bacteria, collected from the National …
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Spinosad is a member of the spinosyns class of insecticides, which are non-antibacterial tetracyclic macrolides. Spinosad contains two major factors, spinosyn A and spinosyn D, derived from the naturally occurring bacterium, Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Spinosyn A and spinosyn D have the chemical compositions 2-[(6-deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl- -L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-13-[[5-dimethylamino)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy]-9-ethyl-2,3,3a,5a,5b,6,9,10,11,12,13,14,16a,16b-tetradecahydro-14-methyl-1 H-as-Indaceno[3,2-d]oxacyclododecin-7, 15-dione and 2-[(6-deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl- -L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-13-[[5-dimethylamino)-tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl] oxy]-9-ethyl-2,3,3a,5a,5b,6,9,10,11,12,13,14, 16a,16b-tetradecahydro-4,14-dimethyl-1 H-as-Indaceno[3,2-d] oxacyclododecin-7,15-dione, respectively ...
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Methymycin
Literature References: Antibiotic substance produced by a streptomycete from soil near Oswego, N.Y. Has a macrolide structure (12-membered lactone ring, compare Picromycin). Isoln and antibacterial activity: Donin et al., Antibiot. Annu. 1, 179 (1953-4). Production using Streptomyces venezuelae cultures: Dutcher et al., US 2916483 (1959 to Olin Mathieson). Structure: C. Djerassi, J. A. Zderic, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 6390 (1956). Absolute configuration: Rickards, Smith, Tetrahedron Lett. 1970, 1025; Manwaring et al., ibid. 1029. Biosynthesis: Birch et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1964, 5274. Synthesis: Masamune et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 97, 3512 (1975). Possible mechanism of action: Wilhelm et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1967, 236. ...
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Welcome to CDC stacks | Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - 17950 | Emerging Infectious DiseasesWelcome to CDC stacks | Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - 17950 | Emerging Infectious Diseases
The plasmid-borne mph(A) gene that confers resistance to azithromycin and has recently emerged in Shigella sonnei is present in multidrug- and non-multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from 4 continents. Further spread of mph(A) to Shigella and Salmonella spp. may be expected ...
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We observed a slightly increased risk of breast cancer with antibiotic use overall with minimal, if any, evidence for a dose-response relationship. Only two antibiotic groups, tetracyclines and macrolides, showed HRs of ,1.1 for ,100 days of use, and the 95% CI for macrolides overlapped 1.0. Tetracyclines showed some evidence of dose response. Lincosamide use documented in an earlier, smaller database was associated with breast cancer risk in longer-term follow-up than is yet available for the more recent pharmacy (PIMS) cohort. This association could not be adequately reevaluated and could have been due to chance.. Chance sampling variation is an unlikely explanation for the small increase in risk seen for use of any antibiotic of up to 500 days, given the narrow confidence intervals (Table 1). A more likely explanation for small increases in risk is uncontrolled confounding. The use of antibiotics for symptoms of breast cancer before it was diagnosed was ruled out by the similarity of findings ...
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Figure 5b - ERSFigure 5b - ERS
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MacrolideMacrolide
Some macrolides have antibiotic or antifungal activity and are used as pharmaceutical drugs. Rapamycin is also a macrolide and ... Macrolides are actively concentrated within leukocytes, and thus are transported into the site of infection. The macrolide ... Macrolides are protein synthesis inhibitors. The mechanism of action of macrolides is inhibition of bacterial protein ... Cruentaren is another example of an antifungal macrolide. A variety of toxic macrolides produced by bacteria have been isolated ...
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Macrolide 2-kinaseMacrolide 2'-kinase
In enzymology, a macrolide 2'-kinase (EC 2.7.1.136) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + oleandomycin ⇌ {\ ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:macrolide 2'-O-phosphotransferase. O'Hara K, Kanda T, Kono M (June 1988). " ...
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ErythromycinErythromycin
It is in the macrolide family of antibiotics and works by decreasing bacterial protein production. Erythromycin was first ... March 2014). "Use of macrolides in mother and child and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: nationwide cohort ... Edmunds MW, Mayhew MS (2009). "Chapter 61: Macrolides". Pharmacology for the primary care provider (Third ed.). Saint Louis, ... Pal S (2006). "A journey across the sequential development of macrolides and ketolides related to erythromycin". Tetrahedron. ...
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CruentarenCruentaren
... s are a group of macrolides secreted by the myxobacteria Byssovorax cruenta. There are two isomers (cruentaren A and ... a new antifungal salicylate-type macrolide from Byssovorax cruenta (Myxobacteria) with inhibitory effect on mitochondrial ...
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ClindamycinClindamycin
This is because of the activity of the macrolide-inducible plasmid-encoded erm gene. To perform a D-test, an agar plate is ... It is a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor by inhibiting ribosomal translocation, in a similar way to macrolides. It does so ... Its similarity to the mechanism of action of macrolides and chloramphenicol means they should not be given simultaneously, as ... Gold HS, Moellering RC (1999). "Macrolides and clindamycin". In Root, Richard E., Francis Waldvogel, Lawrence Corey, Walter E. ...
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Elias James CoreyElias James Corey
Nicolaou, K. C. (1977). "Synthesis of macrolides". Tetrahedron. 33 (7): 683-710. doi:10.1016/0040-4020(77)80180-4. Corey, E. J ... Nicolaou, K. C. (1974). "Efficient and mild lactonization method for the synthesis of macrolides". JACS. 96 (17): 5614-5616. ...
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Streptomyces ruberStreptomyces ruber
Polyene Macrolides from". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 89 (6): 1535-1536. doi:10.1021/ja00982a052. PMID 6041359. ... Polyene Macrolides from". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 89 (6): 1535-1536. doi:10.1021/ja00982a052. PMID 6041359. ...
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Ring-closing metathesisRing-closing metathesis
The macrolide contains a 14-member heterocycle that was formed through RCM. The metathesis reaction yielded the protected ... In 2003, Danishefsky and others reported the total synthesis of (+)-migrastatin, a macrolide isolated from Streptomyces which ... Villemin, D. (1980). "Synthese de Macrolides par Metathese". Tetrahedron Lett. 21 (18): 1715-1718. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00) ... Syntheses of Civetone and Macrolides". Tetrahedron Lett. 21 (31): 2955-2958. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(80)88007-5. Warwel, S.; ...
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AzalideAzalide
Following the clinical overuse of macrolides and azalides, ketolides have been developed to combat surfacing macrolide-azalide ... Azalides such as azithromycin are a class of macrolide antibiotics that were originally manufactured in response to the poor ... Azalides feature a nitrogen atom in their 15-membered macrolide ring resulting in improved pharmacokinetic properties and ... Pai, Manjunath P. (2018), "Macrolides, Azalides, and Ketolides", Drug Interactions in Infectious Diseases: Antimicrobial Drug ...
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NargenicinNargenicin
... (CP-47,444, CS-682) is a 28 carbon macrolide with a fused tricyclic core that has in addition a unique ether bridge ... Cane DE, Prabhakaran PC, Tan W, Ott WR (1991). "Macrolide Biosynthesis. 6 Mechanism of Polyketide Chain Elongation". ...
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Polyene antimycoticPolyene antimycotic
They are a subgroup of macrolides. Their chemical structures feature a large ring of atoms (in essence, a cyclic ester ring) ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Antifungals, Macrolides, Polyenes, All stub ... Volpon, Laurent; Lancelin, Jean-Marc (2002). "Solution NMR structure of five representative glycosylated polyene macrolide ... Hamilton-Miller (1973). "Chemistry and Biology of the Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics". Bacteriological Reviews. American Society ...
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Kingella kingaeKingella kingae
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LincosamidesLincosamides
"Nomenclature for Macrolide and Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Resistance Determinants". Antimicrobial Agents and ... Macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from hospital patients in Eastern Europe and North America were found to ... In a mechanism similar to macrolides and streptogramin B, lincosamides bind close to the peptidyl transferase center on the 23S ... The Mechanism of Action of Macrolides, Lincosamides and Streptogramin B Reveals the Nascent Peptide Exit Path in the Ribosome ...
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Commonly prescribed drugsCommonly prescribed drugs
Patel, Parth H.; Hashmi, Muhammad F. (2021), "Macrolides", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID ... Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Clindamycin, Streptogramins, & Linezolid , Katzung & Trevor's Pharmacology: ...
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DesosamineDesosamine
As the name suggests, these macrolide antibiotics contain a macrolide or lactone ring and they are attached to the ring ... Macrolide antibiotics that contain Desosamine as an amino sugar in their chemical structures sometimes encounter drug-resistant ... It is found in combination with the smaller macrolide rings, always attached at C-3 or C-5 of the aglycone. Alkaline ... Borisova SA, Zhao L, Sherman DH, Liu HW (July 1999). "Biosynthesis of desosamine: construction of a new macrolide carrying a ...
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Streptomyces cavourensisStreptomyces cavourensis
Xu, Wenping; Zhang, Daojing; Si, Congcong; Tao, Liming (21 November 2013). "Antifungal Macrolides from Streptomyces cavourensis ...
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Streptogramin AStreptogramin A
Vannuffel, P.; Cocito, C. (1996). "Mechanism of action of streptogramins and macrolides". Drugs. 51: 20-30. doi:10.2165/ ... Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Macrolide antibiotics, Oxazoles, Polyketides). ...
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Diffuse panbronchiolitisDiffuse panbronchiolitis
Schultz MJ (July 2004). "Macrolide activities beyond their antimicrobial effects: macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis and ... Macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin, are an effective treatment for DPB when taken regularly over an extended period of ... Macrolides also reduce the efficiency of adhesion molecules that allow neutrophils to stick to bronchiolar tissue linings. ... Lin X, Lu J, Yang M, Dong BR, Wu HM (January 2015). "Macrolides for diffuse panbronchiolitis". The Cochrane Database of ...
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Streptomyces albofaciensStreptomyces albofaciens
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Streptomyces ambofaciensStreptomyces ambofaciens
Epp, Janet K.; Huber, M.L.B.; Turner, J.R.; Goodson, Theodore; Schoner, Brigitte E. (1989). "Production of a hybrid macrolide ... ISBN 978-3-0348-6776-4. Q. Ashton Acton (2012). Macrolides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition. ... "Identification of a bioactive 51-membered macrolide complex by activation of a silent polyketide synthase in Streptomyces ...
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Dactylosporangium aurantiacumDactylosporangium aurantiacum
One subspecies, hamdenesis, produces a number of 18-membered macrolide antibiotics called tiacumicins as a byproduct of ... a novel complex of 18-membered macrolides. II. Isolation and structure determination". The Journal of Antibiotics. 40 (5): 575- ...
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Halichondrin BHalichondrin B
... is a polyether macrolide originally isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai by Hirata and Uemura in ... Hirata Y, Uemura D (1986). "Halichondrins - antitumor polyether macrolides from a marine sponge". Pure Appl. Chem. 58 (5): 701- ...
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Protein synthesis inhibitorProtein synthesis inhibitor
Macrolides (as well as inhibiting ribosomal translocation and other potential mechanisms) bind to the 50s ribosomal subunits, ... Macrolides, clindamycin and aminoglycosides (with all these three having other potential mechanisms of action as well), have ... Macrolides and clindamycin (both also having other potential mechanisms) cause premature dissociation of the peptidyl-tRNA from ... Protein synthesis inhibitors: macrolides mechanism of action animation. Classification of agents Pharmamotion. Author: Gary ...
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Human interactions with fungiHuman interactions with fungi
So also are the immunosuppressant macrolides, the cyclosporins. The cholesterol-lowering drugs, the statins, were initially ...
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Bartonella bacilliformisBartonella bacilliformis
Recently macrolides have been used with similar effectiveness. Zeaiter Z, Liang Z, Raoult D (2002). "Genetic classification and ...
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TiacumicinTiacumicin
... s are a family of macrolide antibiotics derived from Dactylosporangium aurantiacum subspecies hamdenesis subspecies ... v t e (All stub articles, Antibiotic stubs, Macrolide antibiotics). ... a novel complex of 18-membered macrolides. II. Isolation and structure determination". The Journal of Antibiotics. 40 (5): 575- ...
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EribulinEribulin
ISBN 978-0-8493-1863-4.[page needed] Hirata Y, Uemura D (1986-01-01). "Halichondrins - antitumor polyether macrolides from a ...
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Opportunistic infectionOpportunistic infection
Schroeder MR, Stephens DS (2016-09-21). "Macrolide Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection ...
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JosamycinJosamycin
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MacrocinMacrocin
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Browsing by Subject MacrolidesBrowsing by Subject "Macrolides"
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Lyme Disease Medication: Tetracyclines, Penicillins, Macrolides, Cephalosporins, 3rd Generation, Cephalosporins, 2nd Generation...Lyme Disease Medication: Tetracyclines, Penicillins, Macrolides, Cephalosporins, 3rd Generation, Cephalosporins, 2nd Generation...
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Browsing by Subject MacrolidesBrowsing by Subject "Macrolides"
Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in adults with community acquired pneumonia: challenges and risks  ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?locale-attribute=en&authority=Macrolides&type=mesh
Toxoplasmosis Medication: Sulfonamide, Antibiotics, Other, Lincosamide Antimicrobials, Antiprotozoal Agents, Macrolides,...Toxoplasmosis Medication: Sulfonamide, Antibiotics, Other, Lincosamide Antimicrobials, Antiprotozoal Agents, Macrolides,...
Macrolides. Class Summary. Spiramycin is a macrolide antibiotic with an antibacterial spectrum similar to erythromycin and ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/229969-medication
Current version of study NCT02960503 on ClinicalTrials.govCurrent version of study NCT02960503 on ClinicalTrials.gov
Macrolide Therapy to Improve Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease. The safety and scientific ... Macrolide Therapy to Improve Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease: a Feasibility Trial. ... Macrolides have pleomorphic effects in the lung with improvement in pulmonary function, symptoms and inflammatory markers ... The objective of this project is to assess the feasibility of macrolides to attenuate or reverse the decrease in %predicted ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02960503
Macrolides, Ophthalmic | Drug, OTCs & Herbals | Medscape ReferenceMacrolides, Ophthalmic | Drug, OTCs & Herbals | Medscape Reference
Macrolides, Ophthalmic: Dosing, Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Patient Handouts, Pricing and more from Medscape Reference ...
https://reference.medscape.com/drugs/macrolides-ophthalmic
PREDICTION OF THE IN VIVO INTERACTION BETWEEN MIDAZOLAM AND MACROLIDES BASED ON IN VITRO STUDIES USING HUMAN LIVER MICROSOMES |...PREDICTION OF THE IN VIVO INTERACTION BETWEEN MIDAZOLAM AND MACROLIDES BASED ON IN VITRO STUDIES USING HUMAN LIVER MICROSOMES |...
... liver-to-blood concentration ratio of macrolides, unbound fraction of macrolides in blood, macrolide concentration in the liver ... Various types of macrolide antibiotics are now being used in clinical practice. It has been demonstrated that macrolides ... The contribution of CYP3A to the total elimination of macrolides in the liver is small (i.e., the elimination of a macrolide ... For macrolides: where Vliver and Vpv represent the volume of liver and portal vein, respectively; Vsys represents the volume of ...
https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/31/7/945?ijkey=54f8fe0f73fd3dac8c40751ff84e144665709246&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Macrolide Antibiotics: Risk for Epilepsy or Cerebral PalsyMacrolide Antibiotics: Risk for Epilepsy or Cerebral Palsy
Macrolide Antibiotics in Pregnancy Increase Babys Risk for Epilepsy or Cerebral Palsy. Posted: March 31, 2015. ... The incidence of cerebral palsy or epilepsy in children whose mothers took macrolides was 254.6 per 100,000 child-years-at-risk ... "There is now a large body of evidence of adverse effects of macrolides in different populations, during pregnancy and in adults ... "The suggestion of a risk with the use of macrolide antibiotics during pregnancy should be treated with great caution," Rain ...
https://www.yourlawyer.com/newsinferno/macrolide-antibiotics-in-pregnancy-increase-babys-risk-for-epilepsy-or-cerebral-palsy/
Statin Toxicity From Macrolide Antibiotic Coprescription | Semantic ScholarStatin Toxicity From Macrolide Antibiotic Coprescription | Semantic Scholar
Statin Toxicity From Macrolide Antibiotic Coprescription. @article{Patel2013StatinTF, title={Statin Toxicity From Macrolide ... Clinical manifestation of macrolide antibiotic toxicity in CKD and dialysis patients. *T. Ma, K. Chow, A. Choy, B. C. Kwan, C. ... Statin-macrolide interaction risk: a population-based study throughout a general practice database. *N. Piacentini, G. Trifirò ... Concomitant use of statins and macrolide antibiotics and risk of serious renal events: A nationwide cohort study.. *M. Lund, H ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Statin-Toxicity-From-Macrolide-Antibiotic-Patel-Shariff/970b23873a9242fdb665071dc9558bdf511bad38
Elucidation of the biosynthetic gene cluster for palmerolide A, a potent marine macrolide from an Antarctic ascidian - DRIElucidation of the biosynthetic gene cluster for palmerolide A, a potent marine macrolide from an Antarctic ascidian - DRI
Elucidation of the biosynthetic gene cluster for palmerolide A, a potent marine macrolide from an Antarctic ascidian. Oct 19, ... Elucidation of the biosynthetic gene cluster for palmerolide A, a potent marine macrolide from an Antarctic ascidian ... a potent marine macrolide from an Antarctic ascidian, Pacifichem 2021 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin ...
https://www.dri.edu/publication/12781/
Prevent an increase in the proportion of macrolide antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter infections - FS‑06 - Healthy People 2030...Prevent an increase in the proportion of macrolide antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter infections - FS‑06 - Healthy People 2030...
Careful use of macrolide antibiotics and strategies that reduce antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in animals raised for food ... Every year, many people get Campylobacter jejuni infections that are resistant to the macrolide class of antibiotics. ... are critical for preventing macrolide antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in humans. ... Careful use of macrolide antibiotics and strategies that reduce antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in animals raised for food ...
https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/foodborne-illness/prevent-increase-proportion-macrolide-antibiotic-resistant-campylobacter-infections-fs-06
WHO EMRO | Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in adults with community acquired pneumonia: challenges and risks | Volume...
Detection of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae should be considered if patients did not respond to the macrolide regimen (6). ... characteristics of macrolide-resistant M. pneumonia and macrolide-susceptible M. pneumonia are similar (6). In addition, ... Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in adults with community acquired pneumonia: challenges and risks ... Currently, macrolides are considered as first line agents to treat atypical community-acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae, ...
http://www.emro.who.int/fr/emhj-volume-26-2020/volume-26-issue-2/macrolide-resistant-mycoplasma-pneumoniae-in-adults-with-community-acquired-pneumonia-challenges-and-risks.html
Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from Argentinian pediatric patients suffering from acute otitis mediaMacrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from Argentinian pediatric patients suffering from acute otitis media
Palabras clave : Streptococcus pneumoniae; Acute otitis media; Macrolide resistance. · resumen en Español · texto en Inglés · ... Macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerged in Argentina in 1995, representing 26% of invasive infection isolates in ... The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of ermB and mefA genes in macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae ... This is the first study assessing the mechanisms of macrolide resistance in pneumococci isolates from pediatric AOM in ...
http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0325-75412013000400008&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
macrolides | NAL Agricultural Thesaurusmacrolides | NAL Agricultural Thesaurus
Research, Technology, Methods , chemical substances , chemical compounds , organic compounds , esters , lactones , macrolides ...
https://agclass.nal.usda.gov/vocabularies/nalt/concept?uri=https%3A//lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/8121
Macrolide Antibiotics: No Link With Increased Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmia, Mortality in Cohort Study | tctmd.comMacrolide Antibiotics: No Link With Increased Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmia, Mortality in Cohort Study | tctmd.com
Macrolide Antibiotics: No Link With Increased Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmia, Mortality in Cohort Study By Michael ORiordan ... Macrolide antibiotics and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in older adults. CMAJ 2016;Epub ahead of print.. 2. Food and Drug ... "Although caution should be exercised when prescribing macrolide antibiotics to high-risk patients in whom drug clearance or ... Use of a macrolide antibiotic, including azithromycin, clarithromycin, or erythromycin, is not associated with an increased ...
https://www.tctmd.com/news/macrolide-antibiotics-no-link-increased-risk-ventricular-arrhythmia-mortality-cohort-study
Mycoplasma genitalium co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among asymptomatic patients: the silent...Mycoplasma genitalium co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among asymptomatic patients: the silent...
... the silent wick for macrolide resistance spread ...
https://sti.bmj.com/content/95/5/391.share
Spirastrellolide A, an antimitotic macrolide isolated from the Caribbean Marine Sponge Spirastrella Coccinea | UBC ChemistrySpirastrellolide A, an antimitotic macrolide isolated from the Caribbean Marine Sponge Spirastrella Coccinea | UBC Chemistry
Spirastrellolide A, an antimitotic macrolide isolated from the Caribbean Marine Sponge Spirastrella Coccinea. ... Spirastrellolide A, an antimitotic macrolide isolated from the Caribbean Marine Sponge Spirastrella Coccinea. ... Spirastrellolide A, an antimitotic macrolide isolated from the Caribbean Marine Sponge Spirastrella Coccinea ...
https://www.chem.ubc.ca/spirastrellolide-antimitotic-macrolide-isolated-caribbean-marine-sponge-spirastrella-coccinea
Abstract 2179: Macrolide toxin Mycalolide B is a potent inhibitor of HER2 cancer cell invasion and is the basis of actin...Abstract 2179: Macrolide toxin Mycalolide B is a potent inhibitor of HER2 cancer cell invasion and is the basis of actin...
Macrolide toxin Mycalolide B is a potent inhibitor of HER2 cancer cell invasion and is the basis of actin targeted therapy for ... Abstract 2179: Macrolide toxin Mycalolide B is a potent inhibitor of HER2 cancer cell invasion and is the basis of actin ... Rodette N. Williams, Andrew W. Craig, John S. Allingham; Abstract 2179: Macrolide toxin Mycalolide B is a potent inhibitor of ... In this study, we tested an actin-depolymerizing macrolide toxin Mycalolide B, as a potential suppressor of highly metastatic ...
https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/76/14_Supplement/2179/609325/Abstract-2179-Macrolide-toxin-Mycalolide-B-is-a
Development of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae and mutations...Development of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae and mutations...
Chlamydia pneumoniae and mutations associated with macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae from respiratory clinical ... The obtained results were compared to those obtained by reference PCRs or confirmed by sequencing (typing of macrolide ... Four M. pneumoniae strains with macrolide resistance-associated mutations were identified among 42 strains, which comprises 9.5 ... pneumoniae and the most common mutations leading to macrolide resistance in M. pneumoniae. The assay is a widely useful tool ...
https://eurekamag.com/research/057/601/057601206.php
Case series of long-term macrolide therapy effect on eosinophil count in COPD - Nuffield Department of Medicine
Case series of long-term macrolide therapy effect on eosinophil count in COPD Share Share Share ... Case series of long-term macrolide therapy effect on eosinophil count in COPD ...
https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/871682
Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis, Vietnam, 2016−2017Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis, Vietnam, 2016−2017
Macrolide Resistance-associated 23S rRNA Mutation in Mycoplasma genitalium, Japan Cite CITE. Title : Macrolide Resistance- ... Macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis emerged in Vietnam during 2016-2017. Direct analyses of swab samples from 10 patients ... Title : Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis, Vietnam, 2016−2017 Personal Author(s) : Kamachi, Kazunari;Duong, Hong T.;Dang ... We identified the MT104 genotype of macrolide-resistant B. pertussis (which is prevalent in mainland China) and its variants in ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/94761
Macrolide susceptibility and serotype specific macrolide resistance of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Germany...Macrolide susceptibility and serotype specific macrolide resistance of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Germany...
The current study was undertaken against the background of the recent observation of declining macrolide resistance rates ... From 1992 to 2008, data on macrolide susceptibility were available for 11,807 invasive isolates. 8,834 isolates (74.8%) were ... There has been a considerable and statistically significant decrease in macrolide nonsusceptibility in Germany since 2005, ... Macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae has been on a gradual increase in Germany for over a decade. ...
https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2180-10-299
View of Profile of the resistance to macrolides and imidazoles of Helicobacter pylori in a sample of the Portuguese population.View of Profile of the resistance to macrolides and imidazoles of Helicobacter pylori in a sample of the Portuguese population.
Return to Article Details Profile of the resistance to macrolides and imidazoles of Helicobacter pylori in a sample of the ...
https://actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/2365/1783
Macrolides for Exacerbation Prevention in Bronchiectasis
Do the benefits of macrolide therapy in bronchiectasis outweigh the risks? ... If you think about it, in this study they put more than 70 patients on a macrolide 3 times weekly for a year -- more than 5000 ... A large number of patients were taking a macrolide, so the question isnt about the internal validity of the data. The trial ... This is the same issue that we have with the data on COPD exacerbations and prevention with macrolides. Clearly, the study in ...
http://www.staging.medscape.com/viewarticle/774773
The differential effect of clarithromycin and azithromycin on induction of macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus. -...
Conclusion: Both macrolides induce resistance similarly, and this should not be an argument in choosing either macrolide for ... It is contested whether macrolides differ in erm(41) induction. We determine whether this is the case. Methods: M. abscessus ... Erm(41) expression was increased following exposure to either macrolide for 7 days. ... Despite erm(41)-gene-mediated macrolide resistance, treatment with azithromycin or clarithromycin is recommended. ...
https://www.tropicalmedicine.ox.ac.uk/publications/1145013
Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotic exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomaly: A European...Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotic exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomaly: A European...
Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotic exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomaly: A European ... Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotic exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomaly: A European ... Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotic exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomaly- A European ... Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotic exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomaly : A European ...
https://research.rug.nl/nl/publications/macrolide-and-lincosamide-antibiotic-exposure-in-the-first-trimes
7983 factsheet macrolides - HealthforAnimals7983 factsheet macrolides - HealthforAnimals
HealthforAnimals represents the animal health sector: manufacturers of veterinary pharmaceuticals, vaccines and other animal health products throughout the world, as well as the associations that represent companies at national and regional levels (referred to as Members).. ...
https://www.healthforanimals.org/7983_factsheet-macrolides-2/
Macrolides Archives - Mpelembe NetworkMacrolides Archives - Mpelembe Network
Macrolides, Medicine, Polyenes, Randomized controlled trial, Sirolimusadmin ...
https://mpelembe.net/index.php/tag/macrolides/
AntibioticsAntibioticAzithromycinErythromycinFluoroquinolonesMechanisms of macrolide resistanceCharacteristics of macrolide-resistantMutations associated with macrolideLong-term macrolideDeclining macrolide resistanceIsolatesPneumoniaeSpecific macrolideBeta-haemolytic streptococciClinicalTacrolimusMycoplasmaLincosamidesStatistically significantLactamVivoLincosamidePenicillinAntibacterialInfectionsInhibit2021Adverse effectsPatientsNeisseriaConcomitantAdultsEmergenceResultsBelongExposureConclusion
Antibiotics40
  • Several macrolide antibiotics are known to be mechanism-based inhibitors of CYP3A, a cytochrome P450 isoform responsible for midazolam hydroxylation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The aim of the present study was to quantitatively predict in vivo drug interactions in humans involving macrolide antibiotics with different inhibitory potencies based on in vitro studies. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Macrolide antibiotics have now been used to treat a variety of infectious diseases for several decades and are often coadministered with other drugs. (aspetjournals.org)
  • A new study from researchers at University College London reports a slightly increased risk of epilepsy or cerebral palsy for babies whose mothers take macrolide antibiotics during pregnancy. (yourlawyer.com)
  • The suggestion of a risk with the use of macrolide antibiotics during pregnancy should be treated with great caution," Rain warns. (yourlawyer.com)
  • Concomitant use of statins and macrolide antibiotics and risk of serious renal events: A nationwide cohort study. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Every year, many people get Campylobacter jejuni infections that are resistant to the macrolide class of antibiotics. (health.gov)
  • Careful use of macrolide antibiotics and strategies that reduce antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in animals raised for food are critical for preventing macrolide antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in humans. (health.gov)
  • Use of a macrolide antibiotic, including azithromycin, clarithromycin, or erythromycin, is not associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia or mortality at 30 days when compared with nonmacrolide antibiotics, according to the results of a large cohort study. (tctmd.com)
  • The increased risk with the macrolide antibiotics, and the subsequent FDA warning, was later challenged by other studies, however, with one showing that mortality was no higher at 90 days in patients treated with azithromycin compared with those who received other antibiotics. (tctmd.com)
  • In total, 503,612 individuals treated with a macrolide antibiotic were propensity matched with individuals prescribed nonmacrolide antibiotics, including amoxicillin, cefuroxime, or levofloxacin. (tctmd.com)
  • In an email to TCTMD, senior investigator Amit Garg, MD, also of Western University, said the findings should reassure healthcare providers who prescribe macrolide antibiotics to their patients. (tctmd.com)
  • Macrolide antibiotics and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in older adults. (tctmd.com)
  • This study investigated the risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) and other congenital anomalies (CA) associated with first trimester use of macrolide antibiotics (mainly erythromycin, spiramycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin) and lincosamides (clindamycin) using a case-malformed control design. (rug.nl)
  • The macrolides are a group of drugs (typically antibiotics) whose activity stems from the presence of a macrolide ring, a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. (newmedicalterms.com)
  • Ketolides are antibiotics belonging to the macrolide group. (newmedicalterms.com)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Structure/function relationship in macrolide polyene antibiotics. (who.int)
  • The transport of commercially available macrolide antibiotics erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, and telithromycin was studied by PAMPA, a model of passive diffusion, and by two models of active transport, Caco-2 and MDCKII-hMDR1. (irb.hr)
  • Macrolide antibiotics are reported to modulate the production of cytokines in various type of cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We examined the effect of macrolide antibiotics on inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) and chemical mediator (PGE 2 ) and also matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) productions by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effect of macrolide antibiotics [erythromycin (EM), azithromycin (AZM) and josamycin (JOM)] on HGFs proliferation were examined by MTT assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HGFs were treated with LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis (PgLPS) and macrolide antibiotics, and IL-6, IL-8 and PGE 2 levels were evaluated by ELISA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All macrolide antibiotics did not alter MMPs production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results indicate that macrolide antibiotics have no direct anti-inflammatory effect. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results suggest macrolide antibiotics have an indirect anti-inflammatory effect as a result of their antimicrobial properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To date, the effects of macrolide antibiotics on periodontal disease are examined in vitro and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Macrolide antibiotics are be classified into 14-, 15 and 16-membered ring. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These reports suggest that the combined application of macrolide antibiotics, in particular AMZ, is effective for periodontal disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, several reports showed that macrolide antibiotics modulate the production of inflammatory cytokine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, the latter phenomena mean that macrolide antibiotics have direct anti-inflammatory effect. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, we consider the examination is interesting whether macrolide antibiotics modulate inflammatory response in periodontal disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Azithromycin belongs to the class of drugs known as macrolide antibiotics. (drugs.com)
  • However, recent data on the in vivo efficacy of these macrolide antibiotics are scarce. (bioone.org)
  • Macrolide antibiotics are cornerstones in the treatment of Mycobacterium massiliense lung disease. (elsevier.com)
  • Clarithromycin, the active substance of Remeclar, belongs to the group of antibiotics called macrolides. (nafarma.com)
  • Biaxin belongs to a group of macrolide antibiotics, which inhibit bacterial synthesis of protein. (pcostracker.app)
  • Do not use this drug if you are allergic to erythromycin and any of its derivatives or related macrolide antibiotics. (pcostracker.app)
  • Biaxin cannot be administered in patients with a known hypersensitivity to clarithromycin, erythromycin, or any of the macrolide antibiotics. (pcostracker.app)
  • have had a severe allergic reaction to certain antibiotics known as macrolides or ketolides including azithromycin and erythromycin. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Dose correction is needed if this medication is co-administered with other drugs for erectile dysfunction, certain antifungal medicines such as itraconazole or ketoconazole, macrolide antibiotics such as clarithromycin or erythromycin, other antibiotics such as erythromycin, ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), indinavir (Crixivan) and ritonavir (Norvir), medicine for high blood pressure, or HIV protease inhibitors such as indinavir (Crixivan) and ritonavir (Norvir). (canadianmopharmacy.com)
Antibiotic13
  • The researchers found no association between mothers who had been prescribed any type of antibiotic and cerebral palsy or epilepsy, but did find a slightly increased risk of cerebral palsy or epilepsy in the children of mothers who had been prescribed macrolides compared with penicillin. (yourlawyer.com)
  • He points out that hundreds of millions of adults are prescribed a macrolide antibiotic each year-more than 57 million prescriptions were written in 2010-and that given the lack of harm observed in their analysis, the FDA should review all available clinical evidence to determine if a change in the warning is necessary. (tctmd.com)
  • Antibiotic macrolides are used to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. (newmedicalterms.com)
  • Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic similar to erythromycin and azithromycin, is effective against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and is used for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori -associated peptic ulcer disease, community-acquired pneumonia, sinusitis, and chronic bronchitis. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Tablets of Azee 500 is part of an antibiotic class known as macrolides, which are use to treat certain bacteria-relate infections. (vedyou.com)
  • Penicillins and macrolides were the most common antibiotic categories prescribed. (nih.gov)
  • Before the detection of macrolide resistance, three patients (20%) were treated with macrolide monotherapy, four (27%) with therapy for presumed Mycobacterium avium complex infections, and eight (53%) with combination antibiotic therapy for M. massiliense lung disease. (elsevier.com)
  • Clarithromycin is contra-indicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to macrolide antibiotic drugs. (nafarma.com)
  • Macrolides belong to the POLYKETIDES class of natural products, and many members exhibit ANTIBIOTIC properties. (bvsalud.org)
  • Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that comes in the form of an oral tablet, sold as brand-name Zithromax. (mydrugcenter.com)
  • Biaxin is a macrolide antibiotic used for the treatment of skin and respiratory infections. (pcostracker.app)
  • ZITHROMAX is a macrolide antibiotic prescription medicine used in adults 18 years or older to treat certain infections caused by certain germs called bacteria. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Biaxin is a macrolide antibiotic that is used to treat certain bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. (247safegenerics.com)
Azithromycin9
  • These investigators focused on the role of a macrolide -- azithromycin -- in preventing exacerbations of bronchiectasis. (medscape.com)
  • The differential effect of clarithromycin and azithromycin on induction of macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Despite erm(41)-gene-mediated macrolide resistance, treatment with azithromycin or clarithromycin is recommended. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, and clindamycin were associated with an increased risk of at least one other CA. Further research is needed on the risk of specific CA associated with macrolide and lincosamide use in the first trimester, particularly relevant for the potential use of azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19. (rug.nl)
  • Azithromycin Susceptibility Among Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates and Seasonal Macrolide Use. (bvsalud.org)
  • We performed an ecological study of seasonal patterns in macrolide use and azithromycin resistance in N. gonorrhoeae, finding that population -wide macrolide use is associated with increased azithromycin nonsusceptibility. (bvsalud.org)
  • Increased carriage of macrolide-resistant fecal E. coli following mass distribution of azithromycin for trachoma control. (cdc.gov)
  • This time it's long- term Macrolide therapy using Azithromycin. (breathinstephen.com)
  • People with a history of allergy to macrolides or ketolides should not take azithromycin. (cyno.co.in)
Erythromycin3
  • Macrolide resistance was investigated using erythromycin or clarithromycin, in which testing with erythromycin was replaced by clarithromycin over the years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The occurrence of an erythromycin resistant, clindamycin susceptible isolate indicates the possibility of inducible clindamycin resistance, a phenomenon known as macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLS B ) resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is for qualitative detection of quinolones, macrolides, lincomycin, erythromycin in foods and other biological samples. (foodtestkit.com)
Fluoroquinolones3
  • Currently, macrolides are considered as first line agents to treat atypical community-acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae, while respiratory fluoroquinolones (such as levofloxacin), and tetracyclines are alternative treatment options (2). (who.int)
  • 6), the authors suggested that fluoroquinolones may be considered as an alternative agent when patients remain febrile or chest X-ray imaging shows deterioration at least 48-72 hours after macrolide initiation. (who.int)
  • However, an important point is to remind that macrolides are bacteriostatic (as opposed to fluoroquinolones that are bactericidal) and breakthrough infection might occur especially in those immunocompromised (8). (who.int)
Mechanisms of macrolide resistance2
  • This is the first study assessing the mechanisms of macrolide resistance in pneumococci isolates from pediatric AOM in Argentina and their genetic relatedness. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Conclusions: The results demonstrate significant differences in the mechanisms of macrolide resistance amongst different Lancefield groups in the same geographical area. (elsevier.com)
Characteristics of macrolide-resistant2
  • In clinical practice, characteristics of macrolide-resistant M. pneumonia and macrolide-susceptible M. pneumonia are similar (6). (who.int)
  • This study evaluated the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients and the molecular characteristics of macrolide-resistant M. massiliense isolates. (elsevier.com)
Mutations associated with macrolide2
  • 7. Dumke R, Thurmer A, Jacobs E. Emergence of Mycoplasma genitalium strains showing mutations associated with macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in the region Dresden, Germany. (cdc.gov)
  • Novel assays targeting a M. pneumoniae conserved hypothetical protein gene, M. pneumoniae 23S rRNA gene mutations associated with macrolide resistance and human β-globin gene (an endogenous internal control) were designed and combined with a previously published C. pneumoniae PCR targeting ompA gene. (eurekamag.com)
Long-term macrolide1
  • There were no signals of adverse events or any cardiovascular issues, and surprisingly, no concern was raised about hearing loss or effects that have been reported with long-term macrolide use in the past. (medscape.com)
Declining macrolide resistance1
  • The current study was undertaken against the background of the recent observation of declining macrolide resistance rates especially among German children. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolates8
  • Macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerged in Argentina in 1995, representing 26% of invasive infection isolates in children under 5 years old. (scielo.org.ar)
  • The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of ermB and mefA genes in macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates from acute otitis media (AOM) and to determine their genetic relatedness. (scielo.org.ar)
  • From 1992 to 2008, data on macrolide susceptibility were available for 11,807 invasive isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate macrolide susceptibility of all isolates of S. pneumoniae with IPD that were sent to the German National Reference Center for Streptococci (NRCS) between 1992 and 2008 and to evaluate potential trends in nonsusceptibility over time. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In West Africa, penicillin, macrolide and lincosamide resistance among beta-haemolytic streptococci (BHS) isolates has rarely been described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In West Africa, macrolide and lincosamide resistance amongst clinical BHS isolates have rarely been described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We performed a retrospective review of medical records and genetic analyses of clinical isolates from 15 patients who had macrolide-resistant M. massiliense lung disease between September 2005 and February 2015. (elsevier.com)
  • Of the 15 clinical isolates, 14 (93%) had point mutations at position 2058 (n = 9) or 2059 (n = 5) of the 23S rRNA gene, resulting in macrolide resistance. (elsevier.com)
Pneumoniae12
  • However, macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae is growing globally and the prevalence rate shows variations across countries and regions. (who.int)
  • Epidemiologic studies have shown that the macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae rate is between 0% and 15% in the United States of America, while reaching 100% in Asia, with resistance more dominant in low and middle-income countries (3). (who.int)
  • Moreover, for some countries there has been little or no macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae reporting, including the Islamic Republic of Iran, where studies determining the prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae and macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae incidence remain scarce. (who.int)
  • estimated the macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae incidence to be almost 57% (5). (who.int)
  • Another aspect that is important to be clarified is the clinical relevance of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae in adults with community-acquired pneumonia. (who.int)
  • Detection of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae should be considered if patients did not respond to the macrolide regimen (6). (who.int)
  • The conduct of well-designed studies to determine the prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae and macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae rate is emphasized. (who.int)
  • The aim of this study was to improve detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in clinical specimens by developing a multiplex real-time PCR assay that includes identification of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae. (eurekamag.com)
  • Four M. pneumoniae strains with macrolide resistance-associated mutations were identified among 42 strains, which comprises 9.5 % of the study material. (eurekamag.com)
  • In conclusion, we have developed a resources conserving multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae and the most common mutations leading to macrolide resistance in M. pneumoniae. (eurekamag.com)
  • The assay is a widely useful tool for detection of these respiratory pathogens and will also shed light on the occurrence of macrolide resistance in M. pneumoniae. (eurekamag.com)
  • Macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae has been on a gradual increase in Germany for over a decade. (biomedcentral.com)
Specific macrolide1
  • AOR 1.01, 95%CI: 0.73 - 1.41 vs genetic controls), nor significantly raised for any specific macrolide. (rug.nl)
Beta-haemolytic streptococci3
  • Beta-haemolytic streptococci were cultured from clinical specimens from patients attending the clinic at the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (n = 217) and kept at −70 °C. Of these, 186 were revived and tested for penicillin susceptibility by disc diffusion and E-test methods, and the D-test for determination of constitutive and inducible macrolide-lincosamide (MLS B ) resistance phenotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Molecular epidemiology of macrolide resistance in beta-haemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A, B, C and G and evidence for a new mef element in group G streptococci that carries allelic variants of mef and msr(D). (elsevier.com)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Molecular epidemiology of macrolide resistance in beta-haemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A, B, C and G and evidence for a new mef element in group G streptococci that carries allelic variants of mef and msr (D).'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (elsevier.com)
Clinical1
  • We found that TRPM8 is a pharmacological target of tacrolimus (FK506), a macrolide immunosuppressant with several clinical uses, including the treatment of organ rejection following transplants, treatment of atopic dermatitis, and dry eye disease. (umh-csic.es)
Tacrolimus1
Mycoplasma1
  • Failure of moxifloxacin treatment in Mycoplasma genitalium infections due to macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance. (cdc.gov)
Lincosamides1
  • however macrolides and sometimes lincosamides are recommended as second line options for patients who are allergic to penicillin. (biomedcentral.com)
Statistically significant2
  • There has been a considerable and statistically significant decrease in macrolide nonsusceptibility in Germany since 2005, especially among children. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There were changes directly favoring the macrolide, but they were not statistically significant. (medscape.com)
Lactam3
  • The chemical modification of macrolide natural products into aza- or lactam analogues is a strategy employed to improve their metabolic stability and biological activity. (edu.au)
  • The methods for the synthesis of several lactam analogues of macrolide natural products are highlighted and aspects of their biological properties presented. (edu.au)
  • Mirabalin, [corrected] an antitumor macrolide lactam from the marine sponge Siliquariaspongia mirabilis. (semanticscholar.org)
Vivo2
  • These parameters and the reported pharmacokinetic parameters of midazolam and macrolides were then used to simulate in vivo interactions based on a physiological flow model. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In the present study, using a similar methodology, an attempt was made to predict the degree of in vivo drug interactions in humans involving macrolides with different inhibitory potencies based on in vitro metabolic inhibition studies. (aspetjournals.org)
Lincosamide4
  • Macrolide and lincosamide exposure was recorded for 307 and 28 cases, 72 and 4 non-genetic controls, 57 and 7 genetic controls, respectively. (rug.nl)
  • It is reassuring that macrolide and lincosamide resistance is relatively low. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For such strains, although clindamycin appears to be susceptible in vitro, treatment failure is likely to occur, and thus it is imperative to screen for Macrolide-lincosamide cross-resistance (D-test) [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study reports the phenotypic patterns of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance in these pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
Penicillin2
  • The incidence of cerebral palsy or epilepsy in children whose mothers took macrolides was 254.6 per 100,000 child-years-at-risk, compared with 143.6 in children whose mothers took penicillin, Pharmaceutical Journal reports. (yourlawyer.com)
  • The antimicrobial spectrum of macrolides is slightly wider than that of penicillin, and, therefore, macrolides are a common substitute for patients with a penicillin allergy. (newmedicalterms.com)
Antibacterial1
  • Mechanism of action :- Spiramycin is a macrolide antibacterial that inhibits protein synthesis by irreversibly binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosomal subunit thus blocking the transpeptidation or translocation reactions of susceptible organisms resulting in stunted cell growth. (dwarkeshpharma.com)
Infections1
  • Les taux élevés de PVA et de résistance parmi les organismes isolés indiquent une mise en oeuvre inadéquate des programmes de lutte contre les infections. (who.int)
Inhibit1
  • Macrolides inhibit protein synthesis. (cyno.co.in)
20211
  • Kow, CS & Hasan, SS 2021, ' Macrolides for patients with COVID-19 and concurrent pertussis infection ', Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease , vol. 99, no. 2, 115245. (hud.ac.uk)
Adverse effects1
  • There is now a large body of evidence of adverse effects of macrolides in different populations, during pregnancy and in adults," according to Gilbert. (yourlawyer.com)
Patients5
  • Investigators hypothesize that low dose macrolide therapy is well tolerated and can improve pulmonary function and symptoms in patients with SCA. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • A large number of patients were taking a macrolide, so the question isn't about the internal validity of the data. (medscape.com)
  • If you think about it, in this study they put more than 70 patients on a macrolide 3 times weekly for a year -- more than 5000 doses of macrolide -- to prevent, in this case, approximately 80 exacerbation events, which are associated with a course of therapy for 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
  • Is the use of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine (used with or without macrolides) for treatment of COVID-19 associated with increased in-hospital mortality as compared to control patients not receiving these medications? (tactical-medicine.com)
  • Our study indicates that treatment outcomes are poor and mortality rates are high after the development of macrolide resistance in patients with M. massiliense lung disease. (elsevier.com)
Neisseria1
  • Le clone III-1 de Neisseria meningitidis sérogroupe A était inconnu en Afrique jusqu'en 1988. (bvsalud.org)
Concomitant1
  • Similar effects have been observed with concomitant administration of astemizole and other macrolides. (nafarma.com)
Adults2
  • The objective of this project is to assess the feasibility of macrolides to attenuate or reverse the decrease in %predicted FEV1 in adults with SCA in a single-site, randomized, placebo-controlled feasibility trial. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • There are three very large database studies in adults showing an association between macrolides and cardiac deaths and cardiac events. (yourlawyer.com)
Emergence1
  • Despite the emergence of resistance, limited data on macrolide-resistant M. massiliense lung disease are available. (elsevier.com)
Results3
  • The obtained results were compared to those obtained by reference PCRs or confirmed by sequencing (typing of macrolide resistance). (eurekamag.com)
  • Results of search for 'su:{Macrolides. (who.int)
  • Results obtained with PAMPA suggest that this assay is not a method of choice for screening of macrolide permeability due to the lack of P-gp efflux pump and/or other transporters potentially involved in macrolide transport. (irb.hr)
Belong1
Exposure1
  • Erm(41) expression was increased following exposure to either macrolide for 7 days. (ox.ac.uk)
Conclusion1
  • Conclusion: Both macrolides induce resistance similarly, and this should not be an argument in choosing either macrolide for therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Browsing by Subject Macrolides
Browsing by Subject "Macrolides" (apps.who.int)
تصفح Journal Articles حسب العنوان
تصفح Journal Articles حسب العنوان (apps.who.int)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Figure 1 - Macrolide-Resistant Shigella sonnei - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Figure 1 - Macrolide-Resistant Shigella sonnei - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Macrolide-Resistant Shigella sonnei - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Macrolide-Resistant Shigella sonnei - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure 2 - Macrolide-Resistant Shigella sonnei - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Figure 2 - Macrolide-Resistant Shigella sonnei - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Macrólido - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre
Macrólido - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre (gl.wikipedia.org)
Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage | Nature Communications
Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage | Nature Communications (nature.com)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2018 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2018 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2016 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2016 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2014 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2014 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
2020 Annual Report for the Emerging Infections Program for Clostridioides difficile Infection | Emerging Infections Program |...
2020 Annual Report for the Emerging Infections Program for Clostridioides difficile Infection | Emerging Infections Program |... (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2012 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2012 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Meningitis Lab Manual: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing | CDC
Meningitis Lab Manual: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing | CDC (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2015 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2015 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2013 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2013 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2011 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2011 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2017 | Antibiotic Use | CDC
Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions - United States, 2017 | Antibiotic Use | CDC (cdc.gov)
Figure 1 - Macrolide Resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Israel, 2010 - Volume 17, Number 6-June 2011 - Emerging Infectious...
Figure 1 - Macrolide Resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Israel, 2010 - Volume 17, Number 6-June 2011 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure 2 - Increase in Pneumococcus Macrolide Resistance, United States - Volume 15, Number 8-August 2009 - Emerging Infectious...
Figure 2 - Increase in Pneumococcus Macrolide Resistance, United States - Volume 15, Number 8-August 2009 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure 1 - Increase in Pneumococcus Macrolide Resistance, United States - Volume 15, Number 8-August 2009 - Emerging Infectious...
Figure 1 - Increase in Pneumococcus Macrolide Resistance, United States - Volume 15, Number 8-August 2009 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Macrolide Therapy to Improve Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease - Full Text View -...
Macrolide Therapy to Improve Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease - Full Text View -... (clinicaltrials.gov)
Leprosy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Leprosy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (medlineplus.gov)
Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - Volume 15, Number 10-October 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...
Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - Volume 15, Number 10-October 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Figure - Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - Volume 15, Number 10-October 2009 - Emerging Infectious...
Figure - Escherichia coli as Reservoir for Macrolide Resistance Genes - Volume 15, Number 10-October 2009 - Emerging Infectious... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)