The transfer of lymphocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.
The introduction of whole blood or blood component directly into the blood stream. (Dorland, 27th ed)
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
The transfer of erythrocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.
The transfer of blood platelets from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Repetitive withdrawal of small amounts of blood and replacement with donor blood until a large proportion of the blood volume has been exchanged. Used in treatment of fetal erythroblastosis, hepatic coma, sickle cell anemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, septicemia, burns, thrombotic thrombopenic purpura, and fulminant malaria.
Reinfusion of blood or blood products derived from the patient's own circulation. (Dorland, 27th ed)
The transfer of blood components such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and plasma from a donor to a recipient or back to the donor. This process differs from the procedures undertaken in PLASMAPHERESIS and types of CYTAPHERESIS; (PLATELETPHERESIS and LEUKAPHERESIS) where, following the removal of plasma or the specific cell components, the remainder is transfused back to the donor.
In utero transfusion of BLOOD into the FETUS for the treatment of FETAL DISEASES, such as fetal erythroblastosis (ERYTHROBLASTOSIS, FETAL).
Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p737-8)
Global conflict involving countries of Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America that occurred between 1939 and 1945.
A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-containing IMMUNE COMPLEXES within the blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidney (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS). Clinical symptoms include URTICARIA; ERYTHEMA; ARTHRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; and renal involvement. Most cases are seen in children after acute upper respiratory infections.
The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.
Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.
A medical specialty concerned with the hypersensitivity of the individual to foreign substances and protection from the resultant infection or disorder.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Paris" is not a medical term or concept; it is the capital city of France. If you have mistakenly used "Paris" instead of another term, please provide more context or clarify your question so I can give you an accurate and helpful response.
Educational institutions.
The administrative procedures involved with acquiring TISSUES or organs for TRANSPLANTATION through various programs, systems, or organizations. These procedures include obtaining consent from TISSUE DONORS and arranging for transportation of donated tissues and organs, after TISSUE HARVESTING, to HOSPITALS for processing and transplantation.
Individuals supplying living tissue, organs, cells, blood or blood components for transfer or transplantation to histocompatible recipients.
Transference of an organ between individuals of the same species or between individuals of different species.
Government required written and driving test given to individuals prior to obtaining an operator's license.
A method of differentiating individuals based on the analysis of qualitative or quantitative biological traits or patterns. This process which has applications in forensics and identity theft prevention includes DNA profiles or DNA fingerprints, hand fingerprints, automated facial recognition, iris scan, hand geometry, retinal scan, vascular patterns, automated voice pattern recognition, and ultrasound of fingers.
The principles of professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the physician, relations with patients and fellow practitioners, as well as actions of the physician in patient care and interpersonal relations with patient families.
The identification, analysis, and resolution of moral problems that arise in the care of patients. (Bioethics Thesaurus)

Comparative outcomes of T-cell-depleted and non-T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia: impact of donor lymphocyte infusion. (1/691)

PURPOSE: Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) can restore complete remission in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) who have relapsed after T-cell-depleted (TCD) allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The existence of salvage treatment for patients with DLI after TCD allogeneic BMT prompted an evaluation of overall outcome after CD6+ -TCD allogeneic BMT for patients treated during the time when DLI has been available. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of outcomes of 46 patients who underwent TCD allogeneic BMT for stable-phase CML and compared these outcomes with those of 40 patients who underwent non-TCD allogeneic BMT. All subjects were patients at one of two neighboring institutions during a period when DLI was available. All patients received marrow from HLA-identical sibling donors, underwent similar myeloablative regimens, and had similar pretreatment characteristics. RESULTS: After BMT, the TCD group had a lower incidence of grade 2 to 4 acute (15% v 37%, P = .026) and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (18% v 42%, P = .024) than did the non-TCD group. The 1-year treatment-related mortality rates for the TCD group and the non-TCD group were 13% and 29%, respectively (P = .07). The estimated 3-year probability of relapse (cytogenetic or hematologic) was higher for patients in the TCD group than for patients in the non-TCD group (62% v 24%, P = .0003). Twenty-three patients (20 in the TCD group and three in the non-TCD group) received and were assessable for response to DLI. After DLI, 17 of 20 patients in the TCD group and two of three patients in the non-TCD group achieved complete remission. Donor lymphocyte infusion induced GVHD in nine of 23 patients. Thirty (65%) of 46 patients in the TCD group and 27 (69%) of 39 assessable patients in the non-TCD group remained alive without evidence of disease. The estimated 3-year overall survival rates were similar for the TCD group and the non-TCD group (72% v 68%, respectively; P = .38). At last follow-up, there was no difference in the overall prevalence of GVHD or the proportion of patients requiring immunosuppressive agents between groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the combination of T-cell depletion and post-BMT DLI is a viable treatment option for patients undergoing allogeneic BMT for CML and should be prospectively compared with traditional forms of GVHD prophylaxis.  (+info)

Evidence of alternative or concomitant use of perforin- and Fas-dependent pathways in a T cell-mediated negative regulation of Ig production. (2/691)

To study the possible involvement of perforin (Pfp)- and/or Fas-dependent cytotoxicity pathways in a T cell-mediated negative regulation of Ig production, we used the T cell-induced Ig-allotype suppression model. T splenocytes from Igha/a mice, when neonatally transferred into histocompatible Igha/b F1 or Ighb/b congenic hosts, are intrinsically able to totally, specifically, and chronically suppress the production of IgG2a of the Ighb haplotype (IgG2ab). It has not been established whether the suppression effectors, which are anti-IgG2ab MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells, cytolyse IgG2ab+ B targets or whether they only silence Ig production. In this study, using T cells from Igha/a Pfp+/+ or Pfpo/o mice, the latter obtained by crossbreeding, and B cells from Ighb/b Fas+/+ or Faslpr/lpr (lymphoproliferation) mice in appropriate adoptive transfer models, we demonstrated that: 1) under blockage of the Pfp-mediated pathway, Igha/a T cells were still able to induce suppression against wild-type IgG2ab+ B cells, 2) IgG2ab+ B cells with impaired Fas expression were also subjected to suppression by WT Igha/a T splenocytes, and 3) the suppression establishment was totally inhibited when both Pfp- and Fas-dependent mechanisms were simultaneously blocked, i.e., when Igha/a Pfpo/o T cells were used to induce suppression against Ighb/b Faslpr/lpr B cells. These results provide the first demonstration of the existence of alternative or simultaneous use of the major cytotoxic mechanisms in a T cell-mediated down-regulation of an Ig production.  (+info)

DNA vaccination against the idiotype of a murine B cell lymphoma: mechanism of tumor protection. (3/691)

Several studies have shown that immunization with DNA, which encodes the idiotypic determinants of a B cell lymphoma, generates tumor-specific immunity. Although induction of antiidiotypic Abs has correlated with tumor protection, the effector mechanisms that contribute to tumor protection have not been clearly identified. This study evaluated the tumor protective effects of humoral and cellular immune mechanisms recruited by idiotype-directed DNA vaccines in the 38C13 murine B cell lymphoma model. Antiidiotypic Abs induced by DNA vaccination supported in vitro complement-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor cells, and simultaneous transfer of tumor cells and hyperimmune sera protected naive animals against tumor growth. However, in vitro stimulation of immune splenocytes with tumor cells failed to induce idiotype-specific cytotoxicity, and following vaccination, depletion of CD4 or CD8 T cell subsets did not compromise protection. Furthermore, protection of naive recipients against tumor challenge could not be demonstrated either by a Winn assay approach or by adoptive transfer of spleen and lymph node cells. Thus, in this experimental model, current evidence suggests that the tumor-protective effects of DNA vaccination can be largely attributed to idiotype-specific humoral immunity.  (+info)

Development of an animal model of autoimmune thyroid eye disease. (4/691)

In previous studies we have transferred thyroiditis to naive BALB/c and NOD mice with human thyrotropin (TSH) receptor (TSHR)-primed splenocytes. Because the TSHR has been implicated in the pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease (TED) we have examined the orbits of recipients of TSHR-primed T cells, generated using a TSHR fusion protein or by genetic immunization. In the NOD mice, 25 of 26 animals treated with TSHR-primed T cells developed thyroiditis with considerable follicular destruction, numerous activated and CD8+ T cells, and immunoreactivity for IFN-gamma. Thyroxine levels were reduced. Thyroiditis was not induced in controls. None of the NOD animals developed any orbital pathology. Thirty-five BALB/c mice received TSHR-primed spleen cells. Thyroiditis was induced in 60-100% and comprised activated T cells, B cells, and immunoreactivity for IL-4 and IL-10. Autoantibodies to the receptor were induced, including TSH binding inhibiting Igs. A total of 17 of 25 BALB/c orbits displayed changes consisting of accumulation of adipose tissue, edema caused by periodic acid Schiff-positive material, dissociation of the muscle fibers, the presence of TSHR immunoreactivity, and infiltration by lymphocytes and mast cells. No orbital changes or thyroiditis were observed in control BALB/c mice. We have induced orbital pathology having many parallels with human TED, only in BALB/c mice, suggesting that a Th2 autoimmune response to the TSHR may be a prerequisite for the development of TED.  (+info)

Adoptively transferable tolerance induced by CD45RB monoclonal antibody. (5/691)

The phenomenon of rejection remains the most serious problem in transplantation. The ultimate goal in transplant immunology is to develop therapeutic strategies that lead to tolerance. It has been shown that two injections of a monoclonal antibody to CD45RB leads to indefinite acceptance of renal allografts in mice. Moreover, the CD45RB monoclonal antibody reverses acute rejection and still induces tolerance. The purpose of this study was to assess mechanisms that could underlie this therapeutic benefit. It was shown that splenic lymphocytes from tolerant animals augmented proliferation in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions against donor alloantigens, and the serum of tolerant mice contained donor-specific antibodies, mainly of the IgG1 isotype, suggesting the presence of TH2 cytokines. Tolerance could not be broken by interleukin-2 infusion, but tolerance could be adoptively transferred by transfusion of tolerant mouse CD4+ splenic lymphocytes into naive allografted animals. These data suggest that an active immunoregulatory mechanism is partly responsible for the therapeutic effect. CD45RB-directed therapy may find clinical application in organ transplantation in human patients.  (+info)

Prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease by photochemical treatment. (6/691)

Photochemical treatment (PCT) with the psoralen S-59 and long wavelength ultraviolet light (UVA) inactivates high titers of contaminating viruses, bacteria, and leukocytes in human platelet concentrates. The present study evaluated the efficacy of PCT to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) in vivo using a well-characterized parent to F1 murine transfusion model. Recipient mice in four treatment groups were transfused with 10(8) splenic leukocytes. (1) Control group mice received syngeneic splenic leukocyte transfusions; (2) GVHD group mice received untreated allogeneic splenic leukocytes; (3) gamma radiation group mice received gamma irradiated (2,500 cGy) allogeneic splenic leukocytes; and (4) PCT group mice received allogeneic splenic leukocytes treated with 150 micromol/L S-59 and 2.1 J/cm2 UVA. Multiple biological and clinical parameters were used to monitor the development of TA-GVHD in recipient mice over a 10-week posttransfusion observation period: peripheral blood cell levels, spleen size, engraftment by donor T cells, thymic cellularity, clinical signs of TA-GVHD (weight loss, activity, posture, fur texture, skin integrity), and histologic lesions of liver, spleen, bone marrow, and skin. Mice in the control group remained healthy and free of detectable disease. Mice in the GVHD group developed clinical and histological lesions of TA-GVHD, including pancytopenia, marked splenomegaly, wasting, engraftment with donor derived T cells, and thymic hypoplasia. In contrast, mice transfused with splenic leukocytes treated with (2,500 cGy) gamma radiation or 150 micromol/L S-59 and 2.1 J/cm2 UVA remained healthy and did not develop detectable TA-GVHD. Using an in vitro T-cell proliferation assay, greater than 10(5.1) murine T cells were inactivated by PCT. Therefore, in addition to inactivating high levels of pathogenic viruses and bacteria in PC, these data indicate that PCT is an effective alternative to gamma irradiation for prevention of TA-GVHD.  (+info)

Successful treatment of secondary acute myeloid leukemia relapsing after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with donor lymphocyte infusion failed to prevent recurrence of primary disease: a case report. (7/691)

We report a case of therapy-related secondary acute myeloid leukemia occurring in a patient during treatment for anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In spite of response to induction chemotherapy and prompt bone marrow transplantation from his matched sister, the patient experienced an early leukemia relapse within 3 months of the transplant. Treatment with oral etoposide for 3 weeks followed by donor lymphocyte infusion achieved a 7-month remission from leukemia without any further treatment. Unfortunately, the patient suffered a recurrence of the primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma that was treated by resuming chemotherapy and local radiotherapy. The patient died 20 months after DLI, still in CR for his leukemia, due to ALCL progression.  (+info)

T cell reconstitution of BB/W rats after the initiation of insulitis precipitates the onset of diabetes. (8/691)

One of the diabetes susceptibility genes of the BB/W (Biobreeding/Worcester) rat maps to the lyp locus on chromosome 4. The BB/W lyp allele is responsible for a severe peripheral T lymphopenia. Correction of this lymphopenia by transfer of normal, histocompatible T cells prevents diabetes, providing T cell reconstitution is initiated before insulitis. We have analyzed this time-dependent regulation of the diabetogenic process by normal T cells. We demonstrate that T cell reconstitution after the initiation of insulitis precipitates the onset of diabetes through the recruitment of donor T cells to the autoimmune process. This inability of normal T cells to regulate primed diabetogenic BB/W T cells and their own autoreactive potential were observed when normal T cells outnumbered pathogenic T cells by approximately 1000-fold. Analysis of donor-derived T cells recovered from BB/W rats that were reconstituted before insulitis, and hence protected from diabetes, demonstrates that early T cell reconstitution of BB/W rats does not result in a long term physical or functional depletion of islet cell-specific T cell precursors among donor cells or in the expansion of T cells that can regulate the activation and expansion of diabetogenic T cells.  (+info)

A lymphocyte transfusion is not a standard medical practice. However, the term "lymphocyte transfusion" generally refers to the infusion of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, from a donor to a recipient. This procedure is rarely performed and primarily used in research or experimental settings, such as in the context of adoptive immunotherapy for cancer treatment.

In adoptive immunotherapy, T lymphocytes (a subtype of lymphocytes) are collected from the patient or a donor, activated, expanded in the laboratory, and then reinfused into the patient to enhance their immune response against cancer cells. This is not a common procedure and should only be performed under the guidance of experienced medical professionals in specialized centers.

It's important to note that lymphocyte transfusions are different from stem cell or bone marrow transplants, which involve the infusion of hematopoietic stem cells to reconstitute the recipient's entire blood and immune system.

A blood transfusion is a medical procedure in which blood or its components are transferred from one individual (donor) to another (recipient) through a vein. The donated blood can be fresh whole blood, packed red blood cells, platelets, plasma, or cryoprecipitate, depending on the recipient's needs. Blood transfusions are performed to replace lost blood due to severe bleeding, treat anemia, support patients undergoing major surgeries, or manage various medical conditions such as hemophilia, thalassemia, and leukemia. The donated blood must be carefully cross-matched with the recipient's blood type to minimize the risk of transfusion reactions.

Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that is an essential part of the immune system. They are responsible for recognizing and responding to potentially harmful substances such as viruses, bacteria, and other foreign invaders. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B-lymphocytes (B-cells) and T-lymphocytes (T-cells).

B-lymphocytes produce antibodies, which are proteins that help to neutralize or destroy foreign substances. When a B-cell encounters a foreign substance, it becomes activated and begins to divide and differentiate into plasma cells, which produce and secrete large amounts of antibodies. These antibodies bind to the foreign substance, marking it for destruction by other immune cells.

T-lymphocytes, on the other hand, are involved in cell-mediated immunity. They directly attack and destroy infected cells or cancerous cells. T-cells can also help to regulate the immune response by producing chemical signals that activate or inhibit other immune cells.

Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and mature in either the bone marrow (B-cells) or the thymus gland (T-cells). They circulate throughout the body in the blood and lymphatic system, where they can be found in high concentrations in lymph nodes, the spleen, and other lymphoid organs.

Abnormalities in the number or function of lymphocytes can lead to a variety of immune-related disorders, including immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.

An erythrocyte transfusion, also known as a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, is the process of transferring compatible red blood cells from a donor to a recipient. This procedure is typically performed to increase the recipient's oxygen-carrying capacity, usually in situations where there is significant blood loss, anemia, or impaired red blood cell production.

During the transfusion, the donor's red blood cells are collected, typed, and tested for compatibility with the recipient's blood to minimize the risk of a transfusion reaction. Once compatible units are identified, they are infused into the recipient's circulation through a sterile intravenous (IV) line. The recipient's body will eventually eliminate the donated red blood cells within 100-120 days as part of its normal turnover process.

Erythrocyte transfusions can be lifesaving in various clinical scenarios, such as trauma, surgery, severe anemia due to chronic diseases, and hematologic disorders. However, they should only be used when necessary, as there are potential risks associated with the procedure, including allergic reactions, transmission of infectious diseases, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), and iron overload in cases of multiple transfusions.

A platelet transfusion is the process of medically administering platelets, which are small blood cells that help your body form clots to stop bleeding. Platelet transfusions are often given to patients with low platelet counts or dysfunctional platelets due to various reasons such as chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and other medical conditions leading to increased consumption or destruction of platelets. This procedure helps to prevent or treat bleeding complications in these patients. It's important to note that platelet transfusions should be given under the supervision of a healthcare professional, taking into account the patient's clinical condition, platelet count, and potential risks associated with transfusion reactions.

Lymphocyte activation is the process by which B-cells and T-cells (types of lymphocytes) become activated to perform effector functions in an immune response. This process involves the recognition of specific antigens presented on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells or macrophages.

The activation of B-cells leads to their differentiation into plasma cells that produce antibodies, while the activation of T-cells results in the production of cytotoxic T-cells (CD8+ T-cells) that can directly kill infected cells or helper T-cells (CD4+ T-cells) that assist other immune cells.

Lymphocyte activation involves a series of intracellular signaling events, including the binding of co-stimulatory molecules and the release of cytokines, which ultimately result in the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions. The activation process is tightly regulated to prevent excessive or inappropriate immune responses that can lead to autoimmunity or chronic inflammation.

An exchange transfusion of whole blood is a medical procedure in which a patient's blood is gradually replaced with donor whole blood. This procedure is typically performed in newborns or infants who have severe jaundice caused by excessive levels of bilirubin, a yellowish pigment that forms when hemoglobin from red blood cells breaks down.

During an exchange transfusion, the baby's blood is removed through a vein or artery and replaced with donor whole blood through another vein or artery. The process is repeated several times until a significant portion of the baby's blood has been exchanged with donor blood. This helps to reduce the levels of bilirubin in the baby's blood, which can help prevent or treat brain damage caused by excessive bilirubin.

Exchange transfusions are typically performed in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and require close monitoring by a team of healthcare professionals. The procedure carries some risks, including infection, bleeding, and changes in blood pressure or heart rate. However, it can be a lifesaving treatment for newborns with severe jaundice who are at risk of developing serious complications.

Autologous blood transfusion is a medical procedure in which a patient receives their own blood that has been collected and stored prior to surgery or a medical treatment that may cause significant blood loss. The blood is drawn from the patient, typically in the days or weeks leading up to the scheduled procedure, and then stored until it is needed during or after the surgery.

The primary advantage of autologous blood transfusion is that it eliminates the risk of transfusion reactions, infectious disease transmission, and immunomodulation associated with allogeneic (donor) blood transfusions. However, not all patients are candidates for this type of transfusion due to various factors such as medical conditions, low hemoglobin levels, or insufficient time to collect and store the blood before the procedure.

Autologous blood transfusion can be performed using several methods, including preoperative blood donation, acute normovolemic hemodilution, intraoperative cell salvage, and postoperative blood collection. The choice of method depends on various factors, such as the patient's medical condition, the type and extent of surgery, and the availability of resources.

In summary, autologous blood transfusion is a safe and effective way to reduce the need for allogeneic blood transfusions during or after surgical procedures, but it may not be suitable for all patients.

A blood component transfusion is the process of transferring a specific component of donated blood into a recipient's bloodstream. Blood components include red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate (a fraction of plasma that contains clotting factors). These components can be separated from whole blood and stored separately to allow for targeted transfusions based on the individual needs of the patient.

For example, a patient who is anemic may only require a red blood cell transfusion, while a patient with severe bleeding may need both red blood cells and plasma to replace lost volume and clotting factors. Platelet transfusions are often used for patients with low platelet counts or platelet dysfunction, and cryoprecipitate is used for patients with factor VIII or fibrinogen deficiencies.

Blood component transfusions must be performed under strict medical supervision to ensure compatibility between the donor and recipient blood types and to monitor for any adverse reactions. Proper handling, storage, and administration of blood components are also critical to ensure their safety and efficacy.

Intrauterine blood transfusion (IUT) is a medical procedure in which blood is transfused into the fetal circulation through the umbilical vein while the fetus is still in the uterus. This procedure is typically performed to treat severe anemia in the fetus, most commonly caused by hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh incompatibility or ABO incompatibility between the mother and fetus.

During the procedure, ultrasound guidance is used to insert a thin needle through the mother's abdomen and uterus and into the umbilical vein of the fetus. The blood is then transfused slowly, allowing the fetal body to adjust to the increased volume. The procedure may need to be repeated every 2-4 weeks until the baby is mature enough for delivery.

IUT is a highly specialized procedure that requires significant expertise and experience in maternal-fetal medicine and interventional radiology. It carries risks such as preterm labor, infection, fetal bradycardia (abnormally slow heart rate), and fetal loss, but it can be life-saving for the fetus when performed appropriately.

Fetofetal transfusion is a medical condition that can occur in pregnancies with multiple fetuses, such as twins or higher-order multiples. It refers to the transfer of blood from one fetus (donor) to another (recipient) through anastomotic connections in their shared placenta.

In some cases, these anastomoses can result in an imbalance in blood flow between the fetuses, leading to a net transfer of blood from one fetus to the other. This situation is more likely to occur when there is a significant weight or size difference between the fetuses, known as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).

In TTTS, the recipient fetus receives an excess of blood, which can lead to high-output cardiac failure, hydrops, and potential intrauterine demise. Meanwhile, the donor fetus may become anemic, growth-restricted, and at risk for hypovolemia and intrauterine demise as well. Fetofetal transfusion can be diagnosed through ultrasound evaluation and managed with various interventions, including laser ablation of anastomotic vessels or fetoscopic surgery, depending on the severity and gestational age at diagnosis.

I must clarify that there is no medical definition for "World War II." World War II (1939-1945) was a major global conflict involving many of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was marked by significant events, such as the Holocaust, and had profound social, economic, and political consequences. The medical field did play a crucial role during this time, with advancements in battlefield medicine, military medicine, and the treatment of injuries and diseases on a large scale. However, there is no specific medical definition or concept associated with World War II itself.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a type of small vessel vasculitis, which is a condition characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels. HSP primarily affects children, but it can occur in adults as well. It is named after two German physicians, Eduard Heinrich Henoch and Johann Schönlein, who first described the condition in the mid-19th century.

The main feature of HSP is a purpuric rash, which is a type of rash that appears as small, red or purple spots on the skin. The rash is caused by leakage of blood from the small blood vessels (capillaries) beneath the skin. In HSP, this rash typically occurs on the legs and buttocks, but it can also affect other parts of the body, such as the arms, face, and trunk.

In addition to the purpuric rash, HSP is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as joint pain and swelling, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In severe cases, it can also affect the kidneys, leading to hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (protein in the urine).

The exact cause of HSP is not known, but it is thought to be related to an abnormal immune response to certain triggers, such as infections or medications. Treatment typically involves supportive care, such as pain relief and fluid replacement, as well as medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. In most cases, HSP resolves on its own within a few weeks or months, but it can lead to serious complications in some individuals.

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a medical procedure in which damaged or destroyed bone marrow is replaced with healthy bone marrow from a donor. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue inside bones that produces blood cells. The main types of BMT are autologous, allogeneic, and umbilical cord blood transplantation.

In autologous BMT, the patient's own bone marrow is used for the transplant. This type of BMT is often used in patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma who have undergone high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy to destroy their cancerous bone marrow.

In allogeneic BMT, bone marrow from a genetically matched donor is used for the transplant. This type of BMT is often used in patients with leukemia, lymphoma, or other blood disorders who have failed other treatments.

Umbilical cord blood transplantation involves using stem cells from umbilical cord blood as a source of healthy bone marrow. This type of BMT is often used in children and adults who do not have a matched donor for allogeneic BMT.

The process of BMT typically involves several steps, including harvesting the bone marrow or stem cells from the donor, conditioning the patient's body to receive the new bone marrow or stem cells, transplanting the new bone marrow or stem cells into the patient's body, and monitoring the patient for signs of engraftment and complications.

BMT is a complex and potentially risky procedure that requires careful planning, preparation, and follow-up care. However, it can be a life-saving treatment for many patients with blood disorders or cancer.

Homologous transplantation is a type of transplant surgery where organs or tissues are transferred between two genetically non-identical individuals of the same species. The term "homologous" refers to the similarity in structure and function of the donated organ or tissue to the recipient's own organ or tissue.

For example, a heart transplant from one human to another is an example of homologous transplantation because both organs are hearts and perform the same function. Similarly, a liver transplant, kidney transplant, lung transplant, and other types of organ transplants between individuals of the same species are also considered homologous transplantations.

Homologous transplantation is in contrast to heterologous or xenogeneic transplantation, where organs or tissues are transferred from one species to another, such as a pig heart transplanted into a human. Homologous transplantation is more commonly performed than heterologous transplantation due to the increased risk of rejection and other complications associated with xenogeneic transplants.

Allergy and Immunology is a medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases and immune system disorders. An Allergist/Immunologist is a physician who has undergone specialized training in this field.

Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to normally harmless substances, such as pollen, dust mites, or certain foods, resulting in symptoms like sneezing, itching, runny nose, and rashes. Immunology, on the other hand, deals with disorders of the immune system, which can be caused by either an overactive or underactive immune response. Examples of immune disorders include autoimmune diseases (where the body attacks its own tissues), immunodeficiency disorders (where the immune system is weakened and unable to fight off infections), and hypersensitivity reactions (overreactions of the immune system to harmless substances).

The Allergist/Immunologist uses various diagnostic tests, such as skin prick tests, blood tests, and challenge tests, to identify the specific allergens or immune triggers that are causing a patient's symptoms. Once the diagnosis is made, they can recommend appropriate treatments, which may include medications, immunotherapy (allergy shots), lifestyle changes, or avoidance of certain substances.

In addition to treating patients, Allergist/Immunologists also conduct research into the underlying causes and mechanisms of allergic diseases and immune disorders, with the goal of developing new and more effective treatments.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Paris" is not a medical term. Paris is the capital city of France, known for its rich history, art, fashion, and cuisine. If you have any questions related to medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help with those.

I believe there may be some confusion in your question. "Schools" is not a medical term. It generally refers to educational institutions where children or adults receive instruction in various subjects. If you are asking about a medical condition that might be associated with the word "school," it's possible you could mean "psychological disorders that first present or become evident during the school-aged period (approximately 5-18 years of age)." These disorders can include, but are not limited to, ADHD, learning disabilities, anxiety disorders, and mood disorders. However, without more context, it's difficult for me to provide a more specific answer.

Tissue and organ procurement is the process of obtaining viable tissues and organs from deceased or living donors for the purpose of transplantation, research, or education. This procedure is performed by trained medical professionals in a sterile environment, adhering to strict medical standards and ethical guidelines. The tissues and organs that can be procured include hearts, lungs, livers, kidneys, pancreases, intestines, corneas, skin, bones, tendons, and heart valves. The process involves a thorough medical evaluation of the donor, as well as consent from the donor or their next of kin. After procurement, the tissues and organs are preserved and transported to recipients in need.

A tissue donor is an individual who has agreed to allow organs and tissues to be removed from their body after death for the purpose of transplantation to restore the health or save the life of another person. The tissues that can be donated include corneas, heart valves, skin, bone, tendons, ligaments, veins, and cartilage. These tissues can enhance the quality of life for many recipients and are often used in reconstructive surgeries. It is important to note that tissue donation does not interfere with an open casket funeral or other cultural or religious practices related to death and grieving.

Organ transplantation is a surgical procedure where an organ or tissue from one person (donor) is removed and placed into another person (recipient) whose organ or tissue is not functioning properly or has been damaged beyond repair. The goal of this complex procedure is to replace the non-functioning organ with a healthy one, thereby improving the recipient's quality of life and overall survival.

Organs that can be transplanted include the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas, and intestines. Tissues such as corneas, skin, heart valves, and bones can also be transplanted. The donor may be deceased or living, depending on the type of organ and the medical circumstances.

Organ transplantation is a significant and life-changing event for both the recipient and their families. It requires careful evaluation, matching, and coordination between the donor and recipient, as well as rigorous post-transplant care to ensure the success of the procedure and minimize the risk of rejection.

The Automobile Driver Examination is a medical definition that refers to the process of evaluating an individual's physical and mental fitness to operate a motor vehicle. The examination typically includes a series of tests designed to assess the person's vision, hearing, reaction time, cognitive abilities, and overall health status.

The purpose of the examination is to ensure that drivers are capable of operating their vehicles safely and reducing the risk of accidents on the road. In many jurisdictions, driver examinations are required for individuals seeking to obtain a new driver's license or renew an existing one, particularly for those in certain age groups or with medical conditions that may affect their ability to drive.

The examination is usually conducted by a licensed healthcare professional, such as a doctor or nurse practitioner, who has been trained to assess the driver's fitness to operate a motor vehicle. The results of the examination are then used to determine whether the individual is medically fit to drive and what, if any, restrictions or accommodations may be necessary to ensure their safety and the safety of others on the road.

Biometric identification is the use of automated processes to identify a person based on their unique physical or behavioral characteristics. These characteristics, known as biometrics, can include fingerprints, facial recognition, iris scans, voice patterns, and other distinctive traits that are difficult to replicate or forge. Biometric identification systems work by capturing and analyzing these features with specialized hardware and software, comparing them against a database of known individuals to find a match.

Biometric identification is becoming increasingly popular in security applications, such as access control for buildings and devices, border control, and law enforcement. It offers several advantages over traditional methods of identification, such as passwords or ID cards, which can be lost, stolen, or easily replicated. By contrast, biometric traits are unique to each individual and cannot be easily changed or duplicated.

However, there are also concerns around privacy and the potential for misuse of biometric data. It is important that appropriate safeguards are in place to protect individuals' personal information and prevent unauthorized access or use.

Medical ethics is a branch of ethics that deals with moral issues in medical care, research, and practice. It provides a framework for addressing questions related to patient autonomy, informed consent, confidentiality, distributive justice, beneficentia (doing good), and non-maleficence (not doing harm). Medical ethics also involves the application of ethical principles such as respect for persons, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice to specific medical cases and situations. It is a crucial component of medical education and practice, helping healthcare professionals make informed decisions that promote patient well-being while respecting their rights and dignity.

Clinical ethics refers to the branch of applied ethics that deals with ethical issues in clinical settings, such as hospitals and other healthcare facilities. It involves the application of moral principles and values to decision-making in clinical practice, with the aim of promoting patient autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.

Clinical ethics often involves addressing complex ethical dilemmas that arise in the context of patient care, such as end-of-life decisions, informed consent, confidentiality, resource allocation, and research involving human subjects. Clinical ethicists may work as part of an institutional ethics committee or provide consultation services to healthcare providers, patients, and families facing ethical challenges.

The principles of clinical ethics are grounded in respect for patient autonomy, which includes the right to make informed decisions about their own care. Beneficence refers to the obligation to act in the best interests of the patient, while non-maleficence involves avoiding harm to the patient. Justice requires fair and equitable distribution of healthcare resources and respect for the rights and dignity of all patients.

Effective clinical ethics decision-making also involves careful consideration of contextual factors, such as cultural differences, religious beliefs, and social values, that may influence ethical judgments in particular cases. Clinical ethicists use a variety of methods to analyze ethical issues, including case consultation, ethical analysis frameworks, and moral deliberation processes that involve all stakeholders in the decision-making process.

Lymphocytes, Macrophages and Cancers, Springer Verlag Heidelberg, 1976; Mathé and Rappaport, Neoplastic diseases of ... Bone marrow transplantation and leucocyte transfusion, Springfield, 1971, Thomas; Mathé, Larysse and Kenis, Cancer chemotherapy ...
Treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion by immunization with paternal lymphocytes: results of a controlled trial. Am J ... Transfusion medicine. First of two parts--blood transfusion. N Engl J Med. 1999 Feb 11;340(6):438-47. Review. doi:10.1056/ ... Transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM) refers to the transient depression of the immune system following transfusion of ... However, other studies have not shown these differences and the degree of impact transfusion has on infection and tumor ...
He called these lymphocytes "co-optable lymphocytes." As other scientists began to explore this phenomenon these lymphocytes ... To his surprise, he found none, suggesting that transfusion might be possible. He then carried out transfusions of macrophages ... He found that when lymphocytes were mixed with cancerous cells in the presence of antibodies the lymphocytes encircled the ... Until the late 1960s, lymphocytes and antibodies were thought to act separately and have different functions. While working on ...
GvHD can also occur after a blood transfusion, known as Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease or TA-GvHD if the ... In particular, it involves an inability of the recipient's cell-mediated immunity to destroy or inactivate viable lymphocytes ... Transfusion-associated GvHD is rare in modern medicine. It is almost entirely preventable by controlled irradiation of blood ... This type of GvHD is associated with transfusion of un-irradiated blood to immunocompromised recipients. It can also occur in ...
Activation of T-lymphocytes T-lymphocytes are fully activated under two conditions: T-lymphocytes must recognize complex MHC- ... Blood transfusion can result in alloantibodies reacting towards the transfused cells, resulting in a transfusion reaction. Even ... B-lymphocytes, NK cells and cytokines also play a role in it. Cellular rejection - CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, NK cells ... of CD8+ T-lymphocytes recognize these peptides when form the complex with MHC class I molecules and TCR of CD4+ T-lymphocytes ...
She was a professor of transfusion medicine at the University of Cincinnati, and contributed to research articles in academic ... Balakrishnan, Kamala; Adams, Louis E. (1995-01-01). "The Role of the Lymphocyte in an Immune Response". Immunological ... Oss, Carel J. van (1995-01-27). Transfusion Immunology and Medicine. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8247-9640-2. Webb, Robert (1984-08- ... She also contributed to a textbook, Transfusion Immunology and Medicine (1995). Balakrishnan was married to a fellow military ...
Diminished helper/suppressor lymphocyte ratios and natural killer activity in recipients of repeated blood transfusions. Blood ... Specifically, helper/suppressor lymphocyte ratios were diminished, a hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in ... The available treatment for hemophilia at the time included transfusion of large volumes of fresh frozen plasma to replenish ... In the 1980s, Lusher and her colleagues recognized an immune dysfunction in patients who received repeated blood transfusions, ...
Upon transfusion into the person, these activated cells present the antigen to the effector lymphocytes (CD4+ helper T cells, ... Immune effector cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes work ... The extraction of G-CSF lymphocytes from the blood and expanding in vitro against a tumour antigen before reinjecting the cells ... The approval of anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ...
Allogeneic blood transfusion, through five major mechanisms including the lymphocyte-T set, myeloid-derived suppressor cells ( ... Blood Transfusion Leaflets (NHS Blood and Transplant) Blood Transfusion Leaflets (Welsh Blood Service) Blood Transfusion ... Blood transfusions fell into obscurity for the next 150 years.[citation needed] The science of blood transfusion dates to the ... Transfusions with large amounts of red blood cells, whether due to severe hemorrhaging and/or transfusion inefficacy (see above ...
HIV-infected children, who may receive measles vaccines if their CD4+ lymphocyte count is greater than 15%. Weakened immune ... a parent or sibling with a history of immune problems Condition that makes a patient bruise or bleed easily Recent transfusion ...
... erythrocyte transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.140.425 - leukocyte transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.140.425.445 - lymphocyte transfusion ... blood transfusion, intrauterine MeSH E02.095.135.469 - exchange transfusion, whole blood MeSH E02.095.135.750 - plasma exchange ... MeSH E02.095.135.140 - blood component transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.140.275 - ... MeSH E02.095.135.140.650 - platelet transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.164 - blood transfusion, autologous MeSH E02.095.135.264 - ...
Numerous blood transfusions had no lasting helpful effect: Only 35 hours after his initial exposure and after a final bout of ... Within six hours his lymphocytes were all but gone. A bone biopsy performed 24 hours after the incident produced bone marrow ...
He was also president of the International Society of Blood Transfusion. He was Consultant Adviser on Blood Transfusion at the ... He performed early work on the typing of red cells and their antigens, white blood cells (Human Lymphocyte Antigens or HLAs), ... In that year he was appointed Director of the South West Regional Blood Transfusion Service. It was in the evening of J D R ... During the Second World War, he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps and was posted to the Army Blood Transfusion Service from ...
... blood transfusion, T lymphocyte modification and the similar techniques. The scope of polymer sponge in this field is still in ...
... over the possibility that XMRV might be transmissible by blood transfusion since the virus was recovered from lymphocytes ( ... and blood transfusion: report of the AABB interorganizational XMRV task force". Transfusion. 51 (3): 654-61. doi:10.1111/j.1537 ...
Of the four subtypes, HTLV-2 may be linked to Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). In one study involving cultured lymphocytes ... Perinatal transmission and breastfeeding and through blood transfusion, sexual contact, and use of intravenous drugs. HTLV-1 ... November 2008). "Long-term increases in lymphocytes and platelets in human T-lymphotropic virus type II infection". Blood. 112 ...
... the recipient's immune system is not able to destroy the donor lymphocytes. This can result in transfusion associated graft- ... Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD) is a rare complication of blood transfusion, in which the ... "Complications of Transfusion: Transfusion Medicine: Merck Manual Professional". Retrieved 2009-02-09. Savage WJ (June 2016). " ... and established by HLA analysis of the circulating lymphocytes. This testing can identify circulating lymphocytes with a ...
Blood transfusions have been ruled out as a risk factor. The diagnosis of CLL is based on the demonstration of an abnormal ... Most often the lymphocyte count is greater than 5000 cells per microliter (µl) of blood but can be much higher. The presence of ... Normal B lymphocytes consist of a stew of different antibody-producing cells, resulting in a mixture of both kappa- and lambda- ... CLL results in the buildup of B cell lymphocytes in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and blood. These cells do not function well ...
628 The white blood cell concentrate obtained through leukapheresis contains a high number of active T lymphocytes, which can ... Adverse effects from granulocyte transfusions include fever, chills, respiratory symptoms, transfusion-transmitted infections, ... 628 Adverse effects are more common with granulocyte transfusions than with red blood cell transfusions. 25 to 50 percent of ... "Granulocyte transfusions". UpToDate. Retrieved 27 May 2020. Gea-Banacloche, Juan (2017). "Granulocyte transfusions: A concise ...
RBC transfusion is necessary for many patients. However, to date the supply of RBCs remains labile. In addition, transfusion ... iNKT cells act as innate T lymphocytes and serve as a bridge between the innate and acquired immune systems. They augment anti- ... Transfusion of in vitro-generated RBCs or erythroblasts does not sufficiently protect against tumor formation. The aryl ... See also overview A specialised type of white blood cell, known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), are produced by the immune ...
Callum, JL; Pinkerton, PH; Lima, A (2016). Bloody Easy 4: Blood transfusions, blood alternatives and transfusion reactions (PDF ... receive blood that has been irradiated to inactivate the T lymphocytes that are responsible for this reaction. People who have ... 2016). "AABB Committee Report: reducing transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infections". Transfusion. 56 (6pt2): 1581-1587 ... recipients of blood transfusions must be screened for these antibodies to prevent transfusion reactions. Antibody screening is ...
... perhaps by previous blood transfusions (donor tissue that includes lymphocytes expressing HLA molecules), by anti-HLA generated ... T lymphocytes can detect a peptide displayed at 0.1-1% of the MHC molecules. In their development in the thymus, T lymphocytes ... T lymphocytes are selected for their TCR incapacity to recognize self antigens, yet T lymphocytes can react against the donor ... Antigen presentation: MHC molecules bind to both T cell receptor and CD4/CD8 co-receptors on T lymphocytes, and the antigen ...
Immediately after a cancer cell is recognized, the Lymphocytes and/or the NK cells attack the cancer cell to kill it. When the ... Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. 30 (Suppl 1): 202-204. doi:10.1007/s12288-013-0327-3. PMC 4192214. PMID 25332578. ... with an aim of inducing the lymphocytes which will carry their activity of destroying the tumour cells. Thereafter the adverse ... The immune system is a complex network of cells and organs comprising lymphocytes, macrophages, Dendritic cells, Natural Killer ...
Lymphocytes also influence the development of persisting fetomaternal microchimerism since natural killer cells compose about ... Reed W, Lee TH, Norris PJ, Utter GH, Busch MP (January 2007). "Transfusion-associated microchimerism: a new complication of ... LP is characterized by T lymphocytes infiltration of the lower levels of epithelium, where they damage basal cells and cause ... Microchimerism had also been shown to exist after blood transfusions to a severely immunocompromised population of patients who ...
Immature B-lymphocytes most commonly express the IgD isotype. IgD can also be found circulating in blood serum. IgD signals B ... IgM antibodies are responsible for blood clotting during incorrect donor blood transfusions. IgE antibodies are the least ...
Human T lymphocytes can be expanded in vitro using beads holding specific antigens to activate the cells and stimulate growth. ... An alternative to vaccination used in the 1918 flu pandemic was the direct transfusion of blood, plasma, or serum from ...
Transfusion Today, 2007, 71:7-9. Koch, Holger M.; Bolt, Hermann M.; Preuss, Ralf; Eckstein, Reinhold; Weisbach, Volker; Angerer ... inactivate lymphocytes). Irradiation does not affect PMN function. Since there is usually a small amount of RBCs collected, ABO ... There is limited data to suggest the benefit of granulocyte transfusion. The complications of this procedure are the difficulty ... Leukapheresis - leukocytes (white blood cells). Leukopheresis is the removal of PMNs, basophils, eosinophils for transfusion ...
"5.2 Non-infectious hazards of transfusion". Handbook of transfusion medicine. Norfolk, Derek (5th ed.). London: Stationery ... 2058 Litzman J, Vlková M, Pikulová Z, Stikarovská D, Lokaj J (February 2007). "T and B lymphocyte subpopulations and activation ... "Guideline on the investigation and management of acute transfusion reactions Prepared by the BCSH Blood Transfusion Task Force ... "IgA deficient components". transfusion.com.au. Retrieved 2019-04-26. McGowan KE, Lyon EM, Butzner JD (July 2008). "Celiac ...
CD52 is found on >95% of peripheral blood lymphocytes (both T-cells and B-cells) and monocytes, but its function in lymphocytes ... Adoptive T cell therapy is a form of passive immunization by the transfusion of T-cells (adoptive cell transfer). They are ... Dendritic cell therapy provokes anti-tumor responses by causing dendritic cells to present tumor antigens to lymphocytes, which ... where they are known as tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). They are activated by the presence of APCs such as dendritic ...
Platelet transfusions are generally not recommended. About 1 per 100,000 people are affected. Onset is typically in adulthood ... Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody aimed at the CD20 molecule on B lymphocytes, may be used on diagnosis; this is thought to kill ... Transfusion is contraindicated in thrombotic TTP, as it fuels the coagulopathy. Since the early 1990s, plasmapheresis has ... This is an exchange transfusion involving removal of the person's blood plasma through apheresis and replacement with donor ...
Ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) significantly declined as compared to pre-transfusion whereas the lymphocyte count ... Ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) significantly declined as compared to pre-transfusion whereas the lymphocyte count ... Ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) significantly declined as compared to pre-transfusion whereas the lymphocyte count ... Ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) significantly declined as compared to pre-transfusion whereas the lymphocyte count ...
Lymphocytes, Macrophages and Cancers, Springer Verlag Heidelberg, 1976; Mathé and Rappaport, Neoplastic diseases of ... Bone marrow transplantation and leucocyte transfusion, Springfield, 1971, Thomas; Mathé, Larysse and Kenis, Cancer chemotherapy ...
Categories: Lymphocyte Transfusion Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Lymphocyte Transfusion, Organ Transplantation/adverse effects, T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects, Time Factors, Transplantation ... Lymphocyte Transfusion; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects; Time Factors; Transplantation ...
T-gamma lymphocytosis, or lymphoproliferative disorder, is a clonal disease of CD3+ T lymphocytes or CD3- natural killer (NK) ... Transfusion reactions, which can be caused by the surface antigens of neutrophilia; recipients of repeated granulocyte ... Recurrent uveitis in a patient with adult onset cyclic neutropenia associated with increased large granular lymphocytes. Br J ... Also known as leukemia of large granular lymphocytes (LGL-leukemia), T-gamma lymphocytosis can be associated with rheumatoid ...
GvHD can also occur after a blood transfusion, known as Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease or TA-GvHD if the ... In particular, it involves an inability of the recipients cell-mediated immunity to destroy or inactivate viable lymphocytes ... Main article: Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease. This type of GvHD is associated with transfusion of un- ... "Transfusion. 37 (10): 1084-92. doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.371098016450.x. PMID 9354830. S2CID 7462268.. ...
"Leukocyte Transfusion" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Leukocyte Transfusion" by people in this website by year, and ... Prolonged survival of neonatal porcine islet xenografts in mice treated with a donor-specific transfusion and anti-CD154 ... Virus-induced abrogation of transplantation tolerance induced by donor-specific transfusion and anti-CD154 antibody. J Virol. ...
In addition, graft versus host disease (GVHD) may occur from the transfer of donor-derived passenger lymphocytes; GVHD often ... Complications and Risks of Transfusion. Many complications are associated with transfusion, such as transfusion-related ... Plan for Transfusion Alternatives. While minimizing transfusion requirements is the goal of any good surgeon, many situations ... What are the transfusion requirements for liver transplantation in children?. What are the transfusion requirements for liver ...
In spite of widespread use, data supporting specific practice paradigms for whole blood and component therapy transfusion are ... transfusion of whole blood and fractionated blood components remains a controversial topic with respect to transfusion triggers ... Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease occurs when immunocompetent donor T lymphocytes initiate an immunologic attack ... Massive Transfusion. The definition of massive transfusion has evolved over time to reflect modern transfusion practice. [21] ...
... without transfusions, absence of palpable hepatosplenomegaly, lymph nodes ≤ 1.5 cm, , 30% lymphocytes without nodularity in at ... 53%), lymphocyte count (mean 65.7x10 9/L vs. 65.1x10 9/L), and serum lactate dehydrogenase concentration (mean 370.2 vs. 388.4 ... CR was defined as peripheral lymphocyte count ≤ 4.0 x 10 9/L, neutrophils ≥ 1.5 x 10 9/L, platelets ,100 x 10 9/L, hemoglobin ... Red blood cell transfusions were administered to 20% of patients receiving bendamustine hydrochloride compared with 6% of ...
HTLV-III was recovered from his peripheral lymphocytes in April 1985 but could not be recovered from lymphocytes obtained ... As part of his job, he processed platelets pooled from individual donors for transfusion. In December 1983, he sustained an ... When interviewed by a physician, the patient denied IV drug use or blood transfusions and reported being heterosexually ... During three independent interviews, he denied any homosexual activity, IV drug use, foreign travel, or blood transfusions. He ...
These are of two basic types: T lymphocytes (T cells) and B lymphocytes (B cells). These cells have the capacity to distinguish ... The blood transfusion effect. Following a blood transfusion, some patients become sensitized to the transplantation antigens of ... If the lymphocytes carry HLA antigens for which the reagent has antibodies, the lymphocytes agglutinate (clump together) or die ... A special application of the blood transfusion effect involves repeated small blood transfusions from a potential donor who is ...
Paglieroni TG, Holland PV: Circannual variation in lymphocyte subsets, revisited. Transfusion. 1994, 34: 512-516. 10.1046/j. ... tuberculosis infection seems to play role because of circannual variation in lymphocyte subsets. The seasonal changes in the ...
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) and lymphocyte subset (LS) content of approximately 8000 CB ... Characterization of Banked Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (HPC) and Lymphocyte Subsets (LS) and ...
A reduction in absolute lymphocyte count less than 0.5k/µL or an elevation of AST or ALT greater than 2 times the upper limit ... Transfusions of IV immunoglobulins can be considered in patients who have hypogammaglobulinemia prior to initiation of ... We suggest checking absolute lymphocyte count and immunoglobulin levels for patients on other therapies prior to initiating ...
The median number of platelet transfusions per patient on study was 6, and the median number of red blood cell transfusions on ... absolute lymphocyte count ,0.1 x 109). In 23 patients, the ANC recovered to ,0.5 x 109/L (median time to recovery = BMT day +13 ... The median number of platelet transfusions per patient was 6, and the median number of red blood cell transfusions per patient ... Thrombocytopenia (,25,000/mm3 or requiring platelet transfusion) occurred at a median of 5-6 days in 98% of patients. Anemia ( ...
Blood transfusion, Internal bleeding (potentially) not confirmed, Sudden onset anemia, potential aneurism, possible tear in her ... No mention of Lymphocytes levels at all, which should be on. a WBC reading. Where is the heme/hematocric & iron levels?. If she ... She (the dr)also said she wouldnt survive the surgery unless she had a blood transfusion and finding a donor is difficult. Im ... To have to receive a blood transfusion so quickly. after all of the other problems doesnt seem right. Is she having trouble ...
We suggest that a high-tolerance capacity of the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes represents a ... the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes had high functional Tregs. ,i,Conclusion,/i,. SCID patients ... of the patients are listed in Table 1 and were consisted with a phenotype of classical SCID with maternal-fetal transfusion ( ... only patient 2 had no NK lymphocytes due to a genetic defect in the common . Patients 5 and 6 had reduced CD4+ T lymphocytes ...
Transfusion of autologous tumor-specific CTLs1-4 and blockade of T cell inhibitory receptors5-7 have demonstrated to elicit ... Immunotherapy is emerging as a new form to treat cancer by harnessing the activity of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) that ... Immunotherapy is emerging as a new form to treat cancer by harnessing the activity of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) that ... Transfusion of autologous tumor-specific CTLs1-4 and blockade of T cell inhibitory receptors5-7 have demonstrated to elicit ...
LAK cells are a mixture of T and NK cells derived by ex vivo culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes in IL-2-containing medium ... Hence, it would be ideal to produce cryopreserved cell doses in advance that can be thawed before transfusion. However, NK ... Glioblastomas induce T-lymphocyte death by two distinct pathways involving gangliosides and CD70. Cancer Res. (2005) 65:5428-38 ... T lymphocytes redirected against the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4 control the growth of multiple solid tumors both in ...
... without transfusions, absence of palpable hepatosplenomegaly, lymph nodes ≤ 1.5 cm, , 30% lymphocytes without nodularity in at ... 53%), lymphocyte count (mean 65.7 x 109/L vs. 65.1 x 109/L), and serum lactate dehydrogenase concentration (mean 370.2 vs. ... Bendamustine was clastogenic in human lymphocytes in vitro, and in rat bone marrow cells in vivo (increase in micronucleated ... CR was defined as peripheral lymphocyte count ≤ 4 x 109/L, neutrophils ≥ 1.5 x 109/L, platelets ,100 x 109/L, hemoglobin ,110 g ...
... can occur after engraftment of allogeneic immunocompetent lymphocytes because of incompatible bone marrow grafts or transfusion ... which results in lymphocyte toxicity, particularly with immature thymic lymphocytes. PNP deficiency is mechanistically similar ... The transfusion of nonirradiated blood products is an important cause of GVHD in all forms of SCID. The risk for GVHD or graft ... In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. Loss of IL-4R ...
Flow Cytometry in Transfusion Medicine: Development, Strategies and Applications Transfus Med Hemother (June,2004) ... Detection by Flow Cytometry of ESAT-6- and PPD-Specific Circulating CD4+ T Lymphocytes as a Diagnostic Tool for Tuberculosis ...
If the infant requires a blood transfusion, the doctors and hospital should use blood that is depleted of white blood cells (or ... In infants with low lymphocytes, immunizations are often delayed until more is known concerning your babys immune system. Live ... irradiated to destroy any viable lymphocytes) and does not contain any CMV. ...
... without transfusions, absence of palpable hepatosplenomegaly, lymph nodes ≤ 1.5 cm, , 30% lymphocytes without nodularity in at ... 53%), lymphocyte count (mean 65.7x109/L vs. 65.1x109/L), and serum lactate dehydrogenase concentration (mean 370.2 vs. 388.4 U/ ... CR was defined as peripheral lymphocyte count ≤ 4 x 109/L, neutrophils ≥ 1.5 x 109/L, platelets ,100 x 109/L, hemoglobin , 110g ... Red blood cell transfusions were administered to 20% of patients receiving bendamustine hydrochloride compared with 6% of ...
Human follicular lymphomas: identification of a second t(14;18) breakpoint cluster region. Haematology and blood transfusion ... EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS-ASSOCIATED NATURAL-KILLER LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTE LEUKEMIA HUMAN PATHOLOGY Gelb, A. B., VANDERIJN, M., ... A 29-year-old woman of Japanese descent developed EBV infection after a blood transfusion as indicated by a rise in serum ... In normal lymph nodes, BCL-2 protein was most abundant in the small lymphocytes of primary lymphoid follicles and the mantle ...
Coupled with well-established in vitro culture and expansion protocols for T lymphocytes, CAR enabled the antigen-directed ... Prior to the invention of CAR, cell therapies were largely limited to allogeneic hematological transfusion and transplantation ...
  • GvHD can also occur after a blood transfusion , known as Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease or TA-GvHD if the blood products used have not been gamma irradiated or treated with an approved leukocyte reduction system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Historically, significant blood loss at the time of liver transplantation has been treated with large allogeneic and autologous (cell saver) transfusions of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), platelets, and cryoprecipitate. (medscape.com)
  • As part of his job, he processed platelets pooled from individual donors for transfusion. (cdc.gov)
  • Jonathan has regular blood tests to monitor his red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets , and he receives transfusions as needed to support chemotherapy. (blood.ca)
  • Sometimes transfusions of platelets or red blood cells are needed by patients. (differencebetween.net)
  • Patients may require blood transfusions to replace lost red blood cells and platelets. (differencebetween.net)
  • In platelet refractoriness, his group studies the pro-inflammatory nature of platelets responsible for adverse reactions during platelet transfusions, particularly how platelet Toll-like receptor expression modulates innate immune mechanisms. (lu.se)
  • His laboratory also studies the recipient immune mechanisms that cause Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), a serious complication of transfusion. (lu.se)
  • Fresh whole blood has long been thought of as the criterion standard for transfusion, but the advent of whole blood fractionation techniques subsequent to World War II provided a means of more efficient use of the various components (i.e., packed red blood cells [PRBCs], fresh frozen plasma [FFP], individual factor concentrates, platelet concentrates, cryoprecipitate). (medscape.com)
  • Experimental pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in leukopenic dogs: prolongation of survival by combined treatment with passive antibody to Pseudomonas and granulocyte transfusions. (umassmed.edu)
  • Fevers, chills, and allergic reactions are not uncommon with granulocyte transfusions. (medscape.com)
  • Regulation of CD27 expression on subsets of mature T-lymphocytes. (aai.org)
  • Subset analysis of the engrafted cells using a multiparametric system enabling a combined analysis of morphology, immunophenotyping and FISH showed that both T and B lymphocytes and myeloid cells were of donor origin in two patients, while T lymphocytes and myeloid cells were of donor origin in the third. (nih.gov)
  • Prolonged survival of neonatal porcine islet xenografts in mice treated with a donor-specific transfusion and anti-CD154 antibody. (umassmed.edu)
  • Virus-induced abrogation of transplantation tolerance induced by donor-specific transfusion and anti-CD154 antibody. (umassmed.edu)
  • STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) and lymphocyte subset (LS) content of approximately 8000 CB units were characterized, and these results were correlated with donor ethnicity, birth weight, gestational age, sex, and type of delivery. (emmes.com)
  • DI-fusion Intrathecal donor lymphocyte infusion for the treatment of. (ac.be)
  • Intrathecal donor lymphocyte infusion for the treatment of suspected refractory lymphomatous meningitis: a case report. (ac.be)
  • Lymphocytes in donor unit 'engraft' leading to rash, diarrhoea, liver impairment, and bone marrow failure. (brainkart.com)
  • Specific advances, including autologous transfusion with cell saver-washed erythrocytes, venovenous bypass, and argon-beam coagulation, have contributed to liver transplantation success. (medscape.com)
  • In some cases, T cells may present, as a result of residual autologous cells or transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Transfusion of autologous tumor-specific CTLs 1-4 and blockade of T cell inhibitory receptors 5-7 have demonstrated to elicit durable clinical benefit in a significant proportion of patients with melanoma, leukemia, lymphoma and other cancers, who failed to respond to conventional treatments. (lifeboat.com)
  • T lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity , so named because the T cells themselves latch onto the antigens of the invader and then initiate reactions that lead to the destruction of the nonself matter. (britannica.com)
  • Cytomegalovirus is probably spread through the body in lymphocytes or mononuclear cells to the lungs, liver, and central nervous system where it often produces inflammatory reactions. (digitalnaturopath.com)
  • If severe reactions such as marked dyspnea or hypotension occur the transfusion should be discontinued, the patient assessed and stabilized, the blood bank notified, and transfusion reaction investigation initiated. (medscape.com)
  • Successful stem cell transplantation for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) from matched family donors without conditioning results in engraftment of T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
  • Because of many transfusion-related complications, especially those from large-volume transfusions, alternative therapies and approaches to transfusion are being investigated in transplantation and other surgical fields. (medscape.com)
  • Prior to the invention of CAR, cell therapies were largely limited to allogeneic hematological transfusion and transplantation. (scienceboard.net)
  • Allogeneic transfusion of whole blood and fractionated blood components remains a controversial topic with respect to transfusion triggers and practices. (medscape.com)
  • Technology making the transfusion of allogeneic blood products feasible includes Karl Landsteiner's landmark identification of the human blood groups A, B, and O in 1901. (medscape.com)
  • In 1971, hepatitis B surface antigen testing heralded the advent of screening to minimize infection transmission complicating allogeneic transfusion. (medscape.com)
  • It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs. (lookformedical.com)
  • Immunotherapy is emerging as a new form to treat cancer by harnessing the activity of cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTLs) that specifically recognize tumor-associated antigens. (lifeboat.com)
  • In ITP, for example, his laboratory is interested in how platelet antigens are processed and presented by antigen-presenting cells to activate T lymphocytes. (lu.se)
  • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of leukemia that develops rapidly and affects the progenitor cells of either B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes. (differencebetween.net)
  • To reduce morbidity and mortality as a result of uncontrolled hemorrhage, patients needing a massive transfusion, specifically addressed in detail later in this chapter, must be quickly identified so that immediate interventions can prevent the development of the lethal triad of coagulopathy, hypothermia, and acidosis. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) should be institutionally monitored by a blood utilization committee that can track initiation, cessation, component wastage, storage of blood products outside of the blood bank, transport standards, and compliance with applicable Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standards. (medscape.com)
  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) priming is a relatively massive transfusion into a pediatric patient. (accjournal.org)
  • On ECMO commencement, a large amount of priming liquid from the extracorporeal circuit enters the body, equivalent to a rapid and massive transfusion. (accjournal.org)
  • He had been admitted at the age of 7 months for thrombocytopenia and had received platelet transfusion. (pediatriconcall.com)
  • The efficacy parameters in this study were myeloablation (defined as one or more of the following: absolute neutrophil count [ANC] less than 0.5x109/L, absolute lymphocyte count [ALC] less than 0.1x109/L, thrombocytopenia defined as a platelet count less than 20,000/mm³ or a platelet transfusion requirement) and engraftment (ANC greater than or equal to 0.5x109/L). All patients (61/61) experienced myeloablation. (clustermed.info)
  • These antibodies can lead to clinically significant adverse effects such as autoimmunity causing immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and alloimmunity causing platelet transfusion refractoriness. (lu.se)
  • The origin of the reactive cells in such patients are either thymic release of T-cells that expand at the periphery or transplacentally transfers of maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
  • A distinctive feature of SCID patients, which sometimes can clinically resemble Omenn, [ 6 ] is the presence of alloreactive cells originated from transplacentally maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
  • To investigate the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as activity markers in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without nephritis and lupus nephritis (LN) patients. (reumatologiaclinica.org)
  • Patients should be closely monitored during transfusion. (medscape.com)
  • T-lymphocytes undergo reprogramming and structuring modification in laboratories, where they get after they are extracted from the blood of patients. (elclinics.com)
  • Les IFN et les IL-10 étaient signi cativement élevés chez ceux qui présentaient une néphropathie diabétique (ND) et une maladie rénale en phase terminale (MRPT) par rapport aux témoins et aux patients diabétiques sans ND. (who.int)
  • It is one of the most common human viruses to cause cancer in humans and is associated with a wide range of human cancers originating from epithelial cells, lymphocytes and mesenchymal cells. (marketresearch.com)
  • The leucocyte count was normal with a differential of 65% neutrophils, 30% lymphocytes and 5%monocytes. (ispub.com)
  • Her research and clinical interests include clinical assay development for tumor immunophenotyping, lymphocyte subset monitoring, and immunotherapy target antigen assessment in a variety of hematologic and immunologic disorders. (stanford.edu)
  • B lymphocytes engraft in only 50% of the cases, while myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis remain of host origin. (nih.gov)
  • Congenital neutrophil defects (i.e., chronic granulomatous disease) and documented refractory bacterial or fungal infection failing to respond to appropriate antimicrobial therapy for more than 24 to 48 hours may be considered for granulocyte transfusion. (medscape.com)
  • 2) The abnormal gene is located on the short arm of the X chromosome at Xp11.22-p11.23 near the centromere and encodes the WAS protein (WASp), which is a 501-amino acid cytoplasmic protein that manifests in lymphocyte and megakaryocyte cell lines. (pediatriconcall.com)
  • It's a cancer that develops in the lymphatic system and causes infection-fighting white blood cells called lymphocytes to multiply in an abnormal way. (blood.ca)
  • Cardiac arrest associated with hyperkalemia during red blood cell transfusion is a rare but fatal complication. (accjournal.org)
  • Two days after ECMO support commenced, we ordered the transfusion of two packs of packed RBCs that had been γ-irradiated 19 hours prior, and no specific complication developed during transfusion. (accjournal.org)
  • A scanning electron micrograph of a human T lymphocyte (or T cell) from the immune system of a healthy person. (britannica.com)
  • The key cells of the immune system are the white blood cells known as lymphocytes. (britannica.com)
  • Herein, we report a case of transfusion-associated cardiac arrest following the initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in a 9-month old infant. (accjournal.org)
  • 1 ] Moreover, when an infant is undergoing ECMO, the use of irradiated pre-stored packed red blood cell (RBC) to prime ECMO support may increase the risk of transfusion-associated hyperkalemic cardiac arrest (TAHCA). (accjournal.org)
  • The occurrence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in intravenous (IV) drug users, blood transfusion recipients, and persons with hemophilia indicates that parenteral transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) occurs via infectious blood or blood products (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Currently available practices have nearly eliminated these risks for transfusion recipients and persons with hemophilia (2,3). (cdc.gov)
  • Recipients of blood transfusions from donors with positive CMV antibodies are at some risk. (digitalnaturopath.com)
  • Minor incompatibilities (i.e. group O+ blood given to an O- child) will not cause intravascular haemolysis but will cause sensitization and problems for future transfusions, in particular in females during later pregnancies. (brainkart.com)
  • This therapeutic technique involves the use of individual T-cells - T-lymphocytes - radical and powerful cellular structures "defending" organisms. (elclinics.com)
  • These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
  • To treat, slow transfusion rate and give paracetamol and antihistamines. (brainkart.com)
  • Professor Semple has published more than 200 papers in the area of platelet immunology and transfusion medicine. (lu.se)
  • Dept. of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam. (aai.org)
  • The structure of the T-lymphocyte is modified artificially by introducing a virus created in the laboratory. (elclinics.com)
  • Jonathan Riley, left, requires blood transfusions while being treated for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (blood.ca)
  • Granulocyte transfusion is a supportive adjuvant therapy to manage infections uncontrolled by standard medical therapy and thus should not be used as first line treatment or as the sole treatment of infection. (medscape.com)
  • Leukocyte Transfusion" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
  • NHFR are frequent tamination at different storage timecpoints, sideceffects that occur in 4% to 30% of to quantify the effects of storage on platec platelet transfusions. (who.int)
  • Fever and rigors occur within few hours of starting or completing the transfusion. (brainkart.com)
  • Surgery, Blood transfusion, Internal bleeding (potentially) not confirmed, Sudden onset anemia, potential aneurism, possible tear in her reproductive area due to 7 sacks being present etc. (beardeddragon.org)
  • Current Research and Scholarly Interests Dr. Oak received her MD and PhD from University of California, Irvine, and completed her anatomic pathology and clinical pathology residency, hematopathology fellowship, and transfusion medicine fellowship at Stanford University. (stanford.edu)
  • He joined Lund University in 2016 as a Professor of Transfusion Medicine. (lu.se)
  • Decision to transfuse granulocytes should be made in consultation with the transfusion medicine physician because of a lack of established efficacy in randomized controlled trials and the coordination required to provide granulocytes as they must be collected the day of transfusion. (medscape.com)
  • If the reaction seems mild to moderate and you are uncertain about the best course of action, pause the transfusion and immediately page the transfusion medicine physician. (medscape.com)
  • The autoimmune nature of diabetes and inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (as markers the major contribution of lymphocyte T- of inflammatory changes) and the soluble cells are well established. (who.int)
  • Coupled with well-established in vitro culture and expansion protocols for T lymphocytes, CAR enabled the antigen-directed cytotoxicity of T cells to be harnessed, expanding the scope of cell therapy. (scienceboard.net)
  • We suggest that a high-tolerance capacity of the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes represents a toleration advantage, yet still associated with severe immunodeficiency. (hindawi.com)
  • Twenty minutes into the transfusion, the patient starts complaining of severe flank pain and chills. (prospectivedoctor.com)
  • When interviewed by a physician, the patient denied IV drug use or blood transfusions and reported being heterosexually monogamous since 1981. (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Beyond this basic grouping, SCID may be categorized according to phenotypic lymphocyte profiles that include both B-cell status (B + or B - ) and NK-cell status (NK + or NK - ) in addition to T-cell status (T - , because there is always a T-cell deficiency in SCID). (medscape.com)
  • Introduction tions of T-cell derived IL-2R are increased in mixed lymphocyte cultures. (who.int)
  • Under a magnification of 1000X, this photomicrograph of a blood smear, revealed the presence of a leukocyte, or white blood cell (WBC), specifically known as a lymphocyte (arrowhead). (cdc.gov)
  • The number of T-lymphocytes that have undergone modification is increased by artificially catalyzing the process of cell division. (elclinics.com)
  • Delayed reaction after a platelet transfusion, i.e. not immediate, but within a few hours, must raise the suspicion of an infected product, requiring immediate blood cultures, broad spectrum antibiotics. (brainkart.com)
  • Peripheral smear showed mild anisocytosis, hypochromasia, poikilocytosis of the red blood cells (RBC) with reduced WBC count and there was presence of plasmacytoid lymphocytes. (pediatriconcall.com)
  • However, it remains unclear whether these differences in outcome are related to the transfusion as an independent risk factor or the transfusion is a marker for a technically more difficult surgery. (medscape.com)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Leukocyte Transfusion" by people in this website by year, and whether "Leukocyte Transfusion" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
  • The T-helper lymphocytes are major target of viruses because CD4 receptor is present predominantly on it. (bjmhr.com)
  • In spite of widespread use, data supporting specific practice paradigms for whole blood and component therapy transfusion are lacking, the notable exception being in the primary treatment of hemorrhagic shock. (medscape.com)
  • Opinions are embraced and defended, but transfusion of red blood cells has not reliably demonstrated increased survival, other than in 2 specific populations, as follows: (1) those with active hemorrhage, and (2) those with active cardiac ischemia. (medscape.com)
  • It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • CD27, a lymphocyte-specific member of the TNF/NGF-R family, is expressed on the majority of peripheral blood T cells. (aai.org)
  • While the autoreactive cells displayed significantly reduced Tregs numbers, the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes had high functional Tregs. (hindawi.com)
  • The history of blood transfusion originated with William Harvey's discovery of blood circulation in 1628. (medscape.com)
  • There was no prior history of blood transfusion. (ispub.com)