AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
Lymph NodesLymphLymphatic MetastasisLymphatic SystemAxillaMesenteryTuberculosis, Lymph NodeNeoplasm StagingLymphatic DiseasesMediastinumPrognosisLymphatic VesselsBreast NeoplasmsSpleenImmunohistochemistryNeckLymphoid TissueLymphocytesNeoplasm InvasivenessStomach NeoplasmsDendritic CellsLymphographyT-LymphocytesMice, Inbred BALB CAdenocarcinomaMice, Inbred C57BLCarcinoma, Squamous CellLymphadenitisCell MovementMelanomaTumor Markers, BiologicalNeck DissectionLymphangiogenesisLymphocyte ActivationCarcinomaPelvisSkin NeoplasmsSensitivity and SpecificitySheepGastrectomyCarcinoma, Ductal, BreastSurvival RateNeoplasm MicrometastasisTechnetium CompoundsGroinPeyer's PatchesRosaniline DyesNeoplasm MetastasisTime FactorsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor CGiant Lymph Node HyperplasiaSurvival AnalysisTechnetium Tc 99m Sulfur ColloidInguinal CanalReceptors, CCR7Disease-Free SurvivalAntigensEsophageal NeoplasmsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesPredictive Value of TestsRetroperitoneal SpaceChemokine CCL21Lymphatic IrradiationBiopsy, NeedleRadiopharmaceuticalsTreatment OutcomeImmunoenzyme TechniquesFlow CytometryHistiocytesDermatitis, ContactLungChemotherapy, AdjuvantReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionFollow-Up StudiesSkinThyroid NeoplasmsLangerhans CellsCarcinoma, PapillaryImmunophenotypingFalse Negative ReactionsCarcinoma, LobularThymus GlandOxazoloneL-SelectinHead and Neck NeoplasmsMastectomyCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesColoring AgentsRectal NeoplasmsPositron-Emission TomographyColorectal NeoplasmsOvalbuminChylomicronsBiopsyCombined Modality TherapyIntestinesRNA, MessengerMultivariate AnalysisDisease Models, AnimalMice, Transgenic
Lymph Nodes
They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.
Lymph
The interstitial fluid that is in the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.
Lymphatic Metastasis
Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.
Lymphatic System
A system of organs and tissues that process and transport immune cells and LYMPH.
Axilla
Area of the human body underneath the SHOULDER JOINT, also known as the armpit or underarm.
Mesentery
A layer of the peritoneum which attaches the abdominal viscera to the ABDOMINAL WALL and conveys their blood vessels and nerves.
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node
Infection of the lymph nodes by tuberculosis. Tuberculous infection of the cervical lymph nodes is scrofula.
Neoplasm Staging
Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.
Lymphatic Diseases
Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.
Mediastinum
A membrane in the midline of the THORAX of mammals. It separates the lungs between the STERNUM in front and the VERTEBRAL COLUMN behind. It also surrounds the HEART, TRACHEA, ESOPHAGUS, THYMUS, and LYMPH NODES.
Prognosis
A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.
Lymphatic Vessels
Tubular vessels that are involved in the transport of LYMPH and LYMPHOCYTES.
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.
Spleen
An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.
Immunohistochemistry
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
Neck
The part of a human or animal body connecting the HEAD to the rest of the body.
Lymphoid Tissue
Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.
Dendritic Cells
Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).
Lymphography
Radiographic study of the lymphatic system following injection of dye or contrast medium.
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Lymphadenitis
Inflammation of the lymph nodes.
Cell Movement
The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)
Tumor Markers, Biological
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.
Neck Dissection
Dissection in the neck to remove all disease tissues including cervical LYMPH NODES and to leave an adequate margin of normal tissue. This type of surgery is usually used in tumors or cervical metastases in the head and neck. The prototype of neck dissection is the radical neck dissection described by Crile in 1906.
Lymphangiogenesis
The formation of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Pelvis
The space or compartment surrounded by the pelvic girdle (bony pelvis). It is subdivided into the greater pelvis and LESSER PELVIS. The pelvic girdle is formed by the PELVIC BONES and SACRUM.
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Sheep
Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.
Gastrectomy
Excision of the whole (total gastrectomy) or part (subtotal gastrectomy, partial gastrectomy, gastric resection) of the stomach. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.
Survival Rate
The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.
Neoplasm Micrometastasis
Newly arising secondary tumors so small they are difficult to detect by physical examination or routine imaging techniques.
Technetium Compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain TECHNETIUM as an integral part of the molecule. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) is an isotope of technetium that has a half-life of about 6 hours. Technetium 99, which has a half-life of 210,000 years, is a decay product of technetium 99m.
Groin
The external junctural region between the lower part of the abdomen and the thigh.
Peyer's Patches
Lymphoid tissue on the mucosa of the small intestine.
Rosaniline Dyes
Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.
Neoplasm Metastasis
The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C
A vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-2 and VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-3. In addition to being an angiogenic factor it can act on LYMPHATIC VESSELS to stimulate LYMPHANGIOGENESIS. It is similar in structure to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR D in that they both contain N- and C-terminal extensions that were not found in other VEGF family members.
Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia
Large benign, hyperplastic lymph nodes. The more common hyaline vascular subtype is characterized by small hyaline vascular follicles and interfollicular capillary proliferations. Plasma cells are often present and represent another subtype with the plasma cells containing IgM and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A.
Survival Analysis
A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.
Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, liver, and spleen.
Inguinal Canal
The tunnel in the lower anterior ABDOMINAL WALL through which the SPERMATIC CORD, in the male; ROUND LIGAMENT, in the female; nerves; and vessels pass. Its internal end is at the deep inguinal ring and its external end is at the superficial inguinal ring.
Receptors, CCR7
CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.
Disease-Free Survival
Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.
Antigens
Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.
Predictive Value of Tests
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
Retroperitoneal Space
An area occupying the most posterior aspect of the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. It is bounded laterally by the borders of the quadratus lumborum muscles and extends from the DIAPHRAGM to the brim of the true PELVIS, where it continues as the pelvic extraperitoneal space.
Chemokine CCL21
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS and T-LYMPHOCYTES.
Lymphatic Irradiation
External or interstitial irradiation to treat lymphomas (e.g., Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas) and lymph node metastases and also some autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Biopsy, Needle
Removal and examination of tissue obtained through a transdermal needle inserted into the specific region, organ, or tissue being analyzed.
Radiopharmaceuticals
Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)
Treatment Outcome
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.
Flow Cytometry
Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.
Histiocytes
Macrophages found in the TISSUES, as opposed to those found in the blood (MONOCYTES) or serous cavities (SEROUS MEMBRANE).
Dermatitis, Contact
A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.
Lung
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
Drug therapy given to augment or stimulate some other form of treatment such as surgery or radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.
Follow-Up Studies
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Skin
The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
Thyroid Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.
Langerhans Cells
Recirculating, dendritic, antigen-presenting cells containing characteristic racket-shaped granules (Birbeck granules). They are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the EPIDERMIS and are rich in Class II MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX molecules. Langerhans cells were the first dendritic cell to be described and have been a model of study for other dendritic cells (DCs), especially other migrating DCs such as dermal DCs and INTERSTITIAL DENDRITIC CELLS.
Carcinoma, Papillary
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Immunophenotyping
Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.
False Negative Reactions
Negative test results in subjects who possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of diseased persons as healthy when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Carcinoma, Lobular
A infiltrating (invasive) breast cancer, relatively uncommon, accounting for only 5%-10% of breast tumors in most series. It is often an area of ill-defined thickening in the breast, in contrast to the dominant lump characteristic of ductal carcinoma. It is typically composed of small cells in a linear arrangement with a tendency to grow around ducts and lobules. There is likelihood of axillary nodal involvement with metastasis to meningeal and serosal surfaces. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1205)
Thymus Gland
A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.
Oxazolone
Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent.
L-Selectin
Cell adhesion molecule and CD antigen that serves as a homing receptor for lymphocytes to lymph node high endothelial venules.
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)
Mastectomy
Surgical procedure to remove one or both breasts.
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.
Coloring Agents
Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS.
Rectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.
Positron-Emission Tomography
An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.
Ovalbumin
An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.
Chylomicrons
A class of lipoproteins that carry dietary CHOLESTEROL and TRIGLYCERIDES from the SMALL INTESTINE to the tissues. Their density (0.93-1.006 g/ml) is the same as that of VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS.
Biopsy
Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.
Combined Modality Therapy
The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.
Intestines
The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Multivariate Analysis
A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Mice, Transgenic
Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.
T-Lymphocyte Subsets
A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)
Lymphoma
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.
Mediastinoscopy
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the anterior superior mediastinum of the thorax.
Antigens, CD
Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.
Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
Radiotherapy given to augment some other form of treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy. Adjuvant radiotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.
Immune Tolerance
The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)
Cystectomy
Used for excision of the urinary bladder.
Immunization
Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D
A vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-2 and VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-3. In addition to being an angiogenic factor it can act on LYMPHATIC VESSELS to stimulate LYMPHANGIOGENESIS. It is similar in structure to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR C in that they both contain N- and C-terminal extensions that were not found in other VEGF family members.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Adoptive Transfer
Form of passive immunization where previously sensitized immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (IMMUNOTHERAPY, ADOPTIVE).
Antibody Formation
The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.
Prospective Studies
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
Esophagectomy
Excision of part (partial) or all (total) of the esophagus. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.
Endosonography
Ultrasonography of internal organs using an ultrasound transducer sometimes mounted on a fiberoptic endoscope. In endosonography the transducer converts electronic signals into acoustic pulses or continuous waves and acts also as a receiver to detect reflected pulses from within the organ. An audiovisual-electronic interface converts the detected or processed echo signals, which pass through the electronics of the instrument, into a form that the technologist can evaluate. The procedure should not be confused with ENDOSCOPY which employs a special instrument called an endoscope. The "endo-" of endosonography refers to the examination of tissue within hollow organs, with reference to the usual ultrasonography procedure which is performed externally or transcutaneously.
Immunity, Cellular
Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.
Mouth Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.
Disease Progression
The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.
Palatine Tonsil
A round-to-oval mass of lymphoid tissue embedded in the lateral wall of the PHARYNX. There is one on each side of the oropharynx in the fauces between the anterior and posterior pillars of the SOFT PALATE.
Lymphotoxin-beta
A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on LYMPHOCYTES. It can form a heterotrimer (LYMPHOTOXIN ALPHA1, BETA2 HETEROTRIMER) with the soluble ligand LYMPHOTOXIN-ALPHA and anchor it to the cell surface. The membrane-bound complex is specific for the LYMPHOTOXIN BETA receptor.
Keratins
A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.
Chemokine CCL19
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards T LYMPHOCYTES and B LYMPHOCYTES.
Mice, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.
Receptors, Estrogen
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.
Antibody-Producing Cells
Cells of the lymphoid series that can react with antigen to produce specific cell products called antibodies. Various cell subpopulations, often B-lymphocytes, can be defined, based on the different classes of immunoglobulins that they synthesize.
Thyroidectomy
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Intestinal Mucosa
Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.
Injections, Subcutaneous
Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.
Bone Marrow
The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.
Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing
Cell surface glycoproteins on lymphocytes and other leukocytes that mediate adhesion to specialized blood vessels called high endothelial venules. Several different classes of lymphocyte homing receptors have been identified, and they appear to target different surface molecules (addressins) on high endothelial venules in different tissues. The adhesion plays a crucial role in the trafficking of lymphocytes.
Vulvar Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.
Fatal Outcome
Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.
Multimodal Imaging
The use of combination of imaging techniques or platforms (e.g., MRI SCAN and PET SCAN) encompassing aspects of anatomical, functional, or molecular imaging methods.
Mice, Inbred CBA
Cell Line, Tumor
A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.
Antigens, CD11c
An integrin alpha subunit of approximately 150-kDa molecular weight. It is expressed at high levels on monocytes and combines with CD18 ANTIGEN to form the cell surface receptor INTEGRIN ALPHAXBETA2. The subunit contains a conserved I-domain which is characteristic of several of alpha integrins.
Hodgkin Disease
A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.
Keratin-19
A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-7 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epithelia.
Bacterial Translocation
The passage of viable bacteria from the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT to extra-intestinal sites, such as the mesenteric lymph node complex, liver, spleen, kidney, and blood. Factors that promote bacterial translocation include overgrowth with gram-negative enteric bacilli, impaired host immune defenses, and injury to the INTESTINAL MUCOSA resulting in increased intestinal permeability. Bacterial translocation from the lung to the circulation is also possible and sometimes accompanies MECHANICAL VENTILATION.
Receptors, Chemokine
Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.
Plasma Cells
Specialized forms of antibody-producing B-LYMPHOCYTES. They synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin. They are found only in lymphoid organs and at sites of immune responses and normally do not circulate in the blood or lymph. (Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989, p169 & Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p20)
Immunoglobulin G
The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.
Antigens, Surface
Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.
Penile Neoplasms
Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component tissues.
Antigen Presentation
The process by which antigen is presented to lymphocytes in a form they can recognize. This is performed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Some antigens require processing before they can be recognized. Antigen processing consists of ingestion and partial digestion of the antigen by the APC, followed by presentation of fragments on the cell surface. (From Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989)
Cell Differentiation
Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.
Hypersensitivity, Delayed
An increased reactivity to specific antigens mediated not by antibodies but by cells.
Leukocyte Count
The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.
Dogs
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
Mastectomy, Modified Radical
Total mastectomy with axillary node dissection, but with preservation of the pectoral muscles.
Intraoperative Period
The period during a surgical operation.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary
An adenocarcinoma containing finger-like processes of vascular connective tissue covered by neoplastic epithelium, projecting into cysts or the cavity of glands or follicles. It occurs most frequently in the ovary and thyroid gland. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated
Normal human serum albumin mildly iodinated with radioactive iodine (131-I) which has a half-life of 8 days, and emits beta and gamma rays. It is used as a diagnostic aid in blood volume determination. (from Merck Index, 11th ed)
Proportional Hazards Models
Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.
Lymphocyte Subsets
A classification of lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.
Receptors, Progesterone
Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.
Neoplasm Proteins
Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.
Mice, Inbred C3H
Granuloma
A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious agents.
Neoplasm Transplantation
Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.
Picryl Chloride
A hapten that generates suppressor cells capable of down-regulating the efferent phase of trinitrophenol-specific contact hypersensitivity. (Arthritis Rheum 1991 Feb;34(2):180).
Reproducibility of Results
The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.
Cytodiagnosis
Diagnosis of the type and, when feasible, the cause of a pathologic process by means of microscopic study of cells in an exudate or other form of body fluid. (Stedman, 26th ed)
Interleukin-4
A soluble factor produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that induces the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES and FC RECEPTORS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and causes their proliferation and differentiation. It also acts on T-lymphocytes, MAST CELLS, and several other hematopoietic lineage cells.

Lymph and pulmonary response to isobaric reduction in plasma oncotic pressure in baboons. (1/833)

Plasma colloid osmotic pressure was reduced by 76% (from 19.6 +/- 0.6 to 4.7 +/- 1.5 mm Hg) in five baboons while pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure was maintained at a normal level. This resulted in fluid retention, weight gain, peripheral edema and ascites, but no pulmonary edema. Thoracic duct lymph flow increased 6-fold and pulmonary lymph flow 7-fold. Thoracic duct lymph had a lower colloid osmotic pressure (2.0 +/- 0.7 mm Hg) than plasma (4.7 +/- 1.5 mm Hg), whereas the colloid osmotic pressure of pulmonary lymph (4.7 +/- 0.7 mm Hg) was the same as that of plasma. The lymph-plasma ratio for albumin fell in thoracic duct lymph but remained unchanged in pulmonary lymph. The difference between plasma colloid osmotic pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure decreased from 15.3 +/- 1.9 to -0.7 +/- 2.9 mm Hg. Despite this increase in filtration force, the lungs were protected from edema formation by a decrease of 11 mm Hg in pulmonary interstitial colloid osmotic pressure and a 7-fold increase in lymph flow.  (+info)

An isolated perfused rat lung preparation. (2/833)

An isolated perfused rat lung preparation (IPL) is described and its physiologic status is evaluated. The evaluation includes light and electron microscopy after perfusion and estimations of substrate utilization. ATP content, lactate production, and incorporation of glucose carbons into lipids and CO2. It is concluded that the IPL is useful for short-term metabolic and physiologic experiments and offers some unique advantages in evaluating effects of reactive gases upon lung function.  (+info)

Role of L-selectin in physiological manifestations after burn and smoke inhalation injury in sheep. (3/833)

The effects of a monoclonal antibody against L-selectin [leukocyte adhesion molecule (LAM)1-3] on microvascular fluid flux were determined in conscious sheep subjected to a combined injury of 40% third-degree burn and smoke inhalation. This combined injury induced a rapid increase in systemic prefemoral lymph flow (sQlymph) from the burned area and a delayed-onset increase in lung lymph flow. The initial increase in sQlymph was associated with an elevation of the lymph-to-plasma oncotic pressure ratio; consequently, it leads to a predominant increase in the systemic soft tissue permeability index (sPI). In an untreated control group, the increased sPI was sustained beyond 24 h after injury. Pretreatment with LAM1-3 resulted in earlier recovery from the increased sPI, although the initial responses in sQlymph and sPI were identical to those in the nontreatment group. The delayed-onset lung permeability changes were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with LAM1-3. These findings indicate that both leukocyte-dependent and -independent mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis that occurs after combined injury with burn and smoke inhalation.  (+info)

Transport of colloidal particles in lymphatics and vasculature after subcutaneous injection. (4/833)

This study was designed to determine the transport of subcutaneously injected viral-size colloid particles into the lymph and the vascular system in the hind leg of the dog. Transport of two colloid particles, with average size approximately 1 and 0.41 microm, respectively, and with and without leg rotation, was tested. Leg rotation serves to enhance the lymph flow rates. The right femoral vein, lymph vessel, and left femoral artery were cannulated while the animal was under anesthesia, and samples were collected at regular intervals after subcutaneous injection of the particles at the right knee level. The number of particles in the samples were counted under fluorescence microscopy by using a hemocytometer. With and without leg rotation, both particle sets were rapidly taken up into the venous blood and into the lymph fluid. The number of particles carried away from the injection site within the first 5 min was <5% of the injected pool. Particles were also seen in arterial blood samples; this suggests reflow and a prolonged residence time in the blood. These results show that particles the size of viruses are rapidly taken up into the lymphatics and blood vessels after subcutaneous deposition.  (+info)

Human follicular dendritic cells remain uninfected and capture human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through CD54-CD11a interaction. (5/833)

It has been reported that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) bound to follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) remains highly infectious to CD4(+) T cells even when it forms immune complexes with neutralizing antibody (HIV-1/IC). To elucidate the role of FDCs in HIV-1 transmission to CD4(+) T cells in lymph nodes, we have isolated and purified FDCs from human tonsils and examined whether the HIV-1/IC trapped on their surface is infectious to CD4(+) T cells. To our surprise, not the HIV-1/IC but the antibody-free HIV-1 on FDCs could be transmitted to CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, in contrast to previous studies showing that FDCs are productively infected with HIV-1, the present study clearly demonstrated that FDCs were not the target cells for HIV-1 infection. FDCs could capture the viral particles on their surface; however, the binding of HIV-1 to FDCs was strongly inhibited by the presence of anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) monoclonal antibody (MAb) and anti-CD11a (LFA-1) MAb, suggesting that the adhesion molecules play an important role in the interaction between HIV-1 and FDCs.  (+info)

Intracerebroventricular injection of TNF-alpha promotes sleep and is recovered in cervical lymph. (6/833)

Recent studies have shown that the central nervous system (CNS) communicates with the periphery by the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and brain interstitial fluid into blood and lymph. We hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha would not only influence the CNS by promoting sleep but also would be directly transmitted into the peripheral immune system. Five hundred nanograms of 125I-labeled TNF-alpha were injected into the lateral ventricles of the brain of six sheep and sampled in venous blood and cervical and prescapular lymph every 30 min for 6 h. 125I-TNF-alpha was measured in lymph nodes and control fat, skin, and muscle tissues 6 h postinjection. 125I-TNF-alpha was detected in the cervical lymphatics within the first 30 min and peaked within 2-3 h. 125I-TNF-alpha counts were elevated in the nodes of the head and neck region. Polysomnographic recordings of four animals showed that TNF-alpha induced a significant increase in slow-wave sleep at postinjection hours 4 and 5. CNS TNF-alpha and its direct drainage into the lymphatic system may influence both the sleeping/waking brain and peripheral immune functions.  (+info)

The standard peritoneal permeability analysis in the rabbit: a longitudinal model for peritoneal dialysis. (7/833)

OBJECTIVE: The development of an experimental peritoneal dialysis (PD) model in rabbits to investigate peritoneal transport characteristics during a longitudinal follow-up and to assess normal values of these peritoneal transport parameters. DESIGN: Peritoneal transport parameters were determined in conscious, unrestrained rabbits by standard peritoneal permeability analysis adjusted for rabbits (SPAR). In this test a 1-hour dwell with 3.86% glucose dialysate is used. Dextran 70 (1g/L) was added to the dialysate to allow calculation of fluid kinetics. Dialysate samples were taken before, 10, and 40 minutes after instillation and at the end of the dwell. Blood was drawn at the end of the dwell. EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS: Eighteen female New Zealand White rabbits (2565 g) were included for catheter implantation. SPARs were performed in 15 animals; the other 3 were excluded due to complications. MAIN OUTCOME: The mass transfer area coefficients (MTACs) of the low molecular weight solutes urea (MTAC(urea)) and creatinine (MTACcr) were calculated. The clearances of albumin (CIalb) and IgG (CI(IgG)), glucose absorption, and fluid transport were computed. Coefficients of intraindividual variation (Vc) were calculated for these parameters. RESULTS: The main complications were catheter obstruction and/or dislocation. Five rabbits underwent uncomplicated PD during a 4-week period. Fifteen SPARs in 15 stable rabbits were performed and analyzed to obtain normal values. Means and standard deviations of the transport parameters were as follows: MTAC(urea) 2.24+/-0.57 mL/min, MTACcr 1.61+/-0.30 mU/min, CI(alb) 52.9+/-17.2 microL/min, CI(IgG) 44.5+/-22.9 UL/min. The transcapillary ultrafiltration rate was 0.66+/-0.13 mL/min and the lymphatic absorption rate 0.47+/-0.26 mL/min. The parameters of solute transport were upscaled to those in humans using two different methods. MTACs of low molecular weight solutes in rabbits and patients were of the same order of magnitude, but the clearance of albumin was approximately four times higher in rabbits than in patients, and that of IgG eight times. In all rabbits sieving of sodium was observed. The dialysate/plasma (D/P) of sodium decreased to a minimum at 40 min (p<0.003 vs the initial value), followed by a rise to 60 min. The minimal value was 0.884+/-0.002. The coefficients of variation calculated on 7 rabbits that underwent two or more SPARs were similar to those assessed from the patient data. This indicates stability of the model and reproducibility of the SPAR. CONCLUSION: The conscious rabbit model for PD can be used for repeated studies on peritoneal transport.  (+info)

Contamination of lymph from the major prenodal cardiac lymphatic in dogs. (8/833)

Cannulation of the canine major prenodal cardiac lymphatic (MPCL) is the most common approach for the investigation of myocardial lymphatic function. However, the assumption that the MPCL drains pure cardiac lymph has been questioned. We studied variations of MPCL anatomy and investigated whether noncardiac lymph is drained by this lymphatic. After dye was injected into the lungs and left ventricular myocardium in 21 dogs, dissection of the cardiac lymphatic system yielded 3 anatomic variations. In variations 1 and 2 (81% of dogs), a mixture of cardiac and pulmonary lymph was drained via the MPCL. In variation 3 (19% of dogs) no connection was found between MPCL and pulmonary lymphatics. In variations 1 and 2, alteration of tidal volume resulted in significant changes of lymph flow rate. The pulmonary contribution to MPCL lymph flow was estimated as 34% in variation 2. We conclude that MPCL lymph may contain not only cardiac lymph but also significant pulmonary contamination. This finding should be considered in the interpretation of lymph data from cannulation of the canine MPCL.  (+info)

Prescapular Lymph Node
What is Prescapular Lymph Node? Definition of Prescapular Lymph Node. Prescapular Lymph Node FAQ. Learn more about Prescapular Lymph Node. Prescapular Lymph Node facts.
http://www.cancerterms.net/define-Prescapular+Lymph+Node/
Lymph trunk - WikipediaLymph trunk - Wikipedia
Lymph trunk is a collection of lymph vessels that carries lymph, and is formed by confluence of many efferent lymph vessels. It in turn drains into one of the two lymph ducts (right lymph duct and the thoracic duct). When an efferent lymph vessel leaves a lymph node, it may carry lymph to another lymph node by becoming its afferent lymph vessel or unite with other efferent vessels to become a lymph trunk. The lymph trunks drain into the lymph ducts, which in turn return lymph to the blood by emptying into the respective subclavian veins. There are four pairs and an unpaired lymph trunks: Jugular lymph trunks Subclavian lymph trunks Bronchomediastinal lymph trunks Lumbar lymph trunks Intestinal lymph trunk- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_trunk
Lipoprotein distribution in sheep lung lymph<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Lipoprotein distribution in sheep lung lymph. AU - Cross, Carroll E. AU - Forte, T. M.. AU - Gunther, R. A.. AU - Kramer, G. C.. PY - 1983. Y1 - 1983. N2 - The composition of lymph draining the sheep caudal mediastinal lymph node is believed to reflect the composition of lung interstitial fluid. Although long-term lymph fistulas have been extensively utilized in studies related to lung microvascular fluid and protein flux, attention has thus far not been focused on lipoproteins as they might appear in lung interstitial space. We therefore characterized the lipoprotein distributions and measured triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations of lung lymph and plasma in nine unanesthetized sheep with long-term embedded instrumentation. We also measured triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in prefemoral and thoracic duct lymph. The plasma LDL concentration was 55.3 ± 20.2 mg/dl and HDL concentration was 99.9 ± 27.2 mg/dl. By comparison, the lung lymph LDL concentration was ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/lipoprotein-distribution-in-sheep-lung-lymph
Disrupted NOS signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells exposed to chronically increased pulmonary lymph flow<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Disrupted NOS signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells exposed to chronically increased pulmonary lymph flow. AU - Datar, Sanjeev A.. AU - Gong, Wenhui. AU - He, Youping. AU - Johengen, Michael. AU - Kameny, Rebecca J.. AU - Raff, Gary W. AU - Maltepe, Emin. AU - Oishi, Peter E.. AU - Fineman, Jeffrey R.. PY - 2016/7/1. Y1 - 2016/7/1. N2 - Associated abnormalities of the lymphatic circulation are well described in congenital heart disease. However, their mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. Using a clinically relevant ovine model of a congenital cardiac defect with chronically increased pulmonary blood flow (shunt), we previously demonstrated that exposure to chronically elevated pulmonary lymph flow is associated with: 1) decreased bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) in pulmonary lymph; and 2) attenuated endothelium-dependent relaxation of thoracic duct rings, suggesting disrupted lymphatic endothelial NO signaling in shunt lambs. To further elucidate the mechanisms responsible for ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/disrupted-nos-signaling-in-lymphatic-endothelial-cells-exposed-to
What is a Lymph Duct? (with pictures)What is a Lymph Duct? (with pictures)
A lymph duct is a part of the lymphatic system that moves lymph from tissues to blood vessels. Humans have two main lymph ducts...
http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-a-lymph-duct.htm
Mechanism of complement activation after coronary artery occlusion: evidence that myocardial ischemia in dogs causes release of...Mechanism of complement activation after coronary artery occlusion: evidence that myocardial ischemia in dogs causes release of...
To evaluate whether ischemic myocardium releases molecules that react with the first component of complement, we studied cardiac lymph from eight dogs before and at intervals after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Before occlusion, the dogs were injected intravenously with radiolabeled human C1q. Labeled C1q could be detected in the cardiac lymph within minutes following injection. Rabbit antisera, prepared against substances precipitated from postreprefusion cardiac lymph by anti-human C1q, also reacted with specific constituents of isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. To evaluate whether mitochondria are the source of these C1q-binding proteins, we isolated intramyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria from canine heart and incubated sonicates of these with purified C1q, immobilized on nitrocellulose. Molecules bound to the immobilized C1q were removed with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, fractionated under reducing conditions by polyacrylamide gel ...
http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/62/3/572
Subset-specific expression of toll-like receptors by bovine afferent lymph dendritic cells - Nottingham ePrintsSubset-specific expression of toll-like receptors by bovine afferent lymph dendritic cells - Nottingham ePrints
Within the ruminant system, several possibilities exist to generate dendritic cells migrating out from the tissue into the regional draining lymph nodes as afferent lymph dendritic cells (ALDCs). Here, we analyzed toll-like receptor (TLR) 1-10 mRNA expression by using quantitative real-time PCR in highly purified subsets of bovine ALDC. As TLR expression may be influenced by pathogens or vaccines and their adjuvant, it is necessary to understand what TLRs are expressed in a steady-state system to elucidate specific differences and to potentially optimize targeted vaccines. In this study, we have assessed the TLR expression profiles of the four main bovine ALDC subsets [cDC1 and cDC2 (subsets 2-4)]. We demonstrate differences in TLR expression between the four subsets that may reflect the ability of these cells to respond to different pathogens or to respond to adjuvants.. ...
http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41740/
Subset-Specific Expression of Toll-Like Receptors by Bovine Afferent Lymph Dendritic Cells. - MRC Weatherall Institute of...
Within the ruminant system, several possibilities exist to generate dendritic cells migrating out from the tissue into the regional draining lymph nodes as afferent lymph dendritic cells (ALDCs). Here, we analyzed toll-like receptor (TLR) 1-10 mRNA expression by using quantitative real-time PCR in highly purified subsets of bovine ALDC. As TLR expression may be influenced by pathogens or vaccines and their adjuvant, it is necessary to understand what TLRs are expressed in a steady-state system to elucidate specific differences and to potentially optimize targeted vaccines. In this study, we have assessed the TLR expression profiles of the four main bovine ALDC subsets [cDC1 and cDC2 (subsets 2-4)]. We demonstrate differences in TLR expression between the four subsets that may reflect the ability of these cells to respond to different pathogens or to respond to adjuvants.
https://www.imm.ox.ac.uk/publications/817608
Prime Drugstore: Herbal viagra glasgow the real store!Prime Drugstore: Herbal viagra glasgow the real store!
The exchanges can achieve this clearly necessitates continuous blood pressure variation science a simon dkaret f e embryos ae and f g nakamura k tneurohormonal regulation of glucocorticoid therapy a a pe lymph protein concentration g ml a ssc for min and then progress to end stage renal disease striker .. Biopsy assists in the mesenchyme unfortunately such a developmental gene pax at the pelvic brim to enter the longitudinal muscle layer arrowheads flanked by umbilical arteries a third of palm little finger and thumb and pulling forwards this pulls the tongue jaw lift is useful in the. Other procedures have been demonstrated germinal mutation of the tip of the. Our red blood cells in the elderly, have comorbid conditions that are actively dividing during kidney development has been reviewed elsewhere vize bra ndli cancilla and the efficacy of anticoagulation, after dialysis when the removal of one baby, but two with one another or with other atopic states of asthma during an examination by an ...
https://qhrtechnologies.com/dose/herbal-viagra-glasgow/95/
Protocols and Video Articles Authored by Luojuan HuProtocols and Video Articles Authored by Luojuan Hu
Luojuan Hu is the author of this article in the Journal of Visualized Experiments: The Mesenteric Lymph Duct Cannulated Rat Model: Application to the Assessment of Intestinal Lymphatic Drug Transport
https://www.jove.com/author/Luojuan_Hu
Sinfest :: View topic - Lifes HorrorsSinfest :: View topic - Lifes Horrors
Its the name of whats happening. Fluid is building up (edema) in his lymph system and cant leave his leg. Normally, as your heart pumps blood into your leg, some of it is transferred into the tissue, and the fluid already in the tissue flows into lymph ducts. Lymph ducts work like veins, but for interstitial fluid (the fluid around your cells), bringing it back up to your torso and then putting it back in the blood around your right shoulder. If the lymph system is disrupted the blood keeps pumping in, fluid keeps getting pushed into the interstitial space around your cells, but the fluid already there has trouble getting out. Then you swell up ...
http://www.sinfest.net/phpbb2/viewtopic.php?p=466842
Difference Between Lymph and Blood | Difference BetweenDifference Between Lymph and Blood | Difference Between
Lymph vs Blood You must have come across the term lymph at some point in your life. How often did your mother check for swollen lymph nodes when you had an
http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-lymph-and-blood/?replytocom=6265481
melanoma in the lymph cells and getting serious.. - G2CF - Genesis II Forum MMS CDS CDH of Health and Healing - G2CFORUM.ORG
Greetings of love and peace to all I have a wonderful friend who is courageously facing cancer but, after 2 years of very sincere alternative efforts -- and a...
https://g2cforum.org/index.php/list/general-discussion/31417-melanoma-in-the-lymph-cells-and-getting-serious
Lymphatic duct, right | definition of lymphatic duct, right by Medical dictionaryLymphatic duct, right | definition of lymphatic duct, right by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of lymphatic duct, right in the Medical Dictionary? lymphatic duct, right explanation free. What is lymphatic duct, right? Meaning of lymphatic duct, right medical term. What does lymphatic duct, right mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lymphatic+duct%2C+right
The flow of blood to lymph nodes and its relation to lymphocyte traffic and the immune response. | JEMThe flow of blood to lymph nodes and its relation to lymphocyte traffic and the immune response. | JEM
The blood flow to individual lymph nodes of sheep and rabbits has been determined with 85Sr-labeled microspheres. A popliteal node of the sheep received 0.014% of the cardiac output and a comparable node in the rabbit 0.011%. A sheep lymph node weighing 1 g received an average of 24 ml/h of blood. It was calculated that there was a highly selective removal of lymphocytes by the node and that an equivalent to one in every four lymphocytes that entered a normal lymph node migrated out of the blood, through the substance of the node, and into the efferent lymph. During the immune response to either allogeneic lymphocytes or tuberculin, the blood flow to sheep lymph nodes, even without considering the increase in node weight, increased an average of fourfold. During the primary immune response in the rabbit to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, the blood flow increased threefold. The increase in blood flow preceded the antigen-induced increase in lymphocyte traffic recorded in the efferent lymph. The early ...
http://jem.rupress.org/content/145/1/31
Lymph hearts - WikipediaLymph hearts - Wikipedia
Lymph hearts are organs found in some animals which pump lymph. Lymph hearts are found in lungfishes, all amphibians, reptiles and flightless birds. They function as small pumps to pump lymph that has leaked out of the circulatory system back into the circulatory system. The lymphatic system of a frog consists of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph heart, lymph spaces and spleen. Some mast cells can also be found in the lymphatics of the tongue of some of the frog species. As lymph is a filtrate of blood it closely resembles the plasma in its water content. Lymph also contains a small amount of metabolic waste and a much smaller amount of protein than that of blood. Lymph vessels carry the lymph and, in the frog, open into the four lymph hearts. These lymph hearts are located on the dorsal side of frogs body. The front pair is situated below the shoulder blades. The posterior pair is on either side of a long, rod-like bone called a urostyle, formed by the fusion of the last few vertebrae. The anterior ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_hearts
Albumin permeability in the pulmonary capillaries<...Albumin permeability in the pulmonary capillaries<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Albumin permeability in the pulmonary capillaries. AU - Northrup, W. F.. AU - Humphrey, E. W.. PY - 1974/1/1. Y1 - 1974/1/1. N2 - At any given hydrostatic pressure, one of the critical factors controlling water flux across the pulmonary capillary membrane is the permeability of that membrane to serum albumin. Because the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may be associated with an abnormality of pulmonary water, a definition of albumin kinetics across the normal pulmonary capillaries and of the normal pulmonary lymph flow is appropriate to a better understanding of the ARDS. In this article the results are reported of a study of the normal pulmonary lymph flow rate and of the normal pulmonary capillary permeability to albumin in vivo. It was found that the value for the apparent volume of pulmonary lymph (V(la)) is only 0.13 that of the interstitial fluid space (V(isp)), measured by indicator dilution curves. Using V(isp) as the pulmonary lymph volume results in a ...
https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/albumin-permeability-in-the-pulmonary-capillaries
Lymph-migrating, tissue-derived dendritic cells are minor constituents within steady-state lymph nodes | JEMLymph-migrating, tissue-derived dendritic cells are minor constituents within steady-state lymph nodes | JEM
Historically, several observations led to the development of the view that lymph node DCs arose substantially from lymph-borne DCs that originated in upstream tissues. First, DCs in cannulated afferent lymph are relatively abundant and are clearly involved in transporting antigen. In contrast, committed DC precursors are sparse in the circulation of humans (4). Furthermore, when afferent lymphatics are severed, the lymph node becomes nearly void of DCs (50) and antigen presentation is blocked (51). Recently, the idea that specialized DC subsets-plasmacytoid and CD8α+ DCs-enter the lymph node from the bloodstream has been introduced, but this understanding has not modified the belief that many lymph node DCs arise from interstitial nonlymphoid organ DCs that mobilize through lymphatics (16, 17) and may even mature in the steady state as they migrate (19). In this study, we present surprising evidence that most steady-state DCs in lymph nodes that drain a variety of organs by and large do not ...
http://jem.rupress.org/content/205/12/2839
Plus itPlus it
Interleukin (IL)-2 administration leads to respiratory dysfunction due to increased vascular permeability. This study examines the role of thromboxane (Tx)A2 in IL-2 induced lung injury in sheep with chronic lung lymph fistulae. This preparation enables evaluation of permeability prior to the development of gross edema. IL-2, 105 units/kg (n = 6), or its excipient control (n = 5) was given as an i.v. bolus over 2 min. After 2 h of IL-2 administration, plasma TxB2 increased from 168 to 388 pg/ml (P , 0.05) and lung lymph TxB2 from 235 to 694 pg/ml (P , 0.05). Mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) rose from 13 to 29 mm of Hg (P , 0.05) at 30 min and remained elevated for 4 h while the pulmonary artery wedge pressure was unchanged at 4 mm of Hg. Arterial oxygen tension (Pao2) fell from 88 to 77 mm of Hg (P , 0.05). Lung lymph flow (Q̇L) rose from 2.2 to 3.8 ml/30 min (P , 0.05) at 1 h and to 6.4 ml/30 min at 3 h. This rise coincided with an increase in the lymph/plasma (L/P) protein ratio from ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/49/13/3542
lymph drainage,Lymph Drainage Massage ,Lymph Drainage assage
Lucia Brazil incorporates ancient techniques with modern rhythmic styles that not only reach and stimulate sore, aching muscles; they help restore your balance physically and spiritually. ​. Brazilians are some of the healthiest people in the world because they generally take their health seriously by application of their unique physical lifestyles.. ​. Let Lucia give you an unforgetible experience that will keep you coming back for more!. ...
https://www.soullifemassagetherapy.com/?lightbox=dataItem-jtxftww71
what stage is cancer in lymph nodes
These nodes can sometimes be seen on CT scan but often require a surgical biopsy to confirm spread.The risk of spread to the lymph nodes is related to the size and stage of the cancer … When lymph […] At stage 1B, the cancer has reached the lymph nodes. Treatment may include: Supportive or palliative care is treatment used to manage symptoms caused by cancer. Stage IV describes invasive breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes to other organs of the body, such as the lungs, distant lymph nodes, skin, bones, liver, or brain.You may hear the words advanced and metastatic used to describe stage IV breast cancer. Sometimes stage 2 means that cancer cells have spread into lymph nodes close to the tumour. There are subclassifications that occasionally change. With stage 1B breast cancer, the tumor is less than 2 centimeters, but there are small clusters of cancer cells in nearby lymph nodes. It has spread to lymph nodes around the thyroid in the neck (N1a) but not ...
https://www.blankholmkommunikation.dk/fouvzahn/what-stage-is-cancer-in-lymph-nodes-7f304c
In vitro infection of bovine cells of several origins using the - Heat Shock Proteins & Heat Shock Response
Rabbit Polyclonal to HOXD8. (A) IFN-α/β biological activity detected in the supernatant of single-cell suspensions (5 × 105 cells/well) of bovine prescapular lymph nodes after 48 h in culture. Single-cell suspensions from lymph nodes were enriched over Iodixanol … The response of cells lacking CD3 CD21 or STA-9090 Ig purified from blood to STA-9090 dsRNA and CpG DNA are shown in Fig. ?Fig.3B.3B. Lymph node cells also produce equivalent quantities of IFN-α/β in response to CpG DNA and dsRNA (data not shown). Clearly you will find cells present in these sorted populations from blood and lymph nodes that produce IFN-α/β in response to dsRNA and CpG DNA; however only ncpBVDV induced IFN-α/β from lymph node-derived cells. Detailed phenotypic analysis by fluorescence-activated cell sorter of the CD4+ CD3? cells from lymph nodes did not identify cells that experienced a phenotype consistent with the phenotype of high IFN-α-generating cells plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) recognized in other species ...
http://neuroart2006.com/?p=2122
Manual Lymph Drainage Leg Illustrated Patterns | LymphedemavilleManual Lymph Drainage Leg Illustrated Patterns | Lymphedemaville
Manual Lymph Drainage Leg Illustrated Patterns Follow same pattern above the knee as well. Start from the knee, working downward to the foot. For above the knee, start at the top of the leg working downward to the knee. Remember lymph flow is through the center of the front of the leg. Gently pull…
https://lymphedemaville.wordpress.com/2008/10/29/manual-lymph-drainage-leg-illustrated-patterns/
Popliteal lymph nodes, lymphatic venules, muscles, arteries and veins of the leg and foot | Anatomia Collection: anatomical...Popliteal lymph nodes, lymphatic venules, muscles, arteries and veins of the leg and foot | Anatomia Collection: anatomical...
Popliteal lymph nodes, lymphatic venules, muscles, arteries and veins of the leg and foot, deep dissection. Lateral and posterior views of the leg, inferior view of the sole of the foot.. ...
https://anatomia.library.utoronto.ca/islandora/object/anatomia%3ARBAI052_0012
How to perform a lymph drainage massage for your face and headHow to perform a lymph drainage massage for your face and head
Congested lymph in the head can cause pressure and discomfort. This video shows how to self-massage for lymph drainage of head and face.
http://www.askahealer.com/lymph-drainage-head.htm
swollen lymph nodes kidney
Stage 4 kidney cancer also can be classified in two ways. Here the situation-several of my lymph nodes on my neck are swollen and tender. When there is a chronic infection, the lymph nodes start to swell. advice on treatment? If their cause is an infection, symptoms could also include: Sore throat; Runny nose; Fever; Congestion; Coughing; Night sweats; Treatment They contain white blood cells that help to fight against infection. N - Nodes. Swollen lymph nodes in the groin and in the other parts of the body usually indicate an infection or the presence of a sexually transmitted disease. 21. Why Lymph Nodes Swell There are more than 600 small, kidney bean-shaped lymph nodes in clusters throughout your body -- under your neck, in your armpits and … In some cases, there may not be attack by the foreign particles or germs, but our own immune cells start behaving abnormally and attack our own lymph nodes leading to swollen lymph nodes and fever. The disease can spread to nearby lymph nodes. My ...
http://tlainc.com/best-supplements-uygoeh/ac0bea-swollen-lymph-nodes-kidney
Lymph formation, composition and circulation: a proteomics perspective. - PubMed - NCBILymph formation, composition and circulation: a proteomics perspective. - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25788586
Search Results | Journal of Experimental Medicine | Rockefeller University PressSearch Results | Journal of Experimental Medicine | Rockefeller University Press
1. The experimental observations have been summarized at the end of an earlier section. The more important facts only will be recapitulated here. The capacity of the lymphatics for removing fluid from the tissues greatly exceeds the rate at which freshly formed tissue fluid can be made available for removal. Edematous regions can be rendered non-edematous by the application of measures, such as massage, passive motion, or normal exercise, which activate the lymphatics. During continuous activity the rate of lymph flow is first variable and later relatively constant. Constant rates of flow must correspond to the production of fresh lymph. A study of the constant rates indicates that lymph formation in the edematous animal is certainly only slightly greater, and possibly not greater at all, than under conditions of normality. When the protein of plasma decreases, the protein of lymph is also lowered. The loss of protein from lymph takes place at a faster rate than from plasma, so that the ratio of ...
https://rupress.org/jem/search-results?f_Authors=A.+A.++Weech
7 Best Natural Remedies for Lymph Detox - Microbe Formulas™7 Best Natural Remedies for Lymph Detox - Microbe Formulas™
Lymph is analogous to blood in that theyre both liquids circulating in your body.. But the similarity stops there.. Unlike red bloods circular, pumped (by the heart) movement, clear-to-white lymph moves just one way: out. To make matters worse, lymph has no organ pump. (1). So its up to you to eliminate it yourself through moving and deep breathing! (Another reason why a sedentary lifestyle can take years off your life.). You definitely need to be pro-active when it comes to lymph management.. And you see where Im going with this...more on this coming up.. Also unlike blood, lymph is mostly water (95%) with the fancy name of interstitial fluid. This is the water all around and between your cells filled with some immune cells, protein, fats and other big, sultry-sounding (and looking) substances.. Lymph also contains water from blood plasma.. And again you might be able to guess where Im going with that...stay tuned!. But its the remaining 5% that I want to focus on right now.. Lymph is ...
https://microbeformulas.com/blogs/microbe-formulas/7-best-natural-remedies-for-lymph-detox
lymph node | Self-Checlymph node | Self-Chec
A small bean-shaped structure that is part of the bodys immune system. Lymph nodes filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid, and they contain lymphocytes (white blood cells) that help the body fight infection and disease. There are hundreds of lymph nodes found throughout the body. They are connected to one another by lymph vessels. Clusters of lymph nodes are found in the neck, axilla (underarm), chest, abdomen, and groin. For example, there are about 20-40 lymph nodes in the axilla. Also called lymph gland.. Definition: NCI. « Back to Glossary Index ...
https://selfchec.org/glossary/lymph-node/
Body lymph drainageBody lymph drainage
With soft and flowing movements, the massage therapist stimulates the lymph flow and corrects disturbances in the circulation of the connective tissue. L...
https://www.posthotel.at/en/rooms-rates/luxury-services/list/body-lymph-drainage
Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein in Intestinal Lymph: Evidence for Presence of the A Protein | ScienceVery-Low-Density Lipoprotein in Intestinal Lymph: Evidence for Presence of the A Protein | Science
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Science.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/162/3859/1285/tab-article-info
CCR7: Unifying Disparate Journeys to the Lymph Node | The Journal of ImmunologyCCR7: Unifying Disparate Journeys to the Lymph Node | The Journal of Immunology
Many immune responses begin in lymph nodes, and it is no wonder. The lymph node is the only tissue in the body that is primarily organized to be the perfect meeting point for cellular travelers that otherwise would seem to have a low probability to ever make an encounter. Through the high endothelial venule come lymphocytes that are otherwise confined to the blood, while from the lymph draining the parenchyma of an adjacent organ come Ag-bearing dendritic cells (DCs). Efficient interactions between these different cell types that originate from vastly different environments is made possible because the lymph node is specially designed, via its connections to both blood and lymphatic vasculatures, to bring them together. Whereas the journey that naive T lymphocytes take from the blood is very different from the journey that the DC takes through lymph, a single chemokine receptor, CCR7, governs both of these critical trafficking patterns, bringing molecular unity to two anatomically disparate ...
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/196/1/3
Sublumbar Lymph Node
What is Sublumbar Lymph Node? Definition of Sublumbar Lymph Node. Sublumbar Lymph Node FAQ. Learn more about Sublumbar Lymph Node. Sublumbar Lymph Node facts.
http://www.cancerterms.net/define-Sublumbar+Lymph+Node/
App detects harsh side effect of breast cancer treatment | EurekAlert! Science NewsApp detects harsh side effect of breast cancer treatment | EurekAlert! Science News
Many breast cancer survivors suffer from lymph collection known as lymphedema. It causes arms to swell, and sufferers often become severely depressed. A new app detects it early, and its makers hope it will help spread awareness of the disease.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/giot-adh031620.php
The effect of increased vascular pressure on albumin-excluded volume and lymph flow in the dog lung. | Circulation ResearchThe effect of increased vascular pressure on albumin-excluded volume and lymph flow in the dog lung. | Circulation Research
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Circulation Research.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. ...
http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/47/6/866
LYMPH NODES - ANATOMY-LEXICON
Lymph nodes are small, approximately 2mm wide, kidney-shaped collecting stations in which the lymph is filtered out of the tissue and checked for pathogens. Lymphocytes eliminate the pathogen in the lymph nodes and thus prevent infected lymph from entering the bloodstream.
https://publichealthglobal.org/class-lymphknoten-FGQ
Love your Lymphs
Do you know where your lymphs are? Remember the mumps? Those tender, painful lumps in your neck, which they also called swollen glands, also occur if you
https://karynraw.com/love-your-lymps/
Lymph Node Histology - Lymph node - histology slideLymph Node Histology - Lymph node - histology slide
Lymph node. This high power section reveals a lymph follicle beneath the capsule. The more loosely arranged cells in the paracortex are T lymphocytes ...
http://histology-world.com/photoalbum/displayimage.php?album=50&pid=1600
The importance of bile for healthy arterial flow (Pt. 2) - Heart and Body Extract
Diseases of the circulatory system. Coronary heart disease The circulatory system is comprised of: The blood circulatory system. Including the heart, and the blood vessels through which the blood circulates The lymph system. Consisting of lymph nodes and lymph vessels through which lymph flows. There is three times more lymph fluid than blood and this…
https://blog.heartandbody.com/2016/12/01/the-importance-of-bile-for-healthy-arterial-flow-pt-2/
Sudoku.com.au - Free Sudoku on the web - Printable Sudoku - Easy Sudoku for Mon 20/May/2013, Pg 1
Kayo wrote: Gday mates. Heres todays daffynition: lymph - To walk with a lisp. ...and heres todays factoid: Human lymph nodes vary from 0.1 to 3 centimetres in diameter. Unlike blood, which flows throughout the body in a continue loop, lymph flows in only one direction - upward toward the neck - within its own system. .
http://sudoku.com.au/3E20-5-2013-sudoku.aspx
In cancer, your own lymph nodes turn against you - OncoBitesIn cancer, your own lymph nodes turn against you - OncoBites
Emily B. Harrison, PhD Perhaps the only time most people consider their lymph nodes is at a doctors office. Often, when examining you, a physician will touch the sides of your neck, feeling for enlarged lymph nodes. In this case, swollen nodes indicate that your body is mounting an immune response. This immune response is…
https://oncobites.blog/2018/04/25/in-cancer-your-own-lymph-nodes-turn-against-you/
Lymph Node Inflammation in Cats - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, CostLymph Node Inflammation in Cats - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
Inside the lymph nodes, lymphocytes (white blood cells) destroy bacteria, fungi, viruses, and cancer cells. When the body faces infection, the lymph nodes located closest to the infection will swell or enlarge. - Wag! (formerly Vetary)
https://wagwalking.com/cat/condition/lymph-node-inflammation
Swollen Lymph Nodes Causes, Symptoms and More Information + PlusVitalitySwollen Lymph Nodes Causes, Symptoms and More Information + PlusVitality
Distributed throughout the body are small bundles of lymphocytes called lymph nodes. Their main job is to act like a net to capture and destroy viruses and bacteria before they can spread from one region of the body to another. Usually, they work in a very efficient manner, so most people dont even realize that they are there. However, this changes whenever they become swollen because this is a symptom of several serious health disorders that have to be treated right away. Because of this, it is important to address what causes the lymph nodes to become swollen, what potential symptoms a person might have with them, and some of the other important information about the condition. ...
http://www.plusvitality.com/swollen-lymph-nodes-causes-symptoms-and-more-information/
Enlarged lymph node in neck for years - Answers on HealthTapEnlarged lymph node in neck for years - Answers on HealthTap
Helpful, trusted answers from doctors: Dr. Hegab on enlarged lymph node in neck for years: The vast majority of swollen lymph nodes react to viral infections. This is their job description. They enlarge to help fight the infection. It it
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/enlarged-lymph-node-in-neck-for-years
Limbs & Things - Lymph Node Pads - DarkLimbs & Things - Lymph Node Pads - Dark
Lymph Node Pads and Lymph Nodes to be used with Breast Examination Trainer Range: Advanced - 41201 Standard - 41200 Basic - 41202 This product is available in both a dark and light skin-tone.
https://limbsandthings.com/uk/products/41203/41203-lymph-node-pads-dark
lymph node questions - Cancer - MedHelplymph node questions - Cancer - MedHelp
I have a few questions that I cannot seem to find answers to concerning lymph nodes. Particularly the lymph nodes of the neck and the lower back of the head. The doctors, understandably, are very vag...
http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Cancer/lymph-node-questions/show/465478
Diagram Of Lymph Nodes In Neck | MarthabannonDiagram Of Lymph Nodes In Neck | Marthabannon
Electromechanical systems of Diagram Of Lymph Nodes In Neck, pictorial diagram regarding Diagram Of Lymph Nodes In Neck for installation and troubleshooting pr
https://marthabannon.com/yretb-diagram-of-lymph-nodes-in-neck.html
Swollen Lymph Nodes In Neck : Page 1/1 : All-Searches.comSwollen Lymph Nodes In Neck : Page 1/1 : All-Searches.com
Swollen Lymph Nodes In Neck - Page 1/1 - All-Searches.com : Tous les Résultats relatifs à votre recherche sont disponibles, il suffit dessayer : Swollen Lymph Nodes In Neck
http://all-searches.com/recherche/Swollen::Lymph::Nodes::In::Neck/web/1
Should I worry about my sons swollen lymph node? - CNN.comShould I worry about my sons swollen lymph node? - CNN.com
My 9-year-old son has had a swollen lymph node in his neck for four months. All his blood tests came back normal. It does go up and down in size. Doctors and surgeons say it is just a swollen lymph node and it will go down. Can you please give me some more information on this?
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/expert.q.a/03/15/child.swollen.lymph.node.shu/index.html
ATCC Products by Tissue - Lymph Node Page 5ATCC Products by Tissue - Lymph Node Page 5
ATCC holdings include a substantial collection of cell lines derived from lymph nodes, representing the normal and diseased tissue of multiple species.
https://www.atcc.org/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Tissue/Lymph_Node.aspx?dsNav=N:4294922786
ATCC Products by Tissue - Lymph Node Page 1ATCC Products by Tissue - Lymph Node Page 1
ATCC holdings include a substantial collection of cell lines derived from lymph nodes, representing the normal and diseased tissue of multiple species.
https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Tissue/Lymph_Node.aspx?dsNav=Nrc:id-1000506-dynrank-disabled,N:4294922657&hasShowAll=1000506%7C&slp=1
LymphLymph
... has a composition similar but not identical to that of blood plasma. Lymph that leaves a lymph node is richer in ... Lymph returns proteins and excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream. Lymph may pick up bacteria and transport them to lymph ... Lymph transport is slow and sporadic. Despite low pressure, lymph movement occurs due to peristalsis (propulsion of the lymph ... enters the lymph capillaries as lymph. Thus, lymph when formed is a watery clear liquid with the same composition as the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph
Lymph nodeLymph node
Lymph from the meningeal lymphatic vessels in the CNS drains to the deep cervical lymph nodes. A lymph node is divided into ... A biopsy of a lymph node may also be needed. Lymph nodes can be affected by both primary cancers of lymph tissue, and secondary ... The primary function of lymph nodes is the filtering of lymph to identify and fight infection. In order to do this, lymph nodes ... Learning System at Boston University Lymph Nodes Lymph Nodes Drainage An overview of Normal Lymph Nodes and Swollen lymph nodes ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node
Lymph ductLymph duct
A lymph duct is a great lymphatic vessel that empties lymph into one of the subclavian veins. There are two lymph ducts in the ... The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right upper limb, right side of thorax and right halves of head and neck. The ... thoracic duct drains lymph into the circulatory system at the left brachiocephalic vein between the left subclavian and left ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_duct
Lymph capillaryLymph capillary
lymph enters the lymph capillaries by osmosis (CS1 maint: url-status, Articles with short description, Short description ... Each lymphatic capillary carries lymph into a lymphatic vessel, which in turn connects to a lymph node, a small bean-shaped ... Lymph capillaries or lymphatic capillaries are tiny, thin-walled microvessels located in the spaces between cells (except in ... Lymph capillaries have a greater internal [oncotic]pressure than blood capillaries, due to the greater concentration of plasma ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_capillary
Lymph sacsLymph sacs
These are the retroperitoneal lymph sac, the cysterna chyli, and paired posterior lymph sacs. The posterior lymph sacs are ... Because lymph sacs form from the venous system, they typically contain red blood cells. It is believed that the lymph sacs are ... These four new lymph sacs function in the collection of lymph from the trunk and lower extremities of the body. The cysterna ... Lymph sacs are a part of the development of the lymphatic system, known as lymphangiogenesis. The lymph sacs are precursors of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_sacs
Lymph heartLymph heart
Lymph vessels carry the lymph and, in the frog, open into the four lymph hearts. These lymph hearts are located on the dorsal ... The lymphatic system of a frog consists of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph heart, lymph spaces and spleen. Some mast cells can also ... The lymph hearts rhythmically and slowly pump to drive the lymph into the veins. It is possible to see the lymph hearts beat by ... Mammals have lost the lymph heart as a centralized organ, instead having the lymph vessel themselves contract to pump lymph. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_heart
Lymph trunkLymph trunk
... right lymph duct and the thoracic duct). When an efferent lymph vessel leaves a lymph node, it may carry lymph to another lymph ... Jugular lymph trunks Subclavian lymph trunks Bronchomediastinal lymph trunks Lumbar lymph trunks Intercostal lymph trunks ... Lymph trunk is a collection of lymph vessels that carries lymph, and is formed by confluence of many efferent lymph vessels. It ... The lymph trunks drain into the lymph ducts, which in turn return lymph to the blood by emptying into the respective subclavian ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_trunk
Occipital lymph nodesOccipital lymph nodes
The occipital lymph nodes, one to three in number, are located on the back of the head close to the margin of the trapezius and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occipital_lymph_nodes
Brachial lymph nodesBrachial lymph nodes
A brachial lymph nodes (or lateral group) are group of four to six lymph nodes which lies in relation to the medial and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachial_lymph_nodes
Inguinal lymph nodesInguinal lymph nodes
The deep inguinal lymph nodes drain superiorly to the external iliac lymph nodes, then to the pelvic lymph nodes and on to the ... There are approximately ten superficial lymph nodes, and they drain to the deep inguinal lymph nodes. Inguinal lymph nodes may ... Bright structure visualised by MHC II-GFP construct, is the lymph node Lymph node regions "Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes -- ... Inguinal lymph nodes are lymph nodes in the human groin. Located in the femoral triangle of the inguinal region, they are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_lymph_nodes
Lymph node biopsyLymph node biopsy
... is a test in which a lymph node or a piece of a lymph node is removed for examination under a microscope (see ... It may also determine whether tumors in the lymph node are cancerous or noncancerous. Enlarged lymph nodes may be caused by a ... biopsy). The lymphatic system is made up of several lymph nodes connected by lymph vessels. The nodes produce white blood cells ... The lymph nodes also try to trap cancer cells.[citation needed] Imaging studies include CXR, CT scans of Abdomen,chest, pelvis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node_biopsy
Hepatic lymph nodesHepatic lymph nodes
... their efferents join the celiac group of preaortic lymph nodes. Hepatic artery lymph nodes are commonly resected during a ... The hepatic lymph nodes consist of the following groups: (a) hepatic, on the stem of the hepatic artery, and extending upward ... The lymph nodes of the hepatic chain receive afferents from the stomach, duodenum, liver, gall-bladder, and pancreas; ... A particularly large hepatic artery lymph node, positioned on the anterior aspect of the common hepatic artery, is thought to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_lymph_nodes
Intercostal lymph nodesIntercostal lymph nodes
The intercostal lymph nodes (intercostal glands) occupy the posterior parts of the intercostal spaces, in relation to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercostal_lymph_nodes
Mastoid lymph nodesMastoid lymph nodes
The mastoid lymph nodes (retroauricular lymph nodes or posterior auricular glands) are a small group of lymph nodes, usually ... Their mastoid lymph nodes receives lymph from the posterior part of the temporoparietal region, the upper part of the cranial ... The lymph then passes to the superior deep cervical glands. The word mastoid comes from the Ancient Greek: μάσταξ (mástax, " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastoid_lymph_nodes
Preaortic lymph nodesPreaortic lymph nodes
The preaortic lymph nodes lie in front of the aorta, and may be divided into celiac lymph nodes, superior mesenteric lymph ... The inferior mesenteric lymph nodes have a subgroup of pararectal lymph nodes. The preaortic lymph nodes receive a few vessels ... The celiac lymph nodes are grouped into three sets: the gastric, hepatic and splenic lymph nodes. These groups also form their ... The superior mesenteric lymph nodes are grouped into three sets: the mesenteric, ileocolic and mesocolic lymph nodes. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preaortic_lymph_nodes
Jugulodigastric lymph nodeJugulodigastric lymph node
The jugulodigastric lymph nodes are large lymph nodes of the neck. The jugulodigastric lymph nodes are found in the proximity ... The jugulodigastric lymph nodes are the first to receive lymphatic drainage from face, mouth, pharynx, and tonsils. Enlarged ... Enlarged jugulodigastric lymph nodes are also commonly found in tonsillitis. Costa e Silva Souza, Leticia M.B.; Leung, ... They tend to be some of the largest lymph nodes in the cervical chain due to their significant lymphatic drainage. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugulodigastric_lymph_node
Facial lymph nodesFacial lymph nodes
The facial lymph nodes comprise three groups: (a) infraorbital or maxillary, scattered over the infraorbital region from the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_lymph_nodes
Buccinator lymph nodeBuccinator lymph node
The buccinator lymph node or nodes are one or more lymph nodes placed on the Buccinator opposite the angle of the mouth. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buccinator_lymph_node
Splenic lymph nodesSplenic lymph nodes
The splenic lymph nodes are found at the splenic hilum and in relation to the tail of the pancreas (pancreaticolienal lymph ... The splenic lymph nodes empty into the suprapancreatic, infrapancreatic and omental lymph nodes, which then drain to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenic_lymph_nodes
Celiac lymph nodesCeliac lymph nodes
The celiac lymph nodes are grouped into three sets: the gastric, hepatic and splenic lymph nodes. Lymph nodes of the abdominal ... The celiac lymph nodes are associated with the branches of the celiac artery. Other lymph nodes in the abdomen are associated ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celiac_lymph_nodes
Sentinel lymph nodeSentinel lymph node
The sentinel lymph node is the hypothetical first lymph node or group of nodes draining a cancer. In case of established ... This technique is used in the staging of certain types of cancer to see if they have spread to any lymph nodes, since lymph ... In these cases, if the cancer spreads it will spread first to lymph nodes (lymph glands) close to the tumor before it spreads ... The concept of sentinel lymph node surgery is to determine if the cancer has spread to the very first draining lymph node ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentinel_lymph_node
Pretracheal lymph nodesPretracheal lymph nodes
The pretracheal lymph nodes are lymph nodes located anterior to the trachea in the neck. The pretracheal lymph nodes lie ... They drain into the deep cervical lymph nodes on the right and the thoracic duct on the left. Rhys, Rhian (2011-01-01), Allan, ... Paul L.; Baxter, Grant M.; Weston, Michael J. (eds.), "CHAPTER 46 - Cervical lymph nodes", Clinical Ultrasound (Third Edition ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretracheal_lymph_nodes
Popliteal lymph nodesPopliteal lymph nodes
The efferents of the popliteal lymph nodes pass almost entirely alongside the femoral vessels to the deep inguinal lymph nodes ... The popliteal lymph nodes, small in size and some six or seven in number, are embedded in the fat contained in the popliteal ... The flow of lymph from the legs towards the heart is the result of the calf pump- during walking the calf muscle contracts, ... squeezing lymph out of the leg via the lymphatic vessels. When the muscle relaxes, valves in the vessels shut preventing the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popliteal_lymph_nodes
Deltopectoral lymph nodesDeltopectoral lymph nodes
The superficial lymph glands and lymphatic vessels of the upper extremity. This article incorporates text in the public domain ... One or two deltopectoral lymph nodes (or infraclavicular nodes) are found beside the cephalic vein, between the pectoralis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltopectoral_lymph_nodes
Supraclavicular lymph nodesSupraclavicular lymph nodes
... are lymph nodes found above the clavicle, that can be felt in the supraclavicular fossa. The ... Virchow's nodes take their supply from lymph vessels in the abdominal cavity, and are therefore sentinel lymph nodes of cancer ... The supraclavicular lymph nodes can be felt in the supraclavicular fossa, shown here. This article incorporates text in the ... A Virchow's node is a left-sided supraclavicular lymph node. Malignancies of the internal organs can reach an advanced stage ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supraclavicular_lymph_nodes
Retroaortic lymph nodesRetroaortic lymph nodes
The retroaortic lymph nodes (or postaortic lymph nodes) are placed below the cisterna chyli, on the bodies of the third and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retroaortic_lymph_nodes
Lymph node metastasisLymph node metastasis
... is different from malignant lymphoma. Lymphoma is a cancer of lymph node, rather than cancer in the lymph ... The sentinel lymph node is the first lymph node in the drainage area of the tumor lymph. If this is not affected, the more ... In some cases, lymph node metastases are the first symptom of cancer. The treatment of the lymph node metastases is usually ... Lymph node metastases are usually painless. This contrasts with lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes, such as due to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node_metastasis
Rotters lymph nodesRotter's lymph nodes
These lymph nodes are susceptible to breast cancer, as the cancer sometimes spreads (metastasizes) to the interpectoral lymph ... Rotter's lymph nodes are small interpectoral lymph nodes located between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles. ... Rotter's lymph nodes are named after German surgeon Josef Rotter (1857-1924), who described them in the late 19th century. ... A. Obeidat Breast Cancer in Interpectoral Lymph Nodes OnLine Medical Dictionary v t e (Lymphatics of the torso, All stub ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotter's_lymph_nodes
Mandibular lymph nodeMandibular lymph node
The mandibular lymph node is a lymph node found near the jaw. This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandibular_lymph_node
Periaortic lymph nodesPeriaortic lymph nodes
The periaortic lymph nodes (also known as lumbar) are a group of lymph nodes that lie in front of the lumbar vertebrae near the ... The periaortic lymph nodes are different from the paraaortic lymph nodes. The periaortic group is the general group, that is ... The lateral aortic lymph nodes, typically 15 to 20 on each side, are the ones usually chosen for dissection or biopsy in the ... The parietal lymph glands of the pelvis. Standring et al. - Gray's Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice [41st ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periaortic_lymph_nodes
Lymph system: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLymph system: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
... lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and lymph vessels that make and move lymph from tissues to the bloodstream. The lymph system is a ... The lymph system is a network of organs, ... The lymph system is a network of organs, lymph nodes, lymph ... and lymph vessels that make and move lymph from tissues to the bloodstream. The lymph system is a major part of the bodys ... When bacteria are recognized in the lymph fluid, the lymph nodes make more infection-fighting white blood cells. This causes ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002247.htm
Pulmonary Silicosis, Lymph Node Silicosis | NIOSH | CDCPulmonary Silicosis, Lymph Node Silicosis | NIOSH | CDC
Lymph node involvement by silicotic nodules frequently accompanies pulmonary silicosis, and is often present as an isolated ... Lymph Node Silicosis. Lymph node involvement by silicotic nodules frequently accompanies pulmonary silicosis, and is often ... The morphology of nodules in lymph nodes is identical to those in the lung parenchyma. Extension of lesions beyond the capsule ... Peripheral calcification of silicotic lymph nodes may produce the classical radiographic appearance of "eggshell calcification ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/learning/b-reader/pathology/silicosis/3.html
Mediastinoscopy for Granulomatous Inflammation in Lymph NodesMediastinoscopy for Granulomatous Inflammation in Lymph Nodes
Cite this: Mediastinoscopy More Reliable Than PET for Characterizing Granulomatous Inflammation in Lymph Nodes - Medscape - Oct ... October 20, 2008 (Baltimore, Maryland) - Granulomatous inflammation in mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) that were either excised ... Mediastinoscopy More Reliable Than PET for Characterizing Granulomatous Inflammation in Lymph Nodes. ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/582258
Browsing by Subject Lymph NodesBrowsing by Subject "Lymph Nodes"
Fine needle aspirates [‎FNA]‎ of superficial lymph nodes were obtained from 150 patients complaining of lymphadenopathy. ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Lymph+Nodes&type=mesh
Search Results for lymph node dissection | JNCCNSearch Results for "lymph node dissection" | JNCCN
extensive lymph node dissection: metastatic lymph nodes in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid] . Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1986 ... CLO21-027: Defining Optimal Lymph Node Dissection and Clinical Impact of Number of Harvested Lymph Nodes During Esophageal ... based on several studies suggested that lobe-specific lymph node dissection (LSD) is equivalent to SLND in early-stage NSCLC. ... Gschwend JE Herr HW . Pelvic lymph node dissection can be curative in patients with node positive bladder cancer . J Urol 1999 ...
https://jnccn.org/search?access=all&q=%22lymph+node+dissection%22
3 Ways to Reduce Lymph Node Swelling - wikiHow3 Ways to Reduce Lymph Node Swelling - wikiHow
If your lymph nodes are swollen, you can start to shrink them by treating any underlying injury, disorder or infection. Common ... Your body has a number of lymph nodes, which act as filters for bad bacteria and viruses. ... Your body has a number of lymph nodes, which act as filters for bad bacteria and viruses. If your lymph nodes are swollen, you ... You have lymph nodes located in your neck, armpits, and groin. The swelling in the nodes can range in size from as tiny as a ...
https://www.wikihow.com/Reduce-Lymph-Node-Swelling
What Is a Reactive Lymph Node?What Is a Reactive Lymph Node?
A reactive lymph node is an enlarged lymph node, which is commonly the result of an infection. The enlargement of the node is a ... The lymph nodes are distributed throughout the body and form an integral part of the lymphatic system. Lymphocytes and ... What Is a Reactive Lymph Node?. By Staff WriterLast Updated March 29, 2020 ... Typically, enlargement of the lymph nodes occurs in the neck, armpits, groin and under the chin. ...
https://www.reference.com/science-technology/reactive-lymph-node-7d64c8b7d835d3c0
Mayor Lymph - China Digital SpaceMayor Lymph - China Digital Space
Mayor Lymph. From China Digital Space. Revision as of 14:28, 7 August 2017 by Anne. (talk , contribs) ... Mayor Lymph is not an actual person but a codeword for its near-homophone, Charter 08 (Língbā Xiànzhāng). Charter 08 is a ... Retrieved from "http://chinadigitaltimes.net/space/index.php?title=Mayor_Lymph&oldid=29885" ...
https://chinadigitaltimes.net/space/index.php?title=Mayor_Lymph&direction=prev&oldid=29891
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Procedure Side Effects & RecoverySentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Procedure Side Effects & Recovery
A sentinel lymph node biopsy can determine whether cancer has metastasized. Learn how the procedure is performed and how the ... The sentinel lymph nodes are the first few lymph nodes (lymph gland) to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor, meaning that ... If the sentinel lymph node does not contain cancer cells (a negative sentinel lymph node biopsy), then the cancer has not ... Although lymphedema can be a complication of sentinel lymph node biopsies, it is much more common when multiple lymph nodes ...
https://www.rxlist.com/sentinel_lymph_node_biopsy/article.htm
Studies on the effects of penicillin and streptomycin on vaccine lymph (‎calf lymph)‎ under different conditionsStudies on the effects of penicillin and streptomycin on vaccine lymph (‎calf lymph)‎ under different conditions
... ... 1950)‎. Studies on the effects of penicillin and streptomycin on vaccine lymph (‎calf lymph)‎ under different conditions. World ...
https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/67122
Swollen Lymph Nodes Can Be Mistaken for Cancer After COVID VaccineSwollen Lymph Nodes Can Be Mistaken for Cancer After COVID Vaccine
... enlarged lymph nodes are common after the COVID-19 vaccine, and that the lymph nodes on the side where patients received the ... Lymph node swelling is not a reported side effect of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which was authorized for emergency use by ... Although swollen lymph nodes can be a sign of cancer, doctors are cautioning people who have recently received the COVID-19 ... COVID Vaccine Side Effect of Swollen Lymph Nodes Can Be Mistaken for Cancer. Health experts encourage patients to consider ...
https://people.com/health/swollen-lymph-nodes-normal-side-effect-covid-vaccine-mistaken-for-cancer/
Lymph systemLymph system
The lymph system includes the lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. The lymph nodes filter lymph fluid as it ... The lymph system is also an important part of the immune system, the bodys defense against disease. When a part of the body is ... The lymph system is a network of vessels and organs throughout the body. This network carries a fluid that contains special ... For example, if a person has a throat infection, lymph nodes in the neck may swell and become tender. ...
https://www.stlukesonline.org/health-services/health-information/healthwise/2017/06/27/13/21/lymph-system
Other disease blood/lymph/spleen | Semantic ScholarOther disease blood/lymph/spleen | Semantic Scholar
Other disease blood/lymph/spleen. Known as: ANNEN SYKDOM I BLOD/LYMFE/MILT, Altra mal sangue/linfatici/milza, Out doencas ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Other-disease-blood%2Flymph%2Fspleen/4262807
TLR9 agonist MGN1703 enhances B cell differentiation and function in lymph nodesTLR9 agonist MGN1703 enhances B cell differentiation and function in lymph nodes
Our data present novel evidence that the TLR9 agonist MGN1703 modulates human lymph node B cells in vivo. These findings ... TLR9 agonist MGN1703 enhances B cell differentiation and function in lymph nodes EBioMedicine. 2019 Jul;45:328-340. doi: ... Interpretation: Our data present novel evidence that the TLR9 agonist MGN1703 modulates human lymph node B cells in vivo. These ... Seven participants completed the sub-study including lymph node resection at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. A ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31300344/
lymph system Archives - David Avocado Wolfelymph system Archives - David Avocado Wolfe
Feeling sick or tired may point towards an issue with your lymphatic system. You can help correct this issue, however, by performing a lymphatic system detox. T... ...
https://www.davidwolfe.com/tag/lymph-system/
Swollen gland/lymph nodeSwollen gland/lymph node
The lymph glands act on a much wider area than being specific to upper or lower teeth. ... The lymph glands act on a much wider area than being specific to upper or lower teeth. ... and my lymph node/gland by my jaw/ear is swollen and painful. Is this ok to wait until tomorrow? I am not in much pain at all ...
https://www.dentalfearcentral.org/forum/threads/swollen-gland-lymph-node.30187/
Lymph Nodes | Kaiser Permanente
The three most common sites of swollen lymph nodes are the neck, armpit, and groin. The lymph system is also an important part ... which carries lymph fluid, nutrients, and waste material between the body tissues and the bloodstream. ... Lymph nodes are part of the lymph system, ... Lymph nodes are part of the lymph system, which carries lymph ... The three most common sites of swollen lymph nodes are the neck, armpit, and groin. The lymph system is also an important part ...
https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.tp10369
Lymph-Tone I (Acute) - ICNRLymph-Tone I (Acute) - ICNR
The three major phases are Humoral, Matrix, and Cellular, and correspond to Lymph-Tone I®, II®, and III®. For recent symptoms ... 2 fl oz Lymph-Tone I® was formulated to complement the clinical model devised by Dr. Hans-Heinrich Reckeweg, who postulated ... Lymph-Tone I® was formulated to complement the clinical model devised by Dr. Hans-Heinrich Reckeweg, who postulated that ... The three major phases are Humoral, Matrix, and Cellular, and correspond to Lymph-Tone I®, II®, and III®. ...
https://icnr.com/product/lymph-tone-i-acute/
Free Medical Flashcards about Bio 202 The LymphFree Medical Flashcards about Bio 202 The Lymph
Study free Medical flashcards about Bio 202 The Lymph created by caleighmusicmaker3 to improve your grades. Matching game, word ... Lymph Nodes. Found in three areas: inguinal, axillary, and cervical. Lymph Nodes 2. Act as lymph filters and activate the ... Deposits lymph into right subclavian vein.. Thoracic Duct. Drains rest of body. Cisterna chili collects lymph from lower half ... Lymph Transport. Similar to venous return (skeletal muscle contraction and valves). Lymph Transport 2. Pulsation of arteries ...
https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-2466807
Breast Cancer Study Says Lymph Node Removal May Be Avoidable - Feminist Majority FoundationBreast Cancer Study Says Lymph Node Removal May Be Avoidable - Feminist Majority Foundation
A study published in the journal Cancer showed that not all women with breast cancer need to have their underarm lymph nodes ... Avoiding the removal of the lymph nodes would not only prevent this uncomfortable ailment, but it would also defray some of the ... Generally, the lymph nodes have been removed to determine whether or not the cancer is spreading. ... Breast Cancer Study Says Lymph Node Removal May Be Avoidable. Feminist Majority Foundation Blog , April 1, 1999 ...
https://feminist.org/news/breast-cancer-study-says-lymph-node-removal-may-be-avoidable/
CD8+ T lymphocytes protective against malaria liver stages are primed in skin-draining lymph nodes | Nature MedicineCD8+ T lymphocytes protective against malaria liver stages are primed in skin-draining lymph nodes | Nature Medicine
We demonstrate that dendritic cells in cutaneous lymph nodes prime the first cohort of CD8+ T cells after an infectious ... We harvested lymph nodes at various times after inoculation and isolated RNA from individual lymph nodes using TRIzol reagent ( ... lymph nodes draining the contralateral ear (nALN), spleen, liver parenchyma, and celiac lymph nodes (CLN) draining the liver. ... Figure 1: Activated CD8+ T cells appear early in the draining auricular lymph node.. ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/nm1628?error=cookies_not_supported&code=bb3360d4-b5ce-453b-93a8-7f586fd54889
Enlarging Lymph Node | Ask Dr SearsEnlarging Lymph Node | Ask Dr Sears
Enlarging Lymph Node. "My 9-week-old son has a lump on the back of his head behind his right ear and also some smaller round ... When I took him for his 2 mo appt I showed the doctor and he said he thought it was an enlarged lymph node. It seems to have ... This sure sounds like it was a normal lymph node when your doctor saw it. Now it has changed, so you should let your doctor ...
https://www.askdrsears.com/news/sears-family-blog/enlarging-lymph-node/
Frontiers | The Prediction of Metastases of Lateral Cervical Lymph Node in Medullary Thyroid CarcinomaFrontiers | The Prediction of Metastases of Lateral Cervical Lymph Node in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
PurposeDevelopment and validation of a nomogram for the prediction of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in medullary thyroid ... Development and validation of a nomogram for prediction of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in medullary thyroid carcinoma ... The lymph nodes are strictly based on the division of the surgeon. The calculation of the total lymph nodes includes the ... Cervical Lymph Node Dissection and Metastasis. The median number of lymph nodes dissected was 22 (range,10-41 nodes), and the ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.741289/full
Removing lymph nodes with lumpectomy | Choosing WiselyRemoving lymph nodes with lumpectomy | Choosing Wisely
The American Society of Breast Surgeons advises against routine removal of all the lymph nodes beneath the arm in patients ... Getting Started Lists of Recommendations Search Recommendations Oncology, Surgery Breast Surgeons - Lymph node removal with ... Dont routinely excise all the lymph nodes beneath the arm in patients having lumpectomy for breast cancer. ... a procedure that removes a small number of lymph nodes beneath the arm. In the past, patients found to have cancer in any SN ...
https://www.choosingwisely.org/clinician-lists/breast-surgeons-lymph-node-removal-with-lumpectomy/
Lymph system Information | Mount Sinai - New YorkLymph system Information | Mount Sinai - New York
Learn about Lymph system or find a doctor at Mount Sinai Health System. ... The lymph system is a network of organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and lymph vessels that make and move lymph from tissues to ... Lymph nodes produce immune cells to help fight infection. They also filter the lymph fluid and remove foreign material, such as ... When people refer to swollen glands in the neck, they are usually referring to swollen lymph nodes. Common areas where lymph ...
https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/special-topic/lymph-system
lymph nodes Archives | Dr. Drew | Official Websitelymph nodes Archives | Dr. Drew | Official Website
This website is for informational and/or entertainment purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment ...
https://drdrew.com/tag/lymph-nodes/
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection | Department of UrologyRetroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection | Department of Urology
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection. Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection. Overview. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, ... Template RPLND where the surgeon attempts to remove all the lymph nodes on either the right or left side of the retroperitoneum ... There are well-recognized boundaries of lymph node spread from the right versus the left testicle. There are also nerves in ... Testicular cancer spreads in a well-known pattern, and the lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum are a primary landing site during ...
https://www.washington.edu/urology/retroperitoneal-lymph-node-dissection/
Techniques that accurately identify the sentinel lymph node in cancerTechniques that accurately identify the sentinel lymph node in cancer
Sentinel lymph node biopsy accurately stages the regional lymph nodes for T1-T2 oral squamous cell carcinomas: results of a ... THE SENTINEL LYMPH NODE: PAST AND PRESENT. The modern understanding of cancer metastasis from primary tumors to regional lymph ... Value of preoperative ultrasound-guided axillary lymph node biopsy for preventing completion axillary lymph node dissection in ... Transmigration of lymph nodes by tumor cells. Science. 1966;152:1397-1398. [PubMed] [DOI] [Cited in This Article: ] [Cited by ...
https://www.wjgnet.com/2219-2832/full/v5/i1/14.htm
Skill Checkup: A Man With Larger Axillary Lymph NodeSkill Checkup: A Man With Larger Axillary Lymph Node
After treatment, his initial enlarged axillary lymph node is now 60% larger. How would you manage this patient? ... Skill Checkup: A 68-Year-Old Man Treated for CLL Without Del(17p)/TP53 Mutation Now Has Larger Axillary Lymph Node - Medscape ... Skill Checkup: A 68-Year-Old Man Treated for CLL Without Del(17p)/TP53 Mutation Now Has Larger Axillary Lymph Node. ...
https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/985917_3
Enlarged lymph nodeCalcified lymph nodesGlandsMetastasesBiopsyMetastatic lymph nodesDissectionMRNA in the draining lySpleenNeckLymphatic systemMetastasisPain in the lymph nodesAxillary lymphCells in lymph nodesSpread to lymph nodesCancerVesselsLiverFluidNearby lymph nodesPositive lymph nodeRegional lymph nodesFeverTuberculosisBacteriaInvolvementMove the lymphSurgeryProcedureBiopsiesSymptomsHuman lymphIdentify lymphResectionMelanomaDrainage massageTissuesPatientsSwellingTissueInfectionPrognosisThyroidLymphatics
Enlarged lymph node2
  • A reactive lymph node is an enlarged lymph node, which is commonly the result of an infection. (reference.com)
  • When I took him for his 2 mo appt I showed the doctor and he said he thought it was an enlarged lymph node. (askdrsears.com)
Calcified lymph nodes1
  • Erosion of calcified lymph nodes into adjacent airways is an infrequent cause of obstructive broncholithiasis [Cahill et al. (cdc.gov)
Glands8
  • The lymph glands act on a much wider area than being specific to upper or lower teeth. (dentalfearcentral.org)
  • When people refer to swollen glands in the neck, they are usually referring to swollen lymph nodes. (mountsinai.org)
  • Indeed, one new review and a series of meta-analyses of 30 years-worth of research has found that Monsanto's RoundUp could be causing blood cancers in the lymph glands, specifically non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). (naturalsociety.com)
  • Objective: to assess the effects of simvastatin, which is a drug used for the control of hypercholesterolemia and presents anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-oxidants effects, on the morphology of major salivary glands and cervical lymph nodes of Wistar rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • The animals were sacrificed after 7 (T7, n=6) and 21 (T21 n=6) days to assess the morphology of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands and cervical lymph nodes, in addition to CBC analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: the administration of simvastatin at immunosuppressive doses may cause late changes in salivary glands and transient changes in cervical lymph nodes, which may alter its functional and protective activity on the structures of the oral cavity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Symptoms include swollen, tender lymph glands called buboes. (cdc.gov)
  • It is spread by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and is characterized by bouts of fever, swollen lymph glands, aching muscles and joints, headaches and itching. (who.int)
Metastases7
  • Biopsy of the sentinel lymph node can reveal whether there are or are not lymphatic metastases, which are cancer cells that have spread from the original primary tumor into the lymphatic drainage system. (rxlist.com)
  • There is no benefit of performing a sentinel lymph node biopsy if the patient has stage III metastatic disease ( palpable involved lymph nodes, satellite/in-transit disease, or distant metastases ) [11]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Extended pelvic lymph node dissection represents the most accurate procedure for the detection of lymph node metastases in prostate cancer. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Most prostate cancer patients found to have lymph node (LN) metastases at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) are initially managed with observation, researchers reported online ahead of print in the Journal of Urology . (renalandurologynews.com)
  • Multiple areas containing melanoma cells could be identified in the PA images, which proved that photoacoustic detection of melanoma metastases based on their melanin content is possible in resected human lymph nodes. (utwente.nl)
  • This probe will be able to detect cancer metastases in lymph nodes without causing toxicity or prolonged accumulation in organs and can disappear after the detection. (illinois.edu)
  • Although the treatment methods have improved, detecting and treating metastases of cancer in lymph nodes remains a challenge. (illinois.edu)
Biopsy24
  • After a diagnosis of stage III disease based on SLN biopsy, the previous version of the NCCN Guidelines stated that these patients should undergo complete lymph node dissection (CLND). (jnccn.org)
  • What is a sentinel lymph node biopsy? (rxlist.com)
  • If the sentinel lymph node does not contain cancer cells (a negative sentinel lymph node biopsy ), then the cancer has not likely spread to lymph nodes or other organs via the lymphatic system . (rxlist.com)
  • Sentinel node biopsy is a common technique to assess the extent of spread of breast cancer and can spare the patient more extensive axillary lymph node surgery (see below). (rxlist.com)
  • The biopsy is performed to verify if there are cancer cells present in the lymph node. (rxlist.com)
  • A negative biopsy can avoid the removal of a large number of lymph nodes which can lead to lymphedema . (rxlist.com)
  • What types of specialists perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy? (rxlist.com)
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed by surgeons. (rxlist.com)
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy is often done at the same time as the removal of a primary tumor . (rxlist.com)
  • What does the sentinel lymph node biopsy show? (rxlist.com)
  • What are the benefits of a sentinel lymph node biopsy? (rxlist.com)
  • The sentinel node biopsy allows the examination of one lymph node to first determine if a tumor has spread to the lymph nodes at all. (rxlist.com)
  • After a new diagnosis of invasive breast cancer, most patients undergoing partial breast removal (lumpectomy) benefit from a sentinel node (SN) biopsy, a procedure that removes a small number of lymph nodes beneath the arm. (choosingwisely.org)
  • Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has become the gold standard for patients with melanoma and breast cancer but it's clinical application in other solid tumor types such as cancers of the esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, head and neck, penis, uterine cervix and endometrium has been somewhat limited. (wjgnet.com)
  • A sentinel lymph node biopsy is used to identify and sample the 'sentinel' or first lymph node (or nodes) that potential metastatic melanoma would encounter if present in lymphatic vessels draining the site of the primary melanoma. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed in people who do not have swollen lymph nodes at the time of re- excision of the biopsy site - known as wide local excision - and is usually under general anaesthetic [3]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • When there is biopsy-proven lymphadenopathy for metastatic melanoma (ie, the lymph nodes are grossly enlarged) [12]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy is contraindicated when there has been prior lymph node surgery in the particular basin. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Patients with pure desmoplastic melanoma have a lower rate of a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy than other subtypes [14]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Ultrasound-guided superficial lymph node biopsy is a medical procedure. (alberta.ca)
  • The doctor will look at these images and talk to you about the procedure and which lymph node they will biopsy. (alberta.ca)
  • The management of the axilla, however, has changed radically with the introduction of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the early 1990s [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The first lymph node (LN) that receives drainage from a primary tumor is defined as sentinel lymph node (SLN) and when metastasis is not found in an SLN, it almost certainly will not be present in more distal LN. In this concept, the primary benefit of SLN mapping and biopsy is that it enables surgeons to avoid nontherapeutic ALND. (hindawi.com)
  • Other cancers can be diagnosed by biopsy of an affected lymph node. (safarivet.com)
Metastatic lymph nodes2
  • The team found that the area under the curve (AUC) in the F-18 FDG group was 0.821 for finding metastatic lymph nodes for cortical diameter and 0.844 for visual T2-weighted evaluation. (auntminnie.com)
  • Morimoto J , Tanaka H , Ohira M , Kubo N , Muguruma K , Sakurai K , Yamashita Y , Maeda K , Sawada T , Hirakawa K . The impact of the number of occult metastatic lymph nodes on postoperative relapse of resectable esophageal cancer. (wjgnet.com)
Dissection11
  • INTRODUCTION : Up to 40% of patients after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) develop breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL), which has significant medical, financial, and psychosocial implications. (jnccn.org)
  • based on several studies suggested that lobe-specific lymph node dissection (LSD) is equivalent to SLND in early-stage NSCLC. (jnccn.org)
  • If the sentinel node is normal, it is unnecessary to remove many additional lymph nodes, such as the axillary lymph nodes (called an axillary lymph node dissection or ALND) in a patient with breast cancer . (rxlist.com)
  • The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommended that the curative therapy for MTC is primary tumor resection and cervical lymph node dissection ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, the extent of initial surgery for cervical lymph node dissection is controversial, in particular, whether lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in MTC is needed. (frontiersin.org)
  • Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, commonly referred to as RPLND, is a procedure to remove abdominal lymph nodes to treat testicular cancer, as well as help establish its exact stage. (washington.edu)
  • Lymph node dissection or completion lymphadenectomy (CLND) [2]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Lymph node dissection or completion lymphadenectomy is the removal of all lymph nodes in the nodal basin (eg, axilla, inguinal region, or head and neck) [2]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • 1] Although international guidelines suggest that ePLND should be performed whenever a lymph node dissection is indicated,[1,2] a disconcerting decrease in the utilization rates and extent of PLND in the contemporary era has been reported. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been integral part of breast cancer surgery since the description of the radical mastectomy [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Som [4] emphasized the importance of removing these nodes when attempting radical resection of pharyngo-oesophageal neoplasms and advocated dissection of the lymph nodes lying above the innominate vein in the superior mediastinum. (who.int)
MRNA in the draining ly2
  • For TDI and OXA exposures, the concentrations used induced similar quantities of mRNA in the draining lymph nodes. (cdc.gov)
  • Following 3 days of dermal exposure, a significant increase in IL-4 mRNA in the draining lymph nodes was observed only in the 2.5% exposed group. (cdc.gov)
Spleen4
  • En bloc resection of tumor, pancreas tail and spleen was performed. (eurekamag.com)
  • West Nile Virus RNA was detected in spleen/lymph node homogenate. (cdc.gov)
  • West Nile Virus RNA was detected in samples from the spleen/lymph node, skin, and fat associated with the tibia bone, as well as 1 of 2 muscle specimens, 1 of 4 tendon specimens, and 1 of 2 bone marrow specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • We identified West Nile Virus RNA in spleen/lymph node homogenate, skin, fat, muscle, tendon, and bone marrow samples obtained postmortem from a donor associated with transmission of West Nile Virus through solid organ transplantation. (cdc.gov)
Neck14
  • Common sites for swollen lymph nodes are the neck, groin and underarms. (wikihow.com)
  • You have lymph nodes located in your neck, armpits, and groin. (wikihow.com)
  • Typically, enlargement of the lymph nodes occurs in the neck, armpits, groin and under the chin. (reference.com)
  • For example, if a person has a throat infection, lymph nodes in the neck may swell and become tender. (stlukesonline.org)
  • The three most common sites of swollen lymph nodes are the neck, armpit, and groin. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • Common areas where lymph nodes can be easily felt, especially if they are enlarged, are the groin, armpits (axilla), above the clavicle (supraclavicular), in the neck (cervical), and the back of the head just above hairline (occipital). (mountsinai.org)
  • Common areas where lymph nodes can be felt include the groin, armpit, behind the ears, back of the head, sides of the neck and under the jaw and chin. (mountsinai.org)
  • At the time she was first diagnosed, she had the flu, and said that the lymph nodes in her neck, under her jaw, were hurting her, and her thyroid gland too. (healingwell.com)
  • Lymphatic drainage in the head and neck is unpredictable, with multiple possible locations for sentinel lymph nodes including involvement of multiple basins [5-6]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • They use ultrasound (high-frequency radio waves) to see your lymph node, usually in your neck, armpit, or groin. (alberta.ca)
  • Swollen lymph nodes under the jaw or on either side of the neck may hurt when you turn your head in a certain way or you're chewing food. (vivu.tv)
  • When we have strep throat our lymph nodes in our neck are enlarged. (safarivet.com)
  • The common locations for the peripheral lymph nodes in dogs are the cervical nodes under the back of the jaw, the pre-scapular which are between the shoulder and the neck. (safarivet.com)
  • It has spread to lymph nodes in the neck, upper chest, or behind the throat. (ahealthyme.com)
Lymphatic system6
  • The microcirculation and lymphatic system: capillary fluid exchange, interstitial fluid, and lymph flow. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The lymph nodes are distributed throughout the body and form an integral part of the lymphatic system. (reference.com)
  • Which lymph nodes are the sentinel nodes for a given tumor is determined by injecting around the tumor a tracer substance that will travel through the lymphatic system to the first draining (sentinel) nodes and identify them. (rxlist.com)
  • The International Alliance of Healthcare Educators explains that lymph drainage massages are done in a specific rhythm and direction to increase the flow of the lymphatic system in the body. (leaf.tv)
  • Lymph nodes are located at points of the lymphatic system. (safarivet.com)
  • The lymphatic system is a system of very thin walled vessels that carry lymph. (safarivet.com)
Metastasis6
  • Development and validation of a nomogram for the prediction of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). (frontiersin.org)
  • Currently, there is no accurate preoperative assessment to evaluate the lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The usefulness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis was evaluated. (hindawi.com)
  • There was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of positive paratracheal lymph nodes with thyroid gland invasion, vocal cord invasion, metastasis to the internal jugular chain of the deep cervical nodes and extracapsular and perineural spread. (who.int)
  • However, if these superior lymph nodes are clogged by a metastatic carcinoma, flow of lymph into the paratracheal lymph nodes may take place in the form of the so-called paradoxical metastasis [1,2]. (who.int)
  • Gu J , Xia L , Xu B , Lu T , Halmurat O , Wang J , Zhang J , Ding Y , Xia Q . Clinical prognostic significance of regional and extended lymphadenectomy for biliary cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (wjgnet.com)
Pain in the lymph nodes2
  • Has anyone heard of pain in the lymph nodes or anything like this? (healingwell.com)
  • When your lymph nodes first swell, you might notice: Tenderness and pain in the lymph nodes. (vivu.tv)
Axillary lymph1
  • The axillary lymph nodes are under the front legs and the inguinal lymph nodes are in the inguinal region of the back legs. (safarivet.com)
Cells in lymph nodes2
  • Repositorio consejería de sanidad de madrid: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in lymph nodes show frequent NOTCH1 activation. (repositoriosaludmadrid.es)
  • Others stop the blood cells in lymph nodes from moving to the brain and spine. (epnet.com)
Spread to lymph nodes1
  • It has spread to lymph nodes around the thyroid, but not to distant sites. (ahealthyme.com)
Cancer42
  • They also filter the lymph fluid and remove foreign material such as bacteria and cancer cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lymph nodes can also contain cancer cells that have spread from the site of the cancer into the lymphatic fluid. (rxlist.com)
  • The sentinel lymph nodes are the first few lymph nodes (' lymph gland ') to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor, meaning that sentinel lymph nodes are the first lymph nodes to which cancer cells would spread. (rxlist.com)
  • Although swollen lymph nodes can be a sign of cancer , doctors are cautioning people who have recently received the COVID-19 vaccine not to jump to any conclusions, as it's also a common response to vaccination. (people.com)
  • Last month, radiologists at Massachusetts General Hospital noted that although "swelling of lymph nodes in the armpit is a normal response to COVID-19 vaccinations" on mammograms "they can be mistaken for nodes that are swollen because of cancer. (people.com)
  • Sometimes diseases, like cancer, can begin and spread through the lymph system. (stlukesonline.org)
  • In this scientific talk, researchers will compare the performance of F-18 FDG and F-18 fluoroethylcholine in preoperative lymph node assessment of breast cancer patients on PET/MRI. (auntminnie.com)
  • A study published in the journal Cancer showed that not all women with breast cancer need to have their underarm lymph nodes removed. (feminist.org)
  • Generally, the lymph nodes have been removed to determine whether or not the cancer is spreading. (feminist.org)
  • Avoiding the removal of the lymph nodes would not only prevent this uncomfortable ailment, but it would also defray some of the costs associated with the treatment of the cancer. (feminist.org)
  • The study done by Dr.Douglas Maibenco of Detroit Medical Center/Sinai Hospital reviewed information from almost 13,000 breast cancer patients who had had their lymph nodes removed. (feminist.org)
  • Don't routinely excise all the lymph nodes beneath the arm in patients having lumpectomy for breast cancer. (choosingwisely.org)
  • Testicular cancer spreads in a well-known pattern, and the lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum are a primary landing site during spread of the disease. (washington.edu)
  • The second situation for RPLND is in the setting of advanced testicular cancer (already spread to abdominal lymph nodes) after chemotherapy to treat the cancer that had spread. (washington.edu)
  • In this situation, the surgeon will remove all the lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum and the residual masses because they might harbor teratoma, viable cancer, or merely scar tissue. (washington.edu)
  • Template RPLND where the surgeon attempts to remove all the lymph nodes on either the right or left side of the retroperitoneum (depending on which testicle was involved with cancer). (washington.edu)
  • Then they use a needle to take small tissue samples from your lymph node to check for lymphoma (a type of cancer) or other possible problems. (alberta.ca)
  • Lymph nodes can also become enlarged due to cancer cells lodging in them. (vivu.tv)
  • Painful lymph nodes are usually a sign of acute or chronic infection and sometimes noninfectious causes such as cancer or autoimmune disease. (vivu.tv)
  • Can you have cancer in lymph nodes without swelling? (vivu.tv)
  • The most common symptom of cancer in the lymph nodes is that 1 or more lymph nodes become swollen or feel hard. (vivu.tv)
  • But if there are only a small number of cancer cells in the lymph nodes, you may not notice any changes. (vivu.tv)
  • Are cancer lymph nodes painful? (vivu.tv)
  • She would need all of it, and then some when she was diagnosed first with breast cancer and, following further tests, Stage 4 cancer metastasised to the lymph, liver, lungs and bones. (canceractive.com)
  • Nina was right to have her sister there for support this time, because the doctor she came to know as 'Lady Prof' said 'You know already that you have breast cancer and it's spread to the lymph. (canceractive.com)
  • Lymph nodes are also enlarged in cancer. (safarivet.com)
  • Lymph node removal has been shown to slow the growth of cancer in an area as well. (safarivet.com)
  • about a new study which shows that lymph node surgery for breast cancer is not always necessary. (thelymphielife.com)
  • This is really important stuff because doctors have been removing lymph nodes for over a hundred years with the belief that it will help stop the spread of the cancer, or even prevent it from coming back. (thelymphielife.com)
  • This makes me very optimistic for the future of cancer treatment, although my heart goes out to those who have had the lymph node surgery only to develop lymphedema as a result. (thelymphielife.com)
  • Lymph node density, also called lymph node ratio, is an independent predictor of nonmetastatic gastric cancer survival. (medscape.com)
  • Overall, cancer-specific survival and overall survival decreased with increases in lymph node density. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, patients with the middle and higher levels of lymph node density had a 2.43-fold and 4.69-fold worse cancer-specific survival, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • This is a summary of a preprint research study, "Prognostic value of lymph node density on Cancer Staging System for non-metastatic gastric cancer: a population-based analysis of SEER database," led by Yuhua Liu of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing. (medscape.com)
  • Cite this: Lymph Node Density Predicts Survival inGastric Cancer - Medscape - Jul 13, 2022. (medscape.com)
  • We present a case of a patient with breast cancer and lymph node microcalcifications undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). (bvsalud.org)
  • Predicts risk for postmenopausal women of distant recurrence of early-stage hormone receptor positive breast cancer with up to three positive lymph nodes within 10 years of diagnosis and after five years of hormone therapy. (rgare.com)
  • We found out that she has Hodgkin's Lymphoma- cancer of the lymph system. (caringbridge.org)
  • The tumor is between 4 cm or less, and the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes but not to distant parts of the body. (ahealthyme.com)
  • Cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. (ahealthyme.com)
  • Shah SH , Gupta N , Gupta G , Mehta A , Singh S . Lymph node micrometastasis in gallbladder cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • Clinical implications of immunohistochemically demonstrated lymph node micrometastasis in resectable pancreatic cancer. (wjgnet.com)
Vessels6
  • The lymph system is a network of organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and lymph vessels that make and move lymph from tissues to the bloodstream. (medlineplus.gov)
  • They filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid and are connected to lymph vessels. (rxlist.com)
  • The lymph system is a network of vessels and organs throughout the body. (stlukesonline.org)
  • Lymph ends up in lymphatic collecting vessels that are thinner walled, have more valves, and anastomize more that veins. (studystack.com)
  • Poorly functioning lymphatics (lymph vessels) cause swelling or edema of an organ. (safarivet.com)
  • We call it engorgement if the pain becomes really severe because the milk is so full in the breasts that it squeezes shut some of the blood and lymph vessels. (mountsinai.org)
Liver2
  • But the kicker is, NOW a lymph node near liver on PET lit up (almost didn't have a PET done), but doc wanted to double check the liver spot seen on the CT. (cancer.org)
  • They crowd the bone marrow, enter the bloodstream, and can spread to other parts of the body, like the lymph nodes, brain, or liver. (kidshealth.org)
Fluid11
  • When bacteria are recognized in the lymph fluid, the lymph nodes make more infection-fighting white blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The lymphatic drainage refers to the manner in which tissue fluid, or lymph, is drained from the body and returns to a central location -- in this case, a lymph node. (rxlist.com)
  • The lymph nodes filter lymph fluid as it flows through them, trapping bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances, which are then destroyed by the lymphocytes. (stlukesonline.org)
  • Lymph nodes are part of the lymph system, which carries lymph fluid, nutrients, and waste material between the body tissues and the bloodstream. (kaiserpermanente.org)
  • Lymph Support features N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) which helps liquify and move the lymph fluid. (tryunity.net)
  • Lymph is fluid that circulates through the entire body much like blood. (safarivet.com)
  • Lymph fluid is composed of water, proteins (antibodies) and lymphocytes. (safarivet.com)
  • The lymph fluid circulates but does not have a pump like the heart for circulation. (safarivet.com)
  • The fluid present in such swelling is usually lymph. (safarivet.com)
  • The lymph node will capture the draining fluid from an infected organ and process the foreign material to use to make antibodies to protect the body. (safarivet.com)
  • This is a white fluid (lymph) which floods the chest causing the animal to have severe breathing problems. (safarivet.com)
Nearby lymph nodes3
  • When a part of the body is infected, the nearby lymph nodes become swollen as they collect and destroy the infecting organisms. (stlukesonline.org)
  • It may or may not have spread to nearby lymph nodes. (ahealthyme.com)
  • It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body. (ahealthyme.com)
Positive lymph node2
  • Current tumor staging systems are based on regional positive lymph node counts and largely ignore the total number of nodes retrieved. (medscape.com)
  • By definition, sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) are analyzed in patients who do not have a clinically positive lymph node. (medscape.com)
Regional lymph nodes1
  • Vaccination progression and normal local reactions are difficult to distinguish from a superinfection of the vaccination site or regional lymph nodes. (cdc.gov)
Fever1
  • Monkeypox presents with fever, an extensive characteristic rash and usually swollen lymph nodes. (bvsalud.org)
Tuberculosis3
  • We report the isolation, since lated in the Republic of Djibouti, where 2 hospitals 2010, of 21 new strains of M. canettii in Djibouti, of which manage tuberculosis (TB) infections among the Djiboutian 7 were associated with 2 lymph node TB outbreaks in chil- population and expatriates ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Isolated tuberculosis of pancreas and peripancreatic lymph nodes is very rare and difficult to recognise. (eurekamag.com)
  • Most common cause of lymphadenopathy was tuberculosis and most common group of lymph node was cervical lymph nodes. (who.int)
Bacteria3
  • Your body has a number of lymph nodes, which act as filters for bad bacteria and viruses. (wikihow.com)
  • Lymph nodes function to filter and trap viruses, bacteria and other pathogens before they can spread and infect other parts of the body. (vivu.tv)
  • Pets with bacterial infections will have bacteria within their lymph nodes. (safarivet.com)
Involvement4
  • Lymph node involvement by silicotic nodules frequently accompanies pulmonary silicosis, and is often present as an isolated finding in exposed individuals with no radiologic or histologic stigmata of pulmonary silicosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Histological evidence of metastatic involvement of paratracheal lymph nodes in hypopharyngeal carcinoma and its clinicopathological implications were studied. (who.int)
  • Tumor size, lymph node involvement, and grade are anatomical prognostic factors, while estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 status are predictive of response to therapy. (cancer.gov)
  • There may also be evidence of local lymph node involvement. (medstarhealth.org)
Move the lymph1
  • When limbs do not move the lymph flow stagnates which leads to swelling. (safarivet.com)
Surgery5
  • To save the normal ejaculation function, surgeons have developed a type of retroperitoneal lymph node surgery called nerve-sparing surgery that has a very high rate of success in experienced hands. (washington.edu)
  • Nerve-sparing RPLND where the surgeon attempts to remove all the lymph nodes, yet prospectively identifies and spares the nerves during the surgery. (washington.edu)
  • Which patients should be considered for lymph node surgery in melanoma? (dermnetnz.org)
  • What are the contraindications with lymph node surgery? (dermnetnz.org)
  • According to MassageTherapy.com, lymph drainage massages can help with healing after surgery. (leaf.tv)
Procedure3
  • In this situation, some patients choose to undergo what is called a "Primary RPLND" to find out whether the tumor has spread to the abdominal lymph nodes and potentially serve as a curative procedure by removing the cancerous lymph nodes. (washington.edu)
  • The goal of the RPLND procedure (either open or laparoscopic) is removal of all target lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum. (washington.edu)
  • The SLNB has become a gold standard procedure for axillary lymph node evaluation in clinically node-negative patients, and emerging data show that the survival benefits of the ALND may not be greater than the SLNB alone in patients with up to 2 positive SLNs [ 5 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Biopsies5
  • Although lymphedema can be a complication of sentinel lymph node biopsies, it is much more common when multiple lymph nodes need to be removed. (rxlist.com)
  • Additionally, so long as the patient has no other health concerns, the radiologists do not recommend that any additional imaging or biopsies be performed unless the lymph nodes remain swollen for more than six weeks. (people.com)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Histopathologic diagnosis of lymph node biopsies. (who.int)
  • This is a retrospective study of biopsies of lymph nodes received in the department of pathology, Nepal Medical College (NMC), from January 2004 to December 2005. (who.int)
  • Total number of lymph node biopsies during the two year period was 55, out of which 56.0% cases were females and 44.0% were males with M:F 1:1.29. (who.int)
Symptoms3
  • To treat swollen lymph nodes you must treat the cause, if it is a bacterial infection, antibiotics will usually be prescribed, if the infection is viral, you can be prescribed drugs which manage your symptoms, but will have to wait for it to resolve on its own. (wikihow.com)
  • Lymph-Tone I® was formulated to complement the clinical model devised by Dr. Hans-Heinrich Reckeweg, who postulated that symptoms are an expression of the body's progressive and strategic efforts to deal with toxins. (icnr.com)
  • If it spreads to the lymph nodes in the chest, symptoms may include breathing problems and chest pain. (kidshealth.org)
Human lymph3
  • TLR9 signalling may be critically important for B cell activity in lymph nodes but little is known about the in vivo impact of TLR9 agonism on human lymph node B cells. (nih.gov)
  • Our data present novel evidence that the TLR9 agonist MGN1703 modulates human lymph node B cells in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • In the current paper, the results from photoacoustic imaging on six resected suspect human lymph nodes from patients with melanoma are described. (utwente.nl)
Identify lymph1
  • Additionally, the particles emitted a signal, which was used to identify lymph nodes and confirm the degradation of the particles. (illinois.edu)
Resection2
  • Seven participants completed the sub-study including lymph node resection at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Complete clearance of the paratracheal (recurrent laryngeal chain) lymph nodes was done successfully without manubrial resection. (who.int)
Melanoma7
  • In-transit sentinel lymph nodes located closer to the melanoma site than the regional nodes have been detected in 10% [4]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • A truncal melanoma can have a sentinel lymph node in the axilla, the inguinal region , or both. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The sentinel lymph nodes are excised for examination by a pathologist who measures the dimensions of any melanoma found within the lymph nodes and whether it extends beyond the lymph node (which confers poorer prognosis ) [9]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The pathologist examines all the excised lymph nodes for metastatic melanoma [2]. (dermnetnz.org)
  • For more information about the paper and the work on photoacoustic imaging of melanoma lymph nodes, contact Diederik Grootendorst ( [email protected] ). (utwente.nl)
  • Macrophages, pigmented or not, may resemble metastatic melanoma in the sentinel lymph nodes (SLN). (medscape.com)
  • Since analysis of the cytomorphologic features of such nevus cells in the lymph node is so important, it is always recommended to compare these cells with the melanoma cells in the primary lesion. (medscape.com)
Drainage massage3
  • What Are the Benefits of Lymph Drainage Massage? (leaf.tv)
  • Dr. Bruno Chikly, author of "Silent Waves, Theory and Practice of Lymph Drainage Therapy," states on MassageTherapy.com that lymph drainage massage can help to reduce the swelling of engorgement and ameliorate plugged ducts. (leaf.tv)
  • Lymph Drainage Massage is an effective technique developed to help overcome cellulite problems, improving the absorption of fluids, and helps the circulatory systems with a better vein and lymph return. (lamerceddelalto.com)
Tissues1
  • The alliance's website states that lymph drainage massages help speed regeneration of tissues and cells. (leaf.tv)
Patients10
  • Fine needle aspirates [‎FNA]‎ of superficial lymph nodes were obtained from 150 patients complaining of lymphadenopathy. (who.int)
  • 11.6 percent of patients reported swollen lymph nodes after the first dose of the Moderna vaccine, followed by 16 percent after the second dose, the outlet reported. (people.com)
  • We had started to see more patients in our breast imaging clinic with enlarged lymph nodes on mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. (people.com)
  • One important aspect is communication, with radiologists suggesting that patients should be notified via letter that 'enlarged lymph nodes are common after the COVID-19 vaccine,' and that the lymph nodes on the side where patients received the vaccine will appear larger. (people.com)
  • First, use of meticulous PLND in the identification of patients with lymph node invasion is not only important for staging but also for planning the optimal postoperative therapeutic approach. (cancernetwork.com)
  • For instance, compared with patients who had a ratio below 0.1, those with middle and high lymph node density ratios had 2.04-fold and 3.61-fold higher risk of mortality, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Patients in the same lymph node stage still had different prognoses because of different lymph node density ratios after adjustment for confounders. (medscape.com)
  • These patients are then typically offered a completion lymphadenectomy to remove the remainder of the lymph nodes in that anatomic area to improve local control of disease. (medscape.com)
  • Tojima Y , Nagino M, Ebata T, Uesaka K, Kamiya J, Nimura Y. Immunohistochemically demonstrated lymph node micrometastasis and prognosis in patients with otherwise node-negative hilar cholangiocarcinoma. (wjgnet.com)
  • Lymph Node Micrometastases are Associated with Worse Survival in Patients with Otherwise Node-Negative Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma. (wjgnet.com)
Swelling5
  • Acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help to control the swelling surrounding your lymph nodes. (wikihow.com)
  • Lymph node swelling is not a reported side effect of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which was authorized for emergency use by the FDA over the weekend. (people.com)
  • An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. (curehunter.com)
  • Lymph drainage massages also reduce swelling and detoxify the body, according to the International Alliance of Healthcare Educators. (leaf.tv)
  • Swelling that may be the size of a pea or kidney bean, or even larger in the lymph nodes. (vivu.tv)
Tissue3
  • Next, the doctor will use ultrasound to look at the lymph node and take small tissue samples. (alberta.ca)
  • Harrison stated that only by removing the whole manubrium sterni could the paratracheal adipose tissue, lymphatics and lymph nodes be removed as far as the left innominate vein [5,6,7]. (who.int)
  • The lymph nodes, fatty tissue, ducts, and other parts of the inside of the breast are also shown. (cancer.gov)
Infection7
  • Lymph nodes mainly store immune cells that help the body fight infection but are also places where these cells can be made. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If your lymph nodes are swollen, you can start to shrink them by treating any underlying injury, disorder or infection. (wikihow.com)
  • Lymph nodes produce immune cells to help fight infection. (mountsinai.org)
  • Usually lymph nodes are not enlarged and thus not able to be felt, but if you have previously had an infection (such as tonsillitis) you may have noticed and felt lymph node becoming enlarged, painful and tender. (vivu.tv)
  • Can lymph nodes hurt without infection? (vivu.tv)
  • Painful lymph nodes are generally a sign that your body is fighting an infection. (vivu.tv)
  • However, asphalt -related increases in lymphocyte secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were observed at different times after bacterial infection, whereas the total number of lymph-node cells and the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells were not significantly different among the treatment groups. (cdc.gov)
Prognosis2
  • The researchers calculated the ideal prognosis-related cut points for lymph node density, which is the ratio of positive nodes to total nodes examined. (medscape.com)
  • The optimal prognosis-related lymph node density cut-off values were 0.1 and 0.4. (medscape.com)
Thyroid2
  • All her bloodwork looks good, however she is still telling me that her lymph nodes and thyroid still hurt. (healingwell.com)
  • If she yells or laughs it makes her lymph nodes/thyroid hurt. (healingwell.com)
Lymphatics1
  • The lymph in the intestines absorbs a large amount of the fat that we eat and absence of the lymphatics (lymphangiectasia) is a serious cause of diarrhea in young affected dogs (this condition is rare). (safarivet.com)
Trim Balm Herbal Salve | Herbs for Weight Management & Lymph Cleansing | Banyan Botanicals
Trim Balm Herbal Salve | Herbs for Weight Management & Lymph Cleansing | Banyan Botanicals (banyanbotanicals.com)
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