Longitudinal studies. Medical search

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of adolescents in grades 7-12 in the United States during the 1994-95 school year. The Add Health cohort has been followed into young adulthood. (from http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth accessed 08/2012)

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The continuous sequential physiological and psychological maturing of an individual from birth up to but not including ADOLESCENCE.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

An indicator of body density as determined by the relationship of BODY WEIGHT to BODY HEIGHT. BMI=weight (kg)/height squared (m2). BMI correlates with body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE). Their relationship varies with age and gender. For adults, BMI falls into these categories: below 18.5 (underweight); 18.5-24.9 (normal); 25.0-29.9 (overweight); 30.0 and above (obese). (National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.

Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with major depression present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Any observable response or action of an adolescent.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

The interactions between parent and child.

Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.

Intellectual or mental process whereby an organism obtains knowledge.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Female parents, human or animal.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

Educational attainment or level of education of individuals.

Performing the role of a parent by care-giving, nurturance, and protection of the child by a natural or substitute parent. The parent supports the child by exercising authority and through consistent, empathic, appropriate behavior in response to the child's needs. PARENTING differs from CHILD REARING in that in child rearing the emphasis is on the act of training or bringing up the children and the interaction between the parent and child, while parenting emphasizes the responsibility and qualities of exemplary behavior of the parent.

The reciprocal interaction of two or more persons.

The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.

Discontinuance of care received by patient(s) due to reasons other than full recovery from the disease.

Persons functioning as natural, adoptive, or substitute parents. The heading includes the concept of parenthood as well as preparation for becoming a parent.

Any observable response or action of a child from 24 months through 12 years of age. For neonates or children younger than 24 months, INFANT BEHAVIOR is available.

Behaviors associated with the ingesting of alcoholic beverages, including social drinking.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Child with one or more parents afflicted by a physical or mental disorder.

A period in the human life in which the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system takes place and reaches full maturity. The onset of synchronized endocrine events in puberty lead to the capacity for reproduction (FERTILITY), development of secondary SEX CHARACTERISTICS, and other changes seen in ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT.

Field of psychology concerned with the normal and abnormal behavior of adolescents. It includes mental processes as well as observable responses.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

The antisocial acts of children or persons under age which are illegal or lawfully interpreted as constituting delinquency.

A stratum of people with similar position and prestige; includes social stratification. Social class is measured by criteria such as education, occupation, and income.

Group composed of associates of same species, approximately the same age, and usually of similar rank or social status.

A state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. (From APA Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

The distance from the sole to the crown of the head with body standing on a flat surface and fully extended.

The continuous sequential physiological and psychological changes during ADOLESCENCE, approximately between the age of 13 and 18.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Predisposition to react to one's environment in a certain way; usually refers to mood changes.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

The performance of the basic activities of self care, such as dressing, ambulation, or eating.

Interaction between a mother and child.

The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body.

Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc.

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Personality construct referring to an individual's perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his or her own behavior versus fate, luck, or external forces. (ERIC Thesaurus, 1996).

An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.

An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.

Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Adaptation of the person to the social environment. Adjustment may take place by adapting the self to the environment or by changing the environment. (From Campbell, Psychiatric Dictionary, 1996)

Growth of habitual patterns of behavior in childhood and adolescence.

The state of being engaged in an activity or service for wages or salary.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

The smallest continent and an independent country, comprising six states and two territories. Its capital is Canberra.

The ability to learn and to deal with new situations and to deal effectively with tasks involving abstractions.

Gradual increase in the number, the size, and the complexity of cells of an individual. Growth generally results in increase in ORGAN WEIGHT; BODY WEIGHT; and BODY HEIGHT.

Success in bringing an effort to the desired end; the degree or level of success attained in some specified area (esp. scholastic) or in general.

Disorders related to substance abuse.

Male parents, human or animal.

Those occurrences, including social, psychological, and environmental, which require an adjustment or effect a change in an individual's pattern of living.

Evaluation of the level of physical, physiological, or mental functioning in the older population group.

Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the continent of Europe.

Behavior-response patterns that characterize the individual.

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

A person's view of himself.

Elements of residence that characterize a population. They are applicable in determining need for and utilization of health services.

Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The state wherein the person is well adjusted.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations.

Disturbances considered to be pathological based on age and stage appropriateness, e.g., conduct disturbances and anaclitic depression. This concept does not include psychoneuroses, psychoses, or personality disorders with fixed patterns.

Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Interaction between the father and the child.

Individuals subjected to and adversely affected by criminal activity. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)

Country located in EUROPE. It is bordered by the NORTH SEA, BELGIUM, and GERMANY. Constituent areas are Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten, formerly included in the NETHERLANDS ANTILLES.

Standardized tests that measure the present general ability or aptitude for intellectual performance.

Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.

The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.

All deaths reported in a given population.

The science and art of collecting, summarizing, and analyzing data that are subject to random variation. The term is also applied to the data themselves and to the summarization of the data.

A social group consisting of parents or parent substitutes and children.

Conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes school admission or job interviews.

Individual or group aggressive behavior which is socially non-acceptable, turbulent, and often destructive. It is precipitated by frustrations, hostility, prejudices, etc.

Struggle or disagreement between parents, parent and child or other members of a family.

The art, technique, or business of producing motion pictures for entertainment, propaganda, or instruction.

The inhabitants of a city or town, including metropolitan areas and suburban areas.

Abuse of children in a family, institutional, or other setting. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The nursing of an infant at the breast.

Persons living in the United States having origins in any of the black groups of Africa.

The number of males and females in a given population. The distribution may refer to how many men or women or what proportion of either in the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.

The training or molding of an individual through various relationships, educational agencies, and social controls, which enables him to become a member of a particular society.

Behaviors expressed by individuals to protect, maintain or promote their health status. For example, proper diet, and appropriate exercise are activities perceived to influence health status. Life style is closely associated with health behavior and factors influencing life style are socioeconomic, educational, and cultural.

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Those characteristics that distinguish one SEX from the other. The primary sex characteristics are the OVARIES and TESTES and their related hormones. Secondary sex characteristics are those which are masculine or feminine but not directly related to reproduction.

A situation in which the level of living of an individual, family, or group is below the standard of the community. It is often related to a specific income level.

Check list, usually to be filled out by a person about himself, consisting of many statements about personal characteristics which the subject checks.

The determination and evaluation of personality attributes by interviews, observations, tests, or scales. Articles concerning personality measurement are considered to be within scope of this term.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Behavior which may be manifested by destructive and attacking action which is verbal or physical, by covert attitudes of hostility or by obstructionism.

Method for obtaining information through verbal responses, written or oral, from subjects.

Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.

Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

The measurement of the health status for a given population using a variety of indices, including morbidity, mortality, and available health resources.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

A noninvasive method for assessing BODY COMPOSITION. It is based on the differential absorption of X-RAYS (or GAMMA RAYS) by different tissues such as bone, fat and other soft tissues. The source of (X-ray or gamma-ray) photon beam is generated either from radioisotopes such as GADOLINIUM 153, IODINE 125, or Americanium 241 which emit GAMMA RAYS in the appropriate range; or from an X-ray tube which produces X-RAYS in the desired range. It is primarily used for quantitating BONE MINERAL CONTENT, especially for the diagnosis of OSTEOPOROSIS, and also in measuring BONE MINERALIZATION.

Size and composition of the family.

The amount of fat or lipid deposit at a site or an organ in the body, an indicator of body fat status.

Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.

A province of eastern Canada. Its capital is Quebec. The region belonged to France from 1627 to 1763 when it was lost to the British. The name is from the Algonquian quilibek meaning the place where waters narrow, referring to the gradually narrowing channel of the St. Lawrence or to the narrows of the river at Cape Diamond. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p993 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p440)

Persons whom one knows, likes, and trusts.

Any behavior caused by or affecting another individual, usually of the same species.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.

The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

Application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study.

The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.

Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.

The form and structure of analytic studies in epidemiologic and clinical research.

Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)

The gradual expansion in complexity and meaning of symbols and sounds as perceived and interpreted by the individual through a maturational and learning process. Stages in development include babbling, cooing, word imitation with cognition, and use of short sentences.

A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The inhabitants of rural areas or of small towns classified as rural.

A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)

The social institution involving legal and/or religious sanction whereby individuals are joined together.

The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.

Undertaking a task involving a challenge for achievement or a desirable goal in which there is a lack of certainty or a fear of failure. It may also include the exhibiting of certain behaviors whose outcomes may present a risk to the individual or to those associated with him or her.

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. These behaviors include aggressive conduct that causes or threatens physical harm to other people or animals, nonaggressive conduct that causes property loss or damage, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. The onset is before age 18. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

Typical way of life or manner of living characteristic of an individual or group. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Continuous sequential changes which occur in the physiological and psychological functions during the life-time of an individual.

Mood or emotional responses dissonant with or inappropriate to the behavior and/or stimulus.

Determination of the degree of a physical, mental, or emotional handicap. The diagnosis is applied to legal qualification for benefits and income under disability insurance and to eligibility for Social Security and workmen's compensation benefits.

Any deviation of results or inferences from the truth, or processes leading to such deviation. Bias can result from several sources: one-sided or systematic variations in measurement from the true value (systematic error); flaws in study design; deviation of inferences, interpretations, or analyses based on flawed data or data collection; etc. There is no sense of prejudice or subjectivity implied in the assessment of bias under these conditions.

Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Standardized tests designed to measure abilities, as in intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests, or to evaluate personality traits.

Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

Sexual activities of humans.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Any observable response or action of a neonate or infant up through the age of 23 months.

Emotional attachment to someone or something in the environment.

The relating of causes to the effects they produce. Causes are termed necessary when they must always precede an effect and sufficient when they initiate or produce an effect. Any of several factors may be associated with the potential disease causation or outcome, including predisposing factors, enabling factors, precipitating factors, reinforcing factors, and risk factors.

Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed)

Educational institutions.

Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.

Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

A group of islands in the southwest Pacific. Its capital is Wellington. It was discovered by the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman in 1642 and circumnavigated by Cook in 1769. Colonized in 1840 by the New Zealand Company, it became a British crown colony in 1840 until 1907 when colonial status was terminated. New Zealand is a partly anglicized form of the original Dutch name Nieuw Zeeland, new sea land, possibly with reference to the Dutch province of Zeeland. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p842 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p378)

Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)

A range of values for a variable of interest, e.g., a rate, constructed so that this range has a specified probability of including the true value of the variable.

Two individuals derived from two FETUSES that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the UTERUS simultaneously, and born to the same mother. Twins are either monozygotic (TWINS, MONOZYGOTIC) or dizygotic (TWINS, DIZYGOTIC).

A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standard of acceptable or desirable weight. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat".

The process by which an aspect of self image is developed based on in-group preference or ethnocentrism and a perception of belonging to a social or cultural group. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)

Includes two similar disorders: oppositional defiant disorder and CONDUCT DISORDERS. Symptoms occurring in children with these disorders include: defiance of authority figures, angry outbursts, and other antisocial behaviors.

State of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients.

A personality disorder whose essential feature is a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood. The individual must be at least age 18 and must have a history of some symptoms of CONDUCT DISORDER before age 15. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

A risk factor for suicide attempts and completions, it is the most common of all suicidal behavior, but only a minority of ideators engage in overt self-harm.

Those forms of control which are exerted in less concrete and tangible ways, as through folkways, mores, conventions, and public sentiment.

Persons who provide care to those who need supervision or assistance in illness or disability. They may provide the care in the home, in a hospital, or in an institution. Although caregivers include trained medical, nursing, and other health personnel, the concept also refers to parents, spouses, or other family members, friends, members of the clergy, teachers, social workers, fellow patients.

Effect of growth hormone treatment on adult height of children with idiopathic short stature. Genentech Collaborative Group. (1/19822)

BACKGROUND: Short-term administration of growth hormone to children with idiopathic short stature results in increases in growth rate and standard-deviation scores for height. However, the effect of long-term growth hormone therapy on adult height in these children is unknown. METHODS: We studied 121 children with idiopathic short stature, all of whom had an initial height below the third percentile, low growth rates, and maximal stimulated serum concentrations of growth hormone of at least 10 microg per liter. The children were treated with growth hormone (0.3 mg per kilogram of body weight per week) for 2 to 10 years. Eighty of these children have reached adult height, with a bone age of at least 16 years in the boys and at least 14 years in the girls, and pubertal stage 4 or 5. The difference between the predicted adult height before treatment and achieved adult height was compared with the corresponding difference in three untreated normal or short-statured control groups. RESULTS: In the 80 children who have reached adult height, growth hormone treatment increased the mean standard-deviation score for height (number of standard deviations from the mean height for chronologic age) from -2.7 to -1.4. The mean (+/-SD) difference between predicted adult height before treatment and achieved adult height was +5.0+/-5.1 cm for boys and +5.9+/-5.2 cm for girls. The difference between predicted and achieved adult height among treated boys was 9.2 cm greater than the corresponding difference among untreated boys with initial standard-deviation scores of less than -2, and the difference among treated girls was 5.7 cm greater than the difference among untreated girls. CONCLUSION: Long-term administration of growth hormone to children with idiopathic short stature can increase adult height to a level above the predicted adult height and above the adult height of untreated historical control children. (+info)

Incidence and occupational pattern of leukaemias, lymphomas, and testicular tumours in western Ireland over an 11 year period. (2/19822)

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine incidence of the following malignancies, testicular tumours, all leukaemias and all lymphomas in the West of Ireland in an 11 year period. Secondly, to examine the relation between disease patterns and available occupational data in male subjects of working age. DESIGN: A census survey of all cases occurring in the three counties in the Western Health Board (WHB) area, Galway, Mayo and Roscommon, for the 11 year period 1980 to 1990 inclusive. Average annual age standardised incidence rates for the period were calculated using the 1986 census data. Rates for the area are compared with rates from the southern region of Ireland, which had a tumour registry. Trends over the time period are evaluated. All male subjects for whom occupational data were available were categorised using the Irish socioeconomic group classification and incidence rates by occupation were compared using the standardised incidence ratio method. In one of the counties, Galway, a detailed occupational history of selected cases and an age matched control group was also elicited through patients' general practitioners. SETTING: All available case records in the West of Ireland. RESULTS: There are no national incidence records for the period. Compared with data from the Southern Tumour Registry, the number of cases of women with myeloid leukaemias was significantly lower. Male leukaemia rates were significantly lower as a group (SIR 84 (95% CI 74, 95) but not when considered as individual categories. Regression analysis revealed an increasing trend in the number of new cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among both men (r = 0.47, p = 0.02) and women (r = 0.90, p = 0.0001) and of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in men (r = 0.77, p = 0.005) and women (r = 0.68 p = 0.02) in the WHB region over the last decade. Four hundred and fifty six male cases over the age of 15 years were identified and adequate occupational information was available for 74% of these. Standardised incidence ratios of testicular tumours 100, 938) and agriworkers other than farmers (SIR 377, 95% CI 103, 967). There were also significantly increased incidence ratios for both non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (SIR 169, 95% CI 124, 266) and three categories of leukaemias among farmers. Hodgkin's disease and acute myeloid leukaemias were significantly increased among semi-skilled people. Interview data with 90 cases and 54 controls of both sexes revealed that among farmers, cases (n = 31) were significantly less likely than controls (n = 20) to use tractor mounted spraying techniques (OR = 0.19 (95% CI 0.04, 0.80)) and less likely to wear protective masks (OR 0.22 (95% CI 0.05, 0.84)). CONCLUSIONS: Trends of increase in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and some leukaemias are consistent with studies elsewhere. The study provides further evidence of the relation between agricultural work and certain lymphoproliferative cancers. The possible carcinogenic role of chemicals used in agricultural industries must be considered as an explanation. (+info)

Do housing tenure and car access predict health because they are simply markers of income or self esteem? A Scottish study. (3/19822)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate relations between health (using a range of measures) and housing tenure or car access; and to test the hypothesis that observed relations between these asset based measures and health are simply because they are markers for income or self esteem. DESIGN: Analysis of data from second wave of data collection of West of Scotland Twenty-07 study, collected in 1991 by face to face interviews conducted by nurse interviewers. SETTING: The Central Clydeside Conurbation, in the West of Scotland. SUBJECTS: 785 people (354 men, 431 women) in their late 30s, and 718 people (358 men, 359 women) in their late 50s, participants in a longitudinal study. MEASURES: General Health Questionnaire scores, respiratory function, waist/hip ratio, number of longstanding illnesses, number of symptoms in the last month, and systolic blood pressure; household income adjusted for household size and composition; Rosenberg self esteem score; housing tenure and care access. RESULTS: On bivariate analysis, all the health measures were significantly associated with housing tenure, and all except waist/hip ratio with car access; all except waist/hip ratio were related to income, and all except systolic blood pressure were related to self esteem. In models controlling for age, sex, and their interaction, neither waist/hip ratio nor systolic blood pressure remained significantly associated with tenure or care access. Significant relations with all the remaining health measures persisted after further controlling for income or self esteem. CONCLUSIONS: Housing tenure and car access may not only be related to health because they are markers for income or psychological traits; they may also have some directly health promoting or damaging effects. More research is needed to establish mechanisms by which they may influence health, and to determine the policy implications of their association with health. (+info)

Carotenoid intakes, assessed by dietary questionnaire, are associated with plasma carotenoid concentrations in an elderly population. (4/19822)

High intakes of fruits and vegetables and of carotenoids are associated with a lower risk for a variety of chronic diseases. It is therefore important to test the validity of dietary questionnaires that assess these intakes. We compared intakes of five carotenoids, as calculated from responses to the Willett 126-item food-frequency questionnaire, with corresponding biochemical measures. Subjects included 346 women and 201 men, aged 67-93 y, in the Framingham Heart Study. Unadjusted correlations were higher among women than men as follows: alpha-carotene 0.33 and 0.18, beta-carotene, 0.36 and 0.25; beta-cryptoxanthin, 0.44 and 0.32; lycopene, 0.35 and 0.21; and lutein + zeaxanthin, 0.27 and 0.10, respectively. Adjustment for age, energy intake, body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), plasma cholesterol concentrations and smoking reduced the gender differences, respectively, to the following: alpha-carotene 0.30 and 0.28; beta-carotene, 0.34 and 0.31; beta-cryptoxanthin, 0.45 and 0.36; lycopene, 0.36 and 0.31; and lutein + zeaxanthin, 0.24 and 0.14. Plots of adjusted mean plasma carotenoid concentration by quintile of respective carotenoid intake show apparent greater responsiveness among women, compared with men, to dietary intake of alpha- and beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin, but similar blood-diet relationships for lycopene and lutein + zeaxanthin. Reported daily intake of fruits and vegetables correlated most strongly with plasma beta-cryptoxanthin and beta-carotene among women and with plasma alpha- and beta-carotene among men. With the exception of lutein + zeaxanthin, this dietary questionnaire does provide reasonable rankings of carotenoid status among elderly subjects, with the strongest correlations for beta-cryptoxanthin. Appropriate adjustment of confounders is necessary to clarify these associations among men. (+info)

Obstructive uropathy and hydronephrosis in male KK-Ay mice: a report of cases. (5/19822)

Uropathy associated with hydronephrosis was observed frequently in our male KK-Ay mouse colony during a long-term study of diabetes. The lesion occurred in 24 of the 31 KK-Ay male mice and accounted for the greatest number of spontaneous deaths among them. It was observed after 4 months of age and involved about hard plugs of altered seminal material resembling the seminal vesicle secretion. The plugs became impacted in the urethral bulb and the bladder. The penile anatomy, with its flexure, pressure on the urethra from the bulbocavernosus muscle, and the characteristic ability of the seminal fluid to easily coagulate to form the vaginal plug may have contributed to the lesion. Correlation between development of the uropathy and diabetes has not been established. (+info)

Measurement of striatal D2 dopamine receptor density and affinity with [11C]-raclopride in vivo: a test-retest analysis. (6/19822)

Subacute and long-term stability of measurements of D2 dopamine receptor density (Bmax), affinity (Kd) was studied with positron emission tomography in eight healthy male volunteers. [11C]-Raclopride and the transient equilibrium method were used to measure D2 receptor characteristics. The interval between measurements (scan pairs) was 3 to 7 weeks (subacute) for four subjects and 6 to 11 months (long-term) for four subjects. A test-retest analysis of quantitative measurements of D2 receptor Bmax and Kd was compared with that done on binding potential (BP, Bmax/Kd) measures. In addition, the effect of error in defining the transient equilibrium time (tmax) in the parameter estimation procedure was explored with simulations. The subacute test-retest indicates good reproducibility of D2 receptor density, affinity, and BP ratio measurements with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.90, 0.96, and 0.86, respectively. The variability of the measurements after 6 to 11 months was slightly higher than that seen in a subacute testing for Kd and more clearly so for binding potential and Bmax. The absolute variability in Bmax (14.5%) measurements was consistently higher than that of Kd (8.4%) or BP (7.9%) both in subacute and long-term measurements. Simulations indicated that the Bmax and Kd estimation procedure is more sensitive to error in the tmax than that for the BP. The results indicate a good overall stability of the equilibrium method with [11C]raclopride for measuring dopamine D2 receptor binding characteristics in the striatum. The BP approach is more stable than Kd and especially Bmax measurements. Error in defining the tmax in particular in the low specific radioactivity scan may be one source of greater variability in Bmax versus BP. However, a higher intraindividual variability in measurements of the D2 receptor Bmax also may include a component of continuous regulation of this parameter over time. These methodologic aspects should be considered in the design and interpretation of longitudinal studies on D2 dopamine receptor characteristics with [11C]-raclopride. (+info)

New-onset sustained ventricular tachycardia after cardiac surgery. (7/19822)

BACKGROUND: The de novo occurrence of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) after CABG has been described, but the incidence, mortality rate, long-term follow-up, and mechanism are not well defined. METHODS AND RESULTS: This prospective study enrolled consecutive patients undergoing CABG at a single institution. Patients were followed up for the development of sustained VT, and a detailed analysis of clinical, angiographic, and surgical variables associated with the occurrence of VT was performed. A total of 382 patients participated, and 12 patients (3.1%) experienced >/=1 episode of sustained VT 4.1+/-4.8 days after CABG. In 11 of 12 patients, no postoperative complication explained the VT; 1 patient had a perioperative myocardial infarction. The in-hospital mortality rate was 25%. Patients with VT were more likely to have prior myocardial infarction (92% versus 50%, P<0.01), severe congestive heart failure (56% versus 21%, P<0.01), and ejection fraction <0.40 (70% versus 29%, P<0.01). When all 3 factors were present, the risk of VT was 30%, a 14-fold increase. Patients with VT had more noncollateralized totally occluded vessels on angiogram (1.4+/-0.97 versus 0.54+/-0.7, P<0.01), a bypass graft across a noncollateralized occluded vessel (1.50+/-1.0 versus 0.42+/-0.62, P<0.01), and a bypass graft across a noncollateralized occluded vessel to an infarct zone (1.50+/-1.0 versus 0.17+/-0.38, P<0.01). By multivariate analysis, the number of bypass grafts across a noncollateralized occluded vessel to an infarct zone was the only independent factor predicting VT. CONCLUSIONS: The first presentation of sustained monomorphic VT in the recovery period after CABG is uncommon, but the incidence is high in specific clinical subsets. Placement of a bypass graft across a noncollateralized total occlusion in a vessel supplying an infarct zone was strongly and independently associated with the development of VT. (+info)

Septicemia in dialysis patients: incidence, risk factors, and prognosis. (8/19822)

BACKGROUND: Infection is second to cardiovascular disease as a cause of death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and septicemia causes a majority of these infectious deaths. To identify patients at high risk and to characterize modifiable risk factors for septicemia, we examined the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis for septicemia in a large, representative group of U.S. dialysis patients. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of incident ESRD patients in the case-mix study of the U.S. Renal Data System with seven years of follow-up from hospitalization and death records. Poisson regression was used to examine independent risk factors for hospital-managed septicemia. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to assess the independent effect of septicemia on all-cause mortality and on death from septicemia. Separate analyses were performed for patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD). RESULTS: Over seven years of follow-up, 11.7% of 4005 HD patients and 9.4% of 913 PD patients had at least one episode of septicemia. Older age and diabetes were independent risk factors for septicemia in all patients. Among HD patients, low serum albumin, temporary vascular access, and dialyzer reuse were also associated with increased risk. Among PD patients, white race and having no health insurance at dialysis initiation were also risk factors. Patients with septicemia had twice the risk of death from any cause and a fivefold to ninefold increased risk of death from septicemia. CONCLUSIONS: Septicemia, which carries a marked increased risk of death, occurs frequently in patients on PD as well as HD. Early referral to a nephrologist, improving nutrition, and avoiding temporary vascular access may decrease the incidence of septicemia. Further study of how race, insurance status, and dialyzer reuse can contribute to the risk of septicemia among ESRD patients is indicated. (+info)

Longitudinal study[edit]. In 2016, the results of a long term study by the US National Institute of Health (NIH) were released ... After the study results were revealed, former contestants demanded NBC cancel the show.[17] ... that documented the weight gain and loss of contestants in Season 8, which aired in 2009.[17] The study found that most of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Biggest_Loser_

Karvonen MJ, Kentala E, Mustala O (1957). "The effects of training on heart rate; a longitudinal study". Ann Med Exp Biol Fenn ... Karvonen's study findings have been questioned, due to the following: *The study did not use VO2 data to develop the equation. ... The study, published in The Lancet (September 2008) studied 11,000 people, across 33 countries, who were being treated for ... Their meta-analysis (of 351 prior studies involving 492 groups and 18,712 subjects) and laboratory study (of 514 healthy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate

A longitudinal study". Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 50 (6): 1005-1111. doi:10.1007/s00127-014-0996-8. PMID ... A correlational study of job burnout and organizational commitment among correctional officers. Capella University. School of ... In one study employees met weekly to discuss and attempt to resolve perceived inequities in their job.[38] The intervention was ... In order to study burnout, a number of researchers developed more focused conceptualizations of burnout. In one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnout_

A longitudinal study. Behaviour & Information Technology, 27, 107-114. doi:10.1080/01449290600875151 ... "The use of collaborative electronic media for information sharing: an exploratory study of determinants." The Journal of ... worlds can provide the basis for e-collaboration behavior and related outcomes as well as a platform for credible studies of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_collaboration

"Centre for Longitudinal Studies.. *^ Sullivan A.; Brown M. (2015). "Vocabulary from adolescence to middle age". Longitudinal ... "Centre for Longitudinal Studies.. *^ Sullivan, A., Brown, M. (2015) "Reading for pleasure and progress in vocabulary and ... The field of visual word recognition studies how people read individual words.[2][3][4] A key technique in studying how ... Bremer, Rod (2016-01-20). The Manual: A Guide to the Ultimate Study Method (2 ed.). Fons Sapientiae Publishing. ISBN 978-0- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_

The study was longitudinal; therefore, follow ups revealed that half the infants who had high negative responses continued to ... Fox's longitudinal study reported that the expression of behavioral inhibition showed a small degree of continuity. Over time, ... Another study set out to examine the link between social inhibition and depression, with the basis for their study being that ... Another study explains that social phobia itself has a few different ways it can manifest. The study aims at understanding the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_inhibition

A longitudinal MRI study". NeuroImage. 42 (4): 1324-8. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.028. PMID 18652903. Schelling F. MS: ... A study of 113 cases". Brain. 122 (12): 2279-2295. doi:10.1093/brain/122.12.2279. PMID 10581222. Retrieved 2006-05-10. Kale N, ... A study of 31 patients". Annals of Neurology. 33: 18-27. doi:10.1002/ana.410330105. PMID 8494332. Saindane; et al. (2002). " ... based classification of multiple sclerosis in cross-sectional and longitudinal data". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30 (9): 1731-9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesional_demyelinations_of_the_central_nervous_system

A longitudinal MRI/MRS study". Curr Pharm Des. 18 (4): 570-5. doi:10.2174/138161212799316163. PMID 22239590. Smith DF, Schou M ... While this study was conducted with rats, it directly contradicts the aforementioned assumptions made by Nieper and others. The ... A 1979 murine study states "The renal lithium clearance was significantly lower, the kidney weight and the lithium ... A two years study", Agressologie., Masson, Proquest, 14 (6): 407-11, ISSN 0002-1148, PMID 4607169 Smith DF (April 1976). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_orotate

"Longitudinal studies". COVID-MIND. Retrieved 2020-05-03. "COVID-19 Research". MARCH. Retrieved 2020-05-03. UCL (2020-03-24). " ... The network collates longitudinal international mental health studies during the pandemic, offering opportunities for ... At the end of April 2020 the social study had over 75,000 participants. As part of the social study Fancourt will conduct in- ... Fancourt studies the impact of the arts on immune response, with a particular focus on the use of music in clinical settings. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daisy_Fancourt

Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). 2006. 45+. 2006. 6,171. 10,254 Japanese Health and Retirement Study (JHRS). 2007. ... Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). 2001. 50+. 2003. 8,614. 13,497 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). 2002. 50+. ... Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have shown that healthy elderly and retired people are as happy or happier and have an ... Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI). pilot 2009. 45+. 2009. Est. 2,000 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retirement

A longitudinal case study in Australia[20] looked at an environmental group concerned about land degradation. The whole project ... Measham, Thomas G. (2013). "How Long Does Social Learning Take? Insights from a Longitudinal Case Study". Society & Natural ... A study by Dubanoski and Tanabe,[19] was made on parenting and social learning, where parents had to attend classes that would ... A significant number of parents improve their children behaviour by the end of the study.[19] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_learning_

"National Longitudinal Studies". National Longitudinal Studies. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Bearman, S.P.; Bruckner, H (2001). " ... This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of peers intervening via text messaging to promote sexual health. Studies showed ... From 1999 to 2006, the study tracked more than 2,000 students from age 11 or 12 to age 16; the study included students who had ... A study analyzed peer health educators in 12th grade of high school (ages 16/17) who taught a minimum of three sex education ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_education_in_the_United_States

Most recently, she is currently serving as the inaugural Chief Executive Officer and President of Colorado Longitudinal Study. ... Colorado Longitudinal Study. "New chancellor took her own path , News". news-gazette.com. 2011-10-16. Retrieved 2020-02-16. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllis_Wise

Helson was a key figure in organizing and conducting the Mills Longitudinal Study, a long-term study of personality development ... "Mills Longitudinal Study". millslab.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2019-12-27. "Is Your Personality Plastic Or Set In Plaster? , The ... The main purpose of the study was to examine personality in relation to creativity in women. Over the years, the study expanded ... The influence of individualism in a longitudinal study of women". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 72 (3): 641-651 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravenna_Helson

A longitudinal study. In: Social Science & Medicine. 67(8), pp. 1282-1290. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.06.025 D. L. Roth, W. E ... predictors of utilisation in a longitudinal study. In: BMC Geriatrics. 2010, 10:24. doi:10.1186/1471-2318-10-24 M. Pinquart, S ... Studies found an increased mortality of caregiving spouses. This effect was only found for spouses who felt burdened due to the ... German Study: Burden and health situation of caregivers. A cross-sectional examination about the home care of chronically care ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caregiver_burden

"Does a new learning environment come up to students' expectations? A longitudinal study." Journal of Educational Psychology 100 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_transitions

A longitudinal study". Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 50 (6): 1005-1111. doi:10.1007/s00127-014-0996-8. PMID ... Moreover, a study by Bianchi, Schonfeld, and Laurent (2014) showed that about 90% of workers with very high scores on the MBI ... In one study employees met weekly to discuss and attempt to resolve perceived inequities in their job. The intervention was ... One study suggests that social-cognitive processes such as commitment to work, self-efficacy, learned resourcefulness, and hope ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_burnout

A longitudinal study. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 42, 20-35.32. Cooper, J.E. (1965) Epilepsy in a longitudinal survey of ... such as the National Child Development Study, the 1970 British Cohort Study and the Millennium Cohort Study. Douglas was born ... Douglas, J.W.B. (1975) Longitudinal studies in the United Kingdom. In Wallace, H.M. (Ed), Health Care of Mothers and Children ... All our future : a longitudinal study of secondary education.,James W.B. Douglas; J M Ross; H R Simpson. London : Panther, 1971 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W._B._Douglas

Longitudinal studiesEdit. Longitudinal studies take measure of the same random sample at multiple time points.[2] Unlike with a ... However, longitudinal studies are both expensive and difficult to do. It's harder to find a sample that will commit to a months ... Longitudinal studies are the easiest way to assess the effect of a naturally occurring event, such as divorce that cannot be ... In cross-sectional studies, a sample (or samples) is drawn from the relevant population and studied once.[2] A cross-sectional ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_survey

Torgesen, J., Wagner, R., & Rashotte, C. (1994). Longitudinal studies of phonological processing and reading. Journal of ... A longitudinal study of first grade children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 33, 283-319. ... New evidence in bi-directional causality from a latent variable longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 30, 73-87. ... Evidence from a latent-variable longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 36, 596-613. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_awareness

A meta-analysis of longitudinal MRI studies.". Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 37: 1680-1691. PMC 3964856 . PMID 23769814 ... Some studies shows correlation of reduced hippocampus volume and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).[121][122][123] A study ... but later studies using more precise techniques found only minimal differences.[92] Similarly, some MRI studies have reported ... have also been studied, and thousands of experiments have studied the physiology of activity-driven changes in synaptic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornu_ammonis

A longitudinal interventional study". Diabetes Care. 17 (5): 372-5. doi:10.2337/diacare.17.5.372. PMID 8062602. "Jose F Caro, ... in the study of obesity. At Jefferson, Caro organized a multidisciplinary team funded by NIH to study diabetes prevention. With ... Caro went back to school to study fine arts at the Indianapolis Art Center, and the Carteret Community College. Along with this ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Eli Lilly and Company Teams Up with Three Prestigious Institutions to Study the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_F._Caro

"Biography". Wisconsin Scholars Longitudinal Study. Retrieved 25 January 2015. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "AERA ... In an early study of Single Stop, an on-campus program that connects community college students to government services, ... In a study with University of Wisconsin economist Douglas Harris, Goldrick-Rab explored outcomes of low-income students ... Following her The New York Times op-ed, Inside Higher Ed's Matt Reed commended Goldrick-Rab for the study's focus on student ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sara_Goldrick-Rab

Centre for Longitudinal Studies. Sullivan A.; Brown M. (2015). "Vocabulary from adolescence to middle age". Longitudinal and ... ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7. "Reading for pleasure puts children ahead in the classroom". Centre for Longitudinal Studies. Sullivan ... The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) is an international study of reading (comprehension) achievement ... A 2007 study in the USA found that, on average only 37% of class time was spent on active reading instruction or practice, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading

A longitudinal ecological study". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 70 (4): 339-345. doi:10.1136/jech-2015-206209. ... "Decision Making and Mandatory Reconsideration A study by the Social Security Advisory Committee Occasional Paper No. 18" (PDF ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment_and_Support_Allowance

Falbo and her colleagues examined the health status of a large sample middle age adults from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. ... "Wisconsin Longitudinal Study Homepage". www.ssc.wisc.edu. Retrieved 2018-12-04. Faculty page Falbo lab. ... Falbo began studying the development of only children in the 1970s. She was drawn to this topic as an only child and the mother ... The studies included in the meta-analyses were mainly from the U.S. and Canada, yet were diverse with respect to socioeconomic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Falbo

A longitudinal ecological study". Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health. 70 (4): 339-345. doi:10.1136/jech-2015-206209. ... A longitudinal ecological study". Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health. 70 (4): 339-345. doi:10.1136/jech-2015-206209. ... Moreover, studies of long-term Incapacity Benefit recipients carried out by the DWP before the 'roll out' of the Incapacity ... A 2012 study of 28,000 tribunal hearings analysed the reasons for overturning the DWP's decisions: In almost two-thirds of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Employment_Support_Allowance

Developmental studies have shown that compound leaves, like shoots, may branch in three dimensions.[37][38] On the basis of ... In these a high proportion of longitudinal main veins provide additional support.[40] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauline

Piliavin, Jane; Erica Siegl (December 2007). "Health Benefits of Volunteering in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study". Journal of ... Besides the benefits to society, scientific studies have shown that individuals who volunteer enjoy psychological and physical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Volunteer_Week

Results from a National Longitudinal Study". Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 89: 75-86. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2018.04.002. ... The study found that in the first year:[113] *Hospital use increased by 30% for those with insurance, with the length of ... "Oregon Study: Medicaid 'Had No Significant Effect' On Health Outcomes vs. Being Uninsured". Forbes. Retrieved April 18, 2019.. ... A 2018 study in the Journal of Political Economy found that upon its introduction, Medicaid reduced infant and child mortality ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicaid

... with several studies showing complete acne clearance.[112][121][122] In one study, flutamide decreased acne scores by 80% ... Longitudinal erythronychia. *Malalignment of the nail plate. *Median nail dystrophy. *Mees' lines ... Studies investigating the impact of smoking on the incidence and severity of acne have been inconclusive.[2][38][39] Sunlight ... There is no clear evidence to support some of these claims.[1][20] Isotretinoin has been found in some studies to be superior ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris

"Longitudinal studies on chlamydial infections in the first year of life." The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1.6 (1982): ... Time trends in ophthalmia neonatorum and dacryocystitis of the newborn in England, 2000-2011: database study. Sex Transm Infect ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_conjunctivitis

1987). "A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation". J Chronic Dis ... A study involving 2408 donors (18-60 years) indicated that bone pain (primarily back and hips) as a result of filgrastim ... A study that surveyed 2408 donors found that serious adverse events (requiring prolonged hospitalization) occurred in 15 donors ... "One million haemopoietic stem-cell transplants: a retrospective observational study". Lancet Haematol. 2015 Mar 2(3): e91-100. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

66% of Enteroctopus dolfleini in one study had scars, with 50% having amputated arms.[95] The blue rings of the highly venomous ... the arms work as muscular hydrostats and contain longitudinal, transverse and circular muscles around a central axial nerve. ... The reproduction of octopuses has been studied in only a few species. One such species is the giant Pacific octopus, in which ... Two possible extant cephalopod phylogenies, based on genetics studies by Strugnell et al. 2007, are shown in the possible ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopoda

Talk:Anterior longitudinal ligament. *Talk:Anterior medial malleolar artery. *Talk:Anterior pituitary ... Talk:Ancient Egyptian anatomical studies. *Talk:Angular artery. *Talk:Angular gyrus. *Talk:Angular vein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Mid-importance_Anatomy_articles

... a Multicenter Longitudinal Observation Study". Journal of Korean Medical Science. 31 Suppl 1: S24-31. doi:10.3346/jkms.2016.31. ... Fluoroscopy is a term invented by Thomas Edison during his early X-ray studies. The name refers to the fluorescence he saw ... The discipline involving the study of anatomy through the use of radiographic images is known as radiographic anatomy. Medical ... Pediatric Radiology developed and launched the Image Gently campaign which is designed to maintain high quality imaging studies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_imaging

The small Eurasian weed Arabidopsis thaliana is widely used as model organism in the study of the molecular biology of ... and open with longitudinal slits. The pollen grains are tricolpate. The receptacle carries a variable number of nectaries, but ... Although a substantial effort was made through molecular phylogenetic studies, the relationships within the Brassicaceae have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassicaceae

In a massive (n , 197,000) longitudinal study that combined data from 13 independent studies, Kivimäki et al. (2012)[77] found ... In addition to the above studies, a number of other well-controlled longitudinal studies have implicated work stressors in the ... Longitudinal designs[39] including prospective cohort studies and experience sampling studies[40] can examine relationships ... Longitudinal studies have suggested adverse working conditions can contribute to the development of psychological distress.[117 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_psychology

Hadrup SR, Strindhall J, Køllgaard T, Seremet T, Johansson B, Pawelec G, thor Straten P, Wikby A (2006). "Longitudinal studies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosenescence

At least one study demonstrated a high degree of connectivity between the three subregions of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG ... In the study "Semantic Encoding and Retrieval in the Left Inferior Prefrontal Cortex: A Functional magnetic resonance imaging ... This study got data that supported this theory. Furthermore, these researchers saw evidence for parallel semantic processing, ... Cortical activation in the processing of passive sentences in L1 and L2: An Functional magnetic resonance imaging study. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_part_of_inferior_frontal_gyrus

Observation in the field and study of type material by A. Farjon confirm recognition of this taxon as a variety if peduncle ... rough and scaly with large elongated plates and deep longitudinal fissures. First-order branches are long, slender, spreading ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_patula

Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.. Archives of general ... BMJ (Comparative Study). 2008, 337: a494 [2016-01-20]. PMC 2500200. PMID 18617488. doi:10.1136/bmj.a494. （原始内容存档于2009-02-22）.. ... Comparative Study). 2008-02, 5 (2): e29 [2016-01-20]. PMC 2225430. PMID 18254654. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050029. （原始内容存档于 ... results from the health and retirement study. J Women's Health (Larchmt) (Comparative Study). 2004, 13 (1): 85-91. PMID ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/肥胖

The majority of averageness studies have focused on photographic overlay studies of human faces, in which images are morphed ... Longitudinal data on an evolutionary question". Psychological Science. 9: 8-13. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00002. Rubenstein, A.J., ... Many studies, using different averaging techniques, including the use of line drawings and face profiles, have shown that this ... In physical attractiveness studies, averageness describes the physical beauty that results from averaging the facial features ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Averageness

Gold DP, Reis MF, Markiewicz D, Andres D. When Home Caregiving Ends: A Longitudinal Study of Outcomes for Caregivers of ... Heritability of different forms of memory in the Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease Family Study.. J Alzheimers Dis.. 2011;23(2): ... a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095-128. PMID 23245604. doi:10.1016/ ... "Relation between aluminum concentrations in drinking water and Alzheimer's disease: an 8-year follow-up study". American ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchajmerova_bolest

Atta-ur-Rahman (2008). Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 35. Elsevier. p. 905. ISBN 978-0-444-53181-0. .. ... The longitudinal speed of sound in Tellurium dioxide is 4,260 metres per second (14,000 ft/s) at around room temperature.[4] ... Most of the information regarding reaction chemistry has been obtained in studies involving paratellurite, α-TeO2.[3] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tellurium_dioxide

The following study is based on the results from 267 men followed as part of a longitudinal study of aging. (Similar results ... Studies a Meta-Analytic Reliability Generalization Study". Educational and Psychological Measurement. 62 (4): 590-602. doi: ... One study found personality disorders as described by the DSM overall to correlate modestly with I, N, T, and P, although the ... In one study, when people were asked to compare their preferred type to that assigned by the MBTI assessment, only half of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myers-Briggs_Type_Indicator

Reinhard conducted his first study in east Germany, and collected many Phorid flies from this initial study. He also concluded ... Their thorax is gray, with four longitudinal dark lines on the back. The underside of their abdomen is yellow, and their whole ... Reinhard's works and studies were used extensively in further forensic entomology studies. ... Gene expression studies[edit]. Although physical characteristics and sizes at various instars have been used to estimate fly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_entomology

... has been studied as a way to improve the effects of exposure therapy in people with post traumatic stress disorder ( ... "Further characterization of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (putative 5-HT2B) in rat stomach fundus longitudinal muscle" ... Probably as a result of this trend, no reports of human studies on the effects of crude yohimbe bark or its extracts on sexual ... Ecological Studies. 42. Springer Science and Business. Media. pp. 54-57. ISBN 978-3642687860. .. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yohimbine

2007) Evolution of lower respiratory symptoms in New York police officers after 9/11: a prospective longitudinal study. Occup ... and allopurinol have also been effective in reducing pulmonary edema in animal models but require further study. A recent study ... A new study that includes a thousand additional workers shows that the declines have persisted over time. Prior to 9/11, 3% of ... A study of firefighters and EMS workers enrolled in the FDNY WTC Medical Monitoring and Treatment Program, whose lung function ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury

Menezes NM, Arenovich T, Zipursky RB (October 2006). "A systematic review of longitudinal outcome studies of first-episode ... Ustun TB; Rehm J, Chatterji S, Saxena S, Trotter R, Room R, Bickenbach J, and the WHO/NIH Joint Project CAR Study Group (1999 ... A 1972 study, published in the journal Science, concluded that the diagnosis of schizophrenia in the United States was often ... Schizophrenia and smoking have shown a strong association in studies worldwide.[58][59] Use of cigarettes is especially high in ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenic

... (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, "the unborn, embryo"; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of biology that studies the ... The segmented body pattern along the longitudinal axis of the Drosophila embryo is established by a cascade of specific ... the study of invertebrate embryology has advanced the study of vertebrate embryology. However, there are many differences as ... Additionally, embryology encompasses the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth, known as teratology.[1] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryology

Tate, B. (2008). A longitudinal study of the relationships among self-monitoring, authentic leadership, and perceptions of ... Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 15, 16-29. *^ a b c Rego, A., Vitória, A. Magalhães, A., Ribeiro, N., & e ... Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 15, 227-240. *^ Walumbwa, F. O., Wang, P., Wang, H., Schaubroeck, J., & ... a b Eliam, G. & Shamir, B. (2005). Organizational change and self-concept threats: A theoretical perspective and a case study. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentic_leadership

... a meta-analysis on 59 longitudinal/prospective studies with 443 313 participants". Psychological Medicine. 46: 2883-2906. doi: ... In these studies, the participants also reported moderate anxiety. This might indicate that anxiety is a protective mechanism ... "Depression, anxiety, and apathy in Parkinson's disease: insights from neuroimaging studies". Eur J Neurol (Review). 23 (6): ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiety

Longitudinal studies have demonstrated that the effectiveness of early childhood education lies in its ability to promote ... In the 2012 study, Finland ranked sixth in reading, twelfth in mathematics and fifth in science, while back in the 2003 study ... "www.study.eu. Retrieved 2019-05-15.. *^ The PIE News. "International Education News l The PIE News l Finnish universities to ... 11 Study Centres (Finnish: opintokeskus). The most common type of "Free Education" is a kansalaisopisto, sometimes called ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_education_in_Finland

However, two independent studies by Carnegie Mellon University[115] and Google[116] found that the "grade" of a drive does not ... Longitudinal recording (standard) & perpendicular recording diagram. The platters in contemporary HDDs are spun at speeds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive

... a systematic review of longitudinal studies»։ Clinical & developmental immunology 2012: 176484։ PMC 3251799։ PMID 22235226։ doi ... Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators (օգոստոսի 22, 2015)։ «Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, ... Systematic review of epidemiological studies»։ Allergy 65 (2): 152-67։ PMID 19912154։ doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02244.x ... a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.»։ Lancet 388 (10053): 1545-1602։ PMC 5055577 Ստուգեք ,pmc=. ...

https://hy.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Բրոնխային_հեղձուկ

His other late work[citation needed] included the longitudinal dispersion in flow in tubes,[12] movement through porous ... During World War II, Taylor again applied his expertise to military problems such as the propagation of blast waves, studying ... His over-riding interest in the movement of air and water, and by extension his studies of the movement of unicellular marine ... He also produced another major contribution to turbulent flow, where he introduced a new approach through a statistical study ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Ingram_Taylor

Intervention in the British Autism Study of Infant Siblings CONSORT participant flow diagram. *The same family [Colour figure ... Randomised trial of a parent-mediated intervention for infants at high risk for autism: longitudinal outcomes to age 3 years.. ... Randomised trial of a parent‐mediated intervention for infants at high risk for autism: longitudinal outcomes to age 3 years ... Randomised trial of a parent‐mediated intervention for infants at high risk for autism: longitudinal outcomes to age 3 years ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28393350

The design of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, DublinGoogle ... The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) is an ongoing prospective cohort study representative of community living adults ... The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) provides the opportunity to bridge this information gap. ... 3.The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Department of Medical GerontologyTrinity CollegeDublinIreland ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11845-017-1590-3?wt_mc=Internal.Event.1.SEM.ArticleAuthorOnlineFirst

You have been chosen to take part in a follow-up study - the NHANES Longitudinal Study. This study will cover topics such as ... National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Longitudinal Study. ... This study will combine an interview and a health exam in your home. Together, this visit is expected to take about one hour. ... By logging in to the secure study site and registering with us using the button on the top of this page, you can let us know ...

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes-ls/index.htm

By logging in to the secure study site and registering with us using the button on the top of this page, you can let us know ... If you received a letter from us inviting you to take part in the study, you can arrange an appointment online by clicking on ... If you received our letter and are interested in helping us with this study, we would like to arrange an appointment with you ...

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes-ls/registration.htm

Researchers in such fields as developmental psychology use longitudinal studies to study changes in individual or group ... Research method used to study changes over time. ... longitudinal study See LIFE-HISTORY; PANEL STUDY. Cite this ... longitudinal study (long-i-tew-di-năl) n. a systematic study of a group of people over a period of time. See also prospective ... Longitudinal study. Research method used to study changes over time.. Researchers in such fields as developmental psychology ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/divisions-diagnostics-and-procedures/medicine/longitudinal-study

The National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS) consists of a database developed for the purpose of studying the effects of ... The NLMS will continue to incorporate data from the yearly Annual Social and Economic Supplement into the study as the data ... The study currently consists of approximately 3.8 million records with over 550,000 identified mortality cases. ... To provide an analytical research database for the purpose of studying the effect of demographic and socio-economic ...

https://www.census.gov/nlms

... has a system of longitudinal sample surveys for reviewing the school situation during years 3-9 in compulsory education. Until ... Panel of students for longitudinal studies. Upcoming publishing: 2020-12-08 Statistics Sweden (SCB) has a system of ... Panel of students for longitudinal studies, school year 2018/2019 2019-12-10 ... longitudinal sample surveys for reviewing the school situation during years 3-9 in compulsory education. Until now 7 cohorts ...

https://scb.se/en/finding-statistics/statistics-by-subject-area/education-and-research/education-of-the-population/panel-of-students-for-longitudinal-studies/

... maintain or enhance longitudinal population studies (LPS) for the benefit of the wider scientific community. ... Longitudinal Population Study (LPS) grants are for teams of researchers to do one or more of the following:. *create or ... Read our Longitudinal population studies strategy [PDF 166KB] for more information about the criteria well use to assess your ... The Longitudinal Population Studies Committee will review your full application.. We aim to notify you of our decision within ...

https://wellcome.ac.uk/funding/longitudinal-population-study-grants

... including studies by Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow of Johns Hopkins CTY, Miraca Gross of University of New South Wales, and ... Longitudinal Studies. The achievements of these talent-search (TS) participants were compared with those of a cohort of first- ... University of Queensland PhD study... Also see A Longitudinal Study of Early Literacy Development and the Changing Perceptions ... Importance of Assessing Spatial Ability in Intellectually Talented Young Adolescents: A 20-Year Longitudinal Study by Daniel L ...

https://www.hoagiesgifted.org/longitudinal.htm

The class will choose a local stream, river or lake to study. Students will use water testing equipment, evaluate the health of ... Longitudinal Study. Website Address:https://www.curriki.org/oer/Longitudinal-Study-138269 ... The class will choose a local stream, river or lake to study. Students will use water testing equipment, evaluate the health of ... The class will choose a local stream, river or lake to study. Students will use water testing equipment, evaluate the health of ...

https://www.curriki.org/oer/Longitudinal-Study-138269

Center for Economic Studies (CES). You are here: Census.gov › Business & Industry › Center for Economic Studies › Data Products ... Longitudinal Firm Trade Transactions Database (LFTTD) The Longitudinal Firm Trade Transactions Database (LFTTD) links ... Center for Economic Studies , (301) 763-6460 , E-mail CES. , Last Revised: August 20, 2018 ... This allows linkages between the LFTTD and other Census data products such as the Longitudinal Business Database (LBD), the ...

https://www.census.gov/ces/dataproducts/datasets/lfttd.html

... according to a recently released study covering the years 1977 to 1998. ... Published in Print: September 8, 2004, as Longitudinal Study Follows Preschoolers Eating Habits Back to Top ... "Our study shows that preschoolers diets are moving in the right direction," Sibylle Kranz, the studys lead author, said in a ... The study, which surveyed 5,437 children ages 2 to 5, found that, on average, 2- and 3-year-olds had healthier diets than 4- ...

https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2004/09/08/02health-3.h24.html

Many RAND studies are published in peer-reviewed scholarly journals, as chapters in commercial books, or as documents published ... PURPOSE: The authors investigate the longitudinal recovery of quality of life after radical prostatectomy in men with localized ...

https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP20010807.html

These were being assessed in nine departments across two faculties from the first to fourth years using a variety of standardized instruments, including the Collegiate Learning Assessment and the Critical Thinking Assessment Test which measured critical thinking, problem solving and written communication, and the Transferable Learning Orientation survey (goal orientation, learning belief, self-efficacy, transfer and organization), as well as the Association for American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) VALUE rubrics that have been adapted to specific courses and assignments.. The aims of the project were:. ...

https://www.queensu.ca/qloa/longitudinal-study

Common Core of Data (CCD) Secondary Longitudinal Studies Program Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE) National ... BTLS is a five-year, longitudinal study of a national cohort of beginning public school teachers who were initially interviewed ... Due to the longitudinal nature of BTLS, data collected in latter waves were used to adjust previously missing, imputed, or ... Common Education Data Standards (CEDS) National Forum on Education Statistics Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems Grant Program ...

https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/btls/research_issues.asp

Common Core of Data (CCD) Secondary Longitudinal Studies Program Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE) National ... Users Manual for the First Through Third Waves of the 2007-08 Restricted-use Beginning Teacher Longitudinal Study Preliminary ... Users Manual for the First Through Third Waves of the 2007-08 Restricted-use Beginning Teacher Longitudinal Study Preliminary ... Users Manual for the First Through Third Waves of the 2007-08 Restricted-use Beginning Teacher Longitudinal Study Preliminary ...

https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/btls/methods.asp

... there are several longitudinal studies that track the same person, family, or household over time. Because of the challenges ... and costs involved in tracking respondents, these surveys typically involve much smaller samples than cross-sectional studies ... Studies No Longer Being Conducted * Two of the longitudinal studies described in Table 4-3 were not considered appropriate ... Studies Unable to Examine Subpopulations or Regional/State Differences * Two longitudinal studies, the SIPP and the PSID, that ...

https://aspe.hhs.gov/report/characteristics-and-dynamics-homeless-families-children/review-longitudinal-studies

rr020re-rr023rec Home ownership, value of home, amount owed, and home equity. rr024re-rr027rec Other real estate ownership, value of, amount owed, and equity. rr028re-rr031rec Business or farm ownership, value of, amount owed, and equity. rr032re-rr035rec Motor vehicle ownership, value of, amount owed, and equity. rr036re-rr039re Debt not including mortgage, vehicle or previously reported real estate. rr040re-rr041re Value of savings and investments. rr042rec Bracketed value of debts. rr043rec-rr045rec Respondent and spouse net worth and flags indicating number of missing and valid reports of assets included in net worth. Imputed data for a subset of variables in this module are available in "Ancillary Data: Economic Imputations ...

https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/wlsresearch/documentation/waves/?wave=wls92&module=asst

Previous waves of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study did not include an Internet module. Although computer networks similar to ... At the time of the 1992 WLS study, very few households had Internet access, and an Internet module would have been impractical ...

https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/wlsresearch/documentation/waves/?wave=sibspouse2k&module=uinet

Cite this Study , Share this study Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share on LinkedIn ... Detroit Longitudinal Study, 1967 (ICPSR 7312). Published: Feb 16, 1992 View help for published ... DETROIT LONGITUDINAL STUDY, 1967. Conducted by Lafayette Clinic, Detroit. ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium ... Detroit Longitudinal Study, 1967. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], ...

https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/RCMD/studies/7312?geography%255B0%255D=Michigan&keyword%255B0%255D=voter+preferences&classification=RCMD.XII.&archive=RCMD&geography%255B1%255D=Connecticut&paging.startRow=1

A longitudinal study conductet by the German Youth Insitute on questions of the development of physical, social and mental ... www.dji.de/en/about-us/projects/projekte/children-longitudinal-study/additional-questionnaire-turkish-and-russian-population. ... www.dji.de/en/about-us/projects/projekte/children-longitudinal-study.html?no_cache=1&cHash=9dd5cb4cc6535cae73703a1427e67a29 ... The aim of the research study is two-fold: on the one hand, it attempts to describe the complex situation children find ...

https://www.dji.de/en/about-us/projects/projekte/children-longitudinal-study.html?no_cache=1&print=1&cHash=9dd5cb4cc6535cae73703a1427e67a29

METHODS: A total of 6796 children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort were interviewed ... Bullying and Parasomnias: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Dieter Wolke, Suzet Tanya Lereya ... Sign up for Insight Alerts highlighting editor-chosen studies with the greatest impact on clinical care.. Video Abstracts -- ...

https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/134/4/e1040.abstract

In this study we report the findings of a longitudinal study that investigates the annual change in financial risk tolerance ... In this study we report the findings of a longitudinal study that investigates the annual change in financial risk tolerance ... "A longitudinal study of financial risk tolerance," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 794-800. ... Financial risk tolerance; Risk assessment; Financial planning; Longitudinal study; All these keywords. JEL classification:. * ...

https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/joepsy/v33y2012i4p794-800.html

... a longitudinal study of political orientations in three western democracies. Volume 5 of De Gruyter studies on North America. ... Continuities in Political Action: A Longitudinal Study of Political .... M. Kent Jennings,Jan W. van Deth. Limited preview - ... Continuities in Political Action: A Longitudinal Study of Political ..., Part 2. M. Kent Jennings. No preview available - 1990 ... Continuities in Political Action: A Longitudinal Study of Political .... M. Kent Jennings. No preview available - 1989. ...

https://books.google.com/books?id=y2ENAQAAMAAJ&q=societies&dq=related:OCLC53792332&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&hl=en

To enable the Center to continue its longitudinal study of approximately 650 children to determine how they learn to understand ... To enable the Center to continue its longitudinal study of approximately 650 children to determine how they learn to understand ...

https://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/grants/longitudinal-study

The Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) is a long-term study of a random sample of 10,317 men and women who graduated from ... The Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) is a long-term study of a random sample of 10,317 men and women who graduated from ... Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, 1957-2007 (ICPSR 6163) Principal Investigator(s): University of Wisconsin-Madison. Wisconsin ... Study Description. Scope of Study. Subject Terms: careers, education, employment, families, family relationships, health, ...

http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/DSDR/studies/6163?keyword=income&permit%5B0%5D=AVAILABLE&keyword%5B1%5D=employment&paging.startRow=1

The Early School Leavers Longitudinal study tracks a sample of young people who completed left school prior to completing Year ... 12 in 2010, and participated in the 2011 Early School Leavers survey (the first wave of the longitudinal study). ... Early School Leavers Longitudinal Study. The Early School Leavers longitudinal study followed a sample of young people who left ... of the longitudinal study. Statewide main destination data are also available for download in Excel format 253K. ...

http://education.qld.gov.au/nextstep/esllongitudinal/index.html

Longitudinal study. A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated ... "About the Seattle Longitudinal Study". Retrieved 1 December 2016.. *^ "Wisconsin Longitudinal Study Homepage". Retrieved 1 ... Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS)[26]. Panel. Scotland. 1991. The Scottish Longitudinal Study comprises 5.3% sample of the ... Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study (NILS)[27]. Panel. Northern Ireland. 2006. The Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitudinal_study

Metabolomics of aging requires large-scale longitudinal studies with replication. View ORCID ProfileVille-Petteri Mäkinen and ... Metabolomics of aging requires large-scale longitudinal studies with replication Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a ... longitudinal study design, (iii) multiple statistical tests, and (iv) independent biological replication. ... 5) based on their combined cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from a large population cohort; aging studies should ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/113/25/E3470

This study used data from the E-Risk Study, the Add Health Study, the Dunedin Study, the HRS, and the WLS. The E-Risk Study is ... Data were used from five studies: the E-Risk Study, the Add Health Study, the Dunedin Study, the WLS, and the US HRS. ... we conducted replication analyses in two place-based cohort studies, the Dunedin Study and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study ( ... 2004) Survey design and methodology in the health and retirement study and the Wisconsin longitudinal study. Popul Dev Rev 30: ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/115/31/E7275

The National Longitudinal Study on Hearing (NL-SH), also internationally known as the Netherlands Longitudinal Study on Hearing, is an ongoing prospective cohort study implemented via the Internet. (emgo.nl)

The National Institute on Aging's Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) answers critical questions about what happens as people get older. (nih.gov)

Randomised trial of a parent-mediated intervention for infants at high risk for autism: longitudinal outcomes to age 3 years. (nih.gov)
We will also conduct an exemplar study evaluating the association of in utero and early life NO2 exposure and later health outcomes. (bristol.ac.uk)
Teen-LABS is being conducted in parallel with LABS , an NIH study designed to examine similar outcomes in adult patients undergoing bariatric surgical treatment. (nationwidechildrens.org)
The goal of this study is to identify changes in obesity-related health risks in the morbidly obese adolescent population and to compare outcomes to the more traditional adult population undergoing similar surgical intervention. (nationwidechildrens.org)
Initially focused on addressing concerns in the Somali community around youth violence, the study has broadened to adopt a life-course perspective in order to examine experiences of discrimination, risk and resilience factors, and their relationship to health outcomes. (childrenshospital.org)
On the other hand, the researchers from the Harvard Graduate School of Education (HGSE) believe that this study should be of interest to the wider educational field, allowing educators to understand which factors may contribute to developing particular dispositions and behaviors, and how a mission-driven educational culture affects longitudinal student outcomes. (uwc.org)
We use the detailed information in the PELS to study the process of selection into these programs and to examine their impact on a set of mainly schooling-related outcomes during and after high school, although we also consider their impact on non-academic outcomes. (nber.org)
But there are many gaps in our knowledge, and no large prospective study has yet been conducted that has followed participants all the way from childhood-i.e., before the first use of substances-through to adulthood, employing neuroimaging tools to assess the effects of substance exposure on brain development while measuring a broad range of behavioral antecedents and outcomes. (drugabuse.gov)
They allow researchers to compare outcomes according to exposure to suspected risk factors by creating a hypothesis to study. (endvawnow.org)
The strength of a cohort study is that it is the best way to determine the causes of a disease, condition or issue because it allows researchers to follow one group of people over time and allows researchers to study multiple outcomes at one time. (endvawnow.org)

User's Manual for the First Through Third Waves of the 2007-08 Restricted-use Beginning Teacher Longitudinal Study Preliminary Data File (NCES 2012-315). (ed.gov)

You have been chosen to take part in a follow-up study - the NHANES Longitudinal Study. (cdc.gov)

Previous waves of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study did not include an Internet module. (wisc.edu)

The Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA) is the centrepiece research activity of the Flinders Centre for Ageing Studies. (edu.au)
The project, Resilient ageing and the oldest-old in the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing, gathered data on the fastest growing sector of the Australian population. (edu.au)
Researchers have reported on the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing in over 200 publications including reports, book chapters, refereed journal articles, abstracts, conference proceedings and theses. (edu.au)
More recently a manuscript, Cohort Profile: The Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA) was accepted by the International Journal of Epidemiology. (edu.au)

The initial objective of the Hoorn Study was to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and associated risk factors in a study population of approximately 2,500 people. (emgo.nl)
The pooled odds ratio for asthma prevalence from 14 case-control studies was 1.37 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.64) if either parent smoked. (bmj.com)
3 This paper reviews the evidence from longitudinal and case-control studies of wheezing illness concerning the effect of parental smoking on the incidence, prognosis, prevalence, and severity of childhood asthma. (bmj.com)

The search was completed in April 1997 and identified six studies of asthma incidence, seven of prognosis, 22 case-control studies, and 10 case series addressing disease severity. (bmj.com)

2018-02-15 The citation of this study may have changed due to the new version control system that has been implemented. (umich.edu)

The purpose of the Longitudinal Studies SIG is: to support and foster the understanding of longitudinal research designs and analyses in education and the use and dissemination of longitudinal data and substantive findings, including data from national (e.g. (aera.net)
The NLMS will continue to incorporate data from the yearly Annual Social and Economic Supplement into the study as the data become available. (census.gov)
The ONS Longitudinal Study (LS) contains linked census and vital event data for one per cent of the population of England and Wales. (nationalarchives.gov.uk)
Studies that make the fullest use of LS data are those that link social, occupational and demographic information at successive censuses to data on vital events. (nationalarchives.gov.uk)
Users should consult the data owners (via Victoria Longitudinal Study ) directly for details on obtaining these resources. (umich.edu)
Due to the longitudinal nature of BTLS, data collected in latter waves were used to adjust previously missing, imputed, or inaccurate values. (ed.gov)
A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey , or panel study ) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over long periods of time, often many decades (i.e., uses longitudinal data ). (wikipedia.org)
Longitudinal studies can be retrospective (looking back in time, thus using existing data such as medical records or claims database) or prospective (requiring the collection of new data). (wikipedia.org)
Analyses of the longitudinal data identify trends in the experiences and achievements of youth as they aged. (sri.com)
It fosters cross-disciplinary and international endeavours and promotes the creation and exploitation of longitudinal data resources as well as their application to policy issues. (ingentaconnect.com)
In addition to carrying research articles, the Journal specialises in publishing study profiles introducing particular longitudinal studies to scientific and policy users and the designers and managers of other studies It explores new forms of longitudinal data collection, including the exploitation of administrative sources. (ingentaconnect.com)
The resulting report was a follow-up to an initial study done in 2012 and summarizes data and reflections collected via surveys, phone interviews, and curriculum vitae analysis. (krellinst.org)
Method: Working with data from 2148 adults in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing who were free from depression at baseline, the study used logistic regression models to explore associations between frequency of cultural engagement (including going to museums, theatre and cinema) and the risk of developing depression over the following 10 years using a combined index of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and physician-diagnosed depression. (scie.org.uk)
Study record managers: refer to the Data Element Definitions if submitting registration or results information. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This Statistics in Brief report uses data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, focused on the Kindergarten Class of 2010-11, to examine students who participated in English language programs. (air.org)
Data for socioeconomic characteristics was gathered from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 while data related to summer activity participation was collected from interviews with parents or guardians in the fall of 2011. (air.org)
This report highlights data gathered in the spring of 2015, when a majority of the students from the study were in fourth grade, providing a snapshot of information on select child and family characteristics including poverty status, parental education, family type, and primary home language as well as children's knowledge in reading, math, and science. (air.org)
We present a study of one of the few sources of publically available long-term Internet traffic workload data, namely the NLANR PMA archive of packet header traces. (caida.org)
2. Enhancing Environmental data Resources in Cohort Studies: ALSPAC exemplar (ERICA). (bristol.ac.uk)
With the added dimension of repeated observations over time, ALSA provides a richness of data not available in previous Australian studies, and promises to substantially increase our understanding of the quality of life of older South Australians. (edu.au)
The material collected during the ALSA comprises the most comprehensive longitudinal data base yet assembled on ageing Australians and it complements in a unique way those available internationally. (edu.au)
All data generated from ALSPAC samples are returned to the study and become part of the resource available to researchers. (bris.ac.uk)
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. (plos.org)
The EMGO + institute has a number of institute specific resources that strongly facilitate scientific integrity and the quality of all phases of research, including study design, data collection, data analysis and reporting. (emgo.nl)
Data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study ( n = 15,117), containing information from surveys and registers are used. (diva-portal.org)
James W. Conroy, Principal InvestigatorCelia S. Feinstein, Director of Case Studies, Tracking, and Environmental AssessmentPhilip A. Jones, Director of Client-Specific Cost StudyAysha Latib, Coordinator of Family Impact StudyJames A. Lemanowicz, Senior Data AnalystR. (hhs.gov)
This summary is intended to restate the major research questions being addressed in the Pennhurst Longitudinal Study and provide executives, decision-makers, and lay persons, in an extremely abbreviated form some tentative answers based on the analysis of the data collected to date. (hhs.gov)
In five German municipalities school-to-work transitions of school leavers will be studied to provide a data base for this type of transition management. (dji.de)
We hope that the findings of our four-year study will provide valuable data for UWC and that those findings will also prove of use to other schools around the world who share the laudable vision of UWC. (uwc.org)
The Philadelphia Longitudinal Educational Study (PELS) data set that we examine contains an unusually large amount of information on individuals prior to placement in STC programs. (nber.org)
While patients will be treated according to decisions with their treating physician, this study will collect data and samples from patients prospectively to gain a better understanding of the disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
1) mentioned that they did not find "causality:" We are very (pleasantly) surprised and puzzled why the study authors attempted to avoid the obvious conclusion from their data even though the survey data very well confirmed the following: "Among the 44 163 students evaluated at baseline, past 30-day e-cigarette use was strongly associated with smoking status and smoking susceptibility. (cmaj.ca)
The state feedback data were part of the DQC's annual evaluation of how well states are implementing a series of 10 "critical actions" to make their student longitudinal data systems relevant to parents, educators, and policymakers. (edweek.org)
The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS) program provides data about the development of children in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
If you have agreed to participate in the companion caregiver study, the study staff will use your demographic and clinical data to study the influence of your symptoms on your caregiver's physical and mental health. (bioportfolio.com)

Researchers in such fields as developmental psychology use longitudinal studies to study changes in individual or group behavior over an extended period of time by repeatedly monitoring the same subjects. (encyclopedia.com)
A disadvantage of the longitudinal study is that researchers must be engaged in the study over a period of years and risk losing some of their research subjects, who may discontinue their participation for any number of reasons. (encyclopedia.com)
In addition to the longitudinal study, some researchers may employ the cross-sectional study method. (encyclopedia.com)
These grants provide support for researchers who want to establish, maintain or enhance longitudinal population studies (LPS) for the benefit of the wider scientific community. (wellcome.ac.uk)
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, with colleagues at Boston University and elsewhere, will receive almost $19 million over five years to launch the fourth phase of the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA 4). (eurekalert.org)
This means that researchers record information about their subjects without manipulating the study environment. (iwh.on.ca)
The benefit of a cross-sectional study design is that it allows researchers to compare many different variables at the same time. (iwh.on.ca)
However, in a longitudinal study, researchers conduct several observations of the same subjects over a period of time, sometimes lasting many years. (iwh.on.ca)
The benefit of a longitudinal study is that researchers are able to detect developments or changes in the characteristics of the target population at both the group and the individual level. (iwh.on.ca)
That's why researchers might start with a cross-sectional study to first establish whether there are links or associations between certain variables. (iwh.on.ca)
Longitudinal and Life Course Studies (LLCS) is a peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the needs of researchers studying the life course and using longitudinal methods at the interfaces of social, developmental and health sciences. (ingentaconnect.com)
Researchers in a few cross-sectional studies also examined the drug use patterns among adolescents, including poly use of e-cigarettes, marijuana, and other substances. (aappublications.org)
Recent funding from the Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects Scheme has enabled a multidisciplinary team of researchers to study Adelaideans with an average age of 91 years. (edu.au)
Researchers and educators routinely call for longitudinal research on language learning and teaching. (bookdepository.com)
Since the early 2000s, researchers at the Trauma and Community Resilience Center (formerly the Refugee Trauma and Resilience Center) at Boston Children's Hospital have engaged in a collaborative partnership to conduct the Somali Youth Longitudinal Study. (childrenshospital.org)
Although the researchers included those with mild dementia, they did not study people with more severe dementia, who might experience different effects after anesthesia. (alzforum.org)
UWC has therefore partnered with researchers from The Good Project of Project Zero at the Harvard Graduate School of Education to conduct a scientific study which will investigate the impact of a UWC education on the values and attitudes of its graduates. (uwc.org)
In preparation and to investigate the possible remit of such a study, in 2015-16, UWC South East Asia (UWCSEA) led a 1,5 year exploratory impact study conducted by researchers from the Harvard Graduate School of Education and involving UWCSEA, UWC Red Cross Nordic, Waterford Kamhlaba UWC of Southern Africa and UWC-USA. (uwc.org)

In this study we report the findings of a longitudinal study that investigates the annual change in financial risk tolerance scores of individuals over a 5year period and the factors that influence such change. (repec.org)
We are especially eager to showcase findings from parts of the world where longitudinal studies are increasingly being established, such as East Asia, Africa and South America. (ingentaconnect.com)
This report provides final findings of a study conducted with ten participating councils to investigate the benefits of homecare re-ablement. (scie.org.uk)
The previous interim study reflected on initial findings from the intervention sites. (scie.org.uk)
This infographic uses findings from the 2010-11 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study to illustrate a picture of student access to common electronic devices and teachers' training in use of technology in the classroom. (air.org)
Harvard Sloan Fellow on Aging and Work, Sung S. Park, PhD, shares findings of her study published in The Journals of Gerontology on the differences in mental and physical health among non-caregivers, short-term caregivers, and long-term caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic in this New York Times piece. (harvard.edu)
The findings of this study will, on the one hand, enable the UWC movement to improve its educational programme with a view to strengthening the UWC mission. (uwc.org)

The participants' narrow range of age is a key feature of the study. (eurekalert.org)
To date, no study has examined the value of providing study newsletters in educating and motivating participants taking part in longitudinal intervention studies and reducing attrition in studies. (springer.com)
Participants ( n = 133) were invited to complete an 18-item custom-designed survey examining perceptions towards and satisfaction with the newsletter, and provide feedback about what makes an ideal study newsletter. (springer.com)
Study participants were very satisfied with the newsletter and the majority indicated that study newsletters should be a regular practice in all long-term studies and may improve participant retention. (springer.com)
Producing a newsletter is a low-cost method of educating participants in longitudinal studies. (springer.com)
The authors would like to thank the study participants for their enthusiastic support. (springer.com)
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. (springer.com)
All participants will attend an initial study visit, which will include a medical and diet history, physical and neurological examinations, psychological testing, and blood tests. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Participants will then be followed with subsequent study visits, which will last 2-3 hours each. (clinicaltrials.gov)
We work closely with journalists interested in our research and activities and can arrange interviews with our experts and study participants. (bristol.ac.uk)
Teen-LABS study participants may also have the opportunity to take part in the TeenView study. (nationwidechildrens.org)
A qualitative study was also carried out during 2014 where a sub sample (20) of ALSA participants undertook in-depth interviews of life story narratives to explore how life course experiences may contribute to successful ageing. (edu.au)
Longitudinal studies do not require large numbers of participants (as in the examples below). (wikipedia.org)
Qualitative longitudinal studies may include only a handful of participants, and longitudinal pilot or feasibility studies often have fewer than 100 participants. (wikipedia.org)
Some study participants and their parents have given samples for the production of lymphoblastoid cell lines. (bris.ac.uk)
A summary draft report of the results was circulated to the study participants for comment in September 2019. (edu.au)

If you have questions about your rights as a participant in this study, please call the Research Ethics Review Board at the National Center for Health Statistics, toll free, at 1-800-223-8118. (cdc.gov)
Research method used to study changes over time. (encyclopedia.com)
In longitudinal research, results are recorded for the same group of subjects, referred to as a cohort, throughout the course of the study. (encyclopedia.com)
To provide an analytical research database for the purpose of studying the effect of demographic and socio-economic differentials on U.S. mortality rates. (census.gov)
Since then it has been used to address a wide range of research questions including studies of social mobility, ageing and migration. (nationalarchives.gov.uk)
We have examined the validity of SMPY's identification and educational facilitation procedures by means of longitudinal research. (hoagiesgifted.org)
Funded by the National Institute on Aging, the grant will support ongoing research, including large-scale behavioral genetics studies, of cognition, aging and the risk for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). (eurekalert.org)
The aim of the research study is two-fold: on the one hand, it attempts to describe the complex situation children find themselves in by means of a social report about children. (dji.de)
Study design depends greatly on the nature of the research question. (iwh.on.ca)
Each newsletter required 31 h of study personnel time (mostly research student) to produce. (springer.com)
We would also like to thank the Canadian Cancer Society, the Canadian Institutes for Health Research, and Prostate Cancer Canada for providing funding for this study, as well as the larger studies. (springer.com)
The larger studies, the newsletters, and the survey were all approved by the institutional research ethics board prior to study commencement. (springer.com)
Longitudinal research involves the follow up of individuals, households, communities or other groups over time. (ingentaconnect.com)
The Editors seek to ensure that all research reporting is accessible to the journal's multi-disciplinary readership and encourage comparisons and collaborations between countries and studies. (ingentaconnect.com)
At the request of program sponsors, the Krell Institute contracted with Westat, an employee-owned research corporation based in Rockville, Maryland, to conduct a study of the more than 400 DOE CSGF fellows and alumni. (krellinst.org)
There is growing recognition of the powerful role that longitudinal research can play in building evidence for policy and programme development, and there is considerable interest in establishing new longitudinal studies in developing countries. (unicef-irc.org)
Symposium attendees addressed a set of thematic, methodological and governance related issues on longitudinal research. (unicef-irc.org)
The Symposium seeks to provide an opportunity to reflect on challenges and opportunities of longitudinal research in low income settings, identifying lessons and best practices for future studies. (unicef-irc.org)
This study will be conducted as part of the NIH-supported Childhood Liver Disease Research and Education Network (ChiLDREN). (clinicaltrials.gov)
A longitudinal study is a correlational research study that involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time - often many decades. (primidi.com)
Nationwide Children's Hospital is one of only five institutions nationally to join a multi-institution clinical research study to understand the benefits and risks of bariatric surgery in adolescents. (nationwidechildrens.org)
The Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) research study is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). (nationwidechildrens.org)
Adolescents participating in this clinical research study will visit the Clinical Research Services research facility at Nationwide Children's four times over a span of two years to complete questionnaires, provide blood and urine samples and to have body measurements recorded. (nationwidechildrens.org)
The present volume explores the connection between longitudinal study and advanced language capacities, two under-researched areas, and proposes an agenda for future research. (bookdepository.com)
In addition, the co-editors offer a detailed introduction to the volume and a coda chapter in which they explore what it would take to design systematic research programs for the longitudinal investigation of advanced L2 capacities. (bookdepository.com)
The scholars in this volume collectively make the argument that second language acquisition research will be the richer, theoretically and empirically, if a trajectory toward advancedness is part of its conceptualization right from the beginning and, in reverse, that advancedness is a particularly interesting acquisitional level at which to probe contemporary theories associated with the longitudinal study of language development. (bookdepository.com)
and in consumer research and political polling to study consumer trends. (wikipedia.org)
The study is being undertaken by a global research team led by University of Technology Sydney. (edu.au)
The achievements of this study can in large part be credited to his conscientious management and commitment to the integrity of the research objectives. (hhs.gov)
This document is the work of both parts of the Pennhurst Longitudinal Study team, Temple University and Human Services Research Institute, and was developed at the request of the Office of Human Development Services in the Region III Office of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (hhs.gov)
Under the assumption that UWC develops particular characteristics in its community members (represented by students and alumni) that will lead them to have a positive impact on society, the central research question of the exploratory study was: "What characteristics related to ethical standards does UWC develop in its students and how does this manifest in their daily lives, as current students or later as alumni? (uwc.org)
We, the directors of NIDA, NIAAA, NCI's Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, and NICHD, are now calling on the research community to help us design a large longitudinal study that would accomplish this objective. (drugabuse.gov)
this will be followed this summer by a formal request for information (RFI) to get input from the research community on proposed study design and measures. (drugabuse.gov)
The information collected by these calls is only being used for this research study. (bioportfolio.com)
To address some of the potential issues of using a longitudinal design in a conflict-affected setting, the research team from John Hopkins and their NGO partners (Comitato Internazionale per lo Sviluppo dei Popoli - CISP) had to carefully consider the study design. (endvawnow.org)

The Early School Leavers longitudinal study followed a sample of young people who left Queensland schools in Years 10, 11 or before completing Year 12 during 2010 and participated in the 2011 Early School Leavers survey. (qld.gov.au)

The Early Childhood Longitudinal Studies (ECLS) program offers the first nationally representative study of early childhood development and education in the United States. (air.org)
and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011) . (air.org)

Another disadvantage of the longitudinal study reflects the fact that some of the changes or behaviors observed during the study may be the effects of the assessment process itself. (encyclopedia.com)
2013-2014) from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study were followed-up in 1 year (wave 2, 2014-2015). (aappublications.org)
These results indicate that the assessment of MM might be useful for studying the process of motor recovery in patients with stroke. (hindawi.com)
At Baseline, a comprehensive personal interview and assessment of neuropsychological and physiological functions was undertaken at each person's home, supplemented by self-completed questionnaires, biochemistry, and additional clinical studies of physical function. (edu.au)
Prospective assessment of the longitudinal course of neurasthenia revealed that approximately 50% of the cases continued to exhibit this disorder at follow-up. (prohealth.com)

At the time of the 1992 WLS study, very few households had Internet access, and an Internet module would have been impractical at that time. (wisc.edu)
DESIGN: This prospective study, based on a random sample of the total female population of 430,000 in Gothenburg, Sweden, was started in 1968, with follow-ups in 1974, 1980, and 1992. (gu.se)

In addition to the cross-sectional surveys, there are several longitudinal studies that track the same person, family, or household over time. (hhs.gov)
Table 6-3 presents a summary of the eight longitudinal surveys that were identified and reviewed for this effort according to the same features used to review the cross-sectional surveys. (hhs.gov)
9 As with the cross-sectional surveys, the longitudinal surveys were initially examined according to four key selection criteria to identify surveys that offer the best opportunity to be enhanced to inform efforts to develop a typology of homeless families. (hhs.gov)
BACKGROUND The relation of parental smoking to wheezing and asthma occurring after the first year of life was assessed by a systematic quantitative review of case-control and longitudinal studies, complementing earlier reviews of cross sectional surveys and wheezing in early childhood. (bmj.com)

This observational study is funded through 2019. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The study is tracking a cohort of fifty-five Australian volunteers who entered the AVP in 2019. (edu.au)

A total of 6796 children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort were interviewed at elementary school age (8 and 10 years) about bullying experiences with a previously validated bullying interview and at secondary school age (12.9 years) about parasomnias such as nightmares, night terrors and sleepwalking by trained postgraduate psychologists. (aappublications.org)

Based on the expected size of the Annual Social and Economic Supplements to be conducted, the expected number of deaths to be added to the NLMS through the updating process will increase the mortality content of the study to over 550,000 cases out of a total number of approximately 3.8 million records. (census.gov)
The subject fully understood the purpose and content of this study and gave written informed consent. (hindawi.com)
Troubled Waters: A Six-Month Longitudinal Study of the Spanish Fork River System main content. (amnh.org)

The main purpose of the study was to create a context and background for a more long-term, in-depth study, and to determine exactly which aspects of impact such a study should focus on. (uwc.org)

This study explores the exegetical meanings, or meanings derived from local interpretation, that a megaproject can encapsulate and how those meanings shape the megaproject's process. (pmi.org)
The article explores the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective deprivation in early adolescence on the one hand, and criminal offending in adolescence and early adulthood on the other. (diva-portal.org)

The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) provides the opportunity to bridge this information gap. (springer.com)
The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) is an ongoing prospective cohort study representative of community living adults in Ireland aged 50 years and older. (springer.com)
Emphasis is given in the overall study to defining and exploring the concept of healthy, active ageing, particularly in a South Australian context. (edu.au)
The breadth and scope of ALSA are unusual, even by comparison with longitudinal studies of ageing conducted in other countries. (edu.au)

Longitudinal Cohort Study of Prenatal Exposure to Mercury in. (lww.com)
Neurotoxicity from prenatal exposure to methylmercury has been studied but no firm conclusions have been reached on the dose-response relationship, especially at levels of exposure less than 10 ppm. (lww.com)

Longitudinal studies offer many of the same potential advantages as cross-sectional studies, and they have the added potential benefit of tracking people over time and thus may provide an opportunity to examine entries into, and exits out of, homelessness (depending on their tracking methods). (hhs.gov)
METHODS: We studied 3961 randomly selected public school students and 1 parent per student in 3 US metropolitan areas in fifth and again in tenth grades. (rand.org)

Hammond and colleagues recent Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ) longitudinal cohort study is a valuable contribution to electronic cigarette related public health problems for adolescents (1). (cmaj.ca)

Types of longitudinal studies include cohort studies , which sample a cohort (a group of people who share a defining characteristic, typically who experienced a common event in a selected period, such as birth or graduation) and perform cross-section observations at intervals through time (not all longitudinal studies are cohort studies, as it can be a group of people who do not share a common event). (wikipedia.org)
Cohort studies sample a cohort, defined as a group experiencing some event (typically birth) in a selected time period, and studying them at intervals through time. (primidi.com)
citation needed] Cohort studies are one type of longitudinal study which sample a cohort (a group of people who share a defining characteristic, typically who experienced a common event in a selected period, such as birth or graduation) and perform cross-section observations at intervals through time. (wikipedia.org)

Comparisons at a single time point should be interpreted with extreme caution, because even large-scale, cross-sectional studies may be severely confounded by lifestyle, socioeconomic factors, baseline health status, and treatment effects ( 4 ). (pnas.org)
Authors of most longitudinal studies that examined cigarette smoking before marijuana use generally supported the association between baseline cigarette use and progression to use of other addictive substances (eg, marijuana). (aappublications.org)
For instance, at Baseline, ALSA included both spouses of 565 married couples, who have been followed over the course of the study. (edu.au)
Herein we report longitudinal follow-up and baseline examination of 53 young male Ethiopians who resided in a relatively controlled environment (agricultural boarding schools) for 2 years after immigration. (biomedsearch.com)

In a growing body of longitudinal studies, it has been shown that youth who use e-cigarettes have higher odds of smoking cigarettes later, 5 - 9 suggesting that e-cigarettes might increase the risk of future cigarette use among adolescents. (aappublications.org)
The Teen-LABS study will enroll 200 adolescents from five clinical centers across the United States. (nationwidechildrens.org)
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 longitudinal studies found consistent and strong evidence that electronic cigarette use is associated with increased odds of subsequent cigarette smoking initiation and current cigarette smoking among adolescents. (cmaj.ca)

Five chapters probe theoretical and methodological reflections about the longitudinal study of advanced L2 capacities, followed by eight chapters that report on empirical longitudinal investigations spanning descriptive, quasi-experimental, qualitative, and quantitative longitudinal methodologies. (bookdepository.com)
This study is adding to the quantitative information available to them. (hhs.gov)

The magnitude, chronicity, impairment, longitudinal stability and distinction from anxiety and depression associated with this condition in the general population, suggest that neurasthenia is an important diagnostic entity for which additional validation studies should be undertaken. (prohealth.com)

This study aims to describe the distribution of serum cholesterol in a community living population of older adults in Ireland and to examine the awareness, treatment and control of hypercholesterolaemia according to CVD risk status. (springer.com)
Despite a substantial reduction in population mean TC from a high of 6.0 mmol/L in the 1980s to 5.1 mmol/L, this study reports a failure to control hypercholesterolaemia to recommended risk-stratified targets in the Irish adult population. (springer.com)
The aim of this study is to document the distribution of serum cholesterol in a community living population of older adults aged 50-79 years in Ireland and apply clinical guideline targets [ 9 ] to examine the awareness, treatment and control of hypercholesterolaemia in a subgroup aged 50-64 years according to their absolute risk of CVD. (springer.com)
The defining feature of a cross-sectional study is that it can compare different population groups at a single point in time. (iwh.on.ca)
This age-specific pattern of onset is similar to that found in other population studies of wheeze in adults. (bmj.com)
The study team examined perceptions and satisfaction towards study newsletters, and their potential benefits, in a population of older men with prostate cancer participating in two ongoing longitudinal trials. (springer.com)
As part of the Longitudinal Population Study of 70-year-olds in Göteborg, Sweden, we analysed the relation between blood pressure and the development of dementia in the age intervals 70-75, 75-79, and 79-85 years in those non-demented at age 70 (n = 382). (nih.gov)
ERICA aims to establish generalisable mechanisms for linking natural environment records into longitudinal population databanks established by cohort studies. (bristol.ac.uk)

longitudinal study (long-i- tew -di-năl) n. a systematic study of a group of people over a period of time. (encyclopedia.com)

See also prospective study , retrospective study . (encyclopedia.com)
A retrospective study is a longitudinal study that looks back in time. (primidi.com)

The good news is, with the combined resources and ingenuity of multiple NIH institutes and other partners, we now have the capability to conduct such a study-one that would help us more confidently establish the effects of occasional or regular use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs on the brains and lives of young Americans. (drugabuse.gov)

The report 'Homecare Re-ablement Prospective Longitudinal Study Final Report' (Dec 2010) commissioned by the Department of Health's Care Services Efficiency Delivery programme (CSED) has provided further insight and understanding about the nature and beneficial impacts of homecare re-ablement. (scie.org.uk)
This report is dedicated to the memory of Dr. William Datel -- a scholar and humanitarian who made significant contributions to the Longitudinal Study and to services for mentally disabled persons. (hhs.gov)
The recommended citation for this publication is: Bradley, V.J., & Conroy, J.W. Third year comprehensive report of the Pennhurst Longitudina Study . (hhs.gov)
Such a report is necessary because the documents generated by the Pennhurst Study now extend into the thousands of pages. (hhs.gov)
You are encouraged to report your symptoms to your treating physicians during the study, especially if you have any symptom that you rate greater than 7 on the 0 to 10 scale. (bioportfolio.com)

Sign up for Insight Alerts highlighting editor-chosen studies with the greatest impact on clinical care. (aappublications.org)
Know the risks and potential benefits of clinical studies and talk to your health care provider before participating. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In addition, this study will identify the biochemical changes that may predict future metabolic imbalances so that they may be corrected before clinical symptoms develop. (clinicaltrials.gov)

A two-site, two-arm assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a 12-session parent-mediated social communication intervention delivered between 9 and 14 months of age (Intervention in the British Autism Study of Infant Siblings-Video Interaction for Promoting Positive Parenting), against no intervention. (nih.gov)
Two study newsletters issues were mailed out 4 months apart to prostate cancer patients participating in a bone health and/or exercise intervention trial. (springer.com)
A longitudinal design was used to study the effectiveness of an intervention, the Communities Care program (CCP), in changing harmful social norms associated with GBV in a community in Mogadishu, Somalia. (endvawnow.org)

This study will cover topics such as heart disease, diabetes, and other health conditions, and will help us understand how our health changes over time. (cdc.gov)
If you received our letter and are interested in helping us with this study, we would like to arrange an appointment with you at a time that is most convenient for you. (cdc.gov)
The longitudinal study allows the researcher to focus on these children as they mature and record developmental patterns across time. (encyclopedia.com)
In this method, the subjects, or cohort, are drawn from different groups and are studied at the same point in time. (encyclopedia.com)
Longitudinal studies deal with change over time among individuals or groups. (nationalarchives.gov.uk)
However, because of the repeated observation at the individual level, they have more power than cross-sectional observational studies, by virtue of being able to exclude time-invariant unobserved individual differences and also of observing the temporal order of events. (wikipedia.org)
[3] Some of the disadvantages of longitudinal study are that they take a lot of time and are very expensive. (wikipedia.org)
The key here is that longitudinal studies extend beyond a single moment in time. (iwh.on.ca)
The longitudinal study design would account for cholesterol levels at the onset of a walking regime and as the walking behaviour continued over time. (iwh.on.ca)
Despite the existence of numerous cross-sectional studies, there are no published longitudinal studies that have examined changes within subjects over time, or how these changes might be influenced by factors such as sex, ethnicity, and body fat, and no study has attempted to separate the effects of puberty on S I from the effects of aging per se. (diabetesjournals.org)
At the time of the study, the subject exhibited a normal level of consciousness, and good communication was maintained. (hindawi.com)
Some of the disadvantages of longitudinal study include the fact that it takes a lot of time and is very expensive. (primidi.com)
To be considered for the Teen-LABS study, an adolescent must be 19 years of age or younger at the time of study enrollment, have a Body Mass Index of 95% or greater, and have been approved to have bariatric surgery at Nationwide Children's Hospital. (nationwidechildrens.org)
failed verification] Some of the disadvantages of longitudinal study are that they are time-consuming and expensive. (wikipedia.org)
Cross-sectional study Time series Repeated measures design Shadish, William R. (wikipedia.org)
As a group, scans of SDAT subjects showed greater atrophy than those of control subjects in all volumetric indexes at each time of testing and demonstrated greater progression of atrophy during the study period. (biomedsearch.com)
Longitudinal and cohort studies follow the same group of individuals over time. (endvawnow.org)
Given the inherent time frame required of this approach, it can be very challenging to employ such a study in conflict and post-conflict settings where conditions can change rapidly. (endvawnow.org)
Case-control studies are relatively simple and economical to carry out, but the one weakness is that only one outcome may be studied at a time. (endvawnow.org)

This is a cross-sectional study in a nationally representative sample of adults aged 50-79 years ( n = 5287). (springer.com)
This study reports a mean total cholesterol (TC) of 5.1 mmol/L (95% CI 5.0-5.1 mmol/L) and a mean LDL-C of 2.9 mmol/L (95% CI 2.8-2.9 mmol/L) in those aged 50-79 years. (springer.com)
During the 30 years of the study, around 1 million people have been recorded in the sample at some point. (nationalarchives.gov.uk)
Statistics Sweden (SCB) has a system of longitudinal sample surveys for reviewing the school situation during years 3-9 in compulsory education. (scb.se)
Preschoolers are eating more grains, fruits, and vegetables, but youngsters are still consuming too much sugar and juice, according to a recently released study covering the years 1977 to 1998. (edweek.org)
Reports exploring the pathways taken by this group of young people in the years since leaving school are available for each survey year (or wave) of the longitudinal study. (qld.gov.au)
Thanks to the responsiveness of current and past fellowship recipients, the study provides a comprehensive look at the satisfaction and impact of those the program supported over its first 25 years. (krellinst.org)
The subject was a 74-year-old, right-handed woman who had hemiplegia due to a stroke that had occurred nine years before the neurological assessments in this study were conducted. (hindawi.com)
The general purpose of the ALSA study is to gain further understanding of how social, biomedical and environmental factors are associated with age related changes in health and well-being of persons aged 70 years and over. (edu.au)
provides a descriptive overview of the first 15 years of the study and its policy implications. (edu.au)
In 1974, a longitudinal study was planned to monitor over a period of four years the growth, health, and lifestyle of boys and girls entering secondary school. (emgo.nl)
LASA (Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam) is an interdisciplinary, longitudinal study on daily functioning and well-being of older persons (55+) and covers a period of over sixteen years as of 2009. (emgo.nl)
Two studies of Smith students views on speech rights fifteen years apart show significant movement. (ssrn.com)
Studies of wheezing illness in the first two years of life 1 and cross sectional studies of asthma and wheeze 3 have been reviewed earlier in this series. (bmj.com)

The study, which surveyed 5,437 children ages 2 to 5, found that, on average, 2- and 3-year-olds had healthier diets than 4- and 5-year-olds. (edweek.org)
To enable the Center to continue its longitudinal study of approximately 650 children to determine how they learn to understand what they read, and how they learn science concepts, in particular. (atlanticphilanthropies.org)
This study would eventually follow these children through high school. (atlanticphilanthropies.org)
We studied the onset of wheezing in adults who had had no respiratory symptoms as children. (bmj.com)
The purpose of this study is to assess whether outdoor activities are effective in preventing the development and progression of juvenile-onset myopia in Chinese children. (clinicaltrials.gov)
and cystic fibrosis liver disease, which is studied by a new branch of ChiLDREN known as the Cystic Fibrosis Liver Disease (CFLD) Network. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Biological samples including blood, urine, hair, nails, saliva and placenta have been collected from study children and their parents since early pregnancy. (bris.ac.uk)
This study has enrolled a total of 1700 pregnant women and their children in Slovenia, Croatia, Italy and Greece to assess the impact of mercury exposure through fish consumption during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment. (lww.com)
Four studies suggest that parental smoking is more strongly associated with wheezing among non-atopic children. (bmj.com)

PURPOSE: The authors investigate the longitudinal recovery of quality of life after radical prostatectomy in men with localized prostate cancer. (rand.org)
Individuals were followed as part of a longitudinal study to investigate in details the long-term outcome of Chikungunya. (plos.org)
We have conducted a prospective longitudinal study to investigate in details long-term outcome of CHIKV infection. (plos.org)

Longitudinal studies are often used in psychology, to study developmental trends across the life span, and in sociology , to study life events throughout lifetimes or generations. (wikipedia.org)

A longitudinal study of trends in. (mendeley.com)

The National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS) consists of a database developed for the purpose of studying the effects of demographic and socio-economic characteristics on differentials in U.S. mortality rates. (census.gov)
The reason for this is that unlike cross-sectional studies , in which different individuals with the same characteristics are compared, [2] longitudinal studies track the same people and so the differences observed in those people are less likely to be the result of cultural differences across generations. (wikipedia.org)
In our study, we would simply measure the cholesterol levels of daily walkers and non-walkers along with any other characteristics that might be of interest to us. (iwh.on.ca)

Examples include studies of mortality, cancer incidence and survival, and fertility patterns. (nationalarchives.gov.uk)

We have evidence (from both animal and human studies) that exposure to marijuana, alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs can affect the adolescent brain, possibly in a lasting way. (drugabuse.gov)

The study currently consists of approximately 3.8 million records with over 550,000 identified mortality cases. (census.gov)

The European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (‎ELSPAC)‎ was initiated by the Regional Office in 1985 to improve epidemiological knowledge of factors influencing children's health in European countries. (who.int)

This study examines the concept of neurasthenia in a longitudinal cohort of young adults selected from a community sample of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. (prohealth.com)

We also accept applications for pilot studies to determine the feasibility of setting up a new LPS. (wellcome.ac.uk)

This study seeks to determine the biologic causes of inflammation in patients with Transverse Myelitis (TM) Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) and related conditions. (clinicaltrials.gov)
A total of up to 224 patients will take part in this multicenter study. (bioportfolio.com)
In this paper we have included longitudinal and case-control studies of asthma or wheeze occurring after infancy and case series of asthmatic patients among whom parental smoking was related to disease severity. (bmj.com)

BTLS is a five-year, longitudinal study of a national cohort of beginning public school teachers who were initially interviewed as part of the 2007 08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). (ed.gov)

i ) metabolic heterogeneity of individuals, ( ii ) cross-sectional vs. longitudinal study design, ( iii ) multiple statistical tests, and ( iv ) independent biological replication. (pnas.org)
The NIA reports, "BLSA's longitudinal design supports the pursuit of links between aging and disease. (biospace.com)
We also intend to present a revised design for the study, based on input from the RFI, at a satellite symposium at the annual Society for Neuroscience meeting in November, in Washington DC. (drugabuse.gov)

Anatomy3

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment61

Psychiatry and Psychology89

Phenomena and Processes38

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena32

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Humanities1

Information Science11

Named Groups18

Health Care75

Geographicals22

Effect of growth hormone treatment on adult height of children with idiopathic short stature. Genentech Collaborative Group. (1/19822)

Incidence and occupational pattern of leukaemias, lymphomas, and testicular tumours in western Ireland over an 11 year period. (2/19822)

Do housing tenure and car access predict health because they are simply markers of income or self esteem? A Scottish study. (3/19822)

Carotenoid intakes, assessed by dietary questionnaire, are associated with plasma carotenoid concentrations in an elderly population. (4/19822)

Obstructive uropathy and hydronephrosis in male KK-Ay mice: a report of cases. (5/19822)

Measurement of striatal D2 dopamine receptor density and affinity with [11C]-raclopride in vivo: a test-retest analysis. (6/19822)

New-onset sustained ventricular tachycardia after cardiac surgery. (7/19822)

Septicemia in dialysis patients: incidence, risk factors, and prognosis. (8/19822)

Longitudinal Studies

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

Prospective Studies

Aging

Risk Factors

Cohort Studies

Follow-Up Studies

Questionnaires

Baltimore

Age Factors

Cross-Sectional Studies

Sex Factors

Time Factors

Child Development

Linear Models

Socioeconomic Factors

Body Mass Index

Health Status

Prevalence

Cognition Disorders

Depression

Pregnancy

Adolescent Behavior

Regression Analysis

Disease Progression

Parent-Child Relations

Neuropsychological Tests

United States

Cognition

Infant, Newborn

Logistic Models

Smoking

Incidence

Mothers

Stress, Psychological

Educational Status

Parenting

Interpersonal Relations

Social Environment

Severity of Illness Index

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales

Patient Dropouts

Parents

Child Behavior

Alcohol Drinking

Reproducibility of Results

Child of Impaired Parents

Puberty

England

Adolescent Psychology

Multivariate Analysis

Juvenile Delinquency

Social Class

Peer Group

Adaptation, Psychological

Body Height

Adolescent Development

Analysis of Variance

Temperament

Predictive Value of Tests

Activities of Daily Living

Mother-Child Relations

Anthropometry

Social Support

Obesity

Health Surveys

Biological Markers

Internal-External Control

Depressive Disorder

Great Britain

Dementia

Models, Statistical

Body Weight

Social Adjustment

Personality Development

Employment

Quality of Life

Reference Values

Australia