Long qt syndrome. Medical search

A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.

A voltage-gated potassium channel that is expressed primarily in the HEART.

A family of voltage-gated potassium channels that are characterized by long N-terminal and C-terminal intracellular tails. They are named from the Drosophila protein whose mutation causes abnormal leg shaking under ether anesthesia. Their activation kinetics are dependent on extracellular MAGNESIUM and PROTON concentration.

A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and 250 beats per minute, and QRS complexes with changing amplitude and twisting of the points. The term also describes the syndrome of tachycardia with prolonged ventricular repolarization, long QT intervals exceeding 500 milliseconds or BRADYCARDIA. Torsades de pointes may be self-limited or may progress to VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION.

Potassium channel whose permeability to ions is extremely sensitive to the transmembrane potential difference. The opening of these channels is induced by the membrane depolarization of the ACTION POTENTIAL.

A family of delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channels that share homology with their founding member, KCNQ1 PROTEIN. KCNQ potassium channels have been implicated in a variety of diseases including LONG QT SYNDROME; DEAFNESS; and EPILEPSY.

A voltage-gated sodium channel subtype that mediates the sodium ion PERMEABILITY of CARDIOMYOCYTES. Defects in the SCN5A gene, which codes for the alpha subunit of this sodium channel, are associated with a variety of CARDIAC DISEASES that result from loss of sodium channel function.

A form of long QT syndrome that is without congenital deafness. It is caused by mutation of the KCNQ1 gene which encodes a protein in the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL.

A characteristic symptom complex.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.

A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)

Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.

Ion channels that specifically allow the passage of SODIUM ions. A variety of specific sodium channel subtypes are involved in serving specialized functions such as neuronal signaling, CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, and KIDNEY function.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A form of long QT syndrome that is associated with congenital deafness. It is characterized by abnormal cardioelectrophysiology involving the VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL. It results from mutation of KCNQ1 gene (Subtype 1 or JLN1) or the KCNE1 gene (Subtype 2 or JLN2).

Cell membrane glycoproteins that are selectively permeable to potassium ions. At least eight major groups of K channels exist and they are made up of dozens of different subunits.

Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of positively charged molecules (cations) across a biological membrane.

An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.

A variety of neuromuscular conditions resulting from MUTATIONS in ION CHANNELS manifesting as episodes of EPILEPSY; HEADACHE DISORDERS; and DYSKINESIAS.

An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment in leads V1-V3 on the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM resembling a right BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK; high risk of VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; or VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; SYNCOPAL EPISODE; and possible sudden death. This syndrome is linked to mutations of gene encoding the cardiac SODIUM CHANNEL alpha subunit.

A mutation in which a codon is mutated to one directing the incorporation of a different amino acid. This substitution may result in an inactive or unstable product. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, King & Stansfield, 5th ed)

Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.

A substituted benzamide used for its prokinetic properties. It is used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and other disorders associated with impaired gastrointestinal motility. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)

Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.

The removal or interruption of some part of the sympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or research purposes.

Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.

Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.

Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.

The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.

A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.

A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by the webbing between adjacent fingers or toes. Syndactylies are classified as complete or incomplete by the degree of joining. Syndactylies can also be simple or complex. Simple syndactyly indicates joining of only skin or soft tissue; complex syndactyly marks joining of bony elements.

Detection of a MUTATION; GENOTYPE; KARYOTYPE; or specific ALLELES associated with genetic traits, heritable diseases, or predisposition to a disease, or that may lead to the disease in descendants. It includes prenatal genetic testing.

A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.

An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.

An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

Compounds based on N-phenylacetamide, that are similar in structure to 2-PHENYLACETAMIDES. They are precursors of many other compounds. They were formerly used as ANALGESICS and ANTIPYRETICS, but often caused lethal METHEMOGLOBINEMIA.

The opening and closing of ion channels due to a stimulus. The stimulus can be a change in membrane potential (voltage-gated), drugs or chemical transmitters (ligand-gated), or a mechanical deformation. Gating is thought to involve conformational changes of the ion channel which alters selective permeability.

Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked impulse conduction.

Method in which prolonged electrocardiographic recordings are made on a portable tape recorder (Holter-type system) or solid-state device ("real-time" system), while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It is useful in the diagnosis and management of intermittent cardiac arrhythmias and transient myocardial ischemia.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.

A class of drugs that act by inhibition of potassium efflux through cell membranes. Blockade of potassium channels prolongs the duration of ACTION POTENTIALS. They are used as ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)

A class of drugs that act by inhibition of sodium influx through cell membranes. Blockade of sodium channels slows the rate and amplitude of initial rapid depolarization, reduces cell excitability, and reduces conduction velocity.

A cluster of metabolic risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome X include excess ABDOMINAL FAT; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. (from AHA/NHLBI/ADA Conference Proceedings, Circulation 2004; 109:551-556)

A long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist.

The abrupt cessation of all vital bodily functions, manifested by the permanent loss of total cerebral, respiratory, and cardiovascular functions.

A cell line generated from human embryonic kidney cells that were transformed with human adenovirus type 5.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

A group of slow opening and closing voltage-gated potassium channels. Because of their delayed activation kinetics they play an important role in controlling ACTION POTENTIAL duration.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.

A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.

A derivative of the NIACINAMIDE that is structurally combined with an organic nitrate. It is a potassium-channel opener that causes vasodilatation of arterioles and large coronary arteries. Its nitrate-like properties produce venous vasodilation through stimulation of guanylate cyclase.

An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.

An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Venoms from jellyfish; CORALS; SEA ANEMONES; etc. They contain hemo-, cardio-, dermo- , and neuro-toxic substances and probably ENZYMES. They include palytoxin, sarcophine, and anthopleurine.

The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members.

A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.

Variation in a population's DNA sequence that is detected by determining alterations in the conformation of denatured DNA fragments. Denatured DNA fragments are allowed to renature under conditions that prevent the formation of double-stranded DNA and allow secondary structure to form in single stranded fragments. These fragments are then run through polyacrylamide gels to detect variations in the secondary structure that is manifested as an alteration in migration through the gels.

A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

The abrupt and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant under one year of age, remaining unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including performance of a complete autopsy, examination of the death scene, and review of the clinical history. (Pediatr Pathol 1991 Sep-Oct;11(5):677-84)

The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Any one of five terminal digits of the vertebrate FOOT.

An aquatic genus of the family, Pipidae, occurring in Africa and distinguished by having black horny claws on three inner hind toes.

Methods to induce and measure electrical activities at specific sites in the heart to diagnose and treat problems with the heart's electrical system.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

An infant during the first month after birth.

A phenomenon that is observed when a small subgroup of a larger POPULATION establishes itself as a separate and isolated entity. The subgroup's GENE POOL carries only a fraction of the genetic diversity of the parental population resulting in an increased frequency of certain diseases in the subgroup, especially those diseases known to be autosomal recessive.

A family of hexahydropyridines.

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.

The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).

Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)

An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.

Genomic organization of the KCNQ1 K+ channel gene and identification of C-terminal mutations in the long-QT syndrome. (1/1293)

The voltage-gated K+ channel KVLQT1 is essential for the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential and for K+ homeostasis in the inner ear. Mutations in the human KCNQ1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of the KVLQT1 channel cause the long-QT syndrome (LQTS). The autosomal dominant form of this cardiac disease, the Romano-Ward syndrome, is characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden death. The autosomal recessive form, the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, also includes bilateral deafness. In the present study, we report the entire genomic structure of KCNQ1, which consists of 19 exons spanning 400 kb on chromosome 11p15.5. We describe the sequences of exon-intron boundaries and oligonucleotide primers that allow polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of exons from genomic DNA. Two new (CA)n repeat microsatellites were found in introns 10 and 14. The present study provides helpful tools for the linkage analysis and mutation screening of the complete KCNQ1 gene. By use of these tools, five novel mutations were identified in LQTS patients by PCR-single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis in the C-terminal part of KCNQ1: two missense mutations, a 20-bp and 1-bp deletions, and a 1-bp insertion. Such mutations in the C-terminal domain of the gene may be more frequent than previously expected, because this region has not been analyzed so far. This could explain the low percentage of mutations found in large LQTS cohorts. (+info)

Ion channels: structure of a molecular brake. (2/1293)

A combination of crystallographic and mutagenesis studies on the HERG K+ channel, a key determinant of cardiac excitability, has suggested how the protein's extramembraneous amino-terminal domain might act as a 'molecular brake' that slows down channel deactivation. (+info)

Homozygous deletion in KVLQT1 associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (3/1293)

BACKGROUND: Long-QT (LQT) syndrome is a cardiac disorder that causes syncope, seizures, and sudden death from ventricular arrhythmias, specifically torsade de pointes. Both autosomal dominant LQT (Romano-Ward syndrome) and autosomal recessive LQT (Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, JLNS) have been reported. Heterozygous mutations in 3 potassium channel genes, KVLQT1, KCNE1 (minK), and HERG, and the cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A cause autosomal dominant LQT. Autosomal recessive LQT, which is associated with deafness, has been found to occur with homozygous mutations in KVLQT1 and KCNE1 in JLNS families in which QTc prolongation was inherited as a dominant trait. METHODS AND RESULTS: An Amish family with clinical evidence of JLNS was analyzed for mutations by use of single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing analyses for mutations in all known LQT genes. A novel homozygous 2-bp deletion in the S2 transmembrane segment of KVLQT1 was identified in affected members of this Amish family in which both QTc prolongation and deafness were inherited as recessive traits. This deletion represents a new JLNS-associated mutation in KVLQT1 and has deleterious effects on the KVLQT1 potassium channel, causing a frameshift and the truncation of the KVLQT1 protein. In contrast to previous reports in which LQT was inherited as a clear dominant trait, 2 parents in the JLNS family described here have normal QTc intervals (0.43 and 0.44 seconds, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A novel homozygous KVLQT1 mutation causes JLNS in an Amish family with deafness that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. (+info)

C-terminal HERG mutations: the role of hypokalemia and a KCNQ1-associated mutation in cardiac event occurrence. (4/1293)

BACKGROUND: The long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease in which 4 genes encoding ion-channel subunits have been identified. Most of the mutations have been determined in the transmembrane domains of the cardiac potassium channel genes KCNQ1 and HERG. In this study, we investigated the 3' part of HERG for mutations. METHODS AND RESULTS: New specific primers allowed the amplification of the 3' part of HERG, the identification of 2 missense mutations, S818L and V822 M, in the putative cyclic nucleotide binding domain, and a 1-bp insertion, 3108+1G. Hypokalemia was a triggering factor for torsade de pointes in 2 of the probands of these families. Lastly, in a large family, a maternally inherited G to A transition was found in the splicing donor consensus site of HERG, 2592+1G-A, and a paternally inherited mutation, A341E, was identified in KCNQ1. The 2 more severely affected sisters bore both mutations. CONCLUSIONS: The discovery of mutations in the C-terminal part of HERG emphasizes that this region plays a significant role in cardiac repolarization. Clinical data suggests that these mutations may be less malignant than mutations occurring in the pore region, but they can become clinically significant in cases of hypokalemia. The first description of 2 patients with double heterozygosity associated with a dramatic malignant phenotype implies that genetic analysis of severely affected young patients should include an investigation for >1 mutation in the LQT genes. (+info)

Cellular and ionic basis for T-wave alternans under long-QT conditions. (5/1293)

BACKGROUND: T-wave alternans (TWA), an ECG phenomenon characterized by beat-to-beat alternation of the morphology, amplitude, and/or polarity of the T wave, is commonly observed in the acquired and congenital long-QT syndromes (LQTS). This study examines the cellular and ionic basis for TWA induced by rapid pacing under conditions mimicking the LQT3 form of the congenital LQTS in an arterially perfused canine left ventricular wedge preparation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Transmembrane action potentials from epicardial, M, and endocardial cells and 6 to 8 intramural unipolar electrograms were simultaneously recorded together with a transmural ECG and isometric tension development. In the presence of sea anemone toxin (ATX-II; 20 nmol/L), an increase in pacing rate (from a cycle length [CL] of 500 to 400 to 250 ms) produced a wide spectrum of T-wave and mechanical alternans. Acceleration to CLs of 400 to 300 ms produced mild to moderate TWA principally due to beat-to-beat alternation of repolarization of cells in the M region. Transmural dispersion of repolarization during alternans was exaggerated during alternate beats. Acceleration to CLs of 300 to 250 ms caused more pronounced beat-to-beat alternation of action potential duration (APD) of the M cell, resulting in a reversal of repolarization sequence across the ventricular wall, leading to alternation in the polarity of the T wave. The peak of the negative T waves coincided with repolarization of the M region, whereas the end of the negative T wave coincided with the repolarization of epicardium. In almost all cases, electrical alternans was concordant with mechanical alternans. Torsade de pointes occurred after an abrupt acceleration of CL, which was associated with marked TWA. Both ryanodine and low [Ca2+]o completely suppressed alternans of the T wave, APD, and contraction, suggesting a critical role for intracellular Ca2+ cycling in the maintenance of TWA. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that TWA observed at rapid rates under long-QT conditions is largely the result of alternation of the M-cell APD, leading to exaggeration of transmural dispersion of repolarization during alternate beats, and thus the potential for development of torsade de pointes. Our data also suggest that unlike transient forms of TWA that damp out quickly and depend on electrical restitution factors, the steady-state electrical and mechanical alternans demonstrated in this study appears to be largely the result of beat-to-beat alternans of [Ca2+]i. (+info)

Mutations in a dominant-negative isoform correlate with phenotype in inherited cardiac arrhythmias. (6/1293)

The long QT syndrome is characterized by prolonged cardiac repolarization and a high risk of sudden death. Mutations in the KCNQ1 gene, which encodes the cardiac KvLQT1 potassium ion (K+) channel, cause both the autosomal dominant Romano-Ward (RW) syndrome and the recessive Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (JLN) syndrome. JLN presents with cardiac arrhythmias and congenital deafness, and heterozygous carriers of JLN mutations exhibit a very mild cardiac phenotype. Despite the phenotypic differences between heterozygotes with RW and those with JLN mutations, both classes of variant protein fail to produce K+ currents in cultured cells. We have shown that an N-terminus-truncated KvLQT1 isoform endogenously expressed in the human heart exerts strong dominant-negative effects on the full-length KvLQT1 protein. Because RW and JLN mutations concern both truncated and full-length KvLQT1 isoforms, we investigated whether RW or JLN mutations would have different impacts on the dominant-negative properties of the truncated KvLQT1 splice variant. In a mammalian expression system, we found that JLN, but not RW, mutations suppress the dominant-negative effects of the truncated KvLQT1. Thus, in JLN heterozygous carriers, the full-length KvLQT1 protein encoded by the unaffected allele should not be subject to the negative influence of the mutated truncated isoform, leaving some cardiac K+ current available for repolarization. This is the first report of a genetic disease in which the impact of a mutation on a dominant-negative isoform correlates with the phenotype. (+info)

Prolonged QT interval predicts cardiac and all-cause mortality in the elderly. The Rotterdam Study. (7/1293)

AIMS: To examine the association between heart-rate corrected QT prolongation and cardiac and all-cause mortality in the population-based Rotterdam Study among men and women aged 55 years or older and to compare the prognostic value of the QT interval, using different formulas to correct for heart rate. METHODS AND RESULTS: After exclusion of participants with arrhythmias or bundle branch block on the ECG, the study population consisted of 2083 men and 3158 women. The QT interval was computed by the Modular ECG Analysis System (MEANS). Data were analysed using Cox' proportional hazards model. Participants in the highest quartile of the heart-rate corrected QT interval had about a 70% age- and sex-adjusted increased risk for both all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.8; 95% CI:1.3-2.4) and cardiac mortality (HR 1.7; 95% CI:1.0-2.7) compared to those in the lowest quartile. In women, the increased risk associated with prolonged QT for cardiac death was more pronounced than in men. These risk estimates did not change after adjustment for potential confounders, including history of myocardial infarction, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: A prolonged heart-rate corrected QT interval is an independent predictor for cardiac and all-cause mortality in older men and women. The risk associated with prolonged QT is hardly affected by the heart-rate correction formula used. (+info)

Long QT syndrome-associated mutations in the Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain of HERG potassium channels accelerate channel deactivation. (8/1293)

Mutations in the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) cause long QT syndrome, an inherited disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes affected individuals to life-threatening arrhythmias. HERG encodes the cardiac rapid delayed rectifier potassium channel that mediates repolarization of ventricular action potentials. In this study, we used the oocyte expression system and voltage clamp techniques to determine the functional consequences of eight long QT syndrome-associated mutations located in the amino-terminal region of HERG (F29L, N33T, G53R, R56Q, C66G, H70R, A78P, and L86R). Mutant subunits formed functional channels with altered gating properties when expressed alone in oocytes. Deactivation was accelerated by all mutations. Some mutants shifted the voltage dependence of channel availability to more positive potentials. Voltage ramps indicated that fast deactivation of mutant channels would reduce outward current during the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential and cause prolongation of the corrected QT interval, QTc. The amino-terminal region of HERG was recently crystallized and shown to possess a Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain. The location of these mutations suggests they may disrupt the PAS domain and interfere with its interaction with the S4-S5 linker of the HERG channel. (+info)

... cardiac arrhythmia syndrome known as ankyrin-B syndrome, previously referred to as long QT syndrome, type 4, which can be ... November 1995). "Mapping of a gene for long QT syndrome to chromosome 4q25-27". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57 (5): 1114-22. PMC 1801360 ... Initially, a Glu1425Gly mutation in ANK2 was found to cause dominantly-inherited long QT syndrome, type 4, cardiac arrhythmia. ... indicated that long QT syndrome was not a consistent clinical manifestation of ANK2 mutations; however, the effect on Ca(2+) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANK2

Rossi M, Giorgi G (2010). "Domperidone and long QT syndrome". Curr Drug Saf. 5 (3): 257-62. doi:10.2174/157488610791698334. ... It should no longer be used for the treatment of bloating and heartburn. Domperidone is now contraindicated in those with ... Djeddi D, Kongolo G, Lefaix C, Mounard J, Léké A (November 2008). "Effect of domperidone on QT interval in neonates". The ... An advocate for the mother suggested the child may have suffered neuroleptic malignant syndrome as a side effect of domperidone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domperidone

Chiang, CE (2004). "Congenital and acquired long QT syndrome. Current concepts and management". Cardiology in Review. 12 (4): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiology_in_Review

Ventricular Arrhythmia/ Tachycardia Khan, Ijaz A. (2002). "Long QT syndrome: Diagnosis and management". American Heart Journal ... long QT syndrome, social phobia, anxiety, and other conditions. ETS involves dissection of the main sympathetic trunk in the ... also known as Frey's syndrome). Other long-term adverse effects include: Ultrastructural changes in the cerebral artery wall ... Harlequin syndrome Cerfolio, Robert J.; De Campos, Jose Ribas Milanez; Bryant, Ayesha S.; Connery, Cliff P.; Miller, Daniel L ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_thoracic_sympathectomy

Sinus tachycardia Long QT syndrome THORNTON (2004). "Oxygen and the diving seal" (PDF). The Journal of Hyperbaric Medicine. 31 ... Sleep Hypothermia Hypothyroidism Roemheld syndrome Intrinsic disease of the SA node (E.g. sick sinus syndrome). An effect of ... as in carotid sinus syndrome, acute myocardial infarction. ECG characteristics Rate: Less than 60 beats per minute. Rhythm: ... helping them to conserve oxygen during long dives. Sinus bradycardia is a common condition found in both healthy individuals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinus_bradycardia

QT interval Long QT syndrome Bellocq, C.; Wilders, R.; Schott, J. J.; Louérat-Oriou, B.; Boisseau, P.; Le Marec, H.; Escande, D ... Precipitates the Long QT Syndrome 2". Molecular Pharmacology. 66 (5): 1093-1102. doi:10.1124/mol.104.001065. PMID 15280442. " ... Studies in 2004 had indicated that clobutinol has the potential to prolong the QT interval. Clobutinol was in 2007 determined ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clobutinol

Reed GJ, Boczek NJ, Etheridge SP, Ackerman MJ (2015). "CALM3 mutation associated with long QT syndrome". Heart Rhythm. 12 (2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALM3

"Long QT Syndromes and Torsade de Pointes". Thoracic Surgery News. Retrieved 2016-12-16. Gupta P, Patel C, Patel H, ... long QT syndrome, and other abnormalities that can lead to sudden cardiac death. Yan is a professor at Lankenau Institute for ... Consisting of Brugada syndrome and early repolarization syndrome (ERS), J wave syndromes are characterized by an unusually ... the normal T wave and electrocardiographic expression of the long QT syndrome, the cardiac safety of drugs, and the conditions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gan-Xin_Yan

... and Jervell Lange-Nielsens syndrome (homozygotes). Both these syndromes are characterized by Long QT syndrome, a delay in ... Mutation D76N in the KCNE1 protein can lead to long QT syndrome due to structural changes in the KvLQT1/KCNE1 complex, and ... While loss-of-function mutations in KCNE1 cause Long QT syndrome, gain-of-function KCNE1 mutations are associated with early- ... "Long QT syndrome-associated mutations in KCNQ1 and KCNE1 subunits disrupt normal endosomal recycling of IKs channels". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCNE1

DeSilvey DL; Moss AJ (July 1980). "Primidone in the treatment of the long QT syndrome: QT shortening and ventricular arrhythmia ... Lan, Y. W. (December 1986). "[Primidone in the treatment of long Q-T syndrome. Clinical analysis of 4 cases]". Zhonghua Xin Xue ... Phenytoin was still regarded as the drug of choice for partial seizures due to its long half-life and low cost; but for ... Within two years, primidone was no longer seen as the drug of choice for psychomotor epilepsy in the United States. This was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primidone

"Does KCNE5 play a role in long QT syndrome?". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 345 (1-2): 49- ... "KCNE5 polymorphism rs697829 is associated with QT interval and survival in acute coronary syndromes patients". Journal of ... Brugada syndrome is a relatively rare but lethal ventricular arrhythmia most commonly linked to voltage-gated sodium channel ... This intronless gene is deleted in AMME contiguous gene syndrome and is potentially involved in the cardiac and neurologic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCNE5

Mutations in the SCN4B are associated with long QT syndrome. SCN4B might additionally function as a cell adhesion molecule. ... "SCN4B-encoded sodium channel beta4 subunit in congenital long-QT syndrome". Circulation. 116 (2): 134-42. doi:10.1161/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCN4B

Short QT syndrome, and Familial Atrial Fibrillation. KvLQT1 are also expressed in the pancreas, and KvLQT1 Long QT syndrome ... "The genetic basis of long QT and short QT syndromes: a mutation update". Human Mutation. 30 (11): 1486-1511. doi:10.1002/humu. ... Mutations in the gene can lead to a defective protein and several forms of inherited arrhythmias as Long QT syndrome which is a ... Mutations in either the alpha subunit of this complex, KvLQT1 or the beta subunit, KCNE1, can lead to Long QT Syndrome or other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KvLQT1

There are far more hERG mutations described for long QT syndrome than for short QT syndrome. This channel is also sensitive to ... long QT syndrome. Among the drugs that can cause QT prolongation, the more common ones include antiarrhythmics (especially ... "The genetic basis of long QT and short QT syndromes: a mutation update". Hum. Mutat. 30 (11): 1486-511. doi:10.1002/humu.21106 ... Loss of function mutations in this channel may lead to long QT syndrome (LQT2), while gain of function mutations may lead to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HERG

Furthermore, caveolin-3 has been associated with Long QT syndrome. Caveolin-3 has been implicated in the development of certain ... "Mutant caveolin-3 induces persistent late sodium current and is associated with long-QT syndrome". Circulation. 114 (20): 2104- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caveolin

"Contribution of long-QT syndrome genetic variants in sudden infant death syndrome". Pediatric Cardiology. 30 (4): 502-9. doi: ... "Prevalence of long-QT syndrome gene variants in sudden infant death syndrome". Circulation. 115 (3): 361-7. doi:10.1161/ ... Tester DJ, Cronk LB, Carr JL, Schulz V, Salisbury BA, Judson RS, Ackerman MJ (July 2006). "Allelic dropout in long QT syndrome ... MiRP1 is a voltage-gated potassium channel accessory subunit (beta subunit) associated with Long QT syndrome. It is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCNE2

... is contraindicated in people with congenital long QT syndrome. Very common (present in greater than 10% of people) ... long QT syndrome, high blood pressure, stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, sensitivity to sunlight, rash, ... Other drugs that prolong the QT interval can possibly add to this side effect of vandetanib. As the drug is partly metabolised ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandetanib

Such tests can screen for drug-hERG channel interactions that cause acquired long QT syndrome, are essential for determining ... Sanguinetti MC, Mitcheson JS (Mar 2005). "Predicting drug-hERG channel interactions that cause acquired long QT syndrome". ... which destabilize the conductive conformation and facilitate entry into a long-lived nonconducting state that resembles the C- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KcsA_potassium_channel

El-Sherif, N (August 2001). "Mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndrome: on hermeneutics". Journal of ... Khan, IA (January 2002). "Clinical and therapeutic aspects of congenital and acquired long QT syndrome". The American Journal ... However, there is agreement that the greater loss of mass with long-duration flight is most likely due to atrophy. The QT ... Thus, changes in QT duration represent alterations in ventricular repolarization. The QT interval of the surface ECG is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_rhythm_problems_during_space_flight

CG-NAP hereditary Long QT syndrome LQT11 COH1 Cohen Syndrome GMAP210 Achondrogenesis type IA Golgin A2 a complex, neuromuscular ... "Mutation of an A-kinase-anchoring protein causes long-QT syndrome". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the ... 2003). "Cohen syndrome is caused by mutations in a novel gene, COH1, encoding a transmembrane protein with a presumed role in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_matrix

QT prolongation may be congenital or acquired. Congenital problems include long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ... long-QT syndrome), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, or a ... Long-term anti-arrhythmic therapy may be indicated to prevent recurrence of VT. Beta-blockers and a number of class III anti- ... Class III anti-arrhythmic drugs such as sotalol and amiodarone prolong the QT interval and may in some circumstances be pro- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_tachycardia

"Mapping of a gene for long QT syndrome to chromosome 4q25-27". American Journal of Human Genetics. 57 (5): 1114-22. PMC 1801360 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankyrin

"The genetic basis of long QT and short QT syndromes: a mutation update". Human Mutation. 30 (11): 1486-511. doi:10.1002/humu. ... causing altering ion channel activity leading to Long QT syndrome. Syntrophin, alpha 1 has been shown to interact with ... "Alpha-1-syntrophin mutation and the long-QT syndrome: a disease of sodium channel disruption". Circ Arrhytm Electrophysiol. 1 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntrophin,_alpha_1

Sudden Arrhythmia death Syndrome: Importance of the Long QT Syndrome Am Fam Physician. 2003 Aug 1;68(3):483-488. Retrieved July ... After her death, the autopsy showed signs of long-term and irreversible damage to her brain consistent with PVS. Frist defended ... A serious consequence of hypokalemia can be heart rhythm abnormalities, including sudden arrhythmia death syndrome. Terri was ... Schiavo's decisions might have been influenced by the potential to inherit what remained of Terri Schiavo's estate as long as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terri_Schiavo_case

For example, in Brugada Syndrome, sodium channels are affected. In certain forms of long QT syndrome, the potassium inward ... long QT syndrome, electric shock, or intracranial hemorrhage. Diagnosis is by an electrocardiogram (ECG) showing irregular ... Recently described syndromes such as the Brugada Syndrome may give clues to the underlying mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias ... In the Brugada syndrome, changes may be found in the resting ECG with evidence of right bundle branch block (RBBB) and ST ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_fibrillation

A number of inherited disorders may also increase the risk including long QT syndrome. The initial heart rhythm is most often ... A number of genetic conditions are associated with heart defects including Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Marfan syndrome ... known for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome Louis Wolff (1898-1972), known for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome Karel Frederik ... Long term high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, peripheral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiology

"Cardiac Sodium Channel Mutations in Patients with Long QT Syndrome, an Inherited Cardiac Arrhythmia." Human Molecular Genetics ... Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a pre-excitation syndrome in which individuals are predisposed to supraventricular ... ISBN 978-0-07-160405-5 Milan, S., Hroboňová, V., & Bartáková, H. "Lorcainide Treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome in ... QRS and QT intervals of an ECG.[4] Lorcainide also increases the ventricular fibrillation threshold in a dose-dependent fashion ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorcainide

Long QT syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome, Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Long ... A number of inherited disorders may also increase the risk including long QT syndrome. The initial heart rhythm is most often ... Longer durations of CPR may be reasonable in those who have cardiac arrest while in hospital. Bystander CPR, by the lay public ... QT syndrome, a condition often mentioned in young people's deaths, occurs in one of every 5000 to 7000 newborns and is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_arrest

Spierer's rare heart condition-long QT syndrome-added to the danger of drug use. Police addressed rumors that implied Spierer ... The heavy press coverage of the disappearance has been dubbed an example of missing white woman syndrome, a phenomenon wherein ... Cohen, Shawn (April 24, 2012). "Parents believe missing Indiana student is no longer alive". USA Today. "Lauren Spierer's ... Barton, Robin (August 22, 2011). "The "Missing White Woman Syndrome"". Majchrowicz, Michael (November 9, 2011). "Beyond the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Lauren_Spierer

Contraindications include long QT syndrome, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, pregnancy, planned pregnancy, lactation and ... Cautions include: Myelosuppression Tumour lysis syndrome Liver impairment History of pancreatitis Check serum lipase ... and prolonged QT interval. Nilotinib can also affect the body's electrolyte and glucose balance. Though pulmonary-related ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilotinib

... are associated with a variant of Long QT syndrome called Timothy's syndrome[19] and also with Brugada syndrome.[20] Large-scale ... GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Timothy Syndrome. This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of ... GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Brugada syndrome. *CACNA1C+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical ... Pagon RA, Bird TC, Dolan CR, Stephens K, Splawski I, Timothy KW, Priori SG, Napolitano C, Bloise R (1993). "Timothy Syndrome". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cav1.2

... long QT syndrome).[150] Methylxanthines such as theophylline generally cause more harm than benefit and thus are usually not ... long-acting agents are recommended.[2] Long-acting agents partly work by reducing hyperinflation.[74] If long-acting ... long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) such as tiotropium or a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) is better is unclear, and ... "Long-acting beta2-agonist in addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or long-acting beta2-agonist alone for chronic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COPD

It can be kept in place until a permanent pacemaker is implanted or until there is no longer a need for a pacemaker and then it ... Another possible complication called twiddler's syndrome occurs when a patient manipulates the pacemaker and causes the leads ... to attempt to mimic nature by utilizing various inputs to produce a rate-responsive pacemaker using parameters such as the QT ... or sick sinus syndrome. Where the problem is atrioventricular block (AVB) the pacemaker is required to detect (sense) the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cardiac_pacemaker

... including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), DRESS syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).[36] The manufacturer states that ... The long-term consequences of this are unknown.[51] Some patients have reported experiencing a loss of concentration, even with ... Lamotrigine has been associated with a decrease in white blood cell count (leukopenia).[40] Lamotrigine does not prolong QT/QTc ... It is also appropriate for the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.[12] It is one of a small number of FDA-approved therapies ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamotrigine

... www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/arrhythmias-and-conduction-disorders/long-qt-syndrome-and-torsades- ... which tends to result from a long QT interval.[6] Both of these rhythms normally last for only a few seconds to minutes ( ... "quick, rapid" and καρδία, kardia, "heart". As a matter both of usage choices in the medical literature and of idiom in natural ... can no longer be invariably enforced without violating idiom. But the power to differentiate in an idiomatic way is not lost, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_tachycardia

Causes of SADS in young people are long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia ... SADS, or sudden arrhythmia death syndrome, is a term used to describe sudden death due to cardiac arrest brought on by an ... Causes include stress, ingested or injected substances (ie: caffeine, alcohol--see Holiday heart syndrome), and an overactive ... If the people are quick enough to respond, the first person to stand will trigger a single wave which will then die out; but if ...

https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/कार्दियाक_अरिदमिया

... long QT syndrome and other serious cardiac arrhythmias including torsades de pointes, blackwater fever, disseminated ... As of 2006, it is no longer recommended by the WHO (World Health Organization) as a first-line treatment for malaria, and it ... While used for restless legs syndrome, it is not recommended for this purpose due to the risk of side effects.[2] It can be ... including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, angioedema, facial edema, bronchospasm, granulomatous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinine

Long QT syndrome. *Andersen-Tawil. *Jervell and Lange-Nielsen. *Romano-Ward. Cardiac arrest ...

https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/හෘද_රෝග

Inherited arrhythmic syndromes (congenital long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome) ... short QT syndrome, Wolff Parkinson White syndrome, and other forms of supraventricular tachycardia (e.g., AV nodal reentrant ... Long-term endurance exercise that far exceeds the recommended amount of exercise (e.g., long-distance cycling or marathon ... an ongoing long-term episode The American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), and the European ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

GI bleeds; ulcers; Reye syndrome; nephrotoxicity; blood dyscrasias (rarely); Stevens-Johnson syndrome (uncommon/rare) ... Where † indicates products that are no longer marketed. Etymology[edit]. The word analgesic derives from Greek an- (ἀν-, " ... As per other opioids, plus QT interval prolongation. Piritramide. Comes in free or tartrate salt forms.. Mu opioid.. IM, IV, SC ... Lidocaine, an anesthetic, and steroids may be injected into joints for longer-term pain relief. Lidocaine is also used for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algesic

Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Acute liver failure. Respiratory failure. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. *Neonatal ... Long B, Koyfman A (November 2017). "Controversies in corticosteroid use for sepsis". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 53 (5 ... However, these agents may precipitate prolongation of the QT interval and consequently provoke a ventricular arrhythmia such as ... Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Other shock. Cardiogenic shock. Distributive shock. Anaphylaxis. Obstructive shock. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis

There have also been several deaths related to ibogaine use, which causes tachycardia and long QT syndrome. The drug is an ... The addiction syndrome is also hypothesized to be associated with life trajectories that have occurred within the context of ... Treatment can be a long process and the duration is dependent upon the patient's needs and history of abuse. Research has shown ... Naltrexone is a long-acting opioid antagonist with few side effects. It is usually prescribed in outpatient medical conditions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_rehabilitation

Quick VM, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Neumark-Sztainer D (1 May 2013). "Chronic illness and disordered eating: a discussion of the ... The rate of refeeding can be difficult to establish, because the fear of refeeding syndrome (RFS) can lead to underfeeding. It ... In those circumstances, it is recommended to start refeeding slowly but to build up rapidly as long as RFS does not occur. ... It has been documented that some people with celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease who are not ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_Nervosa

This syndrome consists of fever, rash, peripheral leukocytosis, lymphadenopathy, and occasionally hepatic necrosis.[43] ... Phenytoin was still regarded as the drug of choice for partial seizures due to its long half-life and low cost; but for ... Primidone has other cardiovascular effects in beyond shortening the QT interval. Both it and phenobarbital are associated with ... Felbamate was the most effective for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and was seen as a second-line agent in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primidone

SCN5A: sodium channel, voltage-gated, type V, alpha (long QT syndrome 3) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_3_(human)

"Sudden Arrhythmia death Syndrome: Importance of the Long QT Syndrome" Archived May 2, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Am Fam ... A serious consequence of hypokalemia can be heart rhythm abnormalities, including sudden arrhythmia death syndrome.[15] Terri ... the autopsy showed signs of long-term and irreversible damage to her brain consistent with PVS.[61] Frist defended his actions ... Schiavo's decisions might have been influenced by the potential to inherit what remained of Terri Schiavo's estate as long as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terri_schiavo

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome / Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) · Ulevi (alcohol addiction) · Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS ... au QT hadi vipindi na matukio paroxsysmal ya tachycardia ventricular. Pathofisiolojia (sababu za kuugua mwilini) ya ... http://www.ajph.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8498629. *↑ Fuchs CS, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. (Mei 1995). "Alcohol ... Holiday Heart Syndrome at eMedicine *↑ Savage D, Lindenbaum J (1986). "Anemia in alcoholics". Medicine (Baltimore) 65 (5): 322- ...

https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athari_za_muda_mrefu_za_pombe

Q Qa Qe Qj Qo Qt • R Ra Re Rj Ro Rt • S Sa Se Sj So St • T Ta Te Tj To Tt • U Ua Ue Uj Uo Ut • V Va Ve Vj Vo Vt • W Wa We Wj Wo ... Pages in category "CS1: long volume value". The following 155 pages are in this category, out of 292 total. ... longer than four characters and not wholly numeric or uppercase roman numerals. ... Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:CS1:_long_volume_value&oldid=6413959" ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value?from=Jt

Long QT syndrome. *Andersen-Tawil. *Jervell and Lange-Nielsen. *Romano-Ward. Cardiac arrest. *Sudden cardiac death ... Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL) is a pre-excitation syndrome of the heart. Those with LGL syndrome have episodes of abnormal ... LGL can be distinguished from WPW syndrome because the delta waves seen in WPW syndrome are not seen in LGL syndrome. The QRS ... Individuals with LGL syndrome do not carry an increased risk of sudden death. The only morbidity associated with the syndrome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lown–Ganong–Levine_syndrome

Quinolones are contraindicated if a patient has epilepsy, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome,[41] QT prolongation, pre-existing CNS lesions ... CS1: long volume value. *Pages with DOIs inactive since 2019. *CS1 Spanish-language sources (es) ... Fluoroquinolones prolong the heart's QT interval by blocking voltage-gated potassium channels.[33] Prolongation of the QT ... certain genetic conditions such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and the elderly. For these people, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoroquinolone-associated_disability

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B, Long QT syndrome 9. Vacuolar protein sorting:. *VPS33B *ARC syndrome ... Griscelli syndrome (also known as "Chédiak-Higashi like syndrome"). References[edit]. *^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; ... "Chediak Higashi syndrome". Retrieved 2008-11-06.. *^ Falus A, Fenyo M, Eder K, Madarasi A (September 2011). "[Polarized light ... Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) and Griscelli syndromes (GS)". In Ruggieri M, Pascual-Castroviejo I, Di Rocco C. Neurocutaneous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chédiak–Higashi_syndrome

Long QT syndrome. *Andersen-Tawil. *Jervell and Lange-Nielsen. *Romano-Ward. Cardiac arrest. *Sudden cardiac death ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premature_junctional_contractions

Main articles: Bradycardia and Athletic heart syndrome. Bradycardia was defined as a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute ... Brosschot, J.F.; Thayer, J.F. (2003). "Heart rate response is longer after negative emotions than after positive emotions". ... It is inexpensive and quick to measure and is easily understandable.[49] Although the accepted limits of heart rate are between ... The impact of thyroid hormones is typically of a much longer duration than that of the catecholamines. The physiologically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate

Contribution of long-QT syndrome genetic variants in sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatr Cardiol. May 2009, 30 (4): 502-9. ... 長QT症候群（英语：long QT syndrome）（佔所有病例的2%以下）[44] ... 嬰兒猝死症（Sudden infant death syndrome, cot death, crib death，簡稱SIDS），是指嬰兒在一歲之前突然無預期死亡的現象[1]，且在死後進行驗屍與詳細現場調查後仍找不出死因的情形下才能

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/嬰兒猝死症

Long QT syndrome. *Andersen-Tawil. *Jervell and Lange-Nielsen. *Romano-Ward. Cardiac arrest. *Sudden cardiac death ... As with post PVC pauses, a longer P-P interval leads to a higher chance of re-entrant circuits and thus PVCs. The term "rule of ... Bigeminy is a heart rhythm problem in which there are repeated rhythms heart beats, one long and one shorter. Most often this ... The pause after the PVC leads to a longer recovery time, which is associated with a higher likelihood of myocardium being in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_bigeminy

Long QT syndrome. *Marfan syndrome (treatment with propranolol slows progression of aortic dilation and its complications) ... Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome[52]. AsthmaEdit. Beta blockers are contraindicated in patients with asthma as stated in the ... Beta blockers should not be used as a first-line treatment in the acute setting for cocaine-induced acute coronary syndrome ( ... Usage of beta-blockers in tachycardic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome can result in severe bradycardia, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_blocker

... has a long elimination half-life of typically 5 to 7 days, with a range of 4 to 11 days.[2][4][77] Similarly, the ... Tamoxifen is useful in the treatment of peripheral precocious puberty, for instance due to McCune-Albright syndrome, in both ... QT prolongation was also observed with very high doses of tamoxifen.[3] There is no specific antidote for overdose of tamoxifen ... However, long-term data from clinical trials have failed to demonstrate a cardioprotective effect.[41] For some women, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamoxifen

Fad-diets can be tempting as they offer a quick-fix to a long-term problem.. ... It is promoted as a way of reducing the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, ... Observations in 17 patients and the role of the prolonged QT interval". Circulation. 60 (6): 1401-12. doi:10.1161/01.cir.60.6. ... Locavore diet: a neologism describing the eating of food that is locally produced, and not moved long distances to market. An ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diets

Long QT syndrome at Curlie (based on DMOZ) Thomson, Clare; Wright, Paul (2014-10-15). "Long QT syndrome". The Pharmaceutical ... "Long QT syndrome - Symptoms". Thomson, Clare; Wright, Paul (2014-10-15). "Long QT syndrome". The Pharmaceutical Journal. 293 ( ... Cardiac action potential Short QT syndrome "Long QT syndrome". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS ... 2009). "The genetic basis of long QT and short QT syndromes: a mutation update". Human Mutation. 30 (11): 1486-511. doi:10.1002 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_QT_syndrome

... (LQTS) is a condition that affects the electrical system of the heart. Some kids have no symptoms, while ... Long QT Syndrome. Resources. Please Note: By clicking a link to any resource listed on this page, you will be leaving the ...

http://kidshealth.org/en/parents/long-qt-syndrome.html?view=rr&WT.ac=p-rr

Long QT syndrome causes problems with the electrical activity of the heart. Its uncommon, occurring in around 1 in every 2,000 ... drug-induced long QT syndrome (PDF, 158kb).. Diagnosing long QT syndrome. If your GP thinks you have long QT syndrome, if you ... Long QT syndrome Long QT syndrome is an inherited heart rhythm problem where the heart muscle takes longer than normal to ... Symptoms of long QT syndrome. Some people with long QT syndrome dont have any symptoms. They may only become aware of their ...

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/long-qt-syndrome/

... is a congenital disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiograms (ECGs) and a propensity to ... Marked prolongation of QT interval in a 15-year-old male adolescent with long QT syndrome (LQTS) (R-R = 1.00 s, QT interval = ... Long QT syndrome and short QT syndrome: how to make correct diagnosis and what about eligibility for sports activity. J ... encoded search term (Long%20QT%20Syndrome) and Long QT Syndrome What to Read Next on Medscape. Medscape Consult. ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/157826-differential

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition that affects the electrical system of the heart. Some kids have no symptoms, while ... Síndrome de QT largo. What Is Long QT Syndrome?. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition that affects the electrical system of ... What Causes Long QT Syndrome?. Long QT syndrome can be:. *congenital, which means its inherited and the baby has the condition ... How Is Long QT Syndrome Treated?. Long QT syndrome often can be treated with a medicine called a beta blocker. Beta blockers ...

https://kidshealth.org/PrimaryChildrens/en/parents/long-qt-syndrome.html?WT.ac=ctg

... is a congenital disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiograms (ECGs) and a propensity to ... encoded search term (Long QT Syndrome) and Long QT Syndrome What to Read Next on Medscape. Related Conditions and Diseases. * ... Marked prolongation of QT interval in a 15-year-old male adolescent with long QT syndrome (LQTS) (R-R = 1.00 s, QT interval = ... Marked prolongation of QT interval in a 15-year-old male adolescent with long QT syndrome (LQTS) (R-R = 1.00 s, QT interval = ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/157826-overview

Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). Facebook Twitter Linkedin Pinterest Print. Heart and Vascular Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an abnormal ... Acquired long QT syndrome is the result of conditions, medications or events that prolong the QT interval. It is more common in ... The term "long QT" refers to the hearts electrical activity as graphed on an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). Doctors name the ... A wide variety of drugs may lengthen the QT interval. If you have been diagnosed with LQTS, consult your physician about which ...

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/long-qt-syndrome-lqts

Man who died laughing at Goodies had Long QT syndrome. When Alex Mitchell collapsed and died while watching an episode of the ... Cardiologists believe Mr Mitchell suffered from a rare heart rhythm disorder, Long QT syndrome, which can induce cardiac arrest ... Once admitted to hospital, tests showed that Long QT syndrome was hereditary on her fathers side. ... youre a hero and I hope Lisa and your beautiful looking children have long and happy lives. Please also pass on my best wishes ...

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/9344957/Man-who-died-laughing-at-Goodies-had-Long-QT-syndrome.html

A structural basis for drug-induced long QT syndrome. John S. Mitcheson, Jun Chen, Monica Lin, Chris Culberson, Michael C. ... A structural basis for drug-induced long QT syndrome. John S. Mitcheson, Jun Chen, Monica Lin, Chris Culberson, Michael C. ... A structural basis for drug-induced long QT syndrome. John S. Mitcheson, Jun Chen, Monica Lin, Chris Culberson, and Michael C. ... Long QT syndrome (LQT) is an abnormality of cardiac muscle repolarization that predisposes affected individuals to a ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/97/22/12329?ijkey=f8990edb432f2983d8effb256cb075f69ca33b94&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Cloningers temperament traits and inherited long QT syndrome.. Määttänen I1, Hintsa T, Toivonen L, Swan H, Pulkki-Råback L, ... The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac disorder which predisposes the mutation carrier to ventricular arrhythmias ... Congenital long QT syndrome mutation carriers had a higher harm avoidance (HA) than those representing the general population ( ... The objective of the present study was to examine the association between the symptom status of congenital long QT syndrome ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21911102

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition marked by a lengthening of the QT interval on an electrocardiogram, typically indicating ... A new study suggests that the way certain medications trigger a hazardous side effect known as long QT syndrome is more ... Paper reveals new channels for worry over long QT syndrome. *Roxanne Palmer ... Palmer, R. Paper reveals new channels for worry over long QT syndrome. Nat Med 18, 839 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0612- ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nm0612-839a?error=cookies_not_supported&code=85c4a8bb-6bd7-4749-8b61-bfb2e48bf435

The Long QT Syndrome is a rare heart disease that is ususally genetically inherted. The heart problem symptoms are unusual; ... What is Long QT Syndrome?. Long QT syndrome is a disorder of the hearts electrical system. The heart may suddenly have an ... Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). The long QT syndrome is a serious heart condition that is usually acquired through a genetic mutation ... Doctors measure the Q-T interval to find out if it occurs in a normal amount of time. The upper time limit of the QT interval ...

https://hubpages.com/health/Heart-Condition-Long-QT-Syndrome

Influence of genotype on the clinical course of the long-QT syndrome. International Long-QT Syndrome Registry Research Group. N ... long QT syndrome; QTc, heart rate-corrected QT (interval); RWS, Romano-Ward syndrome; TS, Timothy syndrome. ... Response of the QT interval to mental and physical stress in types LQT1 and LQT2 of the long QT syndrome. Heart. 2001. 86:39-44 ... Epinephrine-induced QT interval prolongation: a gene-specific paradoxical response in congenital long QT syndrome. Mayo Clin. ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/25537

Long QT Syndrome - an easy to understand guide covering causes, diagnosis, symptoms, treatment and prevention plus additional ... Inherited long QT syndrome does not go away. If you have a long QT interval caused by a medication you are taking or by a ... Since long QT syndrome does not always create longer than normal QT intervals all the time, theres a chance your EKG may be ... People with long QT syndrome may not always show an abnormally long QT interval on an EKG. Many different factors can influence ...

https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/long-qt-syndrome.html

Kathy Magliato explain what long QT syndrome is and treatments available for the disorder. ... Long QT Syndrome Disease & Illness on 5:00 AM PST, December 3, 2009 ... Kathy Magliato explain what long QT syndrome is and treatments available for the disorder. ...

https://www.thedoctorstv.com/videos/long-qt-syndrome

Long QT Syndrome Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disease that you can inherit or acquire. It affects the bottom pumping chambers ... The name long QT stems from a reading on the electrocardiogram (ECG) machine. Healthcare providers use this to evaluate your ... The relationship between the Q and T waves is important and is known as the QT interval. When the interval lasts longer than it ...

https://www.choa.org/medical-services/heart-center/long-qt-syndrome

Over 100 different medications can lengthen the QT interval (drug-induced long QT syndrome). Electrolyte imbalances such as low ... Living with long QT syndrome. Its normal to feel worried or afraid after a diagnosis of LQTS. Find someone you can turn to for ... What is long QT syndrome?. LQTS is a disorder of the hearts electrical system. The electrical system controls the rate (speed ... There are two types of long QT syndrome: *Inherited LQTS is the result of a gene mutation. Many genes associated with LQTS have ...

https://www.heartandstroke.ca/heart/conditions/long-qt-syndrome

We report on two brothers with long QT syndrome caused... ... Congenital long QT syndrome is a genetic disorder encompassing ... KCNH2 gene Long QT syndrome Compound mutation Missense mutation Frameshift mutation This is a preview of subscription content, ... Congenital long QT syndrome is a genetic disorder encompassing a family of mutations that can lead to aberrant ventricular ... We report on two brothers with long QT syndrome caused by compound mutations in the KCNH2 gene inherited from parents who had ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00380-013-0406-2

10 Acquired long QT syndrome secondary to cardiac conditions 163. 11 Acquired long QT syndrome secondary to noncardiac ... 4 Introduction to drug-induced long QT syndrome 60. 5 Risk of QT prolongation and torsades de pointes with antiarrhythmic drugs ... Acquired Long QT Syndrome. A. John Camm , Marek Malik , Yee Guan Yap ... They focus particularly on the risk of individual cardiac and non-cardiac drugs in provoking long QT syndrome, providing a ...

https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Acquired+Long+QT+Syndrome-p-9781405146166

Arrhythmia phenotype during fetal life suggests long-QT syndrome genotype: Risk stratification of perinatal long-QT syndrome. ... 2010) Congenital long QT syndrome and 2:1 atrioventricular block: An optimistic outcome in the current era. Heart Rhythm 7(6): ... Early somatic mosaicism is a rare cause of long-QT syndrome. James Rush Priest, Charles Gawad, Kristopher M. Kahlig, Joseph K. ... 2014) Molecular diagnosis of long QT syndrome at 10 days of life by rapid whole genome sequencing. Heart Rhythm 11(10):1707- ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/113/41/11555

Long QT Syndrome. What is long QT syndrome?. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disease that can cause a dangerous rapid heart rate ... Key points about long QT syndrome. * Long QT syndrome is a rare heart disorder that upsets the electrical activity of your ... How is long QT syndrome diagnosed?. An ECG is the main way to detect LQTS. If your healthcare provider notes that the interval ... How is long QT syndrome treated?. For acquired LQTS, correcting any electrolyte problems or changing medicines may be all that ...

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=134&ContentID=233

Romano-Ward syndrome)Classification & external resources Schematic representation of normal ECG trace (sinus rhythm), with ... Acquired Long QT Syndrome. More common than the various congenital causes of long QT syndrome described above, are acquired ... Pre-excitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine) - Long QT syndrome - Adams-Stokes syndrome - Cardiac arrest ... Beta blockers are the first choice in treating Long QT syndrome. In 2004 it has been shown that genotype and QT interval ...

https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Long_QT_syndrome.html

Does having a Prolonged QT have to mean you have Long QT Syndrome? I dont understand..Post Edited By Moderator (stkitt) : 8/15 ... Prolonged QT syndrome is also known as long QT syndrome.. Technical question and should be discusssed with your physician.. ~~ ... Does having a Prolonged QT have to mean you have Long QT Syndrome? I dont understand... Post Edited By Moderator (stkitt) : 8/ ... Prolonged QT -, Long QT Syndrome. Chronic Illness Forums. ,. Heart & Cardiovascular Disease. ,. Prolonged QT -, Long QT ...

https://www.healingwell.com/community/default.aspx?f=42&m=1874630

Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited condition that affects the hearts electrical rhythm and can cause fast, erratic ... What is long QT syndrome? Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited condition that affects the hearts electrical rhythm and can ... What are the types of long QT syndrome? There are three types of LQTS:. *LQT1 is more likely to cause symptoms with exercise or ... What are the causes of long QT syndrome?. In many cases, LQTS is caused by an inherited genetic mutation passed down from a ...

http://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/l/long-qt-syndrome/

SCN5A mutations associated with an inherited cardiac arrhythmia, long QT syndrome.. Wang Q1, Shen J, Splawski I, Atkinson D, Li ... Long QT syndrome (LQT) is an inherited disorder that causes sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias, specifically torsade de ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7889574?dopt=Abstract

Long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3) is a rare heart rhythm disorder that causes young people to die suddenly. New research on the ... Biton studies long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3), a rare heart rhythm disorder that causes young people to die suddenly. ... Biton received third prize in the category "Molecular and Cellular Cardiology" for his research on long QT syndrome. The Young ... Long QT Syndrome Research Honored at Major Heart Meeting. Apr. 7, 2016 ...

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/long-qt-syndrome-research-honored-at-major-heart-m?tagid=377

Syndrome. Long QT Syndrome. Disease. Pathologic Processes. Arrhythmias, Cardiac. Heart Diseases. Cardiovascular Diseases. Heart ... Pregnant women with diagnoses of Long QT Syndrome, Romano Ward and Jervell - Lange Nielson Syndrome who delivered at BC Womens ... The Long QT Syndrome in Pregnancy. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor ... Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is a disease of young adults and can affect women of child bearing age. Suffers of LQTS are at risk of ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00488254?cond=%22Romano-Ward+syndrome%22+OR+%22Long+QT+Syndrome%22&rank=2

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare inherited or acquired heart condition involving episodes of irregular heartbeats. These ... leading to Long QT syndrome 1, aka LQT1), KCNH2 (LQT2), and SCN5A (LQT3). Mutations deemed potentially pathogenic in any of ... Retrieved from "https://www.SNPedia.com/index.php?title=Long_QT_syndrome&oldid=987260" ...

https://snpedia.com/index.php/Long_QT_syndrome

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is usually diagnosed with an electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a picture of the electrical activity of ... QT refers to a time interval measured on the ECG. People with this disorder have a longer QT interval than other people. ...

https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/long_qt_syndrome/diagnosis.html

Several Web sites provide excellent information about the long QT syndrome: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ... Private sites, such as QTsyndrome.ch, Long-QT-Syndrome.com, the Cardiac Arrhythmias Research and Education (CARE) Foundation, ... Several Web sites provide excellent information about the long QT syndrome: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ... also deliver useful, though somewhat more personal, information on long QT syndrome. ...

https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/more_information_on_the_long_qt_syndrome

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition which affects repolarization of the heart after a heartbeat. (wikipedia.org)
the following is a list of all known genes associated with LQTS: LQT1 LQT1 is the most common type of long QT syndrome, making up about 30 to 35% of all cases. (wikipedia.org)
In otherwise healthy people, causes of syncope, cardiac arrest, or sudden death other than LQTS include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Brugada syndrome, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. (medscape.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition that affects the electrical system of the heart . (kidshealth.org)
In LQTS, it takes longer for the heart to squeeze and then recover or "recharge. (kidshealth.org)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a congenital disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiograms (ECGs) and a propensity to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which may lead to syncope, cardiac arrest, or sudden death. (medscape.com)
Marked prolongation of QT interval in a 15-year-old male adolescent with long QT syndrome (LQTS) (R-R = 1.00 s, QT interval = 0.56 s, QT interval corrected for heart rate [QTc] = 0.56 s). (medscape.com)
Findings on physical examination usually do not indicate a diagnosis of LQTS, although some patients may present with excessive bradycardia for their age, and some patients may have hearing loss (congenital deafness), indicating the possibility of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (medscape.com)
An increased corrected QT (QTc) interval in response to standing up ("response to standing" test), which is associated with increased sympathetic tone, can provide more diagnostic information in patients with LQTS. (medscape.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an abnormal feature of the heart's electrical system that can lead to a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia called torsades de pointes (pronounced torsad de pwant). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac disorder which predisposes the mutation carrier to ventricular arrhythmias that can lead to sudden death. (nih.gov)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition marked by a lengthening of the QT interval on an electrocardiogram, typically indicating an excessive lapse between the depolarization and repolarization of the lower chambers of the heart when the organ recharges before the next beat. (nature.com)
He and his colleagues exposed canine heart muscle cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and a handful of other drugs known to cause LQTS and discovered that the drug-induced QT prolongation was actually due to inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, which affects multiple ion channels, not just the potassium one. (nature.com)
We identified a patient with electrophysiologically verified neonatal long QT syndrome (LQTS) and neonatal seizures in the presence of a controlled cardiac rhythm. (nih.gov)
The common form of long QT syndrome (LQTS), Romano-Ward syndrome (RWS), is a heterogeneous, autosomal dominant, genetic disease caused by mutations of ion channel genes involving the cell membranes of the cardiac myocytes. (jci.org)
Clinically, LQTS is identified by abnormal QT interval prolongation on the ECG. (jci.org)
Patients with LQTS are usually identified by QT interval prolongation on the ECG during clinical evaluation of unexplained syncope, as part of a family study when 1 family member has been identified with the syndrome, or in the investigation of patients with congenital neural deafness. (jci.org)
LQTS is a difficult condition to diagnose because some people do not have a visibly prolonged QT interval on an EKG. (heartandstroke.ca)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disease that can cause a dangerous rapid heart rate and irregular rhythm involving the bottom pumping chambers of the heart (ventricles). (rochester.edu)
If your healthcare provider notes that the interval between the Q and T waves of your heartbeat is longer than it should be, you may have LQTS. (rochester.edu)
The long QT syndrome ( LQTS ) is a heart condition associated with prolongation of repolarisation (recovery) following depolarisation (excitation) of the cardiac ventricles. (bionity.com)
Individuals with LQTS have a prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG . (bionity.com)
Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited condition that affects the heart's electrical rhythm and can cause fast, erratic heartbeats. (childrenshospital.org)
Genetic screening also revealed a novel KCNH2 mutation in both fetus and mother indicating type 2 congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS). (springer.com)
Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is a disease of young adults and can affect women of child bearing age. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare inherited or acquired heart condition involving episodes of irregular heartbeats. (snpedia.com)
LQTS can arise from mutations in over ten different genes, but the genes most commonly involved are KCNQ1 (leading to Long QT syndrome 1, aka LQT1), KCNH2 (LQT2), and SCN5A (LQT3). (snpedia.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is usually diagnosed with an electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a picture of the electrical activity of heartbeats. (ucsfhealth.org)
What are the HRS/EHRA guidelines for genetic testing in long QT syndrome (LQTS)? (medscape.com)
Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses of long QT syndrome (LQTS)? (medscape.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) was diagnosed on electrocardiogram obtained soon after birth. (biomedsearch.com)
Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited channelopathy associated with life-threatening arrhythmias. (jci.org)
A new study from Brown University, Providence has revealed that individuals with long QT syndrome (LQTS) are at an increased risk of sudden death due to irregular heartbeats, also known as a cardiac arrhythmias. (medindia.net)
Cardiac tachyarrhythmias may be caused by several hereditary diseases including primary electrical disorders, such as long QT syndrome (LQTS) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Scientists in Australia have now assessed the risk of cardiac events following consumption of energy drinks in patients diagnosed with congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS), a condition that affects 1 in 2000 and that can cause rapid, irregular heartbeat that can lead to sudden death. (news-medical.net)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic abnormality in the heart's electrical system. (sun-sentinel.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a cardiac disorder associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. (biologists.org)
Here, we tested the precision of RMS ECG to assess ventricular repolarization in humans in the setting of drug-induced and congenital Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). (doaj.org)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a hereditary cardiac disease characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval at basal ECG and by a high risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. (cags.org.ae)
In congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS), a genetically heterogeneous disorder that predisposes to sudden cardiac death, genetic factors other than the primary mutation may modify the probability of life-threatening events. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
We tested the hypothesis that common variants in NOS1AP modify the risk of clinical manifestations and the degree of QT interval prolongation in a South African LQTS population (500 subjects, 205 mutation carriers) segregating a founder mutation in KCNQ1 (A341V) using a family-based association analysis. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited disorder of abnormal myocardial repolarization in which there is a high risk for potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
In cases in which no structural heart disease can be identified, the long QT syndromes (LQTS) are now commonly considered as likely causes. (aspetjournals.org)
When a person with LQTS has an ECG test, the QT-Interval recorded on the ECG is prolonged. (irishheart.ie)
Long qt syndrome (lqts) is a congenital disorder of the heart's electrical activity that is characterized by prolongation of the qt interval (delayed repolarization) on an electrocardiogram . (healthtap.com)
Mutations that induce loss of function (LOF) or dysfunction of the human KCNQ1 channel are responsible for susceptibility to a life-threatening heart rhythm disorder, the congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS). (sciencemag.org)
Although a number of approaches (e.g., beta blockers, permanent pacing, left cervicothoracic sympathectomy, ICD implantation) have been proposed as therapeutic options for patients with the congenital long QT syndromes (LQTS), beta blocker therapy has served as the mainstay of treatment for the majority of these patients. (acc.org)
Infants with congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) and 2:1 atrioventricular block (AVB) have been recognized as a clinical subset of children with LQTS. (biomedsearch.com)
Abstract Inheritable long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disease in which delayed ventricular repolarization leads to cardiac arrhythmias and the possibility of sudden death. (ahajournals.org)
Inheritable LQTS is characterized by delayed ventricular repolarization (QT interval of the electrocardiogram) associated with arrhythmia (particularly torsades de pointes), syncope, and cardiac arrest. (ahajournals.org)
12 13 14 15 Genetic linkage mapping of the autosomal-dominant form of LQTS (Romano-Ward syndrome) 16 17 has identified abnormalities in four different chromosomes. (ahajournals.org)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS), characterized by prolonged cardiac repolarization and risk of sudden death, may be inherited or result from adverse drug effects. (harvard.edu)
At baseline the repolarization time was significantly longer in LQTS cells compared to controls. (harvard.edu)
Inherited long QT syndrome (LQTS) is caused by mutations in ion channels that delay cardiac repolarization, increasing the risk of sudden death from ventricular arrhythmias. (sciencemag.org)
Currently, the risk of sudden death in individuals with LQTS is estimated from clinical parameters such as age, gender, and the QT interval, measured from the electrocardiogram. (sciencemag.org)
In this interview EP Lab Digest speaks with Michael J. Ackerman, MD, PhD about his recent research on treadmill stress testing to unmask patients with concealed long QT syndrome (LQTS). (eplabdigest.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a group of disorders that have a prolonged QT interval and a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. (pediatriceducation.org)
Romano-Ward syndrome is an autosomal dominant trait that has LQTS without sensorineural deafness. (pediatriceducation.org)
Jervell and Land-Nielsen syndrome is an autosomal recessive trait that has LQTS with bilateral sensorineural deafness. (pediatriceducation.org)
Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease in which six ion-channel genes have been identified. (springer.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited ion channel disorder manifesting with prolongation of the cardiac repolarization phase and severe ventricular arrhythmias. (springer.com)
The common KCNE1 D85N potassium channel variant prolongs QT interval by inhibiting I Ks (KCNQ1) and I Kr (KCNH2) currents and is therefore a suitable candidate for a modifier gene in LQTS. (springer.com)
We propose that KCNE1 D85N is a sex-specific QT-interval modifier in type 1 LQTS and may also associate with increased severity of disease. (springer.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited arrhythmia disorder associated with risk of torsades de pointes , ventricular fibrillation, and sudden death. (springer.com)
These findings prompted us to study whether KCNE1 D85N would also modify the QT interval and/or the clinical picture in patients with genetically homogeneous forms of LQTS in which the variability caused by the disease-causing mutation itself can be controlled for. (springer.com)
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of beta-blockers in congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS). (diva-portal.org)
Background Variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance between individuals with identical long QT syndrome (LQTS) causative mutations largely remain unexplained. (bmj.com)
We examined the role of a novel synonymous KCNQ1 p.L353L variant on the splicing of exon 8 and on heart rate corrected QT interval (QTc) in a population known to have a pathogenic LQTS type 1 (LQTS1) causative mutation, p.V205M, in KCNQ1 -encoded Kv7.1. (bmj.com)
Through this mechanism, we identified that p.L353L can precipitate QT prolongation by itself and produce a clinically relevant interactive effect in conjunction with other LQTS variants. (bmj.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is characterised by a prolongation of the heart rate corrected QT interval (QTc) on 12-lead ECG and can predispose to syncope, seizures and sudden death if its trademark arrhythmia of torsades de pointes occurs. (bmj.com)
Performed with cardiac evaluation, genetic testing may be used to determine the status of long QT syndrome (LQTS), short QT syndrome (SQTS), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), and Brugada syndrome (BrS) genes from blood, saliva, or tissue specimens, including postmortem samples 1 2 3 . (plos.org)
However, genetic background variations may confound disease traits, especially for disorders with incomplete penetrance, such as long‐QT syndromes (LQTS). (embopress.org)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disorder of cardiac repolarization. (gerboni.net)
Newer genetic forms of LQTS have been identified, too, plus a laboratory test has become available to help in the diagnosis of the syndrome. (gerboni.net)
The two cardinal manifestations of LQTS are syncopal episodes, that may lead to cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death, and electrocardiographic abnormalities, including prolongation of the QT interval and T wave abnormalities. (biomedcentral.com)
The congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a relatively uncommon but important clinical disorder. (biomedcentral.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by inherited or acquired prolonged QT interval on the surface electrocardiogram. (semanticscholar.org)
The acquired form of long QT syndrome (LQTS) is often induced by hypokalemia or drugs. (onlinejacc.org)
In the present report, we describe a female patient with an acquired form of LQTS with no known cause of QT prolongation. (onlinejacc.org)

Risk factors for long QT syndrome include the following: female sex increasing age liver or renal impairment family history of congenital long QT syndrome pre-existing cardiovascular disease electrolyte imbalance: especially hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia concurrent administration of interacting drugs Anorexia nervosa has been associated with sudden death, possibly due to QT prolongation. (wikipedia.org)
In the autosomal recessive mutation of this gene, homozygous mutations lead to severe prolongation of the QT interval (due to near-complete loss of the IKs ion channel), and are associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and congenital deafness. (wikipedia.org)
El-Sherif N, Turitto G, Boutjdir M. Congenital long QT syndrome and torsade de pointes. (medscape.com)
The congenital long QT syndrome Type 3: An update. (medscape.com)
Fatal cardiac arrhythmia and long-QT syndrome in a new form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy with muscle rippling (CGL4) due to PTRF-CAVIN mutations. (medscape.com)
Sodium channel β4 subunit mutation causes congenital long QT syndrome. (medscape.com)
Risk of recurrent cardiac events after onset of menopause in women with congenital long-QT syndrome types 1 and 2. (medscape.com)
Relation of increased short-term variability of QT interval to congenital long-QT syndrome. (medscape.com)
Automated T-wave analysis can differentiate acquired QT prolongation from congenital long QT syndrome. (medscape.com)
Congenital long QT syndrome can be treated, but it can't be "cured" and won't go away on its own. (kidshealth.org)
For children who have congenital long QT syndrome, treatment usually won't make the QT interval shorter. (kidshealth.org)
Skeletal abnormalities, such as short stature and scoliosis are seen in the LQT7 type (Andersen syndrome), and congenital heart diseases, cognitive and behavioral problems, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune dysfunction may be seen in those with LQT8 type (Timothy syndrome). (medscape.com)
The objective of the present study was to examine the association between the symptom status of congenital long QT syndrome mutation carriers and their temperament. (nih.gov)
Congenital long QT syndrome is a genetic disorder encompassing a family of mutations that can lead to aberrant ventricular electrical activity. (springer.com)
Identification of a common genetic substrate underlying postpartum cardiac events in congenital long QT syndrome. (springer.com)
Long QT syndrome is a rare congenital heart condition characterized by prolonged QT intervals and can cause sudden cardiac deaths. (medindia.net)
SADS encompasses a number of clinical entities, including congenital long QT syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, and coronary artery spasm (e.g., from cocaine intoxi cation). (aafp.org)
The application of root mean square electrocardiography (RMS ECG) for the detection of acquired and congenital long QT syndrome. (doaj.org)
The congenital long QT syndrome is a potentially fatal, inherited cardiac syndrome. (annals.org)
Early diagnosis and preventive treatment are instrumental to prevent sudden cardiac death in patients with the congenital long QT syndrome. (annals.org)
To review new insights in genetics and cellular electrophysiology, as well as the current understanding of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the congenital long QT syndrome. (annals.org)
Experimental and clinical studies on the congenital long QT syndrome. (annals.org)
The congenital long QT syndrome is characterized by abnormally prolonged ventricular repolarization, which predisposes patients to syncope, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. (annals.org)
The congenital long QT syndrome may result from inherited defects in cardiac K+ and Na+ channels, which both result in prolongation of the ventricular action potential. (annals.org)
Recent studies suggest that genotype-specific treatment of the congenital long QT syndrome will be feasible in the near future. (annals.org)
The congenital long QT syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by mutations in genes encoding cardiac ion channels. (annals.org)
Non-sustained microvolt level T-wave alternans in congenital long QT syndrome types 1 and 2. (annals.org)
Molecular Pathophysiology of Congenital Long QT Syndrome. (semanticscholar.org)
Although not all patients with congenital long QT syndrome develop symptoms, there is potential for danger. (reachmd.com)
Although not all patients with congenital long QT syndrome develop symptoms, there is potential for dangerous arrhythmia that can cause sudden cardiac death. (reachmd.com)
Congenital long QT syndrome and 2:1 atrioventricular block with a mutation of the SCN5A gene. (biomedsearch.com)
The deleterious effects of clobutinol were suspected when a young boy, with a diagnosis of congenital long QT syndrome, experienced arrhythmias while being treated with this drug. (aspetjournals.org)
Among these, the congenital form of the long QT syndrome (LQT) associates prolonged rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) with recurrent syncope and sudden cardiac death resulting from torsades de pointes tachyarrhythmias. (aspetjournals.org)
BACKGROUND: Congenital long-QT syndrome is a disorder resulting in ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. (uzh.ch)
The long QT interval responsible for torsades de pointes can be congenital or drug-induced. (merckmanuals.com)
At least 10 distinct forms of congenital long QT syndrome have been described. (merckmanuals.com)
In rare patients with 2 abnormal copies of the genetic abnormality (particularly LQT1), the disorder is associated with congenital deafness and, in the past, was referred to as the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (merckmanuals.com)
A family history may suggest a congenital syndrome. (merckmanuals.com)
Although our patient did not present with typical syncope precipitated by emotional or physical stress, [7] the diagnosis of presumptive congenital long QT syndrome was made based on published probability criteria. (asahq.org)
ABSTRACT Congenital long QT syndrome is an inherited disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes to syncope and to sudden death from polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. (mdedge.com)
We can now classify some types of congenital long QT syndrome according to their genetic mutations and their triggers, such as exercise, rest, or startle. (mdedge.com)

Diagnosis is based on an electrocardiogram (EKG) finding a corrected QT interval of greater than 440 to 500 milliseconds together with clinical findings. (wikipedia.org)
The term "long QT" refers to the heart's electrical activity as graphed on an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The cellular mechanism of the lengthened QT interval recorded on the body surface electrocardiogram is prolonged ventricular action potentials. (pnas.org)
A test called an electrocardiogram (EKG) can show how long it takes for the impulse to pass through certain sections of the heart, and how long it takes for the heart muscle cells in the ventricles to recover. (drugs.com)
Prolonged QT intervals are detected with an EKG ( electrocardiogram ). (heartandstroke.ca)
The name, long QT, stems from a reading on the electrocardiogram (ECG) machine. (rochester.edu)
It is named for the prolonged QT interval it causes on an electrocardiogram (ECK or EKG). (childrenshospital.org)
The name comes from a measurement on an electrocardiogram (ECG) called the QT-Interval. (irishheart.ie)
It is characterized by QT prolongation on the 12-lead electrocardiogram, and its trademark dysrhythmia is Torsades de pointes. (eplabdigest.com)
If the event is suspicious, one can proceed with the various electrocardiographic tests such as a 12-lead electrocardiogram, 24-hour Holter monitor, treadmill stress testing, other means of provocative stress testing including an epinephrine QT stress test, and then finally, genetic testing for long QT syndrome. (eplabdigest.com)
and 3) studying the electrocardiogram and assessing the QT interval and the T wave profile with your own eyes rather than relying on the computer, and then based upon your experience and your reference point, deciding whether you have amounted a sufficient index of suspicion that compels you toward or away from that diagnosis. (eplabdigest.com)
The field has known for quite some time that about 30 to 40 percent of all long QT syndrome patients - this includes mostly the relatives, not the index cases - but a good percentage of long QT patients live with what we call "concealed long QT syndrome" or others call "normal QT interval long QT syndrome," in which the patient has long QT, but their 12-lead electrocardiogram does not show it. (eplabdigest.com)
The disorder should be suspected when the electrocardiogram shows characteristic QT abnormalities, or when there is a family history of long QT syndrome or of an event that raises suspicion of long QT syndrome, such as sudden death, syncope, or ill-defined "seizure" disorder. (mdedge.com)
(A) Marked QT prolongation and Torsades de pointes shown in 24-h electrocardiogram traces. (onlinejacc.org)

Long QT syndrome, a rare genetic disorder associated with life-threatening arrhythmias, has provided a wealth of information about fundamental mechanisms underlying human cardiac electrophysiology that has come about because of truly collaborative interactions between clinical and basic scientists. (jci.org)
Autosomal dominant long QT syndrome (LQT) is an inherited disorder that causes syncope and sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias. (jci.org)
When the interval lasts longer than it normally should, it disrupts the timing of your heartbeat and can cause dangerous arrhythmias, or irregular heart rates. (rochester.edu)
The Inherited Cardiac Arrhythmia Program at Boston Children's Hospital specializes in family-based services for children with inherited arrhythmias like long QT syndrome. (childrenshospital.org)
We would like to study as many women who have had a baby who have the long QT syndrome to give us a better idea of whether there are any arrhythmias occurring at the time of delivery. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Private sites, such as QTsyndrome.ch , Long-QT-Syndrome.com , the Cardiac Arrhythmias Research and Education (CARE) Foundation , also deliver useful, though somewhat more personal, information on long QT syndrome. (harvard.edu)
Some cases of sudden infant death syndrome also have been attributed to fatal arrhythmias during sleep. (aafp.org)
These arrhythmias are associated with prolongation of the electrocardiographic QT interval. (aafp.org)
This syndrome is characterized by sudden arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) that may be caused by stress or exercise but may also occur in a seemingly random manner. (laurenshope.com)
Readers will gain a better understanding of why the long QT syndrome has been the focus for numerous theories of arrhythmogenesis, why it has been the test bed for many antiarrhythmic treatments, and why it remains the paradigm for the diagnosis and management of cardiac arrhythmias. (wiley.com)
When something, in this case energy drinks, is ingested by millions of individuals all over the world, a percentage such as 12.5% is no longer small, and the findings deserve careful consideration,' added commentary co-author Federica Dagradi, MD, of the Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano. (news-medical.net)
Long qt syndrome is a risk factor for arrhythmias, and if you are also experiencing chest pain /pressure you do need to see a cardiologist. (healthtap.com)
QT prolongation, a classic risk factor for arrhythmias, can result from a mutation in one of the genes governing cardiac repolarization and also can result from the intake of a medication acting as blocker of the cardiac K + channel human ether-a-go-go -related gene (HERG). (aspetjournals.org)
Although inheritance of the long-QT syndrome is autosomal dominant, female predominance has often been observed and has been attributed to an increased susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias in women. (uzh.ch)
The short QT syndrome (SQTS) is a primary cardiac electrical disease and one of the recent additions of inherited arrhythmias associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). (onlinejacc.org)
However, there are a few exceptions: patients with Timothy syndrome, patients with Jervell Lange-Nielsen syndrome carrying KCNQ1 mutations and LQT3 patients with 2:1 atrio-ventricular block and very early occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias. (biomedcentral.com)

Recently, attention has focused on a group of inherited gene mutations in cardiac ion channels that cause long QT syndrome and carry an increased risk for sudden death. (aafp.org)
Certain medications and medical conditions can also cause Long QT syndrome. (irishheart.ie)
Do antibiotics and heart meds cause long qt syndrome? (healthtap.com)
A molecular basis for cardiac arrhythmia: HERG mutations cause long QT syndrome. (springer.com)
Researchers have found more than 15 genes that cause long QT syndrome, and more are expected to be discovered in the future. (vic.gov.au)
It is not known whether changes in the relative expression of Kv11.1a and Kv11.1a-USO can cause long QT syndrome. (ahajournals.org)

It is a relatively common cause of sudden death along with Brugada syndrome and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. (wikipedia.org)
If there is sudden death, and doctors suspect long QT syndrome as the cause, they may recommend that the family members of the deceased get tested for the disease. (wikipedia.org)
It can lead a person to have dangerous electrolyte imbalances, leading to acquired long QT syndrome and can in turn result in sudden cardiac death. (wikipedia.org)
Long QT syndrome is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young, otherwise healthy, people. (www.nhs.uk)
It can also be an underlying cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) . (www.nhs.uk)
The Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndromes (SADS) Foundation has also produced a guide about acquired, drug-induced long QT syndrome (PDF, 158kb) . (www.nhs.uk)
If your GP thinks you have long QT syndrome, if you have blackouts during exercise, or if you have a family history of unexpected and unexplained sudden death, they may recommend you have an ECG and refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist). (www.nhs.uk)
Sudden infant death syndrome and long QT syndrome: the zealots versus the naysayers. (medscape.com)
Long QT syndrome (LQT) is an abnormality of cardiac muscle repolarization that predisposes affected individuals to a ventricular arrhythmia that can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and cause sudden death ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
Your doctor might order this test if you have a family history of long QT syndrome or a family history of sudden death. (drugs.com)
Cardiac potassium channel dysfunction in sudden infant death syndrome. (springer.com)
If you have long QT syndrome you may have to limit your physical activity, avoid certain medications or have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) to prevent against sudden death. (medmovie.com)
The primary outcome was the time from first presentation with sudden loss of consciousness to a diagnosis of long QT syndrome. (nih.gov)
Some cases are caused by sudden arrhythmia death syndrome. (aafp.org)
A prolonged QT interval is a common thread among the various entities associated with sudden arrhythmia death syndrome. (aafp.org)
Long QT syndrome should be suspected in patients with recurrent syncope during exertion and those with family histories of sudden, unexpected death. (aafp.org)
Unfortunately, not all persons with long QT syndrome have premonitory symptoms or identifiable electrocardiographic abnormalities, and they may first present with sudden death. (aafp.org)
In 1 to 5 percent of deaths, however, no anatomic abnormality can be found, and this group constitutes the newly described "sudden arrhythmia death syndrome" (SADS). (aafp.org)
attenuation of the QT interval is one of most common reasons of US Food and Drug Administration black box warnings or medications being halted in development because of the risk of sudden cardiac death 2 . (taconic.com)
Up to 50% of infants can have sudden prolongation of the P-P interval with no symptomatic or long-term effects. (emra.org)
The risk of sudden death is greater if you have had a previous cardiac arrest, blackouts, a very long QT interval on your ECG or have sodium channel mutations. (irishheart.ie)
In some cases, the heart can beat erratically for so long that it causes sudden death. (healthtap.com)
However, many cases can be diagnosed following warning signs such as sudden fainting spells or a family history that suggest its potential presence and from objective data derived from an ECG, exercise or epinephrine QT stress testing, and genetic testing. (healthcanal.com)
In patients with moderate QT prolongation (a QT interval less than 500 ms), slower activation was an independent predictor for cardiac events (syncope, aborted cardiac arrest, and sudden death) (hazard ratio = 2.10), whereas the length of the QT interval itself was not. (sciencemag.org)
1 Dr. Ackerman is the director of Mayo Clinic's Long QT Syndrome Clinic and the Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory in Rochester, Minnesota. (eplabdigest.com)
It's also being overdiagnosed because of the increase in ECG screening programs or because of a premature rush to judgment for someone who has an ordinary-sounding fainting spell but their QTc is so-called borderline, and all of a sudden it's viewed as long QT syndrome, when all they might have been was a vasovagal fainter with a 90th percentile QTc value. (eplabdigest.com)
Abstract -Mutations in SCN5A , the gene encoding the cardiac Na + channel, have been identified in 2 distinct diseases associated with sudden death: one form of the long-QT syndrome (LQT 3 ) and the Brugada syndrome. (ahajournals.org)
We have screened SCN5A in a large 8-generation kindred characterized by a high incidence of nocturnal sudden death, and QT-interval prolongation and the "Brugada ECG" occurring in the same subjects. (ahajournals.org)
5 Clinically, there appears to be some overlap between the 2 syndromes, as both exhibit a relatively high incidence of nocturnal sudden cardiac death without prior symptoms. (ahajournals.org)
Patients with long QT syndrome are prone to recurrent syncope secondary to torsades de pointes and to sudden death secondary to torsade de pointes degenerating into ventricular fibrillation . (merckmanuals.com)
Long QT syndrome is the most commonly recognised cause of sudden cardiac death in children. (bmj.com)
[8] Although QT-interval prolongation on the resting ECG is the hallmark of the long QT syndrome, as in our patient, it need not be always present, and patients can have symptomatic long QT syndrome manifested by torsades and sudden death with normal Qt intervals. (asahq.org)
Cardiac ion channel mutational analysis is a category of genetic testing used in clinical practice for determining the status of long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and Brugada syndrome genes in blood, saliva, or tissue from patients and family members at risk for cardiac events such as syncope and sudden death. (plos.org)
1 . Clancy CE, Rudy Y (2001) Cellular consequences of HERG mutations in the long QT syndrome: precursors to sudden cardiac death. (yale.edu)
In individuals 1 year of age and older, such a death is referred to as "sudden unexplained death syndrome" (SUDS). (bcmj.org)
2 ] Where no cause of death is identified after a thorough autopsy, scene investigation, and toxicological evaluation, such a death is referred to as "sudden arrhythmic death syndrome" (SADS). (bcmj.org)
2 ] When the autopsy, scene investigation, and toxicology results are negative, such a death is referred to as "sudden infant death syndrome" (SIDS)[ 2 ] ( see box ). (bcmj.org)
In individuals younger than 35 years, including infants, the heritable cardiac arrhythmia disorders, including long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, short QT syndrome, and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), are increasingly recognized as causes of sudden unexplained death. (bcmj.org)
This may cause fainting, seizures or, in some cases, sudden death.Long QT syndrome is a relatively common cause of sudden death in children and young adults. (vic.gov.au)
It is characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval, and a predisposition to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which are associated with syncope, arrhythmic events, and sudden cardiac death (SCD). (gerboni.net)
Short QT syndrome is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death, most likely due to ventricular fibrillation. (wikipedia.org)

These disorders of repolarization are characterized by the ECG abnormalities of prolongation of the QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc), relative bradycardia, T wave abnormalities, and episodic ventricular tachyarrhythmias, particularly torsade de pointes (Fig. 1 ). (aspetjournals.org)
Different QT-interval prolonging drugs caused prolongation of cardiac repolarization by 3-13 % (cisapride), 10-20 % (erythromycin), 8-23 % (sotalol), 16-42 % (quinidine) and 12-27 % (E-4031), but we did not find any systematic differences in sensitivity between the control, LQT1 and LQT2 cell lines. (harvard.edu)
QT-interval prolongation predisposes to arrhythmia by prolonging repolarization, which induces early after-depolarizations and spatial dispersion of refractoriness. (merckmanuals.com)

Electrophysiologic studies were performed in 15 patients with syncope and/or cardiac arrest who had the long QT syndrome and 11 control subjects who had normal QT intervals. (ahajournals.org)
Given the potentially preventable mortality of long QT syndrome, emergency physicians investigating syncope and seizure should maintain a high index of suspicion. (nih.gov)
Prolonged QT is perceived as a clinical specter that is transiently considered on an academic basis when we approach a patient with syncope or order one of the many medications that can elongate the interval. (emra.org)
Some individuals with short QT syndrome frequently complain of palpitations and may have unexplained syncope (loss of consciousness). (wikipedia.org)

Ten of the 13 had an ECG before diagnosis, with unrecognized pulse rate-corrected QT interval prolongation in 8 cases (range 0.47 to 0.65 seconds). (nih.gov)
These are asymptomatic boys and prepubertal girls with a heart rate corrected QT interval persistently less than 470 ms who do not indulge in high risk activities (especially swimming) and do not have a missense mutation in the c-loop region of the KCNQ1 (long QT 1) gene. (bmj.com)
(B) Prolonged QT interval was persistently observed after the initial episodes (corrected QT interval [QTc] 0.70 s 0.5 ). (onlinejacc.org)

Wei H, Wu J, Liu Z. Studying KCNQ1 mutation and drug response in type 1 long QT syndrome using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. (medscape.com)
Alpha-1-syntrophin mutation and the long-QT syndrome: a disease of sodium channel disruption. (medscape.com)
Sometimes the symptoms are caused by not one but several triggers - for example, a genetic mutation combined with a medication that prolongs the QT interval. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Nakashima K, Kusakawa I, Yamamoto T, Hirabayashi S, Hosoya R, Shimizu W, Sumitomo N (2013) A left ventricular noncompaction in a patient with long QT syndrome caused by a KCNQ1 mutation: a case report. (springer.com)
Molecular genetic analysis of long QT syndrome in Norway indicating a high prevalence of heterozygous mutation carriers. (springer.com)
Identical twins with long QT syndrome associated with a missense mutation in the S4 region of the HERG. (springer.com)
Identifying the specific gene mutation in a given patient with long QT syndrome can help guide prophylactic therapy. (aafp.org)
This study demonstrates what we've long suspected in genetic testing circles - that genetic tests are not merely binary tests but are probabilistic tests whereby some test results are going to provide 'no-doubt-about-it' disease mutations, whereas other test results may report a mutation whose pathogenicity is uncertain," says Dr. Ackerman. (healthcanal.com)
The long QT syndrome may also result from the effects of numerous chemically unrelated medications (acquired LQT) in patients with pre-existing normal QT or in patients carrying a long QT gene mutation. (aspetjournals.org)
We show that LQT 3 and the Brugada syndrome are more closely related than heretofore appreciated and can even be caused by the same mutation. (ahajournals.org)
CONCLUSIONS: Positive selection of the mutated alleles that cause the long-QT syndrome leads to transmission distortion, with increased proportions of mutation carriers among the offspring of affected families. (uzh.ch)
Clinical, genetic, and biophysical characterization of a homozygous HERG mutation causing severe neonatal long QT syndrome. (springer.com)
1997. A novel mutation in the potassium channel gene KVLQT1 causes the jervell and Lange-Nielsen cardioauditory syndrome. (springer.com)
Our results indicate a sex-specific QT-prolonging effect for D85N in KCNQ1 mutation carriers. (springer.com)

Sometimes long QT intervals only occur during exercise, at times of intense emotion, or after being startled. (drugs.com)
Since long QT syndrome does not always create longer than normal QT intervals all the time, there's a chance your EKG may be normal even though you have prolonged QT intervals at other times. (drugs.com)
Since some people only have long QT intervals when they exercise, you might be asked to walk or run on a treadmill while hooked up to an EKG machine. (drugs.com)
However, these other family members were asymptomatic, with normal QT intervals on electrocardiography. (springer.com)
RTPK, QTRMS and RMS TW intervals were automatically measured using custom software and compared to traditional QT measures using lead II. (doaj.org)
Individuals with JLNS usually have longer QT intervals as compared with individuals with Romano-Ward syndrome and also have a more malignant course. (aspetjournals.org)
5 6 QT intervals have been reported to be normal in patients with Brugada syndrome. (ahajournals.org)
Comparative evaluation of HERG currents and QT intervals following challenge with suspected torsadogenic and nontorsadogenic drugs. (semanticscholar.org)

Gong Q, Zhou Z. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay of hERG mutations in long QT syndrome. (medscape.com)
Long QT syndrome-associated mutations in the Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain of HERG potassium channels accelerate channel deactivation. (springer.com)
In the families afflicted by short QT syndrome, mutations have been described in three genes, KvLQT1, the human ether-a-go-go gene (HERG), and KCNJ2. (wikipedia.org)

Novel intracellular transport-refractory mutations in KCNH2 identified in patients with symptomatic long QT syndrome. (medscape.com)
We report on two brothers with long QT syndrome caused by compound mutations in the KCNH2 gene inherited from parents who had no prolonged QT interval on electrocardiography. (springer.com)
We report a 37-year-old woman with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation due to digenic inheritance of long QT syndrome type 2 ( KCNH2 gene) and type 6 ( KCNE2 gene). (hindawi.com)
This case report is to our knowledge the first to describe the digenic inheritance of long QT syndrome type 2 ( KCNH2 gene) and type 6 ( KCNE2 gene). (hindawi.com)
The most common forms of the long-QT syndrome, types 1 and 2, are caused by mutations in the potassium-channel genes KCNQ1 and KCNH2, respectively. (uzh.ch)
Mutations in the KCNH2, KCNJ2, and KCNQ1 genes cause short QT syndrome. (wikipedia.org)

In some individuals, the diagnosis is made when an ECG shows QT prolongation. (medscape.com)
The diagnosis is usually made after you've had a standard EKG that shows a long QT interval. (drugs.com)
In recent years there has been considerable interest in the diagnosis and understanding of ventricular repolarisation, particularly the QT interval prolongation and abnormal T and T/U wave morphology associated with torsades de pointes. (wiley.com)
Prenatal diagnosis and management of fetal long QT syndrome. (springer.com)
Prenatal diagnosis of Long-QT syndrome is indicated in very exceptional situations only and is asked for extremely rarely. (nature.com)
Electrophysiologic studies are of limited value in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with the long QT syndrome. (ahajournals.org)
Delayed diagnosis of long QT syndrome is frequent. (nih.gov)
Choose the style you prefer, and we will engrave it with your Long QT Syndrome diagnosis, medications, treatment considerations, and other pertinent information. (laurenshope.com)
In any kind of emergency, caused by your heart condition or not, those treating you must know about your Long QT Syndrome diagnosis immediately so they may monitor and provide appropriate treatment for you in the most efficient and effective manner. (laurenshope.com)
The proband, an 11-year-old boy, received a diagnosis of a long QT duration in 1997. (aspetjournals.org)
only 4 years ago, we published a paper in Circulation showing that 40 percent of the unrelated patients who came with a diagnosis of long QT syndrome to Mayo Clinic's Long QT Syndrome Clinic left with that diagnosis. (eplabdigest.com)
As well as providing emotional support, they can help you to understand long QT syndrome and what causes it, how it is inherited, and what a diagnosis means for your or your child's health and development, and for your family. (vic.gov.au)

Long QT syndrome is usually caused by a faulty gene inherited from a parent. (www.nhs.uk)
Genetic testing may be needed to identify the defective gene causing long QT syndrome. (www.nhs.uk)
But I have to get my daughters checked for the gene to see if they too have a risk of developing LQT syndrome. (telegraph.co.uk)
Comparative genome hybridization (CGH) was done to exclude the possibility of a contiguous gene syndrome. (nih.gov)
It is an autosomal dominant inherited condition - meaning you can have a long QT if you inherit one abnormal gene from either parent. (drugs.com)
There are eight types of LQT syndrome based on the gene in which causative mutations occur. (cags.org.ae)
SCN5A, the gene that encodes the human cardiac Na + channel α subunit, 1 is mutated in one form of the long-QT syndrome (LQT 3 ) and in Brugada syndrome. (ahajournals.org)
With a prevalence of 1 in 2000, family screening is identifying large numbers of hitherto asymptomatic gene carriers in the community, about a third of whom have a normal QT interval. (bmj.com)
If you have long QT syndrome, the chance of passing the changed gene on to your child is 50 per cent for each pregnancy, regardless of the sex of the child. (vic.gov.au)
Sometimes the long QT gene change occurs at the time of the formation of the egg or the sperm for that child only (this is called a de novo gene change). (vic.gov.au)
Long-QT syndrome has been subdivided into types based on the gene in which causative mutations occur. (biomedcentral.com)

A wide variety of drugs may lengthen the QT interval. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
More than 50 medications are known to lengthen the QT interval and upset the heart rhythm. (drugs.com)
Over 100 different medications can lengthen the QT interval (drug-induced long QT syndrome). (heartandstroke.ca)

Cardiologists believe Mr Mitchell suffered from a rare heart rhythm disorder, Long QT syndrome, which can induce cardiac arrest when triggered by exertion or adrenaline. (telegraph.co.uk)
Long QT syndrome is a disorder of the heart's electrical system. (hubpages.com)
The Doctors and cardiothoracic surgeon Dr. Kathy Magliato explain what long QT syndrome is and treatments available for the disorder. (thedoctorstv.com)
Biton studies long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3), a rare heart rhythm disorder that causes young people to die suddenly. (rochester.edu)
People with this disorder have a longer QT interval than other people. (ucsfhealth.org)
Long QT Syndrome is a heart disorder involving the electrical impulses that control the heart's activity. (laurenshope.com)
Prolonged qt is a rare, but very serious medical disorder. (healthtap.com)
Long qt syndrome (disorder of the heart's electrical system) has been reported by people with depression, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation/flutter, dementia alzheimer's type, bipolar disorder ( latest reports from 1,225 Long qt syndrome patients ). (ehealthme.com)
Treating an Adolescent with Long QT Syndrome for Bipolar Disorder: A Case Presentation. (semanticscholar.org)

Our work shows that a common drug not identified previously as a QT-prolonging drug can precipitate the LQT2 syndrome. (aspetjournals.org)

In this volume, arrhythmia specialists from St. George's Hospital Medical School, London discuss the mechanisms behind QT prolongation and torsades de pointes. (wiley.com)
Torsades de pointes is a specific form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in patients with a long QT interval. (merckmanuals.com)
Drug-Induced Long-QT and Torsades de Pointes in Elderly Polymedicated Patients. (semanticscholar.org)

This variant of LQT1 is known as the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
The two best understood inherited long QT syndromes are the Romano-Ward syndrome and the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (drugs.com)
The Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome is rare. (drugs.com)
The Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited condition - meaning that you need to inherit two abnormal genes, one from each parent, to get this syndrome. (drugs.com)
Pregnant women with diagnoses of Long QT Syndrome, Romano Ward and Jervell - Lange Nielson Syndrome who delivered at BC Women's Hospital or St Paul's Hospital. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Interestingly, some studies have reported up to 4% of patients who have sensorineural hearing loss to have Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, but a 2013 study of patients with sensorineural hearing problems identified in statewide newborn hearing screening program found no cases of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (pediatriceducation.org)
Jervell and Lange-Nielson syndrome - this form is rare and also causes deafness. (vic.gov.au)
they are referred to as the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (J-LN) and as the Romano-Ward syndrome (R-W), respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

LQT1 is the most common type of long QT syndrome, making up about 40 to 55 percent of all cases. (bionity.com)

Riproduci file multimediale Many people with long QT syndrome have no signs or symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Some people with long QT syndrome don't have any symptoms. (www.nhs.uk)
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Long QT Syndrome? (kidshealth.org)
Some kids with long QT syndrome have no symptoms. (kidshealth.org)
A prolonged QT interval does not cause symptoms. (drugs.com)
Up to 50% of people with Long QT Syndrome never have any symptoms. (irishheart.ie)
How do the symptoms differ in anxiety vs long qt syndrome? (healthtap.com)
Medication for symptoms such as a small amount of codeine to help with sleeping was not encouraged because of the long QT syndrome. (pediatriceducation.org)
If you take Doxycycline and have Long qt syndrome, find out what symptoms you could have in 1 year or longer. (ehealthme.com)
Check symptoms - is long qt syndrome caused by a drug or a condition? (ehealthme.com)
Only the proband had a history of syncopes, while the other three individuals with long QT interval had no symptoms. (springer.com)
About one third of people who have long QT syndrome do not have any symptoms. (vic.gov.au)
It consists of a constellation of signs and symptoms, consisting of a short QT interval on an EKG (≤ 300 ms) that does not significantly change with heart rate, tall and peaked T waves, and a structurally normal heart. (wikipedia.org)

Long QT syndrome is an uncommon inherited condition - meaning it's caused by genes passed on to you from your parents. (drugs.com)
The long QT syndrome has become the focus of considerable scientific attention in recent years because of the discovery of several genes responsible for its development. (wiley.com)
Long QT is caused by a change in one of at least fifteen different genes. (vic.gov.au)
Genetic testing for long QT syndrome involves testing for six common genes that are known to be associated with the condition. (vic.gov.au)

The QT interval prolongation may arise from either a decrease in repolarizing cardiac membrane currents or an increase in depolarizing cardiac currents late in the cardiac cycle. (jci.org)
Less commonly, QT interval prolongation results from prolonged depolarization due to a small persistent inward "leak" in cardiac sodium (Na + ) current, I Na ( 3 ) (Figure 1 A). (jci.org)

These mutations tend to prolong the duration of the ventricular action potential (APD), thus lengthening the QT interval. (wikipedia.org)

Beta-blocker therapy for long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: Are all beta-blockers equivalent? (medscape.com)

Locus heterogeneity of autosomal dominant long QT syndrome. (jci.org)
Increased maternal transmission of the long-QT syndrome mutations to daughters was also observed, possibly contributing to the excess of female patients with autosomal dominant long-QT syndrome. (uzh.ch)

Cardiac Risk in the Young has published a list of medications that people with long QT syndrome should avoid . (www.nhs.uk)
In people with long QT syndrome, the interval lasts longer than it should because heart muscle cells are having trouble getting ready for the next contraction. (drugs.com)
People with long QT syndrome may not always show an abnormally long QT interval on an EKG. (drugs.com)
medications - beta blockers are effective for 90 per cent of people with long QT syndrome. (vic.gov.au)

Schwartz PJ, Crotti L, Insolia R. Long-QT syndrome: from genetics to management. (medscape.com)

Long QT syndrome may be due to a heart condition someone is born with or from taking certain medications resulting in delayed electrical activity when the heart beats, causing fast, chaotic heartbeats that can be life-threatening. (heart.org)
Long QT Syndrome is a condition that affects the heart's electrical system and may cause fast, chaotic heartbeats. (medmovie.com)
A person with long QT syndrome may experience fast, erratic heartbeats when exercising, or at times of emotional excitement. (vic.gov.au)

The machine records your heart's electrical activity, which can show a prolonged QT-Interval. (irishheart.ie)

The phenomenon of "QT stunning": The abnormal QT prolongation provoked by standing persists even as the heart rate returns to normal in patients with long QT syndrome. (medscape.com)
When this interval takes longer than it should, it changes the timing of the heartbeat and can cause an abnormal or dangerous rhythm. (kidshealth.org)
This disruption in ion transport alters the way the heart beats, leading to the abnormal heart rhythm characteristic of short QT syndrome. (wikipedia.org)

Acquired long QT syndrome is the result of conditions, medications or events that prolong the QT interval. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A new study suggests that the way certain medications trigger a hazardous side effect known as 'long QT syndrome' is more complex than previously thought-a finding that could necessitate changes to drug candidate screening. (nature.com)
If such an adjuvant is successful, that could not only ensure continued use of current medications, but could mean that drugs and drug candidates that were shelved for prolonging the QT interval could be dusted off and reintroduced. (nature.com)
in these individuals, the QT interval may prolong with the administration of certain medications. (bionity.com)
Several antibiotics and antiarrhythmic medications, and other medications, can prolong the qt interval on the ECG increasing the risk for certain, potetially life threatening, heart rhythms. (healthtap.com)
What Medications Should Be Avoided with Long QT Syndrome? (pediatriceducation.org)

Late sodium current block for drug-induced Long-QT syndrome: results from a prospective clinical trial. (prezi.com)
In this study we present clinical and genetic data of a single large SCN5A -linked family, phenotypically characterized by nocturnal death and electrocardiographically by both LQT 3 and Brugada syndrome features in the same patients. (ahajournals.org)
Objectives The purpose of this study was to define the clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up of pediatric patients with short QT syndrome (SQTS). (onlinejacc.org)
The clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis in young patients have not been reported. (onlinejacc.org)

Once admitted to hospital, tests showed that Long QT syndrome was hereditary on her father's side. (telegraph.co.uk)
Since 1975 [ 1 ] it includes under the unifying name of "Long QT syndrome" two hereditary variants. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition to a prolonged QT interval, which occurs in some but not all persons with long QT syndrome, another characteristic electrocardiographic abnormality is the so-called Brugada sign (an upward deflection of the terminal portion of the QRS complex). (aafp.org)
Patients with specific reasons for prolongation of the QT interval were excluded from further (electrocardiographic) analysis. (ahajournals.org)
THE inhaled anesthetics enflurane, halothane, and isoflurane prolong the electrocardiographic QT interval in healthy patients. (asahq.org)

Similarly, thiopental prolongs QT interval in healthy patients [5] but had no effect in patients with long QT syndrome. (asahq.org)

A number of drugs are known to cause QT prolongation (e.g., terfenadine), as are hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, myocarditis, and endocrine and nutritional disorders. (aafp.org)
Hypokalemia and drugs cause QT prolongation via reduction in the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifier K + currents (I Kr ). (onlinejacc.org)

LQT 3 and Brugada syndrome are allelic disorders but may also share a common genotype. (ahajournals.org)
10 Although functional abnormalities have been described for Brugada syndrome-related SCN5A mutant channels, 3 11 the mechanism(s) whereby these explain the Brugada phenotype are less clear. (ahajournals.org)

Each part of the beat is mapped on a graph and has a name - P, Q, R, S, and T. Long QT is an abnormally long interval between the Q and T points of the pattern on an EKG. (heartandstroke.ca)

Currently, some individuals with short QT syndrome have had implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) as a preventive action, although it has not been demonstrated that heart problems have occurred before deciding to implant an ICD. (wikipedia.org)

Because long QT syndrome can be a lifelong condition, kids who have it will need regular checkups with a cardiologist (a doctor who specializes in treating heart problems). (kidshealth.org)
Kids with long QT syndrome should always check with their cardiologist to find out which medicines are safe to take. (kidshealth.org)
If you are found to have long QT syndrome, your biological family members are encouraged to visit a cardiologist to have their heart checked. (vic.gov.au)

Long QT syndrome is an inherited heart rhythm problem where the heart muscle takes longer than normal to recharge between beats. (www.nhs.uk)
In some cases of long QT syndrome, surgery may be needed to control the flow of chemicals into the heart. (www.nhs.uk)
Abnormalities in the heart cells can slow the process of electrical recharging, prolonging the QT interval as shown on an ECG. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
I think at the time they probably thought he suffered a heart attack caused by the laughter but doctors realised he died from a cardiac arrest caused by LQT syndrome after examining me. (telegraph.co.uk)
The upper time limit of the QT interval accounts for age, sex, regularity and speed of the heart rate. (hubpages.com)
In long QT syndrome, an individual is predisposed to abnormally fast heart rate. (medmovie.com)
It involves the insertion of a long thin flexible tube called catheter a vein or an artery to the heart. (medindia.net)
Heart conditions such as Long QT Syndrome are serious medical issues, and this one is potentially life-threatening. (laurenshope.com)
If you or someone you love has a heart condition such as Long QT Syndrome, medical ID jewelry is imperative. (laurenshope.com)
In patients who have this syndrome, the heart works perfectly as a muscle and a pump, but its built-in electrical system has a glitch, causing it to recharge itself too slowly and inefficiently in preparation for the next beat. (sun-sentinel.com)
ECG between episodes shows a long QT interval after correction for heart rate (QTc). (merckmanuals.com)
Although the initial ECG was entirely normal, with a QT interval of 362 ms (QT interval corrected for heart rate, QTc of 396 ms), recording was continued. (asahq.org)
Nadolol, 80 mg orally, twice daily, reduced heart rate to 50 beats/min, while decreasing the number of runs of ventricular tachycardia to 151 per day, with a longest run of 18 beats. (asahq.org)
Short QT syndrome is a genetic disease of the electrical system of the heart. (wikipedia.org)

What are the types of long QT syndrome? (childrenshospital.org)

A consecutive case series of patients with long QT syndrome was identified through the Cardiac Inherited Disease Registry in New Zealand between 2000 and 2005. (nih.gov)
Most patients with long qt syndrome receive medication and some require an internal defibrillator. (healthtap.com)

The syndrome was familial in five patients and idiopathic in 10. (ahajournals.org)
Intravenous propranolol did not influence the QT interval measured at fixed atrial-paced cycle lengths in patients with either the familial or idiopathic form of the syndrome. (ahajournals.org)
[6] We recently anesthetized a young woman with idiopathic long QT syndrome. (asahq.org)

Currently, the preclinical tests required by the US Food and Drug Administration to screen for QT prolongation primarily focus on potassium channel blocking. (nature.com)
Beta blockers, potassium supplements, and implantable defibrillators have been used for treatment of long QT syndrome. (aafp.org)
A current hypothesis is that short QT syndrome is due to increased activity of outward potassium currents in phase 2 and 3 of the cardiac action potential. (wikipedia.org)

The mainstay of treatment is long term uninterrupted beta blocker therapy, a treatment with many potential side effects. (bmj.com)

What Causes Long QT Syndrome? (kidshealth.org)

Anatomy9

Organisms1

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Named Groups1

Health Care4

Geographicals1

Genomic organization of the KCNQ1 K+ channel gene and identification of C-terminal mutations in the long-QT syndrome. (1/1293)

Ion channels: structure of a molecular brake. (2/1293)

Homozygous deletion in KVLQT1 associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (3/1293)

C-terminal HERG mutations: the role of hypokalemia and a KCNQ1-associated mutation in cardiac event occurrence. (4/1293)

Cellular and ionic basis for T-wave alternans under long-QT conditions. (5/1293)

Mutations in a dominant-negative isoform correlate with phenotype in inherited cardiac arrhythmias. (6/1293)

Prolonged QT interval predicts cardiac and all-cause mortality in the elderly. The Rotterdam Study. (7/1293)

Long QT syndrome-associated mutations in the Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain of HERG potassium channels accelerate channel deactivation. (8/1293)

Long QT Syndrome

KCNQ1 Potassium Channel

Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels

Torsades de Pointes

Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated

KCNQ Potassium Channels

NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel

Romano-Ward Syndrome

Syndrome

Electrocardiography

Mexiletine

Syncope

Death, Sudden, Cardiac

Arrhythmias, Cardiac

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents

Sodium Channels

Mutation

Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome

Potassium Channels

Cation Transport Proteins

Heart Conduction System

Channelopathies

Brugada Syndrome

Mutation, Missense

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists

Cisapride

Bradycardia

Sympathectomy

Heart Arrest

Astemizole

Action Potentials

Pedigree

Flecainide

Syndactyly

Genetic Testing

Nadolol

Patch-Clamp Techniques

Phenotype

Ventricular Premature Complexes

Tachycardia, Ventricular

Heart

Acetanilides

Ion Channel Gating

Atrioventricular Block

Electrocardiography, Ambulatory

Heart Rate

Quinidine

Myocytes, Cardiac

Electrophysiology

Genotype

Defibrillators, Implantable

Potassium Channel Blockers

DNA Mutational Analysis

Down Syndrome

Sodium Channel Blockers

Metabolic Syndrome X

Bepridil

Death, Sudden

HEK293 Cells

Models, Cardiovascular

Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels

Heart Ventricles

Heterozygote

Genetic Predisposition to Disease

Nicorandil

Methoxamine

Sotalol

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11

Cnidarian Venoms

Family Health

Propranolol

Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

Ventricular Fibrillation

Trans-Activators

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial

Sudden Infant Death

Muscle Proteins

Risk Factors

Risk Assessment