Lice Infestations
Pediculus
Ectoparasitic Infestations
Phthiraptera
Copepoda
Dimethylpolysiloxanes
Malathion
Hair Preparations
Insecticides
Ivermectin
Pyrethrins
Aquaculture
Lindane
Anoplura
Insect Control
The epidemiology of head lice and scabies in the UK. (1/178)
Anecdotal evidence suggests that the prevalence of both scabies and head lice is increasing and also that both conditions are becoming refractory to pesticide treatment. Using information obtained from the Office of National Statistics, Royal College of General Practitioners Weekly Returns Service, Department of Health, local surveys of school children from Bristol and drug sales of insecticides, we have confirmed that there has been a rise in the prevalence of both conditions. We have shown that scabies is significantly more prevalent in urbanized areas (P < 0.00001), north of the country (P < 0.000001), in children and women (P < 0.000001) and commoner in the winter compared to the summer. Scabies was also shown to have a cyclical rise in incidence roughly every 20 years. Head lice were shown to be significantly more prevalent in children and mothers (P < 0.000001) though both conditions were seen in all age groups. Head lice were also less common during the summer. Host behaviour patterns, asymptomatic carriage, drug resistance and tourism from countries or districts with a higher incidence may be important factors in the currently high prevalence of both scabies and head lice. (+info)Infestation status of head louse and treatment with lindane shampoo in children of primary school and kindergarten in Chinju-shi, Kyongsangnam-do, Korea. (2/178)
The infestation status of head louse among children attending primary schools and kindergartens in Chinju-shi, Kyongsangnam-do, Korea, was investigated between June and July 1999. Out of 2,288 children examined, 3.9% of boys (48/1,242) and 23.5% of girls (246/1,046) were infested with nits or adult/nymphs of lice. The effectiveness of lindane shampoo (1% gamma benzene hexachloride solution) was evaluated after one or two time applications to all the children infested. The negative conversion rate of pediculosis was 93.5%. Effective control measures are needed to control and prevent such ectoparasite infestation amongst children. (+info)Arbovirus of marine mammals: a new alphavirus isolated from the elephant seal louse, Lepidophthirus macrorhini. (3/178)
A novel alphavirus was isolated from the louse Lepidophthirus macrorhini, collected from southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, on Macquarie Island, Australia. The virus displayed classic alphavirus ultrastructure and appeared to be serologically different from known Australasian alphaviruses. Nearly all Macquarie Island elephant seals tested had neutralizing antibodies against the virus, but no virus-associated pathology has been identified. Antarctic Division personnel who have worked extensively with elephant seals showed no serological evidence of exposure to the virus. Sequence analysis illustrated that the southern elephant seal (SES) virus segregates with the Semliki Forest group of Australasian alphaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of known alphaviruses suggests that alphaviruses might be grouped according to their enzootic vertebrate host class. The SES virus represents the first arbovirus of marine mammals and illustrates that alphaviruses can inhabit Antarctica and that alphaviruses can be transmitted by lice. (+info)Prevalence of sucking and chewing lice on cattle entering feedlots in southern Alberta. (4/178)
Beef calves from 2 sources entering southern Alberta feedlots in the winters of 1997-98 and 1998-99, were surveyed for the presence of lice. A random sample of multiple source (MS), that is, auction market-derived, calves entering commercial feedlots and single source (SS) calves entering a backgrounding feedlot were examined for the presence of lice at entry to the feedlot. A standardized examination, which involved hair-part examination of 8 louse predilection sites, was conducted on each selected calf to determine prevalence and intensity of infestation. The long-nosed sucking louse, Linognathus vituli, was the most commonly encountered species. This species infested from 57.8% to 95.6% of the calves selected from both MS and SS calves during both winters. Louse index values, indicating intensity of infestation, for L. vituli ranged from 1 to 243 lice per animal. The chewing louse, Bovicola bovis, was present on MS and SS calves only in the winter of 1998-99. The louse index values for B. bovis ranged from 1 to 230 lice per animal. Mixed infestations of the L. vituli and B. bovis were common. The little blue cattle louse, Solenopotes capillatus, was present only on the SS calves in the winter of 1997-98. The short-nosed sucking louse, Haematopinus eurysternus, was present at very low intensities, 1-2 lice per animal, on 2.6% to 4.4% of the MS calves during both winters. Comparison of results from the current study with published literature suggests that efforts to determine the economic impact of louse infestations are confounded by the lack of a uniform method to assess louse population levels. (+info)The role of community pharmacists in prescribing medication for the treatment of head lice. (5/178)
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to discover whether the use of community pharmacy, rather than general practice, as the first port of call for suspected head lice infestation would represent an acceptable, effective and cost-reducing means of management in the community. METHODS: A before-and-after study was carried out of a new system of care delivery. Between September and November 1997, pharmacists in Nottingham City West recorded details of all patients attending with prescriptions for head lice treatment or those purchasing over-the-counter medication. The new system of care delivery began in January 1998, during which, pharmacists were providing advice and treatment for head lice, in the absence of a referral from general practice. Changes in prescribing behaviour were assessed from Prescribing Analysis and Cost (PACT) data. Acceptability and subjective assessment of the scheme (patients and professionals) was gauged from questionnaires. RESULTS: Referral patterns were altered drastically (away from general practice and towards self-referral) by the project, and the changes were apparent within the first month. This trend continued throughout and beyond the formal evaluation period. Cost analysis suggests that the community pharmacy scheme generates resource savings, largely driven by the lower cost of a pharmacy consultation, as opposed to a GP consultation. Questionnaire evidence suggests that both patients and health care professionals viewed the new arrangement as at least as acceptable as the old. CONCLUSION: With respect to the original objective, the new delivery system appears to provide no evidence of ineffectiveness; evidence of acceptability on the part of the majority of patients and professionals; and evidence of improved cost-effectiveness. (+info)Morphology of the leather defect light flecks and spots. (6/178)
The skin histology and the scanning electron microscope morphology of the hide defect light flecks and spots after tanning were studied in 11 steers infested with biting lice (Damalinia bovis). Nine steers from herds free of lice were used as controls. Skin biopsies from 6 of the animals in the lice infested group showed mild to moderate hyperkeratosis and moderate perivascular to diffuse dermatitis with infiltration of mainly mononuclear cells and some eosinophilic granulocytes. The steers were slaughtered at an age of 18 to 23 months. Light flecks and spots occurred on all examined hides from the infested group after tanning. No examined hides from the control group demonstrated similar damage. Both light microscopic examination of sections of tanned hide with light flecks and spots and scanning electron microscopy of the same defects showed superficial grain loss and craters with a irregular fibre base encircled by smooth and intact grain. The association between louse infestation at an early age and damage of hides following slaughter 6 to 15 months later, suggested that louse infestations lead to a prolonged or lifelong weakening in the dermis. This weakening may cause superficial grain loss during the tanning process. (+info)Eradication of lice in cattle. (7/178)
The purpose of this field study was to develop and evaluate eradication as a strategy to control lice in cattle. Thirty-three herds of cattle were selected and observed during a period of two and a half years. Before eradication, biting lice (Damalinia bovis) were present in 94% of the herds and 27% of the animals. Sucking lice (Linognathus vituli) were present in 42% of the herds and 5% of the animals. These levels were very similar to those reported from other countries in Northern Europe. The eradication strategy was successful in 28 of 33 herds, but lice were still present in 5 herds 3 to 6 months after treatment. Biting lice were present in all these 5 herds, sucking lice were present in 3 herds. During the next 12 months, nine of the 28 herds were reinfected with lice. Six herds were reinfected with just biting lice, 2 herds with just sucking lice and one herd was reinfected with both. There was no significant difference between the 2 louse species regarding the risk of unsuccessful eradication or reinfection. The only significant risk factor for reinfection was either purchase of livestock or use of common pasture, combined with failure in pre-treatment of newly introduced animals. (+info)Variation in the level of grain defect light flecks and spots on cattle hides. (8/178)
The occurrence of hide damage light flecks and spots was determined on tanned hides from 28 herds during a period of 8 to 12 months. Light flecks and spots are described as small areas of grain loss up to 3 mm in diameter that are seen on dyed crust cattle leather. Damage was found on 75.8% of all hides. The neck and shoulders were the anatomical region with the highest prevalence of damage. Sixty-eight per cent of all hides had light flecks and spots in this region. The forelimbs and dewlap were the anatomical region with the second highest occurrence with a prevalence of 39.1%. This distribution corresponded to the known distribution of lice in cattle. No significant differences were observed in age, sex, prevalence of lice in the herd assessed in March or infestations with different lice species. The frequency of light flecks and spots varied significantly during the year. The frequency was highest in the late winter and early spring, decreased significantly during the summer and was lowest in the autumn. This variation supported the importance of lice in the development of light flecks and spots and suggested a relatively long healing period for the damages induced by lice. (+info)Lice infestations refer to the presence of parasitic insects, known as lice, on the human body. These infestations can affect both children and adults and are typically caused by head lice, body lice, or pubic lice. Lice feed on human blood and can cause itching, inflammation, and skin irritation.
There are three main types of lice infestations:
1. Head lice infestations: These are the most common type of lice infestation and affect the hair and scalp. Head lice are small, wingless insects that feed on human blood.
2. Body lice infestations: These affect the skin and clothing, and are typically found in areas where hygiene is poor or where individuals are unable to keep their bodies clean.
3. Pubic lice infestations: These affect the pubic area and are typically spread through sexual contact.
Lice infestations can be treated with over-the-counter or prescription medications, such as permethrin or ivermectin. In addition to treating the infestation, it is important to also treat any underlying conditions that may be contributing to the infestation, such as poor hygiene or malnutrition.
In addition to these medical definitions, there are also several slang terms and phrases that are used to describe lice infestations, including "cooties," "nitwits," and "pediculosis." These terms are often used in a derogatory manner to refer to individuals who have lice infestations.
It's important to note that lice infestations can be a source of embarrassment and stigma, and individuals who have them may be subject to social exclusion or discrimination. However, it is important to remember that lice infestations are a common condition that can affect anyone, regardless of their background or socioeconomic status.
Overall, the medical definition of lice infestations refers to the presence of parasitic insects on the human body, and the condition can be treated with medication and good hygiene practices. It's important to approach individuals with lice infestations with compassion and understanding, rather than stigma or discrimination.
Some common types of scalp dermatoses include:
1. Dandruff: A chronic condition characterized by flaky, white scales on the scalp.
2. Psoriasis: An autoimmune disorder that causes red, itchy patches on the scalp.
3. Eczema: A chronic skin condition characterized by dryness, itching, and inflammation.
4. Contact dermatitis: A skin reaction caused by exposure to an allergen or irritant, leading to redness, itching, and blisters.
5. Seborrheic dermatitis: A condition characterized by a yellowish, oily discharge on the scalp.
6. Pityriasis simplex: A condition characterized by small, scaling patches on the scalp.
7. Tinea capitis: A fungal infection of the scalp that can cause itching, redness, and scaling.
8. Cradle cap (infantile seborrheic dermatitis): A condition that affects newborn babies, causing yellowish, oily scales on the scalp.
Scalp dermatoses can be diagnosed through a physical examination of the scalp and may require further testing such as blood work or skin scrapings to rule out other conditions. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and can include medicated shampoos, topical creams or ointments, antifungal medications, and lifestyle changes such as reducing stress and using gentle hair care products.
In summary, scalp dermatoses are conditions that affect the skin on the scalp, and can cause a range of symptoms such as itching, redness, scaling, and inflammation. Common types of scalp dermatoses include dandruff, psoriasis, eczema, contact dermatitis, pityriasis simplex, tinea capitis, and cradle cap. Diagnosis is through physical examination and may require further testing, while treatment options vary depending on the specific condition.
Ectoparasitic Infestations can be caused by various factors such as poor hygiene, close contact with infected individuals, or exposure to areas where the parasites are present. They can be diagnosed through physical examination and medical tests, such as blood tests or skin scrapings.
Treatment for Ectoparasitic Infestations depends on the type of parasite and the severity of the infestation. Common treatments include insecticides, medicated shampoos, and topical creams or lotions. In some cases, oral medications may be prescribed to treat more severe infestations.
Prevention is key in avoiding Ectoparasitic Infestations. This includes practicing good hygiene, using protective clothing and gear when outdoors, and avoiding close contact with individuals who have known infestations. Regularly inspecting and cleaning living spaces can also help prevent the spread of these parasites.
In conclusion, Ectoparasitic Infestations are a common health issue that can cause a range of health problems. Diagnosis and treatment depend on the type of parasite and the severity of the infestation, while prevention involves practicing good hygiene and taking precautions to avoid close contact with individuals who have known infestations.
Mite infestations refer to the presence and growth of mites on or inside the human body, often causing symptoms such as itching, redness, and inflammation. Mites are tiny, eight-legged arachnids that can live on the skin, in hair follicles, or in bedding and clothing.
Types of Mite Infestations:
1. Scabies Mite Infestation: caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows into the skin and lays eggs, leading to intense itching and rashes.
2. Demodex Mite Infestation: caused by the Demodex folliculorum or Demodex brevis mites, which live in hair follicles and can cause papules, pustules, and rosacea-like symptoms.
3. Cheyletiella Mite Infestation: caused by the Cheyletiella galinae mite, which lives on the skin and can cause itching and scaling.
4. Gamasoid Mite Infestation: caused by the Gamasoid falcatus mite, which can live in bedding and clothing and cause itching and rashes.
Symptoms of Mite Infestations:
1. Intensive itching, especially at night
2. Redness and inflammation
3. Papules, pustules, or nodules
4. Crusted lesions or sores
5. Hair loss or thinning
6. Fatigue or fever
7. Skin thickening or pigmentation
Diagnosis of Mite Infestations:
1. Physical examination and medical history
2. Allergic patch testing
3. Skin scrapings or biopsy
4. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings or biopsy samples
5. Blood tests to rule out other conditions
Treatment of Mite Infestations:
1. Topical creams, lotions, or ointments (e.g., crotamiton, permethrin, or malathion)
2. Oral medications (e.g., antihistamines, corticosteroids, or antibiotics)
3. Home remedies (e.g., applying heat, using oatmeal baths, or massaging with coconut oil)
4. Environmental measures (e.g., washing and drying bedding and clothing in hot water, using a dehumidifier, or replacing carpets with hard flooring)
5. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for intravenous medication and wound care.
Prevention of Mite Infestations:
1. Avoid exposure to areas where mites are common, such as gardens or woodpiles.
2. Use protective clothing and gear when outdoors.
3. Regularly wash and dry bedding and clothing in hot water.
4. Dry clean or heat-treat items that can't be washed.
5. Use a dehumidifier to reduce humidity levels in the home.
6. Replace carpets with hard flooring.
7. Regularly vacuum and dust, especially in areas where mites are common.
8. Avoid sharing personal items, such as bedding or clothing, with others.
9. Use mite-repellent products, such as mattress and pillow covers, on bedding.
10. Consider using a professional mite exterminator if infestations are severe or widespread.
Synonyms: tick bites, tick infestations, tick-borne illnesses, tick-transmitted diseases.
Antonyms: none.
Types of Tick Infestations:
1. Lyme disease: Caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted through the bite of an infected blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis). Symptoms include fever, headache, and a distinctive skin rash.
2. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: Caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, which is transmitted through the bite of an infected American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis). Symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash with small purple spots.
3. Tick-borne relapsing fever: Caused by the bacterium Borrelia duttoni, which is transmitted through the bite of an infected soft tick (Ornithodoros moenia). Symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash with small purple spots.
4. Babesiosis: Caused by the parasite Babesia microti, which is transmitted through the bite of an infected blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis). Symptoms include fever, chills, and fatigue.
5. Anaplasmosis: Caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which is transmitted through the bite of an infected blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis). Symptoms include fever, headache, and muscle aches.
Causes and Risk Factors:
1. Exposure to ticks: The risk of developing tick-borne diseases is high in areas where ticks are common, such as wooded or grassy areas with long grass or leaf litter.
2. Warm weather: Ticks are most active during warm weather, especially in the spring and summer months.
3. Outdoor activities: People who engage in outdoor activities, such as hiking, camping, or gardening, are at higher risk of exposure to ticks.
4. Poor tick awareness: Not knowing how to protect yourself from ticks or not being aware of the risks of tick-borne diseases can increase your likelihood of getting sick.
5. Lack of tick prevention measures: Failing to use tick repellents, wear protective clothing, or perform regular tick checks can increase your risk of exposure to ticks and tick-borne diseases.
Prevention and Treatment:
1. Tick awareness: Learn how to identify ticks, the risks of tick-borne diseases, and how to protect yourself from ticks.
2. Use tick repellents: Apply tick repellents to your skin and clothing before going outdoors, especially in areas where ticks are common.
3. Wear protective clothing: Wear long sleeves, pants, and closed-toe shoes to cover your skin and make it harder for ticks to attach to you.
4. Perform regular tick checks: Check yourself, children, and pets frequently for ticks when returning indoors, especially after spending time outdoors in areas where ticks are common.
5. Remove attached ticks: If you find a tick on your body, remove it promptly and correctly to reduce the risk of infection.
6. Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear: Treating your clothing and gear with permethrin can help repel ticks and reduce the risk of infection.
7. Vaccination: There are vaccines available for some tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease, which can help protect against these illnesses.
8. Early treatment: If you suspect that you have been bitten by a tick and develop symptoms of a tick-borne disease, seek medical attention promptly. Early treatment can help prevent long-term complications and improve outcomes.
It's important to note that not all ticks carry diseases, but it's always better to be safe than sorry. By following these tips, you can reduce your risk of tick bites and the potential for tick-borne illnesses.
The most common type of flea found in homes is the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis), but dog fleas (Pulex irritans) and human fleas (Pediculus humanus capitis) can also cause infestations. Fleas are not only a nuisance, but they can also transmit diseases such as typhus and tapeworms to both humans and animals.
Flea infestations can cause a range of symptoms in humans, including:
* Itching and discomfort from flea bites
* Allergic reactions to flea saliva, such as hives or rashes
* Infection from scratching or biting the skin, leading to conditions like dermatitis or cellulitis
* Sleep disturbances due to flea bites or itching
In animals, flea infestations can cause:
* Itching and discomfort from flea bites
* Allergic reactions to flea saliva, such as hair loss or skin irritation
* Infection from scratching or biting the skin, leading to conditions like hot spots or abscesses
* Anemia or nutritional deficiencies if the animal is constantly grooming or chewing on its fur due to flea bites
To diagnose a flea infestation, a healthcare provider may perform a physical examination and look for signs of fleas or flea bites on the skin. They may also ask about the patient's history of exposure to animals or recent travel. Treatment for flea infestations typically involves using insecticides or other pesticides to kill the fleas and their eggs, as well as treating any underlying conditions such as allergies or infections. Prevention is key, and regular grooming and cleaning of animals and their living environments can help reduce the risk of flea infestations.
The symptoms of scabies can include intense itching, especially at night, as well as a rash, skin irritation, and blisters. In severe cases, scabies can lead to infections and other complications.
Scabies is typically diagnosed through a physical examination of the skin and a review of medical history. A skin scraping may also be performed to collect mites or eggs for laboratory testing.
Treatment for scabies involves applying topical creams or lotions that contain permethrin or crotamiton to the entire body, from the neck down. These medications kill the mites and their eggs, but they do not provide immediate relief from itching.
It is important to treat all members of a household or close contacts at the same time as the infected person to prevent re-infestation. In addition, it is recommended to wash and dry clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water and dry them in a hot dryer to kill any mites or eggs that may have fallen off the body.
Preventive measures for scabies include avoiding close contact with people who have the infection, wearing protective clothing and gloves when caring for infected individuals, and regularly washing and drying items that come into contact with the skin.
Head lice infestation
Treatment of human lice
Head louse
Dog health
No nit policy
George Drever
Cat skin disorders
Aquaculture of salmonids
Sheepskin
Louse
Whale louse
Trichodectes canis
Body louse
Melophagus ovinus
Echidnophaga myrmecobii
Camp de concentration d'Argelès-sur-Mer
Touching heads
Aquaculture in Canada
Crab louse
Wrasse
Cleaner fish
Pediculosis
Abametapir
Human sexual activity
Epidemic typhus
Baleen whale
Pediculosis pubis
Sorby Research Institute
Hand-pollination
Snowy owl
Polish plait
Lernaeocera branchialis
Cootie
Trench rats
Stone louse
Psocoptera
Mutualism (biology)
Gall
Brown rat
Sara Josephine Baker
Golden jackal
List of skin conditions
Patient and mortuary neglect
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
Seabather's eruption
Andrew Laszlo
Impala
Sexually transmitted infection
Henry Denny
Ivermectin
Haggadah
Whale barnacle
Infection
Colpocephalum
Common genet
Eurasian blackcap
Head louse infestation - scalp: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
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Nits18
- This is a close-up picture of lice egg sacks (nits) on the hair. (medlineplus.gov)
- Nits are lice eggs. (cdc.gov)
- Pubic lice nits take about 6-10 days to hatch. (cdc.gov)
- If crawling lice are not seen, finding nits in the pubic area strongly suggests that a person is infested and should be treated. (cdc.gov)
- Although pubic lice and nits can be large enough to be seen with the naked eye, a magnifying lens may be necessary to find lice or eggs. (cdc.gov)
- If crawling lice are not seen, finding nits attached firmly within ¼ inch of the base of hair shafts suggests, but does not confirm, the person is infested. (cdc.gov)
- Head lice and nits can be visible with the naked eye, although use of a magnifying lens may be necessary to find crawling lice or to identify a developing nymph inside a viable nit. (cdc.gov)
- If no nymphs or adults are seen, and the only nits found are more than ¼ inch from the scalp, then the infestation is probably old and no longer active - and does not need to be treated. (cdc.gov)
- The presence of nits, nymphs or adult students, using the formula lice in the hair were the criteria for diagno- sis of head louse infestation. (who.int)
- An itching of the scalp is the chief symptom, whereas presence of viable nits confirms the diagnosis of head louse infestation. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Diagnosis is based on the inspection of predilection sites and visualization of lice or nits (eggs on hair). (merckvetmanual.com)
- On mammalian hosts, louse eggs, sometimes called nits,are glued to hairs near the skin surface and are pale, translucent, and suboval. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Lice dropped or pulled from the host die in a few days, and few, if any, nits develop after being removed from the host. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Once you have treated your child's head using a shampoo for nits, the next step is to manually remove the eggs, lice, and nits . (hairfairies.com)
- You may also want to wash your child's clothes and bedding with Hair Fairies' Heavy Duty Laundry Detergent to kill any remaining lice, eggs, or nits. (hairfairies.com)
- All household members and people who have close contact with someone who has lice will need to be checked for live lice and nits. (verywellhealth.com)
- Checking one section of hair at a time, look for crawling lice as well as nits on your child's scalp. (verywellhealth.com)
- Most lice treatment products rely on the time-consuming post-treatment process of using a nit-comb to carefully remove all remaining nits (eggs) from a person's hair. (verywellhealth.com)
Pediculosis4
- Risk Factors Associated with Head lice (Pediculosis) Infestation among Elementary School Students in Meshkinshahr County, North West of Iran. (ac.ir)
- This study was carried out to determine cluster according to the population of the the prevalence of pediculosis capitis and school, the number of students in the sample some of the factors affecting infestation was determined and students were selected among pupils in primary schools in Kerman using simple random sampling at all levels. (who.int)
- Head louse infestation, or pediculosis capitis, caused by Pediculus humanus var. (unboundmedicine.com)
- AU - Madke,Bhushan, AU - Khopkar,Uday, PY - 2012/7/10/entrez PY - 2012/7/10/pubmed PY - 2013/1/19/medline SP - 429 EP - 38 JF - Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology JO - Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol VL - 78 IS - 4 N2 - Head louse infestation, or pediculosis capitis, caused by Pediculus humanus var. (unboundmedicine.com)
Typhus2
- Moreover, some patients with undiagnosed febrile disease come to healthcare clinics in Bahir Dah and elsewhere in Ethiopia because of LBRF and other louse-associated diseases, such as louseborne epidemic typhus (LBET) (caused by Rickettsia prowazekii ) and trench fever (caused by Bartonella quintana ). (cdc.gov)
- De-lousing clothing was a part of the process for typhus prevention by USATC. (nih.gov)
Scalp5
- Examination of hair and scalp for head lice. (cdc.gov)
- Close examination of the hair and scalp is necessary to determine head lice infestation. (cdc.gov)
- The diagnosis of head lice infestation is best made by finding a live nymph or adult louse on the scalp or hair of a person. (cdc.gov)
- Skin conditions and even allergies to commonly used hair products can cause dryness and flaking on the scalp that may look like lice. (hairfairies.com)
- The truth is, the only way to be sure of an active outbreak is to put on some gloves and find live lice on a person's scalp. (hairfairies.com)
Pediculus6
- Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Head Louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) in Central Iran. (ac.ir)
- Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Head Louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) among Primary School Girls in Qom Province, Central Iran. (ac.ir)
- Economic Considerations Associated with Pediculus humanus capitis Infestation. (ac.ir)
- When the vector of Borrelia recurrentis ( Pediculus humanus lice) was held away from the host for 10 days, 100% of nymphal and adult lice starved to death and 100% of eggs did not hatch. (cdc.gov)
- LBRF has been eradicated from all regions of the world, except the Horn of Africa, by activities that kill clothes lice ( Pediculus humanus ), which have also been referred to as body lice. (cdc.gov)
- Ataque o persistencia en la piel de parásitos del orden Phthiraptera, especialmente, en los seres humanos, por Pediculus humanus, de la familia Pediculidae. (bvsalud.org)
Scabies2
- Scabies is an infestation produced by a mite, Sarcoptes scabiei , which seems to have a unique predisposition to infect only human skin. (emedicinehealth.com)
- Lindane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide , currently used in prescription shampoos and lotions to treat scabies and lice infestations. (cdc.gov)
Fine-toothed2
- Use of a fine-toothed louse comb may facilitate identification of live lice. (cdc.gov)
- To use wet combing for lice, you will need a hair conditioner, a wide-toothed comb, a fine-toothed lice comb , a flashlight, and paper towels. (hairfairies.com)
Eggs5
- To prevent reinfection with lice, wash all clothing, hats, bed linens, stuffed toys, hair brushes, and combs in hot water with a strong cleanser to remove any mites or eggs. (drugs.com)
- 1 set might be held in a plastic shopping bag for 10 days to kill lice and their eggs. (cdc.gov)
- Wood-fired steaming barrel from a healthcare center in the highlands of Ethiopia that is used to kill clothes lice and their eggs during outbreaks of louseborne relapsing fever. (cdc.gov)
- 10 min kills clothes lice and their eggs ( 30 ). (cdc.gov)
- Lice are very small, and their eggs look similar to dandruff , making it is easy to make a mistake. (hairfairies.com)
Problem with lice2
- The problem with lice is that it only takes a few of them to start an outbreak and, once they get going, they can be difficult to contain. (hairfairies.com)
- The biggest problem with lice treatment is that it is time-consuming. (verywellhealth.com)
Head32
- Lice found on the head generally are head lice, not pubic lice. (cdc.gov)
- Pubic lice often attach themselves to more than one hair and generally do not crawl as quickly as head and body lice. (cdc.gov)
- Misdiagnosis of head lice infestation is common. (cdc.gov)
- The head louse infestation is a public health issue in the world especially, affecting most people who live in camps, school-aged children and their families. (ac.ir)
- Head lice treatment has economic ramifications that often under calculated. (ac.ir)
- The aim of this study was evaluation of economic burden associated with head louse infestation in Iran. (ac.ir)
- In a cross-sectional study, 500,002 infestations were diagnosed among suspected head lice infested people who referred to health care system in all provinces of Iran during 2017. (ac.ir)
- Direct and indirect costs, governmental cost, out of pocket and total costs of head lice were included 3.14$, 2.84$, 5.98$, 5.60$ and 11.58$ per case respectively. (ac.ir)
- The adoption of infestation prevention methods, such as health education to people at risk of infestation, reduces the incidence of head lice and imposition of related treatment costs on governmental health care system and head lice cases. (ac.ir)
- The Biology and Taxonomy of Head and Body Lice-Implications for Louse-Borne Disease Prevention. (ac.ir)
- Prevalence of Head Lice Infestation and Its Associated Factors among Primary School Students in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (ac.ir)
- Fomite transmission in head lice. (ac.ir)
- Head lice infestations: A clinical update. (ac.ir)
- Worldwide Prevalence of Head Lice. (ac.ir)
- Their hair was examined for head louse infestation: 45 (3.8%) were infected with lice, 43 (95.5%) girls and 2 (4.5%) boys. (who.int)
- Head louse infestation is a condition that and from the third group 636 students from has worldwide distribution and is seen in 20 schools (in total, 24 boy's schools and school-age children in many countries. (who.int)
- Medical management of head louse infestation requires proper application of topical pediculicidal agents', chiefly permethrin lotion and wet combing with a fine toothcomb. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Head lice may be small, but they can spread quickly and cause a lot of discomfort for both kids and adults. (hairfairies.com)
- You will learn how to spot a lice outbreak, what products to use when an outbreak occurs, and how to use the wet combing method to get rid of head lice. (hairfairies.com)
- Treating head lice is not as daunting as you might think. (hairfairies.com)
- Cleanse your child's head with a high-quality lice control shampoo, such as Nit-Zapping Clenz Shampoo . (hairfairies.com)
- You should repeat this treatment every 1 to 2 days until no lice have been found on your child's head for at least 10 days . (hairfairies.com)
- Dermatologists confirm that Sklice is effective in treating head lice. (verywellhealth.com)
- On October 27, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that it had approved the single-use lotion head lice treatment, Sklice (ivermectin lotion 0.5%), to be sold over-the-counter. (verywellhealth.com)
- Head lice do not jump and are most commonly transmitted through head-to-head contact with someone who has live lice (adult lice). (verywellhealth.com)
- However, the AAP discourages 'no-nit school policies,' which can negatively affect a child's education as well as contribute to the stigma surrounding head lice. (verywellhealth.com)
- The hair of the head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation. (nih.gov)
- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a lotion to treat head lice for nonprescription, or over-the-counter (OTC), use through a process called a prescription (Rx)-to-OTC switch. (fda.gov)
- The FDA initially approved Sklice (ivermectin) lotion, 0.5% for the treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older as a prescription drug in February 2012. (fda.gov)
- If head lice are reported during programming, all parents will receive a notification from camp outlining the steps to take to ensure your child is not infected. (haywardrec.org)
- Carriers of head lice will not be allowed to stay at site. (haywardrec.org)
- Any participant with head lice must be clear of infestation for a minimum of 24-hours before returning to camp. (haywardrec.org)
Mites1
- One reasons why they advise members of the family to also apply the cream is always to prevent the re-infestation from the mites by an untreated person. (gradspot.com)
Parasitic3
- Also called crab lice or "crabs," pubic lice are parasitic insects found primarily in the pubic or genital area of humans. (cdc.gov)
- The ancient parasitic insect, Mesophthirus angeli , resembles modern lice, with slightly different antennae and leg claws. (smithsonianmag.com)
- AGENCY: ACTION: Pursuant to a delegation of authority from the Secretary of Transportation, the Maritime Administrator is authorized to issue a determination allowing documented vessels with only registry endorsements or foreign flag vessels to be used in operations that treat aquaculture fish or protect aquaculture fish from disease, parasitic infestation, or other threats to their health when suitable vessels of the United States are not available that could perform those services. (justia.com)
Wingless2
- Lice are small, wingless insects that infest the hairs, skin, and feathers of animals. (merckvetmanual.com)
- The ancient bugs have different antennae and leg claws from a modern louse, but their wingless bodies look similar, and they feature the large chewing mandibles that cause so much irritation to their hosts. (smithsonianmag.com)
Comb3
- Lice can be spread from person to person by sharing a hairbrush, a comb, hats, or headbands. (drugs.com)
- Some lice products come provided with a nit comb. (drugs.com)
- The treatment will no longer require a prescription, which means that consumers will be able quickly and effectively treat a lice infestation without the need to use a nit-comb or a trip to the dermatologist or doctor. (verywellhealth.com)
Fleas1
- Reinfesting fleas are killed within 2 hours with protection against further flea infestation lasting for four (4) weeks. (calvetsupply.com)
Resembles1
- The adult pubic louse resembles a miniature crab when viewed through a strong magnifying glass. (cdc.gov)
Nymphs1
- Pubic lice nymphs take about 2-3 weeks after hatching to mature into adults capable of reproducing. (cdc.gov)
Topical1
- According to the FDA, the goal of the prescription (RX)-to-OTC switch is to foster public health and hygiene by making it easier for consumers to access an effective topical lice treatment, which will help decrease infestation rates and give people a convenient way to treat lice at home. (verywellhealth.com)
Pediculicide1
- However, medicines that treat lice (called pediculicide treatments) should only be used on someone with an active infestation. (verywellhealth.com)
Insects6
- If you see small brown insects roughly the size of sesame seeds moving around, your child has an active lice infestation. (hairfairies.com)
- As far back as the Cretaceous period, insects that resemble modern lice lived and fed on the bodies of dinosaurs. (smithsonianmag.com)
- While it stands to reason that feathered dinosaurs were plagued by lice-like insects just as their living bird descendants are, the newly discovered insects encased in amber are the first example to emerge in the fossil record. (smithsonianmag.com)
- The Cretaceous period's lice-like insects are so small that they have not been found preserved in other fossils. (smithsonianmag.com)
- During five years of studying amber samples these two were the only ones found to contain the lice-like insects. (smithsonianmag.com)
- But the insects in question, Mesophthirus engeli , appear as a primitive species very much resembling modern lice. (smithsonianmag.com)
Diseases3
- Persons infested with pubic lice should be examined for the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases. (cdc.gov)
- Persons infested with pubic lice should be investigated for the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases. (cdc.gov)
- Lice infestations can lead to secondary dermal infections, and lice can transmit diseases and be intermediate hosts for other parasites. (merckvetmanual.com)
Treatment11
- If you are unsure about infestation or if treatment is not successful, see a health care provider for a diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
- The direct and indirect costs associated with treatment of infestations were relatively high. (ac.ir)
- Therefore, the creation of medical facilities such as availability of diagnostic and treatment strategies can be effective in the control of infestation. (ac.ir)
- Management and Treatment of Human Lice. (ac.ir)
- Infestations most often occur on stressed animals, and husbandry and individual health are important in the treatment and management of these parasites. (merckvetmanual.com)
- In this post, we explore a fast and effective lice treatment we like to call the Hair Fairies "nit zapping" method. (hairfairies.com)
- if you do not let the shampoo sit for long enough or fail to repeat the treatment as recommended, you may not get rid of all the lice and the problem will keep coming back. (hairfairies.com)
- Sklice, a lice treatment that was only available with a prescription, will now be sold over-the-counter. (verywellhealth.com)
- Prescription lice treatment can be hard to get and some OTC treatments aren't very effective. (verywellhealth.com)
- When a child has lice, they might have to stay home from school until the treatment is successful. (verywellhealth.com)
- If you are not sure how to use a lice treatment or if you think it hasn't worked, talk to your doctor. (verywellhealth.com)
Prevalence1
- However, regardless of the motivation, activities that reduce prevalence and intensity of infestation with clothes lice have been successful in reducing prevalence and intensity of louseborne pathogens, particularly since World War II ( 27 , 28 ). (cdc.gov)
Adults1
- Pubic lice usually are spread through sexual contact and are most common in adults. (cdc.gov)
Eyelashes1
- Pubic lice on the eyebrows or eyelashes of children may be a sign of sexual exposure or abuse. (cdc.gov)
Decrease1
- and claims to decrease Demodex infestation. (medscape.com)
Parasites1
- The bugs provide paleontologists' first glimpse of ancient lice-like parasites that once thrived on larger animals' feathers and possibly hair. (smithsonianmag.com)
Effectively1
- The first step in controlling lice effectively is to confirm that you are, in fact, dealing with a lice outbreak. (hairfairies.com)
Salmon3
- Alexandra Morton, B.C. biologist and activist whose work linking sea lice infestation in wild salmon to fish farming in the Broughton Archipelago has drawn international attention and challenged both the salmon farm industry and the government officials who regulate it. (sfu.ca)
- Lumpfish can efficiently remove sea lice from Atlantic salmon in net-pens, and production of lumpfish in closed fish farms is a new, fast developing industry in Norway. (frontiersin.org)
- The cleaner fish co-inhabit the net pens with the salmon where they remove lice from the fish's skin. (frontiersin.org)
Shampoo7
- Good Sense Lice Killing Shampoo, Step 1 (for the skin) is a combination medicine used to treat lice. (drugs.com)
- Good Sense Lice Killing Shampoo, Step 1 may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. (drugs.com)
- You should not use Good Sense Lice Killing Shampoo, Step 1 if you are allergic to it, or if you have an allergy to chrysanthemums or ragweed. (drugs.com)
- FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether Good Sense Lice Killing Shampoo, Step 1 will harm an unborn baby. (drugs.com)
- The shampoo should be used again in 7 to 10 days to kill any newly hatched lice. (drugs.com)
- What should I avoid while using Good Sense Lice Killing Shampoo, Step 1? (drugs.com)
- Avoid using other medications or skin products on the areas you treat with Good Sense Lice Killing Shampoo, Step 1, unless your doctor tells you to. (drugs.com)
Occur2
- All life stages occur on the host, but lice may survive off the host for a period of time. (merckvetmanual.com)
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), while it's uncommon, it is possible for lice transmission to occur through sharing common items like hats, scarves, sports equipment and uniforms, hair ribbons, brushes, and combs, or lying on a bed or pillow that was used by someone with an active infestation. (verywellhealth.com)
Prevention2
- After you have gotten rid of the lice, your goal turns to prevention. (hairfairies.com)
- Try using tea tree oil or Hair Fairies' Nit-Zapping Clenz Prevention Oil 2 to 3 times a week along the hairline to keep lice away. (hairfairies.com)
Control2
Live5
- To live, lice must feed on blood. (cdc.gov)
- This would be extremely rare because lice cannot live long away from a warm human body and they do not have feet designed to hold onto or walk on smooth surfaces such as toilet seats. (cdc.gov)
- Lice live within the microenvironment provided by a host's skin and its hair or feathers, and they are transmitted primarily by contact between hosts. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Only one dose is needed to kill live lice and application time is 10 minutes. (verywellhealth.com)
- Live lice are hard to find because they avoid light and move quickly. (verywellhealth.com)
Symptoms2
Hair2
- To find lice on your child, thoroughly wet their hair (this will slow down lice activity and make them easier to spot). (hairfairies.com)
- If you find yourself in the middle of a lice outbreak and are not sure what to do, trust the professionals at Hair Fairies to handle the situation for you. (hairfairies.com)
Cattle1
- Shrewsbury diagnosed eight incidents of liver fluke infestation in cattle in Staffordshire (4), Shropshire (2), Gwynedd (1) and Powys (1). (thecattlesite.com)
Treat2
- After you have identified a lice outbreak, the next step is to treat it. (hairfairies.com)
- There are both OTC and prescription medications available to treat lice. (verywellhealth.com)
Wash1
- After you are finished, be sure to wash your hands with our Foaming Eucalyptus Hand Soap to prevent the accidental spread of lice. (hairfairies.com)
Species2
- The predilection site depends on the lice species. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Scientists are not yet sure, however, if the species belongs to the same taxonomical order as modern lice, Phthiraptera. (smithsonianmag.com)
Signs1
- One feather shows signs of significant gnawing damage, suggesting that lice had established feather feeding lifestyles in the mid-Cretaceous. (smithsonianmag.com)
Persons1
- Lice are abhorred by most persons, and infestation with clothes lice is invariably associated, right or wrong, with low socioeconomic status. (cdc.gov)
Days1
- If the louse falls off a person, it dies within 1-2 days. (cdc.gov)
Small1
- Because adult and nymph lice are very small, move quickly, and avoid light, they may be difficult to find. (cdc.gov)
Effective1
- The wet combing method is highly effective for removing lice, but it relies on consistency to work. (hairfairies.com)
Find1
- Pubic lice may be difficult to find because there may be only a few. (cdc.gov)
Child1
- If you think your child has lice, the AAP recommends taking the following steps to check them for an infestation. (verywellhealth.com)