Acquired generalized lipodystrophy

Inguinal hernia surgery

Abdominal obesity

Caloric restriction mimetic

Trans fat

Inflammation

Trans fat

Adipose tissue

Classification of obesity

Adipose tissue

Intrathoracic hyperthermic perfused chemotherapy (ITH)

Bombus occidentalis

Projectional radiography

Intrathoracic hyperthermic perfused chemotherapy (ITH)

Intestine transplantation

Pancreatitis

Diabetic hypoglycemia

Cystic fibrosis

Interleukin 15

Coeliac disease

Hypertension

Magnetic resonance angiography

Coeliac disease

Stomach cancer

Polistes

Gastric bypass surgery

Tarlov cyst

Weight training

Common ostrich

Pregnancy

Drosophila melanogaster

Barrett's esophagus

Pregnancy

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Head injury

Antibiotic

Lordosis

Stomach cancer

Malnutrition

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Stress incontinence

Ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs

Crohn's disease

Adiposity18

• Most studies indicate that the regional distribution of body fat seems to be more important than excess adiposity per se. (scielo.br)
• Conversely, high BMI, central adiposity, and the metabolic syndrome are associated with and predict low serum total and to a lesser extent free testosterone and SHBG levels ( 1 - 3 , 5 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
• Subcutaneous fat can be measured using body fat calipers, which provide a rough estimate of total body adiposity. (scienceblog.com)
• The effect of abdominal adiposity occurs not just in those who are obese, but also affects people who are non-obese and it also contributes to insulin sensitivity. (wikipedia.org)
• C-reactive protein level had a significant association with body mass index (r = 0.18), adiposity (r = 0.23), smoking (r = 0.20), carbohydrate intake (r = 0.19) and saturated fatty acid (r = 0.20). (who.int)
• CMR Short Reviews The Concept of CMR Historical background on global cardiometabolic risk, epidemiological aspects of obesity and type 2 diabetes, ABCs of cardiovascular disease risk factors, intra-abdominal adiposity, metabolic syndrome and contribution to cardiometabolic risk. (amazonaws.com)
• Most prominent hypothesis is that physical activity may protect against breast cancer through reduced lifetime exposure to endogenous hormones either direct, or indirect by preventing overweight and abdominal adiposity. (biomedcentral.com)
• Life-style measures achieving a substantial weight loss may increase testosterone levels, whereas clear data on whether exogenous testosterone treatment in obese men, without an established hypogonadic state, may improve body fat content, visceral adiposity and insulin resistance are still missing. (springer.com)
• Although it is reported that obesity is associated with profound alterations in testosterone production rate and metabolic clearance, it is also true that, by contrast, low testosterone levels in primary or secondary hypogonadic states may in turn lead to increase visceral adiposity and insulin resistance. (springer.com)
• Increased adiposity (obesity) raises serum resistin levels, which in turn directly correlate to insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
• Conversely, serum resistin levels have been found to decline with decreased adiposity following medical treatment. (wikipedia.org)
• Screening for increased waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia (the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype) has been proposed as an inexpensive approach to identify patients with excess intra-abdominal adiposity and associated metabolic abnormalities. (cmaj.ca)
• The systematic measurement of waist circumference has been proposed as a crude anthropometric correlate of intra-abdominal adiposity. (cmaj.ca)
• 8 However, because waist circumference cannot fully discriminate intra-abdominal from subcutaneous abdominal adiposity, we previously suggested that the presence of elevated triglyceride levels could be used as a marker of "dysfunctional" adipose tissue, intra-abdominal obesity and associated metabolic abnormalities in people with an increased waistline. (cmaj.ca)
• Epicardial fat thickness (EFT), an indicator of visceral adiposity, is a novel parameter for studying patients with OSA. (springermedizin.at)
• Findings from our systematic review suggest that early-life exposure to BPA may increase adiposity and circulating lipid levels in rodents. (nih.gov)
• Conversely, most studies evaluating the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-Ags), creating an artificial menopause state, have found increased total adiposity and intra-abdominal fat (8). (deepdyve.com)
• In addition, studies have found that abdominal adiposity, or central abdominal obesity, is the "most important single factor" contributing to insulin sensitivity in old age. (bodyhealth.com)

Amount of intra abdominal fat1

• Human growth hormone successfully regulated the level of glucose in the blood of diabetics and reduced the amount of intra abdominal fat on their bodies, the prestigious Johns Hopkins Institute discovered. (selfgrowth.com)

Known as intra-abdominal fat2

• Belly fat, clinically known as intra-abdominal fat, is between internal organs and the torso. (healthcanal.com)
• Most studies verified visceral area fat (also known as intra-abdominal fat) is strongly associated with insulin resistance but seldom analyze the fat distribution in the abdomen. (biomedcentral.com)

Diabetes57

• Its low levels are predictive of future development of diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Low adiponectin level was a strong predictor of future development of diabetes, and HbA 1c also showed a positive predictive association. (diabetesjournals.org)
• CONCLUSIONS -In Asian Indians, low plasma adiponectin level was predictive of future development of diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Asian Indians have a high risk of diabetes and have an obesity phenotype characterized by lean BMI, central obesity, and high body fat percentage. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Low total testosterone or SHBG levels are associated with type 2 diabetes, independent of age, race, obesity, and criteria for diagnosis of diabetes ( 6 , 7 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
• In longitudinal studies, low serum total and free testosterone and SHBG levels were independent predictors of type 2 diabetes ( 6 , 8 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
• In these studies, SHBG levels were stronger predictors of diabetes than total or free testosterone. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Because type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity, which suppresses SHBG and in turn total testosterone levels, both obesity and SHBG levels represent important confounding factors in the relationship between testosterone and type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
• He tested the rats over the course of 13 weeks and found that rats given a diet supplemented with sterulic oil had less abdominal fat and a decreased likelihood of developing diabetes. (healthcanal.com)
• Visceral and central abdominal fat and waist circumference show a strong association with type 2 diabetes . (wikipedia.org)
• Researchers first started to focus on abdominal obesity in the 1980s when they realized it had an important connection to cardiovascular disease , diabetes , and dyslipidemia . (wikipedia.org)
• Metabolic syndrome is associated with abdominal obesity, blood lipid disorders, inflammation, insulin resistance, full-blown diabetes, and increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
• Newswise - People who consume several servings of whole grains per day while limiting daily intake of refined grains appear to have less of a type of fat tissue thought to play a key role in triggering cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, a new study suggests. (newswise.com)
• Prior research suggests visceral fat is more closely tied to the development of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors including hypertension, unhealthy cholesterol levels and insulin resistance that can develop into cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes," explains co-author Paul Jacques, DSc, director of the Nutritional Epidemiology Program at the USDA HNRCA and a professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts. (newswise.com)
• Obesity is the heavy accumulation of fat in your body to such a degree that it significantly increases your risk of diseases that can damage your health and knock years off your life, such as heart disease and diabetes . (netdoctor.co.uk)
• Intra-abdominal (central) fat is more strongly linked to levels of inflammation in the body and more likely to cause cardiovascular disease and diabetes. (netdoctor.co.uk)
• A ratio of 1.0 or more in men or 0.85 or more in women indicates that you have too much fat around your middle, putting you at increased risk of diseases that are linked to obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease. (netdoctor.co.uk)
• It is recommended that they follow levels of a BMI of 23 as an indication of overweight and 27.5 to indicate obesity (i.e. a high risk of complications such as Type 2 Diabetes). (netdoctor.co.uk)
• Diabetes is a syndrome characterised by disordered metabolism and inappropriately high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) resulting from either low levels of the hormone insulin or from abnormal resistance to insulin's effects, coupled with inadequate levels of insulin secretion to compensate. (mindfood.com)
• Age-dependent changes in insulin action and body fat distribution are risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
• To examine whether the accumulation of visceral fat (VF) could play a direct role in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, we monitored insulin action, glucose tolerance, and the expression of adipo-derived peptides after surgical removal of VF in aging (20-month-old) F344/Brown Norway (FBN) and in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats. (diabetesjournals.org)
• When examined at the mechanistic level, removal of VF in ZDF rats prevented the progressive decrease in insulin action and delayed the onset of diabetes, but VF extraction did not alter plasma free fatty acid levels. (diabetesjournals.org)
• A large waist circumference is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease because of excess abdominal fat. (lmh.org)
• This entry was posted in Diabetes, Fat and Oil, Insulin Resistance, Saturated Fat on June 5, 2014 by Bix. (amazonaws.com)
• Given that abdominal obesity is one of the most prevalent forms of type 2 diabetes, therapeutic approaches should focus on reducing intra-abdominal adipose tissue. (amazonaws.com)
• In people with type 2 diabetes, four to six weeks of moderate intensity (40 to 50 percent of maximal) resistance training improved their insulin sensitivity by 48 percent without causing any significant changes in their body fat or muscle mass. (diabetesdaily.com)
• It appears that scientists may have jumped to the wrong conclusion when they decided to blame fat cells alone for everything that ails you, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. (diabetesdaily.com)
• Low testosterone and SHBG levels predict the development of central obesity and are associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes and higher mortality rate for cardiovascular disease. (springer.com)
• Public health guidelines condemn healthy fats from foods like butter and full-fat dairy and recommend whole grains and cereals - the opposite of what a person with diabetes, or any person really, needs to stay healthy. (mercola.com)
• Research, including a new study involving dolphins, again suggests that this movement away from traditional full-fat foods is contributing to the rising rates of diabetes and metabolic syndrome across the globe. (mercola.com)
• We hypothesize that widespread movement away from whole fat dairy products in human populations may have created unanticipated heptadecanoic acid deficiencies… and, in turn, this dietary deficiency may be playing a role in the global diabetes pandemic. (mercola.com)
• Those who ate eight portions of full-fat dairy products a day cut their risk of diabetes by nearly 25 percent compared to those who ate fewer portions. (mercola.com)
• Our observations may contribute to clarifying previous findings regarding dietary fats and their food sources in relation to type 2 diabetes. (mercola.com)
• In 2010, a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine proposed that it's the palmitoleic acid, which occurs naturally in full-fat dairy products, that protects against insulin resistance and diabetes. (mercola.com)
• People who consumed full-fat dairy had higher levels of trans-palmitoleate in their blood, and this translated to a two-thirds lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to people with lower levels. (mercola.com)
• 3 , 4 Imaging studies using techniques such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging have shown that, among equally obese individuals, those with an excess of intra-abdominal or visceral adipose tissue have metabolic abnormalities and are at increased risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. (cmaj.ca)
• Increasing the level of human growth hormone in the blood could help a person manage the effects of diabetes. (selfgrowth.com)
• obesity in Australia was made a "national health priority" by the government in 2008, officially elevating awareness to the same level as other health risks like cancer , heart disease and diabetes ? (thefullwiki.org)
• mɨˈlaɪtəs/ or /ˈmɛlɨtəs/ )-often simply referred to as diabetes -is a condition in which a person has a high blood sugar (glucose) level as a result of the body either not producing enough insulin , or because body cells do not properly respond to the insulin that is produced. (thefullwiki.org)
• is when pregnant women, who have never had diabetes before, have a high blood glucose level during pregnancy. (thefullwiki.org)
• It makes a difference, since we know that abdominal obesity is linked to diabetes and many other metabolic conditions, i.e., the metabolic syndrome. (innovations-report.com)
• Doctors have long recognized that people who are "apple-shaped" -- with their fat concentrated in the abdomen -- are much higher risk for diabetes and metabolic syndrome than those whose fat is mainly subcutaneous, i.e., distributed beneath the skin primarily in the buttocks and thighs. (innovations-report.com)
• While recent studies at Joslin and elsewhere have shed light on the role of appetite and energy expenditure (physical activity) in obesity, little has been known about the role of genes in fat distribution or the association of genes in metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes. (innovations-report.com)
• Research shows that resistance training reduces visceral or intra-abdominal fat, which has been linked to heart disease and diabetes," says Wayne Wescott PhD, professor of exercise science at Quincy College. (curves.com)
• Reducing intra-abdominal, or visceral, fat is important because in addition to increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, among other conditions, such fat can raise insulin levels, which promotes the growth of cancer cells. (fredhutch.org)
• Although it is known that so-called 'apple-shaped' people who store their fat around the stomach are at higher risk for conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and stroke than 'pear-shaped' people who store their fat in their buttocks and thighs, visceral obesity is not necessarily correlated with body shape, McTiernan said. (fredhutch.org)
• These intra-abdominal fat cells are metabolically active, and release at least 80 different chemicals and hormones that promote diabetes, inflammation and lipid changes. (clevelandclinic.org)
• It gives you an idea of your abdominal fat - the one that increases your risk of having diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and that's very important," Dr. Burguera says. (clevelandclinic.org)
• ED is a common symptom in patients with type 2 diabetes who also have low testosterone levels. (nature.com)
• In evaluating the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III data (the largest database that connects together health indices and nutrition status of the population), it was found that there was no direct correlation-I want to emphasize, NO direct correlation-between type 2 diabetes and obesity in the absence of elevated normal levels of GGTP in the serology. (jeffreybland.com)
• The epididymal fat pad was evaluated as a site of islet transplantation in a syngeneic murine model of diabetes by comparing the transplant outcomes to that of islets transplanted intraportal. (ovid.com)
• As your weight and volume of intra-abdominal fat increase, so do your risks for developing type 2 diabetes and hypertension, with a body mass index (BMI) above 21 linked to 58% of diabetes cases and 21% of ischemic heart disease cases. (bodyhealth.com)
• First, it tells us that diabetes cannot be primarily caused by genetics, and secondly, it literally screams that something we're doing, consistently and en masse, is horribly wrong, and we need to address it. (healthimpactnews.com)
• The reality is that diabetes is a disease rooted in insulin resistance and perhaps more importantly, a malfunction of leptin signaling, caused by chronically elevated insulin and leptin levels . (healthimpactnews.com)
• Abdominal obesity is associated with greater risk for hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, due to increased release of free fatty acids from visceral fat to the liver. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
• As a bonus, magnesium can lower levels of dangerous inflammation, a rogue reaction by the immune system that is implicated in heart disease, cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. (bodyrock.tv)
• Typically, tendinopathy is the result of overuse or repetitive movements, but in people with type 2 diabetes chronically elevated blood sugar levels may increase the risk. (mercola.com)

Leptin levels19

• Accumulation of intra-abdominal fat is associated with insulin resistance, whereas accumulation of subcutaneous fat is associated with increased plasma leptin levels. (diabetesincontrol.com)
• Compared with controls, GHR-/- mice had increased food intake, leptin levels, and total and intra-abdominal fat mass per body weight and deceased lean mass. (gu.se)
• Long-term GHR deficiency in mice is associated with high plasma leptin levels, obesity, and increased food intake but a marked decrease in all lipoprotein fractions. (gu.se)
• Circulating plasma leptin levels reflect the amount of energy storage in adipose tissue and increase exponentially with increasing fat mass. 6 Plasma leptin levels also respond to short term energy imbalance, increasing during periods of overfeeding and decreasing with fasting. (bmj.com)
• 12 Increasing leptin levels activate the thyroid hormone, gonadal, and growth hormone axes and suppress the pituitary-adrenal axis. (bmj.com)
• 14 Indeed, circulating leptin levels are typically higher than normal in human obesity, indicating that it is a leptin resistant state. (bmj.com)
• Similarly, the observed increase in serum leptin levels 4-7 hours after meals is probably related to increased circulating insulin in concert with the permissive effects of cortisol. (bmj.com)
• Fasting results in decreased serum leptin levels-probably through falling insulin levels and the ability of catecholamines to decrease leptin expression (isoproterenol and β 3 adrenergic receptor agonists reduce leptin production by adipocytes). (bmj.com)
• Women have been noted to have higher serum leptin levels than men, and this could relate to a difference in body fat composition between the sexes or the permissive effects of oestrogen and progesterone on leptin production. (bmj.com)
• in addition to a small circadian influence, sleep is associated with an increase in plasma leptin levels in normal subjects. (bmj.com)
• Leptin levels did not change significantly from baseline after 2 days of CPAP treatment, but were higher than in the control group. (ersjournals.com)
• After 8 weeks, leptin levels decreased significantly, although the BMI of the patients showed no change. (ersjournals.com)
• Recently, a number of authors have speculated that changes in serum leptin levels or leptin-receptor insensitivity may be involved in the pathogenesis of progressive obesity in patients with OSA 4 . (ersjournals.com)
• In recent studies, fasting leptin levels in patients with OSA decreased after initiation of continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) treatment 7 , 8 . (ersjournals.com)
• However, those leptin measurements were performed on awake individuals in the morning, when the respiratory situation was normalised, so that any linkage between leptin levels and respiratory effects is difficult in this setting. (ersjournals.com)
• Furthermore, leptin levels are influenced by a multitude of factors, such as sex, body weight 9 , 10 , the presence of hypertension, or specific medications impacting on leptin levels. (ersjournals.com)
• Diurnal and ultradian variations in serum leptin levels are further factors complicating profound insights concerning significant respiratory effects 11 - 13 . (ersjournals.com)
• Against this background, the authors decided to measure the plasma ghrelin and leptin levels of patients with OSA before and during CPAP treatment in comparison with equally obese controls without OSA, and to investigate whether those hormones are influenced by a normalisation of sleep and nocturnal respiration during CPAP treatment. (ersjournals.com)
• Hemizygous males exhibit significant reductions in adipose tissue mass, overall body weight, intra-abdominal (visceral) fat mass, and fasting serum leptin levels, as well as significantly increased bone mineral mass. (jax.org)

Liver18

• Its role in liver steatosis is well established, since mice with liver-specific deletion of PGC-1α exhibit lipid accumulation and high-fat diet reduces hepatic PGC-1α expression in mice. (springer.com)
• Mice liver also exhibited increased proinflammatory cytokines' levels, decreased PGC-1α expression, and marked increase in p65 NFκB nuclear translocation. (springer.com)
• High-fat diet induces liver inflammation by inhibiting PGC-1α expression and its suppressive effect in NFκB pathway. (springer.com)
• Once dyslipidemia becomes a severe problem, an individual's abdominal cavity would generate elevated free fatty acid flux to the liver. (wikipedia.org)
• Fat inside the abdomen, wrapped around the internal organs such as the liver, is somewhat different to the fat that deposits under the skin on the legs or bottom. (netdoctor.co.uk)
• Liver and muscle triglyceride levels were measured by (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and intra-abdominal fat content was measured by magnetic resonance imaging. (unboundmedicine.com)
• In AGL patients, adipose tissues are insufficient and leads to fat deposition in non-adipose tissues, such as muscle or liver, resulting in hypertriglyceridemia. (wikipedia.org)
• Doctors think this was called by IGF-1 another substance produced by the liver when the level of HGH in the blood is high. (selfgrowth.com)
• Tissue incorporation of the supplemented omega-3 fatty acids was evaluated by determining the fatty acid profiles of intra-abdominal fat and the liver with gas chromatography. (scielo.br)
• Our aim was to evaluate the role of the liver in the metabolism of leptin by comparing the serum leptin level in the portal vein with th. (tu-dortmund.de)
• In this cohort of patients with CKD, Sankar D. Navaneethan et al studied whether different obesity measures such as intra-abdominal fat, liver fat, and subcutaneous fat (obtained using an MRI scan) were associated with known cardiometabolic risk factors. (brightsurf.com)
• SAA1/2 mRNA expression in the liver and SAA3 mRNA expression in intra-abdominal fat were significantly higher in obese than thin mice, but they were not affected by hyperlipidemia in Apoe -/- mice. (scialert.net)
• In the past, we talked about the extraordinary emerging idea that there seems to be a correlation between marginally elevated gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels (GGTP levels) in serology (this would be in the upper quintile of even the normal range of this liver enzyme), and the association with overall chronic disease. (jeffreybland.com)
• This power-packed program, which includes PerfectAmino , Complete Multi + Liver Detox , Intestinal Cleanse and Healthy-Thin , helps keep nutrition at optimal levels while supporting our body-weight goals. (bodyhealth.com)
• As your insulin resistance progresses, your liver makes too much sugar and fat, and your skeletal muscles are less able to burn them and make glycogen, which is how glucose is stored in your muscles and liver. (healthimpactnews.com)
• Visceral obesity might also be a marker of defective fat portioning between the adipose tissue, the skeletal muscle, the liver and the heart. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
• However, this increase in compliance makes them less effective at energy dissipation and, therefore, less effective at protecting the upper abdominal structures (eg, the spleen and the liver). (medscape.com)
• 6 Specifically, they had decreases in fat in the abdomen, liver and around the heart, all of which are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. (mercola.com)

Triglycerides11

• The biochemical analysis included fasting glycemia, triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C levels. (scielo.br)
• Several studies have linked visceral fat to elevated triglycerides levels (Wirth et al, 1996). (scienceblog.com)
• Moreover, serum levels of triglycerides, LDL and HDL cholesterol, and apoB, as well as glucose and insulin levels were lower in the GHR-/- mice. (gu.se)
• We reported that such treatment reduces plasma endocannabinoid levels also in overweight and obese human individuals, in whom high triglycerides may correlate with high circulating endocannabinoid levels. (biomedcentral.com)
• We submitted 11 obese men (average BMI of 32.3 kg/m 2 , age of 42.6 years and plasma triglycerides of 192.5 ± 96.3 mg/dl) to a 24 week dietary supplementation with krill powder (4 g/day per os ) and measured anthropometric and metabolic parameters, as well as blood endocannabinoid (anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol) and esterified DHA and EPA levels. (biomedcentral.com)
• Weight loss in intra-abdominally obese men is accompanied by reduced AEA and 2-AG levels, and the decrease of the latter correlates with weight loss-induced amelioration of high triglycerides, insulin resistance and HDL-cholesterol levels [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• A systematic review with meta-analyses of experimental rodent studies was conducted to answer the following question: does early-life exposure to BPA affect the obesity-related outcomes body weight, fat (pad) weight, and circulating and tissue levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA), and leptin? (nih.gov)
• Several studies have shown that regular resistance training helps lower resting blood pressure, raise levels of HDL (good) cholesterol, reduce levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and lower blood triglycerides. (curves.com)
• With weight loss, the levels of triglycerides can be expected to improve. (vitadidonna.it)
• Having 3 or more of a group of symptoms caused by insulin (and now we also know leptin) resistance - high triglycerides, low HDL, higher blood glucose and blood pressure, and increased belly fat-is referred to as metabolic syndrome (in the past it was called Syndrome X). (healthimpactnews.com)
• MetS is characterized by the coincidence of hypertension, abdominal obesity, impaired lipid metabolism (blood triglycerides, cholesterol) and/or impaired blood glucose regulation. (biomedcentral.com)

Depots6

• We sought to determine whether a change in specific fat depots predicts the development of hypertension. (ahajournals.org)
• Visceral fat is composed of several adipose depots which may contribute insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and coronary artery disease (NIH). (scienceblog.com)
• Visceral fat is composed of several adipose depots including mesenteric , epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT) and perirenal fat . (wikipedia.org)
• Among various body fat depots, the amount of visceral fat (VF) best correlates with insulin sensitivity in animal models and in humans. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Theorizing that fat distribution patterns -- and perhaps obesity itself -- may originate in the genes involved in control of development, the researchers found that as many as 12 developmental genes may play a role in different fat depots and that at least three of these seemed to be especially important in obesity. (innovations-report.com)
• Catalano KJ, Stefanovski D, Bergman RN, 2010 Critical role of the mesenteric depot versus other intra-abdominal adipose depots in the development of insulin resistance in young rats. (springer.com)

Waist15

• So, it's also recommended that abdominal waist measurements are done to assess overweight. (netdoctor.co.uk)
• Use a tape measure to measure your waist (usually at belly button level) and your hips (the widest part of your pelvis). (netdoctor.co.uk)
• Researchers will measure patients blood pressure and heart rate, height, weight, waist/hip circumference, and intra-abdominal measurement. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• Waist circumference is an indirect indicator of intra-abdominal fat tissue, often called visceral fat. (lmh.org)
• Elevated waist circumference, a crude anthropometric index of the absolute amount of intra-abdominal adipose tissue, better predicts the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome and related disorders than BMI. (amazonaws.com)
• There was also a significant decrease in waist/hip ratio and visceral fat/skeletal muscle mass ratio at 24 weeks, but no change in body weight. (biomedcentral.com)
• The hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype was defined as a waist circumference of 90 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 2.0 mmol/L or more in men, and a waist circumference of 85 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 1.5 mmol/L or more in women. (cmaj.ca)
• Compared with participants who had a waist circumference and triglyceride level below the threshold, those with the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype had higher blood pressure indices, higher levels of apolipoprotein B and C-reactive protein, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I, and smaller low-density lipoprotein particles. (cmaj.ca)
• The differences we found in gene expression were so distinct," said Dr. Gesta, "that we could identify the body mass index (level of obesity) and the waist/hip ratio (whether the fat is in the abdomen or under the skin) in the overweight population by the expression level of these genes. (innovations-report.com)
• 001), with no sex difference with regard to this or with respect to changes of total abdominal fat volumes or waist circumferences. (diva-portal.org)
• A simple way to evaluate abdominal obesity in the clinic is to measure waist circumference. (clevelandclinic.org)
• The Journal of the American Medical Association published the study, Trends in Mean Waist Circumference and Abdominal Obesity Among U.S. Adults, 1999-2012 . (clevelandclinic.org)
• Anthropometric measurements, such as the waist circumference and percentage of body fat, are used in the newly released obesity algorithm to risk stratify patients. (jaoa.org)
• the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated, and omental and mesenteric fat deposits were weighed. (ahajournals.org)
• Angiographic studies have revealed a positive association between clinically significant coronary narrowings and abdominal obesity in both sexes, 1 2 3 4 and our previous study of ante mortem healthy female forensic autopsy cases indicates that both coronary lesions are more advanced as the numerical value for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) increases. (ahajournals.org)

Cardiovascular9

• Adipocyte volume (fat accumulation) in different parts of the body may play different roles in the metabolism and in the appearance of cardiovascular risk factors. (scielo.br)
• Abdominal obesity was more closely related with metabolic dysfunctions connected with cardiovascular disease than was general obesity. (wikipedia.org)
• Exercise training results in cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations that may be beneficial in menopausal women by reducing blood pressure, insulin resistance, and cholesterol level. (biomedsearch.com)
• Our findings suggest that it is not different lifestyles and/or behaviors that underlie the fact that men have a higher cardiovascular risk at the same level of percentage of body fat than women. (diva-portal.org)
• Levels of inflammatory mediators in people with rheumatoid arthritis or cardiovascular disease. (rsu.lv)
• It is important to emphasize that excess of central fat, and specifically of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in humans, is associated with insulin resistance and high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (9). (deepdyve.com)
• Sex differences in visceral fat lipolysis are responsible for more cardiovascular complications in men than in women. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
• To test the hypothesis that younger women with an android type of body fat distribution would probably have a greater risk of a future cardiovascular event, we designed a prospective autopsy study in which a detailed examination of coronary lesions was carried out. (ahajournals.org)
• A disproportionate accumulation of abdominal fat is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Excess6

• An excess of visceral fat is known as central obesity, the "pot belly" or "beer belly" effect, in which the abdomen protrudes excessively. (wikipedia.org)
• 2 Excess body weight has been hypothesised to predispose to OSA in numerous ways, including reduction in upper airway lumen due to fat deposition, reduction of lung volume due to increased abdominal fat and instability of breathing associated with leptin resistance. (bmj.com)
• Although obesity is a health hazard, not every obese person has the expected metabolic abnormalities associated with excess body fat. (cmaj.ca)
• Therefore, inadequate magnesium intake seems to prompt a vicious cycle of low magnesium levels, elevated insulin and glucose levels, and excess magnesium excretion. (mercola.com)
• The degree of risk is influenced for example, by the relative amount of excess body weight, the location of the body fat, the extent of weight gain during adulthood and amount of physical activity. (vitadidonna.it)
• Causes of visceral fat accumulation include glucocorticoid excess or decreased estrogen/androgen ratio either in plasma or within adipose tissue. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Adipocytes5

• Normally, adipose tissues contain adipocytes to store fat for energy during fasting period and release leptin to regulate homeostasis of energy and sensitize insulin. (wikipedia.org)
• Regarding anti-obesity effects, the OVX induced rats treated with 60 and 120 mg/kg of the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture showed a decrease in total fat pad thickness, the mean diameters of adipocytes and the body weights gain compared with OVX induced control rats. (mdpi.com)
• The aim of this research project is to examine the molecular interactions between fat cells (adipocytes) and tumour cells in the context of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. (tcd.ie)
• malignant fat) develops into beige adipocytes remains obscure, largely because there is a lack of a good animal model for the induction of beige adipocytes from aWAT. (sciencemag.org)
• Recent studies reported that brown-like (beige) adipocytes could be a distinct type of thermogenic fat cell and are induced from WAT by exposure to cold and other stimuli ( 2 ). (sciencemag.org)

Triglyceride5

• Muscle triglyceride, subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat content were not related to EGP. (unboundmedicine.com)
• Continuous elevation in triglyceride levels further contributes to metabolic problems including insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
• The treatment produced, after 12 and 24 weeks, a significant increase in DHA and EPA in total plasma, a 59 and 84% decrease in anandamide plasma levels, and a 22.5 and 20.6% decrease in triglyceride levels, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
• 1 It turned out that the saturated fat heptadecanoic acid was most beneficial for metabolism, and dolphins with the highest levels in their blood had lower insulin and triglyceride levels. (mercola.com)
• In turn, there is an increase in sugar and fats in your bloodstream which leads to high triglyceride levels and increased body fat-especially abdominal fat, and higher blood pressure. (healthimpactnews.com)

Subcutaneous abdominal1

• total body, intra-abdominal, and subcutaneous abdominal fat at 12 months. (nih.gov)

Abdomen8

• Abdominal obesity , also known as central obesity , occurs when excessive abdominal fat around the stomach and abdomen has built up to the extent that it is likely to have a negative impact on health. (wikipedia.org)
• The fat may be equally distributed around the body or concentrated around the abdomen or midriff (apple-shaped) or the hips and thighs (pear-shaped). (netdoctor.co.uk)
• Together with Joslin post-doctoral fellow Stephane Gesta, Ph.D., and colleagues at the University of Leipzig in Germany, the researchers for the first time used gene chips as a tool to understand what genes might control the development of fat inside the abdomen versus fat under the skin. (innovations-report.com)
• Exercise reduces fat deep in the abdomen ("intra-abdominal" fat), a hidden risk factor because it can raise insulin levels, which promote the growth of cancer cells as well as cholesterol levels. (pakobserver.net)
• People with high levels of intra-abdominal fat may not even know it, McTiernan said, because it is hidden, deposited around the internal organs within the abdomen. (fredhutch.org)
• The bladder extends to the level of the umbilicus at birth and therefore is more exposed to a direct impact to the lower abdomen. (medscape.com)
• The abdominal fat includes subcutaneous (SC) fat of abdomen, intraperidonial (IP) fat and retroperidonial (RP) fat. (biomedcentral.com)
• On account of different ethnicity may have different distribution of abdominal fat, in this study, we investigate regional fat deposition of abdomen, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and chronic inflammation factors in healthy non-diabetic Taiwanese adults with large population. (biomedcentral.com)

Visceral adipose tissue2

• Besides, the researchers found that NCOA3 deficient mice redistributed fat between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) under high-fat diet (HFD), and that NCOA3 ablation led to a significantly higher VAT/SCAT weight ratio under HFD versus normal diet - providing an evidence of the role in redistributing fat distribution for NCOA3 [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• Papadakis, Georgios E;Hans, Didier;Rodriguez, Elena Gonzalez;Vollenweider, Peter;Waeber, Gerard;Marques-Vidal, Pedro;Lamy, Olivier 2018-03-27 00:00:00 Abstract Context After menopause, fat mass (FM) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) increase and nonbone lean body mass (LBM) decreases. (deepdyve.com)

Hyperglycemia4

• The high-fat diet led to a state of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, associated with increased deposits of intra-abdominal fat, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. (springer.com)
• We have previously shown that treatment of Zucker rats and mice with diet-induced obesity with dietary docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids in the form of krill oil reduces peripheral levels of endocannabinoids, ectopic fat formation and hyperglycemia. (biomedcentral.com)
• Mouse islets engrafted on the intra-abdominal epididymal fat pad ameliorated streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia with similar efficacy as grafts implanted intraportally. (ovid.com)
• Prompt recurrent hyperglycemia occurred in all mice after removal of the epididymal fat pad bearing the islet graft. (ovid.com)

Associated with insulin resistance2

• The oil contains unique fatty acids known to suppress a bodily enzyme associated with insulin resistance, which could indirectly help with reducing belly fat. (healthcanal.com)
• These include dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance associated with insulin resistance, as well as changes in the normal distribution of body fat resulting in loss of peripheral fat (lipoatrophy) and accumulation of 'central' fat. (natap.org)

Postmenopausal women8

• 33% body fat), postmenopausal women aged 50 to 75 years who were living in the Seattle, Wash, area. (nih.gov)
• Regular exercise such as brisk walking results in reduced body weight and body fat among overweight and obese postmenopausal women. (nih.gov)
• The SHAPE-1 study examined the effects of a 1-year exercise programme on endogenous hormone levels (associated with breast cancer among 189 sedentary postmenopausal women. (umcutrecht.nl)
• Purpose of SHAPE study is to examine the effects of a 1-year moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise programme on endogenous hormone levels associated with breast cancer among sedentary postmenopausal women and whether the amount of total body fat or abdominal fat mediates the effects. (biomedcentral.com)
• In postmenopausal women, increased levels of estrogens due to peripheral conversion (mainly in fat cells) from androgens result from increased body fat, particularly intra-abdominal fat mass. (biomedcentral.com)
• The results support and build upon findings of a previous study in postmenopausal women, reported by McTiernan and colleagues in 2003, which indicated regular exercise effectively reduced intra-abdominal fat. (fredhutch.org)
• We used data from a randomized clinical trial investigating the effect of a yearlong moderate intensity exercise program versus control on serum levels of endogenous sex hormones in postmenopausal women ( 7 ). (aacrjournals.org)
• Briefly, the study investigated the effect of a yearlong moderate intensity exercise intervention in postmenopausal women on serum levels of endogenous sex hormones and, secondarily, changes in weight, body mass index, percentage body fat, and immune function. (aacrjournals.org)

Correlate1

• Ebal E, Cavalié H, Michaux O, Lac G, 2008 Visceral fat and total body fat mass correlate differently with hormones in rat. (springer.com)

Clinically4

• CRP levels can effectively predict the development of clinically relevant pancreatic fistulas. (hindawi.com)
• The abnormal distribution of body fat, which in most cases only becomes noticable clinically during the second year of treatment, by itself may well provide a mechanism which reinforces and sustains the dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance initially triggered by PI-containing treatment. (natap.org)
• Most people don't know about intra-abdominal fat, but they should, since it is the most clinically significant type of fat. (fredhutch.org)
• These results indicate that the severity of clinically silent coronary lesions in younger female individuals is associated with increased WHR and increased amounts of intraperitoneal fat. (ahajournals.org)

Mice9

• C57black/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet containing 30% fat for 10 weeks. (springer.com)
• GHR-/- mice were also analyzed with respect to serum levels of lipoproteins, apolipoprotein (apo)B, leptin, glucose, and insulin as well as body composition. (gu.se)
• Mice that were fed a high-fat diet and that became obese were protected against insulin resistance and the high glucose and insulin levels of their counterparts when they were bred to have more GLUT4. (amazonaws.com)
• We here report that mice deficient in the muscle isoform PFK-M have greatly reduced fat stores. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
• In mice, genetic deletion of the enzymes catalyzing endocannabinoid hydrolysis, i.e. fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase, is followed by elevation of AEA and 2-AG levels, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
• These HSA-IL2SP-IL15 transgenic mice may be useful in studying diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and fat/lean body composition, as well as the control of IL-15 secretion and muscle-derived humoral factors (myokines). (jax.org)
• To investigate this question the researchers examined the genetic makeup of fat samples from around internal organs and under the skin of both mice and almost 200 human subjects ranging from normal to very obese, and including people with mostly abdominal obesity and people with subcutaneous and intra-abdominal obesity. (innovations-report.com)
• Genetically obese ( ob/ob ) mice, but not hyperlipidemic mice deficient in apolipoprotein E ( Apoe -/- ), had significantly higher circulating levels of SAA than their littermate controls. (scialert.net)
• Mice that received as few as 50 islets, either intraportal or in the epididymal fat pad, displayed similar glucose tolerance curves. (ovid.com)

Cholesterol6

• 4. Presence of reflexes, response to a group of antibiotics and antihypertensives may be continued in full doses of 17 mcg/ml, its metabolism substantial amount of nutrients, fat, aminos and cholesterol by de novo overactive bladder (chapter 20). (bigsurlandtrust.org)
• Early research suggests that drinking tea containing yerba mate three times daily for 40 days can lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL or "bad") cholesterol in people with high levels of lipids (fats) in the blood. (webmd.com)
• Objective- This study was undertaken to determine if insulin resistance without and with obesity influences LDL response to dietary cholesterol and saturated fat. (ahajournals.org)
• A 10 kg weight loss can produce a 15% decrease in LDL cholesterol levels and an 8% increase in HDL cholesterol . (vitadidonna.it)
• With regular, effective aerobic activity , your heart will work more efficiently, which will help you better control high levels of cholesterol in the blood and improve your body's ability to process blood sugars. (bodyhealth.com)
• A: Early signs and symptoms include: decrease in muscle mass, increase in body fat, increase in cholesterol level, reduced energy, emotional instability, poor memory and concentration. (drlam.com)

Organs9

• In other words, visceral fat is located between the organs and contributes to belly fat. (scienceblog.com)
• Visceral fat , also known as organ fat or intra-abdominal fat , is located inside the peritoneal cavity , packed in between internal organs and torso, as opposed to subcutaneous fat , which is found underneath the skin , and intramuscular fat , which is found interspersed in skeletal muscle . (wikipedia.org)
• Visceral fat surrounds the intra-abdominal organs while subcutaneous fat is found just beneath the skin. (newswise.com)
• Deep abdominal fat encircling organs is correlated with insulin resistance and poor health. (sott.net)
• A person may have a normal BMI or be relatively thin, and still have deadly fat accumulated in visceral organs. (sott.net)
• An overweight person may have little to no fat accumulated in visceral organs, therefore at little risk for poor health . (sott.net)
• The really icky fat stuff tucked in and around your internal organs that has been linked to higher rates of heart disease and cancer. (bodyrock.tv)
• A lower fat content and more elastic attachments are typical of the intra-abdominal organs in children. (medscape.com)
• The child's spleen has a thicker capsule than that of the adult, yet the spleen is among the most commonly injured solid organs in blunt abdominal trauma. (medscape.com)

Overweight6

• Furthermore, although overweight people tend to be more likely to have increased inflammation, it is not known whether there is a connection between increased body weight and chronic abdominal pain. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• This study will examine the relationship between symptoms of chronic abdominal pain and intestinal inflammation by comparing the medical test results of normal weight and overweight patients who have a history of chronic abdominal pain. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• 1 , 2 Epidemiologic and metabolic studies have shown that the metabolic complications of overweight and obesity are more related to the localization rather than to the amount of total body fat. (cmaj.ca)
• A recent study showed that abdominal obesity rather than body mass index (BMI) or general overweight is associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. (tcd.ie)
• The researchers compared levels of activity for these three genes --Tbx15, Gpc4, and HoxA5 -- in intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat taken from individuals of normal weight versus overweight or obese individuals. (innovations-report.com)
• In a young healthy athlete, BMI can overestimate body fat, especially if it is in the overweight range. (jaoa.org)

Inflammation4

• One possible cause of chronic abdominal pain is an inflammation of the intestines, but it is not known whether the two are related. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• Panniculitis is an inflammatory nodules of the subcutaneous fat, and in this type of AGL, adipose destruction originates locally at the infection or inflammation site and develops into generalized lipodystrophy. (wikipedia.org)
• This study was designed to examine the relation between insulin sensitivity, chronic inflammation and central fat distribution in non-diabetic volunteers in Taiwanese. (biomedcentral.com)
• IP fat is better predictors of IR and subclinical chronic inflammation in Taiwanese adults. (biomedcentral.com)

Mass of adipose tissue1

• Techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging made it possible to categorize mass of adipose tissue located at the abdominal level into intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat. (wikipedia.org)

Tissue11

• In humans, obesity does not depend on t body weight, but the amount of body fat-specifically adipose tissue (Kershaw, 2004). (scienceblog.com)
• Here, we highlight recent human and rodent studies that support the notion that the ability to recruit new fat cells through adipogenesis is a critical determinant of healthy adipose tissue distribution and remodeling in obesity. (jci.org)
• Not surprisingly, when we compared the relationship of both visceral fat tissue and subcutaneous fat tissue to whole and refined grain intake, we saw a more striking association with visceral fat. (newswise.com)
• Phase III clinical trials showed the drug's ability to regulate intra-abdominal fat tissue levels, lipidemic, glycemic and inflammatory parameters. (nih.gov)
• As the level of leptin in the body is proportional to the amount of adipose tissue present, AGL patients also have a deficiency of leptin which contributes to excessive eating and worsens the metabolic syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
• Although the pharmacological arsenal to decrease body weight and intra-abdominal adipose tissue remains limited, a few pharmacological compounds have been shown to reduce atherogenic intra-abdominal fat. (amazonaws.com)
• And it is waistline adipose tissue (central obesity) which seems to be the foremost type of fat deposits contributing to rising levels of serum resistin. (wikipedia.org)
• Macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue in obesity contribute to the reported inflammatory profile in abdominal obesity. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
• If your carbohydrate intake is high, you'll end up storing both the fat and the carbohydrates in your body fat tissue thanks to the hormone insulin. (sott.net)
• However, how the regional distribution of abdominal adipose tissue affects this adipokines is still controversial in different race. (biomedcentral.com)
• Presence of brown adipose tissue, a metabolically highly active organ with increased thermogenic activity, in RP fat is always neglected. (biomedcentral.com)

High21

• High levels of physical activity are associated with lower total and visceral body fat levels. (scielo.br)
• To study the compound, Perfield added sterculic oil to the feed of rats that are genetically disposed to have a high amount of abdominal fat. (healthcanal.com)
• Unusually high adipose levels trigger health problems that may induce insulin resistance, which causes the body to have difficulty maintaining blood sugar levels. (healthcanal.com)
• In this study, we investigated the role of PGC-1α in the inflammatory changes observed in steatohepatitis induced by high-fat diet. (springer.com)
• 2007) concluded that a high abdominal circumference is associated with great functional repercussion. (wikipedia.org)
• Metabolic complications include insulin resistance, high metabolic rate, and uncontrolled lipid levels such as hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL, and high LDL. (wikipedia.org)
• Rats fed a high (50% of calories) fat diet for 8 weeks showed 50% decreases in insulin-stimulated glucose transport. (amazonaws.com)
• High lipid (fat) levels in the blood. (webmd.com)
• For the last 50 years, Americans have been told to eat a high complex carbohydrate, low saturated fat diet. (mercola.com)
• Several dolphins with low heptadecanoic acid levels were then fed fish high in the saturated fat. (mercola.com)
• Also striking, elevated levels of ferritin (iron), which is a precursor to metabolic syndrome, were also lowered within three weeks of the high saturated fat diet. (mercola.com)
• Insulin resistance occurs when your body cannot use insulin properly, allowing your blood sugar levels to get too high. (mercola.com)
• When challenged with low-fat/low-energy or high-fat/high-energy diets, overexpression of circulating IL-15 leads to significantly decreased body fat in males and significantly increased lean body mass in females. (jax.org)
• Epidemiological studies have found a low incidence of colon cancer in Finland and in areas of the Mediterranean where the consumption of fats is high and the main sources of the omega-3 family are fish and PUFA-rich fish oils 6,7 . (scielo.br)
• High levels of stress hormones have been shown to raise blood glucose levels, promote overeating, lead to the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat, contribute to insulin resistance, and boost heart attack risk. (todaysdietitian.com)
• They also had high levels of the pituitary hormones FSH and LH, which are elevated at menopause. (monash.edu)
• Chapados N, Collin P, Imbeault P, Corriveau P, Lavoie JM, 2008 Exercise training decreases in vitro stimulated lipolysis in a visceral (mesenteric) but not in the retroperitoneal fat depot of high-fat-fed rats. (springer.com)
• This metabolic profile is most often seen in obese people with a high accumulation of intra-abdominal fat ("apples") and has consistently been related to an increased risk of CHD. (vitadidonna.it)
• Unfortunately, given the high amount of carbohydrate in the average diet, with the constantly spiking insulin levels, the body doesn't get back to burning that fat any time soon. (sott.net)
• High levels of insulin - "hyperinsulinemia" - leads to insulin resistance which in turn, leads to visceral fat accumulation which functions as a virtual factory for inflammatory signals. (sott.net)
• A: High intensity weight training has been shown to result in rapid and sustained increase in growth hormone levels in both men and women. (drlam.com)

Insulin sensitivity3

• Back in 2008, I began writing about the effect of dietary fat on insulin sensitivity, and blood levels of glucose and insulin. (amazonaws.com)
• Over the years I learned that saturated fat decreased insulin sensitivity more than other fats, e.g. (amazonaws.com)
• One mechanism by which dietary fat decreases insulin sensitivity, raising blood glucose and insulin levels is through reduced action of the glucose transporter GLUT4. (amazonaws.com)

Inflammatory2

• No association was observed between physical activity level and inflammatory markers. (who.int)
• Since BMI alone is not enough to screen for inflammatory fat correlated with chronic disease, we need to take a closer look to one of the most prevalent forms of visceral fat. (sott.net)

Glucose7

• RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Baseline values of plasma adiponectin, results of anthropometry, fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels, HbA 1c , results of lipid profile, and insulin resistance were analyzed in 91 subjects with IGT (53 men and 38 women) in a primary prevention study. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Abdominal fat is especially active hormonally, secreting a group of hormones called adipokines that may possibly impair glucose tolerance . (wikipedia.org)
• Pioglitazone treatment reduced mean plasma fasting glucose and mean peak postprandial glucose levels. (unboundmedicine.com)
• Bagdade JD, Bierman EL, Porte D Jr. The significance of basal insulin levels in the evaluation of the insulin response to glucose and non-diabetic subjects. (springer.com)
• While endurance training does not increase your muscle mass as much, it does enhance your muscular uptake of blood glucose without changes in body weight or abdominal fat. (diabetesdaily.com)
• In older adults (average of 72 years), all it took was low- to moderate-intensity "walking" on mini-trampolines for 20 to 40 minutes four days per week over a four-month period to enhance their glucose uptake without any additional insulin release or loss of abdominal fat. (diabetesdaily.com)
• Bioluminescence imaging and glucose measurement showed stable luminescence signals and blood glucose levels for over 5 months in both transplant sites using transgenic luciferase-positive islets. (ovid.com)

Decrease2

• Likewise, if you're an older, type 2 diabetic woman, the combination of aerobic and resistance training may afford even greater improvements in your insulin action and a more significant decrease in your abdominal fat than aerobic training alone, with increased muscle mass to boot. (diabetesdaily.com)
• Patients with sarcopenic obesity have a relative increase in intra-abdominal fat that is greater than subcutaneous or total body fat and a relative decrease in peripheral fat that is greater than central fat-free mass resulting from the loss of skeletal muscle. (jaoa.org)

Patients12

• 2007) examined whether abdominal circumference is a more reliable indicator than BMI of the presence of knee osteoarthritis in obese patients. (wikipedia.org)
• On the first visit, patients will provide a medical history, including information about current medications or natural remedies and tobacco and alcohol use, and will also fill out questionnaires to provide information about symptoms, current levels of gastrointestinal pain, and general quality of life. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• On the day of the visit, patients will fill out questionnaires to provide information about symptoms, current levels of gastrointestinal pain, and general quality of life. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• Patients will also be asked to put on the bathing suit and swim cap to have their body fat measured using a machine called the BOD POD. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• The clinical presentation is similar to people with congenital lipodystrophy: the only difference is that AGL patients are born with normal fat distribution and symptoms develop in childhood and adolescence years and rarely begins after 30 years of age. (wikipedia.org)
• Subcutaneous fat loss in AGL patients are visible in all parts of the body. (wikipedia.org)
• Serum leptin and ghrelin levels were investigated in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome before and during continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) treatment and compared with body mass index (BMI)-matched controls without OSA. (ersjournals.com)
• Baseline plasma ghrelin levels were significantly higher in OSA patients than in controls. (ersjournals.com)
• After 2 days of CPAP treatment, plasma ghrelin decreased in almost all OSA patients (n=9) to levels that were only slightly higher than those of controls (n=9). (ersjournals.com)
• Association of epicardial fat thickness with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in obese patients. (springermedizin.at)
• Relationships between body fat distribution, epicardial fat and obstructive sleep apnea in obese patients with and without metabolic syndrome. (springermedizin.at)
• Effects of statins on the epicardial fat thickness in patients coronary artery stenosis underwent percutaneous coronary intervention: comparison of atorvastatin with simvastatine/ezetimibe. (springermedizin.at)

MRNA1

• Finally, extracted VF retained ∼15-fold higher resistin mRNA compared with SC fat. (diabetesjournals.org)

Methods1

• New methods are under review to appropriately measure visceral fat. (scienceblog.com)

Metabolic abnormalities3

• Do obese but metabolically normal women differ in intra-abdominal fat and physical activity levels from those with the expected metabolic abnormalities? (biomedcentral.com)
• The hallmark characteristics are widespread loss of subcutaneous fat, ectopic fat deposition, leptin deficiency, and severe metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
• Hayes L, Pearce MS, Firbank MJ, Walker M, Taylor R, Unwin NC, 2010 Do obese but metabolically normal women differ in intra-abdominal fat and physical activity levels from those with the expected metabolic abnormalities? (springer.com)

Development of central obesity1

• Low serum total testosterone predicts the development of central obesity and accumulation of intra-abdominal fat ( 1 - 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Belly fat4

• Reducing belly fat is a key to reducing the incidence of serious disease, and this oil could have a future as a nutritional supplement. (healthcanal.com)
• It is also now understood that there is a strong relationship between intra-abdominal fat ("belly fat") and your metabolism, which has greater effects on your overall health. (bodyhealth.com)
• Try eating these food to sleep better, lose more weight and melt that belly fat away! (bodyrock.tv)
• Milk may actually do a body good when it comes to belly fat! (bodyrock.tv)

Significantly4

• The estradiol and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly increased in OVX induced rats treated with the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture (120 mg/kg) compared with OVX induced control rats, also, the uterine atrophy was significantly inhibited in 60 and 120 mg/kg of the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture treatment compared with OVX control rats. (mdpi.com)
• When it comes to obesity, the location of body fat can significantly impact one's risk for developing serious chronic diseases. (innovations-report.com)
• Ovariectomy significantly augmented body weight (BW), left ventricle (LV) mass, and intra-abdominal fat pad weight and decreased the expression of oxytocin receptor (OTR), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A), in the right atrium (RA) and LV, indicating estrogenic control of these genes. (biomedsearch.com)
• A 2010 study conducted at the University of Alabama at Birmingham found that among a group of more than 100 premenopausal women, fat was significantly reduced in those who consumed the most calcium-rich foods. (bodyrock.tv)

Predicts1

• By contrast, obesity predicts low total and free testosterone levels. (springer.com)

Obese subjects1

• Abdominal obesity is not confined only to the elderly and obese subjects. (wikipedia.org)

Computed tomography3

• In Japanese Americans, intra-abdominal fat area measured by computed tomography is positively associated with the prevalence and incidence of hypertension. (ahajournals.org)
• Mid-thigh subcutaneous fat area, abdominal subcutaneous fat area, and intra-abdominal fat area were directly measured by computed tomography at baseline and 5 years. (ahajournals.org)
• Intra-abdominal fat (IAF) and subcutaneous fat (SQF) were measured in normal (n=4) and heart disease (n=4) dogs at the levels of lumbar 4 and 5, using computed tomography. (vin.com)

Physical9

• The aim of this study was to determine to what extent differences in metabolic health in very obese women are explained by differences in body fat distribution, insulin resistance and level of physical activity. (biomedcentral.com)
• Intra-abdominal fat, insulin resistance and physical activity make independent contributions to metabolic status in very obese women, but explain only around a third of the variance. (biomedcentral.com)
• Differences in fat distribution, insulin resistance, and physical activity level are associated with metabolic differences in these women, but account only partially for these differences. (biomedcentral.com)
• Verify the relationship between visceral fat (VF), physical performance and biochemical markers of soldiers in the Brazilian Army. (scielo.br)
• The association persisted after we accounted for other lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable intake, percentage of calories from fat and physical activity. (newswise.com)
• Physical activity may promote weight and body fat loss. (nih.gov)
• Data on nutritional intake, physical activity level and smoking habits were collected through a questionnaire. (who.int)
• Other study parameters include: amount of total and abdominal fat, weight, BMI, body fat distribution, physical fitness, blood pressure and lifestyle factors. (biomedcentral.com)
• But do you know that recent studies show that heart health is more accurately indicated by your level of regular physical activity than by your body mass, even factoring in obesity? (bodyhealth.com)

Body weight2

• Sedentary, insulin-resistant, middle-aged adults engaging in 30 minutes of moderate walking three to seven days per week for six months succeeded in reversing their prediabetic state-without changing their diets or losing any body weight (although their body proportions of fat and muscle likely changed). (diabetesdaily.com)
• In males, circulating testosterone blood levels have been shown to be influenced by body weight and composition. (springer.com)

Blood lipid1

• Intra-abdominal fat has a negative effect on your blood lipid levels and blood pressure, which interfere with your body's ability to use insulin effectively. (bodyhealth.com)

Total11

• Also, low total and free testosterone and SHBG levels are associated with an increased risk of developing the metabolic syndrome, independent of age and obesity ( 1 - 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
• To examine the effects of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat overall and by level of exercise. (nih.gov)
• In addition, the role of total body fat and intra-abdominal fat was explored. (umcutrecht.nl)
• As expected, peripheral and hepatic insulin action were markedly impaired in aging FBN rats, and extraction of VF (accounting for ∼18% of their total body fat) was sufficient to restore peripheral and hepatic insulin action to the levels of young rats. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Several epidemiological studies have established an inverse correlation between obesity and serum total and free testosterone levels in men of all ages [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], however, although many underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, many more need to be elucidated. (springer.com)
• The relationships among obesity, metabolic syndrome, ED, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and serum total and free testosterone levels are complex and often confusing to the physician. (nature.com)
• low serum SHBG levels in obesity contribute to the low serum total testosterone. (nature.com)
• Obesity is associated with low total testosterone levels that can be explained at least partially by lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in obese men. (nature.com)
• 7 In recent years, epidemiological studies have shown a negative correlation between BMI and total testosterone and to a lesser extent with free and bioavailable (biologically active) testosterone levels. (nature.com)
• Total body fat and abdominal fat were measured. (biomedcentral.com)
• 0.001), but not RP fat, SC fat or total body fat. (biomedcentral.com)

Metabolism3

• OBJECTIVE -Adiponectin, secreted by fat cells, has regulatory functions on energy metabolism. (diabetesjournals.org)
• Obese men may present with abnormal levels of reproductive hormones due to changes in their secretion and metabolism, alterations in their transport and/or action at target tissues. (springer.com)
• Intra-adipose sex steroid metabolism is a determinant of gynoid versus androgen patterns of body fat. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Lipid levels2

• The study cohort was similar to samples of the UK population in many characteristics, including anthropometry, blood pressure and lipid levels, but it had a lower proportion of smokers. (cmaj.ca)
• In summary, this study demonstrated that variation in NCOA3 might influence the risk of dyslipidemia and serum lipid levels in Chinese Han population. (biomedcentral.com)

Reduces2

• Whilst acute or chronic elevation of peripheral endocannabinoid levels is accompanied by, and may contribute to, metabolic disorders in obese animals and human subjects, counteraction of CB1 activity with selective inverse agonists or antagonists reduces obesity and several ensuing metabolic disorders and counteracts the dysmetabolic effects of a HFD in rodents [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• The reason: Exercise effectively reduces weight, overall body fat and intra-abdominal fat, a hidden risk factor for many chronic illnesses. (fredhutch.org)

Increase12

• This increase has been linked to rising levels of obesity and the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat. (mindfood.com)
• Similarly, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic men who did 16 weeks of "progressive" resistance training (the resistance lifted was increased over time) just twice a week gained muscle mass, lost body fat (particularly in the abdominal region), and greatly enhanced their insulin action-all despite a 15 percent increase in the amount of calories they consumed. (diabetesdaily.com)
• Human obesity is associated with decreased ghrelin levels that increase after weight reduction 17 . (ersjournals.com)
• The latter is particularly, but not solely, reflected in an increase of intra-abdominal fat. (natap.org)
• This is not surprising given that insulin resistance, intra-abdominal fat accumulation, and dyslipidaemia, in the absence of HIV infection, are all known to substantially increase the risk of CAD. (natap.org)
• Circulating SAA levels increase in obese humans, but the roles of adipose-derived SAA and hyperlipidemia in this process are unclear. (scialert.net)
• Several prospective studies have shown a greater increase of abdominal fat after menopause, leading to a shift from a gynoid to an android pattern of fat distribution (5-7). (deepdyve.com)
• Fat activists argue that anti-fat stigma and buy sibutramine tablets online uk aggressive diet promotion have led to an increase in psychological and physiological problems among fat people. (cursivenewyork.com)
• This age-related loss of muscle mass in addition to an increase in fat mass is called sarcopenic obesity and represents a redistribution of fat mass and fat-free mass. (jaoa.org)
• A: Growth hormone replacement has been shown to increase energy levels and improve memory. (drlam.com)
• Q: Can I increase my growth hormone levels without taking shots or pills? (drlam.com)
• Q: I have heard that doing weight training can increase my growth hormone level. (drlam.com)

Accumulation of fat2

• The accumulation of fat in the abdominal region is a well known independent risk factor for coronary heart disease in both men and women. (ahajournals.org)
• The purpose was to find out whether the actual degree of coronary pathology, evaluated in terms of the extent of intima involved, narrowing caused by the lesions, and the microscopic composition of the lesions, is associated with increased abdominal accumulation of fat. (ahajournals.org)

Apple shaped2

• This body type is also known as "apple shaped", as opposed to "pear shaped", in which fat is deposited on the hips and buttocks. (wikipedia.org)
• In recent years, physicians have become aware of the increased danger posed by abdominal fat - the fat that accumulates beneath the abdominal wall and gives you a pot belly or makes you apple-shaped . (clevelandclinic.org)

Thickness1

• Gender-related changes of the epicardial fat thickness and leptin in obstructive sleep apnea. (springermedizin.at)

Free fatty1

• Putative mechanisms responsible for the modulation of insulin action by VF include increased portal release of free fatty acids (FFAs) ( 8 , 9 ) and/or abnormal expression and secretion of fat-derived peptides, such as resistin ( 10 ), leptin, ACRP30, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( 11 ). (diabetesjournals.org)