Leukemia. Medical search

A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)

Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.

A chronic leukemia characterized by abnormal B-lymphocytes and often generalized lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting predominately with blood and bone marrow involvement it is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); in those predominately with enlarged lymph nodes it is called small lymphocytic lymphoma. These terms represent spectrums of the same disease.

Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.

Leukemia induced experimentally in animals by exposure to leukemogenic agents, such as VIRUSES; RADIATION; or by TRANSPLANTATION of leukemic tissues.

Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.

Species of GAMMARETROVIRUS, containing many well-defined strains, producing leukemia in mice. Disease is commonly induced by injecting filtrates of propagable tumors into newborn mice.

A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.

A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood.

An acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage including monoblasts, promonocytes, and MONOCYTES.

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) arising during the propagation of S37 mouse sarcoma, and causing lymphoid leukemia in mice. It also infects rats and newborn hamsters. It is apparently transmitted to embryos in utero and to newborns through mother's milk.

A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy, and the presence of "hairy" or "flagellated" cells in the blood and bone marrow.

A malignant disease of the B-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow and/or blood.

The type species of DELTARETROVIRUS that causes a form of bovine lymphosarcoma (ENZOOTIC BOVINE LEUKOSIS) or persistent lymphocytosis.

A species of GAMMARETROVIRUS causing leukemia, lymphosarcoma, immune deficiency, or other degenerative diseases in cats. Several cellular oncogenes confer on FeLV the ability to induce sarcomas (see also SARCOMA VIRUSES, FELINE).

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in leukemia.

Leukemia produced by exposure to IONIZING RADIATION or NON-IONIZING RADIATION.

Myeloid-lymphoid leukemia protein is a transcription factor that maintains high levels of HOMEOTIC GENE expression during development. The GENE for myeloid-lymphoid leukemia protein is commonly disrupted in LEUKEMIA and combines with over 40 partner genes to form FUSION ONCOGENE PROTEINS.

An experimental lymphocytic leukemia originally induced in DBA/2 mice by painting with methylcholanthrene.

An acute leukemia exhibiting cell features characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages and probably arising from MULTIPOTENT STEM CELLS.

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) producing leukemia of the reticulum-cell type with massive infiltration of liver, spleen, and bone marrow. It infects DBA/2 and Swiss mice.

A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)

Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset, caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.

A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472)

An acute myeloid leukemia in which 20-30% of the bone marrow or peripheral blood cells are of megakaryocyte lineage. MYELOFIBROSIS or increased bone marrow RETICULIN is common.

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) isolated from spontaneous leukemia in AKR strain mice.

Translation products of a fusion gene derived from CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION of C-ABL GENES to the genetic locus of the breakpoint cluster region gene on chromosome 22. Several different variants of the bcr-abl fusion proteins occur depending upon the precise location of the chromosomal breakpoint. These variants can be associated with distinct subtypes of leukemias such as PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; LEUKEMIA, MYELOGENOUS, CHRONIC, BCR-ABL POSITIVE; and NEUTROPHILIC LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC.

The initial phase of chronic myeloid leukemia consisting of an relatively indolent period lasting from 4 to 7 years. Patients range from asymptomatic to those exhibiting ANEMIA; SPLENOMEGALY; and increased cell turnover. There are 5% or fewer blast cells in the blood and bone marrow in this phase.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Therapeutic act or process that initiates a response to a complete or partial remission level.

A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and adolescents and characterized by a high number of lymphoblasts and solid tumor lesions. Frequent sites involve LYMPH NODES, skin, and bones. It most commonly presents as leukemia.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

A rare, aggressive variant of MULTIPLE MYELOMA characterized by the circulation of excessive PLASMA CELLS in the peripheral blood. It can be a primary manifestation of multiple myeloma or develop as a terminal complication during the disease.

The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia following the chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC-PHASE), where there are increased systemic symptoms, worsening cytopenias, and refractory LEUKOCYTOSIS.

Mapping of the KARYOTYPE of a cell.

An ERYTHROLEUKEMIA cell line derived from a CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA patient in BLAST CRISIS.

A lymphoid leukemia characterized by a profound LYMPHOCYTOSIS with or without LYMPHADENOPATHY, hepatosplenomegaly, frequently rapid progression, and short survival. It was formerly called T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

A strain of PRIMATE T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1 isolated from mature T4 cells in patients with T-lymphoproliferation malignancies. It causes adult T-cell leukemia (LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED), T-cell lymphoma (LYMPHOMA, T-CELL), and is involved in mycosis fungoides, SEZARY SYNDROME and tropical spastic paraparesis (PARAPARESIS, TROPICAL SPASTIC).

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A chronic leukemia characterized by a large number of circulating prolymphocytes. It can arise spontaneously or as a consequence of transformation of CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

A transcription factor that dimerizes with the cofactor CORE BINDING FACTOR BETA SUBUNIT to form core binding factor. It contains a highly conserved DNA-binding domain known as the runt domain. Runx1 is frequently mutated in human LEUKEMIAS.

A leukemia affecting young children characterized by SPLENOMEGALY, enlarged lymph nodes, rashes, and hemorrhages. Traditionally classed as a myeloproliferative disease, it is now considered a mixed myeloproliferative-mylelodysplastic disorder.

A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPATHY and THYMUS GLAND involvement. It most frequently presents as a lymphoma, but a leukemic progression in the bone marrow is common.

A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the primary differentiation is to BASOPHILS. It is characterized by an extreme increase of immature basophilic granulated cells in the bone marrow and blood. Mature basophils are usually sparse.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A pathologic change in leukemia in which leukemic cells permeate various organs at any stage of the disease. All types of leukemia show various degrees of infiltration, depending upon the type of leukemia. The degree of infiltration may vary from site to site. The liver and spleen are common sites of infiltration, the greatest appearing in myelocytic leukemia, but infiltration is seen also in the granulocytic and lymphocytic types. The kidney is also a common site and of the gastrointestinal system, the stomach and ileum are commonly involved. In lymphocytic leukemia the skin is often infiltrated. The central nervous system too is a common site.

A hydrolase enzyme that converts L-asparagine and water to L-aspartate and NH3. EC 3.5.1.1.

A receptor tyrosine kinase that is involved in HEMATOPOIESIS. It is closely related to FMS PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN and is commonly mutated in acute MYELOID LEUKEMIA.

An aberrant form of human CHROMOSOME 22 characterized by translocation of the distal end of chromosome 9 from 9q34, to the long arm of chromosome 22 at 22q11. It is present in the bone marrow cells of 80 to 90 per cent of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, MYELOGENOUS, CHRONIC, BCR-ABL POSITIVE).

A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.

A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorder characterized by myelodysplasia associated with bone marrow and peripheral blood patterns similar to CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA, but cytogenetically lacking a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr/abl fusion gene (GENES, ABL).

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

Immunological rejection of leukemia cells following bone marrow transplantation.

A replication-defective strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) capable of transforming lymphoid cells and producing a rapidly progressing lymphoid leukemia after superinfection with FRIEND MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS; MOLONEY MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS; or RAUSCHER VIRUS.

Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

A receptor subunit that combines with CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130 to form the dual specificity receptor for LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR and ONCOSTATIN M. The subunit is also a component of the CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR RECEPTOR. Both membrane-bound and secreted isoforms of the receptor subunit exist due to ALTERNATIVE SPLICING of its mRNA. The secreted isoform is believed to act as an inhibitory receptor, while the membrane-bound form is a signaling receptor.

Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Remnant of a tumor or cancer after primary, potentially curative therapy. (Dr. Daniel Masys, written communication)

The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.

A spectrum of disorders characterized by clonal expansions of the peripheral blood LYMPHOCYTE populations known as large granular lymphocytes which contain abundant cytoplasm and azurophilic granules. Subtypes develop from either CD3-negative NATURAL KILLER CELLS or CD3-positive T-CELLS. The clinical course of both subtypes can vary from spontaneous regression to progressive, malignant disease.

Examination of CHROMOSOMES to diagnose, classify, screen for, or manage genetic diseases and abnormalities. Following preparation of the sample, KARYOTYPING is performed and/or the specific chromosomes are analyzed.

Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Resistance or diminished response of a neoplasm to an antineoplastic agent in humans, animals, or cell or tissue cultures.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Highly proliferative, self-renewing, and colony-forming stem cells which give rise to NEOPLASMS.

Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Binary compounds of oxygen containing the anion O(2-). The anion combines with metals to form alkaline oxides and non-metals to form acidic oxides.

Transcriptional trans-acting proteins of the promoter elements found in the long terminal repeats (LTR) of HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1 and HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2. The tax (trans-activator x; x is undefined) proteins act by binding to enhancer elements in the LTR.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Inorganic or organic compounds that contain arsenic.

The ordered rearrangement of gene regions by DNA recombination such as that which occurs normally during development.

An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.

A nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces antibioticus. It has some antineoplastic properties and has broad spectrum activity against DNA viruses in cell cultures and significant antiviral activity against infections caused by a variety of viruses such as the herpes viruses, the VACCINIA VIRUS and varicella zoster virus.

A species of GAMMARETROVIRUS causing leukemia in the gibbon ape. Natural transmission is by contact.

DNA present in neoplastic tissue.

A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

A member of the myeloid leukemia factor (MLF) protein family with multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms. In hematopoietic cells, it is located mainly in the nucleus, and in non-hematopoietic cells, primarily in the cytoplasm with a punctate nuclear localization. MLF1 plays a role in cell cycle differentiation.

Retrovirus-associated DNA sequences (abl) originally isolated from the Abelson murine leukemia virus (Ab-MuLV). The proto-oncogene abl (c-abl) codes for a protein that is a member of the tyrosine kinase family. The human c-abl gene is located at 9q34.1 on the long arm of chromosome 9. It is activated by translocation to bcr on chromosome 22 in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

A neoplastic disease of cats frequently associated with feline leukemia virus infection.

A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the cytological and molecular analysis of the CHROMOSOMES, and location of the GENES on chromosomes, and the movements of chromosomes during the CELL CYCLE.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

An antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases including hairy-cell leukemia.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Endogenous or exogenous substances which inhibit the normal growth of human and animal cells or micro-organisms, as distinguished from those affecting plant growth (= PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS).

A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.

Normal cellular genes homologous to viral oncogenes. The products of proto-oncogenes are important regulators of biological processes and appear to be involved in the events that serve to maintain the ordered procession through the cell cycle. Proto-oncogenes have names of the form c-onc.

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by the bovine leukemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukemia but the presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent finding.

An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

RNA present in neoplastic tissue.

An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and prevents the formation of tetrahydrofolate, necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

The short, acrocentric human chromosomes, called group G in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 21 and 22 and the Y chromosome.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

An antitumor alkaloid isolated from VINCA ROSEA. (Merck, 11th ed.)

A form of systemic mastocytosis (MASTOCYTOSIS, SYSTEMIC) characterized by the presence of large numbers of tissue MAST CELLS in the peripheral blood without skin lesions. It is a high-grade LEUKEMIA disease with bone marrow smear of >20% MAST CELLS, multi-organ failure and a short survival.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

Abnormal growths of tissue that follow a previous neoplasm but are not metastases of the latter. The second neoplasm may have the same or different histological type and can occur in the same or different organs as the previous neoplasm but in all cases arises from an independent oncogenic event. The development of the second neoplasm may or may not be related to the treatment for the previous neoplasm since genetic risk or predisposing factors may actually be the cause.

Cell surface receptors formed from the dimerization of LIF RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT with CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130. Although originally described as receptors for LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR these receptors also bind the closely-related protein ONCOSTATIN M and are referred to as both LIF receptors and type I oncostatin M receptors.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) isolated from radiation-induced lymphomas in C57BL mice. It is leukemogenic, thymotrophic, can be transmitted vertically, and replicates only in vivo.

A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.

A rare myeloproliferative disorder that is characterized by a sustained, mature neutrophilic leukocytosis. No monocytosis, EOSINOPHILIA, or basophilia is present, nor is there a PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME or bcr-abl fusion gene (GENES, ABL).

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.

Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES.

Duplex DNA sequences in eukaryotic chromosomes, corresponding to the genome of a virus, that are transmitted from one cell generation to the next without causing lysis of the host. Proviruses are often associated with neoplastic cell transformation and are key features of retrovirus biology.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei.

Antimetabolites that are useful in cancer chemotherapy.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.

A genus in the family RETROVIRIDAE consisting of exogenous horizontally-transmitted viruses found in a few groups of mammals. Infections caused by these viruses include human B- or adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED), and bovine leukemia (ENZOOTIC BOVINE LEUKOSIS). The type species is LEUKEMIA VIRUS, BOVINE.

A CELL LINE derived from human T-CELL LEUKEMIA and used to determine the mechanism of differential susceptibility to anti-cancer drugs and radiation.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma.

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. These include in vitro cell-kill models and cytostatic dye exclusion tests as well as in vivo measurement of tumor growth parameters in laboratory animals.

Chemical substances, produced by microorganisms, inhibiting or preventing the proliferation of neoplasms.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.

Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.

A neoplasm of prolymphocytes affecting the blood, bone marrow, and spleen. It is characterized by prolymphocytes exceeding 55% of the lymphoid cells in the blood and profound splenomegaly.

A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Etoposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA. This complex induces breaks in double stranded DNA and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. Accumulated breaks in DNA prevent entry into the mitotic phase of cell division, and lead to cell death. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle.

A method (first developed by E.M. Southern) for detection of DNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Genes whose gain-of-function alterations lead to NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. They include, for example, genes for activators or stimulators of CELL PROLIFERATION such as growth factors, growth factor receptors, protein kinases, signal transducers, nuclear phosphoproteins, and transcription factors. A prefix of "v-" before oncogene symbols indicates oncogenes captured and transmitted by RETROVIRUSES; the prefix "c-" before the gene symbol of an oncogene indicates it is the cellular homolog (PROTO-ONCOGENES) of a v-oncogene.

Infections caused by the HTLV or BLV deltaretroviruses. They include human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED).

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

The development and formation of various types of BLOOD CELLS. Hematopoiesis can take place in the BONE MARROW (medullary) or outside the bone marrow (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).

A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.

The largest of polypeptide chains comprising immunoglobulins. They contain 450 to 600 amino acid residues per chain, and have molecular weights of 51-72 kDa.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.

Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment). (from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429)

Nucleosides containing arabinose as their sugar moiety.

An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.

A genus of RETROVIRIDAE comprising endogenous sequences in mammals, related RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUSES, AVIAN, and a reptilian virus. Many species contain oncogenes and cause leukemias and sarcomas.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

Proto-oncogene protein bcr is a serine-threonine kinase that functions as a negative regulator of CELL PROLIFERATION and NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. It is commonly fused with cellular abl protein to form BCR-ABL FUSION PROTEINS in PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME positive LEUKEMIA patients.

An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

A bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and HYDROLYSIS of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-RIBOSE. It is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on LYMPHOID CELLS and MYELOID CELLS.

Proteins that are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. Deficiencies or abnormalities in these proteins may lead to unregulated cell growth and tumor development.

Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. They are involved in regulation of B-cell proliferation.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Tetracyclic spiro-BENZAZEPINES isolated from the seeds of CEPHALOTAXUS. They are esters of the alkaloid cephalotaxine and may be effective as antineoplastic agents.

An enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template. It is encoded by the pol gene of retroviruses and by certain retrovirus-like elements. EC 2.7.7.49.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of tumor stem cells by assaying their activity. It is used primarily for the in vitro testing of antineoplastic agents.

Infections produced by oncogenic viruses. The infections caused by DNA viruses are less numerous but more diverse than those caused by the RNA oncogenic viruses.

Immunoglobulins induced by antigens specific for tumors other than the normally occurring HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

Incidence and occupational pattern of leukaemias, lymphomas, and testicular tumours in western Ireland over an 11 year period. (1/5761)

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine incidence of the following malignancies, testicular tumours, all leukaemias and all lymphomas in the West of Ireland in an 11 year period. Secondly, to examine the relation between disease patterns and available occupational data in male subjects of working age. DESIGN: A census survey of all cases occurring in the three counties in the Western Health Board (WHB) area, Galway, Mayo and Roscommon, for the 11 year period 1980 to 1990 inclusive. Average annual age standardised incidence rates for the period were calculated using the 1986 census data. Rates for the area are compared with rates from the southern region of Ireland, which had a tumour registry. Trends over the time period are evaluated. All male subjects for whom occupational data were available were categorised using the Irish socioeconomic group classification and incidence rates by occupation were compared using the standardised incidence ratio method. In one of the counties, Galway, a detailed occupational history of selected cases and an age matched control group was also elicited through patients' general practitioners. SETTING: All available case records in the West of Ireland. RESULTS: There are no national incidence records for the period. Compared with data from the Southern Tumour Registry, the number of cases of women with myeloid leukaemias was significantly lower. Male leukaemia rates were significantly lower as a group (SIR 84 (95% CI 74, 95) but not when considered as individual categories. Regression analysis revealed an increasing trend in the number of new cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among both men (r = 0.47, p = 0.02) and women (r = 0.90, p = 0.0001) and of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in men (r = 0.77, p = 0.005) and women (r = 0.68 p = 0.02) in the WHB region over the last decade. Four hundred and fifty six male cases over the age of 15 years were identified and adequate occupational information was available for 74% of these. Standardised incidence ratios of testicular tumours 100, 938) and agriworkers other than farmers (SIR 377, 95% CI 103, 967). There were also significantly increased incidence ratios for both non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (SIR 169, 95% CI 124, 266) and three categories of leukaemias among farmers. Hodgkin's disease and acute myeloid leukaemias were significantly increased among semi-skilled people. Interview data with 90 cases and 54 controls of both sexes revealed that among farmers, cases (n = 31) were significantly less likely than controls (n = 20) to use tractor mounted spraying techniques (OR = 0.19 (95% CI 0.04, 0.80)) and less likely to wear protective masks (OR 0.22 (95% CI 0.05, 0.84)). CONCLUSIONS: Trends of increase in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and some leukaemias are consistent with studies elsewhere. The study provides further evidence of the relation between agricultural work and certain lymphoproliferative cancers. The possible carcinogenic role of chemicals used in agricultural industries must be considered as an explanation. (+info)

Tissue specific expression and chromosomal mapping of a human UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: alpha1,3-d-mannoside beta1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. (2/5761)

A human cDNA for UDP- N -acetylglucosamine:alpha1,3-d-mannoside beta1,4- N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GnT-IV) was isolated from a liver cDNA library using a probe based on a partial cDNA sequence of the bovine GnT-IV. The cDNA encoded a complete sequence of a type II membrane protein of 535 amino acids which is 96% identical to the bovine GnT-IV. Transient expression of the human cDNA in COS7 cells increased total cellular GnT-IV activity 25-fold, demonstrating that this cDNA encodes a functional human GnT-IV. Northern blot analysis of normal tissues indicated that at least five different sizes of mRNA (9.7, 7.6, 5.1, 3.8, and 2.4 kb) forGnT-IV are expressed in vivo. Furthermore, these mRNAs are expressed at different levels between tissues. Large amounts of mRNA were detected in tissues harboring T lineage cells. Also, the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 and the lymphoblastic leukemia cell line MOLT-4 revealed abundant mRNA. Lastly, the gene was mapped at the locus on human chromosome 2, band q12 by fluorescent in situ hybridization. (+info)

Bone marrow transplantation in pediatric patients with therapy-related myelodysplasia and leukemia. (3/5761)

Eleven children underwent BMT for therapy-related MDS or leukemia, four from HLA-identical siblings and seven from unrelated donors. Ten of the 11 were conditioned with busulfan and cyclophosphamide as the majority had received prior irradiation to the chest and/or abdomen. All patients engrafted. Regimen-related toxicity was more common when compared to historical controls. Eight patients developed acute GVHD and four of eight who survived 100 days post transplant developed extensive chronic GVHD. Non-relapse related mortality occurred in three patients. Five patients developed recurrent malignancy: one died from recurrence of osteosarcoma, three died of recurrent leukemia or MDS and another developed two subsequent malignancies (duodenal carcinoma and anaplastic astrocytoma). Three survive disease-free at 14+, 22+ and 43+ months for a 2 year actuarial cancer-free survival of 24% (95% confidence interval = 5-53%). Although allogeneic BMT can be curative, regimen-related toxicity is frequent and recurrent malignancy remains the major obstacle. (+info)

Advances in therapy of multiple myeloma: lessons from acute leukemia. (4/5761)

This paper traces the lack of progress, until recently, in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) to having ignored the principles that led to cure in acute leukemia more than 2 decades ago. Only in the mid-1980s did investigation begin to consider complete remission (CR) a research objective, representing a necessary first step toward cure. The experience with autologous and allogeneic stem cell-supported high-dose therapy is reviewed, demonstrating, in both historically controlled and randomized studies, the validity of the dose-response concept in MM in terms of increased CR rates as well as extended event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Avoidance of hematopoietic stem cell-damaging agents, especially melphalan, nitrosoureas, and ionizing radiation to marrow-containing sites, assures the ability of peripheral stem cell collection of high quality and quantity, providing rapid engraftment so that mortality is well under 5% following high-dose melphalan (200 mg/m2). This treatment can be applied safely to patients even >70 years of age and in the presence of renal failure. Tandem autotransplants after multiregimen induction have yielded CR rates in the 40% range with median durations of EFS and OS of 43 and 62 months, respectively. Certain chromosomal abnormalities (11 and 13; and translocations) represent the dominant adverse prognosticator for EFS and OS, confirmed in over 500 patients including those with prior therapy. Allogeneic transplants, possible in less than 10% of MM patients, are associated with a 50% mortality during the first year and, unfortunately, late relapses; thus, this approach should be reserved for patients with high-risk disease early in their management. A risk-based treatment algorithm that matches a patient's disease risk with the risk of intervention is presently used, followed by bisphosphonate therapy, not only to delay the onset of MM-related bone disease but also to induce tumor cell apoptosis, indirectly or directly, by down-regulation of cytokines with antiapoptotic activities. Although many patients relapse, this author subscribes to his mentor's motto: "Be Prepared for Success!". (+info)

The evolution of antibiotic therapy for neutropenic patients. (5/5761)

Considerable progress has been made in the treatment of infections in neutropenic patients during the past three decades. A major contribution to this progress has been the discovery of effective new therapies and their prompt administration. Unfortunately, successful therapy of each important pathogen has resulted in the emergence of new pathogens, usually with unique patterns of antibiotic susceptibility. Unfortunately, antibiotic resistance has become an increasing threat in recent years, raising the possibility of infections that will be difficult to eradicate. Fortunately, there are new classes of antimicrobials that hold promise for therapeutic success in the future. (+info)

Toward a leukemia treatment strategy based on the probability of stem cell death: an essay in honor of Dr. Emil J Freireich. (6/5761)

Dr. Emil J Freireich is a pioneer in the rational treatment of cancer in general and leukemia in particular. This essay in his honor suggests that the cell kill concept of chemotherapy of acute myeloblastic leukemia be extended to include two additional ideas. The first concept is that leukemic blasts, like normal hemopoietic cells, are organized in hierarchies, headed by stem cells. In both normal and leukemic hemopoiesis, killing stem cells will destroy the system; furthermore, both normal and leukemic cells respond to regulators. It follows that acute myelogenous leukemia should be considered as a dependent neoplasm. The second concept is that cell/drug interaction should be considered as two phases. The first, or proximal phase, consists of the events that lead up to injury; the second, or distal phase, comprises the responses of the cell that contribute to either progression to apoptosis or recovery. Distal responses are described briefly. Regulated drug sensitivity is presented as an example of how distal responses might be used to improve treatment. (+info)

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: therapeutic implications. (7/5761)

Genetic instability is a hallmark of cancer. Alterations in DNA through mutations, deletions, and translocations affect genes that are fundamental to normal cell growth differentiation and programmed cell death. Here, we discuss these alterations as they relate to oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition, we describe the implications the changes in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have on designing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. (+info)

Cyclin A1 expression in leukemia and normal hematopoietic cells. (8/5761)

Human cyclin A1 is a newly cloned, tissue-specific cyclin that is prominently expressed in normal testis. In this study, we showed that cyclin A1 was highly expressed in a subset of leukemia samples from patients. The highest frequency of cyclin A1 overexpression was observed in acute myelocytic leukemias, especially those that were at the promyelocyte (M3) and myeloblast (M2) stages of development. Cyclin A1 expression was also detected in normal CD34(+) progenitor cells. The expression of cyclin A1 increased when these cells were stimulated to undergo myeloid differentiation in vitro. Taken together, our observations suggest that cyclin A1 may have a role in hematopoiesis. High levels of cyclin A1 expression are especially associated with certain leukemias blocked at the myeloblast and promyelocyte stages of differentiation. (+info)

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[edit]. Main article: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is a ... These same individuals can develop secondary mutations in other genes that results in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.[15][35] ... Ultimately, the disease may progress to leukemia. Recent studies indicate that the megakaryocytes but not other cell types in ... Seewald L, Taub JW, Maloney KW, McCabe ER (September 2012). "Acute leukemias in children with Down syndrome". Molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GATA1

"Cancer Stat Facts: Leukemia - Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)". Cancer.gov. Retrieved 17 April 2020.. ... Experts in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (May 2013). "The price of drugs for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a reflection of the ... it is used for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) that are Philadelphia chromosome- ... Chronic myelogenous leukemia[edit]. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved imatinib as first-line treatment ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imatinib

"Leukemia. doi:10.1038/leu.2015.258.. *^ a b c d e f Wiernik, Peter H. (2001). Adult leukemias. New York: B. C. Decker. pp. 3-15 ... This divides leukemias into lymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemias and myeloid or myelogenous leukemias: *In lymphoblastic or ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (CLL) Myelogenous leukemia. ("myeloid" or "nonlymphocytic"). Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML or ... Four major kinds of leukemia Cell type. Acute. Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia. (or "lymphoblastic"). Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)[edit]. With the defining translocation t(9;22);Philadelphia chromosome ... They are related to, and may evolve into, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, although the myeloproliferative ... The lymphoid lineage may produce similar diseases, the lymphoproliferative disorders (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphomas, ... Myeloid hematological malignancy/leukemia histology (ICD-O 9590-9989, C81-C96, 200-208) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloproliferative_disease

Leukemia as a symptom[edit]. In the same sense that a physician will look for HH in the face of a cirrhosis dx, recent ... "iron overload and leukemia" 173.164.129.250 (talk) 19:42, 13 September 2011 (UTC) jackpark ... literature now supports connections between HH and Leukemia, sometimes referenced in query results as " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:HFE_hereditary_haemochromatosis

Its inactivation may be part of the cause of certain meningiomas.[5] A potential link to leukemia[8] including acute myeloid ... 2007). "MN1 overexpression is an important step in the development of inv(16) AML". Leukemia. 21 (8): 1679-90. doi:10.1038/sj. ... 2007). "MN1 overexpression induces acute myeloid leukemia in mice and predicts ATRA resistance in patients with AML". Blood. ... a cancer and leukemia group B study". J. Clin. Oncol. 27 (19): 3198-204. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.20.6110. PMC 2716941. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MN1_

Leukemia. 8 (4): 652-8. PMID 8152260.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

They have also been shown to cause dose dependent G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in leukemia cell lines where the analogs showed 100 ... Orphan indications include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Lenalidomide ... Some of these indications include acute myeloid leukemia, follicular lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, ... Leukemia. 24 (1): 22-32. doi:10.1038/leu.2009.236. PMC 3922408 . PMID 19907437. Thomas, Sheeba K.; Richards, Tiffany A.; Weber ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_analogs_of_thalidomide

Leukemia is a cancer of cells in the blood, and primarily affects the bone marrow where they are made. For most human leukemias ... Chronic myelogenous leukemia[edit]. Target: t(9;22) BCR-ABL Uses: MRD detection of the t(9;22) is considered standard of care ... About 30 years ago,[when?] leukemia was universally fatal. Patients were treated for a few weeks (rather than months or years ... Leukemia involves a genetic abnormality that can begin in a single cell and then multiply rapidly, leading to a disruption in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_residual_disease

"The Impact of FLT3 Mutations on the Development of Acute Myeloid Leukemias". Hindawi.com. Retrieved 2014-04-08. Xu, F; Taki, T ... A study on a large series of patients and cell lines". Leukemia. 11: 1605-9. PMID 9324277. Heinrich, M. C.; Corless, CL; ... Takahashi, S (2011-04-01). "Downstream molecular pathways of FLT3 in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia: biology and ... "Genomic and Epigenomic Landscapes of Adult De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia". New England Journal of Medicine. 368 (22): 2059- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenolanib

Almond JB, Cohen GM (April 2002). "The proteasome: a novel target for cancer chemotherapy". Leukemia. 16 (4): 433-43. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P21

Leukemia. Education. Yeshiva University,. Jewish Theological Seminary. Occupation. Rabbi of Beth Sholom Congregation and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Landes

... comparing unirradiated to irradiated white blood cell transfusions in acute leukemia patients". Leukemia. 27: 861-5. doi: ... The 6-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 84.4% and 89.5%, respectively, in the low-risk ... Huisheng Ai and his medical team at MST International Clinic for Leukemia in the 307th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation ... Indications for microtransplantation are as follows: Hematologic Malignancies Tumors Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) chronic-phase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microtransplantation

Downregulation of miR-181 family contributes to aggressive leukemia phenotype through mechanisms related to the activation ... Leukemia. 22 (2): 330-8. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2405022. PMID 17989717. Lui WO, Pourmand N, Patterson BK, Fire A (July 2007). " ... new levels of gene regulation in acute myeloid leukemia". Chemico-Biological Interactions. 184 (1-2): 21-5. doi:10.1016/j.cbi. ... "Tcl1 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is regulated by miR-29 and miR-181". Cancer Research. 66 (24): 11590-3. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-181_microRNA_precursor

They have the ability to induce death in lymphoblastic leukemia and other human cancer cells.[63] One of the most common drugs ... the first drug to induce remission of childhood leukemia; pivotal anti-cancer treatments; an anti-malarial; an anti-bacterial; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_discovery

Leukemia. 17 (9): 1880-1890. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403057. PMID 12970790.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGS13

According to the report, the waste was laced with strontium-90, an isotope known to cause cancer and leukemia.[5] According to ... leukemia, miscarriages and birth defects, have been noted in people who drank the contaminated water. According to the site, ... leukemia; multiple myeloma; myleodysplasic syndromes; renal toxicity; hepatic steatosis; female infertility; miscarriage; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Lejeune,_NC

1998). "Lymphopain, a cytotoxic T and natural killer cell-associated cysteine proteinase". Leukemia. 12 (11): 1771-81. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathepsin_W

Tallman MS (February 2002). "Retinoic acid syndrome: a problem of the past?". Leukemia. 16 (2): 160-1. doi:10.1038/sj.leu. ... December 2008). "Clinical and biological features of acute promyelocytic leukemia patients developing retinoic acid syndrome ... is a potentially life-threatening complication observed in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) and first thought ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoic_acid_syndrome

Cara, A; MS Reitz Jr (1997). "New insight on the role of extrachromosomal retroviral DNA". Leukemia. 11 (9): 1395-1399. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrachromosomal_DNA

... treatments have been used for many years to successfully treat leukemia and related bone/blood cancers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_stem_cell

Cytotoxic cells with specificity for mouse Moloney leukemia cells. Characteristics of the killer cell". European Journal of ... Infusions of T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor that recognizes an antigen molecule on leukemia cells ... could induce remissions in patients with advanced leukemia. Logistical challenges are present for expanding T cells and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NK_cell

Mouse ES cells are grown on a layer of gelatin as an extracellular matrix (for support) and require the presence of leukemia ... Adult stem cell treatments have been successfully used for many years to treat leukemia and related bone/blood cancers through ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell

Leukemia. 14 (1): 84-92. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2401630. PMID 10637481.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RBPJ

... including the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myelogenous leukemia[14] and translocations in acute myeloblastic leukemia.[15 ... In the case of Gleevec (Imatinib), which targets the BCR-ABL fusion gene in chronic myeloid leukemia, resistance often develops ... Rowley JD (June 1973). "Identification of a translocation with quinacrine fluorescence in a patient with acute leukemia". Ann. ... "Models for clonal evolutions: a study of chronic myelogenous leukemia". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 18 (5): 485-503. PMC 1706184 . PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_evolution_in_cancer

Leukemia. 2 (11): 754-9. PMID 3185016.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrofolate_reductase

Subsequently, she was diagnosed with acute malignant lymph gland leukemia (her mother and others in Hiroshima referred to it as ... Several years after the atomic explosion an increase in leukemia was observed, especially among children. By the early 1950s, ... "Leukemia risks among atomic-bomb survivors" Accessed 2011-10-30 *^ "Special Exhibition 1". www.pcf.city.hiroshima.jp.. .mw- ... it was clear that the leukemia was caused by radiation exposure.[1] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadako_Sasaki

... containing an Src homology 3 domain and is the third gene located on chromosome 19p13 that fuses to MLL in human leukemia". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SH3GL3

Overall, some 2-4% of multiple myeloma cases eventually progress to plasma cell leukemia.[41] ... plasma cell leukemia.[23][41][42] Thus, a fundamental genetic instability in plasma cells or their precursors leads to the ... Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance → smoldering multiple myeloma → multiple myeloma → plasma cell leukemia ... "Leukemia. 27 (4): 780-91. doi:10.1038/leu.2012.336. PMC 4112539. PMID 23288300.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma

Leukemia. 15 (3): 362-70. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402059. PMID 11237058. Zhou RH, Kokame K, Tsukamoto Y, et al. (2001). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDRG1

... acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia), research, ... Get the facts on leukemia (cancer of the bone marrow, blood) symptoms, survival rates, diagnosis, causes, signs, types ( ... Common types of leukemia. The four most common types of leukemia are acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, ... Hairy cell leukemia is an uncommon type of chronic leukemia.. *Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is another type of ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/leukemia/article.htm

In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the rate of disease growth is apt to follow one of three trajectories: ... In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the rate of disease growth is apt to follow one of three trajectories: ... further enabled researchers to discover the growth rates of those subpopulations of cells within each patients leukemia that ...

https://www.dana-farber.org/newsroom/news-releases/2019/patterns-of-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-growth-identified/

I release The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada from any and all legal liability that may arise from the release of ... The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada (LLSC) is a voluntary health agency dedicated to blood cancers. We provide free ... More importantly, we have a personal connection to the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada. Sadly, in June 2016, we lost ... The LLSC mission: Cure leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkins disease and myeloma, and improve the quality of life of patients and their ...

http://www.llscanada.org

Indications for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the EBMT transplant consensus. Leukemia. ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in younger adults: a retrospective study of 133 cases. Hematol Oncol. 1989;7(2):127-37. ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2013 update on diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment. Am J Hematol. 2013;88(9):803-16. ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in young individuals revisited Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ...

http://www.haematologica.org/content/99/1/4.long

It covers all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. Studies of normal hemopoiesis are covered ... Leukemia is one of the leading journals in hematology and oncology. ... Welcome to Leukemia Leading journal covering all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. ... Are you considering Leukemia for your next article? *Watch the latest Leukemia Video Byte. ...

http://www.nature.com/leu/?type=review&error=cookies_not_supported&code=fdc8cc4d-6ad2-4192-9f8f-5a46121b1d22

It covers all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. Studies of normal hemopoiesis are covered ... Leukemia is one of the leading journals in hematology and oncology. ... Welcome to Leukemia Leading journal covering all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. ... COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia * Enhanced differentiation of functional human T cells ...

https://www.nature.com/leu/?type=spotlight-concise-review&error=cookies_not_supported&code=5534eb64-83ab-4c64-b449-b6638d279486

Leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow (the soft, sponge-like tissue in the center of most bones that makes blood cells) and ... Leukemia can be acute or chronic. Acute types of leukemia progress quickly, while chronic types of leukemia progress slowly, ... The two main kinds of leukemia are-. *Lymphocytic leukemia (also known as lymphoblastic leukemia), is when the body makes too ... What Causes Leukemia?. Scientists do not fully understand all of the causes of leukemia, but research has found many links. For ...

https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/leukemia/index.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucemia

... Craig Sagers Last TV Interview Is Heartbreaking The sportscaster was wise and courageous to the end. ...

http://www.esquire.com/content/leukemia/

... the outlook for kids who are diagnosed with leukemia is quite good. ... Leukemia refers to cancers of the white blood cells (also called leukocytes or WBCs). With the proper treatment, ... In children, most leukemias are acute.. Acute childhood leukemias are also divided into acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and ... Most kids with leukemia have ALL; about 20% have AML. Other types of leukemia, like chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) or ...

http://kidshealth.org/VidantMedicalCenter/en/parents/cancer-leukemia.html

9940/3 - Hairy cell leukemia. T-cell leukemias[edit]. T-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemias ... NK cell leukemia[edit]. Aggressive NK-cell leukemia (ANKL) is a lymphoid leukemia that is a deficiency NK cells. Not very much ... B-cell leukemias[edit]. B-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemia which affect B cells. ... The most common T-cell leukemia is precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.[1] It causes 15% of acute leukemias in childhood, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphoid_leukemia

There are two types of Leukemias, acute and chronic. Learn about the differences and treatments available. ... Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells. ... What is leukemia?. Leukemia is a term for cancers of the blood ... Leukemia (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in Spanish * Understanding Leukemia (Leukemia & Lymphoma ... What are the types of leukemia?. There are different types of leukemia. Which type of leukemia you have depends on the type of ...

https://medlineplus.gov/leukemia.html

Chronic leukemias -- chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia -- occur mostly in adults and are extremely rare ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia has the highest familial incidence of the leukemias. ...

https://www.medscape.com/resource/chronic-leukemia

What are the symptoms of feline leukemia? How can I protect my cat against it if I have to board her with other cats? ... Eileen Abato, a retired department store fashion director who became an advocate for AIDS awareness, died of leukemia Thursday ... Eddie Dopkin, a huge benefactor and adviser to Roland Park community leaders, dies at 61 of leukemia ... Howard County pets: How can I guard my cat against feline leukemia? ...

https://www.baltimoresun.com/topic/leukemia-topic/100/

Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells, it is the most common type of childhood cancer. Learn about the symptoms, and ... What is leukemia?. Leukemia is a term for cancers of the blood cells. Leukemia starts in blood-forming tissues such as the bone ... Most childhood leukemias are acute:. *Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), which is the most common type of leukemia in children ... How Is Childhood Leukemia Classified? (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish * How Is Childhood Leukemia Diagnosed? ( ...

https://medlineplus.gov/childhoodleukemia.html

The type of leukemia a child has plays a major role in both treatment options and the childs outlook. Learn how leukemia is ... acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), etc.) and subtype of the leukemia is done by testing samples of ... Childhood Leukemia Subtypes. The type and subtype of leukemia a child has plays a major role in both treatment options and the ... If the leukemia cells have certain gene or chromosome changes. B-cell ALL. Most often in children with ALL, the leukemia starts ...

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-in-children/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-classified.html

If you are facing childhood leukemia, we can help you learn about the treatment options and possible side effects, and point ... Who treats leukemia in children?. Children and teens with leukemia and their families have special needs. These needs can be ... How is childhood leukemia treated?. The main treatment for most childhood leukemias is chemotherapy. For some children with ... Treatment of Children with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) * Treatment of Children With Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia ( ...

https://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-in-children/treating.html

In addition, leukemias are classified as either acute, referring to a rapidly progressing disease that involves immature ... Leukemias are classified as either lymphocytic or myeloid, depending on the type of leukocyte affected. ... The lymphocytic leukemias are sometimes referred to as B cell leukemias or T cell leukemias depending upon whether they arise ... Most childhood leukemias are of the acute lymphocytic type; acute myeloid leukemia is the most common type of adult leukemia. ...

https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/medicine/diseases/pathology/leukemia/types

10th Annual Leukemia Cup Regatta Southern Chesapeake Sailing Series hosted at Fishing Bay Yacht Club. Website: http://jdeutsch. ...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3UyTzHQ2Yu4

With the proper treatment, the outlook for kids with leukemia is quite good. ... Leukemia refers to cancers of the white blood cells. ... How Is Leukemia Diagnosed?. To find out if a child has leukemia ... juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Leukemia?. Kids with leukemia may get more viral or ... Who Gets Leukemia?. Leukemia affects adults and children. It is more common in boys than girls. The different types of leukemia ...

https://www.kidshealth.org/Nemours/en/parents/cancer-leukemia.html?WT.ac=p-ra

Chronic myelogenous leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia are other names for CML and refer to the identical disease. ... Chronic myelocytic leukemia Definition Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) is a cancer of white blood cells in which too many ... Leukemia -Adult Chronic: Detection and Symptoms, Leukemia: Adult Chronic FAQ [Frequently Asked Questions], and Leukemia -Adult ... Leukemia -Adult Chronic: Detection and Symptoms, Leukemia: Adult Chronic FAQ [Frequently Asked Questions], and Leukemia -Adult ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/diseases-and-conditions/pathology/chronic-leukemia

Learn from WebMDs slideshow about the common types and stages of leukemia, who gets it, symptoms, tests, treatments, and more ... Common Types of Leukemia. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is the most common acute type in adults. Acute lymphocytic leukemia ... OncoLink: "All About Leukemia," "All About Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)," "All About Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)," "All ... National Cancer Institute: "Leukemia -- Patient Version.". Cleveland Clinic: "Leukemia: Outlook / Prognosis," "Leukemia: ...

https://www.webmd.com/cancer/lymphoma/ss/slideshow-leukemia

Featured in leukemia. By Mikkael A. Sekeres/MIT Press Reader Aug 14, 2020 Health ... Watson A.I. Diagnoses Rare Form Of Leukemia In Japan, Saving A Life. The first life saved by Watson in Japan ... Doctors successfully treat two babies with leukemia using gene-edited immune cells. Its a promising approach, but still needs ... While treating a patient for leukemia, doctors inadvertently cured his case of AIDS ...

https://www.popsci.com/tags/leukemia/

18 were in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia with secondary febrile neutropenia. Two cases are illustrated here. ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/442778

There are two types of rapidly progressing, or acute, leukemia: ALL and AML. Find out how theyre similar to and yet different ... Leukemia is a type of cancer that attacks blood-forming cells in the bone marrow. ... Its the most common type of leukemia in older people.. Mixed phenotype acute leukemia is when these two forms of leukemia ... Mayo Clinic: "Leukemia," "Acute lymphocytic leukemia," "Acute myelogenous leukemia.". National Health Service (NHK): " ...

https://www.webmd.com/cancer/lymphoma/leukemia-all-vs-aml

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is one of the most feared causes of disease in cats, being responsible for almost one-third of ... Feline Leukemia Virus. Dr. Lila Miller, D.V.M., ASPCA. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is one of the most feared causes of disease ... Epidemics of feline leukemia in shelters do not occur, but leukemia is a problem largely because it can be undetected in ... Feline leukemia is caused by a retrovirus that only infects members of the feline family. It is not believed to be contagious ...

https://www.petfinder.com/cats/cat-health/153-feline-leukemia-virus/

Leukemia: UXL Encyclopedia of Diseases and Disorders dictionary. ... Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). A myeloid leukemia is one that ... Leukemia. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2005.. Sullivan, Nanci A. Walking with a Shadow: Surviving Childhood Leukemia ... Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). ALL is the most common type of leukemia in young children and can be rapidly fatal if not ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A lymphocytic leukemia is one in which the cancer affects white blood cells (WBCs) called ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/unknown-leukemia

Overview The Woburn trial focused on a suspected childhood leukemia cancer cluster and the connection to toxic pollutants TCE ... History of Leukemia Treatment. In the 1940s and 1950s treatment of leukemia was based on single agent chemotherapy. In the ... Treatment of Leukemia -- Then and Now. Overview. The Woburn trial focused on a suspected childhood leukemia cancer cluster and ... Childhood Leukemia Treatment. Between the late 1960s and now, the treatment of leukemia has changed significantly. In the 1950s ...

https://serc.carleton.edu/woburn/overarching/leuk_treatment.html

Write a brief essay about leukemia. What is it? How is it diagnosed? How does one get it? What is the solution to it? ... ** ... Leukemia... anyone intrested..?. Write a brief essay about leukemia. What is it? How is it diagnosed? How does one get it? What ... Acute leukemia is characterized by the rapid growth of immature blood cells.Acute forms of leukemia can occur in children and ... Chronic leukemia mostly occurs in older people, but can theoretically occur in any age group. Whereas acute leukemia must be ...

https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061120032420AAT5LXq

While the exact cause(s) of leukemia is not known, risk factors have been identified, including radiation exposure, certain chemotherapy for cancer , smoking , family history of leukemia, and exposure to certain chemicals such as benzene. (medicinenet.com)
Most people with leukemia are treated with chemotherapy. (medicinenet.com)
Children who have received prior radiation or chemotherapy for other types of cancer also have a higher risk for leukemia, as do kids who are receiving medical drugs to suppress their immune systems after organ transplants. (kidshealth.org)
The main treatment for most childhood leukemias is chemotherapy. (cancer.org)
For some children with higher risk leukemias, high-dose chemotherapy may be given along with a stem cell transplant. (cancer.org)
Chemotherapy is the main treatment for childhood leukemia. (kidshealth.org)
In the 1940s and 1950s treatment of leukemia was based on single agent chemotherapy. (carleton.edu)
Unfortunately, many leukemias developed drug resistance to chemotherapy when a patient relapsed. (carleton.edu)
Currently, ALL leukemia is treated by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or bone marrow or cord blood transplantation. (carleton.edu)
Other risk factors include previous chemotherapy or radiation treatments, history of childhood leukemia, previous diagnosis of a blood disorder, and potential exposure to certain chemicals like benzene. (healthcentral.com)
Overweight children and adolescents receiving chemotherapy for treatment of leukemia are less successful battling the disease compared to their lean peers. (news-medical.net)
Chemotherapy is the most effective method of treating leukemia . (everything2.com)
But he warned that his study had also found the compound has chemotherapy resistance properties, suggesting it might interfere with standard treatments for people already diagnosed with leukemia. (reuters.com)
Apigenin might be a useful preventative agent for leukemia, but it should not be taken at the same time as chemotherapy for established disease as it could interfere with the positive effects of treatment," Peppelenbosch wrote in a study in the Cell Death and Disease scientific journal. (reuters.com)
The mainstay of treatment for leukemia is chemotherapy. (conservapedia.com)
People with Down syndrome or other inherited diseases and patients undergoing certain types of chemotherapy are also at a higher risk of developing leukemia. (reference.com)
From chemotherapy to biologic therapy, treatment for leukemia depends on type. (reference.com)
The treatment of leukemia consists of chemotherapy , which should control the development of the cancerous cells. (vetinfo.com)
Risk of leukemia associated with chemotherapy. (bmj.com)

The diagnosis of leukemia is supported by findings of the medical history and examination, and examining blood and bone marrow samples under a microscope. (medicinenet.com)
Symptoms of all forms of leukemia are related to the proliferation of abnormal blood cells and replacement of the bone marrow by the cancerous cells. (medicinenet.com)
In leukemia, abnormal blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. (medicinenet.com)
Large numbers of leukemia cells accumulate very quickly in the blood and bone marrow, leading to symptoms such as tiredness , easy bruising , and susceptibility to infections. (medicinenet.com)
Leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow (the soft, sponge-like tissue in the center of most bones that makes blood cells) and blood. (cdc.gov)
Some people with Down syndrome or blood disorders such as polycythemia vera external icon (a disease in which there are too many red blood cells in the bone marrow and blood, causing the blood to thicken) may be more likely to develop leukemia. (cdc.gov)
A Wright's stained bone marrow aspirate smear from a person with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia . (wikipedia.org)
Leukemia , also spelled leukaemia , is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells . (wikipedia.org)
[3] [9] Leukemias and lymphomas both belong to a broader group of tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid system , known as tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues . (wikipedia.org)
When someone has leukemia, large numbers of abnormal white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. (kidshealth.org)
They also may become anemic because leukemia affects the bone marrow's production of oxygen-carrying red blood cells. (kidshealth.org)
Children with leukemia might bruise and bleed very easily, experience frequent nosebleeds , or bleed for an unusually long time after even a minor cut because leukemia destroys the bone marrow's ability to produce clot-forming platelets. (kidshealth.org)
Leukemia starts in blood-forming tissues such as the bone marrow. (medlineplus.gov)
When you have leukemia, your bone marrow makes large numbers of abnormal cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Leukemia happens when there are changes in the genetic material (DNA) in bone marrow cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , which happens when bone marrow makes abnormal myeloblasts (a type of white blood cell), red blood cells, or platelets. (medlineplus.gov)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), in which the bone marrow makes abnormal lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). (medlineplus.gov)
Determining the type (acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), etc.) and subtype of the leukemia is done by testing samples of the blood, bone marrow, and sometimes lymph nodes or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as described in Tests for Childhood Leukemia . (cancer.org)
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is typically a slower-growing cancer of early (immature) myeloid bone marrow cells. (cancer.org)
In this phase, the leukemia cells often spread to tissues and organs outside the bone marrow. (cancer.org)
In leukemia, the bone marrow (spongy material inside the bones ) makes many white blood cells that aren't normal. (kidshealth.org)
Sometimes leukemia (loo-KEE-mee-uh) spreads from the bone marrow to other parts of the body, like the chest, brain, or liver. (kidshealth.org)
This happens because leukemia cells crowd the bone marrow. (kidshealth.org)
Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) is a cancer of white blood cells in which too many white blood cells are made in the bone marrow . (encyclopedia.com)
Chronic leukemia is a cancer that starts in the blood cells made in the bone marrow . (encyclopedia.com)
Leukemia is a type of cancer that attacks cells in the bone marrow that make blood . (webmd.com)
A bone marrow test confirms a leukemia diagnosis. (webmd.com)
During this test, your doctor will use a needle to take a bone marrow sample from your hipbone or breastbone to check for leukemia cells. (webmd.com)
Induction therapy kills most of the leukemia cells in your blood and bone marrow and lets your body make normal cells again. (webmd.com)
Doctors replace unhealthy bone marrow with leukemia-free stem cells . (webmd.com)
A myeloid leukemia is one that affects bone marrow cells that normally produce platelets (small cells that affect the blood's ability to clot), and a few types of white blood cells called neutrophils. (encyclopedia.com)
Treatment for AML carried out in two stages - the initial stage or induction stage to kill the leukemia cells of the bone marrow and the consolidation stage to kill any remaining leukemia cells that may be present in the body. (news-medical.net)
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal proliferation of blood cells, usually white blood cells (leukocytes). (yahoo.com)
Strictly speaking, leukemia should refer only to cancer of the white blood cells (the leukocytes) but in practice it can apply to malignancy of any cellular element in the blood or bone marrow, as in red cell leukemia ( erythroleukemia ). (medicinenet.com)
Leukemia is a cancer in which many of the white blood cells produced in the bone marrow develop abnormally, and are unable to perform their task of fighting infection. (healthcentral.com)
If leukemia is suspected, you'll go through a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, where a small amount of your bone marrow is removed and examined. (healthcentral.com)
The Center for Leukemia is closely affiliated with the Bone Marrow Transplant Program , where innovative techniques such as umbilical cord blood transfusion and the ability to conduct a transplant with a mismatched family donor offer more options to patients. (massgeneral.org)
Under appropriate conditions, bone marrow transplantation may be useful in the treatment of certain leukemias. (everything2.com)
When a physician does suspect leukemia, diagnosis can be made using blood tests and biopsy of the bone marrow . (everything2.com)
In people with ALL, the blood and bone marrow have large numbers of early white blood cells, or lymphocytes, which become leukemia cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Doctors analyze bone marrow, where white blood cells are made, to understand the stage and extent of leukemia. (ohsu.edu)
At 18 they did a bone marrow biopsy on me to see what was going on, and thats how they found out I had Leukemia. (medhelp.org)
Leukemia is cancer that starts in the bone marrow. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Leukemia is cancer of the developing blood cells , also known as blasts, in the bone marrow . (conservapedia.com)
The effects of leukemias are due to the displacement of normal cell linages in the bone marrow, and the infiltration of other organs. (conservapedia.com)
Injection of FLT3-ITD transformed cells, such as Ba/F3 or 32D, into syngeneic recipient mice results in a leukemia-like syndrome, and expression in primary murine bone marrow cells in a retroviral transduction assay results in a myeloproliferative disorder. (nih.gov)
In addition, the study found that Bt toxins suppressed bone marrow proliferation creating abnormal lymphocyte patterns consistent with some types of leukemia. (organicconsumers.org)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is cancer that starts inside bone marrow. (medlineplus.gov)
Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy will show if there are any leukemia cells. (medlineplus.gov)
In particular - and in mouse spleens and bone marrow - it killed the stem cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia , an uncommon type of cancer of the white blood cells typically affecting older adults, killing hundreds of people a year. (zdnet.com)
We did the bone marrow test, which showed no evidence of leukemia. (cbn.com)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia may get worse over time as the number of myeloblasts increases in the blood and bone marrow. (cancer.gov)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a type of cancer that causes the bone marrow to produce too many lymphocytes, states the National Cancer Institute. (reference.com)
Lymphocytic leukemia, also called chronic lymphocytic leukemia, is a type of cancer that affects a person's blood and bone marrow, explains Mayo Clinic. (reference.com)
Leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow, where new blood cells are made. (mdanderson.org)
As the disease progresses, leukemia cells are usually found in the bone marrow and in the blood. (mdanderson.org)
Leukemia is a form of cancer that affects blood-forming tissues and/or cells - primarily those of the lymphatic system and bone marrow. (reference.com)
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood or bone marrow. (reference.com)
All types of leukemia result from the abnormal development of leukocytes in the bone marrow. (medscape.com)
In the absence of a routine leukemia screening test, it's important for people with certain risk factors , such as a prior exposure to benzene or a family history of leukemia, to be especially vigilant for possible symptoms, including fatigue, fever, night sweats, unexplained weight loss, bone pain and anemia, and to consult promptly with a physician regarding anything that seems out of the ordinary. (moffitt.org)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. (empowher.com)
Canine leukemia is a severe disease that is indicated by an increased white cell count in the blood stream and the bone marrow. (vetinfo.com)
The vet may perform urinalysis, ultrasounds, x-rays , a bone marrow or lymph node aspirate test to determine the type of leukemia that is present in the dog. (vetinfo.com)
Granulocytic leukemia that is characterized by abnormal numbers of micromyeloblasts in the blood, bone marrow, and other tissues. (dictionary.com)
Nelly's sister Jackie Donahue, who suffered from leukemia and helped launch a campaign with her brother to find bone-marrow donors, died Thursday at a St. Louis hospital, the rapper's publicist said. (people.com)
Scientists have long known that radiation exposure increases leukemia risk by penetrating the body and damaging DNA in the bone marrow. (treehugger.com)

Leukemias are grouped by how quickly the disease develops (acute or chronic) as well as by the type of blood cell that is affected (lymphocytes or myelocytes). (medicinenet.com)
Lymphocytic leukemia (also known as lymphoblastic leukemia), is when the body makes too many of a certain kind of white blood cells, called lymphocytes. (cdc.gov)
Lymphoid leukemias are a group of leukemias affecting circulating lymphocytes , a type of white blood cells . (wikipedia.org)
The lymphocytic leukemias are closely related to lymphomas of the lymphocytes, to the point that some of them are unitary disease entities that can be called by either name (for example, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma ). (wikipedia.org)
Most lymphoid leukemias involve a particular subtype of lymphocytes, the B cells . (wikipedia.org)
The lymphocytic leukemias affect the white blood cells that give rise to various types of lymphocytes. (infoplease.com)
The lymphocytic leukemias are sometimes referred to as B cell leukemias or T cell leukemias depending upon whether they arise in antibody-producing B cells (HCL, CLL, and some cases of ALL) or in the T cell lymphocytes involved in cell-mediated immunity (some cases of ALL). (infoplease.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) involves the T or B lymphocytes. (encyclopedia.com)
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) starts in cells that become lymphocytes -- white blood cells that are an important part of your immune system . (webmd.com)
Acute myelocytic leukemia ( AML ) begins in early myeloid cells These are cells that become white blood cells (other than lymphocytes), red blood cells, or platelet -making cells. (webmd.com)
A lymphocytic leukemia is one in which the cancer affects white blood cells (WBCs) called lymphocytes. (encyclopedia.com)
Acute leukemia is classified according to the type of white blood cells that are affected: either lymphocytes and myeloid cells. (springer.com)
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the developing lymphocytes are overproduced and do not mature correctly. (healthcentral.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) occurs when a type of white blood cells, called lymphocytes, begin to change and grow uncontrollably. (cancercare.org)
Cutaneous infiltration by neoplastic lymphocytes may be seen in acute myeloid leukemia , acute lymphocytic leukemia , chronic myeloid leukemia , chronic lymphoid leukemia , hairy cell leukemia, prolymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes . (medscape.com)
This divides leukemias into lymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemias and myeloid or myelogenous leukemias:[citation needed] In lymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemias, the cancerous change takes place in a type of marrow cell that normally goes on to form lymphocytes, which are infection-fighting immune system cells. (wikipedia.org)

As leukemia progresses, the cancer interferes with the body's production of other types of blood cells, including red blood cells and platelets. (kidshealth.org)
Acute leukemia progresses so quickly that it isn't assigned a stage. (webmd.com)
Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells and acute leukemia means the condition progresses rapidly and aggressively, requiring immediate treatment. (springer.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia progresses slowly and usually occurs in people 60 years of age or older. (healthcentral.com)
Chronic leukemia develops slowly, and it allows more mature, useful cells to be made, but acute leukemia progresses rapidly. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Leukemia is divided into different types, depending on the blood cells it affects and how fast it progresses. (reference.com)

Leukemia is a cancer of blood or blood-forming cells (and therefore sometimes referred to as blood cancer ). (medicinenet.com)
The prognosis of leukemia depends upon several factors, including the patient's age, the type of leukemia, and the extent to which the cancer has spread. (medicinenet.com)
Leukemia is a malignancy (cancer) of blood cells. (medicinenet.com)
In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the rate of disease growth is apt to follow one of three trajectories: relentlessly upward, steadily level, or something in between, scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, and the University of Washington report in a new study. (dana-farber.org)
Leukemia is the most common kind of cancer among children and teens. (cdc.gov)
Tobacco smoke contains cancer-causing chemicals external icon (including benzene), which are linked to acute myeloid leukemia in adults. (cdc.gov)
[12] In children with acute leukemia who are cancer-free after five years, the cancer is unlikely to return. (wikipedia.org)
[9] It is the most common type of cancer in children, with three quarters of leukemia cases in children being the acute lymphoblastic type. (wikipedia.org)
Which type of leukemia you have depends on the type of blood cell that becomes cancer and whether it grows quickly or slowly. (medlineplus.gov)
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) , which is the most common type of cancer in children. (medlineplus.gov)
Once there is a diagnosis of leukemia, other tests may be done to see whether the cancer has spread. (medlineplus.gov)
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a fast-growing cancer of lymphocyte-forming cells called lymphoblasts . (cancer.org)
After leukemia is diagnosed and tests have been done to determine its type and subtype , your child's cancer care team will discuss the treatment options with you. (cancer.org)
Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells. (kidshealth.org)
a doctor who specializes in childhood cancer) will lead the medical team caring for a child with leukemia. (kidshealth.org)
According to the estimates of the American Cancer Society (ACS), approximately 4, 400 new cases of leukemia were diagnosed in the year 2000, 2, 600 in men and 1, 800 in women. (encyclopedia.com)
Unlike other cancers, stages of leukemia don't describe how far the cancer has spread. (webmd.com)
Among 39 typhlitis cases recently reviewed at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute in Tampa, Fla, 18 were in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia with secondary febrile neutropenia. (medscape.com)
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is one of the most feared causes of disease in cats, being responsible for almost one-third of their cancer deaths. (petfinder.com)
Adults treated with certain types of cancer-killing medications may develop leukemia later on. (encyclopedia.com)
The Woburn trial focused on a suspected childhood leukemia cancer cluster and the connection to toxic pollutants TCE and PCE in the municipal water supply. (carleton.edu)
Leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood cells in which the growth and development of the blood cells are abnormal. (medicinenet.com)
Children and young adults who receive CAR T-cell therapy for the most common childhood cancer - acute lymphoblastic leukemia - suffer remarkably fewer relapses and are far more likely to survive when the treatment is paired with a subsequent stem cell transplant, a new study finds. (news-medical.net)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia is a malignancy (cancer) of excessive lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) production. (healthcentral.com)
At Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, there are several clinical trials open for the treatment of leukemia that use the latest in cancer treatments. (massgeneral.org)
Leukemia belongs to the family of cancer diseases. (everything2.com)
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a malignant blood cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The OHSU Knight Cancer Institute offers the most advanced care for leukemia, including lifesaving Gleevec and immunotherapy. (ohsu.edu)
Dr. Michael Heinrich treats leukemia and runs a lab focused on finding new cancer treatments. (ohsu.edu)
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Children who regularly eat cured meats like bacon and hot dogs may have a heightened risk of leukemia, while vegetables and soy products may help protect against cancer, a new study suggests. (reuters.com)
The findings, reported in the online journal BMC Cancer, point to an association between these foods and leukemia risk - but do not prove cause-and-effect. (reuters.com)
The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) is the largest voluntary health organization dedicated to funding research, finding cures and ensuring access to treatments for blood cancer patients. (idealist.org)
It appears to target and kill leukemia stem cells (actually, cancer-causing cells with stem cell properties, like producing more cancer cells). (zdnet.com)
Leukemia is cancer that affects blood cells. (healthgrades.com)
The chance of recovering from this cancer-called your prognosis-depends greatly on the specific type of leukemia. (healthgrades.com)
Leukemia is cancer that causes blood-forming tissues to reproduce abnormally. (reference.com)
Leukemia is a blood cancer that. (reference.com)
Treatment with lenalidomide modulates T-cell immunophenotype and cytokine production in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Cancer , vol. 117, no. 17, pp. 3999-4008, 2011. (hindawi.com)
If you're interested in leukemia screening because you are experiencing possible symptoms, you can turn with confidence to the Malignant Hematology Program at Moffitt Cancer Center, where all aspects of hematologic cancer prevention, detection, treatment and support are available in a single location. (moffitt.org)
As one of the nation's leading cancer centers, we have helped thousands of patients fight leukemia and find enhanced quality of life through advanced techniques and procedures. (moffitt.org)
We also oversee a large number of National Cancer Institute-sponsored early-phase clinical trials of new drugs for leukemia patients. (moffitt.org)
Anyone interested in helping The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society accelerate cancer cures can participate in our events. (e2rm.com)
A case of identical twin boys with the same rare leukemia could reveal some of the genetic factors behind cancer. (medicaldaily.com)

The median age of patients at the time of diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is 71 years and the incidence of this hematologic malignancy increases steadily with age. (haematologica.org)
This book provides an overview of the key developments in both acute lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia with a comprehensive guide to the epidemiology, pathogenesis, etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, diagnosis, and staging as well as the most recent developments in the therapeutic landscape for acute leukemia. (springer.com)
The hematopathologists at the Center for Leukemia are world-renowned for their expertise in the diagnosis of various types of leukemia. (massgeneral.org)
Our leukemia specialists come together, formally and informally, to discuss your diagnosis and review test results. (ohsu.edu)
A little more than 60,000 people get a leukemia diagnosis each year. (healthgrades.com)
That means about 63 of every 100 people with leukemia are likely to live at least five years after diagnosis. (healthgrades.com)
The rates vary depending on person's age, the type of leukemia they have, and if (and how far) the leukemia has spread at the time of diagnosis. (healthgrades.com)
A child who has lived at least five years after a diagnosis of acute leukemia is probably cured. (healthgrades.com)
A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can leave you and your loved ones feeling uncertain, anxious and overwhelmed. (cancercare.org)
The dermatologist is often instrumental in the diagnosis of leukemia cutis. (medscape.com)
Accurate diagnosis has tremendous prognostic significance and may establish a diagnosis in cases in which leukemia cutis is the harbinger of a systemic leukemic process. (medscape.com)
A diagnosis of leukemia cutis in the setting of acute leukemia generally portends a poor prognosis and strongly correlates with additional sites of extramedullary involvement. (medscape.com)
The symptoms of canine leukemia may be mistaken for symptoms of other diseases (autoimmune diseases, pancreatitis or cancers) so a proper diagnosis is needed to confirm the dog has leukemia. (vetinfo.com)
A brief overview of recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (lulu.com)

Usually, leukemia involves the production of abnormal white blood cells -- the cells responsible for fighting infection. (medicinenet.com)
However, the abnormal cells in leukemia do not function in the same way as normal white blood cells. (medicinenet.com)
There are different types of leukemia, based upon how quickly the disease develops and the type of abnormal cells produced. (medicinenet.com)
Chronic leukemia is characterized by the excessive buildup of relatively mature, but still abnormal, white blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
Occasionally, the spread of leukemia to the brain can cause headaches , seizures , balance problems , or abnormal vision. (kidshealth.org)
To determine whether a child has leukemia, a doctor will do a physical examination to check for signs of infection, anemia, abnormal bleeding, and swollen lymph nodes. (kidshealth.org)
When you have leukemia, your body makes too many blood cells, which are abnormal. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
When a person develops leukemia, one of the stem cells becomes abnormal or cancerous at some point in its development. (mdanderson.org)

Although experts don't know exactly what causes leukemia, it seems that some types of childhood leukemia may be linked to genetic or environmental factors. (kidshealth.org)
However, there are certain factors that raise the risk of childhood leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
There are other factors that may raise the risk of getting one or more of the specific types of childhood leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
Treatment for childhood leukemia is often successful. (medlineplus.gov)
What Is Childhood Leukemia? (medlineplus.gov)
These are described in Prognostic Factors in Childhood Leukemia . (cancer.org)
How is childhood leukemia treated? (cancer.org)
Treatment of acute forms of childhood leukemia (ALL or AML) is usually very intensive, so it's important that it takes place in a center that specializes in treating childhood cancers. (cancer.org)
About 80% of childhood leukemia cases are this type. (webmd.com)
This webpage includes background information on the treatment of childhood leukemia. (carleton.edu)
The survival rate for children today is about 75 percent and childhood leukemia is one of the most successfully treated cancers. (carleton.edu)
Kersey, John, H. 1997, 'Fifty Years of Studies of the Biology and Therapy of Childhood Leukemia' , Blood vol 90 No 11, December 1, 1997. (carleton.edu)

The four main types of leukemia include acute lymphocytic leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) or chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). (medicinenet.com)
Symptoms of chronic myelogenous leukemia include fever, night sweats, and feeling tired. (cdc.gov)
Sometimes chronic myelogenous leukemia does not cause any symptoms. (cdc.gov)
The early symptoms of acute myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia may be like those caused by the flu or other common diseases. (cdc.gov)
Other types of leukemia, like chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) or juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) , are much less common. (kidshealth.org)
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) can happen at any age, but most cases happen in kids younger than 2 and teens. (kidshealth.org)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia is most common in teens. (kidshealth.org)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia are other names for CML and refer to the identical disease. (encyclopedia.com)
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is the most common acute type in adults. (webmd.com)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is one of the few cancers with a direct link to a known defect in your DNA. (webmd.com)
I have Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia or its called CML. (medhelp.org)
FLT3 is the most frequently mutated gene in cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). (nih.gov)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia is usually marked by a chromosome change called the Philadelphia chromosome, in which a piece of chromosome 9 and a piece of chromosome 22 break off and trade places with each other. (cancer.gov)
This patient had acute myelogenous leukemia. (medscape.com)
Eventually, it may transform itself into acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). (empowher.com)
Donahue, 31, was diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia in March 2001. (people.com)
In myeloid or myelogenous leukemias, the cancerous change takes place in a type of marrow cell that normally goes on to form red blood cells, some other types of white cells, and platelets. (wikipedia.org)

Symptoms of leukemia include fevers, night sweats, and swollen lymph nodes that are typically not painful or tender. (medicinenet.com)
What Are the Symptoms of Leukemia? (cdc.gov)
The early symptoms of leukemia may develop gradually rather than suddenly and are often mistaken for the symptoms of other diseases. (encyclopedia.com)
Many of the symptoms of leukemia don't become apparent until a large number of normal blood cells are crowded out by leukemia cells. (news-medical.net)
That's not the symptoms of leukemia that's the symptoms of rabies! (yahoo.com)
The symptoms of leukemia will depend on the type of leukemia that affects the dog. (vetinfo.com)

Acute types of leukemia progress quickly, while chronic types of leukemia progress slowly, leading to different treatments. (cdc.gov)
What are the treatments for leukemia? (medlineplus.gov)
The treatments for leukemia depend on which type you have, how severe the leukemia is, your age, your overall health, and other factors. (medlineplus.gov)
In this earliest phase, children usually have fairly mild symptoms (if any), and the leukemia usually responds well to standard treatments . (cancer.org)
Help our committed caregivers at the Center for Leukemia to provide the best possible care for patients while advancing research into new treatments. (massgeneral.org)
Some treatments aim to cure leukemia. (ohsu.edu)
Understanding your leukemia at the genetic level helps us choose the most effective treatments. (ohsu.edu)
Also, leukemia in older people tends to be more resistant to current treatments. (medlineplus.gov)
Leukemia treatments are constantly getting better. (healthgrades.com)

More importantly, we have a personal connection to the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada. (llscanada.org)
In practice, it can be hard to distinguish T-cell leukemia from T-cell lymphoma , and they are often grouped together. (wikipedia.org)
After the sweet success of a charity bake sale that ultimately earned over $5,400 in donations and sales, the sixth grader delivered the funds to the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and to the Shaughness Education Fund. (baltimoresun.com)
Mature B-cell ALL (also called Burkitt leukemia ), a rare subtype, is essentially the same as Burkitt lymphoma (a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and is treated the same way. (cancer.org)
The most common cancers include leukemia and lymphoma. (petfinder.com)
About 5,000 cases of CML are expected to be diagnosed in the United States this year, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society said. (nypost.com)
The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) has a new logo! (causes.com)
Cure leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and myeloma, and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. (causes.com)
The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society is the world's largest voluntary health. (causes.com)
I was truly blessed to be introduced to The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society by workers from Duquesne Light Company as well as my daughter, Ebony Jennings who works as a customer service representative for Duquesne Light Company in Pittsburgh PA. (lls.org)
The mission of The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society is to cure blood cancers and improve the quality of life for patients and their families. (idealist.org)
The average five-year survival rate for leukemia is 60.3 percent as of 2010, as reported by the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. (reference.com)
Some antecedents are specific to a leukemia subtype, such as the association of acute T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1). (medscape.com)
Prognostic significance of CD8 and CD4 T cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Leukemia and Lymphoma , vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 1829-1836, 2010. (hindawi.com)
For nearly 31 years, participants have been sailing, power boating, and paddling in communities throughout the country in support The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. (e2rm.com)
A new study finds that children born through assisted reproductive technology have a slightly elevated risk of developing leukemia and Hodgkin's lymphoma. (medicaldaily.com)

Consolidation therapy (post-remission therapy) destroys leukemia cells left behind in parts of your body like the brain and spinal cord. (webmd.com)
Today, more than 363,000 Americans are in remission from leukemia. (healthgrades.com)

What Causes Leukemia? (cdc.gov)
Doctors don't know exactly what causes leukemia. (kidshealth.org)
We don't know what causes leukemia, but chemicals like benzene, found in cigarettes and used in some industries, can raise the odds. (webmd.com)

Leukemia treatment choices depend on the type of leukemia, certain features of the leukemia cells, the extent of the disease, and prior history of treatment, as well as the age and health of the patient. (medicinenet.com)
Leukemia is actually a group of different cancers of the blood cells. (medicinenet.com)
The leukemia cells continue to grow and divide, eventually crowding out the normal blood cells. (medicinenet.com)
This drawing shows normal blood cells and blood cells with leukemia. (cdc.gov)
[8] These white blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells . (wikipedia.org)
Acute leukemia is characterized by a rapid increase in the number of immature blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
Immediate treatment is required in acute leukemia because of the rapid progression and accumulation of the malignant cells , which then spill over into the bloodstream and spread to other organs of the body. (wikipedia.org)
The term leukemia refers to cancers of the white blood cells (also called leukocytes or WBCs). (kidshealth.org)
Acute childhood leukemias are also divided into acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , depending on whether specific white blood cells called lymphyocytes or myelocytes, which are linked to immune defenses, are involved. (kidshealth.org)
Most leukemias arise from noninherited mutations (changes) in the genes of growing blood cells. (kidshealth.org)
Because their infection-fighting white blood cells are defective, kids with leukemia may have more viral or bacterial infections than usual. (kidshealth.org)
B-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemia which affect B cells . (wikipedia.org)
Aggressive NK-cell leukemia (ANKL) is a lymphoid leukemia that is a deficiency NK cells. (wikipedia.org)
[9] One problem when using NK cells in order to fight off lymphoid leukemia is the fact that it is hard to amount enough of them to be effective. (wikipedia.org)
Leukemia is a term for cancers of the blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
An aggressive form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), characterized by arrest of leukocyte differentiation at the promyelocyte stage, due to a specific chromosomal translocation t(15;17) in myeloid cells, and manifests with easy bruising, hemorrhagic diathesis and fatigue. (ebi.ac.uk)
The type of lymphocyte (most often B cell or T cell) the leukemia cells come from (and how mature the cells are). (cancer.org)
Most often in children with ALL, the leukemia starts in early forms of B cells. (cancer.org)
In addition, leukemias are classified as either acute, referring to a rapidly progressing disease that involves immature leukocytes, or chronic, referring to a slower proliferation involving mature white cells. (infoplease.com)
In acute leukemias, immature nonfunctioning leukocytes called blast cells proliferate. (infoplease.com)
The myeloid leukemias affect white blood cells (myelocytes) that give rise to granulocytes (phagocytic white blood cells that mount an inflammatory immune response). (infoplease.com)
and hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a chronic leukemia named for the cells' tiny hairlike projections. (infoplease.com)
Unlike acute leukemias, in which the process of maturation of the blast cells is interrupted, in chronic leukemias, the cells do mature and only a few remain as immature cells. (encyclopedia.com)
In chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), the cells affected are the granulocytes. (encyclopedia.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) leads to white blood cells that don't die off when they should. (webmd.com)
A high white blood cell count is possible with leukemia, but these cells don't protect against infection like normal white blood cells do. (webmd.com)
If doctors find that you have ALL or AML, they could also test your leukemia cells to look for certain genes and chromosome changes. (webmd.com)
Your doctor will insert a needle into your spinal canal and remove spinal cord fluid to test for leukemia cells. (webmd.com)
If you have ALL or certain types of AML, you may also get maintenance therapy to keep leukemia cells from growing back. (webmd.com)
Leukemia is the name of a group of cancers that affect white blood cells. (encyclopedia.com)
The aim of this phase is to kill the remaining leukemia cells in the body. (news-medical.net)
Acute leukemia is characterized by the rapid growth of immature blood cells.Acute forms of leukemia can occur in children and young adults. (yahoo.com)
When leukemia strikes an older person, it is in part due to the aging of his or her hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). (news-medical.net)
There is a propensity for progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is defined by ≥20 percent marrow blast cells. (uptodate.com)
Leukemia can be acute (progressing quickly with many immature cells) or chronic (progressing slowly with more mature, normal-looking cells). (healthcentral.com)
To illuminate hidden cells, therapy of the central nervous system has become standard treatment, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia . (everything2.com)
Maikel Peppelenbosch of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands said tests showed that apigenin - a common component of fruit and vegetables - was able to halt the development of two kinds of cells in leukemia and cut their survival chances. (reuters.com)
The leukemia would be the result of the virus (from the donor) infecting the recipient's T-cells, and would not be the donor's leukemia cells proliferating in the recipient. (bio.net)
If the donor had a leukemia that was the result of some process other than the action of an infectious agent, then the recipient's immune system should be able to recognize and destroy the foriegn malignant cells. (bio.net)
Acute leukemia crowds out the good cells more rapidly than chronic leukemia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Medications given as daily pills target leukemia cells at the molecular level. (ohsu.edu)
Leukemia cells are early forms of blood cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Leukemia cells do not usually form tumors, but they can travel with the blood all over the body and reach almost any organ. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Leukemia cells also interfere with the production of other blood cells - usually red blood cells and platelets. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Myeloid leukemias are derived from blasts in the myeloid linage (producing macrophages, granuloctes), whereas lymphoid or lymphoblastic leukemias are derived from blasts in the lymphoid linage (producing B, T and NK lymphoid cells). (conservapedia.com)
These affect rapidly dividing cells, including not only leukemia cells, but also normal blood cells, hair, and the mucosal surfaces lining the gastrointestinal tract. (conservapedia.com)
These blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. (dbpedia.org)
Mayo Clinic researchers have discovered that a component in green tea helps kill cells of the most common leukemia in the United States. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The research using laboratory cell cultures shows that a component of green tea known as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) [epi-gallo-cat-ekin-3-gal-ate] helps kill leukemia cells by interrupting the communication signals they need to survive. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The leukemia cells studied were from patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) -- most often diagnosed in patients in their mid-to-late 60s. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The Mayo Clinic study, led by Neil E. Kay, M.D., shows that green tea\'s EGCG interrupted survival signals, prompting leukemia cells to die in eight of 10 patient samples tested in the laboratory. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Further, FLT3-selective inhibitors impair transformation of primary AML cells that harbor these mutations, and also inhibit FLT3 transformed hematopoietic cell lines, and leukemias induced by activated FLT3 mutants in murine models. (nih.gov)
Subtypes are based on specific changes in genes (mutations) and how the leukemia cells appear under the microscope. (medlineplus.gov)
Approximately 20 percent of young leukemia patients who are treated with stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood will experience leukemic relapse. (redorbit.com)
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder resulting from an acquired genetic aberration t(9;22)(q34;q11) (Philadelphia chromosome) in stem cells. (springer.com)
But we have shown that some metabolites of omega-3 have the ability to selectively kill the leukemia-causing stem cells in mice," says study researcher Sandeep Prabhu of Penn State . (zdnet.com)
Current therapy extends life by keeping the number of leukemia cells low, but those drugs fail to completely cure the disease since they don't target leukemia stem cells. (zdnet.com)
These stem cells can hide from the treatment, and a small population of stem cells give rise to more leukemia cells," says study coauthor Penn State's Robert Paulson . (zdnet.com)
So, targeting the stem cells is essential if you want to cure leukemia. (zdnet.com)
Leukemia inhibitory factor is a small cytokine that has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
It also induces hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, and neuronal cell differentiation, as well as stimulating acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes. (ebi.ac.uk)
They were told by the physicians it could be a blood clot or a build up of the leukemia cells. (cbn.com)
Leukemia cells have acquired DNA mutations that allow them to grow abnormally and lose functions of typical white blood cells. (rxlist.com)
While there are several types of leukemia, they all start with problems in the creation of blood cells. (mdanderson.org)
Chronic leukemia involves mature or partially mature cells and is slow growing. (mdanderson.org)
Acute leukemia impacts immature cells and is more aggressive. (mdanderson.org)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) AML affects myeloid stem cells. (mdanderson.org)
There are several types and subtypes of leukemia, and each of them strikes different types of blood cells. (healthgrades.com)
When you have leukemia, your body makes too many blood cells, and they aren't normal. (reference.com)
[ 1 , 2 , 3 ] Owing to the variety of hematologic malignancies or proliferative disorders that may be associated with leukemia cutis, terms such as myeloid or lymphoid leukemia cutis have been used to further classify the leukemic cells. (medscape.com)
The subtype of leukemia is determined by the hematopoietic lineage of neoplastic cells and the stage at which maturational arrest occurs. (medscape.com)
Leukemia cutis is defined by migration of leukemic cells to the skin. (medscape.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia T cells show impaired immunological synapse formation that can be reversed with an immunomodulating drug," Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol. 118, no. 7, pp. 2427-2437, 2008. (hindawi.com)
With that said, chronic leukemia often does not produce any symptoms until the leukemia cells reach a certain level of accumulation, which may take months or even years. (moffitt.org)
Leukemia cells do not function normally. (empowher.com)
There are a few types of canine leukemia, depending on the cancerous cells that cause the condition. (vetinfo.com)
Both these types of leukemia may be acute (a rapid growth of blood cells) or chronic leukemia which refers to the gradual production of cancerous cells. (vetinfo.com)
The first division is between its acute and chronic forms:[citation needed] Acute leukemia is characterized by a rapid increase in the number of immature blood cells. (wikipedia.org)

Chronic myelocytic leukemia is generally seen in people in their mid-40s. (encyclopedia.com)

By learning the signs and symptoms of this disease, you can improve the prognosis of acute leukemia and chronic leuke. (reference.com)

For more detailed information on the subtypes of ALL, see Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) Subtypes and Prognostic Factors . (cancer.org)
For more detailed information on the subtypes of AML, see Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Subtypes and Prognostic Factors . (cancer.org)
FLT3 mutations occur in a broad spectrum of FAB subtypes in adult and pediatric AML and are particularly common in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). (nih.gov)
Similarly, some genetic or chromosomal abnormalities are found in specific leukemia subtypes. (medscape.com)
Subtypes include precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Burkitt's leukemia, and acute biphenotypic leukemia. (wikipedia.org)

Leading journal covering all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. (nature.com)
[3] The success of treatment depends on the type of leukemia and the age of the person. (wikipedia.org)
Whereas acute leukemia must be treated immediately, chronic forms are sometimes monitored for some time before treatment to ensure maximum effectiveness of therapy. (wikipedia.org)
With treatment, most children with leukemia will be free of the disease without it coming back. (kidshealth.org)
The type and subtype of leukemia a child has plays a major role in both treatment options and the child's outlook (prognosis). (cancer.org)
If your child has been diagnosed with leukemia, your child's treatment team will discuss the options with you. (cancer.org)
The most important factor in choosing a treatment is the type of leukemia, but other factors also play a role. (cancer.org)
With the proper treatment, the outlook for kids and teens with leukemia is quite good. (kidshealth.org)
Between the late 1960s and now, the treatment of leukemia has changed significantly. (carleton.edu)
In the 1970s and 1980s pre-symptomatic therapy for central nervous system leukemia also improved treatment. (carleton.edu)
Leukemia treatment is different for each of the types of leukemia. (news-medical.net)
What was the treatment for your leukemia? (medicinenet.com)
Ponatinib is an oral drug used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). (news-medical.net)
Obese young people with leukemia are 50% more likely to relapse after treatment than their lean counterparts. (news-medical.net)
Your doctor can then tell what kind of leukemia you have and recommend treatment options. (healthcentral.com)
Your care team will tailor treatment recommendations to your needs and leukemia type. (ohsu.edu)
Chronic leukemias develop over years, and can generally be treated with supportive treatment and single agent chemotherapies. (conservapedia.com)
Dr. Soudeyns and his colleagues analyzed blood samples from young children who received an umbilical cord blood transplant for the treatment of blood disorders, including leukemia. (redorbit.com)
We figured if Ethan truly had the kind of leukemia that we felt he had, then even with full treatment he may not do well," says Dr. Rhodes. (cbn.com)
Single-agent lenalidomide in the treatment of previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Journal of Clinical Oncology , vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1175-1181, 2011. (hindawi.com)
The treatment of leukemia must be applied immediately, especially if the dog is affected by acute leukemia. (vetinfo.com)
The leukemia treatment should include the management of secondary diseases. (vetinfo.com)
The FDA has fast-tracked approval for U.S. patients to receive a combination treatment that could eliminate chronic myeloid leukemia. (medicaldaily.com)

[5] In children under 15, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60 to 85%, depending on the type of leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
The most common type of lymphoid leukemia is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia . (wikipedia.org)
Other leukemia symptoms can be different from type to type. (medlineplus.gov)
This type of leukemia affects older children more than B-cell ALL does. (cancer.org)
Leukemias are classified as either lymphocytic or myeloid, depending on the type of leukocyte affected. (infoplease.com)
acute myeloid leukemia is the most common type of adult leukemia. (infoplease.com)
The dosages and drugs used may differ based on the child's age and the type of leukemia. (kidshealth.org)
Although leukemia can affect more than one type of blood cell, it's named based on the kind of white blood cell it starts in (myeloid or lymphoid) and how fast it gets worse (acute or chronic). (webmd.com)
Acute leukemia is a type of the disease that grows quickly. (webmd.com)
It's the most common type of leukemia in older people. (webmd.com)
ALL is the most common type of leukemia in young children and can be rapidly fatal if not treated. (encyclopedia.com)
What type of leukemia were you, a friend, or relative diagnosed with? (medicinenet.com)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , which involves a particular kind of white blood cell known as a myelocyte, comprises 32 percent of all adult cases, and is the second most common type of leukemia in children. (healthcentral.com)
If the the donor had a leukemia that was the result of infection with HTLV-I (Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type I, causative agent of Adult T-cell Leukemia and Tropical Spastic Paraparesis), then there is the very real possibility that the recipient may also develope leukemia. (bio.net)
Immunophenotyping to look for markers on a blood cell's surface (antigens) that help us identify the type of leukemia. (ohsu.edu)
Your regimen (combination of medications) will be tailored to your leukemia type and its rate of progress. (ohsu.edu)
A type of Leukemia or could RA cause such results? (medhelp.org)
Leukemias are differentiated by the type of white blood cell involved, and the speed at which they develop. (conservapedia.com)
If your provider learns you do have this type of leukemia, further tests will be done to determine the specific type of AML. (medlineplus.gov)
Two hours after he was born his parents, Chad and Mandy, were told Ethan had AML, an aggressive type of leukemia. (cbn.com)
Patients with leukemia may present with a hemorrhagic type of retinopathy, as seen here. (aao.org)
Survival rates are based on data from thousands of people with the same type of leukemia . (healthgrades.com)
They can give a good idea of how hard it will be to treat your type of leukemia. (healthgrades.com)
Your prognosis depends on the type and stage of your leukemia. (healthgrades.com)
This is a more aggressive type of leukemia. (empowher.com)
An increased risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia had not been found among survivors at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and some scientists questioned whether there is any link between radiation and this type of leukemia. (treehugger.com)
In children under 15, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60% or even 90%, depending on the type of leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia in young children. (wikipedia.org)

What are the different types of leukemia? (medicinenet.com)
However, because other types of leukemia become more common with age, most leukemia is found in among adults. (cdc.gov)
[3] There are four main types of leukemia- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)-as well as a number of less common types. (wikipedia.org)
[3] Certain types of leukemia may be managed with watchful waiting . (wikipedia.org)
Because these errors occur randomly and unpredictably, there is currently no effective way to prevent most types of leukemia. (kidshealth.org)
There are different types of leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , which is one of the most common types of leukemia in adults. (medlineplus.gov)
Other types of leukemia are chronic (slow growing). (medlineplus.gov)
There are some other rare types of leukemia in children, including juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). (medlineplus.gov)
The two types of chronic leukemias can be easily distinguished under the microscope. (encyclopedia.com)
there are four major types of leukemia, two that are considered acute (they worsen rapidly) and two that are chronic (they progress slowly). (encyclopedia.com)
The 5-year survival rate for patients with leukemia is 38%, due partly to very poor survival of patients with some types of leukemia such as acute granulocytic . (everything2.com)
This can help fight certain types of leukemia. (ohsu.edu)
AML is one of the most common types of leukemia among adults. (medlineplus.gov)
Of the four primary types of leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the least common. (mdanderson.org)
The acute types of leukemia tend to be more aggressive and severe. (healthgrades.com)
Chronic types of leukemia often progress slowly. (healthgrades.com)
Many people often do not experience symptoms in the early stages of certain types of leukemia. (reference.com)
Leukemia cutis has been described in patients with myeloid and lymphoid types of leukemias. (medscape.com)

Leukemia affects adults and children. (kidshealth.org)
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) affects infants and toddlers. (kidshealth.org)
Leukemia is a sickness that affects many people. (yahoo.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) most often affects adults over the age of 55. (wikipedia.org)

They include chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also called acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). (infoplease.com)

Acute lymphocytic leukemia is more common among children and teens than among adults. (cdc.gov)
[3] However, about 90% of all leukemias are diagnosed in adults, with AML and CLL being most common in adults. (wikipedia.org)
There are about 31,000 cases of leukemia diagnosed in the United States each year, 2,000 in children and 29,000 in adults. (encyclopedia.com)
It is the only leukemia more common in children under 5 years than in adults. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Leukemias occurring in children are significantly more curable than those occurring in older adults. (conservapedia.com)

Family history also has been linked with higher risk of some kinds of leukemia, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (cdc.gov)
White people are more likely than black people to develop lymphocytic leukemia, but scientists do not know why. (cdc.gov)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia usually does not cause any symptoms and is usually found during a routine blood test. (cdc.gov)
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is the most common one in children. (webmd.com)
Children with Down syndrome are 20-times more likely to develop acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 150-times more likely to develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared to their typical peers. (news-medical.net)
Over the last 30 years, however, there has been a dramatic improvement in survival of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia due to better healthcare . (everything2.com)
It is also known as ALL, acute lymphocytic leukemia , or B-Cell Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
What is chronic lymphocytic leukemia or CLL? (reference.com)
Rituximab plus fludarabine and cyclophosphamide prolongs progression-free survival compared with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide alone in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Journal of Clinical Oncology , vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 1756-1765, 2010. (hindawi.com)
Lenalidomide induces complete and partial remissions in patients with relapsed and refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Blood , vol. 111, no. 11, pp. 5291-5297, 2008. (hindawi.com)
Lenalidomide therapy is associated with normalization of lymphocyte populations and increase in immunoglobulin levels in elderly patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Haematologica , vol. 94, article S94, 2009. (hindawi.com)
Phase II trial of pulse dosed lenalidomide in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia," Blood , vol. 116, abstract 1383, 2010. (hindawi.com)
Phenotypic changes associated with acute reductions in leukemia cell counts in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) receiving lenalidomide as initial therapy," Blood , vol. 116, abstract 59, 2010. (hindawi.com)
But the team studying Chernobyl workers was surprised to find a significant increase in cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). (treehugger.com)

The most common T-cell leukemia is precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia . (wikipedia.org)
[1] Its morphology is identical to that of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia . (wikipedia.org)
The panel reviewed the state health department's investigation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases that had been diagnosed in Churchill County, Nevada. (cdc.gov)
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is most common in children 2 to 8 years old. (kidshealth.org)
I am 13 years old, turning14 in July, and have been battling acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for three-and-a-half years. (lls.org)
The survival rates are highest for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (healthgrades.com)
Some children who are treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) develop brain impairments, and the risk of this happening may be linked to certain genes. (psychcentral.com)

Eutos long-term survival score discriminates different Sokal score categories in chronic myeloid leukemia patients, showing better survival prediction. (nature.com)
About 20 percent of patients with chronic leukemia do not have any noticeable symptoms at the time they are diagnosed-most often as the result of a routine blood test. (encyclopedia.com)
The Handbook of Acute Leukemia offers readers a key resource into the future outlook for patients with leukemia and is edited and authored by internationally renowned experts in the field. (springer.com)
Dr. Elie Traer, who also holds a Ph.D., has a particular focus on treating leukemia patients. (ohsu.edu)
The Tri-County chapter of the Leukemia Society serves patients in Orange, Riverside and San Bernardino counties from its office at 202 Fashion Lane, Suite 215, Tustin. (latimes.com)
New Hope For Young Leukemia Patients? (redorbit.com)

At this point the CML acts much like an aggressive acute leukemia (AML or, less often, ALL). (cancer.org)
CMML is among the most aggressive chronic leukemias, and there are fewer effective therapies than for most other hematologic malignancies. (uptodate.com)

Be sure to ask your health care team or your child's doctor if you have any questions about the subtype of your child's leukemia. (cancer.org)
Feel the child's belly to check the liver and spleen because leukemia can make these organs get bigger. (kidshealth.org)

In general, leukemias are classified into acute (rapidly developing) and chronic (slowly developing) forms. (kidshealth.org)
Chronic leukemia can progress slowly and with few symptoms. (everything2.com)

[1] It causes 15% of acute leukemias in childhood, and also 40% of lymphomas in childhood. (wikipedia.org)

Leukemia is called an acute leukemia if it develops rapidly. (medicinenet.com)
Acute leukemias develop over a period of weeks to a couple of months, and are rapidly fatal if untrated. (conservapedia.com)

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a malignant hematopoietic stem cell disorder with clinical and pathological features of both a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). (uptodate.com)

Being exposed to benzene or large doses of ionizing radiation have caused leukemia in some people. (cdc.gov)
To limit the risk of prenatal radiation exposure as a trigger for leukemia (especially ALL), women who are pregnant or who suspect that they might be pregnant should always inform their doctors before undergoing tests or medical procedures that involve radiation (such as X-rays). (kidshealth.org)
In the early 1970s brain and spinal column radiation (cranospinal radiation) was used to prevent central nervous system leukemia. (carleton.edu)
If you work around radiation or chemicals linked to leukemia, always wear protective gear. (medlineplus.gov)
People who have been exposed to very high levels of radiation are also more prone to develop leukemia, according to MedicineNet.com. (reference.com)
Certain factors, such as exposure to radiation, are known to increase the risk of developing leukemia. (rxlist.com)

Are leukemia survival rates high? (reference.com)
The survival rates are lowest for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (healthgrades.com)
Survival Rates for Childhood Leukemias. (healthgrades.com)

For childhood leukemias, this team is typically led by a pediatric oncologist , a doctor who treats children's cancers. (cancer.org)
Similar to the closely related pediatric disease juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), a large fraction of CMML cases display hypersensitivity to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in vitro, which likely contributes to the monocytosis characteristic of the disease [ 11-13 ]. (uptodate.com)

[4] [3] People with a family history of leukemia are also at higher risk. (wikipedia.org)
However, doctors have identified several risk factors for the condition, including having a family history of leukemia and smoking. (reference.com)

Also called chronic granulocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, and CML. (cancer.gov)

Also, children who have inherited certain genetic problems - such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Down syndrome , Klinefelter syndrome , neurofibromatosis , ataxia telangectasia, or Fanconi's anemia - have a higher risk of developing leukemia. (kidshealth.org)
People with this particular genetic disorder have higher rates of leukemia than people in the general population. (encyclopedia.com)
Genetic alterations predisposing to leukemia may be congenital or acquired. (medscape.com)

Now, a new study published in the Journal of Hematology & Thromboembolic Diseases indicates that the biopesticides engineered into GM crops known as Bacillus Thuringensis (Bt) or Cry-toxins, may also contribute to blood abnormalities from anemia to hematological malignancies (blood cancers) such as leukemia. (organicconsumers.org)
The Leukemia Research Foundation is dedicated to conquering all blood cancers by funding research into their causes and cures, and enriching the quality of life of those touched by these diseases. (chicagotribune.com)

Chronic leukemia mostly occurs in older people, but can occur in any age group. (wikipedia.org)
Leukemia cutis usually occurs in the setting of a previously diagnosed systemic leukemia or lymphoproliferative disorder/myelodysplastic syndrome. (medscape.com)
Acute leukemia may appear in younger dogs (typically over 4 years of age) while the chronic leukemia occurs in senior dogs over the age of 10. (vetinfo.com)

They estimate 16% of the cases of leukemia diagnosed in the workers' study can be attributed to Chernobyl exposures (i.e. represent the increased risk compared to the general population). (treehugger.com)
Overall, it should be noted, there were only 137 cases of leukemia diagnosed over the 20-year span of the study, which is a tiny percentage compared to the number of workers involved, but still well above the 1 in a million excess cases of illness typically targeted when 'safe' levels of exposure are determined. (treehugger.com)

Acute forms of leukemia are the most common forms of leukemia in children . (wikipedia.org)
Mixed phenotype acute leukemia is when these two forms of leukemia combine. (webmd.com)

People with leukemia are at significantly increased risk for developing infections, anemia , and bleeding. (medicinenet.com)
During this extraordinary time Leukemia is committed to providing research which will help our readers care for people with haematological disorders at risk of SARS-CoV2-infection and COVID-19. (nature.com)
Nonidentical twins and other siblings of children with leukemia have a higher than average risk of developing this illness. (kidshealth.org)
Who is at risk for leukemia? (medlineplus.gov)
Overall, your risk of leukemia goes up as you age. (medlineplus.gov)
It is important to keep in mind, however, that most people with these risk factors do not develop leukemia, and that many people who do suffer from leukemia have none of these risk factors. (encyclopedia.com)
Most people who have known risk factors do not get leukemia, while many who do get the disease have none of these risk factors. (news-medical.net)
In that case, the donor is more at risk of graft-versus-host disease than leukemia anyway. (bio.net)
Researchers found that among 515 Taiwanese children and teenagers with and without acute leukemia, those who ate cured meats and fish more than once a week had a 74 percent higher risk of leukemia than those who rarely ate these foods. (reuters.com)
On the other hand, kids who often ate vegetables and soy products, like tofu, had about half the leukemia risk of their peers who shunned vegetables and soy. (reuters.com)
Christiani and his colleagues found that among children who regularly ate cured meats and fish, those who also ate vegetables or soy products had a substantially lower leukemia risk. (reuters.com)
Chronic leukemias have the risk of undergoing a transformation to an acute leukemia, known as an acute blast crisis. (conservapedia.com)
Risk of leukemia. (bmj.com)

Leucemia - Tratamiento y Cura Es un cáncer que comienza dentro de la médula ósea, el tejido blando en el interior de los huesos que ayuda a formar las células sanguíneas. (causes.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms22

Diseases60

Chemicals and Drugs75

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science5

Health Care7

Incidence and occupational pattern of leukaemias, lymphomas, and testicular tumours in western Ireland over an 11 year period. (1/5761)

Tissue specific expression and chromosomal mapping of a human UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: alpha1,3-d-mannoside beta1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. (2/5761)

Bone marrow transplantation in pediatric patients with therapy-related myelodysplasia and leukemia. (3/5761)

Advances in therapy of multiple myeloma: lessons from acute leukemia. (4/5761)

The evolution of antibiotic therapy for neutropenic patients. (5/5761)

Toward a leukemia treatment strategy based on the probability of stem cell death: an essay in honor of Dr. Emil J Freireich. (6/5761)

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: therapeutic implications. (7/5761)

Cyclin A1 expression in leukemia and normal hematopoietic cells. (8/5761)

Leukemia

Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute

Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell

Leukemia, Lymphoid

Leukemia, Experimental

Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive

Leukemia Virus, Murine

Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Leukemia, T-Cell

Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute

Moloney murine leukemia virus

Leukemia, Hairy Cell

Leukemia L1210

Leukemia, B-Cell

Leukemia Virus, Bovine

Leukemia Virus, Feline

Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic

Leukemia, Radiation-Induced

Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein

Leukemia P388

Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute

Friend murine leukemia virus

HL-60 Cells

Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell

Cytarabine

Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute

AKR murine leukemia virus

Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl

Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase

Bone Marrow

Acute Disease

Remission Induction

Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Antineoplastic Agents

Daunorubicin

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Leukemia, Plasma Cell

Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase

Karyotyping

K562 Cells

Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1

Cell Line

Leukemia, Prolymphocytic

Neoplasm Proteins

Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit

Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile

Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute

Base Sequence

Leukemic Infiltration

Asparaginase

fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3

Philadelphia Chromosome

Lymphoma

Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative

Molecular Sequence Data

Apoptosis

Graft vs Leukemia Effect

Abelson murine leukemia virus

Chromosome Aberrations

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha Subunit

Preleukemia

Prognosis

Immunophenotyping

Neoplasm, Residual

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic

Cytogenetic Analysis

Retroviridae

Cell Differentiation

Drug Resistance, Neoplasm

Recurrence

Flow Cytometry

Neoplastic Stem Cells

Retroviridae Infections

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Cell Line, Tumor

Oxides