Lasers excimer. Medical search

Gas lasers with excited dimers (i.e., excimers) as the active medium. The most commonly used are rare gas monohalides (e.g., argon fluoride, xenon chloride). Their principal emission wavelengths are in the ultraviolet range and depend on the monohalide used (e.g., 193 nm for ArF, 308 nm for Xe Cl). These lasers are operated in pulsed and Q-switched modes and used in photoablative decomposition involving actual removal of tissue. (UMDNS, 2005)

An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.

A type of refractive surgery of the CORNEA to correct MYOPIA and ASTIGMATISM. An EXCIMER LASER is used directly on the surface of the EYE to remove some of the CORNEAL EPITHELIUM thus reshaping the anterior curvature of the cornea.

Techniques using laser energy in combination with a balloon catheter to perform angioplasty. These procedures can take several forms including: 1, laser fiber delivering the energy while the inflated balloon centers the fiber and occludes the blood flow; 2, balloon angioplasty immediately following laser angioplasty; or 3, laser energy transmitted through angioplasty balloons that contain an internal fiber.

A group of condensed ring hydrocarbons.

A technique utilizing a laser coupled to a catheter which is used in the dilatation of occluded blood vessels. This includes laser thermal angioplasty where the laser energy heats up a metal tip, and direct laser angioplasty where the laser energy directly ablates the occlusion. One form of the latter approach uses an EXCIMER LASER which creates microscopically precise cuts without thermal injury. When laser angioplasty is performed in combination with balloon angioplasty it is called laser-assisted balloon angioplasty (ANGIOPLASTY, BALLOON, LASER-ASSISTED).

The use of photothermal effects of LASERS to coagulate, incise, vaporize, resect, dissect, or resurface tissue.

Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque.

A surgical procedure to correct MYOPIA by CORNEAL STROMA subtraction. It involves the use of a microkeratome to make a lamellar dissection of the CORNEA creating a flap with intact CORNEAL EPITHELIUM. After the flap is lifted, the underlying midstroma is reshaped with an EXCIMER LASER and the flap is returned to its original position.

Lasers which use a solid, as opposed to a liquid or gas, as the lasing medium. Common materials used are crystals, such as YAG (YTTRIUM aluminum garnet); alexandrite; and CORUNDUM, doped with a rare earth element such as a NEODYMIUM; ERBIUM; or HOLMIUM. The output is sometimes additionally modified by addition of non-linear optical materials such as potassium titanyl phosphate crystal, which for example is used with neodymium YAG lasers to convert the output light to the visible range.

Treatment using irradiation with LASER light of low power intensity so that the effects are not due to heat, as they are in LASER THERAPY.

The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye consisting of five layers: stratified squamous CORNEAL EPITHELIUM; BOWMAN MEMBRANE; CORNEAL STROMA; DESCEMET MEMBRANE; and mesenchymal CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM. It serves as the first refracting medium of the eye. It is structurally continuous with the SCLERA, avascular, receiving its nourishment by permeation through spaces between the lamellae, and is innervated by the ophthalmic division of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE via the ciliary nerves and those of the surrounding conjunctiva which together form plexuses. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

The use of green light-producing LASERS to stop bleeding. The green light is selectively absorbed by HEMOGLOBIN, thus triggering BLOOD COAGULATION.

A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.

Surgical procedures employed to correct REFRACTIVE ERRORS such as MYOPIA; HYPEROPIA; or ASTIGMATISM. These may involve altering the curvature of the CORNEA; removal or replacement of the CRYSTALLINE LENS; or modification of the SCLERA to change the axial length of the eye.

The lamellated connective tissue constituting the thickest layer of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes.

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

A procedure to surgically correct REFRACTIVE ERRORS by cutting radial slits into the CORNEA to change its refractive properties.

The measurement of curvature and shape of the anterior surface of the cornea using techniques such as keratometry, keratoscopy, photokeratoscopy, profile photography, computer-assisted image processing and videokeratography. This measurement is often applied in the fitting of contact lenses and in diagnosing corneal diseases or corneal changes including keratoconus, which occur after keratotomy and keratoplasty.

Surgical techniques on the CORNEA employing LASERS, especially for reshaping the CORNEA to correct REFRACTIVE ERRORS.

Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. Visual acuity depends on the functions of RETINA, neuronal transmission, and the interpretative ability of the brain. Normal visual acuity is expressed as 20/20 indicating that one can see at 20 feet what should normally be seen at that distance. Visual acuity can also be influenced by brightness, color, and contrast.

Diseases of the cornea.

The use of ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation in the treatment of disease, usually of the skin. This is the part of the sun's spectrum that causes sunburn and tanning. Ultraviolet A, used in PUVA, is closer to visible light and less damaging than Ultraviolet B, which is ionizing.

Centers for storing various parts of the eye for future use.

Percutaneous transluminal procedure for removing atheromatous plaque from the coronary arteries. Both directional (for removing focal atheromas) and rotational (for removing concentric atheromatous plaque) atherectomy devices have been used.

Tunable liquid lasers with organic compounds (i.e., dye) which have a strong absorption band, used as the active medium. During emission, the dye has to be optically excited by another light source (e.g., another laser or flash lamp). The range of the emission wavelength may be anywhere from the ultraviolet to the near infrared (i.e., from 180 to 1100nm). These lasers are operated in continuous wave and pulsed modes. (UMDNS, 2005)

A scanning microscope-based, cytofluorimetry technique for making fluorescence measurements and topographic analysis on individual cells. Lasers are used to excite fluorochromes in labeled cellular specimens. Fluorescence is detected in multiple discrete wavelengths and the locational data is processed to quantitatively assess APOPTOSIS; PLOIDIES; cell proliferation; GENE EXPRESSION; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; and other cellular processes.

Refraction of LIGHT effected by the media of the EYE.

Agents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.

Unequal curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye. Thus a point source of light cannot be brought to a point focus on the retina but is spread over a more or less diffuse area. This results from the radius of curvature in one plane being longer or shorter than the radius at right angles to it. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the CORNEA. It is smooth and contains many free nerve endings.

The coagulation of tissue by an intense beam of light, including laser (LASER COAGULATION). In the eye it is used in the treatment of retinal detachments, retinal holes, aneurysms, hemorrhages, and malignant and benign neoplasms. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)

Thin strands of transparent material, usually glass, that are used for transmitting light waves over long distances.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.

The technology of transmitting light over long distances through strands of glass or other transparent material.

An alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate.

A refractive error in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus behind the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too short from front to back. It is also called farsightedness because the near point is more distant than it is in emmetropia with an equal amplitude of accommodation. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A surgical procedure or KERATOPLASTY involving selective stripping and replacement of diseased host DESCEMET MEMBRANE and CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM with a suitable and healthy donor posterior lamella. The advantage to this procedure is that the normal corneal surface of the recipient is retained, thereby avoiding corneal surface incisions and sutures.

Partial or total replacement of the CORNEA from one human or animal to another.

Techniques using a laser to cut away and harvest a specific cell or cluster of cells from a tissue section while viewing it under the microscope.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.

The period following a surgical operation.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

The escape of diagnostic or therapeutic material from the vessel into which it is introduced into the surrounding tissue or body cavity.

Methods of creating machines and devices.

Freedom of equipment from actual or potential hazards.

Single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea.

A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound "may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck, 11th ed)

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

The motion of phospholipid molecules within the lipid bilayer, dependent on the classes of phospholipids present, their fatty acid composition and degree of unsaturation of the acyl chains, the cholesterol concentration, and temperature.

The performance of dissections with the aid of a microscope.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

The fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.

A method of non-invasive, continuous measurement of MICROCIRCULATION. The technique is based on the values of the DOPPLER EFFECT of low-power laser light scattered randomly by static structures and moving tissue particulates.

A group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures. Radioactive DNA or RNA sequences are used in MOLECULAR GENETICS to detect the presence of a complementary sequence by NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum immediately below the visible range and extending into the x-ray frequencies. The longer wavelengths (near-UV or biotic or vital rays) are necessary for the endogenous synthesis of vitamin D and are also called antirachitic rays; the shorter, ionizing wavelengths (far-UV or abiotic or extravital rays) are viricidal, bactericidal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic and are used as disinfectants.

The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

A protein found in the thin filaments of muscle fibers. It inhibits contraction of the muscle unless its position is modified by TROPONIN.

Examination of the interior of the eye with an ophthalmoscope.

Methodologies used for the isolation, identification, detection, and quantitation of chemical substances.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

The use of devices which use detector molecules to detect, investigate, or analyze other molecules, macromolecules, molecular aggregates, or organisms.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum usually sensed as heat. Infrared wavelengths are longer than those of visible light, extending into the microwave frequencies. They are used therapeutically as heat, and also to warm food in restaurants.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Human corneal ablation threshold using the 193-nm ArF excimer laser. (1/239)

PURPOSE: To determine the human corneal threshold ablation energy density for the 193-nm ArF excimer laser, approximating clinical conditions. METHODS: The VISX Star (Santa Clara, CA) 193-nm argon fluoride excimer laser was used to ablate the cornea in human eye bank eyes under clinical conditions. Corneas were exposed to energy densities of 10, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 140 to 160 mJ/cm2. Corneas were fixed for light and transmission electron microscopy immediately after laser exposure. RESULTS: Different ablation thresholds for various corneal structural elements were observed. The ablation threshold for the collagen in the corneal stroma was determined to be 30 mJ/cm2. Keratocytes had ablation thresholds of 40 mJ/cm2. These different ablation thresholds accounted for the production of stromal peaks and valleys, with the keratocytes atop the peaks. CONCLUSIONS: Different corneal structural elements have different ablation threshold energy densities. (+info)

Excimer laser ophthalmic surgery: evaluation of a new technology. (2/239)

The aim of this article is to provide information and an overview of the potential risks and benefits of excimer laser surgery, a new and promising technique in ophthalmic surgery. Although this review concentrates on the use of the laser for refractive purposes, novel therapeutic techniques are also discussed. It is hoped that this will enable general practitioners, optometrists and physicians to provide appropriate advice and counselling for patients. (+info)

Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in rabbit cornea after excimer laser keratectomy. (3/239)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The biochemical basis for the development of subepithelial opacity of the cornea after excimer laser keratectomy has yet to be fully defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the alterations of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) after excimer laser keratectomy. METHODS: Rabbit corneas were harvested on days 5, 10, 20, and 30 after excimer laser photoablation. The amount of main disaccharide units was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, immunohistochemical studies were performed on corneal sections 20 days after the ablation. RESULTS: The concentrations of DeltaDi-0S at 5 and 10 days were significantly lower than before the ablation. DeltaDi-6S showed a significant increase 5 days after the ablation but DeltaDi-4S did not show any significant change. There was a significant increase in DeltaDi-HA at 20 and 30 days after ablation. In immunohistochemistry, the positive staining for DeltaDi-6S and hyaluronic acid was observed in the subepithelial region. These immunohistochemical results were well correlated with the HPLC findings. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in chondroitin-6 sulphate and hyaluronic acid may be related to corneal subepithelial opacity after excimer laser keratectomy. (+info)

Recent advances in refractive surgery. (4/239)

Refractive errors are some of the most common ophthalmic abnormalities world-wide and are associated with significant morbidity. Tremendous advances in treating refractive errors have occurred over the past 20 years. The arrival of the excimer laser has allowed a level of accuracy in modifying the cornea that was unattainable before. Although refractive surgery is generally safe and effective, it does carry some risks. Careful patient selection, meticulous surgical technique and frequent follow-up can avoid most complications. The experience of a surgical team can also affect the outcome and the incidence of complications. The future should bring continued improvement in outcomes, fewer complications and exciting new options for treating refractive errors. (+info)

Spherical and aspherical photorefractive keratectomy and laser in-situ keratomileusis for moderate to high myopia: two prospective, randomized clinical trials. Summit technology PRK-LASIK study group. (5/239)

OBJECTIVE: Determine the outcomes of single-zone photorefractive keratectomy (SZPRK), aspherical photorefractive keratectomy (ASPRK), and laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for the correction of myopia between -6 and -12 diopters. DESIGN: Two simultaneous prospective, randomized, multi-center clinical trials. PARTICIPANTS: 286 first-treated eyes of 286 patients enrolled in one of two studies. In Study I, 134 eyes were randomized to SZPRK (58 eyes) or ASPRK (76 eyes). In Study II, 152 eyes were randomized to ASPRK (76 eyes) or to LASIK (76 eyes). INTERVENTION: All eyes received spherical one-pass excimer laser ablation as part of PRK or LASIK performed with the Summit Technologies Apex laser under an investigational device exemption, with attempted corrections between -6 and -12 diopters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Data on uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, predictability and stability of refraction, and complications were analyzed. Follow-up was 12 months. RESULTS: At 1 month postoperatively, more eyes in the LASIK group achieved 20/20 and 20/25 or better uncorrected visual acuity than PRK-treated eyes; at the 20/25 or better level, the difference was significant for LASIK (29/76 eyes, 38%) over SZPRK (10/58 eyes, 17%) (P = .0064). At all subsequent postoperative intervals, no difference was seen between treatment groups. Similarly, best corrected visual acuities were better for LASIK than all PRK eyes at 1 month postoperatively, and LASIK was better than SZPRK at 3 months follow-up (e.g., for 20/20 or better at 1 month, LASIK 50/76 eyes (66%) versus SZPRK 24/57 eyes (42%), P = .0066). PRK eyes had a mean loss of BCVA through 6 months, while LASIK eyes had a slight gain of mean BCVA through month 6; at 12 months, both ASPRK groups but not SZPRK continued to have a small mean loss of BCVA (e.g., compared to preoperative, mean BCVA at 12 months for SZPRK was + 0.3, LASIK was +.21, ASPRK I was -0.11, and ASPRK II -0.31 (SZPRK versus ASPRK II, P = .0116). Predictability was better for PRK than LASIK at all follow-up intervals (e.g., for manifest refraction spherical equivalent +/- 1.0 diopters at 6 months, ASPRK I 42/62 eyes (68%) versus LASIK 29/72 eyes (40%), P = .0014%). Stability was slightly but insignificantly less in the LASIK eyes compared to PRK eyes. All visual outcome measures were better for eyes with preoperative myopia between -6 and -8.9 D compared with eyes with myopia between -9 and -12 D. No consistent differences in refractive outcomes or postoperative corneal haze were seen between aspherical and single-zone ablations; haze diminished over 12 months and was judged to be vision-impairing in only one ASPRK eye. Microkeratome and flap complications occurred in 4 eyes, resulting in delay of completion of the procedure in 3 eyes but not causing long-term impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in uncorrected visual acuity and return of best corrected visual acuity was more rapid for LASIK than PRK, but efficacy outcomes in the longer term through 12 months were similar for all treatment groups. LASIK eyes tended toward undercorrection with the nomogram employed in this study compared to PRK, but the scatter was similar, suggesting little difference between these procedures for most patients by 6 months and thereafter. No consistent advantage was demonstrated between aspherical and single-zone ablation patterns. Predictability was much better for all procedures for corrections of -6 to -8.9 D compared with -9 to -12 D. Sporadic loss of best corrected vision in the PRK eyes not found in the LASIK eyes and other measures of visual function require further study. (+info)

Enhancement ablation for the treatment of undercorrection after excimer laser in situ keratomileusis for correcting myopia. (6/239)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment of undercorrection after the excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correcting moderate and high myopia. METHODS: An enhancement ablation was performed in 48 eyes of 39 patients who had undergone LASIK but remained in undercorrection. Four procedures were performed within 1 month postoperatively, and the others performed between 3 and 10 months. The surgical technique includes the re-invert of the corneal cap from the temporal side, the excimer laser ablation, and the re-position of the cap. RESULTS: The undercorrection (spherical equivalent) ranged from -2.00 to -11.00 D, with a mean of -4.34D +/- 1.95 D. Following up after enhancement ablation was done after 4 to 12 months, the refractions in the 42 eyes were found to be within +/- 1.00 D. Undercorrection of -2.50 D to -5.00 D recurred in 6 eyes. Uncorrected visual acuity equals to the preoperative spectacle corrected visual acuity in 39 of 48 eyes (81.3%). Five eyes gained 1 line, 1 eye gained 2 lines and 4 eyes lost 1 line. No eyes had haze. CONCLUSION: Undercorrection after LASIK can be corrected by an enhancement ablation of the stroma under the primary corneal cap with a 193 nm ArF excimer laser, and the time for the enhancement of ablation is at 3 months postoperatively. (+info)

Excimer laser effects on outflow facility and outflow pathway morphology. (7/239)

PURPOSE: To determine the relative contributions to aqueous outflow resistance of the tissues distal to the inner wall of Schlemm's canal. METHODS: While performing constant pressure perfusion at 10 mm Hg, a 193-nm excimer laser (Questek) was used to precisely remove portions of sclera, unroofing Schlemm's canal while leaving the inner wall intact. The laser beam was masked to produce a beam 2 mm by 1 mm. The laser output was constant at a fluency of 75 mJ/cm2 and 20 Hz. The excimer laser at a frequency of 1 Hz was used as the aiming beam. Photoablation was performed on human cadaver eyes at the limbus at an angle of 0 degrees to 45 degrees from the optical axis. As the excimer photoablations progressed, Schlemm's canal was visualized by the fluorescence of the Barany's solution containing fluorescein dye. After perfusion fixation the eyes were immersion-fixed overnight. The facility of outflow before (Co) and after (Ce) the excimer ablation was measured in 7 eyes. RESULTS: The facility of outflow increased in all eyes after the excimer sinusotomy, from a mean of 0.29+/-0.02 before the sinusotomy to 0.37+/-0.03 microl/min per mm Hg after (P < 0.05). The mean ratio of outflow facility after and before ablation (Ce/Co) was 1.27+/-0.08 (range, 1.20-1.39), a reduction of outflow resistance of 21.3%. Using the formula of Ellingsen and Grant (1972), percentage of resistance to outflow eliminated = 100 [1 - alphaCo/Ce - (1 - alpha)Co], where alpha = fraction of the circumference dissected. Assuming that because of circumferential flow approximately 50% of Schlemm's canal is drained by the single opening made in the outer wall ablation studies, this results in resistance to outflow eliminated of 35%, which is consistent with the calculated eliminated resistance derived from the data of Rosenquist et al., 1989. Light and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the integrity of the inner wall Schlemm's canal underlying the area of ablation. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide direct evidence indicating that approximately one third of resistance to outflow in the human eye lies distal to the inner wall Schlemm's canal in an enucleated perfused human eye. (+info)

Analysis of the factors affecting decentration in photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia. (8/239)

To evaluate the relationship between ablation zone decentration measured by corneal topography and various factors such as sex, age, order of operation, preoperative sedative prescription, ablation diameter and depth, type of procedure (photorefractive keratectomy = PRK, laser in situ keratomileusis = LASIK), and the use of a passive eye tracker, we examined the data of 80 eyes in 50 patients. The patients received PRK (43 eyes in 30 patients) or LASIK (37 eyes in 20 patients), and were followed for 3 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The overall average ablation decentration from the pupil center was 0.43 +/- 0.27 mm, 0.35 +/- 0.22 mm in PRK and 0.47 +/- 0.30 mm in LASIK. Overall 91.3% of patients were decentered less than 0.75 mm and 95.0% were decentered less than 1.00 mm, while 93.9% of patients were decentered less than 0.75 mm in PRK and 88.7% were decentered less than 0.75 mm in LASIK. The most meridional displacement was toward the superonasal quadrant; 46% in PRK and 51% in LASIK. There was less decentration in males, in the 2nd-operated eye, in older age, PRK, in larger ablation diameter, and in shallower ablation depth, but these differences were not statistically significant. (+info)

Myopia can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Genetics: Myopia can run in families, and people with a family history of myopia are more likely to develop the condition.
2. Near work: Spending too much time doing close-up activities such as reading or using digital devices can increase the risk of developing myopia.
3. Poor posture: Slouching or leaning forward can cause the eye to focus incorrectly, leading to myopia.
4. Nutritional deficiencies: A diet lacking in essential nutrients such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids may contribute to the development of myopia.
5. Eye stress: Prolonged eye strain due to excessive near work or other activities can lead to myopia.

Symptoms of myopia include:

1. Difficulty seeing distant objects clearly
2. Headaches or eye strain from trying to focus on distant objects
3. Squinting or rubbing the eyes to try to see distant objects more clearly
4. Difficulty seeing in low light conditions
5. Blurry vision at a distance, with close objects appearing clear.

Myopia can be diagnosed with a comprehensive eye exam, which includes a visual acuity test, refraction test, and retinoscopy. Treatment options for myopia include:

1. Glasses or contact lenses: These corrective lenses refract light properly onto the retina, allowing clear vision of both close and distant objects.
2. Laser eye surgery: Procedures such as LASIK can reshape the cornea to improve its curvature and reduce myopia.
3. Orthokeratology (ORTHO-K): A non-surgical procedure that uses a specialized contact lens to reshape the cornea while you sleep.
4. Myopia control: This involves using certain treatments or techniques to slow down the progression of myopia in children and young adults.
5. Multifocal lenses: These lenses have multiple focal points, allowing for clear vision of both near and distant objects without the need for glasses or contact lenses.

In conclusion, myopia is a common vision condition that can be caused by a variety of factors and symptoms can include difficulty seeing distant objects clearly, headaches, and eye strain. Treatment options include glasses or contact lenses, laser eye surgery, ORTHO-K, myopia control, and multifocal lenses. It is important to consult an eye doctor for a comprehensive evaluation and to determine the best course of treatment for your specific case of myopia.

1. Keratoconus: This is a progressive thinning of the cornea that can cause it to bulge into a cone-like shape, leading to blurred vision and sensitivity to light.
2. Fuchs' dystrophy: This is a condition in which the cells in the innermost layer of the cornea become damaged, leading to clouding and blurred vision.
3. Bullous keratopathy: This is a condition in which there is a large, fluid-filled bubble on the surface of the cornea, which can cause blurred vision and discomfort.
4. Corneal ulcers: These are open sores on the surface of the cornea that can be caused by infection or other conditions.
5. Dry eye syndrome: This is a condition in which the eyes do not produce enough tears, leading to dryness, irritation, and blurred vision.
6. Corneal abrasions: These are scratches on the surface of the cornea that can be caused by injury or other conditions.
7. Trachoma: This is an infectious eye disease that can cause scarring and blindness if left untreated.
8. Ocular herpes: This is a viral infection that can cause blisters on the surface of the cornea and lead to scarring and vision loss if left untreated.
9. Endophthalmitis: This is an inflammation of the inner layer of the eye that can be caused by bacterial or fungal infections, and can lead to severe vision loss if left untreated.
10. Corneal neovascularization: This is the growth of new blood vessels into the cornea, which can be a complication of other conditions such as dry eye syndrome or ocular trauma.

These are just a few examples of the many different types of corneal diseases that can affect the eyes. It's important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms such as pain, redness, or blurred vision in one or both eyes. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and preserve vision.

Astigmatism can occur in people of all ages and is usually present at birth, but it may not become noticeable until later in life. It may also develop as a result of an injury or surgery. Astigmatism can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery, such as LASIK.

There are different types of astigmatism, including:

1. Corneal astigmatism: This is the most common type of astigmatism and occurs when the cornea is irregularly shaped.
2. Lens astigmatism: This type of astigmatism occurs when the lens inside the eye is irregularly shaped.
3. Mixed astigmatism: This type of astigmatism occurs when both the cornea and lens are irregularly shaped.

Astigmatism can cause a range of symptoms, including:

* Blurred vision at all distances
* Distorted vision (such as seeing objects as being stretched out or blurry)
* Eye strain or fatigue
* Headaches or eye discomfort
* Squinting or tilting the head to see clearly

If you suspect you have astigmatism, it's important to see an eye doctor for a comprehensive eye exam. Astigmatism can be diagnosed with a visual acuity test and a retinoscopy, which measures the way the light enters the eye.

Astigmatism is a common vision condition that can be easily corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. If you have astigmatism, it's important to seek professional treatment to improve your vision and reduce any discomfort or strain on the eyes.

The exact cause of vitiligo is still unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In people with vitiligo, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys melanocytes, leading to a loss of skin pigmentation. The disease can also be triggered by physical or emotional stress, sun exposure, and certain medications.

The symptoms of vitiligo can vary in severity and progression. They may include:

1. White patches on the skin, which can appear suddenly or gradually over time.
2. Loss of skin pigmentation in specific areas, such as the face, hands, or limbs.
3. Thinning or loss of hair on affected areas.
4. Premature whitening or graying of the hair.
5. Itching, pain, or sensitivity in the affected areas.
6. Emotional distress and reduced quality of life due to the visible appearance of the disease.

There is no cure for vitiligo, but various treatments can help manage the symptoms and slow down its progression. These may include:

1. Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
2. Topical immunomodulators to suppress the immune system and promote skin repigmentation.
3. Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy to slow down the progression of the disease and improve skin appearance.
4. Psoralen photochemotherapy to promote skin repigmentation and reduce inflammation.
5. Surgical skin grafting or blister grafting to cover small areas of depigmentation.
6. Camouflage makeup to cover the affected areas and improve self-esteem.

In addition to these treatments, it is essential for patients with vitiligo to protect their skin from the sun by using broad-spectrum sunscreens, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade when the sun is strongest.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help improve the quality of life for patients with vitiligo. However, the emotional and psychological impact of the disease should not be underestimated, and patients may require long-term support and counseling to cope with the challenges of living with this condition.

Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is a common vision condition in which close objects appear blurry while distant objects appear clear. This occurs when the eyeball is shorter than normal or the cornea is not curved enough, causing light rays to focus behind the retina rather than directly on it. Hyperopia can be treated with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

Word origin: Greek "hyper" (beyond) + "ops" (eye) + -ia (suffix denoting a condition or state)

First recorded use: 1690s

The term extravasation is commonly used in medical contexts to describe the leakage of fluids or medications from a blood vessel or other body structure. In the context of diagnostic and therapeutic materials, extravasation can refer to the leakage of materials such as contrast agents, medications, or other substances used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Extravagation of diagnostic and therapeutic materials can have significant consequences, including tissue damage, infection, and systemic toxicity. For example, if a contrast agent used for imaging purposes leaks into the surrounding tissues, it can cause inflammation or other adverse reactions. Similarly, if a medication intended for injection into a specific location leaks into the surrounding tissues or organs, it can cause unintended side effects or toxicity.

To prevent extravasation of diagnostic and therapeutic materials, healthcare providers must follow proper techniques and protocols for administration and use of these materials. This may include using sterile equipment, following proper injection techniques, and monitoring the patient closely for any signs of complications. In cases where extravasation does occur, prompt treatment and management are essential to minimize potential harm and prevent long-term consequences.

Recurrence can also refer to the re-emergence of symptoms in a previously treated condition, such as a chronic pain condition that returns after a period of remission.

In medical research, recurrence is often studied to understand the underlying causes of disease progression and to develop new treatments and interventions to prevent or delay its return.

Coronary disease is often caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, obesity, and a lack of physical activity. It can also be triggered by other medical conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease.

The symptoms of coronary disease can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include:

* Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
* Shortness of breath
* Fatigue
* Swelling of the legs and feet
* Pain in the arms and back

Coronary disease is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as electrocardiograms (ECGs), stress tests, and cardiac imaging. Treatment for coronary disease may include lifestyle changes, medications to control symptoms, and surgical procedures such as angioplasty or bypass surgery to improve blood flow to the heart.

Preventative measures for coronary disease include:

* Maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine
* Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption
* Managing high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and other underlying medical conditions
* Reducing stress through relaxation techniques or therapy.

1. Infection: Bacterial or viral infections can develop after surgery, potentially leading to sepsis or organ failure.
2. Adhesions: Scar tissue can form during the healing process, which can cause bowel obstruction, chronic pain, or other complications.
3. Wound complications: Incisional hernias, wound dehiscence (separation of the wound edges), and wound infections can occur.
4. Respiratory problems: Pneumonia, respiratory failure, and atelectasis (collapsed lung) can develop after surgery, particularly in older adults or those with pre-existing respiratory conditions.
5. Cardiovascular complications: Myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiac failure can occur after surgery, especially in high-risk patients.
6. Renal (kidney) problems: Acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease can develop postoperatively, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
7. Neurological complications: Stroke, seizures, and neuropraxia (nerve damage) can occur after surgery, especially in patients with pre-existing neurological conditions.
8. Pulmonary embolism: Blood clots can form in the legs or lungs after surgery, potentially causing pulmonary embolism.
9. Anesthesia-related complications: Respiratory and cardiac complications can occur during anesthesia, including respiratory and cardiac arrest.
10. delayed healing: Wound healing may be delayed or impaired after surgery, particularly in patients with pre-existing medical conditions.

It is important for patients to be aware of these potential complications and to discuss any concerns with their surgeon and healthcare team before undergoing surgery.

... (ELT) is a procedure to create holes in the trabecular meshwork to reduce intraocular pressure. It ... "Excimer Laser Trabeculostomy: An Effective Microinvasive Glaucoma Surgery Procedure for Open-Angle Glaucoma - American Academy ... uses a XeCl 308 nm excimer laser. It is considered a minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries, and was described in 1987 by Dr. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excimer_laser_trabeculostomy

An excimer laser, sometimes more correctly called an exciplex laser, is a form of ultraviolet laser which is commonly used in ... These were the electra and Nike laser systems. Because the excimer laser is a gas-based system, the laser does not heat up like ... Subsequent work introduced the excimer laser for use in angioplasty. Xenon chloride (308 nm) excimer lasers can also treat a ... Scholia has a profile for excimer laser (Q241056). Beam homogenizer Electrolaser Excimer lamp Krypton fluoride laser Moore's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excimer_laser

In neurosurgery, excimer laser assisted non-occlusive anastomosis (ELANA) is a technique use to create a bypass without ... Tulleken, C.A.; Verdaasdonk, R.M.; Beck, R.J.; Mali, W.P. (November 1996). "The Modified Excimer Laser-Assisted High-Flow ... is created with radiation from a 308 nm excimer laser delivered through a catheter inserted in the vessel that will become the ... Grady, Denise (December 19, 2006). "With Lasers and Daring, Doctors Race to Save a Young Man's Brain". New York Times. p. F1. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excimer_laser-assisted_nonocclusive_anastomosis

1984). Excimer Lasers. Berlin: Springer. p. 271. B. Gellert; U. Kogelschatz (1991). "Generation of Excimer Emission in ... Rare gas-halide trimers, metal excimers, metal-rare gas excimers, metal-halide excimers, and rare gas-oxide excimers are also ... The spectral maximum of excimer lamp radiation is specified by a working excimer molecule (see table below). Excimers are ... "Stereolithography with XeCl excimer laser/lamp". Proceedings of the SPIE. High-Power Lasers in Manufacturing. 3888: 264-271. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excimer_lamp

O'Keefe, M. (1998). "Excimer Lasers in Ophthalmology. Principles and Practice". British Journal of Ophthalmology. 82 (2): e203 ... Machat is primary author of the textbook Excimer Laser Refractive Surgery-Practice and Principles cited in peer-reviewed ... Müller, Bert; Boeck, Thomas; Hartmann, Christian (2004). "Effect of excimer laser beam delivery and beam shaping on corneal ... Machat was one of the first ophthalmologists in North America to perform laser vision correction in 1991 and the first to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Machat

The application of excimer lasers in Lasik eye surgery has resulted in vision correction in many cases. Excimer Laser is also ... Jain, Kanti (1987). Luk, Ting-Shan (ed.). "Advances in excimer laser lithography". Proceedings of SPIE. Excimer Lasers and ... At this meeting, Bhaumik presented substantial evidence to demonstrate for the first time that an excimer laser could be ... The most widespread application of excimer laser has been in photolithography, a critical technology used in the manufacturing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mani_Lal_Bhaumik

The first excimer laser design used a xenon dimer molecule (Xe2) as the lasing medium, and the earliest laser designs used ... and later found that the laser gain was improved by adding helium to the lasing medium. The first excimer laser used a xenon ... The xenon chloride excimer laser has certain dermatological uses. Because of the xenon atom's large, flexible outer electron ... Xenon chloride and xenon fluoride have also been used in excimer (or, more accurately, exciplex) lasers. Xenon has been used as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenon

After that, the excimer laser ablates the tissue according to the required correction. When the flap again covers the cornea, ... In a LASIK pre-procedure, a corneal flap is cut into the cornea and lifted to allow the excimer laser beam access to the ... Trokel SL, Srinivasan R, Braren B (December 1983). "Excimer laser surgery of the cornea". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 96 ... Seiler T, Bende T, Wollensak J, Trokel S (February 1988). "Excimer laser keratectomy for correction of astigmatism". American ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopia

An ultraviolet excimer laser pulsed at 193 nm was able to etch living tissue precisely without causing any thermal damage to ... In 1981, Srinivasan and his coworkers determined that an ultraviolet excimer laser could be used to etch designs into polymers ... The award was presented on February 1, 2013 by President Barack Obama, to acknowledge their work with the Excimer laser, ... Basting, D.; Marowsky, G. (2005). Excimer laser technology. Berlin: Springer/Praxis. p. 167. ISBN 978-3-540-26667-9. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangaswamy_Srinivasan

The noble gases are used in excimer lasers, which are based on short-lived electronically excited molecules known as excimers. ... The excimers used for lasers may be noble gas dimers such as Ar2, Kr2 or Xe2, or more commonly, the noble gas is combined with ... Excimer lasers have many industrial, medical, and scientific applications. They are used for microlithography and ... Basting, Dirk; Marowsky, Gerd (2005). Excimer Laser Technology. Springer. ISBN 3-540-20056-8. Sanders, Robert D.; Ma, Daqing; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_gas

Ophth Surg Lasers. 1996;27:315-317. Hersh PS, Shah S, Holladay JT. Corneal asphericity following excimer laser photorefractive ... Excimer laser refractive surgery. West J Med. 1998;169:30-38 Abbas U, Hersh PS. Copy of Early Corneal topography patterns after ... Excimer laser technology: key concepts for the ophthalmologist. Seminars in Ophthal. 1996;11:212-223. Shah S, Hersh PS. ... Wu Hu; Steinert, R; Thompson, V; Slade, S; Hersh, P S. New York: Thieme Publishing 1998 Therapeutic Uses of the Excimer Laser ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Hersh

Ultimately, the first human to undergo laser vision correction with the excimer laser was a patient with a uveal melanoma in an ... May 1989). "Excimer Laser Ablation in a Human Eye". Archives of Ophthalmology. 107 (5): 641-2. doi:10.1001/archopht. ... eye slated for enucleation who allowed Marguerite McDonald to perform an excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). ... and was involved in the first laser vision photorefractive keratectomy of the eye with Marguarite McDonald. He began his ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_E._Kaufman

Deep UV excimer laser photolithography - Invented by Kanti Jain at IBM circa 1980. Prior to this, excimer lasers had been ... Jain, K. "Excimer Laser Lithography", SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA, 1990. La Fontaine, Bruno (October 2010). "Lasers and Moore's ... From a broader scientific perspective, the invention of excimer laser lithography has been highlighted as one of the major ... "Ultrafast deep-UV lithography with excimer lasers". IEEE Electron Device Letters. 3 (3): 53-55. Bibcode:1982IEDL....3...53J. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore's_law

Turovets, I.; Maggen, Michael; Lewis, A. (1998). "Cleaning of daguerreotypes with an excimer laser". Studies in Conservation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguerreotype

HTV uses a laser (often an argon-fluoride excimer laser operating at ~193 nm) to dissociate the water in the flow into H + OH. ... OTV consists of an initial "write" step, where a 193-nm pulsed excimer laser creates ozone grid lines via oxygen (O2) UV ... where a 248-nm excimer laser photodissociates the formed O3 and fluoresces the vibrationally excited O2 product thus revealing ... "Ozone tagging velocimetry using narrowband excimer lasers" (PDF). AIAA Journal. 37: 708-714. Bibcode:1999AIAAJ..37..708R. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyl_tagging_velocimetry

Koch, DD (1997). "Excimer laser technology: new options coming to fruition". Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery 23 (10 ... The method can also be used to refine surgical techniques or correct laser settings in future procedures. The system underpins ... laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis). Alpins has specialized in cataract and refractive surgery since founding NewVision ... "Standardized analyses of correction of astigmatism by laser systems that reshape the cornea". Journal of refractive surgery 22 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noel_Alpins

LASEK, PRK, and Excimer Laser Stromal Surface Ablation. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 2005. ISBN 978-0824754341 Melki SA, Azar ... Excimer Laser Therapy: Phototherapeutic Keratectomy Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1997 ISBN 978-0683303469 Azar DT. ... Azar, Dimitri T.; Koch, Douglas (2002-11-26). LASIK (Laser in Situ Keratomileusis): Fundamentals, Surgical Techniques, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimitri_Azar

While state-of-the-art 193 nm ArF excimer lasers offer intensities of 200 W/cm2, lasers for producing EUV-generating plasmas ... then excimer wavelengths first of 248 nm (krypton fluoride laser) and then 193 nm (argon fluoride laser), which was called deep ... 2003). Yen, Anthony (ed.). "Excimer lasers for superhigh NA 193-nm lithography". Proc. SPIE. Optical Microlithography XVI. 5040 ... As of 2016, the established EUV light source is a laser-pulsed tin plasma. The ions absorb the EUV light they emit, and are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_ultraviolet_lithography

A helium neon excimer can be found in a mixed plasma or helium and neon. Some other excimers can be found in solid neon, ... The cyclic molecule Be2O2 can be made by evaporating Be with a laser with oxygen and an excess of inert gas. It coordinates two ... Cesium can form excimer molecules with neon CsNe*. A hydrogen-neon excimer is known to exist. Fluorescence was observed by ... The Ne* 2 molecule exists in an excited state in an excimer lamp using a microhollow cathode. This emits strongly in the vacuum ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon_compounds

United States Naval Research Laboratory Excimer laser Krypton fluoride laser List of laser types Obenschain, Stephen, et al. " ... This allows excimer lasers to fire at high repetition rates. The other advantage is that this beam does not pass through a ... Nike KrF Laser Facility at navy.mil v t e (Inertial confinement fusion research lasers, All stub articles, Plasma physics stubs ... In a gas-based laser, the entire gas molecule changes energy levels to release light. This is different from lasers that rely ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike_laser

... will seek to compare the safety and effectiveness of wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery with conventional excimer laser ... Li SM, Kang MT, Zhou Y, Wang NL, Lindsley K (2017). "Wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery for adults with refractive ... Ultraviolet Laser can alter the refractive index of curtain lens materials such as epoxy polymer on a point by point basis in ... Based on Wavefront map of the eye and with the use of laser a lens is shaped to compensate for the aberrations of the eye and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrations_of_the_eye

Fabrication of microstructures in FOTURAN using excimer and femtosecond lasers. Photon Processing in Microelectronics and ... Many of those deal with topics such as Micromachining Foturan 3D / laser direct writing in Foturan Using Foturan for optical ... Livingston, F.E.; Adams, P.M.; Helvajian, Henry (2005). "Influence of cerium on the pulsed UV nanosecond laser processing of ... waveguides Using Foturan for volume gratings Processing Foturan via excimer / femtosecond laser Foturan is mainly used for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foturan

Excimer laser development and production technique of short light pulses by excimer laser (1978-1987). Production of ultrashort ... Hebling, J. (1987-12-15). "Excimer laser pumped distributed feedback dye laser". Optics Communications. 64 (6): 539-543. ... "20 ps pulse generation by an excimer laser pumped double self-Q-switched distributed feedback dye laser". Applied Physics B. 47 ... He is well known for his preliminary works on terahertz physics and spectroscopy, laser physics, nonlinear optics, production ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/János_Hebling

Generates a post-dissociation excimer laser, which is much better than other chlorine donors. 16,000 consecutive excimer lasers ... Xenon monochloride (XeCl) is an exciplex which is used in excimer lasers and excimer lamps emitting near ultraviolet light at ... For Xe 2Cl lasers, the situation is simple when reacted with CCl 4. For the XeCl laser, the harpooning kinetics is more complex ... Presently, the Xe 2Cl laser has not been industrially developed. Unlike XeCl, the best chlorine donor is CCl 4 while no laser ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenon_monochloride

These included excimer lasers, nitrogen-pumped lasers and an Alexandrite laser. By building laser systems in the laboratory, ... The experiments consisted of one laser for the photodissociation of the parent molecule, and another laser to excite the free ... A year later he returned to Goddard, where he developed a system to detect free radicals using laser beams. In 1974 one of ... His laser systems exploit resonant four-wave mixing, which allows them to photodissociate gases observed in planetary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_M._Jackson_(chemist)

It can also be removed with the excimer laser (phototherapeutic keratectomy). Other modalities include diamond burr and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band_keratopathy

The advent of excimer laser technology (e.g., laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, or LASIK) also introduced a conundrum ... Koch, DD (1997). "Excimer laser technology: new options coming to fruition". Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 23 (10 ... The method can also be used to refine surgical techniques or correct laser settings in future procedures. The Alpins Method is ... Alpins N, Stamatelatos G. "Chapter 24: The Cornea - Part X: Treatment and analysis of astigmatism during the laser era." In: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpins_method

No excimer laser is used in the "ReLEx-procedures". The excimer laser is used to ablate the most anterior portion of the ... It is now generally replaced by laser thermal keratoplasty/laser thermokeratoplasty. Laser thermal keratoplasty (LTK) is a non- ... It employs excimer laser to ablate outer layer of cornea, epithelium, as well its connective tissue, stroma, to correct eye ... Laser Assisted Sub-Epithelium Keratomileusis (LASEK) is a procedure that also changes the shape of the cornea using an excimer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_surgery

1984-01-01). "Materials processing by high-repetition-rate pulsed excimer and carbon dioxide lasers". Applied Optics. The ... is the absorbed laser intensity, β is the laser absorption coefficient depending on laser wavelength and target material, and I ... Drilling Laser cutting List of laser articles Forsman, A; et al. (June 2007). "Superpulse A nanosecond pulse format to improve ... Bovatsek, Jim; Tamhankar, Ashwini; Patel, Rajesh (November 1, 2012). "Ultraviolet lasers: UV lasers improve PCB manufacturing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_drilling

Nitrogen lasers and excimer laser are used in pulsed dye laser pumping. Ion lasers, mostly argon, are used in CW dye laser ... Excimer lasers are powered by a chemical reaction involving an excited dimer, or excimer, which is a short-lived dimeric or ... A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light. The gas laser was ... In laser printing He-Ne laser is used as a source for writing on the photosensitive material. He-Ne lasers were used in reading ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_laser

Short-lived excimers of Xe2 are reported to exist as a part of the function of excimer lasers.[citation needed] Krypton gas ... and are used in the function of excimer lasers.[citation needed] Recently,[when?] xenon has been shown to produce a wide ... short-lived excimers of noble gas halides such as XeCl2 or XeCl are prepared in situ, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_gas_compound

... may refer to: ELANA, excimer laser-assisted nonocclusive anastomosis, a type of bypass surgery ELaNa: Educational Launch ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELANA

Electron beams pump free electron lasers and some excimer lasers. Gas dynamic lasers are constructed using the supersonic flow ... Diode lasers pump solid state lasers and liquid dye lasers. A ring laser design is often used, especially in dye lasers. The ... A laser of a suitable type can be used to pump another laser. The pump laser's narrow spectrum allows it to be closely matched ... "Lamp-pumped Lasers". Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology. RP Photonics. Retrieved 3 February 2009. Solid-state laser ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_pumping

... the photolysis laser may be a XeCl excimer laser operating at 308 nm, however infrared lasers are mostly used in existing ... The laser for the excitation is usually a carbon dioxide laser with output wavelength shifted from 10.6 µm to 16 µm; ... Molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS) is a method of isotope separation, where specially tuned lasers are used to separate ... Laser isotope separation uranium enrichment Reed J. Jenson, O'Dean P. Judd, and J. Allan Sullivan Separating Isotopes with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_laser_isotope_separation

Laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK), to treat nearsightedness, also using an excimer laser. Within one year of its FDA ... In 1991, shortly after the first laser to perform laser vision correction procedures in Canada was approved, LCA-Vision began ... An early advocate of applying laser technology in medical disciplines, he founded a laser technology device company and later, ... Laser Centers of America, Inc., LCA-Vision's corporate predecessor, was incorporated in 1985. The company served as a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LCA-Vision

XeCl Excimer-Laser Annealing (ELA) is the first key method to produce p-Si by melting a-Si material through laser irradiation. ... "XeClExcimer Laser Annealing Used in the Fabrication of Poly-Si TFT's." IEEE Electron Device Letters 07.05 (1986): 276-78. IEEE ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-temperature_polycrystalline_silicon

Before the advent of the excimer laser, keratomileusis was performed using a cryolathe, which froze thin flaps of corneal ... front surface of the eye by forming a thin hinged flap under which the shape of the cornea is changed by using an excimer laser ... A microkeratome is usually used to cut the flap, but a femtosecond laser can also be used to make the flap. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratomileusis

Blum's most notable invention is the patent on the ultraviolet excimer laser, which is used in surgical and dental procedures, ... which provided the laser technology that is central in LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) surgery. The co-inventors ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_E._Blum

Machat, JJ, "Fundamental Concepts and Principles of the Excimer Laser and LASIK" 1996, from The Art of LASIK, Second Ed., ... The Munnerlyn Formula is the theoretical formula discovered by Charles Munnerlyn which gives the depth an excimer laser will ... Munnerlyn, Charles R.; Koons, Stephen J.; Marshall, John (1988). "Photorefractive keratectomy: A technique for laser refractive ... Machat, JJ, Slade, SG, Probst, LE eds, (Slack: Thorofare, NJ), ISBN 1-55642-386-1, Chapt 3, pg 33 (Laser medicine). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munnerlyn_Formula

... experiments with an excimer laser 1989 Alan Walter Rudge on The organization and management of R&D in a privatised British ... applications of high power lasers 1999 Andy Hopper on Progress and research in the communications industry 2000 Eli ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_Paterson_Lecture

At the extreme end of the laser spectrum, fluorine excimer laser at 157 nm could store 30 gigabytes per cubic millimeter. In ... Light from a single laser beam is divided into two, or more, separate optical patterns of dark and light pixels. By adjusting ... For example, light from a helium-neon laser is red, 632.8 nm wavelength light. Using light of this wavelength, perfect ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_data_storage

1987), A pulsed electron injector using a metal photocathode irradiated by an excimer laser, Proceedings of Particle ... see article Particle therapy) Bursting a Petawatt Laser onto a titanium foil to produce a proton beam. Charged beams may be ... using the electromagnetic energy of pulsed high-power laser systems or the kinetic energy of other charged particles. This ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_beam

... use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the process of ablation of ophthalmic hydrogels with excimer lasers. ... General studies on the interaction between high-energy laser radiation and polymers.[citation needed] Invention and development ... demonstrating that the monomer release following the irradiation of IOL materials with surgical IR lasers is too low to cause ... artificial vitreous substitutes and in topics such as interaction of laser radiation with polymers, photoresponsive polymers, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traian_V._Chirilă

Ulcerative vernal keratitis require surgical treatment in the form of debridement, superficial keratectomy, excimer laser ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernal_keratoconjunctivitis

An excimer laser or, alternatively, green lasers such as a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser is used to heat the amorphous silicon ... "Numerical and experimental analysis on green laser crystallization of amorphous silicon thin films", Optics & Laser Technology ... Ideally, the laser should melt the silicon film through its entire thickness, but not damage the substrate. Toward this end, a ... Compared to the laser method, this technique is simpler and more cost effective. Plasma torch annealing is attractive because ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon

YAG laser uses either light focused from a xenon flash lamp or diode lasers, and excimer lasers use a chemical reaction. The ... Solid-State Laser Engineering, 3rd ed., Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-53756-2 Sam's Laser FAQ A Practical Guide to Lasers for ... Solid-state lasers are usually pumped by flashlamps or light from another laser. Semiconductors, a type of solid, crystal with ... There are hundreds if not thousands of different gain media in which laser operation has been achieved (see list of laser types ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_construction

In conjunction with rare gases CsCl is used in excimer lamps and excimer lasers. Other uses include activation of electrodes in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesium_chloride

Lumpp, J.K.; Allen, S.D. (1997-08-01). "Excimer laser machining and metallization of vias in aluminum nitride". IEEE ... Her research has spanned multiple applications of lasers and optics, including spectroscopy, laser sensors, laser ablation, ... Subsequent research covered a variety of laser interactions with surfaces, including laser drilling and machining, laser- ... assisted desorption and particle removal, and laser ablation. Recent work has covered the use of picosecond pulsed lasers in a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_D._Allen

Bae, Jung Min; Hong, Bo Young; Lee, Joo Hee; Lee, Ji Hae; Kim, Gyong Moon (May 2016). "The efficacy of 308-nm excimer laser/ ... hydrocortisone plus laser light is better than laser light alone, gingko biloba is better than placebo, and oral mini-pulse of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitiligo

S4 IR Excimer Laser WaveScan WaveFront System IntraLase FS Laser Advanced CustomVue Procedure iFS Advanced Femtosecond Laser ... The combination of these complementary technologies has made "all-laser LASIK" possible. NASA later approved this all-laser ... The laser franchise retained the VisX brand name, and VisX continued manufacturing and research and development activities at ... Article - Money - Laser-surgery firms merge Advanced Medical Optics - OC Business News - OCRegister.com Archived May 7, 2008, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_&_Johnson_Vision

Gainesville, Florida: Triad Publishing Company.[page needed] Milea, Dan; Burillon, Carole (1999). "Excimer laser ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corectopia

There are several laser types used in medicine for ablation, including argon, carbon dioxide (CO2), dye, erbium, excimer, Nd: ... Dental laser Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy LASEK LASIK Laser bonding Laser cutting Laser engraving Laser scalpel Laser ... At low laser flux, the material is heated by the absorbed laser energy and evaporates or sublimates. At high laser flux, the ... Laser machining and particularly laser drilling are examples; pulsed lasers can drill extremely small, deep holes through very ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_ablation

... with Ralph Berggren on the lens design and building of diffraction limited optical resonators for high-energy excimer lasers ... She co-designed the optics for a medical printer that wrote digital half-tone images with four multi-mode diode lasers on a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmiña_Londoño

1998). "Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes by Means of Excimer Laser Ablation at High Temperature". Applied Physics Letters. ... 1996). "Nanotubes in Boron Nitride Laser Heated at High Pressure". Applied Physics Letters. 69 (14): 2045. Bibcode:1996ApPhL.. ... laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition, are used for mass-production of BN nanotubes at a tens of grams scale. BN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_nitride_nanotube

Directed-energy weapon Excimer laser Stellar nucleosynthesis ZETA (fusion reactor) From: http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Houtermans

... using a blunt laser catheter that perforates tissues in a controlled fashion. ... Laser puncture of the interatrial septum is feasible and safe in swine, ... Blunt atrial transseptal puncture using excimer laser in swine Abdalla A Elagha 1 , Ann H Kim, Ozgur Kocaturk, Robert J ... Blunt atrial transseptal puncture using excimer laser in swine Abdalla A Elagha et al. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2007. . ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17896413/

History of the Excimer Laser. The first excimer laser was invented by Basov, Danilychev and Popov in 1971 in Moscow Russia. ... Home » Whats New » San Jose LASIK and Excimer Laser technology. San Jose LASIK and Excimer Laser technology. .ecp-posts- ... In truth, the term excimer laser could be considered a misnomer since the majority of â€œexcimerâ€ lasers are created using the ... The excimer laser is an ultraviolet chemical laser and has been very effective in LASIK eye surgery. ...

https://www.turnereye.com/2006/08/08/san-jose-lasik-and-excimer-laser-technology/

A large area cold cathode diode X-ray source and its performances and dosage distribution along with the laser tube and the ... effects of X-ray intensity on the laser output energy were investigated experimentally. ... A large area X-ray source and its preionization characteristics for XeCl excimer laser *Lou, Q. ... A large area cold cathode diode X-ray source and its performances and dosage distribution along with the laser tube and the ...

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985ChRST.......81L/abstract

Ioannis Pallikaris (Greece) was part of ISRS webinar, Excimer Laser Vision Correction History, from December 2020. Dr. ...

https://www.isrs.org/multimedia-library/isrs-webinar-excimer-laser-vision-correction-histo-5

This can be achieved by using ultraviolet laser as a micromaching. In this case, an argon fluoride excimer laser was employed ... The Hybrid plastic-polymer was then ablated by series pulses of UV excimer laser. The pulses are controlled until the ... Surface treatment on polymethylmethacrylate hybrid using argon flouride excimer laser. Jurnal Fizik UTM, 3 . pp. 8-13. ISSN ... flatness, excimer, polymethylmethacrylate, Fabry-Perot interferometer, fabrication phase control. Subjects:. Q Science , QC ...

http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/8564/

1983-first medical paper published by Stephen Trokel on the potential of PRK for humans ...

https://southeasterneyecenter.com/info/lasik/slides/tsld018.htm

OC Skin Institute uses advanced technology like the Pharos Excimer Laser to treat psoriasis and vitiligo fast, simply and ... Pharos Excimer Laser. The Pharos Excimer Laser is a type of ultraviolet laser used to treat a variety of skin conditions. ... What Does Pharos Excimer Laser Treatment Involve?. When performed by a board-certified dermatologist, Pharos Excimer Laser ... Conditions Treated by Pharos Excimer Laser Therapy. The Pharos Excimer Laser is useful in treating psoriasis, which causes ...

https://www.ocskininstitute.com/pharos-excimer-laser/

our company excimer laser machine are high quality, we have own factory, you can completely trust on! We are always glad to ... offer attractive discount and promotions if you are gonna to purchase excimer laser machine in a wholesale way. ... LTD is a excimer laser machine wholesale supplier in China. ... 308nm excimer vitiligo excimer laser 308nm 308nm excimer uvb ... 308nm Excimer Phototherapy System. 308nm Excimer Laser. Portable 308nm Excimer Lamp. Woods Lamp. Colposcope. Video Colposcope. ...

http://www.kernelmedint.com/product-tag/excimer+laser+machine

New specific laser terms:. Lasers, Dye. Lasers, Excimer. Lasers, Gas. Lasers, Semiconductor. Lasers, Solid-State. Category G. ... Corneal Surgery, Laser (coordinate with disease term/surgery). Laser Coagulation (coordinate with disease term/surgery). Laser ... Laser Therapy (coordinate with disease term/surgery) Angioplasty, Laser (coordinate with disease term/surgery). ... All laser therapeutic techniques are now grouped under one general heading:. ...

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/nd07/nd07_medline_data_changes2008.html

Sapphire laser and 308-nm excimer laser treatment for vitili Comparison of 311-nm Titanium:Sapphire laser and 308-nm excimer ... The TitaniumSapphire laser showed similar therapeutic effect to excimer laser in localized vitiligo with good safety profiles ... The 308-nm excimer laser (EL) has been widely used for localized vitiligo. The recently developed TitaniumSapphire laser, emits ... Óxido de Alumínio; Lasers de Excimer/uso terapêutico; Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico; Terapia com Luz de Baixa ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/controlecancer/resource/pt/mdl-30681166

Find the best doctors for Excimer Laser in Video Consultation. Book in-person or online video appointments with the help of up ... LASER For Skin. LASER For Skin in Lahore LASER For Skin in Islamabad LASER For Skin in Rawalpindi LASER For Skin in Karachi ... Laser Hair Removal. Laser Hair Removal in Lahore Laser Hair Removal in Islamabad Laser Hair Removal in Rawalpindi Laser Hair ... What is Excimer Laser? An Excimer laser is a ultraviolet laser that is well-absorbed by biological matter and organic compounds ...

https://oladoc.com/pakistan/video-consultation/treatment/excimer-laser?only-video-consult=true&utm_source=excimer-laser_video-consultation&utm_medium=video-consultation-banner&utm_campaign=excimer-laser

Title Effects of Excimer Laser Radiation Properties on Condenser Illumination for Microlithography ...

https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/135690

Chinas leading Excimer Laser Gases product market, With strict quality control Excimer Laser Gases factories, Producing high ... quality Calibration Excimer Laser Gases XeF KrF NeF Mixture Gas For Industrial products. ... High quality Calibration Excimer Laser Gases XeF KrF NeF Mixture Gas For Industrial from China, ... Excimer Laser Gases. > Calibration Excimer Laser Gases XeF KrF NeF Mixture Gas For Industrial ...

https://www.highpurity-gases.com/sale-11477360-calibration-excimer-laser-gases-xef-krf-nef-mixture-gas-for-industrial.html

Turkey Excimer Laser. With the buildings modern arhitecture and 4000 m2 closed area, we have 3 operating rooms, 25 patient ... Excimer Laser - Lasik Heightness Of Eye Pressure. Pterygium Surgery. The Chalazion Surgeries. Lacrimal Duct Obstruction. ... Multidiod Laser Lacrimal Duct Obstruction. Strabismus Surgeries. Keratoconus Treatment. Vitrectomy Surgeries. Yellow Spot ...

https://vizyongozhospital.com/

The technique of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has been used with very encouraging results in the treatment of all ... Laser Therapy* / adverse effects * Lasers, Excimer * Photorefractive Keratectomy * Postoperative Complications* * Refractive ... The technique of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has been used with very encouraging results in the treatment of all ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10387465/?dopt=Abstract

Excimer laser procedures. Monovision. Monovision with an excimer laser is a well-established technique that corrects one eye ... Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for presbyopia: 24-month follow-up in three eyes. J Refract Surg 1998;14:31-7. ... A new method of corneal modulation with excimer laser for simultaneous correction of presbyopia and ammetropia. Graefes Arch ... Presbyond Laser Blended Vision (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) is an optimised laser treatment method attempting to improve ...

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/100/1/62

Laser Cutting Services. SUSS MicroTec Installs ELP300 Excimer Laser Stepper at Fraunhofer IZM Berlin. Garching - SUSS MicroTec ... Laser Cutting Services. Tube Laser System accepts raw tubes to 24 ft.. Equipped with 1,000 W fiber laser, Model LT2012 ... Laser Cutting Services. Laser Tube Cutting System handles small to medium-sized tubes.. Equipped with 1 kW IPG fiber laser, ... has successfully installed an ELP300 excimer laser stepper to support next generation advanced packaging and 3D IC laser ...

https://news.thomasnet.com/news/laser-cutting-services/4

Ikeda, A, Marui, D, Ikenoue, H & Asano, T 2015, Nitrogen doping of 4H-SiC by KrF excimer laser irradiation in liquid nitrogen ... Ikeda, A., Marui, D., Ikenoue, H., & Asano, T. (2015). Nitrogen doping of 4H-SiC by KrF excimer laser irradiation in liquid ... Nitrogen doping of 4H-SiC by KrF excimer laser irradiation in liquid nitrogen. Japanese journal of applied physics. 2015 Apr 1; ... We report nitrogen (N) doping of 4H-SiC by KrF excimer laser irradiation in liquid N2. In comparison to phosphorus (P) doping ...

https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/nitrogen-doping-of-4h-sic-by-krf-excimer-laser-irradiation-in-liq

Rated Power 160VA Display Mode LED screen Output Waveform XeCl excimer light Irradiation Area 22cm2±10% Lift time of light ... Technical parameters Technical Specifications Main Technical Parameters Production Introduction 308 Excimer Targeted ... SKU: KN-5000F Category: Excimer Laser 308 nm Tags: 308nm, Excimer laser, portable, xenon chloride ... Portable Excimer Laser 308nm Handheld Durable Targeted Excimer Phototherapy UV High Energy. $1,700.00. $1,680.00. ...

https://uvbshop.com/product/high-power-focused-xenon-chloride-handheld-xecl-excimer-308nm-laser-vitiligo-light-therapy/

Excimer laser crystallization of amorphous silicon on metallic substrate. F. Delachat; F. Antoni; A. Slaoui; C. Cayron; C. ... Laser powder-bed fusion of a high entropy alloy with outstanding intrinsic mechanical properties. N. Sohrabi; R. Ran; P. A. ... CW laser induced crystallization of thin amorphous silicon films deposited by EBE and PECVD. Z. Said-Bacar; P. Prathap; C. ...

https://people.epfl.ch/cyril.cayron/?lang=en

Lasers Systems. Manufacturing support systems Semiconductor manufacturing support systems Photometry systems Life science & ...

https://www.hamamatsu.com/us/en/product/optical-sensors/distance-position-sensor/lidar-sensor/photosensor-with-front-end-ic.html

carbon nanotubes, excimer laser, quartz crystal microbalance. Materials, Polymers and Nanomaterials. Citation. Hurst, K. , Van ... At 248 nm, near the resonance of the plasmon, we expect the interaction of laser light and carbon nanotube material to ... The QCM is a means to quantify laser damage with respect to irradiance, pulse width and exposure time. ... Quartz crystal microbalance for in-situ monitoring of laser cleaning of carbon nanotubes. ...

https://www.nist.gov/publications/quartz-crystal-microbalance-situ-monitoring-laser-cleaning-carbon-nanotubes

Excimer laser treatment. This treatment helps with small areas of patches and takes less than 4 months, two to three times per ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/skin-disorders/vitiligo-pictures?utm_source=ReadNext

... desiccation Dermabrasion Excision and closure Flap Surgery Grafting Hair restoration surgery Injectable neuromodulators Laser ... The Use of the 308-nm Excimer Laser for the Treatment of Vitiligo. HADI, SUHAIL M.; SPENCER, JAMES M.; LEBWOHL, MARK ... A Preliminary Study of Utilization of the 1320-nm Nd:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Acne Scarring. SADICK, NEIL S.; SCHECTER, ... The Use of Pulsed Dye Laser for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars in Chinese Persons. CHAN, HENRY H.; WONG, ...

https://journals.lww.com/dermatologicsurgery/toc/2004/07000

Excimer laser therapy is an effective and safe therapy for vitiligo of the face and neck area. Promising results from excimer ... Excimer laser therapy is an effective and safe therapy for vitiligo of the face and neck area. Promising results from excimer ... Excimer laser therapy is an effective and safe therapy for vitiligo of the face and neck area. Promising results from excimer ... Excimer laser therapy is an effective and safe therapy for vitiligo of the face and neck area. Promising results from excimer ...

https://yonsei.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/therapeutic-effects-of-308-nm-excimer-laser-in-the-treatment-of-v

Nomogram for aspherical operations for myopia correction using «Microscan-VIZUM» excimer laser. Редактор , 2018, Practical ... Laser technologies in ophthalmic surgery. Laser Physics, 2016, vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 1-20. ... aberrations or multifocality in patients with myopia when excimer laser operations with aspherical and standard algorithm were ... Karimova A.N. ― PhD (medicine), Researcher at the Department of Laser Refractive Surgery, e-mail: [email protected] ...

http://en.pmarchive.ru/nomogram-for-aspherical-operations-for-myopia-correction-using-microscan-vizum-excimer-laser/

Carbon nitride thin films prepared by nitrogen ion assisted pulsed laser deposition of graphite using KrF excimer laser. Thin ... Carbon nitride thin films prepared by nitrogen ion assisted pulsed laser deposition of graphite using KrF excimer laser. In: ... Carbon nitride thin films prepared by nitrogen ion assisted pulsed laser deposition of graphite using KrF excimer laser. / ... Carbon nitride thin films prepared by nitrogen ion assisted pulsed laser deposition of graphite using KrF excimer laser. ...

https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/carbon-nitride-thin-films-prepared-by-nitrogen-ion-assisted-pulse

Methods: Excimer laser photoablation was performed to a depth of 50 μm on rat corneas. Levels of mRNAs for EGF, TGF-α, TGF-β ... Methods: Excimer laser photoablation was performed to a depth of 50 μm on rat corneas. Levels of mRNAs for EGF, TGF-α, TGF-β ... Methods: Excimer laser photoablation was performed to a depth of 50 μm on rat corneas. Levels of mRNAs for EGF, TGF-α, TGF-β ... Methods: Excimer laser photoablation was performed to a depth of 50 μm on rat corneas. Levels of mRNAs for EGF, TGF-α, TGF-β ...

https://experts.unthsc.edu/en/publications/immunohistochemical-localization-of-egf-tgf-%CE%B1-tgf-%CE%B2-and-their-rec

... excimer laser to the anterior corneal stroma to change its curvature and, thus, to correct a refractive error. The physical ... Comparison of excimer laser treatment of astigmatism and myopia. The Excimer Laser and Research Group. Arch Ophthalmol. 1993 ... The first excimer lasers used to perform PRK in the late 1980s have been improved significantly in terms of size, efficiency, ... Excimer laser ablation in a human eye. Case report. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989 May. 107(5):641-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1221828-overview

Resistant nodules have been successfully treated with excimer lasers as well. [36, 33] UV-A1 has also been reported to benefit ... Targeted UVB-308 nm (NUVB) therapy with excimer laser in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory dermatoses ... excimer laser, and UV-A have been used with success, with no evidence that any modality is superior to the other. [33] Consider ... UVB 308-nm excimer light and bath PUVA: combination therapy is very effective in the treatment of prurigo nodularis. J Eur Acad ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1088032-102080/what-is-the-role-of-surgery-in-the-treatment-of-prurigo-nodularis

In this case, an argon fluoride excimer laser was employed as a source of ablation. (utm.my)
Multifocality achieved by excimer ablation sometimes known as presbyLasik, is interesting to refractive surgeons because it is familiar, seems less invasive than intraocular surgery and could theoretically be more controllable. (bmj.com)
To further understand their roles, mRNA levels were measured and proteins were immunolocalized in rat corneas at multiple time points during healing of excimer laser ablation injury. (unthsc.edu)
The mechanism of ablation of the excimer laser appears to be photochemical in nature and is known as photochemical ablation or ablative photodecomposition. (medscape.com)
Using increased skin protect ive measures, developing and making available protect ive clothing with a tighter weave (to screen out UV radiation) and having higher ablation thresholds, and designing eyewear that can withstand potential excimer laser radiation etching effects are also recommended. (cdc.gov)
Fully protect ing the face is important because during ablation, excimer lasers can eject potentially hazardous or toxic materials considerable distances from the original site. (cdc.gov)

1. Light source:308nm XeCl excimer light source 2. (kernelmedint.com)

The process of photoablation allows the excimer laser to treat the cornea with an accuracy of less than 1 micron. (turnereye.com)
An excimer laser is used to reshape (flatten) the cornea, shifting the focus. (medlineplus.gov)

The technique of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has been used with very encouraging results in the treatment of all degrees of myopia and also shows considerable promise in the treatment of hyperopia. (nih.gov)
Corneal subbasal nerve density does not recover to near preoperative densities until 2 years after PRK, as compared to 5 years after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). (medscape.com)
Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) eye surgery is increasingly common, with approximately 600,000 procedures performed each year in the United States ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
8. Comparison of photorefractive keratectomy, astigmatic PRK, laser in situ keratomileusis, and astigmatic LASIK in the treatment of myopia. (nih.gov)

Pogodina E.G., Mushkova I.A., Karimova A.N., Movshev V.G. Nomogram for aspherical operations for myopia correction using «Microscan-VIZUM» excimer laser. (pmarchive.ru)
McDonald performed the first excimer PRK for the correction of myopia on a normally sighted human eye in the United States. (medscape.com)
A study comparing transepithelial PRK and laser surgery found that both offer effective correction of myopia at 1 year, but LASIK seemed to result in less discomfort and less intense wound healing in the early postoperative period. (medscape.com)
10. [Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy in myopia and astigmatism--1 year experience]. (nih.gov)
11. Prospective study of photorefractive keratectomy for myopia using the VISX StarS2 excimer laser system. (nih.gov)
14. Excimer laser surgery for myopia and myopic astigmatism. (nih.gov)
18. Excimer laser refractive surgery versus phakic intraocular lenses for the correction of moderate to high myopia. (nih.gov)
19. [Analysis of refractive state after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy in myopia]. (nih.gov)

Excimer lasers use a combination of argon (an inert gas) and fluorine (a highly reactive gas). (turnereye.com)
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) consists of the application of energy of the ultraviolet range generated by an argon fluoride (ArF) excimer laser to the anterior corneal stroma to change its curvature and, thus, to correct a refractive error. (medscape.com)

During the 1980s, several applications of the 193-nm ArF excimer laser were investigated, including its use on human corneas for the correction of refractive errors. (medscape.com)
A newer type of laser refractive surgery called SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) is also approved for use in the United States. (medlineplus.gov)
3. Wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery for adults with refractive errors. (nih.gov)
5. Comparison of objective methods for quantifying the refractive effect of photo-astigmatic refractive keratectomy using the MEL-60 excimer laser. (nih.gov)
20. Selective zonal ablations with excimer laser for correction of irregular astigmatism induced by refractive surgery. (nih.gov)

13. Natural history of central topographic islands following excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. (nih.gov)

Rather than burning, heating, or cutting the tissue, the excimer laser adds enough energy at one time to disrupt the molecular bonds of the surface molecules, which effectively evaporate into the air in a reaction that is known as photoablation. (turnereye.com)
Methods: Excimer laser photoablation was performed to a depth of 50 μm on rat corneas. (unthsc.edu)

Perhaps the most important technology in the ability to perform LASIK eye surgery in San Jose was the invention of the excimer laser. (turnereye.com)
No other medical device used in LASIK surgery is as advanced or has as much influence upon the results of LASIK eye surgery as the excimer laser. (turnereye.com)
A San Jose LASIK surgeon should consider the Excimer Laser to be the single most important piece of equipment that is used in LASIK eye surgery. (turnereye.com)
While there have been a few laser companies that have experimented with solid state lasers, the majority of lasers used today for LASIK surgery and all of the FDA approved lasers operate at a wavelength of 193 nanometers and are therefore ultraviolet lasers. (turnereye.com)
The excimer laser is an ultraviolet chemical laser and has been very effective in LASIK eye surgery. (turnereye.com)
Excimer lasers have grown progressively faster with time, allowing the total LASIK treatment time to be reduced. (turnereye.com)
It is important to reduce the laser time during LASIK in order to reduce the time in which the flap is open and can result in surface dryness. (turnereye.com)
LASIK eye surgery is typically performed in an outpatient setting and involves the use of a machine-guided laser to reshape the lens of the eye to correct vision irregularities ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Although TLCHD staff reported that they did not observe obvious lapses in medication preparation or hand hygiene, they did note that clinic A used two humidifiers to maintain the 40%-50% relative humidity recommended by the manufacturer of the laser device used in the LASIK procedures ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Because of the high level of humidity recommended by the manufacturers of the lasers used in LASIK procedures, it is possible that additional LASIK clinics employ similar humidifier systems. (cdc.gov)

Many of the laser manufacturers (such as Zeiss, Alegretto, and Alcon) have managed to manufacture lasers operating at speed of over 200 Hz. (turnereye.com)

Unlike other forms of laser therapy used for cosmetic procedures, it does not penetrate deeply into the skin. (ocskininstitute.com)
When performed by a board-certified dermatologist, Pharos Excimer Laser therapy is fast, simple, and should have no major side effects. (ocskininstitute.com)
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of excimer laser therapy on vitiligo of the head and neck area against various clinical parameters. (elsevierpure.com)
Conclusion: Excimer laser therapy is an effective and safe therapy for vitiligo of the face and neck area. (elsevierpure.com)
Promising results from excimer laser therapy can be expected in patients who have a short duration of evolution of the vitiligo below 1 year, a focal or generalized type of vitiligo, no previous history of treatment, and a vitiliginous lesion without poliosis. (elsevierpure.com)
[ 35 ] The combination of UV-B 308-nm excimer light and bath PUVA therapy may be effective in the treatment of prurigo nodularis. (medscape.com)

Another condition treated by the Pharos Excimer Laser is vitiligo. (ocskininstitute.com)
While Pharos Excimer Laser treatment is not a cure for psoriasis or vitiligo, it can provide several months of clear, symptom-free skin once treatment is completed. (ocskininstitute.com)
Comparison of 311-nm Titanium:Sapphire laser and 308-nm excimer laser treatment for vitiligo: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial. (bvsalud.org)
Background: The excimer laser has recently been introduced as a new therapeutic modality for vitiligo. (elsevierpure.com)
However, to date, there have only been a few clinical reports evaluating the therapeutic effects of excimer laser treatment for vitiligo of the head and neck area. (elsevierpure.com)

The Hybrid plastic-polymer was then ablated by series pulses of UV excimer laser. (utm.my)
Excimer lasers typically produce short pulses of high energy ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the 193 to 351 nanometer (nm) wavelength range. (cdc.gov)

Studies have reported success rates ranging from 80-98% 1-5 for monovision post laser vision correction (LVC), 91% for monovision after cataract surgery and 95% following clear lens extraction 6 with good satisfaction. (bmj.com)
Rarely, complications of laser vision correction may occur. (medlineplus.gov)
15. [Excimer laser photorefactive keratectomy retreatment following photokeratectomy under-correction]. (nih.gov)

One HRBF method, fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP), utilizes an excimer laser for photolysis of hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals. (nih.gov)

The Pharos Excimer Laser is useful in treating psoriasis , which causes outbreaks of itchy, scaly skin to appear at various places on the body. (ocskininstitute.com)

Garching - SUSS MicroTec, a global supplier of equipment and process solutions for the semiconductor industry and related markets, has successfully installed an ELP300 excimer laser stepper to support next generation advanced packaging and 3D IC laser debonding applications at the Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration (IZM), Berlin. (thomasnet.com)
Resistant nodules have been successfully treated with excimer lasers as well. (medscape.com)

The general characteristics and uses of excimer lasers were summarized. (cdc.gov)

Methods: The 87 patients enrolled in this study were treated with excimer laser monotherapy. (elsevierpure.com)

This can be achieved by using ultraviolet laser as a micromaching. (utm.my)
The Pharos Excimer Laser is a type of ultraviolet laser used to treat a variety of skin conditions. (ocskininstitute.com)

Palmaz Scientific fabricates intricate implantable stents with Spectra-Physics' femtosecond laser and ILT system Santa Clara, CA - Palmaz Scientific, Spectra-Physics-® and Innovative Laser Technologies (ILT) announce the demonstration of femtosecond laser micromachining of next-generation implantable medical devices. (thomasnet.com)
With Spectra-Physics' femtosecond lasers and ILT's precision machining. (thomasnet.com)

The laser light is also considered to be absorbed well and therefore has very little effect on the surrounding tissue. (turnereye.com)
At 248 nm, near the resonance of the plasmon, we expect the interaction of laser light and carbon nanotube material to exhibit relatively high absorptivity. (nist.gov)

This highly localized tissue interaction is based on the fact that each photon produced by the ArF excimer laser has 6.4 eV of energy, enough to break covalent bonds. (medscape.com)
These lasers are operated in pulsed and Q-switched modes and used in photoablative decomposition involving actual removal of tissue. (nih.gov)

Laser technologies in ophthalmic surgery. (pmarchive.ru)
At the end of this trial, 2 ophthalmic companies, VISX and Summit, were allowed to manufacture excimer lasers for widespread use in the United States. (medscape.com)

Many of the Excimer Lasers that are being manufactured are attempting to shorten treatment time without causing excess heating. (turnereye.com)
Pharos Excimer Laser treatment can be prescribed by any board-certified dermatologist, and is usually covered by insurance. (ocskininstitute.com)
What Does Pharos Excimer Laser Treatment Involve? (ocskininstitute.com)
One treatment session usually requires only 10 to 20 minutes of laser application. (ocskininstitute.com)
308 Excimer Targeted Phototherapy system is a new kind of phototherapy treatment instrument, it can erupt high energy ultraviolet rays. (uvbshop.com)
Phototherapy treatment has limited studies showing potential benefits and efficacy but psoralen plus ultraviolet (UV)-A (PUVA), broadband UV-B, narrowband UV-B, excimer laser, and UV-A have been used with success, with no evidence that any modality is superior to the other. (medscape.com)

China laser gases Supplier. (highpurity-gases.com)
Various gases that have been used to produce excimer lasers can also present occupational safety problems. (cdc.gov)

The mean procedure time was 15 +/- 6 min, with an average 3.0 +/- 0.8 sec of laser activation. (nih.gov)
Biologics can be expensive and carry a risk of side effects, including organ damage and birth defects while phototherapy requires that healthy skin be exposed to ultraviolet radiation, creating a risk of skin cancer that isn't present with the more targeted cosmetic procedure of the Pharos Excimer Laser. (ocskininstitute.com)
Since then, Nidek also has obtained approval for the manufacture of excimer lasers in the United States, and several hundred thousand patients have undergone this procedure throughout the world. (medscape.com)

Process utilizes TRUMPF TruLaser 5030 Fiber unit - 3-axis, solid-state fiber laser system - that accommodates. (thomasnet.com)
Tube Laser System accepts raw tubes to 24 ft. (thomasnet.com)
Laser Tube Cutting System handles small to medium-sized tubes. (thomasnet.com)
We have designed and built a single cell flow system to enable uniform access of cells to the laser. (nih.gov)

A large area cold cathode diode X-ray source and its performances and dosage distribution along with the laser tube and the effects of X-ray intensity on the laser output energy were investigated experimentally. (harvard.edu)
Biological effects and safety issues associated with using excimer lasers were discussed. (cdc.gov)
The results of studies examining the biological effects of excimer laser radiation on skin and other biological material were summarized. (cdc.gov)

Excimer lasers have opened the way for corrective eye surgery in a way that at one time may have been considered impossible. (turnereye.com)

In truth, the term excimer laser could be considered a misnomer since the majority of â€œexcimerâ€ lasers are created using the noble gas halides. (turnereye.com)
The term excimer uses the words â€œexcited dimerâ€ which refers to a molecule of two identical or similar parts. (turnereye.com)
The correct term should in fact be the exciplex laser. (turnereye.com)

Obviously firing a laser in areas of close proximity in rapid succession could lead to excess heating and less desirable results. (turnereye.com)
In comparison to phosphorus (P) doping performed using phosphoric acid solution, the laser N doping can introduce N atoms deeper (∼1 μm depth) into the 4H-SiC, which results in reduction of doped layer resistance by approximately 3 orders of magnitude. (elsevier.com)

Compared to CO2 laser, fiber laser offers optimized energy efficiency while eliminating routine maintenance and optical beam alignments. (thomasnet.com)

Click here to learn about other laser procedures our office offers. (ocskininstitute.com)

The word excimer is short for â€˜excited dimerâ€™, referring to the state of stimulation that is created prior to the laser being fired. (turnereye.com)

The first excimer lasers used to perform PRK in the late 1980s have been improved significantly in terms of size, efficiency, and accuracy. (medscape.com)

The QCM is a means to quantify laser damage with respect to irradiance, pulse width and exposure time. (nist.gov)

2D Laser Cutting Machine supports high-speed operation. (thomasnet.com)
Jenoptik Shows Laser Machine for Innovative 3D-Metal Working in Essen, Germany. (thomasnet.com)

Turin, Italy: The latest development from Prima Power Laserdyne LLC, the multi axis LASERDYNE 430BD, opens new aerospace design and manufacturing possibilities for laser cutting, drilling and welding at Avio S.p.A. Avio S.p.A. is at the forefront of developing advanced manufacturing technology as it expands its laser manufacturing capabilities. (thomasnet.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms2

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes8

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care7

Human corneal ablation threshold using the 193-nm ArF excimer laser. (1/239)

Excimer laser ophthalmic surgery: evaluation of a new technology. (2/239)

Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in rabbit cornea after excimer laser keratectomy. (3/239)

Recent advances in refractive surgery. (4/239)

Spherical and aspherical photorefractive keratectomy and laser in-situ keratomileusis for moderate to high myopia: two prospective, randomized clinical trials. Summit technology PRK-LASIK study group. (5/239)

Enhancement ablation for the treatment of undercorrection after excimer laser in situ keratomileusis for correcting myopia. (6/239)

Excimer laser effects on outflow facility and outflow pathway morphology. (7/239)

Analysis of the factors affecting decentration in photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia. (8/239)

Lasers, Excimer

Lasers

Photorefractive Keratectomy

Angioplasty, Balloon, Laser-Assisted

Pyrenes

Angioplasty, Laser

Laser Therapy

Corneal Opacity

Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ

Lasers, Solid-State

Laser Therapy, Low-Level

Cornea

Laser Coagulation

Myopia

Refractive Surgical Procedures

Corneal Stroma

Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Chemical Engineering

Keratotomy, Radial

Corneal Topography

Corneal Surgery, Laser

Visual Acuity

Corneal Diseases

Ultraviolet Therapy

Eye Banks

Atherectomy, Coronary

Lasers, Dye

Laser Scanning Cytometry

Refraction, Ocular

Fluorescent Dyes

Maleimides

Astigmatism

Wound Healing

Epithelium, Corneal

Light Coagulation

Optical Fibers

Microscopy, Confocal

Vitiligo

Fiber Optic Technology

Iodoacetamide

Hyperopia

Rabbits

Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty

Corneal Transplantation

Laser Capture Microdissection

Treatment Outcome

Fluorescence

Postoperative Period

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials

Equipment Design

Equipment Safety

Endothelium, Corneal

p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene

Follow-Up Studies

Membrane Fluidity

Microdissection

Phosphatidylcholines

Coronary Angiography

Tears

Recurrence

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary

Laser-Doppler Flowmetry

Molecular Probes

Time Factors

Ultraviolet Rays

Postoperative Care

Tropomyosin

Ophthalmoscopy

Chemistry Techniques, Analytical

Coronary Disease

Molecular Probe Techniques

Infrared Rays

Postoperative Complications

Swine

Human corneal ablation threshold using the 193-nm ArF excimer laser. (1/239)

Excimer laser ophthalmic surgery: evaluation of a new technology. (2/239)

Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in rabbit cornea after excimer laser keratectomy. (3/239)

Recent advances in refractive surgery. (4/239)

Spherical and aspherical photorefractive keratectomy and laser in-situ keratomileusis for moderate to high myopia: two prospective, randomized clinical trials. Summit technology PRK-LASIK study group. (5/239)

$Refractive surgery$ Refractive surgery