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LamivudineReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsHepatitis B, ChronicOrganophosphonatesHepatitis B virusAntiviral AgentsHepatitis B e AntigensAdenineDrug Resistance, ViralAnti-HIV AgentsZidovudineStavudineHepatitis BDideoxynucleosidesDrug Therapy, CombinationDNA, ViralNevirapineHIV InfectionsAlanine TransaminaseBenzoxazinesHepatitis B Surface AntigensViral LoadIndinavirDidanosineHIV-1PyrimidinonesNucleosidesOxazinesTreatment OutcomeDrug Resistance, Multiple, ViralHepatitis B AntibodiesAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveGene Products, polTreatment FailureNelfinavirZalcitabineGuanineLopinavirMutationHIV Reverse TranscriptaseRitonavirCD4 Lymphocyte CountLiver TransplantationInterferon-alphaDideoxynucleotidesRecurrenceHIV Protease InhibitorsHepatitis B Core AntigensLiver CirrhosisRNA, ViralVirus ActivationCytidine TriphosphateArabinofuranosyluracilImmunoglobulinsInfectious Disease Transmission, Vertical2-AminopurineTherapeutic EquivalencyDrug Administration ScheduleAnti-Retroviral AgentsDrug Resistance, MicrobialPolyethylene Glycols
Lamivudine: A reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It is used to treat HIV disease.Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (RNA-DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE), an enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template.Hepatitis B, Chronic: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.Organophosphonates: Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.Hepatitis B virus: The type species of the genus ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS which causes human HEPATITIS B and is also apparently a causal agent in human HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. The Dane particle is an intact hepatitis virion, named after its discoverer. Non-infectious spherical and tubular particles are also seen in the serum.Antiviral Agents: Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.Hepatitis B e Antigens: A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis B or in virulent chronic hepatitis B, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins G.Adenine: A purine base and a fundamental unit of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES.Drug Resistance, Viral: The ability of viruses to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents or antiviral agents. This resistance is acquired through gene mutation.Anti-HIV Agents: Agents used to treat AIDS and/or stop the spread of the HIV infection. These do not include drugs used to treat symptoms or opportunistic infections associated with AIDS.Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.Hepatitis B: INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.Dideoxynucleosides: Nucleosides that have two hydroxy groups removed from the sugar moiety. The majority of these compounds have broad-spectrum antiretroviral activity due to their action as antimetabolites. The nucleosides are phosphorylated intracellularly to their 5'-triphosphates and act as chain-terminating inhibitors of viral reverse transcription.Drug Therapy, Combination: Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.DNA, Viral: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.HIV Infections: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Alanine Transaminase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.Benzoxazines: OXAZINES with a fused BENZENE ring.Hepatitis B Surface Antigens: Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.Viral Load: The quantity of measurable virus in a body fluid. Change in viral load, measured in plasma, is sometimes used as a SURROGATE MARKER in disease progression.Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.HIV-1: The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.PyrimidinonesNucleosides: Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Oxazines: Six-membered heterocycles containing an oxygen and a nitrogen.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral: The ability of viruses to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance phenotype may be attributed to multiple gene mutation.Hepatitis B Antibodies: Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens.Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active: Drug regimens, for patients with HIV INFECTIONS, that aggressively suppress HIV replication. The regimens usually involve administration of three or more different drugs including a protease inhibitor.Gene Products, pol: Retroviral proteins coded by the pol gene. They are usually synthesized as a protein precursor (POLYPROTEINS) and later cleaved into final products that include reverse transcriptase, endonuclease/integrase, and viral protease. Sometimes they are synthesized as a gag-pol fusion protein (FUSION PROTEINS, GAG-POL). pol is short for polymerase, the enzyme class of reverse transcriptase.Treatment Failure: A measure of the quality of health care by assessment of unsuccessful results of management and procedures used in combating disease, in individual cases or series.Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.GuanineLopinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor used in a fixed-dose combination with RITONAVIR. It is also an inhibitor of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.HIV Reverse Transcriptase: A reverse transcriptase encoded by the POL GENE of HIV. It is a heterodimer of 66 kDa and 51 kDa subunits that are derived from a common precursor protein. The heterodimer also includes an RNAse H activity (RIBONUCLEASE H, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS) that plays an essential role the viral replication process.Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.CD4 Lymphocyte Count: The number of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. Determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer.Liver Transplantation: The transference of a part of or an entire liver from one human or animal to another.Interferon-alpha: One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES, and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways.Dideoxynucleotides: The phosphate esters of DIDEOXYNUCLEOSIDES.Recurrence: The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.HIV Protease Inhibitors: Inhibitors of HIV PROTEASE, an enzyme required for production of proteins needed for viral assembly.Hepatitis B Core Antigens: The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.Liver Cirrhosis: Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.RNA, Viral: Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.Virus Activation: The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses (PROVIRUSES) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. It may be effected by various endogenous and exogenous stimuli, including B-cell LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, glucocorticoid hormones, halogenated pyrimidines, IONIZING RADIATION, ultraviolet light, and superinfecting viruses.Cytidine Triphosphate: Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.Arabinofuranosyluracil: A pyrimidine nucleoside formed in the body by the deamination of CYTARABINE.Immunoglobulins: Multi-subunit proteins which function in IMMUNITY. They are produced by B LYMPHOCYTES from the IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES. They are comprised of two heavy (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) and two light chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) with additional ancillary polypeptide chains depending on their isoforms. The variety of isoforms include monomeric or polymeric forms, and transmembrane forms (B-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTORS) or secreted forms (ANTIBODIES). They are divided by the amino acid sequence of their heavy chains into five classes (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN D; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M) and various subclasses.Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical: The transmission of infectious disease or pathogens from one generation to another. It includes transmission in utero or intrapartum by exposure to blood and secretions, and postpartum exposure via breastfeeding.2-Aminopurine: A purine that is an isomer of ADENINE (6-aminopurine).Therapeutic Equivalency: The relative equivalency in the efficacy of different modes of treatment of a disease, most often used to compare the efficacy of different pharmaceuticals to treat a given disease.Drug Administration Schedule: Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.Anti-Retroviral Agents: Agents used to treat RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.Drug Resistance, Microbial: The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Polyethylene Glycols: Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by combination of transcription inhibitor K-12 and other antiretroviral agents in acutely and chronically infected cells. (1/1109)

8-Difluoromethoxy-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-[4-(2-methoxyp hen yl)-1- piperazinyl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (K-12) has recently been identified as a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription. In this study, we examined several combinations of K-12 and other antiretroviral agents for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 replication in acutely and chronically infected cell cultures. Combinations of K-12 and a reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, either zidovudine, lamivudine, or nevirapine, synergistically inhibited HIV-1 replication in acutely infected MT-4 cells. The combination of K-12 and the protease inhibitor nelfinavir (NFV) also synergistically inhibited HIV-1, whereas the synergism of this combination was weaker than that of the combinations with the RT inhibitors. K-12 did not enhance the cytotoxicities of RT and protease inhibitors. Synergism of the combinations was also observed in acutely infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The combination of K-12 and cepharanthine, a nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor, synergistically inhibited HIV-1 production in tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated U1 cells, a promonocytic cell line chronically infected with the virus. In contrast, additive inhibition was observed for the combination of K-12 and NFV. These results indicate that the combinations of K-12 and clinically available antiretroviral agents may have potential as chemotherapeutic modalities for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.  (+info)

Treatment with amprenavir alone or amprenavir with zidovudine and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 347 Study Team. (2/1109)

Amprenavir is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and good in vitro activity. Ninety-two lamivudine- and protease inhibitor-naive individuals with >/=50 CD4 cells/mm3 and >/=5000 HIV RNA copies/mL were assigned amprenavir (1200 mg) alone or with zidovudine (300 mg) plus lamivudine (150 mg), all given every 12 h. After a median follow-up of 88 days, the findings of a planned interim review resulted in termination of the amprenavir monotherapy arm. Among 85 subjects with confirmed plasma HIV RNA determination, 15 of 42 monotherapy versus 1 of 43 triple-therapy subjects had an HIV RNA increase above baseline or 1 log10 above nadir (P=.0001). For subjects taking triple therapy at 24 weeks, the median decrease in HIV RNA was 2.04 log10 copies/mL, and 17 (63%) of 27 evaluable subjects had <500 HIV RNA copies/mL. Treatment with amprenavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine together reduced the levels of HIV RNA significantly more than did amprenavir monotherapy.  (+info)

Functional analysis of mutations conferring lamivudine resistance on hepatitis B virus. (3/1109)

Two patterns of mutation are commonly observed in the polymerase gene of lamivudine [(-)2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine]-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV). The M539I substitution in the conserved YMDD motif occurs independently of other changes, whereas the M539V substitution is associated with an additional upstream change (L515M). These mutations were introduced into a common background and their effects on HBV DNA replication and lamivudine resistance studied. The L515M and M539V mutations provided only partial resistance while the M539I mutation conferred a high degree of lamivudine resistance. The combination of the L515M and M539V mutations gave an intermediate level of replication competence, compared with either mutation alone, and increased resistance to lamivudine. This probably accounts for these two mutations always being observed together. The M539I mutation reduced replication competence.  (+info)

The cost-effectiveness of treatment with lamivudine and zidovudine compared with zidovudine alone: a comparison of Markov model and trial data estimates. (4/1109)

In this paper, we present a Markov model for estimating the cost-effectiveness of combination therapy with lamivudine (LMV) and zidovudine (ZDV) compared with ZDV alone. We also compare the predictions of the Markov model for the impact of combination therapy on trial period costs with the actual impact of combination therapy on selected trial period costs estimated from data collected during the clinical trials. In the Markov model, disease stages were defined by CD4 cell count. Based on clinical trial data for patients with CD4 counts higher than 100 cells/mm3, the model assumed that the CD4 cell count level could be maintained above the level at the initiation of therapy for 6.5 months with monotherapy and for 18 months with combination therapy. After this period, transition rates for natural disease progression were used. Incremental lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years gained with LMV/ZDV compared with ZDV alone were estimated for cohorts of patients initiating antiretroviral therapy at four different CD4 cell count stages. Cost per life year gained varied from $10,000 to $18,000, and cost per quality-adjusted life year gained varied from $14,000 to $27,000. In both cases, the combination therapy was more cost-effective when started earlier in disease progression. These estimates were not sensitive to changes in key parameter values. In addition, the model was used to estimate the impact of combination therapy on healthcare costs during the trial period; these estimated costs were compared with data on the cost of resource use collected during the clinical trial for hospital stays, unscheduled visits, medications, and outpatient procedures. Both the Markov model estimates and the trial data estimates for the trial period showed cost savings in other medical costs, though these were not large enough to completely offset the increased cost for antiretroviral therapy. The model estimates were more conservative than the estimates based on the trial data.  (+info)

Susceptibility of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus to other reverse transcriptase inhibitors. (5/1109)

The emergence of resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV), with mutations in the YMDD motif of the polymerase gene after treatment with lamivudine, is becoming an important clinical problem. In this study, susceptibility of wild-type and lamivudine-resistant HBV M552I, M552V, and L528M/M552V mutants to other reverse transcriptase inhibitors was investigated by transient transfection of full-length HBV DNA into human hepatoma cells. HBV DNA replication was monitored by Southern blot hybridization, which showed the presence of a single-stranded band (representative of the HBV replicative intermediates) in the drug-free, wild-type HBV-transfected cells. This band was diminished in the samples of wild-type HBV DNA treated with either lamivudine, adefovir, or lobucavir. The band intensities from the lamivudine-resistant mutants were not decreased by treatment with lamivudine, but were decreased by the treatments with adefovir or lobucavir. In contrast, penciclovir and nevirapine did not diminish the intensity of the single-stranded band of wild-type HBV or the lamivudine-resistant mutants. These results demonstrate that lamivudine-resistant HBV is susceptible to adefovir and lobucavir. Lamivudine-resistant HBV should be treated with adefovir or lobucavir, and combination therapy with lamivudine and adefovir/lobucavir may prevent the emergence of lamivudine-resistant HBV.  (+info)

Use of real-time PCR and fluorimetry to detect lamivudine resistance-associated mutations in hepatitis B virus. (6/1109)

Very rapid amplification of DNA by PCR in small volumes can be continuously monitored by the detection of the binding of probes with a rapid cycler with built-in fluorometric detection. Primers were designed to amplify approximately 100 bp of the polymerase gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) spanning codon 550, where mutations associated with resistance to lamivudine invariably occur. Four hybridization probes were synthesized: one was 3' labelled with fluorescein and hybridized upstream of codon 550. The others were 5' labelled with Cy5 and 3' labelled with biotin and spanned codon 550. The Cy5-labelled oligonucleotides contained either wild-type (ATG) or mutant (GTG or ATT) sequences. A Cy5-labelled probe and either the fluorescein-labelled probe or Sybr Green 1 (a compound that fluoresces when bound to double-stranded DNA) were included in each PCR. After completion of the amplification by using a LightCycler (Idaho Technology), the temperature at which the Cy5 probe melted from the product was determined in a melt program that took ca. 3 min. Pre- and posttreatment samples from eight patients (five chronic and three transplant) who failed lamivudine treatment were amplified, and the presence of mutations in codon 550 was determined by ABI sequencing and by using the LightCycler; in some cases PCR products were also cloned, and multiple clones were sequenced. Concordant results were obtained in all cases. We found the LightCycler to be better at resolving the sequences of genomic mixtures; for example, two samples showed a sequence at codon 550 of (A/G)T(G/T), which was found by fluorimetry to be mixtures of GTG and ATT but no ATG, and this finding was confirmed by the sequencing of clones. However, this approach was not more sensitive than population sequencing for the detection of the presence of mixtures. Overall, this pilot study has demonstrated an approach that could be an extremely rapid and economical method for the detection of lamivudine resistance-associated mutations in HBV.  (+info)

Single-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of abacavir (1592U89), zidovudine, and lamivudine administered alone and in combination in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection. (7/1109)

Abacavir (1592U89), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with in vitro activity against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), has been evaluated for efficacy and safety in combination regimens with other nucleoside analogs, including zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC). To evaluate the potential pharmacokinetic interactions between these agents, 15 HIV-1-infected adults with a median CD4(+) cell count of 347 cells/mm3 (range, 238 to 570 cells/mm3) were enrolled in a randomized, seven-period crossover study. The pharmacokinetics and safety of single doses of abacavir (600 mg), ZDV (300 mg), and 3TC (150 mg) were evaluated when each drug was given alone or when any two or three drugs were given concurrently. The concentrations of all drugs in plasma and the concentrations of ZDV and its 5'-glucuronide metabolite, GZDV, in urine were measured for up to 24 h postdosing, and pharmacokinetic parameter values were calculated by noncompartmental methods. The maximum drug concentration (Cmax), the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-infinity), time to Cmax (Tmax), and apparent elimination half-life (t1/2) of abacavir in plasma were unaffected by coadministration with ZDV and/or 3TC. Coadministration of abacavir with ZDV (with or without 3TC) decreased the mean Cmax of ZDV by approximately 20% (from 1.5 to 1.2 microg/ml), delayed the median Tmax for ZDV by 0.5 h, increased the mean AUC0-infinity for GZDV by up to 40% (from 11.8 to 16.5 microg. h/ml), and delayed the median Tmax for GZDV by approximately 0.5 h. Coadministration of abacavir with 3TC (with or without ZDV) decreased the mean AUC0-infinity for 3TC by approximately 15% (from 5.1 to 4.3 microg. h/ml), decreased the mean Cmax by approximately 35% (from 1.4 to 0.9 microg/ml), and delayed the median Tmax by approximately 1 h. While these changes were statistically significant, they are similar to the effect of food intake (for ZDV) or affect an inactive metabolite (for GZDV) or are relatively minor (for 3TC) and are therefore not considered to be clinically significant. No significant differences were found in the urinary recoveries of ZDV or GZDV when ZDV was coadministered with abacavir. There was no pharmacokinetic interaction between ZDV and 3TC. Mild to moderate headache, nausea, lymphadenopathy, hematuria, musculoskeletal chest pain, neck stiffness, and fever were the most common adverse events reported by those who received abacavir. Coadministration of ZDV or 3TC with abacavir did not alter this adverse event profile. The three-drug regimen was primarily associated with gastrointestinal events. In conclusion, no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions occurred between abacavir, ZDV, and 3TC in HIV-1-infected adults. Coadministration of abacavir with ZDV or 3TC produced mild changes in the absorption and possibly the urinary excretion characteristics of ZDV-GZDV and 3TC that were not considered to be clinically significant. Coadministration of abacavir with ZDV and/or 3TC was generally well tolerated and did not produce unexpected adverse events.  (+info)

Potent antiretroviral therapy of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: partial normalization of T lymphocyte subsets and limited reduction of HIV-1 DNA despite clearance of plasma viremia. (8/1109)

Antiretroviral therapy commenced during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection (PHI) may limit the extent of viral replication and prevent early loss of HIV-specific CD4 lymphocyte function. We studied the effect of current standard therapy (2 nucleoside analogues and a protease inhibitor) in 16 patients with symptomatic PHI. In the 13 patients who completed 1 year of treatment, plasma HIV RNA was <50 copies/mL and median CD4 cell counts were comparable to HIV-uninfected controls, with naive (CD45RA+CD62L+), primed (CD45RO+), and T cell receptor Vbeta subsets all within normal ranges. However, HIV-1 DNA levels in treated and untreated PHI patients were similar. Furthermore, CD8 cell counts remained elevated, including activated (CD38+HLA-DR+), replicating (Ki-67+), and cytotoxic (perforin+CD28-) lymphocytes. In conclusion, early antiretroviral therapy resulted in clearance of viremia and prevented loss of crucial CD4 subsets. The persistence of HIV-1 DNA together with increased CD8 T lymphocyte turnover and activation indicate continued expression of viral antigens.  (+info)

Outcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus infection in liver transplant recipients in Singapore | GutOutcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus infection in liver transplant recipients in Singapore | Gut
The Birmingham group described the clinical course of four liver transplant patients who developed graft infection with lamivudine resistant virus. Lamivudine resistant hepatitis B developed after a mean duration of nine months (range 8-11) after the transplant. Liver function abnormalities occurred at a mean duration of six months (range 3-12) after the emergence of lamivudine resistant virus and three of the four patients died 5-20 months later. The authors concluded that the lamivudine resistant phenotype can cause severe graft damage.. In our liver transplant centre, 12 patients with chronic hepatitis B (four with hepatocellular carcinoma) underwent liver transplantation over a five year period. All were given lamivudine before and after transplant. Lamivudine resistant hepatitis B developed in six of the nine survivors at a mean duration of 60 weeks (range 1-127) after liver transplant. Apart from weaning off immunosuppression aggressively, no further antiviral treatment was added. All six ...
Outcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus infection in liver transplant recipients in Singapore | GutOutcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus infection in liver transplant recipients in Singapore | Gut
Editor,-We read with interest the article by Mutimer and colleagues (Gut2000;46:107-113). The Birmingham group described the clinical course of four liver transplant patients who developed graft infection with lamivudine resistant virus. Lamivudine resistant hepatitis B developed after a mean duration of nine months (range 8-11) after the transplant. Liver function abnormalities occurred at a mean duration of six months (range 3-12) after the emergence of lamivudine resistant virus and three of the four patients died 5-20 months later. The authors concluded that the lamivudine resistant phenotype can cause severe graft damage.. In our liver transplant centre, 12 patients with chronic hepatitis B (four with hepatocellular carcinoma) underwent liver transplantation over a five year period. All were given lamivudine before and after transplant. Lamivudine resistant hepatitis B developed in six of the nine survivors at a mean duration of 60 weeks (range 1-127) after liver transplant. Apart from ...
Comparison of Telbivudine Plus Adefovir With Lamivudine Plus Adefovir for the Treatment of Lamivudine-resistant Chronic...Comparison of Telbivudine Plus Adefovir With Lamivudine Plus Adefovir for the Treatment of Lamivudine-resistant Chronic...
Lamivudine had been widely used for treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. However, development of antiviral resistance has been known as the major drawback: Incidence of lamivudine resistance was reported to be approximately 70% after 5 years (Lok AS et al, 2003). For the treatment of lamivudine resistance, adefovir has been widely used (Lok AS and McMahon B, 2009). However, switching to adefovir monotherapy was also reported to be at high risk of resistance, 25% at year 2 (Yeon JE et al, 2006). Recently, adding adefovir on lamivudine was shown to be superior to switching to adefovir monotherapy by decreasing the adefovir resistance (Rapti I et al, 2007, Lampertico P et al, 2007). However, combination of adefovir and lamivudine does not increase antiviral activity compared with adefovir monotherapy in patients with lamivudine resistance (Peters MG et al, 2004). As many patients are still viremic with the treatment of lamivudine and adefovir over 1 year, the investigators need more ...
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Three-phase sequential combined treatment with lamivudine and interferon in young patients with chronic hepatitis B |...Three-phase sequential combined treatment with lamivudine and interferon in young patients with chronic hepatitis B |...
Alpha-interferon (IFN) or lamivudine monotherapy are ineffective in treating chronic HBeAg positive patients with high viral load and low alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. We investigated whether priming lamivudine treatment might enhance the antiviral and immunostimulant action of lamivudine/IFN combination in young tolerant patients. Eleven chronic HBeAg positive patients received: 100 mg/day lamivudine for 3 months followed by IFN 5 MU/m(2)/tiw with lamivudine 100 mg/day for 6 months and then lamivudine alone 100 mg/day for 9 months. Quantitative hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA was evaluated during treatment and core-promoter, precore and polymerase HBV mutants were detected by direct sequencing at the end of therapy. Serum HBV-DNA levels dropped during lamivudine monotherapy and in combination with IFN. After IFN withdrawal, viraemia transiently increased to high levels in five of 11 (45%) patients who showed rt M204V/I lamivudine mutant resistant. Two patients cleared HBeAg without ...
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Hepatitis B virus genotypes and resistance mutations in patients under long term lamivudine therapy: characterization of...Hepatitis B virus genotypes and resistance mutations in patients under long term lamivudine therapy: characterization of...
Lamivudine is an oral nucleoside analogue widely used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The main limitation of lamivudine use is the selection of resistant mutations that increases with time of utilization. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates have been classified into eight genotypes (A to H) with distinct geographical distributions. HBV genotypes may also influence pathogenic properties and therapeutic features. Here, we analyzed the HBV genotype distribution and the nature and frequency of lamivudine resistant mutations among 36 patients submitted to lamivudine treatment for 12 to 84 months. Half of the patients were homosexual men. Only 4/36 (11%) patients were HBV DNA negative. As expected for a Brazilian group, genotypes A (24/32 positive individuals, 75%), D (3/32, 9.3%) and F (1/32, 3%) were present. One sample was from genotype C, which is a genotype rarely found in Brazil. Three samples were from genotype G, which had not been previously detected in Brazil. Lamivudine resistance mutations
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Patients with Renal Impairment: Abacavir and Lamivudine Tablets The effect of renal impairment on the combination of abacavir and lamivudine has not been evaluated (see the U.S. prescribing information for the individual abacavir and lamivudine components).. Patients with Hepatic Impairment: Abacavir and Lamivudine Tablets: The effect of hepatic impairment on the combination of abacavir and lamivudine has not been evaluated (see the U.S. prescribing information for the individual abacavir and lamivudine components).. Pregnant Women: Abacavir: Abacavir pharmacokinetics were studied in 25 pregnant women during the last trimester of pregnancy receiving abacavir 300 mg twice daily. Abacavir exposure (AUC) during pregnancy was similar to those in postpartum and in HIV-infected non-pregnant historical controls. Consistent with passive diffusion of abacavir across the placenta, abacavir concentrations in neonatal plasma cord samples at birth were essentially equal to those in maternal plasma at ...
The use of lamivudine for patients with acute hepatitis B (a series of cases) - Kondili - 2004 - Journal of Viral Hepatitis -...The use of lamivudine for patients with acute hepatitis B (a series of cases) - Kondili - 2004 - Journal of Viral Hepatitis -...
Summary. There are limited data on the use of lamivudine for patients with severe forms of acute hepatitis B. We report our experience with the use of lamivudine in six patients with acute HBV infection. Lamivudine was justified by disease severity for four patients and by concerns about risk of chronicity for two patients. The diagnoses of the treated patients were: fulminant liver failure (two patients), severe acute hepatitis B, protracted acute hepatitis B, and new HBV infection in the renal dialysis setting (two patients, one with severe liver injury). Serum HBV DNA titres ranged from 105 to 107 copies/mL prior to commencement of lamivudine. Lamivudine treatment was associated with a decline in serum HBV DNA and serum transaminases in all patients. All but one patient survived. A 58-year-old man with fulminant hepatitis and multiple organ failure died despite antiviral treatment. When possible, HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion was documented during follow-up. In the absence of a randomized, ...
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北京大学医学部机构知识库(IR@PKUHSC): Interferon-a Combined with Lamivudine versus Lamivudine Monotherapy for the Emergence of YMDD...北京大学医学部机构知识库([email protected]): Interferon-a Combined with Lamivudine versus Lamivudine Monotherapy for the Emergence of YMDD...
Background/Aims: Tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutations were the main limitation of lamivudine (LAM) for treating chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether LAM combined with IFN-alpha offer advantage over lamivudine monotherapy for the occurrence of YMDD mutations in CHB using a meta-analysis. Methodology: We searched electronic databases and calculated the odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) and pooled the results. Results: Our meta-analysis indicated that the difference of YMDD mutation rates between the combination therapy of IFN-alpha 2b, IFN-alpha 2a and Peg-IFN-alpha 2a respectively plus LAM and LAM monotherapy (95 % CI, 3.25 - 9.70, 95 % CI, 5.7717.51, 95 % CI, 6.79-26.13, respectively). The rate of YMDD mutations in LAM monotherapy was increased when compared with combination and sequential combination group (95 % CI, 6.79-22.16, and 95 % CI, 2.69-7.75, respectively). The YMDD mutation rate in combination therapy was ...
Predicting response to peginterferon a-2a (Pegasys), lamivudine and the two combined for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B;...Predicting response to peginterferon a-2a (Pegasys), lamivudine and the two combined for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B;...
Until recently, conventional interferon-a and lamivudine were the only drugs specifically licensed for the treatment of CHB. However, in patients with HBeAg-negative CHB, both drugs are associated with high rates of relapse upon treatment discontinuation and poor sustained response rates.7,8,9,10,11 Furthermore, conventional interferon has a suboptimal pharmacokinetic profile that necessitates an inconvenient dosing regimen (three times weekly). Lamivudine is hindered by the development of drug resistance, which increases with prolonged use.12,13 In the past few years, the nucleotide analogue, adefovir, has been approved as a treatment option for CHB, although continuous administration is required in patients with HBeAg-negative disease due to rapid biochemical, virological, and histological rebound upon adefovir withdrawal.14 Continuous adefovir therapy is also associated with increased drug resistance, albeit at a lower cumulative rate than lamivudine.15 Peginterferon a-2a, which was also ...
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2005 - Peginterferon alpha-2a alone or with lamivudine increased response rates more than lamivudine alone for HBeAg...2005 - Peginterferon alpha-2a alone or with lamivudine increased response rates more than lamivudine alone for HBeAg...
Unlike hepatitis C, the therapeutic strategy for chronic hepatitis B remains complex and controversial for the following reasons: the possibility of spontaneous seroconversion; the moderate efficacy of subcutaneous (interferon) or oral (lamivudine or adefovir) drugs; the absence of increased response rate with multitherapies; the emergence of drug-induced viral resistance mutations; and the lack of a single, clinically relevant endpoint for the evaluation of efficacy. To help with the choice of drug and treatment duration, Hadziyannis and colleagues clearly showed that, in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, oral adefovir should not be stopped after 1 year of treatment. As previously shown with lamivudine, the high therapeutic benefit achieved with adefovir, in terms of the number of patients with undetectable HBV DNA and normal ALT, disappeared after discontinuation of treatment. Even with a low emergence of resistance mutations, the decision to treat with adefovir means nonstop ...
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Study of Once Daily Elvucitabine Versus Lamivudine in Subjects With a Documented M184V Mutation - Full Text View -...Study of Once Daily Elvucitabine Versus Lamivudine in Subjects With a Documented M184V Mutation - Full Text View -...
To assess the safety of elvucitabine therapy in HIV-1 infected subjects with a documented M184V variant Number of Subjects: 20 Number of Study Centers: Multi-center study Study Population: HIV-1 infected subjects who are presently failing an antiretroviral therapy regimen containing lamivudine or emtricitabine, genotypically demonstrate a MI84V variant, and have an HIV RNA plasma level ≥ 2,000 and ≤ 150,000 copies/mL. Study Design: HIV-1 infected subjects, with a documented M184V variant, will be randomized to receive elvucitabine 10 mg QD or lamivudine 300 mg QD for 14 days. Subjects must be receiving a stable antiretroviral regimen (defined as no change in antiretroviral therapy for at least 4 weeks prior to randomization) that includes lamivudine or emtricitabine. At 72 hours prior to randomization, only lamivudine or emtricitabine will be stopped for washout; subjects will continue to receive the other drugs in their prescribed regimen (background antiretroviral therapy) during the ...
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Dr Lenna Martyak and colleagues from California, USA determined the effect of lamivudine prophylaxis on the rate of Hepatitis B viral reactivation.. The research team also determined the overall survival and Hepatitis B viral reactivation-related survival in patients with Hepatitis B viral undergoing chemotherapy.. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Cochrane Collaboration Database, reference lists, and abstracts from national meetings was undertaken.. The team performed statistical analysis using revman.. The researchers found that 11 studies met the defined inclusion criteria, and included these in the analysis.. Lamivudine prophylaxis was received by 220 patients, and 400 did not receive prophylaxis.. The team found that patients given lamivudine prophylaxis had a 87% decrease in Hepatitis B viral reactivation.. The number needed to treat to prevent 1 reactivation was 3.. The team found that the lamivudine prophylaxis group was also associated with a 70% reduction in reactivation-related ...
Chronic Active Hepatitis B Exacerbations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Following Development of Resistance...Chronic Active Hepatitis B Exacerbations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Following Development of Resistance...
Lamivudine is a nucleoside analog with activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Patients coinfected with HIV and HBV may have hepatitis flares when lamivudine therapy is discontinued or when resistance of HBV to lamivudine emerges. This retrospective, descriptive study conducted in three tertiary care medical centers describes patients coinfected with HIV type 1 and HBV who presented with a spectrum of clinical and subclinical hepatitic responses to lamivudine withdrawal or resistance. One patient had fulminant hepatic failure and a second patient had subclinical hepatitis when lamivudine therapy was discontinued and a more efficacious antiretroviral regimen was substituted. Three patients had flares of hepatitis after 13 to 18 months of lamivudine therapy. Lamivudine withdrawal or emergence of lamivudineresistant mutants in patients coinfected with HIV and HBV may result in severe hepatitis. Clinicians caring for patients with coinfection with HIV and HBV ...
Lamivudine plus adefovir combination therapy for lamivudine resistance in hepatitis-B-related hepatocellular carcinoma patientsLamivudine plus adefovir combination therapy for lamivudine resistance in hepatitis-B-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients
A chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) results in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, claiming up to 1 million deaths annually.1 Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) can be a silent disease for decades, but cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be the result of untreated infection.2,3 Lamivudine (LAM) is the first nucleoside analog approved for treatment of CHB, and has been applied globally for CHB patients. But LAM is associated with the highly frequent emergence of drug-resistant mutants, the cumulative rate is about 20% per year.4,5 LAM and Adefovir (ADV) combination therapy has been accepted as one of the best treatments for LAM resistant CHB patients. The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL) guidelines recommend combination therapy for treatment of LAM resistant CHB patients.6-8 Lampertico et al reported a ...
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Lamivudine/telbivudine-associated neuromyopathy: neurogenic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA depletion |...Lamivudine/telbivudine-associated neuromyopathy: neurogenic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA depletion |...
In this study, all the patients have been treated with nucleotide analogues for a long term, in which three with telbivudine and three with lamivudine. The causal link between the development of myopathy and nucleotide analogues administration was clear and convincing. All patients developed their symptoms after the long-term administration of the analogues, and no alternative cause can be found. Muscle weakness and limb numbness improved after the change or discontinuation of the drugs without special management except patient 5 who continued oral lamivudine. Three patients in this retrospective study changed the treatment to entecavir, and muscle strength improved to normal as well. More importantly, with the administration of entecavir, no extra time was needed for these three patients to restore their normal muscle power compared with the two patients who discontinued the nucleotide analogue therapy. This experience suggests that lamivudine/telbivudine-associated neuromyopathy can be cured ...
Liver transplantation for hepatitis B: What is the best hepatitis B immune globulin/antiviral regimen? - Angus - 2008 - Liver...Liver transplantation for hepatitis B: What is the best hepatitis B immune globulin/antiviral regimen? - Angus - 2008 - Liver...
Buti M, Mas A, Prieto M, Casafont F, Gonzalez A, Miras M, et al. A randomized study comparing lamivudine monotherapy after a short course of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and lamivudine with long-term lamivudine plus HBIg in the prevention of hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation. J Hepatol 2003; 38: 811-817 ...
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Prior therapy influences the efficacy of lamivudine monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant HIV-1 infection - Zurich...Prior therapy influences the efficacy of lamivudine monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant HIV-1 infection - Zurich...
BACKGROUND:: The M184V mutation decreases the replication capacity of HIV-1. This prospective study aimed to characterize the virologic and immunologic changes during monotherapy with lamivudine (3TC) in patients with limited options for a fully suppressive new therapy. METHODS:: Clinically stable patients with CD4 cells greater than 300/muL, previous virologic failure, and a M184V mutation were treated with 3TC 300 mg once daily during 48 weeks. The primary study endpoint was time to CD4 cell decrease by 30% or to below 200 cells/muL. RESULTS:: Patients were switched from either a protease inhibitor (PI)-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (PI group, N = 10) or from reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor regimens (RT group, N = 16). Among all 26 patients with a median baseline HIV-1 RNA of 3866 copies/mL and CD4 cell count of 432/muL, the probability of reaching the endpoint after 12, 24, 36, and 48 weeks was 15%, 36%, 57%, and 70%, respectively. The median time to the endpoint was ...
abacavir and lamivudine - WellSpan Health Libraryabacavir and lamivudine - WellSpan Health Library
Abacavir and lamivudine are antiviral medicines that prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from multiplying in your body. Abacavir and lamivudine is a combination medicine used to treat HIV, which can cause the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This medication is not a cure for HIV or AIDS. Abacavir and...
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For those patients treated with lamivudine in whom YMDD mutants have emerged, current practice is usually to continue lamivudine therapy in order to further suppress or prevent the return of wild type HBV. However, recent studies indicate that this practice dose not always seem to benefit patients. Studies have shown that adefovir dipivoxil and entecavir are effective for patients with YMDD mutants. Adefovir dipivoxil will be availabe shortly and can be used to rescue such paatients. If these rescue drugs are not available, stopping lamivudine therapy with close monitoring may be an option in patients who develop YMDD mutants. Further studies of the long-term outcome of such cases and the efficacy of adding a second antiviral agent are ongoing ...
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Lamivudine therapy in chronic delta hepatitis: a multicentre randomized-controlled pilot study. - Semantic ScholarLamivudine therapy in chronic delta hepatitis: a multicentre randomized-controlled pilot study. - Semantic Scholar
BACKGROUND Delta virus (HDV)-related chronic hepatitis is difficult to treat. AIMS To evaluate the efficacy of lamivudine 100 mg daily on serum HDV-RNA, hepatitis D virus antibodies and alanine aminotransferase levels, liver histology, and on hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion. METHODS Thirty-one hepatitis B surface antigen-positive, HDV-RNA-positive patients with ALT | or = 1.5 upper normal level and compensated liver disease were randomized (1:2 ratio) to placebo (group A, n = 11) or lamivudine (group B, n = 20) for 52 weeks; thereafter, all patients were given lamivudine for 52 weeks and followed up for 16 weeks. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (81%) completed the study. No patient was HDV-RNA-negative at week 52; three patients (11%) were negative at week 104. Two of them remained HDV-RNA-negative at week 120, and one lost the hepatitis B surface antigen without seroconversion. Paired pre-treatment and week 104 liver biopsies were available from 19 patients: of which three of seven (43%)
Changes in viral loads of lamivudine-resistant mutants and evolution of HBV sequences during adefovir dipivoxil therapyChanges in viral loads of lamivudine-resistant mutants and evolution of HBV sequences during adefovir dipivoxil therapy
The addition of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) to ongoing lamivudine therapy is effective against lamivudine-resistant virus in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We studied 39 patients who received ADV added to lamivudine for breakthrough hepatitis. We determined early viral changes (12 wee …
SUSTAINED DURABILITY OF HBeAg SEROCONVERSION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH TELBIVUDINE AND LAMIVUDINESUSTAINED DURABILITY OF HBeAg SEROCONVERSION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH TELBIVUDINE AND LAMIVUDINE
Two large phase III trials comparing treatment with telbivudine and lamivudine over a 2-year period were conducted in adult patients with CHB. The GLOBE study (NV-02B-007, 007 ), conducted in 20 countries, compared these two antiviral agents in 1367 (921 HBeAg-positive) patients.6 A similarly designed study (NV-02B-015, 015 ) was conducted in China and enrolled 332 (290 HBeAg-positive) patients.7 In both studies, treatment with telbivudine for 2 years demonstrated significantly greater antiviral effects, compared with lamivudine, in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients ...
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Long-Term Assessment of Treatment Outcomes With Entecavir and Lamivudine for Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in Patients Who Have...Long-Term Assessment of Treatment Outcomes With Entecavir and Lamivudine for Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in Patients Who Have...
This trial will evaluate the long-term outcomes of entecavir and lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection, who have enrolled in
Emergence of a Novel Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus Variant with a Substitution Outside the YMDD Motif | Antimicrobial...Emergence of a Novel Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus Variant with a Substitution Outside the YMDD Motif | Antimicrobial...
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical and Molecular Science, Division of Frontier Medical Science, Programs for Biomedical Research, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan. Phone: 81-82-257-5190. Fax: 81-82-255-6220. E-mail: chayama{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp ...
A Case Report on Lamivudine Induced Pancreatitis.A Case Report on Lamivudine Induced Pancreatitis.
ABSTRACT. An 18 years old male patient with history of RVD (+ve) on ART reported generalized weakness, body pains, head ache, and loose motions 3 episodes since one week. Acute pancreatitis due to anti-retro viral therapy was diagnosed. Lamivudine was most probable causal agent. Pancreatitis was confirmed by ultra sound scan of abdomen.. Keywords: Lamivudine, Pancreatitis, Anti-retro viral therapy, Patient care.. ...
A Phase IV Study of the Antiviral Activity and Safety of Entecavir Versus Lamivudine in Adults With Chronic Hepatitis B...A Phase IV Study of the Antiviral Activity and Safety of Entecavir Versus Lamivudine in Adults With Chronic Hepatitis B...
This trial investigated the antiviral activity and safety of entecavir versus lamivudine in adults with chronic hepatitis B infection who are negative for
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Chronic hepatitis B infection can lead to cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current therapies are successful in a minority of patients. Approximately 19 percent of patients respond to interferon alfa, and 10 to 15 percent respond to lamivudine (Epivir). The long-term efficacy of current agents may be worse. For lamivudine, viral resistance is reported in more than one half of patients within three years. Janssen and colleagues reasoned that the combination of interferon alfa and lamivudine in a long-term treatment regimen could improve sustained response rates in chronic hepatitis B infection.. The authors conducted a randomized, double-blind controlled trial at 42 centers in 15 countries to compare the safety and effectiveness of interferon alfa monotherapy with combination therapy using interferon alfa plus lamivudine. Participants were at least 16 years of age and had been positive for hepatitis B surface antigen for at least six months. In the eight weeks before ...
Survey of the quality of antiretroviral medicines circulating in selected African countriesSurvey of the quality of antiretroviral medicines circulating in selected African countries
Background: Provision of antiretroviral therapy has expanded in Sub-Saharan Africa and quality assurance of antiretrovirals is of crucial importance for the success of treatment programmes. Therefore WHO, in co-operation with national authorities, organized a quality survey of antiretrovirals in selected African countries. Methods: The survey was performed in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia. Country teams made up of WHO country officers and national authority representatives collected samples at public and private sector antiretroviral procurement organizations and treatment centres around the capital cities. Samples included monocomponent products of didanosine, efavirenz, lamivudine, nevirapine, stavudine and zidovudine, and fixed-dose combinations of lamivudine/zidovudine, stavudine/lamivudine, stavudine/lamivudine/nevirapine. All samples were tested by the Official Medicines Control Laboratory of Switzerland, ...
Tenofovir has inferior efficacy in adefovir-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients compared to nucleos(t)ide-naïve patientsTenofovir has inferior efficacy in adefovir-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients compared to nucleos(t)ide-naïve patients
Patients with drug-resistant CHB have a poor prognosis compared to patients without drug resistance [13]. Recently, the risk of developing NA-resistant mutations has decreased in treatment-naïve patients after widespread use of highly potent antiviral agents with high genetic barriers, such as entecavir and TDF [5,8]. A recent study showed that the efficacy of TDF was preferable to entecavir for achieving CVS in NA-experienced CHB patients without genotypic resistance, which suggests that previous antiviral treatment has clinical implications regarding the selection of an antiviral agent irrespective of preexisting genotypic resistance [14]. Likewise, our previous study showed that prior treatment with low-potency lamivudine affected the long-term efficacy of entecavir, even without genotypic resistance to lamivudine [4]. Drug-resistant mutations developed from previously used drugs are preserved in covalently closed circular DNA in the liver, and these mutations might attenuate the efficacy of ...
Simplification to dual-therapy containing lamivudine and darunavir/ritonavir or atazanavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected patients...Simplification to dual-therapy containing lamivudine and darunavir/ritonavir or atazanavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected patients...
As a whole, 122 well-treated patients (mean age, 45.2 years; mean CD4 T + lymphocyte count, 589 cells/mm3; mean duration of current cART, 3.1 years) were enrolled. Current antiretroviral regimen included tenofovir/emtricitabine in 91 subjects, abacavir/lamivudine in 25, lopinavir/r in 41, DRV/r in 38 and ATV/r in 33. Baseline mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 94.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, and proteinuria was detected in 46 subjects (38%). Overall 70 subjects switched to 3TC + DRV/r (group A) and 52 to 3TC + ATV/r (group B). After 12 months, 65 patients (92.8%) in group A and 46 (88.4%) in group B showed HIV RNA ...
Matrix laboratories ltd. - how it could be affected by abacavir sulfate, lamivudine and zidovudineMatrix laboratories ltd. - how it could be affected by abacavir sulfate, lamivudine and zidovudine
Abacavir sulfate, lamivudine and zidovudine carries a standard black box opens warning against paediatric use as a result strictly of its zidovudine content. In addition, there is no explanation for why there is a high incidence of hives or welts in children treated with prescription of medicine. At this time she said she believed she had chosen right arm hives or welts due physiologi
Lamivudine, Nevirapine, and Zidovudine (Micro Labs Limited): FDA Package InsertLamivudine, Nevirapine, and Zidovudine (Micro Labs Limited): FDA Package Insert
Micro Labs Limited: Lamivudine, nevirapine, and zidovudine tablets is indicated alone as a complete regimen or in combination with other antiretrovirals for...
Lazid-N : Zidovudine 300mg/Lamivudine 150mg/Nevirapine 200mg...Lazid-N : Zidovudine 300mg/Lamivudine 150mg/Nevirapine 200mg...
With an aim to fulfill varied requirements of our valued customer, we are engaged in offering Lazid-N Tablets. The offered Lazid-N contains Zidovudine 300mg/Lamivudine 150mg/Nevirapine 200mg as an...
Chronic Hepatitis B | ODPRNChronic Hepatitis B | ODPRN
Efficacy and Safety. Tenofovir was the most effective treatment for reducing Hepatitis B viral levels, but its overall efficacy is similar to entecavir. Lamivudine was less effective than both tenofovir and entecavir. In 70-80% of patients, resistance to lamivudine develops within 5 years, and patients need to switch to alternative medications, usually tenofovir. Pegylated interferon is also effective for reducing viral levels, but can only be used if the patient has a high viral load and if the liver is functioning well.. There were no significant differences in terms of safety for the various oral drugs. However, patients stopped using lamivudine more often than entecavir because of adverse events. For the injectables, pegylated interferon has significantly more side effects compared with all products and patients also stopped using it more often than entecavir because of adverse events.. Accessibility and Use. The current Exceptional Access Program (EAP) process can be an inconvenient and ...
Abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.comAbacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com
Detailed drug Information for abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine. Includes common brand names, drug descriptions, warnings, side effects and dosing information.
Epivir Oral Solution 10mg/ml | Patient Info | ViiV Healthcare UK Ltd | Medicines.ieEpivir Oral Solution 10mg/ml | Patient Info | ViiV Healthcare UK Ltd | Medicines.ie
Changes:. Addition in red, deletion in blue. 4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use. Epivir should not be taken with any other medicinal products containing lamivudine or medicinal products containing emtricitabine.. 4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction. Interaction studies have only been performed in adults. Lamivudine may inhibit the intracellular phosphorylation of zalcitabine when the two medicinal products are used concurrently. Epivir is therefore not recommended to be used in combination with zalcitabine.. Co-administration of lamivudine with intravenous ganciclovir or foscarnet is not recommended.. (e.g. didanosine and zalcitabine) like. 4.6 Pregnancy and lactation. A large amount of data on pregnant women (more than 1000 exposed outcomes) indicate no malformative toxicity. Epivir can be used during pregnancy if clinically needed. For patients co-infected with hepatitis who are being treated with lamivudine and subsequently become pregnant, ...
Use of immunosuppressive drugs and lamivudine in a patient with nephrotic syndrome, severe renal failure, and HBV cirrhosis:...Use of immunosuppressive drugs and lamivudine in a patient with nephrotic syndrome, severe renal failure, and HBV cirrhosis:...
Use of immunosuppressive drugs and lamivudine in a patient with nephrotic syndrome, severe renal failure, and HBV cirrhosis: Case report ...
Brazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances ActBrazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
Mark WainbergMark Wainberg
Schedule HSchedule H
WHO Model List of Essential MedicinesWHO Model List of Essential Medicines
HepatitisHepatitis
Organic anion transporter 1Organic anion transporter 1
RaltegravirRaltegravir
HemithioacetalHemithioacetal
DolutegravirDolutegravir
Reverse-transcriptase inhibitorReverse-transcriptase inhibitor
Discovery and development of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitorsDiscovery and development of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
BrincidofovirBrincidofovir
Dennis C. LiottaDennis C. Liotta
Management of HIV/AIDSManagement of HIV/AIDS
Samuel ConwaySamuel Conway
Hepatitis BHepatitis B
HIV/AIDS in ChinaHIV/AIDS in China
HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS
TelbivudineTelbivudine
D. Lorne TyrrellD. Lorne Tyrrell
ApricitabineApricitabine
EmtricitabineEmtricitabine
AdefovirAdefovir
VirusVirus
BCX4430BCX4430
Adverse event predictionAdverse event prediction
Robert YarchoanRobert Yarchoan
David HoDavid Ho
FoscarnetFoscarnet
HIV and pregnancyHIV and pregnancy
OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
LamivudineReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsHepatitis B, ChronicOrganophosphonatesHepatitis B virusAntiviral AgentsHepatitis B e AntigensAdenineDrug Resistance, ViralAnti-HIV AgentsZidovudineStavudineHepatitis BDideoxynucleosidesDrug Therapy, CombinationDNA, ViralNevirapineHIV InfectionsAlanine TransaminaseBenzoxazinesHepatitis B Surface AntigensViral LoadIndinavirDidanosineHIV-1PyrimidinonesNucleosidesOxazinesTreatment OutcomeDrug Resistance, Multiple, ViralHepatitis B AntibodiesAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveGene Products, polTreatment FailureNelfinavirZalcitabineGuanineLopinavirMutationHIV Reverse TranscriptaseRitonavirCD4 Lymphocyte CountLiver TransplantationInterferon-alphaDideoxynucleotidesRecurrenceHIV Protease InhibitorsHepatitis B Core AntigensLiver CirrhosisRNA, ViralVirus ActivationCytidine TriphosphateArabinofuranosyluracilImmunoglobulinsInfectious Disease Transmission, Vertical2-AminopurineTherapeutic EquivalencyDrug Administration ScheduleAnti-Retroviral AgentsDrug Resistance, MicrobialPolyethylene Glycols
Kivexa (abacavir, lamivudine)Kivexa (abacavir, lamivudine)
abacavir and lamivudine - WellSpan Health Libraryabacavir and lamivudine - WellSpan Health Library
Lamivudine Tablets Manufacturers, Suppliers & Exporters in IndiaLamivudine Tablets Manufacturers, Suppliers & Exporters in India
The use of lamivudine for patients with acute hepatitis B (a series of cases) - Kondili - 2004 - Journal of Viral Hepatitis -...The use of lamivudine for patients with acute hepatitis B (a series of cases) - Kondili - 2004 - Journal of Viral Hepatitis -...
The influence of YMDD mutation patterns on clinical outcomes in patients with adefovir add-on lamivudine combination treatment ...The influence of YMDD mutation patterns on clinical outcomes in patients with adefovir add-on lamivudine combination treatment ...
EPIVIR (Lamivudine) dosage, indication, interactions, side effects | EMPR - Renal and Urology NewsEPIVIR (Lamivudine) dosage, indication, interactions, side effects | EMPR - Renal and Urology News
Outcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus infection in the liver transplant recipient | GutOutcome of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus infection in the liver transplant recipient | Gut
Predicting response to peginterferon a-2a (Pegasys), lamivudine and the two combined for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B;...Predicting response to peginterferon a-2a (Pegasys), lamivudine and the two combined for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B;...
Lamivudine/telbivudine-associated neuromyopathy: neurogenic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA depletion |...Lamivudine/telbivudine-associated neuromyopathy: neurogenic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA depletion |...
lamivudinelamivudine
2005 - Peginterferon alpha-2a alone or with lamivudine increased response rates more than lamivudine alone for HBeAg...2005 - Peginterferon alpha-2a alone or with lamivudine increased response rates more than lamivudine alone for HBeAg...
Prior therapy influences the efficacy of lamivudine monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant HIV-1 infection - Zurich...Prior therapy influences the efficacy of lamivudine monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant HIV-1 infection - Zurich...
Lamivudine price in nigeria, LamivudineLamivudine price in nigeria, Lamivudine
Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine - patient information, description, dosage and directions.Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine - patient information, description, dosage and directions.
Abacavir/lamivudine - WikipediaAbacavir/lamivudine - Wikipedia
Lamivudine: MedlinePlus Drug InformationLamivudine: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Combivir (Zidovudine + Lamivudine)Combivir (Zidovudine + Lamivudine)
Lamivudine and Tenofovir: MedlinePlus Drug InformationLamivudine and Tenofovir: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Trizivir (Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Abacavir) | TheBodyTrizivir (Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Abacavir) | TheBody
Lamivudine - Trip DatabaseLamivudine - Trip Database
Lamivudine - WikipediaLamivudine - Wikipedia
lamivudinelamivudine
Lamivudine, Nevirapine and Stavudine - Drugs.comLamivudine, Nevirapine and Stavudine - Drugs.com
Crystalline form of lamivudine - Lupin LimitedCrystalline form of lamivudine - Lupin Limited
HIV & AIDS Information :: LamivudineHIV & AIDS Information :: Lamivudine
Abacavir, Lamivudine, and Zidovudine Information - Drugs.comAbacavir, Lamivudine, and Zidovudine Information - Drugs.com
Lamivudine (|i|Epivir|/i|) | aidsmapLamivudine (|i|Epivir|/i|) | aidsmap
DailyMed - LAMIVUDINE AND ZIDOVUDINE tabletDailyMed - LAMIVUDINE AND ZIDOVUDINE tablet
abacavir and lamivudineabacavir and lamivudine
DailyMed - LAMIVUDINE - lamivudine tablet, film coatedDailyMed - LAMIVUDINE - lamivudine tablet, film coated
Lamivudine ≥98% (HPLC), powder | Sigma-AldrichLamivudine ≥98% (HPLC), powder | Sigma-Aldrich
Lamivudine SandozLamivudine 'Sandoz'
abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine | Cignaabacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine | Cigna
Abacavir-Dolutegravir-Lamivudine Oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMDAbacavir-Dolutegravir-Lamivudine Oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD
Atazanavir/r + Lamivudine Dual Therapy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govAtazanavir/r + Lamivudine Dual Therapy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Lamivudine-Zidovudine (3TC/ZDV): uses & side-effects | PatientsLikeMeLamivudine-Zidovudine (3TC/ZDV): uses & side-effects | PatientsLikeMe
Lamivudine (By mouth) | University of Maryland Medical CenterLamivudine (By mouth) | University of Maryland Medical Center
Abacavir Sulfate, Lamivudine and Zidovudine - Side effect(s)Abacavir Sulfate, Lamivudine and Zidovudine - Side effect(s)
Lamivudine 50mg/5ml oral solution | LloydsPharmacyLamivudine 50mg/5ml oral solution | LloydsPharmacy
Viral features of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B genotypes A and D. - PubMed - NCBIViral features of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B genotypes A and D. - PubMed - NCBI
OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
LamivudineReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsHepatitis B, ChronicOrganophosphonatesHepatitis B virusAntiviral AgentsHepatitis B e AntigensAdenineDrug Resistance, ViralAnti-HIV AgentsZidovudineStavudineHepatitis BDideoxynucleosidesDrug Therapy, CombinationDNA, ViralNevirapineHIV InfectionsAlanine TransaminaseBenzoxazinesHepatitis B Surface AntigensViral LoadIndinavirDidanosineHIV-1PyrimidinonesNucleosidesOxazinesTreatment OutcomeDrug Resistance, Multiple, ViralHepatitis B AntibodiesAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveGene Products, polTreatment FailureNelfinavirZalcitabineGuanineLopinavirMutationHIV Reverse TranscriptaseRitonavirCD4 Lymphocyte CountLiver TransplantationInterferon-alphaDideoxynucleotidesRecurrenceHIV Protease InhibitorsHepatitis B Core AntigensLiver CirrhosisRNA, ViralVirus ActivationCytidine TriphosphateArabinofuranosyluracilImmunoglobulinsInfectious Disease Transmission, Vertical2-AminopurineTherapeutic EquivalencyDrug Administration ScheduleAnti-Retroviral AgentsDrug Resistance, MicrobialPolyethylene Glycols
MonotherapyAntiviralInfectionAntiretroviralCombivirNevirapineZalcitabineResistanceMedicine that contains abacavir or lamivudineYMDDTabletTherapyTreatmentRenalHepatitis B virAbsorptionOrally once dailyDrugsTake abacavirMedicationMetaboliteMetabolismZidovudineStop taking lamEmtricitabineEpivir-HBVTablets300mgTriumeqEntecavirStavudineInteractionsAdefovirDosageCombination of lamivudineNucleoside analog reverseHypersensitivityVirologicalChronicNRTIRegimenMedicinesLactic acidosisCarrying lamivudine resistantReverse TranscriptAnalogue of cytidineResistantAbacavir or lamivudineResistance to LamivudineViralMutationPolymeraseAllergic
Monotherapy3
Antiviral4
Infection5
Antiretroviral2
Combivir2
  • if you have ever had an allergic reaction to any medicine that contains abacavir or lamivudine (Combivir, Epivir, Triumeq, Trizivir, Ziagen). (wellspan.org)
  • In the recent post on the approval of generic Combivir - and the lack of availability of generic Epivir (lamivudine, 3TC), which was both anticipated and likely to be more useful - I speculated there were several possible causes of this surprising turn of events. (jwatch.org)
Nevirapine1
Zalcitabine1
Resistance2
  • Methods for the direct, lamivudine fass positive selection of recombinant plasmids in Bacillus subtilis have also been described, which are based upon pBD124, which encodes resistance to chloramphenicol as well as a wild type thyA protein which confers trimethoprim-sensitivity upon a thyA-thyB Bacillus subtilis host. (beechwoodjuniorschool.co.uk)
  • Lamivudine/IFN combination did not prevent the emergence of YMDD lamivudine resistance. (unicampania.it)
Medicine that contains abacavir or lamivudine1
YMDD1
  • In order to get more than one Register Reward coupon when purchasing more than one of the same qualifying items, lamivudine ymdd the items must be rung up in separate transactions. (marmarismaviyolculuk.com)
Tablet1
Therapy2
  • Lamivudine (LAM) plus adefovir (ADV) combination therapy has been accepted as one of the best treatments for LAM-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (e-cmh.org)
  • The advertising and detailing of these mixtures have been directed toward promoting their use both in hospitals as initial therapy before an etiologic diagnosis is reached and to practicing physicians for use in mild or poorly defined cases, lamivudine nursing responsibilities in which diagnosis may be difficult and in which bacteriologic confirmation seems not worth bothering about or is impossible to obtain? (marmarismaviyolculuk.com)
Treatment4
Renal3
  • Dosing of lamivudine is adjusted in accordance with renal function. (medlibrary.org)
  • No additional dosing of lamivudine is required after routine (4-hour) hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.Although there are insufficient data to recommend a specific dose adjustment of lamivudine in pediatric patients with renal impairment, a reduction in the dose and/or an increase in the dosing interval should be considered. (medlibrary.org)
  • The renal clearance of lamivudine is 0.22 plus or minus to 0.06L/h/kg. (myapplepharma.com)
Hepatitis B vir1
Absorption1
Orally once daily1
Drugs2
Take abacavir1
Medication1
Metabolite1
  • Lamivudine is phosphorylated into dynamic 5' triphosphate metabolite intracellularly (lamivudine triphosphate 3TC-TP. (myapplepharma.com)
Metabolism2
Zidovudine66
Stop taking lam8
Emtricitabine10
Epivir-HBV7
Tablets14
300mg2
Triumeq6
Entecavir9
Stavudine5
Interactions1
Adefovir8
  • a adição Resposta-Guiada de adefovir à terapia lamivudine-baseada mantem não somente a supressão viral a longo prazo em pacientes crônicos Chineses da hepatite B com cirrose de fígado compensada, a pesquisa sugere, mas igualmente melhora a função de fígado. (news-medical.net)
  • Especificamente, os pacientes com respostas virological completas e parciais ao lamivudine, definido como níveis de HBV de 60 IU/mL ou abaixo e entre 60 IU/mL e 2000 IU/mL, de respectivamente, foram dados o adefovir além do que lamivudine em curso na semana 48. (news-medical.net)
  • Os pesquisadores indicam, contudo, que estas mudanças eram atribuíveis à terapia do lamivudine apenas nos participantes com respostas completas e parciais, mas à combinação de lamivudine e ao adefovir em pacientes inadequados da resposta. (news-medical.net)
  • Assim, os pacientes com uma resposta completa ou parcial ao lamivudine podem tirar proveito da adição de adefovir, para dizer os autores, mas, notando que os níveis do ADN de HBV não diminuíram marcada a semana 24 48 em pacientes parciais da resposta, propor o serviço adicional imediato do adefovir na semana 24. (news-medical.net)
  • The aim of this study was to assess the patterns of lamivudine (LAM)-resistant mutations and the influence on biochemical and virological responses to adefovir (ADV) add-on LAM combination therapy in patients with LAM-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB). (wiley.com)
  • In a prospective cohort study, 29 participants with lamivudine-resistant HBV were treated with adefovir (Hepsera) alone, while 23 continued lamivudine and added adefovir. (hivandhepatitis.com)
  • To achieve a complete virological response and reduce the risk of adefovir-resistant mutants in lamivudine-resistant patients, rescue therapy is preferable at early evidence of genotypic resistance,' the authors concluded. (hivandhepatitis.com)
  • Lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B: an observational study on adefovir in monotherapy or in combination with lamivudine. (hivandhepatitis.com)
Dosage2
  • The dosage of lamivudine should be reduced for people who weigh less than 50 kilograms (110 pounds). (thebody.com)
  • A pharmaceutical composition in solid dosage unit form comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a new Lamivudine polymorphic form in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is also disclosed along with a pharmaceutical composition useful for treating HIV infections in humans. (freepatentsonline.com)
Combination of lamivudine1
Nucleoside analog reverse2
Hypersensitivity2
Virological4
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the virological efficacy of maintenance therapy with atazanavir with ritonavir combined with lamivudine in treatment experienced HIV positive patients with full and stable virological suppression. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Virological breakthrough was preceded by 2 to 4 months by the emergence of quasispecies variants bearing amino acid substitutions at RT position 204, i.e., within the YMDD catalytic motif (rtM204V/I). Three patients had a gradual switch from a YMDD variant population at baseline to a 100% lamivudine-resistant variant population, whereas the remaining patient had a fluctuating pattern of resistance variant dynamics. (asm.org)
  • Dolutegravir and lamivudine performed well in a small study with high rates of virological suppression over 96 weeks. (eatg.org)
  • One person with virological failure developed the M184V mutation, which confers resistance to lamivudine, and also the R263R/K mutation, potentially limiting the effectiveness of dolutegravir. (eatg.org)
Chronic8
  • Changes in serum alanine aminotransferase levels in telbivudine versus lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B: A meta-analysis. (tripdatabase.com)
  • Lamivudine has been used for treatment of chronic hepatitis B at a lower dose than for treatment of HIV/AIDS. (wikipedia.org)
  • Presents a letter to the editor about a case of reactivation of chronic hepatitis B in a patient treated long-term with lamivudine. (ebscohost.com)
  • Lamivudine for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B. Dienstag, Jules L. (ebscohost.com)
  • Lamivudine treats HIV and chronic hepatitis B infections. (rxwiki.com)
  • The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and anti-HBV activity of ACH-126, 443 (beta-L-Fd4C) in comparison to lamivudine or placebo in treatment naive adults with chronic Hepat. (bioportfolio.com)
  • Objective: To evaluate the risk and predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients of the large HEPNET.Greece cohort study who received long-term oral antivirals starting with lamivudine monotherapy. (ebscohost.com)
  • As reported in the January 31, 2008 advance online edition of the Journal of Hepatology , Italian investigators compared treatment efficacy, factors predicting response, and HBV mutations in chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine resistant virus. (hivandhepatitis.com)
NRTI3
Regimen4
  • In conclusion, the mutational pattern during selection of lamivudine resistant HBV strains differs between genotypes A and D. This may have consequences for a salvage regimen initiated for treatment of lamivudine resistant HBV. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of the study is to establish if human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected adult subjects with current virologic suppression on a 3-drug tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) based regimen (TBR) remain suppressed upon switching to a two-drug regimen of dolutegravir (DTG) 50 milligram (mg) + lamivudine (3TC) 300 mg. (centerwatch.com)
  • Pedro Cahn, M.D., principal investigator for the GEMINI study programme , said: "The Week 96 data from the GEMINI studies demonstrate that the clinical benefits of dolutegravir plus lamivudine we saw at Week 48 are sustainable, allowing us to use these two drugs while still getting efficacy non-inferior to that of a dolutegravir-based 3-drug regimen. (biospace.com)
  • No significant differences in safety were seen among the three regimens, although the low-dose lamivudine regimen appeared to be better tolerated than the others. (annals.org)
Medicines5
Lactic acidosis2
  • Lamivudine can cause serious damage to the liver and a condition called lactic acidosis. (rxwiki.com)
  • Rarely, lamivudine-HBV has caused severe (sometimes fatal) liver problems and a buildup of lactic acid in the blood (lactic acidosis). (kaiserpermanente.org)
Carrying lamivudine resistant1
  • Forty-one patients carrying lamivudine resistant HBV were enrolled. (nih.gov)
Reverse Transcript4
Analogue of cytidine2
Resistant7
Abacavir or lamivudine1
Resistance to Lamivudine1
  • Resistance to lamivudine may be associated with resistance, reduced sensitivity, or enhanced sensitivity to other antivirals. (bmj.com)
Viral4
Mutation1
  • The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Science Citation Index, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Database were searched to identify RCTs that evaluated the incidence of YMDD-motif mutation to lamivudine therapy and lamivudine plus OMTR therapies in CHB patients. (hindawi.com)
Polymerase1
  • The current data suggest that lamivudine does not directly inhibit EBOV RNA polymerase or replication of the virus. (cdc.gov)
Allergic3
Kivexa (abacavir, lamivudine)
Kivexa (abacavir, lamivudine) (netdoctor.co.uk)
Abacavir and lamivudine - WellSpan Health Library
Abacavir and lamivudine - WellSpan Health Library (wellspan.org)
The Effectiveness of Ritonavir Plus Zidovudine Plus Lamivudine in HIV-Infected Patients - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
The Effectiveness of Ritonavir Plus Zidovudine Plus Lamivudine in HIV-Infected Patients - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)
TRIODAY TABLET | Lamivudine, Tenofovir & Efavirenz
TRIODAY TABLET | Lamivudine, Tenofovir & Efavirenz (genericday.com)
Teva buy, Lamivudine cost in india
Teva buy, Lamivudine cost in india (ricepharmacy.com)
What Are NRTIs in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) for HIV?
What Are NRTIs in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) for HIV? (medicinenet.com)
Hepatitis B Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Management, Surgical Intervention
Hepatitis B Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Management, Surgical Intervention (emedicine.medscape.com)
Trizivir New FDA Drug Approval | CenterWatch
Trizivir New FDA Drug Approval | CenterWatch (centerwatch.com)
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TRIOMUNE 30 TABLET | Stavudine+Lamivudine+Nevirapine
TRIOMUNE 30 TABLET | Stavudine+Lamivudine+Nevirapine (genericday.com)
TENVIR L TABLETS | Lamivudine and Tenofovir
TENVIR L TABLETS | Lamivudine and Tenofovir (genericday.com)
Standard Dosing Chart for Anti-HIV Drugs - TheBody.com
Standard Dosing Chart for Anti-HIV Drugs - TheBody.com (thebody.com)
DUOVIR N TABLET | Lamivudine, Nevirapine and Zidovudine
DUOVIR N TABLET | Lamivudine, Nevirapine and Zidovudine (genericday.com)
Abacavir, Lamivudine, and Zidovudine: Pediatric Medication | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Abacavir, Lamivudine, and Zidovudine: Pediatric Medication | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (mskcc.org)
Lamivudine (|i|Epivir|/i|) | aidsmap
Lamivudine (|i|Epivir|/i|) | aidsmap (aidsmap.com)
HIV & AIDS Information :: Lamivudine/zidovudine
HIV & AIDS Information :: Lamivudine/zidovudine (aidsmap.com)
Nevilast - Nevirapine, Lamivudine & Stavudine, Anti Viral Medicines Manufacturer India
Nevilast - Nevirapine, Lamivudine & Stavudine, Anti Viral Medicines Manufacturer India (heterohealthcare.com)
What you need to know about HIV two-drug regimens - San Francisco AIDS Foundation
What you need to know about HIV two-drug regimens - San Francisco AIDS Foundation (sfaf.org)
Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Treatment
Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Treatment (medindia.net)
Efavirenz, Lamivudine, and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Efavirenz, Lamivudine, and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (mskcc.org)
Abacavir, Dolutegravir, And Lamivudine (Oral Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo Clinic
Abacavir, Dolutegravir, And Lamivudine (Oral Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo Clinic (mayoclinic.org)
Drug Information
Drug Information (medindia.net)
DailyMed - LAMIVUDINE AND ZIDOVUDINE tablet
DailyMed - LAMIVUDINE AND ZIDOVUDINE tablet (dailymed.nlm.nih.gov)
Health Library | AIDS Action Committee
Health Library | AIDS Action Committee (aac.org)