Lactic Acid
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Energy cost of sport rock climbing in elite performers. (1/5450)
OBJECTIVES: To assess oxygen uptake (VO2), blood lactate concentration ([La(b)]), and heart rate (HR) response during indoor and outdoor sport climbing. METHODS: Seven climbers aged 25 (SE 1) years, with a personal best ascent without preview or fall (on sight) ranging from 6b to 7a were assessed using an indoor vertical treadmill with artificial rock hand/foot holds and a discontinuous protocol with climbing velocity incremented until voluntary fatigue. On a separate occasion the subjects performed a 23.4 m outdoor rock climb graded 5c and taking 7 min 36 s (SE 33 s) to complete. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured using a telemetry system and [La(b)] collected at rest and after climbing. RESULTS: Indoor climbing elicited a peak oxygen uptake (VO2climb-peak) and peak HR (HRpeak) of 43.8 (SE 2.2) ml/kg/min and 190 (SE 4) bpm, respectively and increased blood lactate concentration [La(b)] from 1.4 (0.1) to 10.2 (0.6) mmol/l (p < 0.05). During outdoor climbing VO2 and HR increased to about 75% and 83% of VO2climb-peak and HRpeak, respectively. [La(b)] increased from 1.3 (0.1) at rest to 4.5 mmol/l (p < 0.05) at 2 min 32 s (8 s) after completion of the climb. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that for elite climbers outdoor sport rock climbs of five to 10 minutes' duration and moderate difficulty require a significant portion of the VO2climb-peak. The higher HR and VO2 for outdoor climbing and the increased [La(b)] could be the result of repeated isometric contractions, particularly from the arm and forearm muscles. (+info)Correlation between hypermetabolism and neuronal damage during status epilepticus induced by lithium and pilocarpine in immature and adult rats. (2/5450)
The correlation between seizure-induced hypermetabolism and subsequent neuronal damage was studied in 10-day-old (P10), 21-day-old (P21), and adult rats subjected to lithium-pilocarpine status epilepticus (SE). Local CMRglc (LCMRglc) values were measured by the [14C]2-deoxyglucose method for a duration of 45 minutes starting at 60 minutes after the onset of SE, and neuronal damage was assessed by cresyl violet staining at 6 days after SE. In P21 and adult rats, LCMRglc values were increased by 275 to 875% in all thalamic, cortical, forebrain, and hypothalamic regions plus the substantia nigra. In addition, at P21 there were also large increases in LCMRglc in brainstem regions. In P10 rats, metabolic increases were mostly located in cortical and forebrain regions plus the substantia nigra but did not affect hypothalamic, thalamic, or brainstem areas. In adult rats, there was an anatomical correlation between hypermetabolism and neuronal damage. At P21, although hypermetabolism occurred in regions with damage, the extent of damage varied considerably with the animals and ranged from an almost negligible to a very extended degree. Finally, in P10 rats, although quite pronounced hypermetabolism occurred, there was no neuronal damage induced by the seizures. Thus, in the present model of epilepsy, the correlation between marked hypermetabolism and neuronal damage can be shown in adult rats. Conversely, immature rats can sustain major metabolic activations that lead either to a variable extent of damage, as seen at P21, or no damage, as recorded at P10. (+info)Lactic acid polymers as biodegradable carriers of fluoroquinolones: an in vitro study. (3/5450)
A biodegradable polymer of DL-dilactide that facilitates release of ciprofloxacin or pefloxacin at levels exceeding MICs for the causative microorganisms of chronic osteomyelitis is described. Duration and peak of release were found to depend on the molecular weight of the polymer. Its characteristics make it promising for treating chronic bone infections. (+info)Mechanisms of capsaicin- and lactic acid-induced bronchoconstriction in the newborn dog. (4/5450)
1. Capsaicin activation of the pulmonary C fibre vanilloid receptor (VR1) evokes the pulmonary chemoreflex and reflex bronchoconstriction. Among potential endogenous ligands of C fibre afferents, lactic acid has been suggested as a promising candidate. We tested the hypotheses that (a) lactic acid behaves as a stimulant of C fibre receptors in the newborn dog to cause reflex bronchoconstriction, and (b) lactic acid causes reflex bronchoconstriction via the same pulmonary C fibre receptor mechanism as capsaicin using the competitive capsaicin/VR1 receptor antagonist capsazepine. 2. Right heart injection of lactic acid caused a significant increase (47 +/- 8.0 %) in lung resistance (RL) that was atropine sensitive (reduced by 75 %; P < 0.05), consistent with reflex activation of muscarinic efferents by stimulation of C fibre afferents. 3. Infusion of the competitive capsaicin antagonist capsazepine caused an 80 % reduction (P < 0.01) in the control bronchoconstrictor response (41 +/- 8.5 % increase in RL) to right heart injections of capsaicin. The effects of capsazepine are consistent with reversible blockade of the VR1 receptor to abolish C fibre-mediated reflex bronchoconstriction. 4. Lactic acid-evoked increases in RL were unaffected by VR1 blockade with capsazepine, consistent with a separate lactic acid-induced reflex mechanism. 5. We conclude that (a) putative stimulation of C fibres with lactic acid causes reflex bronchoconstriction in the newborn dog, (b) capsazepine reversibly antagonizes reflex bronchoconstriction elicited by right heart injection of capsaicin, presumably by attenuating capsaicin-induced activation of the C fibre 'capsaicin' receptor (VR1), and (c) capsazepine resistance of lactic acid-induced bronchoconstriction indicates that lactic acid evokes reflex bronchoconstriction by a separate mechanism, possibly via the acid-sensing ionic channel. (+info)Glucose kinetics during prolonged exercise in highly trained human subjects: effect of glucose ingestion. (5/5450)
1. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate whether glucose ingestion during prolonged exercise reduces whole body muscle glycogen oxidation, (2) to determine the extent to which glucose disappearing from the plasma is oxidized during exercise with and without carbohydrate ingestion and (3) to obtain an estimate of gluconeogenesis. 2. After an overnight fast, six well-trained cyclists exercised on three occasions for 120 min on a bicycle ergometer at 50 % maximum velocity of O2 uptake and ingested either water (Fast), or a 4 % glucose solution (Lo-Glu) or a 22 % glucose solution (Hi-Glu) during exercise. 3. Dual tracer infusion of [U-13C]-glucose and [6,6-2H2]-glucose was given to measure the rate of appearance (Ra) of glucose, muscle glycogen oxidation, glucose carbon recycling, metabolic clearance rate (MCR) and non-oxidative disposal of glucose. 4. Glucose ingestion markedly increased total Ra especially with Hi-Glu. After 120 min Ra and rate of disappearance (Rd) of glucose were 51-52 micromol kg-1 min-1 during Fast, 73-74 micromol kg-1 min-1 during Lo-Glu and 117-119 micromol kg-1 min-1 during Hi-Glu. The percentage of Rd oxidized was between 96 and 100 % in all trials. 5. Glycogen oxidation during exercise was not reduced by glucose ingestion. The vast majority of glucose disappearing from the plasma is oxidized and MCR increased markedly with glucose ingestion. Glucose carbon recycling was minimal suggesting that gluconeogenesis in these conditions is negligible. (+info)Effect of shellfish calcium on the apparent absorption of calcium and bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. (6/5450)
Fossil shellfish powder (FS) and Ezo giant scallop shell powder (EG) were rendered soluble with lactate and citrate under decompression (FSEx and EGEx, respectively) and we examined the effects of lactate-citrate solubilization of FS and EG on mineral absorption, tissue mineral contents, serum biochemical indices and bone mineral density (BMD) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The apparent absorption ratios of minerals tended to be high in the rats fed with the solubilized mineral sources, those in the FSEx group being significantly higher than in the FS group. There was no significant difference in the tibia mineral content among the OVX groups. BMD at the distal femoral diaphysis was significantly increased by FSEx and EGEx feeding. It is suggested that solubilization with lactate and citrate under decompression increased the solubility and bioavailability of calcium from such natural sources of shellfish calcium as FS and EG. (+info)Regulation of myocardial blood flow by oxygen consumption is maintained in the failing heart during exercise. (7/5450)
The hemodynamic abnormalities and neurohumoral activation that accompany congestive heart failure (CHF) might be expected to impair the increase in coronary blood flow that occurs during exercise. This study was performed to determine the effects of CHF on myocardial oxygen consumption and coronary blood flow during exercise. Coronary blood flow was measured in chronically instrumented dogs at rest, during 2 stages of graded treadmill exercise under control conditions (n=10), and after the development of CHF produced by 3 weeks of rapid ventricular pacing (n=9). In the normal dogs, coronary blood flow increased during exercise in proportion to the increase in the heart rate x the left ventricular systolic blood pressure product (RPP). After the development of CHF, resting myocardial blood flow was 25% lower than normal (P<0.05). Myocardial blood flow increased during the first stage of exercise, but then failed to increase further during the second stage of exercise despite an additional increase in the RPP. Myocardial oxygen consumption during exercise was significantly lower in animals with CHF and paralleled coronary flow. Despite the lower values for coronary blood flow in animals with CHF, there was no evidence for myocardial ischemia. Thus, even during the second level of exercise when coronary flow failed to increase, myocardial lactate consumption continued and coronary venous pH did not fall. In addition, the failure of coronary flow to increase as the exercise level was increased from stage 1 to stage 2 was not associated with a further increase in myocardial oxygen extraction. Thus, cardiac failure was associated with decreased myocardial oxygen consumption and failure of oxygen consumption to increase with an increase in the level of exercise. This abnormality did not appear to result from inadequate oxygen availability, but more likely represented a reduction of myocardial oxygen usage with a secondary decrease in metabolic coronary vasodilation. (+info)Lactate kinetics at rest and during exercise in lambs with aortopulmonary shunts. (8/5450)
In a previous study [G. C. M. Beaufort-Krol, J. Takens, M. C. Molenkamp, G. B. Smid, J. J. Meuzelaar, W. G. Zijlstra, and J. R. G. Kuipers. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 44): H1503-H1512, 1998], a lower systemic O2 supply was found in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts. To determine whether the lower systemic O2 supply results in increased anaerobic metabolism, we used [1-13C]lactate to investigate lactate kinetics in eight 7-wk-old lambs with shunts and eight control lambs, at rest and during moderate exercise [treadmill; 50% of peak O2 consumption (VO2)]. The mean left-to-right shunt fraction in the shunt lambs was 55 +/- 3% of pulmonary blood flow. Arterial lactate concentrations and the rate of appearance (Ra) and disappearance (Rd) of lactate were similar in shunt and control lambs, both at rest (lactate: 1, 201 +/- 76 vs. 1,214 +/- 151 micromol/l; Ra = Rd: 12.97 +/- 1.71 vs. 12.55 +/- 1.25 micromol. min-1. kg-1) and during a similar relative workload. We found a positive correlation between Ra and systemic blood flow, O2 supply, and VO2 in both groups of lambs. In conclusion, shunt lambs have similar lactate kinetics as do control lambs, both at rest and during moderate exercise at a similar fraction of their peak VO2, despite a lower systemic O2 supply. (+info)Example sentence: "The patient was diagnosed with lactic acidosis secondary to uncontrolled diabetes and was admitted to the intensive care unit for proper management."
There are several types of acidosis, including:
1. Respiratory acidosis: This occurs when the lung's ability to remove carbon dioxide from the blood is impaired, leading to an increase in blood acidity.
2. Metabolic acidosis: This type of acidosis occurs when there is an excessive production of acid in the body due to factors such as diabetes, starvation, or kidney disease.
3. Mixed acidosis: This type of acidosis is a combination of respiratory and metabolic acidosis.
4. Severe acute respiratory acidosis (SARA): This is a life-threatening condition that occurs suddenly, usually due to a severe lung injury or aspiration of a corrosive substance.
The symptoms of acidosis can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Confusion
4. Headaches
5. Nausea and vomiting
6. Abdominal pain
7. Difficulty breathing
8. Rapid heart rate
9. Muscle twitching
If left untreated, acidosis can lead to complications such as:
1. Kidney damage
2. Seizures
3. Coma
4. Heart arrhythmias
5. Respiratory failure
Treatment of acidosis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Some common treatments include:
1. Oxygen therapy
2. Medications to help regulate breathing and heart rate
3. Fluid and electrolyte replacement
4. Dietary changes
5. Surgery, in severe cases.
In conclusion, acidosis is a serious medical condition that can have severe consequences if left untreated. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect that you or someone else may have acidosis. With prompt and appropriate treatment, it is possible to effectively manage the condition and prevent complications.
Plaque is a key risk factor for dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. In addition, research suggests that there may be a link between oral bacteria and certain systemic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, is essential to prevent the accumulation of plaque and promote overall health.
The symptoms of BV can include:
* A strong, unpleasant odor
* Thin, white or grayish discharge
* Itching or burning sensation in the vagina
* Pain or discomfort during sex
BV is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination and laboratory tests, such as a vaginal swab or fluid sample. Treatment typically involves antimicrobial medications to eradicate the overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria. In some cases, metronidazole, an antibiotic that is effective against anaerobic bacteria, may be prescribed.
Complications of BV can include:
* Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
* Ectopic pregnancy
* Miscarriage
* Premature labor
Prevention of BV includes good hygiene practices, such as washing the genital area with mild soap and water, avoiding douching, and wearing breathable clothing. Sexual partners should also be treated to prevent re-infection.
It is important to note that BV is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI), but it can be more common in women who have multiple sexual partners or who have a new sexual partner. It is also more common during pregnancy, and in women with diabetes or HIV/AIDS.
The normal range of oxalate in the urine is between 2-5 mg/day. If the level of oxalate in the urine exceeds this range, it can lead to a variety of health problems, including:
1. Kidney stones: Excessive oxalate in the urine can lead to the formation of kidney stones, which can cause severe pain, nausea, and vomiting.
2. Nephrocalcinosis: This is a condition where there is an accumulation of calcium deposits in the kidneys, which can lead to damage and scarring of the kidneys.
3. Chronic kidney disease: Prolonged exposure to high levels of oxalate can cause damage to the kidneys, leading to chronic kidney disease and potentially end-stage renal disease.
4. Gastrointestinal symptoms: Some people with hyperoxaluria may experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
There are several causes of hyperoxaluria, including:
1. Primary hyperoxaluria: This is a rare genetic disorder that affects the liver's ability to produce oxalate.
2. Enteric hyperoxaluria: This occurs when there is an overgrowth of oxalate-producing bacteria in the gut.
3. Dietary factors: Consuming high amounts of oxalate-rich foods can lead to hyperoxaluria.
4. Intestinal diseases: Certain conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis can increase the amount of oxalate in the gut and lead to hyperoxaluria.
The diagnosis of hyperoxaluria typically involves a combination of urine tests and imaging studies, such as a kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) x-ray or a CT scan. A 24-hour urine oxalate test can measure the amount of oxalate in the urine, while a blood test can check for elevated levels of oxalate in the blood.
Treatment for hyperoxaluria depends on the underlying cause and may include:
1. Dietary modifications: Avoiding oxalate-rich foods and reducing the intake of vitamin C, magnesium, and calcium can help lower oxalate levels.
2. Medications: Drugs such as sodium alginate or potassium citrate can help bind oxalate in the gut and reduce its absorption into the bloodstream.
3. Dialysis: In advanced cases of hyperoxaluria, dialysis may be necessary to remove excess oxalate from the blood.
4. Liver transplantation: In cases of primary hyperoxaluria, a liver transplant may be necessary to correct the underlying genetic defect.
In conclusion, hyperoxaluria is a condition characterized by excessive levels of oxalate in the body, which can lead to kidney damage and other complications. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent long-term damage and improve outcomes for patients with this condition."
Respiratory alkalosis can occur due to various causes such as hypoventilation (breathing too slowly), hypercapnia (excessive carbon dioxide in the blood), bicarbonate therapy, or drinking excessive amounts of antacids. Symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, and muscle weakness.
Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause, such as correcting hypoventilation or removing excess carbon dioxide from the bloodstream. In severe cases, medications or mechanical ventilation may be necessary.
Demineralization is the opposite process of remineralization, where minerals are deposited back onto the tooth surface. Demineralization can progress over time and lead to tooth decay, also known as dental caries, if not treated promptly. Early detection and prevention of demineralization through good oral hygiene practices and regular dental check-ups can help to prevent tooth decay and maintain a healthy tooth structure.
Tooth demineralization can be detected early on by dental professionals using various diagnostic tools such as radiographs (x-rays) or visual examination of the teeth. Treatment options for demineralization depend on the severity of the condition and may include fluoride treatments, fillings, or other restorative procedures to repair damaged tooth structures.
It is important to maintain good oral hygiene practices such as brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing once a day, and limiting sugary snacks and drinks to prevent demineralization and promote remineralization of the teeth. Regular dental check-ups are also crucial in detecting early signs of demineralization and ensuring proper treatment to maintain good oral health.
Lactic acid
Lactic acid bacteria
Lactic acid fermentation
Lactic acid O-carboxyanhydride
Brummel & Brown
Kimchi
Skyr
Lactovum
Facklamia
Negative split
Korean natural farming
Microbacterium
Limosilactobacillus reuteri
Acetolactic acid
Indian Institute of Horticultural Research
Folk Orthodoxy
Streptomyces lacticiproducens
Spermicide
Calmurid
Xylose isomerase
Basal metabolic rate
Trichococcus
Lactonitrile
Bifidobacterium ruminantium
Treatment of warts by keratolysis
Lactococcus lactis
Calysta
Enterococcus malodoratus
Muscle weakness
Lysol
Fermented tea
List of food additives
Compeed
Extractive metallurgy
Toll-like receptor 6
Coccus
Product inhibition
Sake
Chemical peel
Polydioxanone
Blood doping
Antimicrobial
Fura (food)
Carl Schmidt (chemist)
Cicely Pearl Blair
Bifidobacterium longum
Dental pellicle
Bromopyruvic acid
Polybutylene adipate terephthalate
Decarbonylation
2-Ethylhexanoic acid
Index of biochemistry articles
Mash ingredients
Frozen yogurt
Polyarc reactor
Second wind
Kvass
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
Lactic Acid and Performance | Encyclopedia.com
Lactic acid test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
50% Lactic Acid Peel - Platinum Skin Care
AHA: Gylcolic Acid | Lactic Acid - Dr. Brandt Skincare
337g) Polar Aprotic Solvent Effects on the Catalytic Conversion of Fructose to 5-(hydroxymethyl)Fulfural or Lactic Acid | AIChE
Efficacy of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles as a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue delivery system to...
Anaerobic respiration in animals oxygen debt build up of lactic acid cramps muscle fatigue Doc Brown's GCSE biology exam...
WHO EMRO | Upwind responses of Anopheles stephensi to carbon dioxide and L-lactic acid: an olfactometer study | Volume 18,...
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SCULPLLA H2 CaviPLLA Poly-L Lactic Acid Premium Caviar + O2 Multi-Serum - Bellanova Beauty Lab
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Lab & Science
Molecular pathogenicity of 1-nonadecene and L-lactic acid, unique metabolites in radicular cysts and periapical granulomas. |...
Lactate7
- Lactic acid, or lactate, is a natural byproduct generated through the production of energy in the body, and is produced by the body at all times. (encyclopedia.com)
- The relationship of lactic acid to the ability of the body to perform must be assessed in two parts: the function of the lactate itself, and the adverse effects of the hydrogen ion produced in the reaction that creates lactic acid. (encyclopedia.com)
- the mix of calcium lactate and lactic acid has different microsturcture to the single salts, lower water absorption and provide more pure flavor in food, widely used in yogurt slices, fruit milk slices and candies. (techwaychem.com)
- If there is insufficient oxygen, these pyruvate will be catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase to produce lactic acid. (medicaltrend.org)
- Due to the lack of understanding of clinical biochemical basis, the concepts of Lactate and Lactic Acid are often mixed. (medicaltrend.org)
- Lactic acidosis (LA), identified by an accumulation of plasma lactate concentration, is one type of anion gap metabolic acidosis and may manifest from numerous conditions. (medscape.com)
- Lactic acidosis is characterized by an excess of serum lactate when lactate production is augmented, lactate utilization and clearance are decreased, or both. (medscape.com)
Amount of lactic acid2
- The greater the demands for energy, to the point where the body cannot rely on stored fatty acids as a fuel source, the more readily carbohydrates will be converted, meaning the greater the amount of lactic acid available for conversion. (encyclopedia.com)
- A test can be done to measure the amount of lactic acid in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
Poly6
- The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles as a carrier of gonadotropin-relea sing hormone analogues (GnRHa) for induction of ovulation in peled Coregonus peled. (muni.cz)
- Our results demonstrate that ovulation can be induced in the peled by the sustained - release of GnRHa in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles, but the treatment does not improve reproductive performance. (muni.cz)
- In this work, a pathway built upon templated chemistry towards the synthesis of a self-healable polymer using the bio-based Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) as a starting material is proposed. (uclouvain.be)
- 1995), especially as a feedstock monomer in the polymer industry for the manufacture of poly-(lactic acid) (PLA). (ncsu.edu)
- Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) copolymer is among of the most biomaterials used. (bvsalud.org)
- We evaluated volatile organic compound and particle emissions from fused deposition modeling™ 3-D printers using poly lactic acid and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene thermoplastics and measured personal exposures to total and specific volatile organic compounds. (cdc.gov)
Hyaluronic Acid4
- EXFOLIATE & MOISTURIZE ] Salicylic Acid & Lactic Acid to help exfoliate, Hyaluronic Acid to help retain skin's moisture, and Niacinamide to help calm skin. (sportcrafter.com)
- MOISTURIZING: Moisturizing body lotion and elasticity with hyaluronic acid and collagen. (sportcrafter.com)
- Hyaluronic Acid is known as a moisture magnet, and the collagen ingredients in this body lotion have a high absorptive power, helping your skin remain hydrated and with elasticity. (sportcrafter.com)
- Hyaluronic Acid: Visibly plumps skin with long-lasting hydration. (sephora.com)
Serum3
- A powerful, synergistic serum combining lactic acid with 15% L-ascorbic acid to increase absorption and enhance antioxidant performance for visible transformation of sun-aged skin. (drdennisgross.com)
- Elevated serum lactic acid is an indicator of metabolic disorders caused by a variety of clinical causes. (medicaltrend.org)
- It is very important to understand the production mechanism of lactic acid and the physiological factors of elevated serum lactic acid, otherwise it will cause abuse of lactic acid monitoring and interpretation. (medicaltrend.org)
Loss of alkali2
- It is created by one of three mechanisms: (1) increased production of acids, (2) decreased excretion of acids, or (3) loss of alkali. (medscape.com)
- Acidosis arises from an increased production of acids, a loss of alkali, or a decreased renal excretion of acids. (medscape.com)
Carbon dioxide6
- This study investigated upwind responses of Anopheles stephensi, mysorensis form, an important malaria vector in Asia, to carbon dioxide and L-lactic acid under laboratory conditions. (who.int)
- L-lactic acid alone did not produce a significant effect by itself, but addition of 6 µg/min of L-lactic acid to a range of 90 to 410 ppm carbon dioxide resulted in attraction. (who.int)
- i) The waste product is lactic acid , not carbon dioxide and water, as in aerobic respiration. (docbrown.info)
- Know and understand anaerobic respiration results in an oxygen debt that has to be repaid in order to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water. (docbrown.info)
- Know that one cause of muscle fatigue is the build-up of lactic acid in the muscles from anaerobic respiration even though the blood flowing through the muscles removes the lactic acid, oxygen is used up to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water. (docbrown.info)
- The oxygen debt is the quantity of oxygen your body needs to react with the build up of lactic acid in the cells and remove it by oxidation to carbon dioxide and water (as happens with aerobic respiration of glucose) and replace the body's reserve of oxygen in the bloodstream and cells . (docbrown.info)
Anaerobic6
- Lactic acid in the cell will itself metabolize into ATP, a process by which energy can be produced without oxygen, known as the anaerobic lactic energy system. (encyclopedia.com)
- Lactic acid will begin to accumulate in the muscles when the athlete begins to operate above the anaerobic threshold, which is generally accepted as representing 80-90% of the maximum heart rate of the athlete. (encyclopedia.com)
- This anaerobic reaction only partially breaks down the glucose to lactic acid in animals and some bacteria . (docbrown.info)
- In animals, if the physical activity is intense and prolonged you get the ' cramps ' pains due to the build up of lactic acid, which can be painful as anaerobic respiration kicks in due to lack of oxygen. (docbrown.info)
- With anaerobic respiration you do get the build up of lactic acid in the muscles because it is biochemically more difficult to oxidise and release energy . (docbrown.info)
- Lactic acid is a product of anaerobic metabolism, but hyperlactic acid can also occur when there is no hypoxia. (medicaltrend.org)
Ammonium1
- Normally, the kidneys excrete hydrogen ions (H + ) through the formation of titratable acids and ammonium. (medscape.com)
Acidosis6
- This test is most often done to diagnose lactic acidosis . (medlineplus.gov)
- [ 2 , 4 , 5 ] Clinical context and severity govern the effect of lactic acidosis, with mortality increasing by a factor of about three when the condition is associated with sepsis or low-flow states. (medscape.com)
- Lactic acidosis remains the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in hospitalized patients. (medscape.com)
- Treatment with buffering agents for acute lactic acidosis remains controversial. (medscape.com)
- Dialysis may also be useful when severe lactic acidosis exists in the setting of renal failure or congestive heart failure, as well as with severe metformin intoxication. (medscape.com)
- Several studies related to metformin-related lactic acidosis and acute kidney failure found significantly reduced morbidity and mortality related to continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) or hemodialysis. (medscape.com)
Bacteria1
- When milk turns sour, the lactose is converted by bacteria into lactic acid. (platinumskincare.com)
Glycolic5
- Even with 12% Glycolic Acid Solution, pH 3.0~4.0 balance prescription removes dead skin cells without irritating the skin. (sportcrafter.com)
- Glycolic Acid removes the dead skin cells, Madecassoside helps skin regeneration and soothing. (sportcrafter.com)
- Lactic acid is derived from milk and is much milder on the skin than Glycolic or Salicylic peels. (robertandrewsmedical.com)
- A leave-on facial exfoliant with eight percent glycolic acid to remove built-up dead skin for a visibly bright, smooth, radiant, and youthful look. (sephora.com)
- Glycolic Acid (AHA) 8%: Sheds dulling surface buildup to visibly boost radiance and reduce fine lines and wrinkles. (sephora.com)
Cleanser1
- Can be paired with CeraVe Renewing Salicylic Acid Cleanser for Rough and Bumpy Skin to cleanse & exfoliate. (sportcrafter.com)
Exfoliate2
- Lactic Acid will exfoliate the outer surface of the skin and encourage new cell turnover. (platinumskincare.com)
- When Cleopatra chose to bathe in sour donkey milk, the lactic acid was able to help exfoliate her skin and keep it smooth and beautifully clear. (platinumskincare.com)
Metabolites2
- Molecular pathogenicity of 1-nonadecene and L-lactic acid, unique metabolites in radicular cysts and periapical granulomas. (bvsalud.org)
- Recently, 1-nonadecene and L-lactic acid were identified as unique metabolites in radicular cysts and periapical granuloma , respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Exfoliates3
- CERAVE MOISTURIZING LOTION WITH SALICYLIC ACID ] Body moisturizer that gently exfoliates dry, scaly, or rough and bumpy skin on legs and upper arms. (sportcrafter.com)
- The Lactic Acid Peel is alpha hydroxy acid that exfoliates the outer layer of your skin to encourage new cell turnover. (robertandrewsmedical.com)
- Lactic Acid: An alpha hydroxy acid that exfoliates the skin. (sephora.com)
Fruit acids2
- Contains additional fruit acids to condition/soften skin and help diminish signs of aging. (sportcrafter.com)
- Refreshing dual-action wash gel with added fruit acids for radiant, smooth skin without dullness. (kosmetik-friedrichstrasse.de)
Liver4
- Depending on the body's needs at a particular time, lactic acid is also capable of being converted into glycogen, the storage form of glucose, in the same fashion that blood glucose is stored, to be maintained in the liver and released into the bloodstream when required. (encyclopedia.com)
- Lactic is a great choice for those dealing with aging and pigmented skin - think liver spots and freckling. (platinumskincare.com)
- Lactic acid enters the circulation from the tissues and is converted back to glucose through gluconeogenesis in the liver (60%) and kidneys (30%), and is again used for glycolysis in various organs (Figure 1). (medicaltrend.org)
- In skeletal muscle, lactic acid is generated from pyruvate through glycolysis, which is then converted to glucose in an ATP-dependent manner in the liver. (medicaltrend.org)
Fermentation1
- Acetic acid showed a strong inhibition on simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) process, but little effect on enzymatic hydrolysis. (ncsu.edu)
Dullness1
- One of the gentlest of alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), lactic acid not only banishes dullness by loosening the bonds keeping dead skin cells attached to the skin, but it also acts as a natural moisturising factor, helping to replenish moisture levels. (skingredients.com)
Exporter1
- Anmol Chemicals is a manufacturer supplier exporter of Lactic Acid and it offers materials as per IP BP EP Ph Eur USP NF JP FCC Food Grade as per the the latest monograph at best prices. (anmol.org)
Ascorbic acid1
- L-Ascorbic Acid Naturally derived from fruits & vegetables, ascorbic acid is Vitamin C in its purest form. (drdennisgross.com)
Skin's1
- I stopped using physical exfoliants and using this lactic acid exfoliant has done wonders on my skin's texture. (sephora.com)
Sepsis1
- In 2016, the rescue of sepsis movement 1h cluster treatment included lactic acid monitoring as the primary core, and it is recommended that patients be fluid resuscitation to restore the lactic acid concentration to normal. (medicaltrend.org)
Pigmentation1
- Contra-Indications: Milk Allergies If you are ready to move to a stronger acid, our TCA 13 is another excellent choice for pigmentation and antiaging with more peeling. (platinumskincare.com)
Peel8
- This lactic peel is buffered. (platinumskincare.com)
- A higher pH level will slow-down the action of the acid, and is thus safer for an at-home peel. (platinumskincare.com)
- This 50% lactic peel is perfect for the do-it-yourself-er or first time peeler. (platinumskincare.com)
- Our Lactic acid peel has been enhanced with a "skin lightening" and " anti-aging" cocktail of herbal remedies. (platinumskincare.com)
- View our simple hydroxy acid peel demonstration. (platinumskincare.com)
- Watch Vlogger Mary Haberski @yogasurflove use our Lactic 50% peel for the very first time. (platinumskincare.com)
- Lactic is considered a Very Superficial peel (more of an exfoliation), meaning that it only penetrates into the outermost layer, the Stratum Corneum. (platinumskincare.com)
- The Lactic Acid Peel will fade dark marks, improve hyperpigmentation, brighten and lighten skin, improve the appearance of light wrinkles, and stimulate collagen. (robertandrewsmedical.com)
Ingredients1
- It has clean ingredients and clean exfoliants like Japanese Konnyaku, Tea Tree Oil, and Phytic Acid! (sephora.com)
Oxygen1
- The method by which lactic acid is broken down to produce ATP is much quicker than the aerobic processes, those that require oxygen to be delivered by way of the cardiovascular system . (encyclopedia.com)
Reaction3
- Dumesic and coworkers [1] found that polar aprotic organic solvents such as g-valerolactone (GVL) and tetrahydrofural (THF) cause significant increases in reaction rates compared to water in addition to increased product selectivity for Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions like conversion of xylose into furfural, dehydration of 1,2-propanediol to propanal and for the hydrolysis of cellobiose to glucose. (aiche.org)
- Here we report a similar effect for the Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reaction of fructose to lactic acid or HMF, respectively. (aiche.org)
- Sn-Beta catalyst was employed as catalyst for the Lewis acid-catalyzed reaction and a sulfonic acid-based CMK-3 catalyst was used for the Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions. (aiche.org)
Panic disorder2
- As a brain signal molecule, lactic acid is related to neuronal activity, metabolism, substrate utilization and blood flow, and may also be related to short-term memory and panic disorder. (medicaltrend.org)
- Lactic acid response to caffeine in panic disorder: Comparison with social phobics and normal controls. (bvsalud.org)
Organic1
- Lactic acid is commonly recognized as one of the most versatile organic acids, with a long history of usage for the preservation of foodstuffs. (ncsu.edu)
Furfural3
- Lactic acid (LA) and 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) are two examples of primary renewable building blocks that can be obtained from fructose as starting feedstock. (aiche.org)
- The effects on both cellulose conversion rate and lactic acid yield were studied by adding inhibitors, including formic acid, acetic acid, furfural, and vanillin into the hydrolysate of steam-pretreated Lespedeza stalks. (ncsu.edu)
- Hydrolysis and SSF were less affected by furfural and vanillin compared with weak acids. (ncsu.edu)
Salicylic2
- Normal salicylic acid is too drying for my skin, but Sally Cleanse doesn't irritate it at all! (skingredients.com)
- Salicylic acid peels aren't a new approach. (robertandrewsmedical.com)
Skin6
- If you are searching for these general types of skin improvements, then lactic is the acid choice for you. (platinumskincare.com)
- In case of contact with Lactic Acid, wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. (anmol.org)
- There are so many lactic acid lotion brands on the market like Major Pharmaceuticals, CeraVe, Planet Eden, VILLAGE11FACTORY, Dermal Therapy, NEOPROSONE, AmLactin, DRMTLGY, Alpha Skin Care, it can be tough to know which one will be the best. (sportcrafter.com)
- SA is a Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA), an exfoliator that removes dead skin cells and smooths skin. (sportcrafter.com)
- It is an excellent acid choice for dry and sun damaged skin. (robertandrewsmedical.com)
- A high-strength lactic acid peeling formula for smoother, healthier-looking skin. (sephora.com)
Product3
- For this reason, lactic acid is mistakenly regarded as a waste product. (encyclopedia.com)
- The powder product is more easily used in some special aspects than lactic acid solution, and therefore becomes an ideal material added in instant salar, onion cheese, dry milk products and leisure food. (techwaychem.com)
- At this time, glucose is converted into pyruvate through glycolysis, with acetyl-CoA as an intermediate product, entering the Krebs (citric acid) cycle, and most of ATP is produced in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. (medicaltrend.org)
Collagen2
- Therefore, we aimed to investigate the inflammatory and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) effects of 1-nonadecene, and the inflammatory and collagen precipitation effects of L-lactic acid on both periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PdLFs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (bvsalud.org)
- Intriguingly, L-lactic acid induced fibrosis -like effects by enhancing collagen synthesis, while inhibiting MMP -1 release in PdLFs. (bvsalud.org)
Concentration1
- The lactic acid yield of Lespedeza stalks rinsed with water increased from 64.0% to 89.4%, and the time to reach the maximum concentration was shortened from 96 hours to 48 hours when compared with the unwashed materials. (ncsu.edu)
Concentrate1
- Our concentrate on should be to consolidate and enhance the quality and service of present products, meanwhile consistently produce new products to meet unique customers' demands for 80 88 lactic acid we sincerely invite you to mature up with us and create a vivid foreseeable future jointly! (abaishengbioproducts.com)
Production4
- Lactic acid is formed through the metabolism of the carbohydrate energy source glucose during the production of energy in the cell. (encyclopedia.com)
- This ion is itself a byproduct of the production of lactic acid, and the ion is the cause of the muscle problems frequently associated with lactic acid presence in the muscles. (encyclopedia.com)
- lactic acid can be transported through the bloodstream to a destination within the body where it is needed for ATP production. (encyclopedia.com)
- The level of lactic acid production was estimated at around 68 million kg per year, and worldwide growth is believed to be 12 to 15% per year (Wassewar 2005). (ncsu.edu)
Organs1
- Certain organs of the body have a preference for lactic acid as a fuel source during endurance events, with the same bias that the brain and the central nervous system rely on carbohydrate sources for their energy needs. (encyclopedia.com)
Metabolism1
- The kidneys are responsible for reclaiming filtered bicarbonate (HCO 3 - ) and eliminating the daily acid load generated from nitrogen (protein) metabolism. (medscape.com)
Enzyme2
- The results suggest that formic acid has a significant influence on the enzyme activity and poisoned bacterial cells, resulting in the reduction of cellulose conversion rate and lactic acid yield by 21% and 16.4%, respectively. (ncsu.edu)
- Mature red blood cells lacking mitochondria produce lactic acid through the process of glycolytic enzyme synthesis of ATP. (medicaltrend.org)
Kidneys1
- Most of the lactic acid filtered by the kidneys is reabsorbed, and only a small part is lost in the urine. (medicaltrend.org)
Water2
- Lactic can be used for sparge water adjustments also but note that sparge water usually has much less buffering than the mash so make smaller additions and stir through well. (onlinebrewingsupplies.com)
- Hydrogen sulfide is used to produce elemental sulfur, sulfuric acid, and heavy water for nuclear reactors. (cdc.gov)
Level3
- Clenching the fist or having the elastic band in place for a long time while having blood drawn can result in a false increase in lactic acid level. (medlineplus.gov)
- Buffering raises the pH level of the acid so that it does not work too quickly. (platinumskincare.com)
- The blood lactic acid level is positively correlated with the short-term and long-term disability rate and mortality of patients. (medicaltrend.org)
Alpha2
- Lactic Acid Derived from beets but also produced naturally by your body, this vegan form of lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid. (drdennisgross.com)
- Deze Lactic Acid, ook wel bekend als Melkzuur, is een wateroplosbare alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) dat kan worden gebruikt om te verwerken in zelfgemaakte verzorgingsproducten zoals serums en crèmes. (zelfzorg-drogist.nl)
Inflammation1
- L-lactic acid exerted a differential impact on the inflammation and proliferation markers. (bvsalud.org)
Salts1
- So the addition of an Acid such as Lactic Acid makes sense as acid will adjust pH much better than brewing salts. (onlinebrewingsupplies.com)
Physician1
- in 1843, German physician Johann Joseph Scherer discovered lactic acid in the blood of shock patients. (medicaltrend.org)
Milk1
- Milk wasn't the only acid used by the Egyptians, though it was the most popular. (platinumskincare.com)
Body1
- Most of the lactic acid in the body is produced by skeletal muscle. (medicaltrend.org)
Muscles1
- It does not remain pooled or stored in the muscles as waste, for as long as the muscles create emands for energy, lactic acid will be converted into ATP. (encyclopedia.com)
Clinical1
- Blood lactic acid monitoring has been in clinical use for a long time, and is often used to assess the severity of the disease in critically ill patients and their response to therapeutic interventions. (medicaltrend.org)
Effect1
- In endurance races such as cross-country skiing, marathon runs, or long distance cycling, the phenomenon referred to as " second wind " is a result of lactic acid effect. (encyclopedia.com)